libx libx 	signed libx add-on pushed for firefox we just pushed a signed libx add-on for firefox. if you want to pull in the update immediately, open the firefox browser, select add-ons, then check for updates. it will ask you to restart the browser. please let us know if you see any problems. thank you for your patience, annette &# ; godmar 	libx, firefox, and signatures libx is currently working in google chrome. libx is currently disabled in firefox version . we have edited libx code so that it has passed mozilla&# ;s automatic verification. we can now upload code, have it checked, get it signed, then download it. we are still working on a bug fix and the creation of an [...] 	which languages does libx support? we have translations for libx in a number of languages, the full translations of all terms can be found here. as of / / , this includes english, german, french, italian, portuguese and japanese. contributing a new language: to contribute, download the en_us/messages.json file and translate it. save the file as utf- and send it to libx.org@gmail.com to [...] 	documentation of libapps we have added a page under the documentation tab that contains user documentation for the libapps in the libx core package.  here is a link to that page. the documentation includes information on the following packages: the book vendors package of libapps includes libapps that work on the amazon and barnes and noble sites.  on the item’s page, [...] 	how to create your own libapps in libx . in libx . , all code that runs in pages (for autolinking, etc.) is based on libapps. you can see the libapps running in your edition by selecting the &# ;libapps&# ; tab in the preferences. it is possible to create your own libapps via the libapp builder. the libapp builder is a web interface, similar to the [...] 	enhancing search engines with summon the very first version of libx provided a cue on the google.com page that, when clicked, led to the user&# ;s library catalog. while this cue is no longer shown, we now have an even cooler feature for those libx editions that use summon as their primary catalog. libx users have the option of viewing results [...] 	enhancing autolinking with summon libx has always supported autolinking for identifiers such as isbns, issns, dois, and others.  when libx believes that a page contains such identifiers, it will place a link where they are located on the page. clicking on the link will lead the user to a search using that identifier in the edition&# ;s primary catalog.  (the [...] 	work-around for installing libx on google chrome update / / : libx is now in the chrome webstore! if a user installs directly from the webstore, they won&# ;t have an edition activated. to ensure that your users will activate your edition upon install, follow these instructions. ___ update / / : we are really close to making libx for chrome comply with manifest v , expect it [...] 	edition recommendation system we are now introducing the edition recommendation system to libx to make it even easier to find the correct edition for your university. whenever you visit the libx home page, a list of editions will be automatically generated based on your ip address that are linked to your university. you can click a link to [...] 	how to set up libx with the summon api a key goal of libx . is to integrate with services such as summon, which provides an api. whereas libx . mostly provided links a user could click on to initiate a search, libx . aims to provide the resulting information directly to the user. to contact summon, libx has two options, which we call [...] jodischneider.com/blog jodischneider.com/blog reading, technology, stray thoughts 	paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring jodi schneider&# ;s information quality lab (http://infoqualitylab.org) seeks a graduate hourly student for a research project on bias in citation networks. biased citation benefits authors in the short-term by bolstering grants and papers, making them more easily accepted. however, it can have severe negative consequences for scientific inquiry. our goal is to find quantitative measures of [&# ;] 	avoiding long-haul air travel during the covid- pandemic i would not recommend long-haul air travel at this time. an epidemiological study of a . hour flight from the middle east to ireland concluded that groups ( people), traveling from continents in four groups, who used separate airport lounges, were likely infected in flight. the flight had % occupancy ( passengers/ seats; [&# ;] 	paid undergraduate research position at uiuc for fall & spring university of illinois undergraduates are encouraged to apply for a position in my lab. i particularly welcome applications from students in the new ischool bs/is degree or in the university-wide informatics minor. while i only have paid position open, i also supervise unpaid independent study projects. dr.&# ;jodi&# ;schneider and the information quality lab &# ;https://infoqualitylab.org&# ; seek [&# ;] 	#shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia i greatly appreciated receiving messages from senior people about their participation in the june th #shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia. in that spirit, i am sharing my email bounce message for tomorrow, and the message i sent to my research lab. email bounce: i am not available by email today:&# ;this june th is a day of action [&# ;] 	qotd: storytelling in protest and politics i recently read francesca polletta&# ;s book it was like a fever: storytelling in protest and politics ( , university of chicago press). i recommend it! it will appeal to researchers interested in topics such as&# ;narrative, strategic communication, (narrative) argumentation, or&# ;epistemology (here, of narrative). parts may also interest activists. the book&# ;s case studies are drawn from the [&# ;] 	knowledge graphs: an aggregation of definitions i am not aware of a consensus definition of knowledge graph. i&# ;ve been discussing this for awhile with liliana giusti serra, and the topic came up again with my fellow organizers of the knowledge graph session at us ts as we prepare for a panel. i&# ;ve proposed the following main features: rdf-compatible, has a defined schema (usually an [&# ;] 	qotd: doing more requires thinking less by the aid of symbolism, we can make transitions in reasoning almost mechanically by the eye which would otherwise call into play the higher faculties of the brain. &# ;civilization advances by extending the number of important operations that we can perform without thinking about them. operations of thought are like cavalry charges in a battle [&# ;] 	qotd: sally jackson on how disagreement makes arguments more explicit sally jackson explicates the notion of the &# ;disagreement space&# ; in a new topoi article: &# ;a position that remains in doubt remains in need of defense&# ; &# ; &# ;the most important theoretical consequence of seeing argumentation as a system for management of disagreement is a reversal of perspective on what arguments accomplish. are arguments the means by [&# ;] 	qotd: working out scientific insights on paper, lavoisier case study &# ;language does do much of our thinking for us, even in the sciences, and rather than being an unfortunate contamination, its influence has been productive historically, helping individual thinkers generate concepts and theories that can then be put to the test. the case made here for the constitutive power of figures [of speech] per se [&# ;] 	david liebovitz: achieving care transformation by infusing electronic health records with wisdom today i am at the health data analytics summit. the title of the keynote talk is achieving care transformation by infusing electronic health records with wisdom. it&# ;s a delight to hear from a medical informaticist: david m. liebovitz (publications in google scholar), md, facp, chief medical information officer, the university of chicago. he graduated from [&# ;] adventures in renaming adventures in renaming people, names, systems & software 	home 	archives - - deadnamed by an ai governments and corporations will trust ai to make judgements on people’s identities. if those systems are trained on cis- and hetero-normative data sets, you’ll have ai that consistently misgenders people, and could be locking trans and queer people out of bathrooms, offices, homes, transportation, and medical care. alyx baldwin explains the problem and what companies and developers have to do in order to not build machine bias into their systems. - - names and harvard by creatrix tiara my relationship to my full legal name is complicated. the name i usually go by, tiara, is the second word in my given name (my culture doesn’t really do middle names; we just have ultra-wordy given names) - and i have gone by tiara my entire life, even incorporating it into my stage names. the first word of my name only really matters in bureaucratic contexts, where my full legal name is important; because of this, it irks me when cashiers try to be friendly and read off my debit card to greet me (seriously, stop doing this) or websites force me to use my legal name and won’t let me choose my own display name. that being said, i have it easier than most. being called by the first word in my name is annoying, but it’s not dangerous or even day-ruining. it is not the name of my dead self, it is not a betrayal of my attempts to assimilate, it’s not unsafe (yet). i’m already so used to people overriding my take on my name and identity that it’s not a battle i really want to fight. so when i approached harvard business school, in two different occasions, to use my preferred name instead of my legal given name in communication i wasn’t really expecting anything from it. i’ve had personal experiences and knew of other experiences with universities being inflexible, such as nyu telling a student they shouldn’t bother applying if they can’t afford the application fee. they’re a high-prestige formal institution, they’re probably set in their ways. at the same time, i figured that they may have other students with more pressing needs for name changes, such as trans people and immigrants, for whom the legal name change process is too onerous to pursue and thus they rely on preferred names to survive. at the very least, i could advocate for them. and to my surprise, harvard responded quickly to my suggestions for name changes - and responded positively. the first time was during the application for their mba program, where the form had a section for preferred name as well as legal first and last name. i filled in those fields as desired: however, on their success! email - sent after you submit an application - i was greeted by my legal first name rather than my preferred name: my pleasure at being asked was let down by the feeling that it didn’t seem to make a difference. this wasn’t the first time i’d been asked for my preferred name but was greeted against my wishes, so i figured it was more of the same. i didn’t want to assume bad faith, though, so i tweeted them to ask about it. can’t hurt to try! .@harvardhbs feedback on "success!" email: since you asked for my preferred name in the app, itd be useful to have that be used in the email — creatrix tiara (@creatrixtiara) january , .@harvardhbs it wasn't too bad for me but i'd imagine any applicants with significant name changes (e.g. trans ppl) may be taken aback by it — creatrix tiara (@creatrixtiara) january , less than hours after my tweet, they responded: @creatrixtiara @harvardhbs congrats on submitting your app! we appreciate the preferred name feedback – we’ve just changed it in the system. — hbs mba admissions (@hbsadmissions) january , that was easy. their swift reply and willingness to make immediate changes was especially notable given that this was during one of their application deadlines, which meant that their system was busy dealing with thousands of incoming applications. any changes to the backend could have caused significant technical troubles, and it would have made sense if they decided to change it after the deadline rush. yet they decided to make that immediate switch anyway - and now a lot of people who submitted applications after me would be greeted by the name they want. this motivated me to further push for preferred names when the same issue came up on one of harvard business school’s other offerings, hbx core - their online pre-mba/business fundamentals program where i’m currently enrolled as a student. i don’t recall if i had been asked for my preferred name on my hbx application, but it still felt awkward to log onto my course dashboard and be greeted, both by the site software and by other students responding to my comments, by something other than tiara. i emailed hbx support for help in changing my display name, since there was no option to set a name on my end. at first their support system assumed that i wanted to change my legal name and needed some personally identifying information as a security measure. they also warned me that giving a different name than what’s on my id would affect my ability to sit for their final exam, an in-person exam at a nearby pearson vue center, as well as the name on my certificate. i didn’t want to change the name on my paperwork, i just wanted the site and my classmates to know what to call me. so i replied to hbx to clarify, and had a little chat regarding display names and legal names, bringing up my prior success with hbs and reiterating points about misgendering and immigrant names (especially since we had a substantial international student base). they soon acknowledged that some students would feel more comfortable with a different display name, and offered to change mine on site. i wasn’t sure if they meant my official name or my display name, so i became very clear and explicit about which names i wanted for which purposes. they confirmed the changes, and when i checked in to see that the right names were in the right places, they confirmed that it was all set: and my classmates knew to call me tiara from then on. just like the mba application, the hbx platform was busy fielding over a couple hundred active users, especially since it had just opened. and yet, like their mba application counterparts (granted, it could be the same people) their tech team took the time to go into the code and change a detail for my comfort. i didn’t need to show them id or explain why i preferred the name i chose; they took me at my word. they were very prompt with their responses and were very receptive to feedback. if harvard can be so on the ball with preferred names, why can’t anyone else? why can’t paypal let me decide what name i want to show on paypal.me rather than plastering my full name? why can’t i have my debit card show the name i’d rather overly-friendly cashiers call me? and why is facebook still being fussy over names? just one quick note to the administrators (maybe not even that), and done. easy. many people and organizations look up to harvard, especially harvard business school, for inspiration for best business practices. hopefully harvard’s flexibility with names will inspire them to also be more accommodating and open with their name policies. - - we have always been here: new info on the last century of trans* lives in an article at the pacific standard, francie diep reminds everyone that the trans* rights movement in america didn’t start with jenner or mock. diep’s reporting on benjamin cerf harris’ white paper for the us census bureau which crunched the numbers and found that since , at least , americans have transitioned and updated their names and/or gender markers with social security, and that most likely underestimates the number of trans* americans since the ssa started. i’m delighted to have this analysis in hand because it demonstrates that we trans* americans have always been here. comment on this post at dreamwidth - - design for renaming this is my talk from open source bridge in portland from earlier this summer. it’s a minute introduction to the problems people face when using software that’s not aware that peoples’ names can change. comment on this post at dreamwidth - - notes from &:conf over the weekend, i was at an intersectional, feminist hacker camp up in the woods in sonoma county. under the hazy sky (there were several large wildfires in northern california, but we were not in danger) i had a chance to talk with people about name-related issues for trans and genderqueer folks. a longer document’s underway, but here’s a takeaway from our minute session: 	facebook should have a ‘flag’ to prevent repeated demands for id. 	facebook and anyone requiring documentation for names needs consistent policy on retention of copies of identity documents 	google has free form name field, and then parses it without requesting user correction 	your service should be asking for as little identifying information as possible 	stop pushing for singular, cross-site/service identity 	make a test suite for names, starting from the falsehoods post comment on this post at dreamwidth - - a misadventure at the aaa today’s bug in dealing with names and name changes was satisfying because it involved a display name field, in this case, the name on a membership card, so it flagged a case to look out for. for the past two months my wife cynthia had been trying to update the name on my aaa membership card, she added me to her account back before my transition. twice before she called member services, informed them of my name change, and a week later the new card would arrive in the mail with my old name on it. this morning cynthia said we were going to the aaa office to escalate. and cynthia was ready to get in people’s business about this. this is another reason why cynthia is awesome. once we got in, the clerk looked up cynthia’s account and confirmed that my name was correct on. however, the field in which you set the name you want to have printed on your membership card still had my old name. she fixed the card name field, ordered a new card for me, and printed out a temporary membership card. we thanked her, giddy with the knowledge of a new thing to test for. what i imagine was happening was when cynthia added me to the account, a clerk filled in my old name into the first- and last-name fields, and the system copied the values into the name-on-card field. when cynthia called member services to change my name, the edit to the first name didn’t trigger an update to the name-on-card field, and the system generated a new card with the old name. a test to verify correct behavior would look like: if a field’s value can be programmatically generated from other field values or overridden by user input, then whenever a field that the generated value depends on changes, the value of the dependent field should update and the user asked to confirm the new generated value. comment on this post at dreamwidth. tags 	ai 	best practices 	data 	display names 	facebook 	google 	guest posts 	harvard business school 	history 	identity 	open source bridge 	social security 	software testing 	testing 	video © emma claire humphries libx 				 					 					 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	libx main page 	edition builder 	libx blog 	documentation 	general faq 	libapp documentation 	librarian faq 	questions and answers 	project 	presentations 	publications 		 	 			 			 				 	 		 	libx main page 			 			 		 			 				 					welcome to libx! this site may look sparse, but libx . is fully alive and has a large and devoted user community. all our development efforts right now is devoted to libx . , which is available for the firefox and google chrome browsers. you can give libx . a spin right here and check if an edition exists for your community. if not, keep in mind that anyone can create editions using the edition builder. search for an edition for my community close [x] (old libx site) 				 						 		 	 news 	 signed libx add-on pushed for firefox 	 libx, firefox, and signatures 	 which languages does libx support? 	 documentation of libapps 	 how to create your own libapps in libx . external links 		edition builder 	libx at mozdev 	 	 			© libx project libx is a joint project of the university libraries and the department of computer science at virginia tech. generous funding for libx is provided by the institute of museum and library services.		suffusion theme by sayontan sinha 	 againstsurveillance.net - a fundraiser in defence of ian linkletter #againstsurveillance a fundraiser in defence of ian linkletter donate this event is now over! thank you to everyone who participated. a recording of this event is available for your viewing. please join us for the livestreamed teach-in on tuesday december st at am pst. if the stream hasn't loaded, please refresh this page. archivesblogs | a syndicated collection of blogs by and for archivists 	 			 				archivesblogs 				a syndicated collection of blogs by and for archivists 			 			 								 		search 		 		 	 			 			 				main menu 								skip to primary content 				skip to secondary content 									home 	about 			 	 	 		 			 			 						 			post navigation 			← older posts 			 		 	 								 					 	 		 						meet ike 			 						 				posted on september , from aotus			 			 					 				 			“i come from the very heart of america.” – dwight eisenhower, june , at a time when the world fought to overcome tyranny, he helped lead the course to victory as the supreme allied commander in europe. when our nation needed a leader, he upheld the torch of liberty as our th president. as a new memorial is unveiled, now is the time for us to meet dwight david eisenhower. eisenhower memorial statue and sculptures, photo by the dwight d. eisenhower memorial commission an opportunity to get to know this man can be found at the newly unveiled eisenhower memorial in washington, dc, and the all-new exhibits in the eisenhower presidential library and museum in abilene, kansas. each site in its own way tells the story of a humble man who grew up in small-town america and became the leader of the free world. the eisenhower presidential library and museum is a -acre campus which includes several buildings where visitors can interact with the life of this president. starting with the boyhood home, guests discover the early years of eisenhower as he avidly read history books, played sports, and learned lessons of faith and leadership. the library building houses the documents of his administration. with more than million pages and , images, researchers can explore the career of a +-year public servant. the , square feet of all-new exhibits located in the museum building is where visitors get to meet ike and mamie again…for the first time. using nara’s holdings, guests gain insight into the life and times of president eisenhower. finally, visitors can be reflective in the place of meditation where eisenhower rests beside his first-born son, doud, and his beloved wife mamie. a true encapsulation of his life. eisenhower presidential library and museum, abilene, kansas the updated gallery spaces were opened in . the exhibition includes many historic objects from our holdings which highlight eisenhower’s career through the military years and into the white house. showcased items include ike’s west point letterman’s sweater, the d-day planning table, soviet lunasphere, and letters related to the crisis at little rock. several new films and interactives have been added throughout the exhibit including a d-day film using newly digitized footage from the archives. eisenhower presidential library and museum, abilene, kansas in addition to facts and quotes, visitors will leave with an understanding of how his experiences made ike the perfect candidate for supreme allied commander of the allied expeditionary force in europe and the th president of the united states. the eisenhower memorial, which opened to the public on september , is located at an important historical corridor in washington, dc. the -acre urban memorial park is surrounded by four buildings housing institutions that were formed during the eisenhower administration and was designed by award-winning architect, frank gehry. in , the national archives hosted frank gehry and his collaborator, theater artist robert wilson in a discussion about the creation of the eisenhower national memorial.  as part of the creative process, gehry’s team visited the eisenhower presidential library and drew inspiration from the campus. they also used the holdings of the eisenhower presidential library to form the plans for the memorial itself. this also led to the development of online educational programs which will have a continued life through the eisenhower foundation. visitors to both sites will learn lasting lessons from president eisenhower’s life of public service. eisenhower memorial, photo by the dwight d. eisenhower memorial commission 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						the first post / phone-in: richard hake sitting-in for brian lehrer 			 						 				posted on september , from nypr archives & preservation			 			 					 				 			on september , , the late richard hake sat-in for brian lehrer at columbia university’s new studios at wkcr.  just one week after the attack on the world trade center, wnyc was broadcasting on fm at reduced power from the empire state building and over wnye ( . fm). richard spoke with new york times columnist paul krugman on airport security, author james fallows on the airline industry, robert roach jr. of the international association of machinists, and security expert and former new york city police commissioner william bratton as well as wnyc listeners. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						capturing virtual fsu 			 						 				posted on september , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			when the world of fsu changed in march , the website for fsu was used as one of the primary communication tools to let students, faculty, and staff know what was going on. new webpages created specifically to share information and news popped up all over fsu.edu and we had no idea how long those pages would exist (ah, the hopeful days of march) so heritage & university archives wanted to be sure to capture those pages quickly and often as they changed and morphed into new online resources for the fsu community. screenshot of a capture of the main fsu news feed regarding coronavirus. captured march , . while fsu has had an archive-it account for a while, we hadn’t fully implemented its use yet. archive-it is a web archiving service that captures and preserves content on websites as well as allowing us to provide metadata and a public interface to viewing the collected webpages. covid- fast-tracked me on figuring out archive-it and how we could best use it to capture these unique webpages documenting fsu’s response to the pandemic. i worked to configure crawls of websites to capture the data we needed, set up a schedule that would be sufficient to capture changes but also not overwhelm our data allowance, and describe the sites being captured. it took me a few tries but we’ve successfully been capturing a set of covid related fsu urls since march. one of the challenges of this work was some of the webpages had functionality that the web crawling just wouldn’t capture. this was due to some interactive widgets on pages or potentially some css choices the crawler didn’t like. i decided the content was the most important thing to capture in this case, more so than making sure the webpage looked exactly like the original. a good example of this is the international programs alerts page. we’re capturing this to track information about our study abroad programs but what archive-it displays is quite different from the current site in terms of design. the content is all there though. on the left is how archive-it displays a capture of the international programs alerts page. on the right is how the site actually looks. while the content is the same, the formatting and design is not as the pandemic dragged on and it became clear that fall would be a unique semester, i added the online orientation site and the fall site to my collection line-up. the fall page, once used to track the re-opening plan recently morphed into the stay healthy fsu site where the community can look for current information and resources but also see the original re-opening document. we’ll continue crawling and archiving these pages in our fsu coronavirus archive for future researchers until they are retired and the university community returns to “normal” operations – whatever that might look like when we get there! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						welcome to the new clintonlibrary.gov! 			 						 				posted on september , from aotus			 			 					 				 			the national archives’ presidential libraries and museums preserve and provide access to the records of presidential administrations. in support of this mission, we developed an ongoing program to modernize the technologies and designs that support the user experience of our presidential library websites. through this program, we have updated the websites of the hoover, truman, eisenhower and nixon presidential libraries.  recently we launched an updated website for the william j. clinton presidential library & museum. the website, which received more than , visitors over the past year, now improves access to the clinton presidential library holdings by providing better performance, improving accessibility, and delivering a mobile-friendly experience. the updated website’s platform and design, based in the drupal web content management framework, enables the clinton presidential library staff to make increasing amounts of resources available online—especially while working remotely during the covid- crisis. to achieve this website redesign, staff from the national archives’ office of innovation, with both web development and user experience expertise, collaborated with staff from the clinton presidential library to define goals for the new website. our user experience team first launched the project by interviewing staff of the clinton presidential library to determine the necessary improvements for the updated website to facilitate their work. next, the user experience team researched the library’s customers—researchers, students, educators, and the general public—by analyzing user analytics, heatmaps, recordings of real users navigating the site, and top search referrals. based on the data collected, the user experience team produced wireframes and moodboards that informed the final site design. the team also refined the website’s information architecture to improve the user experience and meet the clinton library staff’s needs.  throughout the project, the team used agile project management development processes to deliver iterative changes focused on constant improvement. to be agile, specific goals were outlined, defined, and distributed among team members for mutual agreement. work on website designs and features was broken into development “sprints”—two-week periods to complete defined amounts of work. at the end of each development sprint, the resulting designs and features were demonstrated to the clinton presidential library staff stakeholders for feedback which helped further refine the website. the project to update the clinton presidential library and museum website was guided by the national archives’ strategic goals—to make access happen, connect with customers, maximize nara’s value to the nation, and build our future through our people. by understanding the needs of the clinton library’s online users and staff, and leveraging the in-house expertise of our web development and user experience staff, the national archives is providing an improved website experience for all visitors. please visit the site, and let us know what you think! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						the road to edinburgh (part ) 			 						 				posted on september , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			 “inevitably, official thoughts early turned to the time when scotland would be granted the honour of acting as hosts. thought was soon turned into action and resulted in scotland pursuing the opportunity to be host to the games more relentlessly than any other country has.” from foreword to the official history of the ixth commonwealth games ( ) in our last blog post we left the campaigners working to bring the commonwealth games to edinburgh reflecting on the loss of the games to kingston, jamaica. the original plan of action sketched out by willie carmichael in had factored in a renewed campaign for if the initial approach to host the games proved unsuccessful. the choice of host cities for the games were made at the bi-annual general assemblies of the commonwealth games federation. the campaign to choose the host for began at a meeting held in tokyo in (to coincide with the olympics), with the final vote taking place at the kingston games. in the edinburgh campaign presented a document to the federation restating its desire to be host city for the games in . entitled ‘scotland invites’ it laid out scotland’s case: “we are founder members of the federation; we have taken part in each games since the inception in ; and we are the only one of six countries who have taken part in every games, who have not yet had the honour of celebrating the games.” from scotland invites, british empire and commonwealth games council for scotland ( ) documents supporting edinburgh’s bid to host the commonwealth games presented to meetings of the general assembly of the commonwealth games federation at tokyo in and kingston in (ref. wc/ / / ) edinburgh faced a rival bid from christchurch, new zealand, the competition between the two cities recorded in a series of press cutting files collected by willie carmichael. reports in the scottish press presented edinburgh as the favourites for , with christchurch using their bid as a rehearsal for a more serious campaign to host the competition. however, the new zealanders rejected this assessment, arguing that it was the turn of a country in the southern hemisphere to host the games. the games brought the final frantic round of lobbying and promotion for the rival bids as members of the commonwealth games federation gathered in kingston. the british empire and commonwealth games council for scotland presented a bid document entitled ‘scotland ’ which included detailed information on the venues and facilities to be provided for the competition along with a broader description of the city of edinburgh. artists impression of the new meadowbank athletics stadium, edinburgh (ref. wc/ / / / ) at the general assembly of the commonwealth games federation held in kingston, jamaica, on august the vote took place to decide the host of the games. edinburgh was chosen as host city by votes to . the edinburgh campaign team kept a souvenir of this important event. at the end of the meeting they collected together the evidence of their success and put it in an envelope marked ‘ballot cards – which recorded votes for scotland at kingston .’ the voting cards and envelope now sit in an administrative file which forms part of the commonwealth games scotland archive. voting card recording vote for scotland to host the commonwealth games (ref. cg/ / / / / ) 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						new ancient texts research guide 			 						 				posted on september , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			“what are the oldest books you have?” is a common question posed to special collections & archives staff at strozier library. in fact, the oldest materials in the collection are not books at all but cuneiform tablets ranging in date from to bce ( - years old). these cuneiform tablets, along with papyrus fragments and ostraka comprise the ancient texts collection in special collections & archives. in an effort to enhance remote research opportunities for students to engage with the oldest materials housed in strozier library, a research guide to ancient texts at fsu libraries has been created by special collections & archives staff. ancient texts research guide the ancient texts at fsu libraries research guide provides links to finding aids with collections information, high-resolution photos of the objects in the digital library, and links to articles or books about the collections. research guides can be accessed through the tile, “research guides,” on the library’s main page. special collections & archives currently has research guides published that share information and resources on specific collections or subjects that can be accessed remotely. while direct access to physical collections is unavailable at this time due to covid- , we hope to resume in-person research when it is safe to do so, and special collections & archives is still available to assist you remotely with research and instruction. please get in touch with us via email at: lib-specialcollections@fsu.edu. for a full list of our remote services, please visit our services page. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						ssci members embrace need for declassification reform, discuss pidb recommendations at senate hearing 			 						 				posted on september , from transforming classification			 			 					 				 			the board would like to thank acting chairman marco rubio (r-fl), vice chairman mark warner (d-va), and members of the senate select committee on intelligence (ssci) for their invitation to testify yesterday (september , ) at the open hearing on “declassification policy and prospects for reform.”    at the hearing, pidb member john tierney responded to questions from committee members about recommendations in the pidb’s may report to the president. he stressed the need for modernizing information security systems and the critical importance of sustained leadership through a senior-level executive agent (ea) to oversee and implement meaningful reform. in addition to congressman tierney, greg koch, the acting director of information management in the office of the director of national intelligence (odni), testified in response to the ssci’s concerns about the urgent need to improve how the executive branch classifies and declassifies national security information. much of the discussion focused on the pidb recommendation that the president designate the odni as the ea to coordinate the application of information technology, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, to modernize classification and declassification across the executive branch. senator jerry moran (r-ks), and senator ron wyden (d-or), who is a member of the ssci, joined the hearing to discuss the bill they are cosponsoring to modernize declassification. their proposed “declassification reform act of ” aligns with the pidb report recommendations, including the recommendation to designate the odni as the ea for coordinating the required reforms. the board would like to thank senators moran and wyden for their continued support and attention to this crucial issue. modernizing the classification and declassification system is important for our st century national security and it is important for transparency and our democracy. video of the entire hearing is available to view at the ssci’s website, and from c-span.  the transcript of prepared testimony submitted to the ssci by mr. tierney is posted on the pidb website. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						be connected, keep a stir diary 			 						 				posted on september , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			the new semester approaches and it’s going to be a bit different from what we’re used to here at the university of stirling. to help you with your mental health and wellbeing this semester, we’ve teamed up with the chaplaincy to provide students new and returning with a diary where you can keep your thoughts and feelings, process your new environment, record your joys and capture what the university was like for you in this unprecedented time. diaries will be stationed at the welcome lounges from th september and we encourage students to take one for their personal use. please be considerate of others and only take one diary each. inside each diary is a qr code which will take you to our project page where you can learn more about the project and where we will be creating an online resource for you to explore the amazing diaries that we keep in archives and special collections. we will be updating this page throughout semester with information from the archives and events for you to join. keep an eye out for #stirdiary on social media for all the updates! at the end of semester, you are able to donate your diary to the archive where it will sit with the university’s institutional records and form a truthful and creative account of what student life was like in . you absolutely don’t have to donate your diary if you don’t want to, the diary belongs to you and you can keep it, throw it away, donate it or anything else (wreck it?) as you like. if you would like to take part in the project but you have missed the welcome lounges, don’t worry! contact rosie on archives@stir.ac.uk or janet on janet.foggie @stir.ac.uk welcome to the university of stirling – pick a colour! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						pidb member john tierney to support modernizing classification and declassification before the senate select committee on intelligence, tomorrow at : p.m., live on c-span 			 						 				posted on september , from transforming classification			 			 					 				 			pidb member john tierney will testify at an open hearing on declassification policy and the prospects for reform, to be held by the senate select committee on intelligence (ssci) tomorrow, wednesday, september , , from : - : p.m. est. the hearing will be shown on the ssci’s website, and televised live on c-span.  ssci members senators ron wyden (d-or) and jerry moran (r-ks) have cosponsored the proposed “declassification reform act of ,” which aligns with recommendations of the pidb’s latest report to the president, a vision for the digital age: modernization of the u.s, national security classification and declassification system (may ). in an opinion-editorial appearing today on the website just security, senators wyden and moran present their case for legislative reform to address the challenges of outmoded systems for classification and declassification. at the hearing tomorrow, mr. tierney will discuss how the pidb recommendations present a vision for a uniform, integrated, and modernized security classification system that appropriately defends national security interests, instills confidence in the american people, and maintains sustainability in the digital environment. mr. greg koch, acting director of the information management office for the office of the director of national intelligence, will also testify at the hearing. the pidb welcomes the opportunity to speak before the ssci and looks forward to discussing the need for reform with the senators. after the hearing, the pidb will post a copy of mr. tierney’s prepared testimony on its website and on this blog. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						wiki loves monuments – digital skills and exploring stirling 			 						 				posted on september , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			every year the wikimedia foundation runs wiki loves monuments – the world’s largest photo competition. throughout september there is a push to take good quality images of listed buildings and monuments and add them to wiki commons where they will be openly licensed and available for use across the world – they may end up featuring on wikipedia pages, on google, in research and presentations worldwide and will be entered into the uk competition where there are prizes to be had! below you’ll see a map covered in red and blue pins. these represent all of the listed buildings and monuments that are covered by the wiki loves monuments competition, blue pins are places that already have a photograph and red pins have no photograph at all. the aim of the campaign is to turn as many red pins blue as possible, greatly enhancing the amazing bank of open knowledge across the wikimedia platforms. the university of stirling sits within the black circle. the two big clusters of red pins on the map are stirling and bridge of allan – right on your doorstep! we encourage you to explore your local area. knowing your surroundings, finding hidden gems and learning about the history of the area will all help stirling feel like home to you, whether you’re a first year or returning student. look at all those red dots! of course, this year we must be cautious and safe while taking part in this campaign and you should follow social distancing rules and all government coronavirus guidelines, such as wearing facemasks where appropriate, while you are out taking photographs. we encourage you to walk to locations you wish to photograph, or use the nextbikes which are situated on campus and in stirling rather than take excessive public transport purely for the purposes of this project. walking and cycling will help you to get a better sense of where everything is in relation to where you live and keeping active is beneficial to your mental health and wellbeing. here are your nextbike points on campus where you can pick up a bike to use we hope you’ll join us for this campaign – we have a session planned for - pm on thursday th september on teams where we’ll tell you more about wiki loves monuments and show you how to upload your images. sign up to the session on eventbrite. if you cannot make our own university of stirling session then wikimedia uk have their own training session on the st september which you can join. please note that if you want your photographs to be considered for the competition prizes then they must be submitted before midnight on the th september. photographs in general can be added at any time so you can carry on exploring for as long as you like! finally, just to add a little incentive, this year we’re having a friendly competition between the university of stirling and the university of st andrews students to see who can make the most edits so come along to a training session, pick up some brilliant digital skills and let’s paint the town green! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						what’s the tea? 			 						 				posted on september , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			 katie mccormick, associate dean (she/her/hers) for this post, i interviewed kate mccormick in order to get a better understanding of the dynamics of special collections & archives. katie is one of the associate deans and has been with sca for about nine years now (here’s a video of katie discussing some of our collections on c-span in !). as a vital part of the library, and our leader in special collections & archives, i wanted to get her opinion on how the division has progressed thus far and how they plan to continue to do so in regards to diversity and inclusion.  how would you describe fsu sca when you first started? “…people didn’t feel comfortable communicating [with each other]… there was one person who really wrote for the blog, and maybe it would happen once every couple of months. when i came on board, my general sense was that we were a department and a group of people with a lot of really great ideas and some fantastic materials, who had come a long way from where things has been, but who hadn’t gotten to a place to be able to organize to change more or to really work more as a team… we were definitely valued as (mostly) the fancy crown jewel group. really all that mattered was the stuff… it didn’t matter what we were doing with it.” how do you feel the lapse in communication affected diversity and inclusion? “while i don’t have any direct evidence that it excluded people or helped create an environment that was exclusive, i do know that even with our staff at the time, there were times where it contributed to hostilities, frustrations, an  environment where people didn’t feel able to speak or be comfortable in…everybody just wanted to be comfortable with the people who were just like them that it definitely created some potentially hostile environments. looking back, i recognize what a poor job we did, as a workplace and a community truly being inclusive, and not just in ways that are immediately visible.” how diverse was sca when you started?  “in special collections there was minimal diversity, certainly less than we have now… [for the libraries as a whole] as you go up in classification and pay, the diversity decreases. that was certainly true when i got here and that remains true.” how would you rank sca’s diversity and inclusion when you first started? “…squarely a , possibly in some arenas a . not nothing, but i feel like no one was really thinking of it.” and how would you describe it now? “maybe we’re approaching a , i feel like there’s been progress, but there’s still a long way to go in my opinion.” what are some ways we can start addressing these issues? what are some tangible ways you are planning to enact? “for me, some of the first places [is] forming the inclusive research services task force in special collections, pulling together a group to look at descriptive practices and applications, and what we’re doing with creating coordinated processing workflows. putting these issues on the table from the beginning is really important… right now because we’re primarily in an online environment, i think we have some time to negotiate and change our practices so when we are re-open to the public and people are physically coming in to the spaces, we have new forms, new trainings, people have gone through training that gives them a better sense of identity, communication, diversity.” after my conversation with katie, i feel optimistic about the direction we are heading in. knowing how open special collections & archives is about taking critique and trying to put it into action brought me comfort. i’m excited to see how these concerns are addressed and how the department will be putting dynamic inclusivity, one of florida state university’s core values, at the forefront of their practice. i would like to give a big thank you to katie mccormick for taking the time to do this post with me and for having these conversations! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						friday art blog: terry frost 			 						 				posted on september , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			black and red on blue (screenprint, a/p, ) born in leamington spa, warwickshire, in , terry frost kbe ra did not become an artist until he was in his s. during world war ii, he served in france, the middle east and greece, before joining the commandos. while in crete in june he was captured and sent to various prisoner of war camps. as a prisoner at stalag  in bavaria, he met adrian heath who encouraged him to paint. after the war he attended camberwell school of art and the st. ives school of art and painted his first abstract work in . in he moved to newlyn and worked as an assistant to the sculptor barbara hepworth. he was joined there by roger hilton, where they began a collaboration in collage and construction techniques. in he put on his first exhibition in the usa, in new york, and there he met many of the american abstract expressionists, including marc rothko who became a great friend. terry frost’s career included teaching at the bath academy of art, serving as gregory fellow at the university of leeds, and also teaching at the cyprus college of art. he later became the artist in residence and professor of painting at the department of fine art of the university of reading. orange dusk (lithograph, / , ) frost was renowned for his use of the cornish light, colour and shape. he became a leading exponent of abstract art and a recognised figure of the british art establishment. these two prints were purchased in the early days of the art collection at the beginning of the s. terry frost married kathleen clarke in and they had six children, two of whom became artists, (and another, stephen frost, a comedian). his grandson luke frost, also an artist, is shown here, speaking about his grandfather. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						pidb sets next virtual public meeting for october , 			 						 				posted on september , from transforming classification			 			 					 				 			the public interest declassification board (pidb) has scheduled its next virtual public meeting for wednesday, october , , from : to : p.m.  at the meeting, pidb members will discuss their priorities for improving classification and declassification in the next months. they will also introduce former congressman trey gowdy, who was appointed on august , , to a three-year term on the pidb. a full agenda, as well as information on how to pre-register, and how to submit questions and comments to the pidb prior to the virtual meeting, will be posted soon to transforming classification. the pidb looks forward to your participation in continuing our public discussion of priorities for modernizing the classification system going forward. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						digital collections updates 			 						 				posted on september , from unc greensboro digital collections			 			 					 				 			so as we start a new academic year, we thought this would be a good time for an update on what we’ve been working on recently. digital collections migration: after more than a year’s delay, the migration of our collections into a new and more user-friendly (and mobile-friendly) platform driven by the islandora open-source content management system is in the home stretch. this has been a major undertaking and has given us the opportunity to reassess how our collections work. we hope to be live with the new platform in november. , items (over , digital images) have already been migrated. - projects: we’ve made significant progress on most of this year’s projects (see link for project descriptions), though many of these are currently not yet online pending our migration to the islandora platform: grant-funded projects: 	temple emanuel project: we are working with the public history department and a graduate student in that program. several hundred items have already been digitized and more work is being done. we are also exploring grant options with the temple to digitize more material. 	people not property: nc slave deeds project: we are in the final year of this project funded by the national archives and hope to have it online as part of the digital library on american slavery late next year. we are also exploring additional funding options to continue this work. 	women who answered the call: this project was funded by a clir recordings at risk grant. the fragile cassettes have been digitized and we are midway through the process of getting them online in the new platform. library-funded projects: 	poetas sin fronteras: poets without borders, the scrapbooks of dr. ramiro lagos: these items have been digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	north carolina runaway slaves ads project, phase : work continues on this ongoing project and over ads are now online. this second phase has involved both locating and digitizing/transcribing the ads, and we will soon triple the number of ads done in phase one. we are also working on tighter integration of this project into the digital library on american slavery. 	pride! of the community: this ongoing project stemmed from an neh grant two years ago and is growing to include numerous new oral history interviews and (just added) a project to digitize and display ads from lgbtq+ bars and other businesses in the triad during the s and s. we are also working with two public history students on contextual and interpretive projects based on the digital collection. faculty-involved projects: 	black lives matter collections: this is a community-based initiative to document the black lives matter movement and recent demonstrations and artwork in the area. faculty: dr. tara green (african america and diaspora studies);  stacey krim, erin lawrimore, dr. rhonda jones, david gwynn (university libraries). 	civil rights oral histories: this has become multiple projects. we are working with several faculty members in the media studies department to make these transcribed interviews available online. november is the target. faculty: matt barr, jenida chase, hassan pitts, and michael frierson (media studies); richard cox, erin lawrimore, david gwynn (university libraries). 	oral contraceptive ads: working with a faculty member and a student on this project, which may be online by the end of the year. faculty: dr. heather adams (english); david gwynn and richard cox (university libraries). 	well-crafted nc: work is ongoing and we are in the second year of a uncg p grant, working with a faculty member in eth bryan school and a brewer based in asheboro. faculty: erin lawrimore, richard cox, david gwynn (university libraries), dr. erick byrd (marketing, entrepreneurship, hospitality, and tourism) new projects taken on during the pandemic: 	city of greensboro scrapbooks: huge collection of scrapbooks from the greensboro urban development department dating back to the s. these items have been digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	negro health week pamphlets: s- s pamphlets published by the state of north carolina. these items are currently being digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	clara booth byrd collection: manuscript collection. these items are currently being digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	north carolina speaker ban collection: manuscript collection. these items are currently being digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	mary dail dixon papers: manuscript collection. these items are currently being digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	ruth wade hunter collection: manuscript collection. these items are currently being digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. projects on hold pending the pandemic: 	junior league of greensboro: much of this has already been digitized and will go online when the new platform launches. 	uncg graduate school bulletins: much of this has already been digitized and will go online when the new platform launches.  david gwynn (digitization coordinator, me) offers kudos to erica rau and kathy howard (digitization and metadata technicians); callie coward (special collections cataloging & digital projects library technician); charley birkner (technology support technician); and dr. brian robinson (fellow for digital curation and scholarship) for their great work in very surreal circumstances over the past six months. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						correction: creative fellowship call for proposals 			 						 				posted on september , from notes for bibliophiles			 			 					 				 			we have an update to our last post! we’re still accepting proposals for our creative fellowship… but we’ve decided to postpone both the fellowship and our annual exhibition & program series by six months due to the coronavirus. the annual exhibition will now open on october , (which is months away, but we’re still hard at work planning!). the new due date for fellowship proposals is april , . we’ve adjusted the timeline and due dates in the call for proposals accordingly. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						on this day in the florida flambeau, friday, september , 			 						 				posted on september , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			today in , a disgruntled reader sent in this letter to the editor of the flambeau. in it, the reader describes the outcome of a trial and the potential effects that outcome will have on the city of tallahassee. florida flambeau, september , it is such a beautifully written letter that i still can’t tell whether or not it’s satire. do you think the author is being serious or sarcastic? leave a comment below telling us what you think! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						hartgrove, meriwether, and mattingly 			 						 				posted on september , from the consecrated eminence			 			 					 				 			the past few months have been a challenging time for archivists everywhere as we adjust to doing our work remotely. fortunately, the materials available in amherst college digital collections enable us to continue doing much of our work. back in february, i posted about five black students from the s and s — black men of amherst, -  — and now we’re moving into the early th century. a small clue in the olio has revealed another black student that was not included in harold wade’s black men of amherst. robert sinclair hartgrove (ac ) was known to wade, as was robert mattingly (ac ), but we did not know about robert henry meriwether. these three appear to be the first black students to attend amherst in the twentieth century. robert sinclair hartgrove, class of the text next to hartgrove’s picture in the yearbook gives us a tiny glimpse into his time at amherst. the same yearbook shows hartgrove not just jollying the players, but playing second base for the freshman baseball team during the season. freshman baseball team, the reference to meriwether sent me to the amherst college biographical record, where i found robert henry meriwether listed as a member of the class of . a little digging into the college catalogs revealed that he belongs with the class of . college catalog, - hartgrove and meriwether are both listed as members of the freshman class in the - catalog. the catalog also notes that they were both from washington, dc and the biographical record indicates that they both prepped at howard university before coming to amherst. we find meriwether’s name in the catalog for - , but he did not “pull through” as the olio hopes hartgrove will; meriwether returned to howard university where he earned his llb in . hartgrove also became a lawyer, earning his jb from boston university in and spending most of his career in jersey city, nj. robert nicholas mattingly, class of mattingly was born in louisville, ky in and prepped for amherst at the m street school in washington, dc, which changed its name in to the dunbar school. matt randolph (ac ) wrote “remembering dunbar: amherst college and african-american education in washington, dc” for the book amherst in the world, which includes more details of mattingly’s life. the amherst college archives and special collections reading room is closed to on-site researchers. however, many of our regular services are available remotely, with some modifications. please read our services during covid- page for more information. contact us at archives@amherst.edu. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						democratizing access to our records 			 						 				posted on september , from aotus			 			 					 				 			the national archives has a big, hairy audacious strategic goal to provide public access to million digital copies of our records through our online catalog by fy . when we first announced this goal in , we had less than a million digital copies in the catalog and getting to million sounded to some like a fairy tale. the goal received a variety of reactions from people across the archival profession, our colleagues and our staff. some were excited to work on the effort and wanted particular sets of records to be first in line to scan. some laughed out loud at the sheer impossibility of it. some were angry and said it was a waste of time and money. others were fearful that digitizing the records could take their jobs away. we moved ahead. staff researched emerging technologies and tested them through pilots in order to increase our efficiency. we set up a room at our facilities in college park to transfer our digital copies from individual hard drives to new technology from amazon, known as snowballs. we worked on developing new partnership projects in order to get more records digitized. we streamlined the work in our internal digitization labs and we piloted digitization projects with staff in order to find new ways to get digital copies into the catalog. by , we had million in the catalog. we persisted. in , we added more digital objects, with their metadata, to the catalog in a single year than we had for the preceding decade of the project. late in , we surpassed a major milestone by having more than million digital copies of our records in the catalog. and yes, it has strained our technology. the catalog has developed growing pains, which we continue to monitor and mitigate. we also created new finding aids that focus on digital copies of our records that are now available online: see our record group explorer and our presidential library explorer. so now, anyone with a smart phone or access to a computer with wifi, can view at least some of the permanent records of the u.s. federal government without having to book a trip to washington, d.c. or one of our other facilities around the country. the descriptions of over % of our records are also available through the catalog, so even if you can’t see it immediately, you can know what records exist. and that is convenient for the millions of visitors we get each year to our website, even more so during the pandemic. national archives identifier we are well on our way to million digital copies in the catalog by fy . and yet, with over billion pages of records in our holdings, we know, we have only just begun. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						lola hayes and “tone pictures of the negro in music” 			 						 				posted on august , from nypr archives & preservation			 			 					 				 			lola wilson hayes ( - ) was a highly-regarded african-american mezzo-soprano, wnyc producer, and later, much sought after vocal teacher and coach. a boston native, hayes was a music graduate of radcliffe college and studied voice with frank bibb at baltimore’s peabody conservatory. she taught briefly at a black vocational boarding school in new jersey known as the ‘tuskeegee of the north'[ ] before embarking on a recital and show career which took her to europe and around the united states. during world war ii, she also made frequent appearances at the american theatre wing of the stage door canteen of new york and entertained troops at uso clubs and hospitals. headline from the new york age, august , , pg. . (wnyc archive collections) hayes also made time to produce a short but notable run of wnyc programs, which she hosted and performed on the home front. her november and december broadcasts were part of a rotating half-hour time slot designated for known recitalists. she shared the late weekday afternoon slot with sopranos marjorie hamill, pina la corte, jean carlton, elaine malbin, and the hungarian pianist arpád sándor. hayes’ series, tone pictures of the negro in music, sought to highlight african-american composers and was frequently referred to as the negro in music. the following outline of and broadcasts was pieced together from the wnyc masterwork bulletin program guide and period newspaper radio listings. details on the programs are sparse. we know that hayes’ last broadcast in featured the pianist william duncan allen ( - ) performing they led my lord away by roland hayes and good lord done been here by hall johnson, and a porgy and bess medley by george gershwin. excerpt from “behind the mike,” november/december , wnyc masterwork bulletin. (wnyc archive collections) the show was scheduled again in august as a -minute late tuesday afternoon program and in november that year as a half-hour wednesday evening broadcast. the august programs began with an interview of soprano abbie mitchell ( - ), the widow of composer and choral director will marion cook ( - ). the composer and arranger hall johnson ( - ) was her studio guest the following week. the third tuesday of the month featured pianist jonathan brice performing “songs of young contemporary negro composers,” and the august shows concluded with selections from porgy and bess and cameron jones. the november broadcasts focused on the work of william grant still, “the art songs, spirituals and street cries” of william lawrence, as well as the songs and spirituals of william rhodes, lyric soprano lillian evanti, and baritone harry t. burleigh. hayes also spent airtime on the work of neo-romantic composer and violinist clarence cameron white. the november th program considered “the musical setting of poems by langston hughes and reportedly included the bard himself. “langston hughes was guest of honor and punctuated his interview with a reading from his opera troubled island.”[ ] this was not the first time the poet’s work was the subject of hayes’ broadcast. below is a rare copy of her script from a program airing eight months earlier when she sat in for the regularly scheduled host, soprano marjorie hamill. the script for tone pictures of the negro in music hosted by lola hayes on march , . (image used with permission of van vecten trust and courtesy of the carl van vechten papers relating to african american arts and letters. james weldon johnson collection in the yale collection in the yale collection of american literature, beinecke rare book and manuscript library)[ ] it is unfortunate, but it appears there are no recordings of lola hayes’ wnyc program. we can’t say if that’s because they weren’t recorded or, if they were, the lacquer discs have not survived. we do know that world war ii-era transcription discs, in general, are less likely to have survived since most of them were cut on coated glass, rather than aluminum, to save vital metals for the war effort. after the war, hayes focused on voice teaching and coaching. her students included well-known performers like dorothy rudd moore, hilda harris, raoul abdul-rahim, carol brice, nadine brewer, elinor harper, lucia hawkins, and margaret tynes. she was the first african-american president of the new york singing teachers association (nysta), serving in that post from - . in her later years, she devoted much of her time to the lola wilson hayes vocal artists award, which gave substantial financial aid to young professional singers worldwide.[ ]  ___________________________________________________________ [ ] the manual training and industrial school for colored youth in bordentown, new jersey [ ] “the listening room,” the people’s voice, december , , pg. . the newspaper noted that the broadcast included hall johnson’s mother to son, cecil cohen’s death of an old seaman and florence price’s song to a dark virgin, all presumably sung by host, lola hayes.  troubled island is an opera set in haiti in . it was composed by william grant still with a libretto by langston hughes and verna arvey. [ ] page two of the script notes langston hughes’ grandmother was married to a veteran of the harper’s ferry raid led by abolitionist john brown. indeed, hughes’ grandmother’s first husband was lewis sheridan leary, who was one of brown’s raiders at harper’s ferry. for more on the story please see: a shawl from harper’s ferry. [ ] abdul, raoul, “winners of the lola hayes vocal scholarship and awards,” the new york amsterdam news, february , , pg. . special thanks to valeria martinez for research assistance.   					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						the road to edinburgh 			 						 				posted on august , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			on the th anniversary of the edinburgh commonwealth games newly catalogued collections trace the long road to the first games held in scotland. a handwritten note dated th april sits on the top of a file marked ‘scotland for host’. the document forms part of a series of files recording the planning, organisation and operation of the edinburgh commonwealth games, the first to be held in scotland. written by willie carmichael, a key figure in scotland’s games history, the note sets out his plans to secure the commonwealth games for scotland. he begins by noting that scotland’s intention to host the games was made at a meeting of commonwealth games federations at the melbourne olympic games. carmichael then proceeds to lay out the steps required to make scotland’s case to be the host of the games in or . willie carmichael the steps which carmichael traced out in his note can be followed through the official records and personal papers relating to the games held in the university archives. the recently catalogued administrative papers of commonwealth games scotland for the period provide a detailed account of the long process of planning for this major event, recording in particular the close collaboration with edinburgh corporation which was an essential element in securing the games for scotland (with major new venues being required for the city to host the event). further details and perspectives on the road to the games can be found in the personal papers of figures associated with commonwealth games scotland also held in the university archives including sir peter heatly and willie carmichael himself. the choice of host city for the games was to be made at a meeting held at the games in perth, australia. the first target on carmichael’s plan, the edinburgh campaign put forward its application as host city at a federation meeting held in rome in . a series of press cutting files collected by carmichael trace the campaigns progress from this initial declaration of intent through to the final decision made in perth. documents supporting edinburgh’s bid to host the commonwealth games presented to meetings of the commonwealth games federation in rome ( ) and perth ( ), part of the willie carmichael archive. edinburgh faced competition both within scotland, with the press reporting a rival bid from glasgow, and across the commonwealth, with other nations including jamaica, india and southern rhodesia expressing an interest in hosting the competition. when it came to the final decision in three cities remained in contention: edinburgh, kingston in jamaica, and salisbury in southern rhodesia. the first round of voting saw salisbury eliminated. in the subsequent head-to-head vote kingston was selected as host city for the games by the narrowest of margins ( votes to ). as carmichael had sketched out in his plan if edinburgh failed in its attempt to host the games it would have another opportunity to make its case to hold the event. carmichael and his colleagues travelled to kingston in confident of securing the support required to bring the games to scotland in . in our next blog we’ll look at how they succeeded in making the case for edinburgh. ‘scotland invites’, title page to document supporting edinburgh’s bid to host the commonwealth games (willie carmichael archive). 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						friday art blog: kate downie 			 						 				posted on august , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			 nanbei by kate downie (oil on canvas, ) during a series of visits to china a few years ago, kate downie was brought into contact with traditional ink painting techniques, and also with the china of today. there she encountered the contrasts and meeting points between the epic industrial and epic romantic landscapes: the motorways, rivers, cityscapes and geology – all of which she absorbed and reflected on in a series of oil and ink paintings. as kate creates studies for her paintings in situ, she is very much immersed in the landscapes that she is responding to and reflecting on. the artwork shown above, ‘nanbei’, which was purchased by the art collection in , tackles similar themes to downie’s scottish based work, reflecting both her interest in the urban landscape and also the edges where land meets water. here we encounter both aspects within a new setting – an industrial chinese landscape set by the edge of a vast river. downie is also obsessed with bridges. as well as the bridge that appears in this image, seemingly supported by trees that follow its line, the space depicted forms an unseen bridge between two worlds and two extremes, between epic natural and epic industrial forms. in this imagined landscape, north meets south (nanbei literally means north south) and mountains meet skyscrapers; here both natural and industrial structures dominate the landscape. this juxtaposition is one of the aspects of china that impressed the artist and inspired the resulting work. after purchasing this work by kate downie, the art collection invited her to be one of three exhibiting artists in its exhibition ‘reflections of the east’ in (the other two artists were fanny lam christie and emma scott smith). all artists had links to china, and ‘nanbei’ was central to the display of works in the crush hall that kate had entitled ‘shared vision’. temple bridge (monoprint, ) kate downie studied fine art at gray’s school of art, aberdeen and has held artists’ residencies in the usa and europe. she has exhibited widely and has also taught and directed major art projects. in kate downie travelled to beijing and shanghai to work with ink painting masters and she has since returned there several times, slowly building a lasting relationship with chinese culture. on a recent visit she learned how to carve seals from soapstone, and these red stamps can now be seen on all of her work, including on her print ‘temple bridge’ above, which was purchased by the collection at the end of the exhibition. kate downie recently gave an interesting online talk about her work and life in lockdown. it was organised by the scottish gallery in edinburgh which is currently holding an exhibition entitled ‘modern masters women‘ featuring many women artists. watch kate downie’s talk below: 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						telling untold stories through the emmett till archives 			 						 				posted on august , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			detail of a newspaper clipping from the joseph tobias papers, mss - friday august th marks the th anniversary of the abduction and murder of emmett till. till’s murder is regarded as a significant catalyst for the mid-century african-american civil rights movement. calls for justice for till still drive national conversations about racism and oppression in the united states. in , florida state university (fsu) libraries special collections & archives established the emmett till archives in collaboration with emmett till scholar davis houck, filmmaker keith beauchamp, and author devery anderson. since then, we have continued to build robust research collections of primary and secondary sources related to the life, murder, and commemoration of emmett till. we invite researchers from around the world, from any age group, to explore these collections and ask questions. it is through research and exploration of original, primary resources that till’s story can be best understood and that truth can be shared. “mamie had a little boy…”, from the wright family interview, keith beauchamp audiovisual recordings, mss - fsu special collections & archives. as noted in our emmett till birthday post this year, an interview with emmett till’s family, conducted by civil rights filmmaker keith beauchamp in , is now available through the fsu digital library in two parts. willie wright, thelma wright edwards, and wilma wright edwards were kind enough to share their perspectives with beauchamp and in a panel presentation at the fsu libraries heritage museum that spring. soon after this writing, original audio and video files from the interview will be also be available to any visitor, researcher, or aspiring documentary filmmaker through the fsu digital library. emmett till, december . image from the davis houck papers a presentation by a till scholar in led to renewed contact with and a valuable donation from fsu alum steve whitaker, who in a way was the earliest contributor to emmett till research at fsu. his seminal master’s thesis, completed right here at florida state university, is still the earliest known scholarly work on the kidnapping and murder of till, and was influential on many subsequent retellings of the story. the till archives recently received a few personal items from whitaker documenting life in mid-century mississippi, as well as a small library of books on till, mississippi law, and other topics that can give researchers valuable context for his thesis and the larger till story. in the future, the newly-founded emmett till lecture and archives fund will ensure further opportunities to commemorate till through events and collection development. fsu libraries will continue to partner with till’s family, the emmett till memory project, emmett till interpretive center, the emmett till project, the fsu civil rights institute, and other institutions and private donors to collect, preserve and provide access to the ongoing story of emmett till. sources and further reading fsu libraries. emmett till archives research guide. https://guides.lib.fsu.edu/till wright family interview, keith beauchamp audiovisual recordings, mss - , special collections & archives, florida state university, tallahassee, florida. interview part i: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/fsu_mss - _bd_ interview part ii: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/fsu_mss - _bd_ 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						former congressman trey gowdy appointed to the pidb 			 						 				posted on august , from transforming classification			 			 					 				 			on august , , house minority leader kevin mccarthy (r-ca) appointed former congressman harold w. “trey” gowdy, iii as a member of the public interest declassification board. mr. gowdy served four terms in congress, representing his hometown of spartansburg in south carolina’s th congressional district. the board members and staff welcome mr. gowdy and look forward to working with him in continuing efforts to modernize and improve how the federal government classifies and declassifies sensitive information. mr. gowdy was appointed by the minority leader mccarthy on august , . he is serving his first three-year term on the board. his appointment was announced on august , in the congressional record https://www.congress.gov/ /crec/ / / /crec- - - -house.pdf 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						tracey sterne 			 						 				posted on august , from nypr archives & preservation			 			 					 				 			in november of , an item appeared in the new york times -and it seemed all of us in new york (and elsewhere) who were interested in music, radio, and culture in general, saw it:  “teresa sterne,” it read, “who in years helped build the nonesuch record label into one of the most distinguished and innovative in the recording industry, will be named director of music programming at wnyc radio next month.” the piece went on to promise that ms. sterne, under wnyc’s management, would be creating “new kinds of programming -including some innovative approaches to new music and a series of live music programs.”  this was incredible news. sterne, by this time, was a true cultural legend. she was known not only for those years she’d spent building nonesuch, a remarkably smart, serious, and daring record label —but also for how it had all ended, with her sudden dismissal from that label by elektra, its parent company (whose own parent company was warner communications), two years earlier. the widely publicized outrage over her termination from nonesuch included passionate letters of protest from the likes of leonard bernstein, elliott carter, aaron copland —only the alphabetical beginning of a long list of notable musicians, critics and journalists who saw her firing as a sharp blow to excellence and diversity in music. but the dismissal stood.  by coincidence, only three weeks before the news of her hiring broke, i had applied for a job as a part-time music-host at wnyc. steve post, a colleague whom i’d met while doing some producing and on-air work at new york’s decidedly non-profit pacifica station, wbai, had come over from there to wnyc, a year before, to do the weekday morning music and news program. “fishko,” he said to me, “they need someone on the weekends -and i think they want a woman.” my day job of longstanding was as a freelance film editor, but i wanted to keep my hand in the radio world. weekends would be perfect. in two interviews with executives at wnyc, i had failed to impress. but now i could feel hopeful about making a connection to ms. sterne, who was a music person, as was i.  soon after her tenure began, i threw together a sample tape and got it to her through a contact on the inside. and she said, simply: yeah, let’s give her a chance. and so it began.  tracey—the name she was called by all friends and colleagues — seemed, immediately, to be a fascinating, controversial character: she was uniquely qualified to do the work at hand, but at the same time she was a fish out of water. she was un-corporate, not inclined to be polite to the young executives upstairs, and not at all enamored of current trends or audience research. for this we dearly loved her, those of us on the air. she cared how the station sounded, how the music connected, how the information about the music surrounded it. her preoccupations seemed, even then, to be of the old school. but she was also fiercely modern in her attitude toward the music, unafraid to mix styles and periods, admiring of new music, up on every instrumentalist and conductor and composer, young, old, avant-garde, traditional. and she had her own emphatic and impeccable taste. always the best, that was her motto —whatever it is, if it’s great, or even just extremely good, it will distinguish itself and find its audience, she felt.  tracey sterne, age , rehearsing for a tchaikovsky concerto performance at wnyc in march . (finkelstein/wnyc archive collections) she had developed her ear and her convictions, as it turned out, as a musician, having been a piano prodigy who performed at madison square garden at age . she went on to a debut with the new york philharmonic, gave concerts at lewisohn stadium and the brooklyn museum, and so on. i could relate. though my gifts were not nearly at her level, i, too, had been a dedicated, early pianist and i, too, had looked later for other ways to use what i’d learned at the piano keyboard. and our birthdays were on the same date in march. so, despite being at least a couple of decades apart in age, we bonded.  tracey’s tenure at wnyc was fruitful, though not long. as she had at nonesuch, she embraced ambitious and adventurous music programming. she encouraged some of the on-air personalities to express themselves about the music, to “personalize” the air, to some degree. that was also happening in special programs launched shortly before she arrived as part of a new music initiative, with john schaefer and tim page presenting a range of music way beyond the standard classical fare. and because of tracey’s deep history and contacts in the new york music business, she forged partnerships with music institutions and found ways to work live performances by individual musicians and chamber groups into the programming. she helped me carve out a segment on air for something we called great collaborations, a simple and very flexible idea of hers that spread out to every area of music and made a nice framework for some observations about musical style and history. she loved to talk (sometimes to a fault) and brainstorm about ways to enliven the idea of classical music on the radio, not something all that many people were thinking about, then.  but management found her difficult, slow and entirely too perfectionistic. she found management difficult, slow and entirely too superficial. and after a short time, maybe a year, she packed up her sneakers —essential for navigating the unforgiving marble floors in that old place— and left the long, dusty hallways of the municipal building.  after that, i occasionally visited tracey’s house in brooklyn for events which i can only refer to as “musicales.” her residence was on the upper west side, but this family house was treated as a country place, she’d go on the weekends. she’d have people over, they’d play piano, and sing, and it might be william bolcom and joan morris, or some other notables, spending a musical and social afternoon. later, she and i produced a big, new york concert together for the th birthday of domenico scarlatti –which exact date fell on a saturday in . “scarlatti saturday,” we called it, with endless phone-calling, musician-wrangling and fundraising needed for months to get it off the ground.  the concert itself, much of which was also broadcast on wnyc, went on for many hours, with appearances by some of the finest pianists and harpsichordists in town and out, lines all up and down broadway to get into symphony space.  throughout, tracey was her incorruptible self — and a brilliant organizer, writer, thinker, planner, and impossibly driven producing-partner.  i should make clear, however, that for all her knowledge and perfectionistic, obsessive behavior, she was never the cliche of the driven, lonely careerist -or whatever other cliche you might want to choose. she was a warm, haimish person with friends all over the world, friends made mostly through music. a case in point: the “scarlatti saturday” event was produced by the two of us on a shoestring. and tracey, being tracey, she insisted that we provide full musical and performance information in printed programs, offered free to all audience members, and of course accurate to the last comma. how to assure this? she quite naturally charmed and befriended the printer — who wound up practically donating the costly programs to the event. by the time we were finished she was making him batches of her famous rum balls and he was giving us additional, corrected pages —at no extra charge. it was not a calculated maneuver -it was just how she did things.  you just had to love and respect her for the life force, the intelligence, the excellence and even the temperament she displayed at every turn. sometimes even now, after her death many years ago at from als, i still feel tracey sterne’s high standards hanging over me —in the friendliest possible way. ___________________________________________ sara fishko hosts wnyc’s culture series, fishko files. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						heroes work here 			 						 				posted on august , from aotus			 			 					 				 			the national archives is home to an abundance of remarkable records that chronicle and celebrate the rich history of our nation. it is a privilege to be archivist of the united states—to be the custodian of our most treasured documents and the head of an agency with such a unique and rewarding mission. but it is my greatest privilege to work with such an accomplished and dedicated staff—the real treasures of the national archives go home at night. today i want to recognize and thank the mission-essential staff of nara’s national personnel records center (nprc). like all nara offices, the nprc closed in late march to protect its workforce and patrons from the spread of the pandemic and comply with local government movement orders. while modern military records are available electronically and can be referenced remotely, the majority of nprc’s holdings and reference activity involve paper records that can be accessed only by on-site staff. furthermore, these records are often needed to support veterans and their families with urgent matters such as medical emergencies, homeless veterans seeking shelter, and funeral services for deceased veterans. concerned about the impact a disruption in service would have on veterans and their families, over staff voluntarily set aside concerns for their personal welfare and regularly reported to the office throughout the period of closure to respond to these types of urgent requests. these exceptional staff were pioneers in the development of alternative work processes to incorporate social distancing and other protective measures to ensure a safe work environment while providing this critical service. national personnel records center (nprc) building in st. louis the center is now in phase one of a gradual re-opening, allowing for additional on-site staff.  the same group that stepped up during the period of closure continues to report to the office and are now joined by additional staff volunteers, enabling them to also respond to requests supporting employment opportunities and home loan guaranty benefits. there are now over staff supporting on-site reference services on a rotational basis. together they have responded to over , requests since the facility closed in late march. more than half of these requests supported funeral honors for deceased veterans. with each passing day we are a day closer to the pandemic being behind us. though it may seem far off, there will come a time when covid- is no longer the threat that it is today, and the pandemic of will be discussed in the context of history. when that time comes, the mission essential staff of nprc will be able to look back with pride and know that during this unprecedented crisis, when their country most needed them, they looked beyond their personal well-being to serve others in the best way they were able. as archivist of the united states, i applaud you for your commitment to the important work of the national archives, and as a navy veteran whose service records are held at nprc, i thank you for your unwavering support to america’s veterans. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						contribute to the fsu community covid project 			 						 				posted on august , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			 masks sign, contributed by lorraine mon, view this item in the digital library here students, faculty, and alumni! heritage & university archives is collecting stories and experiences from the fsu community during covid- . university life during a pandemic will be studied by future scholars. during this pandemic, we have received requests surrounding the flu pandemic. unfortunately, not many documents describing these experiences survive in the archive.  to create a rich record of life in these unique times we are asking the fsu community to contribute their thoughts, experiences, plans, and photographs to the archive. working from home, contributed by shaundra lee, view this time in the digital library here how did covid- affect your summer? tell us about your plans for fall. how did covid- change your plans for classes? upload photographs of your dorm rooms or your work from home set ups. if you’d like to see examples of what people have already contributed, please see the collection on diginole. you can add your story to the project here. 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						 creative fellowship – call for proposals 			 						 				posted on august , from notes for bibliophiles			 			 					 				 			 ppl is now accepting proposals for our creative fellowship! we’re looking for an artist working in illustration or two-dimensional artwork to create new work related to the theme of our exhibition, tomboys. view the full call for proposals, including application instructions, here. the application deadline is october , april , *. *this deadline has shifted since we originally posted this call for proposals! the fellowship, and the exhibition & program series, have both been shifted forward by six months due to the coronavirus. updated deadlines and timeline in the call for proposals! 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						friday art blog: still life in the collection 			 						 				posted on august , from culture on campus			 			 					 				 			welcome to our new regular blog slot, the ‘friday art blog’. we look forward to your continued company over the next weeks and months. you can return to the art collection website here, and search our entire permanent collection here. pears by jack knox (oil on board, ) this week we are taking a look at some of the still life works of art in the permanent collection. ‘still life’ (or ‘nature morte’ as it is also widely known) refers to the depiction of mostly inanimate subject matter. it has been a part of art from the very earliest days, from thousands of years ago in ancient egypt, found also on the walls in st century pompeii, and featured in illuminated medieval manuscripts. during the renaissance, when it began to gain recognition as a genre in its own right, it was adapted for religious purposes. dutch golden age artists in particular, in the early th century, depicted objects which had a symbolic significance. the still life became a moralising meditation on the brevity of life. and the vanity of the acquisition of possessions. but, with urbanization and the rise of a middle class with money to spend, it also became fashionable simply as a celebration of those possessions – in paintings of rare flowers or sumptuous food-laden table tops with expensive silverware and the best china. the still life has remained a popular feature through many modern art movements. artists might use it as an exercise in technique (much cheaper than a live model), as a study in colour, form, or light and shade, or as a meditation in order to express a deeper mood. or indeed all of these. the works collected by the university of stirling art collection over the past fifty years reflect its continuing popularity amongst artists and art connoisseurs alike. bouteille et fruits by henri hayden (lilthograph, / , ) in the modern era the still life featured in the post impressionist art of van gogh, cezanne and picasso. henri hayden trained in warsaw, but moved to paris in where cezanne and cubism were influences. from he rejected this aesthetic and developed a more figurative manner, but later in life there were signs of a return to a sub-cubist mannerism in his work, and as a result the landscapes and still lifes of his last years became both more simplified and more definitely composed than the previous period, with an elegant calligraphy. they combine a new richness of colour with lyrical melancholy. meditation and purity of vision mark the painter’s last years. black lace by anne redpath (gouache, ) anne redpath is best known for her still lifes and interiors, often with added textural interest, and also with the slightly forward-tilted table top, of which this painting is a good example. although this work is largely monochrome it retains the fascination the artist had in fabric and textiles – the depiction of the lace is enhanced by the restrained palette. untitled still life by euan heng (linocut, / , ) while euan heng’s work is contemporary in practice his imagery is not always contemporary in origin. he has long been influenced by italian iconography, medieval paintings and frescoes. origin of a rose by ceri richards (lithograph, / , ) in ceri richards’ work there is a constant recurrence of visual symbols and motifs always associated with the mythic cycles of nature and life. these symbols include rock formations, plant forms, sun, moon and seed-pods, leaf and flower. these themes refer to the cycle of human life and its transience within the landscape of earth. still life, summer by elizabeth blackadder (oil on canvas, ) this is a typical example of one of elizabeth blackadder’s ‘flattened’ still life paintings, with no perspective. works such as this retain the form of the table, with the top raised to give the fullest view. broken cast by david donaldson (oil on canvas , ) david donaldson was well known for his still lifes and landscape paintings as well as literary, biblical and allegorical subjects. flowers for fanny by william mactaggart oil on board, william mactaggart typically painted landscapes, seascapes and still lifes featuring vases of flowers. these flowers, for his wife, fanny aavatsmark, are unusual for not being poppies, his most commonly painted flower. cake by fiona watson (digital print, / , ) we end this blog post with one of the most popular still lifes in the collection. this depiction of scottish classic the tunnock’s teacake is a modern take on the still life. it is a firm favourite whenever it is on display. image by julie howden 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						solar energy: a brief look back 			 						 				posted on august , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			 in the early ’s the united states was in the midst of an energy crisis. massive oil shortages and high prices made it clear that alternative ideas for energy production were needed and solar power was a clear front runner. the origins of the solar cell in the united states date back to inventor charles fritz in the ’s, and the first attempts at harvesting solar energy for homes, to the late ’s. in , the state of florida put it’s name in the ring to become the host of the national solar energy research institute. site proposal for the national solar energy research institute. claude pepper papers s. b. f. with potential build sites in miami and cape canaveral, the latter possessing the added benefit of proximity to nasa, the florida solar energy task force, led by robert nabors and endorsed by representative pepper, felt confident. the state made it to the final rounds of the search before the final location of golden, colorado was settled upon, which would open in . around this same time however ( ), the florida solar energy center was established at the university of central florida. the claude pepper papers contain a wealth of information on florida’s efforts in the solar energy arena from the onset of the energy crisis, to the late ’s. carbon copy of correspondence between claude pepper and robert l. nabors regarding the cape canaveral proposed site for the national solar research institute. claude pepper papers s. b. f. earlier this year, “tallahassee solar ii”, a new solar energy farm, began operating in florida’s capitol city.  located near the tallahassee international airport, it provides electricity for more than , homes in the leon county area. with the steady gains that the state of florida continues to make in the area of solar energy expansion, it gets closer to fully realizing its nickname, “the sunshine state.” 					 		 		 						 link to post 		 | 									 				language: english			 									 			 					 	 				 					 	 		 						(c)istory lesson 			 						 				posted on august , from illuminations			 			 					 				 			 our next submission is from rachel duke, our rare books librarian, who has been with special collections for two years. this project was primarily geared towards full-time faculty and staff, so i chose to highlight her contribution to see what a full-time faculty’s experience would be like looking through the catalog. frontispiece and title page, salome, . image from https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/ / the item she chose was salome, originally written in french by oscar wilde, then translated into english, as her object. while this book does not explicitly identify as a “queer text,” wilde has become canonized in queer historical literature. in the first edition of the book, there is even a dedication to his lover, lord alfred bruce douglas, who helped with the translation. while there are documented historical examples of what we would refer to today as “queerness,” (queer meaning non-straight) there is still no demarcation of his queerness anywhere in the catalog record. although the author is not necessarily unpacking his own queer experiences in the text, “both [salome’s] author and its legacy participate strongly in queer history” as duke states in her submission.  oscar wilde and lord alfred bruce douglas even though wilde was in a queer relationship with lord alfred bruce douglas, and has been accepted into the queer canon, why doesn’t his catalog record reflect that history? well, a few factors come into play. one of the main ones is an aversion to retroactively labeling historical figures. since we cannot confirm which modern label would fit wilde, we can’t necessarily outright label him as gay. how would a queer researcher like me go about finding authors and artists from the past who are connected with queer history? it is important to acknowledge lgbtq+ erasure when discussing this topic. since the lgbtq+ community has historically been marginalized, documentation of queerness is hard to come by because: 	people did not collect, and even actively erased, queer and trans histories. 	lgbtq+ history has been passed down primarily as an oral tradition.  	historically, we cannot confirm which labels people would have identified with. 	language and social conventions change over time. so while we view and know someone to be queer, since it is not in official documentation we have no “proof.” on the other hand, in some cultures, gay relations were socially acceptable. for example, in the middle ages, there was a legislatively approved form of same-sex marriage, known as affrèrement. this example is clearly labeled as *gay* in related library-based description because it was codified that way in the historical record. by contrast, shakespeare’s sonnets, which (arguably) use queer motifs and themes, are not labeled as “queer” or “gay.” does queer content mean we retroactively label the author queer? does the implication of queerness mean we should make the text discoverable under queer search terms? cartoon depicting oscar wilde’s visit to san francisco. by george frederick keller – the wasp, march , . personally, i see both sides. as someone who is queer, i would not want a random person trying to retroactively label me as something i don’t identify with. on the other hand, as a queer researcher, i find it vital to have access to that information. although they might not have been seen as queer in their time period, their experiences speak to queer history. identities and people will change, which is completely normal, but as a group that has experienced erasure of their history, it is important to acknowledge all examples of historical queerness as a proof that lgbtq+ individuals have existed throughout time. how do we responsibly and ethically go about making historical queerness discoverable in our finding aids and catalogs? click here to see some more historical figures you might not have known were lgbtq+. 					 		 		 						 link 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open source experts full-service open source library services provider 	equinox transitions to nonprofit to benefit libraries equinox transitions to nonprofit to benefit libraries for immediate release duluth, georgia, january , &# ; on january , , equinox software, inc., the premiere support and service provider for the evergreen integrated library system, became equinox open library initiative inc., a nonprofit corporation serving libraries, archives, museums, and other cultural institutions. this change comes [&# ;] 	burnham joins bibliomation with equinox support for immediate release duluth, georgia&# ;december , the partnership between equinox and bibliomation continues to grow as burnham library was successfully migrated to evergreen in mid-november.  burnham is a single branch library located in bridgewater, connecticut.  burnham serves just over , patrons with over , holdings.  this migration follows milford library’s successful migration in september. [&# ;] 	pocono mountain public library joins spark/pails for immediate release duluth, georgia&# ;november , equinox is pleased to announce that spark is growing again!  pocono mountain public library in tobyhanna, pennsylvania migrated to evergreen in early november.  they join eastern monroe to form the monroe county libraries.  spark is managed by pennsylvania integrated library system and has been using evergreen since . [&# ;] 	computer paper topics user and prototyping experience screening instrument canvasflip raises $ . m from bessemer since it basically introduced its financing of $ . million from venture partners, a silicon valley based venture capitalist, september was a big evening for canvasflip canvasflip is just a -centered prototyping and simplicity -testing point. this software permits ux teams, item managers, [&# ;] 	welcome, andrea! equinox is excited to announce the newest member of our team:  andrea buntz neiman!  andrea has filled the position of project manager for software development and began work this week.  in her new role, she will coordinate with customers, developers, and other stakeholders to make sure everyone stays on the same page about development projects. [&# ;] 	new additions to spark/pails for immediate release duluth, georgia&# ;october , equinox is pleased to announce two new additions to the spark/pails consortium.  claysburg area public library, hollidaysburg area public library, martinsburg community library, roaring spring community library, tyrone-snyder public library, and williamsburg pa public library; affectionately known as the blair county &# ;bc for short; joined altoona and bellwood-antis [&# ;] 	tips on how-to remain structured in the workplace wish to move? swift was reported since the apple&# ;s new programming language. this modern language was a step forward in the objectivec counterpart. in this procedure mohammad azam may include the new features put into the fast . vocabulary which include mistake- method extensions, handling, guard, replicate promises and availability apis. swift . has dramatically [&# ;] 	welcome, terri! equinox is pleased to announce that we have hired a new office manager.  her name is terri harry and we couldn’t be more thrilled to have her on board!  terri is local to the metro atlanta area and started work in august. terri completed her associate’s degree in liberal arts in from polk community [&# ;] 	milford joins bibliomation with equinox support for immediate release duluth, georgia&# ;september , bibliomation has partnered with equinox on many occasions over the years.  equinox is pleased to announce the completion of a project with the connecticut-based organization.  milford public library was successfully migrated to evergreen in late august.  this was a joint effort between equinox and bibliomation. milford public library [&# ;] 	new addition for virginia evergreen for immediate release duluth, georgia&# ;september , equinox is happy to announce that yet another library has successfully migrated to virginia evergreen.  halifax county south boston-public library system is the ninth library system to join virginia evergreen which boasts close to thirty branches in total.  halifax county-south boston includes two branches:  halifax public library and [&# ;] warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". did you mean to use "continue "? in /kunden/ _ /jakoblog.de/wp/wp-content/plugins/mendeleyplugin/wp-mendeley.php on line 	 	 		jakoblog — das weblog von jakob voß 	 	 			 					blog 	about 			 		 	 	 			 	 		 		 		 		 				 			 				erster expliziter entwurf einer digitalen bibliothek ( ) 				 . märz um : kommentare 						 			ich recherchiere (mal wieder) zu digitalen bibliotheken und habe mich gefragt, wann der begriff zum ersten mal verwendet wurde. laut google books taucht (nach aussortieren falsch-positiver treffer) „digital library“ erstmals in einem bericht für das us-außenministerium auf. die bibliographischen daten habe ich bei wikidata eingetragen. der bericht „the need for fundamental research in seismology“ wurde damals erstellt um zu untersuchen wie mit seismischen wellen atomwaffentests erkannt werden können. in anhang legte john gerrard, einer von vierzehn an der studie beteiligten wissenschaftler, auf zwei seiten den bedarf an einem rechenzentrum mit einem ibm rechner dar. da das us-regierungsdokument gemeinfrei ist hier die entsprechenden seiten: bei der geplanten digitalen bibliothek handelt es sich um eine sammlung von forschungsdaten mitsamt wissenschaftlicher software um aus den forschungsdaten neue erkenntnisse zu gewinnen: the following facilities should be available: 	a computer equivalent to the ibm series, plus necessary peripheral equipment. 	facilities for converting standard seismograms into digital form. 	a library of records of earthquakes and explosions in form suitable for machine analysis. 	a (growing) library of basic programs which have proven useful in investigations of seismic disturbances and related phenomena. 	… klingt doch ziemlich aktuell, oder? gefallen hat mir auch die beschreibung des rechenzentrums als „open shop“ und der hinweis „nothing can dampen enthusiasm for new ideas quite as effectively as long periods of waiting time“. die bezeichnung „digital library“ bezieht sich in dem text primär auf die sammlung von digitalisierten seimsmogrammen. am ende der empfehlung wird abweichend der begriff „digitized library“ verwendet. dies spricht dafür dass beide begriffe synonym verwendet wurden. interessanterweise bezieht sich „library“ aber auch auf die sammlung von computerprogrammen. ob das empfohlene rechenzentrum mit digitaler bibliothek realisiert wurde konnte ich leider nicht herausfinden (vermutlich nicht). zum autor dr. john gerrard ist mir nicht viel mehr bekannt als dass er als director of data systems and earth science research bei texas instruments (ti) arbeitete. ti wurde als „geophysical service incorporated“ zur seismischen erkundung von erdöllagerstätten gegründet und bekam den regierungsauftrag zur Überwachung von kernwaffentests (projekt vela uniform). an gerrard erinnert sich in diesem interview ein ehemaliger kollege: john gerrard: into digital seismology, and he could see a little bit of the future of digital processing and he talked about how that could be effective in seismology, he was right that this would be important in seismology in birmingham gibt es einen geologen gleichen namens, der ist aber erst geboren. ich vermute dass gerrard bei ti an der entwicklung des texas instruments automatic computer (tiac) beteiligt war, der speziell zur digitalen verarbeitung seismischer daten entwickelt wurde. der einsatz von computern in klassischen bibliotheken kam übrigens erst mit der nächsten rechner-generation: das marc-format wurde in den ern mit dem ibm system/ entwickelt (von henriette avram, die zuvor bei der nsa auch mit ibm gearbeitet hatte). davor gabe es den fiktiven bibliotheks-computer emmarac (angelehnt an eniac und univac) in „eine frau, die alles weiß“ mit katharine hepburn als bibliothekarin und spencer tracy als computervertreter. bis ende der er taucht der begriff „digital library“ bei google books übrigens nur vereinzelt auf. 							 		 tags: digital library, geschichte 		 kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				data models age like parents 				 . märz um : keine kommentare 						 			denny vrandečić, employed as ontologist at google, noticed that all six of of six linked data applications linked to years ago (iwb, tabulator, disko, marbles, rdfbrowser , and zitgist) have disappeared or changed their calling syntax. this reminded me at a proverb about software and data: software ages like fish, data ages like wine. ‏ the original form of this saying seems to come from james governor (@monkchips) who in derived it from from an earlier phrase: hardware is like fish, operating systems are like wine. the analogy of fishy applications and delightful data has been repeated and explained and criticized several times. i fully agree with the part about software rot but i doubt that data actually ages like wine (i’d prefer whisky anyway). a more accurate simile may be „data ages like things you put into your crowded cellar and then forget about“. thinking a lot about data i found that data is less interesting than the structures and rules that shape and restrict data: data models, ontologies, schemas, forms etc. how do they age compared with software and data? i soon realized: data models age like parents. first they guide you, give good advise, and support you as best as they can. but at some point data begin to rebel against their models. sooner or later parents become uncool, disconnected from current trends, outdated or even embarrassing. eventually you have to accept their quaint peculiarities and live your own life. that’s how standards proliferate. both ontologies and parents ultimately become weaker and need support. and in the end you have to let them go, sadly looking back. (the analogy could further be extended, for instance data models might be frustrated confronted by how actual data compares to their ideals, but that’s another story) 							 		 tags: data modeling 		keine kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				in memoriam ingetraut dahlberg 				 . oktober um : kommentare 						 			die informationswissenschaftlerin ingetraut dahlberg, bekannt unter anderem als gründerin der international society for knowledge organization (isko), ist letzte woche im alter von jahren verstorben. meine erste reaktion nach einem angemessenen bedauern war es in wikipedia und in wikidata das sterbedatum einzutragen, was jedoch schon andere erledigt hatten. also stöberte ich etwas im lebenslauf, und legte stattdessen wikidata-items zum mcluhan institute for digital culture and knowledge organization an, dem dahlberg schon zu lebzeiten ihre bibliothek vermacht hat, das aber bereits wieder geschlossen wurde. der ehemalige direktor kim veltman betreibt noch eine webseite zum institut und nennt in seinen memoiren ingetraut dahlberg, douglas engelbart, ted nelson und tim berners lee in einem atemzug. das sollte eigentlich grund genug sein, mich mit der frau zu beschäftigen. wenn ich ehrlich bin war mein verhältnis zu ingetraut dahlberg allerdings eher ein distanziert-ignorantes. ich wusste um ihre bedeutung in der „wissensorganisation-szene“, der ich zwangsläufig auch angehöre, bin ihr aber nur ein oder zwei mal auf isko-tagungen begegnet und hatte auch nie interesse daran mich mehr mit ihr auseinanderzusetzen. als „junger wilder“ schien sie mir immer wie eine person, deren zeit schon lange vorbei ist und deren beiträge hoffnungslos veraltet sind. dass alte ideen auch im rahmen der wissensorganisation keineswegs uninteressant und irrelevant sind, sollte mir durch die beschäftigung mit ted nelson und paul otlet eigentlich klar sein; irgendwie habe ich aber bisher nie einen anknüpfungspunkt zu dahlbergs werk gefunden. wenn ich zurückblicke muss der auslöser für meine ignoranz in meiner ersten begegnung mit vertreter*innen der wissensorganisation auf einer isko-tagung anfang der er jahre liegen: ich war damals noch frischer student der bibliotheks- und informationswissenschaft mit informatik-hintergrund und fand überall spannende themen wie wikipedia, social tagging und ontologien, die prinzipiell alle etwas mit wissensorganisation zu tun hatten. bei der isko fand ich dagegen nichts davon. das internet schien jedenfalls noch sehr weit weg. erschreckend fand ich dabei weniger das fehlen inhaltlicher auseinandersetzung mit den damals neuesten entwicklungen im netz sondern die formale fremdheit: mehrere der beteiligten wissenschaftler*innen hatten nach meiner erinnerung nicht einmal eine email-adresse. menschen, die sich anfang der er jahre ohne email mit information und wissen beschäftigten konnte ich einfach nicht ernst nehmen. so war die isko in meiner ignoranz lange ein relikt, das ähnlich wie die international federation for information and documentation (fid, warum haben die sich eigentlich nicht zusammengetan?) auf tragische weise von der technischen entwicklung überholt wurde. und ingetraut dahlberg stand für mich exemplarisch für dieses ganze scheitern einer zunft. inzwischen sehe ich es etwas differenzierter und bin froh teil dieser kleinen aber feinen fachcommunity zu sein (und wenn die isko endlich auf open access umstellt, werde ich auch meinen publikations-boycott aufgeben). in jedem fall habe ich ingetraut dahlberg unrecht getan und hoffe auf differenziertere auseinandersetzungen mit ihrem werk. 							 		 tags: nachruf 		 kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				wikidata documentation on the hackathon in vienna 				 . mai um : kommentare 						 			at wikimedia hackathon , a couple of volunteers sat together to work on the help pages of wikidata. as part of that wikidata documentation sprint. ziko and me took a look at the wikidata glossary. we identified several shortcomings and made a list of rules how the glossary should look like. the result are the glossary guidelines. where the old glossary partly replicated wikidata:introduction, the new version aims to allow quick lookup of concepts. we already rewrote some entries of the glossary according to these guidelines but several entries are outdated and need to be improved still. we changed the structure of the glossary into a sortable table so it can be displayed as alphabetical list in all languages. the entries can still be translated with the translation system (it took some time to get familiar with this feature). we also created some missing help pages such as help:wikimedia and help:wikibase to explain general concepts with regard to wikidata. some of these concepts are already explained elsewhere but wikidata needs at least short introductions especially written for wikidata users. image taken by andrew lih (cc-by-sa) 							 		 tags: wikidata, wmhack 		 kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				introduction to phabricator at wikimedia hackathon 				 . mai um : kommentar 						 			this weekend i participate at wikimedia hackathon in vienna. i mostly contribute to wikidata related events and practice the phrase "long time no see", but i also look into some introductionary talks. in the late afternoon of day one i attended an introduction to phabricator project management tool given by andré klapper. phabricator was introduced in wikimedia foundation about three years ago to replace and unify bugzilla and several other management tools. phabricator is much more than an issue tracker for software projects (although it is mainly used for this purpose by wikimedia developers). in summary there are tasks, projects, and teams. tasks can be tagged, assigned, followed,discussed, and organized with milestones and workboards. the latter are kanban-boards like those i know from trello, waffle, and github project boards. phabricator is open source so you can self-host it and add your own user management without having to pay for each new user and feature (i am looking at you, jira). internally i would like to use phabricator but for fully open projects i don’t see enough benefit compared to using github. p.s.: wikimedia hackathon is also organized with phabricator. there is also a task for blogging about the event. 							 		 tags: wikimedia, wmhack 		 kommentar 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				some thoughts on iiif and metadata 				 . mai um : keine kommentare 						 			yesterday at dini ag kim workshop i martin baumgartner and stefanie rühle gave an introduction to the international image interoperability framework (iiif) with focus on metadata. i already knew that iiif is a great technology for providing access to (especially large) images but i had not have a detailed look yet. the main part of iiif is its image api and i hope that all major media repositories (i am looking at you, wikimedia commons) will implement it. in addition the iiif community has defined a „presentation api“, a „search api“, and an „authentication api“. i understand the need of such additional apis within the iiif community, but i doubt that solving the underlying problems with their own standards (instead of reusing existing standards) is the right way to go. standards should better „do one thing and do it well“ (unix philosophy). if images are the „one thing“ of iiif, then search and authentication are different matter. in the workshop we only looked at parts of the presentation api to see where metadata (creator, dates, places, provenance etc. and structural metadata such as lists and hierarchies) could be integrated into iiif. such metadata is already expressed in many other formats such as mets/mods and tei so the question is not whether to use iiif or other metadata standards but how to connect iiif with existing metadata standards. a quick look at the presentation api surprised me to find out that the metadata element is explicitly not intended for additional metadata but only „to be displayed to the user“. the element contains an ordered list of key-value pairs that „might be used to convey the author of the work, information about its creation, a brief physical description, or ownership information, amongst other use cases“. at the same time the standard emphasizes that „there are no semantics conveyed by this information“. hello, mcfly? without semantics conveyed it isn’t information! in particular there is no such thing as structured data (e.g. a list of key-value pairs) without semantics. i think the design of field metadata in iiif is based on a common misconception about the nature of (meta)data, which i already wrote about elsewhere (sorry, german article – some background in my phd and found by ballsun-stanton). in a short discussion at twitter rob sanderson (getty) pointed out that the data format of iiif presentation api to describe intellectual works (called a manifest) is expressed in json-ld, so it can be extended by other rdf statements. for instance the field „license“ is already defined with dcterms:rights. addition of a field „author“ for dcterms:creator only requires to define this field in the json-ld @context of a manifest. after some experimenting i found a possible way to connect the „meaningless“ metadata field with json-ld fields: { "@context": [ "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/ /context.json", { "author": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator", "bibo": "http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/" } ], "@id": "http://example.org/iiif/book /manifest", "@type": ["sc:manifest", "bibo:book"], "metadata": [ { "label": "author", "property": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator", "value": "allen smithee" }, { "label": "license", "property": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/license", "value": "cc-by . " } ], "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ . /", "author": { "@id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/q ", "label": "allen smithee" } } this solution requires an additional element property in the iiif specification to connect a metadata field with its meaning. iiif applications could then enrich the display of metadata fields for instance with links or additional translations. in json-ld some names such as „cc-by . “ and „allen smithee“ need to be given twice, but this is ok because normal names (in contrast to field names such as „author“ and „license“) don’t have semantics. 							 		 tags: iiif, metadata 		keine kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				ersatzteile aus dem d-drucker 				 . dezember um : kommentar 						 			krach, zack, bumm! da liegt die jalousie unten. ein kleinen plastikteil ist abgebrochen, das wäre doch ein prima anwendungsfall für einen d-drucker, oder? schön länger spiele ich mit dem gedanken, einen d-drucker anzuschaffen, kann aber nicht so recht sagen, wozu eigentlich. die herstellung von ersatzteilen aus dem d-drucker scheint mir allerdings eher so ein versprechen zu sein wie der intelligente kühlschrank: theoretisch ganz toll aber nicht wirklich praktisch. es würde mich vermutlich stunden kosten, das passende teil auf diversen plattformen wie thingiverse zu finden oder es mit cad selber zu konstruieren. ohne verlässliche d-modelle bringt also der beste d-drucker nichts, deshalb sind die geräte auch nur ein teil der lösung zur herstellung von ersatzteilen. ich bezweifle sehr dass in naher zukunft hersteller d-modelle ihrer produkte zum download anbieten werden, es sei denn es handelt sich um open hardware. abgesehen von elektronischen bastelprojekten ist das angebot von open-hardware-produkten für den hausgebrauch aber noch sehr überschaubar. dennoch denke ich, dass open hardware, das heisst produkte deren baupläne frei lizensiert zur kostenlosen verfügung stehen, sowie standardisierte bauteile das einzig richtige für den einsatz von d-druckern im hausgebrauch sind. ich werde das problem mit der kaputten jalousie erstmal mit analoger technik angehen und schauen, was ich so an passenden materialien und werkzeugen herumliegen habe. vielleicht hilft ja gaffer tape? 							 		 tags: d-drucker, maker, open hardware 		 kommentar 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				einfachste projekthomepage bei github 				 . september um : kommentar 						 			die einfachste form einer projekthomepage bei github pages besteht aus einer startseite, die lediglich auf das repository verweist. lokal lässt sich eine solche seite so angelegen: . erstellung des neuen, leeren branch gh-pages: git checkout --orphan gh-pages git rm -rf . . anlegen der datei index.md mit folgendem inhalt: --- --- # {{site.github.project_title}} [{{site.github.repository_url}}]({{site.github.repository_url}}#readme). . hinzufügen der datei und push nach github git add index.md git commit -m "homepage" git push origin gh-pages 							 		 tags: github 		 kommentar 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				abbreviated uris with rdfns 				 . september um : kommentare 						 			working with rdf and uris can be annoying because uris such as „http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title“ are long and difficult to remember and type. most rdf serializations make use of namespace prefixes to abbreviate uris, for instance „dc“ is frequently used to abbreviate „http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /“ so „http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title“ can be written as qualified name „dc:title„. this simplifies working with uris, but someone still has to remember mappings between prefixes and namespaces. luckily there is a registry of common mappings at prefix.cc. a few years ago i created the simple command line tool rdfns and a perl library to look up uri namespace/prefix mappings. meanwhile the program is also available as debian and ubuntu package librdf-ns-perl. the newest version (not included in debian yet) also supports reverse lookup to abbreviate an uri to a qualified name. features of rdfns include: look up namespaces (as rdf/turtle, rdf/xml, sparql…) $ rdfns foaf.ttl foaf.xmlns dbpedia.sparql foaf.json @prefix foaf: . xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/ . /" prefix dbpedia: "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/ . /" expand a qualified name $ rdfns dc:title http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title lookup a preferred prefix $ rdfns http://www.w .org/ / /geo/wgs _pos# geo create a short qualified name of an url $ rdfns http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title dc:title i use rdf-ns for all rdf processing to improve readability and to avoid typing long uris. for instance catmandu::rdf can be used to parse rdf into a very concise data structure: $ catmandu convert rdf --file rdfdata.ttl to yaml 							 		 tags: perl, rdf 		 kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 				 			 				das wissen der welt 				 . august um : kommentare 						 			denny vrandečić, einer der köpfe hinter semantic mediawiki und wikidata, hat eine clevere metrik vorgeschlagen um den erfolg der wikimedia-projekte zu messen. die tätigkeit und damit das ziel der wikimedia-foundation wurde von jimbo wales so ausgedrückt: imagine a world in which every single person on the planet is given free access to the sum of all human knowledge. that’s what we’re doing. in wikiquote wird dieser bekannte ausspruch momentan folgendermaßen übersetzt: „stell dir eine welt vor, in der jeder mensch auf der erde freien zugang zum gesamten menschlichem wissen hat. das ist, was wir machen.“ wie lässt sich nun aber quantifizieren, zu welchem grad das ziel erreicht ist? so wie ich es verstanden (und in meine worte übersetzt) habe, schlägt denny folgendes vor: für jedem menschen auf der welt gibt es theoretisch eine zahl zwischen null und eins, die angibt wieviel vom gesamten wissens der welt („the sum of all human knowledge“) diesem menschen durch wikimedia-inhalte zugänglich ist. der wert lässt sich als prozentzahl des zugänglichen weltwissens interpretieren – da sich wissen aber kaum so einfach messen und vergleichen lässt, ist diese interpretation problematisch. der wert von eins ist utopisch, da wikipedia & co nicht alles wissen der welt enthält. für menschen ohne internet-zugang kann der wert aber bei null liegen. selbst mit zugang zu wikipedia ist die zahl bei jedem menschen eine andere, da nicht alle inhalte in allen sprachen vorhanden sind und weil viele inhalte ohne vorwissen unverständlich und somit praktisch nicht zugänglich sind. die zahlen der individuellen zugänglichkeit des weltwissens lassen sich nun geordnet in ein diagram eintragen, das von links (maximales wissen) nach rechts (kein wissen durch zugänglich) alle menschen aufführt. wie denny an folgendem bild ausführt, kann die wikimedia-community ihrem weg auf verschiedenen wegen näher kommen: ( ) der ausbau von vielen artikeln in einem komplexen spezialgebiet oder einer kleinen sprache kommt nur wenigen menschen zu gute. ( ) stattdessen könnten auch die wichtigsten artikel bzw. themen in sprachen verbessert und ergänzt werden, welche von vielen menschen verstanden werden. ( ) schließlich kann wikimedia auch dafür sorgen, dass mehr menschen einen zugang zu den wikimedia-ihren inhalten bekommen – zum beispiel durch initiativen wie wikipedia zero ich halte die von denny vorgeschlagene darstellung für hilfreich um über das einfache zählen von wikipedia-artikeln hinauszukommen. wie er allerdings selber zugibt, gibt es zahlreiche offene fragen da sich die tatsächlichen zahlen der verfügbarkeit von wissen nicht einfach ermitteln lassen. meiner meinung nach liegt ein grundproblem darin, dass sich wissen – und vor allem das gesamte wissen der menschheit – nicht quantifizieren lässt. es ist auch irreführend davon auszugehen, dass die wikimedia-produkte wissen sammeln oder enthalten. möglicherweise ist dieser irrtum für die metrik egal, nicht aber für das was eigentlich gemessen werden soll (zugänglichkeit des wissens der welt). falls wikimedia an einem unverstelltem blick auf die frage interessiert ist, wieviel des wissens der menschheit durch ihre angebote den menschen zugänglich gemacht wird, könnte es helfen mal einige philosophen und philosophinnen zu fragen. ganz im ernst. mag sein (und so vermute ich mit meinem abgebrochenen philosophie-studium), dass am ende lediglich deutlich wird, warum dass ganze wikimedia-projekt nicht zu realisieren ist; selbst erkenntnisse über mögliche gründe dieses scheitern wären aber hilfreich. vermutlich ist es aber zu verpönt, philosophen ernsthaft um rat zu fragen oder die verbliebenen philosophen beschäftigen sich lieber mit anderen fragen. p.s: eine weitere relevante disziplin zur beantwortung der frage wieviel wissen der welt durch wikipedia & co der menschheit zugänglich gemacht wird, ist die pädagogik, aber da kenne ich mich noch weniger aus als mit der philosophie. 							 		 tags: freie inhalte, wikipedia, wissensordnung 		 kommentare 		 			 		 			 				 					 		 		nächste seite » 		 		 				 					 				 				neueste beiträge 			 					erster expliziter entwurf einer digitalen bibliothek ( ) 									 	 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Überwachungsstaat blogroll 		planet biblioblog . 	planet code lib 	planet wikimedia (de) feeds 				 	 		 siehe auch 				 	 powered by wordpress with theme based on pool theme and silk icons. entries and comments feeds. valid xhtml and css. ^top^ open source exile open source exile an open sourcer in exile tuesday, march #christchurchmosqueshootings this post is a personal reflection on the recent events in christchurch. many people have proposed different responses making some very good points. here are my thoughts: 	racism and bigotry has never been solved by wagging fingers at bigots. it has been solved by empowering the targets and systematically calling out minor acts of racism and bigotry so it becomes de-normalised. there have been lots of great suggestions as to how to empowering the targets in the last couple of days; listen to the targets on how they need to be empowered, not a white guy like me. 	enact a law that permanently raises the new zealand refugee quota automatically in response to anti-immigrant hate crimes (starting with the christchurch incident). this explicitly and clearly makes anti-immigrant hate crimes’ primary motivation self-defeating. doubling our quote also raises it in line with international norms. 	ban the commercial trading of firearms, moving their import to the not-for-profit sector (i.e. gun clubs) or to a personal activity. this removes the incentives behind the current gun city advertisements and tempers commercial incentives for importing guns. 	introduce a systematic buy-back program for weapons (guns, replica swords, etc). 	make owning a gun an inconvenience, doubly so in urban areas. this likely involves significantly tightening the licencing requirements (restricting types of guns, requiring advanced first aid and similar courses, etc) and random checks on licensees’ secure lockup measures, etc. it may also involve requiring licensees to report shooting trips, shooting range visits, etc, etc. done right, this may even have the side-effect of improving our conservation efforts by getting a better idea of who’s shooting what introduced and native animals 	gun range licenses should be managed in a similar way to alcohol licenses, with renewals, public notifications etc. 	update the rules around legal deposit so that when organisations and publishers selectively remove or update content from their websites they are required to notify the national library and that national library can broadcast this taken-down content. this attempts to preserve the public record by amplifying the streisand effect; efforts by public figures to sanitise their pasts without public apology need to be resisted. 	if we’re orchestrating large-scale take-downs of offensive new zealand content (such as videos of shooters shooting people) from the web, we need to reconcile this with certain statutory duties, such as the requirement that the national library collect and archive new zealand web content. collecting and archiving such offensive material may sound bizarre, but not doing so leaves us open to the kinds of revisionism that appears to fuel this kind of behaviour. 	if we’re going to continue to have religious education / schooling, it needs to address issues of religious hate rather than being a covert recruitment operation as it appears to be at the moment. 	we need to ask ourselves whether some of our brands (particularly sports brands) need to change their branding. the most effective way is probably the christchurch city council drafting a bylaw saying that local sports people and teams using it’s facilities must be named after animals with no negative connotations, with a limited year exception for existing teams to meet their contractual obligations. other councils would soon follow and giving a realistic time frame for renaming allows for planning around merchandising, team apparel and so forth. 	have an explicit fund for public actors (museums, galleries, libraries, academics, tohunga, imams, etc) to generate ‘content’ (everything from peer review papers to museum experiences, from school teaching resources to te ara articles, from poetry competitions to murals) on some of the deeper issues here. there’s a great need for young and old to engage with these issues, now and in the decades to come. 	find ways to amplify minority / oppressed voices. in theory blogs and social media were meant to be a way that we could find and the media pick up on theses voices in times like these, but across many media outlets this is manifestly not happening. we’re seeing straight white males write that new zealand has no discrimination problems and editors sending those pieces to print. we’re seeing ‘but he was such a nice young man’ stories. it’s no coincidence that the media outlets and pundits that are doing this are largely the same ones who have previously be accused of racism. we need to find ways to fix this, if necessary leveraging advertisers and/or adding conditions to spectrum licenses. 	we need to seriously reflect on whether an apology is needed in relation to the new zealand police raids, which now stand in a new light. the law of unintended consequences means that there will be side effects. the most obvious two from this list may be increased barriers to recreational gun clubs (including olympic pistol shooting, which is pretty hard to argue isn’t a genuine sport, but which has never really been all that big in new zealand) and the decreased amateur shooting of pest species (deer, pig, etc) on public conservation land (which is a more serious issue). posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: monday, october how would we know when it was time to move from tei/xml to tei/json? this post inspired by tei next by hugh cayless. how would we know when it was time to move from tei/xml to tei/json? if we stand back and think about what it is we (the tei community) need from the format : 	a common format for storing and communicating texts and augmentations of texts (transcriptions, manuscript description, critical apparatus, authority control, etc, etc.). 	a body of documentation for shared use and understanding of that format. 	a method of validating texts in the format as being in the format. 	a method of transforming texts in the format for computation, display or migration. 	the ability to reuse the work of other communities so we don't have to build everything for ourselves (unicode, ietf language tags, uris, parsers, validators, outsourcing providers who are tooled up to at least have a conversation about what we're trying to do, etc) [everyone will have their slightly different priorities for a list like this, but i'm sure we can agree that a list of important functionality could be drawn up and expanded to requirements list at a sufficiently granular level so we can assess different potential technologies against those items. ]  if we really want to ponder whether tei/json is the next step after tei/xml we need to compare the two approaches against such as list of requirements. personally i'm confident that tei/xml will come out in front right now. whether javascript has potential to replace xslt as the preferred method for really exciting interfaces to tei/xml docs is a much more open question, in my mind.   that's not to say that the criticisms of xml aren't true (they are) or valid (they are) or worth repeating (they are), but perfection is commonly the enemy of progress. posted by stuart yeates at : comments: sunday, october whither tei? the next thirty years this post is a direct response to some of the organisational issues raised in https://scalablereading.northwestern.edu/?p= i completely agree that we need to significantly broaden the base of the tei. a x campaign is a great idea, but better is a , x goal, or a , x goal. if we can reduce the cost to the normal range of a hardback text, most libraries will have delegated signing authority to individuals in acquisitions and only one person will need to be convinced, rather than a chain of people. but how could we scale , institutions? to scale like that, we to think (a) in terms of scale and (b) in terms of how to make it easy for members to be a part of us. scale ( ) a recent excellent innovation in the the tei community has been the appointment of a social media coordinator. this is a great thing and i’ve certainly learnt about happenings i would not have otherwise been exposed to. but by nature the concept of ‘a social media coordinator’ can’t scale (one person in one time zone with one set of priorities...). if we look at what mature large-scale open projects do for social media (debian, wikimedia, etc), planets are almost always part of the solution. a planet for tei might include (in no particular): 	 x blog feeds from tei-specific projects 	 x blog feeds from tei-using projects (limited to those posts tagged tei) 	 x rss feed for changes to the tei wiki (limited to one / day each) 	 x rss feed for jenkins server (limited to successful build only; limited to one / day each; tweaked to include full context and links) 	 x rss feeds for github repositories not covered by jenkins server (limited to one / day each) 	 x rss feeds for other sundry repositories (limited to one / day each) 	 x blog feeds from tei-people (limited to those posts tagged tei) 	 x rss feeds from tei-people’s zotero bibliographic databases (limited to those bibs tagged tei; limited to one / day each) 	 x rss feed for official tei news 	 x rss feed of edits for the tei article on each language wikipedia (limited to one / day each) 	 x rss feed of announcements from the jtei 	 x rss feed of new papers in the jtei 	… the diversity of the planet would be incredible compared to current views of the tei community and it’s all generated as a byproduct of what people are already doing. there might be some pressure to improve commit messages in some repos, but that might not be all bad. of course the whole planet is available as an rss feed and there are rss-to-facebook (and twitter, yammer, etc) converters if you wish to do tei in your favourite social media. if the need for a curated facebook feed remains, there is now a diverse constant feed of items to select within. this is a social media approach at scale. scale ( ) there is an annual international conference which is great to attend. there is a perception that engagement in the tei community requires attendance at the said conference. it’s a huge barrier to entry to small projects, particularly those in far-away places (think global south / developing world / etc). the tei community should seriously consider a policy for decision making that explicitly removes assumptions about attendances. something as simple as requiring draft papers intended for submission and agendas to be published and days in advance of meetings and a notice to be posted to tei-l. that would allow for thoughtful global input, scaling community from those who can attend an annual international conference to a wider group of people who care about the tei and have time to contribute. make it easy ( ) libraries (at least the library i work in and libraries i talk to) buy resources based on suggestions and lobbying by faculty but renew resources based largely on usage. if we want , libraries to have tei on automatic renewal we need usage statistics. the players in the field are sushi and counter (sushi is a harvesting system for counter). maybe the tei offers members stats at diverse tei-using sites. it’s not clear to me without deep investigation whether the tei could offer these stats to members at very little on-going cost to us, but it would be a member benefit that all acquisitions librarians, their supervisors and their auditors could understand and use to evaluate their tei membership subscription. i believe that that comparison would be favourable. of course, the tei-using sites generating the traffic are going to want at least some cut of the subs, even if it’s just a discount against their own membership (thus driving the number of participating sites up and the perceived member benefits up) and free support for the stats-generating infrastructure. for the sake of clarity: i’m not suggesting charging for access to content, i’m suggesting charging institutions for access to statistics related to access to the content by their users. make it easy ( ) academics using computers for research, whether or not they think or call the field digital humanities face a relatively large number of policies and rules imposed by their institutions, funders and governments. the tei community can / should be selling itself as he approach to meet these. 	copyright issues? have some corpora that are available under a cc license. 	need to prove academic outputs are archivable? here’s the pronom entry (note: i’m currently working on this) 	management doesn’t think the department as the depth of tei experience to enroll phds in tei-centric work? here’s a map of global tei people to help you find local backups in case staff move on. 	looking for a tei consultant? a different facet of the same map gives you what you need. 	you’re a random academic who knows nothing about the tei but assigned a tei-centric paper as part of a national research assessment exercise? here’s an outline of tei’s academic credentials. 	.... make it easy ( ) librarians love quality marc / marcxml records. many of us have quality marc / marcxml records for our tei-based web content. might this be offered as a member benefit? make it easy ( ) as far as i can tell the tei community makes very little attempt to reach out to academic communities other than ‘literature departments and cognate humanities disciplines’ attracting a more diverse range of skills and academics will increase our community in depth and breadth. outreach could be: 	something like css zen garden http://www.csszengarden.com/ only backed by tei rather than html 	a list of ‘hard problems’ that we face that various divergent disciplines might want to set as second or third year projects. each problem would have a brief description of the problem, pointers to things like: 	transformation for display for documents have five foot levels of footnotes, multiple obscure scripts, non-unicode characters, and so forth. 	schema / odd auto-generation from a corpus of documents 	... 	engaging with a group like http://software-carpentry.org/ to ubiquify tei training 	.. end note i'm not advocating that any particular approach is the cure-all for everything that might be ailing the tei community, but the current status-quo is increasingly seeming like benign neglect. we need to change the way we think about tei as a community. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: tuesday, october thoughts on the ndfnz wikipedia panel last week i was on an ndfnz wikipedia panel with courtney johnston, sara barham and mike dickison. having reflected a little and watched the youtube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= b x sqo ua i've got some comments to make (or to repeat, as the case may be). many people, including apparently including courtney, seemed to get the most enjoyment out of writing the ‘body text’ of articles. this is fine, because the body text (the core textual content of the article) is the core of what the encyclopaedia is about. if you can’t be bothered with wikiprojects, categories, infoboxes, common names and wikidata, you’re not alone and there’s no reason you need to delve into them to any extent. if you start an article with body text and references that’s fine; other people will to a greater or less extent do that work for you over time. if you’re starting a non-trivial number of similar articles, get yourself a prototype which does most of the stuff for you (i still use https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/user:stuartyeates/sandbox/academicbio which i wrote for doing new zealand women academics). if you need a prototype like this, feel free to ask me. if you have a list of things (people, public art works, exhibitions) in some machine readable format (excel, csv, etc) it’s pretty straightforward to turn them into a table like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:wikiproject_new_zealand/requested_articles/craft#proposed_artists or https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/enjoy_public_art_gallery send me your data and what kind of direction you want to take it. if you have a random thing that you think needs a wikipedia article, add to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:wikiproject_new_zealand/requested_articles  if you have a hundred things that you think need articles, start a subpage, a la https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:wikiproject_new_zealand/requested_articles/craft and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:wikiproject_new_zealand/requested_articles/new_zealand_academic_biographies both completed projects of mine. sara mentioned that they were thinking of getting subject matter experts to contribute to relevant wikipedia articles. in theory this is a great idea and some famous subject matter experts contributed to britannica, so this is well-established ground. however, there have been some recent wikipedia failures particularly in the sciences. people used to ground-breaking writing may have difficulty switching to a genre where no original ideas are permitted and everything needs to be balanced and referenced. preparing for the event, i created a list of things the awesome dowse team could do as follow-ups to they craft artists work, but we never got to that in the session, so i've listed them here: 	[[list of public art in lower hutt]] since public art is out of copyright, someone could spend a couple of weeks taking photos of all the public art and creating a table with clickable thumbnail, name, artist, date, notes and gps coordinates. could probably steal some logic from somewhere to make the table convertible to a set of points inside a gps for a tour. 	publish from their archives a complete list of every exhibition ever held at the dowse since founding. each exhibition is a shout-out to the artists involved and the list can be used to check for potentially missing wikipedia articles. 	digitise and release photos taken at exhibition openings, capturing the people, fashion and feeling of those era. the hard part of this, of course, is labelling the people. 	reach out to their broader community to use the dowse blog to publish community-written obituaries and similar content (i.e. encourage the generation of quality secondary sources). 	engage with your local artists and politicians by taking pictures at dowse events, uploading them to commons and adding them to the subjects’ wikipedia articles—have attending a dowse exhibition opening being the easiest way for locals to get a new wikipedia image. i've not listed the 'digitise the collections' option, since at the end of the day, the value of this (to wikipedia) declines over time (because there are more and more alternative sources) and the price of putting them online declines. i'd much rather people tried new innovative things when they had the agility and leadership that lets them do it, because that's how the community as a whole moves forward. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: wikipedia thursday, october feedback on nlnz ‘digitalnz concepts api‘ this blog post is feedback on a recent blog post ‘introducing the digitalnz concepts api’ http://digitalnz.org/blog/posts/introducing-the-digitalnz-concepts-api by the national library of new zealand’s digitalnz team. some of the feedback also rests on conversations i've had with various nlnz staffers and other interested parties and a great stack of my own prejudices. i've not actually generated an api key and run the thing, since i'm currently on parental leave. 	parts of the concepts api look very much like authority control, but authority control is not mentioned in the blog post or the docs that i can find. it may be that there are good reasons for this (such as parallel comms in the pipeline for the authority control community) but there are also potentially very worrying reasons. clarity is needed here when the system goes live. 	all the urls in examples are http, but the ala’s freedom to read statement requires all practical measures be taken to ensure the confidentiality of the reader’s searching and reading. thus, if the api is to be used for real-time searching, https urls must be an option.  	there is insufficient detail of of the identifiers in use. if i'm building a system to interoperate with the concepts api, which identifiers should i be keeping at my end to identify things that the digitalnz end? the clearer this definition is, the more robust this interoperability is likely to be, there’s a very good reason for the highly structured formats of identifiers such as isni and isbn. if nothing else a regexp would be very useful. personally i’d recommend browsing around http://id.loc.gov/ a little and rethinking the url structure too. 	there needs to be an insanely clear statement on the exact relationship between digitalnz concepts and those authority control systems mapped into viaf. both digitalnz concepts and viaf are semi-automated authority matching systems and if we’re not carefully they’ll end up polluting each other (as for example, dnb already has with gender data).  	deep interoperability is going to require large-scale matching of digitalnz concepts with things in a wide variety of glam collections and incorporating identifiers into those collections’ metadata. that doesn't appear possible with the current licensing arrangements. maybe a flat-file dump (csv or json) of all the concepts under a cc license? urls to rights-obsessed partners could be excluded. 	if non-techies are to understand concepts, http://api.digitalnz.org/concepts/ is going to have to provide human-comprehensible content without an api key (i’m guessing that this is going to happen when it comes out of beta?) 	mistakes happen (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:viaf/errors for recently found errors in viaf, for example). there needs to be a clear contact point and likely timescale for getting errors fixed.  having said all that, it looks great! posted by stuart yeates at : comments: monday, july bibframe adrian pohl ‏wrote some excellent thoughts about the current state of bibframe at http://www.uebertext.org/ / /name-authority-files-linked-data.html the following started as a direct response but, after limiting myself to where i felt i knew what i was talking about and felt i was being constructive, turned out to be much much narrower in scope. my primary concern in relation to bibframe is interlinking and in particular authority control. my concern is that a number of the players (bibframe, isni, gnd, orcid, wikipedia, etc) define key concepts differently and that without careful consideration and planning we will end up muddying our data with bad mappings. the key concepts in question are those for persons, names, identities, sex and gender (there may be others that i’m not aware of). let me give you an example. in the th century there was a mass creation of male pseudonyms to allow women to publish novels. a very few of these rose to such prominence that the authors outed themselves as women (think currer bell), but the overwhelming majority didn’t. in the late th and early st centuries, entries for the books published were created in computerised catalogue systems and some entries found their way into the gnd. my understanding is that the gnd assigned gender to entries based entirely on the name of the pseudonym (i’ll admit i don’t have a good source for that statement, it may be largely parable). when a new public-edited encyclopedia based on reliable sources called wikipedia arose, the gnd was very successfully cross-linked with wikipedia, with hundreds of thousands of articles were linked to the catalogues of their works. information that was in the gnd was sucked into a portion of wikipedia called wikidata. a problem now arose: there were no reliable sources for the sex information in gnd that had been sucked wikidata by gnd, the main part of wikipedia (which requires strict sources) blocked itself from showing wikidata sex information. a secondary problem was that the gnd sex data was in iso format (male/female/unknown/not applicable) whereas wikipedia talks not about sex but gender and is more than happy for that to include fa'afafine and similar concepts. fortunately, wikidata keeps track of where assertions come from, so the sex info can, in theory, be removed; but while people in wikipedia care passionately about this, no one on the wikidata side of the fence seems to understand what the problem is. stalemate. there were two separate issues here: a mismatch between the person in wikipedia and the pseudonym (i think) in gnd; and a mismatch between a cataloguer-assigned iso value and a free-form self-identified value.  the deeper the interactions between our respective authority control systems become, the more these issues are going to come up, but we need them to come up at the planning and strategy stages of our work, rather than halfway through (or worse, once we think we’ve finished). my proposed solution to this is examples: pick a small number of ‘hard cases’ and map them between as many pairs of these systems as possible. the hard cases should include at least: charlotte brontë (or similar); a contemporary author who has transitioned between genders and published broadly similar work under both identities; a contemporary author who publishes in different genre using different identities; ... the cases should be accompanied by instructions for dealing with existing mistakes found (and errors will be found, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:viaf/errors for some of the errors recently found during he wikipedia/viaf matching). if such an effort gets off the ground, i'll put my hand up to do the wikipedia component (as distinct from the wikidata component). posted by stuart yeates at : comments: labels: bibframe, gnd, linked data, viaf, wikipedia wednesday, june a wikipedia strategy for the royal society of new zealand over the last hours i’ve had a very unsatisfactory conversation with the individual(s) behind the @royalsocietynz twitter account regarding wikipedia. rather than talk about what went wrong, i’d like to suggest a simple strategy that builds the society’s causes in the long term. first up, our resources: we have three wikipedia pages strongly related the society, royal society of new zealand, rutherford medal (royal society of new zealand) and hector memorial medal; we have a twitter account that appears to be widely followed; we have some employee of rsnz with no apparent wikipedia skills wanting to use wikipedia to advance the public-facing causes of the society, which are: “to foster in the new zealand community a culture that supports science, technology, and the humanities, including (without limitation)—the promotion of public awareness, knowledge, and understanding of science, technology, and the humanities; and the advancement of science and technology education: to encourage, promote, and recognise excellence in science, technology, and the humanities” the first thing to notice is that promoting the society is not a cause of the society, so no effort should be expending polishing the royal society of new zealand article (which would also breach wikipedia’s conflict of interest guidelines). the second thing to notice is that the two medal pages contain long lists of recipients, people whose contributions to science and the humanities in new zealand are widely recognised by the society itself. this, to me, suggests a strategy: leverage @royalsocietynz’s followers to improve the coverage of new zealand science and humanities on wikipedia: 	once a week for a month or two, @royalsocietynz tweets about a medal recipient with a link to their wikipedia biography. in the initial phase recipients are picked with reasonably comprehensive wikipedia pages (possibly taking steps to improve the gender and racial demographic of those covered to meet inclusion targets). by the end of this part followers of @royalsocietynz have been exposed to wikipedia biographies of new zealand people. 	in the second part, @royalsocietynz still tweets links to the wikipedia pages of recipients, but picks ‘stubs’ (wikipedia pages with little or almost no actual content). tweets could look like ‘hector medal recipient xxx’s biography is looking bare. anyone have secondary sources on them?’ in this part followers of @royalsocietynz are exposed to wikipedia biographies and the fact that secondary sources are needed to improve them. hopefully a proportion of @royalsocietynz’s followers have access to the secondary sources and enough crowdsourcing / generic computer confidence to jump in and improve the article. 	in the third part, @royalsocietynz picks recipients who don’t yet have a wikipedia biography at all. rather than linking to wikipedia, @royalsocietynz links to an obituary or other biography (ideally two or three) to get us started. 	in the fourth part @royalsocietynz finds other new zealand related lists and get the by-now highly trained editors to work through them in the same fashion. this strategy has a number of pitfalls for the unwary, including: 	wikipedia biographies of living people (blps) are strictly policed (primarily due to libel laws); the solution is to try new and experimental things out on the biographies of people who are safely dead. 	copyright laws prevent cut and pasting content into wikipedia; the solution is to encourage people to rewrite material from a source into an encyclopedic style instead. 	recentism is a serious flaw in wikipedia (if the society is years old, each of those decades should be approximately equally represented; coverage of recent political machinations or triumphs should not outweigh entire decades); the solution is to identify sources for pre-digital events and promote their use. 	systematic bias is an on-going problem in wikipedia, just as it is elsewhere; a solution in this case might be to set goals for coverage of women, māori and/or non-science academics; another solution might be for the society to trawl it's records and archives lists of  minorities to publish digitally. 	everything on wikipedia needs to be based on significant coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the subject; the solution is to start with the sources first. conflict of interest statement: i’m a high-active editor on wikipedia and am a significant contributor to all many of the wikipedia articles linked to from this post. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: friday, december prep notes for ndf demonstration i didn't really have a presentation for my demonstration at the ndf, but the event team have asked for presentations, so here are the notes for my practice demonstration that i did within the library. the notes served as an advert to attract punters to the demo; as a conversation starter in the actual demo and as a set of bookmarks of the urls i wanted to open. depending on what people are interested in, i'll be doing three things *) demonstrating basic editing, perhaps by creating a page from the requested articles at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:wikiproject_new_zealand/requested_articles *) discussing some of the quality control processes i've been involved with (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wikipedia:articles_for_deletion and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/new_pages_patrol) *) discussing how wikipedia handles authority control issues using redirects (https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/wikipedia:redirect ) and disambiguation (https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/wikipedia:disambiguation ) i'm also open to suggestions of other things to talk about. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: ndf, wikipedia thursday, december metadata vocabularies lodlam nz cares about at today's lodlam nz, in wellington, i co-hosted a vocabulary schema / interoperability session. i kicked off the session with a list of the metadata schema we care about and counts of how many people in the room cared about it. here are the results: library of congress / naco name authority list māori subject headings library of congress subject headings sonz linnean getty thesauri marsden research subject codes / anzrsc codes scot iwi hapū list australian pictorial thesaurus powerhouse object names thesaurus mesh this straw poll naturally only reflects on the participants who attended this particular session and counting was somewhat haphazard (people were still coming into the room), but is gives a sample of the scope. i don't recall whether the heading was "metadata we care about" or "vocabularies we care about," but it was something very close to that. posted by stuart yeates at : comments: wednesday, november unexpected advice during the ndf today i was in "digital initiatives in māori communities" put on the the talented honiana love and claire hall from the te reo o taranaki charitable trust about their work on he kete kōrero. at the end i asked a question "most of us [the audience] are in institutions with te reo māori holdings or cultural objects of some description. what small thing can we do to help enable our collections for the iwi and hapū source communities? use māori subject headings? the iwi / hapū list? geotagging? ..." quick-as-a-blink the response was "geotagging." if i understood the answer (given mainly by honiana) correctly, the point was that geotagging is much more useful because it's much more likely to be done right in contexts like this. presumably because geotagging lends itself to checking, validation and visualisations that make errors easy to spot in ways that these other metadata forms don't; it's better understood by those processing the documents and processing the data. i think it's fabulous that we're getting feedback from indigenous groups using information systems in indigenous contexts, particularly feedback about previous attempts to cater to their needs. if this is the experience of other indigenous groups, it's really important. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: māori, metadata, ndf saturday, november goodbye 'social-media' world you may or may not have noticed, but recently a number of 'social media' services have begun looking and working very similarly. facebook is the poster-child, followed by google+ and twitter. their modus operandi is to entice you to interact with family-members, friends and acquaintances and then leverage your interactions to both sell your attention advertisers and entice other members of you social circle to join the service. there are, naturally, a number of shiny baubles you get for participating it the sale of your eyeballs to the highest bidder, but recently i have come to the conclusion that my eyeballs (and those of my friends, loved ones and colleagues) are worth more. i'll be signing off google plus, twitter and facebook shortly. i my return for particular events, particularly those with a critical mass the size of jupiter, but i shall not be using them regularly. i remain serenely confident that all babies born in my extended circle are cute, i do not need to see their pictures. i will continue using other social media as before (email, wikipedia, irc, skype, etc) as usual. my deepest apologies to those who joined at least party on my account. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: facebook, social network, twitter sunday, november recreational authority control over the last week or two i've been having a bit of a play with ngā Ūpoko tukutuku / the māori subject headings (for the uninitiated, think of the widely used library of congress subject headings, done post-colonial and bi-lingually but in the same technology) the main thing i've been doing is trying to munge the msh into wikipedia (wikipedia being my addiction du jour). my thinking has been to increase the use of msh by taking it, as it were, to where the people are. i've been working with the english language wikipedia, since the māori language wikipedia has fewer pages and sees much less use. my first step was to download the msh in marc xml format (available from the website) and use xsl to transform it into a wikipedia table (warning: large page). when looking at that table, each row is a subject heading, with the first column being the the te reo māori term, the second being permutations of the related terms and the third being the scope notes. i started a discussion about my thoughts (warning: large page) and got a clear green light to create redirects (or 'related terms' in librarian speak) for msh terms which are culturally-specific to māori culture. i'm about % of the way through the terms of the msh and have redirects in the newly created category:redirects from māori language terms. that may sound pretty average, until you remember that institutions are increasingly rolling out tools such as summon, which use wikipedia redirects for auto-completion, taking these mappings to the heart of most māori speakers in higher and further education. i don't have a time-frame for the redirects to appear, but they haven't appeared in otago's summon, whereas redirects i created ~ two years ago have; type 'jack yeates' and pause to see it at work. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: tuesday, august thoughts on "letter about the tei" from martin mueller thoughts on "letter about the tei" from martin mueller note: i am a member of the tei council, but this message is should be read as personal position at the time of writing, not a council position, nor the position of my employer. reading martin's missive was painful. i should have responded earlier, i think perhaps i was hoping someone else could say what i wanted to say and i could just say "me too." they haven't so i've become the someone else. i don't think that martin's "fairly radical model" is nearly radical enough. i'd like to propose a significantly more radical model as strawman: ) the tei shall maintain a document called the 'the tei principals.' the purpose of the tei is to advance the tei principals. ) institutional membership of the tei is open to groups which publish, collect and/or curate documents in formats released by the tei. institutional membership requires members acknowledge the tei principals and permits the members to be listed at http://www.tei-c.org/activities/projects/ and use the tei logos and branding. ) individual membership of the tei is open to individuals; individual membership requires members acknowledge the tei principals and subscribe to the tei mailing list at http://listserv.brown.edu/?a =tei-l. ) all business of the tei is conducted in public. business which needs be conducted in private (for example employment matters, contract negotiation, etc) shall be considered out of scope for the tei. ) changes to the structure of the tei will be discussed on the tei mailing list and put to a democratic vote with a voting period of at least one month, a two-thirds majority of votes cast is required to pass a motion, which shall be in english. ) groups of members may form for activities from time-to-time, such as members meetings, summer schools, promotions of the tei or collective digitisation efforts, but these groups are not the tei, even if the word 'tei' appears as part of their name. i'll admit that there are a couple of issues not covered here (such as who holds the ipr), but it's only a straw man for discussion. feel free to fire it as necessary. posted by stuart yeates at : comment: thursday, june unit testing framework for xsl transformations? i'm part of the tei community, which maintains an xml standard which is commonly transformed to html for presentation (more rarely pdf). the tei standard is relatively large but relatively well documented, the transformation to html has thus far been largely piecemeal (from a software engineering point of view) and not error free. recently we've come under pressure to introduce significantly more complexity into transformations, both to produce epub (which is wrapped html bundled with media and metadata files) and html (which can represent more of the formal semantics in tei). the software engineer in me sees unit testing the a way to reduce our errors while opening development up to a larger more diverse group of people with a larger more diverse set of features they want to see implemented. the problem is, that i can't seem to find a decent unit testing framework for xslt. does anyone know of one? our requirements are: xslt . ; free to use; runnable on our ubuntu build server; testing the transformation with multiple arguments; etc; we're already using: xsd, rng, dtd and schematron schemas, epubcheck, xmllint, standard html validators, etc. having the framework drive these too would be useful. the kinds of things we want to test include: 	footnotes appear once and only once 	footnotes are referenced in the text and there's a back link from the footnote to the appropriate point in the text 	internal references (tables of contents, indexes, etc) point somewhere 	language encoding used xml:lang survives from the tei to the html 	that all the paragraphs in the tei appear at least once in the html 	that local links work 	sanity check tables 	internal links within parallel texts 	.... any of many languages could be used to represent these tests, but ideally it should have a dom library and be able to run that library across entire directories of files. most of our community speak xml fluently, so leveraging that would be good. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: wednesday, march is there a place for readers' collectives in the bright new world of ebooks? the transition costs of migrating from the world of books-as-physical-artefacts-of-pulped-tree to the world of books-as-bitstreams are going to be non-trivial. current attempts to drive the change (and by implication apportion those costs to other parties) have largely been driven by publishers, distributors and resellers of physical books in combination with the e-commerce and electronics industries which make and market the physical ebook readers on which ebooks are largely read. the e-commerce and electronics industries appear to see traditional publishing as an industry full of lumbering giants unable to compete with the rapid pace of change in the electronics industry and the associated turbulence in business models, and have moved to poach market-share. by-and-large they've been very successful. amazon and apple have shipped millions of devices billed as 'ebook readers' and pretty much all best-selling books are available on one platform or another. this top tier, however, is the easy stuff. it's not surprising that money can be made from the latest bodice-ripping page-turner, but most of the interesting reading and the majority of the units sold are outside the best-seller list, on the so-called 'long tail.' there's a whole range of books that i'm interested in that don't appear to be on the business plan of any of the current ebook publishers, and i'll miss them if they're not converted: 	the back catalogue of local poetry. almost nothing ever gets reprinted, even if the original has a tiny print run and the author goes on to have a wonderfully successful career. some gets anthologised and a few authors are big enough to have a posthumous collected works, when their work is no longer cutting edge. 	some fabulous theses. i'm thinking of things like: http://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/ / , http://victoria.lconz.ac.nz/vwebv/holdingsinfo?bibid= and http://otago.lconz.ac.nz/vwebv/holdingsinfo?bibid= 	lots of te reo māori material (pick your local indigenous language if you're reading this outside new zealand) 	local writing by local authors. note that all of these are local content---no foreign mega-corporation is going to regard this as their home-turf. getting these documents from the old world to the new is going to require a local program run by (read funded by) locals. would you pay for these things? i would, if it gave me what i wanted. what is it that readers want? we're all readers, of one kind or another, and we all want a different range of things, but i believe that what readers want / expect out of the digital transition is: 	to genuinely own books. not to own them until they drop their ereader in the bath and lose everything. not to own them until a company they've never heard of goes bust and turns off a drm server they've never heard of. not to own them until technology moves on and some new format is in use. to own them in a manner which enables them to use them for at least their entire lifetime. to own them in a manner that poses at least a question for their heirs. 	a choice of quality books. quality in the broadest sense of the word. choice in the broadest sense of the word. universality is a pipe-dream, of course, but with releasing good books faster than i can read them. 	a quality recommendation service. we all have trusted sources of information about books: friends, acquaintances, librarians or reviewers that history have suggested have similar ideas as us about what a good read is. 	to get some credit for already having bought the book in pulp-of-murdered-tree work. lots of us have collections of wood-pulp and like to maintain the illusion that in some way that makes us well read. 	books bought to their attention based on whether they're worth reading, rather than what publishers have excess stock of. since the concept of 'stock' largely vanishes with the transition from print to digital this shouldn't be too much of a problem. 	confidentially for their reading habits. if you've never come across it, go and read the ala's the freedom to read statement a not-for-profit readers' collective it seems to me that the way to manage the transition from the old world to the new is as a not-for-profit readers' collective. by that i mean a subscription-funded system in which readers sign up for a range of works every year. the works are digitised by the collective (the expensive step, paid for up-front), distributed to the subscribers in open file formats such as epub (very cheap via the internet) and kept in escrow for them (a tiny but perpetual cost, more on this later). authors, of course, need to pay their mortgage, and part of the digitisation would be obtaining the rights to the work. authors of new work would be paid a 'reasonable' sum, based on their statue as authors (i have no idea what the current remuneration of authors is like, so i won't be specific). the collective would acquire (non-exclusive) the rights to digitise the work if not born digital, to edit it, distribute it to collective members and to sell it to non-members internationally (i.e. distribute it through 'conventional' digital book channels). in the case of sale to non-members through conventional digital book channels the author would get a cut. sane and mutually beneficial deals could be worked out with libraries of various sizes. generally speaking, i'd anticipate the rights to digitise and distribute in-copyright but out-of-print poetry would would be fairly cheap; the rights to fabulous old university theses cheaper; and rights to out-of-copyright materials are, of course, free. the cost of rights to new novels / poetry would hugely depend on statue of the author and the quality of the work, which is where the collective would need to either employ a professional editor to make these calls or vote based on sample chapters / poems or some combination of the two. costs of quality digitisation is non-trivial, but costs are much lower in bulk and dropping all the time. depending on the platform in use, members of the collective might be recruited as proof-readers for ocr errors. that leaves the question of how to fund the the escrow. the escrow system stores copies of all the books the collective has digitised for the future use of the collectives' members and is required to give efficacy to the promise that readers really own the books. by being held in escrow, the copies survive the collective going bankrupt, being wound up, or evolving into something completely different, but requires funding. the simplest method of obtaining funding would be to align the collective with another established consumer of local literature and have them underwrite the escrow, a university, major library, or similar. the difference between a not-for-profit readers' collective and an academic press? of hundreds of years, major universities have had academic presses which publish quality content under the universities' auspices. the key difference between the not-for-profit readers' collective i am proposing and an academic press is that the collective would attempt to publish the unpublished and out-of-print books that the members wanted rather than aiming to meet some quality criterion. i acknowledge a popularist bias here, but it's the members who are paying the subscriptions. which links in the book chain do we want to cut out? there are some links in the current book production chain which we need to keep, there are others wouldn't have a serious future in a not-for-profit. certainly there is a role for judgement in which works to purchase with the collective's money. there is a role for editing, both large-scale and copy-editing. there is a role for illustrating works, be it cover images or icons. i don't believe there is a future for roles directly relating to the production, distribution, accounting for, sale, warehousing or pulping of physical books. there may be a role for the marketing books, depending on the business model (i'd like to think that most of the current marketing expense can be replaced by combination of author-driven promotion and word-of-month promotion, but i've been known to dream). clearly there is an evolving techie role too. the role not mentioned above that i'd must like to see cut, of course, is that of the multinational corporation as gatekeeper, holding all the copyrights and clipping tickets (and wings). posted by stuart yeates at : comments: saturday, november howto: deep linking into the nzetc site as the heaving mass of activity that is the mixandmash competition heats up, i have come to realise that i should have better documented a feature of the nzetc site, the ability to extract the tei xml annotated with the ids for deep linking. our content's archival form is tei xml, which we massage for various output formats. there is a link from the top level of every document to the tei for the document, which people are welcome to use in their mashups and remixes. unfortunately, between that tei and our html output is a deep magic that involves moving footnotes, moving page breaks, breaking pages into nicely browsable chunks, floating marginal notes, etc., and this makes it hard to deep link back to the website from anything derived from that tei. there is another form of the tei available which is annotated with whether or not each structural element maps : to an html: nzetc:has-text and what the id of that page is: nzetc:id this annotated xml is found by replacing the 'tei-source' in the url with 'etexts' thus for the laws of england, compiled and translated into the māori language at http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-gorlaws.html there is the raw tei at http://www.nzetc.org/tei-source/gorlaws.xml and the annotated tei at http://www.nzetc.org/etexts/gorlaws.xml looking in the annotated tei at http://www.nzetc.org/etexts/gorlaws.xml we see for example: <div xml:id="t -g -t -front -tp " xml:lang="en" rend="center" type="titlepage" nzetc:id="tei-gorlaws-t -g -t -front -tp " nzetc:depth=" " nzetc:string-length=" " nzetc:has-text="true"> this means that this div has it's own page (because it has nzetc:has-text="true" and that the id of that page is tei-gorlaws-t -g -t -front -tp (because of the nzetc:id="tei-gorlaws-t -g -t -front -tp "). the id can be plugged into: http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/<id>.html to get a url for the html. thus the url for this div is http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-gorlaws-t -g -t -front -tp .html this process should work for both text and figures. happy remixing everyone! posted by stuart yeates at : comment: sunday, november epubs and quality you may have heard news about the release of "bookserver" by the good folks at the internet archive. this is a drm-free epub ecosystem, initially stocked with the prodigious output of google's book scanning project and the internet archive's own book scanning project. to see how the nzetc stacked up against the much larger (and better funded) collection i picked one of our maori language dictionaries. our maori and pacifica dictionaries month-after-month make up the bulk of our top five must used resources, so they're in-demand resources. they're also an appropriate choice because when they were encoded by the nzetc into tei, the decision was made not to use full dictionary encoding, but a cheaper/easier tradeoff which didn't capture the linguistic semantics of the underlying entries, but treated them as typeset text. i was interested in how well this tradeoff was wearing. i did my comparison using the new firefox epub plugin, things will be slightly different if you're reading these epubs on an iphone or kindle. the epub i looked at was a dictionary of the maori language by herbert w. williams. the nzetc has the sixth edition. there are two versions of the work on bookserver. a second edition scanned by google books (original at the new york public library) and a third edition scanned by the internet archive in association with microsoft (original in the university of california library system). all the processing of both works appear to be been done in the u.s. the original print used macrons (nzetc), acutes (google) and breves (internet archive) to mark long vowels. find them here. lets take a look at some entries from each, starting at 'kapukapu': nzetc: kapukapu. . n. sole of the foot. . apparently a synonym for kaunoti, the firestick which was kept steady with the foot. tena ka riro, i runga i nga hanga a taikomako, i te kapukapu, i te kaunoti (m. ). . v.i. curl (as a wave). ka kapukapu mai te ngaru. . gush. . gleam, glisten. katahi ki te huka o huiarau, kapukapu ana tera. kapua, n. . cloud, bank of clouds. e tutakitaki ana nga kapua o te rangi, kei runga te mangoroa e kopae pu ana (p.). . a flinty stone. = kapuarangi. . polyprion oxygeneios, a fish. = hapuku. . an edible species of fungus. . part of the titi pattern of tattooing. kapuarangi, n. a variety of matā, or cutting stone, of inferior quality. = kapua, . kāpuhi, kāpuhipuhi, n. cluster of branches at the top of a tree. kāpui, v.t. . gather up in a bunch. ka kapuitia nga rau o te kiekie, ka herea. . lace up or draw in the mouth of a bag. . earth up crops, or cover up embers with ashes to keep them alight. kāpuipui, v.t. gather up litter, etc. kāpuka, n. griselinia littoralis, a tree. = papauma. kapukiore, n. coprosma australis, a shrub. = kanono. kāpuku = kōpuku, n. gunwale. google books: kapukapu, s. sole of the foot, eldpukdpu, v. to curl* as a wave. ka kapukapu mai te ngaru; the wave curls over. kapunga, v. to take up with both hands held together, kapungatia he kai i te omu; take up food from the oven. (b. c, kapura, s. fire, -' tahuna he kapura ; kindle a fire. kapurangi, s. rubbish; weeds, kara, s. an old man, tena korua ko kara ? how are you and the old man ? kara, s> basaltic stone. he kara te kamaka nei; this stone is kara. karaha, s. a calabash. ♦kardhi, *. glass, internet archive: kapukapu, n. sole of the foot. kapukapu, v. i. . curl (as a wave). ka kapukapu mai te ngaru. . gush. kakapii, small basket for cooked food. kapua, n. cloud; hank of clouds, kapunga, n. palm of the hand. kapunga, \. t. take up in both hands together. kapiira, n. fire. kapiiranga, n. handful. kapuranga, v. t. take up by hand-fuls. kapurangatia nga otaota na e ia. v. i. dawn. ka kapuranga te ata. kapur&ngi, n. rubbish; uveds. i. k&r&, n. old man. tena korua ko kara. ii. k&r&, n. secret plan; conspiracy. kei te whakatakoto kara mo te horo kia patua. k&k&r&, d. scent; smell. k&k&r&, a. savoury; odoriferous. k^ar&, n. a shell-iish. unlike the other two, the nzetc version has accents, bold and italics in the right place. it' the only one with a workable and useful table of contents. it is also edition which has been extensively revised and expanded. google's second edition has many character errors, while the internet archive's third edition has many 'á' mis-recognised as '&.' the google and internet achive versions are also available as pdfs, but of course, without fancy tables of contents these pdfs are pretty challenging to navigate and because they're built from page images, they're huge. it's tempting to say that the nzetc version is better than either of the others, and from a naïve point of it is, but it's more accurate to say that it's different. it's a digitised version of a book revised more than a hundred years after the second edition scanned by google books. people who're interested in the history of the language are likely to pick the edition over the edition nine times out of ten. technical work is currently underway to enable third parties like the internet archive's bookserver to more easily redistribute our epubs. for some semi-arcane reasons it's linked to upcoming new search functionality. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: library, macrons, maori, nzetc what librarything metadata can the nzetc reasonable stuff inside it's cc'd epubs? this is the second blog following on from an excellent talk about librarything by librarything's tim given the vuw in wellington after his trip to lianza. the nzetc publishes all of it's works as epubs (a file format primarily aimed at mobile devices), which are literally processed crawls of it's website bundled with some metadata. for some of the nzetc works (such as erewhon and the life of captain james cook), librarything has a lot more metadata than the nzetc, becuase many librarything users have the works and have entered metadata for them. bundling as much metadata into the epubs makes sense, because these are commonly designed for offline use---call-back hooks are unlikely to be avaliable. so what kinds of data am i interested in? ) traditional bibliographic metadata. both lt and nzetc have this down really well. ) images. lt has many many cover images, nzetc has images of plates from inside many works too. ) unique identification (isbns, issns, work ids, etc). lt does very well at this, nzetc very poorly ) genre and style information. lt has tags to do fancy statistical analysis on, and does. nzetc has full text to do fancy statistical analysis on, but doesn't. ) intra-document links. lt has work as the smallest unit. nzetc reproduces original document tables of contents and indexes, cross references and annotations. ) inter-document links. lt has none. nzetc captures both 'mentions' and 'cites' relationships between documents. while most current-generation ebook readers, of course, can do nothing with most of this metadata, but i'm looking forward to the day when we have full-fledged openurl resolvers which can do interesting things, primarily picking the best copy (most local / highest quality / most appropiate format / cheapest) of a work to display to a user; and browsing works by genre (librarything does genre very well, via tags). posted by stuart yeates at : comment: labels: epubs, library, librarything, nzetc thursday, october interlinking of collections: the quest continues after an excellent talk today about librarything by librarything's tim, i got enthused to see how librarything stacks up against other libraries for having matches in it's authority control system for entities we (the nzetc) care about. the answer is averagely. for copies of printed books less than a hundred years old (or reprinted in the last hundred years), and their authors, librarything seems to do every well. these are the books likely to be in active circulation in personal libraries, so it stands to reason that these would be well covered. i tried half a dozen books from our nineteenth-century novels collection, and most were missing, erewhon, of course, was well represented. librarything doesn't have the "treaty of waitangi" (a set of manuscripts) but it does have "facsimiles of the treaty of waitangi." it's not clear to me whether these would be merged under their cataloguing rules. coverage of non-core bibliographic entities was lacking. places get a little odd. sydney is "http://www.librarything.com/place/sydney,% new% south% wales,% australia" but wellington is "http://www.librarything.com/place/wellington" and anzac cove appears to be is missing altogether. this doesn't seem like a sane authority control system for places, as far as i can see. people who are the subjects rather than the authors of books didn't come out so well. i couldn't find abel janszoon tasman, pōtatau te wherowhero or charles frederick goldie, all of which are near and dear to our hearts. here is the spreadsheet of how different web-enabled systems map entities we care about. correction: it seems that the correct url for wellington is http://www.librarything.com/place/wellington,% new% zealand which brings sanity back. posted by stuart yeates at : no comments: labels: authority, community building, metadata, semantic web, social network, taxonomy saturday, september ebook readers need openurl resolvers everyone's talking about the next generation of ebook readers having larger reading area, more battery life and more readable screen. i'd give up all of those, however, for an ebook reader that had an internal openurl resolver. openurl is the nifty protocol that libraries use to find the closest copy of a electronic resources and direct patrons to copies that the library might have already licensed from commercial parties. it's all about finding the version of a resource that is most accessible to the user, dynamically. say i've loaded ebooks into my ebook reader: a couple of encyclopedias and dictionaries; a stack of books i was meant to read in school but only skimmed and have been meaning to get back to; current block-busters; guidebooks to the half-dozen countries i'm planning on visiting over the next couple of years; classics i've always meant to read (tolstoy, chaucer, cervantes, plato, descartes, nietzsche); and local writers (baxter, duff, ihimaera, hulme, ...). my ebooks by nietzsche are going to refer to books by descartes and plato; my ebooks by descartes are going to refer to books by plato; my encyclopaedias are going to refer to pretty much everything; most of the works in translation are going to contain terms which i'm going to need help with (help which theencyclopedias and dictionaries can provide). ask yourself, though, whether you'd want to flick between works on the current generation of readers---very painful, since these devices are not designed for efficient navigation between ebooks, but linear reading of them. you can't follow links between them, of course, because on current systems links must point either with the same ebook or out on to the internet---pointing to other ebooks on the same device is verboten. openurl can solve this by catching those urls and making them point to local copies of works (and thus available for free even when the internet is unavailable) where possible while still retaining their until ebook readers have a mechanism like this ebooks will be at most a replacement only for paperback novels---not personal libraries. posted by stuart yeates at : comment: older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) 	 about me 	 stuart yeates view my complete profile 	 blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  march ( ) 	#christchurchmosqueshootings 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) shared google reader items 	 	 simple theme. powered by blogger. 
 <?xml version=" . " encoding="utf- "?><rss version=" . " 	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/ . /modules/content/" 	xmlns:wfw="http://wellformedweb.org/commentapi/" 	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /" 	xmlns:atom="http://www.w .org/ /atom" 	xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/ . /modules/syndication/" 	xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/ . /modules/slash/" 	> <channel> 	<title>the digital librarian</title> 	<atom:link href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss " rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /> 	<link>http://digitallibrarian.org</link> 	<description>information. organization. access.</description> 	<lastbuilddate>mon, jun : : + </lastbuilddate> 	<language>en-us</language> 	<sy:updateperiod> 	hourly	</sy:updateperiod> 	<sy:updatefrequency> 	 	</sy:updatefrequency> 	<generator>https://wordpress.org/?v= . . </generator> 	<item> 		<title>libraries and the state of the internet</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>mon, jun : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[digital libraries]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[mary meeker presented her internet trends report earlier this month. if you want a better understanding of how tech and the tech industry is evolving, you should watch her talk and read her slides. this year&# ;s talk was fairly &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">libraries and the state of the internet</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mary_meeker" target="_blank">mary meeker</a> presented her internet trends report earlier this month. if you want a better understanding of how tech and the tech industry is evolving, you should <a href="https://youtu.be/ gfug ol " target="_blank">watch her talk</a> and <a href="http://www.kpcb.com/internet-trends" target="_blank">read her slides</a>.</p> <p>this year&# ;s talk was fairly time constrained, and she did not go into as much detail as she has in years past. that being said, there is still an enormous amount of value in the data she presents and the trends she identifies via that data.</p> <p>some interesting takeaways:</p> <ul> <li>the growth in total number of internet users worldwide is slowing (the year-to-year growth rate is flat; overall growth is around % new years per year)</li> <li>however, growth in india is still accelerating, and india is now the # global user market (behind china; usa is rd)</li> <li>similarly, there is a slowdown in the growth of the number of smartphone users and number of smartphones being shipped worldwide (still growing, but at a slower rate)</li> <li>android continues to demonstrate growth in marketshare; android devices are continuing to be less costly by a significant margin than apple devices.</li> <li>overall, there are opportunities for businesses that innovate / increase efficiency / lower prices / create jobs</li> <li>advertising continues to demonstrate strong growth; advertising efficacy still has a ways to go (internet advertising is effective and can be even more so)</li> <li>internet as distribution channel continues to grow in use and importance</li> <li> brand recognition is increasingly important</li> <li>visual communication channel usage is increasing &# ; generation z relies more on communicating with images than with text</li> <li>messaging is becoming a core communication channel for business interactions in addition to social interactions</li> <li>voice on mobile rapidly rising as important user interface &# ; lots of activity around this</li> <li>data as platform &# ; important!</li> </ul> <p>so, what kind of take-aways might be most useful to consider in the library context? some top-of-head thoughts:</p> <ul> <li>in the larger context of the internet, libraries need to be more aggressive in marketing their brand and brand value. we are, by nature, fairly passive, especially compared to our commercial competition, and a failure to better leverage the opportunity for brand exposure leaves the door open to commercial competitors.</li> <li>integration of library services and content through messaging channels will become more important, especially with younger users. (integration may actually be too weak a term; understanding how to use messaging inherently within the digital lifestyles of our users is critical)</li> <li>voice &# ; are any libraries doing anything with voice? integration with amazon&# ;s alexa voice search? how do we fit into the voice as platform paradigm?</li> </ul> <p>one parting thought, that i&# ;ll try to tease out in a follow-up post: libraries need to look very seriously at the importance of personalized, customized curation of collections for users, something that might actually be antithetical to the way we currently approach collection development. think apple music, but for books, articles, and other content provided by libraries. it feels like we are doing this in slices and pieces, but that we have not yet established a unifying platform that integrates with the larger internet ecosystem.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>meaningful web metrics</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>sun, jan : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[web metrics]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[this article from wired magazine is a must-read if you are interested in more impactful metrics for your library&# ;s web site. at mpoe, we are scaling up our need for in-house web product expertise, but regardless of how much we &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">meaningful web metrics</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p><a href="http://www.wired.com/ / /everyone-knows-page-views-dont-matter-but-they-just-wont-die/" target="_blank">this article</a> from <a href="http://wired.com" target="_blank"><em>wired</em></a> magazine is a must-read if you are interested in more impactful metrics for your library&# ;s web site. at mpoe, we are scaling up our need for in-house web product expertise, but regardless of how much we invest in terms of staffing, it is likely that the amount of requested web support will always exceed the amount of resourcing we have for that support. leveraging meaningful impact metrics can help us understand the value we get from the investment we make in our web presence, and more importantly help us define <strong>what</strong> types of impact we want to achieve through that investment. this is no easy feat, but it is good to see that others in the information ecosystem are looking at the same challenges.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>site migrated</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>mon, oct : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[blog]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[just a quick note &# ; digitallibrarian.org has been migrated to a new server. you may see a few quirks here and there, but things should be mostly in good shape. if you notice anything major, send me a challah. really. &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">site migrated</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>just a quick note &# ; digitallibrarian.org has been migrated to a new server. you may see a few quirks here and there, but things should be mostly in good shape. if you notice anything major, send me a challah. really. a nice bread. or just an email. your choice. <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/ . . / x / f .png" alt="🙂" class="wp-smiley" style="height: em; max-height: em;" /></p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>the new ipad</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #comments</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>sun, mar : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[apple]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[hardware]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[ipad]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[i decided that it was time to upgrade my original ipad, so i pre-ordered a new ipad, which arrived this past friday. after a few days, here are my initial thoughts / observations: compared to the original ipad, the new &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">the new ipad</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>i decided that it was time to upgrade my original ipad, so i pre-ordered a new ipad, which arrived this past friday. after a few days, here are my initial thoughts / observations:</p> <li>compared to the original ipad, the new ipad is a huge improvement. much zipper, feels lighter (compared to the original), and of course the display is fantastic.</li> <li>i&# ;ve just briefly tried the dictation feature, and though i haven&# ;t used it extensively yet, the accuracy seems pretty darned good. i wonder if a future update will support siri?</li> <li>the beauty of the display cannot be understated &# ; crisp, clear (especially for someone with aging eyes)</li> <li>i purchased a -gb model with lte, but i have not tried the cell network yet. i did see g show up, so i&# ;m hoping that tucson indeed has the newer network.</li> <li>not really new, but going from the original ipad to the new ipad, i really like the smart cover approach. ditto with the form factor.</li> <li>again, not specific to the new model, the ability to access my music, videos, and apps via icloud means that i can utilize the storage on the ipad more effectively.</li> <p>all-in-all, i can see myself using the new ipad consistently for a variety of tasks, not just for consuming information. point-in-fact, this post was written with the new ipad.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title> rd sits meeting &# ; geneva</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>wed, aug : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[conferences]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[digital libraries]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[uncategorized]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[workshops]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[dlf]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[sits]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[back in june i attend the rd sits (scholarly infrastructure technical summit) meeting, held in conjunction with the oai workshop and sponsored by jisc and the digital library federation. this meeting, held in lovely geneva, switzerland, brought together library technologists &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text"> rd sits meeting &# ; geneva</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>back in june i attend the <a href="http://sits-oai .eventbrite.com/"> rd sits (scholarly infrastructure technical summit) meeting</a>, held in conjunction with the oai workshop and sponsored by jisc and the digital library federation. this meeting, held in lovely geneva, switzerland, brought together library technologists and technology leaders from north america, europe, australia, and asia for the purpose of exploring common technology and technology-related issues that crossed our geographic boundaries.</p> <p>this is the first sits meeting that i attended &# ; prior to this meeting, there were two other sits meetings (one in london and one in california). as this sits meeting was attached to the oai conference, it brought together a group of stakeholders who&# ;s roles in their organizations spanned from technology implementors to technology strategists and decision makers. from having chatted with some of the folks who had attended previous sits meetings, the attendees at those meetings tended to weigh heavily on the technology implementer / developer side, while this particular instance of sits had a broader range of discussion that, while centered on technology, also incorporated much of the context to which technology was being applied. for me, that actually made this a more intriguing and productive discussion, as i think that while there are certainly a great variety of strictly technical issues with which we grapple, what often gets lost when talking semantic web, linked data, digital preservation, etc. is the context and focus of the purpose of deploying said technology. so, with that particular piece of context, i&# ;ll describe some of the conversation that occurred at this particular sits event.</p> <p>due to the schedule of oai , this sits meeting was held in two parts &# ; the afternoon of june, and the morning of june. for the first session, the group met in one of the lecture rooms at the conference venue, and this worked out quite nicely. sits uses an open agenda / open meeting format, which allows the attendees to basically nominate and elect the topics of discussion for the meeting. after initial introductions, we began proposing topics. i tried to capture as best i could all of the topics that were proposed, though i might have missed one or two:</p> <p>* stable links for linked data vs. stable bitstreams for preservation<br /> * authority hubs / clustered ids / researcher ids / orcid in dspace<br /> * effective synchronization of digital resources<br /> * consistency and usage of usage data<br /> * digital preservation architecture &# ; integration of tape-based storage and other storage anvironments (external to the library)<br /> * integration between repositories and media delivery (i.e. streaming) &# ; particularly to access control enforcement<br /> * nano publications and object granularity<br /> * pairing storage with different types of applications<br /> * linking research data to scholarly publications to faculty assessment<br /> * well-behaved document<br /> * research impacts and outputs<br /> * linked open data: from vision to deployment<br /> * relationship between open linked data and open research data<br /> * name disambiguation</p> <p>following process, we took the above brainstormed list and proceeded to vote on which topic to begin discussion. the first topic chosen was researcher identities, which began with discussion around orcid, a project that currently has reasonable mindshare behind it. while there are a lot of backers of orcid, it is not clear whether the approach of a singular researcher id is a feasible approach, though i believe we&# ;ll discover the answer based on the success (or not) of the project. in general, i think that most of the attendees will be paying attention to orcid, but that also a wait and see approach is likely as there are many, many issues around researcher ids that still need to be worked through.</p> <p>the next topic was the assessment of research impacts and outputs. this particular topic was not particularly technically focused, but did bring about some interesting discussion about the impact of assessment activities, both positive and negative. </p> <p>the next topic, linking research data to scholarly publications to faculty assessment, was a natural progression from the previous topic, and much of the discussion revolved around how to support such relationships. i must admit that while i think this topic is important, i didn&# ;t feel that the discussion really resolved any of the potential issues with supporting researchers in linking data to publications (and then capturing this data for assessment purposes). what is clear is that the concept of publishing data, especially open data, is one that is not necessarily as straight-forward as one would hope when you get into the details, such as where to publish data, how to credit such publication, how is the data maintained, etc. there is a lot of work to be done here.</p> <p>next to be discussed was the preservation of data and software. it was brought up that the sustainability and preservation of data, especially open data, was somewhat analogous to the sustainability and preservation of software, in that both required a certain number of active tasks in order to ensure that both data and software were continually usable. it is also clear that much data requires the proper software in order to be usable, and therefore the issues of software and data sustainability and preservation are in my senses interwoven.</p> <p>the group then moved to a brief discussion of the harvesting and use of usage data. efforts such as counter and popirus were mentioned. the ability to track data in a way that balances anonymity and privacy vs. added value back to the user was discussed &# ; the fact that usage data can be leveraged to provide better services back to users was a key consideration.</p> <p>the next discussion topic was influenced by the oai workshop. the issue of the synchronisation of resources was discussed, and during oai , there was a breakout session that looked at the future of oai-pmh, both in terms of .x sustainability as well as work that might end up with the result of oai-pmh . . interestingly, there was some discussion of even the need for data synchronization with the advent of linked data; i can see why this would come up, but i personally believe that linked data isn&# ;t at the point where other methods for ensuring synchronized data aren&# ;t necessary (nor may it ever be).</p> <p>speaking of linked data, the concept arose in many of the sits discussions, though the group did not officially address it until late in the agenda. i must admit that i&# ;ve yet to drink the linked data lemonade, in the sense that i really don&# ;t see it being the silver bullet that many of its proponents make it out to be, but i do see it as one approach for enabling extended use of data and resources. in the discussion, one of the challenges of the linked data approach that was discussed was the need to map between ontologies.</p> <p>at this point, it was getting a bit late into the meeting, but we did talk about two more topics: one was very pragmatic, while the other was a bit more future-thinking (though there might be some disagreement on that). the first was a discussion about how organizationally digital preservation architectures were being supported &# ; were they being supported by central it, by the library it, or otherwise? it seemed that (not surprisingly) a lot depended upon the specific organization, and that perhaps more coordination could be undertaken through efforts such as pasig. the second discussion was on the topic of &# ;nano-publications&# ;, which the group defined as &# ;things that simply tell you what is being asserted (e.g. europe is a continent)&# ;. i must admit i got a bit lost about the importance and purpose of nano-publications, but again, it was close to the end of the meeting. </p> <p>btw, as i&# ;m finishing this an email just came through with the official notes from the sits meeting, which can be accessed at <a href="http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/ /">http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/ /</a></p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>david lewis&# ; presentation on collections futures</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #comments</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>wed, mar : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[ebooks]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[librarianship]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[collections]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[future]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[provisioning]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[peter murray (aka the disruptive library technology jester) has provided an audio-overlay of david lewis&# ; slideshare of his plenary at the last june&# ;s rlg annual partners meeting. if you are at all interested in understanding the future of academic libraries, &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">david lewis&# ; presentation on collections futures</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>peter murray (aka the <a href="http://dltj.org/">disruptive library technology jester</a>) has provided an audio-overlay of <a href="http://dltj.org/article/collections-futures/">david lewis&# ; slideshare of his plenary</a> at the last june&# ;s <a href="http://www.oclc.org/research/events/ - - a.htm">rlg annual partners meeting</a>. if you are at all interested in understanding the future of academic libraries, you should take an hour of your time and listen to this presentation. of particular note, because david says it almost in passing, is that academic libraries are moving away from being collectors of information to being provisioners of information &# ; the difference being that instead of purchasing everything that might be used, academic libraries instead are moving to ensuring that there is a path for provisioning access to materials that actually requested for use by their users. again, well worth an hour of your time.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>librarians are *the* search experts&# ;</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>thu, aug : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[librarianship]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[&# ;so i wonder how many librarians know all of the tips and tricks for using google that are mentioned here?]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>&# ;so i wonder how many librarians know all of the tips and tricks for using google that are mentioned <a href="http://webapps.stackexchange.com/questions/ /hidden-features-of-google">here</a>?</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>what do we want from discovery? maybe it&# ;s to save the time of the user&# ;.</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #comments</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>wed, aug : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[uncategorized]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[just a quick thought on discovery tools &# ; the major newish discovery services being vended to libraries (worldcat local, summon, ebsco discovery service, etc.) all have their strengths, their complexity, their middle-of-the-road politician trying to be everything to everybody features. &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">what do we want from discovery? maybe it&# ;s to save the time of the user&# ;.</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>just a quick thought on discovery tools &# ; the major newish discovery services being vended to libraries (worldcat local, summon, ebsco discovery service, etc.) all have their strengths, their complexity, their middle-of-the-road politician trying to be everything to everybody features. one question i have asked and not yet had a good answer to is &# ;how does your tool save the time of the user?&# ;. for me, that&# ;s the most important feature of any discovery tool.</p> <p>show me data or study results that prove your tool saves the time of the user as compared to other vended tools (and google and google scholar), and you have a clear advantage, at least in what i am considering when choosing to implement a discovery tool.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title>putting a library in starbucks</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #respond</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>thu, aug : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[digital libraries]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[librarianship]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[coffee]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[digital library]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[library]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[monopsony]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[starbucks]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[upsell]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[it is not uncommon to find a coffee shop in a library these days. turn that concept around, though &# ; would you expect a library inside a starbucks? or maybe that&# ;s the wrong question &# ; how would you react to &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text">putting a library in starbucks</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p><img loading="lazy" alt="" src="http://t .gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:and gctusdcaltcywvoj i-bdh kgxqvrnz wsrewtz cxtsle-zrm&# ;t= &# ;usg=__ syt ohe ymsjbxumc icpkfaxy=" title="coffee" class="alignleft" width=" " height=" " />it is not uncommon to find a coffee shop in a library these days. turn that concept around, though &# ; would you expect a library inside a starbucks? or maybe that&# ;s the wrong question &# ; how would you react to having a library inside a starbucks? well, that concept shuffling its way towards reality, as starbucks is now experimenting with offering premium (i.e. non-free) content to users while they are on the free wireless that starbucks provides. in fact, starbucks actually has a collection development policy for their content &# ; they are providing content in the following areas, which they call channels: news, entertainment, wellness, business &# ; careers and my neighborhood. they even call their offerings &# ;curated content&# ;.</p> <p>obviously, this isn&# ;t the equivalent of putting the full contents of a library into a coffee shop, but it is worth our time to pay attention to how this new service approach from starbucks evolves. starbucks isn&# ;t giving away content for free just to get customers in the door; they are looking at how they might monetize this service through upsell techniques. the business models and agreements are going to have impact on how libraries do business, and we need to pay attention to how starbucks brokers agreements with content providers. <a href="http://go-to-hellman.blogspot.com/">eric hellman&# ;s</a> current favorite term, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/monopsony">monopsony</a>, comes to mind here &# ; though in reality starbucks isn&# ;t buying anything, as no money is actually changing hands, at least to start. content providers are happy to allow starbucks to provide limited access (i.e. limited by geographic location / network access) to content for free in order to promote their content and provide a discovery to delivery path that will allow users to extend their use of the content for a price. </p> <p>this begs the question &# ; should libraries look at upsell opportunities, especially if it means we can reduce our licensing costs? at the very least, the idea is worth exploring.</p> <p>source: <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/mashable/ /tc_mashable/how_starbucks_plans_to_capitalize_on_free_wifi">yahoo news</a></p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 		<item> 		<title> week of ipad</title> 		<link>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </link> 					<comments>http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= #comments</comments> 		 		<dc:creator><![cdata[jaf]]></dc:creator> 		<pubdate>wed, apr : : + </pubdate> 				<category><![cdata[apple]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[ebooks]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[hardware]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[ipad]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[digital lifestyle]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[mobile]]></category> 		<category><![cdata[tablet]]></category> 		<guid ispermalink="false">http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= </guid> 					<description><![cdata[it has been a little over a week since my ipad was delivered, and in that time i have had the opportunity to try it out at home, at work, and on the road. in fact, i&# ;m currently typing this &# ;<p class="read-more"> <a class="more-link" href="http://digitallibrarian.org/?p= "> <span class="screen-reader-text"> week of ipad</span> read more &# ;</a></p>]]></description> 										<content:encoded><![cdata[<p>it has been a little over a week since my ipad was delivered, and in that time i have had the opportunity to try it out at home, at work, and on the road. in fact, i&# ;m currently typing this entry on it from the hotel restaurant at the cni spring task force meeting. i feel that i have used it enough now to provide some of my insights and thoughts about the ipad, how i am using it, and what i think of it.</p> <p>so, how best to describe the ipad? fun. convenient. fun again. the ipad is more than the sum of its parts; much like the iphone, it provides an overall experience, one that is enjoyable and yes, efficient. browsing is great fun; i have only run into one site where because of the lack of flash support was completely inaccessible (a local restaurant site). a number of sites that i regularly peruse have some flash aspect that is not available via the ipad, but typically this isn&# ;t a big loss. for example, if there is an engadget article that contains video, i won&# ;t get the video. however, the ny times, espn, and other major sites are already supporting html embedded video, and i expect to see a strong push towards html and away from flash. in the grand scheme of things, most of the sites i browse are text and image based, and have no issues.</p> <p>likewise for email and calendaring &# ; both work like a charm. email on the ipad is easy, fun, and much better than on the iphone. the keyboard, when in landscape mode, is actually much better than i expected, and very suitable for email replies (not to mention blog posts). i&# ;d go as far to say that the usability of the onscreen keyboard (when the ipad is in landscape mode) is as good or better than a typical net book keyboard. also, an unintended bonus is that typing on the keyboard is pretty much silent; this is somewhat noticeable during conference sessions where a dozen or so attendees are typing their notes and the clack of their keyboards starts to add up.</p> <p>so, how am i using my ipad? well, on this trip, i have used it to read (one novel and a bunch of work-related articles), do email, listen to music, watch videos, stream some netflix, browse the web, draft a policy document for my place of employment, diagram a repository architecture, and take notes during conference sessions. could i do all of this on a laptop? sure. could i do all of this on a laptop without plugging in at any point in the day? possibly, with the right laptop or net book. but here&# ;s the thing &# ; at the conference, instead of lugging my laptop bag around with me, my ipad replaced the laptop, my notepad, and everything else i would have dragged around in my bag. i literally only took my ipad, which is actually smaller than a standard paper notebook, and honestly i didn&# ;t miss a beat. quickly jot down a note? easy. sketch out an idea? ditto. it&# ;s all just right there, all the functionality, in a so-much-more convenient form factor.</p> <p>is the ipad perfect? by no means &# ; the desktop interface is optimized for the iphone / itouch, and feels a bit inefficient for the larger ipad. because of the current lack of multitasking (something that apple has already announced will be available in the next version of the os), i can&# ;t keep an im client running in the background. there is no inherent folder system, so saving files outside of applications is more complex then it should be. fingerprints show up much more than i expected, though they wipe away fairly easily with a cloth. the weight ( . lbs) is just enough to make you need to shift how you hold the ipad after a period of time.</p> <p>again, here&# ;s the thing: the ipad doesn&# ;t need to be perfect, it needs to be niche. is it niche? ask my laptop bag.</p> ]]></content:encoded> 					 					<wfw:commentrss>http://digitallibrarian.org/?feed=rss &# ;p= </wfw:commentrss> 			<slash:comments> </slash:comments> 		 		 			</item> 	</channel> </rss> ptsefton.com ptsefton.com 	an open, composable standards–based research eresearch platform: arkisto this is a talk delivered in recorded format by peter sefton, nick thieberger, marco la rosa and mike lynch at eresearch australasia . also posted on the uts eresearch website. ' title=' ' border=' ' width=' %'/&gt; research data from all disciplines has interest and value that extends beyond funding cycles and must continue to be managed … 	you won't believe this shocking semantic web trick i use to avoid publishing my own ontologies! will i end up going to hell for this? [update - as soon as this went live i spotted an error in the final example and fixed it]. in this post i describe a disgusting, filthy, but possibly beautiful hack* i devised to get around a common problem in data description using semantic web techniques, specifically json-ld and schema.org … 	eresearch australasia trip report by mike lynch and peter sefton i'm re-posting / self-archiving this from the uts eresearch blog. mike lynch and peter sefton attended the eresearch australasia conference in brisbane from - october , where we presented a few things - and a pre-conference summit on the st held by the australian research … 	fair simple scalable static research data repository this presentation was given by peter sefton &amp; michael lynch at the eresearch australasia conference in brisbane, on the th of october . welcome - we’re going to share this presentation. peter/petie will talk through the two major standards we’re building on, and mike will talk about the … 	meet ro-crate by peter sefton this presentation was given by peter sefton at the eresearch australasia conference in brisbane, on the th of october . ' title='meet ro-crate ' border=' ' width=' %'/&gt; this presentation is part of a series of talks delivered here at eresearch australasia - so it won’t go back over all of the detail already … 	datacrate - a progress report on packaging research data for distribution via your repository ' title='datacrate: a progress report on packaging research data for distribution via your repository peter sefton university of technology sydney ' border=' ' width=' %'/&gt; this is a talk that i delivered at open repositories in hamburg germany, reporting on developments in the datacrate specification for research data description and packaging. the big news is that datacrate is now part of a broader international effort known as ro-crate. i spent several hours at the … 	implementation of a research data repository using the oxford common file layout standard at the university of technology sydney this is a presentation by michael lynch and peter sefton, delivered by peter sefton at open repositories in hamburg. my travel was funded by the university of technology sydney. ' title='implementation of a research data repository using the oxford common file layout standard at the university of technology sydney michael lynch, peter sefton university of technology sydney, australia ' border=' ' width=' %'/&gt; this presentation will discuss an implementation of the oxford common file layout (ocfl) in an institutional research data repository at … 	trip report - open repositories - peter sefton this is reposted from the uts eresearch website with minor edits. this year open repositories was in hamburg, germany. i was funded by my employer the university of technology sydney to attend. i gave two presentations, one on our work on scalable research data repositories and other on research data … 	datacrate: a method of packaging, distributing, displaying and archiving research objects here are the slides for presentation i delivered this week at research object in amsterdam. the paper we wrote for this workshop is available. the contributors to the article are: peter sefton michael lynch gerard devine duncan loxton sharyn wise christian evenhuis this presentation is my view on some … 	trip report (with bonus opinions) - open repositories , bozeman montana, usa i (peter sefton) recently attended or , the open repositories conference from june - , in bozeman montana. this post is being posted on the uts eresearch site and on my site. my trip was funded by the university of technology sydney (uts). mission gavin kennedy from qcif was also in … the digital librarian – information. organization. access. 			 		↓ skip to main content 	 	 		 			 				 					 						 	 				 						the digital librarian 								information. organization. access. 						 	 	 	main navigation 	 		menu 			home 	about 	 					 				 			 				 		 			 				 				 						 			 					 	 				 		 libraries and the state of the internet 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on june , 				 						 				 					posted in digital libraries				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		mary meeker presented her internet trends report earlier this month. if you want a better understanding of how tech and the tech industry is evolving, you should watch her talk and read her slides. this year’s talk was fairly … libraries and the state of the internet read more » 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 meaningful web metrics 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on january , 				 						 				 					posted in web metrics				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		this article from wired magazine is a must-read if you are interested in more impactful metrics for your library’s web site. at mpoe, we are scaling up our need for in-house web product expertise, but regardless of how much we … meaningful web metrics read more » 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 site migrated 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on october , 				 						 				 					posted in blog				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		just a quick note – digitallibrarian.org has been migrated to a new server. you may see a few quirks here and there, but things should be mostly in good shape. if you notice anything major, send me a challah. really. … site migrated read more » 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 the new ipad 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on march , 				 						 				 					posted in apple, hardware, ipad				 			 						 									 						 						 comment					 				 			 			 	 		i decided that it was time to upgrade my original ipad, so i pre-ordered a new ipad, which arrived this past friday. after a few days, here are my initial thoughts / observations: compared to the original ipad, the new … the new ipad read more » 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 rd sits meeting – geneva 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on august , 				 						 				 					posted in conferences, digital libraries, uncategorized, workshops				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		back in june i attend the rd sits (scholarly infrastructure technical summit) meeting, held in conjunction with the oai workshop and sponsored by jisc and the digital library federation. this meeting, held in lovely geneva, switzerland, brought together library technologists … rd sits meeting – geneva read more » 	 					 		 					 				tagged with: digital libraries, dlf, sits 			 				 	 				 		 david lewis’ presentation on collections futures 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on march , 				 						 				 					posted in ebooks, librarianship				 			 						 									 						 						 comment					 				 			 			 	 		peter murray (aka the disruptive library technology jester) has provided an audio-overlay of david lewis’ slideshare of his plenary at the last june’s rlg annual partners meeting. if you are at all interested in understanding the future of academic libraries, … david lewis’ presentation on collections futures read more » 	 					 		 					 				tagged with: collections, future, provisioning 			 				 	 				 		 librarians are *the* search experts… 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on august , 				 						 				 					posted in librarianship				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		…so i wonder how many librarians know all of the tips and tricks for using google that are mentioned here? 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 what do we want from discovery? maybe it’s to save the time of the user…. 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on august , 				 						 				 					posted in uncategorized				 			 						 									 						 						 comment					 				 			 			 	 		just a quick thought on discovery tools – the major newish discovery services being vended to libraries (worldcat local, summon, ebsco discovery service, etc.) all have their strengths, their complexity, their middle-of-the-road politician trying to be everything to everybody features. … what do we want from discovery? maybe it’s to save the time of the user…. read more » 	 					 		 			 	 				 		 putting a library in starbucks 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on august , 				 						 				 					posted in digital libraries, librarianship				 			 						 									 						 						no comments					 				 			 			 	 		it is not uncommon to find a coffee shop in a library these days. turn that concept around, though – would you expect a library inside a starbucks? or maybe that’s the wrong question – how would you react to … putting a library in starbucks read more » 	 					 		 					 				tagged with: coffee, digital library, library, monopsony, starbucks, upsell 			 				 	 				 		 week of ipad 				 				by 								 									 									jaf 								 										 							 					posted on april , 				 						 				 					posted in apple, ebooks, hardware, ipad				 			 						 									 						 						 comment					 				 			 			 	 		it has been a little over a week since my ipad was delivered, and in that time i have had the opportunity to try it out at home, at work, and on the road. in fact, i’m currently typing this … week of ipad read more » 	 					 		 					 				tagged with: apple, digital lifestyle, ipad, mobile, tablet 			 				 				 						 	 		posts navigation 		 next 					 			 		 	 	 			 	 	 				 								 				 					 						 								 				 								 									 								 							 	 								 									 								 							 	 								 									 								 							 		 		 			 			 © 		 				 			 | powered by responsive theme				 						 					 				 							 			 	 building the swib participants map | zbw labs jump to navigation 	english 	deutsch main menu 	news 	about us building the swib participants map - - by joachim neubert   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. 	 we started with a list of institution names (with country code and city, but without person ids), extracted and transformed from our conftool registration system, saved it in csv format. country names were normalized, cities were not (and only used for context information). 	 we created an openrefine project, and reconciled the institution name column with wikidata items of type q (organization, and all its subtypes). we included the country column (-> p , country) as relevant other detail, and let openrefine “auto-match candidates with high confidence”. of our original set of country/institution entries, were automaticaly matched via the wikidata reconciliation service. at the end of the conference, institutions were identified and put on the map (data set). 	 we went through all un-matched entries and either a) selected one of the suggested items, or b) looked up and tweaked the name string in wikidata, or in google, until we found an according wikipedia page, openend the linked wikidata object from there, and inserted the qid in openrefine, or c) created a new wikidata item (if the institution seemed notable), or d) attached “not yet determined” (q ) where no wikidata item (yet) exists, or e) attached “undefined value” (q ) where no institution had been given 	 the results were exported from openrefine into a .tsv file (settings) 	again via a script, we loaded conftool participants data, built a lookup table from all available openrefine results (country/name string -> wd item qid), aggregated participant counts per qid, and loaded that data into a custom sparql endpoint, which is accessible from the wikidata query service. as in step , for all (new) institution name strings, which were not yet mapped to wikidata, a .csv file was produced. (an additional remark: if no approved custom sparql endpoint is available, it is feasible to generate a static query with all data in it’s “values” clause.) 	 during the preparation of the conference, more and more participants registered, which required multiple loops: use the csv file of step and re-iterate, starting at step . (since i found no straightforward way to update an existing openrefine project with extended data, i created a new project with new input and output files for every iteration.) 	 finally, to display the map we could run a federated query on wdqs. it fetches the institution items from the custom endpoint and enriches them from wikidata with name, logo and image of the institution (if present), as well as with geographic coordinates, obtained directly or indirectly as follows: a) item has “coodinate location” (p ) itself, or b) item has “headquarters location” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “located in administrative entity” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “country” item (p /p ) applying this method, only one institution item could not be located on the map. data improvements the way to improve the map was to improve the data about the items in wikidata - which also helps all future wikidata users. new items for a few institutions, new items were created: 	burundi association of librarians, archivists and documentalists 	fao representation in kenya 	aurora information technology 	istituto di informatica giuridica e sistemi giudiziari for another institutions, mostly private companies, no items were created due to notability concerns. everything else already had an item in wikidata! improvement of existing items in order to improve the display on the map, we enhanced selected items in wikidata in various ways: 	add english label 	add type (instance of) 	add headquarter location 	add image and/or logo and we hope, that participants of the conference also took the opportunity to make their institution “look better”, by adding for example an image of it to the wikidata knowledge base. putting wikidata into use for a completely custom purpose thus created incentives for improving “the sum of all human knowledge” step by tiny step.       wikidata for authorities linked data   	log in or register to post comments tags in dbpedia - web taxonomy your browser does not support canvas. 	application programming interface 	authority control 	drupal 	economics 	electronic publishing 	impact factor 	linked data 	organizer 	recommender system 	repository (publishing) 	thesaurus 	wikidata search form search (rdf/xml, turtle, nt)   imprint   privacy powered by drupal internet alchemy internet alchemy 	serverless: why microfunctions > microservices 	gorecipes: fin 	another blog refresh 	why service architectures should focus on workflows 	help me crowdfund my game amberfell hanging together hanging together the oclc research blog 	the way forward to a more open future … together on november , astrid verheusen (executive director of&# ;liber), and oclc research program officers rebecca bryant and titia van der werf presented a&# ;webinar&# ;to summarize the&# ;oclc-liber open science discussion series. this &# ; the post the way forward to a more open future … together appeared first on hanging together. 	さようなら (sayōnara) this is my th—and last—blog post. i’m retiring at the end of november, something i’ve deferred as i’ve had such a great time hanging with all of you—staff at our &# ; the post さようなら (sayōnara) appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on citizen science thanks to sarah bartlett, technology writer, for contributing this guest blog post. how is citizen science—the active contribution of the general public in scientific research activities—developing, and what should research &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on citizen science appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc research and the national finding aid network project we are&# ;very pleased to share details about our involvement in the&# ;building a&# ;national finding aid network&# ;project,&# ;which&# ;has received funding from the institute of museum and library services. oclc will be working&# ;with&# ;the university &# ; the post oclc research and the national finding aid network project appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on research integrity what does research integrity mean in an ideal open science ecosystem and how can libraries contribute to heighten professional ethics and standards required by open science? the sixth session of &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on research integrity appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on skills i had the pleasure of attending the oclc-liber open science skills discussion. before sketching the landscape of the ideal future state, one of the participants suggested we start with a &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on skills appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on metrics and rewards what is the role of metrics and rewards in an ideal open science ecosystem? what are the challenges in getting there? what would collective action look like? the fourth session &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on metrics and rewards appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on research infrastructures and the european open science cloud (eosc) thanks to astrid verheusen, executive director of liber, for contributing this guest blog post. what is the ideal future vision for the european open science cloud (eosc) in the global &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on research infrastructures and the european open science cloud (eosc) appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on the fair principles what is the ideal future vision of an open science ecosystem supporting fair data? what are the challenges in getting there? these were the topics of the second installment of &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on the fair principles appeared first on hanging together. 	oclc-liber open science discussion on scholarly publishing recently oclc research and liber (the association of european research libraries) hosted the first of seven small group discussions comprising the oclc-liber open science discussion series. this discussion series, which &# ; the post oclc-liber open science discussion on scholarly publishing appeared first on hanging together. the code lib journal the code lib journal 	editorial: for pandemic times such as this a pandemic changes the world and changes libraries. 	open source tools for scaling data curation at qdr this paper describes the development of services and tools for scaling data curation services at the qualitative data repository (qdr). through a set of open-source tools, semi-automated workflows, and extensions to the dataverse platform, our team has built services for curators to efficiently and effectively publish collections of qualitatively derived data. the contributions we seek to make in this paper are as follows: . we describe ‘human-in-the-loop’ curation and the tools that facilitate this model at qdr; . we provide an in-depth discussion of the design and implementation of these tools, including applications specific to the dataverse software repository, as well as standalone archiving tools written in r; and . we highlight the role of providing a service layer for data discovery and accessibility of qualitative data. keywords: data curation; open-source; qualitative data 	from text to map: combing named entity recognition and geographic information systems this tutorial shows readers how to leverage the power of named entity recognition (ner) and geographic information systems (gis) to extract place names from text, geocode them, and create a public-facing map. this process is highly useful across disciplines. for example, it can be used to generate maps from historical primary sources, works of literature set in the real world, and corpora of academic scholarship. in order to lead the reader through this process, the authors work with a article sample of the covid- open research dataset challenge (cord- ) dataset. as of the date of writing, cord- includes , full-text articles with metadata. using this sample, the authors demonstrate how to extract locations from the full-text with the spacy library in python, highlight methods to clean up the extracted data with the pandas library, and finally teach the reader how to create an interactive map of the places using arcgis online. the processes and code are described in a manner that is reusable for any corpus of text 	using integrated library systems and open data to analyze library cardholders the harrison public library in westchester county, new york operates two library buildings in harrison: the richard e. halperin memorial library building (the library’s main building, located in downtown harrison) and a west harrison branch location. as part of its latest three-year strategic plan, the library sought to use existing resources to improve understanding of its cardholders at both locations. to do so, we needed to link the circulation data in our integrated library system, evergreen, to geographic data and demographic data. we decided to build a geodemographic heatmap that incorporated all three aforementioned types of data. using evergreen, american community survey (acs) data, and google maps, we plotted each cardholder’s residence on a map, added census boundaries (called tracts) and our town’s borders to the map, and produced summary statistics for each tract detailing its demographics and the library card usage of its residents. in this article, we describe how we acquired the necessary data and built the heatmap. we also touch on how we safeguarded the data while building the heatmap, which is an internal tool available only to select authorized staff members. finally, we discuss what we learned from the heatmap and how libraries can use open data to benefit their communities. 	update oclc holdings without paying additional fees: a patchwork approach accurate oclc holdings are vital for interlibrary loan transactions. however, over time weeding projects, replacing lost or damaged materials, and human error can leave a library with a catalog that is no longer reflected through oclc. while oclc offers reclamation services to bring poorly maintained collections up-to-date, the associated fee may be cost prohibitive for libraries with limited budgets. this article will describe the process used at austin peay state university to identify, isolate, and update holdings using oclc collection manager queries, marcedit, excel, and python. some portions of this process are completed using basic coding; however, troubleshooting techniques will be included for those with limited previous experience. 	data reuse in linked data projects: a comparison of alma and share-vde bibframe networks this article presents an analysis of the enrichment, transformation, and clustering used by vendors casalini libri/@cult and ex libris for their respective conversions of marc data to bibframe. the analysis considers the source marc data used by alma then the enrichment and transformation of marc data from share-vde partner libraries. the clustering of linked data into a bibframe network is a key outcome of data reuse in linked data projects and fundamental to the improvement of the discovery of library collections on the web and within search systems. 	collectionbuilder-contentdm: developing a static web ‘skin’ for contentdm-based digital collections unsatisfied with customization options for contentdm, librarians at university of idaho library have been using a modern static web approach to creating digital exhibit websites that sit in front of the digital repository. this "skin" is designed to provide users with new pathways to discover and explore collection content and context. this article describes the concepts behind the approach and how it has developed into an open source, data-driven tool called collectionbuilider-contentdm. the authors outline the design decisions and principles guiding the development of collectionbuilder, and detail how a version is used at the university of idaho library to collaboratively build digital collections and digital scholarship projects. 	automated collections workflows in gobi: using python to scrape for purchase options the nc state university libraries has developed a tool for querying gobi, our print and ebook ordering vendor platform, to automate monthly collections reports. these reports detail purchase options for missing or long-overdue items, as well as popular items with multiple holds. gobi does not offer an api, forcing staff to conduct manual title-by-title searches that previously took up to hours per month. to make this process more efficient, we wrote a python script that automates title searches and the extraction of key data (price, date of publication, binding type) from gobi. this tool can gather data for hundreds of titles in half an hour or less, freeing up time for other projects. this article will describe the process of creating this script, as well as how it finds and selects data in gobi. it will also discuss how these results are paired with nc state’s holdings data to create reports for collection managers. lastly, the article will examine obstacles that were experienced in the creation of the tool and offer recommendations for other organizations seeking to automate collections workflows. 	testing remote access to e-resource with codeceptjs at the badische landesbibliothek karlsruhe (blb) we offer a variety of e-resources with different access requirements. on the one hand, there is free access to open access material, no matter where you are. on the other hand, there are e-resources that you can only access when you are in the rooms of the blb. we also offer e-resources that you can access from anywhere, but you must have a library account for authentication to gain access. to test the functionality of these access methods, we have created a project to automatically test the entire process from searching our catalogue, selecting a hit, logging in to the provider's site and checking the results. for this we use the end end testing framework codeceptjs. 	editorial an abundance of information sharing. 	leveraging google drive for digital library object storage this article will describe a process at the university of kentucky libraries for utilizing an unlimited google drive for education account for digital library object storage. for a number of recent digital library projects, we have used google drive for both archival file storage and web derivative file storage. as a part of the process, a google drive api script is deployed in order to automate the gathering of of google drive object identifiers. also, a custom omeka plugin was developed to allow for referencing web deliverable files within a web publishing platform via object linking and embedding. for a number of new digital library projects, we have moved toward a small vm approach to digital library management where the vm serves as a web front end but not a storage node. this has necessitated alternative approaches to storing web addressable digital library objects. one option is the use of google drive for storing digital objects. an overview of our approach is included in this article as well as links to open source code we adopted and more open source code we produced. 	building a library search infrastructure with elasticsearch this article discusses our implementation of an elastic cluster to address our search, search administration and indexing needs, how it integrates in our technology infrastructure, and finally takes a close look at the way that we built a reusable, dynamic search engine that powers our digital repository search. we cover the lessons learned with our early implementations and how to address them to lay the groundwork for a scalable, networked search environment that can also be applied to alternative search engines such as solr. 	how to use an api management platform to easily build local web apps setting up an api management platform like dreamfactory can open up a lot of possibilities for potential projects within your library. with an automatically generated restful api, the university libraries at virginia tech have been able to create applications for gathering walk-in data and reference questions, public polling apps, feedback systems for service points, data dashboards and more. this article will describe what an api management platform is, why you might want one, and the types of potential projects that can quickly be put together by your local web developer. 	git and gitlab in library website change management workflows library websites can benefit from a separate development environment and a robust change management workflow, especially when there are multiple authors. this article details how the oakland university william beaumont school of medicine library use git and gitlab in a change management workflow with a serverless development environment for their website development team. git tracks changes to the code, allowing changes to be made and tested in a separate branch before being merged back into the website. gitlab adds features such as issue tracking and discussion threads to git to facilitate communication and planning. adoption of these tools and this workflow have dramatically improved the organization and efficiency of the ouwb medical library web development team, and it is the hope of the authors that by sharing our experience with them others may benefit as well. 	experimenting with a machine generated annotations pipeline the ucla library reorganized its software developers into focused subteams with one, the labs team, dedicated to conducting experiments. in this article we describe our first attempt at conducting a software development experiment, in which we attempted to improve our digital library’s search results with metadata from cloud-based image tagging services. we explore the findings and discuss the lessons learned from our first attempt at running an experiment. 	leveraging the rbms/bsc latin place names file with python to answer the relatively straight-forward question “which rare materials in my library catalog were published in venice?” requires an advanced knowledge of geography, language, orthography, alphabet graphical changes, cataloging standards, transcription practices, and data analysis. the imprint statements of rare materials transcribe place names more faithfully as it appears on the piece itself, such as venetus, or venetiae, rather than a recognizable and contemporary form of place name, such as venice, italy. rare materials catalogers recognize this geographic discoverability and selection issue and solve it with a standardized solution. to add consistency and normalization to imprint locations, rare materials catalogers utilize hierarchical place names to create a special imprint index. however, this normalized and contemporary form of place name is often missing from legacy bibliographic records. this article demonstrates using a traditional rare materials cataloging aid, the rbms/bsc latin place names file, with programming tools, jupyter notebook and python, to retrospectively populate a special imprint index for th-century rare materials. this methodology enriched , machine readable cataloging (marc) bibliographic records with hierarchical place names (marc fields) as part of a small pilot project. this article details a partially automated solution to this geographic discoverability and selection issue; however, a human component is still ultimately required to fully optimize the bibliographic data. 	tweeting tennessee’s collections: a case study of a digital collections twitterbot implementation this article demonstrates how a twitterbot can be used as an inclusive outreach initiative that breaks down the barriers between the web and the reading room to share materials with the public. these resources include postcards, music manuscripts, photographs, cartoons and any other digitized materials. once in place, twitterbots allow physical materials to converge with the technical and social space of the web. twitterbots are ideal for busy professionals because they allow librarians to make meaningful impressions on users without requiring a large time investment. this article covers the recent implementation of a digital collections bot (@utkdigcollbot) at the university of tennessee, knoxville (utk), and provides documentation and advice on how you might develop a bot to highlight materials at your own institution. 	building strong user experiences in libguides with bootstrapr and reviewr with nearly fifty subject librarians creating libguides, the libguides management team at notre dame needed a way to both empower guide authors to take advantage of the powerful functionality afforded by the bootstrap framework native to libguides, and to ensure new and extant library guides conformed to brand/identity standards and the best practices of user experience (ux) design. to accomplish this, we developed an online handbook to teach processes and enforce styles; a web app to create twitter bootstrap components for use in guides (bootstrapr); and a web app to radically speed the review and remediation of guides, as well as better communicate our changes to guide authors (reviewr). this article describes our use of these three applications to balance empowering guide authors against usefully constraining them to organizational standards for user experience. we offer all of these tools as foss under an mit license so that others may freely adapt them for use in their own organization. 	iiif by the numbers the ucla library began work on building a suite of services to support iiif for their digital collections. the services perform image transformations and delivery as well as manifest generation and delivery. the team was unsure about whether they should use local or cloud-based infrastructure for these services, so they conducted some experiments on multiple infrastructure configurations and tested them in scenarios with varying dimensions. 	trust, but verify: auditing vendor-supplied accessibility claims despite a long-overdue push to improve the accessibility of our libraries’ online presences, much of what we offer to our patrons comes from third party vendors: discovery layers, opacs, subscription databases, and so on. we can’t directly affect the accessibility of the content on these platforms, but rely on vendors to design and test their systems and report on their accessibility through voluntary product accessibility templates (vpats). but vpats are self-reported. what if we want to verify our vendors’ claims? we can’t thoroughly test the accessibility of hundreds of vendor systems, can we? in this paper, we propose a simple methodology for spot-checking vpats. since most websites struggle with the same accessibility issues, spot checking particular success criteria in a library vendor vpat can tip us off to whether the vpat as a whole can be trusted. our methodology combines automated and manual checking, and can be done without any expensive software or complex training. what’s more, we are creating a repository to share vpat audit results with others, so that we needn’t all audit the vpats of all our systems. 	editorial on diversity and mentoring 	scraping bepress: downloading dissertations for preservation this article will describe our process developing a script to automate downloading of documents and secondary materials from our library's bepress repository. our objective was to collect the full archive of dissertations and associated files from our repository into a local disk for potential future applications and to build out a preservation system. unlike at some institutions, our students submit directly into bepress, so we did not have a separate repository of the files; and the backup of bepress content that we had access to was not in an ideal format (for example, it included "withdrawn" items and did not effectively isolate electronic theses and dissertations). perhaps more importantly, the fact that bepress was not sword-enabled and lacked a robust api or batch export option meant that we needed to develop a data-scraping approach that would allow us to both extract files and have metadata fields populated. using a csv of all of our records provided by bepress, we wrote a script to loop through those records and download their documents, placing them in directories according to a local schema. we dealt with over , records and about three times that many items, and now have an established process for retrieving our files from bepress. details of our experience and code are included. 	persistent identifiers for heritage objects persistent identifiers (pid’s) are essential for getting access and referring to library, archive and museum (lam) collection objects in a sustainable and unambiguous way, both internally and externally. heritage institutions need a universal policy for the use of pid’s in order to have an efficient digital infrastructure at their disposal and to achieve optimal interoperability, leading to open data, open collections and efficient resource management. here the discussion is limited to pid’s that institutions can assign to objects they own or administer themselves. pid’s for people, subjects etc. can be used by heritage institutions, but are generally managed by other parties. the first part of this article consists of a general theoretical description of persistent identifiers. first of all, i discuss the questions of what persistent identifiers are and what they are not, and what is needed to administer and use them. the most commonly used existing pid systems are briefly characterized. then i discuss the types of objects pid’s can be assigned to. this section concludes with an overview of the requirements that apply if pids should also be used for linked data. the second part examines current infrastructural practices, and existing pid systems and their advantages and shortcomings. based on these practical issues and the pros and cons of existing pid systems a list of requirements for pid systems is presented which is used to address a number of practical considerations. this section concludes with a number of recommendations. 	dimensions & vosviewer bibliometrics in the reference interview the vosviewer software provides easy access to bibliometric mapping using data from dimensions, scopus and web of science. the properly formatted and structured citation data, and the ease in which it can be exported open up new avenues for use during citation searches and reference interviews. this paper details specific techniques for using advanced searches in dimensions, exporting the citation data, and drawing insights from the maps produced in vos viewer. these search techniques and data export practices are fast and accurate enough to build into reference interviews for graduate students, faculty, and post-phd researchers. the search results derived from them are accurate and allow a more comprehensive view of citation networks embedded in ordinary complex boolean searches. 	automating authority control processes authority control is an important part of cataloging since it helps provide consistent access to names, titles, subjects, and genre/forms. there are a variety of methods for providing authority control, ranging from manual, time-consuming processes to automated processes. however, the automated processes often seem out of reach for small libraries when it comes to using a pricey vendor or expert cataloger. this paper introduces ideas on how to handle authority control using a variety of tools, both paid and free. the author describes how their library handles authority control; compares vendors and programs that can be used to provide varying levels of authority control; and demonstrates authority control using marcedit. 	managing electronic resources without buying into the library vendor singularity over the past decade, the library automation market has faced continuing consolidation. many vendors in this space have pushed towards monolithic and expensive library services platforms. other vendors have taken "walled garden" approaches which force vendor lock-in due to lack of interoperability. for these reasons and others, many libraries have turned to open-source integrated library systems (ilses) such as koha and evergreen. these systems offer more flexibility and interoperability options, but tend to be developed with a focus on public libraries and legacy print resource functionality. they lack tools important to academic libraries such as knowledge bases, link resolvers, and electronic resource management systems (erms). several open-source erm options exist, including coral and folio. this article analyzes the current state of these and other options for libraries considering supplementing their open-source ils either alone, hosted or in a consortial environment. 	shiny fabric: a lightweight, open-source tool for visualizing and reporting library relationships this article details the development and functionalities of an open-source application called fabric. fabric is a simple to use application that renders library data in the form of network graphs (sociograms). fabric is built in r using the shiny package and is meant to offer an easy-to-use alternative to other software, such as gephi and ucinet. in addition to being user friendly, fabric can run locally as well as on a hosted server. this article discusses the development process and functionality of fabric, use cases at the new college of florida's jane bancroft cook library, as well as plans for future development. 	analyzing and normalizing type metadata for a large aggregated digital library the illinois digital heritage hub (idhh) gathers and enhances metadata from contributing institutions around the state of illinois and provides this metadata to the digital public library of america (dpla) for greater access. the idhh helps contributors shape their metadata to the standards recommended and required by the dpla in part by analyzing and enhancing aggregated metadata. in late , the idhh undertook a project to address a particularly problematic field, type metadata. this paper walks through the project, detailing the process of gathering and analyzing metadata using the dpla api and openrefine, data remediation through xsl transformations in conjunction with local improvements by contributing institutions, and the dpla ingestion system’s quality controls. 	scaling iiif image tiling in the cloud the international archive of women in architecture, established at virginia tech in , collects books, biographical information, and published materials from nearly countries that are divided into around collections. in order to provide public access to these collections, we built an application using the iiif apis to pre-generate image tiles and manifests which are statically served in the aws cloud. we established an automatic image processing pipeline using a suite of aws services to implement microservices in lambda and docker. by doing so, we reduced the processing time for terabytes of images from weeks to days. in this article, we describe our serverless architecture design and implementations, elaborate the technical solution on integrating multiple aws services with other techniques into the application, and describe our streamlined and scalable approach to handle extremely large image datasets. finally, we show the significantly improved performance compared to traditional processing architectures along with a cost evaluation. 	where do we go from here: a review of technology solutions for providing access to digital collections the university of toronto libraries is currently reviewing technology to support its collections u of t service. collections u of t provides search and browse access to digital collections (and over , digital objects) at the university of toronto libraries. digital objects typically include special collections material from the university as well as faculty digital collections, all with unique metadata requirements. the service is currently supported by iiif-enabled islandora, with one fedora back end and multiple drupal sites per parent collection (see attached image). like many institutions making use of islandora, utl is now confronted with drupal end of life and has begun to investigate a migration path forward. this article will summarise the collections u of t functional requirements and lessons learned from our current technology stack. it will go on to outline our research to date for alternate solutions. the article will review both emerging micro-service solutions, as well as out-of-the-box platforms, to provide an overview of the digital collection technology landscape in . note that our research is focused on reviewing technology solutions for providing access to digital collections, as preservation services are offered through other services at the university of toronto libraries. none dan cohen dan cohen vice provost, dean, and professor at northeastern university 	when we look back on , what will we see? it is far too early to understand what happened in this historic year of , but not too soon to grasp what we will write that history from: data—really big data, gathered from our devices and ourselves. sometimes a new technology provides an important lens through which a historical event is recorded, viewed, and remembered. [&# ;] 	more than that “less talk, more&# ;grok.” that was one of our early mottos at&# ;thatcamp, the humanities and technology camp, which started at the roy rosenzweig center for history and new media at george mason university in . it was a riff on “less talk, more rock,” the motto of waaf, the hard rock station in worcester, massachusetts. and [&# ;] 	humane ingenuity: my new newsletter with the start of this academic year, i&# ;m launching a new newsletter to explore technology that helps rather than hurts human understanding, and human understanding that helps us create better technology. it&# ;s called humane ingenuity, and you can subscribe here. (it&# ;s free, just drop your email address into that link.) subscribers to this blog know [&# ;] 	engagement is the enemy of serendipity whenever i&# ;m grumpy about an update to a technology i use, i try to perform a self-audit examining why i&# ;m unhappy about this change. it&# ;s a helpful exercise since we are all by nature resistant to even minor alterations to the technologies we use every day (which is why website redesign is now a synonym [&# ;] 	on the response to my atlantic essay on the decline in the use of print books in universities i was not expecting—but was gratified to see—an enormous response to my latest piece in the atlantic, &# ;the books of college libraries are turning into wallpaper,&# ; on the seemingly inexorable decline in the circulation of print books on campus. i&# ;m not sure that i&# ;ve ever written anything that has generated as much feedback, commentary, and [&# ;] 	what’s new season wrap-up with the end of the academic year at northeastern university, the library wraps up our what&# ;s new podcast, an interview series with researchers who help us understand, in plainspoken ways, some of the latest discoveries and ideas about our world. this year&# ;s slate of podcasts, like last year&# ;s, was extraordinarily diverse, ranging from the threat [&# ;] 	when a presidential library is digital i&# ;ve got a new piece over at the atlantic on barack obama&# ;s prospective presidential library, which will be digital rather than physical. this has caused some consternation. we need to realize, however, that the obama library is already largely digital: the vast majority of the record his presidency left behind consists not of evocative handwritten [&# ;] 	robin sloan’s fusion of technology and humanity when roy rosenzweig and i wrote digital history years ago, we spent a lot of time thinking about the overall tone and approach of the book. it seemed to us that there were, on the one hand, a lot of our colleagues in professional history who were adamantly opposed to the use of digital [&# ;] 	presidential libraries and the digitization of our lives buried in the recent debates (new york times, chicago tribune, the public historian) about the nature, objectives, and location of the obama presidential center is the inexorable move toward a world in which virtually all of the documentation about our lives is digital. to make this decades-long shift—now almost complete—clear, i made the following infographic [&# ;] 	kathleen fitzpatrick’s generous thinking generosity and thoughtfulness are not in abundance right now, and so kathleen fitzpatrick&# ;s important new book, generous thinking: a radical approach to saving the university, is wholeheartedly welcome. the generosity kathleen seeks relates to lost virtues, such as listening to others and deconstructing barriers between groups. as such, generous thinking can be helpfully read alongside [&# ;] commonplace.net commonplace.net data. the final frontier. 	infrastructure for heritage institutions – ark pid’s in the digital infrastructure program at the library of the university of amsterdam we have reached a first milestone. in my previous post in the infrastructure for heritage institutions series, &# ;change of course&# ;, i mentioned the coming implementation of ark persistent identifiers for our collection objects. since november , , ark pid&# ;s are available for our university library alma catalogue through the primo user interface. implementation of ark pid&# ;s for the other collection description systems [&# ;] 	infrastructure for heritage institutions – change of course in july i published the first post about our planning to realise a “coherent and future proof digital infrastructure” for the library of the university of amsterdam. in february i reported on the first results. as frequently happens, since then the conditions have changed, and naturally we had to adapt the direction we are following to achieve our goals. in other words: a change of course, of course. &# ;projects&# ; i will leave aside the [&# ;] 	infrastructure for heritage institutions – first results in july i published the post&# ;infrastructure for heritage institutions in which i described our planning to realise a&# ;“coherent and future proof digital infrastructure” for the library of the university of amsterdam. time to look back: how far have we come? and time to look forward: what&# ;s in store for the near future? ongoing activities i mentioned three &# ;currently ongoing activities&# ;:&# ; monitoring and advising on infrastructural aspects of new projects maintaining a structured dynamic overview [&# ;] 	infrastructure for heritage institutions during my vacation i saw this tweet by liber about topics to address, as suggested by the participants of the liber conference in dublin: it shows a word cloud (yes, a word cloud) containing a large number of terms. i list the ones i can read without zooming in (so the most suggested ones, i guess), more or less grouped thematically: open scienceopen dataopen accesslicensingcopyrightslinked open dataopen educationcitizen science scholarly communicationdigital humanities/dhdigital scholarshipresearch assessmentresearch [&# ;] 	ten years linked open data this post is the english translation of my original article in dutch, published in meta ( - ), the flemish journal for information professionals. ten years after the term “linked data” was introduced by tim berners-lee it appears to be time to take stock of the impact of linked data for libraries and other heritage institutions in the past and in the future. i will do this from a personal historical perspective, as a library technology professional, [&# ;] 	maps, dictionaries and guidebooks interoperability in heterogeneous library data landscapes libraries have to deal with a highly opaque landscape of heterogeneous data sources, data types, data formats, data flows, data transformations and data redundancies, which i have earlier characterized as a “data maze”. the level and magnitude of this opacity and heterogeneity varies with the amount of content types and the number of services that the library is responsible for. academic and national libraries are possibly dealing with more [&# ;] 	standard deviations in data modeling, mapping and manipulation or: anything goes. what are we thinking? an impression of elag this year’s elag conference in stockholm was one of many questions. not only the usual questions following each presentation (always elicited in the form of yet another question: “any questions?”). but also philosophical ones (why? what?). and practical ones (what time? where? how? how much?). and there were some answers too, fortunately. this is my rather personal impression of the event. for a [&# ;] 	analysing library data flows for efficient innovation in my work at the library of the university of amsterdam i am currently taking a step forward by actually taking a step back from a number of forefront activities in discovery, linked open data and integrated research information towards a more hidden, but also more fundamental enterprise in the area of data infrastructure and information architecture. all for a good cause, for in the end a good data infrastructure is essential for delivering high [&# ;] 	looking for data tricks in libraryland ifla annual world library and information congress lyon &# ; libraries, citizens, societies: confluence for knowledge after attending the ifla library linked data satellite meeting in paris i travelled to lyon for the first three days (august - ) of the ifla annual world library and information congress. this year’s theme “libraries, citizens, societies: confluence for knowledge” was named after the confluence or convergence of the rivers rhône and saône where the city of [&# ;] 	library linked data happening on august the ifla satellite meeting ‘linked data in libraries: let&# ;s make it happen!’ took place at the national library of france in paris. rurik greenall (who also wrote a very readable conference report) and i had the opportunity to present our paper ‘an unbroken chain: approaches to implementing linked open data in libraries; comparing local, open-source, collaborative and commercial systems’. in this paper we do not go into reasons for libraries to [&# ;] none library hat library hat http://www.bohyunkim.net/blog/ 	blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases * this post was also published in acrl techconnect.*** blockchain holds a great potential for both innovation and disruption. the adoption of blockchain also poses certain risks, and those risks will need to be addressed and mitigated before blockchain becomes mainstream. a lot of people have heard of blockchain at this point. but many are [&# ;] 	taking diversity to the next level ** this post was also published in acrl techconnect on dec. , .*** getting minorities on board i recently moderated a panel discussion program titled “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums.” participating in organizing this program was interesting experience. during the whole time, i experienced my perspective constantly shifting [&# ;] 	from need to want: how to maximize social impact for libraries, archives, and museums at the ndp at three event organized by imls yesterday, sayeed choudhury on the “open scholarly communications” panel suggested that libraries think about return on impact in addition to return on investment (roi). he further elaborated on this point by proposing a possible description of such impact. his description was that when an object or [&# ;] 	how to price d printing service fees ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on may. , .*** many libraries today provide d printing service. but not all of them can afford to do so for free. while free d printing may be ideal, it can jeopardize the sustainability of the service over time. nevertheless, many libraries tend to worry [&# ;] 	post-election statements and messages that reaffirm diversity these are statements and messages sent out publicly or internally to re-affirm diversity, equity, and inclusion by libraries or higher ed institutions. i have collected these &# ; some myself and many others through my fellow librarians. some of them were listed on my blog post, &# ;finding the right words in post-election libraries and higher ed.&# ; [&# ;] 	finding the right words in post-election libraries and higher ed ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on nov. , .*** this year’s election result has presented a huge challenge to all of us who work in higher education and libraries. usually, libraries, universities, and colleges do not comment on presidential election result and we refrain from talking about politics at work. but [&# ;] 	say it out loud – diversity, equity, and inclusion i usually and mostly talk about technology. but technology is so far away from my thought right now. i don’t feel that i can afford to worry about internet surveillance or how to protect privacy at this moment. not that they are unimportant. such a worry is real and deserves our attention and investigation. but [&# ;] 	cybersecurity, usability, online privacy, and digital surveillance ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on may. , .*** cybersecurity is an interesting and important topic, one closely connected to those of online privacy and digital surveillance. many of us know that it is difficult to keep things private on the internet. the internet was invented to share things with others [&# ;] 	three recent talks of mine on ux, data visualization, and it management i have been swamped at work and pretty quiet here in my blog. but i gave a few talks recently. so i wanted to share those at least. i presented about how to turn the traditional library it department and its operation that is usually behind the scene into a more patron-facing unit at the recent american library association midwinter [&# ;] 	near us and libraries, robots have arrived ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on oct.  , .*** the movie, robot and frank, describes the future in which the elderly have a robot as their companion and also as a helper. the robot monitors various activities that relate to both mental and physical health and helps frank with various house chores. [&# ;] zotero zotero collect, organize, cite, and share your research 	move zotero citations between google docs, word, and libreoffice last year, we added google docs integration to zotero, bringing to google docs the same powerful citation functionality — with support for over , citation styles — that zotero offers in word and libreoffice. today we&# ;re adding a feature that lets you move documents between google docs and word or libreoffice while preserving active zotero citations. [&# ;] 	retracted item notifications with retraction watch integration zotero can now help you avoid relying on retracted publications in your research by automatically checking your database and documents for works that have been retracted. we&# ;re providing this service in partnership with retraction watch, which maintains the largest database of retractions available, and we&# ;re proud to help sustain their important work. how it works [&# ;] 	scan books into zotero from your iphone or ipad zotero makes it easy to collect research materials with a single click as you browse the web, but what do you do when you want to add a real, physical book to your zotero library? if you have an iphone or ipad running ios , you can now save a book to zotero just by [&# ;] 	zotero comes to google docs we&# ;re excited to announce the availability of zotero integration with google docs, joining zotero&# ;s existing support for microsoft word and libreoffice. the same powerful functionality that zotero has long offered for traditional word processors is now available for google docs. you can quickly search for items in your zotero library, add page numbers and other [&# ;] 	improved pdf retrieval with unpaywall integration as an organization dedicated to developing free and open-source research tools, we care deeply about open access to scholarship. with the latest version of zotero, we&# ;re excited to make it easier than ever to find pdfs for the items in your zotero library. while zotero has always been able to download pdfs automatically as you [&# ;] 	introducing zoterobib: perfect bibliographies in minutes we think zotero is the best tool for almost anyone doing serious research, but we know that a lot of people — including many students — don’t need all of zotero’s power just to create the occasional bibliography. today, we’re introducing zoterobib, a free service to help people quickly create perfect bibliographies. powered by the same technology [&# ;] 	zotero . . : new pdf features, faster citing in large documents, and more the latest version of zotero introduces some major improvements for pdf-based workflows, a new citing mode that can greatly speed up the use of the word processor plugin in large documents, and various other improvements and bug fixes. new pdf features improved pdf metadata retrieval while the &# ;save to zotero&# ; button in the zotero connector [&# ;] 	zotero . and firefox: frequently asked questions in a unified zotero experience, we explained the changes introduced in zotero . that affect zotero for firefox users. see that post for a full explanation of the change, and read on for some additional answers. what&# ;s changing? zotero . is available only as a standalone program, and zotero . for firefox is being replaced [&# ;] 	new features for chrome and safari connectors we are excited to announce major improvements to the zotero connectors for chrome and safari. chrome the zotero connector for chrome now includes functionality that was previously available only in zotero for firefox. automatic institutional proxy detection many institutions provide a way to access electronic resources while you are off-campus by signing in to a [&# ;] 	a unified zotero experience since the introduction of zotero standalone in , zotero users have had two versions to choose from: the original firefox extension, zotero for firefox, which provides deep integration into the firefox user interface, and zotero standalone, which runs as a separate program and can be used with any browser. starting with the release of zotero [&# ;] none none free range librarian free range librarian k.g. schneider's blog on librarianship, writing, and everything else 	(dis)association i have been reflecting on the future of a national association i belong to that has struggled with relevancy and with closing the distance between itself and its members, has distinct factions that differ on fundamental matters of values, faces declining national and chapter membership, needs to catch up on the technology curve, has sometimes [&# ;] 	i have measured out my life in doodle polls you know that song? the one you really liked the first time you heard it? and even the fifth or fifteenth? but now your skin crawls when you hear it? that&# ;s me and doodle. in the last three months i have filled out at least a dozen doodle polls for various meetings outside my organization. [&# ;] 	memento dmv this morning i spent minutes in the appointment line at the santa rosa dmv to get my license renewed and converted to real id, but was told i was “too early” to renew my license, which expires in september, so i have to return after i receive my renewal notice. i could have converted [&# ;] 	an old-skool blog post i get up early these days and get stuff done &# ; banking and other elder-care tasks for my mother, leftover work from the previous day, association or service work. a lot of this is writing, but it&# ;s not writing. i have a half-dozen unfinished blog posts in wordpress, and even more in my mind. i [&# ;] 	keeping council editorial note: over half of this post was composed in july . at the time, this post could have been seen as politically neutral (where ala is the political landscape i&# ;m referring to) but tilted toward change and reform. since then, events have transpired. i revised this post in november, but at the time hesitated [&# ;] 	what burns away we are among the lucky ones. we did not lose our home. we did not spend day after day evacuated, waiting to learn the fate of where we live. we never lost power or internet. we had three or four days where we were mildly inconvenienced because pg&# ;e wisely turned off gas to many neighborhoods, [&# ;] 	neutrality is anything but &# ;we watch people dragged away and sucker-punched at rallies as they clumsily try to be an early-warning system for what they fear lies ahead.&# ; &# ; unwittingly prophetic me, march, . sometime after last november, i realized something very strange was happening with my clothes. my slacks had suddenly shrunk, even if i hadn&# ;t washed them. after [&# ;] 	mpow in the here and now i have coined a few biblioneologisms in my day, but the one that has had the longest legs is mpow (my place of work), a convenient, mildly-masking shorthand for one&# ;s institution. for the last four years i haven&# ;t had the bandwidth to coin neologisms, let alone write about mpow*. this silence could be misconstrued. i [&# ;] 	questions i have been asked about doctoral programs about six months ago i was visiting another institution when someone said to me, &# ;oh, i used to read your blog, back in the day.&# ; ah yes, back in the day, that pleistocene era when i wasn&# ;t working on a phd while holding down a big job and dealing with the rest of life&# ;s shenanigans. [&# ;] 	a scholar’s pool of tears, part : the pre in preprint means not done yet note, for two more days, january and , you (as in all of you) have free access to my article, to be real: antecedents and consequences of sexual identity disclosure by academic library directors. then it drops behind a paywall and sits there for a year. when i wrote part of this blog [&# ;] none what i learned today… what i learned today… 	taking a break i&# ;m sure those of you who are still reading have noticed that i haven&# ;t been updating this site much in the past few years. i was sharing my links with you all but now delicious has started adding ads to that. i&# ;m going to rethink how i can use this site effectively going forward. for [&# ;] 	bookmarks for may , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. start a fire grow and expand your audience by recommending your content within any link you share digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for april , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. mattermost mattermost is an open source, self-hosted slack-alternative mblock program your app, arduino projects and robots by dragging &# ; dropping fidus writer fidus writer is an online collaborative editor especially made for academics who need to use citations and/or formulas. beek social network for [&# ;] 	bookmarks for february , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. connfa open source ios &# ; android app for conferences &# ; events paperless scan, index, and archive all of your paper documents foss serve foss serve promotes student learning via participation in humanitarian free and open source software (foss) projects. disk inventory x disk inventory x is [&# ;] 	bookmarks for january , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. superpowers the open source, extensible, collaborative html d+ d game maker sequel pro sequel pro is a fast, easy-to-use mac database management application for working with mysql databases. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for december , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. open broadcaster software free, open source software for live streaming and recording digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for november , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. numfocus foundation numfocus promotes and supports the ongoing research and development of open-source computing tools through educational, community, and public channels. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for november , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. smore smore makes it easy to design beautiful and effective online flyers and newsletters. ninite install and update all your programs at once digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for november , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. vim adventures learning vim while playing a game digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for november , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. star wars: building a galaxy with code digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for october , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. open food facts open food facts gathers information and data on food products from around the world. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for october , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. versionpress wordpress meets git, properly. undo anything (including database changes), clone &# ; merge your sites, maintain efficient backups, all with unmatched simplicity. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for october , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. sogo share your calendars, address books and mails in your community with a completely free and open source solution. let your mozilla thunderbird/lightning, microsoft outlook, android, apple ical/iphone and blackberry users collaborate using a modern platform. gitbook gitbook is a modern publishing toolchain. making [&# ;] 	bookmarks for october , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. discourse discourse is the % open source discussion platform built for the next decade of the internet. it works as a mailing list, a discussion forum, and a long-form chat room digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. zulip a group chat application optimized for software development teams digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. idonethis reply to an evening email reminder with what you did that day. the next day, get a digest with what everyone on the team got done. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. vector vector is a new, fully open source communication and collaboration tool we’ve developed that’s open, secure and interoperable. based on the concept of rooms and participants, it combines a great user interface with all core functions we need (chat, file transfer, voip and [&# ;] 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. roundcube free and open source webmail software bolt bolt is an open source content management tool, which strives to be as simple and straightforward as possible. it is quick to set up, easy to configure, uses elegant templates, and above all: it’s a joy [&# ;] 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. madeye madeye is a collaborative web editor backed by your filesystem. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. gimlet your library&# ;s questions and answers put to their best use. know when your desk will be busy. everyone on your staff can find answers to difficult questions. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for september , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. thimble by mozilla thimble is an online code editor that makes it easy to create and publish your own web pages while learning html, css &# ; javascript. google coder a simple way to make web stuff on raspberry pi digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for august , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. mediagoblin mediagoblin is a free software media publishing platform that anyone can run. you can think of it as a decentralized alternative to flickr, youtube, soundcloud, etc. the architecture of open source applications a web whiteboard a web whiteboard is touch-friendly online whiteboard app [&# ;] 	bookmarks for august , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. computer science learning opportunities we have developed a range of resources, programs, scholarships, and grant opportunities to engage students and educators around the world interested in computer science. digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for august , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. pydio the mature open source alternative to dropbox and box.net digest powered by rss digest 	bookmarks for july , today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. hylafax the world&# ;s most advanced open source fax server digest powered by rss digest disruptive library technology jester disruptive library technology jester we're disrupted, we're librarians, and we're not going to take it anymore 	user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure. what had riled up the people i follow on twitter was the first presentation: “security collaboration for library resource access” by cory roach, the chief information security officer at the university of utah. many of the tweets and articles linked in tweets were about a proposal for a new round of privacy-invading technology coming from content providers as a condition of libraries subscribing to publisher content. one of the voices that i trust was urging caution: i highly recommend you listen to the talk, which was given by a university cio, and judge if this is a correct representation. fwiw, i attended the event and it is not what i took away.&mdash; lisa janicke hinchliffe (@lisalibrarian) november , as near as i can tell, much of the debate traces back to this article: scientific publishers propose installing spyware in university libraries to protect copyrights - coda story https://t.co/rtcokiukbf&mdash; open access tracking project (@oatp) november , the article describes cory’s presentation this way: one speaker proposed a novel tactic publishers could take to protect their intellectual property rights against data theft: introducing spyware into the proxy servers academic libraries use to allow access to their online services, such as publishers’ databases. the “spyware” moniker is quite scary. it is what made me want to seek out the recording from the webinar and hear the context around that proposal. my understanding (after watching the presentation) is that the proposal is not nearly as concerning. although there is one problematic area—the correlation of patron identity with requested urls—overall, what is described is a sound and common practice for securing web applications. to the extent that it is necessary to determine a user’s identity before allowing access to licensed content (an unfortunate necessity because of the state of scholarly publishing), this is an acceptable proposal. (through the university communications office, corey published a statement about the reaction to his talk.) in case you didn’t know, a web proxy server ensures the patron is part of the community of licensed users, and the publisher trusts requests that come through the web proxy server. the point of cory’s presentation is that the username/password checking at the web proxy server is a weak form of access control that is subject to four problems: phishing (sending email to tricking a user into giving up their username/password) social engineering (non-email ways of tricking a user into giving up their username/password) credential reuse (systems that are vulnerable because the user used the same password in more than one place) hactivism (users that intentionally give out their username/password so others can access resources) right after listing these four problems, cory says: “but anyway we look at it, we can safely say that this is primarily a people problem and the technology alone is not going to solve that problem. technology can help us take reasonable precautions… so long as the business model involves allowing access to the data that we’re providing and also trying to protect that same data, we’re unlikely to stop theft entirely.” his proposal is to place “reasonable precautions” in the web proxy server as it relates to the campus identity management system. this is a slide from his presentation: slide from presentation by cory roach i find this layout (and lack of labels) somewhat confusing, so i re-imagined the diagram as this: revised 'modern library design' the core of cory’s presentation is to add predictive analytics and per-user blocking automation to the analysis of the log files from the web proxy server and the identity management server. by doing so, the university can react quicker to compromised usernames and passwords. in fact, it could probably do so more quicker than the publisher could do with its own log analysis and reporting back to the university. where cory runs into trouble is this slide: slide from presentation by cory roach in this part of the presentation, cory describes the kinds of patron-identifying data that the university could-or-would collect and analyze to further the security effort. in search engine optimization, these sorts of data points are called “signals” and are used to improve the relevance of search results; perhaps there is an equivalent term in access control technology. but for now, i’ll just call them “signals”. there are some problems in gathering these signals—most notably the correlation between user identity and “urls requested”. in the presentation, he says: “you can also move over to behavioral stuff. so it could be, you know, why is a pharmacy major suddenly looking up a lot of material on astrophysics or why is a medical professional and a hospital suddenly interested in internal combustion. things that just don’t line up and we can identify fishy behavior.” it is core to the library ethos that we make our best effort to not track what a user is interested in—to not build a profile of a user’s research unless they have explicitly opted into such data collection. as librarians, we need to gracefully describe this professional ethos and work that into the design of the systems used on campus (and at the publishers). still, there is much to be said for using some of the other signals to analyze whether a particular request is from an authorized community member. for instance, cory says: “we commonly see this user coming in from the us and today it’s coming in from botswana. you know, has there been enough time that they could have traveled from the us to botswana and actually be there? have they ever access resources from that country before is there residents on record in that country?” the best part of what cory is proposing is that the signals’ storage and processing is at the university and not at the publisher. i’m not sure if cory knew this, but a recent version of ezproxy added a usagelimit directive that builds in some of these capabilities. it can set per-user limits based on the number of page requests or the amount of downloaded information over a specified interval. one wonders if somewhere in oclc’s development queue is the ability to detect ip addresses from multiple networks (geographic detection) and browser differences across a specified interval. still, pushing this up to the university’s identity provider allows for a campus-wide view of the signals…not just the ones coming through the library. also, in designing the system, there needs to be clarity about how the signals are analyzed and used. i think cory knew this as well: “we do have to be careful about not building bias into the algorithms.” yeah, the need for this technology sucks. although it was the tweet to the coda story about the presentation that blew up, the thread of the story goes through techdirt to a tangential paragraph from netzpolitik in an article about germany’s licensing struggle with elsevier. with this heritage, any review of the webinar’s ideas are automatically tainted by the distain the library community in general has towards elsevier. it is reality—an unfortunate reality, in my opinion—that the traditional scholarly journal model has publishers exerting strong copyright protection on research and ideas behind paywalls. (wouldn’t it be better if we poured the anti-piracy effort into improving scholarly communication tools in an open access world? yes, but that isn’t the world we live in.) almost every library deals with this friction by employing a web proxy server as an agent between the patron and the publisher’s content. the netzpolitik article says: …but relies on spyware in the fight against „cybercrime“ of course, sci-hub and other shadow libraries are a thorn in elsevier’s side. since they have existed, libraries at universities and research institutions have been much less susceptible to blackmail. their staff can continue their research even without a contract with elsevier. instead of offering transparent open access contracts with fair conditions, however, elsevier has adopted a different strategy in the fight against shadow libraries. these are to be fought as „cybercrime“, if necessary also with technological means. within the framework of the „scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)“, which was founded together with other large publishers, elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled „cybersecurity landscape – protecting the scholarly infrastructure“*, hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data („develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies“). with the help of an „analysis engine“, not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used—if not primarily—against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub. the other commentary that i saw was along similar lines: [is the snsi the new prism? bjoern.brembs.blog](http://bjoern.brembs.net/ / /is-the-snsi-the-new-prism/) [academics band together with publishers because access to research is a cybercrime chorasimilarity](https://chorasimilarity.wordpress.com/ / / /academics-band-together-with-publishers-because-access-to-research-is-a-cybercrime/) [whois behind snsi &amp; getftr? motley marginalia](https://csulb.edu/~ggardner/ / / /snsi-getftr/) let’s face it: any friction beyond follow-link-to-see-pdf is more friction than a researcher deserves. i doubt we would design a scholarly communication system this way were we to start from scratch. but the system is built on centuries of evolving practice, organizations, and companies. it really would be a better world if we didn’t have to spend time and money on scholarly publisher paywalls. and i’m grateful for the open access efforts that are pivoting scholarly communications into an open-to-all paradigm. that doesn’t negate the need to provide better options for content that must exist behind a paywall. so what is this snsi thing? the webinar where cory presented was the first mention i’d seen of a new group called the scholarly networks security initiative (snsi). snsi is the latest in a series of publisher-driven initiatives to reduce the paywall’s friction for paying users or library patrons coming from licensing institutions. getftr (my thoughts) and seamless access (my thoughts). (disclosure: i’m serving on two working groups for seamless access that are focused on making it possible for libraries to sensibly and sanely integrate the goals of seamless access into campus technology and licensing contracts.) interestingly, while the seamless access initiative is driven by a desire to eliminate web proxy servers, this snsi presentation upgrades a library’s web proxy server and makes it a more central tool between the patron and the content. one might argue that all access on campus should come through the proxy server to benefit from this kind of access control approach. it kinda makes one wonder about the coordination of these efforts. still, snsi is on my radar now, and i think it will be interesting to see what the next events and publications are from this group. 	as a cog in the election system: reflections on my role as a precinct election official i may nod off several times in composing this post the day after election day. hopefully, in reading it, you won’t. it is a story about one corner of democracy. it is a journal entry about how it felt to be a citizen doing what i could do to make other citizens’ voices be heard. it needed to be written down before the memories and emotions are erased by time and naps. yesterday i was a precinct election officer (peo—a poll worker) for franklin county—home of columbus, ohio. it was my third election as a peo. the first was last november, and the second was the election aborted by the onset of the coronavirus in march. (not sure that second one counts.) it was my first as a voting location manager (vlm), so i felt the stakes were high to get it right. would there be protests at the polling location? would i have to deal with people wearing candidate t-shirts and hats or not wearing masks? would there be a crash of election observers, whether official (scrutinizing our every move) or unofficial (that i would have to remove)? it turns out the answer to all three questions was “no”—and it was a fantastic day of civic engagement by peos and voters. there were well-engineered processes and policies, happy and patient enthusiasm, and good fortune along the way. this story is going to turn out okay, but it could have been much worse. because of the complexity of the election day voting process, last year franklin county started allowing peos to do some early setup on monday evenings. the early setup started at o’clock. i was so anxious to get it right that the day before i took the printout of the polling room dimensions from my vlm packet, scanned it into omnigraffle on my computer, and designed a to-scale diagram of what i thought the best layout would be. the real thing only vaguely looked like this, but it got us started. what i imagined our polling place would look like we could set up tables, unpack equipment, hang signs, and other tasks that don’t involve turning on machines or breaking open packets of ballots. one of the early setup tasks was updating the voters’ roster on the electronic poll pads. as happened around the country, there was a lot of early voting activity in franklin county, so the update file must have been massive. the electronic poll pads couldn’t handle the update; they hung at step -of- for over an hour. i called the board of elections and got ahold of someone in the equipment warehouse. we tried some of the simple troubleshooting steps, and he gave me his cell phone number to call back if it wasn’t resolved. by : , everything was done except for the poll pad updates, and the other peos were wandering around. i think it was o’clock when i said everyone could go home while the two voting location deputies and i tried to get the poll pads working. i called the equipment warehouse and we hung out on the phone for hours…retrying the updates based on the advice of the technicians called in to troubleshoot. i even “went rogue” towards the end. i searched the web for the messages on the screen to see if anyone else had seen the same problem with the poll pads. the electronic poll pad is an ipad with a single, dedicated application, so i even tried some ipad reset options to clear the device cache and perform a hard reboot. nothing worked—still stuck at step -of- . the election office people sent us home at o’clock. even on the way out the door, i tried a rogue option: i hooked a portable battery to one of the electronic polling pads to see if the update would complete overnight and be ready for us the next day. it didn’t, and it wasn’t. text from board of elections polling locations in ohio open at : in the morning, and peos must report to their sites by : . so i was up at : for a quick shower and packing up stuff for the day. early in the setup process, the board of elections sent a text that the electronic poll pads were not going to be used and to break out the “bumper packets” to determine a voter’s eligibility to vote. at some point, someone told me what “bumper” stood for. i can’t remember, but i can imagine it is back-up-something-something. “never had to use that,” the trainers told me, but it is there in case something goes wrong. well, it is the year , so was something going to go wrong? fortunately, the roster judges and one of the voting location deputies tore into the bumper packet and got up to speed on how to use it. it is an old fashioned process: the voter states their name and address, the peo compares that with the details on the paper ledger, and then asks the voter to sign beside their name. with an actual pen…old fashioned, right? the roster judges had the process down to a science. they kept the queue of verified voters full waiting to use the ballot marker machines. the roster judges were one of my highlights of the day. and boy did the voters come. by the time our polling location opened at : in the morning, they were wrapped around two sides of the building. we were moving them quickly through the process: three roster tables for checking in, eight ballot-marking machines, and one ballot counter. at our peak capacity, i think we were doing to voters an hour. as good as we were doing, the line never seemed to end. the franklin county board of elections received a grant to cover the costs of two greeters outside that helped keep the line orderly. they did their job with a welcoming smile, as did our inside greeter that offered masks and a squirt of hand sanitizer. still, the voters kept back-filling that line, and we didn’t see a break until : . the peos serving as machine judges were excellent. this was the first time that many voters had seen the new ballot equipment that franklin county put in place last year. i like this new equipment: the ballot marker prints your choices on a card that it spits out. you can see and verify your choices on the card before you slide it into a separate ballot counter. that is reassuring for me, and i think for most voters, too. but it is new, and it takes a few extra moments to explain. the machine judges got the voters comfortable with the new process. and some of the best parts of the day were when they announced to the room that a first-time voter had just put their card into the ballot counter. we would all pause and cheer. the third group of peos at our location were the paper table judges. they handle all of the exceptions. someone wants to vote with a pre-printed paper ballot rather than using a machine? to the paper table! the roster shows that someone requested an absentee ballot? that voter needs to vote a “provisional” ballot that will be counted at the board of elections office if the absentee ballot isn’t received in the mail. the paper table judges explain that with kindness and grace. in the wrong location? the paper table judges would find the correct place. the two paper table peos clearly had experience helping voters with the nuances of election processes. rounding out the team were two voting location deputies (vld). by law, a polling location can’t have a vld and a voting location manager (vlm) of the same political party. that is part of the checks and balances built into the system. one vld had been a vlm at this location, and she had a wealth of history and wisdom about running a smooth polling location. for the other vld, this was his first experience as a precinct election officer, and he jumped in with both feet to do the visible and not-so-visible things that made for a smooth operation. he reminded me a bit of myself a year ago. my first peo position was as a voting location deputy last november. the pair handled a challenging curbside voter situation where it wasn’t entirely clear if one of the voters in the car was sick. i’d be so lucky to work with them again. the last two hours of the open polls yesterday were dreadfully dull. after the excitement of the morning, we may have averaged a voter every minutes for those last two hours. everyone was ready to pack it in early and go home. (polls in ohio close at : , so counting the hour early for setup and the half an hour for tear down, this was going to be a to hour day.) over the last hour, i gave the peos little tasks to do. at one point, i said they could collect the barcode scanners attached to the ballot markers. we weren’t using them anyway because the electronic poll pads were not functional. then, in stages (as it became evident that there was no final rush of voters), they could pack up one or two machines and put away tables. our second to last voter was someone in medical scrubs that just got off their shift. i scared our last voter because she walked up to the roster table at : : . thirty seconds later, i called out that the polls are closed (as i think a vlm is required to do), and she looked at me startled. (she got to vote, of course; that’s the rule.) she was our last voter; voters in our precinct that day. then our team packed everything up as efficiently as they had worked all day. we had put away the equipment and signs, done our final counts, closed out the ballot counter, and sealed the ballot bin. at : , we were done and waving goodbye to our host facility’s office manager. one of the vld rode along with me to the board of elections to drop off the ballots, and she told me of a shortcut to get there. we were among the first reporting results for franklin county. i was home again by a quarter of —exhausted but proud. i’m so happy that i had something to do yesterday. after weeks of concern and anxiety for how the election was going to turn out, it was a welcome bit of activity to ensure the election was held safely and that voters got to have their say. it was certainly more productive than continually reloading news and election results pages. the anxiety of being put in charge of a polling location was set at ease, too. i’m proud of our polling place team and that the voters in our charge seemed pleased and confident about the process. maybe you will find inspiration here. if you voted, hopefully it felt good (whether or not the result turned out as you wanted). if you voted for the first time, congratulations and welcome to the club (be on the look-out for the next voting opportunity…likely in the spring). if being a poll worker sounded like fun, get in touch with your local board of elections (here is information about being a poll worker in franklin county). democracy is participatory. you’ve got to tune in and show up to make it happen. certificate of appreciation 	running an all-online conference with zoom [post removed] this is an article draft that was accidentally published. i hope to work on a final version soon. if you really want to see it, i saved a copy on the internet archive wayback machine. 	with gratitude for the niso ann marie cunningham service award during the inaugural niso plus meeting at the end of february, i was surprised and proud to receive the ann marie cunningham service award. todd carpenter, niso’s executive director, let me know by tweet as i was not able to attend the conference. pictured in that tweet is my co-recipient, christine stohn, who serves niso with me as the co-chair of the information delivery and interchange topic committee. this got me thinking about what niso has meant to me. as i think back on it, my activity in niso spans at least four employers and many hours of standard working group meetings, committee meetings, presentations, and ballot reviews. niso ann marie cunningham service award i did not know ms cunningham, the award’s namesake. my first job started when she was the nfais executive director in the early s, and i hadn’t been active in the profession yet. i read her brief biography on the niso website: the ann marie cunningham service award was established in to honor nfais members who routinely went above and beyond the normal call of duty to serve the organization. it is named after ann marie cunningham who, while working with abstracting and information services such as biological abstracts and the institute for scientific information (both now part of niso-member clarivate analytics), worked tirelessly as an dedicated nfais volunteer. she ultimately served as the nfais executive director from to when she died unexpectedly. niso is pleased to continue to present this award to honor a niso volunteer who has shown the same sort of commitment to serving our organization. as i searched the internet for her name, i came across the proceedings of the nfais meeting, in which ms cunningham wrote the introduction with wendy wicks. these first sentences from some of the paragraphs of that introduction are as true today as they were then: in an era of rapidly expanding network access, time and distance no longer separate people from information. much has been said about the global promise of the internet and the emerging concept of linking information highways, to some people, “free” ways. what many in the networking community, however, seem to take for granted is the availability of vital information flowing on these high-speed links. i wonder what ms cunningham of would think of the information landscape today? hypertext linking has certainly taken off, if not taken over, the networked information landscape. how that interconnectedness has improved with the adaptation of print-oriented standards and the creation of new standards that match the native capabilities of the network. in just one corner of that space, we have the adoption of pdf as a faithful print replica and html as a common tool for displaying information. in another corner, marc has morphed into a communication format that far exceeds its original purpose of encoding catalog cards; we have an explosion of purpose-built metadata schemas and always the challenge of finding common ground in tools like dublin core and schema.org. we’ve seen several generations of tools and protocols for encoding, distributing, and combining data in new ways to reach users. and still we strive to make it better…to more easily deliver a paper to its reader—a dataset to its next experimenter—an idea to be built upon by the next generation. it is that communal effort to make a better common space for ideas that drives me forward. to work in a community at the intersection of libraries, publishers, and service providers is an exciting and fulfilling place to be. i’m grateful to my employers that have given me the ability to participate while bringing the benefits of that connectedness to my organizations. i was not able to be at niso plus to accept the award in person, but i was so happy to be handed it by jason griffey of niso about a week later during the code lib conference in pittsburgh. what made that even more special was to learn that jason created it on his own d printer. thank you to the new nfais-joined-with-niso community for honoring me with this service award. 	tethering a ubiquity network to a mobile hotspot i saw it happen. the cable-chewing device the contractor in the neighbor’s back yard with the ditch witch trencher burying a cable. i was working outside at the patio table and just about to go into a zoom meeting. then the internet dropped out. suddenly, and with a wrenching feeling in my gut, i remembered where the feed line was buried between the house and the cable company’s pedestal in the right-of-way between the properties. yup, he had just cut it. to be fair, the utility locator service did not mark the my cable’s location, and he was working for a different cable provider than the one we use. (there are three providers in our neighborhood.) it did mean, though, that our broadband internet would be out until my provider could come and run another line. it took an hour of moping about the situation to figure out a solution, then another couple of hours to put it in place: an iphone tethered to a raspberry pi that acted as a network bridge to my home network’s unifi security gateway p. network diagram with tethered iphone a few years ago i was tired of dealing with spotty consumer internet routers and upgraded the house to unifi gear from ubiquity. rob pickering, a college comrade, had written about his experience with the gear and i was impressed. it wasn’t a cheap upgrade, but it was well worth it. (especially now with four people in the household working and schooling from home during the covid- outbreak.) the unifi security gateway has three network ports, and i was using two: one for the uplink to my cable internet provider (wan) and one for the local area network (lan) in the house. the third port can be configured as another wan uplink or as another lan port. and you can tell the security gateway to use the second wan as a failover for the first wan (or as load balancing the first wan). so that is straight forward enough, but do i get the personal hotspot on the iphone to the second wan port? that is where the raspberry pi comes in. the raspberry pi is a small computer with usb, ethernet, hdmi, and audio ports. the version i had laying around is a raspberry pi —an older model, but plenty powerful enough to be the network bridge between the iphone and the home network. the toughest part was bootstrapping the operating system packages onto the pi with only the iphone personal hotspot as the network. that is what i’m documenting here for future reference. bootstrapping the raspberry pi the raspberry pi runs its own operating system called raspbian (a debian/linux derivative) as well as more mainstream operating systems. i chose to use the ubuntu server for raspberry pi instead of raspbian because i’m more familiar with ubuntu. i tethered my macbook pro to the iphone to download the ubuntu . . lts image and follow the instructions for copying that disk image to the pi’s microsd card. that allows me to boot the pi with ubuntu and a basic set of operating system packages. the challenge: getting the required networking packages onto the pi it would have been really nice to plug the iphone into the pi with a usb-lightning cable and have it find the tethered network. that doesn’t work, though. ubuntu needs at least the usbmuxd package in order to see the tethered iphone as a network device. that package isn’t a part of the disk image download. and of course i can’t plug my pi into the home network to download it (see first paragraph of this post). my only choice was to tether the pi to the iphone over wifi with a usb network adapter. and that was a bit of ubuntu voodoo. fortunately, i found instructions on configuring ubuntu to use a wpa-protected wireless network (like the one that the iphone personal hotspot is providing). in brief: sudo -i cd /root wpa_passphrase my_ssid my_ssid_passphrase &gt; wpa.conf screen -q wpa_supplicant -dwext -iwlan -c/root/wpa.conf &lt;control-a&gt; c dhclient -r dhclient wlan explanation of lines: use sudo to get a root shell change directory to root’s home use the wpa_passphrase command to create a wpa.conf file. replace my_ssid with the wireless network name provided by the iphone (your iphone’s name) and my_ssid_passphrase with the wireless network passphrase (see the “wi-fi password” field in settings -&gt; personal hotspot). start the screen program (quietly) so we can have multiple pseudo terminals. run the wpa_supplicant command to connect to the iphone wifi hotspot. we run this the foreground so we can see the status/error messages; this program must continue running to stay connected to the wifi network. use the screen hotkey to create a new pseudo terminal. this is control-a followed by a letter c. use dhclient to clear out any dhcp network parameters use dhclient to get an ip address from the iphone over the wireless network. now i was at the point where i could install ubuntu packages. (i ran ping www.google.com to verify network connectivity.) to install the usbmuxd and network bridge packages (and their prerequisites): apt-get install usbmuxd bridge-utils if your experience is like mine, you’ll get an error back: couldn't get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend the ubuntu pi machine is now on the network, and the automatic process to install security updates is running. that locks the ubuntu package registry until it finishes. that took about minutes for me. (i imagine this varies based on the capacity of your tethered network and the number of security updates that need to be downloaded.) i monitored the progress of the automated process with the htop command and tried the apt-get command when it finished. if you are following along, now would be a good time to skip ahead to configuring the unifi security gateway if you haven’t already set that up. turning the raspberry pi into a network bridge with all of the software packages installed, i restarted the pi to complete the update: shutdown -r now while it was rebooting, i pulled out the usb wireless adapter from the pi and plugged in the iphone’s usb cable. the pi now saw the iphone as eth , but the network did not start until i went to the iphone to say that i “trust” the computer that it is plugged into. when i did that, i ran these commands on the ubuntu pi: dhclient eth brctl addbr iphonetether brctl addif iphonetether eth eth brctl stp iphonetether on ifconfig iphonetether up explanation of lines: get an ip address from the iphone over the usb interface add a network bridge (the iphonetether is an arbitrary string; some instructions simply use br for the zero-ith bridge) add the two ethernet interfaces to the network bridge turn on the spanning tree protocol (i don’t think this is actually necessary, but it does no harm) bring up the bridge interface the bridge is now live! thanks to amitkumar pal for the hints about using the pi as a network bridge. more details about the bridge networking software is on the debian wiki. configuring the unifi security gateway i have a unifi cloud key, so i could change the configuration of the unifi network with a browser. (you’ll need to know the ip address of the cloud key; hopefully you have that somewhere.) i connected to my cloud key at https:// . . . : / and clicked through the self-signed certificate warning. first i set up a second wide area network (wan—your uplink to the internet) for the iphone personal hotspot: settings -&gt; internet -&gt; wan networks. select “create a new network”: network name: backup wan ipv connection type: use dhcp ipv connection types: use dhcpv dns server: . . . and . . . (cloudflare’s dns servers) load balancing: failover only the last selection is key…i wanted the gateway to only use this wan interfaces as a backup to the main broadband interface. if the broadband comes back up, i want to stop using the tethered iphone! second, assign the backup wan to the lan /wan port on the security gateway (devices -&gt; gateway -&gt; ports -&gt; configure interfaces): port wan /lan network: wan speed/duplex: autonegotiate apply the changes to provision the security gateway. after about seconds, the security gateway failed over from “wan iface eth ” (my broadband connection) to “wan iface eth ” (my tethered iphone through the pi bridge). these showed up as alerts in the unifi interface. performance and results so i’m pretty happy with this setup. the family has been running simultaneous zoom calls and web browsing on the home network, and the performance has been mostly normal. web pages do take a little longer to load, but whatever zoom is using to dynamically adjust its bandwidth usage is doing quite well. this is chewing through the mobile data quota pretty fast, so it isn’t something i want to do every day. knowing that this is possible, though, is a big relief. as a bonus, the iphone is staying charged via the amp power coming through the pi. 	managing remote conference presenters with zoom bringing remote presenters into a face-to-face conference is challenging and fraught with peril. in this post, i describe a scheme using zoom that had in-person attendees forgetting that the presenter was remote! the code lib conference was this week, and with the covid- pandemic breaking through many individuals and institutions made decisions to not travel to pittsburgh for the meeting. we had an unprecedented nine presentations that were brought into the conference via zoom. i was chairing the livestream committee for the conference (as i have done for several years—skipping last year), so it made the most sense for me to arrange a scheme for remote presenters. with the help of the on-site a/v contractor, we were able to pull this off with minimal requirements for the remote presenter. list of requirements zoom pro accounts pc/mac with video output, as if you were connecting an external monitor (the “receiving zoom” computer) pc/mac (the “coordinator zoom” computer) usb audio interface hardwired network connection for the receiving zoom computer (recommended) the pro-level zoom accounts were required because we needed to run a group call for longer than minutes (to include setup time). and two were needed: one for the coordinator zoom machine and one for the dedicated receiving zoom machine. it would have been possible to consolidate the two zoom pro accounts and the two pc/mac machines into one, but we had back-to-back presenters at code lib, and i wanted to be able to help one remote presenter get ready while another was presenting. in addition to this equipment, the a/v contractor was indispensable in making the connection work. we fed the remote presenter’s video and audio from the receiving zoom computer to the contractor’s a/v switch through hdmi, and the contractor put the video on the ballroom projectors and audio through the ballroom speakers. the contractor gave us a selective audio feed of the program audio minus the remote presenter’s audio (so they wouldn’t hear themselves come back through the zoom meeting). this becomes a little clearer in the diagram below. physical connections and setup this diagram shows the physical connections between machines. the audio mixer and video switch were provided and run by the a/v contractor. the receiving zoom machine was the one that is connected to the a/v contractor’s video switch via an hdmi cable coming off the computer’s external monitor connection. in the receiving zoom computer’s control panel, we set the external monitor to mirror what was on the main monitor. the audio and video from the computer (i.e., the zoom call) went out the hdmi cable to the a/v contractor’s video switch. the a/v contractor took the audio from the receiving zoom computer through the video switch and added it to the audio mixer as an input channel. from there, the audio was sent out to the ballroom speakers the same way audio from the podium microphone was amplified to the audience. we asked the a/v contractor to create an audio mix that includes all of the audio sources except the receiving zoom computer (e.g., in-room microphones) and plugged that into the usb audio interface. that way, the remote presenter could hear the sounds from the ballroom—ambient laughter, questions from the audience, etc.—in their zoom call. (note that it was important to remove the remote presenter’s own speaking voice from this audio mix; there was a significant, distracting delay between the time the presenter spoke and the audio was returned to them through the zoom call.) we used a hardwired network connection to the internet, and i would recommend that—particularly with tech-heavy conferences that might overflow the venue wi-fi. (you don’t want your remote presenter’s zoom to have to compete with what attendees are doing.) be aware that the hardwired network connection will cost more from the venue, and may take some time to get functioning since this doesn’t seem to be something that hotels often do. in the zoom meeting, we unmuted the microphone and selected the usb audio interface as the microphone input. as the zoom meeting was connected, we made the meeting window full-screen so the remote presenter’s face and/or presentation were at the maximum size on the ballroom projectors. setting up the zoom meetings the two zoom accounts came from the open library foundation. (thank you!) as mentioned in the requirements section above, these were pro-level accounts. the two accounts were olf_host @openlibraryfoundation.org and olf_host @openlibraryfoundation.org. the olf_host account was used for the receiving zoom computer, and the olf_host account was used for the coordinator zoom computer. the zoom meeting edit page looked like this: this is for the “code lib remote presenter a” meeting with the primary host as olf_host @openlibraryfoundation.org. note these settings: a recurring meeting that ran from : am to : pm each day of the conference. enable join before host is checked in case the remote presenter got on the meeting before i did. record the meeting automatically in the cloud to use as a backup in case something goes wrong. alternative hosts is olf_host @openlibraryfoundation.org the “code lib remote presenter b” meeting was exactly the same except the primary host was olf_host , and olf_host was added as an alternative host. the meetings were set up with each other as the alternative host so that the coordinator zoom computer could start the meeting, seamlessly hand it off to the receiving zoom computer, then disconnect. preparing the remote presenter remote presenters were given this information: code lib will be using zoom for remote presenters. in addition to the software, having the proper audio setup is vital for a successful presentation. microphone: the best option is a headset or earbuds so a microphone is close to your mouth. built-in laptop microphones are okay, but using them will make it harder for the audience to hear you. speaker: a headset or earbuds are required. do not use your computer’s built-in speakers. the echo cancellation software is designed for small rooms and cannot handle the delay caused by large ballrooms. you can test your setup with a test zoom call. be sure your microphone and speakers are set correctly in zoom. also, try sharing your screen on the test call so you understand how to start and stop screen sharing. the audience will see everything on your screen, so quit/disable/turn-off notifications that come from chat programs, email clients, and similar tools. plan to connect to the zoom meeting minutes before your talk to work out any connection or setup issues. at the -minute mark before the remote presentation, i went to the ballroom lobby and connected to the designated zoom meeting for the remote presenter using the coordinator zoom computer. i used this checklist with each presenter: check presenter’s microphone level and sound quality (make sure headset/earbud microphone is being used!) check presenter’s speakers and ensure there is no echo test screen-sharing (start and stop) with presenter remind presenter to turn off notifications from chat programs, email clients, etc. remind the presenter that they need to keep track of their own time; there is no way for us to give them cues about timing other than interrupting them when their time is up the critical item was making sure the audio worked (that their computer was set to use the headset/earbud microphone and audio output). the result was excellent sound quality for the audience. when the remote presenter was set on the zoom meeting, i returned to the a/v table and asked a livestream helper to connect the receiving zoom to the remote presenter’s zoom meeting. at this point, the remote presenter can hear the audio in the ballroom of the speaker before them coming through the receiving zoom computer. now i would lock the zoom meeting to prevent others from joining and interrupting the presenter (from the zoom participants panel, select more then lock meeting). i hung out on the remote presenter’s meeting on the coordinator zoom computer in case they had any last-minute questions. as the speaker in the ballroom was finishing up, i wished the remote presenter well and disconnected the coordinator zoom computer from the meeting. (i always selected leave meeting rather than end meeting for all so that the zoom meeting continued with the remote presenter and the receiving zoom computer.) as the remote presenter was being introduced—and the speaker would know because they could hear it in their zoom meeting—the a/v contractor switched the video source for the ballroom projectors to the receiving zoom computer and unmuted the receiving zoom computer’s channel on the audio mixer. at this point, the remote speaker is off-and-running! last thoughts this worked really well. surprisingly well. so well that i had a few people comment that they were taken aback when they realized that there was no one standing at the podium during the presentation. i’m glad i had set up the two zoom meetings. we had two cases where remote presenters were back-to-back. i was able to get the first remote presenter set up and ready on one zoom meeting while preparing the second remote presenter on the other zoom meeting. the most stressful part was at the point when we disconnected the first presenter’s zoom meeting and quickly connected to the second presenter’s zoom meeting. this was slightly awkward for the second remote presenter because they didn’t hear their full introduction as it happened and had to jump right into their presentation. this could be solved by setting up a second receiving zoom computer, but this added complexity seemed to be too much for the benefit gained. i would definitely recommend making this setup a part of the typical a/v preparations for future code lib conferences. we don’t know when an individual’s circumstances (much less a worldwide pandemic) might cause a last-minute request for a remote presentation capability, and the overhead of the setup is pretty minimal. 	what is known about getftr at the end of in early december , a group of publishers announced get-full-text-research, or getftr for short. there was a heck of a response on social media, and the response was—on the whole—not positive from my librarian-dominated corner of twitter. for my early take on getftr, see my december rd blog post “publishers going-it-alone (for now?) with getftr.” as that post title suggests, i took the five founding getftr publishers to task on their take-it-or-leave-it approach. i think that is still a problem. to get you caught up, here is a list of other commentary. roger schonfeld’s december rd “publishers announce a major new service to plug leakage” piece in the scholarly kitchen tweet from herbert van de sompel, the lead author of the openurl spec, on solving the appropriate copy problem december th post “get to fulltext ourselves, not getftr.” on the open access button blog twitter thread on december th between @cshillum and @lisalibrarian on the positioning of getftr in relation to link resolvers and an unanswered question about how getftr aligns with library interests twitter thread started by @tac_niso on december th looking for more information with a link to an stm association presentation added by @aarontay a tree of tweets starting from @mrgunn’s [i don’t trust publishers to decide] is the crux of the whole thing. in particular, threads of that tweet that include jason griffey of niso saying he knew nothing about getftr and bernhard mittermaier’s point about hidden motivations behind getftr twitter thread started by @aarontay on december th saying “getftr is bad for researchers/readers and librarians. it only benefits publishers, change my mind.” lisa janicke hinchliffe’s december th “why are librarians concerned about getftr?” in the scholarly kitchen and take note of the follow-up discussion in the comments twitter thread between @alison_mudditt and @lisalibrarian clarifying plos is not on the advisory board with some @tac_niso as well. ian mulvany’s december th “thoughts on getftr” on scholcommsprod getftr’s december th “updating the community” post on their website the spanish federation of associations of archivists, librarians, archaeologists, museologists and documentalists (anabad)’s december th “getftr: new publishers service to speed up access to research articles” (original in spanish, google translate to english) december th news entry from econtent pro with the title “what getftr means for journal article access” which i’ll only quarrel with this sentence: “thus, getftr is a service where academic articles are found and provided to you at absolutely no cost.” no—if you are in academia the cost is born by your library even if you don’t see it. but this seems like a third party service that isn’t directly related to publishers or libraries, so perhaps they can be forgiven for not getting that nuance. wiley’s chemistry views news post on december th titled simply “get full text research (getftr)” is perhaps only notable for the sentence “growing leakage has steadily eroded the ability of the publishers to monetize the value they create.” if you are looking for a short list of what to look at, i recommend these posts. getftr’s community update on december —after the two posts i list below—an “updating the community” web page was posted to the getftr website. from a public relations perspective, it was…interesting. we are committed to being open and transparent this section goes on to say, “if the community feels we need to add librarians to our advisory group we will certainly do so and we will explore ways to ensure we engage with as many of our librarian stakeholders as possible.” if the getftr leadership didn’t get the indication between december and december that librarians feel strongly about being at the table, then i don’t know what will. and it isn’t about being on the advisory group; it is about being seen and appreciated as important stakeholders in the research discovery process. i’m not sure who the “community” is in this section, but it is clear that librarians are—at best—an afterthought. that is not the kind of “open and transparent” that is welcoming. later on in the questions about library link resolvers section is this sentence: we have, or are planning to, consult with existing library advisory boards that participating publishers have, as this enables us to gather views from a significant number of librarians from all over the globe, at a range of different institutions. as i said in my previous post, i don’t know why getftr is not engaging in existing cross-community (publisher/technology-supplier/library) organizations to have this discussion. it feels intentional, which colors the perception of what the publishers are trying to accomplish. to be honest, i don’t think the publishers are using getftr to drive a wedge between library technology service providers (who are needed to make getftr a reality for libraries) and libraries themselves. but i can see how that interpretation could be made. understandably, we have been asked about privacy. i punted on privacy in my previous post, so let’s talk about it here. it remains to be seen what is included in the getftr api request between the browser and the publisher site. sure, it needs to include the doi and a token that identifies the patron’s institution. we can inspect that api request to ensure nothing else is included. but the fact that the design of getftr has the browser making the call to the publisher site means that the publisher site knows the ip address of the patron’s browser, and the ip address can be considered personally identifiable information. this issue could be fixed by having the link resolver or the discovery layer software make the api request, and according to the questions about library link resolvers section of the community update, this may be under consideration. so, yes, an auditable privacy policy and implementation is key for for getftr. getftr is fully committed to supporting third-party aggregators this is good to hear. i would love to see more information published about this, including how discipline-specific repositories and institutional repositories can have their holdings represented in getftr responses. my take-a-ways in the second to last paragraph: “researchers should have easy, seamless pathways to research, on whatever platform they are using, wherever they are.” that is a statement that i think every library could sign onto. this updating the community is a good start, but the project has dug a deep hole of trust and it hasn’t reached level ground yet. lisa janicke hinchliffe’s “why are librarians concerned about getftr?” posted on december th in the scholarly kitchen, lisa outlines a series of concerns from a librarian perspective. i agree with some of these; others are not an issue in my opinion. librarian concern: the connection to seamless access many librarians have expressed a concern about how patron information can leak to the publisher through ill-considered settings at an institution’s identity provider. seamless access can ease access control because it leverages a campus’ single sign-on solution—something that a library patron is likely to be familiar with. if the institution’s identity provider is overly permissive in the attributes about a patron that get transmitted to the publisher, then there is a serious risk of tying a user’s research activity to their identity and the bad things that come from that (patrons self-censoring their research paths, commoditization of patron activity, etc.). i’m serving on a seamless access task force that is addressing this issue, and i think there are technical, policy, and education solutions to this concern. in particular, i think some sort of intermediate display of the attributes being transmitted to the publisher is most appropriate. librarian concern: the limited user base enabled as lisa points out, the population of institutions that can take advantage of seamless access, a prerequisite for getftr, is very small and weighted heavily towards well-resourced institutions. to the extent that projects like seamless access (spurred on by a desire to have getftr-like functionality) helps with the adoption of saml-based infrastructure like shibboleth, then the whole academic community benefits from a shared authentication/identity layer that can be assumed to exist. librarian concern: the insertion of new stumbling blocks of the issues lisa mentioned here, i’m not concerned about users being redirected to their campus single sign-on system in multiple browsers on multiple machines. this is something we should be training users about—there is a single website to put your username/password into for whatever you are accessing at the institution. that a user might already be logged into the institution single sign-on system in the course of doing other school work and never see a logon screen is an attractive benefit to this system. that said, it would be useful for an api call from a library’s discovery layer to a publisher’s getftr endpoint to be able to say, “this is my user. trust me when i say that they are from this institution.” if that were possible, then the seamless access where-are-you-from service could be bypassed for the getftr purpose of determining whether a user’s institution has access to an article on the publisher’s site. it would sure be nice if librarians were involved in the specification of the underlying protocols early on so these use cases could be offered. update lisa reached out on twitter to say (in part): “issue is getftr doesn’t redirect and sa doesnt when you are ipauthenticated. hence user ends up w mishmash of experience.” i went back to read her scholarly kitchen post and realized i did not fully understand her point. if getftr is relying on a seamless access token to know which institution a user is coming from, then that token must get into the user’s browser. the details we have seen about getftr don’t address how that seamless access institution token is put in the user’s browser if the user has not been to the seamless access select-your-institution portal. one such case is when the user is coming from an ip-address-authenticated computer on a campus network. do the getftr indicators appear even when the seamless access institution token is not stored in the browser? if at the publisher site the getftr response also uses the institution ip address table to determine entitlements, what does a user see when they have neither the seamless access institution token nor the institution ip address? and, to lisa’s point, how does one explain this disparity to users? is the situation better if the getftr determination is made in the link resolver rather than in the user browser? librarian concern: exclusion from advisory committee see previous paragraph. that librarians are not at the table offering use cases and technical advice means that the developers are likely closing off options that meet library needs. addressing those needs would ease the acceptance of the getftr project as mutually beneficial. so an emphatic “agree!” with lisa on her points in this section. publishers—what were you thinking? librarian concern: getftr replacing the library link resolver libraries and library technology companies are making significant investments in tools that ease the path from discovery to delivery. would the library’s link resolver benefit from a real-time api call to a publisher’s service that determines the direct url to a specific doi? oh, yes—that would be mighty beneficial. the library could put that link right at the top of a series of options that include a link to a version of the article in a green open access repository, redirection to a content aggregator, one-click access to an interlibrary-loan form, or even an option where the library purchases a copy of the article on behalf of the patron. (more likely, the link resolver would take the patron right to the article url supplied by getftr, but the library link resolver needs to be in the loop to be able to offer the other options.) my take-a-ways the patron is affiliated with the institution, and the institution (through the library) is subscribing to services from the publisher. the institution’s library knows best what options are available to the patron (see above section). want to know why librarians are concerned? because they are inserting themselves as the arbiter of access to content, whether it is in the patron’s best interest or not. it is also useful to reinforce lisa’s closing paragraph: whether getftr will act to remediate these concerns remains to be seen. in some cases, i would expect that they will. in others, they may not. publishers’ interests are not always aligned with library interests and they may accept a fraying relationship with the library community as the price to pay to pursue their strategic goals. ian mulvany’s “thoughts on getftr” ian’s entire post from december th in scholcommsprod is worth reading. i think it is an insightful look at the technology and its implications. here are some specific comments: clarifying the relation between seamlessaccess and getftr there are a couple of things that i disagree with: ok, so what is the difference, for the user, between seamlessaccess and getftr? i think that the difference is the following - with seamless access you the user have to log in to the publisher site. with getftr if you are providing pages that contain dois (like on a discovery service) to your researchers, you can give them links they can click on that have been setup to get those users direct access to the content. that means as a researcher, so long as the discovery service has you as an authenticated user, you don’t need to even think about logins, or publisher access credentials. to the best of my understanding, this is incorrect. with seamlessaccess, the user is not “logging into the publisher site.” if the publisher site doesn’t know who a user is, the user is bounced back to their institution’s single sign-on service to authenticate. if the publisher site doesn’t know where a user is from, it invokes the seamlessaccess where-are-you-from service to learn which institution’s single sign-on service is appropriate for the user. if a user follows a getftr-supplied link to a publisher site but the user doesn’t have the necessary authentication token from the institution’s single sign-on service, then they will be bounced back for the username/password and redirected to the publisher’s site. getftr signaling that an institution is entitled to view an article does not mean the user can get it without proving that they are a member of the institution. what does this mean for green open access a key point that ian raises is this: one example of how this could suck, lets imagine that there is a very usable green oa version of an article, but the publisher wants to push me to using some “e-reader limited functionality version” that requires an account registration, or god forbid a browser exertion, or desktop app. if the publisher shows only this limited utility version, and not the green version, well that sucks. oh, yeah…that does suck, and it is because the library—not the publisher of record—is better positioned to know what is best for a particular user. will getftr be adopted? ian asks, “will google scholar implement this, will other discovery services do so?” i do wonder if getftr is big enough to attract the attention of google scholar and microsoft research. my gut tells me “no”: i don’t think google and microsoft are going to add getftr buttons to their search results screens unless they are paid a lot. as for google scholar, it is more likely that google would build something like getftr to get the analytics rather than rely on a publisher’s version. i’m even more doubtful that the companies pushing getftr can convince discovery layers makers to embed getftr into their software. since the two widely adopted discovery layers (in north america, at least) are also aggregators of journal content, i don’t see the discovery-layer/aggregator companies devaluing their product by actively pushing users off their site. my take-a-ways it is also useful to reinforce ian’s closing paragraph: i have two other recommendations for the getftr team. both relate to building trust. first up, don’t list orgs as being on an advisory board, when they are not. secondly it would be great to learn about the team behind the creation of the service. at the moment its all very anonymous. where do we stand? wow, i didn’t set out to write , words on this topic. at the start i was just taking some time to review everything that happened since this was announced at the start of december and see what sense i could make of it. it turned into a literature review of sort. while getftr has some powerful backers, it also has some pretty big blockers: can getftr help spur adoption of seamless access enough to convince big and small institutions to invest in identity provider infrastructure and single sign-on systems? will getftr grab the interest of google, google scholar, and microsoft research (where admittedly a lot of article discovery is already happening)? will developers of discovery layers and link resolvers prioritize getftr implementation in their services? will libraries find enough value in getftr to enable it in their discovery layers and link resolvers? would libraries argue against getftr in learning management systems, faculty profile systems, and other campus systems if its own services cannot be included in getftr displays? i don’t know, but i think it is up to the principles behind getftr to make more inclusive decisions. the next steps is theirs. 	publishers going-it-alone (for now?) with getftr in early december , a group of publishers announced get-full-text-research, or getftr for short. i read about this first in roger schonfeld’s “publishers announce a major new service to plug leakage” piece in the scholarly kitchen via jeff pooley’s twitter thread and blog post. details about how this works are thin, so i’m leaning heavily on roger’s description. i’m not as negative about this as jeff, and i’m probably a little more opinionated than roger. this is an interesting move by publishers, and—as the title of this post suggests—i am critical of the publisher’s “go-it-alone” approach. first, some disclosure might be in order. my background has me thinking of this in the context of how it impacts libraries and library consortia. for the past four years, i’ve been co-chair of the niso information discovery and interchange topic committee (and its predecessor, the “discovery to delivery” topic committee), so this is squarely in what i’ve been thinking about in the broader library-publisher professional space. i also traced the early development of ra and more recently am volunteering on the seamlessaccess entity category and attribute bundles working group; that’ll become more important a little further down this post. i was nodding along with roger’s narrative until i stopped short here: the five major publishing houses that are the driving forces behind getftr are not pursuing this initiative through one of the major industry collaborative bodies. all five are leading members of the stm association, niso, orcid, crossref, and chorus, to name several major industry groups. but rather than working through one of these existing groups, the houses plan instead to launch a new legal entity.  while [vice president of product strategy &amp; partnerships for wiley todd] toler and [senior director, technology strategy &amp; partnerships for the american chemical society ralph] youngen were too politic to go deeply into the details of why this might be, it is clear that the leadership of the large houses have felt a major sense of mismatch between their business priorities on the one hand and the capabilities of these existing industry bodies. at recent industry events, publishing house ceos have voiced extensive concerns about the lack of cooperation-driven innovation in the sector. for example, judy verses from wiley spoke to this issue in spring , and several executives did so at frankfurt this fall. in both cases, long standing members of the scholarly publishing sector questioned if these executives perhaps did not realize the extensive collaborations driven through crossref and orcid, among others. it is now clear to me that the issue is not a lack of knowledge but rather a concern at the executive level about the perceived inability of existing collaborative vehicles to enable the new strategic directions that publishers feel they must pursue.  this is the publishers going-it-alone. to see roger describe it, they are going to create this web service that allows publishers to determine the appropriate copy for a patron and do it without input from the libraries. librarians will just be expected to put this web service widget into their discovery services to get “colored buttons indicating that the link will take [patrons] to the version of record, an alternative pathway, or (presumably in rare cases) no access at all.” (let’s set aside for the moment the privacy implications of having a fourth-party web service recording all of the individual articles that come up in a patron’s search results.) librarians will not get to decide the “alternative pathway” that is appropriate for the patron: “some publishers might choose to provide access to a preprint or a read-only version, perhaps in some cases on some kind of metered basis.” (roger goes on to say that he “expect[s] publishers will typically enable some alternative version for their content, in which case the vast majority of scholarly content will be freely available through publishers even if it is not open access in terms of licensing.” i’m not so confident.) no, thank you. if publishers want to engage in technical work to enable libraries and others to build web services that determine the direct link to an article based on a doi, then great. libraries can build a tool that consumes that information as well as takes into account information about preprint services, open access versions, interlibrary loan and other methods of access. but to ask libraries to accept this publisher-controlled access button in their discovery layers, their learning management systems, their scholarly profile services, and their other tools? that sounds destined for disappointment. i am only somewhat encouraged by the fact that ra started out as a small, isolated collaboration of publishers before they brought in niso and invited libraries to join the discussion. did it mean that it slowed down deployment of ra ? undoubtedly yes. did persnickety librarians demand transparent discussions and decisions about privacy-related concerns like what attributes the publisher would get about the patron in the shibboleth-powered backchannel? yes, but because the patrons weren’t there to advocate for themselves. will it likely mean wider adoption? i’d like to think so. have publishers learned that forcing these kinds of technologies onto users without consultation is a bad idea? at the moment it would appear not. some of what publishers are seeking with getftr can be implemented with straight-up openurl or—at the very least—limited-scope additions to openurl (the z . open standard!). so that they didn’t start with openurl, a robust existing standard, is both concerning and annoying. i’ll be watching and listening for points of engagement, so i remain hopeful. a few words about jeff pooley’s five-step “laughably creaky and friction-filled effort” that is seamlessaccess. many of the steps jeff describes are invisible and well-established technical protocols. what jeff fails to take into account is the very visible and friction-filled effect of patrons accessing content beyond the boundaries of campus-recognized internet network addresses. those patrons get stopped at step two with a “pay $ please” message. i’m all for removing that barrier entirely by making all published content “open access”. it is folly to think, though, that researchers and readers can enforce an open access business model on all publishers, so solutions like seamlessaccess will have a place. (which is to say nothing of the benefit of inter-institutional resource collaboration opened up by a more widely deployed shibboleth infrastructure powered by seamlessaccess.) 	reflections on “responsibilities of citizenship for immigrants and our daughter” eighteen years ago, on friday, september th, , i was honored to be asked to participate in a naturalization ceremony for new citizens of the united states in a courtroom of judge alvin thompson in hartford, connecticut. i published those remarks on a website that has long since gone dormant. in light of the politics of the day, i was thinking back to that ceremony and what it meant to me to participate. i regret the corny reference to star trek, but i regret nothing else i said on that day. i titled the remarks “responsibilities of citizenship for immigrants and our daughter”. good afternoon. i’m honored to be here as you take your final step to become a citizen of the united states of america. my wife celeste, who will soon give birth to another new american citizen, is here to celebrate this joyous occasion with you. and if you’ll pardon the musings of a proud soon-to-be father, i would like to share some thoughts about citizenship inspired by this ceremony and the impending arrival of our first child. our daughter will be a citizen by birth, but you have made a choice to become an american. this choice may or may not have been easy for you, but i have the utmost respect for you for making that choice. i don’t know what compelled you to submit yourself to the naturalization process – perhaps economic, political, social, or religious reasons. i have to think that you did it to better your life and the lives of your family. but you should know that the process does not stop here. along with the rights of citizenship come the responsibilities expected of you. perhaps you are more aware of these responsibilities than i given your choice to become a citizen, but please allow me to enumerate some of them. exercise your right to be heard on matters of concern to you. vote in every election that you can. when asked to do so, eagerly perform your duty as a member of a jury. watch what is happening around you, and form your own opinions. practice your religion and respect the right of others to do the same. these are the values we will try to instill in our daughter; i hope you take them to heart, instill them in your family members, and inspire your fellow citizens to do the same. but as you take this final, formal step of citizenship, be aware that becoming an american does not mean you have to leave your native culture behind. a part of american culture is the ’s show star trek, which promoted the concept of idic: infinite diversity in infinite combinations. in that futuristic world, diverse cultures and ideas are respected with the realization that society is stronger because of them. while we cannot claim to have reached that ideal world, one can say that the american dream is best realized when our diversity is celebrated and shared by the members of this country. my daughter will be the celebration of that diversity: the product of irish, german, polish, and english immigrants. by adding your own history and experiences to the fabric of our country, you make america stronger. in addition to all of the formal responsibilities asked of you as a new citizen, i charge you to share with your fellow citizens that which makes you unique. our past honored citizens fought hard to make this country what it is today. as they showed courage, we too must be prepared to show courage. as they endured pain, we too must be prepared to make sacrifices for the good of our nation. like them, we too must strive for liberty and justice for all. as americans, we are all filled with these hopes and dreams. on behalf of my wife and our daughter soon to be born, and my parents, brother, and sister, celeste’s parents, two sisters and their families, and on behalf of the people of hartford, the state of connecticut, and the citizens of all states, i congratulate you on your new role as citizens of the united states of america. please use the power that is now vested in you to advance the cause of hope and opportunity and diversity. i invite you to be active participants in the next chapter of america’s history of progress toward the goals of freedom and equality for all. four days later—september , —the trajectory of the lives of the people in that courtroom would change. we couldn’t know how much they would change. we still don’t know how much they will change. to these newly naturalized citizens, i spoke of beliefs that i thought were universally american. they were the beliefs that i grew up with…that were infused in me by my parents and the communities i lived in. did i grow up in a bubble? have there always been fellow citizens around me that wanted to block other people from coming to this country and throw out anyone that didn’t look like them? were there always cruel agents of the government that thought it reasonable to lock fellow humans in cages, to separate children from caregiving adults, to single out people of another race for extraordinary scrutiny, and seem to find joy in doing so? i’m now struggling with these questions. i’m struggling to understand how the election of a person to lead our country has been the focusing lens for division. (trump? obama?) i struggle to comprehend the toxic mix of willful ignorance and arrogance of cultures has come to shape the way we look at each other, the way we hear each other, and the way we speak to each other. i want to believe there are common threads of humanity weaving around and between citizens and visitors of america—threads that bind us tight enough to work towards shared purposes and loose enough to allow for individual character. i speak and i listen. i struggle and i believe. i have to…for my daughter, her brother that followed, and for the new citizens i welcomed years ago. 	engaging with open source technologies these are the presentation notes for the engaging with open source technologies presentation during the open source publishing technologies: current status and emerging possibilities webinar on wednesday, august , . webinar description this session will focus on discussions of open source publishing platforms and systems. what is the value proposition? what functionalities are commonplace? where are the pitfalls in adoption and use by publishers or by libraries? what potential is there for scholarly societies who are similarly responsible for publication support and dissemination? given the rising interest in open access and open educational resources, this session will offer professionals a sense of what is available, a sense of practical concerns and a general sense of their future direction. talk abstract an open source project that focuses only on the code is missing out on some of the biggest opportunities that the open source philosophy offers. to be sure, developing software with an open source philosophy brings a diversity of knowledge and shares the development burden over a wide group. but a community that embraces that philosophy in the conception, design, specification, and development of a project can build exceptionally useful software and a fulfilling experience for all involved. this portion of the program  explores some of the structures and processes found in successful open source communities using examples from projects inside and outside of field. slides pdf of slides resources arp, laurie gemmill, and megan forbes. “it takes a village: open source software sustainability,” lyrasis, february . https://doi.org/ . /d g bs fitzgerald, brian. ( ). “the transformation of open source software.” mis quarterly, ( ), . https://doi.org/ . / maxwell, john w, et al “mind the gap: a landscape analysis of open source publishing tools and platforms,” july . https://mindthegap.pubpub.org/ photo/illustration acknowledgments slide : “codex claustroneoburgensis ” from college of saint benedict &amp; saint john’s university via dpla slide : “agile project management by planbox” via wikimedia commons slide : “kiyomi gets chin scratches in phx airport pet relief area” by taro the shiba inu via flickr slide : “sunset” from the national archives and records administration via dpla key quotations from resources brian fitzgerald in wrote of a significant shift in how open-source software projects were being considered and operated. fitzgerald noted that the rise of successful open-source software (which he called “oss . ”) was characterized by self-organized, internet-based projects that gathered loose communities around sheer willingness to participate. fitzgerald identified a newer mode, which he called “oss . ,” characterized by “purposeful design” and institution-sponsored “vertical domains,” and much more likely to include paid developers. from mind the gap. the fear of enclosure is certainly not the only force driving open-source development. many funding agencies require that software developed under a grant be released as oss in order to keep the fruits of their funding from disappearing into some corporation’s vaults. there is also the hope, at least, of increased scale: a publisher or a library, interested to develop a bespoke tool, will find it difficult to justify the cost of development and maintenance if the only user will ever be itself. for many, the idea of open source implies a shared deployment model that distributes, if not the cost, at least the value, across a larger community. from mind the gap. none none none equinox home what we do why choose equinox resources keep in touch who we are work for us contact a non-profit on a mission what we do consultingmigrationhosting and supportsoftware customizationtraining and education newsview all equinox migrates grimsby public library to libraries in niagara cooperative / / duluth, ga., december , : equinox is pleased to welcome the grimsby public library to evergreen with their successful migration to the libraries in niagara cooperative (linc).the grimsby public library’s move supports , patrons and encompasses a total of , bibliographic recor... 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contact us home what we do resources keep in touch who we are contact legal privacy copyright © - , equinox open library initiative terms of useprivacy policycopyright policy . . ptsefton.com 	 toggle navigation ptsefton.com [🧙‍♂️] 	home 	cv 	archives 	 - - : an open, composable standards–based research eresearch platform: arkisto 	 - - : you won't believe this shocking semantic web trick i use to avoid publishing my own ontologies! will i end up going to hell for this? 	 - - : eresearch australasia trip report 	 - - : fair simple scalable static research data repository 	 - - : meet ro-crate 	 - - : datacrate - a progress report on packaging research data for distribution via your repository 	 - - : implementation of a research data repository using the oxford common file layout standard at the university of technology sydney 	 - - : trip report - open repositories - peter sefton 	 - - : datacrate: a method of packaging, distributing, displaying and archiving research objects 	 - - : trip report (with bonus opinions) - open repositories , bozeman montana, usa 	 - - : open repositories presentation: redbox . / provisioner 	 - - : end-to-end research data management for the responsible conduct of research at the university of technology sydney looking for more? see the archive. 	categories 	 arkisto platform 	 data packaging standards 	 datacrate 	 datacrate, repositories, eresearch 	 eresearch 	 file data capture 	 housekeeping 	 how to 	 jiscpub 	 misc 	 repositories 	 scholarlyhtml 	 word processing 	links 	 work 	 play 	 twitter: @ptsefton 	 photos this site is hosted by webfaction, and has been since , with no problems whatsoever, and steadily decreasing cost. if you sign up i can get a small discount on my hosting. 	© peter (petie) sefton 	 · powered by pelican-bootstrap , pelican, bootstrap back to top none none none none none none none none none none blog.cbeer.info chris beer 	chris@cbeer.info 	 cbeer 	 _cb_ may , autoscaling aws elastic beanstalk worker tier based on sqs queue length we are deploying a rails application (for the hydra-in-a-box project) to aws elastic beanstalk. elastic beanstalk offers us easy deployment, monitoring, and simple auto-scaling with a built-in dashboard and management interface. our application uses several potentially long-running background jobs to characterize, checksum, and create derivates for uploaded content. since we’re deploying this application within aws, we’re also taking advantage of the simple queue service (sqs), using the active-elastic-job gem to queue and run activejob tasks. elastic beanstalk provides settings for “web server” and “worker” tiers. web servers are provisioned behind a load balancer and handle end-user requests, while workers automatically handle background tasks (via sqs + active-elastic-job). elastic beanstalk provides basic autoscaling based on a variety of metrics collected from the underlying instances (cpu, network, i/o, etc), although, while sufficient for our “web server” tier, we’d like to scale our “worker” tier based on the number of tasks waiting to be run. currently, though, the ability to auto-scale the worker tier based on the underlying queue depth isn’t enable through the elastic beanstak interface. however, as beanstalk merely manages and aggregates other aws resources, we have access to the underlying resources, including the autoscaling group for our environment. we should be able to attach a custom auto-scaling policy to that auto scaling group to scale based on additional alarms. for example, let’s we want to add additional worker nodes if there are more than tasks for more than minutes (and, to save money and resources, also remove worker nodes when there are no tasks available). to create the new policy, we’ll need to: 	find the appropriate auto-scaling group by finding the auto-scaling group with the elasticbeanstalk:environment-id that matches the worker tier environment id; 	find the appropriate sqs queue for the worker tier; 	add auto-scaling policies that add (and remove) instances to the autoscaling group; 	create a new cloudwatch alarm that measures the sqs queue exceeds our configured depth ( ) that triggers the auto-scaling policy to add additional worker instances whenever the alarm is triggered; 	and, conversely, create a new cloudwatch alarm that measures the sqs queue hits that trigger the auto-scaling action to removes worker instances whenever the alarm is triggered. and, similarly for scaling back down. even though there are several manual steps, they aren’t too difficult (other than discovering the various resources we’re trying to orchestrate), and using elastic beanstalk is still valuable for the rest of its functionality. but, we’re in the cloud, and really want to automate everything. with a little cloudformation trickery, we can even automate creating the worker tier with the appropriate autoscaling policies. first, knowing that the cloudformation api allows us to pass in an existing sqs queue for the worker tier, let’s create an explicit sqs queue resource for the workers: "defaultqueue" : { "type" : "aws::sqs::queue", } and wire it up to the beanstalk application by setting the aws:elasticbeanstalk:sqsd:workerqueueurl (not shown: sending the worker queue to the web server tier): "workersconfigurationtemplate" : { "type" : "aws::elasticbeanstalk::configurationtemplate", "properties" : { "applicationname" : { "ref" : "aws::stackname" }, "optionsettings" : [ ..., { "namespace": "aws:elasticbeanstalk:sqsd", "optionname": "workerqueueurl", "value": { "ref" : "defaultqueue"} } } } }, "workerenvironment": { "type": "aws::elasticbeanstalk::environment", "properties": { "applicationname": { "ref" : "aws::stackname" }, "description": "worker environment", "environmentname": { "fn::join": ["-", [{ "ref" : "aws::stackname"}, "workers"]] }, "templatename": { "ref": "workersconfigurationtemplate" }, "tier": { "name": "worker", "type": "sqs/http" }, "solutionstackname" : " bit amazon linux . v . . running ruby . (puma)" ... } } using our queue we can describe one of the cloudwatch::alarm resources and start describing a scaling policy: "scaleoutalarm" : { "type": "aws::cloudwatch::alarm", "properties": { "metricname": "approximatenumberofmessagesvisible", "namespace": "aws/sqs", "statistic": "average", "period": " ", "threshold": " ", "comparisonoperator": "greaterthanorequaltothreshold", "dimensions": [ { "name": "queuename", "value": { "fn::getatt" : ["defaultqueue", "queuename"] } } ], "evaluationperiods": " ", "alarmactions": [{ "ref" : "scaleoutpolicy" }] } }, "scaleoutpolicy" : { "type": "aws::autoscaling::scalingpolicy", "properties": { "adjustmenttype": "changeincapacity", "autoscalinggroupname": ????, "scalingadjustment": " ", "cooldown": " " } }, however, to connect the policy to the auto-scaling group, we need to know the name for the autoscaling group. unfortunately, the autoscaling group is abstracted behind the beanstalk environment. to gain access to it, we’ll need to create a custom resource backed by a lambda function to extract the information from the aws apis: "beanstalkstack": { "type": "custom::beanstalkstack", "properties": { "servicetoken": { "fn::getatt" : ["beanstalkstackoutputs", "arn"] }, "environmentname": { "ref": "workerenvironment" } } }, "beanstalkstackoutputs": { "type": "aws::lambda::function", "properties": { "code": { "zipfile": { "fn::join": ["\n", [ "var response = require('cfn-response');", "exports.handler = function(event, context) {", " console.log('request received:\\n', json.stringify(event));", " if (event.requesttype == 'delete') {", " response.send(event, context, response.success);", " return;", " }", " var environmentname = event.resourceproperties.environmentname;", " var responsedata = {};", " if (environmentname) {", " var aws = require('aws-sdk');", " var eb = new aws.elasticbeanstalk();", " eb.describeenvironmentresources({environmentname: environmentname}, function(err, data) {", " if (err) {", " responsedata = { error: 'describeenvironmentresources call failed' };", " console.log(responsedata.error + ':\\n', err);", " response.send(event, context, resource.failed, responsedata);", " } else {", " responsedata = { autoscalinggroupname: data.environmentresources.autoscalinggroups[ ].name };", " response.send(event, context, response.success, responsedata);", " }", " });", " } else {", " responsedata = {error: 'environment name not specified'};", " console.log(responsedata.error);", " response.send(event, context, response.failed, responsedata);", " }", "};" ]]} }, "handler": "index.handler", "runtime": "nodejs", "timeout": " ", "role": { "fn::getatt" : ["lambdaexecutionrole", "arn"] } } } with the custom resource, we can finally get access the autoscaling group name and complete the scaling policy: "scaleoutpolicy" : { "type": "aws::autoscaling::scalingpolicy", "properties": { "adjustmenttype": "changeincapacity", "autoscalinggroupname": { "fn::getatt": [ "beanstalkstack", "autoscalinggroupname" ] }, "scalingadjustment": " ", "cooldown": " " } }, the complete worker tier is part of our cloudformation stack: https://github.com/hybox/aws/blob/master/templates/worker.json mar , ldpath in examples at code lib , i gave a quick lightning talk on ldpath, a declarative domain-specific language for flatting linked data resources to a hash (e.g. for indexing to solr). ldpath can traverse the linked data cloud as easily as working with local resources and can cache remote resources for future access. the ldpath language is also (generally) implementation independent (java, ruby) and relatively easy to implement. the language also lends itself to integration within development environments (e.g. ldpath-angular-demo-app, with context-aware autocompletion and real-time responses). for me, working with the ldpath language and implementation was the first time that linked data moved from being a good idea to being a practical solution to some problems. here is a selection from the viaf record [ ]: <> void:indataset <../data> ; a genont:informationresource, foaf:document ; foaf:primarytopic <../ > . <../ > schema:alternatename "bittman, mark" ; schema:birthdate " - - " ; schema:familyname "bittman" ; schema:givenname "mark" ; schema:name "bittman, mark" ; schema:sameas <http://d-nb.info/gnd/ >, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/mark_bittman> ; a schema:person ; rdfs:seealso <../ >, <../ >, <../ >, <../ >, <../ >, <../ > ; foaf:isprimarytopicof <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mark_bittman> . we can use ldpath to extract the person’s name: so far, this is not so different from traditional approaches. but, if we look deeper in the response, we can see other resources, including books by the author. <../ > schema:creator <../ > ; schema:name "how to cook everything : simple recipes for great food" ; a schema:creativework . we can traverse the links to include the titles in our record: ldpath also gives us the ability to write this query using a reverse property selector, e.g: books = foaf:primarytopic / ^schema:creator[rdf:type is schema:creativework] / schema:name :: xsd:string ; the resource links out to some external resources, including a link to dbpedia. here is a selection from record in dbpedia: <http://dbpedia.org/resource/mark_bittman> dbpedia-owl:abstract "mark bittman (born c. ) is an american food journalist, author, and columnist for the new york times."@en, "mark bittman est un auteur et chroniqueur culinaire américain. il a tenu une chronique hebdomadaire pour le the new york times, appelée the minimalist (« le minimaliste »), parue entre le septembre et le janvier . bittman continue d'écrire pour le new york times magazine, et participe à la section opinion du journal. il tient également un blog."@fr ; dbpedia-owl:birthdate " + : "^^<http://www.w .org/ /xmlschema#gyear> ; dbpprop:name "bittman, mark"@en ; dbpprop:shortdescription "american journalist, food writer"@en ; dc:description "american journalist, food writer", "american journalist, food writer"@en ; dcterms:subject <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category: s_births>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:american_food_writers>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:american_journalists>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:american_television_chefs>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:clark_university_alumni>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:living_people>, <http://dbpedia.org/resource/category:the_new_york_times_writers> ; ldpath allows us to transparently traverse that link, allowing us to extract the subjects for viaf record: [ ] if you’re playing along at home, note that, as of this writing, viaf.org fails to correctly implement content negotiation and returns html if it appears anywhere in the accept header, e.g.: curl -h "accept: application/rdf+xml, text/html; q= . " -v http://viaf.org/viaf/ / will return a text/html response. this may cause trouble for your linked data clients. mar , building a pivotal tracker irc bot with sinatra and cinch we're using pivotal tracker on the fedora futures project. we also have an irc channel where the tech team hangs out most of the day, and let each other know what we're working on, which tickets we're taking, and give each other feedback on those tickets. in order to document this, we try to put most of our the discussion in the tickets for future reference (although we are logging the irc channel, it's not nearly as easy to look up decisions there). because we're (lazy) developers, we wanted updates in pivotal to get surfaced in the irc channel. there was a (neglected) irc bot, pivotal-tracker-irc-bot, but it was designed to push and pull data from pivotal based on commands in irc (and, seems fairly abandoned). so, naturally, we built our own integration: pivotal-irc. this was my first time using cinch to build a bot, and it was a surprisingly pleasant and straightforward experience: bot = cinch::bot.new do configure do |c| 	c.nick = $nick c.server = $irc_server c.channels = [$channel] end end # launch the bot in a separate thread, because we're using this one for the webapp. thread.new { bot.start } and we have a really tiny sinatra app that can parse the pivotal webhooks payload and funnel it into the channel: 	post '/' do 	 message = pivotal::webhookmessage.new request.body.read 	 bot.channel_list.first.msg("#{message.description} #{message.story_url}") 	end it turns out we also send links to pivotal tickets not infrequently, and building two-way communication (using the pivotal rest api, and the handy pivotal-tracker gem) was also easy. cinch exposes a handy dsl that parses messages using regular expressions and capturing groups: bot.on :message, /story\/show\/([ - ]+)/ do |m, ticket_id| story = project.stories.find(ticket_id) m.reply "#{story.story_type}: #{story.name} (#{story.current_state}) / owner: #{story.owned_by}" end mar , real-time statistics with graphite, statsd, and gdash we have a graphite-based stack of real-time visualization tools, including the data aggregator statsd. these tools let us easily record real-time data from arbitrary services with mimimal fuss. we present some curated graphs through gdash, a simple sinatra front-end. for example, we record the time it takes for solr to respond to queries from our searchworks catalog, using this simple bash script: tail -f /var/log/tomcat /catalina.out | ruby solr_stats.rb (we rotate these logs through truncation; you can also use `tail -f --retry` for logs that are moved away when rotated) and the ruby script that does the actual parsing: require 'statsd.rb' statsd = statsd.new(..., ) # listen to stdin while str = gets if str =~ /qtime=([^ ]+)/ # extract the qtime ms = $ .to_i # record it, based on our hostname statsd.timing("#{env['hostname'].gsub('.', '-')}.solr.qtime", ms) end end from this data, we can start asking qustions like: is our load-balancer configured optimally? (hint: not quite; for a variety of reasons, we've sacrificed some marginal performance benefit for this non-invasive, simpler load-blaance configuration. why are our the th-percentile query times creeping up? (time in ms) (answers to these questions and more in a future post, i'm sure.) we also use this setup to monitor other services, e.g.: what's happening in our fedora instance (and, which services are using the repository)? note the red line ("warn_ ") in the top graph. it marks the point where our (asynchronous) indexing system is unable to keep up with demand, and updates may appear at a delay. given time (and sufficient data, of course), this also gives us the ability to forecast and plan for issues: 	is our solr query time getting worse? (ganglia can perform some basic manipulation, including taking integrals and derivatives) 	what is the rate of growth of our indexing backlog, and, can we process it in a reasonable timeframe, or should we scale the indexer service? 	given our rate of disk usage, are we on track to run out of disk space this month? this week? if we build graphs to monitor those conditions, we can add nagios alerts to trigger service alerts. gdash helpfully exposes a rest endpoint that lets us know if a service has those warn or critical thresholds. we currently have a home-grown system monitoring system that we're tempted to fold into here as well. i've been evaluating diamond, which seems to do a pretty good job of collecting granular system statistics (cpu, ram, io, disk space, etc). mar , icemelt: a stand-in for integration tests against aws glacier one of the threads we've been pursuing as part of the fedora futures project is integration with asynchronous and/or very slow storage. we've taken on aws glacier as a prime, generally accessable example. uploading content is slow, but can be done synchronously in one api request: post /:account_id/vaults/:vault_id/archives x-amz-archive-description: description ...request body (aka your content)... where things get radically different is when requesting content back. first, you let glacier know you'd like to retrieve your content: post /:account_id/vaults/:vault_id/jobs http/ . { "type": "archive-retrieval", "archiveid": string, [...] } then, you wait. and wait. and wait some more; from the documentation: most amazon glacier jobs take about four hours to complete. you must wait until the job output is ready for you to download. if you have either set a notification configuration on the vault identifying an amazon simple notification service (amazon sns) topic or specified an amazon sns topic when you initiated a job, amazon glacier sends a message to that topic after it completes the job. [emphasis added] icemelt if you're iterating on some code, waiting hours to get your content back isn't realistic. so, we wrote a quick sinatra app called icemelt in order to mock the glacier rest api (and, perhaps taking less time to code than retrieving content from glacier ). we've tested it using the ruby fog client, as well as the official aws java sdk, and it actually works! your content gets stored locally, and the delay for retrieving content is configurable (default: seconds). configuring the official sdk looks something like this: propertiescredentials credentials = new propertiescredentials( testicemeltglaciermock.class .getresourceasstream("awscredentials.properties")); amazonglacierclient client = new amazonglacierclient(credentials); client.setendpoint("http://localhost: /"); and for fog, something like: fog::aws::glacier.new :aws_access_key_id => '', :aws_secret_access_key => '', :scheme => 'http', :host => 'localhost', :port => ' ' right now, icemelt skips a lot of unnecessary work (e.g. checking hmac digests for authentication, validating hashes, etc), but, as always, patches are very welcome. next » none none none none bethany nowviskie 	 	skip to content 	 	 		 		 			 			 									bethany nowviskie 								 		 		 		 			menu 				bio 	minor arcana 	jmu libraries 	cv 	 		 			 			search for: 			 		 		 			 			search 		 	 		 		 	 	 	 								 	 		reconstitute the world 	 	 								 	 		speculative collections 	 	 								 	 		on capacity and care 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 			 	 	 		foreword (to the past) 			 				posted on october october by bethany nowviskie			 			 	 	 		 congratulations to melissa terras and paul gooding on the publication of an important new collection of essays entitled electronic legal deposit: shaping the library collections of the future! this volume takes a global outlook on challenges and successes in preserving digital information, and stems from their digital library futures ahrc project, which first analyzed the impact of electronic legal deposit legislation on academic libraries and their users in the uk. more from melissa here, including “an ark to save learning from deluge? reconceptualising legal deposit after the digital turn,” an oa version of the opening chapter she & paul contributed to the collection. i was honored to be asked to write a foreword to the book, which i share here, under facet publishing’s green oa agreement, as my own author’s last copy of a single chapter from an edited collection. i thought i’d post it, particularly, now — as next week not only marks world digital preservation day, but another highly significant election day in the united states. we are four years on from the moment i describe below… on the morning of november th, , i looked out over a milwaukee ballroom crowded with librarians, archivists, and specialists in digital preservation. some were pensive. many were weeping. others seemed stricken. my audience had gathered for the first joint conference of the digital library federation (dlf, the us-based nonprofit organization i then directed) with its new partner, the national digital stewardship alliance (ndsa)—a cross-industry group that had recently come under dlf’s wing from its place of genesis at the library of congress. we were strangers and friends, largely though not exclusively american, united in a community of practice and the common cause of a dedication to the future of libraries, archives, and their holdings and information services in the digital age. but it suddenly felt as if we didn’t know what information was, and whether—despite all our efforts, expertise, and the shared infrastructure that our memory institutions represented—its future could be made secure. the unexpected outcome of the us presidential election, announced in the wee hours the night before, had cast a pall over this professional audience that crossed party lines. how could so many confident, data-driven predictions have been so wrong? what shared social understandings—built from the seeming common landscape of ubiquitous digital information that we had met to manage and survey—had never, in fact, been shared or were even commonly legible at all? and what evidentiary traces of this time would remain, in a political scene of post-truth posturing, the devaluation of expert knowledge, and the willingness of our new authorities—soon to become as evident on federal websites as in press conferences and cable news punditry—to revise and resubmit the historical record? the weeks and months that followed, for dlf and ndsa members, were filled with action. while the end of term web archive project sprang to its regular work of harvesting us federal domains at moments of presidential transition, reports that trump administration officials had ordered the removal of information on climate change and animal welfare from the websites of the environmental protection agency and us department of agriculture fostered a fear of the widespread deletion of scientific records, and prompted emergency ‘data rescue’ download parties. a new dlf government records transparency and accountability working group was launched. its members began watch-dogging preparations for the us census and highlighting house and senate bills meant to curtail scientific and demographic data creation; scrutinizing proposed changes to the records retention schedules of federal agencies and seeking ways to make the arcanum of their digital preservation workflows more accessible to the general public; and—amid new threats of the deportation of immigrants and the continued rise of violent nationalism—asking crucial questions about what electronic information should be made discoverable and accessible, for the protection of vulnerable persons. the social sciences research council convened a meeting on challenges to the digital preservation of documents of particular value to historians, economists, cultural anthropologists, and other social scientists, and the pegi project—focusing on the preservation of electronic government information—commissioned a wide-ranging report on at-risk, born-digital information meant to be held by us federal depository libraries and other cultural memory institutions for long-term public access and use. over time, reflective, pedagogical, and awareness-raising projects like endangered data week emerged, ties among the ndsa and international organizations like the uk-based digital preservation coalition were strengthened, and conversations on college campuses (fueled by the cambridge analytica scandal and the work of scholars of race, technology, and social media like safiya noble and siva vaidhyanathan) turned more squarely to data ethics and algorithmic literacy. frenetic data rescue parties gave over to the more measured advocacy and storytelling approach of the data refuge movement. and in the uk, an ahrc-funded ‘digital library futures’ project led by paul gooding and melissa terras (the seed of this edited collection) offered a golden opportunity to reflect—in the light of altered global understandings of the preservation and access challenges surrounding digital information—on the parliamentary legal deposit libraries (non print works) regulations of , which extended collecting practices dating to the early modern period to new media formats beyond the book. you hold in your hands (or view on your screens, or listen to through e-readers, or encounter in some other way i can’t yet foresee) an important and timely volume. it is well balanced between reflection-and-outlook and practice-and-method in what our editors call the ‘contested space’ of e-legal deposit—taking on the international and very long-term consequences of our present-day conception, regulation, assembly, positioning, and use of library-held digital collections. in other words, the essays assembled here cross space and time. the editors take a necessarily global view in bringing together a broad array of national approaches to the legal deposit of materials that already circulate in world-wide networks. and while the authors they’ve invited to contribute certainly take a long view of digital information, they also frequently address, head-on, the ways that electronic legal deposit forces our attention not just on posterity, but on the here-and-now of what media consumption means and how it works in the digital age. rather than asking us to rest our imaginations on a far-future prospect in which reading is conducted as it ever was in print (was any such act, as jerome mcgann would ask, self-identical?), the authors of these essays, collectively, assert that the kaleidoscopic mediations of e-legal deposit show us we’ve never really known what reading is.  the best thinkers on libraries question the very assumptions that our memory institutions rest upon, while elevating and honoring both their promise and the centuries of labor and careful (if not always disinterested or benign) intent that have made them what they are. melissa terras and paul gooding are among the best, and the perspectives they have assembled here—from publishers, eminent librarians and archivists, technologists, organizers, and scholars—make this edited collection an essential contribution to the literature on digital preservation. it is a necessary book that grapples with legal, practical, technical, and conceptual problems: with the distinctive visions and values of libraries; with the necessarily concomitant development of policies and platforms; and even with the very nature of our documentary heritage, at a moment when print-era logics break down. what i most appreciate is that this book—like the notion of e-legal deposit itself—calls for careful consideration of both present-day services and research possibilities not yet dreamt of. in this, it serves the true mission of legal deposit libraries: to be a stable bridge between a past that is perpetually constructed by our acts of preservation and erasure—and the many futures we may mediate but can barely imagine. 	 	 		posted in higher ed, infrastructure	 	 	 	 		a pledge: self-examination and concrete action in the jmu libraries 			 				posted on june june by bethany nowviskie			 			 	 	 		 “the beauty of anti-racism is that you don’t have to pretend to be free of racism to be an anti-racist. anti-racism is the commitment to fight racism wherever you find it, including in yourself. and it’s the only way forward.” — ijeoma oluo, author of so you want to talk about race. black lives matter. too long have we allowed acts of racism and deeply ingrained, institutionalized forces of white supremacy to devalue, endanger, and grievously harm black people and members of other minoritized and marginalized groups. state-sanctioned violence and racial terror exist alongside slower and more deep-seated forces of inequality, anti-blackness, colonization, militarization, class warfare, and oppression. as members of the jmu libraries dean’s council and council on diversity, equity, and inclusion, we acknowledge these forces to be both national and local, shaping the daily lived experiences of our students, faculty, staff, and community members. as a blended library and educational technology organization operating within a pwi, the jmu libraries both participates in and is damaged by the whiteness and privilege of our institutions and fields. supporting the james madison university community through a global pandemic has helped us see imbalances, biases, and fault lines of inequality more clearly. we pledge self-examination and concrete action. libraries and educational technology organizations hold power, and can share or even cede it. as we strive to create welcoming spaces and services for all members of our community, we assert the fundamental non-neutrality of libraries and the necessity of taking visible and real action against the forces of racism and oppression that affect bipoc students, faculty, staff, and community members. specifically, and in order to “fight racism wherever [we] find it, including in [ourselves],” we commit to: 	listen to bipoc and student voices, recognizing that they have long spoken on these issues and have too often gone unheard. 	educate ourselves and ask questions of all the work we do. (“to what end? to whose benefit? whose comfort is centered? who has most agency and voice? who is silenced, ignored, or harmed? who is elevated, honored, and made to feel safe? who can experience and express joy?”)  	set public and increasingly measurable goals related to diversity, equity, inclusion, and anti-racism, so that we may be held accountable. 	continue to examine, revise, and augment our collections, services, policies, spending patterns, and commitments, in order to institutionalize better practices and create offerings with enduring impact. 	learn from, and do better by, our own colleagues. we are a predominantly white organization and it is likely that we will make mistakes as we try to live up to this pledge. when that happens, we will do the work to learn and rectify. we will apologize, examine our actions and embedded power structures, attempt to mitigate any harm caused by our actions, and we will do better. continue reading “a pledge: self-examination and concrete action in the jmu libraries”	 	 		posted in higher ed	 	 	 	 		change us, too 			 				posted on june may by bethany nowviskie			 			 	 	 		 [the following is a brief talk i gave at the opening plenary of rbms , a meeting of the rare books and manuscripts section of the acrl/ala. this year’s theme was “response and responsibility: special collections and climate change,” and my co-panelists were frances beinecke of the national resources defense council and brenda ekwurzel of the union of concerned scientists. many thanks to conference chairs ben goldman and kate hutchens, session chair melissa hubbard, and outgoing rbms chair shannon supple. the talk draws together some of my past writings, all of which are linked to and freely available. images in my slide deck, as here, were by catherine nelson.] six years ago, i began writing about cultural heritage and cultural memory in the context of our ongoing climate disaster. starting to write and talk publicly was a frank attempt to assuage my terror and my grief—my personal grief at past and coming losses in the natural world, and the sense of terror growing inside me, both at the long-term future of the digital and physical collections in my charge, and at the unplanned-for environmental hardships and accelerating social unrest my two young children, then six and nine years old, would one day face. i latched, as people trained as scholars sometimes do, onto a set of rich and varied theoretical frameworks. these were developed by others grappling with the exact same existential dread: some quite recent, some going back to the s, the s, even the s—demonstrating, for me, not just the continuity of scientific agreement on the facts of climate change and the need for collective action (as my co-panelists have demonstrated), but scholarly and artistic agreement on the generative value of responses from what would become the environmental humanities and from practices i might call green speculative design. the concepts and theories i lighted on, however, served another function. they allowed me simultaneously to elevate and to sublimate many of my hardest-hitting feelings. in other words, i put my fears into a linguistic machine labeled “the anthropocene”—engineered to extract angst and allow me to crank out historicized, lyrical melancholy on the other end. since then i’ve also become concerned that, alongside and through the explicit, theoretical frameworks i found in the literature, i leaned unconsciously—as cis-gender white women and other members of dominant groups almost inevitably do—on implicit frameworks of white supremacy, on my gender privilege, and on the settler ideologies that got us here in the first place, all of which uphold and support the kind of emotional and fundamentally self-centered response i was first disposed to make. i see more clearly now that none of this is about my own relatively vastly privileged children and well-tended collections—except insofar as both of them exist within broader networks and collectives of care, as one achingly beloved and all-too-transitory part. please don’t misunderstand me: it remains absolutely vital that we honor our attachments, and acknowledge the complexity and deep reality of our emotional responses to living through the sixth great mass extinction of life on this planet—vital to compassionate teaching and leadership, to responsible stewardship, and to defining value systems that help us become more humane in the face of problems of inhuman scale. grappling with our emotions as librarians and archivists (and as curators, conservators, collectors, community organizers, scholars, and scientists) will be a major part of the work of this conference. it is also vital to doing work that appreciates its own inner standing point, and uses its positionality to promote understanding and effect change. but i’ve felt my own orientation changing. for me, all of this is, every day, less and less about my feelings on special collections and climate change—except to the degree that those feelings drive me toward actions that have systemic impact and are consonant with a set of values we may share. so this is a brief talk that will try to walk you (for what it’s worth) along the intellectual path i’ve taken over the past six years—in the space of about sixteen minutes. continue reading “change us, too”	 	 		posted in design, infrastructuretagged embodied	 	 	 	 		from the grass roots 			 				posted on march june by bethany nowviskie			 			 	 	 		 [this is a cleaned-up version of the text from which i spoke at the conference of research libraries uk, held at the wellcome collection in london last week. i’d like to thank my wonderful hosts for an opportunity to reflect on my time at dlf. as i said to the crowd, i hope the talk offers some useful—or at least productively vexing—ideas.] at a meeting in which the status of libraries as “neutral spaces” has been asserted and lauded, i feel obligated to confess: i’m not a believer in dispassionate and disinterested neutrality—not for human beings nor for the institutions that we continually reinforce or reinvent, based on our interactions in and through them. my training as a humanities scholar has shown me all the ways that it is in fact impossible for us to step wholly out of our multiple, layered, subjective positions, interpretive frameworks, and embodied existence. it has also taught me the dangers of assuming—no matter how noble our intentions—that socially constructed institutions might likewise escape their historical and contemporary positioning, and somehow operate as neutral actors in neutral space. happily, we don’t need neutrality to move constructively from independent points of view to shared understandings and collective action. there are models for this. the ones i will focus on today are broadly “dh-adjacent,” and they depend, sometimes uncomfortably, on the vulnerability, subjectivity, and autonomy of the people who engage with them—foregrounding the ways that individual professional roles intersect with personal lives as they come together around shared missions and goals. and as i discuss them, please note that i’ll be referring to the digital humanities and to digital librarianship somewhat loosely—in their cultural lineaments—speaking to the diffuse and socially constructed way both are practiced on the ground. in particular, i’ll reference a dh that is (for my purposes today) relatively unconcerned with technologies, methods, and objects of study. it’s my hope that shifting our focus—after much fruitful discussion, this week, of concrete research support—to a digital humanities that can also be understood as organizational, positional, and intersubjective might prompt some structural attunement to new ways of working in libraries. and i do this here, at a consortial gathering of “the most significant research libraries in the uk and ireland,” because i think that self-consciously expanding our attention in library leadership from the pragmatic provision of data, platforms, skills-teaching, and research support for dh, outward to its larger organizational frame is one way of cracking open serious and opportune contributions by people who would not consider themselves digital humanists at all. this likely includes many of you, your colleagues in university administration across areas and functions, and most members of your libraries’ personnel. such a change in focus invites all of us to be attentive to the deeper and fundamentally different kinds of engagement and transformation we might foster through dh as a vector and perhaps with only simple re-inflections of the resources we already devote to the field. it could also open our organizations up to illuminating partnerships with communities of practice who frankly don’t give a fig about academic disciplinary labels or whether they are or are not “doing dh.” i also speak to library leaders because my call is not for work to be done by individual scholars as researchers and teachers alone, nor even by small teams of librarians laboring in support of the research and cultural heritage enterprise—but rather by our fully-engaged institutions as altered structures of power. continue reading “from the grass roots”	 	 		posted in administrivia, higher edtagged community-archives, digital humanities, libraries, politics	 	 	 	 		how the light gets in 			 				posted on january january by bethany nowviskie			 			 	 	 		 i took a chance on a hackberry bowl at a farmer’s market—blue-stained and turned like a drop of water. it’s a good name for it. he had hacked it down at the bottom of his garden. (they’re filling in the timber where the oaks aren’t coming back.) but the craftsman had never worked that kind of wood before, kiln-dried at steamy summer’s height. “will it split?” it did. now it’s winter, and i make kintsukuroi, a golden repair. i found the wax conservators use on gilded picture-frames, and had some mailed from london. it softens in the heat of hands. go on. let the dry air crack you open. you can break and be mended again. 	 	 		posted in infrastructure, past lives	 	 			 	 		posts navigation 		 … next 	 		 		 	 	travel/talks 				march -present: global pandemic and a revolutionary air (speaking/travel hiatus) 	february , : featured talk, aaad : “black temporalities: past, present, and future” 	july – january : speaking/travel hiatus while starting my new position at james madison university 	june , : tensions of europe keynote on machine learning & historical understanding, luxembourg 	june , : rmbs opening plenary on climate change & libraries/archives, baltimore 	june - , : teaching rare book school in philadelphia: “community archives and digital cultural memory” 		themes themesselect category administrivia design documents geospatial higher ed infrastructure past lives soft circuits & code swinburne twittering unfiltered 			archives 		archives 		select month october june june march january june april march february november october april february november october may march february november july may february january october september august may january november october june april march january november october september june may april january december october september june april march january december october july june may 			 		 		recent posts 			 					foreword (to the past) 									 	 					a pledge: self-examination and concrete action in the jmu libraries 									 	 					change us, too 									 	 					from the grass roots 									 	 					how the light gets in 									 	 					reconstitute the world 									 	 					 spectra for speculative knowledge design 									 	 					we raise our voices 									 	 					iv. coda: speculative computing ( ) 									 	 					inauguration day 									 	 					open invitations 									 	 					speculative collections 									 	 					alternate futures/usable pasts 									 	 					everywhere, every when 									 		oldies but goodies 	digital humanities in the anthropocene 	asking for it 	toward a new deal 	resistance in the materials 	too small to fail 	reality bytes 	lazy consensus 	a skunk in the library 	why, oh why, cc-by? 	what do girls dig? 		 	 	 	 		standard disclaimer 			 this site and its contents are my responsibility alone, and may not reflect the opinions of my employer, colleagues, students, children, or imaginary friends. 		 yours 			 everything here is free to use under a creative commons attribution . international license. 		 		 				twitter 	linkedin 	github 	flickr 	instagram 		 		 		 			powered by	 		miniva wordpress theme	 			 		 	 		 		 				 		 internet alchemy, the blog of ian davis internet alchemy est. · · · · · · · · · · · · ·                      mon, oct , serverless: why microfunctions > microservices 	 this post follows on from a post i wrote a couple of years back called why service architectures should focus on workflows. in that post i attempted to describe the fragility of microservice systems that were simply translating object-oriented patterns to the new paradigm. these systems were migrating domain models and their interactions from in-memory objects to separate networked processes. they were replacing in-process function calls with cross-network rpc calls, adding latency and infrastructure complexity. the goal was scalability and flexibility but, i argued, the entity modelling approach introduced new failure modes. i suggested a solution: instead of carving up the domain by entity, focus on the workflows. if i was writing that post today i would say “focus on the functions” because the future is serverless functions, not microservices. or, more brashly: microfunctions > microservices the industry has moved apace in the last years with a focus on solving the infrastructure challenges caused by running hundreds of intercommunicating microservices. containers have matured and become the de-facto standard for the unit of microservice deployment with management platforms such as kubernetes to orchestrate them and frameworks like grpc for robust interservice communication. the focus still tends to be on interacting entities though: when placing an order the “order service” talks to the “customer service” which reserves items by talking to the “stock service” and the “payment service” which talks to the “payment gateway” after first checking with the “fraud service”. when the order needs to be shipped the “shipping service” asks the “order service” for orders that need to be fulfilled and tells the “stock service” to remove the reservation, then to the “customer service” to locate the customer etc. all of these services are likely to be persisting state in various backend databases. microservices are organized as vertical slices through the domain: the same problems still exist: if the customer service is overwhelmed by the shipping service then the order service can’t take new orders. the container manager will, of course, scale up the number of customer service instances and register them with the appropriate load balancers, discovery servers, monitoring and logging. however, it cannot easily cope with a critical failure in this service, perhaps caused by a repeated bad request that panics the service and prevents multiple dependent services from operating properly. failures and slowdowns in response times are handled within client services through backoff strategies, circuit breakers and retries. the system as a whole increases in complexity but remains fragile. by contrast, in a serverless architecture, the emphasis is on the functions of the system. for this reason serverless is sometimes called faas – functions as a service. systems are decomposed into functions that encapsulate a single task in a single process. instead of each request involving the orchestration of multiple services the request uses an instance of the appropriate function. rather than the domain model being exploded into separate networked processes its entities are provided in code libraries compiled into the function at build time. calls to entity methods are in-process so don’t pay the network latency or reliability taxes. in this paradigm the “place order” function simply calls methods on customer, stock and payment objects, which may then interact with the various backend databases directly. instead of a dozen networked rpc calls, the function relies on - database calls. additionally, if a function is particularly hot it can be scaled directly without affecting the operation of other functions and, crucially, it can fail completely without taking down other functions. (modulo the reliability of databases which affect both styles of architecture identically.) microfunctions are horizontal slices through the domain: the advantages i wrote last time still hold up when translated to serverless terminology: 	deploying or retiring a function becomes as simple as switching it on or off which leads to greater freedom to experiment. 	scaling a function is limited to scaling a single type of process horizontally and the costs of doing this can be cleanly evaluated. 	the system as a whole becomes much more robust. when a function encounters problems it is limited to a single workflow such as issuing invoices. other functions can continue to operate independently. 	latency, bandwidth use and reliability are all improved because there are fewer network calls. the function still relies on the database and other support systems such as lock servers, but most of the data flow is controlled in-process. 	the unit of testing and deployment is a single function which reduces the complexity and cost of maintenance. one major advantage that i missed is the potential for extreme cost savings through scale, particularly the scale attainable by running on public shared infrastructure. since all the variability of microservice deployment configurations is abstracted away into a simple request/response interface the microfunctions can be run as isolated shared-nothing processes, billed only for the resources they use in their short lifetime. anyone who has costed for redundant microservices simply for basic resilience will appreciate the potential here. although there are number of cloud providers in this space (aws lambda, google cloud functions, azure functions) serverless is still an emerging paradigm with the problems that come with immaturity. adrian coyler recently summarized an excellent paper and presentation dealing with the challenges of building serverless systems which highlights many of these, including the lack of service level agreements and loose performance guarantees. it seems almost certain though that these will improve as the space matures and overtakes the microservice paradigm. other posts tagged as architecture, distributed-systems, technology, serverless, faas earlier posts 	gorecipes: fin wed, mar 	another blog refresh sun, feb 	why service architectures should focus on workflows mon, mar 	help me crowdfund my game amberfell mon, nov none none none - tim ribaric tim ribaric librarian cv posts rss tim ribaric > echo readme.md tim ribaric has been a librarian at brock university since . his research interests include: - digital scholarship - teaching technology - labour issues tim is a dog person. > cat tim.ribaric.yml name: tim ribaric title: acting head unit: digital scholarship lab institution: brock university education: - degree: mlis - school: uwo - year: - degree: msc. computer science - school: brock u - year: skills: python linux twitterapi social: twitter: @elibtronic instagram: @elibtronic access survey follow up surprising results for my access conference presentation last week i included a survey for attendees to completed while i was speaking. the results of that survey are summarized here. read more licensed under cc - by none none none none none none none none none none none none futurearch, or the future of archives... futurearch, or the future of archives... a place for thoughts on hybrid archives and manuscripts at the bodleian library. 	this blog is no longer being updated 	born digital: guidance for donors, dealers, and archival repositories 	digital preservation: what i wish i knew before i started 	transcribe at the archive 	atlas of digital damages 	dayofdigitalarchives 	sprucing up the tikafileidentifier 	spruce mashup: th- th april 	media recognition: dv part 	media recognition: dv part 	media recognition: dv part 	digital preservation: what i wish i knew before i started 	what is ‘the future of the past of the web’? 	day of digital archives, 	another source for old software 	comparing software tools 	mobile forensics 	preserving born-digital video - what are good practices? 	hidden pages 	media recognition - floppy disks part 	preserving digital sound and vision: a briefing th april 	sharp font writer files 	got any older? 	world backup day 	advisory board meeting, march rapid communications rapid communications rapid, but irregular, communications from the frontiers of library technology 	mac os vs emacs: getting on the right (exec) path 	finding isbns in the the digits of π 	software upgrades and the parable of the windows 	using qr codes in the library 	a manifesto for the library 	i'm a shover and maker! 	lita tears down the walls 	a (half) year in books 	the desk set drinking game 	july book a month challenge: independence 	june book a month challenge: knowledge 	anthony hope and the triumph of the public domain 	may book a month challenge: mother 	eric s. raymond on proprietary ilss 	one big library unconference in toronto 	april book a month challenge: beauty 	thinking about dates on to-do list web sites 	the most important programming language i've learned 	building systems that support librarians 	book a month challenge for march: craft 	social aggregators 	on keeping a reading journal 	bam challenge: heart 	where the users are 	my top technology trends slides orcid skip to main content for full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable javascript. here are the instructions for enabling javascript in your web browser. orcid uses cookies to improve your experience and to help us understand how you use our websites. learn more about how we use cookies. what is machine learning? machine learning courses – deeplearning.ai 	 	 	 			 			 							 					 					 						 					 				 							 											 							courses 	course sign-up 	ai for everyone course 	deep learning specialization 	natural language processing specialization 	generative adversarial networks specialization 	ai for medicine 	deeplearning.ai 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click ‘ok’. all information we collect using cookies will be subject to and protected by our privacy policy, which you can view here. ok futurearch, or the future of archives... monday, september this blog is no longer being updated but you will find posts on some of our digital archives work here: http://blogs.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/archivesandmanuscripts/category/activity/digital-archives/  posted by susan thomas at : no comments: thursday, october born digital: guidance for donors, dealers, and archival repositories today clir published a report which is designed to provide guidance on the acquisition of archives in a digital world. the report provides recommendations for donors and dealers, and for repository staff, based on the experiences of archivists and curators at ten repositories in the uk and us, including the bodleian. you can read it here: http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub posted by susan thomas at : no comments: labels: acquisitions, dealers, donors, guidance, scoping, sensitivity review, transfers thursday, january digital preservation: what i wish i knew before i started the digital preservation coalition (dpc) and archives and records association event ‘digital preservation: what i wish i knew before i started, ’ took place at birkbeck college, london on january . a half-day conference, it brought together a group of leading specialists in the filed to discuss the challenges of digital collection. william kilbride kicked off events with his presentation ‘what’s the problem with digital preservation’. he looked at the traditional -or in his words "bleak"- approach that is too often characterised by data loss. william suggested we need to create new approaches, such as understanding the actual potential and value of output; data loss is not the issue if there is no practical case for keeping or digitising material. some key challenges facing digital archivists were also outlined and it was argued that impediments such as obsolescence issues and storage media failure are a problem bigger than one institution, and collaboration across the profession is paramount. helen hockx-yu discussed how the british library is collaborating with other institutions to archive websites of historical and cultural importance through the uk web archive. interestingly, web archiving at the british library is now a distinct business unit with a team of eight people. like william, helen also emphasised how useful it is to share experiences and work together, both internally and externally. next, dave thompson, digital curator at the wellcome library stepped up with a lively presentation entitled ‘so you want to go digital’. for dave, it is “not all glamour, metadata and preservation events”, which he illustrated with an example of his diary for the week. he then looked at the planning side of digital preservation, arguing that if digital preservation is going to work, not only are we required to be creative, but we need to be sure what we are doing is sustainable. dave highlighted some key lessons from his career thus far: .     we must be willing to embrace change .     data preservation is not solely an exercise in technology but requires engagement with data and consumers. .     little things we do everyday in the workplace are essential to efficient digital preservation, including backup, planning, it infrastructure, maintenance and virus checking. .     it needs to be easy to do and within our control, otherwise the end product is not preservation. .     continued training is essential so we can make the right decisions in appraisal, arrangement, context, description and preservation. .     we must understand copyright access. patricia sleeman, digital archivist at university of london computer centre then highlighted a selection of practical skills that should underpin how we move forward with digital preservation. for instance, she stressed that information without context is meaningless and has little value without the appropriate metadata. like the other speakers, she suggested planning is paramount, and before we start a project we must look forward and learn about how we will finish it. as such, project management is an essential tool, including the ability to understand budgets. adrian brown from the parliamentary archives continued with his presentation 'a day in the life of a digital archivist'. his talk was a real eye-opener on just how busy and varied the role is. a typical day for adrian might involve talking to information owners about possible transfers, ingesting and cataloguing new records into the digital repository, web archiving, providing demos to various groups, drafting preservation policies and developing future requirements such as building software, software testing and preservation planning. no room to be bored here! like dave thompson, adrian noted that while there are more routine tasks such as answering emails and endless meetings, the rewards from being involved in a new and emerging discipline far outweigh the more mundane moments. we then heard from simon rooks from the bbc multi-media archive who described the varied roles at his work (i think some of the audience were feeling quite envious here!). in keeping with the theme of the day, simon reflected on his career path. originally trained as a librarian, he argued that he would have benefited immensely as a digital archivist if he had learnt the key functions of an archivist’s role early on. he emphasised how the same archival principles (intake, appraisal and selection, cataloguing, access etc.) underpin our practices, whether records are paper or digital, and whether we are in archives or records management. these basic functions help to manage many of the issues concerning digital content. simon added that the oais functional model is an approach that has encouraged multi-disciplinary team-work amongst those working at the bbc. after some coffee there followed a q&a session, which proved lively and engaging. a lot of ground was covered including how appropriate it is to distinguish 'digital archivists' from 'archivists'. we also looked at issues of cost modelling and it was suggested that while we need to articulate budgets better, we should perhaps be less obsessed with costs and focus on the actual benefits and return of investment from projects. there was then some debate about what students should expect from undertaking the professional course. most agreed that it is simply not enough to have the professional qualification, and continually acquiring new skill sets is essential. a highly enjoyable afternoon then, with some thought-provoking presentations, which were less about the techie side of digital preservation, and more a valuable lesson on the planning and strategies involved in managing digital assets. communications, continued learning and project planning were central themes of the day, and importantly, that we should be seeking to build something that will have value and worth. posted by anonymous at : no comments: tuesday, november transcribe at the archive i do worry from time to time that textual analogue records will come to suffer from their lack of searchability when compared with their born-digital peers. for those records that have been digitised, crowd-sourcing transcription could be an answer. a rather neat example of just that is the archive platform from the national archives of australia. arhive is a pilot from naa's labs which allows anyone to contribute to the transcription of records. to get started they have chosen a selection of records from their brisbane office which are 'known to be popular'. not too many of them just yet, but at this stage i guess they're just trying to prove the concept works. all the items have been ocr-ed, and users can choose to improve or overwrite the results from the ocr process. there are lots of nice features here, including the ability to choose documents by a difficulty rating (easy, medium or hard) or by type (a description of the series by the looks of it). the competitive may be inspired by the presence of a leader board, while the more collaborative may appreciate the ability to do as much as you can, and leave the transcription for someone else to finish up later. you can register for access to some features, but you don't have to either. very nice. posted by susan thomas at : no comments: labels: crowdsourcing, searchability, transcription friday, october atlas of digital damages an atlas of digital damage has been created on flickr, which will provide a handy resource for illustrating where digital preservation has failed. perhaps 'failed' is a little strong. in some cases the imperfection may be an acceptable trade off. a nice, and useful, idea. contribute here. posted by susan thomas at : no comments: labels: corruption, damage saturday, october dayofdigitalarchives yesterday was day of digital archives ! (and yes, i'm a little late posting...) this 'day' was initiated last year to encourage those working with digital archives to use social media to raise awareness of digital archives: "by collectively documenting what we do, we will be answering questions like: what are digital archives? who uses them? how are they created and managed? why are they important?" . so in that spirit, here is a whizz through my week. coincidentally not only does this week include the day of digital archives but it's also the week that the digital preservation coalition (or dpc) celebrated its th birthday. on monday afternoon i went to the reception at the house of lords to celebrate that landmark anniversary. a lovely event, during which the shortlist for the three digital preservation awards was announced. it's great to see three award categories this time around, including one that takes a longer view: 'the most outstanding contribution to digital preservation in the last decade'. that's quite an accolade. on the train journey home from the awards i found some quiet time to review a guidance document on the subject of acquiring born-digital materials. there is something about being on a train that puts my brain in the right mode for this kind of work. nearing its final form, this guidance is the result of a collaboration between colleagues from a handful of archive repositories. the document will be out for further review before too long, and if we've been successful in our work it should prove helpful to creators, donors, dealers and repositories. part of tuesday i spent reviewing oral history guidance drafted by a colleague to support the efforts of oxford medical alumni in recording interviews with significant figures in the world of oxford medicine. oral histories come to us in both analogue and digital formats these days, and we try to digitise the former as and when we can. the development of the guidance is in the context of our saving oxford medicine initiative to capture important sources for the recent history of medicine in oxford. one of the core activities of this initiative is survey work, and it is notable that many archives surveyed include plenty of digital material. web archiving is another element of the 'capturing' work that the saving oxford medicine team has been doing, and you can see what has been archived to-date via archive-it, our web archiving service provider. much of wednesday morning was given over to a meeting of our building committee, which had very little to do with digital archives! in the afternoon, however, we were pleased to welcome visitors from mit - nancy mcgovern and kari smith. i find visits like these are one of the most important ways of sharing information, experiences and know-how, and as always i got a lot out of it. i hope nancy and kari did too! that same afternoon, colleagues returned from a trip to london to collect another tranche of a personal archive. i'm not sure if this instalment contains much in the way of digital material, but previous ones have included hundreds of floppies and optical media, some zip discs and two hard disks. also arriving on wednesday, some digital library records courtesy of our newly retired executive secretary; these supplement materials uploaded to beam (our digital archives repository) last week. on thursday, i found some time to work with developer carl wilson on our spruce-funded project. becky nielsen (our recent trainee, now studying at glasgow) kicked off this short project with carl, following on from her collaboration with peter may at a spruce mashup in glasgow. i'm picking up some of the latter stages of testing and feedback work now becky's started her studies. the development process has been an agile one with lots of chat and testing. i've found this very productive - it's motivating to see things evolving, and to be able to provide feedback early and often. for now you can see what's going on at github here, but this link will likely change once we settle on a name that's more useful than 'spruce-beam' (doesn't tell you much, does it?! something to do with trees...) one of the primary aims of this tool is to facilitate collection analysis, so we know better what our holdings are in terms of format and content. we expect that it will be useful to others, and there will be more info. on it available soon. friday was more spruce work with carl, among other things. also a few meetings today - one around funding and service models for digital archiving, and a meeting of the bodleian's elegal deposit group (where my special interest is web archiving). the curious can read more about e-legal deposit at the dcms website.  one fun thing that came out of the day was that the saving oxford medicine team decided to participate in a women in science wikipedia editathon. this will be hosted by the radcliffe science library on october as part of a series of 'engage' events on social media organised by the bodleian and the university's computing services. it's fascinating to contemplate how the range and content of wikipedia articles change over time, something a web archive would facilitate perhaps.  for more on working with digital archives, go take a look at the great posts at the day of digital archives blog! posted by susan thomas at : no comments: labels: acquisition, collection analysis, dayofdigarc, doda , dpc, mashup, spruce, webarchiving friday, june sprucing up the tikafileidentifier as it's international archives day tomorrow, i thought it would be nice to quickly share some news of a project we are working on, which should help us (and others!) to carry out digital preservation work a little bit more efficiently. following the spruce mashup i attended in april, we are very pleased to be one of the organizations granted a spruce project funding award, which will allow us to 'spruce' up the tikafileidentifier tool. (paul has written more about these funding awards on the opf site.) tikafileidentifier is the tool which was developed at the mashup to address a problem several of us were having extracting metadata from batches of files, in our case within iso images. due to the nature of the mashup event the tool is still a bit rough around the edges, and this funding will allow us to improve on it. we aim to create a user interface and a simpler install process, and carry out performance improvements. plus, if resources allow, we hope to scope some further functionality improvements. this is really great news, as with the improvements that this funding allows us to make, the tikafileidentifier will provide us with better metadata for our digital files more efficiently than our current system of manually checking each file in a disk image. hopefully the simpler user interface and other improvements means that other repositories will want to make use of it as well; i certainly think it will be very useful! posted by rebecca nielsen at : no comments: labels: metadata, spruce, tikafileidentifier friday, april spruce mashup: th- th april earlier this week i attended a day mashup event in glasgow, organised as part of the spruce project.  spruce aims to enable higher education institutions to address preservation gaps and articulate the business case of digital preservation, and the mashup serves as a way to bring practitioners and developers together to work on these problems. practitioners took along a collection which they were having issues with, and were paired off with a developer who could work on a tool to provide a solution.  day after some short presentations on the purpose of spruce and the aims of the mashup, the practitioners presented some lightning talks on our collections and problems. these included dealing with email attachments, preserving content off facebook, software emulation, black areas in scanned images, and identifying file formats with incorrect extensions, amongst others. i took along some disk images, as we find it very time-consuming to find out date ranges, file types and content of the files in the disk image, and we wanted a more efficient way to get this metadata. more information on the collections and issues presented can be found at the wiki. after a short break for coffee (and excellent cakes and biscuits) we were sorted into small groups of collection owners and developers to discuss our issues in more detail. in my group this led to conversations about natural language processing, and the possibilities of using predefined subjects to identify files as being about a particular topic, which we thought could be really helpful, but somewhat impossible to create in a couple of days! we were then allocated our developers. as there were a few of us with problems with file identification, we were assigned to the same developer, peter may from the bl. the day ended with a short presentation from william kilbride on the value of digital collections and neil beagrie's benefits framework. day the developers were packed off to another room to work on coding, while we collection owners started to look into the business case for digital preservation. we used beagrie’s framework to consider the three dimensions of benefits (direct or indirect, near- or long-term, and internal or external), as they apply to our institutions. when we reported back, it was interesting to see how different organisations benefit in different ways. we also looked at various stakeholders and how important or influential they are to digital preservation. write ups of these sessions are also available at the wiki.   the developers came back at several points throughout the day to share their progress with us, and by lunchtime the first solution had been found! the first steps to solving our problem were being made; peter had found a program, apache tika, which can parse a file and extract metadata (it can also identify the content type of files with incorrect extensions), and had written a script so that it could work through a directory of files, and output the information into a csv spreadsheet. this was a really promising start, especially due to the amount of metadata that could potentially be extracted (provided it exists within the file), and the ability to identify file types with incorrect extensions. day we had another catch up with the developers and their overnight progress. peter had written a script that took the information from the csv file and summarised it into one row, so that it fits into the spreadsheets we use at beam. unfortunately, mounting the iso image to check it with apache tika was slightly more complicated than anticipated, so our disk images couldn't be checked this way without further work. while the developers set about finalizing their solutions, we continued to work on the business case, doing a skills gap analysis to consider whether our institutions had the skills and resources to carry out digital preservation. reporting back, we had a very interesting discussion on skills gaps within the broader archives sector, and the need to provide digital preservation training to students as well as existing professionals. we then had to prepare an ‘elevator pitch’ for those occasions when we find ourselves in a lift with senior management, which neatly brought together all the things we had discussed, as we had to explain the specific benefits of digital preservation to our institution and our goals in about a minute.  to wrap up the developers presented their solutions, which solved many of the problems we had arrived with. a last minute breakthrough in mounting iso images using  wincdemu and running scripts on them meant that we are able to use the tika script on our disk images. however, because we were so short on time, there are still some small problems that need addressing. i'm really happy with our solution, and i was very impressed by all the developers and how much they were able to get done in such a short space of time. i felt that this event was a very useful way to get thinking about the business case for what we do, and to get to see what other people within the sector are doing and what problems they are facing. it was also really helpful as a non-techie to get to talk with developers and get an idea of what it is possible to build tools to do (and get them made!). i would definitely recommend this type of event – in fact, i’d love to go along again if i get the opportunity! posted by rebecca nielsen at : comments: monday, march media recognition: dv part dvcam (encoding) 	 type: 	 digital videotape cassette encoding 	 introduced: 	 	 active: 	 yes, but few new camcorders are being produced. 	 cessation: 	 - 	 capacity: 	 minutes (large), minutes (minidv). 	 compatibility: 	 dvcam is an enhancement of the widely adopted dv format, and uses the same encoding. cassettes recorded in dvcam format can be played back in dvcam vtrs (video tape recorders), newer dv vtrs (made after the introduction of dvcam), and dvcpro vtrs, as long as the correct settings are specified (this resamples the signal to : : ). dvcam can also be played back in compatible hdv players. 	 users: 	 professional / industrial. 	 file systems: 	 - 	 common manufacturers: 	 sony, ikegami. dvcam is sony’s enhancement of the dv format for the professional market. dvcam uses the same encoding as dv, although it records ‘locked’ rather than ‘unlocked’ audio. it also differs from dv as it has a track width of microns and a tape speed of . mm/sec to make it more robust. any dv cassette can contain dvcam format video, but some are sold with dvcam branding on them. recognition dvcam labelled cassettes come in large ( . x x . mm) or minidv ( x x . mm) sizes. tape width is ¼”. large cassettes are used in editing and recording decks, while the smaller cassettes are used in camcorders. they are marked with the dvcam logo, usually in the upper-right hand corner.  hdv (encoding) 	 type: 	 digital videotape cassette encoding 	 introduced: 	 	 active: 	 yes, although industry experts do not expect many new hdv products. 	 cessation: 	 - 	 capacity: 	 hour (minidv), up to . hours (large) 	 compatibility: 	 video is recorded in the popular mpeg- video format. files can be transferred to computers without loss of quality using an ieee connection. there are two types of hdv, hdv p and hdv , which are not cross-compatible. hdv can be played back in hdv vtrs. these are often able to support other formats such as dv and dvcam. 	 users: 	 amateur/professional 	 file systems: 	 - 	 common manufacturers: 	 format developed by jvc, sony, canon and sharp. unlike the other dv enhancements, hdv uses mpeg- compression rather than dv encoding. any dv cassette can contain hdv format video, but some are sold with hdv branding on them.  there are two different types of hdv: hdv p (hd , made by jvc) and hdv (hd , made by sony and canon). hdv devices are not generally compatible with hdv p devices. the type of hdv used is not always identified on the cassette itself, as it depends on the camcorder used rather than the cassette. recognition  hdv is a tape only format which can be recorded on normal dv cassettes. some minidv cassettes with lower dropout rates are indicated as being for hdv, either with text or the hdv logo. these are not essential for recording hdv video.  posted by rebecca nielsen at : no comments: labels: digital video, dvcam, hdv, media recoginition, video media recognition: dv part dv (encoding) 	 type: 	 digital videotape cassette encoding 	 introduced: 	 	 active: 	 yes, but tapeless formats such as mpeg- , mpeg- and mpeg- are becoming more popular. 	 cessation: 	 - 	 capacity: 	 minidv cassettes can hold up to / minutes sp/lp. medium cassette size can hold up to . / . hrs sp/lp. files sizes can be up to gb per minutes of recording. 	 compatibility: 	 dv format is widely adopted. cassettes recorded in the dv format can be played back on dvcam, dvcpro and hdv replay devices. however, lp recordings cannot be played back in these machines. 	 users: 	 dv is aimed at a consumer market – may also be used by ‘prosumer’ film makers. 	 file systems: 	 - 	 common manufacturers: 	 a consortium of over manufacturers including sony, panasonic, jvc, canon, and sharp. dv has a track width of microns and a tape speed of . mm/sec. it can be found on any type of dv cassette, regardless of branding, although most commonly it is the format used on minidv cassettes.  recognition dv cassettes are usually found in the small size, known as minidv. medium size ( . × . × . mm) dv cassettes are also available, although these are not as popular as minidv. dv cassettes are labelled with the dv logo. dvcpro (encoding) 	 type: 	 digital videotape cassette encoding 	 introduced: 	 (dvcpro), (dvcpro ), (dvcpro hd) 	 active: 	 yes, but few new camcorders are being produced. 	 cessation: 	 - 	 capacity: 	 minutes (large), minutes (medium). 	 compatibility: 	 dvcpro is an enhancement of the widely adopted dv format, and uses the same encoding. cassettes recorded in dvcpro format can be played back only in dvcpro video tape recorders (vtrs) and some dvcam vtrs. 	 users: 	 professional / industrial; designed for electronic news gathering 	 file systems: 	 - 	 common manufacturers: 	 panasonic, also philips, ikegami and hitachi. dvcpro is panasonic’s enhancement of the dv format, which is aimed at a professional market. dvcpro uses the same encoding as dv, but it features ‘locked’ audio, and uses : : sampling instead of : : . it has an micron track width, and a tape speed of . mm/sec which makes it more robust. dvcpro uses metal particle (mp) tape rather than metal evaporate( me) to improve durability. dvcpro and dvcpro hd are further developments of dvcpro, which use the equivalent of or dv codecs in parallel to increase the video data rate. any dv cassette can contain dvcpro format video, but some are sold with dvcpro branding on them. recognition dvcpro branded cassettes come in medium ( . × . × . mm) or large ( × × . mm) cassette sizes. the medium size is for use in camcorders, and the large size in editing and recording decks. dvcpro and dvcpro hd branded cassettes are extra-large cassettes ( x x . mm). tape width is ¼”. dvcpro labelled cassettes have different coloured tape doors depending on their type; dvcpro has a yellow tape door, dvcpro has a blue tape door, and dvcpro hd has a red tape door. images of dvcpro cassettes are available at the panasonic website. posted by rebecca nielsen at : no comments: labels: digital video, dv, dvcpro, media recoginition, video media recognition: dv part dv can be used to refer to both a digital tape format, and a codec for digital video. dv tape usually carries video encoded with the dv codec, although it can hold any type of data. the dv format was developed in the mid s by a consortium of video manufacturers, including sony, jvc and panasonic, and quickly became the de facto standard for home video production after introduction in . videos are recorded in .dv or .dif formats, or wrapped in an avi, quicktime or mxf container. these can be easily transferred to a computer with no loss of data over an ieee (fire wire) connection. dv tape is ¼ inch ( . mm) wide. dv cassettes come in four different sizes: small, also known as minidv ( x x . mm), medium ( . × . × . mm), large ( . x x . mm), and extra-large ( x x . mm). minidv is the most popular cassette size. dv cassettes can be encoded with one of four formats; dv, dvcam, dvcpro, or hdv. dv is the original encoding, and is used in consumer devices. dvcpro and dvcam were developed by panasonic and sony respectively as an enhancement of dv, and are aimed at a professional market. the basic encoding algorithm is the same as with dv, but a higher track width ( and microns versus dv’s micron track width) and faster tape speed means that these formats are more robust and better suited to professional users. hdv is a high-definition variant, aimed at professionals and consumers, which uses mpeg- compression rather than the dv format. depending on the recording device, any of the four dv encodings can be recorded on any size dv cassette. however, due to different recording speeds, the formats are not always backwards compatible. a cassette recorded in an enhanced format, such as hdv, dvcam or dvcpro, will not play back on a standard dv player. also, as they are supported by different companies, there are some issues with playing back a dvcpro cassette on dvcam equipment, and vice versa. although all dv cassette sizes can record any format of dv, some are marketed specifically as being of a certain type; e.g. dvcam. the guide below looks at some of the most common varieties of dv cassette that might be encountered, and the encodings that may be used with them. it is important to remember that any type of encoding may be found on any kind of cassette, depending on what system the video was recorded on. minidv (cassette) 	type: 	digital videotape cassette 	introduced: 	 	active: 	yes, but is being replaced in popularity by hard disk and flash memory recording. at the international consumer electronics show no camcorders were presented which record on tape. 	cessation: 	- 	capacity: 	up to minutes sp / minutes lp, depending on the tape used; / minutes sp/lp is standard. this can also depend on the encoding used (see further entries). files sizes can be up to gb per minutes of recording. 	compatibility: 	dv file format is widely adopted. requires fire wire (ieee ) port for best transfer. 	users: 	consumer and ‘prosumer’ film makers, some professionals. 	file systems: 	- 	common manufacturers: 	 a consortium of over manufacturers including sony, panasonic, jvc, canon, and sharp minidv refers to the size of the cassette; as noted above, it can come with any encoding. as a consumer format they generally use dv encoding. dvcam and hdv cassettes also come in minidv size. minidv is the most popular dv cassette, and is used for consumer and semi-professional (‘prosumer’) recordings due to its high quality. recognition these cassettes are the small cassette size, measuring x x . mm. tape width is ¼”. they carry the minidv logo, as seen below: posted by rebecca nielsen at : no comments: labels: digital video, dv, media recoginition, minidv, video monday, january digital preservation: what i wish i knew before i started tuesday th january, last week i attended a student conference, hosted by the digital preservation coalition, on what digital preservation professionals wished they had known before they started. the event covered a great deal of the challenges faced by those involved in digital preservation, and the skills required to deal with these challenges. the similarities between traditional archiving and digital preservation were highlighted at the beginning of the afternoon, when sarah higgins translated terms from the oais model into more traditional ‘archive speak’. dave thompson also emphasized this connection, arguing that digital data “is just a new kind of paper”, and that trained archivists already have - % of the skills needed for digital preservation. digital preservation was shown to be a human rather than a technical challenge. adrian brown argued that much of the preservation process (the "boring stuff") can be automated. dave thompson stated that many of the technical issues of digital preservation, such as migration, have been solved, and that the challenge we now face is to retain the context and significance of the data. the point made throughout the afternoon was that you don’t need to be a computer expert in order to carry out effective digital preservation. the urgency of intervention was another key lesson for the afternoon. as william kilbride put it; digital preservation won’t do itself, won’t go away, and we shouldn't wait for perfection before we begin to act. access to data in the future is not guaranteed without input now, and digital data is particularly intolerant to gaps in preservation. andrew fetherstone added to this argument, noting that doing something is (usually) better than doing nothing, and that even if you are not in a position to carry out the whole preservation process, it is better to follow the guidelines as far as you can, rather than wait and create a backlog. the scale of digital preservation was another point illustrated throughout the afternoon. william kilbride suggested that the days of manual processing are over, due to the sheer amount of digital data being created (estimated to reach zb by !). he argued that the ability to process this data is more important to the future of digital preservation than the risks of obsolescence. the impossibility of preserving all of this data was illustrated by helen hockx-yu, who offered the statistic the the uk web archive and national archives web archive combined have archived less than % of uk websites. adrian brown also pointed out that as we move towards dynamic, individualised content on the web, we must decide exactly what the information is that we are trying to preserve. during the q&a session, it was argued that the scale of digital data means that we have to accept that we can’t preserve everything, that not everything needs to be preserved, and that there will be data loss. the importance of collaboration was another theme which was repeated by many speakers. collaboration between institutions on a local, national and even international level was encouraged, as by sharing solutions to problems and implementing common standards we can make the task of digital preservation easier. this is only a selection of the points covered in a very engaging afternoon of discussion. overall, the event showed that, despite the scale of the task, digital preservation needn't be a frightening prospect, as archivists already have many of the necessary skills. the dpc have uploaded the slides used during the event, and the event was also live-tweeted, using the hashtag #dpc_wiwik, if you are interested in finding out more. posted by rebecca nielsen at : comment: labels: http://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gif tuesday, october what is ‘the future of the past of the web’? ‘the future of the past of the web’, digital preservation coalition workshop british library, october chrissie webb and liz mccarthy in his keynote address to this event – organised by the digital preservation coalition , the joint information systems committee and the british library – herbert van der sompel described the purpose of web archiving as combating the internet’s ‘perpetual now’. stressing the importance to researchers of establishing the ‘temporal context’ of publications and information, he explained how the framework of his memento project uses a ‘ timegate’ implemented via web plugins to show what a resource was like at a particular date in the past. there is a danger, however, that not enough is being archived to provide the temporal context; for instance, although dois provide stable documents, the resources they link to may disappear (‘link rot’). 	 	the memento project firefox plugin uses a sliding timeline (here, just below the google search box) to let users choose an archived date a session on using web archives picked up on the theme of web continuity in a presentation by the national archives on the uk government web archive, where a redirection solution using open source software helps tackle the problems that occur when content is moved or removed and broken links result. current projects are looking at secure web archiving, capturing internal (e.g. intranet) sources, social media capture and a semantic search tool that helps to tag ‘unstructured’ material. in a presentation that reinforced the reason for the day’s ‘use and impact’ theme, eric meyer of the oxford internet institute wondered whether web archives were in danger of becoming the ‘dusty archives’ of the future, contrasting their lack of use with the mass digitisation of older records to make them accessible. is this due to a lack of engagement with researchers, their lack of confidence with the material or the lingering feeling that a url is not a ‘real’ source? archivists need to interrupt the momentum of ‘learned’ academic behaviour, engaging researchers with new online material and developing archival resources in ways that are relevant to real research – for instance, by helping set up mechanisms for researchers to trigger archiving activity around events or interests, or making more use of server logs to help them understand use of content and web traffic. one of the themes of the second session on emerging trends was the shift from a ‘page by page’ approach to the concept of ‘data mining’ and large scale data analysis. some of the work being done in this area is key to addressing the concerns of eric meyer’s presentation; it has meant working with researchers to determine what kinds and sources of data they could really use in their work. representatives of the uk web archive and the internet archive described their innovations in this field, including visualisation and interactive tools. archiving social networks was also a major theme, and wim peters outlined the challenges of the arcomem project, a collaboration between sheffield and hanover universities that is tackling the problems of archiving ‘community memory’ through the social web, confronting extremely diverse and volatile content of varying quality for which future demand is uncertain. richard davis of the university of london computer centre spoke about the blogforever project, a multi-partner initiative to preserve blogs, while mark williamson of hanzo archives spoke about web archiving from a commercial perspective, noting that companies are very interested in preserving the research opportunities online information offers. the final panel session raised the issue of the changing face of the internet, as blogs replace personal websites and social media rather than discrete pages are used to create records of events. the notion of ‘web pages’ may eventually disappear, and web archivists must be prepared to manage the dispersed data that will take (and is taking) their place. other points discussed included the need for advocacy and better articulation of the demand for web archiving (proposed campaign: ‘preserve!: are you saving your digital stuff?’), duplication and deduplication of content, the use of automated selection for archiving and the question of standards. posted by lizrosemccarthy at : no comments: labels: future of the past of the web, webarchives, workshop older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) what's the futurearch blog? a place for sharing items of interest to those curating hybrid archives & manuscripts. 	 	 legacy computer bits wanted! at bodleian electronic archives and manuscripts (beam) we are always on the lookout for older computers, disk drives, technical manuals and software that can help us recover digital archives. if you have any such stuff that you would be willing to donate, please contact susan.thomas@bodleian.ox.ac.uk. examples of items in our wish list include: an apple mac macintosh classic ii computer, a wang pc / series, as well as myriad legacy operating system and word-processing software. handy links 	bodleian electronic archives & manuscripts (beam) 	bodleian library 	digital preservation coalition 	oxford university label cloud 	 n umd ( ) 	 access ( ) 	 accession ( ) 	 accessioning ( ) 	 adapter ( ) 	 advisory board ( ) 	 agents ( ) 	 agrippa ( ) 	 amatino manucci ( ) 	 analysis ( ) 	 appraisal ( ) 	 arch enemy ( ) 	 archival dates ( ) 	 archival interfaces ( ) 	 archiving habits ( ) 	 ata ( ) 	 audio ( ) 	 authority control ( ) 	 autogenerated metadata ( ) 	 autumn ( ) 	 bbc ( ) 	 beam architecture ( ) 	 blu-ray ( ) 	 buzz ( ) 	 cais ( ) 	 case studies ( ) 	 cd ( ) 	 cerp ( ) 	 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world! 	 born digital archives practical first steps 	 mgolson@stanford.edu's blog keep - keeping emulation environments portable 	 digital curation blog thoughts before "the future of the past of the web" 	 archives hub blog 	 open planets foundation 	 uk web archive technology watch 	 digital lives 	 bits bytes & archives 	 branker's blog dpc rss news feed loading... about me 	 susan thomas view my complete profile planet eric lease morgan 	 	 		 	home 	alex catalogue 	serials 	blog 	musings 	planet 	sandbox 				 	 	 	 		 		 writings 					 				 catholic portal 				 	 				 dh @ notre dame 				 	 				 liam: linked archival metadata 				 	 				 life of a librarian 				 	 				 mini-musings 				 	 				 musings 				 	 				 readings 				 	 				 water collection 				 				 					about this planet 	timeline view 		 	 	 	 		 		 		 		february , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		openrefine and the distant reader 		 		 the student, researcher, or scholar can use openrefine to open one or more different types of delimited files. openrefine will then parse the file(s) into fields. it can makes many things easy such as finding/replacing, faceting (think “grouping”), filtering (think “searching”), sorting, clustering (think “normalizing/cleannig”), counting & tabulating, and finally, exporting data. openrefine is an excellent go-between when spreadsheets fail and full-blown databases are too hard to use. openrefine eats delimited files for lunch. many (actually, most) of the files in a study carrel are tab-delimited files, and they will import into openrefine with ease. for example, after all a carrel’s part-of-speech (pos) files are imported into openrefine, the student, researcher, or scholar can very easily count, tabulate, search (filter), and facet on nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc. if the named entities files (ent) are imported, then it is easy to see what types of entities exist and who might be the people mentioned in the carrel: facets (counts & tabulations) of parts-of-speech most frequent nouns types of named-entities who is mentioned in a file and how often openrefine recipes like everything else, using openrefine requires practice. the problem to solve is not so much learning how to use openrefine. instead, the problem to solve is to ask and answer interesting questions. that said, the student, researcher, or scholar will want to sort the data, search/filter the data, and compare pieces of the data to other pieces to articulate possible relationships. the following recipes endeavor to demonstrate some such tasks. the first is to simply facet (count & tabulate) on parts-of-speech files: 	download, install, and run openrefine 	create a new project and as input, randomly chose any file from a study carrel’s part-of-speech (pos) directory 	continue to accept the defaults, and continue with “create project »”; the result ought to be a spreadsheet-like interface 	click the arrow next to the pos column and select facet/text facet from the resulting menu; the result ought to be a new window containing a column of words and a column of frequencies — counts & tabulations of each type of part-of-speech in the file 	go to step # , until you get tired, but this time facet by other values faceting is a whole like like “grouping” in the world of relational databases. faceting alphabetically sorts a list and then counts the number of times each item appears in the list. different types of works have different parts-of-speech ratios. for example, it is not uncommon for there to be a preponderance of past-tense verbs stories. counts & tabulations of personal pronouns as well as proper nouns give senses of genders. a more in-depth faceting against adjectives allude to sentiment. this recipe outlines how to filter (“search”): 	click the “remove all” button, if it exists; this ought to reset your view of the data 	click the arrow next to the “token” column and select “text filter” from the resulting menu 	in your mind, think of a word of interest, and enter it into the resulting search box 	take notice of how the content in the spreadsheet view changes 	go to step # until you get tired 	click the “remove all” button to reset the view 	text filter on the “token” column but search for “^n” (which is code for any noun) and make sure the “regular expression” check box is… checked 	text facet on the “lemma” column; the result ought to be a count & tabulation of all the nouns 	go to step # , but this time search for “^v” or “^j”, which are the codes for any verb or any adjective, respectively by combining the functionalities of faceting and filtering the student, researcher, or scholar can investigate the original content more deeply or at least in different ways. the use of openrefine in this way is akin to leafing through book or a back-of-the-book index. as patterns & anomalies present themselves, they can be followed up more thoroughly through the use of a concordance and literally see the patterns & anomalies in context. this recipe answers the question, “who is mentioned in a corpus, and how often?“: 	download, install, and run openrefine 	create a new project and as input, select all of the files in the named-entity (ent) directory 	continue to accept the defaults, but remember, all the almost all of the files in a study carrel are tab-delimited files, so remember to import them as “csv / tsv / separator-based files”, not excel files 	continue to accept the defaults, and continue with “create project »”; the result ought to be a spreadsheet-like interface 	click the arrow next to “type” column and select facet/text facet from the resulting menu; the result ought to be a new window containing a column of words and a column of frequencies — counts & tabulations of each type of named-entity in the whole of the study carrel 	select “person” from the list of named entities; the result ought to be a count & tabulation of the names of the people mentioned in the whole of the study carrel 	go to step # until tired, but each time select a different named-entity value this final recipe is a visualization: 	create a new parts-of-speech or named-entity project 	create any sort of meaningful set of faceted results 	select the “choices” link; the result ought to be a text area containing the counts & tabulation 	copy the whole of the resulting text area 	paste the result into your text editor, find all tab characters and change them to colons (:), copy the whole of the resulting text 	open wordle and create a word cloud with the contents of your clipboard; word counts may only illustrate frequencies, but sometimes the frequencies are preponderance. a study carrel’s parts-of-speech (pos) and named-entities (ent) files enumerate each and every word or named-entity in each and every sentence of each and every item in the study carrel. given a question relatively quantitative in nature and pertaining to parts-of-speech or named-entities, the pos and ent files are likely to be able to address the question. the pos and ent files are tab-delimited files, and openrefine is a very good tool for reading and analyzing such files. it does much more than was outlined here, but enumerating them here is beyond scope. such is left up to the… reader. 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at february , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		february , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		topic modeling tool – enumerating and visualizing latent themes 		 		 technically speaking, topic modeling is an unsupervised machine learning process used to extract latent themes from a text. given a text and an integer, a topic modeler will count & tabulate the frequency of words and compare those frequencies with the distances between the words. the words form “clusters” when they are both frequent and near each other, and these clusters can sometimes represent themes, topics, or subjects. topic modeling is often used to denote the “aboutness” of a text or compare themes between authors, dates, genres, demographics, other topics, or other metadata items. topic modeling tool is a gui/desktop topic modeler based on the venerable mallet suite of software. it can be used in a number of ways, and it is relatively easy to use it to: list five distinct themes from the iliad and the odyssey, compare those themes between books, and, assuming each chapter occurs chronologically, compare the themes over time. simple list of topics topics distributed across a corpus comparing the two books of homer topics compared over time topic modeling tool recipes these few recipes are intended to get you up and running when it comes to topic modeling tool. they are not intended to be a full-blown tutorial. this first recipe merely divides a corpus into the default number of topics and dimensions: 	download and install topic modeling tool 	copy (not move) the whole of the txt directory to your computer’s desktop 	create a folder/directory named “model” on your computer’s desktop 	open topic modeling tool 	specify the “input dir…” to be the txt folder/directory on your desktop 	specify the “output dir…” to be the folder/directory named “model” on your desktop 	click “learn topics”; the result ought to be a a list of ten topics (numbered to ), and each topic is denoted with a set of scores and twenty words (“dimensions”), and while functional, such a result is often confusing this recipe will make things less confusing: 	change the number of topics from the default ( ) to five ( ) 	click the “optional settings…” button 	change the “the number of topic words to print” to something smaller, say five ( ) 	click the “ok” button 	click “learn topics”; the result will include fewer topics and fewer dimensions, and the result will probably be more meaningful, if not less confusing there is no correct number of topics to extract with the process of topic modeling. “when considering the whole of shakespeare’s writings, what is the number of topics it is about?” this being the case, repeat and re-repeat the previous recipe until you: ) get tired, or ) feel like the results are at least somewhat meaningful. this recipe will help you make the results even cleaner by removing nonsense from the output: 	copy the file named “stopwords.txt” from the etc directory to your desktop 	click “optional settings…”; specify “stopword file…” to be stopwords.txt; click “ok” 	click “learn topics” 	if the results contain nonsense words of any kind (or words that you just don’t care about), edit stopwords.txt to specify additional words to remove from the analysis 	go to step # until you get tired; the result ought to be topics with more meaningful words adding individual words to the stopword list can be tedious, and consequently, here is a power-user’s recipe to accomplish the same goal: 	identify words or regular expressions to be excluded from analysis, and good examples include all numbers (\d+), all single-letter words (\b\w\b), or all two-letter words (\b\w\w\b) 	use your text editor’s find/replace function to remove all occurrences of the identified words/patterns from the files in the txt folder/directory; remember, you were asked to copy (not move) the whole of the txt directory, so editing the files in the txt directory will not effect your study carrel 	run the topic modeling process 	go to step # until you: ) get tired, or ) are satisfied with the results now that you have somewhat meaningful topics, you will probably want to visualize the results, and one way to do that is to illustrate how the topics are dispersed over the whole of the corpus. luckily, the list of topics displayed in the tool’s console is tab-delimited, making it easy to visualize. here’s how: 	topic model until you get a set of topics which you think is meaningful 	copy the resulting topics, and this will include the labels (numbers through n), the scores, and the topic words 	open your spreadsheet application, and paste the topics into a new sheet; the result ought to be three columns of information (labels, scores, and words) 	sort the whole sheet by the second column (scores) in descending numeric order 	optionally replace the generic labels (numbers through n) with a single meaningful word, thus denoting a topic 	create a pie chart based on the contents of the first two columns (labels and scores); the result will appear similar to an illustration above and it will give you an idea of how large each topic is in relation to the others because of a great feature in topic modeling tool it is relatively easy to compare topics against metadata values such as authors, dates, formats, genres, etc. to accomplish this goal the raw numeric information output by the tool (the actual model) needs to be supplemented with metadata, the data then needs to be pivoted, and subsequently visualized. this is a power-user’s recipe because it requires: ) a specifically shaped comma-separated values (csv) file, ) python and a few accompanying modules, and ) the ability to work from the command line. that said, here’s a recipe to compare & contrast the two books of homer: 	copy the file named homer-books.csv to your computer’s desktop 	click “optional settings…”; specify “metadata file…” to be homer-books.csv; click “ok” 	click “learn topics”; the result ought to pretty much like your previous results, but the underlying model has been enhanced 	copy the file named pivot.py to your computer’s desktop 	when the modeling is complete, open up a terminal application and navigate to your computer’s desktop 	run the pivot program (python pivot.py); the result ought to an error message outlining the input pivot.py expects 	run pivot.py again, but this time give it input; more specifically, specify “./model/output_csv/topics-metadata.csv” as the first argument (windows users will specify .\model\output_csv\topics-metadata.csv), specify “barh” for the second argument, and “title” as the third argument; the result ought to be a horizontal bar chart illustrating the differences in topics across the iliad and the odyssey, and ask yourself, “to what degree are the books similar?” the following recipe is very similar to the previous recipe, but it illustrates the ebb & flow of topics throughout the whole of the two books: 	copy the file named homer-chapters.csv to your computer’s desktop 	click “optional settings…”; specify “metadata file…” to be homer-chapters.csv; click “ok” 	click “learn topics” 	when the modeling is complete, open up a terminal application and navigate to your computer’s desktop 	run pivot.py and specify “./model/output_csv/topics-metadata.csv” as the first argument (windows users will specify .\model\output_csv\topics-metadata.csv), specify “line” for the second argument, and “title” as the third argument; the result ought to be a line chart illustrating the increase & decrease of topics from the beginning of the saga to the end, and ask yourself “what topics are discussed concurrently, and what topics are discussed when others are not?” topic modeling is an effective process for “reading” a corpus “from a distance”. topic modeling tool makes the process easier, but the process requires practice. next steps are for the student to play with the additional options behind the “optional settings…” dialog box, read the tool’s documentation, take a look at the structure of the csv/metadata file, and take a look under the hood at pivot.py. 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at february , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		january , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		the distant reader and concordancing with antconc 		 		 concordancing is really a process about find, and antconc is a very useful program for this purpose. given one or more plain text files, antconc will enable the student, researcher, or scholar to: find all the occurrences of a word, illustrate where the word is located, navigate through document(s) where the word occurs, list word collocations, and calculate quite a number of useful statistics regarding a word. concordancing, dating from the th century, is the oldest form of text mining. think of it as control-f (^f) on steroids. antconc does all this and more. for example, one can load all of the iliad and the odyssey into antconc. find all the occurrences of the word ship, visualize where ship appears in each chapter, and list the most significant words associated with the word ship. occurrences of a word dispersion charts “interesting” words antconc recipes this recipe simply implements search: 	download and install antconc 	use the “open files(s)…” menu option to open all files in the txt directory 	select the concordance tab 	enter a word of interest into the search box 	click the start button the result ought to be a list of phrases where the word of interest is displayed in the middle of the screen. in modern-day terms, such a list is called a “key word in context” (kwic) index. this recipe combines search with “control-f”: 	select the concordance tab 	enter a word of interest into the search box 	click the start button 	peruse the resulting phrases and click on one of interest; the result ought to a display of a text and the search term(s) is highlighted in the larger context 	go to step # until tired this recipe produces a dispersion plot, an illustration of where a search term appears in a document: 	select the concordance tab 	enter a word of interest into the search box 	select the “concordance plot” tab the result will be a list of illustrations. each illustration will include zero or more vertical lines denoting the location of your search term in a given file. the more lines in each illustrations, the more times the search terms appear in the document. this recipe counts & tabulates the frequency of words: 	select the “word list” tab 	click the start button; the result will be a list of all the words and their frequencies 	scroll up and down the list to get a feel for what is common 	select a word of interest; the result will be the same as if you entered the word in recipe # it is quite probable the most frequent words will be “stop words” like the, a, an, etc. antconc supports the elimination of stop words, and the reader supplies a stop word list. describing how to implement this functionality is too difficult to put into words. (no puns intended.) but here is an outline: 	select the “tool preferences” menu option 	select the “word list” category 	use the resulting dialog box to select a stop words list, and such a list is called stopwords.txt found in the etc directory 	click the apply button 	go to step # ; and the result will be a frequency list sans any stop words, and the result will be much more meaningful ideas are rarely articulated through the use of individual words; ideas are usually articulated through the use of sets of words (ngrams, sentences, paragraphs, etc.). thus, as john rupert firth once said, “you shall know a word by the company it keeps.” this recipe outlines how to list word co-occurrences and collocations: 	select the “cluster/n-grams” tab 	enter a word of interest in the search box 	click the start button; the result ought to be a list of two-word phrases (bigrams) sort in frequency order 	select a phrase of interest, and the result will just as if you had search for the phrase in recipe # 	go to step # until tired 	select the collocates tab 	enter a word of interest in the search box 	click the start button; the result ought to be a list of words and associated scores, and the scores compare the frequencies of the search word and the given word; words with higher scores can be considered “more interesting” 	select “sort by freq” from the “sort by” pop-up menu 	click the sort button; the result will be the same list of words and associated scores, but this time the list will be sorted by the frequency of the search term/given word combination again, a word is known by the company it keeps. use the co-occurrences and collocations features to learn how a given word (or phrase) is associated with other words. there is much more to antconc than outlined in the recipes outlined above. learning more is left up to you, the student, research, and scholar. 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at january , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		the distant reader workbook 		 		 i am in the process of writing a/the distant reader workbook, which will make its debut at a code lib preconference workshop in march. below is both the “finished” introduction and table-of-contents. hands-on with the distant reader: a workbook this workbook outlines sets of hands-on exercises surrounding a computer system called the distant reader — https://distantreader.org. by going through the workbook, you will become familiar with the problems the distant reader is designed to address, how to submit content to the reader, how to download the results (affectionately called “study carrels”), and how to interpret them. the bulk of the workbook is about the later. interpretation can be as simple as reading a narrative report in your web browser, as complex as doing machine learning, and everything else in-between. you will need to bring very little to the workbook in order to get very much out. at the very least, you will need a computer with a web browser and an internet connection. a text editor such as notepad++ for windows or bbedit for macintosh will come in very handy, but a word processor of any type will do in a pinch. you will want some sort of spreadsheet application for reading tabular data, and microsoft excel or macintosh numbers will both work quite well. all the other applications used in the workbook are freely available for downloading and cross-platform in nature. you may need to install a java virtual machine in order to use some of them, but java is probably already installed on your computer. i hope you enjoy using the distant reader. it helps me use and understand large volumes of text quickly and easily. table of contents i. what is the distant reader, and why should i care? a. the distant reader is a tool for reading b. how it works c. what it does ii. five different types of input a. introduction b. a file c. a url d. a list of urls e. a zip file f. a zip file with a companion csv file f. summary iii. submitting "experiments" and downloading "study carrels" iv. an introduction to study carrels v. the structured data of study carrels; taking inventory through the manifest vi. using combinations of desktop tools to analyze the data a. introduction - the three essential types of desktop tools b. text editors c. spreadsheet/database applications d. analysis applications i. wordle and wordle recipes ii. antconc and antconc recipes iii. excel and excel recipes iv. openrefine and openrefine recipes v. topic modeling tool and tool recipes vii. using command-line tools to dig even deeper viii. summary/conclusion ix. about the author as per usual these days, the “code” is available on github. 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at january , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		january , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		wordle and the distant reader 		 		 visualized word frequencies, while often considered sophomoric, can be quite useful when it comes to understanding a text, especially when the frequencies are focused on things like parts-of-speech, named entities, or co-occurrences. wordle visualizes such frequencies very well. for example, the most frequent words in the iliad and the odyssey, the most frequent nouns in the iliad and the odyssey, or the statistically significant words associated with the word ship from the iliad and the odyssey. simple word frequencies frequency of nouns significant words related to ship wordle recipes here is a generic wordle recipe where wordle will calculate the frequencies for you: 	download and install wordle. it is a java application, so you may need to download and install java along the way, but java is probably already installed on your computer. 	use your text editor to open reader.txt which is located in the etc directory/folder. once opened, copy all of the text. 	open wordle, select the “your text” tab, and paste the whole of the text file into the window. 	click the “wordle” tab and your word cloud will be generated. use the wordle’s menu options to customize the output. congratulations, you have just visualized the whole of your study carrel. here is another recipe, a recipe where you supply the frequencies (or any other score): 	download and install antconc. 	use the “open files(s)…” menu option to open any file in the txt directory. 	click the “word list” tab, and then click the “start” button. the result will be a list of words and their frequencies. 	use the “save output to text file…” menu option, and save the frequencies accordingly. 	open the resulting file in your spreadsheet. 	remove any blank rows, and remove the columns that are not the words and their frequencies 	invert the order of the remaining two columns; make the words the first column and the frequencies the second column. 	copy the whole of the spreadsheet and paste it into your text editor. 	use the text editor’s find/replace function to find all occurrences of the tab character and replace them with the colon (:) character. copy the whole of the text editor’s contents. 	open wordle, click the “your text” tab, paste the frequencies into the resulting window. 	finally, click the “wordle” tab to generate the word cloud. notice how you used a variety of generic applications to achieve the desired result. the word/value pairs given to wordle do not have be frequencies. instead they can be any number of different scores or weights. keep your eyes open for word/value combinations. they are everywhere. word clouds have been given a bad rap. wordle is a very useful tool. 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at january , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		january , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		the distant reader and a web-based demonstration 		 		 the following is an announcement of a web-based demonstration to the distant reader: please join us for a web-based demo and q&a on the distant reader, a web-based text analysis toolset for reading and analyzing texts that removes the hurdle of acquiring computational expertise. the distant reader offers a ready way to onboard scholars to text analysis and its possibilities. eric lease morgan (notre dame) will demo his tool and answer your questions. this session is suitable for digital textual scholars at any level, from beginning to expert. 	when: february , @ - pm pacific standard time 	where: online (https://ucla.zoom.us/j/ ) or at ucla in public affairs building the distant reader: reading at scale the distant reader is a tool for reading. it takes an arbitrary amount of unstructured data (text) as input, and it outputs sets of structured data for analysis — reading. given a corpus of just about any size (hundreds of books or thousands of journal articles), the distant reader analyzes the corpus, and outputs a myriad of reports enabling the researcher to use and understand the corpus. designed with college students, graduate students, scientists, or humanists in mind, the distant reader is intended to supplement the traditional reading process. this presentation outlines the problems the reader is intended to address as well as the way it is implemented on the jetstream platform with the help of both software and personnel resources from xsede. the distant reader is freely available for anybody to use at https://distantreader.org. other distant reader links of possible interest include: 	“study carrels” – http://carrels.distantreader.org 	blog postings – http://sites.nd.edu/emorgan/category/distant-reader/ 	slack channel – http://bit.ly/distantreader-slack 	twitter feed – http://twitter.com/readerdistant 	source code – https://github.com/ericleasemorgan/reader ‘hope to see you there? 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at january , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		december , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		distant reader “study carrels”: a manifest 		 		 the results of the distant reader process is the creation of a “study carrel” — a set of structured data files intended to help you to further “read” your corpus. using a previously created study carrel as an example, this blog posting enumerates & outlines the contents of a typical carrel. a future blog posting will describe ways to use & understand the files outlined here. therefore, the text below is merely a kind of manifest. wall paper by eric the distant reader takes an arbitrary amount of unstructured data (text) as input, and it outputs sets of structured data files for analysis — reading. given a corpus of any size, the distant reader will analyze the corpus, and it will output a myriad of reports enabling you to use & understand the corpus. the distant reader is intended to supplement the traditional reading process. given a question of a rather quantitative nature, a distant reader study carrel may very well contain a plausible answer. the results of downloading and uncompressing the distant reader study carrel is a directory/folder containing a standard set of files and subdirectories. each of these files and subdirectories are listed & described below: 	a – this, or a very similarly named file, is an administrative file, a unique identifier created by the system (airivata) which processed the study carrel. [ ] in the future, this file may not be included. on the other hand, since the file’s name is a unique identifier, then it could be exploited by a developer. 	adr – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files. each file contains a set of email addresses extracted from the documents in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .adr, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have two columns: ) id, and ) address. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files can humorously answer the question “who are you gonna call?” 	bib – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files. each file contains a set of rudimentary bibliographic information from a given document in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .bib, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have thirteen columns: ) id, ) author, ) title, ) date, ) page ), extension, ) mime, ) words, ) sentences, ) flesch, ) summary, ) cache, and ) txt. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files help answer the question “what items are in my corpus, and how can they be described?” 	cache – this subdirectory contains original copies of the files you intended for analysis. it is populated by harvesting content from urls or were supplied in the zip file you uploaded to the reader. each file is named with a unique and somewhat meaningful name and an extension. these files are intended for reading on your computer, or better yet, printed and then read in the more traditional manner. 	css – this subdirectory contains a set of cascading stylesheets used by the html files in the carrel. if you really desired, one could edit these files in order to change the appearance of the carrel. 	input.zip – this file, or something named very similarly, is the file originally used to create your study carrel. it has already served its intended purpose, but it is retained for reasons of provenance. 	ent – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files, and each file contains a set of named entities from a given document in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .ent, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have five columns: ) id, ) sid, ) eid, ) entity, and ) type. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files help answer questions regarding who, what, when, where, how, and how many. 	etc – this subdirectory contains a set of ancillary files, and each are described below: 	model-data.txt – the data file used by topic-model.htm, and it is essentially an enhanced version of reader.txt 	queries.sql – a set of sql queries used to generate report.txt, and this file is an excellent introduction to the use of reader.db 	reader.db – an sqlite database file, and it is essentially the amalgamation of the contents of the adr, bib, ent, pos, urls, and wrd directories; the intelligent use of this file can be used to answer just about any question answerable by the carrel 	reader.sql – a set sql commands denoting the structure of reader.db 	reader.txt – the concatenation of all files in the txt directory; a plain text version of the whole of the corpus is often used for other purposes and it is provided here as a convienence 	report.txt – the result of applying queries.sql to reader.db; this file has the exact same content as standard-output.txt 	stopwords.txt – a list of function words (i.e. “a”, “an”, “the”, etc.) used through the creation of the study carrel 	figures – this subdirectory contains a set of image files used by the carrel’s html files: 	adjectives.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent adjectives in the corpus 	adverbs.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent adverbs in the corpus 	bigrams.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent bigrams (two-word phrases) in the corpus 	flesch-boxplot.png – a box plot illustrating the average, quartile, and outlier readability scores of the items in the corpus 	flesch-histogram.png – a histogram illustrating the distribution of readability scores of the items in the corpus 	keywords.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent keywords (statistically significant unigrams) in the corpus 	nouns.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent nouns in the corpus 	pronouns.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent pronouns in the corpus 	proper-nouns.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent proper nouns in the corpus 	sizes-boxplot.png – a box plot illustrating the average, quartile, and outlier sizes of the items (measured in unigrams) in the corpus 	sizes-histogram.png – a histogram illustrating the distribution of sizes of the items (measured in unigrams) in the corpus 	topics.png – a pie chart illustrating how the corpus is subdivided if topic modeling were applied to the corpus, and the desired number of topics (latent themes) equals five 	unigrams.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent unigrams (individual words) in the corpus 	verbs.png – a word cloud illustrating the most frequent verbs in the corpus 	htm – this subdirectory contains a set of interactive html files linked from the file named index.htm. the functionality of each file is outlined below: 	adjective-noun.htm – search, sort, and browse adjective/noun combinations by adjective, noun, or frequency 	adjectives.htm – search, sort, and browse adjectives and/or their frequency 	adverbs.htm – search, sort, and browse adverbs and/or their frequency 	bigrams.htm – search, sort, and browse bigrams (two-word phrases) and/or their frequency 	entities.htm – search, sort, and browse named-entities, their type, and/or their frequency 	keywords.htm – search, sort, and browse keywords (statistically significant unigrams) and/or their frequency 	noun-verb.htm – search, sort, and browse noun/verb combinations by noun, verb, or frequency 	nouns.htm – search, sort, and browse nouns and/or their frequency 	pronouns.htm – search, sort, and browse pronouns and/or their frequency 	proper-nouns.htm – search, sort, and browse proper nouns and/or their frequency 	quadgrams.htm – search, sort, and browse quadgrams (four-word phrases) and/or their frequency 	questions.htm – search, sort, and browse questions (sentences ending with a question mark) and from which items they were extracted 	search.htm – a free text query interface based on the narrative summaries of each item in the corpus 	topic-model.htm – a topic modeler; a tool used to enumerate as well as compare & contrast latent themes in the corpus 	trigrams.htm – search, sort, and browse trigrams (three-word phrases) and/or their frequency 	unigrams.htm – search, sort, and browse unigrams (individual words) and/or their frequency 	verbs.htm – search, sort, and browse verbs and/or their frequencies 	index.htm – this html file narratively reports on the content of your study carrel. it is the best place to begin once you have downloaded and unzipped the carrel. 	manifest.htm – this file, and it is the third best place to begin once you have downloaded and unzipped a carrel. 	job_ .slurm – this file, or a very similarly named file, is the batch file used to initially create your study carrel. in the future, this file may be removed from the study carrel all together because it serves only an administrative purpose. 	js – this subdirectory includes a set of javascript libraries supporting the functionality of index.htm as well as the html files in the htm directory. because these files are here your computer does not need to be connected to the internet in order to effectively read your carrel. study carrels are designed to be stand-alone file systems usable for years to come. 	license – this is the license file; each study carrel is distributed under a gnu public license. 	pos – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files, and each file contains a set of part-of-speech files from a given document in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .pos, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have six columns: ) id, ) sid, ) tid, ) token, ) lemma, and ) pos. the definitions of these columns are described in another blog posting. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files help answer question regarding who, what, how, how many, and actions as well as grammer and style. 	readme – this file contains the very briefest of introductions to the carrel. 	standard-error.txt – as each study carrel is being created, error and status messages are output to this file. it is a log file. if the creation of your study carrel fails, then this is a good place to look for clues on what went wrong. send me this file if you are stymied. 	standard-output.txt – after your study carrel as been created and distilled into a database, sets of queries are applied against the database. this file is the second best place to begin once you have downloaded and unzipped a carrel. 	tsv – except for one (questions.tsv), this subdirectory contains a set of frequency tables in the form of tab-delimited text files. the exception is a tab-delimited text file too, but it is just not a frequency file. all of these files can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. possible uses for these files are destined to be outlined in future postings, but in short, perusal of these files will help you answer questions regarding your corpus’s “aboutness” as well as who, what, when, where, how, how many, and why questions. the structure of each file is listed below: 	adjective-noun.tsv – three columns: ) adjective, ) noun, and ) frequency where frequency denotes the number of times the given adjective appears immediately before the given noun in the corpus 	adjectives.tsv – two columns: ) adjective, and ) frequency 	adverbs.tsv – two columns: ) adverb, and ) frequency 	bigrams.tsv – two columns: ) bigram (two-word phrase), and ) frequency 	entities.tsv – three columns: ) entity, ) type, and ) frequency 	keywords.tsv – two columns: ) keyword (statistically significant unigram), and ) frequency 	noun-verb.tsv – three columns: ) noun, ) verb, and ) a frequency where frequency denotes the number of times the given noun appears immediately before the given verb in the entire corpus 	nouns.tsv – two columns: ) noun, and ) frequency 	pronouns.tsv – two columns: ) pronoun, and ) frequency 	proper-nouns.tsv – two columns: ) proper, and ) frequency 	quadgrams.tsv – two columns: ) quadgram (four-word phrase), and ) frequency 	questions.tsv – two columns: ) identifier, and ) question where each question is a “sentence” ending in a question mark 	trigrams.tsv – two columns: ) trigram (three-word phrase), and ) frequency 	unigrams.tsv – two columns: ) unigram (individual word), and ) frequency 	verbs.tsv – two columns: ) verb, and ) frequency 	txt – this subdirectory contains plain text versions of the files stored in the cache directory. a plain text version of each & every item in the cache directory ought to exist in this directory. the contents of this directory is what was used to do the reader’s analysis. the contents of this directory are excellent candidates for further analysis with tools such as concordances, indexers, or topic modelers. 	urls – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files, and each file contains a set of urls from a given document in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .url, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have three columns: ) id, ) domain, and ) url. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files help answer questions regarding document provenance and relationships as well as addressing the perenial issue of “finding more like this one”. 	wrd – this subdirectory contains a set of tab-delimited files, and each file contains a set of computed keywords from a given document in your corpus. while the files’ names end in .wrd, they are plain text files that can be imported into for favorite spreadsheet, database, or analysis application. the files have two columns: ) id, and keyword. the definitions of these columns and possible uses of these files are described elsewhere, but in short, these files help answer questions such as “what is this document about?” links [ ] airivata – https://airavata.apache.org 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at december , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		december , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		a distant reader field trip to bloomington 		 		 yesterday i was in bloomington (indiana) for a distant reader field trip. more specifically, i met with marlon pierce and team xsede to talk about distant reader next steps. we discussed the possibility of additional grant opportunities, possible ways to exploit the airivata/django front-end, and distant reader embellishments such as: 	distant reader lite – a desktop version of the reader which processes single files 	distant reader extras – a suite of tools for managing collections of “study carrels” 	the distant reader appliance – a stand-alone piece of hardware built with raspberry pi’s along the way marlon & i visited the data center where i actually laid hands on the reader. we also visited john walsh of the hathitrust research center where i did a two-fold show & tell: ) downloading hathitrust plain text files as well as pdf documents using htid books, and ) the distant reader, of course. as a bonus, there was cool mobile hanging from the ceiling of luddy hall. “a good time was had by all.” 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at december , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		november , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		what is the distant reader and why should i care? 		 		 the distant reader is a tool for reading. [ ] wall paper by eric the distant reader takes an arbitrary amount of unstructured data (text) as input, and it outputs sets of structured data for analysis — reading. given a corpus of any size, the distant reader will analyze the corpus, and it will output a myriad of reports enabling you to use & understand the corpus. the distant reader is intended to supplement the traditional reading process. the distant reader empowers one to use & understand large amounts of textual information both quickly & easily. for example, the distant reader can consume the entire issue of a scholarly journal, the complete works of a given author, or the content found at the other end of an arbitrarily long list of urls. thus, the distant reader is akin to a book’s table-of-contents or back-of-the-book index but at scale. it simplifies the process of identifying trends & anomalies in a corpus, and then it enables a person to further investigate those trends & anomalies. the distant reader is designed to “read” everything from a single item to a corpus of thousand’s of items. it is intended for the undergraduate student who wants to read the whole of their course work in a given class, the graduate student who needs to read hundreds (thousands) of items for their thesis or dissertation, the scientist who wants to review the literature, or the humanist who wants to characterize a genre. how it works the distant reader takes five different forms of input: 	a url – good for blogs, single journal articles, or long reports 	a list of urls – the most scalable, but creating the list can be problematic 	a file – good for that long pdf document on your computer 	a zip file – the zip file can contain just about any number of files from your computer 	a zip file plus a metadata file – with the metadata file, the reader’s analysis is more complete once the input is provided, the distant reader creates a cache — a collection of all the desired content. this is done via the input or by crawling the ‘net. once the cache is collected, each & every document is transformed into plain text, and along the way basic bibliographic information is extracted. the next step is analysis against the plain text. this includes rudimentary counts & tabulations of ngrams, the computation of readability scores & keywords, basic topic modeling, parts-of-speech & named entity extraction, summarization, and the creation of a semantic index. all of these analyses are manifested as tab-delimited files and distilled into a single relational database file. after the analysis is complete, two reports are generated: ) a simple plain text file which is very tabular, and ) a set of html files which are more narrative and graphical. finally, everything that has been accumulated & generated is compressed into a single zip file for downloading. this zip file is affectionately called a “study carrel“. it is completely self-contained and includes all of the data necessary for more in-depth analysis. what it does the distant reader supplements the traditional reading process. it does this in the way of traditional reading apparatus (tables of content, back-of-book indexes, page numbers, etc), but it does it more specifically and at scale. put another way, the distant reader can answer a myriad of questions about individual items or the corpus as a whole. such questions are not readily apparent through traditional reading. examples include but are not limited to: 	how big is the corpus, and how does its size compare to other corpora? 	how difficult (scholarly) is the corpus? 	what words or phrases are used frequently and infrequently? 	what statistically significant words characterize the corpus? 	are there latent themes in the corpus, and if so, then what are they and how do they change over both time and place? 	how do any latent themes compare to basic characteristics of each item in the corpus (author, genre, date, type, location, etc.)? 	what is discussed in the corpus (nouns)? 	what actions take place in the corpus (verbs)? 	how are those things and actions described (adjectives and adverbs)? 	what is the tone or “sentiment” of the corpus? 	how are the things represented by nouns, verbs, and adjective related? 	who is mentioned in the corpus, how frequently, and where? 	what places are mentioned in the corpus, how frequently, and where? people who use the distant reader look at the reports it generates, and they often say, “that’s interesting!” this is because it highlights characteristics of the corpus which are not readily apparent. if you were asked what a particular corpus was about or what are the names of people mentioned in the corpus, then you might answer with a couple of sentences or a few names, but with the distant reader you would be able to be more thorough with your answer. the questions outlined above are not necessarily apropos to every student, researcher, or scholar, but the answers to many of these questions will lead to other, more specific questions. many of those questions can be answered directly or indirectly through further analysis of the structured data provided in the study carrel. for example, each & every feature of each & every sentence of each & every item in the corpus has been saved in a relational database file. by querying the database, the student can extract every sentence with a given word or matching a given grammer to answer a question such as “how was the king described before & after the civil war?” or “how did this paper’s influence change over time?” a lot of natural language processing requires pre-processing, and the distant reader does this work automatically. for example, collections need to be created, and they need to be transformed into plain text. the text will then be evaluated in terms of parts-of-speech and named-entities. analysis is then done on the results. this analysis may be as simple as the use of concordance or as complex as the application of machine learning. the distant reader “primes the pump” for this sort of work because all the raw data is already in the study carrel. the distant reader is not intended to be used alone. it is intended to be used in conjunction with other tools, everything from a plain text editor, to a spreadsheet, to database, to topic modelers, to classifiers, to visualization tools. conclusion i don’t know about you, but now-a-days i can find plenty of scholarly & authoritative content. my problem is not one of discovery but instead one of comprehension. how do i make sense of all the content i find? the distant reader is intended to address this question by making observations against a corpus and providing tools for interpreting the results. links [ ] distant reader – https://distantreader.org 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at november , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		november , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		project gutenberg and the distant reader 		 		 the venerable project gutenberg is perfect fodder for the distant reader, and this essay outlines how & why. (tl;dnr: search my mirror of project gutenberg, save the result as a list of urls, and feed them to the distant reader.) project gutenberg wall paper by eric a long time ago, in a galaxy far far away, there was a man named micheal hart. story has it he went to college at the university of illinois, urbana-champagne. he was there during a summer, and the weather was seasonably warm. on the other hand, the computer lab was cool. after all, computers run hot, and air conditioning is a must. to cool off, micheal went into the computer lab to be in a cool space.† while he was there he decided to transcribe the united states declaration of independence, ultimately, in the hopes of enabling people to use a computers to “read” this and additional transcriptions. that was in . one thing led to another, and project gutenberg was born. i learned this story while attending a presentation by the now late mr. hart on saturday, february , in roanoke (indiana). as it happened it was also mr. hart’s birthday. [ ] to date, project gutenberg is a corpus of more than , freely available transcribed ebooks. the texts are predominantly in english, but many languages are represented. many academics look down on project gutenberg, probably because it is not as scholarly as they desire, or maybe because the provenance of the materials is in dispute. despite these things, project gutenberg is a wonderful resource, especially for high school students, college students, or life-long learners. moreover, its transcribed nature eliminates any problems of optical character recognition, such as one encounters with the hathitrust. the content of project gutenberg is all but perfectly formatted for distant reading. unfortunately, the interface to project gutenberg is less than desirable; the index to project gutenberg is limited to author, title, and “category” values. the interface does not support free text searching, and there is limited support for fielded searching and boolean logic. similarly, the search results are not very interactive nor faceted. nor is there any application programmer interface to the index. with so much “clean” data, so much more could be implemented. in order to demonstrate the power of distant reading, i endeavored to create a mirror of project gutenberg while enhancing the user interface. to create a mirror of project gutenberg, i first downloaded a set of rdf files describing the collection. [ ] i then wrote a suite of software which parses the rdf, updates a database of desired content, loops through the database, caches the content locally, indexes it, and provides a search interface to the index. [ , ] the resulting interface is ill-documented but % functional. it supports free text searching, phrase searching, fielded searching (author, title, subject, classification code, language) and boolean logic (using and, or, or not). search results are faceted enabling the reader to refine their query sans a complicated query syntax. because the cached content includes only english language materials, the index is only , items in size. project gutenberg & the distant reader the distant reader is a tool for reading. it takes an arbitrary amount of unstructured data (text) as input, and it outputs sets of structured data for analysis — reading. given a corpus of any size, the distant reader will analyze the corpus, and it will output a myriad of reports enabling you to use & understand the corpus. the distant reader is intended to supplement the traditional reading process. project gutenberg and the distant reader can be used hand-in-hand. as described in a previous posting, the distant reader can take five different types of input. [ ] one of those inputs is a file where each line in the file is a url. my locally implemented mirror of project gutenberg enables the reader to search & browse in a manner similar to the canonical version of project gutenberg, but with two exceptions. first & foremost, once a search has been gone against my mirror, one of the resulting links is “only local urls”. for example, below is an illustration of the query “love and honor and truth and justice and beauty”, and the “only local urls” link is highlighted: search result by selecting the “only local urls”, a list of… urls is returned, like this: urls this list of urls can then be saved as file, and any number of things can be done with the file. for example, there are google chrome extensions for the purposes of mass downloading. the file of urls can be fed to command-line utilities (ie. curl or wget) also for the purposes of mass downloading. in fact, assuming the file of urls is named love.txt, the following command will download the files in parallel and really fast: cat love.txt | parallel wget this same file of urls can be used as input against the distant reader, and the result will be a “study carrel” where the whole corpus could be analyzed — read. for example, the reader will extract all the nouns, verbs, and adjectives from the corpus. thus you will be able to answer what and how questions. it will pull out named entities and enable you to answer who and where questions. the reader will extract keywords and themes from the corpus, thus outlining the aboutness of your corpus. from the results of the reader you will be set up for concordancing and machine learning (such as topic modeling or classification) thus enabling you to search for more narrow topics or “find more like this one”. the search for love, etc returned more than items. just less than of them were returned in the search result, and the reader empowers you to read all of them at one go. summary project gutenberg is very useful resource because the content is: ) free, and ) transcribed. mirroring project gutenberg is not difficult, and by doing so an interface to it can be enhanced. project gutenberg items are perfect items for reading & analysis by the distant reader. search project gutenberg, save the results as a file, feed the file to the reader and… read the results at scale. notes and links † all puns are intended. [ ] michael hart in roanoke (indiana) – video: https://youtu.be/eeobbsn esg; blog posting: http://infomotions.com/blog/ / /michael-hart-in-roanoke-indiana/ [ ] the various project gutenberg feeds, including the rdf is located at https://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/gutenberg:feeds [ ] the suite of software to cache and index project gutenberg is available on github at https://github.com/ericleasemorgan/gutenberg-index [ ] my full text index to the english language texts in project gutenberg is available at http://dh.crc.nd.edu/sandbox/gutenberg/cgi-bin/search.cgi [ ] the distant reader and its five different types of input – http://sites.nd.edu/emorgan/ / /dr-inputs/ 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at november , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		october , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		ojs toolbox 		 		 given a open journal system (ojs) root url and an authorization token, cache all json files associated with the given ojs title, and optionally output rudimentary bibliographics in the form of a tab-separated value (tsv) stream. [ ] wall paper by eric ojs is a journal publishing system. [ ] is supports a rest-ful api allowing the developer to read & write to the system’s underlying database. [ ] this hack — the ojs toolbox — merely caches & reads the metadata associated with the published issues of a given journal title. the toolbox is written in bash. to cache the metadata, you will need to have additional software as part of your file system: curl and jq. [ , ] curl is used to interact with the api. jq is used to read & parse the resulting json streams. when & if you want to transform the cached json files into rudimentary bibliographics, then you will also need to install gnu parallel, a tool which makes parallel processing trivial. [ ] besides the software, you will need three pieces of information. the first is the root url of the ojs system/title you wish to use. this value will probably look something like this –> https://example.com/index.php/foo ask the ojs systems administrator regarding the details. the second piece of information is an authorization token. if an “api secret” has been created by the local ojs systems administrator, then each person with an ojs account ought to have been granted a token. again, ask the ojs systems administrator for details. the third piece of information is the name of a directory where your metadata will be cached. for the sake of an example, assume the necessary values are: 	root url – https://example.com/index.php/foo 	token – xyzzy 	directory – bar once you have gotten this far, you can cache the totality of the issue metadata: $ ./bin/harvest.sh https://example.com/index.php/foo xyzzy bar more specifically, `harvest.sh` will create a directory called bar. it will then determine how many issues exist in the title foo. it will then harvest sets of issue data, parse each set into individual issue files, and save the result as json files in the bar directory. you now have a “database” containing all the bibliographic information of a given title for my purposes, i need a tsv file with four columns: ) author, ) title, ) date, and ) url. such is the purpose of `issues tsv.sh` and `issue tsv.sh`. the first script, `issues tsv.sh`, takes a directory as input. it then outputs a simple header, finds all the json files in the given directory, and passes them along (in parallel) to `issue tsv.sh` which does the actual work. thus, to create my tsv file, i submit a command like this: $ ./bin/issues tsv.sh bar > ./bar.tsv the resulting file (bar.tsv) looks something like this: 	author 	title 	date 	url 	kilgour 	the catalog 	 - - 	https://example.com/index.php/foo/article/download/ / 	mcgee 	two designs 	 - - 	https://example.com/index.php/foo/article/download/ / 	saracevic 	book reviews 	 - - 	https://example.com/index.php/foo/article/download/ / give such a file, i can easily download the content of a given article, extract any of its plain text, perform various natural language processing tasks against it, text mine the whole, full text index the whole, apply various bits of machine learning against the whole, and in general, “read” the totality of the journal. see the distant reader for details. [ ] links [ ] ojs toolbox – https://github.com/ericleasemorgan/ojs-toolbox [ ] ojs – https://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs/ [ ] ojs api – https://docs.pkp.sfu.ca/dev/api/ojs/ . [ ] curl – https://curl.haxx.se [ ] jq – https://stedolan.github.io/jq/ [ ] gnu parallel – https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel/ [ ] distant reader – https://distantreader.org 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at october , : pm 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		october , 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		life of a librarian 		 		 		 		the distant reader and its five different types of input 		 		 the distant reader can take five different types of input, and this blog posting describes what they are. wall paper by eric the distant reader is a tool for reading. it takes an arbitrary amount of unstructured data (text) as input, and it outputs sets of structured data for analysis — reading. given a corpus of any size, the distant reader will analyze the corpus, and it will output a myriad of reports enabling you to use & understand the corpus. the distant reader is intended to designed the traditional reading process. at the present time, the reader can accept five different types of input, and they include: 	a file 	a url 	a list of urls 	a zip file 	a zip file with a companion csv file each of these different types of input are elaborated upon below. a file the simplest form of input is a single file from your computer. this can be just about file available to you, but to make sense, the file needs to contain textual data. thus, the file can be a word document, a pdf file, an excel spreadsheet, an html file, a plain text file, etc. a file in the form of an image will not work because it contains zero text. also, not all pdf files are created equal. some pdf files are only facsimiles of their originals. such pdf files are merely sets of images concatenated together. in order for pdf files to be used as input, the pdf files need to have been “born digitally” or they need to have had optical character recognition previously applied against them. most pdf files are born digitally nor do they suffer from being facsimiles. a good set of use-cases for single file input is the whole of a book, a long report, or maybe a journal article. submitting a single file to the distant reader is quick & easy, but the reader is designed for analyzing larger rather than small corpora. thus, supplying a single journal article to the reader doesn’t make much sense; the use of the traditional reading process probably makes more sense for a single journal article. a url the distant reader can take a single url as input. given a url, the reader will turn into a rudimentary internet spider and build a corpus. more specifically, given a url, the reader will: 	retrieve & cache the content found at the other end of the url 	extract any urls it finds in the content 	retrieve & cache the content from these additional urls 	stop building the corpus but continue with its analysis in short, given a url, the reader will cache the url’s content, crawl the url one level deep, cache the result, and stop caching. like the single file approach, submitting a url to the distant reader is quick & easy, but there are a number of caveats. first of all, the reader does not come with very many permissions, and just because you are authorized to read the content at the other end of a url does not mean the reader has the same authorization. a lot of content on the web resides behind paywalls and firewalls. the reader can only cache % freely accessible content. “landing pages” and “splash pages” represent additional caveats. many of the urls passed around the ‘net do not point to the content itself, but instead they point to ill-structured pages describing the content — metadata pages. such pages may include things like authors, titles, and dates, but these things are not presented in a consistent nor computer-readable fashion; they are laid out with aesthetics or graphic design in mind. these pages do contain pointers to the content you want to read, but the content may be two or three more clicks away. be wary of urls pointing to landing pages or splash pages. another caveat to this approach is the existence of extraneous input due to navigation. many web pages include links for navigating around the site. they also include links to things like “contact us” and “about this site”. again, the reader is sort of stupid. if found, the reader will crawl such links and include their content in the resulting corpus. despite these drawbacks there are number of excellent use-cases for single url input. one of the best is wikipedia articles. feed the reader a url pointing to a wikipedia article. the reader will cache the article itself, and then extract all the urls the article uses as citations. the reader will then cache the content of the citations, and then stop caching. similarly, a url pointing to an open access journal article will function just like the wikipedia article, and this will be even more fruitful if the citations are in the form of freely accessible urls. better yet, consider pointing the reader to the root of an open access journal issue. if the site is not overly full of navigation links, and if the urls to the content itself are not buried, then the whole of the issue will be harvested and analyzed. another good use-case is the home page of some sort of institution or organization. want to know about apple computer, the white house, a conference, or a particular department of a university? feed the root url of any of these things to the reader, and you will learn something. at the very least, you will learn how the organization prioritizes its public face. if things are more transparent than not, then you might be able to glean the names and addresses of the people in the organization, the public policies of the organization, or the breadth & depth of the organization. yet another excellent use-case includes blogs. blogs often contain content at their root. navigations links abound, but more often than not the navigation links point to more content. if the blog is well-designed, then the reader may be able to create a corpus from the whole thing, and you can “read” it in one go. a list of urls the third type of input is a list of urls. the list is expected to be manifested as a plain text file, and each line in the file is a url. use whatever application you desire to build the list, but save the result as a .txt file, and you will probably have a plain text file.‡ caveats? like the single url approach, the list of urls must point to freely available content, and pointing to landing pages or splash pages is probably to be avoided. unlike the single url approach, the urls in the list will not be used as starting points for web crawling. thus, if the list contains ten items, then ten items will be cached for analysis. another caveat is the actual process of creating the list; i have learned that is actually quite difficult to create lists of urls. copying & pasting gets old quickly. navigating a site and right-clicking on urls is tedious. while search engines & indexes often provide some sort of output in list format, the lists are poorly structured and not readily amenable to url extraction. on the other hand, there are more than a few url extraction tools. i use a google chrome extension called link grabber. [ ] install link grabber. use chrome to visit a site. click the link grabber button, and all the links in the document will be revealed. copy the links and paste them into a document. repeat until you get tired. sort and peruse the list of links. remove the ones you don’t want. save the result as a plain text file.‡ feed the result to the reader. despite these caveats, the list of urls approach is enormously scalable; the list of urls approach is the most scalable input option. given a list of five or six items, the reader will do quite well, but the reader will operate just as well if the list contains dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of urls. imagine reading the complete works of your favorite author or the complete run of an electronic journal. such is more than possible with the distant reader.‡ a zip file the distant reader can take a zip file as input. create a folder/directory on your computer. copy just about any file into the folder/directory. compress the file into a .zip file. submit the result to the reader. like the other approaches, there are a few caveats. first of all, the reader is not able to accept .zip files whose size is greater than megabytes. while we do it all the time, the world wide web was not really designed to push around files of any great size, and megabytes is/was considered plenty. besides, you will be surprised how many files can fit in a megabyte file. second, the computer gods never intended file names to contain things other than simple romanesque letters and a few rudimentary characters. now-a-days our file names contain spaces, quote marks, apostrophes, question marks, back slashes, forward slashes, colons, commas, etc. moreover, file names might be characters long or longer! while every effort as been made to accomodate file names with such characters, your milage may vary. instead, consider using file names which are shorter, simpler, and have some sort of structure. an example might be first word of author’s last name, first meaningful word of title, year (optional), and extension. herman melville’s moby dick might thus be named melville-moby.txt. in the end the reader will be less confused, and you will be more able to find things on your computer. there are a few advantages to the zip file approach. first, you can circumvent authorization restrictions; you can put licensed content into your zip files and it will be analyzed just like any other content. second, the zip file approach affords you the opportunity to pre-process your data. for example, suppose you have downloaded a set of pdf files, and each page includes some sort of header or footer. you could transform each of these pdf files into plain text, use some sort of find/replace function to remove the headers & footers. save the result, zip it up, and submit it to the reader. the resulting analysis will be more accurate. there are many use-cases for the zip file approach. masters and ph.d students are expected to read large amounts of material. save all those things into a folder, zip them up, and feed them to the reader. you have been given a set of slide decks from a conference. zip them up and feed them to the reader. a student is expected to read many different things for history . download them all, put them in a folder, zip them up, and submit them to the distant reader. you have written many things but they are not on the web. copy them to a folder, zip them up, and “read” them with the… reader. a zip file with a companion csv file the final form of input is a zip file with a companion comma-separated value (csv) file — a metadata file. as the size of your corpus increases, so does the need for context. this context can often be manifested as metadata (authors, titles, dates, subject, genre, formats, etc.). for example, you might want to compare & contrast who wrote what. you will probably want to observe themes over space & time. you might want to see how things differ between different types of documents. to do this sort of analysis you will need to know metadata regarding your corpus. as outlined above, the distant reader first creates a cache of content — a corpus. this is the raw data. in order to do any analysis against the corpus, the corpus must be transformed into plain text. a program called tika is used to do this work. [ ] not only does tika transform just about any file into plain text, but it also does its best to extract metadata. depending on many factors, this metadata may include names of authors, titles of documents, dates of creation, number of pages, mime-type, language, etc. unfortunately, more often than not, this metadata extraction process fails and the metadata is inaccurate, incomplete, or simply non-existent. this is where the csv file comes in; by including a csv file named “metadata.csv” in the .zip file, the distant reader will be able to provide meaningful context. in turn, you will be able to make more informed observations, and thus your analysis will be more thorough. here’s how: 	assemble a set of files for analysis 	use your favorite spreadsheet or database application to create a list of the file names 	assign a header to the list (column) and call it “file” 	create one or more columns whose headers are “author” and/or “title” and/or “date” 	to the best of your ability, update the list with author, title, or date values for each file 	save the result as a csv file named “metadata.csv” and put it in the folder/directory to be zipped 	compress the folder/directory to create the zip file 	submit the result to the distant reader for analysis the zip file with a companion csv file has all the strengths & weakness of the plain o’ zip file, but it adds some more. on the weakness side, creating a csv file can be both tedious and daunting. on the other hand, many search engines & index export lists with author, title, and data metadata. one can use these lists as the starting point for the csv file.♱ on the strength side, the addition of the csv metadata file makes the distant reader’s output immeasurably more useful, and it leads the way to additional compare & contrast opportunities. summary to date, the distant reader takes five different types of input. each type has its own set of strengths & weaknesses: 	a file – good for a single large file; quick & easy; not scalable 	a url – good for getting an overview of a single web page and its immediate children; can include a lot of noise; has authorization limitations 	a list of urls – can accomodate thousands of items; has authorization limitations; somewhat difficult to create list 	a zip file – easy to create; file names may get in the way; no authorization necessary; limited to megabytes in size 	a zip file with csv file – same as above; difficult to create metadata; results in much more meaningful reports & opportunities happy reading! notes & links ‡ distant reader bounty # : to date, i have only tested plain text files using line-feed characters as delimiters, such are the format of plain text files in the linux and macintosh worlds. i will pay $ to the first person who creates a plain text file of urls delimited by carriage-return/line-feed characters (the format of windows-based text files) and who demonstrates that such files break the reader. “on you mark. get set. go!” ‡ distant reader bounty # : i will pay $ to the first person who creates a list of , urls and feeds it to the reader. ♱ distant reader bounty # : i will pay $ to the first person who writes a cross-platform application/script which successfully transforms a zotero bibliography into a distant reader csv metadata file. [ ] link grabber – http://bit.ly/ mgtksp [ ] tika – http://tika.apache.org 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		by eric lease morgan at october , : am 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 	date created: - - 	date updated: - - 	url: http://infomotions.com/ 	 free range librarian › k.g. schneider's blog on librarianship, writing, and everything else 	 		free range librarian 		k.g. schneider's blog on librarianship, writing, and everything else 	 	 	skip to content 	about free range librarian 	comment guidelines 	writing: clips & samples 	 		 			 				(dis)association 				monday, may , 				 walking two roses to their new home, where they would be planted in the front yard. i have been reflecting on the future of a national association i belong to that has struggled with relevancy and with closing the distance between itself and its members, has distinct factions that differ on fundamental matters of values, faces declining national and chapter membership, needs to catch up on the technology curve, has sometimes problematic vendor relationships, struggles with member demographics and diversity,  and has an uneven and sometimes conflicting national message and an awkward at best relationship with modern communications; but represents something important that i believe in and has a spark of vitality that is the secret to its future. i am not, in fact, writing about the american library association, but the american rose society.  most readers of free range librarian associate me with libraries, but the rose connection may be less visible. i’ve grown roses in nine places i’ve lived in the last thirty-plus years, starting with roses planted in front of a rental house in clovis, new mexico, when i was stationed at cannon air force base in the s, and continuing in pots or slices of garden plots as i moved around the world and later, the united states. basically, if i had an outdoor spot to grow in, i grew roses, either in-ground or in pots, whether it was a slice of sunny backyard in wayne, new jersey, a tiny front garden area in point richmond, california, a sunny interior patio in our fake eichler rental in palo alto, or a windy, none-too-sunny, and cold (but still much-appreciated) deck in our rental in san francisco. when sandy and i bought our sweet little house in santa rosa, part of the move involved rolling large garden pots on my radio flyer from our rental two blocks away. some of you know i’m an association geek, an avocation that has waxed as the years have progressed. i join associations because i’m from a generation where that’s done, but another centripetal pull for staying and being involved is that associations, on their own, have always interested me. it’s highly likely that a long time ago, probably when i was stationed in new mexico and, later, germany (the two duty stations where i had the ability to grow roses), that i was a member of the american rose society for two or three years. i infer this because i accumulated, then later recycled, their house magazine, american rose, and i also have vague memories of receiving the annual publication, handbook for selecting roses. early this year i joined the redwood empire rose society and a few weeks after that joined the american rose society. i joined the local society because i was eager to plant roses in our new home’s garden and thought this would be a way to tap local expertise, and was won over by the society’s programming, a range of monthly educational events that ranged from how to sharpen pruning shears to the habits and benefits of bees (a program where the audience puffed with pride, because roses--if grown without toxic chemical intervention–are highly beneficial bee-attracting pollen plants). i joined the national society less out of need than because i was curious about what ars had to offer to people like me who are rose-lovers but average gardeners, and i was also inquisitive about how the society had (or had not) repositioned itself over the years. my own practices around rose gardening have gradually changed, reflecting broader societal trends. thirty years ago, i was an unwitting cog in the agricultural-industrial rose complex. i planted roses that appealed to my senses — attractive, repeat-blooming, and fragrant — and then managed their ability to grow and produce flowers not only through providing the two things all roses need to grow– sun and water — but also through liberal applications of synthetic food and toxic pest and disease products. the roses i purchased were bred for the most part with little regard for their ability to thrive without toxic intervention or for their suitability for specific regions. garden by garden, my behavior changed. i slowly adopted a “thrive or die” mantra. if a rose could not exist without toxic chemical interventions, then it did not belong in my garden, and i would, in rosarian parlance, “shovel-prune” it and replace it with a rose that could succeed with sun, water, good organic food and amendments, and an occasional but not over-fussy attention. eventually, as i moved toward organic gardening and became more familiar with sustainability in general, i absorbed the message that roses are plants, and the soil they grow in is like the food i put in my body: it influences their health. so i had the garden soil tested this winter while i was moving and replacing plants, digging holes that were close to two feet wide and deep. based on the test results, i adjusted the soil accordingly: i used organic soil sulphur to lower the ph, dug in slow-release nitrogen in the form of feathermeal, and bathed the plants in a weak solution of organic liquid manganese. as i now do every spring, when it warmed up a bit i also resumed my monthly treatment of fish fertilizer, and this year, based on local rose advice, in a folksier vein dressed all the bushes with organic worm castings and alfalfa, both known to have good fertilizing capabilities. alfalfa also has a lot of trace nutrients we know less about but appear to be important. princesse charlene de monaco, hybrid tea rose bred by meilland guess what? science is real! nearly all of the rose bushes are measurably larger and more vigorous. carding mill, a david austin rose, went from a medium shrub to a flowering giant. new roses i planted this spring, such as grand dame and pinkerbelle, are growing much more vigorously than last year’s new plantings. some of this is due to the long, gloomy, wet winter, which gave roses opportunities to snake their long roots deeper into the good soil we have in sonoma county; my friends are reporting great spring flushes this year. but roses planted even in the last six weeks, such as princesse charlene de monaco and sheila’s perfume, are taking off like a rocket, so it’s not just the rain or the variety. (you do not need to do all this to grow roses that will please you and your garden visitors, including bees and other beneficial insects. i enjoy the process. the key thing is that nearly all of my roses are highly rated for disease resistance and nearly all are reported to grow well in our region.) science–under attack in our national conversations–is also an area of conflict within the ars. presidents of the ars have three-year terms, and the previous president, pat shanley, was an advocate of sustainable rose growing. she spoke and wrote about the value of organic gardening, and championed selecting varieties that do not require toxic intervention to thrive. the theme of the american rose annual was “roses are for everyone,” and this annual is a fascinating look at the sustainable-gardening wing of the ars. most of the articles emphasized the value of what paul zimmerman, a rose evangelist, calls “garden roses,” flowers that everyday people like you and me can grow and enjoy. the message in this annual is reinforced by recent books by longtime rose advocates and ars members, such as peter kukielski’s roses without chemicals and zimmerman’s everyday roses, books i highly recommend for library collections as well as personal use. (roses without chemicals is a book i use when i wake up at odd hours worried about things, because it is beautifully written and photographed and the roses are listed alphabetically.) now the ars has a new president, bob martin, a longtime exhibitor, who in editorials has promoted chemical intervention for roses. “and yes virginia we do spray our roses,” he wrote in the march/april “first word” editorial in american rose, the house organ of the ars. “as does nearly every serious rose exhibitor and those who want their rose bushes to sustainably produce the most beautiful blooms [emphasis mine].” american rose does not appear to publish letters to the editor. there is no section listed for letters that i can find in any recent issue, and the masthead only lists a street address for “member and subscription correspondence.” otherwise, i would write a short letter protesting the misuse of the term “sustainably,” as well as the general direction of this editorial. i am a rose amateur, and make no bones about it. but i know that equating chemical spraying with sustainability is, hands-down, fake news. it’s one thing to soak roses in toxins and call it a “health maintenance” program, as he does in this article. that’s close to the line but not over it, since he’s from the exhibitors’ wing of ars. but it’s just plain junk science to claim that there is anything connected to sustainability about this approach. i also can’t imagine that this “toxins forever” message is attracting new ars members or encouraging them to renew. it feels disconnected from what motivates average gardeners like me to grow roses today (to enjoy them in their gardens) and from how they want to grow them today (in a manner that honors the earth). frankly, one of the happiest moments in my garden last year was not from personal enjoyment of the flowers or even the compliments of neighbors and passers-by, but when i saw bees doing barrel-rolls in the stamens of my roses, knowing that i was helping, not hurting, their survival. the vast majority of people buying and planting roses these days have no idea there is a single-plant society dedicated to this plant, or even less that this society believes it understands their motivations for and interest in roses. my environmental scan of the literature and the quantities of roses provided by garden stores makes me suspect that many people buy roses based on a mix of personal recommendations, marketing guidance (what the vendors are promoting), and what they remember from their family gardens. (i would love to learn there had been market research in this area; vendors may have taken this up.) for average gardeners, their memories include roses such as peace and mr. lincoln, which were bred in the middle of the last century, when the focus was not on disease resistance but on producing the hourglass hybrid tea shape that became the de facto standard for exhibiting. we can get sentimental about roses from the late th century, but many of these varieties also helped perpetuate the idea that roses are hard to grow, despite the many varieties that grew just fine for thousands of years (or in the case of excellenz von schubert, which i planted this year, years and counting). market persuasion continues today; vendors tempt buyers through savvy marketing plans such as the downton abbey rose series from weeks or david austin’s persistent messaging about “english” roses. note — i own a lovely rose from the downton abbey line, violet’s pride, that is quite the garden champ, and have three david austin roses (carding mill, munstead wood, and gentle hermione). i’m just noting market behavior. it is well-documented in rose literature that the rose that seems to have shaken the ars to the core is the knockout series, which introduced maintenance-free roses to a generation short on time and patience and increasingly invested in sustainable practices throughout their lives, including their gardens. again, smart marketing was part of the formula, because there always have been sustainable roses, and ome companies, such as kordes, moved to disease-resistant hybridizing decades ago. but the knockout roses were promoted as an amazing breakthrough. (it may help to know that new varieties of roses have -year patents during which propagation is only legally through license. i don’t begrudge hybridizers their income, given how much work–sometimes thousands of seedlings–goes into producing a single good rose, but this does factor into how and why roses are marketed.) you don’t need a certificate as a master gardener or membership in a rose society to grow knockout roses or newer competitors such as the oso easy line. you don’t really need to know anything about roses at all, other than roses grow in sun, not shade, and appreciate water. you also don’t need to spray knockout roses with powerful fungicides to prevent blackspot and mildew. regardless of the public’s reaction to easy-to-grow roses, the rose world’s reception of the knockout rose by the rose world was mixed, to use an understatement. though the knockout rose was the ars members’ choice rose, rumblings abounded, and knockout was even blamed in popular literature as a vector for the rose rosette virus (rrv), though this was later debunked. fifty years ago rrv was observed in a number of rose varieties, long before the knockout rose appeared. (this mite-spread virus was promulgated in the united states to control a pest rose, rosa multiflora, that was itself introduced without realizing what havoc it would wreak.) again, i’m no scientist, but i would think the appearance of rrv in “domesticated” roses was inevitable, regardless of which rose variety was first identified by name as carrying this disease. rose hybridizing is now catching up with the public’s interests and the wider need for roses with strong disease resistance. rose companies prominently tout disease resistance and many new varieties can be grown toxin-free. i selected princesse charlene de monaco in part because it medaled as best hybrid tea in the biltmore international rose trials, for which roses must perform well in terms of vigor and disease resistance as well as aesthetic qualities. there were companies such as kordes who walked this walk before it was fashionable, but in typical change-adoption fashion, other vendors are adapting their own practices, because the market is demanding it. but association leadership is driven by different goals than that for for-profit companies. a colleague of mine, after sharing his support for my successful run for ala executive board, commented that it takes expertise to run a $ million organization–skills not everyone has in equal abundance. my further reflection is that the kind of leadership we need at any one time is also unique to that moment, though–with absolutely no aspersions on our current crop of excellent leaders in ala–historically, we have not always selected leadership for either general expertise or current needs, an issue hardly unique to ars or ala. so i watch the ars seesaw. as just one more example, recently i read an article within the same ars email newsletter touting the value of lacewings for insect management, followed by an article about the value of chemical interventions that i know are toxic to beneficial insects. these aren’t just contradictory ideas; they are contradictory values, contradictory messages, and contradictory branding. and these conflicting messages are evident even before we look at the relationship between the national association and local societies (organized differently than ala chapters but with the similar intent). if i could deduce the current priorities for ars from its magazine, website, and email newsletters, it would be the renovation of the ars garden in shreveport. the plan to update the -year-old “national rosarium” makes sense, if you like rose gardens, but it sounds more like a call to the passionate few than the general public. it’s hard to infer other priorities when website sections such as “cyber rosarian” invite members to ask questions that then go unanswered for over a year. the section called “endorsed products” is its own conflicted mix of chemical interventions, artificial fertilizers, and organic rose food. the website section on rose preservation–a goal embedded in the ars mission statement, “the american rose society exists to promote the culture, preservation and appreciation of the rose”–is a blank page with a note it is under construction. a section with videos by paul zimmerman is useful, but the rose recommendations by district are incomplete, and also raise the issue that ars districts are organized geopolitically, not by climate. a rose suited for the long dry summers of sonoma county may not do as well in maui. the ars “modern roses” database has value, listing over , cultivars. but if i want insight into a specific rose, i use helpmefind.com, which despite its generic name and rustic interface is the de facto go-to site for rose information, questions, and discussion, often in the context of region, climate, and approaches to sustainability. i pay a small annual fee for premium access, in part to get hmf’s extra goodies (advanced search, and access to lineage information) but primarily because this site gives me value and i want to support their work. though i couldn’t find data on the ars website for membership numbers in national, district, or local societies, i intuit membership overall is declining. it is in our local society, where despite great programming in a region where many people grow roses, i am one of the younger members. again, there are larger forces at work with association membership, but pointing to those forces and then doing business as usual is a recipe for slow death. interestingly, the local rose society is aware of its challenges and interested in what it might mean to reposition itself for survival. most recently, we founded a facebook group that anyone could join (look for redwood empire rose society). but the society doesn’t have very much time, and a facebook group isn’t the magic bullet. to loop back to ala for a moment: i can remember when the response to concerns about membership decline were that the library field was contracting as a whole and association membership was also less popular in general. but these days, ala is invested in moving past these facts and asking, what then? ala is willing to change to survive. and i believe that is why ala will be around years from now, assuming we continue to support human life on this continent. as i ponder all this, deep in my association geekiness, i’m left with these questions: if the ars can’t save itself, who will be there for the roses? will the ad hoc, de facto green-garden rosarians form a new society, will they simply soldier on as a loose federation, or will the vendors determine the future of roses? have rose societies begun talking about strategic redirection, consolidation, and other new approaches? does the ars see itself as a change leader? where does the ars see itself in years? am i just a naive member in the field, totally missing the point, or is there something to what i’m observing, outside the palace walls? i’ve been writing this off and on for months. it’s memorial day and it’s now light enough outside to wander into our front yard, pruners and deadheading bucket in hand, iphone in my pocket so i can share what bloomed while i slept. over time i changed how i grow roses, but not why i grow roses. somewhere in there is an insight, but it’s time to garden. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments off on (dis)association 				 			 			 				i have measured out my life in doodle polls 				wednesday, april , 				 you know that song? the one you really liked the first time you heard it? and even the fifth or fifteenth? but now your skin crawls when you hear it? that’s me and doodle. in the last three months i have filled out at least a dozen doodle polls for various meetings outside my organization. i complete these polls at work, where my two-monitor setup means i can review my outlook calendar while scrolling through a doodle poll with dozens of date and time options. i don’t like to inflict doodle polls on our library admin because she has her hands full enough, including managing my real calendar. i have largely given up on earmarking dates on my calendar for these polls, and i just wait for the inevitable scheduling conflicts that come up. some of these polls have so many options i would have absolutely no time left on my calendar for work meetings, many of which need to be made on fairly short notice. not only that, i gird my loins for the inevitable “we can’t find a date, we’re doodling again” messages that mean once again, i’m going to spend minutes checking my calendar against a doodle poll. i understand the allure of doodle; when i first “met” doodle, i was in love. at last, a way to pick meeting dates without long, painful email threads! but we’re now deep into the tragedy of the doodle commons, with no relief in sight. here are some doodle ideas–you may have your own to toss in. first, when possible, before doodling, i ask for blackout dates. that narrows the available date/time combos and helps reduce the “we gotta doodle again” scenarios. second, if your poll requires more than a little right-scrolling, reconsider how many options you’re providing. a poll with options might as well be asking me to block out april. and i can’t do that. third, i have taken exactly one poll where the pollster chose to suppress other people’s responses, and i hope to never see that again. there is a whole gaming side to doodling in which early respondents get to drive the dates that are selected, and suppressing other’s responses eliminates that capability. plus i want to know who has and hasn’t responded, and yes, i may further game things when i have that information. also, if you don’t have to doodle, just say no. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				memento dmv 				saturday, march , 				 this morning i spent minutes in the appointment line at the santa rosa dmv to get my license renewed and converted to real id, but was told i was “too early” to renew my license, which expires in september, so i have to return after i receive my renewal notice. i could have converted to real id today, but i would still need to return to renew my license, at least as it was explained to me, and i do hope that was correct. cc by . , https://wellcomecollection.org/works/m wh kmc but–speaking as a librarian, and therefore from a profession steeped in resource management–i predict chaos in if dmv doesn’t rethink their workflow. we’re months out from october , the point at which people will not be able to board domestic flights if they don’t have a real id or a valid passport, or another (and far less common) substitute. then again, california dmv is already in chaos. their longtime leader retired, the replacement lasted days, and their new leader has been there ca. days. last year featured the license renewal debacle, which i suspect impacted the man standing behind me. he said he was there to apply for his license again because he never received the one he applied for last fall. and california dmv is one of states that still needs a real id extension because it didn’t have it together on time. indeed, i was on the appointment line, and nearly everyone in that line was on their second visit to dmv for the task they were trying to accomplish, and not for lack of preparation on their part. some of that was due to various dmv crises, and some of it is baked into dmv processes. based on how their current policies were explained to me today at window , i should never have been on that line in the first place; somewhere, in the online appointment process, the dmv should have prevented me from completing that task. i needlessly took up staff time at dmv. but the bigger problem is a system that gets in its own way, like libraries that lock book drops during the day to force users to enter the libraries to return books. with me standing there at window with my online appointment, my license, and my four types of id, the smart thing to do would be to complete the process and get me out of the pipeline of real id applicants–or any other dmv activity. but that didn’t happen. and i suspect i’m just one drop in a big, and overflowing, bucket. i suppose an adroit side move is to ensure your passport is current, but i hope we don’t reach the point where we need a passport to travel in our own country. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments off on memento dmv 				 			 			 				an old-skool blog post 				friday, march , 				 i get up early these days and get stuff done — banking and other elder-care tasks for my mother, leftover work from the previous day, association or service work. a lot of this is writing, but it’s not writing. i have a half-dozen unfinished blog posts in wordpress, and even more in my mind. i map them out and they are huge topics, so then i don’t write them. but looking back at the early days of this blog — years ago! — i didn’t write long posts. i still wrote long-form for other media, but my blog posts were very much in the moment. so this is an old-skool post designed to ease me back in the writing habit. i’ll strive for twice a week, which is double the output of the original blogger, samuel johnson. i’ll post for minutes and move on to other things. i am an association nerd, and i spend a lot of time thinking about associations of all kinds, particularly the american library association, the american homebrewers association, the american rose society, the redwood empire rose society, the local library advisory boards, my church, and our neighborhood association. serving on the ala steering committee on organizational effectiveness, i’m reminded of a few indelible truths. one is that during the change management process you need to continuously monitor the temperature of the association you’re trying to change and in the words of one management pundit, keep fiddling with the thermostat. an association didn’t get that big or bureaucratic overnight, and it’s not going to get agile overnight, either. another is that the same people show up in each association, and–more interesting to me–stereotypes are not at play in determining who the change agents are. i had a great reminder of that years ago, when i served as the library director for one of those tiny barbie dream libraries in upstate new york, and i led the migration from a card catalog to a shared system in a consortium. too many people assumed that the library staff–like so many employees in these libraries, all female, and nearly all older women married to retired spouses–would be resistant to this change. in fact, they loved this change. they were fully on board with the relearning process and they were delighted and proud that they were now part of a larger system where they could not only request books from other libraries but sometimes even lend books as well from our wee collection. there were changes they and the trustees resisted, and that was a good lesson too, but the truism of older women resisting technology was dashed against the rocks of reality. my minutes are up. i am going in early today because i need to print things, not because i am an older woman who fears technology but because our home printer isn’t working and i can’t trust that i’ll have seatback room on my flight to chicago to open my laptop and read the ala executive board manual electronically, let alone annotate it or mark it up. i still remember the time i was on a flight, using my rpod (red pen of death, a fine-point red-ink sharpie) to revise an essay, and the passenger next to me turned toward me wide-eyed and whispered, “are you a teacher?” such is the power of rpod, an objective correlative that can immediately evoke the fear of correction from decades ago. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in american liberry ass'n, association nerd 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				keeping council 				saturday, january , 				 editorial note: over half of this post was composed in july . at the time, this post could have been seen as politically neutral (where ala is the political landscape i’m referring to) but tilted toward change and reform. since then, events have transpired. i revised this post in november, but at the time hesitated to post it because events were still transpiring. today, in january , i believe even more strongly in what i write here, but take note that the post didn’t have a hidden agenda when i wrote it, and, except where noted, it still reflects my thoughts from last july, regardless of ensuing events. my agendas tend to be fairly straightforward. — kgs   original post, in which councilors are urged to council edits in noted with bolding. as of july , i am back on ala council for my fifth (non-consecutive) term since joining the american library association in . in june i attended council orientation, and though it was excellent–the whole idea that councilors would benefit from an introduction to the process is a beneficial concept that emerged over the last two decades–it did make me reflect on what i would add if there had been a follow-on conversation with sitting councilors called “sharing the wisdom.” i was particularly alerted to that by comments during orientation which pointed up a traditional view of the council process where ala’s largest governing body is largely inactive for over days a year, only rousing when we prepare to meet face to face. take or leave what i say here, or boldly contradict me, but it does come from an abundance of experience. you are a councilor year-round most newly-elected councilors “take their seats” immediately after the annual conference following their election — a factoid with significance. council, as a body, struggles with being a year-round entity that takes action twice a year during highly-condensed meetings during a conference with many other things happening. i have written about this before, in a dryly wonky post from that also addresses council’s composition and the role of chapters. i proposed that council meet four times a year, in a solstice-and-equinox model. two of those meetings (the “solstice” meetings) could  be online. (as far back as i was hinting around about the overhead and carbon footprint of midwinter.) i doubt midwinter will go to an online format even within the next decade–it’s a moneymaker for ala, if less so than before, and ala’s change cycle is glacial–but the proposal was intended to get people thinking about how council does, and doesn’t, operate. in lieu of any serious reconsideration of council, here are some thoughts. first, think of yourself as a year-round councilor, even if you do not represent a constituency such as a state chapter or a division that meets and takes action outside of ala. have at least a passing familiarity with the ala policy manual. bookmark it and be prepared to reference it. get familiar with ala’s financial model through the videos that explain things such as the operating agreement. read and learn about ala. share news. read the reports shared on the list, and post your thoughts and your questions. think critically about what you’re reading. it’s possible to love your association, believe with your heart that it has a bright future, and still raise your eyebrows about pat responses to budget questions, reassurances that membership figures and publishing revenue will rebound, and glib responses about the value of units such as the planning and budget assembly. come to council prepared. read everything you can in advance, speak with other councilors, and apply solid reflection, and research if needed, before you finish packing for your trip. preparation requires an awareness that you will be deluged with reading just as you are struggling to button up work at your library and preparing to be away for nearly a week, so skimming is essential. i focus on issues where i know i can share expertise, and provide input when i can. also, i am proud we do memorial resolutions and other commemorations but i don’t dwell on them in advance unless i have helped write them or had close familiarity with the people involved. fee, fie, foe, forum coming prepared to council is one of those values council has struggled with. looking at the council list for the week prior to annual , the only conversation was a discussion about the relocation of the council forum meeting room from one hotel to another, complete with an inquiry asking if ala could rent a special bus to tote councilors to and from the forum hotel. council forum is an informal convening that has taken place for decades to enable council to discuss resolutions and other actions outside of the strictures of parliamentary procedure. it meets three times during ala, in the evening, and though it is optional, i agree with the councilor who noted that important work happens at this informal gathering. i am conflicted about forum. it allows substantive discussion about key resolutions to happen outside of the constrictive frameworks of parliamentary procedure. forum is also well-run, with volunteer councilors managing the conversation. but forum also appears to have morphed into a substitute for reading and conversation in advance. it also means that councilors have to block out yet more time to do “the work of the association,” which in turn takes us away from other opportunities during the few days we are together as an association. i don’t say this to whine about the sacrifice of giving up dinners and networking with ala colleagues, though those experiences are important to me, but rather to point out that forum as a necessary-but-optional council activity takes a silo–that brobdingnabian body that is ala council–and further silos it. that can’t be good for ala. as councilors, we benefit from cross-pollination with the work of the association. resolved: to tread lightly with resolutions new councilors, and i was one of them once, are eager to solve ala’s problems by submitting resolutions. indeed, there are new councilors who see resolutions as the work of council, and there have been round tables and other units that clearly saw their work as generating reams of lightly-edited, poorly-written resolutions just prior to and during the conference. there are at least three questions to ask before submitting a resolution (other than memorial and other commemorative resolutions): 	can the resolution itself help solve a problem? 	has it been coordinated with the units and people involved in the issue it addresses? 	is it clear and well-written? there are other questions worth considering, such as, if the issue this resolution proposed to address cropped up a month after council met, would you still push it online with your council colleagues, or ask the ala executive board to address it? which is another way to ask, is it important? tread lightly with twitter overall, since coming through the stress of living through the santa rosa fires, i’m feeling weary, and perhaps wary, of social media. though i appreciate the occasional microbursts taking on idiots insulting libraries and so on, right now much of social media feels at once small and overwrought. if i seem quieter on social media, that’s true. (but i have had more conversations with neighbors and area residents during and after the fires than i have since we moved to santa rosa in early , and those convos are the real thing.) more problematically, as useful as twitter can be for following real-world issues–including ala–twitter also serves as a place where people go to avoid the heavy lifting involved with crucial conversations. i find i like #alacouncil twitter best when it is gently riffing on itself or amplifying action that the larger ala body would benefit hearing about. [the following, to the end of this post, is all new content] i like #alacouncil twitter least when it is used as a substitute for authentic conversation, used to insult other councilors, or otherwise undermining the discourse taking place in the meatware world. twitter is also particularly good at the unthinking pile-on, and many people have  vulnerabilities in this area that are easily exploited. sometimes those pile-ons hit me close to home, as happened a little over a year ago. other times these pile-ons serve only to amuse the minx in me, such as when a famous author (™) recently scolded me for “trafficking in respectability politics” because i was recommending a list of books written by writers from what our fearless leader calls “s–thole countries.” guilty as charged! indeed, i have conducted two studies where a major theme was “do i look too gay?” i basically have a ph.d. in respectability politics. and like all writers–including famous author (™)–i traffic in them. i chuckled and walked on by. walking on by, on twitter, takes different forms. as an administrator, i practice a certain pleasant-but-not-sugary facial expression that stays on my face regardless of what’s going on in my head. i’m not denying my emotions, which would be the sugary face; i’m managing them. it’s a kind of discipline that also helps me fjord difficult conversations, in which the discipline of managing my face also helps me manage my brain. the equivalent of my admin face for me for #alacouncil twitter is to exercise the mute button. i have found it invaluable. people don’t know they are muted (or unmuted). if only real life had mute buttons–can you imagine how much better some meetings would be if you could click a button and the person speaking would be silenced, unaware that you couldn’t hear them? everyone wins. but that aside, i have yet to encounter a situation on twitter when–for me–muting was the wrong call. it’s as if you stepped off the elevator and got away from that person smacking gum. another car will be along momentarily. my last thought on this post has to do with adding the term “sitting” before councilors in the first part of this post. when i was not on council i tried very hard not to be “that” former councilor who is always kibitizing behind scene, sending councilors messages about how things should be and how, in the s, ala did something bad and therefore we can never vote online because nobody knows how to find ala connect and it’s all a nefarious plot hatched by the ala president, his dimwitted sycophants, and the executive board, and why can’t my division have more representation because after all we’re the -pound gorilla (ok, i just got political, but you’ll note i left out anything about what should or should not be required for a very special job). yes, once in a while i sent a note if i thought it was helpful, the way some of my very ala-astute friends will whisper in my ear about policy and process i may be unfamiliar with. michael golrick, a very connected ala friend of mine, must have a third brain hemisphere devoted to the ala policy manual and bylaws. and during a time when i was asking a lot of questions about the ala budget (boiling down to one question: who do you think you’re fooling?), i was humbled by the pantheon of ala luminaries whispering in my ear, providing encouragement as well as crucial guidance and information. but when i am no longer part of something, i am mindful that things can and should change and move on, and that i may not have enough information to inform that change. we don’t go to ala in horse-and-buggies any more, but we conduct business as if we do, and when we try to change that, the fainting couches are rolled out and the smelling salts waved around as if we had, say, attempted to change the ala motto, which is, i regret to inform you, “the best reading, for the largest number, at the least cost”–and yes, attempts to change that have been defeated. my perennial question is, if you were starting an association today, how would it function? if the answer is “as it did in ” (when that motto was adopted), perhaps your advice on a current situation is less salient than you fancy. you may succeed at what you’re doing, but that doesn’t make you right. and with that, i go off to courthouse square today to make exactly that point about events writ much, much larger, and of greater significance, than our fair association. but i believe how we govern makes a difference, and i believe in libraries and library workers, and i believe in ala. especially today. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in american liberry ass'n, librarianship 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				what burns away 				thursday, november , 				 we are among the lucky ones. we did not lose our home. we did not spend day after day evacuated, waiting to learn the fate of where we live. we never lost power or internet. we had three or four days where we were mildly inconvenienced because pg&e wisely turned off gas to many neighborhoods, but we showered at the ymca and cooked on an electric range we had been planning to upgrade to gas later this fall (and just did, but thank you, humble frigidaire electric range, for being there to let me cook out my anxiety). we kept our go-bags near the car, and then we kept our go-bags in the car, and then, when it seemed safe, we took them out again. that, and ten days of indoor living and wearing masks when we went out, was all we went through. but we all bear witness. the foreshadowing it began with a five-year drought that crippled forests and baked plains, followed by an soaking-wet winter and a lush  spring that crowded the hillsides with greenery. summer temperatures hit records several times, and the hills dried out as they always do right before autumn, but this time unusually crowded with parched foliage and growth. the air in santa rosa was hot and dry that weekend, an absence of humidity you could snap between your fingers. in the southwest section of the city, where we live, nothing seemed unusual. like many homes in santa rosa our home does not have air conditioning, so for comfort’s sake i grilled our dinner, our -foot backyard fence buffering any hint of the winds gathering speed northeast of us. we watched tv and went to bed early. less than an hour later one of several major fires would be born just miles east of where we slept. reports vary, but accounts agree it was windy that sunday night, with windspeeds ranging between and miles per hour, and a gust northwest of santa rosa reaching nearly miles per hour. if the diablo winds were not consistently hurricane-strength, they were exceptionally fast, hot, and dry, and they meant business. a time-lapse map of calls shows the first reports of downed power lines and transformers coming in around pm.  the tubbs fire was named for a road that is named for a th-century winemaker who lived in a house in  calistoga that burned to the ground in an eerily similar fire in . in three hours this fire sped miles southwest, growing in size and intent as it gorged on hundreds and then thousands of homes in its way, breaching city limits and expeditiously laying waste to homes in the fountaingrove district before it tore through the journey’s end mobile home park, then reared back on its haunches and leapt across a six-lane divided section of highway , whereupon it gobbled up big-box stores and fast food restaurants flanking cleveland avenue, a business road parallel to the highway.  its swollen belly, fat with miles of fuel, dragged over the area and took out buildings in the  the random manner of fires. kohl’s and kmart were totaled and trader joe’s was badly damaged, while across the street from kmart, joann fabrics was untouched. the fire demolished one mexican restaurant, hopscotched over another, and feasted on a gun shop before turning its ravenous maw toward the quiet middle-class neighborhood of coffey park, making short work of thousands more homes. santa rosa proper is itself only square miles, approximately miles north-south and miles east-west, including the long tail of homes flanking the annadel mountains. by the time kohl’s was collapsing, the “wildfire” was less than miles from our home. i woke up around am, which i tend to do a lot anyway. i walked outside and smelled smoke, saw people outside their homes looking around, and went on twitter and facebook. there i learned of a local fire, forgotten by most in the larger conflagration, but duly noted in brief by the press democrat: a large historic home at th and pierson burned to the ground, possibly from  a downed transformer, and the fire licked the edge of the santa rosa creek trail for another feet. others in the west end have reported the same experience of reading about the th street house fire on social media and struggling to reconcile the reports of this fire with reports of panic and flight from areas north of us and videos of walls of flame. at am i received a call that the university had activated its emergency operations center and i asked if i should report in. i showered and dressed, packed a change of clothes in a tote bag, threw my bag of important documents in my purse, and drove south on my usual route to work, petaluma hill road. the hills east of the road flickered with fire, the road itself was packed with fleeing drivers, and halfway to campus i braked at mph when a massive buck sprang inches in front of my car, not running in that “oops, is this a road?” way deer usually cross lanes of traffic but yawing too and fro, its eyes wide. i still wonder, was it hurt or dying. as i drove onto campus i thought, the cleaning crew. i parked at the library and walked through the building, already permeated with smoky air. i walked as quietly as i could, so that if they were anywhere in the building i would hear them. as i walked through the silent building i wondered, is this the last time i will see these books? these computers? the new chairs i’m so proud of? i then went to the eoc and found the cleaning crew had been accounted for, which was a relief. at least there was food and beer a few hours later i went home. we had a good amount of food in the house, but like many of us who were part of this disaster but not immediately affected by it, i decided to stock up. the entire santa rosa marketplace– costco and trader joe’s, target–on santa rosa avenue was closed, and oliver’s had a line outside of people waiting to get in. i went to the “g&g safeway”–the one that took over a down-at-the-heels family market known as g&g and turned it into a spiffy market with a wine bar, no less–and it was without power, but open for business and, thanks to a backup system, able to take atm cards. i had emergency cash on me but was loathe to use it until i had to. sweating through an n mask i donned to protect my lungs, i wheeled my cart through the dark store, selecting items that would provide protein and carbs if we had to stuff them in our go-bags, but also fresh fruit and vegetables, dairy and eggs–things i thought we might not see for a while, depending on how the disaster panned out. (note, we do already have emergency food, water, and other supplies.) the cold case for beer was off-limits–safeway was trying to retain the cold in its freezer and fridge cases in case it could save the food–but there was a pile of cases of lagunitas lil sumpin sumpin on sale, so that with a couple of bottles of local wine went home with me too. and with one wild interlude, for most of the rest of the time we stayed indoors with the windows closed.  i sent out email updates and made phone calls, kept my phone charged and read every nexil alert, and people at work checked in with one another. my little green library emergency contact card stayed in my back pocket the entire time. we watched tv and listened to the radio, including extraordinary local coverage by ksro, the little station that could; patrolled newspapers and social media; and rooted for sheriff rob, particularly after his swift smack-down of a bogus, breitbart-fueled report that an undocumented person had started the fires. our home was unoccupied for a long time before we moved in this september, possibly up to a decade, while it was slowly but carefully upgraded. the electric range was apparently an early purchase; it was a line long discontinued by frigidaire, with humble electric coils. but it had been unused until we arrived, and was in perfect condition. if an electric range could express gratitude for finally being useful, this one did. i used it to cook homey meals: pork loin crusted with smithfield bacon; green chili cornbread; and my sui generis meatloaf, so named because every time i make it, i grind and add meat scraps from the freezer for a portion of the meat mixture. (it would be several weeks before i felt comfortable grilling again.) we cooked. we stirred. we sauteed. we waited. on wednesday, we had to run an errand. to be truthful, it was an amazon delivery purchased that saturday, when the world was normal, and sent to an amazon locker at the capacious whole foods at coddington mall, a good place to send a package until the mall closes down because the northeast section of the city is out of power and threatened by a massive wildfire. by wednesday, whole foods had reopened, and after picking up my silly little order–a gadget that holds soda cans in the fridge–we drove past russian river brewing company and saw it was doing business, so we had salad and beer for lunch, because it’s a luxury to have beer at lunch and the fires were raging and it’s so hard to get seating there nights and weekends, when i have time to go there, but there we were. we asked our waiter how he was doing, and he said he was fine but he motioned to the table across from ours, where a family was enjoying pizza and beer, and he said they had lost their homes. there were many people striving for routine during the fires, and to my surprise, even the city planning office returned correspondence regarding some work we have planned for our new home, offering helpful advice on the permitting process required for minor improvements for homes in historic districts. because it turns out developers and engineers could serenely ignore local codes and build entire neighborhoods in santa rosa in areas known to be vulnerable to wildfire; but to replace bare dirt with a little white wooden picket fence, or to restore front windows from s-style plate glass to double-hung wooden windows with mullions–projects intended to reinstate our house to its historic accuracy, and to make it more welcoming–requires a written justification of the project, accompanying photos, “proposed elevations (with landscape plan if you are significantly altering landscape) ( copies),” five copies of a paper form, a neighborhood context and vicinity map provided by the city, and a check for $ , followed by “ - weeks” before a decision is issued. the net result of this process is like the codes about not building on ridges, though much less dangerous; most people ignore the permitting process, so that the historic set piece that is presumably the goal is instead rife with anachronisms. and of course, first i had to bone up on the residential building code and the historic district guidelines, which contradict one another on key points, and because the permitting process is poorly documented i have an email traffic thread rivaling in word count byron’s letters to his lovers. but the planning people are very pleasant, and we all seemed to take comfort in plodding through the administrivia of city bureaucracy as if we were not all sheltering in place, masks over our noses and mouths, go-bags in our cars, while fires raged just miles from their office and our home. the wild interlude, or, i have waited my entire career for this moment regarding the wild interlude, the first thing to know about my library career is that nearly everywhere i have gone where i have had the say-so to make things happen, i have implemented key management. that mishmosh of keys in  a drawer, the source of so much strife and arguments, becomes an orderly key locker with numbered labels. it doesn’t happen overnight, because keys are control and control is political and politics are what we tussle about in libraries because we don’t have that much money, but it happens. sometimes i even succeed in convincing people to sign keys out so we know who has them. other times i convince people to buy a locker with a keypad so we sidestep the question of where the key to the key locker is kept. but mostly, i leave behind the lockers, and, i hope, an appreciation for lockers. i realize it’s not quite as impressive as founding the library of alexandria, and it’s not what people bring up when i am introduced as a keynote speaker, and i have never had anyone ask for a tour of my key lockers nor have i ever been solicited to write a peer-reviewed article on key lockers. however unheralded, it’s a skill. my memory insists it was tuesday, but the calendar says it was late monday night when i received a call that the police could not access a door to an area of the library where we had high-value items. it would turn out that this was a rogue lock, installed sometime soon after the library opened in , that unlike others did not have a master registered with the campus, an issue we have since rectified. but in any event, the powers that be had the tremendous good fortune to contact the person who has been waiting her entire working life to prove beyond doubt that key lockers are important. after a brief internal conversation with myself, i silently nixed the idea of offering to walk someone through finding the key. i said i knew where the key was, and i could be there in twenty minutes to find it. i wasn’t entirely sure this was the case, because as obsessed as i am with key lockers, this year i have been preoccupied with things such as my deanly duties, my doctoral degree completion, national association work, our home purchase and household move, and the selection of geegaws like our new gas range (double oven! center griddle!). this means i had not spend a lot of time perusing this key locker’s manifest. so there was an outside chance i would have to find the other key, located somewhere in an another department, which would require a few more phone calls. i was also in that liminal state between sleep and waking; i had been asleep for two hours after being up since am, and i would have agreed to do just about anything. within minutes i was dressed and again driving down petaluma hill road, still busy with fleeing cars.  the mountain ridges to the east of the road roiled with flames, and i gripped the steering wheel, watching for more animals bolting from fire. once in the library, now sour with smoke, i ran up the stairs into my office suite and to the key locker, praying hard that the key i sought was in it. my hands shook. there it was, its location neatly labeled by the key czarina who with exquisite care had overseen the organization of the key locker. the me who lives in the here-and-now profusely thanked past me for my legacy of key management, with a grateful nod to the key czarina as well. what a joy it is to be able to count on people! items were packed up, and off they rolled. after a brief check-in at the eoc, home i went, to a night of “fire sleep”–waking every minutes to sniff the air and ask, is fire approaching?–a type of sleep i would have for the next ten days, and occasionally even now. how we speak to one another in the here and now every time sandy and i interact with people, we ask, how are you. not, hey, how are ya, where the expected answer is “fine, thanks” even if you were just turned down for a mortgage or your mother died. but no, really, how are you. like, fire-how-are-you. and people usually tell you, because everyone has a story. answers range from: i’m ok, i live in petaluma or sebastopol or bodega bay (in soco terms, far from the fire), to i’m ok but i opened my home to family/friends/people who evacuated or lost their homes; or, i’m ok but we evacuated for a week; or, as the guy from home depot said, i’m ok and so is my wife, my daughter, and our cats, but we lost our home. sometimes they tell you and they change the subject, and sometimes they stop and tell you the whole story: when they first smelled smoke, how they evacuated, how they learned they did or did not lose their home. sometimes they have before-and-after photos they show you. sometimes they slip it in between other things, like our cat sitter, who mentioned that she lost her apartment in fountaingrove and her cat died in the fire but in a couple of weeks she would have a home and she’d be happy to cat-sit for us. now, post-fire, we live in that tritest of phrases, a new normal. the library opened that first half-day back, because i work with people who like me believe that during disasters libraries should be the first buildings open and the last to close. i am proud to report the library also housed nomacares, a resource center for those at our university affected by the fire. that first friday back we held our library operations meeting, and we shared our stories, and that was hard but good. but we also resumed regular activity, and soon the study tables and study rooms were full of students, meetings were convened, work was resumed, and the gears of life turned. but the gears turned forward, not back. because there is no way back. i am a city mouse, and part of moving to santa rosa was our decision to live in a highly citified section, which turned out to be a lucky call. but my mental model of city life has been forever twisted by this fire. i drive on just four miles north of our home, and there is the unavoidable evidence of a fire boldly leaping into an unsuspecting city. i go to the fabric store, and i pass twisted blackened trees and a gun store totaled that first night. i drive to and from work with denuded hills to my east a constant reminder. but that’s as it should be. even if we sometimes need respite from those reminders–people talk about taking new routes so they won’t see scorched hills and devastated neighborhoods–we cannot afford to forget. sandy and i have moved around the country in our years together, and we have seen clues everywhere that things are changing and we need to take heed. people like to lapse into the old normal, but it is not in our best interests to do so. all of our stories are different. but we share a collective loss of innocence, and we can never return to where we were. we can only move forward, changed by the fire, changed forever. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in santa rosa living 					| 					 					| 					comments off on what burns away 				 			 			 				neutrality is anything but 				saturday, august , 				 “we watch people dragged away and sucker-punched at rallies as they clumsily try to be an early-warning system for what they fear lies ahead.” — unwittingly prophetic me, march, . sheet cake photo by flickr user glane . cc by . sometime after last november, i realized something very strange was happening with my clothes. my slacks had suddenly shrunk, even if i hadn’t washed them. after months of struggling to keep myself buttoned into my clothes, i gave up and purchased slacks and jeans one size larger. i call them my t***p pants. this post is about two things. it is about the lessons librarians are learning in this frightening era about the nuances and qualifications shadowing our deepest core values–an era so scary that quite a few of us, as tina fey observed, have acquired t***p pants. and it’s also some advice, take it or leave it, on how to “be” in this era. i suspect many librarians have had the same thoughts i have been sharing with a close circle of colleagues. most librarians take pride in our commitment to free speech. we see ourselves as open to all viewpoints. but in today’s new normal, we have seen that even we have limits. this week, the acrl board of directors put out a statement condemning the violence in charlottesville. that was the easy part. the board then stated, “acrl is unwavering in its long-standing commitment to free exchange of different viewpoints, but what happened in charlottesville was not that; instead, it was terrorism masquerading as free expression.” you can look at what happened in charlottesville and say there was violence “from many sides,” some of it committed by “very fine people” who just happen to be nazis surrounded by their own private militia of heavily-armed white nationalists. or you can look at charlottesville and see terrorism masquerading as free expression, where triumphant hordes descended upon a small university town under the guise of protecting some lame-ass statue of an american traitor, erected sixty years after the end of the civil war, not coincidentally during a very busy era for the klan. decent people know the real reason the nazis were in charlottesville: to tell us they are empowered and emboldened by our highest elected leader. there is no middle ground. you can’t look at charlottesville and see everyday people innocently exercising first amendment rights. as i and many others have argued for some time now, libraries are not neutral.  barbara fister argues, “we stand for both intellectual freedom and against bigotry and hate, which means some freedoms are not countenanced.” she goes on to observe, “we don’t have all the answers, but some answers are wrong.” it goes to say that if some answers are wrong, so are some actions. in these extraordinary times, i found myself for the first time ever thinking the aclu had gone too far; that there is a difference between an unpopular stand, and a stand that is morally unjustifiable. so i was relieved when the national aclu concurred with its three northern california chapters that “if white supremacists march into our towns armed to the teeth and with the intent to harm people, they are not engaging in activity protected by the united states constitution. the first amendment should never be used as a shield or sword to justify violence.” but i was also sad, because once again, our innocence has been punctured and our values qualified. every asterisk we put after “free speech” is painful. it may be necessary and important pain, but it is painful all the same. many librarians are big-hearted people who like to think that our doors are open to everyone and that all viewpoints are welcome, and that enough good ideas, applied frequently, will change people. and that is actually very true, in many cases, and if i didn’t think it was true i would conclude i was in the wrong profession. but we can’t change people who don’t want to be changed. listen to this edition of the daily, a podcast from the new york times, where american fascists plan their activities. these are not people who are open to reason. as david lankes wrote, “there are times when a community must face the fact that parts of that community are simply antithetical to the ultimate mission of a library.” we urgently need to be as one voice as a profession around these issues. i was around for–was part of–the “filtering wars” of the s, when libraries grappled with the implications of the internet bringing all kinds of content into libraries, which also challenged our core values. when you’re hand-selecting the materials you share with your users, you can pretend you’re open to all points of view. the internet challenged that pretense, and we struggled and fought, and were sometimes divided by opportunistic outsiders. we are fortunate to have strong ala leadership this year. the ala board and president came up swinging on tuesday with an excellent presser that stated unequivocally that “the vile and racist actions and messages of the white supremacist and neo-nazi groups in charlottesville are in stark opposition to the ala’s core values,” a statement that (in the tradition of ensuring chapters speak first) followed a strong statement from our virginia state association.  arl also chimed in with a stemwinder of a statement.  i’m sure we’ll see more. but ala’s statement also describes the mammoth horns of the library dilemma. as i wrote colleagues, “my problem is i want to say i believe in free speech and yet every cell in my body resists the idea that we publicly support white supremacy by giving it space in our meeting rooms.” if you are in a library institution that has very little likelihood of exposure to this or similar crises, the answers can seem easy, and our work appears done. but for more vulnerable libraries, it is crucial that we are ready to speak with one voice, and that we be there for those libraries when they need us. how we get there is the big question. i opened this post with an anecdote about my t***p pants, and i’ll wrap it up with a concern. it is so easy on social media to leap in to condemn, criticize, and pick apart ideas. take this white guy, in an internet rag, the week after the election, chastising people for not doing enough.  you know what’s not enough? sitting on twitter bitching about other people not doing enough. this week, siva vaidhyanathan posted a spirited defense of a tina fey skit where she addressed the stress and anxiety of these political times.  siva is in the center of the storm, which gives him the authority to state an opinion about a sketch about charlottesville. i thought fey’s skit was insightful on many fronts. it addressed the humming anxiety women have felt since last november (if not earlier). it was–repeatedly–slyly critical of inaction: “love is love, colin.” it even had a ru paul joke. a lot of people thought it was funny, but then the usual critics came out to call it naive, racist, un-funny, un-woke, advocating passivity, whatever. we are in volatile times, and there are provocateurs from outside, but also from inside. think. breathe. step away from the keyboard. take a walk. get to know the mute button in twitter and the unfollow feature in facebook. pull yourself together and think about what you’re reading, and what you’re planning to say. interrogate your thinking, your motives, your reactions. i’ve read posts by librarians deriding their peers for creating subject guides on charlottesville, saying instead we should be punching nazis. get a grip. first off, in real life, that scenario is unlikely to transpire. you, buried in that back cubicle in that library department, behind three layers of doors, are not encountering a nazi any time soon, and if you did, i recommend fleeing, because that wackdoodle is likely accompanied by a trigger-happy militiaman carrying a loaded gun. (there is an entire discussion to be had about whether violence to violence is the politically astute response, but that’s for another day.) second, most librarians understand that their everyday responses to what is going on in the world are not in and of themselves going to defeat the rise of fascism in america. but we are information specialists and it’s totally wonderful and cool to respond to our modern crisis with information, and we need to be supportive and not go immediately into how we are all failing the world. give people a positive framework for more action, not scoldings for not doing enough. in any volatile situation, we need to slow the eff down and ask how we’re being manipulated and to what end; that is a lesson the aclu just learned the hard way. my colleague michael stephens is known for saying, “speak with a human voice.” i love his advice, and i would add, make it the best human voice you have. we need one another, more than we know.   bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in intellectual freedom, librarianship 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				mpow in the here and now 				sunday, april , 				 sometimes we have monsters and ufos, but for the most part it’s a great place to work i have coined a few biblioneologisms in my day, but the one that has had the longest legs is mpow (my place of work), a convenient, mildly-masking shorthand for one’s institution. for the last four years i haven’t had the bandwidth to coin neologisms, let alone write about mpow*. this silence could be misconstrued. i love what i do, and i love where i am. i work with a great team on a beautiful campus for a university that is undergoing a lot of good change. we are just wrapping up the first phase of a visioning project to help our large, well-lit building serve its communities well for the decades to come. we’re getting ready to join the other csu libraries on onesearch, our first-ever unified library management system. we have brought on some great hires, thrown some great events (the last one featured four black panthers talking about their life work — wow!). with a new dean (me) and a changing workforce, we are developing our own personality. it’s all good… and getting better the library was doing well when i arrived, so my job was to revitalize and switch it up. as noted in one of the few posts about mpow, the libraries in my system were undergoing their own reassessment, and that has absorbed a fair amount of our attention, but we continue to move forward. sometimes it’s the little things. you may recall i am unreasonably proud of the automated table of contents i generated for my dissertation, and i also feel that way about mpow’s slatwall book displays, which in ten areas beautifully market new materials in spaces once occupied by prison-industry bookcases or ugly carpet and unused phones (what were the phones for? perhaps we will never know). the slatwall was a small project that was a combination of expertise i brought from other libraries, good teamwork at mpow, and knowing folks. the central problem was answered quickly by an email to a colleague in my doctoral program (hi, cindy!) who manages public libraries where i saw the displays i thought would be a good fit. the team selected the locations, a staff member with an eye for design recommended the color, everyone loves it, and the books fly off the shelves. if there is any complaining, it is that we need more slatwall. installed slatwall needs to wait until we know if we are moving/removing walls as part of our building improvements. a bigger holdup is that we need to hire an access services manager, and really, anything related to collections needs the insight of a collections librarian. people… who need people… but we had failed searches for both these positions… in the case of collections, twice. *cue mournful music* we have filled other positions with great people now doing great things, and are on track to fill more positions, but these two, replacing people who have retired, are frustrating us. the access services position is a managerial role, and the collections librarian is a tenure-track position. both offer a lot of opportunity. we are relaunching both searches very soon (i’ll post a brief update when that happens), and here’s my pitch. if you think you might qualify for either position, please apply. give yourself the benefit of the doubt. if you know someone who would be a good fit for either position, ask them to apply. i recently mentored someone who was worried about applying to a position. “will that library hold it against me if i am not qualified?” the answer is of course not!  (and if they do, well, you dodged that bullet!) i have watched far too many people self-select out of positions they were qualified for (hrrrrmmmm particularly one gender…). qualification means expertise + capacity + potential. we expect this to be a bit of a stretch to you. if a job is really good, most days will have a “fake it til you make it” quality. this is also not a “sink or swim” institution. if it ever was, those days are in the dim past, long before i arrived. the climate is positive. people do great things and we do our best to support them. i see our collective responsibility as an organization as to help one another succeed. never mind me and my preoccupation with slatwall (think of it as something to keep the dean busy and happy, like a baby with a binky). we are a great team, a great library, on a great campus, and we’re a change-friendly group with a minimum of organizational issues, and i mean it. i have worked enough places to put my hand on a bible and swear to that. it has typical organizational challenges, and it’s a work in progress… as are we all. the area is crazily expensive, but it’s also really beautiful and so convenient for any lifestyle. you like city? we got city. you like suburb, or ocean, or mountain, or lake? we got that! anyway, that’s where i am with mpow: i’m happy enough, and confident enough, to use this blog post to beg you oh please help us fill these positions. the people who join us will be glad you did. ### *   sidebar: the real hilarity of coining neologisms is that quite often someone, generally of a gender i do not identify with, will heatedly object to the term, as happened in when i coined the term biblioblogosphere. then, as i noted in that post from , others will defend it. that leads me to believe that creating new words is the linguistic version of lifting one’s hind leg on a tree. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				questions i have been asked about doctoral programs 				wednesday, march , 				 about six months ago i was visiting another institution when someone said to me, “oh, i used to read your blog, back in the day.” ah yes, back in the day, that pleistocene era when i wasn’t working on a phd while holding down a big job and dealing with the rest of life’s shenanigans. so now the phd is done–i watched my committee sign the signature page, two copies of it, even, before we broke out the champers and celebrated–and here i am again. not blogging every day, as i did once upon a time, but still freer to put virtual pen to electronic paper as the spirit moves me. i have a lot to catch up on–for example, i understand there was an election last fall, and i hear it may not have gone my way–but the first order of business is to address the questions i have had from library folk interested in doctoral programs. note that my advice is not directed at librarians whose goal is to become faculty in lis programs. dropping back in one popular question comes from people who had dropped out of doctoral programs. could they ever be accepted into a program again? i’m proof there is a patron saint for second chances. i spent one semester in a doctoral program in and dropped out for a variety of reasons–wrong time, wrong place, too many life events happening. at the time, i felt that dropping out was the academic equivalent of you’ll never eat lunch in this town again, but part of higher education is a series of head games, and that was one of them. the second time around, i had a much clearer idea of what i wanted from a program and what kind of program would work for me, and i had the confluence of good timing and good luck. the advice tom galvin gave me in , when sandy and i were living in albany and when tom–a longtime ala activist and former ala exec director–was teaching at suny albany, still seems sound: you can drop out of one program and still find your path back to a doctorate, just don’t drop out of two programs. i also have friends who suffered through a semester or two, then decided it wasn’t for them. when i started the program, i remember thinking “i need this ph.d. because i could never get a job at, for example, x without it.” then i watched as someone quite accomplished, with no interest in ever pursuing even a second masters, was hired at x. there is no shame in deciding the cost/benefit analysis isn’t there for you–though i learned, through this experience, that i was in the program for other, more sustainable reasons. selecting your program i am also asked what program to attend. to that my answer is, unless you are very young and can afford to go into, and hopefully out of, significant amounts of debt, pick the program that is most affordable and allows you to continue working as a professional (though if you are at a point in life when you can afford to take a couple years off and get ‘er done, more power to you). that could be a degree offered by your institution or in cooperation with another institution, or otherwise at least partially subsidized. i remember pointing out to an astonished colleague that the ed.d. he earned for free (plus many saturdays of sweat equity) was easily worth $ , , based on the tuition rate at his institution. speaking of which, i get asked about ph.d. versus ed.d. this can be a touchy question. my take: follow the most practical and affordable path available to you that gets you the degree you will be satisfied with and that will be the most useful to you in your career. but whether ed.d. or ph.d., it’s still more letters after your name than you had before you started. where does it hurt? what’s the hardest part of a doctoral program? for me, that was a two-way tie between the semester coursework and the comprehensive exams. the semester work was challenging because it couldn’t be set aside or compartmentalized. the five-day intensives were really seven days for me as i had to fly from the left coast to boston. the coursework had deadlines that couldn’t be put aside during inevitable crises. the second semester was the hardest, for so many reasons, not the least of which is that once i had burned off the initial adrenaline, the finish line seemed impossibly far away; meanwhile, the tedium of balancing school and work was settling in, and i was floundering in alien subjects i was struggling to learn long-distance. don’t get me wrong, the coursework was often excellent: managing in a political environment, strategic finance, human resources, and other very practical and interesting topics. but it was a bucket o’ work, and when i called a colleague with a question about chair manufacturers (as one does) and heard she was mired in her second semester, i immediately informed her this too shall pass. ah, the comprehensive exams. i would say i shall remember them always, except they destroyed so much of my frontal lobe, that will not be possible. the comps required memorizing piles of citations–authors and years, with salient points–to regurgitate during two four-hour closed-book tests.  i told myself afterwards that the comps helped me synthesize major concepts in grand theory, which is a dubious claim but at least made me feel better about the ordeal. a number of students in my program helped me with comps. my favorite memory is of colleague gary shaffer, who called me from what sounded like a windswept city corner to offer his advice. i kept hearing this crinkling sound. the crinkling became louder. “always have your cards with you,” gary said. he had brought a sound prop: the bag of index cards he used to constantly drill himself. i committed myself to continuous study until done, helped by partnering with my colleague chuck in long-distance comps prep. we didn’t study together, but we compared timelines and kept one another apprised of our progress. you can survive a doctoral program without a study buddy, but whew, is it easier if you have one. comps were an area where i started with old tech–good old paper index cards–and then asked myself, is this how it’s done these days? after research, i moved on to electronic flashcards through quizlet. when i wasn’t flipping through text cards on my phone, ipad, or computer, i was listening to the cards on my phone during my run or while driving around running errands. writing != not writing so about that dissertation. it was a humongous amount of work, but the qualifying paper that preceded it and the coursework and instruction in producing dissertation-quality research gave me the research design skills i needed to pull it off. once i had the data gathered, it was just a lot of writing. this, i can do. not everyone can. writing is two things (well, writing is many things, but we’ll stick with two for now): it is a skill, and it is a discipline. if you do not have those two things, writing will be a third thing: impossible. here is my method. it’s simple. you schedule yourself, you show up, and you write. you do not talk about how you are going to write, unless you are actually going to write. you do not tweet that you are writing (because then you are tweeting, not writing). you do not do other things and feel guilty because you are not writing. (if you do other things, embrace them fully.) i would write write write write write, at the same chair at the same desk (really, a costco folding table) facing the same wall with the same prompts secured to the wall with painter’s tape that on warm days would loosen, requiring me to crawl under my “desk” to retrieve the scattered papers, which on many days was pretty much my only form of exercise. then i would write write write write write some more, on weekends, holiday breaks, and the occasional “dissercation day,” as i referred to vacation days set aside for this purpose. dissercation days had the added value that  i was very conscious i was using vacation time to write, so i didn’t procrastinate–though in general i find procrastinating at my desk a poor use of time; if i’m going to procrastinate, let me at least get some fresh air. people will advise you when and how to write. a couple weekends ago i was rereading stephen king’s on writing–now that i can read real books again–in which king recommends writing every day. if that works for you, great. what worked for me was using weekends, holidays, or vacation days; writing early in the day, often starting as early as am; taking a short exercise break or powering through until mid-afternoon; and then stopping no later than pm, many times more like pm if i hadn’t stopped by then. when i tried to write on weekday mornings, work would distract me. not actual tasks, but the thought of work. it would creep into my brain and then i would feel the urgent need to see if the building consultant had replied to my email or if i had the agenda ready for the program and marketing meeting. it also takes me about an hour to get into a writing groove, so by the time the words were flowing it was time to get ready for work. as for evenings, a friend of mine observed that i’m a lark, not an owl. the muse flees me by mid-afternoon. (this also meant i saved the more chore-like tasks of writing for the afternoon.) the key is to find your own groove and stick to it. if your groove isn’t working, maybe it’s not your groove after all. do not take off too much time between writing sessions. i had to do that a couple of times for six to eight weeks each time, during life events such as household moves and so on, and it took some revisiting to reacquaint myself with my writing (which was stephen king’s main, and excellent, point in his recommendation to write daily). even when i was writing on a regular basis i often spent at least an hour at the start of the weekend rereading my writing from page to ensure that my most recent writing had a coherent flow of reasoning and narrative and that the writing for that day would be its logical descendant. another universal piece of advice is to turn off the technology. i see people tweeting “i’m writing my dissertation right now” and i think, no you aren’t. i used a mac app called howler timer to give me writing sieges of , , , or minutes, depending on my degree of focus for that day, during which all interruptions–email, facebook, twitter, etc.–were turned off. twitter and facebook became snack breaks, though i timed those snacks as well. i had favorite pandora stations to keep me company and drown out ambient noise, and many, many cups of herbal tea. technology will save us all a few technical notes about technology and doctoral programs. with the exception of the constant allure of social networks and work email, it’s a good thing. i used kahn academy and online flash cards to study for the math portion of the gre.  as noted earlier, i used quizlet for my comps, in part because this very inexpensive program not only allowed me to create digital flashcards but also read them aloud to me on my iphone while i exercised or ran errands. i conducted interviews using facetime with an inexpensive plug-in, call recorder, that effortlessly produced digital recordings, from which the audio files could be easily split out. i then emailed the audio files to valerie, my transcriptionist, who lives several thousand miles away but always felt as if she were in the next room, swiftly and flawlessly producing transcripts. i used dedoose, a cloud-based analytical product, to mark up the narratives, and with the justifiable paranoia of any doctoral student, exported the output to multiple secure online locations. i dimly recall life before such technology, but cannot fathom operating in such a world again, or how much longer some of the tasks would have taken.  i spent some solid coin on things like paying a transcriptionist, but when i watch friends struggling to transcribe their own recordings, i have no regrets. there are parts of my dissertation i am exceptionally proud of, but i admit particular pride for my automatically-generated table of contents, just one of many skills i learned through youtube (spoiler alert: the challenge is not marking up the text, it’s changing the styles to match your requirements. word could really use a style set called just times roman please). and of course, there were various library catalogs and databases, and hundreds of e-journals to plumb, activity i accomplished as far away from your typical “library discovery layer” as possible. you can take google scholar away from me when you pry it from my cold, dead hands. i also plowed through a lot of print books, and many times had to do backflips to get the book in that format. journal articles work great in e-format (though i do have a leaning paper pillar of printed journal articles left over from comps review and classes). books, not so much. i needed to have five to fifteen books simultaneously open during a writing session, something ebooks are lame at.  i don’t get romantic about the smell of paper blah blah blah, but when i’m writing, i need my tools in the most immediately accessible format possible, and for me that is digital for articles and paper for books. nothing succeeds like success your cohort can be very important,  and indeed i remember all of them with fondness but one with particular gratitude. nevertheless, you alone will cross the finish line. i was unnerved when one member of our cohort dropped out after the first semester, but i shouldn’t have been. doctoral student attrition happens throughout the academy, no less so in libraryland. like the military, or marriage, you really have no idea what it’s like until you’re in it, and it’s not for everyone. it should be noted that the program i graduated from has graduated, or will graduate, nearly all of the students who made it past the first two semesters, which in turn is most of the people who entered the program in its short but glorious life–another question you should investigate while looking at programs. it turned out that for a variety of reasons that made sense, the cohort i was in was the last for this particular doctoral program. that added a certain pressure since each class was the last one to ever be offered, but it also encouraged me to keep my eyes on the prize. i also, very significantly, had a very supportive committee, and most critically, i fully believed they wanted me to succeed. i also had a very supportive spouse, with whom i racked up an infinity of backlogged honey-dos and i-owe-you-for-this promises. regarding success and failure, at the beginning of the program, i asked if anyone had ever failed out of the program. the answer was no, everyone who left self-selected. i later asked the same question regarding comps: had anyone failed comps? the answer was that a student or two had retaken a section of comps in order to pass, but no one had completely failed (and you got one do-over if that happened). these were crucial questions for me. it also helped me to reflect on students who had bigger jobs, or were also raising kids, or otherwise were generally worse off than me in the distraction department. if so-and-so, with the big ivy league job, or so-and-so, with the tiny infant, could do it, couldn’t i? (there is a fallacy inherent here that more prestigious schools are harder to administer, but it is a fallacy that comforted me many a day.) onward i am asked what i will “do” with my ph.d. in higher education, a doctorate is the expected degree for administrators, and indeed, the news of my successful doctoral defense was met with comments such as “welcome to the club.” so, mission accomplished. also, i have a job i love, but having better marketability is never a bad idea, particularly in a political moment that can best be described as volatile and unpredictable. i can consult. i can teach (yes, i already could teach, but now more fancy-pants). i could make a reservation at a swanky bistro under the name dr. oatmeal and only half of that would be a fabrication. the world is my oyster! frankly, i did not enter the program with the idea that i would gain skills and develop the ability to conduct doctoral-quality research (i was really shooting for the fancy six-sided tam), but that happened and i am pondering what to do with this expertise. i already have the joy of being pedantic, if only quietly to myself. don’t tell me you are writing a “case study” unless it has the elements of a case study not to mention the components of any true research design. otherwise it’s just anecdata. and of course, when it comes to owning the area of lgtbq leadership in higher education, i am totally m.c. hammer: u can’t touch this! i would not mind being part of the solution for addressing the dubious quality of so much lis “research.” libraryland needs more programs such as the institute for research design in librarianship to address the sorry fact that basic knowledge of the fundamentals of producing industry-appropriate research is in most cases not required for a masters degree in library science, which at least for academic librarianship, given the student learning objectives we claim to support, is absurd. i also want to write a book, probably continuing the work i have been doing with documenting the working experiences of lgbtq librarians. but first i need to sort and purge my home office, revisit places such as hogwarts and narnia, and catch up on some of those honey-dos and i-owe-you-for-this promises. and buy a six-sided tam. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments ( ) 				 			 			 				a scholar’s pool of tears, part : the pre in preprint means not done yet 				tuesday, january , 				 note, for two more days, january and , you (as in all of you) have free access to my article, to be real: antecedents and consequences of sexual identity disclosure by academic library directors. then it drops behind a paywall and sits there for a year. when i wrote part of this blog post in late september, i had keen ambitions of concluding this two-part series by discussing “the intricacies of navigating the liminal world of oa that is not born oa; the oa advocacy happening in my world; and the implications of the publishing environment scholars now work in.” since then, the world, and my priorities have changed. my goals are to prevent nuclear winter and lead our library to its first significant building upgrades since it opened close to years ago. but at some point i said on twitter, in response to a conversation about posting preprints, that i would explain why i won’t post a preprint of to be real. and the answer is very simple: because what qualifies as a preprint for elsevier is a draft of the final product that presents my writing before i incorporated significant stylistic guidance from the second reviewer, and that’s not a version of the article i want people to read. in the pre-elsevier draft, as noted before, my research is present, but it is overshadowed by clumsy style decisions that reviewer presented far more politely than the following summary suggests: quotations that were too brief; rushing into the next thought without adequately closing out the previous thought; failure to loop back to link the literature review to the discussion; overlooking a chance to address the underlying meaning of this research; and a boggy conclusion. a crucial piece of advice from reviewer was to use pseudonyms or labels to make the participants more real. all of this advice led to a final product, the one i have chosen to show the world. that’s really all there is to it. it would be better for the world if my article were in an open access publication, but regardless of where it is published, i as the author choose to share what i know is my best work, not my work in progress. the oa world–all sides of it, including those arguing against oa–has some loud, confident voices with plenty of “shoulds,” such as the guy (and so many loud oa voices are male) who on a discussion list excoriated an author who was selling self-published books on amazon by saying “people who value open access should praise those scholars who do and scorn those scholars who don’t.” there’s an encouraging appproach! then there are the loud voices announcing the death of oa when a journal’s submissions drop, followed by the people who declare all repositories are potemkin villages, and let’s not forget the fellow who curates a directory of predatory oa journals that is routinely cited as an example of what’s wrong with scholarly publishing. i keep saying, the scholarly-industrial complex is broken. i’m beyond proud that the council of library deans for the california state university–my peers–voted to encourage and advocate for open access publishing in the csu system. i’m also excited that my library has its first scholarly communications librarian who is going to bat on open access and open educational resources and all other things open–a position that in consultation with the library faculty i prioritized as our first hire in a series of retirement/moving-on faculty hires. but none of that translates to sharing work i consider unfinished. we need to fix things in scholarly publishing and there is no easy, or single, path. and there are many other things happening in the world right now. i respect every author’s decision about what they will share with the world and when and how they will share it. as for my decision–you have it here. bookmark to: 				 				 					filed in uncategorized 					| 					 					| 					comments off on a scholar’s pool of tears, part : the pre in preprint means not done yet 				 			 			 				‹ older posts 				 			 		 	 		 				 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 	recto and verso 				about free range librarian 	comment guidelines 	writing: clips & samples 			 	you were saying… 	k.g. schneider on i have measured out my life in doodle polls 	thomas dowling on i have measured out my life in doodle polls 	chad on i have measured out my life in doodle polls 	dale mcneill on i have measured out my life in doodle polls 	walter underwood on an old-skool blog post 	 		recent posts 			 					(dis)association 									 	 					i have measured out my life in doodle polls 									 	 					memento dmv 									 	 					an old-skool blog post 									 	 					keeping council 									 		 	browse by month 		browse by month 		select month may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) january  ( ) november  ( ) august  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) january  ( ) november  ( ) september  ( ) june  ( ) march  ( ) january  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) january  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) june  ( ) april  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) october  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( ) may  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) july  ( ) 			 	categories categoriesselect category american liberry ass’n annual lists another library blog association nerd bad entry titles best of frl blog problems blogging blogging and ethics blogging and rss blogher blogs and journalism blogs worth reading book reviews business . california dreamin’ car shopping cats who blog cla shenanigans conferences congrunts cooking creative nonfiction cuba customer service digital divide issues digital preservation ebooks essays from the mp ethics evergreen ils family values five minute reviews flickr fun flori-duh friends frl blogroll additions frl penalty box frl spotlight reviews gardening whatnots gay rights gender and librarianship get a grip get real! god’s grammar google gormangate hire edukayshun homebrewing homosexual agenda hot tech intellectual freedom intellectual property ipukarea katrina and libraries kudos and woo-hoos lastentries leadership lgbt librarianship librarian wisdom librarianship library . library journal librewians lies damn lies life linkalicious lita councilor memes mfa-o-rama military life movable type movie reviews mpow mpow wishlist must-read blogs nasig paper next gen catalog online learning onomies open access open data open source software our world people sitings podcasts politics postalicious prayer circle product reviews reading recipes recto and verso regency zombies regular issues religion rss-alicious santa rosa living search search standards schmandards tagging talks and tours tallahassee dining tallahassee living tanstaafl test entries the big o this and that top tech trends travel schmavel treo time twitterprose two minutes hate uncategorized upcoming gigs uppity wimmin vast stupidity war no more wogrofubico women wordpress writing writing for the web ye olde tech 			 	tags ala a mile down bacabi bush castro cil cloud tests cnf creative nonfiction crowdvine david vann defragcon defragcon defrag defragcon defragcon defrag shootingonesownfoot defragcon defragcon defrag digital preservation email environment essays flaming homophobia gay gay rights glbt harvey milk homebrew hybrid iasummit iasummit idjits journals keating lockss mccain mea culpas mullets naked emperors obama ready fire aim san francisco silly tags swift tag clouds tagging vala-caval wogrofubico writing 	scribbly stuff 			log in 	entries feed 	comments feed 	wordpress.org 		 		 	 		© k.g. schneider 		¶ 		thanks, wordpress. 		¶ 		veryplaintxt theme by scott allan wallick. 		¶ 		it's nice xhtml & css. 	 hectic pace hectic pace a view on libraries, the library business, and the business of libraries 	sitting in the reading room all day (sung to the tune of “walking in a winter wonderland”) [click the youtube link to listen while you sing along.] people shhhhhh, are you listening? in the stacks, laptops glistening the reading light&# ;s bright the library&# ;s right for sitting in the reading room all day. gone away are the book stacks here to stay, the only town&# ;s fax. we share all our books without judgy looks. sitting in the reading room all day. in the lobby we could build a book tree. readers guide is green and they stack well. i&# ;ll say &# ;do we have &# ;em?&# ; you&# ;ll say, &# ;yeah man.&# ; ... 	it’s the best library time of the year (sung to the tune of “it&# ;s the most wonderful time of the year&# ;)  press play to sing along with the instrumental track! it&# ;s the best library time of the year with no more children yelling and no one is telling you &# ;get it in gear!&# ; it&# ;s the best library time of the year it&# ;s the qui-quietest season at school only smile-filled greetings and no more dull meetings where bosses are cruel it&# ;s the qui-quietest season at school there&# ;ll be books for re-stocking vendor end-of-year-hawking and overdue fine cash for beer send the word out to pre-schools drag queen visit ... 	maybe it’s books we need [i figured this was a song in desperate need of some new lyrics. sung to the tune of baby it&# ;s cold outside. you&# ;re gonna want to grab a singing partner and use the instrumental track for this one!] (listen to the track while you sing!) i really must binge (but maybe it&# ;s books we need) you mustn&# ;t infringe (it&# ;s definitely books we need) this season has been (reading will make you grin) so fun to watch (i&# ;ll hold the remote, you hold my scotch) my netflix queue scrolls forever (mystery, poems, whichever) and stranger things won&# ;t just watch itself (grab ... 	being a better ally: first, believe warning: i might make you uncomfortable. i’m uncomfortable. but it comes from an earnest place. i was recently lucky enough to participate with my oclc membership &# ; research division colleagues in deetta jones &# ; associates’ cultural competency training. this day-long session has a firm spot in the top of my professional development experiences. (not coincidentally, one of the others in that top was deetta’s management training i took part in when she was with the association of research libraries). a week later, i&# ;m still processing this incredible experience. and i&# ;m very grateful to oclc for sponsoring the workshop! ... 	fake news forever! librarians were among the first to join the call to arms and combat the onslaught of fake news that has permeated our political discussions for the last several months. frankly, it seems hard for anyone to be on the other side of this issue. but is it? not long after the effort to stop fake news in its tracks, a group of librarians began to consider the long-term implications of eradicating an entire body of content from history. thus began a concerted effort to preserve all the fake news that a vigilant group of librarians could gather up. building on ... 	how will you be remembered? my grandfather had a sizable library when he passed away, and his son (my father) would wind up with roughly half of it. i remember shelves and shelves of books of quotations. he was a criminal lawyer with a love of quotes. i either inherited this love or caught it through the osmosis of being surrounded by these books throughout my childhood. most of the books were ruined over the years by mold and silverfish and a dose of neglect. but i managed to save a few handfuls of eclectic titles. their smell still transports me to the basement of ... 	seeking certainty “uncertain times” is a phrase you hear a lot these days. it was actually in the title of the ala town hall that took place in atlanta last month (ala town hall: library advocacy and core values in uncertain times). political turmoil, uncertainty, divisiveness, and vitriol have so many of us feeling a bit unhinged. when i feel rudderless, adrift, even completely lost at sea, i tend to seek a safer port. i’ve exercised this method personally, geographically, and professionally and it has always served me well. for example, the stability and solid foundation provided by my family gives me solace ... 	no not google search box, just you (to the tune of “all i want for christmas is you”) (if you need a karaoke track, try this one) i don’t need a lot for freedom, peace, or love, democracy, and i don’t care about the congress or their failed bureaucracy i just want a li-brar-y filled with places just for me a librarian or two no not google search box, just you i don’t want a lot of features search results are too grotesque i don’t care about the systems back behind your reference desk i don’t need to download e-books on the de-vice of my choice noisy ... 	we are ala i’ve been thinking a lot about governance lately. that said, i will avoid the topic of the recent u.s. election as much as possible, even though it is a factor in what makes me think about governance. instead, i will focus on library governance and what makes it work and not work. spoiler alert: active participation. i am an admitted governance junky, an unapologetic lover of robert’s rules of order, and someone who tries to finds beauty in bureaucratic process. i blame my heritage. i come from a long line of federal government employees, all of us born in the ... 	so you want to be a product manager, part : it takes a village this post is a personal reflection on the excellent post written rohini vibha and introduced earlier on hectic pace. . it’s not about being a star — it’s about managing a universe. part of this post might have left you with the impression that failure to launch rests squarely on your shoulders. even though vibha reminds us in her own story about quickbooks that &# ;the launch&# ; was her responsibility, she was also relieved to realize that its success or failure was not % her responsibility. a good product manager gets the right people in the room. a great product manager listens to the ... 	 jodischneider.com/blog 	 reading, technology, stray thoughts 	 	blog 	about categories 	 	argumentative discussions 	books and reading 	computer science 	firefox 	future of publishing 	higher education 	information ecosystem 	information quality lab news 	intellectual freedom 	ios: ipad, iphone, etc. 	library and information science 	math 	old newspapers 	phd diary 	programming 	random thoughts 	reviews 	scholarly communication 	semantic web 	social semantic web 	social web 	uncategorized search paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring december rd, by jodi jodi schneider’s information quality lab (http://infoqualitylab.org) seeks a graduate hourly student for a research project on bias in citation networks. biased citation benefits authors in the short-term by bolstering grants and papers, making them more easily accepted. however, it can have severe negative consequences for scientific inquiry. our goal is to find quantitative measures of network structure that can indicate the existence of citation bias.  this job starts january , . pay depending on experience (master’s students start at $ /hour). optionally, the student can also take a graduate independent study course (generally - credits is or info ). apply on handshake responsibilities will include: 	assist in the development of algorithms to simulate an unbiased network 	carry out statistical significance tests for candidate network structure measures 	attend weekly meetings 	assist with manuscript and grant preparation required skills 	proficiency in python or r 	demonstrated ability to systematically approach a simulation or modeling problem 	statistical knowledge, such as developed in a course on mathematical statistics and probability (e.g. stat statistics and probability i https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) preferred skills 	 knowledge of stochastic processes 	experience with simulation 	knowledge of random variate generation and selection of input probability distribution 	knowledge of network analysis 	may have taken classes such as stat stochastic processes (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) or ie advanced topics in stochastic processes & applications (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /fall/ie/ ) more information: https://ischool.illinois.edu/people/jodi-schneider http://infoqualitylab.org application deadline: monday december th. apply on handshake with the following application materials: 	resume 	transcript – such as free university of illinois academic history from banner self-service (https://apps.uillinois.edu, click “registration & records”, “student records and transcripts”, “view academic history”, choose “web academic history”) 	cover letter: just provide short answers to the following two questions: ) why are you interested in this particular project? ) what past experience do you have that is related to this project?  tags: citation bias, jobs, network analysis, statistical modeling posted in information quality lab news | comments ( ) avoiding long-haul air travel during the covid- pandemic october th, by jodi i would not recommend long-haul air travel at this time. an epidemiological study of a . hour flight from the middle east to ireland concluded that groups ( people), traveling from continents in four groups, who used separate airport lounges, were likely infected in flight. the flight had % occupancy ( passengers/ seats; crew) and took place in summer . (note: i am not an epidemiologist.) the study (published open access): murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . irish news sites including rte and the irish times also covered the paper. figure from “a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer ” https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . caption in original “passenger seating diagram on flight, ireland, summer (n= passengers)” “numbers on the seats indicate the flight groups – .” the age of the flight cases ranged from to years with a median age of years. twelve of flight cases and almost three quarters ( / ) of the non-flight cases were symptomatic. after the flight, the earliest onset of symptoms occurred days after arrival, and the latest case in the entire outbreak occurred days after the flight. of symptomatic flight cases, symptoms reported included cough (n = ), coryza (n = ), fever (n = ) and sore throat (n = ), and six reported loss of taste or smell. no symptoms were reported for one flight case. a mask was worn during the flight by nine flight cases, not worn by one (a child), and unknown for three. murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . (notes to figure caption) “it is interesting that four of the flight cases were not seated next to any other positive case, had no contact in the transit lounge, wore face masks in-flight and would not be deemed close contacts under current guidance from the european centre for disease prevention and control (ecdc) [ ].” murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . “the source case is not known. the first two cases in group became symptomatic within h of the flight, and covid- was confirmed in three, including an asymptomatic case from this group in region a within days of the flight. thirteen secondary cases and one tertiary case were later linked to these cases. two cases from flight group were notified separately in region a with one subsequent secondary family case, followed by three further flight cases notified from region b in two separate family units (flight groups and ). these eight cases had commenced their journey from the same continent and had some social contact before the flight. the close family member of a group case seated next to the case had tested positive abroad weeks before, and negative after the flight. flight group was a household group of which three cases were notified in region c and one case in region d. these cases had no social or airport lounge link with groups or pre-flight and were not seated within two rows of them. their journey origin was from a different continent. a further case (flight group ) had started the journey from a third continent, had no social or lounge association with other cases and was eated in the same row as passengers from group . three household contacts and a visitor of flight group became confirmed cases. one affected contact travelled to region e, staying in shared accommodation with others; of these became cases (attack rate %) notified in regions a, b, c, d, e and f, with two cases of quaternary spread.” murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . “in-flight transmission is a plausible exposure for cases in group and group given seating arrangements and onset dates. one case could hypothetically have acquired the virus as a close household contact of a previous positive case, with confirmed case onset date less than two incubation periods before the flight, and symptom onset in the flight case was h after the flight. in-flight transmission was the only common exposure for four other cases (flight groups and ) with date of onset within four days of the flight in all but the possible tertiary case. this case from group developed symptoms nine days after the flight and so may have acquired the infection in-flight or possibly after the flight through transmission within the household.” murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . “genomic sequencing for cases travelling from three different continents strongly supports the epidemiological transmission hypothesis of a point source for this outbreak. the ability of genomics to resolve transmission events may increase as the virus evolves and accumulates greater diversity [ ].” murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . authors note that a large percentage of the flight passengers were infected: “we calculated high attack rates, ranging plausibly from . % to . % despite low flight occupancy and lack of passenger proximity on-board.” murphy nicola, boland máirín, bambury niamh, fitzgerald margaret, comerford liz, dever niamh, o’sullivan margaret b, petty-saphon naomi, kiernan regina, jensen mette, o’connor lois. a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer . euro surveill. ; ( ):pii= . https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . among the reasons for the uncertainty of this range is that “ flight passengers could not be contacted and were consequently not tested.” (a twelfth passenger “declined testing”.) there is also some inherent uncertainty due to incubation period and possibility of “transmission within the household”, especially after the flight; authors note that “exposure possibilities for flight cases include in-flight, during overnight transfer/pre-flight or unknown acquisition before the flight.” beyond the people on the flight, cases spread to several social groups, across “six of the eight different health regions (regions a–h) throughout the republic of ireland”. flight groups and started their travel from one continent; flight group from another; flight group from a third continent. figure from “a large national outbreak of covid- linked to air travel, ireland, summer ” https://doi.org/ . / - .es. . . . caption in original: “diagram of chains of transmission, flight-related covid- cases, ireland, summer (n= )” tags: air travel, attack rate, covid- , covid , epidemiology, flights, flying, ireland, middle east, pandemic posted in random thoughts | comments ( ) paid undergraduate research position at uiuc for fall & spring august th, by jodi university of illinois undergraduates are encouraged to apply for a position in my lab. i particularly welcome applications from students in the new ischool bs/is degree or in the university-wide informatics minor. while i only have paid position open, i also supervise unpaid independent study projects. dr. jodi schneider and the information quality lab <https://infoqualitylab.org> seek undergraduate research assistants for % remote work. past students have published research articles, presented posters, earned independent study credit, james scholar research credit, etc. one paid position in news analytics/data science for assessing the impact of media polarization on public health emergencies, funded by the cline center for advanced research in the social sciences. ( hrs/week at $ . /hour + possible independent study – % remote work). covid- news analytics: we seek to understand how public health emergencies are reported and to assess the polarization and politicization of the u.s. news coverage. you will be responsible for testing and improving search parameters, investigating contextual information such as media bias and media circulation, using text mining and data science, and close reading of sample texts. you will work closely with a student who has worked on the opioid crisis – see the past work following poster (try the link twice – you have to log in with an illinois netid): https://compass g.illinois.edu/webapps/discussionboard/do/message?action=list_messages&course_id=_ _ &nav=discussion_board&conf_id=_ _ &forum_id=_ _ &message_id=_ _ applications should be submitted here: https://forms.illinois.edu/sec/ deadline: pm central time sunday august , tags: covid , data science, health controversies, jobs, media polarization, news analytics, research experiences for undergraduates, undergraduate research posted in information quality lab news | comments ( ) #shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia june th, by jodi i greatly appreciated receiving messages from senior people about their participation in the june th #shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia. in that spirit, i am sharing my email bounce message for tomorrow, and the message i sent to my research lab. email bounce: i am not available by email today:  this june th is a day of action about understanding and addressing racism, and its impact on the academy, and on stem.  -jodi email to my research lab wednesday is a day of action about understanding and addressing racism, and its impact on the academy, and on stem. i strongly encourage you to use tomorrow for this purpose. specifically, i invite you to think about what undoing racism – moving towards antiracism – means, and what you can do. one single day, by itself, will not cure racism; but identifying what we can do on an ongoing basis, and taking those actions day after day – that can and will have an impact. and, if racism is vivid in your daily life, make #shutdownstem a day of rest. if tomorrow doesn’t suit, i encourage you to reserve a day over the course of the next week, to replace your everyday duties. what does taking this time actually mean? it means scheduling a dedicated block of time to learn more; rescheduling meetings; shutting down your email; reading books and articles and watching videos; and taking time to reflect on recent events and the stress that they cause every single person in our community. what am i doing personally? i’ve cancelled meetings tomorrow, and set an email bounce. i will spend part of the day to think more seriously about what real antiracist action looks like from my position, as a white female academic. this week i will also be using time to re-read white fragility, to finish dreamland burning (a ya novel about the tulsa race riot), and to investigate how to bring bystander training to the ischool. i will also be thinking about the relationship of racism to other forms of oppression – classism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, xenophobia. if you are looking for readings of your own, i can point to a list curated by an anti-racism task force: https://idea.illinois.edu/education for basic information, #shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia website: https://www.shutdownstem.com physicists’ particles for justice: https://www.particlesforjustice.org -jodi tags: #shutdownacademia, #shutdownstem, #strike blacklives, email posted in random thoughts | comments ( ) qotd: storytelling in protest and politics march th, by jodi i recently read francesca polletta‘s book it was like a fever: storytelling in protest and politics ( , university of chicago press). i recommend it! it will appeal to researchers interested in topics such as narrative, strategic communication, (narrative) argumentation, or epistemology (here, of narrative). parts may also interest activists. the book’s case studies are drawn from the student nonviolent coordinating committee (sncc) (chapters & ); online deliberation about the / memorial (listening to the city, summer ) (chapter ); women’s stories in law (including, powerfully, battered women who had killed their abusers, and the challenges in making their stories understandable) (chapter ); references to martin luther king by african american congressmen (in the congressional record) and by “leading back political figures who were not serving as elected or appointed officials” (chapter ). several are extended from work polletta previously published from through (see page xiii for citations). the conclusion—”conclusion: folk wisdom and scholarly tales” (pages - )—takes up several topics, starting with canonicity, interpretability, ambivalence. i especially plan to go back to the last two sections: “scholars telling stories” (pages - )—about narrative and storytelling in analysts’ telling of events—and “towards a sociology of discursive forms” (pages - )—about investigating the beliefs and conventions of narrative and its institutional conventions (and relating those to conventions of other “discursive forms” such as interviews). these set forward a research agenda likely useful to other scholars interested in digging in further. these are foreshadowed a bit in the introduction (“why stories matter”) which, among other things, sets out the goal of developing “a sociology of storytelling”. a few quotes i noted—may give you the flavor of the book: page : “but telling stories also carries risks. people with unfamiliar experiences have found those experiences assimilated to canonical plot lines and misheard as a result. conventional expectations about how stories work, when they are true, and when they are appropriate have also operated to diminish the impact of otherwise potent political stories. for the abused women whom juries disbelieved because their stories had changed in small details since their first traumatized [p ] call to police, storytelling has not been especially effective. nor was it effective for the citizen forum participants who did not say what it was like to search fruitlessly for affordable housing because discussions of housing were seen as the wrong place in which to tell stories.” pages - : “so which is it? is narrative fundamentally subversive or hegemonic? both. as a rhetorical form, narrative is equipped to puncture reigning verities and to uphold them. at times, it seems as if most of the stories in circulation are subtly or not so subtly defying authorities; at others as if the most effective storytelling is done by authorities. to make it more complicated, sometimes authorities unintentionally undercut their own authority when they tell stories. and even more paradoxically, undercutting their authority by way of a titillating but politically inconsequential story may actually strengthen it. dissenters, for their part, may find their stories misread in ways that support the very institutions that are challenging….”for those interested in the relations between storytelling, protest, and politics, this all suggests two analytical tasks. one is to identify the features of narrative that allow it to [p ] achieve certain rhetorical effects. the other is to identify the social conditions in which those rhetorical effects are likely to be politically consequential. the surprise is that scholars of political processes have devoted so little attention to either task.” pages - – “so institutional conventions of storytelling influence what people can do strategically with stories. in the previously pages, i have described the narrative conventions that operate in legal adjudication, media reporting, television talk shows, congressional debate, and public deliberation. sociolinguists have documented such conventions in other settings: in medical intake interviews, for example, parole hearings, and jury deliberations. one could certainly generate a catalogue of the institutional conventions of storytelling. to some extent, those conventions reflect the peculiarities of the institution as it has developed historically. they also serve practical functions; some explicit, others less so. i have argued that the lines institutions draw between suitable and unsuitable occasions for storytelling or for certain kinds of stories serve to legitimate the institution.” [specific examples follow] ….”as these examples suggest, while institutions have different conventions of storytelling, storytelling does some of the same work in many institutions. it does so because of broadly shared assumptions about narrative’s epistemological status. stories are generally thought to be more affecting by less authoritative than analysis, in part because narrative is associated with women rather than men, the private sphere rather than the public one, and custom rather than law. of course, conventions of storytelling and the symbolic associations behind them are neither unitary nor fixed. nor are they likely to be uniformly advantageous for those in power and disadvantageous for those without it. narrative’s alignment [ ] along the oppositions i noted is complex. for example, as i showed in chapter , americans’ skepticism of expert authority gives those telling stories clout. in other words, we may contrast science with folklore (with science seen as much more credible), but we may also contrast it with common sense (with science seen as less credible). contrary to the lamentation of some media critics and activists, when disadvantaged groups have told personal stories to the press and on television talk shows, they have been able to draw attention not only to their own victimization but to the social forces responsible for it.“ tags: congressional record, francesca polletta, listening to the city, martin luther king, narrative, qotd, sncc, storytelling, strategic communication, student nonviolent coordinating committee posted in argumentative discussions, books and reading | comments ( ) knowledge graphs: an aggregation of definitions march rd, by jodi i am not aware of a consensus definition of knowledge graph. i’ve been discussing this for awhile with liliana giusti serra, and the topic came up again with my fellow organizers of the knowledge graph session at us ts as we prepare for a panel. i’ve proposed the following main features: 	rdf-compatible, has a defined schema (usually an owl ontology) 	items are linked internally 	may be a private enterprise dataset (e.g. not necessarily openly available for external linking) or publicly available 	covers one or more domains below are some quotes. i’d be curious to hear of other definitions, especially if you think there’s a consensus definition i’m just not aware of. “a knowledge graph consists of a set of interconnected typed entities and their attributes.” jose manuel gomez-perez, jeff z. pan, guido vetere and honghan wu. “enterprise knowledge graph: an introduction.”  in exploiting linked data and knowledge graphs in large organisations. springer. part of the whole book: http://link.springer.com/ . / - - - - “a knowledge graph is a structured dataset that is compatible with the rdf data model and has an (owl) ontology as its schema. a knowledge graph is not necessarily linked to external knowledge graphs; however, entities in the knowledge graph usually have type information, defined in its ontology, which is useful for providing contextual information about such entities. knowledge graphs are expected to be reliable, of high quality, of high accessibility and providing end user oriented information services.” boris villazon-terrazas, nuria garcia-santa, yuan ren, alessandro faraotti, honghan wu, yuting zhao, guido vetere and jeff z. pan .  “knowledge graphs: foundations”. in exploiting linked data and knowledge graphs in large organisations.  springer. part of the whole book: http://link.springer.com/ . / - - - - “the term knowledge graph was coined by google in , referring to their use of semantic knowledge in web search (“things, not strings”), and is recently also used to refer to semantic web knowledge bases such as dbpedia or yago. from a broader perspective, any graph-based representation of some knowledge could be considered a knowledge graph (this would include any kind of rdf dataset, as well as description logic ontologies). however, there is no common definition about what a knowledge graph is and what it is not. instead of attempting a formal definition of what a knowledge graph is, we restrict ourselves to a minimum set of characteristics of knowledge graphs, which we use to tell knowledge graphs from other collections of knowledge which we would not consider as knowledge graphs. a knowledge graph 	 mainly describes real world entities and their interrelations, organized in a graph. 	 defines possible classes and relations of entities in a schema. 	 allows for potentially interrelating arbitrary entities with each other. 	 covers various topical domains.” paulheim, h. ( ). knowledge graph refinement: a survey of approaches and evaluation methods. semantic web,  ( ), - . http://www.semantic-web-journal.net/system/files/swj .pdf “isi’s center on knowledge graphs research group combines artificial intelligence, the semantic web, and database integration techniques to solve complex information integration problems. we leverage general research techniques across information-intensive disciplines, including medical informatics, geospatial data integration and the social web.” http://usc-isi-i .github.io/home/ just as i was “finalizing” my list to send to colleagues, i found a poster all about definitions: ehrlinger, l., & wöß, w. ( ). towards a definition of knowledge graphs. semantics (posters, demos, success),  . http://ceur-ws.org/vol- /paper .pdf its table : selected definitions of knowledge graph has the following definitions (for citations see that paper) “a knowledge graph (i) mainly describes real world entities and their interrelations, organized in a graph, (ii) defines possible classes and relations of entities in a schema, (iii) allows for potentially interrelating arbitrary entities with each other and (iv) covers various topical domains.” paulheim [ ] “knowledge graphs are large networks of entities, their semantic types, properties, and relationships between entities.” journal of web semantics [ ] “knowledge graphs could be envisaged as a network of all kind things which are relevant to a specific domain or to an organization. they are not limited to abstract concepts and relations but can also contain instances of things like documents and datasets.” semantic web company [ ] “we define a knowledge graph as an rdf graph. an rdf graph consists of a set of rdf triples where each rdf triple (s, p, o) is an ordered set of the following rdf terms: a subjects∈u∪b,apredicatep∈u,andanobjectu∪b∪l. anrdftermiseithera uri u ∈ u, a blank node b ∈ b, or a literal l ∈ l.” färber et al. [ ] “[…] systems exist, […], which use a variety of techniques to extract new knowledge, in the form of facts, from the web. these facts are interrelated, and hence, recently this extracted knowledge has been referred to as a knowledge graph.” pujara et al. [ ] “a knowledge graph is a graph that models semantic knowledge, where each node is a real-world concept, and each edge represents a relationship between two concepts” fang, y., kuan, k., lin, j., tan, c., & chandrasekhar, v. ( ). object detection meets knowledge graphs. https://oar.a-star.edu.sg/jspui/handle/ / “things not strings” – google https://googleblog.blogspot.com/ / /introducing-knowledge-graph-things-not.html tags: knowledge graph, knowledge representation, quotations posted in information ecosystem, semantic web | comments ( ) qotd: doing more requires thinking less december st, by jodi by the aid of symbolism, we can make transitions in reasoning almost mechanically by the eye which would otherwise call into play the higher faculties of the brain. …civilization advances by extending the number of important operations that we can perform without thinking about them. operations of thought are like cavalry charges in a battle — they are strictly limited in number, they require fresh horses, and must only be made at decisive moments. one very important property for symbolism to possess is that it should be concise, so as to be visible at one glance of the eye and be rapidly written. – whitehead, a.n. ( ). an introduction to mathematics, chapter , “the symbolism of mathematics” (page in this version) ht to santiago nuñez-corrales (illinois page for santiago nuñez-corrales, linkedin for santiago núñez-corrales) who used part of this quote in a conceptual foundations group talk, nov . from my point of view, this is why memorizing multiplication tables is not now irrelevant; why new words for concepts are important; and underlies a lot of scientific advancement. tags: cavalry, modes of thought, qotd, symbolism posted in information ecosystem, random thoughts | comments ( ) qotd: sally jackson on how disagreement makes arguments more explicit june th, by jodi sally jackson explicates the notion of the “disagreement space” in a new topoi article: “a position that remains in doubt remains in need of defense”   “the most important theoretical consequence of seeing argumentation as a system for management of disagreement is a reversal of perspective on what arguments accomplish. are arguments the means by which conclusions are built up from established premises? or are they the means by which participants drill down from disagreements to locate how it is that they and others have arrived at incompatible positions? a view of argumentation as a process of drilling down from disagreements suggests that arguers themselves do not simply point to the reasons they hold for a particular standpoint, but sometimes discover where their own beliefs come from, under questioning by others who do not share their beliefs. a logical analysis of another’s argument nearly always involves first making the argument more explicit, attributing more to the author than was actually said. this is a familiar enough problem for analysts; my point is that it is also a pervasive problem for participants, who may feel intuitively that something is seriously wrong in what someone else has said but need a way to pinpoint exactly what. getting beliefs externalized is not a precondition for argument, but one of its possible outcomes.” from sally jackson’s reason-giving and the natural normativity of argumentation. the original treatment of disagreement space is cited to a book chapter revising an issa paper , somewhat harder to get one’s hands on. 	p , sally jackson. reason-giving and the natural normativity of argumentation. topoi. online first. http://doi.org/ . /s - - - [↩] 	p , sally jackson. reason-giving and the natural normativity of argumentation. topoi. online first. http://doi.org/ . /s - - - [↩] 	sally jackson. reason-giving and the natural normativity of argumentation. topoi. online first. http://doi.org/ . /s - - - [↩] 	jackson s ( ) “virtual standpoints” and the pragmatics of conversational argument. in: van eemeren fh, grootendorst r, blair ja, willard ca (eds) argument illuminated. international centre for the study of argumentation, amsterdam, pp. – [↩] tags: argumentation, argumentation norms, disagreement space posted in argumentative discussions | comments ( ) qotd: working out scientific insights on paper, lavoisier case study july th, by jodi …language does do much of our thinking for us, even in the sciences, and rather than being an unfortunate contamination, its influence has been productive historically, helping individual thinkers generate concepts and theories that can then be put to the test. the case made here for the constitutive power of figures [of speech] per se supports the general point made by f.l. holmes in a lecture addressed to the history of science society in . a distinguished historian of medicine and chemistry, holmes based his study of antoine lavoisier on the french chemist’s laboratory notebooks. he later examined drafts of lavoisier’s published papers and discovered that lavoisier wrote many versions of his papers and in the course of careful revisions gradually worked out the positions he eventually made public (holmes, ). holmes, whose goal as a historian is to reconstruct the careful pathways and fine structure of scientific insights, concluded from his study of lavoisier’s drafts we cannot always tell whether a thought that led him to modify a passage, recast an argument, or develop an alternative interpretation occurred while he was still engaged in writing what he subsequently altered, or immediately afterward, or after some interval during which he occupied himself with something else; but the timing is, i believe, less significant than the fact that the new developments were consequences of the effort to express ideas and marshall supporting information on paper ( ). – page xi of rhetorical figures in science by jeanne fahnestock, oxford university press, . she is quoting frederich l. holmes. . scientific writing and scientific discovery. isis : - . doi: . / as moore summarizes, lavoisier wrote at least six drafts of the paper over a period of at least six months. however, his theory of respiration did not appear until the fifth draft. clearly, lavoisier’s writing helped him refine and understand his ideas. moore, randy. language—a force that shapes science. journal of college science teaching . ( ): . http://www.jstor.org/stable/ (which i quoted in a review i wrote recently) fahnestock adds: “…holmes’s general point [is that] there are subtle interactions ‘between writing, thought, and operations in creative scientific activity’ ( ).” tags: lavoisier, revision, rhetoric of science, scientific communication, scientific writing posted in future of publishing, information ecosystem, scholarly communication | comments ( ) david liebovitz: achieving care transformation by infusing electronic health records with wisdom may st, by jodi today i am at the health data analytics summit. the title of the keynote talk is achieving care transformation by infusing electronic health records with wisdom. it’s a delight to hear from a medical informaticist: david m. liebovitz (publications in google scholar), md, facp, chief medical information officer, the university of chicago. he graduated from university of illinois in electrical engineering, making this a timely talk as the engineering-focused carle illinois college of medicine gets going. david liebovitz started with a discussion of the data problems — problem lists, medication lists, family history, rules, results, notes — which will be familiar to anyone using ehrs or working with ehr data. he draws attention also to the human problems — both in terms of provider “readiness” (e.g. their vision for population-level health) as well as about “current expectations”. (an example of such an expectation is a “main clinician satisfier” he closed with: u chicago is about to turn on outbound faxing from the ehr!) he mentioned also the importance of resilience. he mentioned customizing systems as a risk when the vendor makes upstream changes (this is not unique to healthcare but a threat to innovation and experimentation with information systems in other industries.) still, in managing the ehr, there is continual optimization, scored based on a number of factors. he mentioned: 	safety 	quality/patient experience 	regulatory/legal 	financial 	usability/productivity 	availability of alternative solutions as well as weighting for old requests. he emphasized the complexity of healthcare in several ways: 	“nobody knew that healthcare could be so complicated.” – potus 	showing the medicare readmissions adjustment factors 	pharmacy pricing, an image (showing kickbacks among other things) from “prices that are too high”, chapter , the healthcare imperative: lowering costs and improving outcomes: workshop series summary ( )  national academies press doi: . / an image from “prices that are too high”, chapter , the healthcare imperative: lowering costs and improving outcomes: workshop series summary ( ) 	icosystem’s diagram of the complexity of the healthcare system icosystem – complexity of the healthcare system 	another complexity is the modest impact of medical care compared to other factors 	such as the impact of socioeconomic and political context on equity in health and well-being (see the who image below). 	for instance, there is a large impact of health behaviors, which “happen in larger social contexts.” (see the relative contribution of multiple determinants to health, august , , health policy briefs) solar o, irwin a. a conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health. social determinants of health discussion paper (policy and practice). given this complexity, david liebovitz stresses that we need to start with the right model, “simultaneously improving population health, improving the patient experience of care, and reducing per capita cost”. (see stiefel m, nolan k. a guide to measuring the triple aim: population health, experience of care, and per capita cost. ihi innovation series white paper. cambridge, massachusetts: institute for healthcare improvement; ). table from stiefel m, nolan k. a guide to measuring the triple aim: population health, experience of care, and per capita cost. ihi innovation series white paper. cambridge, massachusetts: institute for healthcare improvement; . given the modest impact of medical care, and of data, he suggests that we should choose the right outcomes. david liebovitz says that “not enough attention has been paid to usability”; i completely agree and suggest that information scientists, human factors engineeers, and cognitive ergonomists help mainstream medical informaticists fill this gap. he put up jakob nielsen’s  usability heuristics for user interface design a vivid example is whether a patient’s resuscitation preferences are shown (which seems to depend on the particular ehr screen): the system doesn’t highlight where we are in the system. for providers, he says user control and freedom are very important. he suggests that there are only a few key tasks. a provider should be able to do any of these things wherever they are in the chart: 	put a note 	order something 	send a message similarly, ehr should support recognition (“how do i admit a patient again?”) rather than requiring recall. meanwhile, on the decision support side he highlights the (well-known) problems around interruptions by saying that speed is everything and changing direction is much easier than stopping. here he draws on some of his own work, describing what he calls a “diagnostic process aware workflow” david liebovitz. next steps for electronic health records to improve the diagnostic process. diagnosis ( ) - . doi: . /dx- - can we predict x better? yes, he says (for instance pointing to table of “can machine-learning improve cardiovascular risk prediction using routine clinical data?” and its machine learning analysis of over , patients, based on variables chosen from previous guidelines and expert-informed selection–generating further support for aspects such as aloneness, access to resources, socio-economic status). but what’s really needed, he says, is to: 	predict the best next medical step, iteratively 	predict the best next lifestyle step, iteratively 	(and what to do about genes and epigenetic measures?) he shows an image of “all of our planes in the air” from flightaware, drawing the analogy that we want to work on “optimal patient trajectories” — predicting what are the “turbulent events” to avoid”. this is not without challenges. he points to three: 	data privacy (he suggests google deepmind and healthcare in an age of algorithms. powles, j. & hodson, h. health technol. ( ). doi: . /s - - - 	two sorts of mismatches between the current situation and where we want to go: 	for instance the source of data being from finance 	certain basic current clinician needs  (e.g. that a main clinician satisfier is that uchicago is soon to turn on outbound faxing from their ehr — and that an ongoing source of dissatisfaction: managing volume of inbound faxes.) he closes suggesting that we: 	finish the basics 	address key slices of the spectrum 	descriptive/prescriptive 	begin the prescriptive journey: impact one trajectory at a time. tags: data analytics, electronic health records, healthcare systems, medical informatics posted in information ecosystem | comments ( ) « older entries 	 	 	 	 	 recent posts 	 	paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	avoiding long-haul air travel during the covid- pandemic 	paid undergraduate research position at uiuc for fall & spring 	#shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia 	qotd: storytelling in protest and politics 	 	 monthly 	 	december 	october 	august 	june 	march 	 	 meta 	 	log in 	valid xhtml 	xfn 	wordpress wordpress powers jodischneider.com/blog. layers theme designed by jai pandya. rapid communications skip to main | skip to sidebar rapid communications rapid, but irregular, communications from the frontiers of library technology wednesday, april , mac os vs emacs: getting on the right (exec) path one of the minor annoyances about using emacs on mac os is that the path environment variable isn't set properly when you launch emacs from the gui (that is, the way we always do it). this is because the mac os gui doesn't really care about the shell as a way to launch things, but if you are using brew, or other packages that install command line tools, you do. apple has changed the way that the path is set over the years, and the old environment.plist method doesn't actually work anymore, for security reasons. for the past few releases, the official way to properly set up the path is to use the path_helper utility program. but again, that only really works if your shell profile or rc file is run before you launch emacs. so, we need to put a bit of code into emacs' site_start.el file to get things set up for us: (when (file-executable-p "/usr/libexec/path_helper") (let ((path (shell-command-to-string "eval `/usr/libexec/path_helper -s`; echo -n \"$path\""))) (setenv "path" path) (setq exec-path (append (parse-colon-path path) (list exec-directory))))) this code runs the path_helper utility, saves the output into a string, and then uses the string to set both the path environment variable and the emacs exec-path lisp variable, which emacs uses to run subprocesses when it doesn't need to launch a shell. if you are using the brew version of emacs, put this code in /usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp/site-start.el and restart emacs. posted by david j. fiander at : am no comments: tuesday, january , finding isbns in the the digits of π for some reason, a blog post from about searching for isbns in the first fifty million digits of π suddenly became popular on the net again at the end of last week (mid-january ). the only problem is that geoff, the author, only looks for isbn- s, which all start with the sequence " ". there aren't many occurrences of " " in even the first fifty million digits of π, so it's not hard to check them all to see if they are the beginning of a potential isbn, and then find out if that potential isbn was ever assigned to a book. but he completely ignores all of the isbn- s that might be hidden in π. so, since i already have code to validate isbn checksums and to look up isbns in oclc worldcat, i decided to check for isbn- s myself. i don't have easy access to the first fifty million digits of π, but i did manage to find the first million digits online without too much difficulty. an isbn- is a ten character long string that uniquely identifies a book. an example is " - - - ". the dashes are optional and exist mostly to make it easier for humans, just like the dashes in a phone number. the first character of an isbn- indicate the language in which the book is published: and are for english, is for french, and so on. the last character of the isbn is a "check digit", which is supposed to help systems figure out if the isbn is correct or not. it will catch many common types of errors, like swapping two characters in the isbn: " - - - " is invalid. here are the first one hundred digits of π: . to search for "potential (english) isbn- s", all one needs to do is search for every or in the first , digits of π (there is a " " three digits from the end, but then there aren't enough digits left over to find a full isbn, so we can stop early) and check to see if the ten digit sequence of characters starting with that or has a valid check digit at the end. the sequence " ", highlighted in red, fails the test, because " " is not the correct check digit; but the sequence " " highlighted in green is a potential isbn. there are approximately , zeros and ones in the first million digits of π, but "only" , of them appear at the beginning of a potential isbn- . checking those , potentials against the worldcat bibliographic database results in , valid isbns. the first one is at position , : isbn , for the book the evolution of weapons and warfare by trevor n. dupuy. the last one is at position , : isbn for the book exploring language assessment and testing : language in action by anthony green. here's the full dataset. posted by david j. fiander at : pm comments: saturday, march , software upgrades and the parable of the windows a librarian friend of mine recently expressed some surprise at the fact that a library system would spend almost $ , to upgrade their ils software, when the vendor is known to be hostile to its customers and not actually very good with new development on their products. the short answer is that it's easier to upgrade than to think. especially when an "upgrade" will be seen as easier than a "migration" to a different vendor's system (note: open ils platforms like evergreen and koha may be read as being different vendors for the sake of convenience). in fact, when an ils vendor discontinues support for a product and tells its customers that they have to migrate to another product if they want to continue to purchase support, it is the rare library that will take this opportunity to re-examine all its options and decide to migrate to a different vendor's product. a simple demonstration of this thinking, on a scale that most of us can imagine, is what happened when my partner and i decided that it was time to replace the windows in our house several years ago. there are a couple of things you need to know about replacing the windows in your house, if you've never done this before: 	most normal folks replace the windows in their house over the course of several years, doing two or three windows every year or two. if one is replacing the huge bay window in the living room, then that might be the only window that one does that year. windows are expensive enough that one can't really afford to do them all at once. 	windows are fungible. for the most part, one company's windows look exactly like another company's. unless you're working hard at getting a particular colour of flashing on the outside of the window, nobody looking at your house from the sidewalk would notice that the master bedroom window and the livingroom window were made by different companies. like any responsible homeowners, we called several local window places, got quotations from three or four of them for the windows we wanted replaced that year, made our decision about which vendor we were going to use for the first round of window replacements, and placed an order. a month or so later, on a day that the weather was going to be good, a crew from the company arrived, knocked big holes in the front of our house to take out the old windows and install the new ones. a couple of years went by, and we decided it was time to do the next couple of windows, so my partner, who was always far more organized about this sort of thing that me, called three or four window companies and asked them to come out to get quotations for the work. at least one of the vendors declined, and another vendor did come out and give us a quote but he was very surprised that we were going through this process again, because normally, once a householder has gone through the process once, they tend to use the same window company for all the windows, even if several years have passed, or if the type of work is very different from the earlier work (such as replacing the living room bay window after a couple of rounds of replacing bedroom windows). in general, once a decision has been made, people tend to stick with that plan. i think it's a matter of, "well, i made this decision last year, and at the time, this company was good, so they're probably still good," combined, perhaps, with a bit of thinking that changing vendors in mid-stream implies that i didn't make a good decision earlier. and there is, of course, always the thought that it's better to stick with the devil you know that the one you don't. posted by david j. fiander at : pm comments: sunday, january , using qr codes in the library this started out as a set of internal guidelines for the staff at mpow, but some friends expressed interest in it, and it seems to have struck a nerve, so i'm posting it here, so it is easier for people to find and to link to. using qr codes in the library qr codes are new to north american, but have been around for a while in japan, where they originated, and where everybody has a cellphone that can read the codes. they make it simpler to take information from the real world and load it into your phone. as such, they should only be used when the information will be useful for somebody on the go, and shouldn't normally be used if the person accessing the information will probably be on a computer to begin with. do use qr codes: 	on posters and display projectors to guide users to mobile-friendly websites. 	to share your contact information on posters, display projectors, or your business card. this makes it simpler for users to add you to their addressbook without having to type it all in. 	in display cabinets or art exhibits to link to supplementary information about the items on display. don't use qr codes: 	to record your contact information in your email signature. somebody reading your email can easily copy the information from your signature to their addressbook. 	to share urls for rich, or full-sized, websites. the only urls you should be sharing via qr codes for are mobile-friendly sites. when using qr codes: 	make sure to include a human readable url, preferably one that's easy to remember, near the qr code for people without qr code scanners to use. posted by david j. fiander at : pm no comments: monday, april , a manifesto for the library last week john blyberg, kathryn greenhill, and cindi trainor spent some time together thinking about what the library is for and what its future might hold. the result of that deep thinking has now been published on john's blog under the title "the darien statements on the library and librarians." opening with the ringing statement that the purpose of the library is to preserve the integrity of civilization they then provide their own gloss on what this means for individual libraries, and for librarians. there is a lively discussion going on in the comments on john's blog, as well as less thoughtful sniping going on in more "annoying" blogs. i think that this is something that will engender quite a bit of conversation in the month's to come. posted by david j. fiander at : pm no comments: sunday, april , i'm a shover and maker! since only a few people can be named "movers and shakers" by library journal, joshua neff and steven lawson created the "shovers and makers" awards "for the rest of us," under the auspices of the not entirely serious library society of the world. i'm very pleased to report that i have been named a shover and maker (by myself, as are all the winners). the shovers and makers awards are a fun way to share what we've done over the past year or two and they're definitely a lot simpler than writing the annual performance review that hr wants. think of this as practice for writing the speaker's bio for the conference keynote you dream of being invited to give. posted by david j. fiander at : am no comments: sunday, january , lita tears down the walls at ala midwinter , jason griffey and the lita folks took advantage of the conference center's wireless network to provide quick and easy access to the top tech trends panel for those of us that couldn't be there in person. the low-bandwidth option was a coveritlive live-blogging feed of comments from attending that also included photos by cindi trainor, and a feed of twitters from attendees. the high-bandwidth option was a live (and recorded) video stream of the event that jason captured using the webcam built into his laptop. aside from the lita planned events, the fact that we could all sit in meant that there were lots of virtual conversations in chat rooms and other forums that sprung up as people joined in from afar. unfortunately, because my sunday morning is filled with laundry and other domestic pleasures, i wasn't able to join in on the "live" chatter going on in parallel with the video or livebloggin. owing to funding constraints and my own priorities, my participation at ala is limited. i've been to lita forum once, and might go again, but i focus more on the ola other regional events. this virtual option from lita let me get a peek at what's going on and hear what the "big thinkers" at lita have to say. i hope they can keep it up, and will definitely be talking to local folks about how we might be able to emulate lita in our own events. posted by david j. fiander at : pm no comments: older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) about me 	 david j. fiander 	i'm a former software developer who's now the web services librarian at a university. the great thing about that job title is that nobody knows what i do. view my complete profile last.fm weekly chart blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  april ( ) 	mac os vs emacs: getting on the right (exec) path 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noncommercial-share alike . canada license.   preliminary inventory of digital collections by jason ronallo preliminary inventory of digital collections by jason ronallo incomplete thoughts on digital libraries. 	upgrading from ubuntu . to . 	choosing a path forward for iiif audio and video 	testing dash and hls streams on linux 	client-side video tricks for iiif 	iiif examples # : wellcome library 	closing in on client-side iiif content search metadata matters metadata matters it's all about the services 	it’s not just me that’s getting old having just celebrated (?) another birthday at the tail end of , the topics of age and change have been even more on my mind than usual. and then two events converged. first i had a chat with ted fons in a hallway at midwinter, and he asked about using an older article i’d published [&# ;] 	denying the non-english speaking world not long ago i encountered the analysis of bibframe published by rob sanderson with contributions by a group of well-known librarians. it’s a pretty impressive document&# ;well organized and clearly referenced. but in fact there’s also a significant amount of personal opinion in it, the nature of which is somewhat masked by the references to others [&# ;] 	review of: draft principles for evaluating metadata standards metadata standards is a huge topic and evaluation a difficult task, one i’ve been involved in for quite a while. so i was pretty excited when i saw the link for &# ;draft principles for evaluating metadata standards&# ;, but after reading it? not so much. if we’re talking about “principles” in the sense of ‘stating-the-obvious-as-a-first-step’, well, [&# ;] 	the jane-athons continue! the jane-athon series is alive, well, and expanding its original vision. i wrote about the first ‘official’ jane-athon earlier this year, after the first event at midwinter . since then the excitement generated at the first one has spawned others: the ag-athon in the uk in may , sponsored by cilip the maurice dance in [&# ;] 	separating ideology, politics and utility those of you who pay attention to politics (no matter where you are) are very likely to be shaking your head over candidates, results or policy. it’s a never ending source of frustration and/or entertainment here in the u.s., and i’ve noticed that the commentators seem to be focusing in on issues of ideology and [&# ;] 	semantic versioning and vocabularies a decade ago, when the open metadata registry (omr) was just being developed as the nsdl registry, the vocabulary world was a very different place than it is today. at that point we were tightly focussed on skos (not fully cooked at that point, but jon was on the wg that was developing it, so [&# ;] 	five star vocabulary use most of us in the library and cultural heritage communities interested in metadata are well aware of tim berners-lee’s five star ratings for linked open data (in fact, some of us actually have the mug). the five star rating for lod, intended to encourage us to follow five basic rules for linked data is useful, [&# ;] 	what do we mean when we talk about ‘meaning’? over the past weekend i participated in a twitter conversation on the topic of meaning, data, transformation and packaging. the conversation is too long to repost here, but looking from july - for @metadata_maven should pick most of it up. aside from my usual frustration at the message limitations in twitter, there seemed to be [&# ;] 	fresh from ala, what’s new? in the old days, when i was on marbi as liaison for aall, i used to write a fairly detailed report, and after that wrote it up for my cornell colleagues. the gist of those reports was to describe what happened, and if there might be implications to consider from the decisions. i don’t propose [&# ;] 	what’s up with this jane-athon stuff? the rda development team started talking about developing training for the ‘new’ rda, with a focus on the vocabularies, in the fall of . we had some notion of what we didn’t want to do: we didn’t want yet another ‘sage on the stage’ event, we wanted to re-purpose the ‘hackathon’ model from a software [&# ;] metadata matters | it's all about the services 	 		pagetitle: metadata matters 		it's all about the services 		 				blog 	about 	archives 	log in 		 	 	 	schnellnavigation: jump to start of page | jump to posts | jump to navigation 	 			 		 			 				 					it’s not just me that’s getting old 				 							 			 			 				having just celebrated (?) another birthday at the tail end of , the topics of age and change have been even more on my mind than usual. and then two events converged. first i had a chat with ted fons in a hallway at midwinter, and he asked about using an older article i’d published with karen coyle way back in early (“resource description and access (rda): cataloging rules for the th century”). the second thing was a message from research gate that reported that the article in question was easily the most popular thing i’d ever published. my big worry in terms of having ted use that article was that rda had experienced several sea changes in the nine (!) years since the article was published (jan./feb. ), so i cautioned ted about using it. then i decided i needed to reread the article and see whether i had spoken too soon. the historic rationale holds up very well, but it’s important to note that at the time that article was written, the jsc (now the rsc) was foundering, reluctant to make the needed changes to cut ties to aacr . the quotes from the cc:da illustrate how deep the frustration was at that time. there was a real turning point looming for rda, and i’d like to believe that the article pushed a lot of people to be less conservative and more emboldened to look beyond the cataloger tradition. in april of , a mere few months from when this article came out, ala publishing arranged for the famous “london meeting” that changed the course of rda. gordon dunsire and i were at that meeting–in fact it was the first time we met. i didn’t even know much about him aside from his article in the same dlib issue. as it turns out, the rda article was elevated to the top spot, thus stealing some of his thunder, so he wasn’t very happy with me. the decision made in london to allow dcmi to participate by building the vocabularies was a game changer, and gordon and i were named co-chairs of a task group to manage that process. so as i re-read the article, i realized that the most important bits at the time are probably mostly of historical interest at this point. i think the most important takeaway is that rda has come a very long way since , and in some significant ways is now leading the pack in terms of its model and vocabulary management policies (more about that to come). and i still like the title! …even though it’s no longer a true description of the st century rda. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, february , , : am (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									rda, uncategorized 													 						post a comment											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					denying the non-english speaking world 				 							 			 			 				not long ago i encountered the analysis of bibframe published by rob sanderson with contributions by a group of well-known librarians. it’s a pretty impressive document–well organized and clearly referenced. but in fact there’s also a significant amount of personal opinion in it, the nature of which is somewhat masked by the references to others holding the same opinion. i have a real concern about some of those points where an assertion of ‘best practices’ are particularly arguable. the one that sticks in my craw particularly shows up in section . . : . . use natural keys in uris references: [manning], [ldbook], [gld-bp], [cooluris] although the client must treat uris as opaque strings, it is good practice to construct uris in a systematic and human readable fashion for both instances and ontology terms. a natural key is one that appears in the information about the resource, such as some unique identifier for the resource, or the label of the property for ontology terms. while the machine does not care about structure, memorability or readability of uris, the developers that write the code do. completely random uris introduce difficult to detect semantic and algorithmic errors in both publication and consumption of the data. analysis: the use of natural keys is a strength of bibframe, compared to similarly scoped efforts in similar communities such as the rda and cidoc-crm vocabularies which use completely opaque numbers such as p (hasrespondent) or e (linguistic entity). rda further misses the target in this area by going on to define multiple uris for each term with language tagged labels in the uri, such as rda:hasrespondent.en mapping to p . this is a different predicate from the numerical version, and using owl:sameas to connect the two just makes everyone’s lives more difficult unnecessarily. in general, labels for the predicates and classes should be provided in the ontology document, along with thorough and understandable descriptions in multiple languages, not in the uri structure. this sounds fine so long as you accept the idea that ‘natural’ means english, because, of course, all developers, no matter their first language, must be fluent enough in english to work with english-only standards and applications. this mis-use of ‘natural’ reminds me of other problematic usages, such as the former practice in the adoption community (of which i have been a part for years) where ‘natural’ was routinely used to refer to birth parents, thus relegating adoptive parents to the ‘un-natural’ realm. so in this case, if ‘natural’ means english, are all other languages inherently un-natural in the world of development? the library world has been dominated by the ‘anglo-american’ notions of standard practice for a very long time, and happily, rda is leading away from that, both in governance and in development of vocabularies and tools. the multilingual strategy adopted by rda is based on the following points: 	more than a decade of managing vocabularies has convinced us that opaque identifiers are extremely valuable for managing uris, because they need not be changed as labels change (only as definitions change). the kinds of ‘churn’ we saw in the original version of rda ( - ) convinced us that label-based uris were a significant problem (and cost) that became worse as the vocabularies grew over time. 	we get the argument that opaque uris are often difficult for humans to use–but the tools we’re building (the rda registry as case in point) are intended to give human developers what they want for their tasks (human readable uris, in a variety of languages) but ensure that the uris for properties and values are set up based on what machines need. in this way, changes in the lexical uris (human-readable) can be maintained properly without costly change in the canonical uris that travel with the data content itself. 	the multiple language translations (and distributed translation management by language communities) also enable humans to build discovery and display mechanisms for users that are speakers of a variety of languages. this has been a particularly important value for national libraries outside the us, but also potentially for libraries in the us meeting the needs of non-english language communities closer to home. it’s too easy for the english-first library development community to insist that uris be readable in english and to turn a blind eye to the degree that this imposes understanding of the english language and anglo-american library culture on the rest of the world. this is not automatically the intellectual gift that the distributors of that culture assume it to be. it shouldn’t be necessary for non-anglo-american catalogers to learn and understand anglo-american language and culture in order to express metadata for a non-anglo audience. this is the rough equivalent of the philadelphia cheese steak vendor who put up a sign reading “this is america. when ordering speak in english”. we understand that for english-speaking developers bibframe.org/vocab/title is initially easier to use than rdaregistry.info/elements/w/p or even (heaven forefend!) “ _ #$a” (in rdf: marc rdf.info/elements/ xx/m _a). that’s why rda provides rdaregistry.info/elements/w/titleofthework.en but also, eventually, rdaregistry.info/elements/w/拥有该作品的标题.ch and rdaregistry.info/elements/w/tienetítulodelaobra.es, et al (you do understand latin of course). these ‘unnatural’ lexical aliases will be provided by the ‘native’ language speakers of their respective national library communities. as one of the many thousands of librarians who ‘speak’ marc to one another–despite our language differences–i am loathe to give up that international language to an english-only world. that seems like a step backwards. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, january , , : pm (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									bibframe, linked data, rda, vocabularies 													 						 comment												(show inline) 											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					review of: draft principles for evaluating metadata standards 				 							 			 			 				metadata standards is a huge topic and evaluation a difficult task, one i’ve been involved in for quite a while. so i was pretty excited when i saw the link for “draft principles for evaluating metadata standards”, but after reading it? not so much. if we’re talking about “principles” in the sense of ‘stating-the-obvious-as-a-first-step’, well, okay—but i’m still not very excited. i do note that the earlier version link uses the title ‘draft checklist’, and i certainly think that’s a bit more real than ‘draft principles’ for this effort. but even taken as a draft, the text manages to use lots of terms without defining them—not a good thing in an environment where semantics is so important. let’s start with a review of the document itself, then maybe i can suggest some alternative paths forward. first off, i have a problem with the preamble: “these principles are intended for use by libraries, archives and museum (lam) communities for the development, maintenance, governance, selection, use and assessment of metadata standards. they apply to metadata structures (field lists, property definitions, etc.), but can also be used with content standards and value vocabularies”. those tasks (“development, maintenance, governance, selection, use and assessment” are pretty all encompassing, but yet the connection between those tasks and the overall “evaluation” is unclear. and, of course, without definitions, it’s difficult to understand how ‘evaluation’ relates to ‘assessment’ in this context—are they they same thing? moving on to the second part about what kind of metadata standards that might be evaluated, we have a very general term, ‘metadata structures’, with what look to be examples of such structures (field lists, property definitions, etc.). some would argue (including me) that a field list is not a structure without a notion of connections between the fields; and although property definitions may be part of a ‘structure’ (as i understand it, at least), they are not a structure, per se. and what is meant by the term ‘content standards’, and how is that different from ‘metadata structures’? the term ’value vocabularies’ goes by many names, and is not something that can go without a definition. i say this as an author/co-author of a lot of papers that use this term, and we always define it within the context of the paper for just that reason. there are many more places in the text where fuzziness in terminology is a problem (maybe not a problem for a checklist, but certainly for principles). some examples: . what is meant by ’network’? there are many different kinds, and if you mean to refer to the internet, for goodness sakes say so. ‘things’ rather than ‘strings’ is good, but it will take a while to make it happen in legacy data, which we’ll be dealing with for some time, most likely forever. prospectively created data is a bit easier, but still not a cakewalk — if the ‘network’ is the global internet, then “leveraging ‘by-reference’ models” present yet-to-be-solved problems of network latency, caching, provenance, security, persistence, and most importantly: stability. metadata models for both properties and controlled values are an essential part of lam systems and simply saying that metadata is “most efficient when connected with the broader network” doesn’t necessarily make it so. . ‘open’ can mean many things. are we talking specific kinds of licenses, or the lack of a license? what kind of re-use are you talking about? extension? wholesale adoption with namespace substitution? how does semantic mapping fit into this? (in lieu of a definition, see the paper at ( ) below) . this principle seems to imply that “metadata creation” is the sole province of human practitioners and seriously muddies the meaning of the word creation by drawing a distinction between passive system-created metadata and human-created metadata. metadata is metadata and standards apply regardless. what do you mean by ‘benefit user communities’? whose communities? please define what is meant by ‘value’ in this context? how would metadata practitioners ‘dictate the level of description provided based on the situation at hand’? . as an evaluative ‘principle’ this seems overly vague. how would you evaluate a metadata standard’s ability to ‘easily’ support ‘emerging’ research? what is meant by ‘exchange/access methods’ and what do they have to do with metadata standards for new kinds of research? . i agree totally with the sentence “metadata standards are only as valuable and current as their communities of practice,” but the one following makes little sense to me. “ … metadata in lam institutions have been very stable over the last years …” really? it could easily be argued that the reason for that perceived stability is the continual inability of implementers to “be a driving force for change” within a governance model that has at the same time been resistant to change. the existence of the dcmi usage board, marbi, the various boards advising the rda steering committee, all speak to the involvement of ‘implementers’. yet there’s an implication in this ‘principle’ that stability is liable to no longer be the case and that implementers ‘driving’ will somehow make that inevitable lack of stability palatable. i would submit that stability of the standard should be the guiding principle rather than the democracy of its governance. . “extensible, embeddable, and interoperable” sounds good, but each is more complex than this triumvirate seems. interoperability in particular is something that we should all keep in mind, but although admirable, interoperability rarely succeeds in practice because of the practical incompatibility of different models. dc, marc , bibframe, rda, and schema.org are examples of this — despite their ‘modularity’ they generally can’t simply be used as ‘modules’ because of differences in the thinking behind the model and their respective audiences. i would also argue that ‘lite style implementations’ make sense only if ‘lite’ means a dumbed-down core that can be mapped to by more detailed metadata. but stressing the ‘lite implementations’ as a specified part of an overall standard gives too much power to the creator of the standard, rather than the creator of the data. instead we should encourage the use of application profiles, so that the particular choices and usages of the creating entity are well documented, and others can use the data in full or in part according to their needs. i predict that lossy data transfer will be less acceptable in the reality than it is in the abstract, and would suggest that dumb data is more expensive over the longer term (and certainly doesn’t support ‘new research methods’ at all). “incorporation into local systems” really can only be accomplished by building local systems that adhere to their own local metadata model and are able to map that model in/out to more global models. extensible and embeddable are very different from interoperable in that context. . the last section, after the inarguable first sentence, describes what the dcmi ‘dumb-down’ principle defined nearly twenty years ago, and that strategy still makes sense in a lot of situations. but ‘graceful degradation’ and ‘supporting new and unexpected uses’ requires smart data to start with. ‘lite’ implementation choices (as in # above) preclude either of those options, imo, and ‘adding value’ of any kind (much less by using ‘ontological inferencing’) is in no way easily achievable. i intend to be present at the session in boston [ : - : boston conference and exhibition center, ab] and since i’ve asked most of my questions here i intend not to talk much. let’s see how successful i can be at that! it may well be that a document this short and generalized isn’t yet ready to be a useful tool for metadata practitioners (especially without definitions!). that doesn’t mean that the topics that it’s trying to address aren’t important, just that the comprehensive goals in the preamble are not yet being met in this document. there are efforts going on in other arenas–the niso bibliography roadmap work, for instance, that should have an important impact on many of these issues, which suggests that it might be wise for the committee to pause and take another look around. maybe a good glossary would be a important step? dunsire, gordon, et al. “a reconsideration of mapping in a semantic world”, paper presented at international conference on dublin core and metadata applications, the hague, . available at: dcpapers.dublincore.org/pubs/article/view/ / 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, december , , : pm (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									ala conferences, systems, vocabularies 													 						 comment												(show inline) 											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					the jane-athons continue! 				 							 			 			 				the jane-athon series is alive, well, and expanding its original vision. i wrote about the first ‘official’ jane-athon earlier this year, after the first event at midwinter . since then the excitement generated at the first one has spawned others: 	the ag-athon in the uk in may , sponsored by cilip 	the maurice dance in new zealand (october , at the national library of new zealand in wellington, focused on maurice gee) 	the jane-in (at ala san francisco at annual ) 	the rls-athon (november , , edinburgh, scotland), following the jsc meeting there and focused on robert louis stevenson like good librarians we have an archive of the jane-athon materials, for use by anyone who wants to look at or use the presentations or the data created at the jane-athons we’re still at it: the next jane-athon in the series will be the boston thing-athon at harvard university on january , . looking at the list of topics gives a good idea about how the jane-athons are morphing to a broader focus than that of a creator, while training folks to create data with rimmf. the first three topics (which may change–watch this space) focus not on specific creators, but on moving forward on topics identified of interest to a broader community. * strings vs things. a focus on replacing strings in metadata with uris for things. * institutional repositories, archives and scholarly communication. a focus on issues in relating and linking data in institutional repositories and archives with library catalogs. * rare materials and rda. a continuing discussion on the development of rda and dcrm begun at the jsc meeting and the international seminar on rda and rare materials held in november . for beginners new to rda and rimmf but with an interest in creating data, we offer: * digitization. a focus on how rda relates metadata for digitized resources to the metadata for original resources, and how rimmf can be used to improve the quality of marc records during digitization projects. * undergraduate editions. a focus on issues of multiple editions that have little or no change in content vs. significant changes in content, and how rda accommodates the different scenarios. further on the horizon is a recently approved jane-athon for the aall conference in july , focusing on hugo grotius (inevitably, a hugo-athon, but there’s no link yet). note: the thing-a-thon coming up at ala midwinter is being held on thursday rather than the traditional friday to open the attendance to those who have other commitments on friday. another new wrinkle is the venue–an actual library away from the conference center! whether you’re a cataloger or not-a-cataloger, there will be plenty of activities and discussions that should pique your interest. do yourself a favor and register for a fun and informative day at the thing-athon to begin your midwinter experience! instructions for registering (whether or not you plan to register for mw) can be found on the toolkit blog. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, december , , : am (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									uncategorized 													 						post a comment											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					separating ideology, politics and utility 				 							 			 			 				those of you who pay attention to politics (no matter where you are) are very likely to be shaking your head over candidates, results or policy. it’s a never ending source of frustration and/or entertainment here in the u.s., and i’ve noticed that the commentators seem to be focusing in on issues of ideology and faith, particularly where it bumps up against politics. the visit of pope francis seemed to be taking everyone’s attention while he was here, but though this event has added some ‘green’ to the discussion, it hasn’t pushed much off the political plate. politics and faith bump up against each other in the metadata world, too. what with traditionalists still thinking in marc tags and aacr , to the technical types rolling their eyes at any mention of marc and trying to push the conversation towards rda, rdf, bibframe, schema.org, etc., there are plenty of metadata politics available to flavor the discussion. the good news for us is that the conflicts and differences we confront in the metadata world are much more amenable to useful solution than the politics crowding our news feeds. i remember well the days when the choice of metadata schema was critical to projects and libraries. unfortunately, we’re all still behaving as if the proliferation of ‘new’ schemas makes the whole business more complicated–that’s because we’re still thinking we need to choose one or another, ignoring the commonality at the core of the new metadata effort. but times have changed, and we don’t all need to use the same schema to be interoperable (just like we don’t all need to speak english or esperanto to communicate). but what we do need to think about is what the needs of our organization are at all stages of the workflow: from creating, publishing, consuming, through integrating our metadata to make it useful in the various efforts in which we engage. one thing we do need to consider as we talk about creating new metadata is whether it will need to work with other data that already exists in our institution. if marc is what we have, then one requirement may be to be able to maintain the level of richness we’ve built up in the past and still move that rich data forward with us. this suggests to me that rda, which rimmf has demonstrated can be losslessly mapped to and from marc, might be the best choice for the creation of new metadata. back in the day, when dublin core was the shiny new thing, the notion of ‘dumb-down’ was hatched, and though not an elegantly named principle, it still works. it says that rich metadata can be mapped fairly easily into a less-rich schema (‘dumbed down’), but once transformed in a lossy way, it can’t easily be ‘smartened up’. but in a world of many publishers of linked data, and many consumers of that data, the notion of transforming rich metadata into any number of other schemas and letting the consumer chose what they want, is fairly straightforward, and does not require firm knowledge (or correct assumptions) of what the consumers actually need. this is a strategy well-tested with oai-pmh which established a floor of simple dublin core but encouraged the provision of any number of other formats as well, including marc. as consumers, libraries and other cultural institutions are also better served by choices. depending on the services they’re trying to support, they can choose what flavor of data meets their needs best, instead of being offered only what the provider assumes they want. this strategy leaves open the possibility of serving marc as one of the choices, allowing those institutions still nursing an aged ils to continue to participate. of course, the consumers of data need to think about how they aggregate and integrate the data they consume, how to improve that data, and how to make their data services coherent. that’s the part of the new create, publish, consume, integrate cycle that scares many librarians, but it shouldn’t–really! so, it’s not about choosing the ‘right’ metadata format, it’s about having a fuller and more expansive notion about sharing data and learning some new skills. let’s kiss the politics goodbye, and get on with it. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, october , , : am (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									linked data, rda, vocabularies 													 						 comment												(show inline) 											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					semantic versioning and vocabularies 				 							 			 			 				a decade ago, when the open metadata registry (omr) was just being developed as the nsdl registry, the vocabulary world was a very different place than it is today. at that point we were tightly focussed on skos (not fully cooked at that point, but jon was on the wg that was developing it, so we felt pretty secure diving in). but we were thinking about versioning in the open world of rdf even then. the nsdl registry kept careful track of all changes to a vocabulary (who, what, when) and the only way to get data in was through the user interface. we ran an early experiment in making versions based on dynamic, timestamp-based snapshots (we called them ‘time slices’, git calls them ‘commit snapshots’) available for value vocabularies, but this failed to gain any traction. this seemed to be partly because, well, it was a decade ago for one, and while it attempted to solve an open world problem with versioned uris, it created a new set of problems for closed world experimenters. ultimately, we left the versions issue to sit and stew for a bit ( years!). all that started to change in as we started working with rda, and needed to move past value vocabularies into properties and classes, and beyond that into issues around uploading data into the omr. lately, git and github have started taking off and provide a way for us to make some important jumps in functionality that have culminated in the omr/github-based rda registry. sounds easy and intuitive now, but it sure wasn’t at the time, and what most people don’t know is that the omr is still where rda/rdf data originates — it wasn’t supplanted by git/github, but is chugging along in the background. the omr’s rdf cms is still visible and usable by all, but folks managing larger vocabularies now have more options. one important aspect of the use of git and github was the ability to rethink versioning. just about a year ago our paper on this topic (versioning vocabularies in a linked data world, by diane hillmann, gordon dunsire and jon phipps) was presented to the ifla satellite meeting in paris. we used as our model the way software on our various devices and systems is updated–more and more these changes happen without much (if any) interaction with us. in the world of vocabularies defining the properties and values in linked data, most updating is still very manual (if done at all), and the important information about what has changed and when is often hidden behind web pages or downloadable files that provide no machine-understandable connections identifying changes. and just solving the change management issue does little to solve the inevitable ‘vocabulary rot’ that can make published ‘linked data’ less and less meaningful, accurate, and useful over time. building stable change management practices is a very critical missing piece of the linked data publishing puzzle. the problem will grow exponentially as language versions and inter-vocabulary mappings start to show up as well — and it won’t be too long before that happens. please take a look at the paper and join in the conversation! 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, september , , : pm (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									rda, tools, vocabularies 													 						post a comment											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					five star vocabulary use 				 							 			 			 				most of us in the library and cultural heritage communities interested in metadata are well aware of tim berners-lee’s five star ratings for linked open data (in fact, some of us actually have the mug). the five star rating for lod, intended to encourage us to follow five basic rules for linked data is useful, but, as we’ve discussed it over the years, a basic question rises up: what good is linked data without (property) vocabularies? vocabulary manager types like me and my peeps are always thinking like this, and recently we came across solid evidence that we are not alone in the universe. check out: “five stars of linked data vocabulary use”, published last year as part of the semantic web journal. the five authors posit that tbl’s five star linked data is just the precondition to what we really need: vocabularies. they point out that the original star rating says nothing about vocabularies, but that linked data without vocabularies is not useful at all: “just converting a csv file to a set of rdf triples and linking them to another set of triples does not necessarily make the data more (re)usable to humans or machines.” needless to say, we share this viewpoint! i’m not going to steal their thunder and list here all five star categories–you really should read the article (it’s short), but only note that the lowest level is a zero star rating that covers ld with no vocabularies. the five star rating is reserved for vocabularies that are linked to other vocabularies, which is pretty cool, and not easy to accomplish by the original publisher as a soloist. these five star ratings are a terrific start to good practices documentation for vocabularies used in lod, which we’ve had in our minds for some time. stay tuned. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, august , , : pm (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									linked data, vocabularies 													 						post a comment											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					what do we mean when we talk about ‘meaning’? 				 							 			 			 				over the past weekend i participated in a twitter conversation on the topic of meaning, data, transformation and packaging. the conversation is too long to repost here, but looking from july - for @metadata_maven should pick most of it up. aside from my usual frustration at the message limitations in twitter, there seemed to be a lot of confusion about what exactly we mean about ‘meaning’ and how it gets expressed in data. i had a skype conversation with @jonphipps about it, and thought i could reproduce that here, in a way that could add to the original conversation, perhaps clarifying a few things. [probably good to read the twitter conversation ahead of reading the rest of this.] jon phipps: i think the problem that the people in that conversation are trying to address is that marc has done triple duty as a local and global serialization (format) for storage, supporting indexing and display; a global data interchange format; and a focal point for creating agreement about the rules everyone is expected to follow to populate the data (aacr , rda). if you walk away from that, even if you don’t kill it, nothing else is going to be able to serve that particular set of functions. but that’s the way everyone chooses to discuss bibframe, or schema.org, or any other ‘marc replacement’. diane hillmann: yeah, but how does ‘meaning’ merely expressed on a wiki page help in any way? isn’t the idea to have meaning expressed with the data itself? jon phipps: it depends on whether you see rdf as a meaning transport mechanism or a data transport mechanism. that’s the difference between semantic data and linked data. diane hillmann: it’s both, don’t you think? jon phipps: semantic data is the smart subset of linked data. diane hillmann: nice tagline jon phipps: zepheira, and now dc, seem to be increasingly looking at rdf as merely linked data. i should say a transport mechanism for ‘linked’ data. diane hillmann: it’s easier that way. jon phipps: exactly. basically what they’re saying is that meaning is up to the receiver’s system to determine. dc:title of ‘mr.’ is fine in that world–it even validates according to the ‘new’ ap thinking. it’s all easier for the data producers if they don’t have to care about vocabularies. but the value of rdf is that it’s brilliantly designed to transport knowledge, not just data. rdf data is intended to live in a world where any thing can be described by any thing, and all of those descriptions can be aggregated over time to form a more complete description of the thing being described. knowledge transfer really benefits from semantic web concepts like inferences and entailments and even truthiness (in addition to just validation). if you discount and even reject those concepts in a linked data world than you might as well ship your data around as csv or even sql files and be done with it. one of the things about marc is that it’s incredibly semantically rich (marc rdf.info) and has also been brilliantly designed by a lot of people over a lot of years to convey an equally rich body of bibliographic knowledge. but throwing away even a small portion of that knowledge in pursuit of a far dumber linked data holy grail is a lot like saying that since most people only use a relatively limited number of words (especially when they’re texting) we have no need for a , word, or even a , word, dictionary. marc makes knowledge transfer look relatively easy because the knowledge is embedded in a vocabulary every cataloger learns and speaks fairly fluently. it looks like it’s just a (truly limiting) data format so it’s easy to think that replacing it is just a matter of coming up with a fresh new format, like rdf. but it’s going to be a lot harder than that, which is tacitly acknowledged by the many-faceted effort to permanently dumb-down bibliographic metadata, and it’s one of the reasons why i think bibframe.org, bibfra.me, and schema.org might end up being very destructive, given the way they’re being promoted (be sure to park your marc somewhere). [that’s why we’re so focused on the rda data model (which can actually be semantically richer than marc), why we helped create marc rdf.info, and why we’re working at building out our rdf vocabulary management services.] diane hillmann: this would be a great conversation to record for a podcast 😉 jon phipps: i’m not saying proper vocabulary management is easy. look at us for instance, we haven’t bothered to publish the omr vocabs and only one person has noticed (so far). but they’re in active use in every omr-generated vocab. the point i was making was that we we’re no better, as publishers of theoretically semantic metadata, at making sure the data was ‘meaningful’ by making sure that the vocabs resolved, had definitions, etc. [p.s. we’re now working on publishing our registry vocabularies.] 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, july , , : pm (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									linked data, rda, vocabularies 													 						 comment												(show inline) 											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					fresh from ala, what’s new? 				 							 			 			 				in the old days, when i was on marbi as liaison for aall, i used to write a fairly detailed report, and after that wrote it up for my cornell colleagues. the gist of those reports was to describe what happened, and if there might be implications to consider from the decisions. i don’t propose to do that here, but it does feel as if i’m acting in a familiar ‘reporting’ mode. in an early saturday presentation sponsored by the linked library data ig, we heard about bibframe and vivo. i was very interested to see how vivo has grown (having seen it as an infant), but was puzzled by the suggestion that it or foaf could substitute for the functionality embedded in authority records. for one thing, auth records are about disambiguating names, and not describing people–much as some believe that’s where authority control should be going. even when we stop using text strings as identifiers, we’ll still need that function and should be thinking carefully whether adding other functions makes good sense. later on saturday, at the cataloging norms ig meeting, nancy fallgren spoke on the nlm collaboration with zepheira, gw, (and others) on bibframe lite. they’re now testing the kuali ole cataloging module for use with bf lite, which will include a triple store. an important quote from nancy: “legacy data should not drive development.” so true, but neither should we be starting over, or discarding data, just to simplify data creation, thus losing the ability to respond to the more complex needs in cataloging, which aren’t going away, (a point demonstrated usefully in the recent jane-athons). i was the last speaker on that program, and spoke on the topic of “what can we do about our legacy data?” i was primarily asking questions and discussing options, not providing answers. the one thing i am adamant about is that nobody should be throwing away their marc records. i even came up with a simple rule: “park the marc”. after all, storage is cheap, and nobody really knows how the current situation will settle out. data is easy to dumb down, but not so easy to smarten up, and there may be do-overs in store for some down the road, after the experimentation is done and the tradeoffs clearer. i also attended the bibframe update, and noted that there’s still no open discussion about the ‘classic’ (as in ‘classic coke’) bibframe version used by lc, and the ‘new’ (as in ‘new coke’) bibframe lite version being developed by zepheira, which is apparently the vocabulary they’re using in their projects and training. it seems like it could be a useful discussion, but somebody’s got to start it. it’s not gonna be me. the most interesting part of that update from my point of view was hearing sally mccallum talk about the testing of bibframe by lc’s catalogers. the tool they’re planning on using (in development, i believe) will use rda labels and include rule numbers from the rda toolkit. now, there’s a test i really want to hear about at midwinter! but of course all of that rda ‘testing’ they insisted on several years ago to determine if the rda rules could be applied to marc doesn’t (can’t) apply to bibframe classic so … will there be a new round of much publicized and eagerly anticipated shared institutional testing of this new tool and its assumptions? just askin’. 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, july , , : am (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									ala conferences, bibframe, rda, vocabularies 													 						post a comment											 							 			 												 									 		 			 			 				 					what’s up with this jane-athon stuff? 				 							 			 			 				the rda development team started talking about developing training for the ‘new’ rda, with a focus on the vocabularies, in the fall of . we had some notion of what we didn’t want to do: we didn’t want yet another ‘sage on the stage’ event, we wanted to re-purpose the ‘hackathon’ model from a software focus to data creation (including a major hands-on aspect), and we wanted to demonstrate what rda looked like (and could do) in a native rda environment, without reference to marc. this was a tall order. using rimmf for the data creation was a no-brainer: the developers had been using the rda registry to feed new vocabulary elements into their their software (effectively becoming the rda registry’s first client), and were fully committed to frbr. deborah fritz had been training librarians and other on rimmf for years, gathering feedback and building enthusiasm. it was deborah who came up with the jane-athon idea, and the rda development group took it and ran with it. using the jane austen theme was a brilliant part of deborah’s idea. everybody knows about ja, and the number of spin offs, rip-offs and re-tellings of the novels (in many media formats) made her work a natural for examining why rda and frbr make sense. one goal stated everywhere in the marketing materials for our first jane outing was that we wanted people to have fun. all of us have been part of the audience and on the dais for many information sessions, for rda and other issues, and neither position has ever been much fun, useful as the sessions might have been. the same goes for webinars, which, as they’ve developed in library-land tend to be dry, boring, and completely bereft of human interaction. and there was a lot of fun at that first jane-athon–i venture to say that % of the folks in the room left with smiles and thanks. we got an amazing response to our evaluation survey, and the preponderance of responses were expansive, positive, and clearly designed to help the organizers to do better the next time. the various folks from ala publishing who stood at the back and watched the fun were absolutely amazed at the noise, the laughter, and the collaboration in evidence. no small part of the success of jane-athon rested with the team leaders at each table, and the coaches going from table to table helping out with puzzling issues, ensuring that participants were able to create data using rimmf that could be aggregated for examination later in the day. from the beginning we thought of jane as the first of many. in the first flush of success as participants signed up and enthusiasm built, we talked publicly about making it possible to do local jane-athons, but we realized that our small group would have difficulty doing smaller events with less expertise on site to the same standard we set at jane-athon . we had to do a better job in thinking through the local expansion and how to ensure that local participants get the same (or similar) value from the experience before responding to requests. as a step in that direction cilip in the uk is planning an ag-athon on may , which will add much to the collective experience as well as to the data store that began with the first jane-athon and will be an increasingly important factor as we work through the issues of sharing data. the collection and storage of the jane-athon data was envisioned prior to the first event, and the r-balls site was designed as a place to store and share rimmf-based information. though a valuable step towards shareable rda data, rballs have their limits. the data itself can be curated by human experts or available with warts, depending on the needs of the user of the data. for the longer term, rimmf can output rdf statements based on the rball info, and a triple store is in development for experimentation and exploration. there are plans to improve the visualization of this data and demonstrate its use at jane-athon in san francisco, which will include more about rda and linked data, as well as what the created data can be used for, in particular, for new and improved services. so, what are the implications of the first jane-athon’s success for libraries interested in linked data? one of the biggest misunderstandings floating around libraryland in linked data conversations is that it’s necessary to make one and only one choice of format, and eschew all others (kind of like saying that everyone has to speak english to participate in lod). this is not just incorrect, it’s also dangerous. in the marc era, there was truly no choice for libraries–to participate in record sharing they had to use marc. but the technology has changed, and rapidly evolving semantic mapping strategies [see: dcpapers.dublincore.org/pubs/article/view/ ] will enable libraries to use the most appropriate schemas and tools for creating data to be used in their local context, and others for distributing that data to partners, collaborators, or the larger world. another widely circulated meme is that rda/frbr is ‘too complicated’ for what libraries need; we’re encouraged to ‘simplify, simplify’ and assured that we’ll still be able to do what we need. hmm, well, simplification is an attractive idea, until one remembers that the environment we work in, with evolving carriers, versions, and creative ideas for marketing materials to libraries is getting more complex than ever. without the specificity to describe what we have (or have access to), we push the problem out to our users to figure out on their own. libraries have always tried to be smarter than that, and that requires “smart” , not “dumb”, metadata. of course the corollary to the ‘too complicated’ argument lies the notion that a) we’re not smart enough to figure out how to do rda and frbr right, and b) complex means more expensive. i refuse to give space to a), but b) is an important consideration. i urge you to take a look at the jane-athon data and consider the fact that jane austen wrote very few novels, but they’ve been re-published with various editions, versions and commentaries for almost two centuries. once you add the ‘based on’, ‘inspired by’ and the enormous trail created by those trying to use jane’s popularity to sell stuff (“sense and sensibility and sea monsters” is a favorite of mine), you can see the problem. think of a pyramid with a very expansive base, and a very sharp point, and consider that the works that everything at the bottom wants to link to don’t require repeating the description of each novel every time in rda. and we’re not adding notes to descriptions that are based on the outdated notion that the only use for information about the relationship between “sense and sensibility and sea monsters” and jane’s “sense and sensibility” is a human being who looks far enough into the description to read the note. one of the big revelations for most jane-athon participants was to see how well rimmf translated legacy marc records into rda, with links between the wem levels and others to the named agents in the record. it’s very slick, and most importantly, not lossy. consider that rimmf also outputs in both marc and rdf–and you see something of a missing link (if not the golden gate bridge :-). not to say there aren’t issues to be considered with rda as with other options. there are certainly those, and they’ll be discussed at the jane-in in san francisco as well as at the rda forum on the following day, which will focus on current rda upgrades and the future of rda and cataloging. (more detailed information on the forum will be available shortly). don’t miss the fun, take a look at the details and then go ahead and register. and catalogers, try your best to entice your developers to come too. we’ll set up a table for them, and you’ll improve the conversation level at home considerably! 			 			 							 by diane hillmann, may , , : am (utc- ) 						 										 			 						 									linked data, rda, uncategorized 													 						 comment												(show inline) 											 							 			 												 									 		 		 	 		 		older articles » 		 	 			 	 	schnellnavigation: jump to start of page | jump to posts | jump to navigation 	 	 		 	syndication 		rdf articles 	rss articles 	atom articles 	 			archives 				february 	january 	december 	october 	september 	august 	july 	may 	february 	december 	november 	october 	september 	february 	december 	july 	may 	october 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	december 	september 	april 	march 	february 	january 	october 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perl module (version . ) 	open library, the movie! 	get-mbooks.pl 	hello, world! 	cape cod bay at race point 	next generation data format 	salto do itiquira 	open library developer's meeting: one web page for every book ever published 	atom syndication format 	getting to know the atom publishing protocol, part : create and edit web resources with the atom publishing protocol 	atom publishing protocol 	today's digital information landscape 	dr. strangelove, or how we learned to live with google 	next generation library catalogs in fifteen minutes 	success of open source by steven weber: a book review 	catalog collectivism: xc and the future of library search 	headwaters of the missouri river 	open source software at the montana state university libraries symposium 	original mylibrary 	canal surrounding kastellet, copenhagen, denmark 	sum top tech trends for the summer of 	lake erie at cedar point amusement park, oh 	mineral water from puyehue, chile 	lago paranoa, brazilia (brazil) 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	symposium on open access and digital preservation 	jimmy carter water, atlanta, ga 	european conference on digital libraries, 	puget sound at port orchard, wa 	ockham in corvallis, or 	marys peak spring water 	ogle lake, brown county state park, in 	natural bridges state park, monterey bay, santa cruz, ca 	yellowstone river 	fountain of youth, st. augustine, fl 	introduction to search/retrieve url service (sru) 	portal implementation issues and challenges 	bath creek at bath, nc 	open source software in libraries 	really rudimentary catalog 	mcn annual conference 	lake mead at hoover dam 	lita national forum, 	open source software in libraries: a workshop 	mylibrary: a copernican revolution in libraries 	caribbean sea at lime cay, kingston, jamaica 	gulf of mexico at galveston island state park 	mill water at mission san jose, san antonio, tx 	what is information architecture? 	texas library association annual meeting, 	building your library's portal 	salton sea, ca 	pacific ocean at big sur, ca 	pacific ocean at la jolla, ca 	getting started with xml: a workshop 	usability for the web: designing web sites that work 	daiad goes to ann arbor 	ockham@emory (january, ) 	web services at oclc 	access , windsor, ontario 	lake st. claire at windsor, ontario 	usability in less than minutes 	european conference on digital libraries 	making information easier to find with mylibrary 	roman forum in rome, italy 	implementing "light-weight reference models" in mylibrary 	tanana river at fairbanks, alaska 	mendenhall glacier at juneau, alaska 	lancaster square, conwy, wales 	river teifi at cenarth falls, cenarth, wales 	atlantic ocean at mwnt, wales 	atlantic ocean at st. justinians, wales 	atlantic ocean at roch, wales 	loch lomond 	american library association annual meeting, atlanta, ga, 	stone mountain, atlanta, ga 	st. joesph river at bristol, in 	ockham in atlanta 	dlf in chicago 	isabella river in the boundry waters canoe area wilderness, mn 	open source software in libraries 	asis &amp;amp; t information architecture summit: refining the craft 	baltimore harbor, baltimore, md 	what is the open archives initiative? 	ontario library association (ola) annual meeting, 	reflection pool, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 	lake michigan at warren dunes state park, in 	ohio river at point pleasant, oh 	open source software in libraries 	amazon river, peru 	comparing open source indexers 	smart html pages with php 	data services for the sciences: a needs assessment 	summary report of the research data management study group 	portal webliography 	gift cultures, librarianship, and open source software development 	dbms and web delivery 	review of some ebook technology 	cap ' 	sigir ' 	mylibrary@ncstate 	marketing through usability 	catalogs of the future 	raleigh-worcester-lansing 	adaptive technologies 	sometimes the question is more important than the answer 	networking 	languaging ' 	possibilities for proactive library services 	systems administration requires people skills 	communication is the key to our success 	imagine, if only we had... 	marketing future libraries 	springboards for stategic planning 	eric visits savannah 	different type of distance education 	indexing, indexing, indexing 	mylibrary in your library 	becoming a -pound gorilla 	access control in libraries 	we love databases! 	computer literacy for librarians 	pointers searching, searching pointers 	from amtrak to artemia salina 	unique collections and fahrenheit 	creating user-friendly electronic information systems 	tuileries gardens, paris (france) 	evaluating index morganagus 	becoming a world wide web server expert 	see you see a librarian final report 	learning to use the tools of the trade 	cataloging digital mediums 	readability, browsability, searchability plus assistance 	listwebber ii 	on being a systems librarian 	cataloging internet resources: a beginning 	tennessee library association 	clarence meets alcuin 	extending your html on a macintosh using macro languages 	adding internet resources to our opacs 	description and evaluation of the mr. serials process 	gateways and electronic publishing 	random musing: teaching a new dog old tricks 	wils' world conference : a travel log 	ala annual conference: a mini-travel log 	ties that bind: converging communities - a travel log 	usain annual conference : a travel log 	internet for anthropologists 	webedge: a travel log 	using world wide web and wais technologies 	introduction to world wide web servers 	short trip to duke 	opportunities for technical services staff 	email.cgi version . . 	world-wide web and mosaic: an overview for librarians 	simple html editor (she) version . 	alcuin, an ncsu libraries guide 	implementing tcp/ip communications with hypercard 	day in the life of mr. d. 	microphone scripts for searching medlars 	marc reader: a hypercard script to demystify the marc record 	hypernote pro 	caribbiean sea at robins bay, jamaica <br /> <b>warning</b>: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". did you mean to use "continue "? in <b>/kunden/ _ /jakoblog.de/wp/wp-content/plugins/mendeleyplugin/wp-mendeley.php</b> on line <b> </b><br /> <br /> <b>warning</b>: cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /kunden/ _ /jakoblog.de/wp/wp-content/plugins/mendeleyplugin/wp-mendeley.php: ) in <b>/kunden/ _ /jakoblog.de/wp/wp-includes/feed-atom.php</b> on line <b> </b><br /> <?xml version=" . " encoding="utf- "?><feed xmlns="http://www.w .org/ /atom" xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/ . " xml:lang="de-de" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/wp-atom.php" > 	<title type="text">en &# ; jakoblog</title> 	<subtitle type="text">das weblog von jakob voß</subtitle> 	<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de" /> 	<id>http://jakoblog.de/feed/atom/</id> 	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="jakoblog-de- .html" /> 	<generator uri="https://wordpress.org/" version=" . . ">wordpress</generator> 	<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[data models age like parents]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /data-models-age-like-parents/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="data modeling" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[denny vrandečić, employed as ontologist at google, noticed that all six of of six linked data applications linked to years ago (iwb, tabulator, disko, marbles, rdfbrowser , and zitgist) have disappeared or changed their calling syntax. this reminded me at a proverb about software and data: software ages like fish, data ages like wine. ‏ [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /data-models-age-like-parents/"><![cdata[<p>denny vrandečić, employed as ontologist at google, <a href="https://twitter.com/vrandezo/status/ ">noticed that</a> all six of of six linked data applications linked to years ago (iwb, tabulator, disko, marbles, rdfbrowser , and zitgist) have disappeared or changed their calling syntax. this reminded me at a proverb about software and data:</p> <blockquote><p>software ages like fish, data ages like wine.</p></blockquote> <p>‏<br /> the original form of this saying <a href="http://redmonk.com/jgovernor/ / / /why-applications-are-like-fish-and-data-is-like-wine/">seems to come from james governor</a> (<a href="https://twitter.com/monkchips">@monkchips</a>) who in derived it from from an earlier phrase:</p> <blockquote><p>hardware is like fish, operating systems are like wine.</p></blockquote> <p>the analogy of fishy applications and delightful data <a href="https://www.openlinksw.com/dataspace/doc/kidehen@openlinksw.com/weblog/kidehen@openlinksw.com% s% blog% % b % d/ ">has been repeated</a> and <a href="https://www.quora.com/what-is-the-meaning-of-data-matures-like-wine-applications-like-fish">explained</a> and <a href="https://www.masterdata.co.za/index.php/news/ -mdm-insights/ -your-data-ages-like-fine-wine-whereas-your-software-applications-age-like-fish">criticized</a> several times. i fully agree with the part about <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/software_rot">software rot</a> but i doubt that data actually ages like wine (i&# ;d prefer whisky anyway). a more accurate simile may be &# ;data ages like things you put into your crowded cellar and then forget about&# ;.</p> <p>thinking a lot <a href="http://aboutdata.org/">about data</a> i found that data is less interesting than the structures and rules that shape and restrict data: data models, ontologies, schemas, forms etc. how do they age compared with software and data? i soon realized:</p> <blockquote><p>data models age like parents.</p></blockquote> <p>first they guide you, give good advise, and support you as best as they can. but at some point data begin to rebel against their models. sooner or later parents become uncool, disconnected from current trends, outdated or even embarrassing. eventually you have to accept their quaint peculiarities and live your own life. that&# ;s <a href="https://xkcd.com/ /">how standards proliferate</a>. both ontologies and parents ultimately become weaker and need support. and in the end you have to let them go, sadly looking back.</p> <p>(the analogy could further be extended, for instance data models might be frustrated confronted by how actual data compares to their ideals, but that&# ;s another story)</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /data-models-age-like-parents/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /data-models-age-like-parents/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[wikidata documentation on the hackathon in vienna]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /wikidata-documentation-on-the- -hackathon-in-vienna/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="wikidata" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="wmhack" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[at wikimedia hackathon , a couple of volunteers sat together to work on the help pages of wikidata. as part of that wikidata documentation sprint. ziko and me took a look at the wikidata glossary. we identified several shortcomings and made a list of rules how the glossary should look like. the result are the [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /wikidata-documentation-on-the- -hackathon-in-vienna/"><![cdata[<p>at <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/wikimedia_hackathon_ ">wikimedia hackathon </a>, a couple of volunteers sat together to work on the help pages of <a href="https://wikidata.org">wikidata</a>. as part of that <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/wikidata:wikiproject_documentation">wikidata documentation sprint</a>. ziko and me took a look at the <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/wikidata:glossary">wikidata glossary</a>. we identified several shortcomings and made a list of rules how the glossary should look like. the result are the <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/wikidata:glossary/guidelines">glossary guidelines</a>. where the old glossary partly replicated <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/wikidata:introduction">wikidata:introduction</a>, the new version aims to allow quick lookup of concepts. we already rewrote some entries of the glossary according to these guidelines but several entries are outdated and need to be improved still. we changed the structure of the glossary into a sortable table so it can be displayed as alphabetical list in all languages. the entries can still be translated with the <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/extension:translate">translation system</a> (it took some time to get familiar with this feature).</p> <p>we also created some missing help pages such as <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/help:wikimedia">help:wikimedia</a> and <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/help:wikibase">help:wikibase</a> to explain general concepts with regard to wikidata. some of these concepts are already explained elsewhere but wikidata needs at least short introductions especially written for wikidata users.</p> <div style="width: px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:wikimedia_hackathon_ _-_documentation_sprint_-_reviewing_end_of_day_results.jpg"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/ / b/wikimedia_hackathon_ _-_documentation_sprint_-_reviewing_end_of_day_results.jpg/ px-wikimedia_hackathon_ _-_documentation_sprint_-_reviewing_end_of_day_results.jpg" width=" " height=" " class="size-full" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">image taken by andrew lih (cc-by-sa)</p></div> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /wikidata-documentation-on-the- -hackathon-in-vienna/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /wikidata-documentation-on-the- -hackathon-in-vienna/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[introduction to phabricator at wikimedia hackathon]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /introduction-to-phabricator-at-wikimedia-hackathon/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="wikimedia" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="wmhack" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[this weekend i participate at wikimedia hackathon in vienna. i mostly contribute to wikidata related events and practice the phrase &# ;long time no see&# ;, but i also look into some introductionary talks. in the late afternoon of day one i attended an introduction to phabricator project management tool given by andré klapper. phabricator was introduced [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /introduction-to-phabricator-at-wikimedia-hackathon/"><![cdata[<p>this weekend i participate at <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/wikimedia_hackathon_ ">wikimedia hackathon</a> in vienna. i mostly contribute to wikidata related events and practice the phrase &quot;long time no see&quot;, but i also look into some introductionary talks.</p> <p>in the late afternoon of day one i attended <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/t ">an introduction to phabricator</a> project management tool given by andré klapper. phabricator was introduced in wikimedia foundation <a href="https://blogs.gnome.org/aklapper/ / / /welcome-phabricator/">about three years ago</a> to replace and unify bugzilla and several other management tools.</p> <p>phabricator is much more than an issue tracker for software projects (although it is mainly used for this purpose by wikimedia developers). in summary there are <strong>tasks</strong>, <strong>projects</strong>, and <strong>teams</strong>. tasks can be tagged, assigned, followed,discussed, and organized with milestones and <strong>workboards</strong>. the latter are <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/kanban_board">kanban-boards</a> like those i know from <a href="https://trello.com">trello</a>, <a href="https://waffle.io/">waffle</a>, and github project boards.</p> <div class="figure"> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d /simple-kanban-board-.jpg/ px-simple-kanban-board-.jpg" /> </div> <p>phabricator is open source so you can self-host it and add your own user management without having to pay for each new user and feature (i am looking at you, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jira_(software)">jira</a>). internally i would like to use phabricator but for fully open projects i don&# ;t see enough benefit compared to using github.</p> <p>p.s.: wikimedia hackathon is also organized with phabricator. there is also a <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/t ">task for blogging about the event</a>.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /introduction-to-phabricator-at-wikimedia-hackathon/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /introduction-to-phabricator-at-wikimedia-hackathon/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[some thoughts on iiif and metadata]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /some-thoughts-on-iiif-and-metadata/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="iiif" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="metadata" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[yesterday at dini ag kim workshop i martin baumgartner and stefanie rühle gave an introduction to the international image interoperability framework (iiif) with focus on metadata. i already knew that iiif is a great technology for providing access to (especially large) images but i had not have a detailed look yet. the main part [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /some-thoughts-on-iiif-and-metadata/"><![cdata[<p>yesterday at <a href="https://wiki.dnb.de/display/diniagkim/kim+ws+ ">dini ag kim workshop </a> i martin baumgartner and stefanie rühle gave an introduction to the <a href="http://iiif.io/">international image interoperability framework (iiif)</a> with focus on metadata. i already knew that iiif is a great technology for providing access to (especially large) images but i had not have a detailed look yet. the main part of iiif is its <a href="http://iiif.io/api/image/ . /">image api</a> and i hope that all major media repositories (i am looking at you, wikimedia commons) will implement it. in addition the iiif community has defined a &# ;presentation api&# ;, a &# ;search api&# ;, and an &# ;authentication api&# ;. i understand the need of such additional apis within the iiif community, but i doubt that solving the underlying problems with their own standards (instead of reusing existing standards) is the right way to go. standards should better &# ;do one thing and do it well&# ; (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/unix_philosophy">unix philosophy</a>). if images are the &# ;one thing&# ; of iiif, then search and authentication are different matter.</p> <p>in the workshop we only looked at parts of the presentation api to see where metadata (creator, dates, places, provenance etc. and structural metadata such as lists and hierarchies) could be integrated into iiif. such metadata is already expressed in many other formats such as mets/mods and tei so the question is not whether to use iiif or other metadata standards but how to connect iiif with existing metadata standards. a quick look at the presentation api surprised me to find out that the <a href="http://iiif.io/api/presentation/ . /#descriptive-properties"><code>metadata</code> element</a> is explicitly <em>not</em> intended for additional metadata but only &# ;to be displayed to the user&# ;. the element contains an ordered list of key-value pairs that &# ;might be used to convey the author of the work, information about its creation, a brief physical description, or ownership information, amongst other use cases&# ;. at the same time the standard emphasizes that &# ;there are no semantics conveyed by this information&# ;. hello, mcfly? without semantics conveyed it isn&# ;t information! in particular there is no such thing as structured data (e.g. a list of key-value pairs) without semantics.</p> <p>i think the design of field <code>metadata</code> in iiif is based on a common misconception about the nature of (meta)data, which i already wrote about <a href="http://libreas.eu/ausgabe / voss/">elsewhere</a> (sorry, german article &# ; some background in <a href="http://aboutdata.org/">my phd</a> and found <a href="https://doi.org/ . /iccit. . ">by ballsun-stanton</a>).</p> <p>in a <a href="https://twitter.com/nichtich/status/ ">short discussion at twitter</a> rob sanderson (getty) pointed out that the data format of iiif presentation api to describe intellectual works (called a <a href="http://iiif.io/api/presentation/ . /#manifest">manifest</a>) is expressed in json-ld, so it can be extended by other rdf statements. for instance the field &# ;license&# ; is already defined with <a href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/rights">dcterms:rights</a>. addition of a field &# ;author&# ; for <a href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator">dcterms:creator</a> only requires to define this field in the json-ld <code>@context</code> of a manifest. after some experimenting i found a possible way to connect the &# ;meaningless&# ; metadata field with json-ld fields:</p> <pre>
 {
 "@context": [
 "http://iiif.io/api/presentation/ /context.json",
 { 
 "author": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator",
 "bibo": "http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/"
 }
 ],
 "@id": "http://example.org/iiif/book /manifest",
 "@type": ["sc:manifest", "bibo:book"],
 "metadata": [
 {
 "label": "author",
 "property": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator",
 "value": "allen smithee"
 },
 { 
 "label": "license",
 "property": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/license", 
 "value": "cc-by . " 
 }
 ],
 "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ . /",
 "author": {
 "@id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/q ",
 "label": "allen smithee"
 }
 }
 </pre> <p>this solution requires an additional element <code>property</code> in the iiif specification to connect a metadata field with its meaning. iiif applications could then enrich the display of metadata fields for instance with links or additional translations. in json-ld some names such as &# ;cc-by . &# ; and &# ;allen smithee&# ; need to be given twice, but this is ok because normal names (in contrast to field names such as &# ;author&# ; and &# ;license&# ;) don&# ;t have semantics.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /some-thoughts-on-iiif-and-metadata/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /some-thoughts-on-iiif-and-metadata/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[abbreviated uris with rdfns]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /abbreviated-uris-with-rdfns/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="perl" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="rdf" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[working with rdf and uris can be annoying because uris such as &# ;http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title&# ; are long and difficult to remember and type. most rdf serializations make use of namespace prefixes to abbreviate uris, for instance &# ;dc&# ; is frequently used to abbreviate &# ;http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /&# ; so &# ;http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title&# ; can be written as qualified name &# ;dc:title&# ;. this simplifies working with uris, [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /abbreviated-uris-with-rdfns/"><![cdata[<p>working with rdf and uris can be annoying because uris such as &# ;<code>http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title</code>&# ; are long and difficult to remember and type. most rdf serializations make use of namespace prefixes to abbreviate uris, for instance &# ;<code>dc</code>&# ; is frequently used to abbreviate &# ;<code>http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /</code>&# ; so &# ;<code>http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title</code>&# ; can be written as qualified name &# ;<code>dc:title</code>&# ;. this simplifies working with uris, but someone still has to remember mappings between prefixes and namespaces. luckily there is a registry of common mappings at <a href="http://prefix.cc/">prefix.cc</a>.</p> <p><a href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /uri-namespace-lookup-with-prefixcc-and-rdf-ns/">a few years ago</a> i created the simple command line tool <b><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/distribution/rdf-ns/bin/rdfns">rdfns</a></b> and a perl library to look up uri namespace/prefix mappings. meanwhile the program is also available as debian and ubuntu package <a href="http://packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=librdf-ns-perl&# ;searchon=names&# ;exact= &# ;suite=all&# ;section=all">librdf-ns-perl</a>. the newest version (not included in debian yet) also supports <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/rdf::sn">reverse lookup</a> to abbreviate an uri to a qualified name. features of rdfns include:</p> <p><b>look up namespaces (as rdf/turtle, rdf/xml, sparql&# ;)</b></p> <pre>
 $ rdfns foaf.ttl foaf.xmlns dbpedia.sparql foaf.json
 
 @prefix foaf: <http: //xmlns.com/foaf/ . /> .
 xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/ . /"
 prefix dbpedia: <http: //dbpedia.org/resource/>
 "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/ . /"
 </pre> <p><b>expand a qualified name</b></p> <pre>
 $ rdfns dc:title
 
 http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title
 </pre> <p><b>lookup a preferred prefix</b></p> <pre>
 $ rdfns http://www.w .org/ / /geo/wgs _pos#
 
 geo
 </pre> <p><b>create a short qualified name of an url</b></p> <pre>
 $ rdfns http://purl.org/dc/elements/ . /title
 
 dc:title
 </pre> <p>i use rdf-ns for all rdf processing to improve readability and to avoid typing long uris. for instance <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/catmandu::rdf">catmandu::rdf</a> can be used to parse rdf into a very concise data structure:</p> <pre>
 $ catmandu convert rdf --file rdfdata.ttl to yaml
 </pre> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /abbreviated-uris-with-rdfns/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /abbreviated-uris-with-rdfns/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[testing command line apps with app::cmd]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /testing-command-line-apps-with-appcmd/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="perl" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[this posting has also been published at blogs.perl.org. ricardo signes&# ; app::cmd has been praised a lot so i gave it a try for my recent command line app. in summary, the module is great although i missed some minor features and documentation (reminder to all: if you miss some feature in a cpan module, don&# ;t [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /testing-command-line-apps-with-appcmd/"><![cdata[<p><em>this posting has also been published <a href="http://blogs.perl.org/users/jakob/ / /testing-command-line-apps-with-appcmd.html">at blogs.perl.org</a>.</em></p> <p>ricardo signes&# ; <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/app::cmd">app::cmd</a> has been praised a lot so i gave it a try for my recent command line app. in summary, the module is great although i missed some minor features and documentation (<em>reminder to all: if you miss some feature in a cpan module, don&# ;t create yet another module but try to improve the existing one!</em>). one feature i like a lot is how app::cmd facilitates writing tests for command line apps. after having written a short wrapper around <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/app::cmd::tester">app::cmd::tester</a> my formerly ugly unit tests look very simple and clean. have a look at this example:</p> <pre>
 use test::more;
 use app::paia::tester;
 
 new_paia_test;
 
 paia qw(config);
 is stdout, "{}\n";
 is error, undef;
 
 paia qw(config -c x.json --verbose);
 is error, "failed to open config file x.json\n";
 ok exit_code; 
 
 paia qw(config --config x.json --verbose foo bar);
 is output, "# saved config file x.json\n";
 
 paia qw(config foo bar);
 paia qw(config base http://example.org/);
 is exit_code, ;
 is output, '';
 
 paia qw(config);
 is_deeply stdout_json, { 
 base => 'http://example.org/',
 foo => 'bar',
 }, "get full config"
 
 done_paia_test;
 </pre> <p>the application is called paia &# ; that&# ;s how it called at command line and that&# ;s how it is simply called as function in the tests. the wrapper class (here: <a href="https://metacpan.org/source/app::paia::tester">app::paia::tester</a>) creates a singleton app::cmd::tester::result object and exports its methods (stdout, stderr, exit_code&# ;). this alone makes the test much more readable. the wrapper further exports two methods to set up a testing environment (new_paia_test) and to finish testing (done_paia_test). in my case the setup creates an empty temporary directory, other applications might clean up environment variables etc. depending on your application you might also add some handy functions like stdout_json to parse the app&# ;s output in a form that can better be tested.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /testing-command-line-apps-with-appcmd/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /testing-command-line-apps-with-appcmd/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[my phd thesis about data]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /my-phd-thesis-about-data/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[i have finally received paper copies of my phd thesis &# ;describing data patterns&# ;, published and printed via createspace. the full pdf has already been archived as cc-by-sa, but a paper print may still be nice and more handy (it&# ;s printed as small paperback instead of the large a -pdf). you can get a copy for . € [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /my-phd-thesis-about-data/"><![cdata[<p><a href="http://aboutdata.org/"><img src="http://jakoblog.de/wp-content/uploads/ / /phdcover.jpeg" alt="" title="describing data patterns" width=" " height=" " class="alignright size-full wp-image- " /></a></p> <p>i have finally received paper copies of my phd thesis <em>&# ;describing data patterns&# ;</em>, published and printed <a href="https://www.createspace.com/ ">via createspace</a>. the <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ _describing_data_patterns._a_general_deconstruction_of_metadata_standards">full pdf</a> has already been <a href="http://d-nb.info/ ">archived</a> as cc-by-sa, but a paper print may still be nice and more handy (it&# ;s printed as small paperback instead of the large a -pdf). you can get a copy for . € or . € <a href="http://amzn.com/ ">via amazon</a> (isbn - - - ).</p> <p>i also set up a little website at <b><a href="http://aboutdata.org/">aboutdata.org</a></b>. the site contains an html view of <a href="http://aboutdata.org/patterns.html">the pattern language</a> that i developed as one result of the thesis.</p> <p>i am sorry for not having written the thesis in pandoc markdown but in latex (source code <a href="https://github.com/jakobib/phdthesis ">available at github</a>), so there is no epub/html version.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /my-phd-thesis-about-data/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /my-phd-thesis-about-data/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[on the way to a library ontology]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /on-the-way-to-a-library-ontology/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="daia" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="dso" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="library" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="paia" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="semantic web" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="ssso" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[i have been working for some years on specification and implementation of several apis and exchange formats for data used in, and provided by libraries. unfortunately most existing library standards are either fuzzy, complex, and misused (such as marc ), or limited to bibliographic data or authority data, or both. libraries, however, are much more than [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /on-the-way-to-a-library-ontology/"><![cdata[<p>i have been working for some years on specification and implementation of several apis and exchange formats for data used in, and provided by libraries. unfortunately most existing library standards are either fuzzy, complex, and misused (such as marc ), or limited to bibliographic data or authority data, or both. libraries, however, are much more than bibliographic data &# ; they involve library patrons, library buildings, library services, library holdings, library databases etc.</p> <p>during the work on formats and apis for these parts of library world, <a href="http://purl.org/ontology/paia">patrons account information api</a> (paia) being the newest piece, i found myself more and more on the way to a whole library ontology. the idea of a library ontology <a href="http://wiki.code lib.org/index.php?title=library_ontology&# ;oldid= ">started in </a> (now moved to <a href="https://gist.github.com/nichtich/ ">this location</a>) but designing such a broad data model from bottom would surely have lead to yet another complex, impractical and unused library standard. meanwhile there are several smaller ontologies for parts of the library world, to be combined and used as linked open data.</p> <p>in my opinion, ontologies, rdf, semantic web, linked data and all the buzz is is overrated, but it includes some opportunities for clean data modeling and data integration, which one rarely finds in library data. for this reason i try to design all apis and formats at least compatible with rdf. for instance the <a href="http://purl.org/net/daia">document availability information api</a> (daia), created in (and now <a href="http://gbv.github.io/daiaspec/daia.html#status-of-this-document">being slightly redesigned</a> for version . ) can be accessed in xml and in json format, and both can fully be mapped to rdf. other micro-ontologies include:</p> <ul> <li><b><a href="http://gbv.github.io/dso/">document service ontology</a> (dso)</b> defines typical document-related services such as loan, presentation, and digitization</li> <li><b><a href="http://purl.org/ontology/ssso">simple service status ontology</a> (ssso)</b> defines a service instance as kind of event that connects a service provider (e.g. a library) with a service consumer (e.g. a library patron). ssso further defines typical <a href="http://gbv.github.io/ssso/ssso.html#service-status">service status</a> (e.g. reserved, prepared, executed&# ;) and limitations of a service (e.g. a waiting queue or a delay</li> <li><b><a href="http://purl.org/ontology/paia">patrons account information api </a> (paia)</b> will include a mapping to rdf to express basic <a href="http://gbv.github.io/paia/paia.html#patron">patron information</a>, <a href="http://gbv.github.io/paia/paia.html#fees">fees</a>, and a list of current services in a patron account, based on ssso and dso.</li> <li><b><a href="http://gbv.github.io/daiaspec/">document availability information api</a> (daia)</b> includes a mapping to rdf to express the current availability of library holdings for selected services. <a href="http://gbv.github.io/daiaspec/daia.html#relevant-differences-to-daia- . ">see here</a> for the current draft.</li> <li>a <b>holdings ontology</b> should define properties to relate holdings (or parts of holdings) to abstract documents and editions and to holding institutions.</li> <li><a href="http://purl.org/ontology/gbv/">gbv ontology</a> contains several concepts and relations used in gbv library network that do not fit into other ontologies (yet).</li> <li>one might further create a <a href="http://uri.gbv.de/database/ontology.html">database ontology</a> to describe library databases with their provider, extent apis etc. &# ; right now we use the gbv ontology for this purpose. is there anything to reuse instead of creating just another ontology?!</li> </ul> <p>the next step will probably creation of a <b>small holdings ontology</b> that nicely fits to the other micro-ontologies. this ontology should be aligned or compatible with the <a href="http://bibframe.org/">bibframe</a> initiative, other ontologies such as <a href="http://schema.org">schema.org</a>, and existing holding formats, without becoming too complex. the german initiative dini-kim has just launched a <a href="https://wiki.dnb.de/display/diniagkim/bestandsdaten+gruppe">a working group</a> to define such holding format or ontology.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /on-the-way-to-a-library-ontology/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /on-the-way-to-a-library-ontology/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[dead end electronic resource citation (erc)]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /dead-end-electronic-resource-citation-erc/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="citation" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="identifier" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="standards" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[tidying up my phd notes, i found this short rant about &# ;electronic resource citation&# ;. i have not used it anywhere, so i publish it here, licensed under cc-by-sa. electronic resource citation (erc) was introduced by john kunze with a presentation at the international conference on dublin core and metadata applications and with a paper [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /dead-end-electronic-resource-citation-erc/"><![cdata[<p><i>tidying up my phd notes, i found this short rant about &# ;electronic resource citation&# ;. i have not used it anywhere, so i publish it here, licensed under cc-by-sa.</i></p> <p><b>electronic resource citation (erc)</b> was introduced by <a href="http://dot.ucop.edu/home/jak/">john kunze</a> with a presentation at the international conference on dublin core and metadata applications and with <a href="http://journals.tdl.org/jodi/index.php/jodi/article/view/ ">a paper</a> in the journal of digital information, vol. , no ( ). kunze cited his paper in a call for an erc interest group within the dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) <a href="http://www.rice.edu/perl lib/archives/ - /msg .html">at the perl lib mailing list</a>, giving the following example of an erc:</p> <pre>
 erc: kunze, john a. | a metadata kernel for electronic permanence
 | | http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/articles/v /i /kunze/
 </pre> <p>an erc is a minimal &# ;kernel&# ; metadata record that consist of four elements: who, what, when and where. in the given example they are:</p> <pre>
 who: kunze, john a.
 what: a metadata kernel for electronic permanence
 when: 
 where: http://jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk/articles/v /i /kunze/
 </pre> <p>ironically the given url is obsolete, the host &# ;jodi.ecs.soton.ac.uk&# ; does not even exist anymore. the erc is pretty useless if it just uses a fragile url to cite a resource. how about some value that does not change over time, e.g:</p> <pre>
 where: journal of digital information, volume issue 
 </pre> <p>as erc is defined as &# ;a location or machine-oriented identifier&# ;, one could also use <em>stable</em> identifiers:</p> <pre>
 where: issn - , article no. 
 </pre> <p>both issn and article numbers are much more identifiers then urls. citing an url is more like</p> <pre>
 where: at the desk in the little reading room of my library
 </pre> <p>by the way the current location is <a href="http://jodi.tamu.edu/articles/v /i /kunze/">http://www.rice.edu/perl lib/archives/ - /msg .html</a> &# ; but who knows whether texas a&# ;m university will still host the journal at this url in years?</p> <p>there are some interesting ideas in the original erc proposal (different kinds of missing values, temper date values, the four questions etc.), but its specification and implementation are just ridiculous and missing references to current technology (you know that you are doing something wrong in specification if you start to define your own encodings for characters, dates etc. instead of concentrating to your core subject and refering to existing specifications for the rest). the <a href="http://dot.ucop.edu/specs/ercspec.html">current draft</a> ( ) is a typical example of badly mixing modeling and encoding issues and of loosing touch with existing, established data standards.</p> <p>in addition to problems at the &# ;low level&# ; of encoding, the &# ;high level&# ; of conceptual modeling lacks appropriate references. what about the relation of erc concepts to models such as frbr and cidoc-crm? why are &# ;who&# ;, &# ;when&# ;, &# ;where&# ;, &# ;what&# ; the important metadata fields (in many cases the most interesting question is &# ;why&# ;)? how about ranganathan&# ;s colon classification with personality, matter, energy, space, and time?</p> <p>in summary the motivation behind erc contains some good ideas, but its form is misdirected.</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /dead-end-electronic-resource-citation-erc/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /dead-end-electronic-resource-citation-erc/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 		<entry> 		<author> 			<name>jakob</name> 					</author> 		<title type="html"><![cdata[access to library accounts for better user experience]]></title> 		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /access-to-library-accounts-for-better-user-experience/" /> 		<id>http://jakoblog.de/?p= </id> 		<updated> - - t : : z</updated> 		<published> - - t : : z</published> 		<category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="en" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="api" /><category scheme="http://jakoblog.de" term="paia" />		<summary type="html"><![cdata[i just stumbled upon readersfirst, a coalition of (public) libraries that call for a better user experience for library patrons, especially to access e-books. the libraries regret that the products currently offered by e-content distributors, the middlemen from whom libraries buy e-books, create a fragmented, disjointed and cumbersome user experience. one of the explicit goals [&# ;]]]></summary> 		<content type="html" xml:base="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /access-to-library-accounts-for-better-user-experience/"><![cdata[<p>i just stumbled upon <a href="http://readersfirst.org/">readersfirst</a>, a coalition of (public) libraries that call for a better user experience for library patrons, especially to access e-books. the libraries regret that</p> <blockquote><p>the products currently offered by e-content distributors, the middlemen from whom libraries buy e-books, create a fragmented, disjointed and cumbersome user experience.</p></blockquote> <p>one of the explicit goals of readersfirst is to urge providers of e-content and integrated library systems for systems that allow users to</p> <blockquote><p>place holds, check-out items, view availability, manage fines and receive communications within individual library catalogs or in the venue the library believes will serve them best, without having to visit separate websites.</p></blockquote> <p>in a <a href="http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/pwxyz/ / / /at-ala-readersfirst-moves-forward-a-notch/">summary of the first readersfirst meeting</a> at january , the president of queens library (ny) is cited with the following request:</p> <blockquote><p>the reader should be able to look at their library account and see what they have borrowed regardless of the vendor that supplied the ebook.</p></blockquote> <p>this goal matches well with my activity at gbv: as part of a project to implement a mobile library app, i designed an <b>api to access library accounts</b>. the <a href="http://gbv.github.com/paia/paia.html">patrons account information api (paia)</a> is current being implemented and tested by two independent developers. it will also be used to provide a better user experience in vufind discovery interfaces.</p> <p>during the research for paia i was surprised by the lack of existing methods to access library patron accounts. some library systems not even provide an <em>internal</em> api to connect to the loan system &# ; not to speak of a <em>public</em> api that could directly be used by patrons and third parties. the only example i could find was york university libraries with a <a href="http://www.library.yorku.ca/cms/web/docs/apis/">simple, xml-based, read-only api</a>. this lack of public apis to library patron accounts is disappointing, given that its almost ten years after the buzz around web . , service oriented architecture, and mashups. all all major providers of web applications (google, twitter, facebook, stackexchange, github etc.) support access to user accounts via apis. </p> <p>the patrons account information api will hopefully fill this gap with defined methods to place holds and to view checked out items and fines. papi is agnostic to specific library systems, aligned with similar apis as listed above, and designed with rdf in mind (without any need to bother with rdf, apart from the requirement to use uris as identifiers). <a href="http://gbv.github.com/paia/">feedback and implementations</a> are very welcome!</p> ]]></content> 			<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /access-to-library-accounts-for-better-user-experience/#comments" thr:count=" "/> 		<link rel="replies" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://jakoblog.de/ / / /access-to-library-accounts-for-better-user-experience/feed/atom/" thr:count=" "/> 		<thr:total> </thr:total> 		</entry> 	</feed> » paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	 jodischneider.com/blog 	 reading, technology, stray thoughts 	 	blog 	about categories 	 	argumentative discussions 	books and reading 	computer science 	firefox 	future of publishing 	higher education 	information ecosystem 	information quality lab news 	intellectual freedom 	ios: ipad, iphone, etc. 	library and information science 	math 	old newspapers 	phd diary 	programming 	random thoughts 	reviews 	scholarly communication 	semantic web 	social semantic web 	social web 	uncategorized search 	paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	december rd, by jodi 		 jodi schneider’s information quality lab (http://infoqualitylab.org) seeks a graduate hourly student for a research project on bias in citation networks. biased citation benefits authors in the short-term by bolstering grants and papers, making them more easily accepted. however, it can have severe negative consequences for scientific inquiry. our goal is to find quantitative measures of network structure that can indicate the existence of citation bias.  this job starts january , . pay depending on experience (master’s students start at $ /hour). optionally, the student can also take a graduate independent study course (generally - credits is or info ). apply on handshake responsibilities will include: 	assist in the development of algorithms to simulate an unbiased network 	carry out statistical significance tests for candidate network structure measures 	attend weekly meetings 	assist with manuscript and grant preparation required skills 	proficiency in python or r 	demonstrated ability to systematically approach a simulation or modeling problem 	statistical knowledge, such as developed in a course on mathematical statistics and probability (e.g. stat statistics and probability i https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) preferred skills 	 knowledge of stochastic processes 	experience with simulation 	knowledge of random variate generation and selection of input probability distribution 	knowledge of network analysis 	may have taken classes such as stat stochastic processes (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) or ie advanced topics in stochastic processes & applications (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /fall/ie/ ) more information: https://ischool.illinois.edu/people/jodi-schneider http://infoqualitylab.org application deadline: monday december th. apply on handshake with the following application materials: 	resume 	transcript – such as free university of illinois academic history from banner self-service (https://apps.uillinois.edu, click “registration & records”, “student records and transcripts”, “view academic history”, choose “web academic history”) 	cover letter: just provide short answers to the following two questions: ) why are you interested in this particular project? ) what past experience do you have that is related to this project?  		tags: citation bias, jobs, network analysis, statistical modeling posted in information quality lab news | comments ( ) 			 no comments yet 	 	leave a reply 	 	 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * comment name * email * website save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time i comment. 		 			 				 				authenticate this comment using openid.			 		 		 		 	 	this site uses akismet to reduce spam. learn how your comment data is processed. 	 	 	 	 recent posts 	 	paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	avoiding long-haul air travel during the covid- pandemic 	paid undergraduate research position at uiuc for fall & spring 	#shutdownstem #strike blacklives #shutdownacademia 	qotd: storytelling in protest and politics 	 	 monthly 	 	december 	october 	august 	june 	march 	 	 meta 	 	log in 	valid xhtml 	xfn 	wordpress wordpress powers jodischneider.com/blog. layers theme designed by jai pandya. skip to content 	 who we are mission 	leadership 	our boards 	impact 	awards 	affiliate organizations 	highlights 	history meet the master behind our digital mural andrea morris, visual communications manager here at wgbh, has been programming our digital mural for the past six years. we sat down with her to learn more about the important work she does to engage with our community on the big screen. 	 what we do journalism 	education 	science 	history 	arts & culture 	accessibility 	archives did you catch the work of wgbh's media access group at the oscars? wgbh's media access group (mag) captioned and/or described of this year's oscar-nominated films, making them accessible to the million 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services 	production group 	accessibility services 	social media 	contractors & vendors 	renting facilities contact us 	support 	donate 	archives donate 	 who we are mission 	leadership 	our boards 	impact 	awards 	affiliate organizations 	highlights 	history meet the master behind our digital mural andrea morris, visual communications manager here at wgbh, has been programming our digital mural for the past six years. we sat down with her to learn more about the important work she does to engage with our community on the big screen. 	 what we do journalism 	education 	science 	history 	arts & culture 	accessibility 	archives did you catch the work of wgbh's media access group at the oscars? wgbh's media access group (mag) captioned and/or described of this year's oscar-nominated films, making them accessible to the million americans who are hearing-impaired. 	 where we are television 	radio 	podcasts 	online 	apps 	social media 	emerging platforms 	events 	studios local fourth graders have questions about the government shutdown; wgbh news has answers what began as a twitter exchange about the government shutdown resulted in a class of local fourth graders visiting the wgbh newsroom in boston's brighton neighborhood. 	 tune-in 	 careers opportunities 	culture 	internships 	featured jobs employment opportunities join the dedicated employees who bring their best to wgbh, day after day. 	 support the campaign 	membership levels 	major gifts 	more ways to support the campaign for wgbh the media landscape is shifting. audiences are changing. in other words, it is the perfect moment for wgbh to once again show the way forward for public media in america. please join with us as we solidify our leadership in the digital century. 	 press room 	news 	press releases 	reports & filings 	awards 	digital mural services 	production group 	accessibility services 	social media 	contractors & vendors 	renting facilities contact us 	support 	donate 	archives donate search http://www.wgbh.org/authenticate/login ncam / cadet cadet 				 				caption and description editing tool download cadet and read the installation instructions now! the national center for accessible media at wgbh (ncam) has developed cadet (caption and description editing tool), partially funded by a grant from the massachusetts attorney general's office. cadet is free, downloadable caption-authoring software that enables anyone to produce high-quality caption files that are compatible with any media player that supports the display of captions. cadet can also be used to generate audio-description scripts. cadet does not require an internet connection in order to operate: it runs locally in any web browser, so users do not need to upload private videos or proprietary content to servers or video-hosting sites in order to create captions. until now there has been no straightforward, inexpensive offline caption-editing software for creating post-production online captions or audio-description scripts. although automated speech-to-text captioning is widely available for user-generated and professionally produced online videos, its high frequency of spelling errors and missing punctuation, and even occasional obscenities, does not provide reliable access for any users. unfortunately, many videos remain inaccessible as a result of missing or poor-quality captions. cadet implements all of the basic features necessary to creating high-quality captions, plus many of the functions available only in high-end caption-authoring workstations. cadet allows users to... 	create captions for video formats that play natively in browsers (e.g., mp , m v); 	import plain-text transcripts for editing and timing; 	transcribe caption text directly into the caption editor; 	edit, style and time captions; 	import existing caption files (webvtt, srt, ttml, qttext) for clean-up, editing or re-timing; 	export caption files in common formats, including webvtt, srt, ttml, qttext and sami, as well as plain-text scripts. cadet builds on the success of magpie (originally released in ), the first do-it-yourself captioning application to be made available on the internet. both cadet and magpie were created by staff at wgbh, where broadcast captioning was invented in . unlike other captioning applications, cadet was created by developers with unique knowledge gained from years of research and development into caption technology. system requirements 	the following software is required to use cadet: 		any os which supports node.js: e.g., microsoft windows ( -/ -bit versions e.g. win , win , win , etc.) or macintosh os x. 	node.js 	a modern web browser (i.e., one that supports html , such as internet explorer, edge, firefox, chrome or safari). download cadet now, then follow the installation instructions for your operating system. cadet help you can get help with cadet in the following ways: 		read the help documentation that will walk you through the basics of captioning with cadet. 	join the cadet user group, the primary means of communication between users and the cadet development team. this is where you can go to get help from other cadet users, as well as report problems and request new features. 	head over to the cadet tutorials for examples and tips on how to use cadet's many features. we show you how to install cadet, create captions, and much more. back to ncam 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 					 						 							 								 watch 							 								 listen 							 						 					 					 						 							 								 	 navigate 	home 	who we are 	what we do 	where we are 	support 	careers 	tune-in 							 								 	 	press room 	reports & filings 	services 	contact us 							 						 					 				 				 					 						 							 what's on our digital mural today? learn more 						 					 				 				 					 						 							 								 	 connect with wgbh 	 	 	 							 						 					 					 						 							 								 our partners 	 	 	 							 						 					 				 			 			 				 					 						wgbh 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say ‘do we have ’em?’ you’ll say, ‘yeah man.’ … tagged with: / category: christmas parody / leave a comment it’s the best library time of the year posted on dec by andrew k. pace (sung to the tune of “it’s the most wonderful time of the year”)  press play to sing along with the instrumental track! it’s the best library time of the year with no more children yelling and no one is telling you “get it in gear!” it’s the best library time of the year it’s the qui-quietest season at school only smile-filled greetings and no more dull meetings where bosses are cruel it’s the qui-quietest season at school there’ll be books for re-stocking vendor end-of-year-hawking and overdue fine cash for beer send the word out to pre-schools drag queen visit … tagged with: / category: christmas parody / leave a comment maybe it’s books we need posted on dec by andrew k. pace [i figured this was a song in desperate need of some new lyrics. sung to the tune of baby it’s cold outside. you’re gonna want to grab a singing partner and use the instrumental track for this one!] (listen to the track while you sing!) i really must binge (but maybe it’s books we need) you mustn’t infringe (it’s definitely books we need) this season has been (reading will make you grin) so fun to watch (i’ll hold the remote, you hold my scotch) my netflix queue scrolls forever (mystery, poems, whichever) and stranger things won’t just watch itself (grab … tagged with: / category: christmas parody / comment 	 		posts navigation 		 … next 	 			 			about 				a blog and its author 			 search the archive 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 archives 		archives 		select month december  ( ) december  ( ) december  ( ) july  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) february  ( ) december  ( ) november  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) august  ( ) may  ( ) december  ( ) october  ( ) september  ( ) july  ( ) april  ( ) march  ( ) january  ( ) december  ( ) june  ( ) april  ( ) december  ( ) october  ( ) august  ( ) july  ( ) june  ( 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of time and leisure 	 	 	 	 		 		 romance day the four day week is both an attractive demand and a realistic utopia, an acheivable measure any of us could feasibly gain, and with it, improve our lives. but wait! our society’s totalising culture of shouting-productivity and management will strike back with demands of its own: 	“managers need to be comfortable that these hours are being used for that particular purpose (of passion) and not to do chores, or to work on your own little start-up [or] business when not explicitly stated,” she says. absolutely no. we can all imagine the kind of management where the tradeoff for a four-day week—or any other arrangement of increasing leisure—is increasing intrusion of management onto recreation time. we’ve all heard of the (in theory) rather nice arrangements where software developers in major firms are given company time to work on open-source projects; we all know about lawyers and professionals working pro bono. this isn’t that, this is colonisation of private time. one person’s ‘romance day’ of fulfilling tasks and self-actualisation can so easily turn to hr measuring those things against firm profitability. clocking off should be exactly, and completely, that. « the elite's many virtues / chainsaws » september liam hogan work, leisure add a comment commenting is closed for this article. 				 	 	 	 			 			home 			 		 	 			 			about 			 		 	 			» 			articles 			 					 					 					delivery 				 	 					 					church 				 	 					 					courtiers 				 	 					 					chainsaws 				 	 					› 					romance day 				 	 					 					the elite's many virtues 				 	 					 					in praise of corruption 				 	 					 					what i'm reading: depression and the cia's cameras 				 	 					 					six vehicle ferries 				 	 					 					plants 				 			 		 	 			 			contact 			 		 		search this site 			recent comments 	dylwah (six vehicle ferries) 	liam (plants) 	liam (what i'm reading—monotype and fossils) 	ben harris-roxas (what i'm reading—monotype 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abruptly, you’re told—you can’t go home. you’re no longer a visitor. you are now a resident. this place where you were so comfortable and relaxed as a tourist? you have to live and work here now. for many students, professors, teachers, and researchers forced by the covid- pandemic to work at home full-time, all the time, that’s what has happened. they went from being skilled digital visitors to unwilling digital residents. washed up on the shores of zoom my colleagues and i have been researching and writing on the topic of “digital visitors and residents” for many years now. it’s a simple concept to define, but with many deep implications for how we approach library research, teaching, and scholarship. if you want a fun, quick introduction, i suggest you try out the interactive “mapping app” we put together. at its most fundamental level, though, what we know is this: people approach some digital tools and spaces as visitors and others as residents. a student, for example, may use email almost exclusively for classwork and to get messages from faculty and only when absolutely necessary. for her, that is a “digital visitor” activity. likewise, she may use youtube for study, to upload videos for friends and family, and to watch entertainment and news. she’s very comfortable with it in all aspects of her life. so, for her, she is a “digital resident” of youtube. many of us are hybrids—in some situations we may be digital visitors while in other situations we are digital residents. the new model library. welcome home. #oclcnext click to tweet just like tourists mix and mingle with the locals, digital visitors’ and residents’ online lives overlap all the time, of course. but—again, the similarity is striking—just like with real life tourists and locals. passing through a lovely seaside town to go surfing for a week in july is very different from living there all winter. what we found during the covid- crisis was that many, many people working in education and libraries and many of the communities they served were forced to switch, very quickly, from using digital tools as visitors to adopting them as residents. in some cases, these were tools and processes that some librarians had been pushing for years. but, to be honest, in some cases these tools and processes had been avoided. “if we weren’t pushed, we would be doing smoke signals with the students.” ~ head librarian, community college, north america and how many stories have we heard—funny, sad, frustrating, and sweet—about professors, students, library users, and staff—trying to make all this “new” technology work during the past few months? how many zoom meeting horror (or comedy) stories have you heard? these are the frustrations of a group of people trying to accommodate new digital lives using a set of tools they’d packed for a vacation. but now they have to live here. and where can they turn to understand the transition? who can help them go from visitors to residents when it comes to understanding these important shifts? welcome to the new model library. a project that provides the oclc research team an opportunity to discuss with global library leaders the changes that were made in library practices and policies to accommodate their communities during the covid- pandemic. and where library leaders can also reflect on how a new model library could evolve beyond these changes. we are guides, cartographers, and hosts librarians have been doing this for decades. maybe forever, depending on how you look at it. when there are new “containers” for information, we’re there helping both visitors and residents figure out how to use them. for people in my generation, the library often was the first place where we used a copier, printer, or videotape player. for many others, it was—and sometimes still is—the only place where they could go to get access to a computer and, later, the internet. we know that many students and users don’t care which “container” their content comes in. they often can’t recognize if a quote, fact, study, or paragraph came from a reputable article, database, primary source document, book, magazine, or out-of-date journal. they just want a citation they can use in their final paper, and they want it now. library staff and educators have had to do as much work educating about the telltale signs of epitext and peritext as they do the technical tangles of log-ins and boolean search parameters. “before that [the pandemic] library [was] just a building, now they know the contents of the library, what we have online in the library. access to libraries has increased a great deal during [the] pandemic; students realize importance of [the] library. hope that continues.” ~ university librarian, research library, asia pacific we know how to help evaluate the needs of individual digital novices, get them to the right tools and resources, provide good maps, and establish them as successful digital residents or visitors—whichever is appropriate for them—in their journeys. what we haven’t done before is deal with a wave of forced resettlement on a scale like that of a world-changing geological event, massive drought, or … global pandemic. the new model library that’s what i and some of my colleagues are calling a library that is, first and foremost, an institution built for digital natives … and for those who have washed up on this shore, or who came as tourists and are now being asked to stay. whatever happens after covid- , we know that a large number of these new, “mandatory digital residents” will not be moving back. they might not be comfortable doing so much online at first. but their jobs, their schools, their universities will require it, and will provide more digital options. they will want—and need—libraries that support them in this new land. “i think that is the beauty of virtual—it is much easier to share. i think that will become more prevalent going forward.”  ~ chief executive officer, large metropolitan public library in north america and for some of them, the library will be the only place where they will be fully, digitally “at home.” we already are seeing new cracks in the digital divide. laptops, smartphones, and home wi-fi that may work fine for casual or entertainment purposes … that may work for one adult for checking email or minimal web surfing … will not be enough to support a full family of digital residents. these individuals may need to “live” at your library for a time. not literally, of course. because we’re talking about “digital residents.” but we all knew children—maybe you were that child—who didn’t have access to books at home. and we say of them, lovingly, that they “lived at the library” when they were young. that will hold true for some of these new digital residents at the new model library. they will find their home with you as they learn to navigate a world where school, work, and life are more online than ever before. this is, i believe, a wonderful opportunity for us. “getting embedded in the lms [learning management system] makes it clear that the library isn’t just some place over there if that is in fact what some students still think—the library is all around us. it is here; it is wherever you need to be; it’s wherever you are. so, as long as they are online.” ~ university librarian, four-year college library, north america we can learn from many of the changes that were forced on us because of covid- . we can make transitions to longer term, positive transformations. the library leaders we’re in discussion with are sharing how they think the new model library might emerge. a report of these discussions and this vision will be available later in . we already are very good at these things. we are good at sharing. we are good at learning. we are good at virtual and electronic. now, we just have to be even better and more purposeful as we help these new residents find their place. they only packed for a vacation. they weren’t prepared for this. but we are. the post the new model library. welcome home. appeared first on oclc next. by lynn silipigni connaway, ph.d. at july , : pm july , tsll techscans (technical services law librarians) from cancellations to coding: pandemic-centered tech topics on day two of the obs/ts summit so far, day two of the summit has delivered fantastic programming. i wish i could attend it all! the final virtual event takes place at pm est tonight. this morning my two favorite sessions both dealt with the new realities we are living in post covid- closures, touching on this from the perspective of budget cuts to work from home workarounds. here were my takeaways: 	 	top left to bottom right: gilda chiu-ousland, wendy moore, heather buckwalkter, anne lawless-collins. ts resource management roundtable: budget cuts & collecting pivots i was really on the fence about which of the earliest morning sessions to attend, and i am so glad i selected this one on resource management and collecting pivots. wendy moore from the university of georgia law library led the discussion with a powerful statement that really summarizes the entire roundtable and the timeliness of the topics: "crisis can lead to lots of creativity." what followed were introductions from each of the panelists including heather buckwalter, gilda chiu-ousland, and anna lawless-collins. each shared the state of things at their institution, the fallout from covid- closures including the stopping of shipments and the addition of online study aids and other e-resources to help students and faculty get through a quick pivot to virtual learning, and the budget (if they had %'s or figures yet) that they are each facing for fiscal year and . this session (as with several from day one of the summit) was not recorded to allow attendees to feel more comfortable sharing the details and situations of their library, law school, or larger institution. two polls were executed in the larger zoom room before dividing into smaller groups for more personalized and in depth discussions. the polls were very interesting, revealing many of us still do not know our budget, or have vague %'s that are yet to be approved, and that the majority of us are cutting print journals more than any other area of our collections. in the smaller groups, attendees were better able to share their own situations, including some very creative strategies for how to negotiate with vendors, what data they are using to make those decisions about what and how to cut items from the collection, and what they have already or are planning to cancel to meet the demands of the coming fiscal year. there was a big focus on mitigating expectations of faculty and other stakeholders, and many were open about having these difficult conversations with their faculty members related to monograph acquisitions and with their institutions related to print course reserve materials. overall an excellent program that was really open to sharing their situations so we can all learn from one another and continue best serving our library users. hot topic: technologies we use presented by jesse lambertson, this session was more of an open discussion than a straight-forward presentation. sharing his own library system as the beginning example, lambertson pitched questions to the audience with lively responses in real time and invited members to un-mute and speak to their specific system challenges in the work from home environment. it was really interesting to hear individuals sharing the pros and cons of their various integrated library system platforms once they were catapulted into teleworking. the clear up-side to having a web-based interface was the ease that these librarians and their staff could quickly pivot to working from home without the hassle of using vpn or requiring remote desktop. these included those using tind and alma to name a couple. several of us still working with iii's sierra were able to join in chorus about our struggles in working from home with spotty vpn support and the differences in sierra web as compared to the desktop client. 	 	presenter jesse lambertson screen shares python script snippets hack for working with csv data. for importing and exporting records, both individually or in batches, many hacks were shared including creative ways use marc edit when working from home and the potential for more api's between marc edit and the ils. it is of course that time of year when we are all gathering statistics. with much overlap from the previous session i attended, many of us commented we are accessing collection and user data much more right now to better inform decision making in a time of budget cuts. as a result, further roadblocks and workflow workarounds were discussed for various systems. several attendees shared how they query their system for cataloging and other statistics, the issues they experience in the format of the data they pull out, and the obstacles that come with trying to do this type of work from home or with very limited access to the library. many individuals (myself included!) are periodically retrieving data from their systems, exporting it at txt or csv files, and then taking it home on laptops of flash drives to be able to spend more time with it when teleworking. however, and few shared more innovative approaches to both massaging data as well as collecting and sharing it. lambertson shared a highly creative approach using python scripts to automate certain aspects of the csv to excel conversion of his data. another attendee shared their library's customized google sheets dashboard which pulls data from the ils into the same location as reference transactions statistics (populated by google form responses). a truly fantastic session with lots of open dialogue between attendees. i am so glad i attended and i can't wait to see and hear how the experiential system and data approaches our members are working with now unfold in the coming months and years as access to our offices and systems remains largely unknown during a pandemic. tsll tech scans blog by noreply@blogger.com (unknown) at july , : pm july , tsll techscans (technical services law librarians) functioning at lightspeed: day one of the obs/ts summit & linked data in libraries conference 	 	screenshot from the summit's obs-sis business meeting seriously, how fast is time going by these days? it seems like just yesterday i was attending the work smarter not harder technical services virtual conference from amigos in mid-february, but here we are at the end of july on the heels of aall ! today the first ever summit of our two special interest sections is literally happening as i type this blog post. i could not contain my excitement for the topics covered so far, and felt compelled to go ahead and blog about two of the sessions. to find out more about the summit schedule which is still underway, (including business meetings too!) visit the aall calendar item. a big announcement from the obs-sis business meeting is that the official name of the sis was voted to change to "library systems and resource discovery"! now without delay, here are my two favorites with takeaways: 	facilitating open knowledge: the intersection of wikidata and libraries - presenters shared how "inter-collectional connections broaden the experience to go into parallel and related items". what a fantastic summary of linked data, and wikidata in particular. the hyperlink for this session title will take you to the slides which i highly recommend saving as a resource if you are interested in more wikidata. many slides gave specific examples of using wikidata for legal faculty scholarship.  of course it was noted in the session and from commenters in the q&a that "we’re in the wild west days of wikidata (just like wikipedia used to be - it is very community based)." when considering wikidata, remember that most things in wikipedia are in wiki data, but it is not always true the other way around. the discussion following the presentation focused heavily on "notability". presenters made sure to comment that wikidata allows you to create entries for faculty members that might not make it into wikipedia. questions were asked like "is just being a faculty member enough notability to be in wikidata?" but the goal here is to build a robust citation network in wikidata, adding items to support structure and more. one problem discussed what that not all language versions of wikipedia have embraced wikidata (yet) so the benefit of wikidata is not across the board. presenters also shared about a new wiki-project called wiki abstract which hopes to dynamically pull summaries from wikidata). the biggest takeaway was “notability (wikidata) is not the same as bibliographic warrant (authority control - naco)”. 	 finding the silver lining in system migrations-  what i discovered at the end of this session was that it was originally intended as a large face-to-face program in new orleans had the aall annual meeting and conference not gone virtual. it was planned to be a platform-neutral panel with speakers from a variety of law libraries talking about their migrations. as a result of things going virtual, this smaller session amd the one following it (hot topic/local systems committee meeting making post system migration efficient and effective") covered the same terrain in two slices. there were so many takeaways from this session that i can't possibly share them all here, and even though the two speakers talked primarily about their library platforms, their joint experiences with systems and the discussion from attendees still rounded the session out to include a vareity of platforms including iii to alma, aleph, tind, wms, folio, sirsi, etc. a few of my favorite quotes and lessons from the presenters included: 	you have to always look out for other people (not just the records you touch) 	always draw on the experience of people at other institutions who migrated before you, and don't be afraid to ask them "please help me! how did you do this?" 	you’ve got to build your own team. there’s the team you are forced to be part of (your department, your library, your university, your consortium) and then your own external team. that is the team you can build yourself, where you can gather info about the migration process from those at other institutions, and share it with others like you later after you have gone through it.  	carve out management and leadership opportunities for staff and other librarians  using migration as the backbone, since it is such a major effort, it can be a milestone for any individual's professional growth and take them further in their career.  	turn it into a bootcamp (like a mini day conference) where you are migrating from one platform to another. invite others in your area going through the same process (example was a dc area libraries migrating from sierra to alma).  	know that other things may have to be sacrificed along the way. you will not survive migration if you try to do everything you have always done during a migration (or any other major project). if you’re the manager, you should be shielding your team from the onslaught of "all the things" during a big migration. 	if you keep trying to do it all you will not do any of it very well...and you may not make it. you have to think about prioritizing things in advance. what will you stop or delay to get the new, major work done?  	 years out and many are still cleaning up post-migration data messes. but it becomes the new normal… so it will be ok! 	get to know and use your university it department as much as you can. that has been more helpful for people migrating than their law school's it when there is not an ils expert in your library or a true systems librarian at your library.  	negotiate with staff and librarians to parse out what they really want and need to know how to do (you may need to reference interview the reference librarians!) 	host a series of in-person if you can (or virtual if you can't) sessions to show staff and librarians how to do all the things they need for workflows as a live demo. 	keep track of your training offerings and other documentation so you can show you did your due diligence for your library. also still currently happening throughout this week is tons of programming from the linked data in libraries conference. the entire slate of sessions have been free to attend! you can find the schedule including links to the sessions in sched. you can also find all completed session recordings in the youtube ld playlist. i'm going to embed that below, but first my favorite session (so far) was today's "linked data for sound" session. this excellent live program presented the work of bethany radcliff of the university of texas in austin. she talked about audiannotate, and shared all of the resources related to the project. the session slides are available online, which include links to github and all of the other pieces of this project. it was fascinating to hear how bethany is using linked data in a practical way to make audio more accessible. the tool is also being used by professors as a teaching tool for literary criticism. part of bethany's resources realted to audiannotate include short virtual workshops that show you how to download and use audactiy (one of my personal favorite free audio editing tools!) to make annotations to audio of all kinds. the discussion was interesting and robust too, with attendees speculating how the tool could be expanded and adapted for video, or for non-traditional audio recordings like bird songs. the conversations and discussions are continuing throughout this week on ld 's slack channel. join in if you can, and watch the wide variety of sessions (there are videos and counting!!) that already have recordings available in youtube below:   tsll tech scans blog by noreply@blogger.com (unknown) at july , : pm planet cataloging is an automatically-generated aggregation of blogs related to cataloging and metadata designed and maintained by jennifer w. baxmeyer and kevin s. clarke. please feel free to email us if you think a blog should be added to or removed from this list. authors: if you would prefer your blog not be included here, we will be glad to remove it. please send an email to let us know. subscribe to planet cataloging! blog roll 	 . : the dewey blog 	 bibliographic wilderness 	 blog of the ohio library council technical services division 	 catalogablog 	 cataloger . 	 cataloging futures 	 cataloging thoughts (stephen denney) 	 celeripedean (jennifer eustis) 	 commonplace.net (lukas koster) 	 coyle's information 	 first thus (james weinheimer) 	 hectic pace 	 international society for knowledge organization (isko) uk 	 local weather (matthew beacom) 	 lorcan dempsey's weblog 	 metadata and more (maureen p. walsh) 	 mashcat 	 metadata matters (diane hillmann) 	 metalibrarian 	 oclc next 	 open metadata registry blog 	 organizing stuff 	 outgoing 	 problem cataloger 	 quick t.s. (dodie gaudet) 	 resource description & access (rda) (salman haider) 	 tsll techscans (technical services law librarians) 	 terry's worklog 	 thingology (librarything's ideas blog) 	 universal decimal classification 	 various librarian-like stuff 	 weibel lines 	 work and expression 	 z . .b (www.jenniferbax.net) 	 catalogingrules (amber billey) 	 mod librarian (tracy guza) last updated: december , : pm all times are utc. powered by: mac mini and apple silicon m review: not so crazy after all | ars technica 	 skip to main content 	biz & it 	tech 	science 	policy 	cars 	gaming & culture 	store 	forums subscribe close navigate 	store 	subscribe 	videos 	features 	reviews 	rss feeds 	mobile site 	about ars 	staff directory 	contact us 	advertise with ars 	reprints filter by topic 	biz & it 	tech 	science 	policy 	cars 	gaming & culture 	store 	forums settings front page layout grid list site theme black on white white on black sign in comment activity sign up or login to join the discussions! stay logged in | having trouble? sign up to comment and more sign up apple m — mac mini and apple silicon m review: not so crazy after all the m is amazingly fast. more importantly, it's a compatibility slam dunk. samuel axon - nov , : pm utc reader comments with posters participating, including story author share this story 	share on facebook 	share on twitter 	share on reddit 	 the , m -equipped mac mini. samuel axon 	 the chassis is the same as before, but it's only available in classic mac silver. samuel axon 	 the rubber bottom. samuel axon apple is crazy, right? the mac just had its best year of sales ever, and cupertino is hitting the platform with a shock like it hasn’t had in nearly years—back in a time when the mac was not having such a good year. apple is beginning the process of replacing industry-standard intel chips with its own, custom-designed silicon. in a way, we're not just reviewing the new mac mini—a mac mini is always a mac mini, right? we're reviewing an arm-based mac for the first time. and this is not exactly the same story as all the other arm machines we've looked at before, like windows on arm—a respectable option with some serious tradeoffs. sure, longer battery life and quick waking from sleep are already out there on other arm computers. but as you may have seen in our hands-on earlier this week, what we're encountering here is also a performance leap—and as you'll also see in this review, a remarkable success at making this new architecture compatible with a large library of what could now, suddenly, be called legacy mac software. not everything is perfect; we'll talk about ios apps on the mac and some other problems, too. but if this mac mini proves anything, it's that apple was not, in fact, crazy. the m makes apple's strategy seem soberingly sane. table of contents 	 specifications 	 design 	 a few frustrating limitations 	 apple m 	 native apple silicon apps 	 running x apps 	 rosetta 	 what about windows? 	 running ios and ipados apps 	 performance 	 the mac's future is looking bright 	 the good 	 the bad 	 the ugly specifications apple mac mini ( ) with apple m chip 	 from $ at apple 	 from $ at amazon (ars technica may earn compensation for sales from links on this post through affiliate programs.) the big news specs-wise, of course, is the m system-on-a-chip. the m  is an -core cpu with four performance and four efficiency cores, as well as an -core gpu and a -core neural engine for on-device machine-learning tasks. based on an arm instruction set, it’s the first apple-designed cpu and gpu for the mac. for well over a decade, apple’s laptops have had intel cpus and either intel, nvidia, or amd graphics. the transition away from that status quo starts here. there’s much more to talk about on that front, of course—but let’s get the other specs out of the way first. by default, the mac mini ships with gb of ram, but that can be upgraded to gb. that’s a lot less than the gb cap in the intel mac mini, but, for now, that intel mac mini still exists in apple’s lineup. currently, apple has only replaced its very bottom-end machines with apple silicon variants. it looks like we’re going to be waiting a while before we get beefier versions with more ram and more ports (the m mac mini and -inch macbook pro each only have two thunderbolt ports, rather than four)—which is a very real bummer for a lot of people. likewise, solid-state storage starts at gb, but you can go to gb, or even tb or tb. doubling the ram adds $ to the purchase price, while going to tb of storage from the base gb configuration more than doubles the cost of the device. that storage bump is the main reason our review unit's purchase price is so much higher than the base. 	specs at a glance: mac mini 	os	macos big sur . . 	cpu	apple m 	ram	 gb 	gpu	apple m 	hdd	 tb ssd 	networking	wi-fi ; bluetooth . 	ports	 x thunderbolt , x usb-a, . mm headphone, hdmi, gigabit ethernet 	warranty	 year, or years with applecare+ 	price as reviewed	$ , the mac mini has a built-in speaker—which might be a little surprising for a computer like this—but it does not have a built-in microphone. the speaker is bad, frankly; it sounds like an old macbook air speaker with the lid closed. there is a . mm headphone jack, though. other ports include two thunderbolt /usb . , two usb-a, ethernet, and hdmi. advertisement in terms of wireless, you get wi-fi and bluetooth . . the box doesn’t include much—just a power cord and the computer itself. you’ll obviously need to buy a display, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and headphones separately. again, the apple adage that the cost balloons as you add essentials holds true here as ever. as the name suggests, the mac mini has a very low footprint. it measures . × . × . inches ( . × . × . centimeters) and weighs . pounds ( . kilograms). further reading hands-on with the apple m —a seriously fast x competitor [updated] it comes in two default configurations. the first starts at $ and includes gb of ram and gb of storage. the second ups the starting price to $ and simply boosts the storage to gb. the base configuration here is $ less than the previous mac mini, which is nice to see. again, apple still sells an intel-based mac mini alongside this one, with a -core . ghz intel core i , intel uhd graphics, gb of ram, and gb of solid-state storage. nothing has changed for the intel version of the device this year, though, so we won’t be going into that. design if you liked how the last mac mini looked, you’ll like this one, too: nothing has changed. for that reason, we won’t spend too much time on the aesthetics in this review. as before, the mac mini prioritizes a very low profile. it’s essentially a laptop without a screen inside a . × . -inch square. it looks nice but unassuming. it has that classic mac silver color, whereas its predecessor was gray. the ports are all on the back, so it should play nice with most cable management solutions. a few frustrating limitations before we get into the good news—basically anything related to m performance and software support—let’s go over some really frustrating choices apple has made regarding ports and peripherals. as noted above, the ram and storage configurations don’t reach as far as the intel mac mini’s do, and that also extends to ports. two thunderbolt ports is just okay, to be honest, even though there are also two usb-a ports on top of that. at least it's not the new m macbook air or -inch macbook pro, which are both limited to two thunderbolt ports total. the mac mini can only drive two displays at a time, and one of those has to be over hdmi. since that hdmi port is hdmi . , it doesn’t have the throughput to handle k at hz, or k at hz. there aren’t many monitors like that now, but there increasingly will be over the next few years. generally, we like our machines to stand the test of time. neither the mac mini nor any of its m brethren supports external gpus. that’s pretty disappointing, and it calls into question apple’s push for egpus over the past few years. it wasn’t long ago at all that apple was signaling that egpus were the future of mac graphics performance. now it’s not clear that they’ll be part of the mac experience at all. enlarge / the ports on the back of the mac mini. samuel axon additionally, some people have used the mac mini as a file server. many of them are probably going to want to stick with intel for now, as the m mac mini only has a gigabit ethernet port, whereas the intel mac mini is configurable to have a gb port. advertisement apple sees this initial volley of apple silicon devices as the bottom end of its lineup. so we’re in a very odd situation right now where if you want the cutting edge of performance, you have to choose low-end mac configuration options. if you want lots of ports and ram, you have to stick with intel for now. that's very likely going to change with the introduction of more expensive macs with a faster, hypothetical m x chip or something like that—but we have no idea yet when that’s going to happen. we only know that, eventually, it will. apple m with that out of the way, it’s time for the good stuff. as noted above, the mac mini (and its new macbook air and -inch macbook pro siblings) has apple’s m system-on-a-chip, which includes an -core gpu, a cpu with four performance and four efficiency cores, a -core neural processing unit (npu) called the neural engine, and a whole bunch of other stuff. built on the arm instruction set architecture (arm isa), the m features billion transistors and was manufactured in a nm process. according to apple, each performance core in the m qualifies as the world’s fastest cpu core to date, while the efficiency cores match the performance of some recent intel macs. we read each of the four performance cores as having a clock speed of . ghz, and while the iphone and ipad’s a chip has mb of l cache, the m ’s performance cores get mb. unlike some previous chip designs, all the performance and efficiency cores can be utilized at once, though there are signs that it gets a little more complicated when it comes to the cache. enlarge apple claims that the m can achieve its strong performance in part because of its unified memory architecture (uma), which allows the cpu and gpu to both easily access relevant data without having to slow things down by copying it around. we’ll talk specific performance testing and results soon, but spoiler alert: the m is quite fast. that’s especially true for graphics compared to intel’s graphics solutions (which seem unworthy to even be mentioned in the same category as what the m offers). these improvements are thanks to all of the above, plus techniques like tile-based deferred rendering and apple’s proprietary metal graphics api, which has been designed to take advantage of this architecture. this has gotten less attention, but the m contains a bunch of other stuff besides the elephants-in-the-die that are the cpu, gpu, and npu. it has the secure enclave, apple’s encrypted tool for handling sensitive data on device. it has an image signal processor, which isn’t super relevant on the camera-less mac mini, but it reportedly improves facetime camera quality on the laptops. the m also includes a storage controller and hardware for driving encryption, among other things. further reading imac pro review: working as intended in , apple introduced the t chip on the imac pro, and it went to most other macs over the next couple of years. the t handled security features and various other things like some of what we just listed above, and we speculated when it was first introduced that it might be a predecessor to apple’s eventual mac soc plans. it turns out we (and everyone else who picked up on that pretty obvious clue) were right. as such, the new m macs don’t have t chips. it’s all on the m now. of course, a change in architecture suggests all sorts of compatibility headaches with older software, to say the least. the m can’t natively run apps made for intel-based macs. but surprisingly, that ends up not really mattering in most cases. a lot of buyers of the m macs will never even realize anything changed under the hood. to explore that point, let’s go over the software the m does run. page: next → reader comments with posters participating, including story author share this story 	share on facebook 	share on twitter 	share on reddit samuel axon based in chicago, samuel is the senior reviews editor at ars technica, where he covers apple products, displays, hardware and software for developers and creative professionals, and more. he is a reformed media executive who has been writing about technology for years at ars technica, engadget, mashable, pc world, and many others. he is also a hobbyist ios and indie game developer. email samuel.axon@arstechnica.com advertisement you must login or create an account to comment. channel ars technica ← previous story next story → related stories sponsored stories powered by today on ars 	store 	subscribe 	about us 	rss feeds 	view mobile site 	contact us 	staff 	advertise with us 	reprints newsletter signup join the ars orbital transmission mailing list to get weekly updates delivered to your inbox. sign me up → cnmn collection wired media group © condé nast. all rights reserved. use of and/or registration on any portion of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (updated / / ) and privacy policy and cookie statement (updated / / ) and ars technica addendum (effective / / ). ars may earn compensation on sales from links on this site. read our affiliate link policy. your california privacy rights | do not sell my personal information the material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of condé nast. ad choices scriptio continua scriptio continua thoughts on software development, digital humanities, the ancient world, and whatever else crosses my radar. all original content herein is licensed under a creative commons attribution license. friday, june , reminder in the midst of the ongoing disaster that has befallen the country, i had a reminder recently that healthcare in the usa is still a wreck. when i had my episode of food poisoning (or whatever it was) in michigan recently, my concerned wife took me to an urgent care. we of course had to pay out-of-pocket for service (about $ ), as we were way outside our network (the group of providers who have agreements with our insurance company). i submitted the paperwork to our insurance company when we got home (duke uses aetna), to see if they would reimburse some of that amount. nope. rejected, because we didn't call them first to get approval—not something you think of at a time like that. thank god i waved off the responders when my daughter called them after i first got sick and almost passed out. we might have been out thousands of dollars. and this is with really first-class insurance, mind you. i have great insurance through duke. you can't get much better in this country. people from countries with real healthcare systems find this kind of thing shocking, but it's par for the course here. and our government is actively trying to make it worse. it's just one more bit of dreadful in a sea's worth, but it's worth remembering that the disastrous state of healthcare in the us affects all of us, even the lucky ones with insurance through our jobs. and again, our government is trying its best to make it worse. you can be quite sure it will be worse for everyone. posted by unknown at : am no comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest monday, may , experiencing technical difficulties i've been struggling with a case of burnout for a while now. it's a common problem in programming, where we have to maintain a fairly high level of creative energy all the time, and unlike my colleagues in academia or the library, i'm not eligible for research leave or sabbaticals. vacation is the only opportunity for recharging my creative batteries, but that's hard too when there are a lot of tasks that can't wait. i have taken the day off to work before, but that just seems stupid. so i grind away, hoping the fog will lift. a few weeks ago, the kids and i joined my wife on a work trip to michigan. it was supposed to be a mini-vacation for us, but i got violently ill after lunch one day—during a umich campus tour. it sucked about as much as it possibly could. my marvelous elder daughter dealt with the situation handily, but of course we ended up missing most of the tour, and i ended up in bed the rest of the day, barring the occasional run to the bathroom. my world narrowed down to a point. i was quite happy to lie there, not thinking. i could have read or watched television, but i didn't want to. trying the occasional sip of gatorade was as much as i felt like. for someone who normally craves input all the time, it was very peaceful. it revealed to me again on how much of a knife-edge my consciousness really is. it would take very little to knock it off the shelf to shatter on the ground. my father has alzheimer's disease, and this has already happened to him. where once there was an acutely perceptive and inquiring mind, there remains only his personality, which seems in his case to be the last thing to go. i try to spend time with him at least once or twice a week, both to take a little pressure off my mother and to check on their general well-being. we take walks. physically, he's in great shape for a man in his s. and there are still flashes of the person he was. he can't really hold a conversation, and will ask the same questions over and over again, my answers slipping away as soon as they're heard, but as we walked the other day, accompanied by loud birdsong, he piped up "we hear you!" to the birds, his sense of humor suddenly back on the surface. we are lucky that my parents have fantastic insurance and a good retirement plan, courtesy of an employer, the episcopal church, that cares about its people beyond the period of their usefulness. burnout is a species of depression, really. it is the same sort of thing as writer's block. your motivation simply falls out from under you. you know what needs to be done, but it's hard to summon the energy to do it. the current political climate doesn't help, as we careen towards the cliff's edge like the last ride of thelma and louise, having (i hope metaphorically, but probably not for many of us) chosen death over a constrained future, for the sake of poking authority in the eye. my children will suffer because the baby boomers have decided to try to take it all with them, because as a society we've fallen in love with death. all we can do really is try to arm the kids against the hard times to come, their country having chosen war, terror, and oppression in preference to the idea that someone undeserving might receive any benefit from society. we gen-xers at least had some opportunity to get a foot on the ladder. their generation will face a much more tightly constrained set of choices, with a much bigger downside if they make the wrong ones. i don't write much about my children online, because we want to keep them as much as possible out of the view of the social media panopticon until they're mature enough to make their own decisions about confronting it. at least they may have a chance to start their lives without the neoliberal machine knowing everything about them. they won't have anything like the support i had, and when we've dismantled our brief gesture towards health care as a human right and insurance decisions are made by ais that know everything about you going back to your childhood, things are going to be quite difficult. a symptom, i think, of my burnout is my addiction to science fiction and urban fantasy novels. they give me a chance to check out from the real world for a while, but i think it's become a real addiction rather than an escape valve. our society rolls ever forward toward what promises to be an actual dystopia with all the trappings: oppressed, perhaps enslaved underclasses, policed by unaccountable quasi-military forces, hyper-wealthy elites living in walled gardens with the latest technology, violent and unpredictable weather, massive unemployment and social unrest, food and water shortages, and ubiquitous surveillance. escapism increasingly seems unwise. some of that future can be averted if we choose not to be selfish and paranoid, to stop oppressing our fellow citizens and to stop demonizing immigrants, to put technology at the service of bettering society and surviving the now-inevitable changes to our climate. but we are not making good choices. massive unemployment is a few technological innovations away. it doesn't have to be a disaster, indeed it could lead to a renaissance, but i think we're too set in our thinking to avoid the disaster scenario. the unemployed are lazy after all, our culture tells us, they must deserve the bad things that have happened to them. our institutions are set up to push them back towards work by curtailing their benefits. but it could never happen to me, could it? and that comes back around to why i try to grind my way through burnout rather than taking time to recover from it. i live in an "at will" state. i could, in theory, be fired because my boss saw an ugly dog on the way in to work. that wouldn't happen, i hasten to say—i work with wonderful, supportive people. but there are no guarantees to be had. people can be relied on, but institutions that have not been explicitly set up to support us cannot, and institutional structures and rules tend to win in the end. best to keep at it and hope the spark comes back. it usually does. posted by unknown at : pm no comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest monday, february , thank you back in the day, joel spolsky had a very influential tech blog, and one of the pieces he wrote described the kind of software developer he liked to hire, one who was "smart, and gets things done." he later turned it into a book (http://www.amazon.com/smart-gets-things-done-technical/dp/ ). steve yegge, who was also a very influential blogger in the oughties, wrote a followup, in which he tackled the problem of how you find and hire developers who are smarter than you. given the handicaps of human psychology, how do you even recognize what you're looking at? his rubric for identifying these people (flipping spolsky's) was "done, and gets things smart". that is, this legendary " x" developer was the sort who wouldn't just get done the stuff that needed to be done, but would actually anticipate what needed to be done. when you asked them to add a new feature, they'd respond that it was already done, or that they'd just need a few minutes, because they'd built things in such a way that adding your feature that you just thought of would be trivial. they wouldn't just finish projects, they'd make everything better—they'd create code that other developers could easily build upon. essentially, they'd make everyone around them more effective as well. i've been thinking a lot about this over the last few months, as i've worked on finishing a project started by sebastian rahtz: integrating support for the new "pure odd" syntax into the tei stylesheets. the idea is to have a tei syntax for describing the content an element can have, rather than falling back on embedded relaxng. lou burnard has written about it here: https://jtei.revues.org/ . sebastian wrote the xslt stylesheets and the supporting infrastructure which are both the reference implementation for publishing tei and the primary mechanism by which the tei guidelines themselves are published. and they are the basis of tei schema generation as well. so if you use tei at all, you have sebastian to thank. picking up after sebastian's retirement last year has been a tough job. it was immediately obvious to me just how much he had done, and had been doing for the tei all along. when gabriel bodard described to me how the tei council worked, after i was elected for the first time, he said something like: "there'll be a bunch of people arguing about how to implement a feature, or even whether it can be done, and then sebastian will pipe up from the corner and say 'oh, i just did it while you were talking.'" you only have to look at the contributors pages for both the tei and the stylesheets to see that sebastian was indeed operating at a x level. quietly, without making any fuss about it, he's been making the tei work for many years. the contributions of software developers are often easily overlooked. we only notice when things don't work, not when everything goes smoothly, because that's what's supposed to happen, isn't it? even in digital humanities, which you'd expect to be self-aware about this sort of thing, the intellectual contributions of software developers can often be swept under the rug. so i want to go on record, shouting a loud thank you to sebastian for doing so much and for making the tei infrastructure smart. ***** update - - i heard the sad news last night that sebastian passed away yesterday on the ides of march. we are much diminished by his loss. posted by unknown at : pm comment: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest friday, october , dh data talk last night i was on a panel organized by duke libraries' digital scholarship group. the panelists each gave some brief remarks and then we had what i thought was a really productive and interesting discussion. the following are my own remarks, with links to my slides (opens a new tab). in my notes, //slide// means click forward (not always to a new slide, maybe just a fragment). this is me, and i work //slide// for this outfit. i'm going to talk just a little about a an old project and a new one, and not really give any details about either, but surface a couple of problems that i hope will be fodder for discussion. //slide// the old project is papyri.info and publishes all kinds of data about ancient documents mostly written in ink on papyrus. the new one, integrating digital epigraphies (ides), is about doing much the same thing for ancient documents mostly incised on stone. if i had to characterize (most of) the work i'm doing right now, i'd say i'm working on detecting and making machine-actionable the scholarly links and networks embedded in a variety of related projects, with data sources including plain text, xml, relational databases, web services, and images. these encompass critical editions of texts (often in large corpora), bibliography, citations in books and articles, images posted on flickr, and databases of texts. you could think of what i'm doing as recognizing patterns and then converting those into actual links; building a scaffold for the digital representation of networks of scholarship. this is hard work. //slide// it's hard because while superficial patterns are easy to detect, //slide// without access to the system of thought underlying those patterns (and computers can't do that yet—maybe never), those patterns are really just proxies kicked up by the underlying system. they don't themselves have meaning, but they're all you have to hold on to. //slide// our brains (with some prior training) are very good at navigating this kind of mess, but digital systems require explicit instructions //slide// —though granted, you can sometimes use machine learning techniques to generate those. when i say i'm working on making scholarly networks machine actionable, i'm talking about encoding as digital relations the graph of references embedded in these books, articles and corpora, and in the metadata of digital images. there are various ways one might do this, and the one we're most deeply into right now is called //slide// rdf. rdf models knowledge as a set of simple statements in the form subject, predicate, object. //slide// so a cites b, for example. rdf is a web technology, so all three of these elements may be uris that you could open in a web browser, //slide// and if you use uris in rdf, then the object of one statement can be the subject of another, and so on. //slide// so you can use it to model logical chains of knowledge. now notice that these statements are axioms. you can't qualify them, at least not in a fine-grained way. so this works great in a closed system (papyri.info), where we get to decide what the facts are; it's going to be much more problematic in ides, where we'll be coordinating data from at least half a dozen partners. partners who may not agree on everything. //slide// what i've got is the same problem from a different angle—i need to model a big pile of opinion but all i have to do it with are facts. part of the solution to these problems has to be about learning how to make the insertion of machine-actionable links and facts (or at least assertions), part of—that is, a side-effect of—the normal processes of resource creation and curation. but it also has to be about building systems that can cope with ambiguity and opinion. posted by unknown at : am no comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest wednesday, september , outside the tent yesterday was a bad day. i’m chasing a messed-up software problem whose main symptom is the application consuming all available memory and then falling over without leaving a useful stacktrace. steve ramsay quit twitter. a colleague i have huge respect for is leaving a project that’s foundational and is going to be parked because of it (that and the lack of funding). this all sucks. as i said on twitter, it feels like we’ve hit a tipping point. i think dh has moved on and left a bunch of us behind. i have to start this off by saying that i really have nothing to complain about, even if some of this sounds like whining. i love my job, my colleagues, and i’m doing my best to get over being a member of a carolina family working at duke :-). i’m also thinking about these things a lot in the run up to speaking in code. for some time now i’ve been feeling uneasy about how i should present myself and my work. a few years ago, i’d have confidently said i work on digital humanities projects. before that, i was into humanities computing. but now? i’m not sure what i do is really dh any more. i suspect the dh community is no longer interested in the same things as people like me, who write software to enable humanistic inquiry and also like to think (and when possible write and teach) about how that software instantiates ideas about the data involved in humanistic inquiry. on one level, this is fine. time, and academic fashion, marches on. it is a little embarrassing though given that i’m a “senior digital humanities programmer”. moreover, the field of “programming” daily spews forth fresh examples of unbelievable, poisonous, misogyny and seems largely incapable of recognizing what a shitty situation its in because of it. the tech industry is in moral crisis. we live in a dystopian, panoptic geek revenge fantasy infested by absurd beliefs in meritocracy, full of entrenched inequalities, focused on white upper-class problems, inherently hostile to minorities, rife with blatant sexism and generally incapable of reaching anyone beyond early adopter audiences of people just like us. (from https://medium.com/about-work/f ccd a c ) i think communities who fight against this kind of oppression, like #dhpoco, for example, are where dh is going. but while i completely support them and think they’re doing good, important work, i feel a great lack of confidence that i can participate in any meaningful way in those conversations, both because of the professional baggage i bring with me and because they’re doing a different kind of dh. i don’t really see a category for the kinds of things i write about on dhthis or dhnow, for example. if you want to be part of a community that helps define #digitalhumanities please join and promote #dhthis today! http://t.co/vtwjtgqbgr — adeline koh (@adelinekoh) september , this is great stuff, but it’s also not going to be a venue for me wittering on about digital classics or text encoding. it could be my impostor syndrome kicking in, but i really doubt they’re interested. it does seem like a side-effect of the shift toward a more theoretical dh is an environment less welcoming to participation by “staff”. it’s paradoxical that the opening up of dh also comes with a reversion to the old academic hierarchies. i’m constantly amazed at how resilient human insitutions are. if digital humanities isn’t really what i do, and if programmer comes with a load of toxic slime attached to it, perhaps “senior” is all i have left. of course, in programmer terms, “senior” doesn’t really mean “has many years of experience”, it’s code for “actually knows how to program”. you see ads for senior programmers with - years of experience all the time. by that standard, i’m not senior, i’m ancient. job titles are something that come attached to staff, and they are terrible, constricting things. i don’t think that what i and many of my colleagues do has become useless, even if we no longer fit the dh label. it still seems important to do that work. maybe we’re back to doing humanities computing. i do think we’re mostly better off because digital humanities happened, but maybe we have to say goodbye to it as it heads off to new horizons and get back to doing the hard work that needs to be done in a humanities that’s at least more open to digital approaches than it used to be. what i’m left wondering is where the place of the developer (and, for that matter other dh collaborators) is in dh if dh is now the establishment and looks structurally pretty much like the old establishment did. is digital humanities development a commodity? are dh developers interchangeable? should we be? programming in industry is typically regarded as a commodity. programmers are in a weird position, both providers of indispensable value, and held at arm’s length. the problem businesses have is how to harness a resource that is essentially creative and therefore very subject to human inconsistency. it’s hard to find good programmers, and hard to filter for programming talent. programmers get burned out, bored, pissed off, distracted. best to keep a big pool of them and rotate them out when they become unreliable or too expensive or replace them when they leave. comparisons to graduate students and adjunct faculty may not escape the reader, though at least programmers are usually better-compensated. academia has a slightly different programmer problem: it’s really hard to find good dh programmers and staffing up just for a project may be completely impossible. the only solution i see is to treat it as analogous to hiring faculty: you have to identify good people and recruit them and train people you’d want to hire. you also have to give them a fair amount of autonomy—to deal with them as people rather than commodities. what you can’t count on doing is retaining them as contingent labor on soft money. but here we’re back around to the faculty/staff problem: the institutions mostly only deal with tenure-track faculty in this way. libraries seem to be the only academic institutions capable of addressing the problem at all. but they’re also the insitutions most likely to come under financial pressure and they have other things to worry about. it’s not fair to expect them to come riding over the hill. the ideal would situation would be if there existed positions to which experts could be recruited who had sufficient autonomy to deal with faculty on their own level (this essentially means being able to say ‘no’), who might or might not have advanced degrees, who might teach and/or publish, but wouldn’t have either as their primary focus. they might be librarians, or research faculty, or something else we haven’t named yet. all of this would cost money though. what’s the alternative? outsourcing? be prepared to spend all your grant money paying industry rates. grad students? many are very talented and have the right skills, but will they be willing to risk sacrificing the chance of a faculty career by dedicating themselves to your project? will your project be maintainable when they move on? mia ridge, in her twitter feed, reminds me that in england there exist people called “research software engineers”. notes from #rse breakout discussions appearing at https://t.co/pd itlbb t - lots of resonances with #musetech #codespeak — mia (@mia_out) september , there are worse labels, but it sounds like they have exactly the same set of problems i’m talking about here. posted by unknown at : pm comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest monday, july , missing dh i'm watching the tweets from #dh starting to roll in and feeling kind of sad (and, let's be honest, left out) not to be there. conference attendance has been hard the last few years because i didn't have any travel funding in my old job. so i've tended only to go to conferences close to home or where i could get grant funding to pay for them. it's also quite hard sometimes to decide what conferences to go to. on a self-funded basis, i can manage about one a year. so deciding which one can be hard. i'm a technologist working in a library, on digital humanities projects, with a focus on markup technologies and on ancient studies. so my list is something like: 	dh 	jcdl 	one of many language-focused conferences 	the tei annual meeting 	balisage i could also make a case for conferences in my home discipline, classics, but i haven't been to the apa annual meeting in over a decade. now that the digital classics association exists, that might change. i tend to cycle through the list above. last year i went to the tei meeting, the year before, i went to clojure/conj and dh (because a grant paid). the year before that, i went to balisage, which is an absolutely fabulous conference if you're a markup geek like me (seriously, go if you get the chance). dh is a nice compromise though, because you get a bit of everything. it's also attended by a whole bunch of my friends, and people i'd very much like to become friends with. i didn't bother submitting a proposal for this year, because my job situation was very much up in the air at the time, and indeed, i started working at dc just a couple of weeks ago. dh would have been unfeasible for all kinds of reasons, but i'm still bummed out not to be there. have a great time y'all. i'll be following from a distance. posted by unknown at : pm no comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest wednesday, february , first contact it seems like i've had many versions of this conversation in the last few months, as new projects begin to ramp up: client: i want to do something cool to publish my work. developer: ok. tell me what you'd like to do. client: um. i need you to to tell me what's possible, so i can tell you what i want. developer: we can do pretty much anything. i need you to tell me what you want so i can figure out how to make it. almost every introductory meeting with a client/customer starts out this way. there's a kind of negotiation period where we figure out how to speak each other's language, often by drawing crude pictures. we look at things and decide how to describe them in a way we both understand. we wave our hands in the air and sometimes get annoyed that the other person is being so dense. it's crucially important not to short-circuit this process though. you and your client likely have vastly different understandings of what can be done, how hard it is to do what needs to be done, and even whether it's worth doing. the initial negotiation sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. if you hurry through it, and let things progress while there are still major misunderstandings in the air, bad things will certainly happen. like: client: this isn't what i wanted at all! developer: but i built exactly what you asked for! posted by unknown at : am no comments: email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) followers blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  june ( ) 	reminder 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  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jmu libraries “the beauty of anti-racism is that you don’t have to pretend to be free of racism to be an anti-racist.... 	change us, too [the following is a brief talk i gave at the opening plenary of rbms , a meeting of the rare... 	from the grass roots [this is a cleaned-up version of the text from which i spoke at the conference of research libraries uk,... 	how the light gets in i took a chance on a hackberry bowl at a farmer’s market—blue-stained and turned like a drop of water. it’s... 	reconstitute the world [what follows is the text of a talk i gave in two different contexts last week, as &# ;reconstitute the world:... 	 spectra for speculative knowledge design [last weekend, i joined the inspiring, interdisciplinary ecotopian toolkit gathering hosted by penn&# ;s program in environmental humanities. (how lucky was i? we even got... 	we raise our voices [crossposted statement on us administration budget proposal from the &# ;director&# ;s desk&# ; at the digital library federation blog.] last night, the... 	iv. coda: speculative computing ( ) [shannon mattern&# ;s wry observation that &# ;speculative now seems to be the universal prefix&# ; got me thinking about time and unpredictability, and reminded me... 	inauguration day january th has inaugurated the worst and longest case of writer’s block of my life. i hate to write, under... 	open invitations [these are unedited remarks from the closing plenary of the dlf forum, written about minutes before it began,... 	speculative collections [this is the text of a talk i gave last week, as &# ;speculative collections and the emancipatory library,&# ; to close... 	alternate futures/usable pasts [while i&# ;m cleaning up the text of a talk i gave at harvard&# ;s hazen symposium last week (see #hazenatharvard or merrilee&# ;s... 	everywhere, every when this is the text of a presentation i made yesterday at a wonderful columbia university symposium called insuetude (still ongoing),... 	capacity through care [this is the draft of an invited contribution to a forum on &# ;care&# ; that will appear in debates in the... 	hallowmas [trigger warning: miscarriage.] ten years ago today, i lost the baby that might have come after my son, and not... 	on capacity and care [this is the blended and edited text of two talks i gave last week. one, titled &# ;on capacity and care,&# ;... 	supporting practice in community [here&# ;s a cleaned-up version of brief remarks i made in a panel discussion on &# ;cultivating digital library professionals,&# ; at tuesday&# ;s... 	a game nonetheless [i recently had the pleasure of responding to a creative and beautifully grounded talk by kevin hamilton of the university... 	open and shut i recently collaborated on a project a little outside the ordinary for me: a case study for a chapter in... 	all at once thirteen years ago, i was a graduate student in english literature when the twin towers collapsed, a fireball erupted from... 	charter-ing a path [cross-posted from the re:thinking blog at clir, the council on library and information resources, where i&# ;m honored to serve as... 	speculative computing & the centers to come [this is a short talk i prepared for a panel discussion today with brett bobley, ed ayers, and stephen robertson,... 	johannes factotum & the ends of expertise [this—more or less—is the text of a keynote talk i delivered last week in atlanta, at the dlf forum:... 	neatline & visualization as interpretation [this post is re-published from an invited response to a february  mediacommons question of the week: &# ;how can we better... 	a kit for hosting speaking in code [cross-posted from the re:thinking blog at clir, the council on library and information resources, where i&# ;m honored to be serving... 	digital humanities in the anthropocene [update: i&# ;ve made low-res versions of my slides and an audio reading available for download on vimeo, alex gil has... 	anthropocene abstract i am deeply honored to have been invited to give a plenary lecture at this year&# ;s digital humanities conference, planned... 	asking for it a report published this week by oclc research asks the burning question of no one, no where: &# ;does every research... 	on the origin of “hack” and “yack” one of the least helpful constructs of our “digital humanities” moment has been a supposed active opposition, drawn out over... you need to enable javascript to run this app. ranti. centuries.org ranti. centuries.org eternally yours on centuries 	keeping the dream alive - freiheit i did not recall when the first time i heard it, but i remembered it was introduced by my cousin. this song from münchener freiheit became one of the songs i listen a lot. the lyrics (see below) resonate stronger nowadays. keeping the dream alive (single version) cover by david groeneveld: cover by kim wilde: lyrics:freiheit - keeping the dream alive tonight the rain is fallingfull of memories of people and placesand while the past is callingin my fantasy i remember their faces the hopes we had were much too highway out of reach but we had to trythe game will never be overbecause we&apos;re keeping the dream alive i hear myself recallingthings you said to methe night it all startedand still the rain is fallingmakes me feel the wayi felt when we parted the hopes we had were much too highway out of reach but we have to tryno need to hide no need to run&apos;cause all the answers come one by onethe game will never be overbecause we&apos;re keeping the dream alive i need youi love you the game will never be overbecause we&apos;re keeping the dream alive the hopes we had were much too highway out of reach but we had to tryno need to hide no need to run&apos;cause all the answers come one by one the hopes we had were much too highway out of reach but we had to tryno need to hide no need to run&apos;cause all the answers come one by one the game will never be overbecause we&apos;re keeping the dream alivethe game will never be overbecause we&apos;re keeping the dream alive the game will never be over… 	lou reed's walk on the wild side if my memory serves me right, i heard about this walk on the wild side song (wikipedia) sometime during my college year in the s. of course, the bass and guitar reef were the one that captured my attention right away. at that time, being an international student here in the us, i was totally oblivious with the lyrics and the references on it. when i finally understood what the lyrics are about, listening to the song makes more sense. here&apos;s the footage of the walk on the wild side song (youtube) but what prompted me to write this was started by the version that amanda palmer sang for neil gaiman. i was listening to her cd "several attempts to cover songs by the velvet underground & lou reed for neil gaiman as his birthday approaches" and one of the songs was walk on the wild side. i like her rendition of the songs, which prompted me to find it on youtube. welp, that platform does not disappoint; it&apos;s a quite a nice piano rendition. of course, like any other platform that wants you to stay there, youtube also listed various walk on the wild side cover songs. one of them is from alice phoebe lou a singer-songwriter. her rendition using a guitar is also quite enjoyable (youtube) and now i have a new singer-songwriter to keep an eye on. among other videos that were listed on youtube is the one that kinda blew my mind, walk on the wild side - the story behind the classic bass intro featuring herbie flowers which explained that those are two basses layered on top of each other. man, what a nice thing to learn something new about this song. :-) 	tao read it from the lazy yogi 	on climate change read the whole poem 	tv news archive from the internet archive i just learned about the existence of the tv news archive (covering news from until the day before today&apos;s date) containing news shows from us tv such as pbs, cbs, abc, foxnews, cnn, etc. you can search by the captions. they also have several curated collections like news clips regarding nsa or snippets or tv around the world i think some of you might find this useful. quite a nice collection, imo. 	public domain day (january , ): what could have entered it in and what did get released copyright law is messy, yo. we won&apos;t see a lot of notable and important works entering public domain here in the us until . other countries, however, got to enjoy many of them first. public domain reviews put a list of creators whose work are entering the public domain for canada, european union (eu), and many other countries (https://publicdomainreview.org/collections/class-of- /.) for those in eu, nice to see h.g. wells name there (if uk do withdraw, this might end up not applicable to them. but, my knowledge about uk copyright law is zero, so, who knows.) as usual, center of study for the public domain from duke university put a list of some quite well-known works that are still under the extended copyright restriction: http://web.law.duke.edu/cspd/publicdomainday/ /pre- . those works would have been entered the public domain if we use the law that was applicable when they were published. i&apos;m still baffled how current copyright hinders research done and published in to be made available freely. greedy publishers… so, thanks to that, usa doesn&apos;t get to enjoy many published works yet. "yet" is the operative word here because we don&apos;t know what the incoming administration would do on this topic. considering the next potus is a businessman, i fear the worst. i know: gloomy first of the year thought, but it is what it is. on a cheerful side, check the list from john mark ockerbloom on his online books project. it&apos;s quite an amazing project he&apos;s been working on. of course, there are also writings made available from hathitrust and gutenberg project, among other things. here&apos;s to the next days. xoxo 	for read the full poem 	light "light thinks it travels faster than anything but it is wrong. no matter how fast light travels, it finds the darkness has always got there first, and is waiting for it."― terry pratchett, reaper man 	dot-dot-dot more about bertolt brecht poem 	assistive technology many people would probably think assistive technology (at) are computer software, applications, or tools that are designed to help blind or deaf people. typically, the first thing that one might have in mind was screen readers, braille display, screen magnifier app for desktop reading, or physical objects like hearing aid, wheel chair, or crutches, a lot of people probably won&apos;t think glasses as an at. perhaps because glasses can be highly personalized to fit one&apos;s fashion style. 	woodchuck there&apos;s a question how much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood. obviously, a woodchuck would chuck wood as much wood as a woodchuck could. shrugs 	droplets 	the story of the chinese farmer "you&apos;ll never know what would be the consequences of misfortune. or, you&apos;ll never know what would be the consequences of good fortune." — alan watts 	persistent bat is persistent for the last couple weeks or so, there&apos;s a bat that somehow managed to sneak in and hid somewhere in the house and then flew frantically in the living room every evening around this time of the day, causing the cats to run and jump around trying to catch it. we caught this bat every time and delivered it outside, hoping it would never return again. but it kept coming back. now i am sort of giving up trying to catch it. even the cats are no longer paying attention to the bat and just give this "meh" face when they spotted it. 	old window #garage hip-hop’s unknown legends: the diggin’ in the crates crew - article - stylus magazine 	 			 		 	 												 										 										 											 													 													 													 													 													 												 									 					 							 						 					 					 					 'll go on record and say that d.i.t.c. as a crew has produced some of the most important people in that era of hip-hop, and they are also one of the most slept on crews in terms of the mass market.” -- matt wright, publisher, elemental magazine, as quoted by allhiphop.com. it is difficult to write an unwritten history. this is simply the reality of writing about s rap music in ; the information is out there, but much of it exists as hearsay and unsubstantiated rumor. there is no wu-tang manual for the diggin’ in the crates crew. what i know about d.i.t.c. is … not much. i’m not from new york, never been to harlem. what i do know is the available music. so this piece won’t revolve around obscure show and a.g. ”s. but i do hope to provide both a brief primer for folks who are not familiar, and some context and perspective on one of the most significant—and underrated—groups in rap history. if the history of the group is what you are interested in, elemental has already covered that ground in an extensive multi-part exploration of the crew and its origins. in the early s new york hip-hop was at a creative peak. sure, nwa had arrived from the west, laying the groundwork for the gangsta blueprint that would set the direction for rap music future, and the geto boys had established themselves as notable southern artists. but new york was still rap music mecca, with talent popping out of every borough, rappers spitting from so many different directions, producers still mastering the sp . a major cornerstone of ny's creative rap movement was the diggin in the crates crew, known simply as d.i.t.c.. today, snitching aside, the last thing a hardcore rap crew will cop to is “digging in the crates.” however, this was new york in the early s, and no group captured that time and place better than d.i.t.c.; wu-tang was one-of-a-kind, boot camp clik was too dark and grittily underground, too focused in scope. until the bad boy era, the members of d.i.t.c. were exemplars of quality rap music in new york’s early-mid s creative explosion. the beats were hard, and the rappers were harder. the crew was a loose conglomeration. there were many albums released by individual members with assists from the rest, yet only one (until last year) released officially by the group as a whole, and it dropped well after most members’ creative prime. although at one time all underground new york rappers, each artist would end up in very different places; for showbiz and ag: canonization as respectable early s jazz-rap; for buckwild: obscurity in the wider world but a renowned producer's status in hip-hop. for fat joe: superstardom. and for big l and big pun, tragic deaths. production lord finesse, diamond, buckwild, showbiz these four were the key to the crew’s name; their beats defined the period. finesse was a rapper and producer, and had been a dj since he went to a bronx high school. and in some ways seems to exists as the central constellation around which the crew revolved. finesse had known diamond and showbiz from his teenage years; they all began as djs in the mid- s. by , finesse had released his first lp, funky technician, along with his dj and close friend mike smooth. production credits on the record went to the core of the d.i.t.c. sound: diamond and showbiz both contributed, alongside dj premier, who was still in the formative stages of establishing his own style. gang starr’s rep wouldn’t be solidified until step in the arena’s release the following year. (although not a member of the crew, premier would produce tracks for d.i.t.c. members throughout his career.) by this time the diggin’ in the crates crew began to come together. buckwild didn’t meet the crew until after funky technician’s release; both were new york mixtape djs—finesse was supplementing the meager paychecks he received from wild pitch with mixtape hustle on the side—and at that point, the foundation for d.i.t.c.’s sound was established. buckwild would go on to produce some of the best tracks in hip-hop history, from notorious b.i.g.’s “i got a story to tell” to black rob’s “whoa.” rappers big l, ag, big pun, fat joe, o.c. was a major year for lord finesse in another way; it was the year he met a rapper named big l, who would arguably become the group’s definitive rapper. big l was a harlem kid badgering finesse for a shot. ag had battled finesse in the late �� s, and was an obvious choice for the crew. big pun and fat joe were later additions; literal heavyweights who the wider world would know as solo artists. o.c., an associate of the duo organized konfusion, rounded out the group, although various new york rappers would make appearances on d.i.t.c. recordings, associates like party arty and established vets like brand nubian’s sadat x. for an early s group named for the rather nerdy habit of crate digging, d.i.t.c. were first and foremost street. and these were new york streets, so a nyc sensibility followed: shock-punchlines, lyrical posse cuts over banging production. in many ways, d.i.t.c.’s rappers defined new york rap in the mid s better than anyone; while the group itself is almost a footnote, its members' influence in the world of rap is broad. releases lord finesse perhaps ground zero for the d.i.t.c. sound, lord finesse’s debut featured production from finesse, showbiz, dj premier and diamond. although its james brown-sampling style was played by ’ , this is easily one of the best lps to rock that style. finesse’s rapping style at this point is firmly ’ , that weird cliché-flipping with awkard inverted phraseology that so many turn-of-the-decade mcs rocked (cf. guru). still, funky technician is one of the best lps from this period. his second album was more developed, but continued along the same lines. finesse’s rhymes were still some of the best out of new york, and the beats came from a familiar cast. perhaps the most well known track from this period, however, was the remix of his album track “yes you may” alongside a -year-old big l. the “yes you may (remix)” is a key track in the d.i.t.c. canon; finesse’s punchlines would destroy on any track, but it is l’s voice that captures the show. it was not until ’ that finesse released his follow-up, awakening, which is one of my favorite rap albums. at this point, beats sounded entirely current, with the hard-knock tunnel banging style that had become new york’s stock in trade. one year later and the entire city would be dancing to a different beat, but for the moment, new york was still reveling in the noir-ish funk that crate digging wrought. witness the posse cut “speak ya peace,” where echoing snares compete with murky, thumping drum kicks for the listener’s attention, while instrumental samples float like haunted spirits around horn lines and treble-filtered vocals. another finesse album worth investigating is his lost tapes-style release from the crates to the files. particularly for the single-only “s.k.i.t.s.” “s.k.i.t.s.” stood for “shorties kaught up in the system.” it is a dark, hypnotic cautionary track about the tragic changes wrought over the neighborhood kids—or, more likely, finesse’s outlook on the neighborhood kids as he grew up. he grapples with the way a harsh life twists childhood (“and out of a hundred/ all they wanna do is clock dough, scoop bitches and get blunted,”) and the pressures of economic abandonment. “get a to , what?! that shit sucks / and besides i wouldn’t make enough.” o.c. o.c.'s voice was hungry. his defining song in rap history is "time's up," one of buckwild’s biggest tracks at the time, but o.c.’s entire debut album was startlingly affecting - word...life showed depth, and an understanding of rap music's potential emotive qualities. the album art is weather- and time-worn browned photographs, which for the listener represented the open path into o.c.'s life. "born live," a lump-in-throat description of early childhood, from cartoons and cereal on saturdays to the tragic encounter with a friend's death at a young age. "constables" attacked aggressive police, a la "just a friendly game of baseball" (or less obliquely, "fuck the police"). and of course "time's up" was o.c.'s hungriest moment; eviscerating fake rappers with lyrical ferocity and gut-wrenching production. alongside o.c.’s friends in organized konfusion, d.i.t.c. handled the album’s beats. his follow-up wasn’t as effective, perhaps, but o.c. has always been a consistent rapper and although he has moved further to rap’s margins over the years, his music is worth checking. with age, o.c. lost his hunger, his youthful enthusiasm to capture so effectively the human condition, lost the righteous anger that infused "time's up" and “constables,” and occasionally degraded into bitterness. his career extended beyond his albums; his verse on "return of the crooklyn dodgers" and organized konfusion's classic "fudge pudge" and "let's organize" tracks, for example. jewelz, his sophomore release, was consistent enough, and the opening cut “my world” featured one of dj premier’s best tracks. he had the misfortune to release it when hip-hop was shifting into puffy’s discofied orbit, and even further south, which prematurely shifted his career to the new york sidelines. his next album, bon apetite, was relatively forgettable. in , he released two albums. the first, starchild, is startlingly energetic and reflective; especially the gorgeous jazz bass-riding cut “what am i supposed to do?” which warns against the proverbial snakes in the grass. smoke & mirrors, its follow-up released on heiro records, echoed many releases from mid- s new york rap giants a decade down the road; he had not fallen off, and plenty of his songs were pleasant, but the rap world would move on. showbiz and a.g. although established with the "soul clap" b/w "party groove" single, showbiz and ag's reputation is based primarily on their album runaway slave. was something of a revitalizing year for new york hip-hop; with pete rock and cl, gang starr and fellow d.i.t.c. member diamond d dropping landmark releases, runaway slave was just as good as the more heralded releases from that year. the title track is perhaps the most striking; over a thudding breakbeat that seems to echo dashing footsteps, a.g. spits some of the darkest real talk to come from new york’s creative peak. with horns cresting over the drums, a.g. contemplates life in the inner city, takes a sip of the , contemplates giving up—“yeah i’m woozy and my eyes are red / but it’s better than an uzi and a brother man that’s dead,”—but decides he has to maintain—“so when i reach the top i say the ghetto made me do it.” linking the plight of post-slavery african-americans to life in the ghetto might not seem like a revelatory conceit, and it’s not; but compared to the lyrics he and finesse was spitting just two years earlier, a.g. had made a narrative break into detailed and literary style that moved stealthily beyond the punchlines. like finesse, showbiz and a.g.’s follow-up would take a harsher direction, embracing the dark real-world based raps that they began on cuts like “runaway slave.” the beats, too, had developed along similar lines. both records are worth checking. show and a.g. would disappear for a few years; show continued to do the occasional production, and the duo resurfaced with the underground producer soul supreme in the early s. but for the most part, their careers followed a similar arc to o.c. in the early s, they recorded some of the best lps of the period, but by rap had changed direction yet again and these legends were left by the wayside. diamond rapper/producer diamond’s most well-known release is the exquisite lp stunts, blunts, and hip-hop. “sally got a one track mind,” a lonely track with a moaning bassline, was a track that addressed, albeit in a male-centric way, the character’s tragic promiscuity. the entire lp was a collage of jazz-invested beats and rhythms. most significantly, it varied widely from the trademark ��banger’ style that d.i.t.c. came to represent, like an alternate-universe low end theory. diamond’s rapping wasn’t the most accomplished in the crew, but for a laid-back, funky sampladelicelebration of a record, this is hard to beat. big l, fat joe, big pun if lord finesse was d.i.t.c.’s center, then these three rappers were at the opposite end of the spectrum, its most public face. two are legends, and the third is easily the most successful member of the entire crew, the one who managed to adjust and flourish with the changing times. although bronx-born fat joe’s best records may not be his r kelly duets (debatable), there is no doubt that on tracks like ja rule’s “new york” or young jeezy’s “go crazy (remix)” he holds his own in a modern context. fat joe has released six solo lps, and while many of them have moments worth checking, two in particular i come back to. although his debut represent may be worth the price just for the baby-faced photos of the rapper on the sleeve art and the original “shit is real” verses, his sophomore album jealous ones envy is his best early-period release. with the hard knock real talk of “shit is real (dj premier remix),” joe set the stage for an extended career and made it clear that he understood where he came from, and that it wasn’t just lyrical skills but attitude that defined the artist. he was, more than many in the crew (sans of course big l) able to capture street attitude and outlook. over whistful premier-sampled vibes, fat joe’s braggadocious doesn’t sound mean, nor does it sound matter-of-fact (as it did over the squealing saxophone samples in the original mix) so much as desperate and tragic. on jealous ones envy, joe’s blunt, honest rap style gelled compellingly. his album loyalty is also worth checking; many of the tracks sound modern, but not forced. perhaps by avoiding the pressures facing those that the press branded ��lyricists,’ (nas, for example), joe was released from the pressure of sounding modern without the fear of selling himself short. further, the soulful “born in the ghetto” proved that joe hadn’t lost the realness that had been so appealing in his “shit is real”-days. although not officially a member of the crew, i’ve associated pun with d.i.t.c. if only for his verse on the group’s classic “where ya at.” even if he wasn’t a member, he sounded like one; his albums are all worth mention and the price of admission, just for his tireless, apocalyptic, larger than life flow and lyrics. like big l, pun was hardcore; he was spitting with the purpose of lyrical disemboweling, shocking and terrorizing his rhetorical victims with the pure force of his lyrics and charisma. “dream shatterer,” the best track; i’d probably go with his debut as his best album. his premature death, which is undoubtedly attributable to his big size, has solidified his legendary status. consider the incomparable internal rhymes of his snoop & dre tribute, “twinz (deep cover ’ )” alongside fat joe, where his single couplet about the mistaken murder of middle-men in little italy who “didn’t do diddly.” his skill seems magnified by the way it dexterously seemed to defy his bulk, a tearing aggression that flipped acrobatically around the beat while pun kept his feet firmly planted on the earth. then you have big l, who was not actually large in stature but was the arguably the definitive persona of the crew. c left behind some of the most impressive tracks ever recorded; precocious doesn’t begin to describe the lyrical genius of his early career. both of his albums are absolute must-own releases, and both feature other d.i.t.c. members prominently in production roles; his freestyle tapes are worth hearing too, if only for the prodigal talent with which he dispatches his enemies, real and imagined. his words punched through to your chest while his syllables wrapped themselves around the rhythm, filling every available space to break down how exactly he was at the top of the game. his wit was unmatched—he could have tricked andrea dworkin into laughing at the most misogynistic imagery (“no endz, no skinz”) - and the rhythmic weight of his vocals was uncannily powerful. if you can’t think of big l lyrics off of the top of your head, you have no business being a hip-hop nerd. d.i.t.c. though not nearly as difficult to find in the internet age, the all love ep is still too rare for the performances it contains. fat joe’s opening shot on the title track is especially notable. while the beat thumps underneath a tri-tonal beeping melody, fat joe reps “new york new york! big city of dreams, where there’s nothing but foreign cars, bitches and triple beams, i fiend! for cash, fat pieces of ass…,” literally spitting the opening verse of a career. finesse brags about making hits off of -second loops—how hip-hop is that?—and then it’s off to the chorus. then big l, who steals the show nearly effortlessly: “so hold on and prepare to get rolled on,” unleashing his immediately recognizable voice, twisting multi-syllabic words around the rhythm. it is as if he has effectively forced the language to fit metrically, bending it to his will with the power of his vocals. he similarly rips “internationally known,” a frozen �� s electro beat. at this point, d.i.t.c.’s production had crept away from actual crate digging, and shifted more into ��new york banger’ territory, a post-sampling lawsuit style that also reflected a growing street edge in rap music nationally. still, "style is ill" rumbles through the same romantic sample as cormega's "love in love out," even as it is accompanied by growling d.i.t.c. affiliate party arty. the group’s first album, however, is easily one of the most underrated in new york history. stylistically, it is fairly one-note, a nonstop onslaught of raw street lyrics and tunnel-banging production. “where ya at” featuring big pun; over a supremely satisfying track, pun’s abstract and wordy claims to interplanetary supremacy come second only to his vaguely ��sing-song’ hook, as addictive as rap music can sound, hip-hop for cold lampin’. “if i ain’t home with the fam—where i’m at?” “day one,” the highlight single, is actually a slow, chiming funk. diamond opens, at this point past his creative prime, yet his familiar husky voice doesn’t seem to mind, dreaming of vacations in the bahamas. he’s followed by big l, who steals the show, dropping for one moment the usual metaphorical shields to admit in a moment of brute honesty, honesty made all the more bittersweet by his later tragic passing: “i went from standing on the corner selling cocaine / to rippin’ shows live on stage, hoes yelling my name / to be precise rippin mics is the light of my life….” despite finesse’s claims later in the song—“we worldwide, niggas just nice in one borough”—this track sounds so perfectly of its time and place: new york braggadocious translated through metaphors and intricate, stylized lyrical acrobatics. the notable exception to this style is “tribute,” a song recorded after big l’s death and features one of o.c.’s most passionate verses for his lost friend. with low pianos, tinkling chimes and a minimal boom-bap thump, o.c. regrets not answering his phone when l called just before his murder: if i had the slighest idea that was gonna be our last convo, i woulda picked up yo please accept my apology, i know you're listenin it ain't a day that go by without the crew sayin we miss him february th, you was judged by the most high i was really mad at god you had big plans, you was about to be the man and i'm proud to death that you a part of the fam it be a privilege you associated wit us i hope you in a good place where life is love on the whole, new york lyrical hip-hop has never sounded as simultaneously immediate yet confident, vital yet assured in its dominance. certainly, other records have captured new york's swiftly changing spirit, but no record so thoroughly defined the ideals of this era like worldwide. d.i.t.c. were on top of the world, but they retained the vital connection to their origins - the goal of countless rap records. we discuss the fall of new york, and reassess the significance of a rap history that ignores too $hort, but it is vital that we appropriately reassess new york's own history as well. yes, public enemy were significant, one of the most important groups to ever record. and while mainstream music criticism seems to have picked up p.e., then a tribe called quest, finally on to wu-tang, the story seems distorted with d.i.t.c.’s minimal inclusion. in my mind, d.i.t.c. were the definitive new york rap crew, and they deserve a central role in its history. their most significant role, however, is in your speakers. driving the cross-bronx expressway some years ago, nothing sounded more like the sights, smells and sounds of new york hip-hop than d.i.t.c.'s "thick," blasting from my headphones. immediate, definitive, vital—d.i.t.c. were brilliant. sources wheeler, austin “the judge”, “lord finesse”. elemental magazine, . allhiphop.com lordfinesse.net 					 	 		 	by: david drake published on: - - comments ( ) 				 				 			 	 	 	 						 							recent features by this author 						 	 								pop playground - jay dee: a hip-hop craftsman 	staff top - top ten underrated rap albums of 	staff top - top rap basslines 	pop playground - the "death" of hip-hop 	article - diplo: the stylus interview 						 	 						 						 						 						  						 							 								 	 									today on stylus 								 	 									reviews 									october st, 										 year-end thoughts - closing time 	 year-end thoughts - writing about... 	 year-end thoughts - i humanize the... 	 year-end thoughts - notes towards... 								 	 									features 									october st, 										pop playground - top albums of 	pop playground - top songs of 	movie review - stylus magazine’s top... 								 	 								 	 									recently on stylus 								 	 									reviews 									october th, 										sam 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buy cialis online new risc-v cpu claims recordbreaking performance per watt | ars technica 	 skip to main content 	biz & it 	tech 	science 	policy 	cars 	gaming & culture 	store 	forums subscribe close navigate 	store 	subscribe 	videos 	features 	reviews 	rss feeds 	mobile site 	about ars 	staff directory 	contact us 	advertise with ars 	reprints filter by topic 	biz & it 	tech 	science 	policy 	cars 	gaming & culture 	store 	forums settings front page layout grid list site theme black on white white on black sign in comment activity sign up or login to join the discussions! stay logged in | having trouble? sign up to comment and more sign up i can't drive risc-ty five — new risc-v cpu claims recordbreaking performance per watt micro magic's new cpu offers decent performance with record-breaking efficiency. jim salter - dec , : am utc micro magic's new cpu prototype is seen here running on an odroid board. micro magic reader comments with posters participating, including story author share this story 	share on facebook 	share on twitter 	share on reddit micro magic inc.—a small electronic design firm in sunnyvale, california—has produced a prototype cpu that is several times more efficient than world-leading competitors, while retaining reasonable raw performance. we first noticed micro magic's claims earlier this week, when ee times reported on the company's new prototype cpu, which appears to be the fastest risc-v cpu in the world. micro magic adviser andy huang claimed the cpu could produce , coremarks (more on that later) at ghz and . v while also putting out , coremarks at . ghz—the latter all while consuming only mw. huang demonstrated the cpu—running on an odroid board—to ee times at . ghz/ . v and . ghz/ . v. later the same week, micro magic announced the same cpu could produce over , coremarks at ghz while consuming only mw of power. ok, but what’s a coremark? part of the difficulty in evaluating micro magic's claim for its new cpu lies in figuring out just what a coremark is and how many of them are needed to make a fast cpu. it's a deliberately simplified cpu benchmarking tool released by the embedded microprocessor benchmark consortium, intended to be as platform-neutral and simple to build and use as possible. coremark focuses solely on the core pipeline functions of a cpu, including basic read/write, integer, and control operations. this specifically avoids most effects of system differences in memory, i/o, and so forth. the embedded microprocessor benchmark consortium (embc) is a group with wide industry representation: intel, texas instruments, arm, realtek, and nokia are a few of its more notable and easily recognizable members. now that we understood all that, the next step in order to better evaluate micro magic's claims was to run a few coremark benchmarks of our own. all we needed to do here was clone its github repository, then issue a make command—optionally, with arguments xcflags="-dmultithread= -duse_fork= " if we want to test on multiple threads/cores at once. i still have an apple m mac mini on hand, as well as a ryzen u-powered acer swift , so those were my test systems for comparison. getting the raw performance scores was considerably easier than getting truly comparable power readings. on the ryzen-powered linux system, i used the utility turbostat to get both core and package power readings while the tests were running. i don't have access to anything nearly as fine-grained as turbostat for the apple m , so for that platform i took whole-system power draw at the wall and just plain subtracted the reading at desktop idle from the sustained reading while under test. this is extremely crude, and i caution readers not to rely too much on comparing the m 's efficiency to the swift 's on these numbers alone—but it's good enough to get some perspective on micro magic's claim for its new risc-v (pronounced "risk five") cpu. advertisement on to the tests! 	 performance per watt on micro magic's new cpu is eye-popping as compared to typical systems. (it's worth noting that we had no way to run coremark on the m 's slower, less battery-hungry icestorm cores only.) jim salter 	 micro magic's risc-v cpu delivers about / of the raw performance of a single apple m firestorm core at its hyper-efficient ghz clockrate. jim salter 	 if you've got access to a linux system, it's pretty easy to download, compile, and run coremark yourself. jim salter the micro magic cpu is, for the moment, single-core and single-threaded—although huang says it could "easily" be built as a -core part. micro magic has provided figures—and in one case, a screenshot—for performance at ghz, . ghz, and ghz. at the maximally power-efficient ghz clockrate, the micro magic cpu scores about one-fourth the coremarks of either the ryzen u or apple m . at the maximally performant ghz clock, it manages just over a third of their performance. this is enough to let us know that the micro magic chip in its current form isn't a world-class competitor for traditional arm and x cpus in phone or laptop applications—but it's much closer to them than previous risc-v implementations have been. at the power-efficient ghz clockrate, the micro magic cpu is nearly three times faster than, for example, sifive's freedom u cpu running single-threaded. at ghz, it outruns all four of the sifive's cores. enlarge / we can see the micro magic cpu on odroid board here, scoring , iterations/sec over seconds. the multimeter attached to the board is reading mw—according to micro magic, that's a measurement taken during the run, not at idle afterward. micro magic, inc at roughly a quarter the performance of world-leading x and arm mobile processors, the micro magic cpu doesn't sound like much yet. but when we factor in power efficiency, things get crazy. i gave my ryzen and apple processors the benefit of every possible doubt when generating the above charts—i used core power (not total package power) on the ryzen u and ran tests with the gnome desktop shut down. for the apple, i only had access to whole-system power draw, so i subtracted the "desktop idle" power draw from the "under test" power draw. i tested the apple and amd cpus both single-threaded and multithreaded when checking power efficiency. unsurprisingly, both parts produced more performance per watt when exercised with one work thread for each available cpu thread. none of this made much of a dent in the micro magic's commanding lead in power efficiency. at . ghz, the micro magic can accomplish the same workload as the ryzen u with less than one-third the power required. at ghz, that figure plummets to less than one-eighth the power required. what is it good for? the linux operating system already supports risc-v architecture—so for headless or near-headless controllers that simply need to deliver decent performance paired with extreme power efficiency, micro magic's new cpu is likely most of the way there. things get considerably more complicated once you start talking about entire consumer-friendly systems, of course. even aside from hardware considerations like gpu and lte modem, creating an entire android phone based on a non-arm architecture is likely to be a much bigger undertaking. advertisement with that said, it's worth pointing out that—if we take micro magic's numbers for granted—they're already beating the performance of some solid mobile phone cpus. even at its efficiency-first ghz clockrate, the micro magic cpu outperformed a qualcomm snapdragon . the snapdragon isn't world-class anymore, but it's no slouch, either—it was the processor in the us version of samsung's galaxy s . if we use the embc's published single-core score for the snapdragon along with anandtech's single-core cpu power test result, we get about , coremarks per watt. that's triple the efficiency of the ryzen u running single-threaded and a little better than par with it when the ryzen's running an optimally multithreaded workload. in other words, micro magic's prototype cpu is both significantly faster and tremendously more power-efficient than a reasonably modern and still very capable smartphone cpu. conclusions all of this sounds very exciting—micro magic's new prototype is delivering solid smartphone-grade performance at a fraction of the power budget, using an instruction set that linux already runs natively on. better yet, the company itself isn't an unknown. micro magic was originally founded in and was purchased by juniper networks for $ million. in , it was reborn under its original name by the original founders—mark santoro and lee tavrow, who originally worked at sun and led the team that developed the mhz sparc microprocessor. micro magic intends to offer its new risc-v design to customers using an ip licensing model. the simplicity of the design—risc-v requires roughly one-tenth the opcodes that modern arm architecture does—further simplifies manufacturing concerns, since risc-v cpu designs can be built in shuttle runs, sharing space on a wafer with other designs. with that said, it would be an enormous undertaking to port—for example—an entire smartphone ecosystem, such as commercial android, to a new architecture. in addition to building the operating system itself—not just the kernel, but drivers for all hardware from gpu to wi-fi to lte modem, and more—third-party app developers would need to recompile their own applications for the new architecture as well. we're also still taking a pretty fair amount of micro magic's claims at face value. while we've seen a screenshot of an , coremark score, and we've seen a mw power reading, it's not entirely clear that the power reading was representative of the entire benchmark run. still, this is an exciting development. not only does the new design appear to perform well while massively breaking efficiency records, it's doing so with a far more ideologically open design than its competitors. the risc-v isa—unlike x , arm, and even mips—is open and provided under royalty-free licenses. reader comments with posters participating, including story author share this story 	share on facebook 	share on twitter 	share on reddit jim salter jim is an author, podcaster, mercenary sysadmin, coder, and father of three—not necessarily in that order. email jim.salter@arstechnica.com // twitter @jrssnet advertisement you must login or create an account to comment. channel ars technica ← previous story next story → related stories sponsored stories powered by today on ars 	store 	subscribe 	about us 	rss feeds 	view mobile site 	contact us 	staff 	advertise with us 	reprints newsletter signup join the ars orbital transmission mailing list to get weekly updates delivered to your inbox. sign me up → cnmn collection wired media group © condé nast. all rights reserved. use of and/or registration on any portion of this site constitutes acceptance of our user agreement (updated / / ) and privacy policy and cookie statement (updated / / ) and ars technica addendum (effective / / ). ars may earn compensation on sales from links on this site. read our affiliate link policy. your california privacy rights | do not sell my personal information the material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of condé nast. ad choices tara robertson tara robertson diversity, equity + inclusion 	names: respect, inclusion and belonging diversity, equity and inclusion is not about just revising hr policies and processes to be more inclusive and equitable, it’s a lens that you need to view everything through. for product organizations it’s a key lens to look at the product and customer experience.  i’ve been thinking about personal names and how those are a &# ; continue reading names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know i can’t think of any company, country, or industry that has diversity, equity and inclusion all figured out&# ;it’s an emergent space where we’re all learning how to do better. we can always learn from the people leading the work and from the research. i am sharing this list of nine thought leaders who i admire. &# ; continue reading thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know 	diversity equity and inclusion workshops and courses that i’m excited about diversity, equity and inclusion (dei) is a growing business. there are numerous dei tech startups, dei companies, dei consultants and dei certifications. i&# ;ve been underwhelmed by the certifications offered by academic institutions as they are overly theoretical and don&# ;t seem to equip learners with practical skills to do dei work. here are some trainings and &# ; continue reading diversity equity and inclusion workshops and courses that i&# ;m excited about 	glassdoor’s d&i ratings: what does . out of even mean? today i learned that glassdoor recently added diversity and inclusion metrics to their company rankings. my first reaction was excitement&# ;this could drive accountability and increase transparency on diversity, equity and inclusion (dei). we know that many many people care about dei in an employer&# ;s brand, so this seems like useful functionality for candidates researching potential companies. &# ; continue reading glassdoor&# ;s d&# ;i ratings: what does . out of even mean? 	some diversity and inclusion best practices in hiring after years leading diversity and inclusion at mozilla i&# ;m looking for my next job: director or head of diversity, equity and inclusion at a tech company that&# ;s hungry to make systemic change. at mozilla one of my key partnerships was with our talent acquisition team to debias our hiring process and improve the candidate &# ; continue reading some diversity and inclusion best practices in hiring 	looking back, looking forward: end of year reflection and goal setting my winter holiday is coming to an end. i love that i have no idea what day of the week it is, that my new uniform is yoga pants and a hoodie, and i&# ;ve had time to catch up with people i love. after so much rest (and cheese) i&# ;m getting antsy to get back &# ; continue reading looking back, looking forward: end of year reflection and goal setting 	visual representation matters recently i read an article on cbc about a project by nicole hill from six nations of the grand river to create modern stock photos of indigenous people because they couldn&# ;t find representations of people like them to promote development projects. there&# ;s been a bunch of awesome photo projects where people have created their own &# ; continue reading visual representation matters 	ally is a verb, not a noun jeremy dutcher&# ;s music is so beautiful and powerful. the way he talks about hearing his ancestors singing and laughing on archival recordings moves me in a deep way that i have a difficult time explaining with words. his juno acceptance speech for best indigenous music album was badass: he thanked his family and team, he &# ; continue reading ally is a verb, not a noun 	blah, blah, blah: diversity and inclusion, the code lib edition being asked to keynote code lib was a literal dream come true for me. i shared some of the diversity and inclusion work we&# ;re doing at mozilla, called out whiteness and racism in libraries and shared some personal stuff. this wasn&# ;t the first time i&# ;ve cried while giving a talk, but this was the first time &# ; continue reading blah, blah, blah: diversity and inclusion, the code lib edition 	blah blah blah: diversity and inclusion it was such an honour to be invited to speak at national digital forum in wellington. this was the biggest talk i&# ;ve ever done and it&# ;s the first talk i&# ;ve done on the diversity and inclusion. i surprised myself by how emotional i got at the end and it couldn&# ;t have been a safer place &# ; continue reading blah blah blah: diversity and inclusion bibliographic wilderness bibliographic wilderness 	are you talking to heroku redis in cleartext or ssl? in &# ;typical&# ; redis installation, you might be talking to redis on localhost or on a private network, and clients typically talk to redis in cleartext. redis doesn&# ;t even natively support communications over ssl. (or maybe it does now with redis ?) however, the heroku redis add-on (the one from heroku itself) supports ssl connections via &# ;stunnel&# ;, &# ; continue reading are you talking to heroku redis in cleartext or&# ;ssl? &# ; 	comparing performance of a rails app on different heroku formations i develop a &# ;digital collections&# ; or &# ;asset management&# ; app, which manages and makes digitized historical objects and their descriptions available to the public, from the collections here at the science history institute. the app receives relatively low level of traffic (according to google analytics, around k pageviews a month), although we want it to be &# ; continue reading comparing performance of a rails app on different heroku&# ;formations &# ; 	deep dive: moving ruby projects from travis to github actions for ci so this is one of my super wordy posts, if that&# ;s not your thing abort now, but some people like them. we&# ;ll start with a bit of context, then get to some detailed looks at github actions features i used to replace my travis builds, with example config files and examination of options available. for &# ; continue reading deep dive: moving ruby projects from travis to github actions for&# ;ci &# ; 	unexpected performance characteristics when exploring migrating a rails app to heroku i work at a small non-profit research institute. i work on a rails app that is a &# ;digital collections&# ; or &# ;digital asset management&# ; app. basically it manages and provides access (public as well as internal) to lots of files and description about those files, mostly images. it&# ;s currently deployed on some self-managed amazon ec instances &# ; continue reading unexpected performance characteristics when exploring migrating a rails app to&# ;heroku &# ; 	faster_s _url: optimized s url generation in ruby subsequent to my previous investigation about s url generation performance, i ended up writing a gem with optimized implementations of s url generation. github: faster_s _url it has no dependencies (not even aws-sdk). it can speed up both public and presigned url generation by around an order of magnitude. in benchmarks on my macbook compared &# ; continue reading faster_s _url: optimized s url generation in&# ;ruby &# ; 	delete all s key versions with ruby aws sdk v if your s bucket is versioned, then deleting an object from s will leave a previous version there, as a sort of undo history. you may have a &# ;noncurrent expiration lifecycle policy&# ; set which will delete the old versions after so many days, but within that window, they are there. what if you were deleting &# ; continue reading delete all s key versions with ruby aws sdk&# ;v &# ; 	github actions tutorial for ruby ci on drifting ruby i&# ;ve been using travis for free automated testing (&# ;continuous integration&# ;, ci) on my open source projects for a long time. it works pretty well. but it&# ;s got some little annoyances here and there, including with github integration, that i don&# ;t really expect to get fixed after its acquisition by private equity. they also seem to &# ; continue reading github actions tutorial for ruby ci on drifting&# ;ruby &# ; 	more benchmarking optimized s presigned_url generation in a recent post, i explored profiling and optimizing s presigned_url generation in ruby to be much faster. in that post, i got down to using a aws::sigv ::signer instance from the aws sdk, but wondered if there was a bunch more optimization to be done within that black box. julik posted a comment on that &# ; continue reading more benchmarking optimized s presigned_url&# ;generation &# ; 	delivery patterns for non-public resources hosted on s i work at the science history institute on our digital collections app (written in rails), which is kind of a &# ;digital asset management&# ; app combined with a public catalog of our collection. we store many high-resolution tiff images that can be mb+ each, as well as, currently, a handful of pdfs and audio files. we &# ; continue reading delivery patterns for non-public resources hosted on&# ;s &# ; 	speeding up s url generation in ruby it looks like the aws sdk is very slow at generating s urls, both public and presigned, and that you can generate around an order of magnitude faster in both cases. this can matter if you are generating hundreds of s urls at once. my app the app i work is a &# ;digital collections&# ; or &# ; continue reading speeding up s url generation in&# ;ruby &# ; 	a custom local ohms front-end here at the science history institute, we’ve written a custom ohms viewer front-end, to integrate seamlessly with our local custom &# ;content management system&# ; (a rails-based digital repository app with source available), and provide some local functionality like the ability to download certain artifacts related to the oral history. we spent quite a bit of energy &# ; continue reading a custom local ohms&# ;front-end &# ; 	encrypting patron data (in rails): why and how special guest post by eddie rubeiz i&# ;m eddie rubeiz. along with the owner of this blog, jonathan rochkind, and our system administrator, dan, i work on the science history institute&# ;s digital collections website, where you will find, among other marvels, this picture of the inventor of styrofoam posing with a santa &# ;sculpture&# ;, which predates the &# ; continue reading encrypting patron data (in rails): why and&# ;how &# ; 	intentionally considering fixity checking in our digital collections app rewrite at science history institute, we took a moment to step back and  be intentional about how we approach &# ;fixity checking&# ; features and ui, to make sure it&# ;s well-supporting the needs it&# ;s meant to.  i think we do a good job of providing ui to let repository managers and technical &# ; continue reading intentionally considering fixity&# ;checking &# ; 	sprockets and your rails app sprockets . was released on october th , after several years of beta, congratulations and hooray. there are a couple confusing things that may give you trouble trying to upgrade to sprockets that aren&# ;t covered very well in the changelog or upgrade notes, although now that i&# ;ve taken some time to understand it, i &# ; continue reading sprockets and your rails&# ;app &# ; 	open source, engineering professional ethics, complicity, and chef so an open topic of controversy in open source philosophy/ideology/practice (/theology), among those involved in controversing on such things, has been &# ;field of endeavor&# ; restrictions. if i release software i own the copyright to as (quasi-)open source, but i try to say that legally you can&# ;t use it for certain things, or the license suggests &# ; continue reading open source, engineering professional ethics, complicity, and&# ;chef &# ; 	card catalogs: &# ;paper machines&# ; a book i just became aware of that i am very excited about (thanks to jessamyn west for posting a screenshot of her &# ;summer reading&# ; on facebook, bringing it to my attention!) paper machines: about cards &# ; catalogs, - by krajewski phd, markus (author), peter krapp (translator) why the card catalog―a “paper machine” with rearrangeable elements―can be regarded as &# ; continue reading card catalogs: &# ;paper&# ;machines&# ; &# ; 	dealing with legacy and externally loaded code in webpack(er) i&# ;ve been mostly a ruby and rails dev for a while now, and i&# ;ve been a &# ;full-stack web dev&# ; since that was the only kind of web dev. i&# ;ve always been just comfortable enough in javascript to get by &# ; well, until recently. the, i don&# ;t know what you call it, &# ;modern js&# ; (?) advances &# ; continue reading dealing with legacy and externally loaded code in&# ;webpack(er) &# ; 	bootstrap to : changes in how font size, line-height, and spacing is done. or &# ;what happened to $line-height-computed.&# ; bootstrap (i am writing this in the age of . . ) changes some significant things about how it handles font-size, line-height, and spacer variables in sass. in particular, changing font-size calculations from px units to rem units; with some implications for line-heights as handled in bootstrap; and changes to how whitespace is calculated to be &# ; continue reading bootstrap to : changes in how font size, line-height, and spacing is done. or &# ;what happened to $line-height-computed.&# ; &# ; 	what happened to $grid-float-breakpoint in bootstrap . and screen size breakpoint shift from -&# ; . i have an app that customizes bootstrap stylesheets, by re-using bootstrap variables and mixins. my app used the bootstrap $grid-float-breakpoint and $grid-float-breakpoint-max variables in @media queries, to have &# ;complex&# ; layout &# ;collapse&# ; to something compact and small on a small screen. this variable isn&# ;t available in bootstrap anymore.  this post is about bootstrap . . , and &# ; continue reading what happened to $grid-float-breakpoint in bootstrap . and screen size breakpoint shift from -&# ;&# ; . &# ; 	blacklight : current_user or other request context in searchbuilder solr query builder in blacklight, the &# ;searchbuilder&# ; is an object responsible for creating a solr query. a template is generated into your app for customization, and you can write a kind of &# ;plugin&# ; to customize how the query is generated. you might need some &# ;request context&# ; to do this. one common example is the current_user, for various kinds &# ; continue reading blacklight : current_user or other request context in searchbuilder solr query&# ;builder &# ; bandcamp bandcamp discover amazing new music and directly support the artists who make it. electronic metal rock alternative hip-hop/rap experimental punk pop ambient browse all explore music or browse results titled : 	 by see all results music tagged with search 	sign up 	log in bandcamp gift cards hey! please verify your email by clicking the link we sent to . change email / send again bandcamp 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and a whole lot more. learn more 	about us 	fair trade music policy 	jobs 	apps: android ios 	buttons / logos 	terms of use 	privacy 	copyright policy 	gift cards 	bandcamp daily 	facebook 	twitter status 	instagram 	 	contact/help 	log in 	bandcamp for artists 	bandcamp for fans 	bandcamp for labels 	mobile view 	 language:  	 	log in 	about us 	bandcamp daily 	jobs 	gift cards: buy redeem 	apps: android ios 	contact/help 	 language:  	 	fair trade music policy 	terms of use privacy copyright policy 	 bandcamp 	switch to desktop version ranti. centuries.org ranti. centuries.org eternally yours on centuries 	home 	articles 	hello! 	archives 	contact keeping the dream alive - freiheit written by ranti - - t : : z i did not recall when the first time i heard it, but i remembered it was introduced by my cousin. this song from münchener freiheit became one of the songs i listen a lot. the lyrics (see below) resonate stronger nowadays. keeping the dream alive (single version) cover by david groeneveld: cover by kim wilde: lyrics: freiheit - keeping the dream alive tonight the rain is falling full of memories of people and places and while the past is calling in my fantasy i remember their faces the hopes we had were much too high way out of reach but we had to try the game will never be over because we're keeping the dream alive i hear myself recalling things you said to me the night it all started and still the rain is falling makes me feel the way i felt when we parted the hopes we had were much too high way out of reach but we have to try no need to hide no need to run 'cause all the answers come one by one the game will never be over because we're keeping the dream alive i need you i love you the game will never be over because we're keeping the dream alive the hopes we had were much too high way out of reach but we had to try no need to hide no need to run 'cause all the answers come one by one the hopes we had were much too high way out of reach but we had to try no need to hide no need to run 'cause all the answers come one by one the game will never be over because we're keeping the dream alive the game will never be over because we're keeping the dream alive the game will never be over… tags: (none) edit lou reed's walk on the wild side written by ranti - - t : : z if my memory serves me right, i heard about this walk on the wild side song (wikipedia) sometime during my college year in the s. of course, the bass and guitar reef were the one that captured my attention right away. at that time, being an international student here in the us, i was totally oblivious with the lyrics and the references on it. when i finally understood what the lyrics are about, listening to the song makes more sense. here's the footage of the walk on the wild side song (youtube) but what prompted me to write this was started by the version that amanda palmer sang for neil gaiman. i was listening to her cd "several attempts to cover songs by the velvet underground & lou reed for neil gaiman as his birthday approaches" and one of the songs was walk on the wild side. i like her rendition of the songs, which prompted me to find it on youtube. welp, that platform does not disappoint; it's a quite a nice piano rendition. of course, like any other platform that wants you to stay there, youtube also listed various walk on the wild side cover songs. one of them is from alice phoebe lou a singer-songwriter. her rendition using a guitar is also quite enjoyable (youtube) and now i have a new singer-songwriter to keep an eye on. among other videos that were listed on youtube is the one that kinda blew my mind, walk on the wild side - the story behind the classic bass intro featuring herbie flowers which explained that those are two basses layered on top of each other. man, what a nice thing to learn something new about this song. :-) tags: (none) edit tao written by ranti - - t : : z read it from the lazy yogi tags: (none) edit on climate change written by ranti - - t : : z read the whole poem tags: (none) edit tv news archive from the internet archive written by ranti - - t : : z i just learned about the existence of the tv news archive (covering news from until the day before today's date) containing news shows from us tv such as pbs, cbs, abc, foxnews, cnn, etc. you can search by the captions. they also have several curated collections like news clips regarding nsa or snippets or tv around the world i think some of you might find this useful. quite a nice collection, imo. tags: (none) edit public domain day (january , ): what could have entered it in and what did get released written by ranti - - t : : z copyright law is messy, yo. we won't see a lot of notable and important works entering public domain here in the us until . other countries, however, got to enjoy many of them first. public domain reviews put a list of creators whose work are entering the public domain for canada, european union (eu), and many other countries (https://publicdomainreview.org/collections/class-of- /.) for those in eu, nice to see h.g. wells name there (if uk do withdraw, this might end up not applicable to them. but, my knowledge about uk copyright law is zero, so, who knows.) as usual, center of study for the public domain from duke university put a list of some quite well-known works that are still under the extended copyright restriction: http://web.law.duke.edu/cspd/publicdomainday/ /pre- . those works would have been entered the public domain if we use the law that was applicable when they were published. i'm still baffled how current copyright hinders research done and published in to be made available freely. greedy publishers… so, thanks to that, usa doesn't get to enjoy many published works yet. "yet" is the operative word here because we don't know what the incoming administration would do on this topic. considering the next potus is a businessman, i fear the worst. i know: gloomy first of the year thought, but it is what it is. on a cheerful side, check the list from john mark ockerbloom on his online books project. it's quite an amazing project he's been working on. of course, there are also writings made available from hathitrust and gutenberg project, among other things. here's to the next days. xoxo tags: (none) edit for written by ranti - - t : : z read the full poem tags: (none) edit light written by ranti - - t : : z “light thinks it travels faster than anything but it is wrong. no matter how fast light travels, it finds the darkness has always got there first, and is waiting for it.” ― terry pratchett, reaper man tags: (none) edit dot-dot-dot written by ranti - - t : : z more about bertolt brecht poem tags: (none) edit assistive technology written by ranti - - t : : z many people would probably think assistive technology (at) are computer software, applications, or tools that are designed to help blind or deaf people. typically, the first thing that one might have in mind was screen readers, braille display, screen magnifier app for desktop reading, or physical objects like hearing aid, wheel chair, or crutches, a lot of people probably won't think glasses as an at. perhaps because glasses can be highly personalized to fit one's fashion style. tags: (none) edit 	 	 	 	 	 recent popular posts keeping the dream alive - freiheit - - t : : z dot-dot-dot - - t : : z on information seeking report - - t : : z public domain day (january , ): what could have entered it in and what did get released - - t : : z droplets - - t : : z old window #garage - - t : : z lou reed's walk on the wild side - - t : : z tao - - t : : z on climate change - - t : : z © — site powered by strong coffee & pictures of happy puppies this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noncommercial-noderivatives . international license. subscribe login searching dshr's blog dshr's blog i'm david rosenthal, and this is a place to discuss the work i'm doing in digital preservation. tuesday, december , risc vs. cisc the architectural debate between complex instruction set computers (cisc) and reduced instruction set conputers (risc) really took off in the s: in particular, two projects at stanford university and the university of california, berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. stanford's mips would go on to be commercialized as the successful mips architecture, while berkeley's risc gave its name to the entire concept and was commercialized as the sparc. for the last decade or more the debate has seemed frozen, with the cisc x architecture dominating the server and desktop markets, while the risc arm architecture dominated the mobile market. but two recent developments are shaking things up. below the fold, some discussion. read more » posted by david. at : am comments: labels: benchmarks, intellectual property tuesday, december , max ungrounding my post max: the case against boeing is a year old and has accumulated updates in comments. now the aircraft is returning to service, it is time for a new post. below the fold, bjorn fehrm has two interesting posts about the ungrounding. read more » posted by david. at : am no comments: labels: fault tolerance tuesday, november , i rest my case jeff rothenberg's seminal ensuring the longevity of digital documents focused on the threat of the format in which the documents were encoded becoming obsolete, and rendering its content inaccessible. this was understandable, it was a common experience in the preceeding decades. rothenberg described two different approaches to the problem, migrating the document's content from the doomed format to a less doomed one, and emulating the software that accessed the document in a current environment. the web has dominated digital content since , and in the web world formats go obsolete very slowly, if at all, because they are in effect network protocols. the example of ipv shows how hard it is to evolve network protocols. but now we are facing the obsolescence of a web format that was very widey used as the long effort to kill off adobe's flash comes to fruition. fortunately, jason scott's flash animations live forever at the internet archive shows that we were right all along. below the fold, i go into the details. read more » posted by david. at : am comments: labels: digital preservation, emulation, format migration, format obsolescence thursday, november , storage media update my last post on storage media was after a decade, hamr is still nearly here back in july. below the fold, i look at some of the developments since then. read more » posted by david. at : am no comments: labels: storage media thursday, november , even more on the ad bubble i've been writing for some time about the hype around online advertising. there's a lot of evidence that it is ineffective. recently, the uk's information commissioner's office concluded an investigation into cambridge analytica's involvement in the us election and the brexit referendum. at the register, shaun nichols summarizes their conclusions in uk privacy watchdog wraps up probe into cambridge analytica and... it was all a little bit overblown, no?: el reg has heard on good authority from sources in british political circles that cambridge analytica's advertised powers of online suggestion were rather overblown and in fact mostly useless. in the end, it was skewered by its own hype, accused of tangibly influencing the brexit and presidential votes on behalf of political parties and campaigners using its facebook data. yet, no evidence, according to the ico, could be found supporting those specific claims. below the fold i look at this, a recent book on the topic, and other evidence that has emerged since i wrote contextual vs. behavioral advertising. read more » posted by david. at : am comments: labels: advertising, big data, platform monopolies tuesday, november , the order flow the macguffin in the last two books of william gibson's blue ant trilogy is chombo, a reclusive hacker. in spook country he tracks a container full of us currency, and in zero history: "it's the order flow, isn't it?" milgrim had had no intent to ask this at all. hadn't been thinking off it. yet it had emerged. his therapist had told him that ideas, in human relations, had lives of their own. were in a sense autonomous. "of course" "that's what chombo was doing. finding the order flow." "he found it a week before they kidnapped him, but his work, to that point, would have been useless, without him, i mean." "and the market, the whole thing, it's no longer real? because you know the future?" "it's a very tiny slice of the future. the merest paring. minutes." "how many?" bigend had glanced around the empty lounge. "seventeen, presently." "is that enough?" "seven would have been entirely adequate. seven seconds, in most cases." entirely adequate to make hubertus bigend much, much richer, because knowing the order flow allows him to front-run the transactions. wikipedia defines front-running thus: front running, also known as tailgating, is the prohibited practice of entering into an equity (stock) trade, option, futures contract, derivative, or security-based swap to capitalize on advance, nonpublic knowledge of a large ("block") pending transaction that will influence the price of the underlying security. ... a front running firm either buys for its own account before filling customer buy orders that drive up the price, or sells for its own account before filling customer sell orders that drive down the price. front running is prohibited since the front-runner profits from nonpublic information, at the expense of its own customers, the block trade, or the public market. follow me below the fold for a discussion of why the architecture of cryptocurrencies means that no-one needs chombo's mysterious skills to front-run the order flow. read more » posted by david. at : am comments: labels: bitcoin thursday, october , the long now a talk by stewart brand and danny hillis about years ago explaining the concept of the "long now" and the idea of building a , -year clock to illustrate it was what started me thinking about long-term digital preservation. the idea of lots of copies keep stuff safe (lockss), and the acronym came a couple of years later. 	 	hōryū-ji by nekosuki, cc-by-sa now, in the data of long-lived institutions on the long now foundation's blog, alexander rose refers to hōryū-ji: at about , years old, these are the two oldest continuously standing wooden structures in the world. and they’ve replaced a lot of parts of them. they keep the roofs on them, and even in a totally humid and raining environment, the central timbers of these buildings have stayed true. interestingly, this temple was also the place where, over a thousand years ago, a japanese princess had a vision that she needed to send a particular prayer out to the world to make sure that it survived into the future. and so she had, literally, a million wooden pagodas made with the prayer put inside them, and distributed these little pagodas as far and wide as she could. you can still buy these on ebay right now. it’s an early example of the philosophy of “lots of copies keep stuff safe” (lockss). below the fold, more on rose's interesting post. read more » posted by david. at : am no comments: older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) blog rules posts and comments are copyright of their respective authors who, by posting or commenting, license their work under a creative commons attribution-share alike . united states license. off-topic or unsuitable comments will be deleted. dshr dshr in anwr recent comments full comments blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  december ( ) 	risc vs. cisc 	 max ungrounding 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) lockss system has permission to collect, preserve, and serve this archival unit. 	 	 simple theme. powered by blogger. none library tech talk - u-m library library tech talk - u-m library technology innovations and project updates from the u-m library i.t. division 	library it services portfolio academic library service portfolios are mostly a mix of big to small strategic initiatives and tactical projects. systems developed in the past can become a durable bedrock of workflows and services around the library, remaining relevant and needed for five, ten, and sometimes as long as twenty years. there is, of course, never enough time and resources to do everything. the challenge faced by library it divisions is to balance the tension of sustaining these legacy systems while continuing to innovate and develop new services. the university of michigan’s library it portfolio has legacy systems in need of ongoing maintenance and support, in addition to new projects and services that add to and expand the portfolio. we, at michigan, worked on a process to balance the portfolio of services and projects for our library it division. we started working on the idea of developing a custom tool for our needs since all the other available tools are oriented towards corporate organizations and we needed a light-weight tool to support our process. we went through a complete planning process first on whiteboards and paper, then developed an open source tool called tracc for helping us with portfolio management. 	 keys to a dazzling library website redesign the u-m library launched a completely new primary website in july after years of work. the redesign project team focused on building a strong team, internal communication, content strategy, and practicing needs informed design and development to make the project a success. 	sweet sixteen: digital collections completed july - june digital content &amp; collections (dcc) relies on content and subject experts to bring us new digital collections. this year, digital collections were created or significantly enhanced. here you will find links to videos and articles by the subject experts speaking in their own words about the digital collections they were involved in and why they found it so important to engage in this work with us. thank you to all of the people involved in each of these digital collections! 	adding ordered metadata fields to samvera hyrax how to add ordered metadata fields in samvera hyrax. includes example code and links to actual code. 	sinking our teeth into metadata improvement like many attempts at revisiting older materials, working with a couple dozen volumes of dental pamphlets started very simply but ended up being an interesting opportunity to explore the challenges of making the diverse range of materials held in libraries accessible to patrons in a digital environment. and while improving metadata may not sound glamorous, having sufficient metadata for users to be able to find what they are looking for is essential for the utility of digital libraries. 	collaboration and generosity provide the missing issue of the american jewess what started with a bit of wondering and conversation within our unit of the library led to my reaching out to princeton university with a request but no expectations of having that request fulfilled. individuals at princeton, however, considered the request and agreed to provide us with the single issue of the american jewess that we needed to complete the full run of the periodical within our digital collection. especially in these stressful times, we are delighted to bring you a positive story, one of collaboration and generosity across institutions, while also sharing the now-complete digital collection itself. 	how to stop being negative, or digitizing the harry a. franck film collection this article reviews how , + frames of photographic negatives from the harry a. franck collection are being digitally preserved. 	combine metadata harvester: aggregate all the data! the digital public library of america (dpla) has collected and made searchable a vast quantity of metadata from digital collections all across the country. the michigan service hub works with cultural heritage institutions throughout the state to collect their metadata, transform those metadata to be compatible with the dpla’s online library, and send the transformed metadata to the dpla, using the combine aggregator software, which is being developed here at the u of m library. 	hacks with friends retrospective: a pitch to hitch in when the students go on winter break i go to hacks with friends (hwf) and highly recommend and encourage everyone who can to participate in hwf . not only is it two days of free breakfast, lunch, and snacks at the ross school of business, but it’s a chance to work with a diverse cross section of faculty, staff, and students on innovative solutions to complex problems. 	u-m library’s digital collection items are now included in library search the university library’s digital collections, encompassing more than collections with over a million items, are now discoverable through the library’s articles discovery tool, powered by summon. read on to learn about searching this trove of images and text, and how to add it to your library’s summon instance. summon . 	 summon . a history of true civilisation is not one of monuments | aeon ideas become a friend of aeon to save articles and enjoy other exclusive benefits make a donation × newsletter privacy policy aeon email newsletters are issued by the not-for-profit, registered charity aeon media group ltd (australian business number ). this email newsletter privacy statement pertains to the personally identifying information you voluntarily submit in the form of your email address to receive our email newsletters more generally, when visiting the aeon site you should refer to our site privacy policy here. this email newsletter privacy statement may change from time to time and was last revised may, . by clicking ‘subscribe’ you agree to the following: 	we will use the email address you provide to send you daily and/or weekly emails (depending on your selection). we also send occasional donation requests and, no more than once a year, reader surveys. 	the email address/es you provide will be transferred to our external marketing automation service ‘mailchimp’ for processing in accordance with their privacy policy and terms. we use mailchimp to issue our newsletters, donation requests and reader surveys. we have no control over, and assume no responsibility 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the information, if you think any of it is wrong or out of date, you can ask us to change or delete it for you. a history of true civilisation is not one of monuments david wengrow the mariinsky symphony orchestra performs at palmyra in . photo courtesy wikimedia the mariinsky symphony orchestra performs at palmyra in . photo courtesy wikimedia david wengrow is professor of comparative archaeology at university college london. he is the author of the origins of monsters ( ) and what makes civilization? ( nd ed, ). , words edited by sam haselby republish for free support aeon this december support our work to create a unique home for ideas beyond the news cycle. please give now brigid hains editorial director the mariinsky symphony orchestra performs at palmyra in . photo courtesy wikimedia civilisation is back. but it is no longer the preserve of ‘renaissance man’ or of ‘the west’, or even of literate societies. civilisation is a way of talking about human history on the largest scale. from the cave paintings of lascaux to the latest moma exhibition, it binds human history together. but in at least one essential aspect, the concept of civilisation remains fundamentally exclusionary. it is still the stuff of galleries, museums and unesco world heritage sites; of prized images, objects and structures, rather than of living humanity. the prehistoric stone structures of göbekli tepe – where a heritage park has now opened, near the border between turkey and syria – are being mooted as everything from the garden of eden to the cradle of civilisation and the world’s first temple. we still want a civilisation raised up high above the everyday realities of its human makers and keepers. in troubled regions, such as the syrian-turkish border, monuments like these quickly become altars of sacrifice for real human lives. importantly, there have always been other ways of understanding ‘civilisation’. the th-century french anthropologist marcel mauss thought that civilisation should not be reduced to a list of technical or aesthetic achievements. nor should it represent a particular stage of cultural development (‘civilisation’ versus ‘barbarism’, and so on). civilisation could be found in material things, but above all it referred to a potential in human societies. in mauss’s view, civilisation is what happens when discrete societies share morally and materially across boundaries, forming durable relationships that transcend differences. it might seem an abstract debate, but it’s not. let me try to explain. roughly four years have now passed since the military ascendance of daesh or isis in the middle east. isis routinely destroyed or sold antiquities, culminating in their assault on the ancient caravan city of palmyra, in syria, a world heritage site. under isis occupation, palmyra’s roman theatre had become a stage for gruesome atrocities, including the public beheading of khaled al-asaad, a native of modern palmyra, and until then its director of antiquities. in the spring of , after a russian-backed (and, as it turned out, temporary) liberation, palmyra was hosting the mariinsky symphony orchestra. at their performance, an audience of russian soldiers sat to hear bach, prokofiev and shchedrin. the event was designed to present a particular, and i think misguided, idea of civilisation. it was, in the words of russia’s president vladimir putin via live link from moscow, ‘part of humanity’s heritage’. through the ages, palmyra had opened its gates to all manner of foreign gods. ‘everything,’ wrote the russian ancient historian michael rostovtzeff in , ‘is peculiar in the peculiar city of palmyra.’ yet nothing, perhaps, so peculiar as these events of - . what was ‘civilised’ about playing prokofiev in the beautiful wreckage of one ancient syrian city, while the living population of another, aleppo, to the north, was simultaneously under attack? the ancient temples of palmyra were not designed as works of art, to be passively viewed or admired, any more than the caves of lascaux or font-de-gaume were intended as art galleries, or göbekli tepe as a prehistoric version of the sistine chapel. in antiquity, their cult statues demanded live offerings and sacrifices, and now it seemed that they were demanding them again. sacrifice of this kind seems somehow bound up with our modern understandings of ‘heritage’, ‘art’ and ‘civilisation’, in ways that are rarely thought about or articulated. surely what this tells us is that these are, to all intents and purposes, our own modern gods – the gods of the global north. when people use the term ‘early civilisation’, they are mostly referring to pharaonic egypt, inca peru, aztec mexico, han china, imperial rome, ancient greece or other ancient societies of a certain scale and monumentality. all of these were deeply stratified societies, held together mostly by authoritarian government, violence and the radical subordination of women. sacrifice is the shadow lurking behind this concept of civilisation; the sacrifice of freedoms, of life itself, for the sake of something always out of reach – an idea of world order, the mandate of heaven, blessings from those insatiable gods. there is something wrong here. the word ‘civilisation’ stems from a very different source and ideal. in ancient times, civilis meant those qualities of political wisdom and mutual aid that permit societies to organise themselves through voluntary coalition. the modern middle east provides many inspiring examples. in the summer of , a coalition of kurdish units broke the siege of mount sinjar in iraq to provide safe passage, food and shelter for thousands of displaced yazidis. even as i write, the population of mosul is raising to life a new city from the war-torn rubble of the old, street by street, with minimal government support. mutual aid, social cooperation, civic activism, hospitality or simply caring for others: these are the kind of things that actually go to make civilisations. in which case, the true history of civilisation is only just starting to be written. it might begin with what archaeologists call ‘culture areas’ or ‘interaction spheres’, vast zones of cultural exchange and innovation that deserve a more prominent place in our account of civilisation. in the middle east, they have deep roots that become visible towards the end of the last ice age, around , bce. thousands of years before the rise of cities (around bce), village communities already shared basic notions of social order across the region known as the ‘fertile crescent’. physical evidence left behind by common forms of domestic life, ritual and hospitality shows us this deep history of civilisation. it’s in some ways much more inspiring than monuments. the most important findings of modern archaeology might in fact be these vibrant and far-flung networks, where others expected to find only backward and isolated ‘tribes’. these small prehistoric communities formed civilisations in the true sense of extended moral communities. without permanent kings, bureaucrats or standing armies, they fostered the growth of mathematical and calendrical knowledge; advanced metallurgy, the cultivation of olives, vines and date palms, the invention of leavened bread and wheat beer. they developed the major textile technologies applied to fabrics and basketry, the potter’s wheel, stone industries and bead-work, the sail and maritime navigation. through ties of kinship and commerce, they distributed these invaluable and cherished qualities of true civilisation. with ever-increasing accuracy, archaeological evidence allows us to follow the founding threads of this emerging fabric of civilisation, as it crosses the plains of lowland iraq, weaves back and forth between the shores of the mediterranean and the black sea, through the foothills of the taurus and zagros mountains, and down to the marshy head of the persian gulf. civilisation, in this new sense, forms a cultural tapestry of startling complexity and grandeur, centre-less and open-ended, woven from a million tiny social bonds. a moment’s reflection shows that women, their work, their concerns and innovations are at the core of this more accurate understanding of civilisation. tracing the place of women in societies without writing often means using clues left, quite literally, in the fabric of material culture, such as painted ceramics that mimic both textile designs and female bodies in their forms and elaborate decorative structures. to take just one example, it’s hard to believe that the kind of complex mathematical knowledge displayed in early cuneiform documents, or in the layout of urban temples, sprang fully formed from the mind of a male scribe, like athena from the head of zeus. far more likely, these represent knowledge accumulated in preliterate times, through concrete practices such as the applied calculus and solid geometry of weaving and beadwork. what until now has passed for ‘civilisation’ might in fact be nothing more than a gendered appropriation – by men, etching their claims in stone – of some earlier system of knowledge that had women at its centre. from such a starting point, we can see the true history of living civilisation. it reaches back far beyond the earliest monarchies or empires, resisting even the most brutal incursions of the modern state. it’s a civilisation we really can recognise when we see it, taste it, touch it, even in these darkest hours. there can be no justification for the wanton destruction of ancient monuments. but let’s not confuse that with the living pulse of civilisation, which often resides in what at first glance seems small, domestic or mundane. there we will find it, beating patiently, waiting for the light. david wengrow is professor of comparative archaeology at university college london. he is the author of the origins of monsters ( ) and what makes civilization? ( nd ed, ). aeon.co archaeology cosmopolitanism the ancient world october republish for free exclusive video/ family life it’s a clash of cultures when anik’s granddaughter comes home to learn kurdish minutes to marry under the broomstick: detail from netherlandish proverbs ( ) by pieter bruegel the elder (full painting below). courtesy the gemäldegalerie, berlin/wikipedia essay/ rituals and celebrations broomstick weddings from kentucky to wales and all across the atlantic, the enslaved and downtrodden got married – by leaping over a broom. why? tyler d parry physiognomies of russian criminals from the delinquent woman ( ) by cesare lombroso. courtesy the wellcome collection idea/ computing and artificial intelligence algorithms associating appearance and criminality have a dark past catherine stinson the main room at the cave of el castillo in cantabria, spain, showing hand prints and depictions of animals. photo courtesy gabinete de prensa del gobierno de cantabria essay/ art cave art for palaeolithic societies, art-making was both a tool for survival and a tactile, joyous exploration of the world izzy wisher video/ subcultures dented cans, ugly fruit – it’s all tasty (and free) if you’re willing to get your hands dirty minutes photo by annie spratt/unsplash idea/ childhood and adolescence for a child, being carefree is intrinsic to a well-lived life luara ferracioli data unbound : helping organizations access and share data effectively. special focus on web apis for data integration. 	 		data unbound 		helping organizations access and share data effectively. special focus on web apis for data integration. 	 	 	skip to content 	about 	 		 			 				 					 						some of what i missed from the cmd-d automation conference 						 	 	 the cmd-d|masters of automation one-day conference in early august would have been right up my alley: it’ll be a full day of exploring the current state of automation technology on both apple platforms, sharing ideas and concepts, and showing what’s possible—all with the goal of inspiring and furthering development of your own automation projects. fortunately, those of us who missed it can still get a meaty summary of the meeting by listening to the podcast segment upgrade # : masters of automation – relay fm. i've been keen on automation for a long time now and was delighted to hear the panelists express their own enthusiasm for customizing their macs, iphones, or ipads to make repetitive tasks much easier and less time-consuming. noteworthy take-aways from the podcast include: 	something that i hear and believe but have yet to experience in person: non-programmers can make use of automation through applications such as automator — for macos — and workflow for ios. also mentioned often as tools that are accessible to non-geeks: hazel and alfred – productivity app for mac os x. 	automation can make the lives of computer users easier but it's not immediately obvious to many people exactly how. 	to make a lot of headway in automating your workflow, you need a problem that you are motivated to solve. 	many people use applescript by borrowing from others, just like how many learn html and css from copying, pasting, and adapting source on the web. 	once you get a taste for automation, you will seek out applications that are scriptable and avoid those that are not. my question is how to make it easier for developers to make their applications scriptable without incurring onerous development or maintenance costs? 	e-book production is an interesting use case for automation. 	people have built businesses around scripting photoshop [is there really a large enough market?] 	omnigroup's automation model is well worth studying and using. i hope there will be a conference next year to continue fostering this community of automation enthusists and professionals. 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					automation macos 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						fine-tuning a python wrapper for the hypothes.is web api and other #ianno followup 						 	 	 in anticipation of #ianno hack day, i wrote about my plans for the event, one of which was to revisit my own python wrapper for the nascent hypothes.is web api. instead of spending much time on my own wrapper, i spent most of the day working with jon udell's wrapper for the api. i've been working on my own revisions of the library but haven't yet incorporated jon's latest changes. one nice little piece of the puzzle is that i learned how to introduce retries and exponential backoff into the library, thanks to a hint from nick stenning and a nice answer on stackoverflow . other matters in addition to the python wrapper, there are other pieces of follow-up for me. i hope to write more extensively on those matters down the road but simply note those topics for the moment. videos from the conference i might start by watching videos from #ianno conference: i annotate – youtube. because i didn't attend the conference per se, i might glean insight into two particular topics of interest to me (the role of page owner in annotations and the intermingling of annotations in ebooks.) an extension for embedding selectors in the url i will study and try treora/precise-links: browser extension to support web annotation selectors in uris. i've noticed that the same annotation is shown in two related forms: 	https://hyp.is/zj dyi teeetmxvupjlhsw/blog.dataunbound.com/ / / /revisiting-hypothes-is-at-i-annotate- / 	https://blog.dataunbound.com/ / / /revisiting-hypothes-is-at-i-annotate- /#annotations:zj dyi teeetmxvupjlhsw does the precise-links extension let me write the selectors into the url? 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					annotation 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						revisiting hypothes.is at i annotate 						 	 	 i'm looking forward to hacking on web and epub annotation at the #ianno hack day. i won't be at the i annotate conference per se but will be curious to see what comes out of the annual conference. i continue to have high hopes for digital annotations, both on the web and in non-web digital contexts. i have used hypothesis on and off since oct . my experiences so far: 	i like the ability to highlight and comment on very granular sections of articles for comment, something the hypothes.is annotation tool makes easy to do. i appreciate being able to share annotation/highlight with others (on twitter or facebook), though i'm pretty sure most people who bother to click on the links might wonder "what's this" when they click on the link. a small user request: hypothes.is should allow a user to better customize the facebook preview image for the annotation. 	 i've enjoyed using hypothes.is for code review on top of github. (exactly how hypothes.is complements the extensive code-commenting functionality in github might be worth a future blog post.) my plans for hack day python wrapper for hypothes.is this week, i plan to revisit rdhyee/hypothesisapi: a python wrapper for the nascent hypothes.is web api to update or abandon it in favor of new developments. (for example, i should look at kshaffer/pypothesis: python scripts for interacting with the hypothes.is api.) epubs + annotations i want to figure out the state of art for epubs and annotations. i'm happy to see the announcement of a partnership to bring open annotation to ebooks from march . i'd definitely like to figure out how to annotate epubs (e.g., oral literature in africa (at unglue.it) or moby dick). the best approach is probably for me to wait until summer at which time we'll see the fruits of the partnership: together, our goal is to complete a working integration of hypothesis with both epub frameworks by summer . nyu plans to deploy the readiumjs implementation in the nyu press enhanced networked monographs site as a first use case. based on lessons learned in the nyu deployment, we expect to see wider integration of annotation capabilities in ebooks as epub uptake continues to grow. in the meantime, i can catch up on the current state of futurepress/epub.js: enhanced ebooks in the browser., grok epub cfi updates, and relearn how to parse epubs using python (e.g., rdhyee/epub_avant_garde: an experiment to apply ideas from https://github.com/sandersk/ebook_avant_garde to arbitrary epubs). role of page owners i plan to check in on what's going on with efforts at hypothes.is to involve owners in page annotations: in the past months we launched a small research initiative to gather different points of view about website publishers and authors consent to annotation. our goal was to identify different paths forward taking into account the perspectives of publishers, engineers, developers and people working on abuse and harassment issues. we have published a first summary of our discussion on our blog post about involving page owners in annotation. i was reminded of these efforts after reading that audrey watters had blocked annotation services like hypothes.is and genius from her domains: 	un-annotated 	episode : marginalia in the spirit of communal conversation, i threw in my two cents: have there been any serious exploration of easy opt-out mechanisms for domain owners? something like robots.txt for annotation tools? 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					annotation 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						my thoughts about fargo.io using fargo.io 						 	 	 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					uncategorized 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						organizing your life with python: a submission for pycon ? 						 	 	 i have penciled into my calendar a trip  to montreal to attend pycon .   in my moments of suboptimal planning, i wrote an overly ambitious abstract for a talk or poster session i was planning to submit.  as i sat down this morning to meet the deadline for submitting a proposal for a poster session (nov ), i once again encountered the ominous (but for me, definitive) admonition: avoid presenting a proposal for code that is far from completion. the program committee is very skeptical of "conference-driven development". it's true: my efforts to organize my life with python are in the early stages. i hope that i'll be able to write something like the following for pycon . organizing your life with python david allen's getting things done (gtd) system is a popular system for personal productivity. although gtd can be implemented without any computer technology, i have pursued two different digital implementations, including my current implementation using evernote, the popular note-taking program. this talk explores using python in conjunction with the evernote api to implement gtd on top of evernote. i have found that a major practical hinderance for using gtd is that it way too easy to commit to too many projects. i will discuss how to combine evernote, python, gtd with concepts from personal kanban to solve this problem. addendum: whoops…i find it embarrassing that i already quoted my abstract in a previous blog post in september that i had forgotten about. oh well. where's my fully functioning organization system when i need it! tagged pycon, python 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					evernote gtd 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						current status of data unbound llc in pennsylvania 						 	 	 i'm currently in the process of closing down data unbound llc in pennsylvania.  i submitted the paperwork to dissolve the legal entity in april and have been amazed to learn that it may take up to a year to get the final approval done.  in the meantime, as i establishing a similar california legal entity, i will certainly continue to write on this blog about apis, mashups, and open data. 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					data unbound llc 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						must get cracking on organizing your life with python 						 	 	 talk and tutorial proposals for pycon are due tomorrow ( / ) .  i was considering submitting a proposal until i took the heart the appropriate admonition against "conference-driven" development of the program committee.   i will nonetheless use the oct and nov deadlines for lightning talks and proposals respectively to judge whether to submit a refinement of the following proposal idea: organizing your life with python david allen's getting things done (gtd) system is a popular system for personal productivity.  although gtd can be implemented without any computer technology, i have pursued two different digital implementations, including my current implementation using evernote, the popular note-taking program.  this talk explores using python in conjunction with the evernote api to implement gtd on top of evernote. i have found that a major practical hinderance for using gtd is that it way too easy to commit to too many projects.  i will discuss how to combine evernote, python, gtd with concepts from personal kanban to solve this problem.   						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					getting things done python 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						embedding github gists in wordpress 						 	 	 as i gear up i to write more about programming, i have installed the embed github gist plugin. so by writing [gist id= ] in the text of this post, i can embed https://gist.github.com/rdhyee/ into the post to get: from itertools import islice def triangular(): n = i = while true: yield n i += n += i # <codecell> for i, n in enumerate(islice(triangular(), )): print i+ , n tagged gist, github 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					wordpress 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						working with open data 						 	 	 i'm very excited to be teaching a new course working with open data at the uc berkeley school of information in the spring semester: open data — data that is free for use, reuse, and redistribution — is an intellectual treasure-trove that has given rise to many unexpected and often fruitful applications. in this course, students will ) learn how to access, visualize, clean, interpret, and share data, especially open data, using python, python-based libraries, and supplementary computational frameworks and ) understand the theoretical underpinnings of open data and their connections to implementations in the physical and life sciences, government, social sciences, and journalism.   						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					uncategorized 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				 					 						a mundane task: updating a config file to retain old settings 						 	 	 i want to have a hand in creating an excellent personal information manager (pim) that can be a worthy successor to ecco pro. so far, running eccoext (a clever and expansive hack of ecco pro) has been a eminently practical solution.   you can download the most recent version of this actively developed extension from the files section of the ecco_pro yahoo! group.   i would do so regularly but one of the painful problems with unpacking (using unrar) the new files is that there wasn't an updater that would retain the configuration options of the existing setup.  so a mundane but happy-making programming task of this afternoon was to write a python script to do exact that function, making use of the builtin configparser library. """ compare eccoext.ini files my goal is to edit the new file so that any overlapping values take on the current value """ current_file_path = "/private/tmp/ /c/program files/ecco/eccoext.ini" new_file_path = "/private/tmp/ /c/utils/eccoext.ini" updated_file = "/private/tmp/ /c/utils/updated_eccoext.ini" # extract the key value pairs in both files to compare the two # http://docs.python.org/library/configparser.html import configparser def extract_values(fname): # generate a parsed configuration object, set of (section, options) config = configparser.safeconfigparser() options_set = set() config.read(fname) sections = config.sections() for section in sections: options = config.options(section) for option in options: #value = config.get(section,option) options_set.add((section,option)) return (config, options_set) # process current file and new file (current_config, current_options) = extract_values(current_file_path) (new_config, new_options) = extract_values(new_file_path) # what are the overlapping options overlapping_options = current_options & new_options # figure out which of the overlapping options are the values different for (section,option) in overlapping_options: current_value = current_config.get(section,option) new_value = new_config.get(section,option) if current_value != new_value: print section, option, current_value, new_value new_config.set(section,option,current_value) # write the updated config file with open(updated_file, 'wb') as configfile: new_config.write(configfile) 						 					 				 				 					 					raymond yee					ecco pro python 					comments ( ) 					permalink 				 			 			 				« older posts 				 			 		 	 	 			pages 	about 	 				categories 					amazon 	annotation 	announcments 	apis 	architecture 	art history 	automation 	bibliographics 	bioinformatics 	bplan 	chickenfoot 	citizendium 	collaboration 	consulting 	copyright 	creative commons 	data mining 	data unbound llc 	digital scholarship 	ecco pro 	education 	evernote 	firefox 	flickr 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decommodifying and remediating existence emancipation from labour requires us to democratize and decommodify the economy as a whole 		 			october , october , 		 			 	 		 photo by dylan nolte on unsplash by stefanie gerold, ernest aigner, maja hoffmann and louison cahen-fourot in may this year, a group of well-known academics launched an initiative to reform work in light of the coronavirus pandemic and the environmental crisis. the manifesto, work: democratise, decommodify, remediate, has so far been published in newspapers around the world, and signed by more than , people. referring to the essential contribution of workers to society and the economy – made ever more apparent during the pandemic – the manifesto argues that employees should be involved in decision-making processes in firms. it further raises the problem of leaving key human needs such as health to market forces, and therefore demands publicly funded job guarantees. in light of the environmental crisis, the manifesto calls for conditioning state bail-outs on certain environmental standards and on the presence of democratic principles within firms. it considers democratically governed firms best suited to achieve a transition towards sustainable business. we hope that this initiative stimulates the much-needed public debate on the role of work in society. we fully share the demands to democratize firms, decommodify work, and remediate the environment in principle. however, certain suggestions point in the wrong direction and fall short of the progressive potential in current debates on work. the authors also draw an uncritically positive picture of work and are surprisingly silent about the many problems associated with work. democratization. the letter rightly points to the exclusion of workers from most decision-making processes in firms. extending the principle of democracy into the realm of work is long overdue, and implementing co-determination in firms is therefore important. this does not, however, change the major purpose of privately-owned businesses: generating profit for capital owners. placing workers’ interests at centre stage requires different business models altogether, such as cooperatives that are owned and self-managed by their workers. nonetheless, the implied vision of a future where you need a job in order to have a say in economic decision-making is exclusionary and fundamentally undemocratic. it leaves out large parts of the population and continues to marginalize unemployed persons and unpaid (care) activities. a true democratization of work needs to go much further and encompass the democratization of the entire economy, whereby society as a whole decides on what is being produced, how and for whose benefit. collective deliberation about, for example, the purpose of the financial sector, or the necessity of jobs in the weapons industry, might also question the rising number of ‘bullshit jobs’ that are considered useless, or even destructive, for society. the coronavirus pandemic has clearly revealed the rather limited list of jobs and sectors that are essential for meeting society’s basic needs. decommodification. the second claim of the letter demands that work be partly exempted from market mechanisms. we fully agree that essential areas of life should be taken out of the realm of markets. however, “ensuring that all people have access to work” would potentially exacerbate, rather than solve, the problem. the pandemic has clearly shown our dependency on work in order to make a living. regardless of whether our job is useful to society or grants dignity, we are required to sell our labour in order to earn money to meet our needs. a “right to work” scheme, as proposed by the letter, might indeed tackle the unemployment issue, and it might also help to ensure that basic social needs are met. however, implemented in a society equating work with personal achievement and access to social rights, it would also reinforce people’s material and cultural dependency on work. to be truly emancipatory, a “right to work” scheme needs to be mirrored by a “right to live well” that is granted to all – independent of one’s capacity to work, and independent of economic or health crises setting large parts of the labour force free. a “right to live well” scheme would make access to social welfare institutions independent from work and provide the necessary infrastructure to live a meaningful life independent of work. such a scheme could take the form of an in-kind universal basic income providing health, education, housing, energy, transportation and food through full socialization of these sectors. moreover, the idea of grounding “citizenship in firms” because “one’s mind and body, one’s health – one’s very life” is invested in work, seems a rather dystopian vision of the future, whereby the wage relation becomes ever more central to social life. we believe an emancipatory and desirable vision would instead limit the personal and societal relevance of work, so that it is one aspect of life but does not determine life entirely. environmental remediation. the letter rightly argues that any response to the coronavirus-induced economic crisis needs to include environmental considerations. it finds that democratically led firms are best able to achieve such a transition. although this is true in some cases, fractions of organized labour have also repeatedly opposed needed changes. especially in inherently unsustainable industries, such as coal, steel, or aviation, workers’ rights for participation would most likely not result in the required changes – namely a significant downsizing of these industries and therefore the phasing out of most jobs. it is important to understand that work, whether in industry or services, is always a process that consumes energy and resources, and currently at clearly unsustainable levels. as scientific studies have pointed out, we need to reduce the overall amount of work in order to stay on trajectories compatible with ecological limits. why should we try to come up with new tasks to keep everyone busy? instead, we could reduce work hours and redistribute the remaining necessary work more evenly across society, accompanied by a broad, democratic debate about the usefulness and harmfulness of work. democratizing and decommodifying work, and remediating the environment are essential to sustain life on this planet. however, this cannot be done through limiting ourselves to well-worn social democratic thinking. nor can it be done through uncritically considering work as inherently positive, or without reflecting on the role of work in contemporary capitalism. societies, rather than markets or firms, should decide what kind of work is done and considered useful and valuable. emancipation from labour requires us to democratize and decommodify the economy as a whole, to transform it to become sustainable, and to enable us to live well independent of work. it requires us to democratize, decommodify and remediate our very existence. the work: democratise, decommodify, remediate manifesto was further developed into a book. the french version of this book was released on october , . note: a french version of this commentary on the manifesto was published on may , in le monde online. a german version was published on july , as a blog article in der freitag. stefanie gerold is a researcher at technical university of berlin (tu berlin), ernest aigner, maja hoffmann and louison cahen-fourot are researchers at vienna university of economics and business (wu vienna). 	 	 		posted in futurestagged cooperatives, decommodification, democracy, labour, work, worker autonomy	 	 		post navigation 		renewable energy september & october readings 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 aaron swartz aaron swartz 	 weblog · twitter · links · quotes aaron swartz is the founder of demand progress, which launched the campaign against the internet censorship bills (sopa/pipa) and now has over a million members. he is also a contributing editor to the baffler and on the council of advisors to the rules. he is a frequent television commentator and the author of numerous articles on a variety of topics, especially the corrupting influence of big money on institutions including nonprofits, the media, politics, and public opinion. from - , he researched these topics as a fellow at the harvard ethics center lab on institutional corruption. he also served on the board of change congress, a good government nonprofit. he has also developed the site theinfo.org. his landmark analysis of wikipedia, who writes wikipedia?, has been widely cited. working with web inventor tim berners-lee at mit, he helped develop and popularize standards for sharing data on the web. he also coauthored the rss . specification, now widely used for publishing news stories. server information sidebar: this site is being served from an ubuntu box with gb of ram. the server is currently provided by several people. thanks to: his piece with photographer taryn simon, image atlas ( ), is has been featured in the new museum. in , he led the development of the nonprofit open library, an ambitious project to collect information about every book ever published. he also cofounded the online news site reddit, where he released as free software the web framework he developed, web.py. me@aaronsw.com aaronhqn sfv mnenmvyvyzrzreph original articles on this site are cc by-nc-sa licensed unless otherwise stated. last updated december none d-lib magazine 	 	 	search d-lib:	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		home | about d-lib | current issue | archive | indexes | calendar | author guidelines | subscribe | contact d-lib	  	 	 		 d - l i b   m a g a z i n e issn: - | https://doi.org/ . /dlib.magazine   d-lib magazine suspended publication of new issues in july . corporation for national research initiatives will continue to maintain the d-lib magazine archive, however, suggestions for long-term archiving are welcome, as are thoughts from the community on any alternate usage of the d-lib brand that would benefit the research community that has been served by d-lib's virtual pages over the last two decades. send suggestions to dlib@dlib.org.   	 		 d-lib magazine was produced by corporation for national research initiatives. prior to april , the magazine was sponsored by the defense advanced research project agency (darpa) on behalf of the digital libraries initiative under grant no. n - - - , and by the national science foundation (nsf) under grant no. iis- . from through , contributions by subscribers to the d-lib alliance provided financial support for the continued open access publication of d-lib magazine. in particular, d-lib thanks crossref, and hesburgh libraries at university of notre dame for their long-time membership in the d-lib alliance. privacy policy copyright© corporation for national research initiatives d-lib is registered in the u.s. patent and trademark office. 	 d-lib magazine an electronic publication with a primary focus on digital library research and development. http://www.dlib.org/ 	 		 		 	 	 		 d-lib magazine 		 https://doi.org/ . /dlib.magazine 		 d-lib magazine ceased publishing new issues in july . this rss feed will no longer be updated. 	 	 tara robertson – diversity, equity + inclusion 	skip to content 	 		 			 										tara robertson 											diversity, equity + inclusion 										menu and widgets 			 		 			 		 		 					 				pages 				about 	presentations 	publications 	selected media and talks 	contact 			 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 			 this work by tara robertson is licensed under a creative commons attribution . international license. 		follow me on twitter my tweets			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 			 	 	 		names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	 	 		 diversity, equity and inclusion is not about just revising hr policies and processes to be more inclusive and equitable, it’s a lens that you need to view everything through. for product organizations it’s a key lens to look at the product and customer experience.  i’ve been thinking about personal names and how those are a point of inclusion and belonging, or not. names are personal, and for many of us, an important part of our identity. continue reading names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	 	 	 		posted on december , december , comment on names: respect, inclusion and belonging			 	 	 		thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know 	 	 		 i can’t think of any company, country, or industry that has diversity, equity and inclusion all figured out–it’s an emergent space where we’re all learning how to do better. we can always learn from the people leading the work and from the research. i am sharing this list of nine thought leaders who i admire. i admire that they center their values in their work, drive results and are generous in sharing their thoughts and ideas. it is weighted towards women of colour and queers in the tech sector. i think these people’s work experience, formal credentials and lived experience, makes what they have to say extremely valuable.  continue reading thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know 	 	 	 		posted on november , november , leave a comment on thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know			 	 	 		diversity equity and inclusion workshops and courses that i’m excited about 	 	 		 photo by jacob lund from noun project diversity, equity and inclusion (dei) is a growing business. there are numerous dei tech startups, dei companies, dei consultants and dei certifications. i’ve been underwhelmed by the certifications offered by academic institutions as they are overly theoretical and don’t seem to equip learners with practical skills to do dei work. here are some trainings and workshops that are coming up that i’m excited about. continue reading diversity equity and inclusion workshops and courses that i’m excited about 	 	 	 		posted on october , november , leave a comment on diversity equity and inclusion workshops and courses that i’m excited about			 	 	 		glassdoor’s d&i ratings: what does . out of even mean? 	 	 		 stars by darko pevec, licensed under creative commons today i learned that glassdoor recently added diversity and inclusion metrics to their company rankings. my first reaction was excitement–this could drive accountability and increase transparency on diversity, equity and inclusion (dei). we know that many many people care about dei in an employer’s brand, so this seems like useful functionality for candidates researching potential companies. glassdoor launched these user submitted d&i reviews with companies. salesforce scored the highest, with . / . that’s great! but what does it mean? continue reading glassdoor’s d&i ratings: what does . out of even mean? 	 	 	 		posted on october , november , tags dei, diversity and inclusion, diversity equity and inclusion, metricsleave a comment on glassdoor’s d&i ratings: what does . out of even mean?			 	 	 		some diversity and inclusion best practices in hiring 	 	 		 image from women of color in tech stock images collection after years leading diversity and inclusion at mozilla i’m looking for my next job: director or head of diversity, equity and inclusion at a tech company that’s hungry to make systemic change. at mozilla one of my key partnerships was with our talent acquisition team to debias our hiring process and improve the candidate experience. now i’m on the candidate side looking for jobs. here’s some of my observations. continue reading some diversity and inclusion best practices in hiring 	 	 	 		posted on august , november , leave a comment on some diversity and inclusion best practices in hiring			 	 	 		looking back, looking forward: end of year reflection and goal setting 	 	 		 my winter holiday is coming to an end. i love that i have no idea what day of the week it is, that my new uniform is yoga pants and a hoodie, and i’ve had time to catch up with people i love. after so much rest (and cheese) i’m getting antsy to get back to my regular routine. for the past years i’ve done some kind of looking back on the last year and setting goals/intentions/directions for the next one. i really enjoy this type of reflection. here’s some free tools i’ve used to help structure that reflection. continue reading looking back, looking forward: end of year reflection and goal setting 	 	 	 		posted on december , november , leave a comment on looking back, looking forward: end of year reflection and goal setting			 	 	 			 		 	 		visual representation matters 	 	 		 recently i read an article on cbc about a project by nicole hill from six nations of the grand river to create modern stock photos of indigenous people because they couldn’t find representations of people like them to promote development projects. there’s been a bunch of awesome photo projects where people have created their own visual representations of their communities. continue reading visual representation matters 	 	 	 		posted on december , november , leave a comment on visual representation matters			 	 	 		ally is a verb, not a noun 	 	 		 jeremy dutcher‘s music is so beautiful and powerful. the way he talks about hearing his ancestors singing and laughing on archival recordings moves me in a deep way that i have a difficult time explaining with words. his juno acceptance speech for best indigenous music album was badass: he thanked his family and team, he asked the other nominees to stand up and praised their work for creating space and defying a single genre, then he called out the canadian prime minister for supporting pipelines, for sending in militarized police forces into unceeded territory and for the boil water advisory that exists in many first nations communities. he was interrupted by the music playing him off. later the arkells, who won the rock album of the year, said a quick thank you and stepped back and invited jeremy dutcher to finish what he was saying. before yesterday it was outside my imagination that a rock band would step back and give a two spirit indigenous opera singer space their time and space on the stage. i think of allyship as a verb, not as a noun, and this was a beautiful example of this. all of this is such an inspiration for me to speak truth to power, to use some of my time to hold up my colleagues’ work on the stage, and to think about where i can step back and literally create time and space for others. 	 	 	 		posted on march , march , tags ally, diversity and inclusion, indigenous brilliancceleave a comment on ally is a verb, not a noun			 	 	 			 		 	 		blah, blah, blah: diversity and inclusion, the code lib edition 	 	 		 being asked to keynote code lib was a literal dream come true for me. i shared some of the diversity and inclusion work we’re doing at mozilla, called out whiteness and racism in libraries and shared some personal stuff. this wasn’t the first time i’ve cried while giving a talk, but this was the first time the tears weren’t about trauma. i was overwhelmed with the feeling of what is possible when you are loved and supported by friends and community. i had some of my dearest library friends sitting in the front row holding space for me. in my s and s my work was often fuelled by anger and i was all about burning systems down. now that i’m in my s i’m exploring what it means to be fuelled by love and interdependence. i’m exploring what it means to have privilege and responsibility, and the type of work it takes to build the systems that are liberatory. it’s a new kind of vulnerability that is terrifying, yet incredibly freeing. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwlsbij jja&fbclid=iwar kjsbpxifuhmgv w btdx -lu-wrxdzcrdh jdrn bsc ycneqbqlpea#t= m s here’s my original deck. i deviated a bit from the slides a bit in the actual talk. continue reading blah, blah, blah: diversity and inclusion, the code lib edition 	 	 	 		posted on february , november , tags code lib, diversity and inclusion, libraries, racism, whitenessleave a comment on blah, blah, blah: diversity and inclusion, the code lib edition			 	 	 		blah blah blah: diversity and inclusion 	 	 		it was such an honour to be invited to speak at national digital forum in wellington. this was the biggest talk i’ve ever done and it’s the first talk i’ve done on the diversity and inclusion. i surprised myself by how emotional i got at the end and it couldn’t have been a safer place to share my ideas and my feelings. continue reading blah blah blah: diversity and inclusion 	 	 	 		posted on november , november , tags d&i, diversity, inclusion, ndfnzleave a comment on blah blah blah: diversity and inclusion			 	 		posts navigation 		page page … page next page 	 		 	 	 	 		 									 				proudly powered by wordpress			 		 	 acrl techconnect 	 		skip to content 		 			 				 					 											acrl techconnect 									 									menu 					 													 									about 	authors 							 						 											 							 					 		 	 		 		 			 			 	 		 		broken links in the discovery layer—pt. ii: towards an ethnography of broken links 	 	 	 	 		 this post continues where my last one left off, investigating broken links in our discovery layer. be forewarned—most of it will be a long, dry list of all the mundane horrors of librarianship. metadata mismatches, ezproxy errors, and openurl resolvers, oh my! what does it mean when we say a link is broken? the simplest definition would be: when a link that claims to lead to full text does not. but the way that many discovery layers work is by translating article metadata into a query in a separate database, which leads to some gray areas. what if the link leads to a search with only a single result, the resource in question? what if the link leads to a search with two results, a dozen, a hundred…and the resource is among them? what if the link leads to a journal index and it takes some navigation to get to the article’s full text? where do we draw the line? the user’s expectation is that selecting something that says “full text” leads to the source itself. i think all of the above count as broken links, though they obviously range in severity. some mean that the article simply cannot be accessed while others mean that the user has to perform a little more work. for the purposes of this study, i am primarily concerned with the first case: when the full text is nowhere near the link’s destination. as we discuss individual cases reported by end users, it will solidify our definition. long list i’m going to enumerate some types of errors i’ve seen, providing a specific example and detailing its nature as much as possible to differentiate the errors from each other. . the user selects a full text link but is taken to a database query that doesn’t yield the desired result. we had someone report this with an article entitled “land use: u.s. soil erosion rates–myth and reality” in summon which was translated into a query on the article’s issn, publication title, and an accidentally truncated title (just “land use”). the query fails to retrieve the article but does show other results. the article is present in the database and can be retrieved by editing the query, for instance by changing the title parameter to “u.s. soil erosion rates”. indeed, the database has the title as “u.s. soil erosion rates–myth and reality”. the article appears to be part of a recurring column and is labelled “policy forum: land use” which explains the discovery layer’s representation of the title. fundamentally, the problem is a disagreement about the title between the discovery layer and database. as another example, i’ve seen this problem occur with book reviews where one side prefixes the title with “review:” while the other does not. in a third instance of this, i’ve seen a query title = "julia brannen peter moss "and" ann mooney working "and" caring over the twentieth century palgrave macmillan basingstoke hampshire pp hbk £ isbn " where a lot of ancillary text spilled into the title. . the user is looking for a specific piece except the destination database combines this piece with similar ones into a single record with a generic title such that incoming queries fail. so, for instance, our discovery layer’s link might become a title query for book review: bad feminist by roxane gay in the destination, which only has an article named “book reviews” in the same issue of the host publication. in my experience, this is one of the more common discovery layer problems and can be described as a granularity mismatch. the discovery layer and subscription database disagree about what the fundamental unit of the publication is. while book reviews often evince this problem, so too do letters to the editor, opinion pieces, and recurring columns. . an article present in one of our subscription databases is not represented in the discovery layer, despite the database being correctly selected in the knowledgebase that informs the discovery system’s index. we’re able to read the article “kopfkino: julia phillips’ sculptures beyond the binary” in an ebsco database that provides access to the journal flash art international but no query in summon can retrieve it as a result. i suppose this is not technically a broken link as a non-existent link but it falls under the general umbrella of discovery layer content problems. . the exact inverse of the above: an article is correctly represented by the discovery layer index as being part of a database subscription that the user should have access to, but the article does not actually exist within the source database due to missing content. this occurred with an interview of howard willard in american artist from . while our subscription to art & architecture source does indeed include the issue of american artist in question, and one can read other articles from it, there was no record for the interview itself in ebscohost nor are its pages present in any of the pdf scans of the issue. . the user is looking for an article that is combined with another, even though the source seems to agree that they should be treated separately. for instance, one of our users was looking for the article “musical curiosities in athanasius kircher’s antiquarian visions” in the journal music in art but summon’s link lands on a broken link resolver page in the destination ebsco database. it turns out, upon closer inspection, that the pages for this article are appended to the pdf of the article that appears before it. all other articles for the issue have their own record. this is an interesting hybrid metadata/content problem similar to granularity mismatch: while there is no record for the article itself in the database, the article’s text is present. yet unlike some granularity mismatches it is impossible to circumvent via search; you have to know to browse the issue and utilize page numbers to locate it. . the user selects a link to an article published within the past year in a journal with a year-long embargo. the discovery layer shows a “full text online” link but because the source’s link resolver doesn’t consider an embargoed article to be a valid destination, the link lands on an error page. this is an instance where summon would, ideally, at least take to you to the article’s citation page but in any case the user won’t be able to retrieve the full text. . the user selects an article that is in a journal not contained within any of the library’s database subscriptions. this is usually simple knowledge base error where the journal lists for a database changed without being updated in the discovery layer index. still, it’s quite common because not all subscription changes are published in a machine-readable manner that would allow discovery layers to automate their ingestion. . the user selects an article listed as being published in in the discovery layer, while the source database has so the openurl fails to resolve properly. upon investigation, this date mismatch can be traced back to the journal’s publisher which lists the individual articles as being published in while the issue in which they are contained comes from . the summon support staff rightly points out to me that they can’t simply change the article dates to match one source; while it might fix some links, it will break others, and this date mismatch is a fundamentally unsolvable disagreement. this issue highlights the brittleness of real world metadata; publishers, content aggregators, and discovery products do not live in harmony. reviewing the list of problems, this dual organization seems to helpfully group like issues: 	metadata & linking problems	metadata mismatch ( , , ) 	granularity mismatch ( ) 	link resolver error ( ) 	index problems	article not in database/journal/index ( , , , ) 	journal not in database ( ) of these three, the first category accounts for the vast majority of problems according to my anecdata. it’s notable that issues overlap and their classification is inexact. when a link to an embargoed article fails, should we say that is due to the article being “missing” or a link resolver issue? whatever the case, it is often clear when a link is broken even if we could argue endlessly about how exactly. there are also a host of problems that we, as librarians, cause. we might misconfigure ezproxy for a database or fail to keep our knowledge base holdings up to date. the difference with these problems is that they tend to happen once and then be resolved forever; i fix the ezproxy stanza, i remove access to the database we unsubscribed from. so the proportion of errors we account for is vanishingly low, while these other errors are eternal. no matter how many granularity mismatches or missing articles in i point out, there are always millions more waiting to cause problems for our users. notes 	 this sort of incredibly poor handling of punctuation in queries is sadly quite common. even though, in this instance, the source database and discovery layer are made by the same company the link between them still isn’t prepared to handle a colon in a text string. consider how many academic articles have colons in their title. this is not good. ↩ 	 	 		 author eric phetteplaceposted on july , categories discovery, metadata comment on broken links in the discovery layer—pt. ii: towards an ethnography of broken links			 	 		 		broken links in the discovery layer—pt. i: researching a problem 	 	 	 	 		 like many administrators of discovery layers, i’m constantly baffled and frustrated when users can’t access full text results from their searches. after implementing summon, we heard a few reports of problems and gradually our librarians started to stumble across them on their own. at first, we had no formal system for tracking these errors. eventually, i added a script which inserted a “report broken link” form into our discovery layer’s search results. i hoped that collecting reported problems and then reporting then would identify certain systemic issues that could be resolved, ultimately leading to fewer problems. pointing out patterns in these errors to vendors should lead to actual progress in terms of user experience. from the broken links form, i began to cull some data on the problem. i can tell you, for instance, which destination databases experience the most problems or what the character of the most common problems is. the issue is the sample bias—are the problems that are reported really the most common? or are they just the ones that our most diligent researchers (mostly our librarians, graduate students, and faculty) are likely to report? i long for quantifiable evidence of the issue without this bias. how i classify the broken links that have been reported via our form. n = select searches & search results so how would one go about objectively studying broken links in a discovery layer? the first issue to solve is what searches and search results to review. luckily, we have data on this—we can view in our analytics what the most popular searches are. but a problem becomes apparent when one goes to review those search terms: 	artstor 	hours 	jstor 	kanopy of course, the most commonly occurring searches tend to be single words. these searches all trigger “best bet” or database suggestions that send users directly to other resources. if their result lists do contain broken links, those links are unlikely to ever be visited, making them a poor choice for our study. if i go a little further into the set of most common searches, i see single-word subject searches for “drawing” followed by some proper nouns (“suzanne lacy”, “chicago manual of style”). these are better since it’s more likely users actually select items from their results but still aren’t a great representation of all the types of searches that occur. why are these types of single-word searches not the best test cases? because search phrases necessarily have a long tail distribution; the most popular searches aren’t that popular in the context of the total quantity of searches performed . there are many distinct search queries that were only ever executed once. our most popular search of “artstor”? it was executed times over the past two years. yet we’ve had somewhere near , searches in the past six months alone. this supposedly popular phrase has a negligible share of that total. meanwhile, just because a search for “how to hack it as a working parent. jaclyn bedoya, margaret heller, christina salazar, and may yan. code lib ( ) iss. ″ has only been run once doesn’t mean it doesn’t represent a type of search—exact citation search—that is fairly common and worth examining, since broken links during known item searches are more likely to be frustrating. even our most popular searches evince a long tail distribution. so let’s say we resolve the problem of which searches to choose by creating a taxonomy of search types, from single-word subjects to copy-pasted citations. we can select a few real world samples of each type to use in our study. yet we still haven’t decided which search results we’re going to examine! luckily, this proves much easier to resolve. people don’t look very far down in the search results , rarely scrolling past the first “page” listed (summon has an infinite scroll so there technically are no pages, but you get the idea). only items within the first ten results are likely to be selected. once we have our searches and know that we want to examine only the first ten or so results, my next thought is that it might be worth filtering our results that are unlikely to have problems. but does skipping the records from our catalog, institutional repository, libguides, etc. make other problems abnormally more apparent? after all, these sorts of results are likely to work since we’re providing direct links to the summon link. also, our users do not heavily employ facets—they would be unlikely to filter out results from the library catalog. in a way, by focusing a study on search results that are the most likely to fail and thus give us information about underlying linking issues, we’re diverging away from the typical search experience. in the end, i think it’s worthwhile to stay true to more realistic search patterns and not apply, for instance, a “full text online” filter which would exclude our library catalog. next time on tech connect—oh how many ways can things go wrong?!? i’ll start investigating broken links and attempt to enumerate their differing natures. notes 	 this script was largely copied from robert hoyt of fairfield university, so all credit due to him. ↩ 	 for instance, see: beitzel, s. m., jensen, e. c., chowdhury, a., frieder, o., & grossman, d. ( ). temporal analysis of a very large topically categorized web query log. journal of the american society for information science and technology, ( ), – . “… it is clear that the vast majority of queries in an hour appear only one to five times and that these rare queries consistently account for large portions of the total query volume” ↩ 	 ignore, for the moment, that this taxonomy’s constitution is an entire field of study to itself. ↩ 	 pan, b., hembrooke, h., joachims, t., lorigo, l., gay, g., & granka, l. ( ). in google we trust: users’ decisions on rank, position, and relevance. journal of computer-mediated communication, ( ), – . ↩ 	 in fact, the most common facet used in our discovery layer is “library catalog” showing that users often want only bibliographic records; the precise opposite of a search aimed at only retrieving article database results. ↩ 	 	 		 author eric phetteplaceposted on march , march , categories data, discovery comments on broken links in the discovery layer—pt. i: researching a problem			 	 		 		orcid for system interoperability in scholarly communication workflows 	 	 	 	 		 what is orcid? if you work in an academic library or otherwise provide support for research and scholarly communication, you have probably heard of orcid (open contributor & researcher identifier) in terms of “orcid id,” a unique -digit identifier that represents an individual in order to mitigate name ambiguity. the orcid id number is presented as a uri (unique resource identifier) that serves as the link to a corresponding orcid record, where disambiguating data about an individual is stored. for example, https://orcid.org/ - - - x is the orcid id for the late stephen hawking, and clicking on this link will take you to hawking’s orcid record. data within orcid records can include things like names(s) and other identifiers, biographical information, organizational affiliations, and works. figure : this screenshot shows the types of data that can be contained in an orcid record. anyone can register for an orcid id for free, and individuals have full control over what data appears in their record, the visibility of that data, and whether other individuals or organizations are authorized to add data to their orcid record on their behalf. individuals can populate information in their orcid record themselves, or they can grant permission to organizations, like research institutions, publishers, and funding agencies, to connect with their orcid record as trusted parties, establishing an official affiliation between the individual and the organization. for example, figures and illustrate an authenticated orcid connection between an individual author and the university of virginia (uva) as represented in libraopen, the uva library’s samvera institutional repository. figure : the university of virginia library’s libraopen institutional repository is configured to make authenticated connections with authors’ orcid records, linking the author to their contributions and to the institution. once an author authenticates/connects their orcid id in the system, orcid id uris are displayed next to the authors’ names. image source: doi.org/ . /v fb t figure : by clicking on the author’s orcid id uri in libraopen, we can see the work listed on the individual’s orcid record, with “university of virginia” as the source of the data, which means that the author gave permission for uva to write to their orcid record. this saves time for the author, ensures integrity of metadata, and contributes trustworthy data back to the scholarly communication ecosystem that can then be used by other systems connected with orcid. image courtesy of sherry lake, uva https://orcid.org/ - - - orcid ecosystem & interoperability these authenticated connections are made possible by configuring software systems to communicate with the orcid registry through the orcid api, which is based on oauth . . with individual researchers/contributors at the center, and their affiliated organizations connecting with them through the orcid api, all participating organizations’ systems can also communicate with each other. in this way, orcid not only serves as a mechanism for name disambiguation, it also provides a linchpin for system interoperability in the research and scholarly communication ecosystem. figure : orcid serves as a mechanism for interoperability between systems and data in the scholarly communication ecosystem. graphic courtesy of the orcid organization. publishers, funders, research institutions (employers), government agencies, and other stakeholders have been adopting and using orcid increasingly in their systems over the past several years. as a global initiative, over million individuals around the world have registered for an orcid id, and that number continues to grow steadily as more organizations start to require orcid ids in their workflows. for example, over publishers have signed on to an open letter committing to use orcid in their processes, and grant funders are continuing to come on board with orcid as well, having recently released their own open letter demonstrating commitment to orcid. a full list of participating orcid member organizations around the globe can be found at https://orcid.org/members. orcid integrations orcid can be integrated into any system that touches the types of data contained within an orcid record, including repositories, publishing and content management platforms, data management systems, central identity management systems, human resources, grants management, and current research information systems (cris). orcid integrations can either be custom built into local systems, such as the example from uva above, or made available through a vendor system out of the box. several vendor-hosted cris such as pure, faculty , digital measures, and symplectic elements, already have built-in support for authenticated orcid connections that can be utilized by institutional orcid members, which provides a quick win for pulling orcid data into assessment workflows with no development required. while orcid has a public api that offers limited functionality for connecting with orcid ids and reading public orcid data, the orcid member api allows organizations to read from, write to, and auto-update orcid data for their affiliated researchers. the orcid institutional membership model allows organizations to support the orcid initiative and benefit from the more robust functionality that the member api provides. orcid can be integrated with disparate systems, or with one system from which data flows into others, as illustrated in figure . figure : this graphic from the czech technical university in prague illustrates how a central identity management system is configured to connect with the orcid registry via the orcid api, with orcid data flowing internally to other institutional systems. image source: czech technical university in prague central library & computing and information centre , : solving a problem of authority control in dspace during orcid implementation orcid in us research institutions in january of , four consortia in the us – the northeast research libraries (nerl), the greater western library alliance (gwla), the big ten academic alliance (btaa), and lyrasis – joined forces to form a national partnership for a consortial approach to orcid membership among research institutions in the us, known as the orcid us community. the national partnership allows non-profit research institutions to become premium orcid member organizations for a significantly discounted fee and employs staff to provide dedicated technical and community support for its members. as of december , , there are member organizations in the orcid us community. in addition to encouraging adoption of orcid, a main goal of the consortium approach is to build a community of practice around orcid in the us. prior to , any institutions participating in orcid were essentially going it alone and there were no dedicated communication channels or forums for discussion and sharing around orcid at a national level. however, with the formation of the orcid us community, there is now a website with community resources for orcid adoption specific to the us, dedicated communication channels, and an open door to collaboration between member institutions. among orcid us community member organizations, just under half have integrated orcid with one or more systems, and the other slightly more than half are either in early planning stages or technical development. (see the orcid us community newsletter for more information.) as an ecosystem, orcid relies not only on organizations but also the participation of individual researchers, so all members have also been actively reaching out to their affiliated researchers to encourage them to register for, connect, and use their orcid id. getting started with orcid orcid can benefit research institutions by mitigating confusion caused by name ambiguity, providing an interoperable data source that can be used for individual assessment and aggregated review of institutional impact, allowing institutions to assert authority over their institutional name and verify affiliations with researchers, ultimately saving time and reducing administrative burden for both organizations and individuals. to get the most value from orcid, research institutions should consider the following three activities as outlined in the orcid us planning guide: 	forming a cross-campus orcid committee or group with stakeholders from different campus units (libraries, central it, research office, graduate school, grants office, human resources, specific academic units, etc.) to strategically plan orcid system integration and outreach efforts 	assessing all of the current systems used on campus to determine which workflows could benefit from orcid integration 	conducting outreach and education around research impact and orcid to encourage researchers to register for and use their orcid id the more people and organizations/systems using orcid, the more all stakeholders can benefit from orcid by maintaining a record of an individuals’ scholarly and cultural contributions throughout their career, mitigating confusion caused by name ambiguity, assessing individual contributions as well as institutional impact, and enabling trustworthy and efficient sharing of data across scholarly communication workflows. effectively, orcid represents a paradigm shift from siloed, repetitive workflows to the ideal of being able to “enter once, re-use often” by using orcid to transfer data between systems, workflows, and individuals, ultimately making everyone’s lives easier. sheila rabun is the orcid us community specialist at lyrasis, providing technical and community support for + institutional members of the orcid us community. in prior roles, she managed community and communication for the international image interoperability framework (iiif) consortium, and served as a digital project manager for several years at the university of oregon libraries’ digital scholarship center. learn more at https://orcid.org/ - - - 	 	 		 author sheila rabunposted on december , december , categories digital scholarship, publication, scholarly communication			 	 		 		creating presentations with beautiful.ai 	 	 	 	 		 updated - - at : pm with accessibility information. beautiful.ai is a new website that enables users to create dynamic presentations quickly and easily with “smart templates” and other design optimized features. so far the service is free with a paid pro tier coming soon. i first heard about beautiful.ai in an advertisement on npr and was immediately intrigued. the landscape of presentation software platforms has broadened in recent years to include websites like prezi, emaze, and an array of others beyond the tried and true powerpoint. my preferred method of creating presentations for the past couple of years has been to customize the layouts available on canva and download the completed pdfs for use in powerpoint. i am also someone who enjoys tinkering with fonts and other design elements until i get a presentation just right, but i know that these steps can be time consuming and overwhelming for many people. with that in mind, i set out to put beautiful.ai to the test by creating a short “prepare and share” presentation about my first experience at ala’s annual conference this past june for an upcoming meeting. a title slide created with beautiful.ai. features to help you get started, beautiful.ai includes an introductory “design tips for beautiful slides” presentation. it is also fully customizable so you can play around with all of of the features and options as you explore, or you can click on “create new presentation” to start from scratch. you’ll then be prompted to choose a theme, and you can also choose a color palette. once you start adding slides you can make use of beautiful.ai’s template library. this is the foundation of the site’s usefulness because it helps alleviate guesswork about where to put content and that dreaded “staring at the blank slide” feeling. each individual slide becomes a canvas as you create a presentation, similar to what is likely familiar in powerpoint. in fact, all of the most popular powerpoint features are available in beautiful.ai, they’re just located in very different places. from the navigation at the left of the screen users can adjust the colors and layout of each slide as well as add images, animation, and presenter notes. options to add, duplicate, or delete a slide are available on the right of the screen. the organize feature also allows you to zoom out and see all of the slides in the presentation. beautiful.ai offers a built-in template to create a word cloud. one of beautiful.ai’s best features, and my personal favorite, is its built-in free stock image library. you can choose from pre-selected categories such as data, meeting, nature, or technology or search for other images. an import feature is also available, but providing the stock images is extremely useful if you don’t have your own photos at the ready. using these images also ensures that no copyright restrictions are violated and helps add a professional polish to your presentation. the options to add an audio track and advance times to slides are also nice to have for creating presentations as tutorials or introductions to a topic. when you’re ready to present, you can do so directly from the browser or export to pdf or powerpoint. options to share with a link or embed with code are also available. usability while intuitive design and overall usability won’t necessarily make or break the existence of a presentation software platform, each will play a role in influencing whether someone uses it more than once. for the most part, i found beautiful.ai to be easy and fun to use. the interface is bold, yet simplistic, and on trend with current website design aesthetics. still, users who are new to creating presentations online in a non-powerpoint environment may find the beautiful.ai interface to be confusing at first. most features are consolidated within icons and require you to hover over them to reveal their function. icons like the camera to represent “add image” are pretty obvious, but others such as layout and organize are less intuitive. some of beautiful.ai’s terminology may also not be as easily recognizable. for example, the use of the term “variations” was confusing to me at first, especially since it’s only an option for the title slide. the absence of any drag and drop capability for text boxes is definitely a feature that’s missing for me. this is really where the automated design adaptability didn’t seem to work as well as i would’ve expected given that it’s one of the company’s most prominent marketing statements. on the title slide of my presentation, capitalizing a letter in the title caused the text to move closer to the edge of the slide. in canva, i could easily pull the text block over to the left a little or adjust the font size down by a few points. i really am a stickler for spacing in my presentations, and i would’ve expected this to be an element that the “design ai” would pick up on. each template also has different pre-set design elements, and it can be confusing when you choose one that includes a feature that you didn’t expect. yet, text sizes that are pre-set to fit the dimensions of each template does help not only with readability in the creation phase but with overall visibility for audiences. again, this alleviates some of the guesswork that often happens in powerpoint with not knowing exactly how large your text sizes will appear when projected onto larger screens. a slide created using a basic template and stock photos available in beautiful.ai. one feature that does work really well is the export option. exporting to powerpoint creates a perfectly sized facsimile presentation, and being able to easily download a pdf is very useful for creating handouts or archiving a presentation later on. both are nice to have as a backup for conferences where internet access may be spotty, and it’s nice that beautiful.ai understands the need for these options. unfortunately, beautiful.ai doesn’t address accessibility on its faq page nor does it offer alternative text or other web accessibility features. users will need to add their own slide titles and alt text in powerpoint and adobe acrobat after exporting from beautiful.ai to create an accessible presentation.  conclusion beautiful.ai challenged me to think in new ways about how best to deliver information in a visually engaging way. it’s a useful option for librarians and students who are looking for a presentation website that is fun to use, engaging, and on trend with current web design. click here to view “my first ala”presentation created with beautiful.ai. jeanette sewell is the database and metadata management coordinator at fondren library, rice university. 	 	 		 author jeanette sewellposted on november , november , categories conferences, library, presentation, technology, tools			 	 		 		national forum on web privacy and web analytics 	 	 	 	 		 we had the fantastic experience of participating in the national forum on web privacy and web analytics in bozeman, montana last month. this event brought together around forty people from different areas and types of libraries to do in-depth discussion and planning about privacy issues in libraries. our hosts from montana state university, scott young, jason clark, sara mannheimer, and jacqueline frank, framed the event with different (though overlapping) areas of focus. we broke into groups based on our interests from a pre-event survey and worked through a number of activities to identify projects. you can follow along with all the activities and documents produced during the forum in this document that collates all of them. float your boat exercise             while initially worried that the activities would feel too forced, instead they really worked to release creative ideas. here’s an example: our groups drew pictures of boats with sails showing opportunities, and anchors showing problems. we started out in two smaller subgroups of our subgroups and drew a boat, then met with the large subgroup to combine the boat ideas. this meant that it was easy to spot the common themes—each smaller group had written some of the same themes (like gdpr). working in metaphor meant we could express some more complex issues, like politics, as the ocean—something that always surrounds the issue and can be helpful or unhelpful without much warning. this helped us think differently about issues and not get too focused on our own individual perspective. the process of turning metaphor into action was hard. we had to take the whole world of problems and opportunities and come up with how these could be realistically accomplished. good and important ideas had to get left behind because they were so big there was no way to feasibly plan them, certainly not in a day or two. the differing assortment of groups (which were mixable where ideas overlapped) ensured that we were able to question each other’s assumptions and ask some hard questions. for example, one of the issues margaret’s group had identified as a problem was disagreement in the profession about what the proper limits were on privacy. individually identifiable usage metrics are a valuable commodity to some, and a thing not to be touched to others. while everyone in the room was probably biased more in favor of privacy than perhaps the profession at large is, we could share stories and realities of the types of data we were collecting and what it was being used for. considering the realities of our environments, one of our ideas to bring everyone from across the library and archives world to create a unified set of privacy values was not going to happen. despite that, we were able to identify one of the core problems that led to a lack of unity, which was, in many cases, lack of knowledge about what privacy issues existed and how these might affect institutions. when you don’t completely understand something, or only half understand it, you are more likely to be afraid of it.             on the afternoon of the second day and continuing into the morning of the third day, we had to get serious and pick just one idea to focus on to create a project plan. again, the facilitators utilized a few processes that helped us take a big idea and break it down into more manageable components. we used “big scai” thinking to frame the project: what is the status quo, what are the challenges, what actions are required, and what are the ideals. from there we worked through what was necessary for the project, nice to have, unlikely to get, and completely unnecessary to the project. this helped focus efforts and made the process of writing a project implementation plan much easier. what the workday looked like. writing the project implementation plan as a group was made easier by shared documents, but we all commented on the irony of using google docs to write privacy plans. on the other hand, trying to figure out how to write in groups and easily share what we wrote using any other platform was a challenge in the moment. this reality illustrates the problems with privacy: the tool that is easiest to use and comes to mind first will be the one that ends up being used. we have to create tools that make privacy easy (which was a discussion many of us at the forum had), but even more so we need to think about the tradeoffs that we make in choosing a tool and educate ourselves and others about this. in this case, since all the outcomes of the project were going to be public anyway, going on the “quick and easy” side was ok.             the forum project leaders recently presented about their work at the dlf forum conference. in this presentation, they outlined the work that they did leading up to the forum, and the strategies that emerged from the day. they characterized the strategies as privacy badging and certifications, privacy leadership training, privacy for tribal communities and organizations, model license for vendor contracts, privacy research institute, and a responsible assessment toolkit. you can read through the thought process and implementation strategies for these projects and others yourself at the project plan index. the goal is to ensure that whoever wants to do the work can do it. to quote scott young’s follow-up email, “we ask only that you keep in touch with us for the purposes of community facilitation and grant reporting, and to note the provenance of the idea in future proposals—a sort of cc by designation, to speak in copyright terms.”             for us, this three-day deep dive into privacy was an inspiration and a chance to make new connections (while also catching up with some old friends). but even more, it was a reminder that you don’t need much of anything to create a community. provided the right framing, as long as you have people with differing experiences and perspectives coming together to learn from each other, you’ve facilitated the community-building.   	 	 		 author margaret hellerposted on october , october , categories conferences, privacy			 	 		 		the ex libris knowledge center and orangewashing 	 	 	 	 		 two days after proquest completed their acquisition of ex libris in december , ex libris announced the launch of their new online customer knowledge center. in the press release for the knowledge center, the company describes it as “a single gateway to all ex libris knowledge resources,” including training materials, release notes, and product manuals. a defining feature is that there has never been any paywall or log-on requirement, so that all knowledge center materials remain freely accessible to any site visitor. historically, access to documentation for automated library systems has been restricted to subscribing institutions, so the knowledge center represents a unique change in approach. within the press release, it is also readily apparent how ex libris aims to frame the openness of the knowledge center as a form of support for open access. as the company states in the second paragraph, “demonstrating the company’s belief in the importance of open access, the site is open to all, without requiring any logon procedure.” former ex libris ceo matti shem tov goes a step further in the following paragraph: “we want our resources and documentation to be as accessible and as open as our library management, discovery, and higher-education technology solutions are.” the problem with how ex libris frames their press release is that it elides the difference between mere openness and actual open access. they are a for-profit company, and their currently burgeoning market share is dependent upon a software-as-a-service (saas) business model. therefore, one way to describe their approach in this case is orangewashing. during a recent conversation with me, margaret heller came up with the term, based on the color of the plos open access symbol. similar in concept to greenwashing, we can define orangewashing as a misappropriation of open access rhetoric for business purposes. what perhaps makes orangewashing more initially difficult to diagnose in ex libris’s (and more broadly, proquest’s) case is that they attempt to tie support for open access to other product offerings. even before purchasing ex libris, proquest had been including an author-side paid open-access publishing option to its electronic thesis and dissertation platform, though we can question whether this is actually a good option for authors. for its part, ex libris has listened to customer feedback about open access discovery. as an example, there are now open access filters for both the primo and summon discovery layers. ex libris has also, generally speaking, remained open to customer participation regarding systems development, particularly with initiatives like the developer network and idea exchange. perhaps the most credible example is in a june , press release, where the company declares “support of the open discovery initiative (odi) and conformance with odi’s recommended practice for pre-indexed ‘web-scale’ discovery services.” a key implication is that “conforming to odi regulations about ranking of search results, linking to content, inclusion of materials in primo central, and discovery of open access content all uphold the principles of content neutrality.” given the above information, in the case of the knowledge center, it is tempting to give ex libris the benefit of the doubt. as an access services librarian, i understand how much of a hassle it can be to find and obtain systems documentation in order to properly do my job. i currently work for an ex libris institution, and can affirm that the knowledge center is of tangible benefit. besides providing easier availability for their materials, ex libris has done fairly well in keeping information and pathing up to date. notably, as of last month, customers can also contribute their own documentation to product-specific community knowledge sections within the knowledge center. nevertheless, this does not change the fact that while the knowledge center is unique in its format, it represents a low bar to clear for a company of ex libris’s size. their systems documentation should be openly accessible in any case. moreover, the knowledge center represents openness—in the form of company transparency and customer participation—for systems and products that are not open. this is why when we go back to the knowledge center press release, we can identify it as orangewashing. open access is not the point of a profit-driven company offering freely accessible documentation, and any claims to this effect ultimately ring hollow. so what is the likely point of the knowledge center, then? we should consider that alma has become the predominant service platform within academic libraries, with primo and summon being the only supported discovery layers for it. while oclc and ebsco offer or support competing products, ex libris already held an advantageous position even before the proquest purchase. therefore, besides the knowledge center serving as supportive measure for current customers, we can view it as a sales pitch to future ones. this may be a smart business strategy, but again, it has little to do with open access. two other recent developments provide further evidence of ex libris’s orangewashing. the first is mla’s announcement that ebsco will become the exclusive vendor for the mla international bibliography. on the primo-l listserv, ex libris posted a statement [listserv subscription required] noting that the agreement “goes against the goals of niso’s open discovery initiative…to promote collaboration and transparency among content and discovery providers.” nevertheless, despite not being involved in the agreement, ex libris shares some blame given the long-standing difficulty over ebsco not providing content to the primo central index. as a result, what may occur is the “siloing” of an indispensable research database, while ex libris customers remain dependent on the company to help determine an eventual route to access. secondly, in addition to offering research publications through proquest and discovery service through primo/summon, ex libris now provides end-to-end content management through esploro. monetizing more aspects of the research process is certainly far from unusual among academic publishers and service providers. elsevier arguably provides the most egregious example, and as lisa janicke hinchliffe notes, their pattern of recent acquisitions belies an apparent goal of creating a vertical stack service model for publication services. in considering what elsevier is doing, it is unsurprising—from a business standpoint—for ex libris and proquest to pursue profits in a similar manner. that said, we should bear in mind that libraries are already losing control over open access as a consequence of the general strategy that elsevier is employing. esploro will likely benefit from having strong library development partners and “open” customer feedback, but the potential end result could place its customers in a more financially disadvantageous and less autonomous position. this is simply antithetical to open access. over the past few years, ex libris has done well not just in their product development, but also their customer support. making the knowledge center “open to all” in late was a very positive step forward. yet the company’s decision to orangewash through claiming support for open access as part of a product unveiling still warrants critique. peter suber reminds us that open access is a “revolutionary kind of access”—one that is “unencumbered by a motive of financial gain.” while ex libris can perhaps talk about openness with a little more credibility than their competitors, their bottom line is still what really matters. 	 	 		 author chris martinposted on september , september , categories open access, scholarly communication			 	 		 		managing ils updates 	 	 	 	 		 we’ve done a few screencasts in the past here at techconnect and i wanted to make a new one to cover a topic that’s come up this summer: managing ils updates. integrated library systems are huge, unwieldy pieces of software and it can be difficult to track what changes with each update: new settings are introduced, behaviors change, bugs are (hopefully) fixed. the video belows shows my approach to managing this process and keeping track of ongoing issues with our koha ils. 	 	 		 author eric phetteplaceposted on august , august , categories library			 	 		 		blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases 	 	 	 	 		blockchain holds a great potential for both innovation and disruption. the adoption of blockchain also poses certain risks, and those risks will need to be addressed and mitigated before blockchain becomes mainstream. a lot of people have heard of blockchain at this point. but many are unfamiliar with how this new technology exactly works and unsure about under which circumstances or on what conditions it may be useful to libraries. in this post, i will provide a brief overview of the merits and the issues of blockchain. i will also make some suggestions for compelling use cases of blockchain at the end of this post. what blockchain accomplishes blockchain is the technology that underpins a well-known decentralized cryptocurrency, bitcoin. to simply put, blockchain is a kind of distributed digital ledger on a peer-to-peer (p p) network, in which records are confirmed and encrypted. blockchain records and keeps data in the original state in a secure and tamper-proof manner[ ] by its technical implementation alone, thereby obviating the need for a third-party authority to guarantee the authenticity of the data. records in blockchain are stored in multiple ledgers in a distributed network instead of one central location. this prevents a single point of failure and secures records by protecting them from potential damage or loss. blocks in each blockchain ledger are chained to one another by the mechanism called ‘proof of work.’ (for those familiar with a version control system such as git, a blockchain ledger can be thought of as something similar to a p p hosted git repository that allows sequential commits only.[ ]) this makes records in a block immutable and irreversible, that is, tamper-proof. in areas where the authenticity and security of records is of paramount importance, such as electronic health records, digital identity authentication/authorization, digital rights management, historic records that may be contested or challenged due to the vested interests of certain groups, and digital provenance to name a few, blockchain can lead to efficiency, convenience, and cost savings. for example, with blockchain implemented in banking, one will be able to transfer funds across different countries without going through banks.[ ] this can drastically lower the fees involved, and the transaction will take effect much more quickly, if not immediately. similarly, adopted in real estate transactions, blockchain can make the process of buying and selling a property more straightforward and efficient, saving time and money.[ ] disruptive potential of blockchain the disruptive potential of blockchain lies in its aforementioned ability to render the role of a third-party authority obsolete, which records and validates transactions and guarantees their authenticity, should a dispute arise. in this respect, blockchain can serve as an alternative trust protocol that decentralizes traditional authorities. since blockchain achieves this by public key cryptography, however, if one loses one’s own personal key to the blockchain ledger holding one’s financial or real estate asset, for example, then that will result in the permanent loss of such asset. with the third-party authority gone, there will be no institution to step in and remedy the situation. issues this is only some of the issues with blockchain. other issues include (a) interoperability between different blockchain systems, (b) scalability of blockchain at a global scale with large amount of data, (c) potential security issues such as the % attack [ ], and (d) huge energy consumption [ ] that a blockchain requires to add a block to a ledger. note that the last issue of energy consumption has both environmental and economic ramifications because it can cancel out the cost savings gained from eliminating a third-party authority and related processes and fees. challenges for wider adoption there are growing interests in blockchain among information professionals, but there are also some obstacles to those interests gaining momentum and moving further towards wider trial and adoption. one obstacle is the lack of general understanding about blockchain in a larger audience of information professionals. due to its original association with bitcoin, many mistake blockchain for cryptocurrency. another obstacle is technical. the use of blockchain requires setting up and running a node in a blockchain network, such as ethereum[ ], which may be daunting to those who are not tech-savvy. this makes a barrier to entry high to those who are not familiar with command line scripting and yet still want to try out and test how a blockchain functions. the last and most important obstacle is the lack of compelling use cases for libraries, archives, and museums. to many, blockchain is an interesting new technology. but even many blockchain enthusiasts are skeptical of its practical benefits at this point when all associated costs are considered. of course, this is not an insurmountable obstacle. the more people get familiar with blockchain, the more ways people will discover to use blockchain in the information profession that are uniquely beneficial for specific purposes. suggestions for compelling use cases of blockchain in order to determine what may make a compelling use case of blockchain, the information profession would benefit from considering the following. (a) what kind of data/records (or the series thereof) must be stored and preserved exactly the way they were created. (b) what kind of information is at great risk to be altered and compromised by changing circumstances. (c) what type of interactions may need to take place between such data/records and their users.[ ] (d) how much would be a reasonable cost for implementation. these will help connecting the potential benefits of blockchain with real-world use cases and take the information profession one step closer to its wider testing and adoption. to those further interested in blockchain and libraries, i recommend the recordings from the library . online mini-conference, “blockchain applied: impact on the information profession,” held back in june. the blockchain national forum, which is funded by imls and is to take place in san jose, ca on august th, will also be livestreamed. notes [ ] for an excellent introduction to blockchain, see “the great chain of being sure about things,” the economist, october , , https://www.economist.com/news/briefing/ -technology-behind-bitcoin-lets-people-who-do-not-know-or-trust-each-other-build-dependable. [ ] justin ramos, “blockchain: under the hood,” thoughtworks (blog), august , , https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/blockchain-under-hood. [ ] the world food programme, the food-assistance branch of the united nations, is using blockchain to increase their humanitarian aid to refugees. blockchain may possibly be used for not only financial transactions but also the identity verification for refugees. russ juskalian, “inside the jordan refugee camp that runs on blockchain,” mit technology review, april , , https://www.technologyreview.com/s/ /inside-the-jordan-refugee-camp-that-runs-on-blockchain/. [ ] joanne cleaver, “could blockchain technology transform homebuying in cook county — and beyond?,” chicago tribune, july , , http://www.chicagotribune.com/classified/realestate/ct-re- -blockchain-homebuying- -story.html. [ ] “ % attack,” investopedia, september , , https://www.investopedia.com/terms/ / -attack.asp. [ ] sherman lee, “bitcoin’s energy consumption can power an entire country — but eos is trying to fix that,” forbes, april , , https://www.forbes.com/sites/shermanlee/ / / /bitcoins-energy-consumption-can-power-an-entire-country-but-eos-is-trying-to-fix-that/# ff aa bc . [ ] osita chibuike, “how to setup an ethereum node,” the practical dev, may , , https://dev.to/legobox/how-to-setup-an-ethereum-node- a . [ ] the interaction can also be a self-executing program when certain conditions are met in a blockchain ledger. this is called a “smart contract.” see mike orcutt, “states that are passing laws to govern ‘smart contracts’ have no idea what they’re doing,” mit technology review, march , , https://www.technologyreview.com/s/ /states-that-are-passing-laws-to-govern-smart-contracts-have-no-idea-what-theyre-doing/. 	 	 		 author bohyun kimposted on july , july , categories coding, data, technologytags bitcoin, blockchain, distributed ledger technology comment on blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases			 	 		 		introducing our new best friend, gdpr 	 	 	 	 		you’ve seen the letters gdpr in every single email you’ve gotten from a vendor or a mailing list lately, but you might not be exactly sure what it is. with gdpr enforcement starting on may , it’s time for a crash course in what gdpr is, and why it could be your new best friend whether you are in the eu or not. first, you can check out the eu gdpr information site (though it probably will be under heavy load for a few days!) for lots of information on this. it’s important to recognize, however, that for universities like mine with a campus located in the eu, it has created additional oversight to ensure that our own data collection practices are gdpr compliant, or that we restrict people residing in the eu from accessing those services. you should definitely work with legal counsel on your own campus in making any decisions about gdpr compliance. so what does the gdpr actually mean in practice? the requirements break down this way: any company which holds the data of any eu citizen must provide data controls, no matter where the company or the data is located. this means that every large web platform and pretty much every library vendor must comply or face heavy fines. the gdpr offers the following protections for personally identifiable information, which includes things like ip address: privacy terms and conditions must be written in easy to understand language, data breaches require quick notifications, the right to know what data is being collected and to receive a copy of it, the “right to be forgotten” or data erasure (unless it’s in the public interest for the data to be retained), ability to transfer data between providers, systems to be private by design and only collect necessary data, and for companies to appoint data privacy officers without conflicts of interest. how this all works in practice is not consistent, and there will be a lot to be worked out in the courts in the coming years. note that google recently lost several right to be forgotten cases, and were required to remove information that they had originally stated was in the public interest to retain. the gdpr has actually been around for a few years, but may , was set as the enforcement date, so many people have been scrambling to meet that deadline. if you’re reading this today, there’s probably not a lot of time to do anything about your own practices, but if you haven’t yet reviewed what your vendors are doing, this would be a good time. note too that there are no rights guaranteed for any americans, and several companies, including facebook, have moved data governance out of their irish office to california to be out of reach of suits brought in irish courts. where possible, however, we should be using all the features at our disposal. as librarians, we already tend to the “privacy by design” philosophy, even though we aren’t always perfect at it. as i wrote in my last post, my library worked on auditing our practices and creating a new privacy policy, and one of the last issues was trying to figure out how we would approach some of our third-party services which we need to provide services to our patrons but that did not allow deleting data. now some of those features are being made available. for example, google analytics now has a data retention feature, which allows you to set data to expire and be deleted after a certain amount of time. google provides some more detailed instructions to ensure that you are not accidentally collecting personally-identifiable information in your analytics data. lots of our library vendors provide personal account features, and those too are subject to these new gdpr features. this means that there are new levels of transparency about what kinds of tracking they are doing, and greater ability for patrons to control data, and for you to control data on the behalf of patrons. here are a few example vendor gdpr compliance statements or faqs: 	ebsco 	ex libris 	proquest 	springshare note that some vendors, like ebsco, are moving to https for all sites that weren’t before, and so this may require changes to proxy servers or other links. i am excited about gdpr because no matter where we are located, it gives us new tools to defend the privacy of our patrons. even better than that, it is providing lots of opportunities on our campuses to talk about privacy with all stakeholders. at my institution, the library has been able to showcase our privacy expertise and have some good conversations about data governance and future goals for privacy. it doesn’t mean that all our problems will be solved, but we are moving in a more positive direction. 	 	 		 author margaret hellerposted on may , may , categories administration, privacytags gdpr			 	 		 		names are hard 	 	 	 	 		a while ago i stumbled onto the post “falsehoods programmers believe about names” and was stunned. personal names are one of the most deceptively difficult forms of data to work with and this article touched on so many common but unaddressed problems. assumptions like “people have exactly one canonical name” and “my system will never have to deal with names from china/japan/korea” were apparent everywhere. i consider myself a fairly critical and studious person, i devote time to thinking about the consequences of design decisions and carefully attempt to avoid poor assumptions. but i’ve repeatedly run into trouble when handling personal names as data. there is a cognitive dissonance surrounding names; we treat them as rigid identifiers when they’re anything but. we acknowledge their importance but struggle to take them as seriously. names change. they change due to marriage, divorce, child custody, adoption, gender identity, religious devotion, performance art, witness protection, or none of these at all. sometimes people just want a new name. and none of these reasons for change are more or less valid than others, though our legal system doesn’t always treat them equally. we have students who change their legal name, which is often something systems expect, but then they have the audacity to want to change their username, too! and that works less often because all sorts of system integrations expect usernames to be persistent. names do not have a universal structure. there is no set quantity of components in a name nor an established order to those components. at my college, we have students without surnames. in almost all our systems, surname is a required field, so we put a period “.” there to satisfy that requirement. then, on displays in our digital repository where surnames are assumed, we end up with bolded section headers like “., johnathan” which look awkward. many western names might follow a [given name] – [middle name] – [surname] structure and an unfortunate number of the systems i have to deal with assume all names share this structure. it’s easy to see how this yields problematic results. for instance, if you want to a see a sorted list of users, you probably want to sort by family name, but many systems sort by the name in the last position causing, for instance, chinese names to be handled differently from western ones. but it’s not only that someone might not have a middle name, or might have two middle names, or might have a family name in the first position—no, even that would be too simple! some name components defy simple classifications. i once met a person named “bus stop”. “stop” is clearly not a family affiliation, despite coming in the final position of the name. sometimes the second component of a tripartite western name isn’t a middle name at all, but a maiden name or the second word of a two-word first name (e.g. “mary anne” or “lady bird”)! one cannot even determine by looking at a familiar structure the roles of all of a name’s pieces! names are also contextual. one’s name with family, with legal institutions, and with classmates can all differ. many of our international students have alternative westernized first names. their family may call them qiáng but they introduce themselves as brian in class. we ask for a “preferred name” in a lot of systems, which is a nice step forward, but don’t ask when it’s preferred. names might be meant for different situations. we have no system remotely ready for this, despite the personalization that’s been seeping into web platforms for decades. so if names are such a trouble, why not do our best and move on? aren’t these fringe cases that don’t affect the vast majority of our users? these issues simply cannot be ignored because names are vital. what one is called, even if it’s not a stable identifier, has great effects on one’s life. it’s dispiriting to witness one’s name misspelled, mispronounced, treated as an inconvenience, botched at every turn. a system that won’t adapt to suit a name delegitimizes the name. it says, “oh that’s not your real name” as if names had differing degrees of reality. but a person may have multiple names—or many overlapping names over time—and while one may be more institutionally recognized at a given time, none are less real than the others. if even a single student a year is affected, it’s the absolute least amount of respect we can show to affirm their name(s). so what do we to do? endless enumerations of the difficulties of working with names does little but paralyze us. honestly, when i consider about the best implementation of personal names, the mods metadata schema comes to mind. having a <name> element with any number of <namepart> children is the best model available. the <namepart>s can be ordered in particular ways, a “@type” attribute can define a part’s function , a record can include multiple names referencing the same person, multiple names with distinct parts can be linked to the same authority record, etc. mods has a flexible and comprehensive treatment of name data. unfortunately, returning to “falsehoods programmers believe”, none of the library systems i administer do anywhere near as good a job as this metadata schema. nor is it necessarily a problem with western bias—even the chinese government can’t develop computer systems to accurately represent the names of people in the country, or even agree on what the legal character set should be! it seems that programmers start their apps by creating a “users” database table with columns for unique identifier, username, “firstname”/”lastname” [sic], and work from there. on the bright side, the name isn’t used as the identifier at least! we all learned that in databases class but we didn’t learn to make “names” a separate table linked to “users” in our relational databases. in my day-to-day work, the best i’ve done is to be sensitive to the importance of names changes specifically and how our systems handle them. after a few meetings with a cross-departmental team, we developed a name change process at our college. system administrators from across the institution are on a shared listserv where name changes are announced. in the libraries, i spoke with our frontline service staff about assisting with name changes. our people at the circulation desk know to notice name discrepancies—sometimes a name badge has been updated but not our catalog records, we can offer to make them match—but also to guide students who may need to contact the registrar or other departments on campus to initiate the top-down name change process. while most of our the library’s systems don’t easily accommodate username changes, i can write administrative scripts for our institutional repository that alter the ownership of a set of items from an old username to a new one. i think it’s important to remember that we’re inconveniencing the user with the work of implementing their name change and not the other way around. so taking whatever extra steps we can do on our own, without pushing labor onto our students and staff, is the best way we can mitigate how poorly our tools are able to support the protean nature of personal names. notes 	 chinese names typically have the surname first, followed by the given name. ↩ 	 another poor implementation can be seen in the chicago manual of style‘s indexing instructions, which has an extensive list of exceptions to the western norm and how to handle them. but cmos provides no guidance on how one would go about identifying a name’s cultural background or, for instance, identifying a compound surname. ↩ 	 although the mods user guidelines sadly limit the use of the type attribute to a fixed list of values which includes “family” and “given”, rendering it subject to most of the critiques in this post. substantially expanding this list with “maiden”, “patronymic/matronymic” (names based on a parental given name, e.g. mikhailovich), and more, as well as some sort of open-ended “other” option, would be a great improvement. ↩ 	 https://www.nytimes.com/ / / /world/asia/ china.html ↩ 	 	 		 author eric phetteplaceposted on may , may , categories change, data, diversity comments on names are hard			 	 		posts navigation 		page page … page next page 	 		 	 	 		 	 		search for: 		 	 	search about 			acrl techconnect is a moderated blog written by librarians and archivists covering innovative projects, emerging tech tools, coding, usability, design, and more. acrl techconnect serves as 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to make the project a success. september , see all posts by heidi steiner burkhardt sweet sixteen: digital collections completed july - june digital content & collections (dcc) relies on content and subject experts to bring us new digital collections. this year, digital collections were created or significantly enhanced. here you will find links to videos and articles by the subject experts speaking in their own words about the digital collections they were involved in and why they found it so important to engage in this work with us. thank you to all of the people involved in each of these digital collections! august , see all posts by lauren havens adding ordered metadata fields to samvera hyrax how to add ordered metadata fields in samvera hyrax. includes example code and links to actual code. july , see all posts by fritz freiheit sinking our teeth into metadata improvement like many attempts at revisiting older materials, working with a couple dozen volumes of dental pamphlets started very simply but ended up being an interesting opportunity to explore the challenges of making the diverse range of materials held in libraries accessible to patrons in a digital environment. and while improving metadata may not sound glamorous, having sufficient metadata for users to be able to find what they are looking for is essential for the utility of digital libraries. june , see all posts by jackson huang collaboration and generosity provide the missing issue of the american jewess what started with a bit of wondering and conversation within our unit of the library led to my reaching out to princeton university with a request but no expectations of having that request fulfilled. individuals at princeton, however, considered the request and agreed to provide us with the single issue of the american jewess that we needed to complete the full run of the periodical within our digital collection. especially in these stressful times, we are delighted to bring you a positive... 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					 											 					open menu	home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 				 				 					home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 	 		 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 			 			 				 							 	 		 	 			 		 		 			 				 					 										 						 						 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					dec 					 				 				 					craig arthur, freddy paige, la' portia perkins, jasmine weiss and michael williams					/ comments 				 											culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			 by craig e. arthur, dr. freddy paige, la’ portia perkins, jasmine weiss, and dr. michael williams (good homie signs’ “hip hop @ vt” mural / ) in brief vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech is an award-winning series of experiential learning-focused, culturally responsive community engagement programs. it is deeply rooted in hip hop culture and is cosponsored by numerous organizations both on campus and in the community; the heart of the program is undoubtedly the virginia tech university libraries. we have hosted more than programs over the past five academic years. notably, our community engagement fellows, a team of undergraduate and graduate students, helped design and co-teach approximately forty-five media literacy workshops in the community beyond campus in the ‘ -’ academic year. our guiding mission is to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, importantly, to create an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom.  introduction vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech, or, more commonly, virginia tech digging in the crates, is a practitioner-focused, student-driven, culturally responsive community engagement program that prioritizes experiential learning. the multifaceted and ever-evolving program is based in southwest virginia on the campus of virginia tech (a public, land grant university with a student body of approximately , ). vtditc was co-created by a diverse transdisciplinary team and is now in our fifth consecutive academic year of programming. the program has iteratively developed since the fall semester; we have successfully hosted more than events.  importantly, vtditc builds on a year history of hip hop based curricula and approximately years of hip hop based co-curricular programming at the university. vtditc’s ability to connect and engage such a large group of people is a special attribute of the program. many universities have similar clubs or groups that bring together dancers with dancers or rappers with rappers, for instance, but vtditc is a unique community engagement program in that it prioritizes unity over stratification. the hip hop community at vt can be relatively small if people were counted solely by an arbitrary declaration like ‘hip hop scholar.’ however, when we invite our community to engage in hip hop as a culture, our participation numbers dwarf many other programs that could be considered our peers. vtditc’s success is at least partially due to the fact that a dynamic group of hip hop practitioners who embody the culture beyond our connection to the university co-create and care for it. we shift the university setting and resources to support hip hop culture, not the other way around. this article does not aim to chronicle the important role hip hop culture plays in education and college campuses (see rawls & robinson, , as well as petchauer, and , gosa & fields, , and nielson, ) nor does it seek to record hip hop culture’s history at virginia tech (see fralin, et al., ). we also are not seeking to describe a hip hop ethos (see harrison and arthur, ). rather, we look forward to sharing this case study as an exemplar of culturally responsive programming supported by a university library. in this article we explain how as engaged scholars we commit to understanding the role of culture in education as flexible, local, and global.  hit the crates & create the vtditc community chose our name as a way to recognize one of the many research processes inherent to traditional hip hop arts communities as well as a nod to specific cultural stalwarts. the term ‘digging in the crates’ refers to the traditional information seeking/archival research process that hip hop djs and sample-based producers use to find their source material. digging, understandably, is the physical and intellectual labor of the discovery process in this context – or the work required to locate, sort, and analyze vinyl records. the crates are the acid free archival box equivalent for the vinyl dj. a dj or producer who spends time in the crates has a larger musical vocabulary as a result – just as time spent in library archives benefits a research writer (craig, & rice, ). beyond our name, the vtditc program utilizes effective engagement practices from the broader hip hop community to increase the reach of the virginia tech university libraries’ programming. providing opportunities for community members to engage with hip hop culture’s productions old and new, local and global, is an objective of many of our efforts.  our guiding principles and mission statement early in the development of the program, our leadership board co-created our guiding principles: to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, arguably most importantly, to establish an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom. nearly half a decade later, applying these principles still guides the program in the direction of success.  our mission statement was created shortly after founding the program. although it has been remixed and edited slightly over the years, the essence has remained the same. the latest iteration of our mission statement is as follows:  hip hop studies at virginia tech, or vtditc, exists to foster community-based learning among hip hop artists, fans, practitioners, and scholars digitally and globally. we aim to model that students, faculty, and staff’s personal interests are worthy of academic study and publication as well as further institutionalize hip hop studies’ presence on virginia tech’s campus. another motivator that guides our programming is the need to challenge the white heteronormativity of higher education and, especially, library spaces (rosa & henke, ). we build upon the work of scholars such as ladson-billings ( , ), gay ( ), and rawls and robinson ( ) in an effort to nurture both the shared and divergent cultural backgrounds and sensibilities of our community members. removing misconceptions that specific groups are not to be included in the socially constructed identity of a hip hop scholar or practitioner requires intentional effort toward increasing representation of excluded identities. recognizing that hip hop culture was birthed and nurtured in black and brown working class communities, our leadership board prioritizes creating opportunities for hip hop arts practitioners and scholars of color. beyond considering race and ethnicity, we are deliberate about requiring gender parity among compensated guest artists and scholars. these are two examples of how the vtditc community acts as agents of change to redress historical and contemporary oppression in educational spaces (nysed, n.d.).  the origins of vtditc the first meeting of what would eventually become our leadership board, the program’s decision making body, took place on december , in newman library. newman is virginia tech’s main campus library. it is also home to a modest recording studio (now known as media design studio b). the focus of this initial meeting was to create a monthly hip hop-focused seminar series that would take place in the largest venue in newman, the multipurpose room or mpr. volume : intro to djing and fair use occurred a couple of months later in february .  along with the university libraries, representatives from a variety of both student organizations and campus units served as co-sponsors and worked hard to make the event a success. to start the event, students dylan holiday and alayna carey (alayna is a member of our leadership board at present) taught a workshop with librarian craig arthur. the workshop addressed the intersections and divergences of djing and fair use principles. afterwards, the sixty or so attendees had the opportunity to each try their hand at djing with a variety of equipment set up for their use. the vast majority of the equipment belonged to members of the leadership board. virginia tech’s own breaking (also known as breakdancing) club ended the event with an informal cypher. the event’s sponsoring organizations included the africana studies program, the black cultural center, the flowmigos (another name for the vt breaking club), the intercultural engagement center, the gloria d. smith professorship in black studies, students of hip hop legacy (a club related to hip hop fandom), vt expressions (a club focused on hosting open mic events), the vt women’s center, and wuvt . fm (the university’s student-run radio station). this workshop is now considered a foundational component of our  seminar series. it kicks off every year as a welcome event to our community members both old and new. the second iteration of this workshop received front-page coverage in the local newspaper; the article highlighted how hip hop culture was connecting students, faculty, staff, and community members in the newman library (korth, ). (for an approximation of the vibes at this recurring workshop, see vtditc, a.) the six elements of vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech vtditc is comprised of six main components: ) the seminar series, ) media literacy workshops, ) weekly studio hours, ) the community engagement fellows program, ) credit-bearing curriculum, and ) practitioners for hire. each of these elements serves a unique subset of our community; for instance, the audience of our media literacy workshops are typically k- students while our practitioners for hire element connects local artists with campus units for opportunities for the artists to be compensated for their talents. while the program originated with the seminar series, the majority of our labor is spent on the other components. ) the seminar series: vt’s longest running monthly event since that first seminar in february , we have hosted additional iterations of the seminar. approximately two dozen artists and scholars from beyond the campus have been compensated to share their expertise with the community we foster. the series, which takes place (originally in-person, now virtually [due to covid- ], and, in due time hopefully, both virtually and in-person) on the second or third thursday evenings of september, october, november, february, march, and april. our seminars specifically occur during these months because that is when the regular school semesters take place. december and may are skipped due to the harried nature of the exam season. the seminars have addressed a wide range of topics including but not limited to gender, artistic ethics, heteronormativity, entrepreneurship, race, and police brutality. a recent example of how we addressed a topic using a hip hop lens was at our seminar vtditc volume : hip hop & police brutality. we hosted several scholars to discuss how hip hop music has long documented police violence. we selected hip hop songs that featured lyrics chronicling artists’ personal interactions with police over the course of three decades. throughout this seminar, we conducted a group temporal analysis of how artists use their music to express the climate of police brutality across time periods and geographic differences. ideally each year the planning committee develops seminars that directly discuss music creation as well as seminars that engage other hip hop practitioners in topics such as dance, the visual arts, journalism, and entrepreneurship.  while including academic voices is important, intentionally prioritizing the perspectives of hip hop arts practitioners is essential to our program. our seminar series does not regularly follow the typical academic panel format. even the events that do resemble a more traditional academic seminar feature a single artistic performance at a minimum. the information discussed in our seminars applies and appeals to a wide range of individuals. as a result, attendees include virginia tech students, faculty, staff, that of nearby institutions, and community members from the broader new river valley and roanoke valley. as a result of the covid- pandemic, guests must now virtually attend our seminars. over the past few months, we have had individuals from across the united states check out our events. previously (before covid- ), guests would need to physically come to virginia tech’s newman library to attend these events.  when attendees arrive at our seminars, they are greeted by a live dj mix of hip hop music curated by our own dj c. sharp. after the welcome mix, the event’s creative director and mc (roles currently occupied by jasmine and la’ portia) bring the community together for announcements. we begin by expressing gratitude to our community partners as well as acknowledging the tutelo/monacan nations as well as the enslaved african people (virginia tech’s blacksburg campus was formerly the site of the smithfield plantation) who occupied this land before us. following our announcements and land acknowledgements, we introduce our artists, scholars, and/or practitioners and they begin their presentations. throughout the seminar there are often exercises where the community interacts with the practitioners. when meeting in person, food was provided midway through the seminar for the community to share. this feature of our seminar series symbolizes a hip hop tradition of breaking bread, but also serves as an opportunity to (albeit marginally) help reduce food scarcity on campus (us gao, ). at the conclusion of our seminar, we make sure to allow time for an open question and answer session so that the community can have another opportunity to engage with the practitioners and as well as each other. we have also hosted numerous more participatory, performance-based events such as beat and mc battles. (see vtditc, b for highlights of our second annual beat battle as an example of how we are reimagining the seminar format.)  (some members of the vtditc leadership board / ; l-r: eric luu (‘ -’ creative director, vt ‘ ), craig arthur (university libraries), juel downing (black cultural center student assistant ‘ -’ , vt ‘ ), yamin semali (atlanta-based mc, producer, dj, & recording engineer), mallory foutch (former program coordinator, vt women’s center), and dr. a. kwame harrison (professor, department of sociology & the africana studies program); image courtesy of richard randolph [vt ‘ ]) ) do things for the kids: media literacy workshops for the broader community this important component predates the program and is arguably our community’s favorite element of the vtditc program. craig has offered free dj classes throughout the new river valley for close to a decade. he had already integrated his twenty-year dj practice into his librarian praxis prior to joining virginia tech. recognizing that virginia tech university libraries was in the process of creating its digital literacy initiative shortly after his arrival, he realized that these workshops would dovetail well with many of the learning outcomes therein and could support the initiative’s efforts. since that time, we have offered more than creation-focused workshops for the larger community.  throughout the years, some of our more regular community partners have included – but are by no means limited to – the boys and girls clubs of southwest virginia, numerous iterations of the local alumnae chapter of alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s annual steam camp, roanoke public libraries, higher achievement, incorporated, vinton public library, and the west end center for youth. each of these organizations excels in providing programming to populations that virginia tech has traditionally underserved.  although the pandemic has put a temporary stop to our in-person media literacy workshops, we are currently re-developing our lesson plans to work in an online synchronous learning environment. we have hosted three such virtual workshops this semester. our workshops previously prioritized providing both access to music production equipment and utilizing an experiential learning approach to connect hip hop’s creative practices to steam education. science, technology, engineering, the arts and mathematics (steam) education is enhanced by hip hop practices which encourage students to engage in inquiry, dialogue, and critical thinking. unlike stem, the addition of the arts component adds opportunities for students to thrive and connect with abstract concepts (liao, ). while it is difficult to replicate the hands-on experience – such as time with turntables, records, dj mixers, samplers, drum machines, and microphones – the online environment is well equipped for other creative practices like writing raps, critiques, and reflections. online students are also able to engage activities which allow them to explore the relationship of beats per minute in a song and other numerical factors. engineering is an emerging area of interest in the vtditc media literacy workshops. we hope to explore the connection between the built environment and community impacts. hip hop artists regularly communicate their experiences within their environmental context. billboard charting hip hop artists have published songs that reflect the impacts that natural disasters, environmental injustice, and unsafe infrastructure systems have had on black communities. through a lyrical analysis of songs to introduce engineering issues, students are encouraged to consider engineering as a career path to serve their communities.  ) cooking up: studio hours studio hours are a weekly (every friday afternoon) three hour open studio session for any member of our vtditc community to record, refine the mixes of their existing recordings, write new material, and seek guidance from their fellow artists. importantly, studio hours serves as a fellowship-focused space and a markedly strong community of practice is evident. this component of the program began in the spring semester of and has persisted since. it takes place in the location of our initial planning meeting back in december : media design studio b in newman library. mds b offers a recording booth, several audio interfaces, condenser microphones, and two computer workstations – one for audio recording and mixing and another for audio-visual production and/or audio pre-production work. the studio can comfortably accommodate approximately a dozen people. we prioritize the artists’ comfort  and have long been intentional about not overpacking mds b. the vtditc community has not only hosted the longest continuous program in mds b with studio hours, we have also provided valuable user feedback to the team that runs the space. our programming has helped transition the space and equipment therein from a faculty-focused curriculum development lab to a more outwardly-focused recording studio marketed to the broader community. numerous songs have been recorded in mds b by vtditc community members during studio hours. students retain ownership of their work and are guided through the process of publishing their music in both digital and analog formats. the black cultural center mixtape is an example of a community project that came into being largely as a result of studio hours. the bcc mixtape can be found on virginia tech’s black cultural center’s soundcloud page; it was a long term, intensive project that was the brainchild of former bcc director kimberly williams. the project’s production, which took place over the course of two semesters, was largely orchestrated by the vtditc community.  vtditc students have also performed live on wuvt . fm, the university’s student-run radio station, and as opening acts for several major artists when they have performed on campus. we are particularly proud that multiple vtditc alumni have gained employment in creative arts-focused organizations. many have continued their connection to vtditc by collaborating with the current community. we have also hosted regionally and internationally renowned artists and recording engineers as a component of our studio hours program. they include stimulator jones, tim donovan, omar offendum, sum, ian levy, and emcee lioness. as a result of these particular studio sessions, several collaborative songs have been released; they feature students, faculty members, and community members.  each semester, a vtditc community member – often the lead technical director – serves as the resident recording engineer and studio hours community manager. we also attempt – with varying degrees of success – to ensure that we have an aspiring engineer in the wings to sustain the program’s momentum. there are relatively many virginia tech students who create their own music, but there are a limited number of students wanting to learn the engineering process necessary to record music. as a result, we intentionally promote the engineer mentor/mentee experience in hopes that we find interested individuals. our current creative director, jasmine, has expressed interest in music engineering and our leadership board is working to ensure that our current lead technical director shares all of their knowledge. these student leaders have been essential to the success of our constantly evolving and co-constructed studio etiquette guidelines as well. the guidelines ultimately reflect the values of the program and, in turn, ensure that the media co-created during studio hours is indicative of what we are trying to accomplish as a community. since the guidelines are prominently on display and reiterated at each of our sessions, they rarely need to be actively enforced. (vtditc studio etiquette guidelines – fall ) ) learning by doing: the vtditc community engagement fellows the faculty members on the leadership board created the vtditc community engagement fellows program as a way to intentionally transfer skills. students apply to partner with faculty members and dedicate time specifically to cultivating their expertise. this requires a relational process of shared responsibility with students and faculty. inasmuch, the vtditc community engagement fellows program helped us achieve an aspirational goal – to increase the agency of students within the community. the fellows – a team of approximately half a dozen undergraduate and graduate students – are essential to the success of our seminar series, our media literacy workshops, and studio hours. fellows comprise an interdisciplinary team that represent a wide swath of campus life and student organizations. oftentimes, the seemingly sole unifying feature of this team is that nearly all of the fellows are hip hop arts practitioners – be it djs, mcs, beat makers, visual artists, or dancers.  each fellow is classified as either a technical director or a creative director depending on their interests and skill sets. the technical directors, led by a lead technical director, are responsible for the more mechanical aspects such as setting up and striking equipment as well as djing and running audiovisual equipment (and, lately, monitoring chat and moderating attendees) during our programs. the creative directors, led by a lead creative director, handle the more visionary aspects of the program. they help determine the upcoming topics for our seminar series and identify artists and scholars with whom we should engage. they also shape the visual and virtual identity of the program via graphic design and actively maintaining our social media presence. despite the differentiation of duties, both technical and creative directors play an active role in co-designing and co-leading our media literacy workshops. inasmuch, the vtditc program allows for unrivaled and, importantly, compensated experiential learning opportunities on campus and in the community. numerous alums are now working in hip hop arts-based or adjacent professions – as recording engineers in commercial studies or as a community manager for an international breaking school, for example – due in part to this experience. ) not so formal learning: the curricular components vtditc is, without question, a largely co-curricular program. however, along with founding leadership board member dr. a. kwame harrison, craig has co-taught two iterations of a credit bearing course that was directly tied to the vtditc program: africana studies /sociology : foundations of hip hop. this course was offered in fall ( students) and spring ( students). in keeping with the emphasis on experiential learning evident in the rest of the vtditc program, students were afforded the opportunity to create media projects rather than traditional academic essays in both iterations of this course. many students made use of the resources – equipment loans and the media design studio b, for instance – provided to them by the university libraries to do so. we have partnered with the department of sociology and the africana studies program, largely thanks to dr. harrison, to co-teach several independent study courses as well. foci of these courses have included mcing, coordinating events on campus, and internships in commercial recording studios.  ) you can’t pay your bills with exposure: practitioners for hire as previously mentioned, the vtditc program intentionally prioritizes hip hop arts practitioners in all that we do. we do our best to leverage our campus relationships to connect these practitioners with compensated work. there are typically many opportunities – and unfortunately the majority pay with only exposure – for visual artists, djs, photographers, videographers, and dancers to share their work on a college campus. over the years, we have successfully connected members of our community with rare paid opportunities provided by the university. one example of our practitioners for hire component is the relationship we have fostered with north carolina based muralist good homie signs and the university. good homie has created six of the seven murals (the remaining mural was created by meme of the cbs and few & far crews) vtditc has coordinated since the beginning of the program. “narrative art”, commissioned in april for a co-sponsored program on the rhetorics of graffiti with the department of english and dr. jonathan gross (purdue university), has been on display in a popular meeting room in shanks hall, the home of the english department, since june of last year. this component of the vtditc program is an innovation to the best of our knowledge; we hope to continue to connect hip hop arts practitioners with similar paid opportunities on our campus in the coming years. (good homie signs’ “narrative art” mural completed / and permanently installed in the department of english’s conference room – / ) (good homie signs’ ut prosim [or “that i may serve” – the university’s motto] mural completed / and installed permanently in newman library / ; note: third image courtesy of cat piper [vt ‘ ]) (good homie signs’ bobcat studios mural completed / and located in the bobcat studios recording studio at radford high school [radford, va]) the voice of the community to help assess the program, community members are asked to share their feedback. the following quotes are excerpts from testimonials, post-event interviews, and event planning meetings. quotes were selected to describe how members of our community speak to the connection that the vtditc programming supports.  “even outside of breaking, vtditc always brings a really cool vibe to whatever they have going on, whether it’s a rap sesh or craig spinning records or even just chilling and talking about current issues. it’s like a hip hop family, which is nice to see anywhere, especially in a place like blacksburg.” – virgil thornton love is an important ingredient in our events to balance the work required to discuss the tough issues our community faces. academia is dominated with debates and lectures, and while both of those formats are present in vtditc programming, many of the discussions at our events are modeled to mimic a family dinner conversation. food is present and our crowd separates into small focus groups.  “my favorite memories were the beat battles–more specifically, seeing professors and students compete, champion, and show a bombastic love for each other.”  – kimberly williams  breaking down hierarchy is extremely important to empower voices. the vtditc community creates opportunities for faculty, staff, students, and non-university affiliated community members to compete on a level playing field. healthy competition allows for supportive energy to be transferred from the community into individuals and their creations. many of the artistic works shared in our competitions are works in progress that are improved through community input.  “vtditc is more than a library program; it is a community program, yet i continue to discuss its connection to the library and my librarianship. this is because working with vtditc showed me the value of leaving the library to listen to the people the library serves, and this is a lesson i am extremely grateful for as it makes me a better librarian.” – kodi saylor “i learned to listen better, respect better, and uplift better by being in that environment, which is something that came about naturally because that positive energy was already present.” – jon kabongo listening to others and valuing what they have to say is a non-negotiable community requirement of vtditc. the success of the vtditc program is greatly due to our ability to listen to what community members want and need. our community members feel listened to and reciprocate our efforts by listening to others at our events. virginia tech has aspirational community guidelines which unfortunately are not always upheld. our community is not without flaw, but it is apparent that we are committed to superseding the expectations and standards of the broader university environment. we are not building a utopia but an incredible amount of trust is being developed within our community where open mics and vulnerable identities co-exist.  plans for the future we feel confident that we have the program more or less dialed in both in practice and in theory, however we would like to increase the number of people that participate in the program. to date, the vtditc community has been funded largely by the university libraries (approximately $ , -$ , per year) via departmental support for outreach programming as well as by financial support from campus units and internal grants. the vast majority of these funds have gone directly to student wages, artist and scholar honorariums, and purchasing the equipment necessary to support the program. we have received several internal grants (ranging from $ to $ , ) in additional funding. to increase our impact in the broader community, we plan to aggressively seek external funding and sponsorships beyond campus.  additionally, we also hope to further refine our programmatic assessment. qualitative data have been collected from events and engagements which has helped vtditc grow. a student collected several testimonials at our events as a part of a journalism project which was continued by our event staff in hopes of finding opportunities for improvement. participant testimonials have helped tune the amount of time allotted for discussion at events as well as the importance of communicating to students opportunities to become the hosts of our events. testimonial data also helped the vtditc event team create  “no-photos please” lanyards to protect student privacy, especially when engaging in politicized topics. planning meetings for vtditc events are open to anyone, and insights provided by visiting community members have improved our events – especially as new topics are explored in conjunction with new partners. in particular, visiting community members have helped us take an iterative approach to how we promote our events and spread the reach of our programming. vtditc hosts the most attended and longest running series in the newman library, and while the participation rates are impressive, we strive to develop richer quantitative measures of success to explore and assess the program’s success. with the program growing in scale, quantitative measures are beginning to become more applicable for measuring program success through standard statistical procedures. for our online programming, which has connected over participants in the same virtual meeting, a survey is being designed to accompany our registration process which will collect likert scale data to record participant perceptions of engagement and knowledge gains. this likert scale data will be recorded and used to help the leadership and advisory boards make decisions about the program’s trajectory. we also plan to leverage this data as evidence of the program’s impact for external grant funding.  conclusion community practices are established over long periods of time. although the program is almost half a decade old, vtditc is just getting started. constructing, deconstructing, and re-envisioning the program has been a repetitive process. working in the university environment, vtditc was designed to be dynamic and capable of growing even with a large number of individuals whose tenures are relatively brief. many challenges are present when engaging with communities as volatile as those in higher education, especially with respect to continuity, trust, and funding. our guiding principles and engagement practices help to mitigate several common failures. post graduation vtditc students have open lines of  communication with the program and provide guidance to the generations that follow. vtditc only engages in community partnerships that are designed to meet community needs, and prioritize community empowerment, not the further establishment of the academic institution. financial constraints are considered opportunities to develop alternate paths towards success, while maintaining a high standard for the quality of our outputs. while the vtditc community cannot be duplicated at other institutions, by presenting our process, we hope to provide others with the ability to sample our program to create their own sound engagement practices with their community.   acknowledgements this article would not have been possible without the scores of students, artists, community members, as well as virginia tech faculty and staff who have played varying – but all vital – roles in the vtditc crew over the last half decade.  arthur j. boston, ian beilin, and ryan randall’s formal peer-reviews were also invaluable as we wrote, remixed, and reworked this articles’ numerous drafts. thank you for your patience, kindness, and support. the vtditc community dedicates our work to the memory of: james “trigganamatree” maples ( / / - / / ) – the reigning vtditc mc battle championchris “dj g-wiz” gwaltney ( / / - / / ) – early supporter of the program and co-teacher of numerous vtditc media literacy workshops references craig, t. ( ). “jackin’ for beats”: djing for citation critique.” radical teacher, ,  - . drake, d. ( , march ). “hip-hop’s unknown legends: the diggin’ in the crates crew.” stylus magazine. http://stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/hip-hops-unknown-legends-the-diggin-in-the-crates-crew.html fralin, s., foutch, m., arthur, c., harrison, a.k., paige, f., luu, e., & downing, j. ( ). hip hop @ vt. exhibit displayed in newman library from august to november . https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/ / gay, g. ( ). culturally responsive teaching: theory, research, and practice. new york: teachers college press. gosa, t. & fields, t. ( ). “is hip-hop education another hustle? the (ir)responsible use of hip-hop as pedagogy.” in porfilio, b. & viola, m. (eds.), hip-hop(e): the cultural practice and critical pedagogy of international hip-hop (pp. – ). peter lang. harrison, a.k. & arthur, c. ( ). “hip hop ethos.” humanities, ( ), - .  korth, r. ( , february ). “students digging monthly hip hop event.” roanoke times. https://roanoke.com/news/education/higher_education/virginia_tech/students-digging-monthly-hip-hop-event/article_d face - e a- e -aa f- f c f .html ladson-billings, g. ( ). “toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy.” american educational research journal, ( ), - . ladson-billings, g. ( ). “culturally relevant pedagogy . : a.k.a. the remix.” harvard educational review, ( ), - . liao, christine ( ). “from interdisciplinary to transdisciplinary: an arts-integrated approach to steam education,” art education, : , - . new york state department of education. (n.d.). culturally responsive-sustaining education framework. http://www.nysed.gov/common/nysed/files/programs/crs/culturally-responsive-sustaining-education-framework.pdf  nielson, e. ( , april ). “high stakes for hip-hop studies.” the huffington post. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/erik-nielson/high-stakes-for-hip-hop-studies_b_ .html petchauer, e. ( ). “framing and reviewing hip-hop educational research.” review of educational research, ( ), – . https://doi.org/ . / petchauer, e. ( ). hip-hop culture in college students’ lives: elements, embodiment, and higher edutainment. routledge. rawls, j.d. & robinson, j. ( ). youth culture power: a #hiphoped guide to building teacher-student relationships and increasing student engagement. peter lang.  rice, j. ( ). “the hip-hop machine: hip-hop pedagogy as composition.” college composition and communication, ( ), - . rosa, k. & henke, k. ( ). ala demographic study. american library association. http://www.ala.org/tools/research/initiatives/membershipsurveys u.s. government accountability office. “food insecurity: better information could help eligible college students access federal food assistance benefits.” u.s. government accountability office, january , . https://www.gao.gov/products/gao- - . vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( a, october ). #vtditc vol : intro to djing & fair use [video]. youtube. https://youtu.be/oolwlylnkli  vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( b, november ). #vtditc vol : beat battle & music production workshop featuring beatsbyjblack [video]. youtube. https://youtu.be/nbofsk s-a appendix vtditc: a rough and incomplete timeline 	 / / : craig was invited by dr. karen davis to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s tau mu omega chapter’s first steam camp. the camp happened on the campus of radford university which was both dr. davis’ and craig’s employer at the time. although craig had been djing for years and had taught numerous individuals the craft by this point, this workshop was the first time he had the opportunity to teach a group of middle school students from a media literacy perspective. 	 / / : craig was invited back to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, inc.’s tau mu omega chapter’s second annual steam camp. this collaboration continues annually to the present.  	 / / : craig began working at his alma mater in the role of teaching & learning engagement librarian. 	 / / : the first meeting of what would become the vtditc leadership board took place in what is now the media design studio b in newman library. 	 / / : vtditc collaborated with roanoke public libraries for the for the love of hip hop program at their main branch. rpl and vtditc have partnered roughly a dozen times over the interceding years and our relationship with rpl is one unquestionably one of our strongest community partnerships. 	 / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing & fair use. this event – along with every other in-person seminar series event – took place in newman library’s multipurpose room. vt students dylan holliday and alayna carey served as workshop co-teachers alongside craig. alayna (vt class of ‘ ) is still a member of the vtditc leadership board. 	 / / - / / : first vt hip hop appreciation weekend – a three day collaboration between students of hip hop legacy, the flowmigos/vt breaking club, and vtditc – occurred. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship featured dj zomanno (los angeles based dj and vt alum), justin kim (los angeles based musican and model), and vt student nathan zed. dr. a. kwame harrison (vt department of sociology and africana studies program) moderated the discussion. 	 / / : give me a break versus b-boy/b-girl jam (sponsored by the flowmigos/vt breaking club with assistance from vtditc) took place in the newman library multipurpose room. 	 / / : vtditc vol : gender & hip hop featured legendary poet and vt faculty nikki giovanni. vt phd student corey miles and the black cultural center’s director kimberly williams moderated the discussion. 	 / / : vtditc vol : beat battle & music production workshop featured yamin semali (atlanta based producer, dj, mc, and recording engineer). local music producer electrobro won first place. 	 / / : vtditc vol : mc battle & workshop featured daytripper (atlanta based producer, dj, and mc) and emcee lioness (maryland based mc and vt alum). trigganamatree (aka james maples who passed tragically the following year) won the battle. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop & digital literacy featured dr. ad carson (uva department of music), sum (los angeles based mc), vt student nathan zed, and stimulator jones (roanoke based musician). dr. a. kwame harrsion moderated the discussion. 	spring semester : we began hosting vtditc studio hours in what is now the media design studio b in newman library. the sessions occurred from am to pm every friday that semester as well as during the summer. 	 / / - / / : vtditc artist/entrepreneur-in-residence. los angeles based artist sum served as the university libraries first (and only thus far) artist/entrepreneur in residence. sum met with over members of the campus community during his residency. afterwards he presented a document with numerous recommendations and debriefed interested members of the university libraries with his findings via a virtual meeting. 	 / / : vtditc vol : the hour challenge – a collaborative music creation competition – took place. three teams of approximately half a dozen randomly chosen local hip hop artists were given an hour to create a full song. the crowd picked their favorite at the conclusion of the event. logistically it was a nightmare but it all worked out somehow. recap video 	 / / : the roanoke times publishes a front page story on the vtditc program. 	 / / - / / : nd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend transpired. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc served as co-sponsors. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop & liberation featured dr. brandy faulkner (vt department of political science), omar offendum (los angeles based mc), dumi right (vt alum and virginia based mc), and saba taj (durham based visual artist). recap video 	 / / : vtditc park jam featured muralists icue (atlanta) and good homie signs (north carolina) as well as atlanta based dj and mc daytripper. 	 / / : vtditc vol : gender & hip hop ii featured blair ebony smith (university) and kyesha jennings (nc state). recap video 	fall semester : vtditc studio hours continued in mds b. we altered hours to fridays from to to better serve our community’s needs. 	 / / : the hip hop @ vt exhibit opened in newman library. this exhibit – which was created in collaboration with the university libraries’ course exhibits program – was on display on the main floor of newman library through nearly the entirety of the fall semester. mural timelapse video 	 / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing & fair use – the return consisted of a workshop by craig and numerous vt djs/students who also served as small group coaches. recap video 	 / / : vtditc vol : beat battle & music production workshop featured beatsbyjblack (northern virginia based music producer) and was hosted by vt student eric luu. vt student samwmta won first place. mike abstrakt, a roanoke-based high school student and music producer, took home second place. recap video 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop & mental health featured dr. ian levy (manhattan college), dr. freddy paige (virginia tech department of civil and environmental engineering), dr. brandy faulkner, and emcee lioness.  	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop & interrogating civility. this event, in collaboration with the office of student conduct, took a critical view of the imperative of civility on our campus. dr. andrea baldwin (vt department of sociology), yolanda avent (vt community and cultural centers), vt student juan pachecho, and dr. ad carson (uva) served as panelists.  	 / / - / / : rd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend took place. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc again served as co-sponsors. 	 / / : vtditc vol : gender & hip hop iii – the return of the b-girl. graffiti artist meme, dancer bgirl macca, and emcee lioness served as panelists for this iteration of our seminar series.  	 / / : nd annual vtditc park jam featured muralists good homie signs and meme. recap video 	 / / : black cultural center (bcc) mixtape released. this collaborative project – the culmination of a semester and a half of work largely done during vtditc studio hours – was formally released at a celebration at the bcc. 	 / / : words of the prophets: graffiti as political protest in greece, italy, and poland. this collaborative program with the vt department of english featured dr. jonathan gross (professor of english at purdue university). he shared his research regarding the rhetorics of graffiti art. good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural prior to this event. it is now on display in the department of english’s conference room (shanks hall ). 	 / / : vtditc vol : show & prove. this event was an all elements open battle for local hip hop arts practitioners. members of the flowmigos won first place. 	 / : the vtditc leadership board established our inaugural advisory board. the first advisory board consisted of juel downing (vt class of ‘ and original leadership board member), dr. j. rawls (dj/producer and educator), sum (mc), emcee lioness (vt class of ‘ and mc), dumi right (vt class of ‘ and mc), and dr. joycelyn wilson (assistant professor of black media studies, georgia tech). 	‘ -’ academic year: notably, the vtditc community engagement fellows co-designed and co-taught media literacy workshops for the broader community. roughly a dozen partner organizations helped facilitate these workshops. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop & race – what hasn’t been said. this event consisted of small group discussions led by a team of moderators.  	 / / : vtditc vol : soul sessions – rebel voices. this iteration of our seminar series was a collaboration with roanoke-based open mic series soul sessions and celebrated of lgbtq+ history month. 	 / / : vtditc vol : rd annual beat battle & music production workshop. this recurrence of one of our most anticipated events was judged and hosted by stimulator jones (roanoke based musician, dj, and producer). vt student and music producer prince predator (vt class of ‘ ) won the battle.  	february : bobcat studios project. vtditc was awarded a $ internal grant by vt’s institute for creativity, arts, and technology to create a recording studio and the culturally-relevant curriculum necessary to support it at radford high school (radford, virginia).  	 / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing and fair use iii. this workshop was taught by ucla department of africana studies’ lynnée denise and focused on their research regarding the dj as scholar. 	 / / : vtditc held a master class with legendary recording engineer tim donovan in media design studio b.  	mid march : vtditc studio hours transitioned to a virtual-only format. 	 / / : vtditc vol : gender & hip hop iv’s original date. we rescheduled this event to / / and transitioned to a virtual format due to the covid- pandemic 	 / / : rd annual vditc park jam’s original date. we rescheduled this event to / / due to the covid- pandemic. 	 / / : vtditc vol : black communities & the police. this was our first virtual-only seminar series event and it transpired shortly after george floyd was murdered by the minneapolis police department. community stalwart dr. brandy faulkner kindly shared her expertise with us yet again. 	mid august : vtditc studio hours reinstated in-person programming in mds b. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop and police brutality. our second virtual only seminar series event featured dr. brandy faulkner, dr. ellington graves (vt office for inclusion and diversity and department of sociology/africana studies program), roanoke-based recording artist macklyn, and radford university department of social work’s dr. deneen evans. panelists analyzed both current and classic hip hop songs as foundational texts describing instances of police violence.  	 / / : rd annual vtditc park jam – the do-over. north carolina based artist and regular vtditc collaborator good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural of the virginia tech motto ut prosim (or “that i may serve”) outside of newman library. the mural was installed in newman library the following month.  	 / / : vtditc vol – the do-over: gender & hip hop iv featured dr. shante paradigm smalls (st. john’s university). this event was our third virtual-only seminar series event. dr. smalls presentation focused on their research regarding queer hip hop historiographies. 	 / / : vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship ii featured stacy epps (atlanta-based artist and attorney). at our fourth virtual-only seminar series event, stacy’s workshop focused on the steps necessary for aspiring artists to professionalize their creative practices. 	 / - / / : good homie signs created the bobcat studios mural ( ’ by ’) at radford high school.  images: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ rmesxfmpcqjjrdjmrpcyqdebjxwsjvss?usp=sharing  testimonials: https://docs.google.com/document/d/ nd b qqrzrvpw tojhwlmog yrazqv ypekcoymvwo/edit?usp=sharing 			 						 				community building, community engagement, community groups, hip-hop, 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										 this work is licensed under a cc attribution . license. issn - 				 										about this journal | archives | submissions | conduct 				 			 		 				 	 	 names: respect, inclusion and belonging – tara robertson 	skip to content 	 		 			 										tara robertson 												diversity, equity + inclusion 										menu and widgets 			 		 			 		 		 					 				pages 				about 	presentations 	publications 	selected media and talks 	contact 			 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 			 this work by tara robertson is licensed under a creative commons attribution . international license. 		follow me on twitter my tweets			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 	 	 		names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	 	 		 diversity, equity and inclusion is not about just revising hr policies and processes to be more inclusive and equitable, it’s a lens that you need to view everything through. for product organizations it’s a key lens to look at the product and customer experience.  i’ve been thinking about personal names and how those are a point of inclusion and belonging, or not. names are personal, and for many of us, an important part of our identity. how do you say your name?  my name is tara. in north america people often mispronounce it, less so in other parts of the world. my name is pronounced tah-rah, not terra. for the first years of my life it was easier for me to not speak up when people mispronounced it. when i was in my early s i met a woman of colour at a conference who also had a name that was much less common than mine. she said that it was a basic sign of respect to say people’s names properly and that changed how i operate. these days i usually correct people, but i still do the mental arithmetic to calculate if the energy it takes to interject and then to manage people’s apologies is worth it. our names tell a story and for many of us they’re an important part of who we are.  the microaggressions i experience are tiny compared to bipoc people with non-english names. i love this story from actor uzo aduba when she told her mom that she wanted to be called zoe. her mother replied “if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka.” "if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka." – @uzoaduba take action for girls and women: https://t.co/ocqi uwgi pic.twitter.com/k yf qbtfs — global citizen (@glblctzn) february , i recently learned that from - s the canadian government “assigned inuit numbered identification tags that they had to wear around their necks, mainly because white administrators couldn’t pronounce their names.”  our names are important and saying them correctly is a basic level of respect.  joe biden’s name sign i’ve been following some of the conversations in black deaf communities about president elect joe biden’s name sign. in deaf culture people have name signs that represent them and people with close ties to the deaf community or well known figures also given name signs by the deaf individuals or community. here’s what nakia smith has to say: i signed what i signed 💅🏽 pic.twitter.com/mbyr l u — it’s charmay to you (@realcaunsia) november , she’s quoted in this la times article saying that this name sign looks like “a “c” sign used by members of the crips gang in some american cities and could be dangerous for signers of color and embarrassing to the incoming administration.” names are important and have layers of meaning from our families, histories, cultures and communities.  names in databases when i worked at mozilla i documented the various places someone transitioning their gender at work would need to update their name and gender marker. there were so many systems: the hr information system, ldap logins, payroll system, benefits providers, the company we used to book travel’s system, bugzilla, github, and the internal staff directory and likely others that i’m forgetting.  doing this work i learned there were more than a few people who didn’t fit neatly in these systems, including:  	people who only have a first name 	people with non-english characters in their names 	people with non-english names who also have english names 	people who get married and change their last name to their spouse’s last name 	people who get married and change their last name to a hyphenated name with their spouse’s last name 	people who get divorced and change their name back 	people who change their first name to something that fits them better 	people with very short names 	people with very long names patrick mckenzie’s falsehoods programmers believe about names is the most comprehensive list of assumptions about names that i’ve read. if you’re designing anything that will include people’s names, this is required reading. emma humphries’ adventures in renaming is also a useful resource. this study by r. ruiz-pérez, e. delgado lópez-cózar, e. jiménez-contreras in the journal of medical library association looked at how “spanish names are handled by national and international databases and to identify mistakes that can undermine the usefulness of these databases for locating and retrieving works by spanish authors”. this study listed name format variations with these two being the most common:  	first name first surname second surname 	first name middle name first surname second surname i can imagine how this would impact search, retrieval and therefore how often the work is cited, which could in turn impact prestige through tenure, promotion and grants.  original article in business insider article in gale academic onefile in gale academic onefile, vernā myers, the vp of inclusion strategy at netflix, name is spelled incorrectly. i’m assuming that the data ingest from business insider choked on the macron over the “a” at the end of her first name. changing verna to vern makes it seem like the vp is male. also, if i was searching for articles that mention vernā myers, this one wouldn’t come up.  just like with in person interactions, how we design databases to include (or exclude) people’s names is about respect and impacts the feeling of belonging (or not) and who can be found (or not).  names in products the way names show up in products and services can be a point of inclusion and belonging. this summer mastercard launched true name: for many in the lgbtqia+ community, the name on their credit, debit or prepaid card does not reflect their true identity. that’s why we’re working with partners to bring products to market that will allow for chosen names to appear on the front of cards, helping ease a major pain point for the transgender and nonbinary communities. it’s a big deal having a credit card or debit card that matches your gender presentation and who you are. this video tells some of those stories: this goes beyond corporate platitudes during pride month. this is something concrete that mastercard did to make their products more inclusive of trans and non-binary people and make it a little easier for trans and non-binary people to buy things.  this summer linkedin added a feature that allows you to record your name. in october greenhouse added the say my name feature, where candidates can “pre-record the correct pronunciation of their names when recruiters request their interview schedule availability through greenhouse”. i’d love to learn about other product examples where the people building the product put specific care and attention on getting people’s names right.  thank you thank you to cara hall and carolyn arthur for feedback and editing help. share this: 	click to share on twitter (opens in new window) 	click to share on facebook (opens in new window) 	 	related 	 	 	 		posted on december , december , author tara robertson			 			 			one thought on “names: respect, inclusion and belonging”		 		 			 			 				 					 												meagan pollock says:					 					 						december , at : am					 									 				 					hi tara, after reading a similar post i just published, a colleague directed me to yours! i’m going to link to your article on mine: https://engineerinclusion.com/say-their-name-and-say-it-correctly keep up the great work! 				 							 		 		 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * comment name * email * website notify me of follow-up comments by email. notify me of new posts by email. 	 	 	 		post navigation 		previous previous post: thought leaders in diversity, equity and inclusion you should know 	 		 	 	 	 		 									 				proudly powered by wordpress			 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 				 disruptive library technology jester skip links 	skip to primary navigation 	skip to content 	skip to footer disruptive library technology jester 	 about 	 resume toggle search toggle menu peter murray library technologist, open source advocate, striving to think globally while acting locally follow 	 columbus, ohio 	email 	twitter 	keybase 	github 	linkedin 	stackoverflow 	orcid 	 email recent posts user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay minute read earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure. ... as a cog in the election system: reflections on my role as a precinct election official minute read i may nod off several times in composing this post the day after election day. hopefully, in reading it, you won’t. it is a story about one corner of democ... running an all-online conference with zoom [post removed] less than minute read this is an article draft that was accidentally published. i hope to work on a final version soon. if you really want to see it, i saved a copy on the interne... with gratitude for the niso ann marie cunningham service award minute read during the inaugural niso plus meeting at the end of february, i was surprised and proud to receive the ann marie cunningham service award. todd carpenter, ... tethering a ubiquity network to a mobile hotspot minute read i saw it happen. the cable-chewing device the contractor in the neighbor’s back yard with the ditch witch trencher ... 	previous 	 	 	 	… 	 	next enter your search term... 	 twitter 	 github 	 feed © peter murray. powered by jekyll & minimal mistakes. andromeda yelton andromeda yelton 	though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. when i first trained a neural net on , theses to make hamlet, one of the things i most wanted to do is be able to visualize them. if word vec places documents &# ;near&# ; each other in some kind of inferred conceptual space, we should be able to see some kind of map of them, yes? &# ; continue reading though these be matrices, yet there is method in&# ;them. &# ; 	of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer skipped fridai blogging last week because of thanksgiving, but let&# ;s get back on it! top-of-mind today are the firing of ai queen timnit gebru (letter of support here) and a couple of grant applications that i&# ;m actually eligible for (this is rare for me! i typically need things for which i can apply in my &# ; continue reading of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style&# ;transfer &# ; 	let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols. in , i trained a neural net on ~ k graduate theses using the doc vec algorithm, in hopes that doing so would provide a backend that could support novel and delightful discovery mechanisms for unique library content. the result, hamlet, worked better than i hoped; it not only pulls together related works from different departments (thus &# ; continue reading let&# ;s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the&# ;lols. &# ; 	ai in the library, round one the san josé state university school of information wanted to have a half-course on artificial intelligence in their portfolio, and asked me to develop and teach it. (thanks!) so i got a blank canvas on which to paint eight weeks of&# ;whatever you might want graduate students in library &# ; information science students to know about &# ; continue reading ai in the library, round&# ;one &# ; 	adventures with parsing django uploaded csv files in python let&# ;s say you&# ;re having problems parsing a csv file, represented as an inmemoryuploadedfile, that you&# ;ve just uploaded through a django form. there are a bunch of answers on stackoverflow! they all totally work with python ! &# ;and lead to hours of frustration if, say, hypothetically, like me, you&# ;re using python . if you are getting &# ; continue reading adventures with parsing django uploaded csv files in&# ;python &# ; 	my statement at the ala midwinter town hall (american libraries has helpfully provided an unedited transcript of the ala council town hall meeting this past midwinter, which lets me turn my remarks there into a blog post here. you can also watch the video; i start around : . i encourage you to read or watch the whole thing, though; it&# ;s interesting throughout with &# ; continue reading my statement at the ala midwinter town&# ;hall &# ; 	the highest level of service i. we provide the highest level of service to all library users&# ; ala code of ethics that&# ;s what public libraries do, right? provide service to everyone, respectfully and professionally &# ; and without conditioning that respect on checking your papers. if you walk through those doors, you&# ;re welcome here. when you&# ;re standing in the international arrivals &# ; continue reading the highest level of&# ;service &# ; 	leia: a montage about heroism montage &# ; ext. hangar &# ; remote planet &# ; day: leia gestures to a document in her other hand. &# ;there&# ;s still fighters that haven&# ;t had their c checks, and we need them ready to scramble by sunday. i can count on you to make that deadline, right?&# ; the chief mechanic nods smartly. &# ; int. &# ; continue reading leia: a montage about&# ;heroism &# ; 	locating my ala in i&# ;ve been reading discussion on ala council, twitter, and blogs following recent ala press releases and statements from the committee on legislation and the washington office, wondering where to locate my ala, and where to locate myself within it as a member leader. the question i keep coming back to is: where are our lines? &# ; continue reading locating my ala in&# ; &# ; 	an open letter to heather bresch dear heather bresch, you lived in morgantown. i did, too: born and raised. my parents are retired from the university you attended. my elementary school took field trips to mylan labs. they were shining, optimistic. you&# ;re from west virginia. i am, too. this means we both know something of the coal industry that has both &# ; continue reading an open letter to heather&# ;bresch &# ; none home - apps skip to main content menu system status help & access application directory key student, research, business, and 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use of internet technology with procurement best practices to simplify the purchasing process and reduce costs. 	icsuniversity contract management application 	my-ui-financialsdisplays personalized financial data and standard financial reports sourced from edw datamart 	p-cardthis the web based system to handle the university's p-card (procurement card system) transactions 	temuniversity travel and expense management application 	ui-paythis is a web based system accessed from banner web self service for students pages. it provides access to students to review their electronic bill, make an online payment and enroll in direct deposit. more finance applications press the space bar for more finance applications more finance applications view more finance applications application descriptions 	alasthis bolt-on application consists of web data entry support for recording criteria and calculation rules and rates for indirect cost assessments as well as allocations. the batch application selects appropriate expense transactions from the banner operating ledger, calculates assessment amounts, and creates journal voucher transactions. 	finance payroll process application tablesearch, view and edit values on the uillinois.t_fin_payr_adjustments table for fringe benefits assessments, fringe benefits encumbrance, payroll accruals, state rule change, state salary encumbrance and tuition waiver. 	grant loaderweb application used to interface grant information from kuali to banner. 	parameter editoraits web application that allows users to enter configuration data that can then be used by other applications. 	sacsthis is a banner finance bolt-on to recategorize and report information back to the state of illinois on state appropriation funds. 	web for financecurrently allows access to the banner self service budget query process. 	xcfoapmanage the university created cross foapal application. used to enter rules and also review errors close financial aid view financial aid application descriptions 	map calculation tablethis application maintains the control table data for calculating the state of illinois monetary assistance program (map) awards for eligible students. 	tuition waiver eligibilitythis application maintains control table data for computing hr appointments and assessing eligibility for employee tuition waivers. eligibility as load into banner financial aid to drive waiver calculations. 	work studythis application maintains control data in support of the interface from the payroll portion of banner to the financial aid portion to update work study earnings. more financial aid applications press the space bar for more financial aid applications more financial aid applications view more financial aid applications application descriptions 	axiom elitethis appliction is used to process student documents into banner and document manager (xtender) 	document upload configuration applicationthis web application allows maintenance of configuration data for financial aid documentation uploads. 	parameter editoraits web application that allows users to enter configuration data that can then be used by other applications. close human resources view human resources application descriptions 	hiretouchan administrative system used to process electronic employment applications. 	hr front endcustomized front end for banner hr application. fa is required for hr front end access. you can register for fa at https://verify.uillinois.edu/. 	hr reporting portala collection of human resources reports developed by the system hr office for use by units, colleges, and central hr. 	my ui info (nessie)employee self-service and information environment that enables employees to view employment related information, such as benefits, policies, and training opportunities. fa is required for off campus my ui info access. you can register for fa at https://verify.uillinois.edu/. 	tracker electronic i- a system for processing and storage for federal form i- , including e-verify when appropriate. more hr applications press the space bar for more hr applications more hr applications view more hr applications application descriptions 	employee mass changethis web application provides for mass changes to employee and job information required by the university and not supplied by banner functionality. 	hr/pay tools (newt)an interface for hr offices to complete employment and job information required by the university and not supplied by banner functionality. fa is required for newt access. you can register for fa at https://verify.uillinois.edu/. 	maintenance of workflow departmental approversan interface for maintaining departmental approvers for workflow applications. 	parameter editoraits web application that allows users to enter configuration data that can then be used by other applications. 	personnel registry management system (prms)an application used to manage civil service applications and exam scores. 	retiree rehire forman online proposal form to initiate and route for approval a request to hire someone who retired from a surs employer. 	retropaythe retro-pay application is used to calculate retro-active pay due to employees based on union settlements. 	salary plannerthis is a web self-service application from ellucian which allows units to enter annual salary increase information into banner. close payroll/benefits view payroll/benefits application descriptions 	adjustment notification applicationadjustment notification application (ana) is a web-based application used by departments to initiate requests for payroll adjustments that cannot be processed by the payroll adjustment request interface system (paris). it is used for initiating overpayment adjustments, current pay period time corrections, pay stops, leave balance updates for civil service employees, employee award payments and taxable benefit payments. 	involuntary deductions applicationan interface for maintaining involuntary deductions. 	parisan application used for initiating current pay period time corrections and prior pay period adjustments. fa is required for paris access. you can register for fa at https://verify.uillinois.edu/. more payroll/benefits applications press the space bar for more payroll/benefits applications more payroll/benefits applications view more payroll/benefits applications application descriptions 	campus recreation applicationthis web-based application allows payroll deduction and management of campus recreation membership fees. 	charities applicationthe web-based application creates campus charity deductions for employees in banner. 	collections applicationthis web-based application allows student financial services staff members the ability to add a new mua (receivable) deduction, change the amount or terminate the deduction for university employees. 	parameter editoraits web application that allows users to enter configuration data that can then be used by other applications. 	parking applicationthis web-based application creates parking deductions for employees in banner. 	uic auxiliary services applicationan interface for maintain meal plan deduction codes. close process automation view process automation application descriptions 	banner workflowthis is an enterprise level application that enables ellucian customers to create, maintain, and process workflows that are "erp-centric". this link provides administrators with access to maintain and monitor existing workflows as well as providing users access to their worklist which displays transactions in their "inbox" waiting for their processing action. 	formbuilderthis is an enterprise level application that allows for event registration and workflow capabilities. administrators can use this link to monitor transactions, run reports, or perform other maintenance tasks to forms they have access to or to create new forms. student administration view student administration application descriptions 	attribute maintenance systemthis application provides the capability to update attributes within banner. 	uachievethis application is used to create degree audit reports for students. the report is an unofficial audit of degree progress and includes all completed courses, as well as those currently in progress. 	uiuc grade change systemthis application is used by uiuc to allow faculty to submit requests for online grade changes. more student administration applications press the space bar for more student administration applications more student administration applications view more student administration applications application descriptions 	axiom elitethis appliction is used to process student documents into banner and document manager (xtender) 	banner general event managementbanner application used by uic to setup configuration data to allow students to register for recruiting and admissions events. 	diplomatic - departmental distinctionsthis application provides the ability to add/update/delete entries in the internal application table for diploma departmental distinction 	document upload configuration applicationthis web application allows maintenance of configuration data for financial aid documentation uploads. 	expected graduation date applicationthis application maintains the rules to be used in the calculation of a student's expected graduation term. 	parameter editoraits web application that allows users to enter configuration data that can then be used by other applications. 	pp/ap/tbc evaluation table maintenancethis web application allows for review and maintenance of control tables that drive the placement & proficiency and test based credit processes. 	student registration group assignment (time ticketing)this application maintains the rules used to assign registration time tickets to students. 	transfer credit extract front-end applicationthis web application allows for review and maintenance of the control tables that drive the test based credit processes. 	uic - astra scheduleenterprise application for academic, event, and final exam scheduling. 	uis - astra scheduleenterprise application for academic, event, and final exam scheduling. 	uiuc - astra scheduleenterprise application for academic, event, and final exam scheduling. 	web withdrawal deadline datethis application is used to maintain dates associated with student withdrawal deadlines. close time reporting view time reporting application descriptions 	academic vacation and sick leave recordingthe academic vacation and sick leave system (avsl), designed for academic professional staff, enables the electronic reporting of vacation, sick, and other types of leave. 	claritythis is an application used to manage project tasks, risk and issues, lessons learned and reporting time spent on a project or service. 	positive time reportingaccess for academic professionals and exempt civil service employees to enter time in compliance with the state officials and employees ethics act 	web time entryaccess to enter time using the time sheet entry application, and to access benefit statements questions? search the knowledgebase or contact the aits service desk for technical assistance. getting access need to use one of these applications? you can request access from your unit security contact (usc). find your usc system status check current system status messages and planned outage notices. go to system status university of illinois system copyright © the board of trustees of the university of illinois | privacy statement and terms of use freddy paige – in the library with the lead pipe 		 		 				 			 				 					 						skip to main content 						 					 				 				 					 						chat .webcam					 				 				 			 		 		 		 		 			 				 				 					 											 					open menu	home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 				 				 					home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 	 		 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 			 			 				by 								freddy paige 							 	 		 		 			 articles by freddy paige 	 			culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc – – 		 	 		 			 			 			 		 		 	 		 	 		 	 		 				 			 				 										 this work is licensed under a cc attribution . license. issn - 				 										about this journal | archives | submissions | conduct 				 			 		 				 	 	 jasmine weiss – in the library with the lead pipe 		 		 				 			 				 					 						skip to main content 						 					 				 				 					 						chat .webcam					 				 				 			 		 		 		 		 			 				 				 					 											 					open menu	home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 				 				 					home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 	 		 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 			 			 				by 								jasmine weiss 							 	 		 		 			 	about jasmine weiss 		 			 				 jasmine weiss is a junior at virginia tech university. she is majoring in sociology and minoring in africana studies. jasmine is the creative director for digging in the crates hip hop studies at virginia tech and the vice president for the vt chapter of the naacp. 									 more current biographical information may be available at https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasmine-weiss- a . 							 		 articles by jasmine weiss 	 			culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc – – 		 	 		 			 			 			 		 		 	 		 	 		 	 		 				 			 				 										 this work is licensed under a cc attribution . license. issn - 				 										about this journal | archives | submissions | conduct 				 			 		 				 	 	 dshr's blog: first we change how people behave dshr's blog i'm david rosenthal, and this is a place to discuss the work i'm doing in digital preservation. tuesday, april , first we change how people behave then the system will work the way we want. my skepticism about level self-driving cars keeps getting reinforced. below the fold, two recent examples. the fundamental problem of autonomous vehicles sharing roads is that until you get to level , you have a hand-off problem. the closer you get to level , the worse the hand-off problem. 	 	source sean gallagher's lion air max crew had seconds to react, boeing simulation finds shows the hand-off problem for aircraft: in testing performed in a simulator, boeing test pilots recreated the conditions aboard lion air flight when it went down in the java sea in october, killing people. the tests showed that the crew of the max would have only had seconds to respond to the maneuvering characteristics augmentation system’s (mcas’s) attempts to correct a stall that wasn’t happening before the aircraft went into an unrecoverable dive, according to a report by the new york times. while the test pilots were able to correct the issue with the flip of three switches, their training on the systems far exceeded that of the lion air crew—and that of the similarly doomed ethiopian airlines flight , which crashed earlier this month. the lion air crew was heard on cockpit voice recorders checking flight manuals in an attempt to diagnose what was going on moments before they died. great, must-read journalism from dominic gates at the seattle times, boeing's home-town newspaper in flawed analysis, failed oversight: how boeing and faa certified the suspect max flight control system shows that the fundamental problem with the max was regulatory capture of the faa by boeing; the faa's priority wasn't to make the max safe, it was to get it into the market as quickly as possible because airbus had a -month lead in this segment. and because airbus' fly-by-wire planes minimize the need for expensive pilot re-training, boeing's priority was to remove the need for it. the company had promised southwest airlines co. , the plane’s biggest customer, to keep pilot training to a minimum so the new jet could seamlessly slot into the carrier’s fleet of older s, according to regulators and industry officials. [former boeing engineer mr. [rick] ludtke [who worked on max cockpit features] recalled midlevel managers telling subordinates that boeing had committed to pay the airline $ million per plane if its design ended up requiring pilots to spend additional simulator time. “we had never, ever seen commitments like that before,” he said. the software fix boeing just announced is just a patch on a fundamentally flawed design, as george leopold reports in software won’t fix boeing’s ‘faulty’ airframe. boeing is gaming the regulations, and the faa let them do it. neither placed safety first. these revelations should completely destroy the credibility of faa certifications. although boeing's highly-trained test pilots didn't have to rtfm, they did have only seconds to diagnose and remedy the problem caused by the faulty angle-of-attack sensor and the buggy mcas software. inadequately trained lion air and ethiopian airlines pilots never stood a chance of a successful hand-off. self-driving car advocates assume that hand-offs are initiated by the software recognizing a situation it can't handle. but in this case the mcas software was convinced, on the basis of a faulty sensor, that it was handling the situation and refused to hand-off to the pilots times in succession. 	 	self-driving car stopper self-driving cars drivers will lack even the level of training of the dead pilots. the cars' software is equally dependent upon sensors, which can be fooled by stickers on the road*, and cannot handle rain, sleet or snow. or, as it turns out, pedestrians as david zipper tweeted: at a mobility event today i met an auto industry rep who told me "to enable av's we need a period of increased urban law enforcement so pedestrians know what they can't do. then they'll change behavior." i was so stunned i could barely respond "i think that's a horrific idea." — david zipper (@davidzipper) march , atrios' apt comment was: it is this type of thing which makes me obsess about this issue. and i have a couple insider sources (ooooh i am a real journalist) who confirm these concerns. the self-driving car people see pedestrians as a problem. i don't really understand how you can think urban taxis are your business model and also think walking is the enemy. cities are made of pedestrians. well, cities other than phoenix, anyway. i pay a dumb mortgage so i can walk to a concert, like i did last night. but no-one who matters cares about pedestrians because no-one who matters is ever on the sidewalk, let alone crossing the street. as the cdc reports: in , , pedestrians were killed in traffic crashes in the united states. this averages to one crash-related pedestrian death every . hours. additionally, almost , pedestrians were treated in emergency departments for non-fatal crash-related injuries in . pedestrians are . times more likely than passenger vehicle occupants to be killed in a car crash on each trip. the casualties who don't "know what they can't do" won't add much to the deaths and injuries, so we can just go ahead and deploy the technology asap. * tesla says the "stickers on the road" attack: is not a realistic concern given that a driver can easily override autopilot at any time by using the steering wheel or brakes and should always be prepared to do so well, yes, but the technology is called "autopilot" and musk keeps claiming "full autonomy" is just around the corner. posted by david. at : am labels: techno-hype comments: 	 david. said... 	 sean gallagher reports that: "delivery of boeing’s promised fix to the flight system software at the center of two max crash investigations has been pushed back several weeks after an internal review by engineers not connected to the aircraft raised additional safety questions. the results of the “non-advocate” review have not been revealed, but the federal aviation administration confirmed on april that the software needed additional work." 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 although they did rtfm, it looks like it didn't help: "pilots at the controls of the boeing co. max that crashed in march in ethiopia initially followed emergency procedures laid out by the plane maker but still failed to recover control of the jet, according to people briefed on the probe’s preliminary findings." 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in whistleblowers: faa max safety inspectors lacked training, certification, sean gallagher reports that: "multiple whistleblowers have raised issues over the federal aviation administration’s safety inspection process connected to boeing’s max aircraft, according to a letter to the faa from senate commerce committee chairman sen. roger wicker on april . and the faa’s leadership was informed of these concerns as far back as august of . the whistleblowers cited “insufficient training and improper certification” of faa aviation safety inspectors, “including those involved in the aircraft evaluation group (aeg) for the boeing max," wicker said in his letter to faa acting administrator david elwell." both boeing and the faa have serious credibility problems. 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 izabella kaminska and jamie powell uber's conflicting self-driving fleet vision analyzes uber's ipo documents and shows (a) uber is betting the future on a fleet of level cars, and (b) the economics of this bet simply don't work (and of course neither does the technology): "but here's the really important factor for would-be buyers of the stock on ipo day. uber says autonomous driving is essential for it to continue to effectively compete, but it also says these development efforts are capital and operations intensive (the opposite of its supposed asset-light business model today)." the quotes they emphasize from the ipo documents are fairly devastating. 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 yet again william gibson was prophetic. in defense against the darknet, or how to accessorize to defeat video surveillance, thomas claiburn describes a real-life version of the "ugliest t-shirt" from gibson's zero history. 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 julie bort's an engineer at uber's self-driving car unit warns that it's more like 'a science experiment' than a real car capable of driving itself shows that in autonomous cars, like everything else, uber is following the "fake it until you make it" path of today's silicon valley startups. and for the few in the audience who haven't read gibson, the "ugliest t-shirt" makes the wearer invisible to surveillance cameras. makes pedestrians even more of a problem for self-driving cars, no? 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 another good post on the -max crashes is how the boeing max disaster looks to a software developer by gregory travis: "so boeing produced a dynamically unstable airframe, the max. that is big strike no. . boeing then tried to mask the ’s dynamic instability with a software system. big strike no. . finally, the software relied on systems known for their propensity to fail (angle-of-attack indicators) and did not appear to include even rudimentary provisions to cross-check the outputs of the angle-of-attack sensor against other sensors, or even the other angle-of-attack sensor. big strike no. . 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 christine negroni's what people don’t get about why planes crash stresses the handoff problem: "in the crash of an asiana airlines boeing landing in san francisco in , investigators determined that a contributing factor was the pilots’ over-reliance on automated systems which led to an erosion in their flying skills. the investigation of the fatal flight of an air france airbus a from rio de janeiro to paris in led to the conclusion that the complexity of the fly-by-wire airplane befuddled the pilots. the max probes suggest another variation on the conundrum: technology intended to protect against pilot error trapped the pilots. helpless in the cockpit, they were unable to do as captain sully did and save the day." 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 southwest and faa officials never knew boeing turned off a safety feature on its max jets, and dismissed ideas about grounding them by hillary hoffower is based on reporting by andy pastzor of the wsj: "southwest airlines and the federal aviation administration (faa) officials who monitor the carrier were unaware that a standard safety feature, designed to warn pilots about malfunctioning sensors, on boeing max jets was turned off when southwest began flying the model in ... in earlier models, the safety feature alerted pilots when a sensor called the "angle-of-attack vane" incorrectly conveyed the pitch of the plane's nose, according to pastzor. in the max, it functions as such while also signaling when the maneuvering characteristics augmentation system (mcas) — a new automated system linked to both october's lion air crash and march's ethiopian airlines crash — could misfire; but these alerts were only enabled if carriers purchased additional safety features" and: "like other airlines flying the max, southwest didn't learn about the change until the aftermath of the lion air crash, ... the carrier then asked boeing to reactivate the alerts on its max fleet, causing faa inspectors to contemplate grounding the max fleet until it was determined whether or not pilots needed additional training — but the idea was quickly dropped. once the feature was reactivated, some faa officials again considered grounding southwest's max fleet to determine whether pilots needed new training — and again, the discussions, which happened via email, were dismissed after a few days" it is clear that the faa's priority was boeing's competitive position against airbus, not safety. additional training would have cost boeing $ m a plane to southwest, and would have cost southwest probably more than that in increased costs covering the grounded planes and unavailable pilots. 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 as usual, paul vixie was way ahead of the curve. he wrote disciplining the unoccupied mind in july : "simply put, if you give a human brain the option to perform other tasks than the one at hand, it will do so. no law, no amount of training, and no insistence by the manufacturer of an automobile will alter this fact. it's human nature, immalleable. so until and unless tesla can robustly and credibly promise an autopilot that will imagine every threat a human could imagine, and can use the same level of caution as the best human driver would use, then the world will be better off without this feature." i wrote techno-hype part moths later, and this post months later, both with esentially the same message. 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 uber, lyft, waymo and many others believe that the key market for semi-autonomous (level ) cars is robo-taxis. via jamie powell's the questionable economics of autonomous taxi fleets, "a new paper out monday, written by researchers at the massachusetts institute of technology and exclusively shared with ft alphaville, agrees. it suggests that, at current prices, an automated hive of driverless taxis will actually be more expensive for a consumer to use than the old-world way of owning four wheels. drawing on a wealth of publicly available data, ashley nunes and his colleague kristen hernandez suggest that the price for taking an autonomous taxi will be between $ . to $ . on a per-mile basis, versus the $ . cost of owning a car. using san francisco’s taxi market as its test area, the academics examined a vast array of costs such as licensing, maintenance, fuel and insurance for their calculations." note the "san francisco". waymo can't actually make robo-taxis work in phoenix. the big markets for taxis are old, dense cities such as san francisco and new york. nightmares even for human drivers (try driving through chinatown in sf, or across manhattan in rush hour). 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 boeing built deadly assumptions into max, blind to a late design change is the new york times longread on the process that led to the max disasters. it is a story of a siloed organization, with people making safety-critical decisions based on partial or incorrect information about the system in question. it should make everyone think twice before flying on any boeing plane: "but many people involved in building, testing and approving the system, known as mcas, said they hadn’t fully understood the changes. current and former employees at boeing and the federal aviation administration who spoke with the new york times said they had assumed the system relied on more sensors and would rarely, if ever, activate. based on those misguided assumptions, many made critical decisions, affecting design, certification and training." 	 june , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 clive irving's how boeing’s bean-counters courted the max disaster is another good article on how the crisis arose: "the origins of the are particularly significant now, with boeing engulfed in a world crisis of confidence with two crashes of the newest model, the max- , killing people. specifically, the origins of the design highlight the consequences to boeing of believing that it could keep upgrading a -year-old design indefinitely." 	 june , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 april glaser interviewed self-driving car pioneer chris urmson for how close are we to self-driving cars, really?. he didn't disagree with her question: "i’ve read that you think self-driving cars are about five to years away from a small-scale rollout, but to years away from ubiquity, or a very large rollout." 	 june , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 boeing's disregard of safety in manufacturing and slow-rolling of faa oversight goes backmany years before the max disasters, according to a long story by michael laris entitled long before the max disasters, boeing had a history of failing to fix safety problems: "repeatedly, safety lapses were identified, and boeing would agree to fix them, then fail to do so, the faa said." 	 june , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in boeing falsified records for jet sold to air canada. it developed a fuel leak katie nicholson reports that: "boeing staff falsified records for a jet built for air canada which developed a fuel leak ten months into service in . in a statement to cbc news, boeing said it self-disclosed the problem to the u.s. federal aviation administration after air canada notified them of the fuel leak. the records stated that manufacturing work had been completed when it had not." 	 june , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 matt stoller's the coming boeing bailout? is a good overview of the way anti-trust failure corrupted boeing: "the net effect of the merger, and the follow-on managerial and financial choices, is that america significantly damaged its aerospace industry. where there were two competitors - mcdonnell douglas and boeing, now there is one. and that domestic monopoly can no longer develop good civilian aerospace products. hundreds of people are dead, and tens of billions of dollars wasted." 	 july , at : am 	 david. said... 	 jeffrey rothfeder's for years, automakers wildly overpromised on self-driving cars and electric vehicles—what now? shows that realism about self-driving cars without trained self-driving car drivers is breaking out, now the uber ipo is over: "starting around may , uber projected in public and private presentations that it would manufacture , autonomous vehicles by , only to change that forecast four months later to over , units. the company also said that human safety drivers, who take over the wheel when an av needs help, would not be required on its cars by . and in , the company declared, tens of thousands of fully self-driving uber taxis would be in of the largest cities. ... the uber employee responsible for the forecasts said that while she was designing them, executives had asked her “to think about a way” to show accelerated uber av development." but now: "ceo dara khosrowshahi said at an economic club meeting in washington, dc, that it will take more than years for all uber cars to be driverless," and: "waymo’s ceo john krafcik told a tech conference that it will be decades before autonomous cars are widespread on the roads, and they may always need human assistance to drive in multifaceted environments, such as bad weather or areas crowded with construction or emergency equipment." told you so! 	 july , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the details in newly stringent faa tests spur a fundamental software redesign of boeing’s max flight controls seem somewhat confused, but apparently the fact that mcas, unlike earlier flight control systems, can override the pilots in ways from which they may be unable to recover means that the fundamental architecture of the 's flight control software is no longer adequate. the faa is requiring that the software be re-architected to be more resilient to failures. if so, the predicitions of an early return to service are highly optimistic. 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 gareth corfield at the register has more details on the max software re-architecture: "astonishingly, until the max crashes, the aircraft was flying with no redundancy at all for the flight control computers. if the active one failed or suffered inversion of critical bits in memory, there was no standby unit ready to cut in and continue. the seattle times reported that this has now been redesigned so the two onboard computers run in an active:standby configuration. previously the units merely swapped over in between flights. in addition, the computers will receive input from both angle-of-attack sensors rather than just the one. a faulty aoa sensor is thought to have been a contributory factor to the max crashes, which together cost more than lives." 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 andy greenberg's a boeing code leak exposes security flaws deep in a 's guts reports that: "santamarta claims that leaked code has led him to something unprecedented: security flaws in one of the dreamliner's components, deep in the plane's multi-tiered network. he suggests that for a hacker, exploiting those bugs could represent one step in a multi­stage attack that starts in the plane’s in-flight entertainment system and extends to highly protected, safety-critical systems like flight controls and sensors." this isn't an immediate threat to safety-critical systems which boeing claims are firewalled: "but even granting boeing's claims about its security barriers, the flaws santamarta found are egregious enough that they shouldn't be dismissed, says stefan savage, a computer science professor at the university of california at san diego, who is currently working with other academic researchers on an avionics cybersecurity testing platform. "the claim that one shouldn't worry about a vulnerability because other protections prevent it from being exploited has a very bad history in computer security," savage says. "typically, where there's smoke there's fire." savage points in particular to a vulnerability santamarta highlighted in a version of the embedded operating system vxworks, in this case customized for boeing by honeywell." maybe boeing needs to pay software developers more than $ /hr. 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 via atrios, el gato malo has a good explanation of why, even if level self-driving were possible, tesla's "full self-driving" is never going to be it. 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 joining the pile on tesla's robo-taxi bs, keubiko's tesla's robotaxi red herring estimates the cost in crashes and deaths they're projecting: "even if autonomous cars are as good has human drivers by , is it reasonable or feasible to think that the news flow, consumer acceptance, politicians, and regulators will accept anywhere near these numbers? if a single uber test vehicle death can send the industry into a tizzy, what would thousands of crashes per day and a death every minutes or so look like? this even ignores the stats on the miles that would be owner-driven (in autonomous mode) and not “robotaxi”. as an analogue, look at what boeing is dealing with on its max. air travel is still statistically very safe, and the max had well over , flights before the two crashes within months grounded (justifiably so) the fleet. does anyone honestly believe that a newly emerging industry can withstand the news flow anywhere close to these numbers?" 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 how does an autonomous car work? not so great by youjin shin, chris alcantara and aaron steckelberg at the wapo is a great interactive explanation of many of the limitations of self-driving car technology other than the hand-off problem. go check it out. 	 september , at : am 	 david. said... 	 jennifer elias' alphabet exec blames media for overhyping self-driving cars, even though google drove the hype illustrates the slow dawning of the realization that level is nowhere close: "[waymo] has dialed back its enthusiastic tone as it falls behind its original timeline for getting full self-driving cars on the road. the company said in that it wouldn't need to wait until ⁠— when analysts expected self-driving cars to go fully autonomous ⁠— but that it would give riders the ability within "months." morgan stanley cut its valuation on waymo by % last month from $ billion to $ billion, concluding that the industry is moving toward commercialization slower than expected and that waymo still relies on human safety drivers, which cnbc reported in august." elias provides a timeline of google's optimistic predictions of "full self-driving". 	 october , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in hailing a driverless ride in a waymo, ed niedermeyer reports on his first ride in a fully driverless waymo car, as part of their testing in a small part of phoenix, az: "there were moments where the self-driving system’s driving impressed, like the way it caught an unprotected left turn just as the traffic signal turned yellow or how its acceleration matched surrounding traffic. the vehicle seemed to even have mastered the more human-like driving skill of crawling forward at a stop sign to signal its intent. only a few typical quirks, like moments of overly cautious traffic spacing and overactive path planning, betrayed the fact that a computer was in control. a more typical rider, specifically one who doesn’t regularly practice their version of the driving turing test, might not have even noticed them." but he points out that: "in , waymo ceo john krafcik declared on stage at the lisbon web summit that “fully self-driving cars are here.” krafcik’s show of confidence and accompanying blog post implied that the “race to autonomy” was almost over. but it wasn’t. nearly two years after krafcik’s comments, vehicles driven by humans — not computers — still clog the roads in phoenix. the majority of waymo’s fleet of self-driving chrysler pacifica minivans in arizona have human safety drivers behind the wheel; and the few driverless ones have been limited to testing only." 	 november , at : am 	 david. said... 	 remember the uber self-driving car that killed a woman crossing the street? the ai had no clue about jaywalkers by katyanna quach describes the ntsb report on the killing of a pedestrian by an uber self-driving car in march : "an investigation by the ntsb into the crash has pinpointed a likely major contributing factor: the code couldn't recognize her as a pedestrian, because she was not at an obvious designated crossing. rather than correctly anticipating her movements as a person moving across the road, it ended up running right into her. “the system design did not include a consideration for jaywalking pedestrians,” the watchdog stated [pdf] in its write-up.” the penalty for jaywalking is death. 	 november , at : am 	 david. said... 	 timothy b. lee's how terrible software design decisions led to uber’s deadly crash has more detail on just how bad uber's software was. 	 november , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in another company is dialing back expectations for self-driving taxis timothy b lee reports more realism dawning on the self-driving hype: "daimler is planning to "rightsize" its spending on self-driving taxis, chairman ola källenius said on thursday. getting self-driving cars to operate safely in complex urban environments has proved more challenging than people expected a few years ago, he admitted. "there has been a reality check setting in here," källenius said, according to reuters. he is just the latest executive to acknowledge that work on self-driving taxi technology is not progressing as fast as optimists expected two or three years ago. earlier this year, ford ceo jim hackett sought to dampen expectations for ford's own self-driving vehicles. industry leaders waymo and gm's cruise missed self-imposed deadlines to launch driverless commercial taxi services in and , respectively. 	 november , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in it's tough to make predictions, especially about the future, atrios links to a survey of car companies' timelines for their self-driving cars. it is an amazing display of irrational optimism. 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in spooky video shows self-driving cars being tricked by holograms thor benson reports: "researchers from ben-gurion university of the negev's (bgu) cyber security research center in israel found that both semi-autonomous and fully autonomous cars stopped when they detected what they thought were humans in the street but were actually projections. they also projected a street sign onto a tree and fake lane markers onto the street to trick the cars. the research was published by the international association for cryptologic research." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 john markoff reports in ben shneiderman's anti-autonomy campaign in a case for cooperation between machines and humans: "late last year, dr. shneiderman embarked on a crusade to convince the artificial intelligence world that it is heading in the wrong direction. in february, he confronted organizers of an industry conference on “assured autonomy” in phoenix, telling them that even the title of their conference was wrong. instead of trying to create autonomous robots, he said, designers should focus on a new mantra, designing computerized machines that are “reliable, safe and trustworthy.” there should be the equivalent of a flight data recorder for every robot, dr. shneiderman argued." 	 may , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in amazon/zoox: consolidation crunch, jamie powell reports on how reality is breaking in to the self-driving car hype: "apart from demonstrating, yet again, that a commercial deployment self-driving technology is still a dream in the eyes of a few starry-eyed technologists, the mooted acquisition also speaks to other emerging themes in the space. ... the first is that capital is king. zoox had not only planned to build the brains of a self-driving car, but manufacture its own autonomous vehicle. the cash required for such a feat runs into the billions. ... which ties into our second point – the self-driving car world will have to begin to consolidate. one, because there are arguably only two companies – google and amazon – that can support the sort of research and development intensity required without constantly returning to the capital markets. and second because a future where all cars operate on the same plain technologically, and can interact with the required state infrastructure, will require a level of standardisation within the industry which will naturally lend towards there being two active players at best. it is far more likely in years the self-driving car technology suite – from software to sensors – resembles boeing and airbus’ stranglehold over the airliner space than the dispersed competitive landscape that currently exists." 	 may , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 tom krisher reports in study: autonomous vehicles won't make roads completely safe that: "a new study says that while autonomous vehicle technology has great promise to reduce crashes, it may not be able to prevent all mishaps caused by human error. auto safety experts say humans cause about % of u.s. crashes, but the insurance institute for highway safety study says computer-controlled robocars will only stop about one-third of them." 	 june , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the technology quarterly section of the economist's current edition is a skeptical look at ai. one article is entitled driverless cars show the limits of today’s ai: "the problem, says rodney brooks, an australian roboticist who has long been sceptical of grand self-driving promises, is deep-learning approaches are fundamentally statistical, linking inputs to outputs in ways specified by their training data. that leaves them unable to cope with what engineers call “edge cases”—unusual circumstances that are not common in those training data. driving is full of such oddities. some are dramatic: an escaped horse in the road, say, or a light aircraft making an emergency landing on a highway (as happened in canada in april). most are trivial, such as a man running out in a chicken suit. human drivers usually deal with them without thinking. but machines struggle." 	 june , at : am 	 david. said... 	 self-driving industry takes to the highway after robotaxi failure by patrick mcgee describes the current "pivot" by self-driving car companies: "eleven years on, however, the industry still has little idea what to do with the technology, despite some big advances over the past decade. as the much-hyped, seven-year quest to develop a driverless uber service has suffered several setbacks, the appetite is now switching beyond robotaxis in search of more profitable avenues. the sector is experiencing “autonomous disillusionment”, says prescott watson, principal at maniv mobility, an early-stage venture capital firm. now, “the pitch is, ‘robotaxis are a pipe dream’, but let’s take this technology to do something more lucrative,” he adds. investors are still interested in autonomy but the focus has shifted towards practical services such as grocery delivery, automated warehouse robots, and autonomous functions restricted to highways. ... that does not mean robotaxis are dead per se, but the idea is now on life-support. aside from fringe efforts, the robotaxi dream is now confined to those with the major financial firepower of a tech company or car giant that can spend many more years on the effort." 	 july , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 cars with "advanced driver assistance systems" aren't autonomous, but as timothy b. lee writes about tests conducted by aaa in new cars can stay in their lane—but might not stop for parked cars, they have run into the "hand-off problem": "the advanced driver-assistance systems (adas) on the latest cars still struggle to avoid collisions with parked vehicles. they tested cars from bmw, kia, and subaru; none consistently avoided running into a fake car partially blocking the travel lane. "all test drivers reached a general consensus that combining adaptive cruise and lane-keeping functionalities in a single system did not consistently enhance the driving experience," the report said. the vehicles made mistakes often enough that drivers often found the experience nerve-wracking rather than relaxing. greg brannon, a co-author of the aaa report, argues that a fundamental challenge with this kind of system is the need to maintain alertness. human beings are terrible at paying continued attention behind the wheel of a car that mostly drives itself. so when (not if) these vehicles make a mistake, there's a heightened risk that the driver won't be paying close enough attention to recover safely. ... "test drivers were sometimes taken by surprise and were required to retake full control in the middle of critical situations with little to no advance notice," the aaa report says." 	 august , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 nicholas vega adds to the financial trainwreck that is uber with uber’s self-driving car unit has made little progress despite $ . b price tag: "uber’s efforts to build a self-driving car have cost the company nearly $ . billion and still it’s nowhere close to putting a driverless car on the road, according to a new report. the ride-hail giant’s advance technologies group has been beset by infighting and setbacks, the information reports, leading to fears that rivals like alphabet-owned waymo and apple’s self-driving tech may soon leave it in the dust. despite the team first beginning its research in , uber’s self-driving car “doesn’t drive well” and “struggles with simple routines and simple maneuvers,” a manager in the unit told ceo dara khosrowshahi, the report said." 	 september , at : am 	 david. said... 	 brad templeton's tesla’s ‘full self-driving’ is . % there, just , times further to go sums it up: "there are also several necessary disengagements — where the human driver has to grab the wheel and take control to avoid a very likely accident — in these videos. while no statistics are available about how frequently those are needed, it appears to be reasonably frequent. this is the norm with systems that require constant manual supervision, and is why they need that supervision. all the full robocar projects have also required one (or really two) “safety drivers” behind the wheel who also have needed to do such interventions, frequently at first, and less and less frequently as time goes on. only recently have waymo and now nuro deployed vehicles with no supervising driver on-board. (cruise recently got the permit to do this but has not yet done it, though they claim they might by the end of this year. ama/zoox also has such a permit.) based on the videos and claims by tesla of it commonly taking elon musk on his commute with few interventions and sometimes none, i threw out the number . % in the headline. this is not a precisely calculated number, but a proxy for “seems to work most of the time.” in reality, we would want to calculate how often it is needing interventions." 	 october , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in insurance companies flag “driver disengagement” as factor in robot car safety lambert strether discusses a report from the insurance institute for highway safety entitled disengagement from driving when using automation during a -week field trial: "the current study assessed how driver disengagement, defined as visual-manual interaction with electronics or removal of hands from the wheel, differed as drivers became more accustomed to partial automation over a -week trial. ... the longer drivers used partial automation, the more likely they were to become disengaged by taking their hands off the wheel, using a cellphone, or interacting with in-vehicle electronics. results associated with use of the two acc systems diverged, with drivers in the s exhibiting less disengagement with use of acc compared with manual driving, and those in the evoque exhibiting more." 	 november , at : am post a comment newer post older post home subscribe to: post comments (atom) blog rules posts and comments are copyright of their respective authors who, by posting or commenting, license their work under a creative commons attribution-share alike . united states license. off-topic or unsuitable comments will be deleted. dshr dshr in anwr recent comments full comments blog archive 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ▼  april ( ) 	short talk at asilomar microcomputer workshop 	personal pods and fatcat 	the demise of the digital preservation network 	what is amazon? 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even if i don’t actually know what i’m doing? turns out: yes. and it’s even better than i’d imagined. , graduate theses, arranged by their conceptual similarity. let me take you on a tour! region is biochemistry. the red dots are biology; the orange ones, chemistry. theses here include positional cloning and characterization of the mouse pudgy locus and biosynthetic engineering for the assembly of better drugs. if you look closely, you will see a handful of dots in different colors, like a buttery yellow. this color is electrical engineering & computer science, and its dots in this region include computational regulatory genomics : motifs, networks, and dynamics — that is to say, a computational biology thesis that happens to have been housed in computation rather than biology. the green south of region is physics. but you will note a bit of orange here. yes, that’s chemistry again; for example, dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules. if (like me), you almost majored in chemistry and realized only your senior year that the only chemistry classes that interested you were the ones that were secretly physics…this is your happy place. in fact, most of the theses here concern nuclear magnetic resonance applications. region has a striking vertical green stripe which turns out to be the nuclear engineering department. but you’ll see some orange streaks curling around it like fingers, almost suggesting three-dimensional depth. i point this out as a reminder that the original neural net embeds these , documents in a -dimensional space; i have projected that down to dimensions because i don’t know about you but i find dimensions somewhat challenging to visualize. however — just as objects may overlap in a -dimensional photo even when they are quite distant in -dimensional space — dots that are close together in this projection may be quite far apart in reality. trust the overall structure more than each individual element. the map is not the territory. that little yellow thumb by region is mathematics, now a tiny appendage off of the giant discipline it spawned — our old friend buttery yellow, aka electrical engineering & computer science. if you zoom in enough you find eecs absolutely everywhere, applied to all manner of disciplines (as above with biology), but the bulk of it — including the quintessential parts, like compilers — is right here. dramatically red region , clustered together tightly and at the far end, is architecture. this is a renowned department (it graduated i.m. pei!), but definitely a different sort of creature than most of mit, so it makes sense that it’s at one extreme of the map. that said, the other two programs in its school — urban studies & planning and media arts & sciences — are just to its north. region — tiny, yellow, and pale; you may have missed it at first glance — is linguistics island, housing theses such as topics in the stress and syntax of words. you see how there are also a handful of red dots on this island? they are brain & cognitive science theses — and in particular, ones that are secretly linguistics, like intonational phrasing in language production and comprehension. similarly — although at mit it is not the department of linguistics, but the department of linguistics & philosophy — the philosophy papers are elsewhere. (a few of the very most abstract ones are hanging out near math.) and what about region , the stingray swimming vigorously away from everything else? i spent a long time looking at this and not seeing a pattern. you can tell there’s a lot of colors (departments) there, randomly assorted; even looking at individual titles i couldn’t see anything. only when i looked at the original documents did i realize that this is the island of terrible ocr. almost everything here is an older thesis, with low-quality printing or even typewriting, often in a regrettable font, maybe with the reverse side of the page showing through. (a randomly chosen example; pdf download.) a good reminder of the importance of high-quality digitization labor. a heartbreaking example of the things we throw away when we make paper the archival format for born-digital items. and also a technical inspiration — look how much vector space we’ve had to carve out to make room for these! the poor neural net, trying desperately to find signal in the noise, needing all this space to do it. i’m tempted to throw out the entire leftmost quarter of this graph, rerun the d projection, and see what i get — would we be better able to see the structures in the high-quality data if they had room to breathe? and were i to rerun the entire neural net training process again, i’d want to include some sort of threshhold score for ocr quality. it would be a shame to throw things away — especially since they will be a nonrandom sample, mostly older theses — but i have already had to throw away things i could not ocr at all in an earlier pass, and, again, i suspect the neural net would do a better job organizing the high-quality documents if it could use the whole vector space to spread them out, rather than needing some of it to encode the information “this is terrible ocr and must be kept away from its fellows”. clearly i need to share the technical details of how i did this, but this post is already too long, so maybe next week. tl;dr i reached out to matt miller after reading his cool post on vectorizing the dpla and he tipped me off to umap and here we are — thanks, matt! and just as clearly you want to play with this too, right? well, it’s super not ready to be integrated into hamlet due to any number of usability issues but if you promise to forgive me those — have fun. you see how when you hover over a dot you get a label with the format . -x.txt? it corresponds to a url of the format https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/x. go play :). 			 			 			share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 like this: like loading... 	 	 			tagged 	dataviz 	fridai 	hamlet 	umap 	 	 			 				 					 		 		 			published by andromeda 		 		 			romantic analytical technologist librarian.			 				view all posts by andromeda			 		 	 		 			published 			december , december , 		 	 			 	 		post navigation 		previous post of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 	 			 	 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply 	enter your comment here... 	 	 		fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: 			 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 					email (required) (address never made public) 					 				 				 					name (required) 					 				 				 					website 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 				 				 						 			 			you are commenting using your wordpress.com account.			 				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lead pipe an open access, peer reviewed journal 	culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc by craig e. arthur, dr. freddy paige, la’ portia perkins, jasmine weiss, and dr. michael williams (good homie signs’ “hip hop @ vt” mural / ) in brief vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech is an award-winning series of experiential learning-focused, culturally responsive community engagement programs. it is deeply rooted in hip hop culture and... read more 	creating a student-centered alternative to research guides: developing the infrastructure to support novice learners in brief: research and course guides typically feature long lists of resources without the contextual or instructional framework to direct novice researchers through the research process. an investigation of guide usage and user interactions at a large university in the southwestern u.s. revealed a need to reexamine the way research guides can be developed and... read more 	power and status (and lack thereof) in academe: academic freedom and academic librarians in brief academic librarians do not experience full academic freedom protections, despite the fact that they are expected to exercise independent judgment, be civically engaged, and practice applied scholarship. academic freedom for academic librarians is not widely studied or well understood. to learn more, we conducted a survey which received over responses from academic... read more 	the library commons: an imagination and an invocation by jennie rose halperin in brief commons theory can provide important interventions within neoliberal managerial information capitalism when applied to the library as an institution. the commons and its associated practices provide a model of abundance, sharing, and cooperation. libraries can and should participate in alternative economic and management models to create an inclusive vision... read more 	“information has value”: the political economy of information capitalism in brief information capitalism dominates the production and flow of information across the globe. it produces massive information institutions that are as harmful to everyday people as they are powerful. to this point, information literacy (il) educators do not have a theory and pedagogy of information capitalism. this article appraises the current state of political... read more 	training matters: student employment and learning in academic libraries in brief conceiving of student employment in academic libraries as an educationally purposeful experience requires adopting a learner-centered pedagogical approach to student employee job training. adopting such an approach is triply beneficial: it makes that job training more effective; it identifies training as an opportunity to pursue learning goals that support the growth of students... read more 	creating a library wide culture and environment to support mlis students of color: the diversity scholars program at oregon state university libraries in brief the work of social justice, equity, and inclusion is not a short-term investment by a limited number of people; instead, it should be a part of every library’s and librarian’s work. at the oregon state university libraries (osul), we felt that in order to create a program dedicated to employing mlis students of... read more 	it’s not imposter syndrome: resisting self-doubt as normal for library workers in brief library workers, as with other professions, are quick to diagnose ourselves and others with imposter syndrome when we doubt or devalue our everyday work.&# ; however, methods of coping with imposter syndrome have changed little in the forty years since the term was first theorized, and often centre on feel-good fixes which do not... read more 	multilingualism, neoliberalism, and language ideologies in libraries in briefthis article calls for a more holistic and inclusive approach to the under-examined issue of language in libraries. it begins by foregrounding language as a category of difference and arguing for its consideration in discussions of access, equity, diversity, and inclusion. by drawing on literature from applied linguistics and library and information studies, it... read more 	communicating with information: creating inclusive learning environments for students with asd in brief the focus of this article is twofold: it ) considers how digital humanities techniques and methodologies increase accessibility and scholarship opportunities for students with autism spectrum disorder; and ) outlines how libraries can collaborate with existing services to provide subsequently appropriate supports for students. autism spectrum disorder (asd), one of the increasingly prevalent... read more we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. michael williams – in the library with the lead pipe 		 		 				 			 				 					 						skip to main content 						 					 				 				 					 						chat .webcam					 				 				 			 		 		 		 		 			 				 				 					 											 					open menu	home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 				 				 					home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 	 		 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 			 			 				by 								michael williams 							 	 		 		 			 articles by michael williams 	 			culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc – – 		 	 		 			 			 			 		 		 	 		 	 		 	 		 				 			 				 										 this work is licensed under a cc attribution . license. issn - 				 										about this journal | archives | submissions | conduct 				 			 		 				 	 	 today, micro magic, inc. announced the world’s highest performance/ power -bit risc-v core at , coremarks/watt. “after achieving the world’s fastest risc-v at ghz and , coremarks”, said mark santoro, ph.d. co-founder of micro magic, inc., “we achieved another milestone by producing over , coremarks at ghz while consuming less that mw.” utilizing its world-class eda tools, micro magic was able to demonstrate silicon, as pictured below, closely matching its simulations with a small team in record time. how does , coremarks/watt compare with existing parts? a quick survey of existing processors in the ghz to ghz range shows that the micro magic risc-v cpu is more than x better than any cisc/risc/mips implementation. “for applications like cell phones, it makes a big difference whether one can use their phone for a whole day, or several, on a single charge” says lee tavrow, ph.d. co-founder of micro magic, “typically low power devices are also much lower performance, but with our ip, we allow our customer to have both the world’s fastest speed at ghz and lowest power at mw and ghz in the same device.” micro magic, inc. is a silicon valley based eda company that provides tools for high speed digital design, ip, and design services. for more information, please contact dr. andy huang at andy@micromagic.com micro magic, inc. delivers world’s highest performance/power risc-v core december , press release :: for immediate release picture caption: micro magic, inc. risc-v chip running at . ghz consuming mw with a coremark score of , . © micro magic, inc. all rights reserved. culturally responsive-sustaining education framework culturally responsive-sustaining education framework culturally resp onsive-sustaining education the cr-s framework helps educators create student-centered learning environments that: affirm racial, linguistic and cultural identities; prepare students for rigor and independent learning, develop students’ abilities to connect across lines of difference; elevate historically marginalized voices; and empower students as agents of social change. culturally resp onsive-sustaining education nysed would like to acknowledge members of the culturally responsive- sustaining education expert committee who conceived of nysed’s definition of cr-s and provided the theoretical framework for this policy guide. nysed would also like to acknowledge members of the board of regents- nominated advisory panel for their guidance and continued partnership on this initiative. the culturally responsive-sustaining framework is the collective insight of the various stakeholders we engaged with while creating this document from the ground up. we are grateful to the multitude of teachers, students, parents, administrators, community advocates, and higher education faculty who participated. we would like to thank the students of el puente academy for peace and justice (jorman esparza, yomeiry bautista, genesys salcedo, rosalind reyes) for their guidance in drafting the guidelines for students. nysed expert committee: alfredo artiles, jeff duncan-andrade, david kirkland, gloria ladson-billings, joyce moy, django paris, carla shedd-guild, amy stuart-wells, mariana souto-manning, zoila morrell. nysed advisory panel: zakiyah ansari, tracey atkins, jim bostic, barry derfel, arnold dodge, winsome gregory, gilleyan hargrove, stanley harper, eva hassett, ruth holland scott, andrea honigsfeld, sonya horsford, brian jones, marina marcou-o’malley, regent nan mead, fatima morrell, roberto padilla, joe rogers, yolanda sealey-ruiz, andrea toussaint, carmela thompson, regent lester young, jr. this work was made possible due to generous partnerships between: new york state education department and the new york community trust new york state education department and leadership for educational equity culturally responsive-sustaining framework project management team: makila s. meyers, ed.d, regents research fellow (rrf) for culturally responsive- sustaining education julia c. lamberti, leadership for educational equity (lee) policy fellow juliette lyons-thomas, ph.d, new york state education department regents of the univer sity betty a. rosa, chancellor, b.a., m.s. in ed., m.s. in ed., m.ed., ed.d. ....... bronx t. andrew brown, vice chancellor, b.a., j.d. ..................................................... rochester roger tilles, b.a., j.d. ................................................................................................ manhasset lester w. young, jr., b.s., m.s., ed.d. ................................................................... beechhurst christine d. cea, b.a., m.a., ph.d. . ....................................................................... staten island wade s. norwood, b.a. ............................................................................................. rochester kathleen m. cashin, b.s., m.s., ed.d. .................................................................. brooklyn james e. cottrell, b.s., m.d. ..................................................................................... new york josephine victoria finn, b.a., j.d. .......................................................................... monticello judith chin, m.s. in ed. ............................................................................................. little neck beverly l. ouderkirk, b.s. in ed., m.s. in ed. ..................................................... morristown catherine collins, r.n., n.p., b.s., m.s. in ed., ed.d. ...................................... buffalo judith johnson, b.a., m.a., c.a.s. ......................................................................... new hempstead nan eileen mead, b.a. ............................................................................................... manhattan elizabeth s. hakanson, a.s., m.s., c.a.s. .......................................................... syracuse luis o. reyes, b.a., m.a., ph.d. .............................................................................. new york susan w. mittler, b.s., m.s. ..................................................................................... ithaca acknowledgments the university of the state of new york commissioner of education and president of the univer sity maryellen elia executive deputy commissioner elizabeth r. berlin senior deputy commissioner for education p olicy jhone ebert deputy commissioner for p instructional supp ort angelica infante-green deputy commissioner for higher education john d’agati the state education department does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, religion, creed, disability, marital status, veteran status, national origin, race, gender, genetic predisposition or carrier status, or sexual orientation in its educational programs, services and activities. portions of this publication can be made available in a variety of formats, including braille, large print or audio tape, upon request. inquiries concerning this policy of nondiscrimination should be directed to the department’s office for diversity and access, room , education building, albany, ny . we would like to thank the following offices for their collaboration and feedback: office of bilingual education & world languages under the direction of lissette colon-collins office of special education under the direction of christopher suriano office of curriculum & instruction under the direction of marybeth casey office of accountability under the direction of ira schwartz office of higher education under the direction of john d’agati office of assessment under the direction of steven katz office of adult career & continuing education services under the direction of kevin smith d es ig n by a m y u ni ke w ic z/ je lly fe ve r l lc / p v is ua l b y: k irp au l b ab ar , n ew y or k st at e ed uc at io n d ep ar tm en t for new york state teachers for new york state school leaders culturally resp onsive-sustaining education for new york state students for new york state district leaders for new york state education department p olicymakers for new york state families and community members for new york state higher education faculty and administrators introduction references culturally resp onsive- sustaining mindsets vision glossary of terms culturally resp onsive- sustaining guidelines executive summary collaborative members contents culturally resp onsive-sustaining education introduction structural inequities is at play, deeply rooted in our country’s history, culture, and institutions. this system of inequity — which routinely confers advantage and disadvantage based on linguistic background, gender, skin color, and other characteristics — must be clearly understood, directly challenged, and fundamentally transformed. the new york state education department (nysed) has come to understand that the results we seek for all our children can never be fully achieved without incorporating an equity and inclusion lens in every facet of our work (see also new york state’s every student succeeds act (essa) plan). this understanding has created an urgency around promoting equitable opportunities that help all children thrive. new york state understands that the responsibility of education is not only to prevent the exclusion of historically silenced, erased, and disenfranchised groups, but also to assist in the promotion and perpetuation of cultures, languages and ways of knowing that have been devalued, suppressed, and imperiled by years of educational, social, political, economic neglect and other forms of oppression. in january , the new york state board of regents directed the office of p- education and higher education to convene a panel of experts, engage with stakeholders, and develop from the ground up a framework for culturally responsive-sustaining education. the new york university metropolitan center for research on equity and the transformation of schools, under the leadership of dr. david kirkland, drafted a robust guidance document that served as a springboard for this initiative. the new york state education department presented this guidance document to students, teachers, parents, school and district leaders, higher education faculty, community advocates, and policymakers. the guidelines in this document represent the collective insight of this work. the culturally responsive-sustaining (cr-s) framework is intended to help education stakeholders create student-centered learning environments that affirm cultural identities; foster positive academic outcomes; develop students’ abilities to connect across lines of difference; elevate historically marginalized voices; for more than a century, education providers throughout the united states have strived and struggled to meet the diverse needs of american children and families. a complex system of biases and culturally resp onsive-sustaining education introduction empower students as agents of social change; and contribute to individual student engagement, learning, growth, and achievement through the cultivation of critical thinking. the framework was designed to support education stakeholders in developing and implementing policies that educate all students effectively and equitably, as well as provide appropriate supports and services to promote positive student outcomes. historically, education debates have been polarized, with difference sometimes being viewed as an individual deficit. the cr-s framework marks our journey forward and begins the evolution toward leveraging difference as an asset. the framework is grounded in four principles*: • welcoming and affirming environment • high expectations and rigorous instruction • inclusive curriculum and assessment • ongoing professional learning each principle is illustrated by a set of features rooted in elements of quality education that illustrate how cr-s might look in practice across a range of domains, from the state education department to the classroom. the framework represents an opportunity for stakeholders to continue to work together and plan for the unique needs of their communities. the new york state education department recognizes much of this work is already happening across the state and looks forward to an even deeper understanding of culturally responsive- sustaining education in new york state schools, districts, and communities. this framework reflects the state’s commitment to improving learning results for all students by creating well- developed, culturally responsive-sustaining, equitable systems of support for achieving dramatic gains in student outcomes. * the principles that organize state education department’s cr-s framework were inspired by the high leverage strategies that emerged from buffalo public school’s work on culturally and linguistically responsive education. culturally resp onsive-sustaining education vision the new york state guidelines for culturally responsive- sustaining education are grounded in a vision of an education system that creates: students are prepared for rigor and independent learning. students understand themselves as contributing members of an academically- rigorous, intellectually-challenging school and classroom community. students demonstrate an ability to use critical reasoning, take academic risks, and leverage a growth mindset to learn from mistakes. students are self-motivated, setting and revising academic personal goals to drive their own learning and growth. students acknowledge the limitations of their own perspectives. they have empathy for others while they appreciate and respect others’ differences. they demonstrate cooperation and teamwork, using active listening and communication skills to resolve conflict. they use interpersonal skills to build and maintain strong relationships, including those along lines of difference, in their class and school communities. all layers of the environment in which students learn (classroom, school, family, and community) affirm and value the various aspects of students’ cultural identities (i.e. race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, religion, socioeconomic background). role models in the classroom, school, family, and community recognize student strengths and offer opportunities for students to grow and learn. students bring a critical lens to the world as they study historical and contemporary conditions of inequity and learn from historically marginalized voices. students learn about power and privilege in the context of various communities and are empowered as agents of positive social change. i. ii. students who have a critical lens through which they challenge inequitable systems of access, power, and privilege. iii. students who are sociopolitically conscious and socioculturally responsive students who experience academic success culturally resp onsive-sustaining education vision this vision is grounded in gloria ladson-billings’ early work on culturally relevant teaching, specifically the three criteria for culturally relevant pedagogy she puts forth in ladson-billings ( ). the new york state culturally responsive-sustaining framework includes guidelines for students, teachers, school leaders, district leaders, families and community members, higher education faculty, and education department policymakers. for guidelines to be effective, all stakeholders must work together, prioritize and implement systems and structures that facilitate the scale of culturally responsive-sustaining practices, and hold each other accountable to short- and long-term goals. when stakeholders work together to implement culturally respon- sive-sustaining practices, educators will grow in their ability to be: s o c i o p o l i t i c a l ly co n s c i o u s demonstrate excellence by being inclusive-minded and asset-focused identify and critically examine both historical and contemporary power structures reflect, honor, value, and center various identity perspectives as assets in policies and practices (sue, ) engage in critical conversations recognize that personal, cultural, and institutionalized discrimination creates and sustains privileges for some while creating and sustaining disadvantage for others s o c i o c u lt u r a l ly r e s p o n s i v e commit to understanding the role of culture in education as flexible, local, and global act as agents of social change to redress historical and contemporary oppression build alliances across difference to eradicate all forms of discrimination engage current and historical issues practice mutual respect for qualities and experiences that are different from one’s own executive summary culturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally responsive-sustaining (cr-s) education is grounded in a cultural view of learning and human development in which multiple expressions of diversity (e.g., race, social class, gender, language, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, ability) are recognized and regarded as assets for teaching and learning. new york state education department definition the new york state education department understands culture as the multiple components of one’s identity, including but not limited to: race, economic background, gender, language, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, and ability. culture far transcends practices such as cuisines, art, music, and celebrations to also include ways of thinking, values, and forms of expression. these ways and forms are in constant flux, renegotiation, and evolution. schools then become a meeting point for cultures, containing children and adults who bring with them multiple facets of their identity, along with unique experiences and perspectives. from this perspective, learning is rooted in the lives and experiences of people and cultivated through activities that people find meaningful. when teaching is not rooted in students’ lives, student learning suffers. perhaps worst, biases take hold and deficit perspectives become normalized throughout our schools and classrooms, structuring entire systems that blame students for failure. the school community is representative of many cultures, and therefore culture has consequences on how students experience schools. the framework is intentional about the relationship between culture and education, presenting a multi-tiered systems approach for cultural inclusion that broadens what ethnic groups, classes, sexualities, and abilities are privileged in the creation and maintenance of traditional education. research suggests that many students whose cultures are more closely aligned with the “cultural fabric” of schools experience praise and are viewed as more dedicated than those whose home cultures differ. educators committed to understanding both the concept of culture and many different cultures can refocus their lens for viewing students’ cultures not as “deficiencies to overcome” (paris & alim, , p. ), but as assets who possess vibrant realities and rich reservoirs of knowledge. by making all cultures matter, our students’ cultures can be positioned as strengths and as the foundation of empowering, rigorous, and innovative learning. what is culture? executive summary culturally resp onsive-sustaining education cr-s education explores the relationship between historical and contemporary conditions of inequality and ideas that shape access, participation, and outcomes for learners. the goal of the cr-s framework is to help educators design and implement a student-centered learning environment that: • affirms racial and cultural identities and fosters positive academic outcomes • develops students’ abilities to connect across cultures • empowers students as agents of social change • contributes to an individual’s engagement, learning, growth, and achievement through the cultivation of critical thinking. to make this a reality, the department, under the board of regents, has created a framework for cr-s practices. the framework is intended to be used by a variety of education stakeholders, including but not limited to students, teachers, school and district leaders, families and community members, higher education faculty and administrators, and education department policymakers. this definition was created by the nysed expert committee: alfredo artiles, jeff duncan-andrade, david kirkland, gloria ladson-billings, joyce moy, django paris, carla shedd-guild, amy stuart-wells, mariana souto-manning, zoila morrell. high expectations and rigorous instruction student-led civic engagement. critical examination of power structures. project-based learning on social justice issues. student leadership opportunities. s t u d e n t s teachers inclusive curriculum and assessment current events incorporated into instruction. students as co-designers of curriculum. resources written and developed by racially, culturally, and linguistically diverse perspectives. instructional strategies that adapt to diverse learning styles. welcoming and affirming environment collective responsibility to learn about student cultures and communities. close relationships with students & families. social-emotional learning programs. materials that represent and affirm student identities. ongoing professional learning and support diversity, equity, and inclusion training, examining implicit bias and interrogation of beliefs and assumptions. support in aligning curriculum and instruction to the histories, languages, and experiences of traditionally marginalized voices. school leaders district lea d ers ed uc at io n d ep ar tm en t p ol ic ym ak er s stud ents and fam ilies c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s the cr-s framework helps educators create student-centered learning environments that: affirm racial, linguistic and cultural identities; prepare students for rigor and independent learning; develop students’ abilities to connect across lines of difference; elevate historically marginalized voices; and empower students as agents of social change. hi gh er ed uc ati on f acu lty culturally resp onsive-sustaining education executive summary high expectations and rigorous instruction student-led civic engagement. critical examination of power structures. project-based learning on social justice issues. student leadership opportunities. s t u d e n t s teachers inclusive curriculum and assessment current events incorporated into instruction. students as co-designers of curriculum. resources written and developed by racially, culturally, and linguistically diverse perspectives. instructional strategies that adapt to diverse learning styles. welcoming and affirming environment collective responsibility to learn about student cultures and communities. close relationships with students & families. social-emotional learning programs. materials that represent and affirm student identities. ongoing professional learning and support diversity, equity, and inclusion training, examining implicit bias and interrogation of beliefs and assumptions. support in aligning curriculum and instruction to the histories, languages, and experiences of traditionally marginalized voices. school leaders district lea d ers ed uc at io n d ep ar tm en t p ol ic ym ak er s stud ents and fam ilies c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s the cr-s framework helps educators create student-centered learning environments that: affirm racial, linguistic and cultural identities; prepare students for rigor and independent learning; develop students’ abilities to connect across lines of difference; elevate historically marginalized voices; and empower students as agents of social change. hi gh er ed uc ati on f acu lty culturally resp onsive-sustaining education executive summary the cr-s framework is an initiative by the new york state education department (nysed) that establishes culturally responsive-sustaining guidelines for student, teachers, school and district leadership, families and community advocates, higher education, and the state education department. this initiative is both urgent and timely, as it responds to many of the public forum comments about every student succeeds act (essa), one of which is the necessity of including culturally responsive- sustaining education into all aspects of public education. the state education department worked closely with various academic experts, renowned in their respective fields, to draft a nysed definition of culturally responsive-sustaining education. new york university metropolitan center for research on equity and the transformation of schools (metro center) used these conversations to draft a robust guidance document from which this framework was created. the framework was then built from the ground up, drawing on feedback from stakeholders across the state who generously gave of their time and insight. after three rounds of feedback, this framework incorporates the collective insight of these stakeholders. this document is intended for use across stakeholder groups. a guiding principle of asset-based pedagogies is that a culturally responsive-sustaining approach to teaching and learning benefits a broad range of stakeholders. in the design of this framework, we thought about those who work in urban, suburban and rural communities. we considered the unique needs of each of these environments and encourage educators to take up this framework, recognizing the unique needs of their teaching contexts and the plethora of diversity that exists in all educational environments. nysed recognizes that for culturally responsive-sustaining education to thrive, the impetus cannot be placed solely on student, teachers, and school leaders; all stakeholders must work together to create the conditions under which this vision of education can flourish. nysed believes that we must incorporate an equity and inclusion lens in every facet of the state’s work to achieve student success outcomes for all students. thus, the framework aligns closely with other nysed policies, including the new york state board of regents and the nysed every student succeeds act (essa plan), specifically: • recognize the effect of school environment on student academic performance and support efforts to improve the climate of all schools. • promote a relationship of trust and respect between schools and families, recognizing that student achievement and school improvement are shared responsibilities. • provide educators with opportunities for continual professional learning in the areas of equity, anti-bias, multicultural, and culturally responsive-sustaining pedagogies. • support districts and their communities in engaging in critical conversations about culturally responsive- sustaining educational systems. what is the culturally responsive-sustaining framework? culturally responsive-sustaining (cr-s) education draws on decades of research in asset-based pedagogies that recognize that cultural difference (including racial, ethnic, linguistic, gender, sexuality and ability) should be treated as assets for teaching and learning. this approach to education counters dominant narratives about difference as deficits or as characteristics of students and families that should be remediated or assimilated. using this approach to education, all families are believed to have cultural capital, or knowledge, abilities, and networks, that can, and should, be leveraged in classrooms. while schooling has traditionally privileged the capital of families from dominant backgrounds, cr-s positions educators to acknowledge, value, and leverage the wealth of knowledge found in communities that have been marginalized. culturally responsive education is about teaching the students in front of you. to do this requires that one work to get to know their students and develop meaningful relationships with students while engaging in the students’ communities. however, culturally responsive education must also be sustaining, that is it must work to encourage cultural pluralism and not cultural assimilation. home and youth culture should be welcomed into the classroom as areas ripe for discussion. differences should not just be seen as strengths, but they should also be maintained because they are what make students and families unique. how educators understand culture has real consequences for our children as a limited understanding of culture has the power to disadvantage some while privileging others (kirkland, ). what is culturally responsive-sustaining education? culturally resp onsive-sustaining education executive summary the principles that organize the new york state education department’s cr-s framework are inspired by the high leverage strategies that emerged from buffalo public school’s work on culturally and linguistically responsive education. the principles of culturally responsive- sustaining education welcoming and affirming environment high expectations and rigorous instruction inclusive curriculum and assessment ongoing professional learning descrip tion a welcoming and affirming environment feels safe. it is a space where people can find themselves represented and reflected, and where they understand that all people are treated with respect and dignity. the environment ensures all cultural identities (i.e. race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation, disability, language, religion, socioeconomic background) are affirmed, valued, and used as vehicles for teaching and learning. resources school climate and culture index mental health education literacy schools: linking to a continuum of well-being english language learner/multilingual learner parent resources social emotional learning: essential for learning, essential for life guidelines and resources for social and emotional development and learning (sedl) in new york state nysed information and resources regarding restorative justice and trauma sensitivity training the new york state dignity for all students act (dasa) sy m b o l welcoming and affirming environment culturally resp onsive-sustaining education executive summary descrip tion inclusive curriculum and assessment elevate historically marginalized voices. it includes opportunities to learn about power and privilege in the context of various communities and empowers learners to be agents of positive social change.  it provides the opportunity to learn about perspectives beyond one’s own scope. it works toward dismantling systems of biases and inequities, and decentering dominant ideologies in education. resources teacher test development and participation opportunities civic readiness initiative the new york state k- social studies framework and toolkits sy m b o l inclusive curriculum and assessment descrip tion ongoing professional learning is rooted in the idea that teaching and learning is an adaptive process needing constant reexamination (moll, et al., ; gay, ). it allows learners to develop and sharpen a critically conscious lens toward instruction, curriculum, assessment, history, culture, and institutions. learners must be self-directed and take on opportunities that directly impact learning outcomes. resources diverse and learner-ready teachers initiative professional standards for educational leaders (psels) new york state teaching standards nyu metro tac-d - regional workshops sy m b o l ongoing professional learning descrip tion high expectations and rigorous instruction prepare the community for rigor and independent learning. the environment is academically rigorous and intellectually challenging, while also considering the different ways students learn. instruction includes opportunities to use critical reasoning, take academic risks, and leverage a growth mindset to learn from mistakes. messages encourage positive self-image and empower others to succeed. resources new york state board of regents every student succeeds act (essa plan) new york state next generation english language arts and mathematics learning standards new york state my brother’s keeper (initiative) new york state early learning standards blueprint for improved results for students with disabilities state systemic improvement plan multi-tiered systems of support model blueprint for english language learner/multilingual learner success social emotional learning benchmarks sy m b o l high expectations and rigorous instruction culturally resp onsive-sustaining mindsets all stakeholders (students, teachers, school leaders, district leaders, families and community members, higher education faculty and administrators, and education department policymakers) can adopt these culturally responsive-sustaining aligned mindsets as a lens through which to implement the cr-s guidelines outlined in this framework. culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • student and community assets should be sustained and leveraged for academic achievement. • consider students as co-designers of curriculum and drivers of instruction (jenkins & healey, ) • embed community input into curriculum to reflect diversity of the local and global community. • employ a critical pedagogy that empowers students to see themselves as agents of social change and architects of their own destinies (duncan- andrade & morrell, ). • employ a critical lens (racial, gender, sexual identity, linguistic, religious, ability, socioeconomic, or other salient cultural identities) when developing resources and intervention frameworks to de-center dominant ideologies and pedagogies that ignore or marginalize diverse students. • identify and one’s own implicit biases, reflecting on how they may shape one’s feelings, actions, academic expectations, or behavioral expectations of students based on particular aspects of their identities (race, gender, social class, nationality, language, sexual orientation, abiilty, etc.) • assess and reflect on one’s racial literacy skills, “the ability to read, discuss, and write about situations that involve race or racism” (sealey-ruiz, ), and seek opportunities to practice and develop racial literacy with peers and students. new york state education stakeholders can contribute to a culturally responsive-sustaining education for students by: believing that culture is not an addition but is a critical component of education.  believing that critical and continuous self-reflection is required to dismantle systems of biases and inequities rooted in our country’s history, culture, and institutions. believing that students and their families are individuals with their own assets, knowledge, and abilities who should be valued and consulted. culturally responsive- sustaining mindsets culturally resp onsive-sustaining guidelines culturally responsive- sustaining guidelines all stakeholders (students, teachers, school leaders, district leaders, families and community members, higher education faculty and administrators, and education department policymakers) can consider implementing the following cr-s guidelines as a means to achieve a more culturally responsive- sustaining education system. the following section is organized by stakeholder group. each stakeholder group is provided with guidelines that serve as recommendations according to the four principles of culturally responsive-sustaining education. we recognize that much of this work is already happening across the state. the following guidelines are intended to offer a bank of strategies, with other perspectives for your community to consider. this is in no way meant to be an exhaustive list. collaborate with stakeholders to prioritize and plan for the local needs of your community. e d u c a t io n d e p a r t m e n t p o l ic y m a k e r s h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s s t u d e n t s t e a c h e r s s c h o o l l e a d e r s d is t r ic t l e a d e r s fa m il ie s a n d c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s t u d e n t s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s t u d e n t snew york state students can contribute to a culturally responsive- sustaining educational environment by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s t u d e n t s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • maintain knowledge and awareness that everyone reacts to situations differently based on their own experiences, cultural backgrounds, and perspectives. • practice empathy during all interactions. think about others’ feelings, taking into account their experiences and imagining what it feels like to be in another person’s shoes. • respectfully, and with care, engage in difficult conversations, particularly those that challenge power and privilege in our society. • choose kind words over put-down language. strive to accept others rather than impose negative judgment, in order to create a safe and supportive learning environment that allows for other students to think critically, share honestly, and take academic risks. • support and accept classmates. hold peers accountable to following the mutually-agreed upon norms and assume the responsibility of creating an educational environment in which others feel affirmed and valued. • create opportunities for others to join the conversation by asking questions, listening to and acknowledging the opinions of others, and being open- minded to peers. • express respectful agreement or disagreement with opinions, validating the knowledge of peers, or challenging their viewpoints in constructive ways. • acknowledge and try to incorporate the ideas of peers respectfully, recognizing that other students may have vastly different perspectives, experiences, strengths, needs, and opinions. • lean into discomfort, taking emotional and academic risks by engaging in critical conversations. • support classmates when in need and work to help mediate through discussion and restorative practices. • collaborate with teachers and trusted adults to repair harm when harm is caused. • take risks and view mistakes as opportunities to grow academically and emotionally. • create collective norms about how to take care of the physical space and materials in the classroom and school community. • make an effort to build strong relationships across groups, talking to and getting to know a variety of peers and their perspectives. • consider the physical environment of the classroom to determine what cultures, languages, and identities are reflected, represented and valued. collaboratively advocate for the representation of the cultural backgrounds of all students across new york state, ensuring that diverse backgrounds are reflected and valued in the school community throughout the year, not only on designated holidays. • advocate for diversity of art, food, and activities in the building that represent the vast diversity of the state and that incorporate relevant cultural and historical context. • work with teachers to create an environment that establishes mutually agreed-upon norms. act out of a sense of personal responsibility to follow these norms, and not from a fear of punishment or desire for a reward. • build respect and mutual understanding across the school community, including with teachers, administrators, counselors, school aides, custodial staff, lunch and recess staff, etc. • take ownership of the physical space and learning environment in the school community, welcoming others, taking on leadership roles as school ambassadors, and creating and engaging in activities that improve the school climate and culture for students of diverse backgrounds. • participate in the creation of, and review of, school codes of conduct. be a collaborating member of these existing committees. • address implicit bias in the school and community environment. • take risks and learn from your mistakes, in order to grow academically and emotionally. • identify inequity and challenge it when you see it. creating a welcoming and affirming environment express respectful agreement or disagreement with opinions, validating the knowledge of peers, or challenging their viewpoints in constructive ways. s t u d e n t s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • challenge oneself to do more than what feels academically comfortable. set high goals and continuously revise them to push yourself out of your academic comfort zone. • collaborate with teachers to develop tools for persevering in difficult social and academic situations, i.e. growth mindset tools that help students view challenges and failures as opportunities to grow, and view their brain as a muscle that continues to get stronger over time when they take on new challenges and try new things. • draw upon your past learning, prior experiences, and the richness of your cultural background to make meaning of new concepts and apply learning on an ongoing basis. • strive and take pride in producing high quality work, using feedback to revise work, continuously improve, and set new goals. • voice and express the need for challenging work and extension activities after achieving a goal. • promote the group’s success and support the participation of everyone in the learning task. • take responsibility for one’s role in group activities, balancing group and individual accountability. • work cooperatively toward goals and hold each other accountable in supportive ways. • develop or sustain the mindset that having high expectations means caring about more than just a grade, but also personal growth and character development. • participate, when possible, in student leadership opportunities, such as student-led workshops, peer-led discussion, and student-run school- wide initiatives. • advocate for varied ways of learning (i.e. project-based learning, presentations, station work, small group work) that accommodate the diverse learning styles and interests of those in the class community. • continuously learn about implicit bias, with attention to identifying and addressing implicit bias in the school community. • advocate for the physical access of all differently-abled members of the school community. fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s t u d e n t s s t u d e n t s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • identify, discuss and dismantle implicit bias in curriculum and assessment. • advocate for the opportunity for all students to actively give input and share their opinions on the curriculum (book selection, course offerings, elective offerings). • identify gaps where the current curriculum does not address multiple perspectives, cultures, and backgrounds. advocate for fair representation of these absent perspectives. • challenge power and privilege where present, or absent, in the curriculum by locating other resources or requesting curriculum that is inclusive of multiple perspectives. • generate ideas about people or concepts that peers may like to learn about and share these ideas with your teachers and school leaders. • ask questions about self, community, and society that may serve as opportunities to connect in-school learning with the world outside the classroom. share these questions and any related ideas with your teachers and school leaders. • collaborate with teachers to connect events deemed relevant by your community to the classroom. • actively engage in service learning opportunities, when available, to expand learning beyond the classroom. encourage peers to collaborate with you in these learning opportunities. • collaborate with teachers, peers, and administrators to create opportunities for meaningful long-term projects, project- based learning activities, and field visits that allow all students to demonstrate their knowledge and growth over time, and align to the varied learning styles and interests of those in the class community. • collaborate with teachers, peers, and administrators to create multiple ways of assessing in-classroom learning that allow all students to demonstrate their knowledge and growth over time, and align to the varied learning styles and interests of those in the class community. • look critically at the course offerings, extracurricular activities, and student- led organizations. challenge the current system to make changes that ensure equitable access and participation, especially if the environment offers limited options in which the same students participate and hold leadership opportunities. • set goals toward future aspirations and collaborate with teachers and families to make plans about achieving them. work daily toward accomplishing these goals. • apply for out-of-school programs and learning opportunities, when possible. • seek help and guidance, when needed, from broader support networks such as peers, family, and trusted adults. • take ownership and accountability after making mistakes, using your mistake as an opportunity to learn and further academic and emotional growth. • continuously learn about implicit bias, with attention to identifying and challenging your own biases, and identifying and addressing implicit bias in the school community. • challenge yourself to learn about people, cultures, languages, orientations, abilities, and socioeconomic backgrounds different than your own. identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support develop or sustain the mindset that having high expectations means caring about more than just a grade, but also personal growth and character development. t e a c h e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education t e a c h e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state teachers can cultivate a culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support culturally resp onsive-sustaining education t e a c h e r s • assess the physical environment of the classroom and school to determine whether a variety of diverse cultures, languages, orientations, and identities are reflected, represented and valued. promote a variety of perspectives that represent the diversity of the state of new york beyond designated icons, historical figures, months and holidays. • build rapport and develop positive relationships with students, and their families, by learning about their interests and inviting them to share their opinions and concerns. find opportunities to address and incorporate their opinions and concerns. • provide multiple opportunities for parents to communicate in their language and method of preference, such as digital and in-person formats, class visits, phone conversations, text message, email, collaborative projects, and impromptu conferences. • work with families early and often to gather insight into students’ cultures, goals, and learning preferences. • enact classroom management strategies that avoid assigning blame or guilt to students based on perceptions about their cultures, differences, or home lives. • work toward creating an environment that establishes mutually agreed-upon norms and encourages students to act out of a sense of personal responsibility to follow those norms, not from a fear of punishment or desire for a reward. • meet with families to understand and align the recognition, reward, and incentive practices used in the classroom to the values and cultural norms of families. • create opportunities to allow different groups and ideas to become part of the fabric of the school community by organizing proactive community- building circles and activities that promote positive relationships among individuals from diverse backgrounds. include students, teachers, school staff, leaders, families, and community members in these opportunities. • use restorative justice circles and structures to welcome students back into learning when harm has occurred. • participate in the review of school and district policies (codes of conduct, curriculum reviews, community engagement, etc.). • attend or volunteer at community events, when possible, to develop relationships with families and the community outside of the classroom setting. • respond to instances of disrespectful speech about student identities by intervening if hurtful speech or slurs are used, addressing the impact of said language, and discussing appropriate and inappropriate responses when instances of bias occur. use these moments as opportunities to build classroom environments of acceptance. • identify and address implicit bias in the school and community environment. • encourage students to take academic risks in order to create an environment that capitalizes on student mistakes as learning opportunities that help students grow academically and emotionally. creating a welcoming and affirming environment culturally resp onsive-sustaining education t e a c h e r s • have high expectations and deliver rigorous instruction for all students regardless of identity markers, including race, gender, sexual orientation, language, ability, and economic background. • reflect on your own implicit bias, how that bias might impact your expectations for student achievement or the decisions you make in the classroom, and the steps you can take to address your biases and their impact on students. • strive to be culturally sustaining by centering the identities of all students in classroom instruction, encouraging cultural pluralism rather than asking students to minimize their identities in order to be successful. • provide parents with information about what their child is expected to learn, know, and do at his/her grade level and ways to reinforce concepts at home (e.g., using the home language; reading with, or monitoring, independent reading). • promote alternative achievement metrics that also support academics (e.g., demonstrating growth, leadership, character development, social emotional learning competencies, or school values). • invite families and community members to speak or read in the classroom as a means to teach about topics that are culturally specific and aligned to the classroom curriculum and/or content area. • provide opportunities for students to critically examine topics of power and privilege. these can be planned project-based learning initiatives, instructional activities embedded into the curriculum, or discussion protocols used in response to inequity that occurs in the school and/or classroom. • incorporate current events, even if they are controversial, into instruction. utilize tools (prompting discussion questions, socratic seminar, conversation protocols) that encourage students to engage with difficult topics (power, privilege, access, inequity) constructively. • be responsive to students’ experiences by providing them with a space to process current events. • help students identify their different learning styles in both classwork and homework and incorporate instructional strategies and assignments that are responsive to those learning styles. • provide students with opportunities to present to their peers through project- based or stations-based learning to leverage student experience and expertise. • co-create explicit classroom expectations that meet the needs of all students. fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction have high expectations and deliver rigorous instruction for all students regardless of identity markers, including race, gender, sexual orientation, language, ability, and economic background. culturally resp onsive-sustaining education t e a c h e r s • continuously learn about implicit bias, with attention to identifying and challenging your own biases, and identifying and addressing implicit bias in the school community. • use professional learning activities as opportunities to better acquaint oneself with the diverse communities in which their students live. • set professional goals related to cr-s practices. • engage in inquiry groups and professional learning communities with peers and mentors. • analyze discipline data to determine any trends across sub-groups or bias toward students. engaging in ongoing professional learning and support • feature and highlight resources written and developed by traditionally marginalized voices that offer diverse perspectives on race, culture, language, gender, sexual identity, ability, religion, nationality, migrant/refugee status, socioeconomic status, housing status, and other identities traditionally silenced or omitted from curriculum. • play a role in helping schools to understand and align curriculum to the variety of histories, languages and experiences that reflect the diversity of the state population. • pair traditional curricular content with digital and other media platforms that provide current and relevant context from youth culture. • provide homework, projects, and other classroom materials in multiple languages. • provide regular opportunities for social emotional learning strategies within lessons and as discrete learning activities. • utilize student data points and assessment measures that reflect learning spaces, modalities, and demonstration of proficiency that go beyond metrics traditionally associated with standardized testing. • engage students in youth participatory action research that empowers youth to be agents of positive change in their community. • connect instructional content with the daily lives of students by using culturally- specific examples (e.g., music, movies, text) that tap into their existing interests, knowledge, and youth culture. • take field trips to community-learning sites, such as museums, parks, cultural centers, neighborhood recreational centers, and community centers, to foster students’ cultural understanding and connection to the surrounding community. • incorporate cooperative learning activities to encourage understanding of diverse perspectives; support students in working cooperatively toward goals; and highlight students’ unique strengths in the group (e.g., public speaking, note-taking, writing, drawing, etc.). • support students in creating and running student-led initiatives. identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment encourage students to take academic risks in order to create an environment that capitalizes on student mistakes as learning opportunities that help students grow academically and emotionally.   t e a c h e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state school leaders can cultivate culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support culturally resp onsive-sustaining education s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • conduct periodic review of school policies (i.e. dress code, discipline code, conduct code), by collaborating with parents, teachers, community members and incorporating research- based best practices such as restorative justice, positive behavior interventions and supports. • assess school climate using a variety of measures (i.e. surveys, interviews, focus groups, informal gatherings) to collect diverse stakeholder impressions and experiences, using questions that consider issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. • disaggregate data (i.e. discipline, attendance, enrollment in advanced coursework, special education, and gifted and talented programs) by sub-group, evaluate trends, and create a strategic plan to address disproportionality. • provide space for teachers and staff to process and determine how to engage with students and families after social and political events that impact the wider community. • support formal and informal structures for families to receive information about grade-level standards and expectations, developmentally appropriate social emotional tools, and strategies to support academic and social growth at home. creating a welcoming and affirming environment s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • provide interpretation services at family meetings (i.e. parent organization meetings, community events, during the enrollment process, during the provision of special education services, etc.), to ensure family engagement includes meaningful two-way communication and offers families the opportunity to share (not just receive) in their home language. • develop multiple means of ongoing family engagement (i.e. apps and online systems of communication, parent leadership opportunities, parent family liaison positions, opportunities for families to serve as active co-creators of policies and programs, parent organizing bodies, and holding meetings at varied hours, possibly providing transportation and childcare, outreach at community meetings). • create advisory groups consisting of various education stakeholders (families, teachers, students, community members) to work collaboratively to set school norms, establish school goals, and build alignment between the families’ expectations and values, and the school’s expectations and values. • work with cultural and community centers to identify needs and provide services to families by offering classes such as parenting, financial literacy, computer literacy, or english language at the school. • highlight works of art designed by students and members of the broader community that incorporate relevant cultural and historical context. • create a visibly multilingual and multicultural environment by posting signs, banners, and other materials throughout the school that acknowledge and celebrate the identities of students. • post high-quality work in the physical environment that is not limited to the display of correct answers, but also demonstrates students’ critical thinking, conceptual understanding, reasoning, and application of content to meaningful real-world situations. work to ensure high-quality work is equitably represented from students across sub-groups. • create “listening conferences” or “peacemaking circles” led by a trained facilitator through which all stakeholders can discuss cultural and social values and resolve conflict. • develop peer mediation programs where trained student mediators assist their peers in settling disputes. • incorporate time in the school day when formal restorative practices can occur. • provide the time and resources for students to create cultural clubs to learn more about their culture as well as other students’ cultures. • develop interview questions when hiring new staff that provide opportunities for candidates to identify ways they share (or don’t share) experiences with the local student populations and to explain the implications of those experiences for their professional practices. • incorporate parent and community voices into the hiring process. incorporate parent and community voices into the hiring process. s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • support staff in embedding grade- level, standards-aligned resources that emphasize cultural pluralism; social justice; and current events into curriculum across content areas. • partner with teachers to audit curriculum, materials, and school or classroom libraries to assess: whether they properly represent, value, and develop students’ cultures; presence of implicit bias; or omission of cultural (race, class, gender, language, sexual orientation, nationality, ability) perspectives. • support the design and implementation of multiple forms of assessment that consider personalized student needs (i.e. learning style, learning preferences, language proficiency). • invest in curricular resources that reflect diverse cultures and voices of marginalized people. • invest in community leaders and family members as contributors to instruction by actively seeking and welcoming their history and knowledge. • incorporate social emotional learning (sel) materials, resources, and strategies into the school day and broader learning environment that consider and plan for topics of equity and inclusion. • expose students to the world beyond the home community while affirming their own identities (i.e. community mentor programs, guest speakers, field trips, cross-district partnerships). identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment • have high expectations and ensure rigorous instruction for all students regardless of identity markers, including race, gender, sexual orientation, language, ability, and economic background. • reflect on your own implicit bias, how that bias might impact your expectations for student achievement or the decisions you make in the school, and the steps you can take to address your biases and their impact on students. • develop in-school inquiry-based teams to address instructional rigor, cultural responsiveness, achievement disparities, and student engagement. • embed cognitive and instructional strategies into teacher coaching that enables students to strengthen learning capacity. • embed cognitive and instructional strategies into the teacher coaching model that pushes teachers to put the cognitive lift on students. coach teachers to deliver high-quality instruction that enables students to grow as independent learners, think critically, make meaning of new concepts in multiple ways, and apply learning to meaningful, real-world situations. • promote alternative achievement metrics that also supports academics (e.g., demonstrating school values, strong attendance, leadership, growth). fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction conduct periodic review of school policies (i.e. dress code, discipline code, conduct code), by collaborating with parents, teachers, community members and incorporating research-based best practices such as restorative justice, positive behavior interventions and supports. engaging in ongoing professional learning and support s c h o o l l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • support teachers in building capacity to leverage community context in curriculum. • create learning communities (i.e., professional learning communities, book study, discussion groups, online webinars, digital subscriptions) for teachers and students to engage in topics that directly address educator and student identities and understand and unpack privilege. • provide opportunities for teachers and leaders to receive trainings on topics related to diversity, equity, and inclusion, such as: critical self- reflection, disproportionality, anti-bias, developing racial literacy, combating racism and microaggressions, etc. • use data and research to identify teachers with strong culturally responsive-sustaining practices and racial literacy skills and allow time for them to share their practices (i.e. peer observations, professional learning, etc.) • support teachers in conducting cross-curricular culturally responsive- sustaining planning sessions by providing forums for collaborative planning, drafting, mapping, and aligning. d is t r ic t l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state district leaders can cultivate culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support d is t r ic t l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education d is t r ic t l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • create a policy statement about your commitment to culturally responsive- sustaining education, and include staff (teachers, school safety officers, counselors, lunch and recess staff) in its creation, development, and ongoing training. • conduct periodic review of school policies (i.e. dress code, discipline code, conduct code), by collaborating with parents, teachers, community members and incorporating research-based best practices such as restorative justice, positive behavior interventions and supports. • encourage and incentivize school leaders to hold spaces (i.e. community forums, social events) that foster collaboration among teachers, families, and community members that provide insight into the assets that exist among the school community. • provide resources to schools (i.e. shared language, online resources, questions for discussion, etc.) for incorporating and responding to current events and events that impact the community. • formalize structures for school and district-wide parent collaboration, such as parent-teacher associations/ organizations (pta/pto) or academic parent-teacher teams (aptt). • assess school climate using a variety of measures (i.e. surveys, interviews, focus groups, informal gatherings) to collect diverse stakeholder impressions and experiences, using questions that consider issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion. • disaggregate data (i.e. discipline, attendance, enrollment in advanced coursework, special education, and gifted and talented programs) by sub-group, evaluate trends, and create a strategic plan to address disproportionality. • make accessible and readable information readily available to families in a variety of modes, including translations and accommodations for those with disabilities. • provide interpretation services at family meetings (i.e. parent organization meetings, community events, during the enrollment process, during the provision of special education services, etc.), to ensure family engagement includes meaningful two-way communication and offers families the opportunity to share (not just receive) in their home language. • gather family and community feedback on district-wide policies before implementation and provide transparent updates during and after implementation. • develop multiple means of ongoing family engagement (i.e. apps and online systems of communication, holding meetings at varied hours, possibly providing transportation and childcare, outreach at community meetings or other places the community gathers). • stay current on wider social and political issues that affect communities served by the district (i.e. hold regular meetings with community-based organizations and advocacy groups, create a community liaison role to gather information from the field). • work to improve the recruitment and retention of a diverse teacher workforce (i.e. teachers who identify as people of color, lgbtqia+, differently- abled) by strengthening pipelines for teacher education and cultivating relationships with local and national partners (i.e. historically black colleges and universities, hispanic association of colleges and universities, alliance organizations). • identify, cultivate, and support students who are interested in joining the district in the future as a classroom teacher or school professional (school counselor, occupational and speech pathologist, etc.) by partnering with higher education and other professional organizations that could provide scholarships, internships, externships, and mentorship opportunities, as a means to strengthen teacher education pipelines. • work with cultural and community centers and organizations to identify needs and provide services to families by offering classes such as parenting, financial literacy, computer literacy, or english language at the school. creating a welcoming and affirming environment create a policy statement about your commitment to culturally responsive-sustaining education, and include staff (teachers, school safety officers, counselors, lunch and recess staff) in its creation, development, and ongoing training d is t r ic t l e a d e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • strategize instructional methods to disrupt any disparities in student success outcomes that exist across lines of difference, highlighting and sharing best practices from the field. • incorporate adaptive learning methods that encourage differentiation, explora- tion and curiosity as opposed to scripted, one-size-fits-all instructional programs. • partner with experts in the field (i.e. professional learning organizations, higher education, consultants) to identify research-based, instructional strategies that are most effective in advancing student academic success. • use tools to identify and recognize instructional methods that high-performing, culturally responsive-sustaining teachers are using across content areas. • facilitate structures for teacher collaboration across school and district teams, i.e. peer observations, school visits, purposeful partnerships, mentor teachers. fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction • train and build the capacity of instructional leaders to support teachers in delivering instruction that is rigorous, student-centered, and promotes students as agents of positive social change. • disseminate existing, or develop new, self-assessment tools and resources for educators to assess and reflect on their implicit biases. • ensure schools have evidence-based trainings and planning time supportive of cr-s, including space for collaborative curriculum drafting, mapping, and aligning (carter & welner, ). • provide professional learning communities and other professional learning structures to address bias, develop racial literacy skills, etc. • use data and research to identify teachers with strong cr-s practices and racial literacy skills and allow time/space for them to share their practices with other district teachers. engaging in ongoing professional learning and support • adopt curriculum that includes culturally authentic learning experiences that mirror students’ ways of learning, understanding, communicating, and demonstrating curiosity and knowledge. • adopt curriculum that highlights contributions and includes texts reflective of the diverse identities of students and reframes the monocultural framework that privileges the historically advantaged at the expense of other groups. • invest in research to determine assessments geared toward academic achievement for underrepresented and underserved students of diverse identities. • formally disseminate existing research on best practices from the field regarding culturally responsive-sustaining curriculum, instruction, and assessment to stakeholders in the district. • partner with higher education institutions on curriculum development, coaching, and consultation around issues of diversity, equity and inclusion (e.g., immigration, integration, diversification of curriculum). • create courses district-wide about the diversity of cultures representative of the state of new york (e.g., native americans, african americans, latinx studies, asian american studies, gender studies) in a way that is comprehensive (e.g., across grade levels and not relegated to one specific month) and empowering (e.g., african american history does not begin with slavery, but with african history). identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment fa m il ie s a n d c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state families and community members can cultivate a culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support culturally resp onsive-sustaining education fa m il ie s a n d c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally resp onsive-sustaining education fa m il ie s a n d c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • communicate with your child’s teachers using your preferred language and means of communication (e.g., in-person, phone, email, texts, notes) from the variety of methods of participation offered (in-class, in-school, at-home, community-based). when a variety of communication methods is not offered, advocate for increased means of communication. • advocate for the right to receive communications in the language and format desired. • advocate to ensure that school culture and environment is safe and responsive to children’s needs. • partner with teachers and school leaders to inform them of, and assist with, school community needs. • be aware of, and collaboratively advocate for, children having access to a wide range of educational coursework and programming. • share knowledge about your child’s interests, learning style, learning preferences, and prior educational experiences with trusted teachers and leaders in the school community. • share traditions and cultural assets with teachers to support the integration of these values within curriculum. • support students in engaging with their local community (i.e. youth participatory action research [y-par] and other community-based inquiry) that encourages student engagement with their local contexts. • be open to opportunities for service learning, outreach, field trips, and other educational opportunities in the school community, toward the end of helping students develop a sense of identity and belonging and provide a support system in the school community. • ask teacher and school leaders what is being taught in each class, and periodically inquire about children’s progress toward achieving learning goals. • support students in achieving progress toward learning goals, to the extent possible. seek help and guidance from trusted teachers, leaders, and families in the school community, when needed. creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction set goals with your children toward their future aspirations and collaborate with teachers to make plans about achieving them. share knowledge about your child’s interests, learning style, learning preferences, and prior educational experiences with trusted teachers and leaders in the school community. • generate ideas about concepts that your children and their peers may like to learn about. • ask questions of your children about self, community, and society that may serve as opportunities to connect in-school learning with the world outside the classroom. • collaborate with teachers to connect events deemed relevant by the community to the classroom. • actively engage your children in service learning opportunities, when available, to expand learning beyond the classroom. identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • participate in decision-making around programs, policies, and learning activities that impact the school community. • work with parent organizations to ensure that parents are represented in the school across various identities including race, family orientation, social class, profession, religious backgrounds. • offer time and talents to school events and trainings, to the extent possible. • leverage the knowledge of other parents to create strong parental in-school community. • set goals with your children toward their future aspirations and collaborate with teachers to make plans about achieving them. • support your children in applying for out-of-school programs and learning opportunities, when possible. engaging in ongoing professional learning and support fa m il ie s a n d c o m m u n it y m e m b e r s h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state higher education faculty and administrators can cultivate a culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s • create a policy statement about your institution’s commitment to culturally responsive-sustaining education that includes a definition, shared language, and short and term-long goals. include administrators, faculty, staff, and students in its creation and ongoing implementation. • identify school codes of conduct and discipline policies that disproportionately impact persons of color, students who are english language learners/multilingual learners, students with disabilities, students of different religions, gender identities, sexual identities, nationalities, socioeconomic backgrounds, housing status, migrant/refugee status, and other diverse identities. • collaborate with teacher and leader candidates to address inequitable policies, and expand the development of tools to do so. • work to expand the recruitment and retention of a diverse student body and staff with identities and experiences that reflect the varied experiences of the student population. (i.e. educators and staff who identify as people of color, lgbtqia+, differently-abled; educators and staff with experience in both rural and urban populations). creating a welcoming and affirming environment culturally resp onsive-sustaining education h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • have high expectations and deliver rigorous instruction for all teacher and leader candidates regardless of identity markers, including race, gender, sexual orientation, language, ability, and economic background. • reflect on your own implicit bias, and how that bias might impact your expectations for teacher and leader candidate achievement, and the decisions you make as a faculty member or administrator. • create a course, or embed into existing courses, the opportunity for teacher and leader candidates to identify and address their own implicit bias. • train and build the capacity of teacher and leader candidates to deliver instruction that meets the needs of a diverse population; values multiple components of student identity (race, economic background, gender, language, sexual orientation, nationality, religion, and ability); counters deficit-based policies; and promotes students as agents of positive social change. • review and update faculty pedagogical practices for culturally responsive- sustaining teaching across disciplines and support faculty in implementing said instruction. • invest in research to determine the educational policies and reforms geared toward academic achievement for underrepresented and underserviced students of diverse identities and support faculty in implementing these practices in their teacher and leader preparation courses. • formally disseminate existing research on best practices from the field regarding culturally responsive- sustaining instruction to stakeholders in the district. • document and share examples from the field of culturally responsive-sustaining instruction and school leadership beyond the academic community to reach all education stakeholders. • place teaching candidates in student teaching placements across a range of diverse settings (urban, rural, suburban, small, large, traditional, nontraditional), supporting teachers to work along lines of difference with students of diverse backgrounds (race, language, economic background, ability). fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction invest in research to determine the educational policies and reforms geared toward academic achievement for underrepresented and underserviced students of diverse identities and support faculty in implementing these practices in their teacher and leader preparation courses. h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education engaging in ongoing professional learning and support • prioritize teacher and leader professional learning opportunities that align with new york state professional learning standards and build educators’ capacities to deliver cr-s instruction. work with school leaders and districts to engage teachers and school support staff in these opportunities both as in-school, job-embedded professional development and as out-of-school, college/university-based professional learning. opportunities might be remote, in-person, short-term, or long-term. • create pipelines between the district and college/universities by identifying, cultivating, and supporting high school students of diverse backgrounds from the district who are interested in returning to the district as classroom teachers or school professional personnel (school counselors, occupational and speech pathologists, etc.). • disseminate existing, or develop new, self-assessment tools and resources for educators to assess and reflect on their implicit biases. identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment • integrate cr-s education into teacher and education leadership preparation programs as both a standalone class and an infused aspect of all teacher preparation classes. • prioritize social emotional learning approaches that are culturally responsive-sustaining as essential to quality teaching and learning throughout new york state. • partner with districts on curriculum development, coaching, and assessment consultation with regard to issues of diversity, disproportionality, equity, and inclusion. • partner with teachers, school leaders, and district leaders to create materials to help in cr-s strategic planning and implementation at the classroom, school, and district level. • conduct curriculum audits within teacher and education leadership preparation programs to identify the levels of bias existing in current resource selection and staff capacity. work with teacher and education leadership to use this data to better inform or advocate for different curricular choices. • invest in research to identify culturally responsive-sustaining methods of assessment that consider personalized student needs (i.e. learning style, learning preferences, language proficiency, interests) and allow all students to demonstrate their knowledge and growth over time. • formally disseminate existing research on best practices from the field regarding culturally responsive- sustaining curriculum and assessment to stakeholders in the district. • support school districts in creating courses about the diversity of cultures representative of the state of new york, (e.g., native americans, african americans, latinx studies, asian american, gender studies) in a way that is comprehensive (e.g., across grade levels and not relegated to one specific month) and empowering (e.g., african american history does not begin with slavery, but with african history). create pipelines between the district and college/ universities by identifying, cultivating, and supporting high school students of diverse back- grounds from the district who are interested in returning to the district as classroom teachers or school professional personnel (school counselors, occupational and speech pathologists, etc.). h ig h e r e d u c a t io n fa c u lt y a n d a d m in is t r a t o r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally resp onsive-sustaining education new york state education department policymakers can cultivate culturally responsive- sustaining education for students by: creating a welcoming and affirming environment fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support culturally resp onsive-sustaining education e d u c a t io n d e p a r t m e n t p o l ic y m a k e r s e d u c a t io n d e p a r t m e n t p o l ic y m a k e r sculturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally resp onsive-sustaining education e d u c a t io n d e p a r t m e n t p o l ic y m a k e r s culturally resp onsive-sustaining education • strive to be sustaining by centering the identities of all students in our educational policies, encouraging cultural pluralism rather than creating policies that ask students to minimize their identities in order to be successful. • strive to be responsive to the needs of students, teachers, school and district leaders, parents, and families. • work to expand the recruitment and retention of a diverse staff with identities and experiences that reflect the varied experiences of the student population in new york state (i.e. staff who identify as people of color, lgbtqia+, differently- abled; staff with experience in both rural and urban populations). • make accessible and readable information readily available, in multiple languages, to parents and families. • develop guidance on ways schools can respond to local and global events, as well as prominent community concerns. • provide resources families need to be engaged advocates for their children’s sense of belonging in school, with particular regard to the opportunities and challenges associated with having marginalized identity markers (i.e. race, sexuality, gender identity, ability, language, etc.) • recognize the effect of school environment on student achievement and continue to expand the development of tools that assess, address, and support the improvement of school climate. • engage families and communities in a respectful way, as outlined in the first commitment of new york state’s my brother’s keeper (mbk) initiative. creating a welcoming and affirming environment engaging in ongoing professional learning and support e d u c a t io n d e p a r t m e n t p o l ic y m a k e r sculturally resp onsive-sustaining education • identify and share resources in every content area that allow teachers, school leaders, and district leaders to embed equitable representations of diverse cultures, celebrate the voices of underrepresented identities, and accurately represent historical events into curriculum. • promote the design of multiple forms of assessment that consider personalized student needs (i.e. learning style, learning preferences, language proficiency). • promote and utilize asset-based research on the academic achievement of underrepresented and underserved students to determine educational policies and reforms related to standards, curriculum, and assessment. • use differentiated approaches to instruction based on need and culture, as outlined in the third commitment of new york state’s mbk initiative. • build internal staff capacity to engage in continuous professional learning and growth around culturally responsive- sustaining practices that will be reflected in policies. • provide supports, opportunities, and resources that build stakeholders’ capacity to implement cr-s practices. • continuously engage staff members in professional learning about implicit bias, with particular attention to allowing staff members to identify and challenge their own biases, and training them on identifying and addressing implicit bias in the workplace. • provide educators with opportunities for professional learning in the areas of equity, anti-bias, multicultural, and culturally responsive-sustaining pedagogies. • identify and share research practices proven effective and highlight examples of best practices from the field. • create different pathways for educational success and life readiness, including college, career, technical education, and vocational pathways, etc. • create high-quality resources that allow teachers, school leaders, and district leaders to plan and implement culturally responsive-sustaining practices in their respective communities. • align existing resources to the diagnostic tool for school and district effectiveness (dtsde) and social emotional learning (sel) frameworks. • align existing state standards to cr-s guidelines. • adhere to the six commitments set by the new york state my brother’s keeper (mbk) initiative that incorporate strategies to help boys and young men of color—and all students—realize their full potential. fostering high expectations and rigorous instruction strive to be sustaining by centering the identities of all students in our educational policies, encouraging cultural pluralism rather than creating policies that ask students to minimize their identities in order to be successful. identifying inclusive curriculum and assessment culturally resp onsive-sustaining education culturally resp onsive-sustaining education alim, h. s., baglieri, s., ladson-billings, g., paris, d., rose, d. h., valente, j. m. 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( ). cooperative learning: a diversified pedagogy for diverse classrooms. intercultural education, ( ), - . retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/ profile/yael_sharan/publication/ _cooperative_ learning_a_diversified_pedagogy_for_diverse_classrooms/ links/ f d cf e e f f /cooperative- learning-a-diversified-pedagogy-for-diverse-classrooms. pdf?origin=publication_detail. sue, d.w., capodilupo, c.m., torino, g.c., bucceri, j.m., holder, a.m.b., nadal, k.l., & esquilin, m. ( ). racial microaggressions in everyday life: implications for clinical practice. american psychologist, ( ), - . retrieved from https://world-trust.org/wp-content/uploads/ / / - racial-microagressions-in-everyday-life.pdf. teaching tolerance. ( , august ). examining your school’s climate. tolerance. retrieved from https://www.tolerance.org/ professional-development/examining-your-schools-climate. turner, c. s. ( ). diversifying the faculty: a guidebook for search committees. washington, dc: association of american colleges & universities. the leadership conference education fund. ( ). the nd annual new education majority poll: black and latino parents and families on education and their children’s future. tom joyner foundation. ( ). ewc officially rolls out the call me mister program. retrieved from https://tomjoyner foundation.org/ewc-officially-rolls-call-mister-program/. university of washington college of education. using multicultural literature to increase reading engagement and comprehension for upper elementary students in michigan. retrieved from https://education.uw.edu/cme/mlp. u.s. department of education. ( ). the state of racial diversity in the educator workforce. retrieved from https:// www .ed.gov/rschstat/eval/highered/racial-diversity/state- racial-diversity-workforce.pdf. vavrus, m. ( ). culturally responsive teaching. in t.l. good (ed.), st century education: a reference handbook, , - , los angeles: sage. villegas, a. m. ( ). culturally responsive pedagogy for the ’s and beyond. washington, dc: eric clearinghouse on teacher education. vogt, l., jordan, c., & tharp, r. ( ). explaining school failure, producing school success: two cases. anthropology and education quarterly, , - . weinstein, c., curran, m., & tomlinson-clarke, s. ( ). culturally responsive classroom management: awareness into action. theory into practice. ( ), - . retrieved from http://www.e b.org/portals/ /files% by% division/ school% support/rsetasc/culturally% responsive% classroom% management.pdf?ver= - - - - . woodson, c. g. ( ). the mis-education of the negro. new york: wilder publications limited. references image credits: front cover: ©istock.com/saulherrera; page : ©istock.com/fatcamera; page : ©istock.com/-victor; page : ©istock.com/lightfieldstudios; page : ©istock.com/weedezign, ©istock.com/-victor; page : ©istock.com/-victor-; page : ©istock.com/kali ; page : ©istock.com/ridofranz; page : ©istock.com/peopleimages; page : ©istock.com/ martinedoucet, ©istock.com/jacoblund, ©istock.com/peopleimages; page : ©istock.com/fatcamera; page : ©istock.com/gradyreese; page : ©istock.com/solstock, ©istock.com/ fatcamera; page : ©istock.com/asiseeit; page : ©istock.com/asiseeit; page : ©istock.com/dglimages; page : ©istock.com/solstock; page : ©istock.com/fg trade; page : ©istock.com/kali , ©istock.com/kadek bonit permadi; page : ©istock.com/fstop ; page : ©istock.com/grapeimages; page : ©istock.com/johnnygreig; page : ©istock.com/pabradyphoto; page : ©istock.com/ferrantraite; page : ©istock.com/miodrag ignjatovic culturally resp onsive-sustaining education asset-based per spective is a transformational perspective that recognizes and values the rich cultural practices embedded in all communities. asset-based teaching is a strengths- based approach that leverages students’ knowledge, experiences, skills, values, and perspectives as assets for learning. asset-based educators see cultural differences as assets, create caring learning communities in which social, cultural, and linguistic diversities are valued, use the cultural knowledges of diverse cultures, families, and communities to guide curriculum development, classroom climates, instructional strategies, and relationships with students, and challenge racial, linguistic, and cultural stereotypes, prejudices, racism, and other forms of intolerance, injustice, and oppression. deficit-based per spective  implies that students are flawed or deficient and that the role of the school is to fix the student. deficit-based teaching seeks to teach to students’ weaknesses instead of teaching to their strengths. it views students as needed to be fixed or remediated, and often attributes their school failures to perceived deficits that lie within the student, their family, community or culture. diver sity is a reality created by individuals and groups from a broad spectrum of demographic and philosophical differences. these differences can exist along dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, language heritage, sexual orientation, socio- economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. it is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. it is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple tolerance to embracing and celebrating the rich dimensions of difference contained within everyone. finally, we acknowledge that categories of difference are not always fixed but can be fluid, and we respect individual rights to self-identification, as no one culture is intrinsically superior to another. equity is the state, quality, or ideal of being just, impartial, and fair. the concept of equity is synonymous with fairness and justice. to be achieved and sustained, equity needs to be thought of as a structural and systemic concept, and not as idealistic. equity is a robust system and dynamic process that reinforces and replicates equitable ideas, power, resources, strategies, conditions, habits, and outcomes. systematic equity is a complex combination of interrelated elements designed to create, support and sustain social justice. gender implies a non-binary association of characteristics within the broad spectrum between masculinities and femininities. in new york state, gender is identified by the student. in the case of very young transgender students not yet able to advocate for themselves, gender may be identified by the parent or guardian. inclusive more than simply diversity and numerical representation, being inclusive involves authentic and empowered participation and a true sense of belonging. in an inclusive school, the social and instructional space is designed such that all students have access to the curriculum and there are many opportunities for students to be successful. internalized racism describes the private racial beliefs held by and within individuals. the way we absorb social messages about race and adopt them as personal beliefs, biases, and prejudices are all within the realm of internalized racism. for people of color, internalized oppression can involve believing in negative messages about oneself or one’s racial group. for whites, internalized privilege can involve feeling a sense of superiority and entitlement or holding negative beliefs about people of color. interper sonal racism is how our private beliefs about race become public when we interact with others. when we act upon our prejudices or unconscious bias — whether intentionally, visibly, verbally — we engage in interpersonal racism. interpersonal racism also can be willful and overt, taking the form of bigotry, hate speech or racial violence. institutional racism is racial inequity baked into our institutions, connoting a system of power that produces racial disparities in domains such as law, health, employment, education, and so on. it can take the form of unfair policies and practices, discriminatory treatment and inequitable opportunities and outcomes. a school system that concentrates people of color in the most overcrowded and under-resourced schools with the least qualified teachers, compared to the educational opportunities of more advantaged students, is an example of institutional racism. microaggressions are the everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights, snubs, or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, which communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership. in many cases, these hidden messages may invalidate the group identity or experiential reality of targeted persons, demean them on a personal or group level, communicate the perception that they are lesser human beings, suggest they do not belong with the majority group, threaten and intimidate, or relegate them to inferior status and treatment. multilingual learner s (mls) are students who, by reason of foreign birth or ancestry, speak or understand languages other than english, speak or glossary of terms culturally resp onsive-sustaining education understand little or no english, require support in order to become proficient in english, and are identified pursuant to section . of new york state’s commissioner’s regulations. pluralism is a socially constructed system in which members of an identity group maintain participation in this group even as they belong to a larger cultural group. educational pluralism is when students can leverage aspects of their cultural background as assets for learning and sustain those assets throughout their schooling. they are not required to minimize their unique cultural strengths in order to experience social and academic success or acceptance because no one culture is not valued as standard or dominant. race is a socially constructed system of categorizing humans largely based on observable physical features (phenotypes) such as skin color and ancestry. there is no scientific basis for or discernible distinction between racial categories. the ideology of race has become embedded in our identities, institutions, and culture and is used as a basis for discrimination and domination. racial justice is the systematic fair treatment of people of all races that results in equitable opportunities and outcomes for everyone. all people are able to achieve their full potential in life, regardless of race, ethnicity or the community in which they live. racial justice — or racial equity —goes beyond “anti-racism.” it’s not just about what we are against, but also what we are for. a cr-s education framework should move us from a reactive posture to a more powerful, proactive and even preventative approach. the concept of racism is widely thought of as simply personal prejudice, but, in fact, it is a complex system of racial hierarchies and inequities. at the micro level of racism, or individual level, are internalized and interpersonal systems of engrained bias. at the macro level of racism, we focus beyond individuals to the broader dynamics, including symbolic, ideological, institutional, and structural systems of racial hierarchies and inequities. socioeconomic status is the social standing or class of an individual or group. it is often measured as a combination of education, income, and occupation. examinations of socioeconomic status often reveal inequities in access to resources, as well as issues related to privilege, power, and control. in new york state, a student’s socioeconomic status is determined by family participation in economic assistance programs, such as the free or reduced price lunch programs; social security insurance (ssi); food stamps; foster care; refugee assistance (cash or medical assistance); earned income tax credit (eitc); home energy assistance program (heap); safety net assistance (sna); bureau of indian affairs (bia); or family assistance: temporary assistance for needy families (tanf). if one student in a family is identified as low income, all students from that household or economic unit may be identified as low income. sociocultural resp onsiveness involves the active sensitivity to what all students need to be successful academically, psychologically, emotionally, and socially. such responsiveness recognizes that all students are different and must be uniquely responded to, challenged and stimulated, and strategies must be adapted to meet the needs of individual and groups of students. socio-p olitical consciousness involves an awareness to both the social and political factors at play in the workings of complex societal systems. this consciousness is necessary for navigating complex systems based on a unity of thought and performance, reflective practice and deliberative action, skills that are meaningful and necessary for participation in expanding global economies and democracies. structural racism (or structural racialization) is the operation of racial bias across institutions and society. it describes the cumulative and compounding effects of an array of factors that systematically privilege one group over another. since the word “racism” often is understood as a conscious belief, “racialization” may be a better way to describe a process that does not require intentionality. race equity expert john a. powell writes: “’racialization’ connotes a process rather than a static event. it underscores the fluid and dynamic nature of race… ‘structural racialization’ is a set of processes that may generate disparities or depress life outcomes without any racist actors.” systematic equity is a complex combination of interrelated elements consciously designed to create, support, and sustain social justice. it is a robust system and dynamic process that reinforces and replicates equitable ideas, power, resources, strategies, conditions, habits, and outcomes. systemic racialization describes a dynamic system that produces and replicates racial ideologies, identities, and inequities. systemic racialization is the deeply-institutionalized pattern of discrimination that cuts across major political, economic and social organizations in a society. public attention to racism is generally focused on the symptoms (such as a racist slur by an individual) rather than the system of racial inequality. like two sides of the same coin, racial privilege describes race-based advantages and preferential treatment based on skin color, while racial oppression refers to race-based disadvantages, discrimination and exploitation based on skin color. glossary of terms culturally resp onsive-sustaining education alfredo artiles dean of the graduate college and professor at arizona state university jeff duncan-andrade associate professor at san francisco state university david kirkland executive director of new york university metro center gloria ladson-billings distinguished professor at university of wisconsin joyce moy executive director of asian american/asian research institute, city university of new york django paris associate professor and director of the banks center for educational justice at university of washington michigan state carla shedd-guild associate professor of urban education at the cuny graduate center amy stuart-wells professor at teachers college, columbia university mariana souto-manning associate professor at teachers college, columbia university zoila morrell associate professor of educational leadership at mercy college zakiyah shaakir-ansari advocacy director at the alliance for quality education tracy atkins teacher, development and evaluation coach, (tdec) for district jim bostic executive director at nepperhan community center barry derfel assistant superintendent at tst boces of ithaca arnold dodge associate professor of education at long island university winsome gregory assistant superintendent for administration and instruction at nyack public schools gilleyan hargrove supervisor of guidance services at nycdoe stanley harper superintendent of schools at salmon river central school district eva hassett executive director at international institute of buffalo ruth holland scott community leader of rochester andrea honigsfeld professor of education, molloy college sonya horsford associate professor at teachers college, columbia university brian jones associate director of education at the schomburg center for research in black culture marina marcou-o’malley policy and operations director at alliance for quality education regent nan mead new york state board of regents fatima morrell assistant superintendent, buffalo public schools roberto padilla superintendent of newburgh schools joe rogers director of public engagement at the center for educational equity at teachers college, columbia university yolanda sealey-ruiz associate professor at teachers college, columbia university andrea toussaint assistant principal at medgar evers preparatory school carmela thompson assistant dean of the graduate school at buffalo state university regent lester young, jr. new york state board of regents collaborative members expert panel advisory panel culturally resp onsive-sustaining education carla shedd associate professor of sociology and urban education at the graduate center, cuny helaine w. marshall professor of education at long island university-hudson abja midha deputy director of the education trust- ny gretchen rymarchyk deputy executive director at rural schools association of new york kim sykes director of education policy at new york immigration coalition jamaica miles lead organizer/parent: schenectady jasmine gripper legislative director at alliance for quality education susan lafond assistant in educational services at new york state united teachers roberta clements school psychologist at beacon city school district lauren r. french superintendent at gouverneur central school district vanessa leung co-executive director coalition for asian american children and families diana noriega chief program officer at the committee for hispanic children and families alexsandra lopez bilingual special education specialist at erie boces elaine gross president of erase racism jessica karnes coordinator of staff development at erie boces sheena jacob k- social studies coordinator at glen cove city school district ashley baxter educator at nyc doe wanda vasquez new principal coach at nyc doe dola deloff director of instructional support services at sullivan county boces april francis social studies curriculum and staff development specialist at putnam northern westchester boces william green teacher at nyc doe laurie rabinowitz doctoral student in curriculum and teaching at teachers college, columbia university tammy mangus superintendent at monticello school district george jenkim teacher at schenectady city school district audrey hall vanderhoef retired teacher at berlin central school district elizabeth fallo assistant director of pupil and personnel services at onteora central school district gian starr assistant principal at pine plains central school district trini hernandez director at rbern   sandra strock rbern resource specialist at questar iii boces gliset colon assistant professor at buffalo state college, state university of new york jevon d. hunter associate professor, university at buffalo, the state university of new york haoua hamza associate professor at niagara university marcus deveso assistant director, buffalo prep   salma elsayed student at cee/tywls of astoria susan barlow executive director at parent network of western new york ericka galeano bilingual outreach specialist trainer at parent network of western new york ann brittain director of resettlement services at us conference of catholic bishops brian zralek lead organize at voice-buffalo/bilt brandon van every program assistant at seneca nation education pete hill project director at native american community services of erie and niagara counties, inc. dr. zena ntiranyibagira assistant professor of french/ community member at multilingual education advisory committee michael belle-isle assistant superintendent at amherst central school district dalphne bell supervisor of mathematics at buffalo school district nadia nashir assistant superintendent of multilingual education at buffalo school district patti stephen executive director at buffalo prep valerie paine assistant superintendent at greece central school district connie meginnis director of enl/bilingual education at dunkirk city school district kristine brown teacher at cheektowaga sloan district colleen sadowski director of school library system at media services at rochester city school district stephen la morte executive director of social studies at service learning at rochester city school district nicole delaney literacy coach at spencer-van etten central school district jennifer doyle middle school principal at rochester academy charter bryan whitley-grassi teacher and curriculum chair and global concepts charter school julie schwab superintendent at enterprise charter school michael duffy resource coordinator at erie boces new york state stakeholder s collaborative members the cr-s framework helps educators create student-centered learning environments that: affirm racial, linguistic and cultural identities; prepare students for rigor and independent learning, develop students’ abilities to connect across lines of difference; elevate historically marginalized voices; and empower students as agents of social change. acrobat accessibility report accessibility report 	filename: 	culturally-responsive-sustaining-framework-final.pdf 	report created by: 	 	organization: 	 [enter personal and organization information through the preferences > identity dialog.] summary the checker found problems which may prevent the document from being fully accessible. 	needs manual check: 	passed manually: 	failed manually: 	skipped: 	passed: 	failed: detailed report 	document 	rule name	status	description 	accessibility permission flag	passed	accessibility permission flag must be set 	image-only pdf	passed	document is not image-only pdf 	tagged pdf	passed	document is tagged pdf 	logical reading order	needs manual check	document structure provides a logical reading order 	primary language	passed	text language is specified 	title	passed	document title is showing in title bar 	bookmarks	failed	bookmarks are present in large documents 	color contrast	needs manual check	document has appropriate color contrast 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aircraft is returning to service, it is time for a new post. below the fold, bjorn fehrm has two interesting posts about the ungrounding. in the first, boeing max changes beyond mcas, fehrm lays out the cascade of warnings that resulted from a single angle-of-attack sensor failure: as faa and boeing played through what happened in the max crashes in boeing’s engineering simulators, the cascading alerts triggered by a faulty single angle of attack (aoa) sensor stood out: 	stick shaker went on on the affected side from rotation and stayed on all the time, despite the aircraft flying with the correct speed and not being close to stall. 	ias (airspeed) unreliable alert triggered 	alt (altitude) unreliable alert triggered 	aoa (angle of attack) unreliable should have shown but didn’t because of a bug in max’s software that tied it to the optional display of aoa on the pilot’s primary flight display (pfd, the pilot’s electronic horizon display). 	the speed tapes on the pilot’s primary flight display behaved strangely, showing too low speed and high speed concurrently in the et case. several trim related failures in such an environment relied on the pilots identifying the trim misbehavior within four seconds. when flight crews from different airlines were flying these scenarios, it became clear such assumptions were unrealistic. this is an example of the hand-off problem that is inherent in sophisticated automation (see first we change how people behave and the numerous comments). clearly, giving even expert pilots only seconds to comprehend and react to this confusing rush of warnings would have been unrealistic, even if the pilots had been informed about and trained on the mcas system that was causing them, which they weren't. in the second, fehrm points out an interesting difference between the faa's and the easa's requirements for re-certifying the max in max ungrounding, anac’s and easa’s decisions: the other condition has its root in the disconnection of speed trim, mcas, autopilot, and flight directors should the two angle of attack systems disagree. easa will temporarily revoke the max certification for required navigation performance – authorization required (rnp ar) approaches. ... should the aoa monitor trip, speed trim, mcas, and more importantly, autopilot and flight directors disconnect, it puts a crew in a very tight spot as the difficulty of such approaches are high (they require special crew training and certification). you need all the tools you have in such approaches and don’t want a sudden disconnect of the autopilot and flight directors combined with speed trim warning, followed by aoa, ias and alt disagree. the revoke of the rpn ar approach certification is temporary. one can guess it will be allowed again once a synthetic third aoa sensor is introduced to the max. it creates a voting “two versus one” situation when one of the sensors presents suspicious values. it would then result in an aoa disagree warning, but the autopilot and flight directors would stay on and ias and alt would still get the required aoa corrections. the aoa disagree is then an indication for required maintenance rather than a major system hiccup. duplicating systems is never a good approach to fault tolerance, they must be triplicated. in the s ba used tridents on the edinburgh to london shuttle. their autoland systems were triplcated, and certified for zero-visibility landing. i experienced my first go-round when, on my way from edinburgh to miami for a conference, the approach to lhr in heavy cloud was interrupted by the engines spooling up and an abrupt climb. the captain calmly announced that one of the autopilots disagreed with the other two and, as a precaution, we were going around for another try. on the second approach there was no disagreement. we eventually landed in fog so thick i couldn't see the wingtips. only the tridents were landing, nothing was taking off. my miami flight was delayed and after about hours i was re-routed via lga. posted by david. at : am labels: fault tolerance no comments: post a comment newer post older post home subscribe to: post comments (atom) blog rules posts and comments are copyright of their respective authors who, by posting or commenting, license their work under a creative commons attribution-share alike . united states license. off-topic or unsuitable comments will be deleted. dshr dshr in anwr recent comments full comments blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  december ( ) 	risc vs. cisc 	 max ungrounding 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 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archival unit. 	 	 simple theme. powered by blogger. coral sheldon-hess coral sheldon-hess librarian, developer, engineer, maker, bird nerd 	the online unconference of niche interests if you're looking for a fun and educational thing to do this weekend, you might consider attending the second quarterly(??) online unconference of niche interests ("ouni" for short), scheduled to run from pm until a bit after pm eastern standard time, this sunday, november . we have a set of volunteer presenters who will each talk for up to minutes about a niche topic they're into.continue readingthe online unconference of niche interests 	what i’m telling family about covid- a family member asked me to tell them about covid- . it was a general question, which i chose to interpret as "how does transmission work, and what is the real risk?" this is what i said. as i told them, i'm not a biologist of any sort, and i will accept corrections (both from people who are biologists and from those who can cite sources), of course. both this person and i have autoimmune issues, so i take that as a given in this post.continue readingwhat i&# ;m telling family about covid- 	what i’ve been up to during all this how my household is doing perhaps the best place to start writing about what i&# ;ve been up to is to be really clear: i&# ;m ok, and, at least for now, so are my loved ones. my spouse and i are both incredibly lucky to have jobs that can be done&# ;continue readingwhat i&# ;ve been up to during all this 	get that bread i want to tell you about my take on the new artisan bread in five minutes a day recipe. the things i have to add to the discussion: ) a couple of hacks for people who, like me, do not have a kitchen fan that vents outdoors (i promise i'll explain why this matters) and who like at least a little bit of whole grain in their bread, plus ) photos of some of the steps they don't show as clearly in the book. i'm still experimenting (always!), but i have a base recipe/approach that i like and that i think is good enough to share.continue readingget that bread 	 year-end post we&# ;re rapidly approaching the time for the traditional year-end post, which i&# ;ve been known to skip in recent years—i had a run of several really rough years, there. while wasn&# ;t without personal challenges and setbacks (and a whole lot of frightening developments in the us and abroad), it brought&# ;continue reading year-end post 	belated update right now i should be grading or preparing for classes, but honestly i&# ;m three blog posts behind where i wanted to be by now (i haven&# ;t forgotten my wiscon promise to make a post about tabletop roleplaying games) and fighting a pretty nasty headache. so what if i take a&# ;continue readingbelated update 	doing data things tldr: i took two classes this semester, and i'm going to teach at least one, probably . , classes next semester. i'm super psyched about it. i'll still work for the library where i'm an adjunct, too, but fewer hours per week. i'm still available for full-time hire, if you have data for me to work with.continue readingdoing data things 	 i usually do a year-end post. that&# ;s not happening in . this year took so much from me, and from people i care about, that i refuse to write about it. but i&# ;d like to write about . not &# ;resolutions&# ; so much as &# ;plans and goals&# ;&# ;and maybe not even those&# ;continue reading 	a librarian again over the past few years, i’ve come to dread the “what do you do?” question, because what people generally mean is “where do you work?” and it’s awkward when you can’t have that conversation the way they expect. continue readinga librarian again 	dlf in pittsburgh (updated) this is just a really quick post to say that dlf forum is in my hometown, this year, and i'd love to meet up with some of my internet-and-conference friends, if travel and conference scheduling makes that a possibility for any of you! i live here, and most of our public transit is downtown-centered; i can come to you, or i can give you easy directions to meet me somewhere if you're feeling adventurous. continue readingdlf in pittsburgh archival connections archival connections project site 	platform monopolies and archives i am at the interpares trust north american team meeting in vancouver, and the issue of platform monopolies has risen to the top of my mind. here is a quick list of readings i&# ;ve thrown together while listening to and engaging in the discussion: for now, i don&# ;t have much to say, other than this: as a &# ; continue reading platform monopolies and archives 	sia workshop links just sharing a few links for use during the sia workshop i&# ;ll be teaching later today: google form for exercises sia workshop slides 	scaling machine-assisted description of historical records one of the questions i&# ;ve been grappling with as part of the archival connections research project is simple: is there a future for the finding aid?  i&# ;m inclined to think not, at least not in the form we are used to. looking to the future, i recently had the chance to propose something slightly different, and &# ; continue reading scaling machine-assisted description of historical records 	social feed manager takeaways later this week, i&# ;ll be introducing the archival connections project at the society of indiana archivists meeting.  during the first year of this project, one focus of my work was evaluating and developing some recommendations for using social feed manager, a tool developed by george washington university libraries. my full report is here, for those interested:  https://gwu-libraries.github.io/sfm-ui/resources/sfmreportprom .pdf. without &# ; continue reading social feed manager takeaways 	arrangement and description in the cloud: a preliminary analysis i&# ;m posting a preprint of some early work related to the archival connections project.  this work will be published as a book chapter/proceedings by the archiveschule in marburg.  in the meantime, here is the preprint: archival arrangement and description in the cloud a preliminary analysis 	installing social feed manager locally the easiest way to get started with social feed manager is to install docker on a local machine, such as a laptop or (preferably) desktop computer with a persistent internet connection. running sfm locally for anything other than testing purposes is not recommended. it will not be sufficient for a long-term documentation project and would &# ; continue reading installing social feed manager locally 	preserving email report summary earlier today, i provided a summary of preserving email, a technology watch report i wrote back in . i'll leave it to others to judge how well that report holds up, but i had the following takeaways when re-reading it: 	introducing archival connections welcome! this shares information from a five-year research project that i am coordinating at the university of illinois at urbana-champaign.  the project aims to make it easier for people to find and use the materials managed by archival repositories like the university of illinois archives, where i work.  you can read more about the project on the &# ; continue reading introducing archival connections let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols. – andromeda yelton 	skip to content 	 		 			 				 					 											 							 						 													andromeda yelton 										 				 									 						menu					 				 			 		 	 				 				home 	about 	contact 	resume 	hamlet 	lita 	talks 	machine learning (ala midwinter ) 	boston python meetup (august , ) 	swib 	libtechconf 	code lib keynote 	texas library association 	online northwest : five conversations about code 	new jersey esummit (may , ) 	westchester library association (january , ) 	bridging the digital divide with mobile services (webjunction, july ) 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 			 			let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols. 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 			 				november , 			 					 	 	 		 in , i trained a neural net on ~ k graduate theses using the doc vec algorithm, in hopes that doing so would provide a backend that could support novel and delightful discovery mechanisms for unique library content. the result, hamlet, worked better than i hoped; it not only pulls together related works from different departments (thus enabling discovery that can’t be supported with existing metadata), but it does a spirited job on documents whose topics are poorly represented in my initial data set (e.g. when given a fiction sample it finds theses from programs like media studies, even though there are few humanities theses in the data set). that said, there are a bunch of exploratory tools i’ve had in my head ever since that i’ve not gotten around to implementing. but here, in the spirit of tossing out things that don’t bring me joy (like ) and keeping those that do, i’m gonna make some data viz! there are only two challenges with this: 	by default doc vec embeds content in a -dimensional space, which is kind of hard to visualize. i need to project that down to or dimensions. i don’t actually know anything about dimensionality reduction techniques, other than that they exist. 	i also don’t know know javascript much beyond a copy-paste level. i definitely don’t know d , or indeed the pros and cons of various visualization libraries. also art. or, like, all that stuff in tufte’s book, which i bounced off of. (but aside from that, mr. lincoln, how was the play?) i decided i should start with the pages that display the theses most similar to a given thesis (shout-out to jeremy brown, startup founder par excellence) rather than with my ideas for visualizing the whole collection, because i’ll only need to plot ten or so points instead of k. this will make it easier for me to tell visually if i’m on the right track and should let me skip dealing with performance issues for now. on the down side, it means i may need to throw out any code i write at this stage when i’m working on the next one. 🤷‍♀️ and i now have a visualization on localhost! which you can’t see because i don’t trust it yet. but here are the problems i’ve solved thus far: 	it’s hard to copy-paste d examples on the internet. d ’s been around for long enough there’s substantial content about different versions, so you have to double-check. but also most of the examples are live code notebooks on observable, which is a wicked cool service but not the same environment as a web page! if you just copy-paste from there you will have things that don’t work due to invisible environment differences and then you will be sad. 😢 i got tipped off to this by mollie marie pettit’s great your first d scatterplot notebook, which both names the phenomenon and provides two versions of the code (the live-editable version and the one you can actually copy/paste into your editor). 	if you start googling for dimensionality reduction techniques you will mostly find people saying “use t-sne”, but t-sne is a lying liar who lies. mind you, it’s what i’m using right now because it’s so well-documented it was the easiest thing to set up. (this is why i said above that i don’t trust my viz.) but it produces different results for the same data on different pageloads (obviously different, so no one looking at the page will trust it either), and it’s not doing a good job preserving the distances i care about. (i accept that anything projecting from d down to d will need to distort distances, but i want to adequately preserve meaning — i want the visualization to not just look pretty but to give people an intellectually honest insight into the data — and i’m not there yet.) conveniently this is not my first time at the software engineering rodeo, so i encapsulated my dimensionality reduction strategy inside a function, and i can swap it out for whatever i like without needing to rewrite the d as long as i return the same data structure. so that’s my next goal — try out umap (hat tip to matt miller for suggesting that to me), try out pca, fiddle some parameters, try feeding it just the data i want to visualize vs larger neighborhoods, see if i’m happier with what i get. umap in particular alleges itself to be fast with large data sets, so if i can get it working here i should be able to leverage that knowledge for my ideas for visualizing the whole thing. onward, upward, et cetera. 🎉 			 			 			share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 like this: like loading... 	 	 			tagged 	fridai 	hamlet 	 	 			 				 					 		 		 			published by andromeda 		 		 			romantic analytical technologist librarian.			 				view all posts by andromeda			 		 	 		 			published 			november , 		 	 			 	 		post navigation 		previous post ai in the library, round one next post of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 	 			 	 			 			one thought on “let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols.”		 		 			 			 				pingback: though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. – andromeda yelton 			 		 		 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply 	enter your comment here... 	 	 		fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: 			 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 					email (required) (address never made public) 					 				 				 					name (required) 					 				 				 					website 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 				 				 						 			 			you are commenting using your wordpress.com account.			 				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( log out /  				change ) 			 			 		 					 	 		 	 	 		cancel 		connecting to %s 	 	 notify me of new comments via email. notify me of new posts via email. 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 						 				create a free website or blog at wordpress.com. 				 							 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 		 		 		 					 	 	 				 	 		 		privacy & cookies: this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. to find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: 				 			cookie policy		 		 		%d bloggers like this: dshr's blog: risc vs. cisc dshr's blog i'm david rosenthal, and this is a place to discuss the work i'm doing in digital preservation. tuesday, december , risc vs. cisc the architectural debate between complex instruction set computers (cisc) and reduced instruction set conputers (risc) really took off in the s: in particular, two projects at stanford university and the university of california, berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. stanford's mips would go on to be commercialized as the successful mips architecture, while berkeley's risc gave its name to the entire concept and was commercialized as the sparc. for the last decade or more the debate has seemed frozen, with the cisc x architecture dominating the server and desktop markets, while the risc arm architecture dominated the mobile market. but two recent developments are shaking things up. below the fold, some discussion. 	 	source last month, apple announced three products, mac mini, mac air, and " macbook pro based on their arm-based m chip to ecstatic reviews: the mac mini (and its new macbook air and -inch macbook pro siblings) has apple’s m system-on-a-chip, which includes an -core gpu, a cpu with four performance and four efficiency cores, a -core neural processing unit (npu) called the neural engine, and a whole bunch of other stuff. built on the arm instruction set architecture (arm isa), the m features billion transistors and was manufactured in a nm process. according to apple, each performance core in the m qualifies as the world’s fastest cpu core to date, while the efficiency cores match the performance of some recent intel macs. all three replace products using intel x chips, and the head-to-head comparisons showed the risc completely outclassing the cisc in a market segment it had dominated for decades. clearly this is a big deal. now, the are some obvious reasons why intel is at a disadvantage in these comparisons. apple's m is brand new, where the intel chips are a couple of years old. and the m uses a nm process, where intel has been struggling to upgrade its fabs: intel's press release also says that yields for its nm process are now twelve months behind the company's internal targets, meaning the company isn't currently on track to produce its nm process in an economically viable way. the company now says its nm cpus will not debut on the market until late or early . but the m also compares well to amd's nm x cpus so this isn't the whole explanation. erik engheim's why is apple’s m chip so fast? provides an excellent explanation for the lay audience. he starts from the basics (what is a microprocessor (cpu)?) and goes on to explain that whereas intel and amd make cpus that others build into systems such as pcs and servers, apple makes systems that are implemented as a single chip, a system-on-chip (soc). apple can do this where intel and amd can't because the soc isn't their product, their product is a mac that includes a soc as a component. one thing we understood when we started nvidia more than a quarter of a century ago was that custom silicon to perform critical functions, such as d graphics, was an essential component of a pc. but the custom silicon had to be a separate chip. we used a state-of-the-art nm process. at nm apple can put , times as many gates in the same chip area. so apple can include the precise set of additional custom processors that match the needs to the product. in this case, not just gpu cores, neural engine cores, but also two different implementations of the arm architecture, optimized for speed and optimized for efficiency to extend battery life. engheim explains the two main ways of making cpus faster using the same process and the same clock rate, multiple cores and out-of-order execution, and their limitations. in the server space, having lots of cores makes a lot of sense; the demand is for many simultaneous tasks from many simultaneous users, and the alternative to adding cores to a cpu is to add cpus to a server, which is more expensive. but in the pc space there is only one user, and although the demand will be for several simultaneous threads, once that demand is satisfied extra cores provide no benefit. the m 's cores are probably more than enough, which is indicated by apple envisaging that, most of the time, the low-power "efficiency" cores will do all the work. note that, in adding cores, the only advantage risc provides is that the simpler instruction set should make each core a bit smaller. not a big deal. but for compute-intensive tasks such as games, the other cores need to be fast. which is where out-of-order execution comes in, and risc turns out to have a big advantage. out-of-order execution means that instructions are fetched from memory, then decoded into "micro-operations", which can be thought of as instructions for the individual components of the core. the micro-operations are stored in a re-order buffer (rob), together with information about what data they need, and whether it is available. instead of executing the micro-operations for each instruction, then executing the micro-operations for the next instruction, the core looks through the rob finding micro-operations that have all the data they need and executing them. it does instructions as soon as it can, not waiting until the instruction before is complete. engheim explains the importance of the difference between the x rob and the m 's: it is because the ability to run fast depends on how quickly you can fill up the rob with micro-ops and with how many. the more quickly you fill it up and the larger it is the more opportunities you are given to pick instructions you can execute in parallel and thus improve performance. machine code instructions are chopped into micro-ops by what we call an instruction decoder. if we have more decoders we can chop up more instructions in parallel and thus fill up the rob faster. and this is where we see the huge differences. the biggest, baddest intel and amd microprocessor cores have four decoders, which means they can decode four instructions in parallel spitting out micro-ops. but apple has a crazy eight decoders. not only that but the rob is something like three times larger. you can basically hold three times as many instructions. no other mainstream chipmaker has that many decoders in their cpus. risc is the reason the m can have more decoders than x . engheim explains: you see, for x an instruction can be anywhere from – bytes long. on a risc chip instructions are fixed size. why is that relevant in this case? because splitting up a stream of bytes into instructions to feed into eight different decoders in parallel becomes trivial if every instruction has the same length. however, on an x cpu, the decoders have no clue where the next instruction starts. it has to actually analyze each instruction in order to see how long it is. the brute force way intel and amd deal with this is by simply attempting to decode instructions at every possible starting point. that means we have to deal with lots of wrong guesses and mistakes which has to be discarded. this creates such a convoluted and complicated decoder stage that it is really hard to add more decoders. but for apple, it is trivial in comparison to keep adding more. in fact, adding more causes so many other problems that four decoders according to amd itself is basically an upper limit for how far they can go. the result is that the m 's fast cores are effectively processing instructions twice as fast as intel's and amd's at the same clock frequency. and their efficiency cores are processing about as many using much less power. using much less power for the same workload is one of the main reasons arm dominates the mobile market, where battery life is crucial. that brings us to the second interesting recent risc development. arm isn't the only risc architecture, it is just by a long way the most successful. among the others with multiple practical implementations, risc-v is i believe unique; it is the only fully open-source risc architecture. 	 	source in new risc-v cpu claims recordbreaking performance per watt jim salter reports on a new implementation of risc-v that claims extraordinarily low power for quite respectable performance. micro magic's: new prototype cpu, which appears to be the fastest risc-v cpu in the world. micro magic adviser andy huang claimed the cpu could produce , coremarks (more on that later) at ghz and . v while also putting out , coremarks at . ghz—the latter all while consuming only mw. huang demonstrated the cpu—running on an odroid board—to ee times at . ghz/ . v and . ghz/ . v. later the same week, micro magic announced the same cpu could produce over , coremarks at ghz while consuming only mw of power. some caveats are necessary: 	the chip is a single-core prototype. 	the micro magic benchmarks are claimed, not independently verified. 	the coremark benchmark is an industry standard for embedded systems, it isn't an appropriate benchmark for pc-type systems such as use the cpus salter is comparing it to. 	the power efficiency is impressive, but the raw single-core performance is merely interesting. at ghz it is about / the performance of one of the m 's four fast cores. it is worth noting that the risc-v architecture has multiple instruction lengths, just much less baroque ones than x . so the rob advantage may be less. nevertheless, if micro magic's customers can deliver multi-core soc products they should provide much more compute for the same power as current embedded chips. salter is cautiously optimistic: all of this sounds very exciting—micro magic's new prototype is delivering solid smartphone-grade performance at a fraction of the power budget, using an instruction set that linux already runs natively on. ... micro magic intends to offer its new risc-v design to customers using an ip licensing model. the simplicity of the design—risc-v requires roughly one-tenth the opcodes that modern arm architecture does—further simplifies manufacturing concerns, since risc-v cpu designs can be built in shuttle runs, sharing space on a wafer with other designs. ... still, this is an exciting development. not only does the new design appear to perform well while massively breaking efficiency records, it's doing so with a far more ideologically open design than its competitors. the risc-v isa—unlike x , arm, and even mips—is open and provided under royalty-free licenses. p.s: more evidence of m 's impressive performance in liam tung's aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m – and it thrashes surface pro x. the surface pro x uses an arm chip co-developed by qualcomm and microsoft. posted by david. at : am labels: benchmarks, intellectual property comments: 	 david. said... 	 see also chris mellor's seagate says it's designed two of its own risc-v cpu cores – and they'll do more than just control storage drives: "seagate says it has, after several years of effort, designed two custom risc-v processor cores for what seems a range of functions including computational storage. the disk drive maker told us one of the homegrown cpus is focused on high performance, and the other is optimized for area, ie: it's less powerful though smaller and thus uses takes up less silicon on a die. both cores are said to include risc-v's security features, and are drive-agnostic, which means that they can be used with ssds as well as hard disk drives." 	 december , at : pm 	 ian adams said... 	 a minor nit, though i agree with all the architectural and design commentary around the rics vs cisc debate! the nanometer process used these days is a squirrelly a comparison on an actual performance and process basis. said better than i can phrase: "having looked at the above comparison, and highlighted it in his video, der auer challenges the obvious conclusion that intel nm+++ and tsmc nm are very similar in physical scale, reminding viewers that the above pictures don't fully represent the d structure that is so important to modern chip optimisation. moreover, the relationship between node size, half-pitch, and gate length has significantly loosened since the early s. the xxnm figure reflects process history more than progress, asserts the oc expert, and thus it isn't very useful as a metric to compare between chip makers. another metric, probably worth closer consideration is transistor density, as revealed by the chip fabricators. intel nm and tsmc nm processes both produce dies with approx million transistors per sq millimetre" https://hexus.net/tech/news/cpu/ -intel- nm-amdtsmc- nm-transistors-micro-compared/ *(full disclosure, i do work for intel labs, though i'm about a million miles away from anything touching cpus, still doing storage systems software work these days :) ) 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 simon sharwood reports from amazon's re:invent conference: "desantis said the reason that commercial upses and switch gears don’t meet its needs is that they’re designed for the many scenarios in which they’ll be put to work, rather than amazon’s requirements. the same logic goes into developing cpus, he said, arguing that the likes of intel and amd design products that will sell well by making them general-purpose devices. the result is processors that pack in features to make them suitable for more tasks. when raw power was needed, multi-core cpus were the answer. when utilisation rates of cpus became an issue, simultaneous multithreading came along. none of that tech ever left mainstream cpus, desantis argued, and the result is architectures ripe for side-channel attacks and which delivers variable performance (which is why the hpc crowd turn off smt)." the result is their arm-based graviton cpus: "aws would rather processors designed for the cloud. hence its investment in graviton, the many-core architecture and extra-large caches as they allow better per-core performance without the need for other trickery. the architecture is designed from the ground up for microservices, which aws sees as the dominant wave of software development. “graviton delivers . - times better performance/watt than any other cpu in our cloud,” desantis said." 	 december , at : am post a comment older post home subscribe to: post comments (atom) blog rules posts and comments are copyright of their respective authors who, by posting or commenting, license their work under a creative 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january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  february ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) lockss system has permission to collect, preserve, and serve this archival unit. 	 	 simple theme. powered by blogger. coyle's information coyle's information comments on the digital age, which, as we all know, is . thursday, june , women designing those of us in the library community are generally aware of our premier "designing woman," the so-called "mother of marc," henriette avram. avram designed the machine reading cataloging record in the mid- 's, a record format that is still being used today. marc was way ahead of its time using variable length data fields and a unique character set that was sufficient for most european languages, all thanks to avram's vision and skill. i'd like to introduce you here to some of the designing women of the university of california library automation project, the project that created one of the first online catalogs in the beginning of the 's, melvyl. briefly, melvyl was a union catalog that combined data from the libraries of the nine (at that time) university of california campuses. it was first brought up as a test system in and went "live" to the campuses in . work on the catalog began in or around , and various designs were put forward and tested. key designers were linda gallaher-brown, who had one of the first masters degrees in computer science from ucla, and kathy klemperer, who like many of us was a librarian turned systems designer. we were struggling with how to create a functional relational database of bibliographic data (as defined by the marc record) with computing resources that today would seem laughable but were "cutting edge" for that time. i remember linda remarking that during one of her school terms she returned to her studies to learn that the newer generation of computers would have this thing called an "operating system" and she thought "why would you need one?" by the time of this photo she had come to appreciate what an operating system could do for you. the one we used at the time was ibm's os / . kathy klemperer was the creator of the database design diagrams that were so distinctive we called them "klemperer-grams." here's one from : 	 	melvyl database design klemperer-gram, drawn and lettered by hand, not only did these describe a workable database design, they were impressively beautiful. note that this not only predates the proposed rda "database scenario" for a relational bibliographic design by years, it provides a more detailed and most likely a more accurate such design. 	 	rda "scenario " data design, in the early days of the catalog we had a separate file and interface for the cataloged serials based on a statewide project (including the california state universities). although it was possible to catalog serials in the marc format, the systems that had the detailed information about which issues the libraries held was stored in serials control databases that were separate from the library catalog, and many serials were represented by crusty cards that had been created decades before library automation. the group below developed and managed the calls (california academic library list of serials). four of those pictured were programmers, two were serials data specialists, and four had library degrees. obviously, these are overlapping sets. the project heads were barbara radke (right) and theresa montgomery (front, second from right). at one point while i was still working on the melvyl project, but probably around the very late 's or early 's, i gathered up some organization charts that had been issued over the years and quickly calculated that during its history the project the technical staff that had created this early marvel had varied from / to / female. i did some talks at various conferences in which i called melvyl a system "created by women." at my retirement in i said the same thing in front of the entire current staff, and it was not well-received by all. in that audience was one well-known member of the profession who later declared that he felt women needed more mentoring in technology because he had always worked primarily with men, even though he had indeed worked in an organization with a predominantly female technical staff, and another colleague who was incredulous when i stated once that women are not a minority, but over % of the world's population. he just couldn't believe it. while outright discrimination and harassment of women are issues that need to be addressed, the invisibility of women in the eyes of their colleagues and institutions is horribly damaging. there are many interesting projects, not the least the wikipedia women in red, that aim to show that there is no lack of accomplished women in the world, it's the acknowledgment of their accomplishments that falls short. in the library profession we have many women whose stories are worth telling. please, let's make sure that future generations know that they have foremothers to look to for inspiration. posted by karen coyle at : am comment: labels: library catalogs, library history, open data, women and technology monday, may , i've been trying to capture what i remember about the early days of library automation. mostly my memory is about fun discoveries in my particular area (processing marc records into the online catalog). i did run into an offprint of some articles in ital from (*) which provide very specific information about the technical environment, and i thought some folks might find that interesting. this refers to the university of california melvyl union catalog, which at the time had about , records. operating system: ibm / programming language: pl/i cpu: megabytes of memory storage: disk drives, ~ gigabytes dbms: adabas the disk drives were each about the size of an industrial washing machine. in fact, we referred to the room that held them as "the laundromat." telecommunications was a big deal because there was no telecommunications network linking the libraries of the university of california. there wasn't even one connecting the campuses at all. the article talks about the various possibilities, from an x. network to the new tcp/ip protocol that allows "internetwork communication." the first network was a set of dedicated lines leased from the phone company that could transmit characters per second (character = byte) to about ascii terminals at each campus over a baud line. there was a hope to be able to double the number of terminals. in the speculation about the future, there was doubt that it would be possible to open up the library system to folks outside of the uc campuses, much less internationally. (melvyl was one of the early libraries to be open access worldwide over the internet, just a few years later.) it was also thought that libraries would charge other libraries to view their catalogs, kind of like an inter-library loan. and for anyone who has an interest in z . , one section of the article by david shaughnessy and clifford lynch on telecommunications outlines a need for catalog-to-catalog communication which sounds very much like the first glimmer of that protocol. ----- (*) various authors in a special edition: ( ). in-depth: university of california melvyl. information technology and libraries, ( ) i wish i could give a better citation but my offprint does not have page numbers and i can't find this indexed anywhere. (cue here the usual irony that libraries are terrible at preserving their own story.) posted by karen coyle at : am no comments: labels: library catalogs, library history monday, april , ceci n'est pas une bibliothèque on march , , the internet archive announced that it would "suspend waitlists for the . million (and growing) books in our lending library," a service they then named the national emergency library. these books were previously available for lending on a one-to-one basis with the physical book owned by the archive, and as with physical books users would have to wait for the book to be returned before they could borrow it. worded as a suspension of waitlists due to the closure of schools and libraries caused by the presence of the coronavirus- , this announcement essentially eliminated the one-to-one nature of the archive's controlled digital lending program. publishers were already making threatening noises about the digital lending when it adhered to lending limitations, and surely will be even more incensed about this unrestricted lending. i am not going to comment on the legality of the internet archive's lending practices. legal minds, perhaps motivated by future lawsuits, will weigh in on that. i do, however, have much to say on the use of the term "library" for this set of books. it's a topic worthy of a lengthy treatment, but i'll give only a brief account here. library … bibliothÈque … bibliotek the roots “libr…” and “biblio…” both come down to us from ancient words for trees and tree bark. it is presumed that said bark was the surface for early writings. “libr…”, from the latin word liber meaning “book,” in many languages is a prefix that indicates a bookseller’s shop, while in english it has come to mean a collection of books and from that also the room or building where books are kept. “biblio…” derives instead from the greek biblion (one book) and biblia (books, plural). we get the word bible through the greek root, which leaked into old latin and meant the book. therefore it is no wonder that in the minds of many people, books = library.  in fact, most libraries are large collections of books, but that does not mean that every large collection of books is a library. amazon has a large number of books, but is not a library; it is a store where books are sold. google has quite a few books in its "book search" and even allows you to view portions of the books without payment, but it is also not a library, it's a search engine. the internet archive, amazon, and google all have catalogs of metadata for the books they are offering, some of it taken from actual library catalogs, but a catalog does not make a quantity of books into a library. after all, home depot has a catalog, walmart has a catalog; in essence, any business with an inventory has a catalog. "...most libraries are large collections of books, but that does not mean that every large collection of books is a library." the library test first, i want to note that the internet archive has met the state of california test to be defined as a library, and this has made it possible for the archive to apply for library-related grants for some of its projects. that is a good thing because it has surely strengthened the archive and its activities. however, it must be said that the state of california requirements are pretty minimal, and seem to be limited to a non-profit organization making materials available to the general public without discrimination. there doesn't seem to be a distinction between "library" and "archive" in the state legal code, although librarians and archivists would not generally consider them easily lumped together as equivalent services. the collection the archive's blog post says "the internet archive currently lends about as many as a us library that serves a population of about , ." as a comparison, i found in the statistics gathered by the california state library those of the benicia public library in benicia california. benicia is a city with a population of , ; the library has about , books. well, you might say, that's not as good as over one million books at the internet archive. but, here's the thing: those are not , random books, they are books chosen to be, as far as the librarians could know, the best books for that small city. if benicia residents were, for example, primarily chinese-speaking, the library would surely have many books in chinese. if the city had a large number of young families then the children's section would get particular attention. the users of the internet archive's books are a self-selected (and currently un-defined) set of internet users. equally difficult to define is the collection that is available to them: this library brings together all the books from phillips academy andover and marygrove college, and much of trent university’s collections, along with over a million other books donated from other libraries to readers worldwide that are locked out of their libraries. each of these is (or was, in the case of marygrove, which has closed) a collection tailored to the didactic needs of that institution. how one translates that, if one can, to the larger internet population is unknown. that a collection has served a specific set of users does not mean that it can serve all users equally well. then there is that other million books, which are a complete black box. library science i've argued before against dumping a large and undistinguished set of books on a populace, regardless of the good intentions of those doing so. why not give the library users of a small city these one million books? the main reason is the ability of the library to fulfill the laws of library science: 	books are for use. 	every reader his or her book. 	every book its reader. 	save the time of the reader. 	the library is a growing organism. [ ] the online collection of the internet archive nicely fulfills laws and : the digital books are designed for use, and the library can grow somewhat indefinitely. the other three laws are unfortunately hindered by the somewhat haphazard nature of the set of books, combined with the lack of user services. of the goals of librarianship, matching readers to books is the most difficult. let's start with law , "every book its reader." when you follow the url to the national emergency library, you see something like this: the lack of cover art is not the problem here. look at what books you find: two meeting reports, one journal publication, and a book about hand surgery, all from . scroll down for a bit and you will find it hard to locate items that are less obscure than this, although undoubtedly there are some good reads in this collection. these are not the books whose readers will likely be found in our hypothetical small city. these are books that even some higher education institutions would probably choose not to have in their collections. while these make the total number of available books large, they may not make the total number of useful books large. winnowing this set to one or more (probably more) wheat-filled collections could greatly increase the usability of this set of books. "while these make the total number of available books large, they may not make the total number of useful books large." a large "anything goes" set of documents is a real challenge for laws and : every reader his or her book, and save the time of the reader. the more chaff you have the harder it is for a library user to find the wheat they are seeking. the larger the collection the more of the burden is placed on the user to formulate a targeted search query and to have the background to know which items to skip over. the larger the retrieved set, the less likely that any user will scroll through the entire display to find the best book for their purposes. this is the case for any large library catalog, but these libraries have built their collection around a particular set of goals. those goals matter. goals are developed to address a number of factors, like: 	what are the topics of interest to my readers and my institution? 	how representative must my collection be in each topic area? 	what are the essential works in each topic area? 	what depth of coverage is needed for each topic? [ ] if we assume (and we absolutely must assume this) that the user entering the library is seeking information that he or she lacks, then we cannot expect users to approach the library as an expert in the topic being researched. although anyone can type in a simple query, fewer can assess the validity and the scope of the results. a search on "california history" in the national emergency library yields some interesting-looking books, but are these the best books on the topic? are any key titles missing? these are the questions that librarians answer when developing collections. the creation of a well-rounded collection is a difficult task. there are actual measurements that can be run against library collections to determine if they have the coverage that can be expected compared to similar libraries. i don't know if any such statistical packages can look beyond quantitative measures to judge the quality of the collection; the ones i'm aware of look at call number ranges, not individual titles.  there library service the archive's own documentation states that "the internet archive focuses on preservation and providing access to digital cultural artifacts. for assistance with research or appraisal, you are bound to find the information you seek elsewhere on the internet." after which it advises people to get help through their local public library. helping users find materials suited to their need is a key service provided by libraries. when i began working in libraries in the dark ages of the 's, users generally entered the library and went directly to the reference desk to state the question that brought them to the institution. this changed when catalogs went online and were searchable by keyword, but prior to then the catalog in a public library was primarily a tool for librarians to use when helping patrons. still, libraries have real or virtual reference desks because users are not expected to have the knowledge of libraries or of topics that would allow them to function entirely on their own. and while this is true for libraries it is also true, perhaps even more so, for archives whose collections can be difficult to navigate without specialized information. admitting that you give no help to users seeking materials makes the use of the term "library" ... unfortunate. what is to be done? there are undoubtedly a lot of useful materials among the digital books at the internet archive. however, someone needing materials has no idea whether they can expect to find what they need in this amalgamation. the burden of determining whether the archive's collection might suit their needs is left entirely up to the members of this very fuzzy set called "internet users." that the collection lends at the rate of a public library serving a population of , shows that it is most likely under-utilized. because the nature of the collection is unknown one can't approach, say, a teacher of middle-school biology and say: "they've got what you need." yet the archive cannot implement a policy to complete areas of the collection unless it knows what it has as compared to known needs. "... these warehouses of potentially readable text will remain under-utilized until we can discover a way to make them useful in the ways that libraries have proved to be useful." i wish i could say that a solution would be simple - but it would not. for example, it would be great to extract from this collection works that are commonly held in specific topic areas in small, medium and large libraries. the statistical packages that analyze library holdings all are, afaik, proprietary. (if anyone knows of an open source package that does this, please shout it out!) if would also be great to be able to connect library collections of analog books to their digital equivalents. that too is more complex than one would expect, and would have to be much simpler to be offered openly. [ ] while some organizations move forward with digitizing books and other hard copy materials, these warehouses of potentially readable text will remain under-utilized until we can discover a way to make them useful in the ways that libraries have proved to be useful. this will mean taking seriously what modern librarianship has developed over its circa centuries, and in particular those laws that give us a philosophy to guide our vision of service to the users of libraries. ----- [ ] even if you are familiar with the laws you may not know that ranganathan was not as succinct as this short list may imply. the book in which he introduces these concepts is over pages long, with extended definitions and many homey anecdotes and stories. [ ] a search on "collection development policy" will yield many pages of policies that you can peruse. to make this a "one click" here are a few *non-representative* policies that you can take a peek at: 	hennepin county (public) 	lansing community college (community college) 	stanford university, science library (research library) [ ] dan scott and i did a project of this nature with a bay area public library and it took a huge amount of human intervention to determine whether the items matched were really "equivalent". that's a discussion for another time, but, man, books are more complicated than they appear. posted by karen coyle at : am no comments: labels: books, digital libraries, openlibrary monday, february , use the leader, luke! if you learned the marc format "on the job" or in some other library context you may have learned that the record is structured as fields with -digit tags, each with two numeric indicators, and that subfields have a subfield indicator (often shown as "$" because it is a non-printable character) and a single character subfield code (a-z, - ). that is all true for the marc records that libraries create and process, but the machine readable cataloging standard (z . or iso ) has other possibilities that we are not using. our "marc" (currently marc ) is a single selection from among those possibilities, in essence an application profile of the marc standard. the key to the possibilities afforded by marc is in the marc leader, and in particular in two positions that our systems generally ignore because they always contain the same values in our data: leader byte -- indicator count leader byte -- subfield code length in marc records, leader byte is always " " meaning that fields have -byte indicators, and leader byte is always because the subfield code is always two characters in length. that was a decision made early on in the life of marc records in libraries, and it's easy to forget that there were other options that were not taken. let's take a short look at the possibilities the record format affords beyond our choice. both of these leader positions are single bytes that can take values from to . an application could use the marc record format and have zero indicators. it isn't hard to imagine an application that has no need of indicators or that has determined to make use of subfields in their stead. as an example, the provenance of vocabulary data for thesauri like lcsh or the art and architecture thesaurus could always be coded in a subfield rather than in an indicator: $a religion and science $ lcsh another common use of indicators in marc is to give a byte count for the non-filing initial articles on title strings. istead of using an indicator value for this some libraries outside of the us developed a non-printing code to make the beginning and end of the non-filing portion. i'll use backslashes to represent these codes in this example: $a \the \birds of north america i am not saying that all indicators in marc should or even could be eliminated, but that we shouldn't assume that our current practice is the only way to code data. in the other direction, what if you could have more than two indicators? the marc record would allow you have have as many as nine. in addition, there is nothing to say that each byte in the indicator has to be a separate data element; you could have nine indicator positions that were defined as two data elements ( + ), or some other number ( + + ). expanding the number of indicators, or beginning with a larger number, could have prevented the split in provenance codes for subject vocabularies between one indicator value and the overflow subfield, $ , when the number exceeded the capability of a single numerical byte. having three or four bytes for those codes in the indicator and expanding the values to include a-z would have been enough to include the full list of authorities for the data in the indicators. (although i would still prefer putting them all in $ using the mnemonic codes for ease of input.) in the first university of california union catalog in the early 's we expanded the marc indicators to hold an additional two bytes (or was it four?) so that we could record, for each marc field, which library had contributed it. our union catalog record was a composite marc record with fields from any and all of the over libraries across the university of california system that contributed to the union catalog as dozen or so separate record feeds from oclc and rlin. we treated the added indicator bytes as sets of bits, turning on bits to represent the catalog feeds from the libraries. if two or more libraries submitted exactly the same marc field we stored the field once and turned on a bit for each separate library feed. if a library submitted a field for a record that was new to the record, we added the field and turned on the appropriate bit. when we created a user display we selected fields from only one of the libraries. (the rules for that selection process were something of a secret so as not to hurt anyone's feelings, but there was a "best" record for display.) it was a multi-library marc record, made possible by the ability to use more than two indicators. now on to the subfield code. the rule for marc is that there is a single subfield code and that is a lower case a-z and - . the numeric codes have special meaning and do not vary by field; the alphabetic codes aare a bit more flexible. that gives use possible subfields per tag, plus the pre-defined numeric ones. the marc standard has chosen to limit the alphabetic subfield codes to lower case characters. as the fields reached the limits of the available subfield codes (and many did over time) you might think that the easiest solution would be to allow upper case letters as subfield codes. although the subfield code limitation was reached decades ago for some fields i can personally attest to the fact that suggesting the expansion of subfield codes to upper case letters was met with horrified glares at the marc standards meeting. while clearly in the range of a-z seemed ample, that has not be the case for nearly half of the life-span of marc. the marc leader allows one to define up to characters total for subfield codes. the value in this leader position includes the subfield delimiter so this means that you can have a subfield delimiter and up to characters to encode a subfield. even expanding from a-z to aa-zz provides vastly more possibilities, and allow upper case as well give you a dizzying array of choices. the other thing to mention is that there is no prescription that field tags must be numeric. they are limited to three characters in the marc standard, but those could be a-z, a-z, - , not just - , greatly expanding the possibilities for adding new tags. in fact, if you have been in the position to view internal systems records in your vendor system you may have been able to see that non-numeric tags have been used for internal system purposes, like noting who made each edit, whether functions like automated authority control have been performed on the record, etc. many of the "violations" of the marc rules listed here have been exploited internally -- and since early days of library systems. there are other modifiable leader values, in particular the one that determines the maximum length of a field, leader . marc has leader set at " " meaning that fields cannot be longer than . that could be longer, although the record size itself is set at only bytes, so a record cannot be longer than . however, one could limit fields to (leader value set at " ") for an application that does less pre-composing of data compared to marc and therefore comfortably fits within a shorter field length.  the reason that has been given, over time, why none of these changes were made was always: it's too late, we can't change our systems now. this is, as caesar might have said, cacas tauri. systems have been able to absorb some pretty intense changes to the record format and its contents, and a change like adding more subfield codes would not be impossible. the problem is not really with the marc record but with our inability (or refusal) to plan and execute the changes needed to evolve our systems. we could sit down today and develop a plan and a timeline. if you are skeptical, here's an example of how one could manage a change in length to the subfield codes: a marc record is retrieved for editing 	read the leader of the marc record 	if the value is " " and you need to add a new subfield that uses the subfield code plus two characters, convert all of the subfield codes in the record: 	$a becomes $aa, $b becomes $ba, etc. 	$ becomes $ , $ becomes $ , etc. 	leader code is changed to " " 	(alternatively, convert all records opened for editing) a marc record is retrieved for display 	read the leader of the marc record 	if the value is " " use the internal table of subfield codes for records with the value " " 	if the value is " " use the internal table of subfield codes for records with the value " " sounds impossible? we moved from aacr to aacr , and now from aacr to rda without going back and converting all of our records to the new content.  we have added new fields to our records, such as the , , for rda values, without converting all of the earlier records in our files to have these fields. the same with new subfields, like $ , which has only been added in recent years. our files have been using mixed record types for at least a couple of generations -- generations of systems and generations of catalogers. alas, the time to make these kinds of changes this was many years ago. would it be worth doing today? that depends on whether we anticipate a change to bibframe (or some other data format) in the near future. changes do continue to be made to the marc record; perhaps it would have a longer future if we could broach the subject of fixing some of the errors that were introduced in the past, in particular those that arose because of the limitations of marc that could be rectified with an expansion of that record standard. that may also help us not carry over some of the problems in marc that are caused by these limitations to a new record format that does not need to be limited in these ways. epilogue although the marc  record was incredibly advanced compared to other data formats of its time (the mid- 's), it has some limitations that cannot be overcome within the standard itself. one obvious one is the limitation of the record length to bytes. another is the fact that there are only two levels of nesting of data: the field and the subfield. there are times when a sub-subfield would be useful, such as when adding information that relates to only one subfield, not the entire field (provenance, external url link). i can't advocate for continuing the data format that is often called "binary marc" simply because it has limitations that require work-arounds. marcxml, as defined as a standard, gets around the field and record length limitations, but it is not allowed to vary from the marc limitations on field and subfield coding. it would be incredibly logical to move to a "non-binary" record format (xml, json, etc.) beginning with the existing marc and  to allow expansions where needed. it is the stubborn adherence to the iso format really has limited library data, and it is all the more puzzling because other solutions that can keep the data itself intact have been available for many decades. posted by karen coyle at : am no comments: labels: marc tuesday, january , pamflets i was always a bit confused about the inclusion of "pamflets" in the subtitle of the decimal system, such as this title page from the edition: did libraries at the time collect numerous pamphlets? for them to be the second-named type of material after books was especially puzzling. i may have discovered an answer to my puzzlement, if not the answer, in andrea costadoro's work: a "pamphlet" in was not (necessarily) what i had in mind, which was a flimsy publication of the type given out by businesses, tourist destinations, or public health offices. in the 's it appears that a pamphlet was a literary type, not a physical format. costadoro says: "it has been a matter of discussion what books should be considered pamphlets and what not. if this appellation is intended merely to refer to the size of the book, the question can be scarecely worth considering ; but if it is meant to refer to the nature of a work, it may be considered to be of the same class and to stand in the same connexion with the word treatise as the words tract ; hints ; remarks ; &c, when these terms are descriptive of the nature of the books to which they are affixed." (p. ) to be on the shelves of libraries, and cataloged, it is possible that these pamphlets were indeed bound, perhaps by the library itself.  the library of congress genre list today has a cross-reference from "pamphlet" to "tract (ephemera)". while costadoro's definition doesn't give any particular subject content to the type of work, lc's definition says that these are often issued by religious or political groups for proselytizing. so these are pamphlets in the sense of the political pamphlets of our revolutionary war. today they would be blog posts, or articles in buzzfeed or slate or any one of hundreds of online sites that post such content. churches i have visited often have short publications available near the entrance, and there is always the watchtower, distributed by jehovah's witnesses at key locations throughout the world, and which is something between a pamphlet (in the modern sense) and a journal issue. these are probably not gathered in most libraries today. in dewey's time the printing (and collecting by libraries) of sermons was quite common. in a world where many people either were not literate or did not have access to much reading material, the sunday sermon was a "long form" work, read by a pastor who was probably not as eloquent as the published "stars" of the sunday gatherings. some sermons were brought together into collections and published, others were published (and seemingly bound) on their own.  dewey is often criticized for the bias in his classification, but what you find in the early editions serves as a brief overview of the printed materials that the us (and mostly east coast) culture of that time valued.  what now puzzles me is what took the place of these tracts between the time of dewey and the web. i can find archives of political and cultural pamphlets in various countries and they all seem to end around the 's- 's, although some specific collections, such as the samizdat publications in the soviet union, exist in other time periods. of course the other question now is: how many of today's tracts and treatises will survive if they are not published in book form? posted by karen coyle at : pm no comments: labels: classification, library history saturday, november , the work the word "work" generally means something brought about by human effort, and at times implies that this effort involves some level of creativity. we talk about "works of art" referring to paintings hanging on walls. the "works" of beethoven are a large number of musical pieces that we may have heard. the "works" of shakespeare are plays, in printed form but also performed. in these statements the "work" encompasses the whole of the thing referred to, from the intellectual content to the final presentation. this is not the same use of the term as is found in the library reference model (lrm). if you are unfamiliar with the lrm, it is the successor to frbr (which i am assuming you have heard of) and it includes the basic concepts of work, expression, manifestation and item that were first introduced in that previous study. "work," as used in the lrm is a concept designed for use in library cataloging data. it is narrower than the common use of the term illustrated in the previous paragraph and is defined thus: class: work definition: an abstract notion of an artistic or intellectual creation. in this definition the term only includes the idea of a non-corporeal conceptual entity, not the totality that would be implied in the phrase "the works of shakespeare." that totality is described when the work is realized through an lrm-defined "expression" which in turn is produced in an lrm-defined "manifestation" with an lrm-defined "item" as its instance.* these four entities are generally referred to as a group with the acronym wemi. because many in the library world are very familiar with the lrm definition of work, we have to use caution when using the word outside the specific lrm environment. in particular, we must not impose the lrm definition on uses of the work that are not intending that meaning. one should expect that the use of the lrm definition of work would be rarely found in any conversation that is not about the library cataloging model for which it was defined. however, it is harder to distinguish uses within the library world where one might expect the use to be adherent to the lrm. to show this, i want to propose a particular use case. let's say that a very large bibliographic database has many records of bibliographic description. the use case is that it is deemed to be easier for users to navigate that large database if they could get search results that cluster works rather than getting long lists of similar or nearly identical bibliographic items. logically the cluster looks like this: in data design, it will have a form something like this: this is a great idea, and it does appear to have a similarity to the lrm definition of work: it is gathering those bibliographic entries that are judged to represent the same intellectual content. however, there are reasons why the lrm-defined work could not be used in this instance. the first is that there is only one wemi relationship for work, and that is from lrm work to lrm expression. clearly the bibliographic records in this large library catalog are not lrm expressions; they are full bibliographic descriptions including, potentially, all of the entities defined in the lrm. to this you might say: but there is expression data in the bibliographic record, so we can think of this work as linking to the expression data in that record. that leads us to the second reason: the entities of wemi are defined as being disjoint. that means that no single "thing" can be more than one of those entities; nothing can be simultaneously a work and an expression, or any other combination of wemi entities. so if the only link we have available in the model is from work to expression, unless we can somehow convince ourselves that the bibliographic record only represents the expression (which it clearly does not since it has data elements from at least three of the lrm entities) any such link will violate the rule of disjointness. therefore, the work in our library system can have much in common with the conceptual definition of the lrm work, but it is not the same work entity as is defined in that model. this brings me back to my earlier blog post with a proposal for a generalized definition of wemi-like entities for created works.  the wemi concepts are useful in practice, but the lrm model has some constraints that prevent some desirable uses of those entities. providing unconstrained entities would expand the utility of the wemi concepts both within the library community, as evidenced by the use case here, and in the non-library communities that i highlight in that previous blog post and in a slide presentation. to be clear, "unconstrained" refers not only to the removal of the disjointness between entities, but also to allow the creation of links between the wemi entities and non-wemi entities, something that is not anticipated in the lrm. the work cluster of bibliographic records would need a general relationship, perhaps, as in the case of viaf, linked through a shared cluster identifier and an entity type identifying the cluster as representing an unconstrained work. ---- * the other terms are defined in the lrm as: class: expression definition: a realization of a single work usually in a physical form. class: manifestation definition: the physical embodiment of one or more expressions. class: item definition: an exemplar of a single manifestation. posted by karen coyle at : am no comments: labels: frbr, library catalogs, lrm, metadata monday, april , i, too, want answers around - i worked on the reference desk at my local public library. for those too young to remember, this was a time when all information was in paper form, and much of that paper was available only at the library. the internet was just a twinkle in the eye of some scientists at darpa, and none of us had any idea what kind of information environment was in our future.* the library had a card catalog and the latest thing was that check-outs were somehow recorded on microfilm, as i recall. as you entered the library the reference desk was directly in front of you in the prime location in the middle of the main room. a large number of library users went directly to the desk upon entering. some of these users had a particular research in mind: a topic, an author, or a title. they came to the reference desk to find the quickest route to what they sought. the librarian would take them to the card catalog, would look up the entry, and perhaps even go to the shelf with the user to look for the item.** there was another type of reference request: a request for facts, not resources. if one wanted to know what was the population of milwaukee, or how many slot machines there were in saudia arabia***, one turned to the library for answers. at the reference desk we had a variety of reference materials: encyclopedias, almanacs, dictionaries, atlases. the questions that we could answer quickly were called "ready reference." these responses were generally factual. because the ready reference service didn't require anything of the user except to ask the question, we also provided this service over the phone to anyone who called in. we considered ourselves at the forefront of modern information services when someone would call and ask us: "who won best actor in ?" ok, it probably was a bar bet or a crossword puzzle clue but we answered, proud of ourselves. i was reminded of all this by a recent article in wired magazine, "alexa, i want answers."[ ] the argument as presented in the article is that what people really want is an answer; they don't want to dig through books and journals at the library; they don't even want an online search that returns a page of results; what they want is to ask a question and get an answer, a single answer. what they want is "ready reference" by voice, in their own home, without having to engage with a human being. the article is about the development of the virtual, voice-first, answer machine: alexa. there are some obvious observations to be made about this. the glaringly obvious one is that not all questions lend themselves to a single, one sentence answer. even a question that can be asked concisely may not have a concise answer. one that i recall from those long-ago days on the reference desk was the question: "when did the vietnam war begin?" to answer this you would need to clarify a number of things: on whose part? us? france? exactly what do you mean by begin? first personnel? first troops? even with these details in hand experts would differ in their answers. another observation is that in the question/answer method over a voice device like alexa, replying with a lengthy answer is not foreseen. voice-first systems are backed by databases of facts, not explanatory texts. like a gps system they take facts and render them in a way that seems conversational. your gps doesn't reply with the numbers of longitude and latitude, and your weather app wraps the weather data in phrases like: "it's degrees outside and might rain later today." it doesn't, however, offer a lengthy discourse on the topic. just the facts, ma'am.[ ] it is very troubling that we have no measure of the accuracy of these answers. there are quite a few anecdotes about wrong answers (especially amusing ones) from voice assistants, but i haven't seen any concerted studies of the overall accuracy rate. studies of this nature were done in the 's and 's on library reference services, and the results were shocking. even though library reference was done by human beings who presumably would be capable of detecting wrong answers, the accuracy of answers hovered around - %.[ ] repeated studies came up with similar results, and library journals were filled with articles about this problem. the  solution offered was to increase training of reference staff. before the problem could be resolved, however, users who previously had made use of "ready reference" had moved on to in-sourcing their own reference questions by using the new information system: the internet. if there still is ready reference occuring in libraries, it is undoubtedly greatly reduced in the number of questions asked, and it doesn't appear that studying the accuracy is on our minds today. i have one final observation, and that is that we do not know the source(s) of the information behind the answers given by voice assistants. the companies behind these products have developed databases that are not visible to us, and no source information is given for individual answers. the voice-activated machines themselves are not the main product: they are mere user interfaces, dressed up with design elements that make them appealing as home decor. the data behind the machines is what is being sold, and is what makes the machines useful. with all of the recent discussion of algorithmic bias in artificial intelligence we should be very concerned about where these answers come from, and we should seriously consider if "answers" to some questions are even appropriate or desirable. now, i have question: how is it possible that so much of our new technology is based on so little intellectual depth? is reductionism an essential element of technology,  or could we do better? i'm not going to ask alexa**** for an answer to that. [ ] vlahos, james. “alexa, i want answers.” wired, vol. , no. , mar. , p. . (try ebsco) [ ] weech, terry l. “review of the accuracy of telephone reference/information services in academic libraries: two studies.” the library quarterly: information, community, policy, vol. , no. , , pp. – . [ ] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/joe_friday * the only computers we saw were the ones on star trek ( ), and those were clearly a fiction. ** this was also the era in which the gas station attendent pumped your gas, washed your windows, and checked your oil while you waited in your car. *** the question about saudia arabia is one that i actually got. i also got the one about whether there were many "colored people" in haiti. i don't remember how i answered the former, but i do remember that the user who asked the latter was quite disappointed with the answer. i think he decided not to go. **** which i do not have; i find it creepy even though i can imagine some things for which it could be useful. posted by karen coyle at : am no comments: labels: knowledge organization older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) copyright coyle's information by karen coyle is licensed under a creative commons attribution-noncommercial . united states license. karen karen coyle where i'll be 	dc , 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) 	 reading ( ) 	 schema.org ( ) 	 search ( ) 	 vocabularies ( ) 	 wikipedia ( ) 	 knowledge organization ( ) 	 privacy ( ) 	 women ( ) 	 drm ( ) 	 foaf ( ) 	 lrm ( ) 	 rfid ( ) 	 shacl ( ) 	 application profiles ( ) 	 lcsh intell ( ) 	 linux ( ) 	 names ( ) 	 politics ( ) 	 about me 	 karen coyle 	berkeley, ca, united states 	librarian, techie, social commentator, once called "public intellectual" by someone who couldn't think of a better title. view my complete profile 	 	 simple theme. theme images by gaffera. powered by blogger. dshr's blog: max: the case against boeing dshr's blog i'm david rosenthal, and this is a place to discuss the work i'm doing in digital preservation. tuesday, november , max: the case against boeing the title of alec mcgillis' the case against boeing is misleading. samya stumo, one of the victims of the second max crash was the daughter of a niece of ralph nader: they were the first american family to sue boeing, accusing the company of gross negligence and recklessness. mcgillis certainly does discuss some of the ways the culture of douglas led to boeing's malfeasance, including blaming the pilots: boeing seemed to believe that pilot error had caused the crash. in its response to an initial indonesian government report, it highlighted the contrasting reactions of the crew on the doomed flight and the crew the day before, saying that the pilots on the second day had not followed the standard “runaway trim” procedures. but that's not really what the article is about. follow me below the fold as i try to tease out the real story mcgillis tells, and then add more news on the topic. nader understands that boeing needs to be held responsible, because: taken together, the reports suggested that boeing had put all the risk on the pilot, who would be expected to know what to do within seconds if a system he didn’t know existed set off a welter of cockpit alerts and forced the plane downward. “an airplane shouldn’t put itself in a position where the pilots have to act heroically to save the plane,” the veteran u.s. commercial-airline pilot told me. “pilots shouldn’t have to be superhuman. planes are built to be flown by normal people.” gregory travis, the pilot and software engineer, said, “mcas sealed their fate. everything that comes after that is noise.” but nader also understands that the major responsibility lies with congress. since the crash, nader and his family: have made more than a dozen trips to washington—a routine they expect to continue: they recently found an apartment in town. they have met separately with two dozen members of congress, and with the heads of the federal aviation administration and the national transportation safety board, and testified before a house committee. ... they got a meeting for themselves and eleven other victims’ families with elaine chao, the secretary of transportation. mcgillis writes: the government used to provide a counterweight to corporations that compromised safety. owing in great part to the activism of nader and his allies, in the late sixties and early seventies agencies such as the national highway traffic safety administration, the occupational safety and health administration, and the consumer product safety commission were founded to protect citizens. especially with today's culture of short-termism, companies will tend to do whatever they can get away with to cut costs and shorten product cycles. it is up to government regulation to push back against this to protect the public from the risks it engenders, especially in areas where lives hang in the balance. but: as early as , however, there was a backlash. that year, lewis powell, prior to serving on the supreme court, wrote a memo calling on corporations to more aggressively fight regulations. he singled nader out as a threat, “a legend in his own time and an idol of millions of americans.” ... by the early nineties, it was plain to nader that the government was failing to regulate air safety. in “collision course,” a book that he co-wrote with wesley j. smith, they warned, “it is an unfortunate fact that government oversight and enforcement is so underfunded and understaffed that regulators and inspectors must rely upon the integrity and good faith of those they regulate to obey the rules.” they continued, “if a company is determined to cut corners, there is every likelihood that it will succeed, at least for a while.” douglas boeing was determined to cut corners with the max. the person responsible for aviation safety at the faa is ali bahrami. here is a timeline of ali bahrami's career (italics are quotes from mcgillis): 	 bahrami becomes a senior engineer at douglas aircraft. 	 bahrami becomes an engineer at faa 	 bahrami becomes manager of the faa's transport airplane directorate 	 boeing lobbyists began pushing for a wholesale shift in regulatory oversight. 		 	change to oda embracing the deregulatory agenda promoted by the bush administration and the republicans in congress, the f.a.a. changed to a model called organization designation authorization. manufacturers would now select and supervise the safety monitors. if the monitors saw something amiss, they would raise the issue with their managers rather than with the f.a.a. i.e. manufacturers could hide safety problems from the faa. 	 bahrami becomes manager of the faa's boeing aviation safety oversight office, a forty-person bureau in seattle dedicated to serving boeing. i.e. the role of the "safety oversight office" was to promote boeing's interests. 	 boeing announces the max. 	 bahrami becomes vice president for civil aviation at aerospace industries association, a washington, d.c.-based trade association that represents the nation's leading aerospace and defense manufacturers and suppliers.  i.e. a lobbyist. 	 (march) faa certifies the max. 	 (july) bahrami becomes faa's associate administrator for aviation safety. 	 (october) lion air flight crash. 	 (march) ethiopian airlines flight crash. 	 (july) ali bahrami ... appeared at a senate hearing. the wall street journal had just reported that the f.a.a. had determined, after the lion air crash, that there was a high risk of another max emergency within the next ten months, but had decided to allow boeing to proceed with its software fix without grounding the planes. bahrami said, “from the safety perspective, we felt strongly that what we did was adequate.” 	 (july)  nader's family were called in to meet with bahrami. as tor related in a recording that he made immediately afterward, they asked bahrami what he thought he could have done to prevent the ethiopia crash. bahrami said that there was nothing he could have done. (bahrami does not recall saying this.) so, while the faa was certifying the max, bahrami was lobbying on behalf of boeing (and smaller companies). it is hard to believe he was pushing for more rigor in the faa's certification process. before that, he was running an faa bureau "dedicated to serve boeing": the f.a.a. has said that it lacked the resources to oversee the plane’s updates, but the veteran f.a.a. engineer in seattle told me that this was because of the way its boeing office was set up by ali bahrami, with only a few people assigned to flight controls. one the max was certified bahrami cycled back through the revolving door to be in charge of aviation safety at the faa. obviously, given the deregulatory fervor of the current administration, a lobbyist for aircraft manufacturers would be the ideal candidate to oversee safety at the faa. and why would anyone think that bahrami would admit that there was anything he could have done but didn't after those incompetent lion air pilots crashed their plane? but, as nader wrote in : it is an unfortunate fact that government oversight and enforcement is so underfunded and understaffed that regulators and inspectors must rely upon the integrity and good faith of those they regulate to obey the rules. and as he wrote this month in buffeting boeing ceo’s rope-a-dope in congress: ever since the congress, under boeing pressure, ordered the faa to delegate more self-certifying power to boeing and other aircraft makers, hearings with the faa, boeing, and airlines have been theater. nothing results except giving in to aircraft manufacturers and carriers’ demands, rubber-stamped by the toady faa and an indentured congress. lobbyists like bahrami peddling deregulatory ideology can pour money into legislators coffers and there is little that conscientious bureaucrats can do to counter their influence. the real culprits in the deaths of people are the legislators incapable of resisting lobbyist dollars. in addition to the deaths, there are massive financial losses at too-big-to-fail boeing and its customers, which the taxpayer will undoubtedly be called upon to repair (see boeing's blackmail of nasa for an example). yves smith's faa pushes back on boeing pressure to recertify max by year end; agency also considering major revamp of certification process is a must-read. smith starts by pointing out that, while boeing may be desperate to get the max flying again, the faa is equally desperate to regain its credibility: the reason to think the faa’s recent noises might be precursors to real action, as opposed to more better optics, is that the max debacle has led the agency to lose its most valued asset: that of having its aircraft certifications be accepted without independent vetting by other aviation regulators. losing that would put american manufacturers at a serious disadvantage relative to foreign competitors. the stakes are so high that the faa’s incentives are to do whatever it takes to get back to status quo ante. this is a problem on the desk of the new faa administrator: and the faa chief might be up to the task. the current faa “administrator” is steve dickson, who was sworn in on august , meaning he is the new guy who isn’t hamstrung by having to defend past decisions. he’s also been a pilot, first a fighter pilot and later flew commercial jets, including , and had retired from being the senior vp of flight operations for delta, which included safety. note that delta did not buy the max. he’s also a law school graduate (which means not easily intimidated by suits). 	 	source the "american manufacturer" that would suffer the most if the faa's certification wasn't accepted overseas would be boeing. ignoring the long-term downside of rushing the faa's recertification is typical of boeing's short-term focus on the stock price. it  had poured $ b in cash on its stockholders ($ b dividends + $ b stock buybacks) since to pump it. as i wrote back in july: suppose instead of buying back stock, boeing had invested in its future. even assuming an entirely new replacement for the series was as expensive as the (the first of a new airframe technology), they could have delivered the first replacement ($ b), and be almost % through developing another entirely new airframe ($ b/$ b). but executive bonuses and stock options mattered more than the future of the company's cash cow product. instead: blowing these $ billion on share buybacks has caused boeing to have a “total equity” of a negative $ billion. in other words, it has $ billion more in liabilities than in assets. this company is out of wriggle room. if it can’t borrow enough money to make payroll, it’s over. short-termism is a cancer that is eating us corporations, but the guys who took the decisions will suffer no consequences for killing the company, they'll retire rich. remarkably, boeing's stock has failed to slump since the max crashes and the problems with nasa's commercial crew program became public. their desperation to keep it that way has led them to pump the stock in another way: boeing has continued to push the notion that the max would be certified to fly as of various dates that proved to be a crporate fantasy as new problems and concerns emerged. the latest was an announcement last monday that it expected the max to get a green light in december, which goosed the stock. in faa pushes back on “pressure” to return boeing max to service, jon ostrower writes: both the faa and other stakeholders viewed the boeing statement as overt public pressure to recertify the max by the end of . president of southwest airlines pilots association on november wrote that boeing was “increasingly publicizing” that it may have to shut max production as it is running out of room for aircraft storage. “there is some concern that this is simply another tactic to push the rts timeline up, force operators to resume making payments on max aircraft, and transfer some costs, logistics, and responsibilities of storing and restoring the max to revenue service to respective operators,” wrote capt. jon weaks in a letter to the southwest airlines pilot corps. boeing's arm-twisting didn't sit well with dickson, who seems to be a sophisticated political operator: the faa has apparently had enough of boeing trying to pressure them via the media. interestingly, dickson responded not by publicly slapping down boeing but by making a countermove that had the same effect, of circulating a memo and including his “i’ve got your back” message in what appears to be a regular weekly video to the entire agency that is posted on youtube. by sending them to the entire agency rather than, say, a narrow group overseeing the max review, this message were guaranteed to get to the press pronto. 	 	dickson memo, courtesy the air current but in addition to messaging the whole organization, dickson took specific action: dickson also sent a memo to the head of the max team which appears to also have been circulated widely within the faa, which was likely no accident. and who is the "head of the max team? ali bahrami! my guess is that dickson wasn't merely pushing back on boeing, he was also putting bahrami on notice that his freedom of action was severely constrained because the boss was looking over his shoulder. other countries' regulators appear to be taking a harder line against boeing, as evidenced by natalie kitroeff and david gelles' canadian official calls for removal of key software from max: a manager at canada’s aviation regulator believes that boeing should remove software that played a role in two deadly crashes of its max before the plane is cleared to fly again, according to emails between global aviation regulators this week that were reviewed by the new york times. ... “the only way i see moving forward at this point, is that mcas has to go,” the official, jim marko, the manager in aircraft integration and safety assessment at transport canada civil aviation, wrote in the email. he sent the email on tuesday to officials at the federal aviation administration, the european union aviation safety agency and brazil’s national civil aviation agency. posted by david. at : am comments: 	 david. said... 	 in o-rings and production pressure, daniel little reviews a book by a senior engineer at morton thiokol (mti) descfibing the process by which, under pressure from nasa management, who were under pressure from congress, mti management over-rode their engineers and approved the fatal launch of the challenger space shuttle. 	 december , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 more evidence of inadequate regulatory oversight in boeing max was plagued with production problems, whistle-blower says by david gelles: "four months before the first deadly crash of boeing’s max, a senior manager approached an executive at the company with concerns that the plane was riddled with production problems and potentially unsafe. that manager, ed pierson, plans to tell his story to congress on wednesday. employees at the renton, wash., factory where the max is produced were overworked, exhausted and making mistakes, mr. pierson said in an interview. a cascade of damaged parts, missing tools and incomplete instructions was preventing planes from being built on time. executives were pressuring workers to complete planes despite staff shortages and a chaotic factory floor. ... during the time when mr. pierson said the renton facility was in disarray, it built the two planes that crashed and killed a total of people." 	 december , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in faa let boeing max continue to fly even as review found serious crash risk dominic rushe show how completely faa management placed boeing's interests above those of the passengers and crew: "us regulators allowed boeing’s max to keep flying even after their own analysis found the plane could have averaged one fatal crash about every two or three years without intervention. according to a report dated a month after a lion air max crashed in october , killing people, the federal aviation administration (faa) concluded the plane could become involved in more fatal crashes without design changes." they assessed a crash every - years but didn't ground the plane. what more needs to be said. this came out in a house hearing, the very institution that had voted to starve the faa of resources and transfer responsibility from the faa to boeing. 	 december , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 two headlines today show boeing's chickens coming home to roost. shutdown likely at boeing renton as max crisis extends and australia’s qantas chooses airbus over boeing for longest routes. 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 yves smith discusses the implications of boeing's roosting chickens: "boeing now has more max aircraft in its inventory that it sold before the troubled jet was grounded worldwide. the seattle times points out that many of boeing’s mothballed planes will need “extensive maintenance” to be able to fly. the wall street journal cited analyst estimates that the freeze would cut boeing’s $ . billion a quarter max cash burn by about %." and: "the knock-on impact of the production freeze will be significant. from the journal: “it would be hard to have any other single company stop the production of a single product and have it hit the economy as hard as this would,” said luke tilley, chief economist at investment-management firm wilmington trust. he estimated that stopping max production for one quarter would shave . of a percentage point from quarterly annualized gdp growth. boeing’s suppliers will take a blow,. with the propensity of major firms to concentrate production among fewer suppliers (to gain more pricing leverage, natch), the damage to some could be large. and they also be less likely to shield their workers even in the near term. " 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 mentour pilot's explanation of the knock-on effects of boeing halting max production on his youtube channel is worth watching. 	 december , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 see also matt stoller's the coming boeing bailout?: "in , clinton’s deputy secretary of defense, bill perry, called defense contractor ceos to a dinner, nicknamed “the last supper.” he told them to merge with each other so as, in the classic excuse used by monopolists, to find efficiencies in their businesses. the rationale was that post-cold war era military spending reductions demanded a leaner defense base. in reality, perry had been a long-time mergers and acquisitions investment banker working with industry ally norm augustine, the eventual ceo of lockheed martin. perry was so aggressive about encouraging mergers that he put together an accounting scheme to have the pentagon itself pay merger costs, which resulted in a bevy of consolidation among contractors and subcontractors. in , boeing, with both a commercial and military division, ended up buying mcdonnell douglas, a major aerospace company and competitor. with this purchase, the airline market radically consolidated." boeing is too big to fail in both commercial and military products, so given: "blowing these $ billion on share buybacks has caused boeing to have a “total equity” of a negative $ billion. in other words, it has $ billion more in liabilities than in assets. this company is out of wriggle room. if it can’t borrow enough money to make payroll, it’s over." a taxpayer bailout seems inevitable. 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 like wolf richter, matt stoller is focused on boeing's finances: "boeing has significant development costs associated with the max, which is inherently the case for all large complex aircraft systems. the problem is that accounting for these costs have been pushed into the future based on anticipated sales, which is risky but manageable if you can build safe aircraft airliners want to buy. but unfortunately for boeing and anyone who wants a good aerospace industry, that was a big if. and now that the risk has turned into catastrophe, the accounting probably doesn’t make sense." rating agencies are downgrading boeing's debt, and the company has a large negative cash flow: "all the focus on the max meant other items flew under the radar—items like boeing’s cash flow data. “operating cash flow for the third quarter was negative $ . billion driven by lower deliveries, lower advance payments and timing of receipts and expenditures,” said boeing (ticker: ba) cfo greg smith on the company’s earnings conference call. he added cash pressures will remain until max deliveries begin again." 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 boeing’s crisis deepens as the c.e.o. struggles to confront it by natalie kitroeff and david gelles goes into detail about the deteriorating relationship between boeing's ceo and his regulator: "after the crashes, but before the plane was grounded, mr. muilenburg called president trump and expressed confidence in the safety of the max. he has repeatedly made overly optimistic projections about how quickly the plane would return to service, pushing for speedy approval from regulators. the constantly shifting timeline has created chaos for airlines, which have had to cancel thousands of flights and sacrifice billions of dollars in sales. in his few public appearances, mr. muilenburg’s attempts to offer a sincere apology for the accidents have been clumsy, prolonging boeing’s reputational pain. his performance has left lawmakers irate. the families of crash victims, convinced the company does not care about their loss, have repeatedly confronted him with posters of the dead." and boeing’s push to make training profitable may have left max pilots unprepared by peter robison and julie johnsson illustrates yet another instance of management prioritizing profit over safety: "but the most fundamental breakdown at boeing may have been a lack of appreciation of how humans respond under stress—both in the machine it was designing and in its own organization. on aircraft like the boeing , a cadre of pilots had worked closely with engineers to solve problems. by the time the max entered development, boeing was pushing hard to turn the unglamorous but all-important business of customer training into a profit center of its own. many pilots were distracted by a dispute with boeing over the hiring of outside contractors. they contended the quality of training was slipping." 	 december , at : am 	 david. said... 	 it’s not just software. new safety risks under scrutiny on boeing’s max by natalie kitroeff and david gelles lists a number of additional safety problems with the max turned up by boeing's and the faa's reviews: "the company is looking at whether two bundles of critical wiring are too close together and could cause a short circuit. a short in that area could lead to a crash if pilots did not respond correctly, the people said." and: "cfm international, the joint venture between general electric and safran that manufactures the engines, has told the f.a.a. it discovered a possible weakness in one of the engines’ rotors, which could cause the part to shatter. the likelihood of that failure is remote and regulators aren’t requiring an immediate fix, though they are looking to require that airlines inspect as many max engines as possible before the plane returns to service, an f.a.a. official said." and: "while assembling the max, workers at boeing’s renton, wash., factory had ground down the outer shell of a panel that sits atop the engine housing in an effort to ensure a better fit into the plane. in doing so, they inadvertently removed the coating that insulates the panel from a lightning strike, taking away a crucial protection for the fuel tank and fuel lines. the f.a.a. is developing a directive that will require the company to restore lightning protection to the engine panel and boeing is already in the process of resolving the issue." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 reuters reports that boeing has bowed to the inevitable: "boeing said tuesday it is recommending that pilots receive training in a flight simulator before the grounded max returns to flying, a reversal of the company’s long-held position that computer-based training alone was adequate. ... boeing’s interim chief executive, greg smith, said in a statement that boeing decided to recommend simulator training because of the importance to boeing of gaining public and airline confidence in the max." presumably they will owe southwest $ m/plane. 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 boeing employees mocked f.a.a. and ‘clowns’ who designed max by natalie kitroeff provides yet more evidence of boeing's dysfunctional culture: "boeing employees mocked federal rules, talked about deceiving regulators and joked about potential flaws in the max as it was being developed, according to over a hundred pages of internal messages delivered thursday to congressional investigators. ... the most damaging messages included conversations among boeing pilots and other employees about software issues and other problems with flight simulators for the max, a plane later involved in two accidents, in late and early , that killed people and threw the company into chaos." 	 january , at : am 	 david. said... 	 dominic rushe writes ousted boeing ceo dennis muilenburg to receive $ m in stock and pension: "muilenberg, , will forfeit stock worth $ . m, according to boeing, but is contractually entitled to receive $ . m in stock and pension awards. “we thank dennis for his nearly years of service to the boeing company,” the company said in a statement. “upon his departure, dennis received the benefits to which he was contractually entitled and he did not receive any severance pay or a annual bonus.”" poor guy! loosing % of his moolah! 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 boeing faces another million-dollar faa fine over faulty max parts by claudia assis reports: "federal regulators said late friday they could slap a $ . million fine on boeing co. ... for allegedly installing "nonconforming" wing parts on some max jets and later presenting the planes as ready for certification. the civil penalty would be in addition to a fine of $ . million proposed against boeing in december for allegedly installing the same components on of the company's next generation jets, the federal aviation administration said." 	 january , at : am 	 david. said... 	 my reaction to this new york times story is that this, right here, is why us industry is dying: "on friday, boeing said mr. calhoun would receive a $ million bonus if he got the max safely flying again. (mr. muilenburg is leaving with $ . million in stock and pension awards.)" the board fired the guy who almost killed the company and made him rich. the board hired a guy whose job is to rescue the dying company and they think he needs a bonus of around times a good salary just to motivate him to do the job he was hired to do? 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 edward helmore's boeing reports lowest order numbers in years following max catastrophes gives some idea of how much trouble boeing is in: "the aerospace company reported on tuesday that it had more cancellations than new purchases in . the figures included the cancellation of three dreamliners in december. in the same month, boeing failed to book any max orders as customers avoided the model after two fatal crashes that have led to a worldwide grounding. boeing delivered commercial airplanes in , the lowest level since , and fewer than half the planes its main rival airbus delivered last year, a record for the european jet maker. boeing’s numbers are especially bleak compared with airbus’s orders for new planes for . the european plane maker currently has a -year production backlog on orders, or , commercial planes, while boeing finished the year with a backlog of , ." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 scott hamilton's boeing hasn’t hit bottom yet. neither have suppliers is full of bad news for boeing. quarterly results are due in weeks and calhoun needs to get all the bad news out in one go. but there is so much he may not want to risk it: "while boeing hasn’t officially given any direction to the supply chain, information obtained by lna indicates production will be suspended at least through february. boeing hopes for a mid-february restart. faa recertification appears unlikely next month. whether it comes in march remains a question. ... based on available information, the initial production rate will be between - maxes per month. the return to rate likely won’t occur until . achieving rate /mo, which was the goal by the end of , now likely won’t occur until late at the earliest. ... boeing put on hold the development of a new airplane, whether it’s the new midmarket airplane (nma) or future small airplane (fsa)." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 the seattle times headline says it all - beyond pilot trash talk, max documents reveal how intensely boeing focused on cost: "soon after the max was certified in , when a series of internal emails addressed why the max simulator program had proved so troublesome and expensive, the employees in the conversation pointed to a "culture" that prioritized cost-cutting over everything else." 	 january , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the case against both boeing and the faa just got a whole lot stronger. how boeing’s responsibility in a deadly crash ‘got buried’ by chris hamby recounts how pressure from boeing and the faa on the inquiry into the crash of a turkish ng at schiphol a decade ago obscured a very similar cause to the max crashes. namely a flight control computer that relied on a single sensor that was not described in the documentation: "the ng has two parallel sets of computers and sensors, one on the left side of the plane and one on the right. most of the time, only one set is in control. on the turkish airlines flight, the system on the right was in control. the pilots recognized the inaccurate altitude readings and noted that they were coming from the sensor on the left. this would have led them to conclude that the bad data coming from the left didn’t matter because the autothrottle was getting the correct data from the right, dr. dekker found. what the pilots couldn’t have known was that the computer controlling the engine thrust always relied on the left sensor, even when the controls on the right were flying the plane. that critical information was nowhere to be found in the boeing pilots’ manual" worse, boeing had a fix in but it was optional: "five years before the turkish airlines crash, boeing was aware that a sensor malfunction could idle the engines improperly, but the company decided it wasn’t a safety concern, the dutch investigators wrote. after receiving reports about autothrottle misfires that did not lead to accidents, a boeing review board determined that if a malfunction occurred, pilots would recognize it and intervene. in the meantime, boeing developed a software update that allowed the autothrottle to compare the readings from the two altitude sensors. if they differed by more than feet, the autothrottle wouldn’t be able to improperly idle the engines. the safeguard was available in , but the change wouldn’t work on some ng models, like the turkish airlines plane, that used an autothrottle computer made by a different company. after the crash, boeing developed a version of the update compatible with those computers, and the f.a.a. required airlines to install it." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 boeing's debt load is ballooning, according to jon brodkin's boeing seeks $ billion in loans as max crisis continues: "boeing is aiming to borrow $ billion or more to help it get through the max crisis, cnbc reported today, citing people familiar with the matter. "the company has secured at least $ billion from banks so far, the people said, and is talking to other lenders for more contributions," cnbc wrote. citigroup, bank of america, wells fargo, and jpmorgan already agreed to loan boeing money." not including this $ b, the long-term debt load has increased rapidly: "boeing had $ . billion in long-term debt as of september , , nearly double the $ . billion of long-term debt it had on december , , according to a boeing sec filing. by contrast, boeing added less than $ billion in long-term debt in all of . ... boeing in october reported q revenue of $ billion, down from $ . billion year-over-year. revenue for the first nine months of was $ . billion, down percent year-over-year. net earnings in q were $ . billion, down from $ . billion in q ." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 wolf richter pointed to boeing's debt: "the second thing to know about boeing’s mad scramble to borrow another $ billion is that it already has a huge amount of debt and other liabilities, and that its total liabilities ($ billion) exceed its total assets ($ billion) by about $ billion as of september , meaning that it has negative net equity, that the share buybacks have destroyed its equity, which is what share buybacks do to the balance sheet. it also means that every dime in “cash” and “cash equivalent” listed on the balance sheet is borrowed. and this is about to get a whole lot worse. in october , boeing had already obtained a new credit line of $ . billion, which about doubled the size of its existing credit line. credit lines serve as liquidity backup." that was before boeing's latest attempt to strong-arm the faa into re-certifying the max, as explained in sean gallagher's max fix slips to summer—and that’s just one of boeing’s problems: "boeing executives are now telling the company's max customers that the software fix required to make the airliner airworthy will not be approved in the near future and that it will likely be june or july before the federal aviation administration certifies the aircraft for flight again—meaning that the aircraft will have been grounded for at least months." the other problems are in boeing's space business (the various starliner failures, and the struggling space launch system) and its military business (the kc- tanker fiasco, the winddown of the f- /a, and their subcontracting to sikorsky for new helicopters). read gallagher's piece for the details. 	 january , at : am 	 david. said... 	 as expected, calhoun tried to get the bad news on the table. david gelles' boeing expects max costs will surpass $ billion: "boeing on wednesday said that the costs associated with shutting down and restarting the factory would amount to some $ billion. ... the company also said that the cost of compensating airlines that have suffered lost sales as a result of the grounding of the max was now expected to reach $ . billion, up from a previous estimate of $ . billion. ... and boeing said that as a result of the grounding, ... it expected the overall cost to produce the max to rise to $ . billion in the years ahead, up from an earlier estimate of $ . billion." to put that into perspective, $ . b is % more than boeing spent to develop the , an airframe using entirely new technology. so the decay of their corporate culture has cost boeing more that it would have spent to develop a replacement for the series, something they still urgently need to do! and i'm skeptical that this announcement accounts for (a) the possibility of a delay in certification beyond mid-year, and (b) the effect of boeing's use of "program accounting" to, in effect, book expected future profits now. 	 january , at : am 	 david. said... 	 yves smith writes: "ceo thinking isn’t driven by economics as practiced by either neoclassical or finance economists. it is unduly influenced by net present value analysis, which is at the core of most companies’ capital budgeting processes as well as wall street financial modeling. companies and often the street assign unduly high risk premia, which results in cash flows more than five or ten years out having close to nada impact on cash flow analyses. it isn’t just the rise of neoliberalism and the promotion of the ideology of shareholder capitalism that led to the fetishization of cash flow models (which are just storytelling that too many take too seriously because spreadsheets). it is also that the rise of the personal computer suddenly made it vastly easier to prepare financial forecasts, greatly increasing their use as a managerial tool. and i’ve seen again and again how users come to treat those models as more real than the conditions they represent." 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 there's also a case against airbus, and it has just been decided. david pegg and rob evans' airbus to pay record £ bn in fines for 'endemic' corruption reports that: "airbus, europe’s largest aerospace multinational, is to pay a record £ bn in penalties after admitting it had paid huge bribes on an “endemic” basis to land contracts in countries. ... allison clare, for the sfo, told the court the company had paid bribes in malaysia, sri lanka, indonesia, taiwan and ghana between and . airbus, which admitted five counts of failing to prevent bribery, had used a network of secret agents to pay large-scale backhanders to officials in foreign countries to land high-value contracts. ... french prosecutors examined bribes to other countries including china, japan, russia, kuwait, brazil and turkey." but at least they didn't kill anyone. 	 january , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 the subhead of michael sainato's ‘the only ones not paying for boeing’s mistakes is boeing': laid-off supply workers voice their anger: "thousands of us workers have suffered job cuts and loss of hours – while boeing’s former boss walks away with $ m" not to mention loss of health insurance. 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 on his youtube channel, mentour pilot has an excellent -minute overview of the decay of boeing's culture and congress' destruction of the faa's oversight capability. 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in boeing fixing new software bug on max; key test flight nears, alan levin, siddharth vikram philip and christopher jasper report that: "boeing co. has discovered a new software problem on the grounded max, but the company said the flaw won’t set back the goal of returning the plane to service in mid- . the planemaker identified the issue during flight testing and notified the federal aviation administration last month, according to an email thursday from boeing. the problem was that an indicator light, designed to warn of a malfunction by a system that helps raise and lower the plane’s nose, was turning on when it wasn’t supposed to, the company said." 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 eric m. johnson's boeing's fraying max suppliers see capacity crunch reports that: "boeing co suppliers are shedding jobs and capacity to cope with a halt in max output, but while that staves off chaos, aerospace executives worry the industry might be unable to ramp factories quickly enough when the plane wins approval to fly again. as a result, industrial heavyweights like fuselage maker spirit aerosystems have already laid off workers. spirit on friday slashed its quarterly dividend and said it would receive $ million from boeing before april to support production. now a cluster of other crucial companies small and big that forge metal, assemble and paint max winglets, and build data systems have followed suit with no indication that boeing will offer a lifeline, people familiar with the matter said." see also consultant to boeing: cut dividends, invest in new airplane by scott hamilton and joey roulette's boeing's botched starliner test flirted with 'catastrophic' failure: nasa panel. 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in boeing’s starliner problems may be worse than we thought, eric berger reports that: "at this point, it seems that nasa and boeing do not yet know what they don't know about the problems, and it will take some time to sort all of this out." al three of boeing's major lines of business, commercial, military and space, have major problems related to poor-quality engineering. 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the headline of lewis tamb’s seattle times article says it all - experts question whether boeing’s board of directors is capable of righting the company. he details the board’s lack of engineering expertise, poor corporate governance, and culpability for the decisions that crippled the company. 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in boeing refuses to cooperate with new inquiry into deadly crash chris hamby and claire moses report that: "boeing and american safety officials refused to cooperate on thursday with a new inquiry by dutch lawmakers into a deadly crash near amsterdam in that had striking parallels with two more recent accidents involving the manufacturer’s max. members of the dutch parliament wanted to question the boeing chief executive, david calhoun, about the company’s possible influence over the original dutch investigation of the accident, which killed nine people on a turkish airlines flight. the national transportation safety board also refused lawmakers’ request to participate." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the key points of phil lebeau's boeing posts zero new airplane orders in january are: "* january is the latest month without orders following the grounding of the max in march of . * the company delivered new airplanes in january, including six dreamliners, a pair of s, two s and three ngs. * boeing recorded a negative order rate in — for the first time in decades — as customers canceled or converted orders. ... the lack of orders last month stands in contrast to its competitor airbus, which logged orders for commercial airplanes in january." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 more on the capture of the faa in niraj choski's f.a.a. failed to assure southwest airlines safety, report says (my emphasis): "among the report’s conclusions was that the agency failed to adequately certify that southwest planes bought from foreign carriers were up to federal standards. federal regulations allow carriers to use american-made planes acquired from foreign airlines, but only after the agency confirms their airworthiness. that process typically takes three to four weeks, but f.a.a. designees provided such certification for of the planes in just one day, the report found." the report: "cited accusations from f.a.a. officials that southwest used “diversion, distraction and power” to get what it wanted and would regularly bypass local officials by going straight to f.a.a. headquarters." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 gregory tavis, who wrote how the boeing max disaster looks to a software developer, is back with ship the airplane: the cultural, organizational and technical reasons why boeing cannot recover. it is a truly excellent, must-read overview of how boeing ended up with a single point of failure in a safety-critical system. 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in starliner gives boeing a hard lesson in how not to verify software irene klotz points out that the recent starliner failures relate to the same problem that caused the max disasters, poor software engineering: "the independent review team assessing the starliner’s orbital flight test (oft) is not expected to complete its work until the end of february, but nasa and boeing said on feb. that the panel had found multiple areas where the software verification process failed." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in boeing finds debris in max jetliners: company memo, eric m. johnson reports that: "boeing co found debris that could pose potential safety risks in the fuel tanks of several max aircraft that are in storage and waiting to be delivered to airlines, according to an internal memo seen by reuters on tuesday. foreign object debris, an industrial term for rags, tools, metal shavings and other materials left behind by workers during the production process, has been a quality control issue for various boeing aircraft, such as its kc- tankers." this has been an on-going problem. for example, natalie kitroeff and david gelles reported months ago on the same issue with the : "safety lapses at the north charleston plant have drawn the scrutiny of airlines and regulators. qatar airways stopped accepting planes from the factory after manufacturing mishaps damaged jets and delayed deliveries. workers have filed nearly a dozen whistle-blower claims and safety complaints with federal regulators, describing issues like defective manufacturing, debris left on planes and pressure to not report violations. others have sued boeing, saying they were retaliated against for flagging manufacturing mistakes. joseph clayton, a technician at the north charleston plant, one of two facilities where the dreamliner is built, said he routinely found debris dangerously close to wiring beneath cockpits." 	 february , at : am 	 david. said... 	 natalie kitroeff and michael s. schmidt's federal prosecutors investigating whether boeing pilot lied to f.a.a. starts: "federal prosecutors investigating boeing are examining whether the company knowingly misled the federal aviation administration while it was seeking the regulator’s approval for its max plane, according to two people familiar with the matter who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss an active inquiry. in recent months, prosecutors have questioned several boeing employees in front of a federal grand jury, with some of their queries focusing on whether mark forkner, a top pilot at the company, intentionally lied to the regulator about the nature of new flight control software on the jet, the people said." 	 february , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 dominic rushe's boeing's 'culture of concealment' led to fatal max crashes, report finds is based on a preliminary version of the findings of the house transportation committee. they are devastating for both boeing and the faa: "in a blistering -page report the committee found boeing’s max design “was marred by technical design failures, lack of transparency with both regulators and customers”. according to the report, in the manufacturer was “under tremendous financial pressure” to compete with its rival airbus’s a neo aircraft. ... as a result of those pressures, and in order to get the max certified as quickly as possible, the manufacturer misled and withheld information from the federal aviation administration (faa) and even “the very existence” of the mcas anti-stall software system, blamed for the crashes, from pilots. ... the regulator’s oversight was “grossly insufficient” and it “failed in its duty” to both uncover critical problems and make sure boeing fixed them, the committee found. “the combination of these problems doomed the lion air and ethiopian airlines flights,” the report concluded." of course. the report doesn't blame the congress for its failings in the case. 	 march , at : am 	 david. said... 	 kenneth chang's ‘close call’: nasa-boeing investigation of starliner flight finds lapses shows that boeing's cultural problems aren't just with the max: "an uncrewed test flight of starliner, a boeing spacecraft designed to carry nasa astronauts, could have ended in disaster in december because of lapses that allowed software errors to slip through undetected and unfixed before the spacecraft launched, according to a review by nasa and boeing that was announced on friday. the review team made recommendations for fixes and improvements. some recommendations were specific, such as changes to the software testing procedures. others addressed possible blind spots in how the program was managed." 	 march , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 yesterday's boeing news. boeing crashes: $ billion in share buybacks turn into existential threat by wolf richter reports that: "boeing’s shares came unglued, plunging . % today, after having already plunged over the past four weeks. since february , shares have crashed %, and since the peak on march , , %. today’s plunge came after a flurry of disclosures and leaks in the morning about boeing, including: * sources said that boeing is planning to draw down entirely and much quicker than expected its new credit facility of $ . billion as early as friday, apparently worried that banks might freeze the credit facility later, and banks did during the financial crisis. * boeing disclosed that it had negative net orders of - aircraft for the first two months of , with cancellations of the max exceeding orders for all models" today's boeing news. boeing said to add another fix to max to appease regulators by niraj chokshi reveals that: "before the scheduled return of the max this summer, the aircraft manufacturer plans to separate wire bundles in the jet to assure regulators about the plane’s safety, according to a source familiar with the company’s plans who was not authorized to speak publicly about them. the wire bundles have raised concerns because they could, in rare circumstances, cause a short circuit and possibly lead to a catastrophic failure. boeing has argued privately to regulators that the likelihood of such a failure is remote." boeing is down another % on the day. 	 march , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 david calhoun's boeing criticism misses its most deserving target shows the seattle times editorial board has no confidence in boeing's new ceo (and long-time board member). 	 march , at : am 	 david. said... 	 eric berger's new document reveals significant fall from grace for boeing’s space program shows that boeing's corporate culture has corrupted all its major programs: "much has been made of boeing's difficulties in aviation, most notably with the max. this airplane has been grounded for a year after two crashes that killed people between them, collectively making for the worst air disaster since september , . then there are the issues with the company's kc- pegasus tanker program, which is $ billion over budget, three years behind schedule, and beset by technical issues. most recently, in march, the air force revealed that it had upgraded chronic leaks in the aircraft's fuel system to a category i deficiency. this is a problem for an aircraft that is supposed to perform aerial refueling. since december, the company's space issues have also become more widely known following the failure of the company's starliner capsule to successfully carry out a test flight to the international space station. ... but a new document released by nasa reveals the broader scope of boeing's apparent decline in spaceflight dominance. the "source selection statement" from nasa explains the space agency's rationale for selecting spacex over three other companies—boeing, northrop grumman, and sierra nevada corporation—to deliver large supplies of cargo to lunar orbit. ... of the four contenders, [boeing] had the lowest overall technical and mission suitability scores. in addition, boeing's proposal was characterized as "inaccurate" and possessing no "significant strengths." boeing also was cited with a "significant weakness" in its proposal for pushing back on providing its software source code." not to mention the continuing fiasco of the sls: "nasa is presently in the final throes of deciding how it will get humans to the lunar surface by . it is notable that the most likely scenario involves launching crew and a lander on the same rocket, which would require boeing to both complete the space launch system rocket's core stage—under development for nearly a decade now—as well as a brand-new second stage called the exploration upper stage before then." 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 matt taibbi's the s.e.c. rule that destroyed the universe delves into the bigger picture of the stock buybacks that destroyed boeing. for example: "it’s hard to overstate how much money has vanished. s&p companies overall spent the size of the recent bailout – $ trillion – on buybacks just in the last three years! banks spent $ billion on buybacks and dividends across a -month period in - . as former fdic chief sheila bair pointed out last month, “as a rule of thumb $ of capital supports $ of lending.” so, $ billion in buybacks and dividends translates into roughly $ . trillion in lending that didn’t happen. most all of the sectors receiving aid through the new cares act programs moved huge amounts to shareholders in recent years. the big four airlines – delta, united, american, and southwest – spent $ . billion on buybacks just since . if that sum sounds familiar, it’s because it equals almost exactly the size of the $ billion bailout airlines are being given as part of the cares act relief package." taibbi makes the important point that: "the two major federal financial rescues, in - and now, have become an important part of a cover story shifting attention from all this looting: the public has been trained to think companies have been crippled by investment losses, when the biggest drain has really come via a relentless program of intentional extractions." 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in . the plane that never was, patrick smith points out that boeing has ceded the mid-size segment to airbus for the foreseeable future: "boeing should have signed off on the project a long time ago. instead, they kept force-feeding us monsterized s. then came the max fiasco. right on its heels is covid- , which has thrown the global aviation industry to onto the ledge of catastrophe. regardless of when this is over, a new, clean-sheet airframe is about the last thing boeing or its customers will have the time or resources to deal with. ... airbus will sell a thousand xlrs, mark my words. for carriers it’s the only option. and boeing will be left looking dumber than it does already." 	 april , at : am 	 david. said... 	 in addition to ceding the mid-size market to airbus, boeing has decided it can't afford to compete in the regional jet market. in boeing terminates $ . billion deal to buy stake in embraer unit, vindu goel reports that: "boeing, which is contending with the economic fallout from the pandemic and the grounding of its max jets, said saturday that it had terminated an agreement to buy percent of embraer’s commercial jet business for $ . billion. walking away from the deal will help boeing conserve cash at a time when it is facing a litany of problems." 	 april , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 in boeing cutting more than , u.s. jobs with thousands more planned david shepardson reports on the next stage of boeing's decline: "boeing co said wednesday it was eliminating more than , u.s. jobs, including involuntary layoffs of , u.s. workers as the largest american planemaker restructures in the face of the coronavirus pandemic. boeing also disclosed it plans “several thousand remaining layoffs” in the next few months but did not say where those would take place. the company announced in april it would cut % of its worldwide workforce of , by the end of . ... in april, boeing recorded zero orders for the second time this year and customers canceled another orders for its grounded max plane, compounding its worst start to a year since ." 	 may , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 scott hamilton's pontifications: bleak near- to mid-term future for rolls-royce engine unit starts: "the jet engine division of rolls-royce faces an uncertain future because of its own problems, exacerbated by the impact of covid- on commercial airlines. beset by problems with its trent , boeing engine, hampered by a huge error in judgment to withdraw from a joint venture with pratt & whitney, beset by the premature termination of the airbus a program and now facing a long-term impact of the coronavirus crisis, rolls is an engine maker with few opportunities." the post details a series of decisions as bad as boeing's. 	 june , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 david shepardson reports that u.s. regulator, boeing complete max certification test flights: "the tests of boeing’s proposed changes to the automated flight control system on the aircraft are a pivotal moment in the company’s worst-ever corporate crisis. the faa must complete the data review, approve new pilot training procedures, among other steps, and is unlikely to approve the plane’s ungrounding until mid-september, reuters reported this week." 	 july , at : am 	 david. said... 	 the wall street journal story boeing max increasingly unlikely to carry passengers before starts: "boeing co.’s max isn’t likely to resume widespread passenger flights until early next year—nearly two months beyond previous expectations—due to another regulatory delay, according to u.s. government and industry officials." yves smith has an analysis that compares it with a more optimistic seattle times story and concludes: "i don’t see how anyone can be fantasizing that the max will be carrying passengers before february , and the odds favor later than that." smith's pessimism has been righter than most so far. 	 july , at : am 	 david. said... 	 more trouble for boeing: ) - iconic jumbo jet nears the end as boeing placed final part orders. ) - boeing to delay x as demand drops for big jets: sources. ) - boeing’s north charleston site stashing undelivered dreamliners in every nook and cranny. ) not max - faa issues emergency inspection order for s due to engine shutdown issue. 	 july , at : am 	 david. said... 	 reuters reports that boeing finds flaws in fuselage of some dreamliners; eight aircraft affected. 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 scott hamilton's pontifications: wa state frets about boeing brain drain, but it’s already happening suggests that boeing is losing experienced engineers and is unable to replace them: "nearly half of the membership of speea, the engineers and technicians union at boeing, are years or older right now. almost two thirds of these are within - years old. in other words, ready for retirement right now or soon to be." 	 august , at : am 	 david. said... 	 lambert strether provides a roundup of the ongoing crises at beoing in as boeing inches toward max recertification, and lunar lander go sour, charleston v. seattle looms. tl;dr: : "there are still a number of steps to go before it can fly again (presumably in the fourth quarter after regulatory approvals are complete)" : "over the past few months, there have been manufacturing problems with mating body sections ( aircraft), the vertical tail fin ( aircraft), and the horizontal stabilizer ( aircraft)" lunar lander: "boeing co is submitting to an independent review of its compliance and ethics practices, according to an agreement struck with nasa and the u.s. air force and seen by reuters, part of widening fallout from its behavior in bidding to supply lunar landing vehicles. ... the u.s. justice department has opened a criminal probe into whether nasa’s former head of human spaceflight gave boeing co ba.n improper guidance during a lucrative lunar-lander contract competition, two people familiar with the matter said on friday." everett vs. charleston: "boeing, with main assembly plants at everett and charleston, has excess capacity. what to do? from leeham news and analysis, “pontifications: boeing sc makes its case for production consolidation—and it favors everett“: ... quality control at the charleston plant has been a major issue since it opened, even after boeing bought it from alenia and a joint venture between alenia and vought. employee turnover at charleston historically is higher than desired, which hurts qc." 	 september , at : am 	 david. said... 	 kiran stacey's boeing hid design flaws in max jets from pilots and regulators reports that: "boeing hid design flaws in its max jet from both pilots and regulators as it raced to have the airplane certified as fit to fly, according to a damning congressional report into why two of the aircraft crashed within months of each other last year, killing people. the report by the us house of representatives transport committee found the us aircraft maker cut corners and pressured regulators to overlook aspects of its new design in its attempts to catch up with european rival airbus. it also accused us regulators of being too concerned with pleasing the company to exercise proper oversight." 	 september , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 faa’s own engineers say proposed fixes to max aren’t enough by alan levin reports: "the union representing the federal aviation administration engineers overseeing boeing co.’s redesign of the grounded max says the government’s proposed fixes to the plane don’t go far enough. the national air traffic controllers association, which represents faa engineers who review and sign off on aircraft certification, said in comments filed on monday that the max should have to adhere to tougher standards on cockpit alerts." and: "curtis ewbank, a whistle-blower who has previously raised concerns about the plane’s design with congressional investigators, said in comments filed with the faa that a proposal to mandate fixes to the jetliner didn’t address multiple hazards identified in the two fatal max accidents and earlier incidents. “clearly more actions are required to revise faa processes so that it accurately assesses airplane design and regulates in the public interest,” ewbank said in the comments, posted on the regulations.gov website. ewbank said the faa and boeing should do more to prohibit faulty readings from the sensor implicated in both crashes and improve the plane’s warning systems." 	 september , at : am 	 david. said... 	 proposed us fix for boeing max software woes does not address ethiopian crash scenario, uk pilot union warns by gareth corfield reports yet another objection to the fix, that both pilots are supposed to turn the trim wheel together: "balpa said: "requiring both crew members to turn the trim wheel simultaneously in a non-normal scenario is extremely undesirable and goes against all philosophies of having one pilot fly and one run the qrh [quick reference handbook: reading out the emergency checklist]. no flight control system should require both pilots to operate it at any stage, let alone in an emergency." the trade union added: "it is felt that this should be reconsidered (particularly in light of the smaller diameter trim wheel as fitted to the max to enable the new larger screens to fit, and as per the scenario observed in the ethiopian airlines accident)." 	 september , at : pm 	 david. said... 	 what the max’s return tells us about automation by ashley nunes makes the same point about the hand-off problem as i have been making: "it was lisanne bainbridge who foresaw a more pressing problem brought on by the bots. in her paper ironies of automation, the british psychologist theorised the more automated the system, the more crucial the human becomes. bainbridge concluded that a designer “who tries to eliminate the operator still leaves the operator to do the tasks which the designer cannot think how to automate.” put simply, technology only gets you so far. 	 november , at : am 	 david. said... 	 bjorn fehrm has a technical discussion of why the mcas fixes are required at bjorn’s corner: max ungrounding, the technical background. 	 november , at : am post a comment newer post older post home subscribe to: post comments (atom) blog rules posts and comments are copyright of their respective authors who, by posting or commenting, license their work under a creative commons attribution-share alike . united states license. off-topic or unsuitable comments will be deleted. dshr dshr in anwr recent comments full comments blog archive 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( 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situação: 	 		 / / : 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 data do último envio: 	 		 / / : 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 líder(es) do grupo: 	 		miguel Ángel márdero arellano permite enviar email 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 Área predominante: 	 		ciências sociais aplicadas; ciência da informação 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 instituição do grupo: 	 		instituto brasileiro de informação em ciência e tecnologia - ibict 	 		 	 	 		 	 unidade: 		 		 		 		 		 	 	 	contato 				 					 						 							*email do remetente 						 						 						 					 					 					 						 							*assunto 						 						 						 					 					 					 						 							*descrição 						 						 						 					 				 				enviarlimpar 				 	 						 						 	 		endereço / contato 		 		endereço 		 		 logradouro: 	 		superintendência do ibama - df 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 número: 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 complemento: 	 		ibict- instituto brasileiro de informação em ciência e tecnologia - biblioteca 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 bairro: 	 		asa sul 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 uf: 	 		df 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 localidade: 	 		brasília 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 cep: 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 caixa postal: 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	localização geográfica 	 	 	 	 	 	 latitude: 	 		- . 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 longitude: 	 		- . 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	contato do grupo 	 	 	 	 	 	 telefone: 	 		( ) - 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 fax: 	 		() 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 contato do grupo: 	 		cariniana@ibict.br 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 website: 	 		http://cariniana.ibict.br 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 						 						 	 	 		repercussões 		 		 		repercussões dos trabalhos do grupo 		 		o grupo de pesquisa surgiu da necessidade de se promover estudos e soluções tecnológicas para a rede de serviços de preservação digital de documentos eletrônicos brasileiro. desde a rede cariniana participa da iniciativa internacional lockss da stanford university, uma contribuição significativa para a informação científica no brasil, que, por conseguinte irá habilitar a preservação do conteúdo de publicações em redes internacionais de instituições participantes da iniciativa lockss. inicialmente as atividades foram desenvolvidas em parceria com seis universidades brasileiras com o apoio de seus respectivos centros de informação e de informática. o grupo de pesquisa promove o compartilhamento de estudos e práticas, além da integração de conteúdos da memória institucional digital de forma consorciada e federada. o grupo de pesquisa consta com linhas e cerca de participantes. 		 		 		participação em redes de pesquisa 	rede de pesquisa 	website/blog 	rede cariniana	 					http://cariniana.ibict.br/ 					 		 	 						 						 	 		linhas de pesquisa 			nome da linha de pesquisa	quantidade de estudantes	quantidade de pesquisadores	ações 	competências em preservação digital	 	 	 visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	curadoria digital	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	institucionalização da memória digital	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	patrimônio artístico, audiovisual e sonoro	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	periódicos eletrônicos	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	projetos, políticas e auditorias de preservação digital	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	sigad e rdc-arq	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	soluções tecnológicas de preservação digital	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 	teoria e pesquisa em preservação digital	 	 	visualizar espelho da linha de pesquisa ui-button 		 		 		 	 						 						 	 		recursos humanos 			pesquisadores	titulação máxima	data inclusão	ações 	adriana lucia cox hollós	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	alex pereira de holanda	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	alexandre faria de oliveira	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	amarílis montagnolli gomes corrêa	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	ana paula araújo cabral da silva	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	ana suely pinho lopes	mestrado profissional	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	anna caroline magalhães reis	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	barbara coelho neves	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	brenda couto de brito rocco	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	cassandra lúcia de maya viana	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	caterina marta groposo pavão	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	charlley dos santos luz	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	cicilia conceição de maria	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	claudia lima de andrade	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	daniela francescutti martins hott	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	diego abadan moura melgarejo	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	diego bil silva barros	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	douglas andre muller	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	fabiano couto corrêa da silva	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	francisco de assis noberto galdino de araújo	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	frederico augusto dos santos Ângelo	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	gabriela ayres ferreira terrada	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	gildenir carolino santos	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	glaucco ranniere de souza pontes	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	gustavo pereira martins	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	idalina antonieta ferreira de lima	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	igor dias ferrer	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	isaque daniel rocha eberhardt	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	jane fontes gadelha	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	jéssica bilac gaspareto	ensino médio ( o grau)	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	jetur lima de castro	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	joão guilherme nogueira machado	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	joão paulo moraes de andrade	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	josé carlos abbud grácio	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	josé marcelo schiessl	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	juliana pinheiro farias	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	juliana rocha de faria silva	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	julio francisco santillan aldana	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	karyn munyk lehmkuhl	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	kelen cândida vieira bomfim	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	laerte pereira da silva júnior	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	laura vilela rodrigues rezende	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	lidia maria batista brandao toutain	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	luiz carlos flôres de assumpção	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	luiz carlos henderson guedes de oliveira	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	luiza martins de santana	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	magda lucia almada soares	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	maira murrieta costa	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	maria de fátima duarte tavares	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	maria de nazaré freitas pereira	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	marta patricia corsi de filippi	especialização	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	miguel Ángel márdero arellano	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	millard wesley long schisler	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	mônica regina peres	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	pablo alexandre gobira de souza ricardo	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	patrícia luque carreiro	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	patrick laurindo silva	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	poliana piacesi sepulveda	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	rafael cobbe dias	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	railane antunes pereira	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	raimunda lima evangelista	graduação	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	rodrigo moreira garcia	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	rodrigo rabello da silva	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	rubens ramos ferreira	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	rubens ribeiro gonçalves da silva	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	sonia aguiar cruz riascos	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	sonia araujo de assis boeres	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	susimery vila nova silva	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	thayse natália cantanhede santos	mestrado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	vanderlei batista dos santos	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	vania ferreira da silva	doutorado	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do pesquisador ui-button 	estudantes	nível de treinamento	data inclusão	ações 	nenhum registro adicionado 	técnicos	formação acadêmica	data inclusão	ações 	nenhum registro adicionado 	colaboradores estrangeiros	país	data inclusão	ações 	cristina azorín millaruelo	reino da espanha	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do colaborador estrangeiro ui-button 	dunia llanes padrón	republica de cuba	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do colaborador estrangeiro ui-button 	miquel térmens graells	reino da espanha	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do colaborador estrangeiro ui-button 	pascal aventurier	republica francesa	 / / 	visualizar currículo lattes ui-buttonvisualizar espelho do colaborador estrangeiro ui-button 			 			egressos 			 	pesquisadores	período de participação no grupo	ações 	 					adauto liberato de moura neto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					adriano gustavo sanchez gil 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					albano souza oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					alessandra analu moreira da silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					allana pereira da silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					amanda ferreira da silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ana celia sophia souza e lima 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					anaiza caminha gaspar 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ana paula cavalcante de santana 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ana rita pinheiro de freitas 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ana rosa de sá barreto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ana vitória assunção capistrano de alencar 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					anna caroline magalhães reis 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					arthur heleno lima rodrigues de souza 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					augusto scofano mainieri 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					beatriz kushnir 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					bruna lais campos do nascimento 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					carla lopes ferreira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					carlos alberto malcher bastos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					carlos gilberto vieira da silva junior 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					carolina lobato de carvalho teixeira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					cassiano neves falcão 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					claudia lima de andrade 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					claudio mauro vieira serra 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					cleison israel dos santos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					cleusa maria de souza maia 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					clovis armando alvarenga netto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					daniela ramalho martins 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					daniel lima viegas 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					danilo gregorio fragoni 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					dante luiz juliatto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					darlan jevaer schmitt 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					david capelo de carvalho 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					denis novaes lopes 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					diego sampaio vasconcelos ramalho lima 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					dyego de queiroz brum 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					eliane braga de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					elie henri hayon 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					elifas gonçalves junior 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					elisa granha lira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					elisângela alves de moura 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					elisete santos da silva zagheni 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					emilene andreia canal caetano 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					Érika mayumi kato cruz 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ernandes lopes bezerra 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ewilla cunha 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					fábio luiz daudt morais 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					fernanda weschenfelder 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					fernando william cruz 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					flávio duque estrada soares pereira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					flávio duque estrada soares pereira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					frederico augusto dos santos Ângelo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					frederico holtz filho 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					gabriela miranda do carmo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					gelci rostirolla 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					gercina Ângela de lima 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					gerson luiz de abreu henriques 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					giovani pieri 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					gregori schneider 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					guilherme da silva fontes lopes 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					igor garcia ballhausen sampaio 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					isadora pinheiro barbieri 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ivana aparecida ferrer silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					jéssica cristina silva do vale 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					joão felipe barbosa araripe silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					joão pedro buzzi 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					joão ricardo chagas dos santos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					joão thiago de guimarães anchieta e araújo campos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					johnatan marlyn ribeiro de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					jorge luiz cardoso 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					josé augusto de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					josé henrique adriano dos santos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					juliana vianna de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					kathryn cardim araujo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					larissa gouvêa trescastro 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lauro bessa lamenza 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lauro soares de freitas 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					leandro de amorim maia 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					leonardo de carvalho gomes 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					letícia moreira da silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lívia cavalcanti figueiredo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lucas afrânio silva de siqueira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lucas da costa pinto camacho 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lucas do monte barbosa 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					lucas vieira da silva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					luis eduardo brandão paiva 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					luiz carlos de mello flores júnior 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					luiz filipe medina bastos 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					marco antonio catussi paschoalotto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					marcos paulo gomes lara 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					mariana gomes magalhães 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					mariana mello pereira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					maria paula gonçalves reis 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					matheus rodrigues castro 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					matheus vitor de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					maurício de vargas corrêa 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					mayesk alves rocha 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					michael carneiro sampaio 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					milena camandaroba alves 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					moacyr amaral domingues figueiredo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					mônica cavalcanti sá de abreu 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					pablo valério polônia 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					patricia cristiane de souza 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					patrícia luque carreiro 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					paulo estevão lemos de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					pedro henrique masetto antunes 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					peng yaohao 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					priscila de assunção barreto côrbo 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					raissa cardoso 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ramon martins sodoma da fonseca 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ranna dourado barbosa costa 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					raphael alves de aguiar 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					raphael neves henriques oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					raynne suzano de freitas 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					rebeca vieira de oliveira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ricardo ghisi tobaldini 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					ricardo medeiros pimenta 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					richard mondin lago 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					roberta maria lima rodrigues de souza 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					robson seleme 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					sâmia thyaria alves costa 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					sara mamani gutiérrez 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					sérgio ricardo da silva rodrigues 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					silmária vieira cardoso 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					suzi da costa teixeira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					tatiana canelhas pignataro 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					tiago rodrigo marçal murakami 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					túlio mendes barbosa 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					valeria gameleira da mota 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					victor mac genity mainieri 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					virginia bentes pinto 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					virgínia ferreira da silva castro 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					wanderson stael paris 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					weverton seles coelho nunes 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	 					yan beltrame teixeira 					 	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	estudantes	período de participação no grupo	ações 	danielle cristina machado salmória	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	dayo de araujo silva côrbo	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	denise gomes silva morais cavalcante	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	gleice santos santana	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	guilherme luiz bandeira	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	gustavo dias da silva	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	jackson da silva medeiros	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	joão victor amorim pereira	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	karen lúcia alves bueno	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	luciano maciel ribeiro	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	marcel ferrante silva	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	maria aniolly queiroz maia	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	moisés saraiva de luna	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	priscilla mara bermudes araujo	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	ricardo sodré andrade	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	roberto jorge carneiro de souza leão	de / / a / / 	ui-button 	tatyana marques de macedo cardoso	de / / a / / 	ui-button 		 	 histórico de recursos humanos 		 			 				 nome: 					 					 			 			 				 nome do grupo: 					estudos e práticas de preservação digital 					 			 	perfil	data início	data fim 	nenhum registro adicionado pppp total de registros: 	 	 		fechar 		 						 						 						 						 						 	 		instituições parceiras relatadas pelo grupo 			nome da instituição parceira	sigla	uf	ações 	universidade de são paulo	usp	sp	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal da paraíba	ufpb	pb	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal de goiás	ufg	go	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal do rio grande do sul	ufrgs	rs	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade de brasília	unb	df	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal da bahia	ufba	ba	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal de santa maria	ufsm	rs	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade federal do rio grande do norte	ufrn	rn	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 	universidade estadual de campinas	unicamp	sp	visualizar espelho da instituição parceira ui-button 		 	 	 	 	 						 						 	 		indicadores de recursos humanos do grupo 			formação acadêmica	pesquisadores	estudantes	técnicos	colaboradores estrangeiros	total 	doutorado	 	 	 	 	 	mestrado	 	 	 	 	 	mestrado profissional	 	 	 	 	 	especialização	 	 	 	 	 	graduação	 	 	 	 	 	ensino médio ( o grau)	 	 	 	 	 		 	 						 						 	 		equipamentos e softwares relevantes 		 		 		o grupo de pesquisa possui equipamentos de p&d próprios e que não fazem parte de laboratório/infraestrutura de pesquisa da instituição, com valor superior a r$ mil? 			não 		 	equipamentos	ações 	nenhum registro adicionado 			 			o grupo de pesquisa possui softwares utilizados nas atividades de p&d? 			não 		 	softwares	ações 	nenhum registro adicionado 		 	 equipamento 				 					 						 							classificação 							 						 						 							nome do equipamento 							 						 						 							marca 							 						 						 							modelo 							 						 						 							especificações 							 						 						 							custo da aquisição (ou fabricação) em r$ ou us$ us$ 						 						 							entidade financeira 						 						 							estado do equipamento em dez. do ano anterior 							 						 						 							equipamento com desenvolvimento ou fabricação própria? 						 						 							concorda em disponibilizar esse software para uso por outros pesquisadores mediante agendamento prévio não compulsório? 						 					 				 				 				fechar 				 softwares 				 					 						 							tipo de licenciamento 							 						 						 							classificação 							 						 						 							nome 							 						 						 							versão 							 						 						 							fabricante 							 						 						 							especificações 							 						 						 							custo de licenciamento em r$ ou us$ 							 						 						 							entidade financeira 						 						 							concorda em disponibilizar esse software para uso por outros pesquisadores mediante agendamento prévio não compulsório? 						 					 				 				 				fechar 				 						 						imprimirfechar 						 	 					 					 					 				 imprimir 				 	itens 	 	identificação 	 	endereço 	 	repercussões dos trabalhos 	 	linhas de pesquisa 	 	recursos humanos 	 	indicadores de rh 	 	redes ou programas 	 	instituições de parcerias 				 			 			 			imprimir 		 	  	 the online unconference of niche interests – coral sheldon-hess 		skip to content 		 			 				 										 						 															 														 								coral sheldon-hess 								librarian, developer, engineer, maker, bird nerd 							 						 						 							open primary menu 							 						 							 							 								 								twitter 							 						 	 							 								 								linkedin 							 						 	 							 								 								rss 							 						 	 							 								 								github 							 						 	 							 								 								ravelry 							 						 						 		about 	blog 	contact 					 											 		sidebar 		posts by category 	librarianship 	leadership 	teaching and learning 	social justice 	alaska 	technology 	travel 	crafts 	geekery 	hiring and employment 	on a personal note 	past projects 	 									 								 						 		 		 	 		 			the online unconference of niche interests 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on november , 		 		 						 if you’re looking for a fun and educational thing to do this weekend, you might consider attending the second quarterly(??) online unconference of niche interests (“ouni” for short), scheduled to run from pm until a bit after pm eastern standard time, this sunday, november . we have a set of volunteer presenters who will each talk for up to minutes about a niche topic they’re into. sign up here if you’re interested in this or future ounis, and we’ll send you a link to the zoom session, the talk schedule, and the discord chat space.* you are welcome to drop in and out of the zoom, if there are only a few talks that interest you; of course, you’re also invited/encouraged to stay the whole time! our list of topics for this sunday: 	knitting but scary 	making herbal salves 	fanfiction: the sometimes sensational world of transformative fiction 	magnificent moose: animal, culture and representation 	all the fair dice 	glass sponges: delicate aliens 	post office trivia you will enjoy, and a plug for writing letters and postcards the schedule, with full session descriptions, is here. i know, i didn’t ever actually blog about the first online unconference of niche interests, sorry. the recordings we have permission to share are on this playlist, though. (yes, the one about owls was me. :)) topics not in the playlist included adaptive clothing, birdwatching, capture the flag (security games), octagon houses, and approval voting. i mention the previous list of topics in the hopes that they give you ideas. :) we do already have - talks pre-proposed for the next ouni, which is very exciting! the form for talk submissions is open now, and we’ll schedule the third ouni around the availability of presenters. if we get more talks than will fit in a nice - hour block (with breaks!), we’ll do community voting to decide which ones run. or we’ll schedule multiple weekends in a row? whatever, this whole thing is designed to be flexible and fun, and if we’re going to err, i’d really prefer to err on the side of including more people, not fewer. * we promise not to share your email address or to use it for anything except ouni announcements. (“we” is my spouse and me. i don’t foresee other volunteers needing email address access, but if this thing grows, i promise we’ll continue to be cautious and opt-in with everything.) note: the featured image on this post appears to have made its first appearance online at dudecraft.com (which is currently throwing a security error, so i won’t link it); it appears unattributed in many other places, though. 					 		published ingeekerytalksteaching and learning 			 		 	 		previous post 		what i’m telling family about covid- 	 	 		no newer posts 		return to blog	 		 		 			 				be first to comment			 		 		 					 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * 	 comment 	 	 	 name* 	 	 	 email* 	 	 	 website 	 	 wordpress hashcash needs javascript to work, but your browser has javascript disabled. your comment will be queued in akismet! 	 		 	 	 		 author wordpress theme by compete themes 	 library hat 	 		 						library hat 						http://www.bohyunkim.net/blog/ 		 		 		skip to content ↓ 		 			bohyunkim.net 	about 	publications 	presentations 	cv / resume 	 	 			 	 	 		 				 				 		 			 			blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases 			 			 				jul th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 * this post was also published in acrl techconnect.*** blockchain holds a great potential for both innovation and disruption. the adoption of blockchain also poses certain risks, and those risks will need to be addressed and mitigated before blockchain becomes mainstream. a lot of people have heard of blockchain at this point. but many are unfamiliar with how this new technology exactly works and unsure about under which circumstances or on what conditions it may be useful to libraries. in this post, i will provide a brief overview of the merits and the issues of blockchain. i will also make some suggestions for compelling use cases of blockchain at the end of this post. what blockchain accomplishes blockchain is the technology that underpins a well-known decentralized cryptocurrency, bitcoin. to simply put, blockchain is a kind of distributed digital ledger on a peer-to-peer (p p) network, in which records are confirmed and encrypted. blockchain records and keeps data in the original state in a secure and tamper-proof manner[ ] by its technical implementation alone, thereby obviating the need for a third-party authority to guarantee the authenticity of the data. records in blockchain are stored in multiple ledgers in a distributed network instead of one central location. this prevents a single point of failure and secures records by protecting them from potential damage or loss. blocks in each blockchain ledger are chained to one another by the mechanism called ‘proof of work.’ (for those familiar with a version control system such as git, a blockchain ledger can be thought of as something similar to a p p hosted git repository that allows sequential commits only.[ ]) this makes records in a block immutable and irreversible, that is, tamper-proof. in areas where the authenticity and security of records is of paramount importance, such as electronic health records, digital identity authentication/authorization, digital rights management, historic materials that may be contested or challenged due to the vested interests of certain groups, and digital provenance to name a few, blockchain can lead to efficiency, convenience, and cost savings. for example, with blockchain implemented in banking, one will be able to transfer funds across different countries without going through banks.[ ] this can drastically lower the fees involved, and the transaction will take effect much more quickly, if not immediately. similarly, adopted in real estate transactions, blockchain can make the process of buying and selling a property more straightforward and efficient, saving time and money.[ ] disruptive potential of blockchain the disruptive potential of blockchain lies in its aforementioned ability to render the role of a third-party authority obsolete, which records and validates transactions and guarantees their authenticity, should a dispute arise. in this respect, blockchain can serve as an alternative trust protocol that decentralizes traditional authorities. since blockchain achieves this by public key cryptography, however, if one loses one’s own personal key to the blockchain ledger holding one’s financial or real estate asset, for example, then that will result in the permanent loss of such asset. with the third-party authority gone, there will be no institution to step in and remedy the situation. issues this is only some of the issues with blockchain. other issues include (a) interoperability between different blockchain systems, (b) scalability of blockchain at a global scale with large amount of data, (c) potential security issues such as the % attack [ ], and (d) huge energy consumption [ ] that a blockchain requires to add a block to a ledger. note that the last issue of energy consumption has both environmental and economic ramifications because it can cancel out the cost savings gained from eliminating a third-party authority and related processes and fees. challenges for wider adoption there are growing interests in blockchain among information professionals, but there are also some obstacles to those interests gaining momentum and moving further towards wider trial and adoption. one obstacle is the lack of general understanding about blockchain in a larger audience of information professionals. due to its original association with bitcoin, many mistake blockchain for cryptocurrency. another obstacle is technical. the use of blockchain requires setting up and running a node in a blockchain network, such as ethereum[ ], which may be daunting to those who are not tech-savvy. this makes a barrier to entry high to those who are not familiar with command line scripting and yet still want to try out and test how a blockchain functions. the last and most important obstacle is the lack of compelling use cases for libraries, archives, and museums. to many, blockchain is an interesting new technology. but even many blockchain enthusiasts are skeptical of its practical benefits at this point when all associated costs are considered. of course, this is not an insurmountable obstacle. the more people get familiar with blockchain, the more ways people will discover to use blockchain in the information profession that are uniquely beneficial for specific purposes. suggestions for compelling use cases of blockchain in order to determine what may make a compelling use case of blockchain, the information profession would benefit from considering the following. 	what kind of data/records (or the series thereof) must be stored and preserved exactly the way they were created. 	what kind of information is at great risk to be altered and compromised by changing circumstances. 	what type of interactions may need to take place between such data/records and their users.[ ] 	how much would be a reasonable cost for implementation. these will help connecting the potential benefits of blockchain with real-world use cases and take the information profession one step closer to its wider testing and adoption. to those further interested in blockchain and libraries, i recommend the recordings from the library . online mini-conference, “blockchain applied: impact on the information profession,” held back in june. the blockchain national forum, which is funded by imls and is to take place in san jose, ca on august th, will also be livestreamed. notes [ ] for an excellent introduction to blockchain, see “the great chain of being sure about things,” the economist, october , , https://www.economist.com/news/briefing/ -technology-behind-bitcoin-lets-people-who-do-not-know-or-trust-each-other-build-dependable. [ ] justin ramos, “blockchain: under the hood,” thoughtworks (blog), august , , https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/blockchain-under-hood. [ ] the world food programme, the food-assistance branch of the united nations, is using blockchain to increase their humanitarian aid to refugees. blockchain may possibly be used for not only financial transactions but also the identity verification for refugees. russ juskalian, “inside the jordan refugee camp that runs on blockchain,” mit technology review, april , , https://www.technologyreview.com/s/ /inside-the-jordan-refugee-camp-that-runs-on-blockchain/. [ ] joanne cleaver, “could blockchain technology transform homebuying in cook county — and beyond?,” chicago tribune, july , , http://www.chicagotribune.com/classified/realestate/ct-re- -blockchain-homebuying- -story.html. [ ] “ % attack,” investopedia, september , , https://www.investopedia.com/terms/ / -attack.asp. [ ] sherman lee, “bitcoin’s energy consumption can power an entire country — but eos is trying to fix that,” forbes, april , , https://www.forbes.com/sites/shermanlee/ / / /bitcoins-energy-consumption-can-power-an-entire-country-but-eos-is-trying-to-fix-that/# ff aa bc . [ ] osita chibuike, “how to setup an ethereum node,” the practical dev, may , , https://dev.to/legobox/how-to-setup-an-ethereum-node- a . [ ] the interaction can also be a self-executing program when certain conditions are met in a blockchain ledger. this is called a “smart contract.” see mike orcutt, “states that are passing laws to govern ‘smart contracts’ have no idea what they’re doing,” mit technology review, march , , https://www.technologyreview.com/s/ /states-that-are-passing-laws-to-govern-smart-contracts-have-no-idea-what-theyre-doing/. 							 			 			posted in: coding, library, technology. 							tagged: bitcoin · blockchain · distributed ledger technology · dlt 			 		 		 				 		 			 			taking diversity to the next level 			 			 				dec th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 ** this post was also published in acrl techconnect on dec. , .*** “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums,” panel discussion program held at the university of rhode island libraries on thursday november , . getting minorities on board i recently moderated a panel discussion program titled “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums.” participating in organizing this program was interesting experience. during the whole time, i experienced my perspective constantly shifting back and forth as (i) someone who is a woman of color in the us who experiences and deals with small and large daily acts of discrimination, (ii) an organizer/moderator trying to get as many people as possible to attend and participate, and (iii) a mid-career librarian who is trying to contribute to the group efforts to find a way to move the diversity agenda forward in a positive and inclusive way in my own institution. in the past, i have participated in multiple diversity-themed programs either as a member of the organizing committee or as an attendee and have been excited to see colleagues organize and run such programs. but when asked to write or speak about diversity myself, i always hesitated and declined. this puzzled me for a long time because i couldn’t quite pinpoint where my own resistance was coming from. i am writing about this now because i think it may shed some light on why it is often difficult to get minorities on board with diversity-related efforts. a common issue that many organizers experience is that often these diversity programs draw many allies who are already interested in working on the issue of diversity, equity, and inclusion but not necessarily a lot of those who the organizers consider to be the target audience, namely, minorities. what may be the reason? perhaps i can find a clue for the answer to this question from my own resistance regarding speaking or writing about diversity, preferring rather to be in the audience with a certain distance or as an organizer helping with logistics behind the scene. to be honest, i always harbored a level of suspicion about how much of the sudden interests in diversity is real and how much of it is simply about being on the next hot trend. trends come and go, but issues lived through many lives of those who belong to various systematically disadvantaged and marginalized groups are not trends. although i have been always enthusiastic about participating in diversity-focused programs as attendees and was happy to see diversity, equity, and inclusion discussed in articles and talks, i wasn’t ready to sell out my lived experience as part of a hot trend, a potential fad. to be clear, i am not saying that any of the diversity-related programs or events were asking speakers or authors to be a sell-out. i am only describing how things felt to me and where my own resistance was originating. i have been and am happy to see diversity discussed even as a one-time fad. better a fad than no discussion at all. one may argue that that diversity has been actively discussed for quite some time now. a few years, maybe several, or even more. some of the prominent efforts to increase diversity in librarianship i know, for example, go as far back as when oregon state university libraries sponsored two scholarships to the code lib conference, one for women and the other for minorities, which have continued from then on as the code lib diversity scholarship. but if one has lived the entire life as a member of a systematically disadvantaged group either as a woman, a person of color, a person of certain sexual orientation, a person of a certain faith, a person with a certain disability, etc., one knows better than expecting some sudden interests in diversity to change the world we live in and most of the people overnight. i admit i have been watching the diversity discussion gaining more and more traction in librarianship with growing excitement and concern at the same time. for i felt that all of what is being achieved through so many people’s efforts may get wiped out at any moment. the more momentum it accrues, i worried, the more serious backlash it may come to face. for example, it was openly stated that seeking racial/ethnic diversity is superficial and for appearance’s sake and that those who appear to belong to “team diversity” do not work as hard as those in “team mainstream.” people make this type of statements in order to create and strengthen a negative association between multiple dimensions of diversity that are all non-normative (such as race/ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, immigration status, disability) and unfavorable value judgements (such as inferior intellectual capacity or poor work ethic).  according to this kind of flawed reasoning, a tech company whose entire staff consists of twenty-something white male programmers with a college degree, may well have achieved a high level of diversity because the staff might have potentially (no matter how unlikely) substantial intellectual and personal differences in their thinking, background, and experience, and therefore their clear homogeneity is no real problem. that’s just a matter of trivial “appearance.” the motivation behind this kind of intentional misdirection is to derail current efforts towards expanding diversity, equity, and inclusion by taking people’s attention away from the real issue of systematic marginalization in our society. of course, the ultimate goal of all diversity efforts should be not the mere inclusion of minorities but enabling them to have agency as equal as the agency those privileged already possess. but note that objections are being raised against mere inclusion. anti-diversity sentiment is real, and people will try to rationalize it in any way they can. then of course, the other source of my inner resistance to speaking or writing about diversity has been the simple fact that thinking about diversity, equity, and inclusion does not take me to a happy place. it reminds me of many bad experiences accumulated over time that i would rather not revisit. this is why i admire those who have spoken and written about their lived experience as a member of a systematically discriminated and marginalized group. their contribution is a remarkably selfless one. i don’t have a clear answer to how this reflection on my own resistance against actively speaking or writing about diversity will help future organizers. but clearly, being asked to join many times had an effect since i finally did accept the invitation to moderate a panel and wrote this article. so, if you are serious about getting more minorities – whether in different religions, genders, disabilities, races, etc. – to speak or write on the issue, then invite them and be ready to do it over and over again even if they decline. don’t expect that they will trust you at the first invitation. understand that by accepting such an invitation, minorities do risk far more than non-minorities will ever do. the survey i ran for the registrants of the “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums” panel discussion program showed several respondents expressing their concern about the backlash at their workplaces that did or may result from participating in diversity efforts as a serious deterrent. if we would like to see more minorities participate in diversity efforts, we must create a safe space for everyone and take steps to deal with potential backlash that may ensue afterwards. a gentle intro or a deep dive? another issue that many organizers of diversity-focused events, programs, and initiatives struggle with is two conflicting expectations from their audience. on one hand, there are those who are familiar with diversity, equity, and inclusion issues and want to see how institutions and individuals are going to take their initial efforts to the next level. these people often come from organizations that already implemented certain pro-diversity measures such as search advocates for the hiring process. and educational programs that familiarize the staff with the topic of diversity, equity, and inclusion. on the other hand, there are still many who are not quite sure what diversity, equity, and inclusion exactly mean in a workplace or in their lives. those people would continue to benefit from a gentle introduction to things such as privilege, microaggression, and unconscious biases. the feedback surveys collected after the “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums” panel discussion program showed these two different expectations. some people responded that they deeply appreciated the personal stories shared by the panelists, noting that they did not realize how often minorities are marginalized even in one day’s time. others, however, said they would be like to hear more about actionable items and strategies that can be implemented to further advance the values of diversity, equity, and inclusion that go beyond personal stories. balancing these two different demands is a hard act for organizers. however, this is a testament to our collective achievement that more and more people are aware of the importance of continuing efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion in libraries, archives, and museums. i do think that we need to continue to provide a general introduction to diversity-related issues, exposing people to everyday experience of marginalized groups such as micro-invalidation, impostor syndrome, and basic concepts like white privilege, systematic oppression, colonialism, and intersectionality. one of the comments we received via the feedback survey after our diversity panel discussion program was that the program was most relevant in that it made “having colleagues attend with me to hear what i myself have never told them” possible. general programs and events can be an excellent gateway to more open and less guarded discussion. at the same time, it seems to be high time for us in libraries, museums, and archives to take a deep dive into different realms of diversity, equity, and inclusion as well. diversity comes in many dimensions such as age, disability, religion, sexual orientation, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. many of us feel more strongly about one issue than others. we should create opportunities for ourselves to advocate for specific diversity issues that we care most. the only thing i would emphasize is that one specific dimension of diversity should not be used as an excuse to neglect others. exploring socioeconomic inequality issues without addressing how they work combined with the systematic oppression of marginalized groups such as native americans, women, or immigrants at the same time can be an example of such a case. all dimensions of diversity are closely knitted with one another, and they do not exist independently. for this reason, a deep dive into different realms of diversity, equity, and inclusion must be accompanied by the strong awareness of their intersectionality. recommendations and resources for future organizers organizing a diversity-focused program takes a lot of effort. while planning the “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums” panel discussion program at the university of rhode island libraries, i worked closely with my library dean, karim boughida, who originally came up with the idea of having a panel discussion program at the university of rhode island libraries, and renee neely in the libraries’ diversity initiatives for approximately two months. for panelists, we decided to recruit as many minorities from diverse institutions and backgrounds. we were fortunate to find panelists from a museum, an archive, both a public and an academic library with varying degrees of experience in the field from only a few years to over twenty-five years, ranging from a relatively new archivist to an experienced museum and a library director. our panel consisted of one-hundred percent people of color. the thoughts and perspectives that those panelists shared were, as a result, remarkably diverse and insightful. for this reason, i recommend spending some time to get the right speakers for your program if your program will have speakers. discussion at the “building bridges in a divisive climate: diversity in libraries, archives, and museums,” at the university of rhode island libraries another thing i would like to share is the questions that i created for the panel discussion. even though we had a whole hour, i was able to cover only several of them. but since i discussed all these questions in advance with the panelists and they helped me put a final touch on some of those, i think these questions can be useful to future organizers who may want to run a similar program. they can be utilized for a panel discussion, an unconference, or other types of programs. i hope this is helpful and save time for other organizers. sample questions for the diversity panel discussion 	why should libraries, archives, museums pay attention to the issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion? 	in what ways do you think the lack of diversity in our profession affects the perception of libraries, museums, and archives in the communities we serve? 	do you have any personal or work-related stories that you would like to share that relate to diversity, equity, and inclusion issues? 	how did you get interested in diversity, equity, and inclusion issues? 	suppose you discovered that your library’s, archive’s or museum’s collection includes prejudiced information, controversial objects/ documents, or hate-inducing material. what would you do? 	suppose a group of your library / archive / museum patrons want to use your space to hold a local gathering that involves hate speech. what would you do? what would you be mostly concerned about, and what would the things that you would consider to make a decision on how you will respond? 	do you think libraries, archives, and museums are a neutral place? what do you think neutrality means to a library, an archive, a museum in practice in a divisive climate such as now? 	what are some of the areas in libraries, museums, and archives where you see privileges and marginalization function as a barrier to achieving our professional values – equal access and critical thinking?  what can we do to remove those barriers? 	could you tell us how colonialist thinking and practice are affecting libraries, museums, and archives either consciously or unconsciously?  since not everyone is familiar with what colonialism is, please begin with first your brief interpretation of what colonialist thinking or practice look like in libraries, museums, and archives first? 	what do you think libraries, archives, and museums can do more to improve critical thinking in the community that we serve? 	although libraries, archives, museums have been making efforts to recruit, hire, and retain diverse personnel in recent years, the success rate has been relatively low. for example, in librarianship, it has been reported that often those hired through these efforts experienced backlash at their own institutions, were subject to unrealistic expectations, and met with unsupportive environment, which led to burnout and a low retention rate of talented people. from your perspective – either as a manager hiring people or a relatively new librarian who looked for jobs – what do you think can be done to improve this type of unfortunate situation? 	many in our profession express their hesitation to actively participate in diversity, equity, and inclusion-related discussion and initiatives at their institutions because of the backlash from their own coworkers. what do you think we can do to minimize such backlash? 	some people in our profession express strong negative feelings regarding diversity, equity, and inclusion-related initiatives. how much of this type of anti-diversity sentiment do you think exist in your field? some worry that this is even growing faster in the current divisive and intolerant climate. what do you think we can do to counter such anti-diversity sentiment? 	there are many who are resistant to the values of diversity, equity, and inclusion. have you taken any action to promote and advance these values facing such resistance? if so, what was your experience like, and what would be some of the strategies you may recommend to others working with those people? 	many people in our profession want to take our diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives to the next level, beyond offering mere lip service or simply playing a numbers game for statistics purpose. what do you think that next level may be? lastly, i felt strongly about ensuring that the terms and concepts often thrown out in diversity/equity/inclusion-related programs and events – such as intersectionality, white privilege, microaggression, patriarchy, colonialism, and so on – are not used to unintentionally alienate those who are unfamiliar with them. these concepts are useful and convenient shortcuts that allow us to communicate a large set of ideas previously discussed and digested, so that we can move our discussion forward more efficiently. they should not make people feel uncomfortable nor generate any hint of superiority or inferiority. to this end, i create a pre-program survey which all program registrants were encouraged to take. my survey simply asked people how familiar and how comfortable they are with a variety of terms. at the panel discussion program, we also distributed the glossary of these terms, so that people can all become familiar with them. also, videos can quickly bring all attendees up-to-speed with some basic concepts and phenomena in diversity discussion. for example, in the beginning of our panel discussion program, i played two short videos, “life of privilege explained in a $ race” and “what if we treated white coworkers the way we treat minority coworkers?”, which were well received by the attendees. i am sharing the survey questions, the video links, and the glossary in the hope that they may be helpful as a useful tool for future organizers. for example, one may decide to provide a glossary like this before the program or run an unconference that aims at unpacking the meanings of these terms and discussing how they relate to people’s daily lives. in closing: diversity, libraries, technology, and our own biases disagreements on social issues are natural. but the divisiveness that we are currently experiencing seems to be particularly intense. this deeply concerns us, educators and professionals working in libraries, archives, and museums. libraries, archives, and museums are public institutions dedicated to promoting and advancing civic values. diversity, equity, and inclusion are part of those core civic values that move our society forward. this task, however, has become increasingly challenging as our society moves in a more and more divisive direction. to make matters even more complicated, libraries, archives, museums in general lack diversity in their staff composition. this homogeneity can impede achieving our own mission. according to the recent report from ithaka s+r released this august, we do not appear to have gotten very far. their report “inclusion, diversity, and equity: members of the association of research (arl) libraries – employee demographics and director perspectives,” shows that libraries and library leadership/administration are both markedly white-dominant ( % and % white non-hispanic respectively). also, while librarianship in general are female dominant ( %), the technology field in libraries is starkly male ( %) along with makerspace ( %), facilities ( %), and security ( %) positions. the survey results in the report show that while the majority of library directors say there are barriers to achieving more diversity in their library, they attribute those barriers to external rather than internal factors such as the library’s geographic location and the insufficiently diverse application pool resulting from the library’s location. what is fascinating, however, is that this directly conflicts with the fact that libraries do show little variation in the ratio of white staff based on degree of urbanization. equally interesting is that the staff in more homogeneous and less diverse (over % white non-hispanic) libraries think that their libraries are much more equitable than the library community ( % vs %) and that library directors (and staff) consider their own library to be more equitable, diverse, and inclusive than the library community with respect to almost every category such as race/ethnicity, gender, lgbtq, disabilities, veterans, and religion. while these findings in the ithaka s+r report are based upon the survey results from arl libraries, similar staff composition and attitudes can be assumed to apply to libraries in general. there is a great need for both the library administration and the staff to understand their own unconscious and implicit biases, workplace norms, and organizational culture that may well be thwarting their own diversity efforts. diversity, equity, and inclusion have certainly been a topic of active discussion in the recent years. many libraries have established a committee or a task force dedicated to improving diversity. but how are those efforts paying out? are they going beyond simply paying a lip service? is it making a real difference to everyday experience of minority library workers? can we improve, and if so where and how? where do we go from here? those would be the questions that we will need to examine in order to take our diversity efforts in libraries, archives, and museums to the next level. notes 	 the program description is available at https://web.uri.edu/library/ / / /building-bridges-in-a-divisive-climate-diversity-in-libraries-archives-and-museums/ ↩ 	 carol bean, ranti junus, and deborah mouw, “conference report: code libcon ,” the code lib journal, no. (march , ), http://journal.code lib.org/articles/ . ↩ 	 note that this kind of biased assertions often masquerades itself as an objective intellectual pursuit in academia when in reality, it is a direct manifestation of an existing prejudice reflecting the limited and shallow experience of the person posting the question him/herself. a good example of this is found in the remark in made by larry summers, the former harvard president. he suggested that one reason for relatively few women in top positions in science may be “issues of intrinsic aptitude” rather than widespread indisputable everyday discrimination against women. he resigned after the harvard faculty of arts and sciences cast a vote of no confidence. see scott jaschik, “what larry summers said,” inside higher ed, february , , https://www.insidehighered.com/news/ / / /summers _ . ↩ 	 our pre-program survey questions can be viewed at https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/ faipqlscp-nqnkhaqli_ pvdidw-dqzraflycdikutu dzjqm f ra/viewform. ↩ 	 for this purpose, asking all participants to respect one another’s privacy in advance can be a good policy. in addition to this, we specifically decided not to stream or record our panel discussion program, so that both panelists and attendees can freely share their experience and thoughts. ↩ 	 a good example is the search advocate program from oregon state university. see http://searchadvocate.oregonstate.edu/. ↩ 	 for an example, see the workshops offered by the office of community, equity, and inclusion of the university of rhode island at https://web.uri.edu/diversity/ced-inclusion-courses-overview/. ↩ 	 for the limitations of the mainstream diversity discussion in lis (library and information science) with the focus on inclusion and cultural competency, see david james hudson, “on ‘diversity’ as anti-racism in library and information studies: a critique,” journal of critical library and information studies , no. (january , ), https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ . /jclis.v i . . ↩ 	you can see our glossary at https://drive.google.com/file/d/ uci huuytrelgny-dbnsoxf_ilpm n/view?usp=sharing; this glossary was put together by renee neely. ↩ 	 for the nitty-gritty logistical details for organizing a large event with a group of local and remote volunteers, check the organizer’s toolkit created by the #critlib unconference organizers at https://critlib .wordpress.com/organizers-toolkit/. ↩ 	 roger schonfeld and liam sweeney, “inclusion, diversity, and equity: members of the association of research libraries,” ithaka s+r, august , , http://www.sr.ithaka.org/publications/inclusion-diversity-and-equity-arl/. ↩ 	 for the early discussion of diversity-focused recruitment in library technology, see jim hahn, “diversity recruitment in library information technology,” acrl techconnect blog, august , , https://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/diversity-recruitment-in-library-information-technology. ↩ 	 see april hathcock, “white librarianship in blackface: diversity initiatives in lis,” in the library with the lead pipe, october , , http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/ /lis-diversity/ and angela galvan, “soliciting performance, hiding bias: whiteness and librarianship,” in the library with the lead pipe (blog), june , , http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/ /soliciting-performance-hiding-bias-whiteness-and-librarianship. ↩ 							 			 			posted in: diversity. 							tagged: equity · inclusion · resources 			 		 		 				 		 			 			from need to want: how to maximize social impact for libraries, archives, and museums 			 			 				oct th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 at the ndp at three event organized by imls yesterday, sayeed choudhury on the “open scholarly communications” panel suggested that libraries think about return on impact in addition to return on investment (roi). he further elaborated on this point by proposing a possible description of such impact. his description was that when an object or resource created through scholarly communication efforts is being used by someone we don’t know and is interpreted correctly without contacting us (=libraries, archives, museums etc.), that is an impact; to push that further, if someone uses the object or the resource in a way we didn’t anticipate, that’s an impact; if it is integrated into someone’s workflow, that’s also an impact. this emphasis on impact as a goal for libraries, archives, and museums (or non-profit organizations in general to apply broadly) resonated with me particularly because i gave a talk just a few days ago to a group of librarians at the iolug conference about how libraries can and should maximize their social impact in the context of innovation in the way many social entrepreneurs have been already doing for quite some time. in this post, i would like to revisit one point that i made in that talk. it is a specific interpretation of the idea of maximizing social impact as a conscious goal for libraries, archives, and museums (lam). hopefully, this will provide a useful heuristic for lam institutions in mapping out the future efforts. considering that roi is a measure of cost-effectiveness, i believe impact is a much better goal than roi for lam institutions. we often think that to collect, organize, provide equitable access to, and preserve information, knowledge, and cultural heritage is the goal of a library, an archive, and a museum. but doing that well doesn’t mean simply doing it cost-effectively. our efforts no doubt aim at achieving better-collected, better-organized, better-accessed, and better-preserved information, knowledge, and cultural heritage. however, our ultimate end-goal is attained only when such information, knowledge, and cultural heritage is better used by our users. not simply better accessed, but better used in the sense that the person gets to leverage such information, knowledge, and cultural heritage to succeed in whatever endeavor that s/he was making, whether it be career success, advanced education, personal fulfillment, or private business growth. in my opinion, that’s the true impact that lam institutions should aim at. if that kind of impact were a destination, cost-effectiveness is simply one mode of transportation, preferred one maybe but not quite comparable to the destination in terms of importance. but what does “better used” exactly mean? “integrated into people’s workflow” is a hint; “unanticipated use” is another clue. if you are like me and need to create and design that kind of integrated or unanticipated use at your library, archive, or museum, how will you go about that? this is the same question we ask over and over again. how do you plan and implement innovation? yes, we will go talk to our users, ask what they would like to see, meet with our stakeholders and find out their interests and concerns are, discuss ourselves what we can do to deliver things that our users want, and go from there to another wonderful project we work hard for. then after all that, we reach a stage where we stop and wonder where that “greater social impact” went in almost all our projects. and we frantically look for numbers. how many people accessed what we created? how many downloads? what does the satisfaction survey say? in those moments, how does the “impact” verbiage help us? how does that help us in charting our actual path to creating and maximizing our social impact more than the old-fashioned “roi” verbiage? at least roi is quantifiable and measurable. this, i believe, is why we need a more concrete heuristic to translate the lofty “impact” to everyday “actions” we can take. maybe not quite as specific as to dictate what exactly those actions are at each project level but a bit more specific to enable us to frame the value we are attempting to create and deliver at our lam institutions beyond cost-effectiveness. i think the heuristic we need is the conversion of need to demand. what is an untapped need that people are not even aware of in the realm of information, knowledge, and cultural heritage? when we can identify any such need in a specific form and successfully convert that need to a demand, we make an impact. by “demand,” i mean the kind of user experience that people will desire and subsequently fulfill by using that object, resource, tool, service, etc., we create at our library, archive, and museum. (one good example of such desirable ux that comes to my mind is nypl photo booth: https://www.nypl.org/blog/ / / /snapshots-nypl.) when we create a demand out of such an untapped need, when the fulfillment of that kind of demand effectively creates, strengthens, and enriches our society in the direction of information, knowledge, evidence-based decisions, and truth being more valued, promoted, and equitably shared, i think we get to maximize our social impact. in the last “going forward” panel where the information discovery was discussed, loretta parham pointed out that in the corporate sector, information finds consumers, not the other way. by contrast, we (by which i mean all of us working at lam institutions) still frame our value in terms of helping and supporting users access and use our material, resources, and physical and digital objects and tools. this is a mistake in my opinion, because it is a self-limiting value proposition for libraries, archives, and museums. what is the point of us lam institutions, working so hard to get the public to use their resources and services? the end goal is so that we can maximize our social impact through such use. the rhetoric of “helping and supporting people to access and use our resources” does not adequately convey that. businesses want their clients to use their goods and services, of course. but their real target is the making of profit out of those uses, aka purchases. similarly, but far more importantly, the real goal of libraries, archives and museums is to move the society forward, closer in the direction of knowledge, evidence-based decisions, and truth being more valued, promoted, and equitably shared. one person at a time, yes, but the ultimate goal reaching far beyond individuals. the end goal is maximizing our impact on this side of the public good.   							 			 			posted in: librarianship, library, management, usability, user experience. 							tagged: archives · change · d d · design thinking · digital collection · goal · impact · innovation · libraries · museums · ndpthree · social entrepreneurship · ux 			 		 		 				 		 			 			how to price d printing service fees 			 			 				may nd, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on may. , .*** many libraries today provide d printing service. but not all of them can afford to do so for free. while free d printing may be ideal, it can jeopardize the sustainability of the service over time. nevertheless, many libraries tend to worry about charging service fees. in this post, i will outline how i determined the pricing schema for our library’s new d printing service in the hope that more libraries will consider offering d printing service if having to charge the fee is a factor stopping them. but let me begin with libraries’ general aversion to fees. a d printer in action at the health sciences and human services library (hs/hsl), univ. of maryland, baltimore service fees are not your enemy charging fees for the library’s service is not something librarians should regard as a taboo. we live in the times in which a library is being asked to create and provide more and more new and innovative services to help users successfully navigate the fast-changing information landscape. a makerspace and d printing are certainly one of those new and innovative services. but at many libraries, the operating budget is shrinking rather than increasing. so, the most obvious choice in this situation is to aim for cost-recovery. it is to be remembered that even when a library aims for cost-recovery, it will be only partial cost-recovery because there is a lot of staff time and expertise that is spent on planning and operating such new services. libraries should not be afraid to introduce new services requiring service fees because users will still benefit from those services often much more greatly than a commercial equivalent (if any). think of service fees as your friend. without them, you won’t be able to introduce and continue to provide a service that your users need. it is a business cost to be expected, and libraries will not make profit out of it (even if they try). still bothered? almost every library charges for regular (paper) printing. should a library rather not provide printing service because it cannot be offered for free? library users certainly wouldn’t want that. determining your service fees what do you need in order to create a pricing scheme for your library’s d printing service? (a) first, you need to list all cost-incurring factors. those include (i) the equipment cost and wear and tear, (ii) electricity, (iii) staff time & expertise for support and maintenance, and (iv) any consumables such as d print filament, painter’s tape. remember that your new d printer will not last forever and will need to be replaced by a new one in - years. also, some of these cost-incurring factors such as staff time and expertise for support is fixed per d print job. on the other hand, another cost-incurring factor, d print filament, for example, is a cost factor that increases in proportion to the size/density of a d model that is printed. that is, the larger and denser a d print model is, the more filament will be used incurring more cost. (b) second, make sure that your pricing scheme is readily understood by users. does it quickly give users a rough idea of the cost before their d print job begins? an obscure pricing scheme can confuse users and may deter them from trying out a new service. that would be bad user experience. also in d printing, consider if you will also charge for a failed print. perhaps you do. perhaps you don’t. maybe you want to charge a fee that is lower than a successful print. whichever one you decide on, have that covered since failed prints will certainly happen. (c) lastly, the pricing scheme should be easily handled by the library staff. the more library staff will be involved in the entire process of a library patron using the d printing service from the beginning to the end, the more important this becomes. if the pricing scheme is difficult for the staff to work with when they need charge for and process each d print job, the new d printing service will increase their workload significantly. which staff will be responsible for which step of the new service? what would be the exact tasks that the staff will need to do? for example, it may be that several staff at the circulation desk need to learn and handle new tasks involving the d printing service, such as labeling and putting away completed d models, processing the payment transaction, delivering the model, and marking the job status for the paid d print job as ‘completed’ in the d printing staff admin portal if there is such a system in place. below is the screenshot of the hs/hsl d printing staff admin portal developed in-house by the library it team. the hs/hsl d printing staff admin portal, university of maryland, baltimore examples – d printing service fees it’s always helpful to see how other libraries are doing when you need to determine your own pricing scheme. here are some examples that shows ten libraries’ d printing pricing scheme changed over the recent three years. 	unr delamare library 	https://guides.library.unr.edu/ dprinting 	 – $ . per cubic inch of modeling material (raised to $ . starting july, ). 	 – uprint – model material: $ . per cubic inch (= . gm= . lb) 	 – uprint – support materials: $ . per cubic inch 	ncsu hunt library 	https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/do/ d-printing 	 -  uprint d printer: $ per cubic inch of material (abs), with a $ minimum 	 – makerbot d printer: $ . per gram of material (pla), with a $ minimum 	 – uprint – $ per cubic inch of material, $ minimum 	 – f – $ . per gram of material, $ minimum 	southern illinois university library 	http://libguides.siue.edu/ d/request 	 – originally $ per hour of printing time; reduced to $ as the demand grew. 	 – lulzbot taz , luzbot mini – $ .  per hour of printing time. 	byu library 	http://guides.lib.byu.edu/c.php?g= &p= 	 – – makerbot replicator / ultimaker extended 	$ . per gram for standard ( . mm) resolution; $ . per gram for high ( . mm) resolution. 	university of michigan library 	the cube d printer checkout is no longer offered. 	 – cost for professional d printing service; open access d printing is free. 	gvsu library 	https://www.gvsu.edu/techshowcase/makerspace- .htm 	 – $ . per gram with a $ . minimum 	 – free (ultimaker +, makerbot replicator , , x) 	university of tennessee, chattanooga library 	http://www.utc.edu/library/services/studio/ d-printing/index.php 	 – – makerbot th, th – $ . per gram 	port washington public library 	http://www.pwpl.org/ d-printing/ d-printing-guidelines/ 	 – makerbot – $ per hour of printing time 	miami university 	 – $ . per gram of the finished print; – ? 	ucla library, dalhousie university library ( ) 	free types of d printing service fees from the examples above, you will notice that many d printing service fee schemes are based upon the weight of a d-print model. this is because these libraries are trying recover the cost of the d filament, and the amount of filament used is most accurately reflected in the weight of the resulting d-printed model. however, there are a few problems with the weight-based d printing pricing scheme. first, it is not readily calculable by a user before the print job, because to do so, the user will have to weigh a model that s/he won’t have until it is d-printed. also, once d-printed, the staff will have to weigh each model and calculate the cost. this is time-consuming and not very efficient. for this reason, my library considered an alternative pricing scheme based on the size of a d model. the idea was that we will have roughly three different sizes of an empty box – small, medium, and large –  with three different prices assigned. whichever box into which a user’s d printed object fits will determine how much the user will pay for her/his d-printed model. this seemed like a great idea because it is easy to determine how much a model will cost to d-print to both users and the library staff in comparison to the weight-based pricing scheme. unfortunately, this size-based pricing scheme has a few significant flaws. a smaller model may use more filament than a larger model if it is denser (meaning the higher infill ratio). second, depending on the shape of a model, a model that fits  in a large box may use much less filament than the one that fits in a small box. think about a large tree model with think branches. then compare that with a % filled compact baseball model that fits into a smaller box than the tree model does. thirdly, the resolution that determines a layer height may change the amount of filament used even if what is d-printed is a same model. different infill ratios – image from https://www.packtpub.com/sites/default/files/article-images/ os_ _ .png charging based upon the d printing time so we couldn’t go with the size-based pricing scheme. but we did not like the problems of the weight-based pricing scheme, either. as an alternative, we decided to go with the time-based pricing scheme because printing time is proportionate to how much filament is used, but it does not require that the staff weigh the model each time. a d-printing software gives an estimate of the printing time, and most d printers also display actual printing time for each model printed. first, we wanted to confirm the hypothesis that d printing time and the weight of the resulting model are proportionate to each other. i tested this by translating the weight-based cost to the time-based cost based upon the estimated printing time and the estimated weight of several cube models. here is the result i got using the makerbot replicator x. 	 . gm/ min= . gm per min. 	 . gm/ min= . gm per min. 	 . gm/ min=  . gm per min. 	 . gm/ min= . gm per min. 	 . gm/ min= . gm per min. 	 . gm/ min= . gm per min. there is some variance, but the hypothesis holds up. based upon this, now let’s calculate the d printing cost by time. d plastic filament is $ for abs/pla and $ for the dissolvable per . kg  (= . lb) from makerbot. that means that filament cost is $ . per gram for abs/pla and $ .  per gram for the dissolvable. so, d filament cost is cents per gram on average. finalizing the service fee for d printing for an hour of d printing time, the amount of filament used would be . gm (= .  x min). this gives us the filament cost of cents per hour of d printing (= . gm x cents). so, for the cost-recovery of filament only, i get roughly $ per hour of d printing time. earlier, i mentioned that filament is only one of the cost-incurring factors for the d printing service. it’s time to bring in those other factors, such as hardware wear/tear, staff time, electricity, maintenance, etc., plus “no-charge-for-failed-print-policy,” which was adopted at our library. those other factors will add an additional amount per d print job. and at my library, this came out to be about $ . (i will not go into details about how these have been determined because those will differ at each library.) so, the final service fee for our new d printing service was set to be $ up to hour of d printing + $ per additional hour of d printing. the $ is broken down to $ per hour of d printing that accounts for the filament cost and $ fixed cost for every d print job. to help our users to quickly get an idea of how much their d print job will cost, we have added a feature to the hs/hsl d print job submission form online. this feature automatically calculates and displays the final cost based upon the printing time estimate that a user enters.   the hs/hsl d print job submission form, university of maryland, baltimore don’t be afraid of service fees i would like to emphasize that libraries should not be afraid to set service fees for new services. as long as they are easy to understand and the staff can explain the reasons behind those service fees, they should not be a deterrent to a library trying to introduce and provide a new innovative service. there is a clear benefit in running through all cost-incurring factors and communicating how the final pricing scheme was determined (including the verification of the hypothesis that d printing time and the weight of the resulting model are proportionate to each other) to all library staff who will be involved in the new d printing service. if any library user inquire about or challenges the service fee, the staff will be able to provide a reasonable explanation on the spot. i implemented this pricing scheme at the same time as the launch of my library’s makerspace (the hs/hsl innovation space at the university of maryland, baltimore – http://www.hshsl.umaryland.edu/services/ispace/) back in april . we have been providing d printing service and charging for it for more than two years. i am happy to report that during that entire duration, we have not received any complaint about the service fee. no library user expected our new d printing service to be free, and all comments that we received regarding the service fee were positive. many expressed a surprise at how cheap our d printing service is and thanked us for it. to summarize, libraries should be willing to explore and offer new innovating services even when they require charging service fees. and if you do so, make sure that the resulting pricing scheme for the new service is (a) sustainable and accountable, (b) readily graspable by users, and (c) easily handled by the library staff who will handle the payment transaction. good luck and happy d printing at your library! an example model with the d printing cost and the filament info displayed at the hs/hsl, university of maryland, baltimore 							 			 			posted in: library, management, technology, user experience. 							tagged: d printer · d printing · budget · charge · cost · funding · makerspace · service fees · sustainability · user experience · ux 			 		 		 				 		 			 			post-election statements and messages that reaffirm diversity 			 			 				nov th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 these are statements and messages sent out publicly or internally to re-affirm diversity, equity, and inclusion by libraries or higher ed institutions. i have collected these – some myself and many others through my fellow librarians. some of them were listed on my blog post, “finding the right words in post-election libraries and higher ed.” so there are some duplicates. if you think that your organization is already so much pro-diversity that there is no need to confirm or re-affirm diversity, you can’t be farther from the everyday reality that minorities experience. sometimes, saying isn’t much. but right now, saying it out loud can mean everything. if you support those who belong to minority groups but don’t say it out loud, how would they know it? right now, nothing is obvious other than there is a lot of hate and violence towards minorities. feel free to use these as your resource to craft a similar message. feel free to add if you have similar messages you have received or created in the comments section. if you haven’t heard from the organization you belong to, please ask for a message reaffirming and committing to diversity, equity, and inclusion. [update / / : statements from ala and lita have been released. i have added them below.] i will continue to add additional statements as i find them. if you see anything missing, please add below in the comment or send it via twitter @bohyunkim. thanks! from librarians 	but i know that there will be libraries librarian zoe fisher to other librarians 	care for one another director chris bourg to the mit libraries staff 	finding the right words in post-election libraries and higher ed (my e-mail sent to the it team at university of maryland, baltimore health sciences and human services library) 	with a a pin and a prayer dean k. g. schneider to the sonoma state university library staff from library associations 	lita 	ala 	pla 	arl 	dlf 	code lib [draft in github] from libraries 	james madison university libraries 	northwestern university libraries 	university of oregon libraries from higher ed institutions 	clarke university 	cuny 	duke universitymit 	loyola university, maryland 	northwestern university 	penn state university 	the catholic university of america 	university of california 	university of michigan 	university of nebraska, lincoln 	university of nevada, reno 	university of oregon 	university of rochester and rochester institute of technology 	university of florida addressing racially charged flyers on the campus 	marshall university president jerome a. gilbert’s statement regarding post-election tweet drexel university moving on as a community after the election dear members of the drexel community, it is heartening to me to see the drexel community come together over the last day to digest the news of the presidential election — and to do so in the spirit of support and caring that is so much a part of this university. we gathered family-style, meeting in small, informal groups in several places across campus, including the student center for inclusion and culture, our residence halls, and as colleagues over a cup of coffee. many student leaders, particularly from our multicultural organizations, joined the conversation. this is not a process that can be completed in just one day, of course. so i hope these conversations will continue as long as students, faculty and professional staff feel they are needed, and i want to assure you that our professional staff in student life, human resources, faculty affairs, as well as our colleagues in the lindy center for civic engagement, will be there for your support. without question, many members of our community were deeply concerned by the inflammatory rhetoric and hostility on the campaign trail that too often typified this bitter election season. as i wrote over the summer, the best response to an uncertain and at times deeply troubling world is to remain true to our values as an academic community. in the context of a presidential election, it is vital that we understand and respect that members of our broadly diverse campus can hold similarly diverse political views. the expression of these views is a fundamental element of the free exchange of ideas and intellectual inquiry that makes drexel such a vibrant institution. at the same time, drexel remains committed to ensuring a welcoming, inclusive, and respectful environment. those tenets are more important than ever. while we continue to follow changes on the national scene, it is the responsibility of each of us at drexel to join together to move ahead, unified in our commitment to open dialogue, civic engagement and inclusion. i am grateful for all you do to support drexel as a community that welcomes and encourages all of its members. lane community college good morning, colleagues, i am in our nation’s capital today. i’d rather be at home! like me, i am guessing that many of you were glued to the media last night to find out the results of the election. though we know who our next president will be, this transition still presents a lot of uncertainty. it is not clear what our future president’s higher education policies will be but we will be working with our national associations to understand and influence where we can. during times like this there is an opening for us to decide how we want to be with each other. moods will range from joy to sadness and disbelief. it seems trite but we do need to work together, now more than ever. as educators we have a unique responsibility to create safe learning environments where every student can learn and become empowered workers and informed citizens. this imperative seems even more important today. our college values of equity and inclusion have not changed and will not change and it is up to each of us to assure that we live out our values in every classroom and in each interaction. preparing ourselves and our students for contentious discussions sparked by the election is work we must do. it is quite likely that some of our faculty, staff and students may be feeling particularly vulnerable right now. can we reach out to each other and let each other know that we all belong at lane? during my inservice remarks i said that “we must robustly reject the calculated narrative of cynicism, division and despair. instead of letting this leak into our narratives, together we can bet on hope not fear, respect not hate, unity not division.” at lane we have the intellect (and proud of it) and wherewithal to do this. i am attaching a favorite reading from meg wheatley which is resonating with me today and will end with gary snyder’s words from to the children …..stay together learn the flowers go light. maryland institute college of art post-election community forums and support dear campus community, no matter how each of us voted yesterday, most of us likely agree that the presidential campaign has been polarizing on multiple fronts. as a result, today is a difficult day for our nation and our campus community. in our nation, regardless of how one has aligned with a candidate, half of our country feels empowered and the other half sad and perhaps angry. because such dynamics and feelings need to be addressed and supported on campus, this memo outlines immediate resources for our community of students, faculty and staff, and describes opportunities for fashioning dialogues and creative actions going forward. before sharing the specifics, let me say unambiguously that mica will always stand firm in our commitment to diversity and inclusion. this morning’s presidential task force on diversity, inclusion, equity, and globalization meeting discussed measures to ensure that, as a creative community, we will continue to build a culture where everyone is honored and supported for success. the impact of exhibitions such as the current baltimore rising show remains as critical as ever, and mica fosters an educational environment that is welcoming of all. in the short term our focus is to support one another. whether you are happy or distressed with the results, there has been sufficient feedback to indicate that our campus community is struggling with how to make sense of such a divisive election process. you may find the following services helpful and are encouraged to take advantage of them: for students: student counseling maintains walk-in hours from : – : pm every day. students are welcome to stop by the student counseling center ( mt. royal avenue) during that time or call - - and enter x once the recording begins to schedule an appointment. for faculty and staff: the employee assistance program (eap) is available to provide free, confidential support hours a day. the eap can be reached by calling - - - or visiting healthadvocate.com/members and providing the username “maryland institute college of art”. for all mica community members: mica’s chaplain, the rev, maintains standing hours every monday and can be reached in the reflection room (meyerhoff house) or by calling the office of diversity and intercultural development at - - . there are three events this week that can provide a shared space for dialogue; all are welcome: the “after the baltimore uprising: still waiting for change” community forum attached to the baltimore rising exhibition takes place tonight from : pm to : pm in the lazarus center. an open space for all mica community members will be hosted by the black student union tonight at : pm in the meyerhoff house underground. in partnership with our student nami group, mica will host a “messages of hope” event for the entire mica community that will allow for shared space and reflection. this event will be on friday, november th, and will begin at : pm in cohen plaza. in various upcoming meetings we look forward to exploring with campus members other appropriate activities that can be created to facilitate expressions and dialogues. a separate communication is coming from provost david bogen to the faculty regarding classroom conversations with students regarding the election. northwestern university women’s center dear northwestern students, faculty, staff and community members: the women’s center is open today. our staff members are all here and available to talk, to provide resources and tools, or to help however you might need it. most importantly, the space itself is available for whatever you need, whether that is to gather as a group, to sit alone somewhere comfortable and quiet, or to talk to someone who will listen. we are still here, and we are here for all people as an intentionally intersectional space. you are welcome to drop by physically, make a call to our office, or send an email. know that this space is open and available to you. portland community college to the pcc staff as someone who spent the last several years in washington d.c. working to advance community colleges, i feel a special poignancy today hearing so many students, colleagues, and friends wonder and worry about the future—and about their futures. we must acknowledge that this political season has highlighted deep divisions in our society. today i spent time with cabinet speaking about how we can assert our shared values and take positive action as a pcc community to deepen our commitment to equity, inclusion and civic engagement. pcc will always welcome students and colleagues who bring a rich array of perspectives and experiences. that diversity is among our greatest strengths. today it is imperative that we stand by faculty, staff and students who may be experiencing fear or uncertainty—affirming with our words and deeds that pcc is about equitable student success and educational opportunity for all. never has this mission been more powerful or more essential. i have only been here a few months, but have already learned that pcc is a remarkable and caring community. much is happening right now in real time, and i appreciate the efforts of all. for my part, i promise to communicate often as we continue to plan for our shared future. p.s. today and in the days ahead, we will be holding space for people to be together in community. here are a few of the opportunities identified so far. portland community college to students dear students: as someone who spent the last several years working in washington d.c., i feel a special poignancy this week hearing many of you express worry and uncertainty about the future. there is little doubt that this political season has highlighted some deep divisions in our society. both political candidates have acknowledged as much. at the same time, people representing the full and diverse spectrum of our country come to our nation’s community colleges in hopes of a better life. pcc is such a place – where every year thousands of students find their path and pursue their dreams. all should find opportunity here, and all should feel safe and welcome. the rich diversity of pcc offers an amazing opportunity for dialogue across difference, and for developing skills that are the foundation of our democratic society. let this moment renew your passion for making a better life for yourself, your community and your country and for becoming the kind of leader you want to follow. rutgers university aaup-aft (american association of university professors – american federation of teachers) resisting donald trump we are shocked and horrified that donald trump, who ran on a racist, xenophobic, misogynist platform, is now the president of the us. in response to this new political landscape, the administrative heads of several universities have issued statements embracing their diverse student, faculty, and staff bodies and offering support and protection. (see statements from the university of california and the california state university). president barchi has yet to address the danger to the rutgers community and its core mission. this afternoon, our faculty union and the rutgers one coalition held an emergency meeting of students, faculty, and community activists in new brunswick. we discussed means of responding to the attacks that people may experience in the near future. most immediately, we approved the following statement by acclamation at the -strong meeting: “rutgers one, a coalition of faculty, staff, students and community members, calls upon the rutgers administration to join us in condemning all acts of bigotry on this campus and refuse to tolerate any attacks on immigrants, women, arabs, muslims, people of color, lgbtq people and all others in our diverse community. we demand that president barchi and his administration provide sanctuary, support, and protection to those who are already facing attacks on our campuses. we need concrete action that can ensure a safe environment for all. further, we commit ourselves to take action against all attempts by the trump administration to target any of our students, staff or faculty. we are united in resistance to bigotry of every kind and welcome all to join us in solidarity.” we also resolved to take the following steps: we will be holding weekly friday meetings at pm in our union office in new brunswick to bring together students, faculty and staff to organize against the trump agenda. we hope to expand these to camden and newark as well. (if you are willing to help organize this, please email back.) we will be creating a list serve to coordinate our work. if you want to join this list, please reply to this email. we are making posters and stickers which declare sanctuaries from racism, xenophobia, sexism, bigotry, religious intolerance, and attacks on unions. once these materials are ready we will write to you so that you may post them on windows, office doors, cars etc. in the meantime, we urge you to talk to your students and colleagues of color as well as women and offer them your support and solidarity. as you may recall, the executive committee issued a denunciation of donald trump on october , . now our slogan, one from the labor movement, is “don’t mourn. organize!” that is where we are now – all the more poignantly because of donald trump’s appeal to workers. let us organize, and let us also expand our calling of education. in your classrooms, your communities, and your families, find the words and sentiments that will redeem all of us from tuesday’s disgrace. university of chicago message from president and provost early in the fall quarter, we sent a message welcoming each of you to the new academic year and affirming our strong commitment to two foundational values of the university – fostering an environment of free expression and open discourse; and ensuring that diversity and inclusion are essential features of the fabric of our campus community and our interactions beyond campus. recent national events have generated waves of disturbing, exclusionary and sometimes threatening behavior around the country, particularly concerning gender and minority status. as a result, many individuals are asking whether the nation and its institutions are entering a period in which supporting the values of diversity and inclusion, as well as free expression and open discourse, will be increasingly challenging. as the president and provost of the university of chicago, we are writing to reaffirm in the strongest possible terms our unwavering commitment to these values, and to the importance of the university as a community acting on these values every day. fulfilling our highest aspirations with respect to these values and their mutual reinforcement will always demand ongoing attention and work on the part of all of us. the current national environment underscores the importance of this work. it means that we need to manifest these values more rather than less, demand more of ourselves as a community, and together be forthright and bold in demonstrating what our community aspires to be. we ask all of you for your help and commitment to the values of diversity and inclusion, free expression, and open discourse and what they mean for each of us working, learning, and living in this university community every day. university of illinois, chicago dear students, faculty, and staff, the events of the past week have come with mixed emotions for many of you. we want you to know that uic remains steadfast in its commitment to creating and sustaining a community that recognizes and values the inherent worth and dignity of every person, while fostering an environment of mutual respect among all members. today, we reaffirm the university’s commitment to access, equity, inclusion and nondiscrimination. critical to this commitment is the work of several offices on campus that provide resources to help you be safe and successful. if you have questions, need someone to talk to, or a place to express yourself, you should consider contacting these offices: office for access and equity (oae). oae is responsible for assuring campus compliance in matters of equal opportunity, affirmative action, and nondiscrimination in the academic and work environment. oae also offers dispute resolution services (drs) to assist with conflict in the workplace not involving unlawful discrimination matters. uic counseling center. the uic counseling center is a primary resource providing comprehensive mental health services that foster personal, interpersonal, academic, and professional thriving for uic students. student legal services. uic’s student legal services (sls) is a full-service law office dedicated to providing legal solutions for currently enrolled students. office of diversity. the office of diversity leads strategic efforts to advance access, equity, and inclusion as fundamental principles underpinning all aspects of university life. it initiates programs that promote an inclusive university climate, partner with campus units to formulate systems of accountability, and develop links with the local community and alumni groups. centers for cultural understanding and social change. the centers for cultural understanding and social change (ccusc) are a collaborative group of seven centers with distinct histories, missions, and locations that promote the well-being of and cultural awareness about underrepresented and underserved groups at uic. uic dialogue initiative. the uic dialogue initiative seeks to build an inclusive campus community where students, faculty, and staff feel welcomed in their identities, valued for their contributions, and feel their identities can be openly expressed. through whatever changes await us, as a learning community we have a special obligation to ensure that our conversations and dialogues over the next weeks and months respect our varied backgrounds and beliefs. university of maryland, baltimore to the umb community: last week, we elected a new president for our country. i think most will agree that the campaign season was long and divisive, and has left many feeling separated from their fellow citizens. in the days since the election, i’ve heard from the leaders of umb and of the university of maryland medical center and of the many programs we operate that serve our neighbors across the city and state. these leaders have relayed stories of students, faculty, staff, families, and children who feel anxious and unsettled, who feel threatened and fearful. it should be unnecessary to reaffirm umb’s commitment to diversity, inclusion, and respect — these values are irrevocable — but when i hear that members of our family are afraid, i must reiterate that the university will not tolerate incivility of any kind, and that the differences we celebrate as a diverse community include not just differences of race, religion, nationality, gender, and sexual identity, but also of experience, opinion, and political affiliation and ideology. if you suffer any harassment, please contact your supervisor or your student affairs dean. in the months ahead, we will come together as a university community to talk about how the incoming administration might influence the issues we care about most: health care access and delivery; education; innovation; social justice and fair treatment for all. we will talk about the opportunities that lay ahead to shape compassionate policy and to join a national dialogue on providing humane care and services that uplift everyone in america. for anyone who despairs, we will talk about building hope. should you want to share how you’re feeling post-election, counselors are available. please contact the student counseling center or the employee assistance program to schedule an appointment. i look forward to continuing this conversation about how we affirm our fundamental mission to improve the human condition and serve the public good. like the values we uphold, this mission endures — irrespective of the person or party in political power. it is our binding promise to the leaders of this state and, even more importantly, to the citizens we serve together. university of west georgia dear colleagues, as we head into the weekend concluding a week, really several weeks, of national and local events, i am reminded of the incredible opportunity of reflection and discourse we have as a nation and as an institution of higher learning. this morning, we held on campus a moving ceremony honoring our veterans–those who have served and who have given the ultimate sacrifice to uphold and protect our freedoms.  it is those freedoms that provide the opportunity to elect a president and those freedoms that provide an environment of civil discourse and opinion.  clearly, the discourse of this election cycle has tested the boundaries. this is an emotional time for many of our faculty, staff, and students.  i ask that as a campus community we hold true to the intended values of our nation and those who sacrificed to protect those values and the core values of our institution–caring, collaboration, inclusiveness, and wisdom.  we must acknowledge and allow the civil discourse and opinion of all within a safe environment.  that is what should set us apart.  it is part of our dna in higher education to respect and encourage variance and diversity of belief, thought, and culture. i call on your professionalism during these times and so appreciate your passion and care for each other and our students. virginia commonwealth university to staff election message dear vcu and vcu health communities, yesterday, we elected new leaders for our city, commonwealth and nation. i am grateful to those of you who made your voice heard during the electoral process, including many of our students who voted for the first time. whether or not your preferred candidate won, you were a part of history and a part of the process that moves our democracy forward. thank you. i hope you will always continue to make your voice heard, both as voters and as well-educated leaders in our society. as with any election, some members of our community are enthusiastic about the winners, others are not.  for many, this election cycle was notably emotional and difficult. now is the time, then, to demonstrate the values that make virginia commonwealth university such a remarkable place.  we reaffirm our commitment to working together across boundaries of discipline or scholarship, as members of one intellectual community, to achieve what’s difficult.  we reaffirm our commitment to inclusion, to ensuring that every person who comes to vcu is respected and emboldened to succeed.  we reaffirm that we will always be a place of the highest integrity, accountability, and we will offer an unyielding commitment to serving those who need us. history changes with every election. what does not change are the commitments we share as one community that is relentlessly focused on advancing the human experience for all people. you continue to inspire me.  and i know you will continue to be a bright light for richmond, virginia, our nation and our world. virginia commonwealth university school of education to students election message dear students, on tuesday we elected new leaders for our city, our commonwealth and our nation. although leadership will be changing, i echo dr. rao’s message below in that our mission outlined by the quest for distinction to support student success, advance knowledge and strengthen our communities remains steadfast. at the vcu school of education, we work to create safe spaces where innovation, inclusion and collaboration can thrive. we actively work across boundaries and disciplines to address the complex challenges facing our communities, schools and families. the election of new leaders provides new opportunities for our students, faculty and staff to build bridges that help us reach our goal of making an impact in urban and high need environments. i encourage you to engage in positive dialogues with one another as the city, commonwealth and nation adjust to the change in leadership, vision and strategy. virginia commonwealth university division of student affairs dear students, we are writing to you, collectively, as leaders in the division of student affairs.  we acknowledge that this election season was stressful for many individuals in our vcu community, culminating with the election of the next president.  some members of our campus community have felt disrespected, attacked and further marginalized by political rhetoric during the political process.  we want to affirm support of all of our students while also recognizing the unique experiences and concerns of individuals. we want all students to know that we are here to support you, encourage you and contribute to your success. we now live in a space of uncertainty as we transition leadership in our nation.  often, with this uncertainty comes a host of thoughts and feelings.  we hope that you will take advantage of some of the following services and programs we offer through our division to support your well-being, including: office of multicultural student affairs, self-care space, university counseling services , the wellness resource center, trans lives matter panel and survivor solidarity support, recreational sports, restorative yoga and mind & body classes. we encourage students to express their concerns and engage in conversations that further the core values articulated in quest, the vcu strategic plan. we continue to have an opportunity to make individual and collective choices about how we work to bridge differences in a manner that builds up our community. our staff will have a table each day next week on the vcu compass from noon to : p.m. ­­­to receive your concerns, suggestions and just listen.  please stop by to meet us.  we want you to know you have our full support. other organizations 	aclu 	joint statement from california legislative leaders on result of presidential election 							 			 			posted in: diversity, librarianship, library, management. 							tagged: college · communication · diversity · election · equity · higher ed · inclusion · library · university 			 		 		 				 		 			 			finding the right words in post-election libraries and higher ed 			 			 				nov th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on nov. , .*** this year’s election result has presented a huge challenge to all of us who work in higher education and libraries. usually, libraries, universities, and colleges do not comment on presidential election result and we refrain from talking about politics at work. but these are not usual times that we are living in. a black female student was shoved off the sidewalk and called the ‘n’ word at baylor university. the ku klux klan is openly holding a rally. west virginia officials publicly made a racist comment about the first lady. steve bannon’s prospective appointment as the chief strategist and senior counsel to the new president is being praised by white nationalist leaders and fiercely opposed by civil rights groups at the same time. bannon is someone who calls for an ethno-state, openly calls martin luther king a fraud, and laments white dispossession and the deconstruction of occidental civilization. there are people drawing a swastika at a park. the ‘whites only’ and ‘colored’ signs were put up over water fountains in a florida school. a muslim student was threatened with a lighter. asian-american women are being assaulted. hostile acts targeting minority students are taking place on college campuses. libraries and educational institutions exist because we value knowledge and science. knowledge and science do not discriminate. they grow across all different races, ethnicities, religions, nationalities, sexual identities, and disabilities. libraries and educational institutions exist to enable and empower people to freely explore, investigate, and harness different ideas and thoughts. they support, serve, and belong to ‘all’ who seek knowledge. no matter how naive it may sound, they are essential to the betterment of human lives, and they do so by creating strength from all our differences, not likeness. this is why diversity, equity, inclusion are non-negotiable and irrevocable values in libraries and educational institutions. how do we reconcile these values with the president-elect who openly dismissed and expressed hostility towards them? his campaign made remarks and promises that can be interpreted as nothing but the most blatant expressions of racism, sexism, intolerance, bigotry, harassment, and violence. what will we do to address the concerns of our students, staff, and faculty about their physical safety on campus due to their differences in race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, gender, and sexual identity? how do we assure them that we will continue to uphold these values and support everyone regardless of what they look like, how they identify their gender, what their faiths are, what disabilities they may have, who they love, where they come from, what languages they speak, or where they live? how? we say it. explicitly. clearly. and repeatedly. if you think that your organization is already very much pro-diversity that there is no need to confirm or reaffirm diversity, you can’t be farther from the everyday life minorities experience. sometimes, saying isn’t much. but right now, saying it out loud can mean everything. if you support those who belong to minority groups but don’t say it out loud, how would they know it? right now, nothing is obvious other than there is a lot of hate and violence towards minorities. the entire week after the election, i agonized about what to say to my small team of it people whom i supervise at work. as a manager, i felt that it was my responsibility to address the anxiety and uncertainty that some of my staff – particularly those in minority groups – would be experiencing due to the election result. i also needed to ensure that whatever dialogue takes place regarding the differences of opinions between those who were pleased and those who were distressed with the election result, those dialogues remain civil and respectful. crafting an appropriate message was much more challenging than i anticipated. i felt very strongly about the need to re-affirm the unwavering support and commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion particularly in relation to libraries and higher education, no matter how obvious it may seem. i also felt the need to establish (within the bounds of my limited authority) that we will continue to respect, value, and celebrate diversity in interacting with library users as well as other library and university staff members. employees are held to the standard expectations of their institutions, such as diversity, equity, inclusion, tolerance, civil dialogue, and no harassment or violence towards minorities, even if their private opinions conflict with them. at the same time, i wanted to strike a measured tone and neither scare nor upset anyone, whichever side they were on in the election. as a manager, i have to acknowledge that everyone is entitled to their private opinions as long as they do not harm others. i suspect that many of us – either a manager or not – want to say something similar about the election result. not so much about who was and should have been as about what we are going to do now in the face of these public incidences of anger, hatred, harassment, violence, and bigotry directed at minority groups, which are coming out at an alarming pace because it affects all of us, not just minorities. finding the right words, however, is difficult. you have to carefully consider your role, audience, and the message you want to convey. the official public statement from a university president is going to take a tone vastly different from an informal private message a supervisor sends out to a few members of his or her team. a library director’s message to library patrons assuring the continued service for all groups of users with no discrimination will likely to be quite different from the one she sends to her library staff to assuage their anxiety and fear. for such difficulty not to delay and stop us from what we have to and want to say to everyone we work with and care for, i am sharing the short message that i sent out to my team last friday, days after the election. (n.b. ‘cats’ stands for ‘computing and technology services’ and umb refers to ‘university of maryland, baltimore.’) this is a customized message to address my own team. i am sharing this as a potential template for you to craft your own message. i would like to see more messages that reaffirm diversity, equity, and inclusion as non-negotiable values, explicitly state that we will not step backwards, and make a commitment to continued unwavering support for them. dear cats, this year’s close and divisive election left a certain level of anxiety and uncertainty in many of us. i am sure that we will hear from president perman and the university leadership soon. in the meantime, i want to remind you of something i believe to be very important. we are all here – just as we have been all along – to provide the most excellent service to our users regardless of what they look like, what their faiths are, where they come from, what languages they speak, where they live, and who they love. a library is a powerful place where people transform themselves through learning, critical thinking, and reflection. a library’s doors have been kept open to anyone who wants to freely explore the world of ideas and pursue knowledge. libraries are here to empower people to create a better future. a library is a place for mutual education through respectful and open-minded dialogues. and, we, the library staff and faculty, make that happen. we get to make sure that people’s ethnicity, race, gender, disability, socio-economic backgrounds, political views, or religious beliefs do not become an obstacle to that pursuit. we have a truly awesome responsibility. and i don’t have to tell you how vital our role is as a cats member in our library’s fulfilling that responsibility. whichever side we stood on in this election, let’s not forget to treat each other with respect and dignity. let’s use this as an opportunity to renew our commitment to diversity, one of the umb’s core values. inclusive excellence is one of the themes of the umb - strategic plan. each and every one of us has a contribution to make because we are stronger for our differences. we have much work ahead of us! i am out today, but expect lots of donuts monday. have a great weekend, bohyun   monday, i brought in donuts of many different kinds and told everyone they were ‘diversity donuts.’ try it. i believe it was successful in easing some stress and tension that was palpable in my team after the election. photo from flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/vnysia/ before crafting your own message, i recommend re-reading your institution’s core values, mission and vision statements, and the most recent strategic plan. most universities, colleges, and libraries include diversity, equity, inclusion, or something equivalent to these somewhere. also review all public statements or internal messages that came from your institution that reaffirms diversity, equity, and inclusion. you can easily incorporate those into your own message. make sure to clearly state your (and your institution’s) continued commitment to and unwavering support for diversity and inclusion and explicitly oppose bigotry, intolerance, harassment, and acts of violence. encourage civil discourse and mutual respect. it is very important to reaffirm the values of diversity, equity, and inclusion ‘before’ listing any resources and help that employees or students may seek in case of harassment or assault. without the assurance from the institution that it indeed upholds those values and will firmly stand by them, those resources and help mean little. below i have also listed messages, notes, and statements sent out by library directors, managers, librarians, and university presidents that reaffirm the full support for and commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion. i hope to see more of these come out. if you have already received or sent out such a message, i invite you to share in the comments. if you have not, i suggest doing so as soon as possible. send out a message if you are in a position where doing so is appropriate. don’t forget to ask for a message addressing those values if you have not received any from your organization. 	director chris bourg to the mit libraries staff https://chrisbourg.wordpress.com/ / / /care-for-one-another/ 	dean k. g. schneider to the sonoma state university library staff http://freerangelibrarian.com/ / / /pin-and-a-prayer/ 	librarian zoe fisher to other librarians https://quickaskzoe.com/ / / /but-i-know-that-there-will-be-libraries/ 	university of california statement on presidential election results https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/university-california-statement-election 	university of nevada, reno http://www.unr.edu/president/communications/ - - -election 	university of michigan http://president.umich.edu/news-communications/letters-to-the-community/ -election-message/ 	university of rochester and rochester institute of technology http://wxxinews.org/post/ur-presidents-post-election-letter-strikes-sour-note-some 	duke university https://today.duke.edu/ / /statement-president-brodhead-following- -election 	clarke university http://www.clarke.edu/page.aspx?id= 	mit https://news.mit.edu/ /letter-mit-community-new-administration-washington- 	northwestern university https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/ / /president-schapiro-on-the-election-and-the-university/ 	“post-election statements and messages that reaffirm diversity” (a list of more post-election statements and messages that reaffirm diversity)   							 			 			posted in: diversity, librarianship, library, management. 							tagged: diversity · election · equity · inclusion · message · post-election · statement · template · tolerance 			 		 		 				 		 			 			say it out loud – diversity, equity, and inclusion 			 			 				nov th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 i usually and mostly talk about technology. but technology is so far away from my thought right now. i don’t feel that i can afford to worry about internet surveillance or how to protect privacy at this moment. not that they are unimportant. such a worry is real and deserves our attention and investigation. but at a time like this when there are so many reports of public incidences of hatred, bigotry, harassment, and violence reported on university and college campuses, on streets, and in many neighborhoods coming in at an alarming pace, i don’t find myself reflecting on how we can use technology to deal with this problem. for the problem is so much bigger. there are people drawing a swastika at a park. the ‘whites only’ and ‘colored’ signs were put up over water fountains in a florida school. a muslim student was threatened with a lighter. asian-american women are being assaulted. hostile acts targeting minority students are taking place on college campuses. a black female student was shoved off the sidewalk and called the ‘n’ word at baylor university. newt gingrich called for a house committee for un-american activities. the ku klux klan is openly holding a rally. the list goes on and on. photo from http://www.wftv.com/news/local/investigation-underway-after- -racist-signs-posted-above-water-fountains-at-first-coast-high-school/ we are justified to be freaking out. i suspect this is a deal breaker to not just democrats, not just clinton supporters, but a whole lot more people. not everyone who voted for donald trump endorse the position that women, people of color, muslims, lgbt, and all other minority groups deserve and should be deprived of the basic human right to be not publicly threatened, harassed, and assaulted, i hope. i am sure that many who voted for donald trump do support diversity, equity, and inclusion as important and non-negotiable values. i believe that many who voted for donald trump do not want a society where some of their family, friends, colleagues, and neighbors have to live in constant fear for their physical safety at minimum. there are very many white people who absolutely condemn bigotry, threat, hatred, discrimination, harassment, and violence directed at minorities and give their unwavering support to diversity, equity, and inclusion. the problem is that i don’t hear it said loudly enough, clearly enough, publicly enough. i realized that we – myself included – do not say this enough. one of my fellow librarians, steve, wrote this on his facebook wall after the election. i am a year old white guy. … i go out into the world today and i’m trying to hold a look on my face that says i don’t hate you black people, hispanic people, gay people, muslim people. i mean you no harm. i don’t want to deport you or imprison you. you are my brothers and sisters. i want for you all of the benefits, the rights, the joys (such as they are) that are afforded to everybody else in our society. i don’t think this look on my face is effective. why should they trust me? you can never appear to be doing the right thing. it requires doing the right thing. of course, steve doesn’t want to harm me because i am not white, i know. i am % positive that he wouldn’t assault me because i am female. but by stating this publicly (i mean as far as his fb friends can see the post), he made a difference to me. steve is not republican. but i would feel so much better if people i know tell me the same thing whether they are democrat or republican. and i think it will make a huge difference to others when we all say this together. sometimes, saying isn’t much. but right now, saying it aloud can mean everything. if you support those who belong to minority groups but don’t say it out loud, how would they know it? because right now, nothing is obvious other than there is a lot of hate and violence towards minorities. at this point, which candidate you voted for doesn’t matter. what matters is whether you will condone open hatred and violence towards minorities and women, thereby making it acceptable in our society. there is a lot at stake here, and this goes way beyond party politics. publicly confirming our continued support for and unwavering commitment to diversity is a big deal. people who are being insulted, threatened, harassed, and assaulted need to hear it. and when we say this together loudly enough, clearly enough, explicitly enough, it will deafen the voice of hatred, bigotry, and intolerance and chase it away to the margins of our society again. so i think i am going to say this whenever i have a chance whether formally or informally whether it is in a written form or in a conversation. if you are a librarian, you should say this to your library users. if you are a teacher, you should say this to your students. if you run a business, you need to say this to your employees and customers. if you manage a team at work, tell your team. say this out loud to your coworkers, friends, family, neighbors, and everyone you interact with. “i support all minorities and stand for diversity, equity, and inclusion.” “i object to and will not condone the acts of harassment, violence, hatred, and threats directed at minorities.” “i will not discriminate anyone based upon their ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, disability, political views, socio-economic backgrounds, or religious beliefs.” we cannot allow diversity, equity, and inclusion to become minority opinions. and it is up to us to keep it mainstream and to make it prevail. say it aloud and act on it. in times like this, many of us look to institutions that we belong to, the organizations we work for, professionally participate in, or personally support. we expect them to reconfirm the very basic values of diversity, equity, and inclusion. since i work for a university, i have been looking up and reading statements from higher education institutions. so far, not a great number of universities have made public statements confirming their continued support for diversity. i am sure more are on the way. but i expected more of them would come out more promptly. this is unfortunate because many of them openly expressed their support for diversity and even include diversity in their values, mission, and goals. if your organization hasn’t already confirmed their support for these values and expressed their commitment to provide safety for all minorities, ask for it. you may even be in a position to actually craft and issue one. for those in need of right words to express your intention clearly, here are some good examples below. “the university of california is proud of being a diverse and welcoming place for students, faculty, and staff with a wide range of backgrounds, experiences and perspectives.  diversity is central to our mission.  we remain absolutely committed to supporting all members of our community and adhering to uc’s principles against intolerance.  as the principles make clear, the university ‘strives to foster an environment in which all are included’ and ‘all are given an equal opportunity to learn and explore.’  the university of california will continue to pursue and protect these principles now and in the future, and urges our students, faculty, staff, and all others associated with the university to do so as well.” –  university of california “our responsibility is to remain committed to education, discovery and intellectual honesty – and to diversity, equity and inclusion. we are at our best when we come together to engage respectfully across our ideological differences; to support all who feel marginalized, threatened or unwelcome; and to pursue knowledge and understanding, as we always have, as the students, faculty and staff of the university of michigan.” – university of michigan “northwestern is committed to being a welcoming and inclusive community for all, regardless of their beliefs, and i assure you that will not change.” – northwestern university “as a catholic university, clarke will not step away from its many efforts to heighten our awareness of the individuals and groups who are exclude and marginalized in so many ways and to take action for their protection and inclusion.  today, i call on us as a community to step up our efforts to promote understanding and inclusion and to reach out to those among us who are feeling further disenfranchised, fearful and confused as a result of the election.” – clarke university “as president, i need to represent all of rit, and i therefore do not express preferences for political candidates. i do feel it important, however, to represent and reinforce rit’s shared commitment to the value of inclusive diversity. i have heard from many in our community that the result of the recent election has raised concerns from those in our minority populations, those who come from immigrant families, those from countries outside of the u.s., those in our lgbtqia+ community, those who practice islam, and even those in our female population about whether they should be concerned for their safety and well-being as a result of the horrific discourse that accompanied the presidential election process and some of the specific views and proposals presented. at rit, we have treasured the diverse contributions of members of these groups to our campus community, and i want to reassure all that one of rit’s highest priorities is to demonstrate the extraordinary value of inclusive diversity and that we will continue to respect, appreciate, and benefit from the contributions of all. anyone who feels unsafe here should make their feelings known to me and to others in a position to address their concerns. concerned members of our community can also take advantage of opportunities to engage in open discourse about the election in the mosaic center and at tomorrow’s grey matter discussion.” – rochester institute of technology please go ahead and say these out loud to people around you if you mean them.  no matter how obvious and cheesy they sound, i assure you, they are not obvious and cheesy to those who are facing open threats, harassment, and violence. let’s boost the signal; let’s make it loud; let’s make it overwhelming. “i support all minorities and stand for diversity, equity, and inclusion.” “i object to and will not condone the acts of harassment, violence, hatred, and threats directed at minorities.” “i will not discriminate anyone based upon their ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, disability, political views, socio-economic backgrounds, or religious beliefs.”   							 			 			posted in: diversity. 							tagged: · election · hate crime · racism 			 		 		 				 		 			 			cybersecurity, usability, online privacy, and digital surveillance 			 			 				may th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on may. , .*** cybersecurity is an interesting and important topic, one closely connected to those of online privacy and digital surveillance. many of us know that it is difficult to keep things private on the internet. the internet was invented to share things with others quickly, and it excels at that job. businesses that process transactions with customers and store the information online are responsible for keeping that information private. no one wants social security numbers, credit card information, medical history, or personal e-mails shared with the world. we expect and trust banks, online stores, and our doctor’s offices to keep our information safe and secure. however, keeping private information safe and secure is a challenging task. we have all heard of security breaches at j.p morgan, target, sony, anthem blue cross and blue shield, the office of personnel management of the u.s. federal government, university of maryland at college park, and indiana university. sometimes, a data breach takes place when an institution fails to patch a hole in its network systems. sometimes, people fall for a phishing scam, or a virus in a user’s computer infects the target system. other times, online companies compile customer data into personal profiles. the profiles are then sold to data brokers and on into the hands of malicious hackers and criminals. image from flickr – https://www.flickr.com/photos/topgold/ cybersecurity vs. usability to prevent such a data breach, institutional it staff are trained to protect their systems against vulnerabilities and intrusion attempts. employees and end users are educated to be careful about dealing with institutional or customers’ data. there are systematic measures that organizations can implement such as two-factor authentication, stringent password requirements, and locking accounts after a certain number of failed login attempts. while these measures strengthen an institution’s defense against cyberattacks, they may negatively affect the usability of the system, lowering users’ productivity. as a simple example, security measures like a captcha can cause an accessibility issue for people with disabilities. or imagine that a university it office concerned about the data security of cloud services starts requiring all faculty, students, and staff to only use cloud services that are soc type ii certified as an another example. soc stands for “service organization controls.” it consists of a series of standards that measure how well a given service organization keeps its information secure. for a business to be soc certified, it must demonstrate that it has sufficient policies and strategies that will satisfactorily protect its clients’ data in five areas known as “trust services principles.” those include the security of the service provider’s system, the processing integrity of this system, the availability of the system, the privacy of personal information that the service provider collects, retains, uses, discloses, and disposes of for its clients, and the confidentiality of the information that the service provider’s system processes or maintains for the clients. the soc type ii certification means that the business had maintained relevant security policies and procedures over a period of at least six months, and therefore it is a good indicator that the business will keep the clients’ sensitive data secure. the dropbox for business is soc certified, but it costs money. the free version is not as secure, but many faculty, students, and staff in academia use it frequently for collaboration. if a university it office simply bans people from using the free version of dropbox without offering an alternative that is as easy to use as dropbox, people will undoubtedly suffer. some of you may know that the usps website does not provide a way to reset the password for users who forgot their usernames. they are instead asked to create a new account. if they remember the account username but enter the wrong answers to the two security questions more than twice, the system also automatically locks their accounts for a certain period of time. again, users have to create a new account. clearly, the system that does not allow the password reset for those forgetful users is more secure than the one that does. however, in reality, this security measure creates a huge usability issue because average users do forget their passwords and the answers to the security questions that they set up themselves. it’s not hard to guess how frustrated people will be when they realize that they entered a wrong mailing address for mail forwarding and are now unable to get back into the system to correct because they cannot remember their passwords nor the answers to their security questions. to give an example related to libraries, a library may decide to block all international traffic to their licensed e-resources to prevent foreign hackers who have gotten hold of the username and password of a legitimate user from accessing those e-resources. this would certainly help libraries to avoid a potential breach of licensing terms in advance and spare them from having to shut down compromised user accounts one by one whenever those are found. however, this would make it impossible for legitimate users traveling outside of the country to access those e-resources as well, which many users would find it unacceptable. furthermore, malicious hackers would probably just use a proxy to make their ip address appear to be located in the u.s. anyway. what would users do if their organization requires them to reset passwords on a weekly basis for their work computers and several or more systems that they also use constantly for work? while this may strengthen the security of those systems, it’s easy to see that it will be a nightmare having to reset all those passwords every week and keeping track of them not to forget or mix them up. most likely, they will start using less complicated passwords or even begin to adopt just one password for all different services. some may even stick to the same password every time the system requires them to reset it unless the system automatically detects the previous password and prevents the users from continuing to use the same one. ill-thought-out cybersecurity measures can easily backfire. security is important, but users also want to be able to do their job without being bogged down by unwieldy cybersecurity measures. the more user-friendly and the simpler the cybersecurity guidelines are to follow, the more users will observe them, thereby making a network more secure. users who face cumbersome and complicated security measures may ignore or try to bypass them, increasing security risks. image from flickr – https://www.flickr.com/photos/topgold/ cybersecurity vs. privacy usability and productivity may be a small issue, however, compared to the risk of mass surveillance resulting from aggressive security measures. in , the guardian reported that the communication records of millions of people were being collected by the national security agency (nsa) in bulk, regardless of suspicion of wrongdoing. a secret court order prohibited verizon from disclosing the nsa’s information request. after a cyberattack against the university of california at los angeles, the university of california system installed a device that is capable of capturing, analyzing, and storing all network traffic to and from the campus for over days. this security monitoring was implemented secretly without consulting or notifying the faculty and those who would be subject to the monitoring. the san francisco chronicle reported the it staff who installed the system were given strict instructions not to reveal it was taking place. selected committee members on the campus were told to keep this information to themselves. the invasion of privacy and the lack of transparency in these network monitoring programs has caused great controversy. such wide and indiscriminate monitoring programs must have a very good justification and offer clear answers to vital questions such as what exactly will be collected, who will have access to the collected information, when and how the information will be used, what controls will be put in place to prevent the information from being used for unrelated purposes, and how the information will be disposed of. we have recently seen another case in which security concerns conflicted with people’s right to privacy. in february , the fbi requested apple to create a backdoor application that will bypass the current security measure in place in its ios. this was because the fbi wanted to unlock an iphone c recovered from one of the shooters in san bernadino shooting incident. apple ios secures users’ devices by permanently erasing all data when a wrong password is entered more than ten times if people choose to activate this option in the ios setting. the fbi’s request was met with strong opposition from apple and others. such a backdoor application can easily be exploited for illegal purposes by black hat hackers, for unjustified privacy infringement by other capable parties, and even for dictatorship by governments. apple refused to comply with the request, and the court hearing was to take place in march . the fbi, however, withdrew the request saying that it found a way to hack into the phone in question without apple’s help. now, apple has to figure out what the vulnerability in their ios if it wants its encryption mechanism to be foolproof. in the meanwhile, ios users know that their data is no longer as secure as they once thought. around the same time, the senate’s draft bill titled as “compliance with court orders act of ,” proposed that people should be required to comply with any authorized court order for data and that if that data is “unintelligible” – meaning encrypted – then it must be decrypted for the court. this bill is problematic because it practically nullifies the efficacy of any end-to-end encryption, which we use everyday from our iphones to messaging services like whatsapp and signal. because security is essential to privacy, it is ironic that certain cybersecurity measures are used to greatly invade privacy rather than protect it. because we do not always fully understand how the technology actually works or how it can be exploited for both good and bad purposes, we need to be careful about giving blank permission to any party to access, collect, and use our private data without clear understanding, oversight, and consent. as we share more and more information online, cyberattacks will only increase, and organizations and the government will struggle even more to balance privacy concerns with security issues. why libraries should advocate for online privacy? the fact that people may no longer have privacy on the web should concern libraries. historically, libraries have been strong advocates of intellectual freedom striving to keep patron’s data safe and protected from the unwanted eyes of the authorities. as librarians, we believe in people’s right to read, think, and speak freely and privately as long as such an act itself does not pose harm to others. the library freedom project is an example that reflects this belief held strongly within the library community. it educates librarians and their local communities about surveillance threats, privacy rights and law, and privacy-protecting technology tools to help safeguard digital freedom, and helped the kilton public library in lebanon, new hampshire, to become the first library to operate a tor exit relay, to provide anonymity for patrons while they browse the internet at the library. new technologies brought us the unprecedented convenience of collecting, storing, and sharing massive amount of sensitive data online. but the fact that such sensitive data can be easily exploited by falling into the wrong hands created also the unparalleled level of potential invasion of privacy. while the majority of librarians take a very strong stance in favor of intellectual freedom and against censorship, it is often hard to discern a correct stance on online privacy particularly when it is pitted against cybersecurity. some even argue that those who have nothing to hide do not need their privacy at all. however, privacy is not equivalent to hiding a wrongdoing. nor do people keep certain things secrets because those things are necessarily illegal or unethical. being watched / will drive any person crazy whether s/he is guilty of any wrongdoing or not. privacy allows us safe space to form our thoughts and consider our actions on our own without being subject to others’ eyes and judgments. even in the absence of actual massive surveillance, just the belief that one can be placed under surveillance at any moment is sufficient to trigger self-censorship and negatively affects one’s thoughts, ideas, creativity, imagination, choices, and actions, making people more conformist and compliant. this is further corroborated by the recent study from oxford university, which provides empirical evidence that the mere existence of a surveillance state breeds fear and conformity and stifles free expression. privacy is an essential part of being human, not some trivial condition that we can do without in the face of a greater concern. that’s why many people under political dictatorship continue to choose death over life under mass surveillance and censorship in their fight for freedom and privacy. the electronic frontier foundation states that privacy means respect for individuals’ autonomy, anonymous speech, and the right to free association. we want to live as autonomous human beings free to speak our minds and think on our own. if part of a library’s mission is to contribute to helping people to become such autonomous human beings through learning and sharing knowledge with one another without having to worry about being observed and/or censored, libraries should advocate for people’s privacy both online and offline as well as in all forms of communication technologies and devices. 							 			 			posted in: library, technology, usability, user experience, web. 							tagged: data security · digital freedom · encryption · internet · password · soc · tor 			 		 		 				 		 			 			three recent talks of mine on ux, data visualization, and it management 			 			 				apr th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 i have been swamped at work and pretty quiet here in my blog. but i gave a few talks recently. so i wanted to share those at least. i presented about how to turn the traditional library it department and its operation that is usually behind the scene into a more patron-facing unit at the recent american library association midwinter meeting back in january. this program was organized by the lita heads of it interest group. in march, i gave a short lightning talk at the code lib conference about the data visualization project of library data at my library. i was also invited to speak at the usmai (university system of maryland and affiliated institutions) ux unconference and gave a talk about user experience, personas, and the idea of applying library personas to library strategic planning. here are those three presentation slides for those interested! strategically ux oriented with personas from bohyun kim visualizing library data from bohyun kim turning the it dept. outward from bohyun kim 							 			 			posted in: ala, library, presentation, technology, usability, user experience. 							tagged: code lib · data visualization · it · management · ux 			 		 		 				 		 			 			near us and libraries, robots have arrived 			 			 				oct th, 				by bohyun (library hat). 				comments are off for this post							 			 			 								 ** this post was originally published in acrl techconnect on oct.  , .*** the movie, robot and frank, describes the future in which the elderly have a robot as their companion and also as a helper. the robot monitors various activities that relate to both mental and physical health and helps frank with various house chores. but frank also enjoys the robot’s company and goes on to enlist the robot into his adventure of breaking into a local library to steal a book and a greater heist later on. people’s lives in the movie are not particularly futuristic other than a robot in them. and even a robot may not be so futuristic to us much longer either. as a matter of fact, as of june , there is now a commercially available humanoid robot that is close to performing some of the functions that the robot in the movie ‘frank and robot’ does. pepper robot, image from aldebaran, https://www.aldebaran.com/en/a-robots/who-is-pepper a japanese company, softbank robotics corp. released a humanoid robot named ‘pepper’ to the market back in june. the pepper robot is feet tall, pounds, speaks languages and is equipped with an array of cameras, touch sensors, accelerometer, and other sensors in his “endocrine-type multi-layer neural network,” according to the cnn report.  the pepper robot was priced at ¥ , ($ , ). the pepper owners are also responsible for an additional ¥ , ($ ) monthly data and insurance fee. while the pepper robot is not exactly cheap, it is surprisingly affordable for a robot. this means that the robot industry has now matured to the point where it can introduce a robot that the mass can afford. robots come in varying capabilities and forms. some robots are as simple as a programmable cube block that can be combined with one another to be built into a working unit. for example, cubelets from modular robotics are modular robots that are used for educational purposes. each cube performs one specific function, such as flash, battery, temperature, brightness, rotation, etc. and one can combine these blocks together to build a robot that performs a certain function. for example, you can build a lighthouse robot by combining a battery block, a light-sensor block, a rotator block, and a flash block.   a variety of cubelets available from the modular robotics website.   by contrast, there are advanced robots such as those in the form of an animal developed by a robotics company, boston dynamics. some robots look like a human although much smaller than the pepper robot. nao is a -cm tall humanoid robot that moves, recognizes, hears and talks to people that was launched in . nao robots are an interactive educational toy that helps students to learn programming in a fun and practical way. noticing their relevance to stem education, some libraries are making robots available to library patrons. westport public library provides robot training classes for its two nao robots. chicago public library lends a number of finch robots that patrons can program to see how they work. in celebration of the national robotics week back in april, san diego public library hosted their first robot day educating the public about how robots have impacted the society. san diego public library also started a weekly robotics club inviting anyone to join in to help build or learn how to build a robot for the library. haslet public library offers the robotics camp program for th to th graders who want to learn how to build with lego mindstorms ev kits. school librarians are also starting robotics clubs. the robotics club at new rochelle high school in new york is run by the school’s librarian, ryan paulsen. paulsen’s robotics club started with faculty, parent, and other schools’ help along with a grant from nasa and participated in a first robotics competition. organizations such as the robotics academy at carnegie mellon university provides educational outreach and resources. image from aldebaran website at https://www.aldebaran.com/en/humanoid-robot/nao-robot there are also libraries that offer coding workshops often with arduino or raspberry pi, which are inexpensive computer hardware. ames free library offers raspberry pi workshops. san diego public library runs a monthly arduino enthusiast meetup.  arduinos and raspberry pis can be used to build digital devices and objects that can sense and interact the physical world, which are close to a simple robot. we may see  more robotics programs at those libraries in the near future. robots can fulfill many other functions than being educational interactive toys, however. for example, robots can be very useful in healthcare. a robot can be a patient’s emotional companion just like the pepper. or it can provide an easy way to communicate for a patient and her/his caregiver with physicians and others. a robot can be used at a hospital to move and deliver medication and other items and function as a telemedicine assistant. it can also provide physical assistance for a patient or a nurse and even be use for children’s therapy. humanoid robots like pepper may also serve at a reception desk at companies. and it is not difficult to imagine them as sales clerks at stores. robots can be useful at schools and other educational settings as well. at a workplace, teleworkers can use robots to achieve more active presence. for example, universities and colleges can offer a similar telepresence robot to online students who want to virtually experience and utilize the campus facilities or to faculty who wish to offer the office hours or collaborate with colleagues while they are away from the office. as a matter of fact, the university of texas, arlington, libraries recently acquired several telepresence robots to lend to their faculty and students. not all robots do or will have the humanoid form as the pepper robot does. but as robots become more and more capable, we will surely get to see more robots in our daily lives. references alpeyev, pavel, and takashi amano. “robots at work: softbank aims to bring pepper to stores.” bloomberg business, june , . http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/ - - /robots-at-work-softbank-aims-to-bring-pepper-to-stores. “boston dynamics.” accessed september , . http://www.bostondynamics.com/. boyer, katie. “robotics clubs at the library.” public libraries online, june , . http://publiclibrariesonline.org/ / /robotics-clubs-at-the-library/. “finch robots land at cpl altgeld.” chicago public library, may , . https://www.chipublib.org/news/finch-robots-land-at-cpl/. mcnickle, michelle. “ medical robots that could change healthcare – informationweek.” informationweek, december , . http://www.informationweek.com/mobile/ -medical-robots-that-could-change-healthcare/d/d-id/ . singh, angad. “‘pepper’ the emotional robot, sells out within a minute.” cnn.com, june , . http://www.cnn.com/ / / /tech/pepper-robot-sold-out/. tran, uyen. “sdpl labs: arduino aplenty.” the library incubator project, april , . http://www.libraryasincubatorproject.org/?p= . “ut arlington library to begin offering programming robots for checkout.” university of texas arlington, march , . https://www.uta.edu/news/releases/ / /library-robots- .php. waldman, loretta. “coming soon to the library: humanoid robots.” wall street journal, september , , sec. new york. http://www.wsj.com/articles/coming-soon-to-the-library-humanoid-robots- . 							 			 			posted in: library, technology. 							tagged: education · libraries · robotics · robots · stem 			 		 		 				 		 	 			← earlier posts 		 			 		 			 	 	 		 		subscribe to our feed via rss 	 	 		search 	 	 	about 			libraryhat is a blog written by bohyun kim, cto & associate professor at the university of rhode island libraries (bohyun.kim.ois [at] gmail [dot] com; @bohyunkim). 		 	most popular 			- libraries meet the second machine age - future? libraries? what now? – after the ala summit on the future of libraries - query a google spreadsheet like a database with google visualization api query language - enabling the research ‘flow’ and serendipity in today’s digital library environment - research librarianship in crisis: mediate when, where, and how? - why not grow coders from the inside of libraries? - do you 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bird nerd 		skip to content 		 			 				 										 						 															 														 								coral sheldon-hess 								librarian, developer, engineer, maker, bird nerd 							 						 						 							open primary menu 							 						 							 							 								 								twitter 							 						 	 							 								 								linkedin 							 						 	 							 								 								rss 							 						 	 							 								 								github 							 						 	 							 								 								ravelry 							 						 						 		about 	blog 	contact 					 											 		sidebar 		posts by category 	librarianship 	leadership 	teaching and learning 	social justice 	alaska 	technology 	travel 	crafts 	geekery 	hiring and employment 	on a personal note 	past projects 	 									 								 					coral sheldon-hess posts 	 		 		the online unconference of niche interests 	 		 			 				the online unconference of niche interests 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on november , 		 		 			if you’re looking for a fun and educational thing to do this weekend, you might consider attending the second quarterly(??) online unconference of niche interests (“ouni” for short), scheduled to run from pm until a bit after pm eastern standard time, this sunday, november . we have a set of volunteer presenters who will each talk for up to minutes about a niche topic they’re into. continue readingthe online unconference of niche interests 					 	 	 		what i’m telling family about covid- 	 		 			 				what i’m telling family about covid- 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on june , 		 		 			a family member asked me to tell them about covid- . it was a general question, which i chose to interpret as “how does transmission work, and what is the real risk?” this is what i said. as i told them, i’m not a biologist of any sort, and i will accept corrections (both from people who are biologists and from those who can cite sources), of course. both this person and i have autoimmune issues, so i take that as a given in this post. continue readingwhat i’m telling family about covid- 					 	 	 		what i’ve been up to during all this 	 		 			 				what i’ve been up to during all this 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on april , 		 		 			how my household is doing perhaps the best place to start writing about what i’ve been up to is to be really clear: i’m ok, and, at least for now, so are my loved ones. my spouse and i are both incredibly lucky to have jobs that can be done… continue readingwhat i’ve been up to during all this 					 	 	 		get that bread 	 		 			 				get that bread 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on february , 		 		 			i want to tell you about my take on the new artisan bread in five minutes a day recipe. the things i have to add to the discussion: ) a couple of hacks for people who, like me, do not have a kitchen fan that vents outdoors (i promise i’ll explain why this matters) and who like at least a little bit of whole grain in their bread, plus ) photos of some of the steps they don’t show as clearly in the book. i’m still experimenting (always!), but i have a base recipe/approach that i like and that i think is good enough to share. continue readingget that bread 					 	 	 		 year-end post 	 		 			 				 year-end post 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on december , 		 		 			we’re rapidly approaching the time for the traditional year-end post, which i’ve been known to skip in recent years—i had a run of several really rough years, there. while wasn’t without personal challenges and setbacks (and a whole lot of frightening developments in the us and abroad), it brought… continue reading year-end post 					 	 	 		belated update 	 		 			 				belated update 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on october , 		 		 			right now i should be grading or preparing for classes, but honestly i’m three blog posts behind where i wanted to be by now (i haven’t forgotten my wiscon promise to make a post about tabletop roleplaying games) and fighting a pretty nasty headache. so what if i take a… continue readingbelated update 					 	 	 		doing data things 	 		 			 				doing data things 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on december , 		 		 			tldr: i took two classes this semester, and i’m going to teach at least one, probably . , classes next semester. i’m super psyched about it. i’ll still work for the library where i’m an adjunct, too, but fewer hours per week. i’m still available for full-time hire, if you have data for me to work with. continue readingdoing data things 					 	 	 		 	 		 			 				 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on december , 		 		 			i usually do a year-end post. that’s not happening in . this year took so much from me, and from people i care about, that i refuse to write about it. but i’d like to write about . not “resolutions” so much as “plans and goals”—and maybe not even those… continue reading 					 	 	 		a librarian again 	 		 			 				a librarian again 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on october , 		 		 			over the past few years, i’ve come to dread the “what do you do?” question, because what people generally mean is “where do you work?” and it’s awkward when you can’t have that conversation the way they expect. continue readinga librarian again 					 	 	 		dlf in pittsburgh 	 		 			 				dlf in pittsburgh 			 			 		published by coral sheldon-hess on september , 		 		 			(updated) this is just a really quick post to say that dlf forum is in my hometown, this year, and i’d love to meet up with some of my internet-and-conference friends, if travel and conference scheduling makes that a possibility for any of you! i live here, and most of our public transit is downtown-centered; i can come to you, or i can give you easy directions to meet me somewhere if you’re feeling adventurous. continue readingdlf in pittsburgh 					 	 	 	 	 		posts navigation 		 … next 	 		 author wordpress theme by compete themes 	 information quality lab skip links 	skip to primary navigation 	skip to content 	skip to footer 	home 	publications 	people 	reducing the inadvertent spread of retracted science information quality lab jodi schneider & team, school of information sciences, university of illinois at urbana-champaign i am assistant professor of information sciences at the university of illinois urbana-champaign, where i teach classes in information organization and access as well as in information modeling. i am also a faculty affiliate of the illinois informatics institute, the beckman institute (organizational intelligence & computational social science working group within the intelligent systems research theme), the health care engineering systems center at the coordinated science laboratory, and the european union center. i am also a clinical assistant professor in the department of psychiatry of the university of illinois chicago school of medicine. the information quality lab studies the science of science, bibliographic information retrieval (especially retrieval and quality of medical information), and how evidence-based arguments are used in scholarship and in public discourse. the long-term goal of the lab’s work is to develop computer support for debate and argumentation, especially evidence synthesis. the lab’s technical perspective draws on data science, argumentation, knowledge representation, computer supported cooperative work, and human-computer interaction. technical skills commonly used in this lab include data science (machine learning, network analysis, textmining), knowledge representation (ontologies and semantic technologies), prototyping, annotation, mixed methods research, and user-based evaluations. typical applications areas include digital libraries and health informatics. hello may , © information quality lab. powered by jekyll & so simple. none zbw labs zbw labs 	building the swib participants map   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. we started with a list of institution names (with country code and city, but without person ids), extracted and transformed from our conftool registration system, saved it in csv format. country names were normalized, cities were not (and only used for context information). we created an openrefine project, and reconciled the institution name column with wikidata items of type q (organization, and all its subtypes). we included the country column (-&gt; p , country) as relevant other detail, and let openrefine “auto-match candidates with high confidence”. of our original set of country/institution entries, were automaticaly matched via the wikidata reconciliation service. at the end of the conference, institutions were identified and put on the map (data set). we went through all un-matched entries and either a) selected one of the suggested items, or b) looked up and tweaked the name string in wikidata, or in google, until we found an according wikipedia page, openend the linked wikidata object from there, and inserted the qid in openrefine, or c) created a new wikidata item (if the institution seemed notable), or d) attached “not yet determined” (q ) where no wikidata item (yet) exists, or e) attached “undefined value” (q ) where no institution had been given the results were exported from openrefine into a .tsv file (settings) again via a script, we loaded conftool participants data, built a lookup table from all available openrefine results (country/name string -&gt; wd item qid), aggregated participant counts per qid, and loaded that data into a custom sparql endpoint, which is accessible from the wikidata query service. as in step , for all (new) institution name strings, which were not yet mapped to wikidata, a .csv file was produced. (an additional remark: if no approved custom sparql endpoint is available, it is feasible to generate a static query with all data in it’s “values” clause.) during the preparation of the conference, more and more participants registered, which required multiple loops: use the csv file of step and re-iterate, starting at step . (since i found no straightforward way to update an existing openrefine project with extended data, i created a new project with new input and output files for every iteration.) finally, to display the map we could run a federated query on wdqs. it fetches the institution items from the custom endpoint and enriches them from wikidata with name, logo and image of the institution (if present), as well as with geographic coordinates, obtained directly or indirectly as follows: a) item has “coodinate location” (p ) itself, or b) item has “headquarters location” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “located in administrative entity” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “country” item (p /p ) applying this method, only one institution item could not be located on the map. data improvements the way to improve the map was to improve the data about the items in wikidata - which also helps all future wikidata users. new items for a few institutions, new items were created: burundi association of librarians, archivists and documentalists fao representation in kenya aurora information technology istituto di informatica giuridica e sistemi giudiziari for another institutions, mostly private companies, no items were created due to notability concerns. everything else already had an item in wikidata! improvement of existing items in order to improve the display on the map, we enhanced selected items in wikidata in various ways: add english label add type (instance of) add headquarter location add image and/or logo and we hope, that participants of the conference also took the opportunity to make their institution “look better”, by adding for example an image of it to the wikidata knowledge base. putting wikidata into use for a completely custom purpose thus created incentives for improving “the sum of all human knowledge” step by tiny step.       wikidata for authorities linked data &# ; deutsch 	journal map: developing an open environment for accessing and analyzing performance indicators from journals in economics by franz osorio, timo borst introduction bibliometrics, scientometrics, informetrics and webometrics have been both research topics and practical guidelines for publishing, reading, citing, measuring and acquiring published research for a while (hood ). citation databases and measures had been introduced in the s, becoming benchmarks both for the publishing industry and academic libraries managing their holdings and journal acquisitions that tend to be more selective with a growing number of journals on the one side, budget cuts on the other. due to the open access movement triggering a transformation of traditional publishing models (schimmer ), and in the light of both global and distributed information infrastructures for publishing and communicating on the web that have yielded more diverse practices and communities, this situation has dramatically changed: while bibliometrics of research output in its core understanding still is highly relevant to stakeholders and the scientific community, visibility, influence and impact of scientific results has shifted to locations in the world wide web that are commonly shared and quickly accessible not only by peers, but by the general public (thelwall ). this has several implications for different stakeholders who are referring to metrics in dealing with scientific results:   with the rise of social networks, platforms and their use also by academics and research communities, the term 'metrics' itself has gained a broader meaning: while traditional citation indexes only track citations of literature published in (other) journals, 'mentions', 'reads' and 'tweets', albeit less formal, have become indicators and measures for (scientific) impact. altmetrics has influenced research performance, evaluation and measurement, which formerly had been exclusively associated with traditional bibliometrics. scientists are becoming aware of alternative publishing channels and both the option and need of 'self-advertising' their output. in particular academic libraries are forced to manage their journal subscriptions and holdings in the light of increasing scientific output on the one hand, and stagnating budgets on the other. while editorial products from the publishing industry are exposed to a global competing market requiring a 'brand' strategy, altmetrics may serve as additional scattered indicators for scientific awareness and value. against this background, we took the opportunity to collect, process and display some impact or signal data with respect to literature in economics from different sources, such as 'traditional' citation databases, journal rankings and community platforms resp. altmetrics indicators: citec. the long-standing citation service maintainted by the repec community provided a dump of both working papers (as part of series) and journal articles, the latter with significant information on classic impact factors such as impact factor ( and years) and h-index. rankings of journals in economics including scimago journal rank (sjr) and two german journal rankings, that are regularly released and updated (vhb jourqual, handelsblatt ranking). usage data from altmetric.com that we collected for those articles that could be identified via their digital object identifier. usage data from the scientific community platform and reference manager mendeley.com, in particular the number of saves or bookmarks on an individual paper. requirements a major consideration for this project was finding an open environment in which to implement it. finding an open platform to use served a few purposes. as a member of the "leibniz research association," zbw has a commitment to open science and in part that means making use of open technologies to as great extent as possible (the zbw - open scienc...). this open system should allow direct access to the underlying data so that users are able to use it for their own investigations and purposes. additionally, if possible the user should be able to manipulate the data within the system. the first instance of the project was created in tableau, which offers a variety of means to express data and create interfaces for the user to filter and manipulate data. it also can provide a way to work with the data and create visualizations without programming skills or knowledge. tableau is one of the most popular tools to create and deliver data visualization in particular within academic libraries (murphy ). however, the software is proprietary and has a monthly fee to use and maintain, as well as closing off the data and making only the final visualization available to users. it was able to provide a starting point for how we wanted to the data to appear to the user, but it is in no way open. challenges the first technical challenge was to consolidate the data from the different sources which had varying formats and organizations. broadly speaking, the bibliometric data (citec and journal rankings) existed as a spread sheet with multiple pages, while the altmetrics and mendeley data came from a database dumps with multiple tables that were presented as several csv files. in addition to these different formats, the data needed to be cleaned and gaps filled in. the sources also had very different scopes. the altmetrics and mendeley data covered only journals, the bibliometric data, on the other hand, had more than , journals. transitioning from tableau to an open platform was big challenge. while there are many ways to create data visualizations and present them to users, the decision was made to use r to work with the data and shiny to present it. r is used widely to work with data and to present it (kläre ). the language has lots of support for these kinds of task over many libraries. the primary libraries used were r plotly and r shiny. plotly is a popular library for creating interactive visualizations. without too much work plotly can provide features including information popups while hovering over a chart and on the fly filtering. shiny provides a framework to create a web application to present the data without requiring a lot of work to create html and css. the transition required time spent getting to know r and its libraries, to learn how to create the kinds of charts and filters that would be useful for users. while shiny alleviates the need to create html and css, it does have a specific set of requirements and structures in order to function. the final challenge was in making this project accessible to users such that they would be able to see what we had done, have access to the data, and have an environment in which they could explore the data without needing anything other than what we were providing. in order to achieve this we used binder as the platform. at it's most basic binder makes it possible to share a jupyter notebook stored in a github repository with a url by running the jupyter notebook remotely and providing access through a browser with no requirements placed on the user. additionally, binder is able to run a web application using r and shiny. to move from a locally running instance of r shiny to one that can run in binder, instructions for the runtime environment need to be created and added to the repository. these include information on what version of the language to use,  which packages and libraries to install for the language, and any additional requirements there might be to run everything. solutions given the disparate sources and formats for the data, there was work that needed to be done to prepare it for visualization. the largest dataset, the bibliographic data, had several identifiers for each journal but without journal names. having the journals names is important because in general the names are how users will know the journals. adding the names to the data would allow users to filter on specific journals or pull up two journals for a comparison. providing the names of the journals is also a benefit for anyone who may repurpose the data and saves them from having to look them up. in order to fill this gap, we used metadata available through research papers in economics (repec). repec is an organization that seeks to "enhance the dissemination of research in economics and related sciences". it contains metadata for more than million papers available in different formats. the bibliographic data contained repec handles which we used to look up the journal information as xml and then parse the xml to find the title of the journal.  after writing a small python script to go through the repec data and find the missing names there were only journals whose names were still missing. for the data that originated in an mysql database, the major work that needed to be done was to correct the formatting. the data was provided as csv files but it was not formatted such that it could be used right away. some of the fields had double quotation marks and when the csv file was created those quotes were put into other quotation marks resulting doubled quotation marks which made machine parsing difficult without intervention directly on the files. the work was to go through the files and quickly remove the doubled quotation marks. in addition to that, it was useful for some visualizations to provide a condensed version of the data. the data from the database was at the article level which is useful for some things, but could be time consuming for other actions. for example, the altmetrics data covered only journals but had almost , rows. we could use the python library pandas to go through the all those rows and condense the data down so that there are only rows with the data for each column being the sum of all rows. in this way, there is a dataset that can be used to easily and quickly generate summaries on the journal level. shiny applications require a specific structure and files in order to do the work of creating html without needing to write the full html and css. at it's most basic there are two main parts to the shiny application. the first defines the user interface (ui) of the page. it says what goes where, what kind of elements to include, and how things are labeled. this section defines what the user interacts with by creating inputs and also defining the layout of the output. the second part acts as a server that handles the computations and processing of the data that will be passed on to the ui for display. the two pieces work in tandem, passing information back and forth to create a visualization based on user input. using shiny allowed almost all of the time spent on creating the project to be concentrated on processing the data and creating the visualizations. the only difficulty in creating the frontend was making sure all the pieces of the ui and server were connected correctly. binder provided a solution for hosting the application, making the data available to users, and making it shareable all in an open environment. notebooks and applications hosted with binder are shareable in part because the source is often a repository like github. by passing a github repository to binder, say one that has a jupyter notebook in it, binder will build a docker image to run the notebook and then serve the result to the user without them needing to do anything. out of the box the docker image will contain only the most basic functions. the result is that if a notebook requires a library that isn't standard, it won't be possible to run all of the code in the notebook. in order to address this, binder allows for the inclusion in a repository of certain files that can define what extra elements should be included when building the docker image. this can be very specific such as what version of the language to use and listing various libraries that should be included to ensure that the notebook can be run smoothly. binder also has support for more advanced functionality in the docker images such as creating a postgres database and loading it with data. these kinds of activities require using different hooks that binder looks for during the creation of the docker image to run scripts. results and evaluation the final product has three main sections that divide the data categorically into altmetrics, bibliometrics, and data from mendeley. there are additionally some sections that exist as areas where something new could be tried out and refined without potentially causing issues with the three previously mentioned areas. each section has visualizations that are based on the data available. considering the requirements for the project, the result goes a long way to meeting the requirements. the most apparent area that the journal map succeeds in is its goals is of presenting data that we have collected. the application serves as a dashboard for the data that can be explored by changing filters and journal selections. by presenting the data as a dashboard, the barrier to entry for users to explore the data is low. however, there exists a way to access the data directly and perform new calculations, or create new visualizations. this can be done through the application's access to an r-studio environment. access to r-studio provides two major features. first, it gives direct access to the all the underlying code that creates the dashboard and the data used by it. second, it provides an r terminal so that users can work with the data directly. in r-studio, the user can also modify the existing files and then run them from r-studio to see the results. using binder and r as the backend of the applications allows us to provide users with different ways to access and work with data without any extra requirements on the part of the user. however, anything changed in r-studio won't affect the dashboard view and won't persist between sessions. changes exist only in the current session. all the major pieces of this project were able to be done using open technologies: binder to serve the application, r to write the code, and github to host all the code. using these technologies and leveraging their capabilities allows the project to support the open science paradigm that was part of the impetus for the project. the biggest drawback to the current implementation is that binder is a third party host and so there are certain things that are out of our control. for example, binder can be slow to load. it takes on average + minutes for the docker image to load. there's not much, if anything, we can do to speed that up. the other issue is that if there is an update to the binder source code that breaks something, then the application will be inaccessible until the issue is resolved. outlook and future work the application, in its current state, has parts that are not finalized. as we receive feedback, we will make changes to the application to add or change visualizations. as mentioned previously, there a few sections that were created to test different visualizations independently of the more complete sections, those can be finalized. in the future it may be possible to move from binderhub to a locally created and administered version of binder. there is support and documentation for creating local, self hosted instances of binder. going that direction would give more control, and may make it possible to get the docker image to load more quickly. while the application runs stand-alone, the data that is visualized may also be integrated in other contexts. one option we are already prototyping is integrating the data into our subject portal econbiz, so users would be able to judge the scientific impact of an article in terms of both bibliometric and altmetric indicators.   references william w. hood, concepcion s. wilson. the literature of bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics. scientometrics , – springer science and business media llc, . link r. schimmer. disrupting the subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation to open access. ( ). link mike thelwall, stefanie haustein, vincent larivière, cassidy r. sugimoto. do altmetrics work? twitter and ten other social web services. plos one , e public library of science (plos), . link the zbw - open science future. link sarah anne murphy. data visualization and rapid analytics: applying tableau desktop to support library decision-making. journal of web librarianship , – informa uk limited, . link christina kläre, timo borst. statistic packages and their use in research in economics | edawax - blog of the project ’european data watch extended’. edawax - european data watch extended ( ). link   journal map - binder application for displaying and analyzing metrics data about scientific journals 	integrating altmetrics into a subject repository - econstor as a use case back in the zbw leibniz information center for economics (zbw) teamed up with the göttingen state and university library (sub), the service center of götting library federation (vzg) and gesis leibniz institute for the social sciences in the *metrics project funded by the german research foundation (dfg). the aim of the project was: “… to develop a deeper understanding of *metrics, especially in terms of their general significance and their perception amongst stakeholders.” (*metrics project about). in the practical part of the project the following dspace based repositories of the project partners participated as data sources for online publications and – in the case of econstor – also as implementer for the presentation of the social media signals: econstor - a subject repository for economics and business studies run by the zbw, currently (aug. ) containing round about , downloadable files, goescholar - the publication server of the georg-august-universität göttingen run by the sub göttingen, offering approximately , publicly browsable items so far, ssoar - the “social science open access repository” maintained by gesis, currently containing about , publicly available items. in the work package “technology analysis for the collection and provision of *metrics” of the project an analysis of currently available *metrics technologies and services had been performed. as stated by [wilsdon ], currently suppliers of altmetrics “remain too narrow (mainly considering research products with dois)”, which leads to problems to acquire *metrics data for repositories like econstor with working papers as the main content. as up to now it is unusual – at least in the social sciences and economics – to create dois for this kind of documents. only the resulting final article published in a journal will receive a doi. based on the findings in this work package, a test implementation of the *metrics crawler had been built. the crawler had been actively deployed from early to spring at the vzg. for the aggregation of the *metrics data the crawler had been fed with persistent identifiers and metadata from the aforementioned repositories. at this stage of the project, the project partners still had the expectation, that the persistent identifiers (e.g. handle, urns, …), or their local url counterparts, as used by the repositories could be harnessed to easily identify social media mentions of their documents, e.g. for econstor: handle: “hdl: /…” handle.net resolver url: “http(s)://hdl.handle.net/ /…” econstor landing page url with handle: “http(s)://www.econstor.eu/handle/ /…” econstor bitstream (pdf) url with handle: “http(s)://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/ /…” this resulted in two datasets: one for publications identified by dois (doi: .xxxx/yyyyy) or the respective metadata from crossref and one for documents identified by the repository urls (https://www.econstor.eu/handle/ /xxxx) or the items metadata stored in the repository. during the first part of the project several social media platforms had been identified as possible data sources for the implementation phase. this had been done by interviews and online surveys. for the resulting ranking see the social media registry. additional research examined which social media platforms are relevant to researchers at different stages of their career and if and how they use them (see: [lemke ], [lemke ] and [mehrazar ]). this list of possible sources for social media citations or mentions had then been further reduced to the following six social media platforms which are offering free and open available online apis: facebook mendeley reddit twitter wikipedia youtube of particular interest to the econstor team were the social media services mendeley and twitter, as those had been found being among the “top most used altmetric sources …” for economic and business studies (ebs) journals “… - with mendeley being the most complete platform for ebs journals” [nuredini ]. *metrics integration in econstor in early the econstor team finally received a mysql data dump of the compiled data which had been collected by the *metrics crawler. in consultations between the project partners and based on the aforementioned research, it became clear, that only the collected data from mendeley, twitter and wikipedia were suitable to be embedded into econstor. it was also made clear, by the vzg, that it had been nearly impossible to use handle or respective local urls to extract social media mentions from the free of charge provided apis of the different social media services. instead, in case of wikipedia isbns had been used and for mendeley the title and author(s) as provided in the repository’s metadata. only for the search via the twitter api the handle urls had been used. the datasets used by the *metrics crawler to identify works from econstor included a dataset of , dois (~ % of the econstor content back then), sometimes representing other manifestations of the documents stored in econstor (e.g. pre- or postprint versions of an article), their respective metadata from the crossref doi registry and also a dataset of , econstor documents identified by the handle/url and metadata stored in the repository itself. this second dataset also included the documents related to the publications identified by the doi set. the following table (table ) shows the results of the *metrics crawler for items in econstor. it displays one row for each service and the used identifier set. each row also shows the time period during which the crawler harvested the service and how many unique items per identifier set were found during that period. social media service (set) harvested from harvested until unique econstor items mentioned mendeley (doi) - - - - , mendeley (url) - - - - , twitter (doi) - - (date of first captured tweet - - ) - - (date of last captured tweet - - ) twitter (url) - - (date of first captured tweet - - ) - - (date of last captured tweet - - ) wikipedia (doi) - - - - wikipedia (url) - - - - table : unique econstor items found per identifier set and social media service the following table (table ) shows how many of the econstor items were found with identifiers from both sets. as you can see, only for the service mendeley the sets have a significant overlap. which shows, that it is desirable for a service such as econstor, to expand the captured coverage of its items in social media by the use of other identifies than just dois. social media site unique items identified by both doi and url mendeley , twitter wikipedia table : overlap in found identifiers as a result of the project, the landing pages of econstor items, which have been mentioned on mendeley, twitter or wikipedia during the time of data gathering, have now, for the time being, a listing of “social media mentions”. this is in addition to the already existing cites and citations, based on the repec - citec service and the download statistics, which is displayed on separate pages. image : “econstor item landing page” the back end on the econstor server is realized as a small restful web service programmed in java that returns json formatted data (see figure ). given a list of identifiers (dois/handle) it returns the sum of mentions for mendeley, twitter and wikipedia in the database, per specified econstor item, as well as the links to the counted tweets and wikipedia articles. in case of wikipedia this is also grouped by the language of the wikipedia the mention was found in.   { "_metrics": { "sum_mendeley": , "sum_twitter": , "sum_wikipedia": }, "identifier": " / ", "identifiertype": "handle", "repository": "econstor", "tweetdata": { " ": { "created_at": "wed dec : : + ", "description": "economist wettbewerb regulierung monopole economics @dicehhu @hhu_de vwl antitrust düsseldorf quakenbrück berlin fc st. pauli", "id_str": " ", "name": "justus haucap", "screen_name": "haucap" }, " ": { "created_at": "wed dec : : + ", "description": "twitterkanal des wirtschaftsdienst - zeitschrift für wirtschaftspolitik, hrsg. von @zbw_news; rt ≠ zustimmung; impressum: https://t.co/x gevzb lr", "id_str": " ", "name": "wirtschaftsdienst", "screen_name": "zeitschrift_wd" }, " ": { "created_at": "wed dec : : + ", "description": "professor for international economics at htw berlin - university of applied sciences; senior policy fellow at the european council on foreign relations", "id_str": " ", "name": "sebastian dullien", "screen_name": "sdullien" } }, "twitterids": [ " ", " ", " " ], "wikipediaquerys": {} } figure : “example json returned by webservice - twitter mentions”   image : “mendeley and twitter mentions” during the creation of the landing page of an econstor item (see image ), a java servlet queries the web service and, if some social media mentions is detected, renders the result into the web page. for each of the three social media platforms the sum of the mentions is displayed and for twitter and wikipedia even backlinks to the mentioning tweets/articles are provided as a drop-down list, below the number of mentions (see image ). in case of wikipedia this is also grouped by the languages of the articles in wikipedia in which the isbn of the corresponding work has been found. conclusion while being an interesting addition to the existing download statistics and citations by repec/citec, that are already integrated into econstor, currently the gathered “social media mentions” offer only a limited additional value to the econstor landing pages. one reason might be, that only a fraction of all the documents of econstor are covered. another reason might be according to [lemke ], that there is currently a great reluctance to use social media services among economists and social scientists, as it is perceived as: “unsuitable for academic discourse; … to cost much time; … separating personal from professional matters is bothersome; … increases the efforts necessary to handle information overload.” theoretically, the prospect of a tool for the measurement of the scientific uptake, with a quicker response time than classical bibliometrics, could be very rewarding, especially for a repository like econstor with its many preprints (e.g. working papers) provided in open access. as [thelwall ] has stated: “in response, some publishers have turned to altmetrics, which are counts of citations or mentions in specific social web services because they can appear more rapidly than citations. for example, it would be reasonable to expect a typical article to be most tweeted on its publication day and most blogged within a month of publication.” and “social media mentions, being available immediately after publication—and even before publication in the case of preprints…”. but especially these preprints, that come without a doi, are still a challenge to be correctly identified, and therefore to be counted as social media mentions. this is something the *metrics crawler has not changed, since it is using title and author metadata to search in mendeley, which does not give a % sure identification and isbns to search in wikipedia. even though a quick check revealed that at the time of writing this article (aug. ) at least wikipedia offers a handle search. a quick search for econstor handles in the english wikipedia returns now a list of pages with mentions of “hdl: /”, the german wikipedia - but these are still very small numbers (aug. nd, : currently , full texts are available in econstor). https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&amp;list=search&amp;srlimit= &amp;srsearch=% hdl: % f% &amp;srwhat=text&amp;srprop&amp;srinfo=totalhits&amp;srenablerewrites= &amp;format=jsonsearch via api in english wikipedia another problem is, that at the time of this writing, the *metrics crawler is not continuously operated, therefore our analysis is based on a data dump of social media mentions from spring to early . since it is one of the major benefits of altmetrics that it can be obtained much faster and is more recent then classical citation-based metrics, it reduces the value of the continued integration of this static and continuously getting older dataset being integrated into econstor landing pages. hence, we are looking for more recent and regular updates of social media data that could serve as a ‘real-time’ basis for monitoring social media usage in economics. as a consequence, we are currently looking for: a) an institution to commit itself to run the *metrics crawler and b) a more active social media usage in the sciences of economics and business studies. references [lemke ] lemke, steffen; mehrazar, maryam; mazarakis, athanasios; peters, isabella ( ): are there different types of online research impact?, in: building &amp; sustaining an ethical future with emerging technology. proceedings of the st annual meeting, vancouver, canada, – november , isbn - - - - , association for information science and technology (asis&amp;t), silver spring, pp. - http://hdl.handle.net/ / [lemke ] lemke, steffen; mehrazar, maryam; mazarakis, athanasios; peters, isabella ( ): “when you use social media you are not working”: barriers for the use of metrics in social sciences, frontiers in research metrics and analytics, issn - , vol. , iss. [article] , pp. - , http://dx.doi.org/ . /frma. . [mehrazar ] maryam mehrazar, christoph carl kling, steffen lemke, athanasios mazarakis, and isabella peters ( ): can we count on social media metrics? first insights into the active scholarly use of social media, websci ’ : th acm conference on web science, may – , , amsterdam, netherlands. acm, new york, ny, usa, article , pages, https://doi.org/ . / . [metrics ] einbindung von *metrics in econstor, https://metrics-project.net/downloads/ - - -econstor-metrics-abschluss-ws-sub-g%c %b .pptx [nuredini ] nuredini, kaltrina; peters, isabella ( ): enriching the knowledge of altmetrics studies by exploring social media metrics for economic and business studies journals, proceedings of the st international conference on science and technology indicators (sti conference ), valència (spain), september - , , http://hdl.handle.net/ / [or ] relevance and challenges of altmetrics for repositories - answers from the *metrics project. https://www.conftool.net/or /index.php/paper-p a- orth% cweiland_b.pdf?page=downloadpaper&amp;filename=paper-p a- orth% cweiland_b.pdf&amp;form_id= &amp;form_index= &amp;form_version=final [social media registry] social media registry - current status of social media plattforms and *metrics, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/ oals kxtmml naf shxh ctmone q efhtzmgpinv /edit?usp=sharing [thelwall ] thelwall m, haustein s, larivie`re v, sugimoto cr ( ): do altmetrics work? twitter and ten other social web services. plos one ( ): e . http://dx.doi.org/ . /journal.pone. [wilsdon ] wilsdon, james et al. ( ): next-generation metrics: responsible metrics and evaluation for open science. report of the european commission expert group on altmetrics, isbn - - - - , http://dx.doi.org/ . / integrating altmetrics data into econstor 	 th century press archives: data donation to wikidata zbw is donating a large open dataset from the th century press archives to wikidata, in order to make it better accessible to various scientific disciplines such as contemporary, economic and business history, media and information science, to journalists, teachers, students, and the general public. the th century press archives (pm ) is a large public newspaper clippings archive, extracted from more than different sources published in germany and all over the world, covering roughly a full century ( - ). the clippings are organized in thematic folders about persons, companies and institutions, general subjects, and wares. during a project originally funded by the german research foundation (dfg), the material up to has been digitized. , folders with more than two million pages up to are freely accessible online.  the fine-grained thematic access and the public nature of the archives makes it to our best knowledge unique across the world (more information on wikipedia) and an essential research data fund for some of the disciplines mentioned above. the data donation does not only mean that zbw has assigned a cc license to all pm metadata, which makes it compatible with wikidata. (due to intellectual property rights, only the metadata can be licensed by zbw - all legal rights on the press articles themselves remain with their original creators.) the donation also includes investing a substantial amount of working time (during, as planned, two years) devoted to the integration of this data into wikidata. here we want to share our experiences regarding the integration of the persons archive metadata. folders from the persons archive, in (credit: max-michael wannags) linking our folders to wikidatathe essential bit for linking the digitized folders was in place before the project even started: an external identifier property (pm folder id, p ), proposed by an administrator of the german wikipedia in order to link to pm person and company folders. we participated in the property proposal discussion and made sure that the links did not have to reference our legacy coldfusion application. instead, we created a "partial redirect" on the purl.org service (maintained formerly by oclc, now by the internet archive) for persistent urls which may redirect to another application on another server in future. secondly, the identifier and url format was extended to include subject and ware folders, which are defined by a combination of two keys, one for the country and another for the topic. the format of the links in wikidata is controlled by a regular expression, which covers all four archives mentioned above. that works pretty well -  very few format errors occurred so far -, and it relieved us from creating four different archive-specific properties.shortly after the property creation, magnus manske, the author of the original mediawiki software and lots of related tools, scraped our web site and created a mix-n-match catalog from it. during the following two years, more than wikidata users contributed to matching wikidata items for humans to pm folder ids. for a start, deriving links from gnd many of the pm person and company folders were already identified by an identifier from the german integrated authority file (gnd). so, our first step was creating pm links for all wikidata items which had matching gnd ids. for all these items and folders, disambiguation had already taken place, and we could safely add all these links automatically. infrastructure: pm endpoint, federated queries and quickstatements to make this work, we relied heavily on linked data technologies. a pm sparql endpoint had already been set up for our contribution to coding da vinci (a "kultur-hackathon" in germany). almost all automated changes to wikidata we made are based on federated queries on our own endpoint, reaching out to the wikidata endpoint, or vice versa, from wikidata to pm . in the latter case, the external endpoint has to be registered at wikidata. wikidata maintains a help page for this type of queries. for our purposes, federated queries allow extracting current data from both endpoints. in the case of the above-mentioned missing_pm _id_via_gnd.rq query, this way we can skip all items, where a link to pm already exists. within the query itself, we create a statement string which we can feed into the quickstatements tool. that includes, for every single statement, a reference to pm with link to the actual folder, so that the provenance of these statements is always clear and traceable. via script, a statement file is extracted and saved with a timestamp. data imports via quickstatements are executed in batch mode, and an activity log keeps track of all data imports and other activities related to pm . creating missing items after the matching of about % of the person folders which include free documents in mix-n-match, and some efforts to discover more pre-existing wikidata items, we decided to create the missing person items, again via quickstatements input. we used the description field in wikidata by importing the content of the free-text "occupation" field in pm for better disambiguation of the newly created items. (here a rather minimal example of such an item created from pm metadata.) thus, all pm person folders which have digitized content were linked to wikidata in june . supplementing wikidata with pm metadata a second part of the integration of pm metadata into wikidata was the import of missing property values to the according items. this comprised simple facts like "date of birth/death", occupations such as "economist", "business economist", "social scientist", "earth scientist", which we could derive from the "field of activity" in pm , up to relations between existing items, e.g. a family member to the according family, or a board member to the according company. a few other source properties have been postponed, because alternative solutions exist, and the best one may depend on the intended use in future applications. the steps of this enrichment process and links to the code used - including the automatic generation of references - are online, too. complex statement added to wikidata item for friedrich krupp ag again, we used federated queries. often the target of a wikidata property is an item in itself. sometimes, we could directly get this via the target item's pm folder id (families, companies); sometimes we had to create lookup tables. for the latter, we used "values" clauses in the query (in case of "occupation"), or (in case of "country of citizenship"), we have to match countries from our internal classification in advance - a process for which we use openrefine. other than pm folder ids, which we avoided adding when folders do not contain digitized content, we added the metadata to all items which were linked to pm , and intend to repeat this process periodically when more items (e.g., companies) are identified by pm folder ids. in some housekeeping activity, we also add periodically the numbers of documents (online and total) and the exact folder names as qualifiers to newly emerging pm links in items. results of the data donation so far with all persons folder with digitized documents linked to wikidata, the data donation of the person folders metadata is completed. besides the folder links, which have already heavily been used to create links in wikipedia articles, we have got - more than statements which are sourced in pm (from "date of birth" to the track gauge of a brazilian railway line) - more than items, for which pm id is the only external identifier the data donation will be presented on the wikidatacon in berlin ( .- . . ) as a "birthday present" on the occasion wikidata's seventh birthday. zbw will further keep the digital content available, amended with a static landing page for every folder, which also will serve as source link for the metadata we have integrated into wikidata. but in future, wikidata will be the primary access path to our data, providing further metadata in multiple languages and links to a plethora of other external sources. and the best is, different from our current application, everybody will be able to enhance this open data through the interactive tools and data interfaces provided by wikidata.participate in wikiproject th century press archives for the topics, wares and companies archives, there is still a long way to go. the best structure for representing these archives and their folders - often defined by the combination of a country within a geographical hierarchy with a subject heading in a deeply nested topic classification -, has to be figured out. existing items have to be matched, and lots of other work is to be done. therefore, we have created the wikiproject th century press archives in wikidata to keep track of discussions and decisions, and to create a focal point for participation. everybody on wikidata is invited to participate - or just kibitz. it could be challenging particularly for information scientists, and people interested in historic systems for the organization of knowledge about the whole world, to take part in the mapping of one of these systems to the emerging wikidata knowledge graph.   linked data &# ; open data &# ; 	zbw's contribution to "coding da vinci": dossiers about persons and companies from th century press archives at th and th of october, the kick-off for the "kultur-hackathon" coding da vinci is held in mainz, germany, organized this time by glam institutions from the rhein-main area: "for five weeks, devoted fans of culture and hacking alike will prototype, code and design to make open cultural data come alive." new software applications are enabled by free and open data. for the first time, zbw is among the data providers. it contributes the person and company dossiers of the th century press archive. for about a hundred years, the predecessor organizations of zbw in kiel and hamburg had collected press clippings, business reports and other material about a wide range of political, economic and social topics, about persons, organizations, wares, events and general subjects. during a project funded by the german research organization (dfg), the documents published up to (about , million pages) had been digitized and are made publicly accessible with according metadata, until recently solely in the "pressemappe . jahrhundert" (pm ) web application. additionally, the dossiers - for example about mahatma gandhi or the hamburg-bremer afrika linie - can be loaded into a web viewer. as a first step to open up this unique source of data for various communities, zbw has decided to put the complete pm metadata* under a cc-zero license, which allows free reuse in all contexts. for our coding da vinci contribution, we have prepared all person and company dossiers which already contain documents. the dossiers are interlinked among each other. controlled vocabularies (for, e.g., "country", or "field of activity") provide multi-dimensional access to the data. most of the persons and a good share of organizations were linked to gnd identifiers. as a starter, we had mapped dossiers to wikidata according to existing gnd ids. that allows to run queries for pm dossiers completely on wikidata, making use of all the good stuff there. an example query shows the birth places of pm economists on a map, enriched with images from wikimedia commons. the initial mapping was much extended by fantastic semi-automatic and manual mapping efforts by the wikidata community. so currently more than % of the dossiers about - often rather prominent - pm persons are linked not only to wikidata, but also connected to wikipedia pages. that offers great opportunities for mash-ups to further data sources, and we are looking forward to what the "coding da vinci" crowd may make out of these opportunities. technically, the data has been converted from an internal intermediate format to still quite experimental rdf and loaded into a sparql endpoint. there it was enriched with data from wikidata and extracted with a construct query. we have decided to transform it to json-ld for publication (following practices recommended by our hbz colleagues). so developers can use the data as "plain old json", with the plethora of web tools available for this, while linked data enthusiasts can utilize sophisticated semantic web tools by applying the provided json-ld context. in order to make the dataset discoverable and reusable for future research, we published it persistently at zenodo.org. with it, we provide examples and data documentation. a github repository gives you additional code examples and a way to address issues and suggestions. * for the scanned documents, the legal regulations apply - zbw cannot assign licenses here.     pressemappe . jahrhundert linked data &# ; 	wikidata as authority linking hub: connecting repec and gnd researcher identifiers in the econbiz portal for publications in economics, we have data from different sources. in some of these sources, most notably zbw's "econis" bibliographical database, authors are disambiguated by identifiers of the integrated authority file (gnd) - in total more than , . data stemming from "research papers in economics" (repec) contains another identifier: repec authors can register themselves in the repec author service (ras), and claim their papers. this data is used for various rankings of authors and, indirectly, of institutions in economics, which provides a big incentive for authors - about , have signed into ras - to keep both their article claims and personal data up-to-date. while gnd is well known and linked to many other authorities, ras had no links to any other researcher identifier system. thus, until recently, the author identifiers were disconnected, which precludes the possibility to display all publications of an author on a portal page. to overcome that limitation, colleagues at zbw have matched a good , authors with ras and gnd ids by their publications (see details here). making that pre-existing mapping maintainable and extensible however would have meant to set up some custom editing interface, would have required storage and operating resources and wouldn't easily have been made publicly accessible. in a previous article, we described the opportunities offered by wikidata. now we made use of it. v\:* {behavior:url(#default#vml);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#vml);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#vml);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#vml);} normal false false false false de x-none x-none defsemihidden="true" defqformat="false" defpriority=" " latentstylecount=" "> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="normal"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="heading "> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="title"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="subtitle"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="strong"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="emphasis"> unhidewhenused="false" name="table grid"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="no spacing"> unhidewhenused="false" name="light shading"> unhidewhenused="false" name="light list"> 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unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="dark list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful shading accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="light shading accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="light list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="light grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium shading accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium shading accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="medium grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="dark list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful shading accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful list accent "> unhidewhenused="false" name="colorful grid accent "> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="subtle emphasis"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="intense emphasis"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="subtle reference"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="intense reference"> unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="book title"> /* style definitions */ table.msonormaltable 	{mso-style-name:"normale tabelle"; 	mso-tstyle-rowband-size: ; 	mso-tstyle-colband-size: ; 	mso-style-noshow:yes; 	mso-style-priority: ; 	mso-style-parent:""; 	mso-padding-alt: cm . pt cm . pt; 	mso-para-margin: cm; 	mso-para-margin-bottom:. pt; 	line-height: . pt; 	mso-pagination:widow-orphan; 	font-size: . pt; 	font-family:"times new roman","serif";} initial situation in wikidata economists were, at the start of this small project in april , already well represented among the . million persons in wikidata - though the precise extent is difficult to estimate. furthermore, properties for linking gnd and repec author identifiers to wikidata items were already in place: p “gnd id”, in ~ , items p “repec short-id” (further-on: ras id), in ~ , items both properties in ~ items for both properties, “single value” and “distinct values” constraints are defined, so that (with rare exceptions) a : relation between the authority entry and the wikidata item should exist. that, in turn, means that a : relation between both authority entries can be assumed. the relative amounts of ids in econbiz and wikidata is illustrated by the following image. person identifiers in wikidata and econbiz, with unknown overlap at the beginning of the project (the number of . million persons in econbiz is a very rough estimate, because most names – outside gnd and ras – are not disambiguated) since many economists have wikipedia pages, from which wikidata items have been created routinely, the first task was finding these items and adding gnd and/or ras identifiers to them. the second task was adding items for persons which did not already exist in wikidata. adding mapping-derived identifiers to wikidata items for items already identified by either gnd or ras, the reciprocal identifiers where added automatically: a federated sparql query on the mapping and the public wikidata endpoint retrieved the items and the missing ids. a script transformed that into input for wikidata’s quickstatements tool, which allows adding statements (as well as new items) to wikidata. the tool takes csv-formatted input via a web form and applies it in batch to the live dataset. import statements for quickstatements . the first input line adds the ras id “pan ” to the item for the economist james andreoni. the rest of the input line creates a reference to zbws mapping for this statement and so allows tracking its provenance in wikidata. that step resulted in added gnd ids to items identified by ras id, and, in the reverse direction, added ras ids to items identified by gnd id. for the future, it is expected that tools like wdmapper will facilitate such operations. identifying more wikidata items obviously, the previous step left out the already existing economists in wikidata, which up to then had neither a gnd nor a ras id. therefore, these items had to be identified by adding one of the identifiers. a semi-automatic approach was applied to that end, starting with the “most important” persons from repec and econbiz datasets. that was extended in an automatic step, taking advantage of existing viaf identifiers (a step which could have been also the first one). for repec, the “top economists” ranking page (~ , authors) was scraped and cross-linked to a custom-created basic rdf dataset of the repec authors. the result was transformed to an input file for wikidata’s mix’n’match tool, which had been developed for the alignment of external catalogs with wikidata. the tool takes a simple csv file, consisting of a name, a description and an identifier, and tries to automatically match against wikidata labels. in a subsequent interactive step, it allows to confirm or remove every match. if confirmed, the identifier is automatically added as value to the according property of the matched wikidata item. for gnd, all authors with more than publications in econbiz where selected in a custom sparql endpoint. just as the “repec top” matchset, a “gnd economists (de)” matchset with ~ , gnd ids, names and descriptions was loaded into mix’n’match and aligned to wikidata. becoming more familiar with the wikidata-related tools, policies and procedures, existing viaf property values were exploited as another opportunity for seeding gnd ids in wikidata. in a federated sparql query on a custom viaf and the public wikidata endpoint, about , missing gnd ids were determined and added to wikidata items which had been identified by viaf id. after each of these steps, the first task – adding mapping-derived gnd or ras identifiers – was repeated. that resulted in wikidata items carrying both ids. since zbws author mapping based on at least matching publications, the alignment of high-frequency resp. highly-ranked gnd and repec authors made it highly probable that authors already present in wikidata were identified in the previous steps. that reduced the danger of creating duplicates in the following task. creating new wikidata items from the mapped authorities for the rest of the authors in the mapping, new wikidata items were created. this task was carried out again by the quickstatements tool, for which the input statements were created by a script, based on a sparql query on the afore-mentioned endpoints for repec authors and gnd entries. the input statements were derived from both authorities, in the following fashion: the label (name of the person) was taken from gnd the occupation “economist” was derived from repec (and in particular from the occurrence in its “top economists” list) gender and date of birth/death were taken from gnd (if available) the english description was a concatenated string “economist” plus the affiliations from repec the german description was a concatenated string “wirtschaftswissenschaftler/in” plus the affiliations from gnd the use of wikidata’s description field for affiliations was a makeshift: in the absence of an existing mapping of repec (and mostly also gnd) organizations to wikidata, it allows for better identification of the individual researchers. in a later step, when according organization/institute items exist in wikidata and mappings are in place, the items for authors can be supplemented step-by-step by formal “affiliation” (p ) statements. according to wikidata’s policy, an extensive reference to the source for each statement in the synthesized new wikidata item was added. the creation of items in an automated fashion involves the danger of duplicates. however, such duplicates turned up only in very few cases. they have been solved by merging items, which technically is very easy in wikidata. interestingly, a number of “fake duplicates” indeed revealed multifarious quality issues, in wikidata and in both of the authority files, which, too, have been subsequently resolved. ... and even more new items for economists ... the good experiences so far let us get bolder, and we considered creating wikidata items for the still missing "top economists" (according to repec). for item creation, one aspect we had to consider was the compliance with wikidata's notability policy. this policy is much more relaxed than the policies of the large wikipedias. it states as one criterion sufficient for item creation that the item "refers to an instance of a clearly identifiable conceptual or material entity. the entity must be notable, in the sense that it can be described using serious and publicly available references." there seems to be some consensus in the community that authority files such as gnd or repec authors count as "serious and publicly available references". this of course should hold even more for a bibliometric ranked subset of these external identifiers. we thus inserted another , wikidata items for the rest of the repec top % list. additionally - to mitigate the immanent gender bias such selections often bear - we imported all missing researchers from repec's "top % female economists" list. again, we added reference statements to repec which allow wikidata users to keep track of the source of the information. results the immediate result of the project was: all of the pairs of identifiers from the initial mapping by zbw is incorporated now in wikidata items wikidata items in addition to these also have both identifiers (created by individual wikidata editors, or the efforts described above) (all numbers in this section as of - - .) while that still is only a beginning, given the total amount of authors represented in econbiz, it is a significant share of the “most important” ones: top % ras and frequent gnd in econbiz (&gt; publications). “wikidata economists” is a rough estimate of the amount of persons in the field of economics (twice the number of those with the explicit occupation “economist”) while the top repec economists are now completely covered by wikidata, for gnd the overlap has been improved significantly during the last year. this occured in parts as a side-effect of the efforts described above, in parts it is caused by the genuine growth of wikidata in regard to the number of items as well as the increasing density of external identifiers. here the current percentages, compared to those one year earlier, which were presented in our previous article: large improvements in the coverage of the most frequent authors by wikidata (query, result) while the improvements in absolute numbers are impressive, too - the number of gnd ids for all econbiz persons (with at least one publication) has increased from , to , - the image demonstrates that particularly the coverage for our most frequent authors has risen largely. the addition of all repec top economists has created further opportunities for matching these items from the afore-mentioned gnd mix-n-match set, which will again will add up to the mapping. all matching and duplicates checking done, we may re-consider the option of adding the remaining frequent gnd persons (&gt; publications in econbiz) automatically to wikidata. the mapping data can be retrieved by everyone, via sparql queries, by specialized tools such as wdmapper, or as part of the wikidata dumps. what is more, it can be extended by everybody – either as a by-product of individual edits adding identifiers to persons in wikidata, or by a directed approach. for directed extensions, any subset can be used as a starting point: either a new version of the above mentioned ranking, or other rankings also published by repec, covering in particular female, or economists from e.g. latin america; or all identifiers from a particular institution, either derived from gnd or ras. the results of all such efforts are available at once and add up continuously. yet, the benefits of using wikidata cannot be reduced to the publication and maintenance of mapping itself. in many cases it offers much more than just a linking point for two identifiers: links to wikipedia pages about the authors, possibly in multiple languages rich data about the authors in defined formats, sometimes with explicit provenance information access to pictures etc. from wikimedia commons, or quotations from wikiquote links to multiple other authorities as an example for the latter, the in total ras identifiers in wikidata are already mapped to viaf and loc authority ids (while orcid with ids is still remarkably low). at the same time, these repec-connected items were linked to english, german and  spanish wikipedia pages which provide rich human-readable information. in turn, when we take the gnd persons in econbiz as a starting point, roughly , are already represented in wikidata. besides large amounts of other identifiers, the according wikidata items offer more than , links to german and more than , links to english wikipedia pages (query). for zbw, “releasing” the dataset into wikidata as a trustworthy and sustainable public database not only saves the “technical” costs of data ownership (programming, storage, operating, for access and for maintenance). responsibility for - and fun from - extending, amending and keeping the dataset current can be shared with many other interested parties and individuals.   wikidata for authorities authority control &# ; wikidata &# ; deutsch 	new version of multi-lingual jel classification published in lod the journal of economic literature classification scheme (jel) was created and is maintained by the american economic association. the aea provides this widely used resource freely for scholarly purposes. thanks to andré davids (ku leuven), who has translated the originally english-only labels of the classification to french, spanish and german, we provide a multi-lingual version of jel. it's lastest version (as of - ) is published in the formats rdfa and rdf download files. these formats and translations are provided "as is" and are not authorized by aea. in order to make changes in jel tracable more easily, we have created lists of inserted and removed jel classes in the context of the skos-history project. jel klassifikation für linked open dataskos-history linked data &# ; 	economists in wikidata: opportunities of authority linking wikidata is a large database, which connects all of the roughly wikipedia projects. besides interlinking all wikipedia pages in different languages about a specific item – e.g., a person -, it also connects to more than different sources of authority information. the linking is achieved by a „authority control“ class of wikidata properties. the values of these properties are identifiers, which unambiguously identify the wikidata item in external, web-accessible databases. the property definitions includes an uri pattern (called „formatter url“). when the identifier value is inserted into the uri pattern, the resulting uri can be used to look up the authoritiy entry. the resulting uri may point to a linked data resource - as it is the case with the gnd id property. this, on the one hand, provides a light-weight and robust mechanism to create links in the web of data. on the other hand, these links can be exploited by every application which is driven by one of the authorities to provide additional data: links to wikipedia pages in multiple languages, images, life data, nationality and affiliations of the according persons, and much more. wikidata item for the indian economist bina agarwal, visualized via the sqid browser in , a group of students under the guidance of jakob voß published a handbook on "normdaten in wikidata" (in german), describing the structures and the practical editing capabilities of the the standard wikidata user interface. the experiment described here focuses on persons from the subject domain of economics. it uses the authority identifiers of the about , economists referenced by their gnd id as creators, contributors or subjects of books, articles and working papers in zbw's economics search portal econbiz. these gnd ids were obtained from a prototype of the upcoming econbiz research dataset (ebds). to , of these persons, or . %, a person in wikidata is connected by gnd. if we consider the frequent (more than publications) and the very frequent (more than publications) authors in econbiz, the coverage increases significantly: economics-related persons in econbiz number of publications total in wikidata percentage datasets: ebds as of - - ; wikidata as of - - (query, result) &gt; , , . % &gt; , , . % &gt; , . % these are numbers "out of the box" - ready-made opportunities to link out from existing metadata in econbiz and to enrich user interfaces with biographical data from wikidata/wikipedia, without any additional effort to improve the coverage on either the econbiz or the wikidata side. however: we can safely assume that many of the econbiz authors, particularly of the high-frequency authors, and even more of the persons who are subject of publications, are "notable" according the wikidata notablitiy guidelines. probably, their items exist and are just missing the according gnd property. to check this assumption, we take a closer look to the wikidata persons which have the occupation "economist" (most wikidata properties accept other wikidata items - instead of arbitrary strings - as values, which allows for exact queries and is indispensible in a multilingual environment).  of these approximately , persons, less than % have a gnd id property! even if we restrict that to the , "internationally recognized economists" (which we define here as having wikipedia pages in three or more different languages), almost half of them lack a gnd id property. when we compare that with the coverage by viaf ids, more than % of all and % the internationally recognized wikidata economists are linked to viaf (sparql lab live query). therefore, for a whole lot of the persons we have looked at here, we can take it for granted the person exists in wikidata as well as in the gnd, and the only reason for the lack of a gnd id is that nobody has added it to wikidata yet. as an aside: the information about the occupation of persons is to be taken as a very rough approximation: some wikidata persons were economists by education or at some point of their career, but are famous now for other reasons (examples include vladimir putin or the president of liberia, ellen johnson sirleaf). on the other hand, econbiz authors known to wikidata are often qualified not as economist, but as university teacher, politican, historican or sociologist. nevertheless, their work was deemed relevant for the broad field of economics, and the conclusions drawn at the "economists" in wikidata and gnd will hold for them, too: there are lots of opportunities for linking already well defined items. what can we gain? the screenshot above demonstrates, that not only data about the person itself, her affiliations, awards received, and possibly many other details can be obtained. the "identifiers" box on the bottom right shows authoritiy entries. besides the gnd id, which served as an entry point for us, there are links to viaf and other national libraries' authorities, but also to non-library identifier systems like isni and orcid. in total, wikidata comprises more than million authority links, more than millions of these for persons. when we take a closer look at the , econbiz persons which we can look up by their gnd id in wikidata, an astonishing variety of authorities is addressed from there: different authorities are linked from the subset, ranging from "almost complete" (viaf, library of congress name authority file) to - in the given context- quite exotic authorities of, e.g., members of the belgian senate, chess players or swedish olympic committee athletes. some of these entries link to carefully crafted biographies, sometimes behind a paywall  (notable names database, oxford dictionary of national biography, munzinger archiv, sächsische biographie, dizionario biografico degli italiani), or to free text resources (project gutenberg authors). links to the world of museums and archives are also provided, from the getty union list of artist names to specific links into the british museum or the musée d'orsay collections. a particular use can be made of properties which express the prominence of the according persons: nobel prize ids, for example, definitivly should be linked to according gnd ids (and indeed, they are). but also ted speakers or persons with an entry in the munzinger archive (a famous and long-established german biographical service) are assumed to have gnd ids. that opens a road to a very focused improvement of the data quality: a list of persons with that properties, restricted to the subject field (e.g., "occupation economist"), can be easily generated from wikidata's sparql query service. in wikidata, it is very easy to add the missing id entries discovered during such cross-checks interactively. and if it turns out that an "very important" person from the field is missing from the gnd at all, that is a all-the-more valuable opportunity to improve the data quality at the source. how can we start improving? as a prove of concept, and as a practical starting point, we have developed a micro-application for adding missing authority property values. it consists of two sparql lab scripts: missing_property creates a list of wikidata persons, which have a certain authority property (by default: ted speaker id) and lacks another one (by default: gnd id). for each entry in the list, a link to an application is created, which looks up the name in the according authority file (by default: search_person, for a broad yet ranked full-text search of person names in gnd). if we can identify the person in the gnd list, we can copy its gnd id, return to the first one, click on the link to the wikidata item of the person and add the property value manually through wikidata's standard edit interface. (wikidata is open and welcoming such contributions!) it takes effect within a few seconds - when we reload the missing_property list, the improved item should not show up any more. instead of identifying the most prominent economics-related persons in wikidata, the other way works too: while most of the gnd-identified persons are related to only one or twe works, as an according statistics show, few are related to a disproportionate amount of publications. of the , persons related to more than publications, less than are missing links to wikidata by their gnd id. by adding this property (for the vast majority of these persons, a wikidata item should already exist), we could enrich, at a rough estimate, more than , person links in econbiz publications. another micro-application demonstrates, how the work could be organized: the list of econbiz persons by descending publication count provides "search in wikidata" links (functional on a custom endpoint): each link triggers a query which looks up all name variants in gnd and executes a search for these names in a full-text indexed wikidata set, bringing up an according ranked list of suggestions (example with the gnd id of john h. dunning). again, the gnd id can be added - manually but straightforward - to an identified wikidata item. while we can not expect to reduce the quantitative gap between the , persons in econbiz and the , of them linked to wikidata significantly by such manual efforts, we surely can step-by-step improve for the most prominent persons. this empowers applications to show biographical background links to wikipedia where our users expect them most probably. other tools for creating authority links and more automated approaches will be covered in further blog posts. and the great thing about wikidata is: all efforts add up - while we are doing modest improvements in our field of interest, many others do the same, so wikidata already features an impressive overall amont of authority links. ps. all queries used in this analysis are published at github. the public wikidata endpoint cannot be used for research involving large datasets due to its limitations (in particular the second timeout, the preclusion of the "service" clause for federated queries, and the lack of full-text search). therefore, we’ve loaded the wikidata dataset (along with others) into custom apache fuseki endpoints on a performant machine. even there, a „power query“ like the one on the number of all authority links in wikidata takes about minutes. therefore, we publish the according result files in the github repository alongside with the queries. wikidata for authorities wikidata &# ; authority control &# ; linked data &# ; 	integrating a research data repository with established research practices authors: timo borst, konstantin ott in recent years, repositories for managing research data have emerged, which are supposed to help researchers to upload, describe, distribute and share their data. to promote and foster the distribution of research data in the light of paradigms like open science and open access, these repositories are normally implemented and hosted as stand-alone applications, meaning that they offer a web interface for manually uploading the data, and a presentation interface for browsing, searching and accessing the data. sometimes, the first component (interface for uploading the data) is substituted or complemented by a submission interface from another application. e.g., in dataverse or in ckan data is submitted from remote third-party applications by means of data deposit apis [ ]. however the upload of data is organized and eventually embedded into a publishing framework (data either as a supplement of a journal article, or as a stand-alone research output subject to review and release as part of a ‘data journal’), it definitely means that this data is supposed to be made publicly available, which is often reflected by policies and guidelines for data deposit. in clear contrast to this publishing model, the vast majority of current research data however is not supposed to be published, at least in terms of scientific publications. several studies and surveys on research data management indicate that at least in the social sciences there is a strong tendency and practice to process and share data amongst peers in a local and protected environment (often with several local copies on different personal devices), before eventually uploading and disseminating derivatives from this data to a publicly accessible repository. e.g., according to a survey among austrian researchers, the portion of researchers agreeing to share their data either on request or among colleagues is % resp. %, while the agreement to share on a disciplinary repository is only % [ ]. and in another survey among researchers from a local university and cooperation partner, almost % preferred an institutional local archive, while only % agreed on a national or international archive. even if there is data planned to be published via a publicly accessible repository, it will first be stored and processed in a protected environment, carefully shared with peers (project members, institutional colleagues, sponsors) and often subject to access restrictions – in other words, it is used before being published.with this situation in mind, we designed and developed a central research data repository as part of a funded project called ‘sowidatanet’ (sdn - network of data from social sciences and economics) [ ]. the overall goal of the project is to develop and establish a national web infrastructure for archiving and managing research data in the social sciences, particularly quantitative (statistical) data from surveys. it aims at smaller institutional research groups or teams, which often do lack an institutional support or infrastructure for managing their research data. as a front-end application, the repository based on dspace software provides a typical web interface for browsing, searching and accessing the content. as a back-end application, it provides typical forms for capturing metadata and bitstreams, with some enhancements regarding the integration of authority control by means of external webservices. from the point of view of the participating research institutions, a central requirement is the development of a local view (‘showcase’) on the repository’s data, so that this view can be smoothly integrated into the website of the institution. the web interface of the view is generated by means of the play framework in combination with the bootstrap framework for generating the layout, while all of the data is retrieved and requested from the dspace backend via its discover interface and rest-api. sdn architecturediagram: sowidatanet software componentsthe purpose of the showcase application is to provide an institutional subset and view of the central repository’s data, which can easily be integrated into any institutional website, either as an iframe to be embedded by the institution (which might be considered as an easy rather than a satisfactory technical solution), or as a stand-alone subpage being linked from the institution’s homepage, optionally using a proxy server for preserving the institutional domain namespace. while these solutions imply the standard way of hosting the showcase software, a third approach suggests the deployment of the showcase software on an institution’s server for customizing the application. in this case, every institution can modify the layout of their institutional view by customizing their institutional css file. because using bootstrap and less compiling the css file, a lightweight possibility might be to modify only some less variables compiling to an institutional css file.as a result from the requirement analysis conducted with the project partners (two research institutes from the social sciences), and in accordance with the survey results cited, there is a strong demand for managing not only data which is to be published in the central repository, but also data which is protected and circulating only among the members of the institution. moreover, this data is described by additional specific metadata containing internal hints on the availability restrictions and access conditions. hence, we had to distinguish between the following two basic use cases to be covered by the showcase: to provide a view on the public sdn data (‘data published’) to provide a view on the public sdn data plus the internal institutional data resp. their corresponding metadata records, the latter only visible and accessible for institutional members (‘data in use’) from the perspective of a research institution and data provider, the second use case turned out to be the primary one, since it covers more the institutional practices and workflows than the publishing model does. as a matter of fact, research data is primarily generated, processed and shared in a protected environment, before it may eventually be published and distributed to a wider, potentially abstract and unknown community – and this fact must be acknowledged and reflected by a central research data repository aiming at the contributions from researchers which are bound to an institution.if ‘data in use’ is to be integrated into the showcase as an internal view on protected data to be shared only within an institution, it means to restrict the access to this data on different levels. first, for every community (in the sense of an institution), we introduce a dspace collection for just those internal data, and protect it by assigning it to a dspace user role ‘internal[community_name]’. this role is associated with an ip range, so that only requests from that range will be assigned to the role ‘internal’ and granted access to the internal collection. in the context of our project, we enter only the ip of the showcase application, so that every user of this application will see the protected items. depending on the locality of the showcase application resp. server, we have to take further steps: if the application resp. server is located in the institution’s intranet, the protected items are only visible and accessible from the institution’s network. if the application is externally hosted and accessible via the world wide web – which is expected to be the default solution for most of the research institutes –, then the showcase application needs an authentication procedure, which is preferably realized by means of the central dspace sowidatanet repository, so that every user of the showcase application is granted access by becoming a dspace user.in the context of an r&amp;d project where we are partnering with research institutes, it turned out that the management of research data is twofold: while repository providers are focused on the publishing and unrestricted access to research data, researchers are mainly interested in local archiving and sharing of their data. in order to manage this data, the researchers’ institutional practices need to be reflected and supported. for this purpose, we developed an additional viewing and access component. when it comes to their integration with existing institutional research practices and workflows, the implementation of research data repositories requires concepts and actions which go far beyond the original idea of a central publishing platform. further research and development is planned in order to understand and support better the sharing of data in both institutional and cross-institutional subgroups, so the integration with a public central repository will be fostered.link to prototype references[ ] dataverse deposit-api. retrieved may , from http://guides.dataverse.org/en/ . . /dataverse-api-main.html#data-deposit-api[ ] forschende und ihre daten. ergebnisse einer österreichweiten befragung – report . version . - zenodo. ( ). retrieved may , from https://zenodo.org/record/ #.vrhmkea pmm[ ] project homepage: https://sowidatanet.de/. retrieved may .[ ] research data management survey: report - nottingham eprints. ( ). retrieved may , from http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/ /[ ] university of oxford research data management survey  : the results | damaro. ( ). retrieved may , from https://blogs.it.ox.ac.uk/damaro/ / / /university-of-oxford-research-data-management-survey- -the-results/ institutional view on research data 	content recommendation by means of eexcess authors: timo borst, nils witt since their beginnings, libraries and related cultural institutions were confident in the fact that users had to visit them in order to search, find and access their content. with the emergence and massive use of the world wide web and associated tools and technologies, this situation has drastically changed: if those institutions still want their content to be found and used, they must adapt themselves to those environments in which users expect digital content to be available. against this background, the general approach of the eexcess project is to ‘inject’ digital content (both metadata and object files) into users' daily environments like browsers, authoring environments like content management systems or google docs, or e-learning environments. content is not just provided, but recommended by means of an organizational and technical framework of distributed partner recommenders and user profiles. once a content partner has connected to this framework by establishing an application program interface (api) for constantly responding to the eexcess queries, the results will be listed and merged with the results of the other partners. depending on the software component installed either on a user’s local machine or on an application server, the list of recommendations is displayed in different ways: from a classical, text-oriented list, to a visualization of metadata records. the recommender the eexcess architecture comprises  three major components: a privacy-preserving proxy, multiple client-side tools for the chrome browser, wordpress, google docs and more, and the central server-side component, responsible for generating recommendations, called recommender. covering all of these components in detail is beyond the scope of this blog post. instead, we want to focus on one component: the federated recommender, as it is the heart of the eexcess infrastructure.the recommender’s task is to generate a list of objects like text documents, images and videos (hereafter called documents, for brevity’s sake) in response to a given query. the list is supposed to contain only documents relevant to the user. moreover, the list should be ordered (by descending relevance). to generate such a list, the recommender can pick documents from the content providers that participate in the eexcess infrastructure. technically speaking but somewhat oversimplified: the recommender receives a query and forwards it to all content provider systems (like econbiz, europeana, mendeley and others). after receiving results from each content provider, the recommender decides in which order documents will be recommended to the user  and return it to the user who submitted the query.this raises some questions. how can we find relevant documents? the result lists from the content providers are already sorted by relevance; how can we merge them? can we deal with ambiguity and duplicates? can we respond within reasonable time? can we handle the technical disparities of the different content provider systems? how can we integrate the different document types? in the following, we will describe how we tackled some of these questions, by giving a more detailed explanation on how the recommender compiles the recommendation lists. recommendation process if the user wishes to obtain personalized recommendations, she can create a local profile (i.e. stored only on the user’s device). they can specify their education, age, field of interest and location. but to be clear here: this is optional. if the profile is used, the privacy proxy[ ] takes care of anonymizing the personal information. the overall process of creating personalized recommendations is depicted in figure and will be described in the following. after the user has sent a query as well as her user profile, a process called source selection is triggered. based on the user’s preferences, the source selection decides which partner systems will be queried. the reason for this is that most content providers cover only a specific discipline (see figure). for instance, queries from a user that is only interested in biology and chemistry will never receive econbiz recommendations, whereas a query from a user merely interested in politics and money will get econbiz recommendations (up to the present, this may change when other content provider participate). thereby, source selection lowers the network traffic and the latency of the overall process and increases the precision of the results at the expense of missing results and reduced diversity. optionally, the user can also select the sources manually. the subsequent query processing step alters the query: short queries are expanded using wikipedia knowledge long queries are split into smaller queries, which are then handled separately (see [ ] for more details).  the queries from the query processing step are then used to query the content providers selected during the source selection step. with the results from the content providers, two post processing steps are carried out to generate the personalized recommendations: result processing: the purpose of the result processing is to detect duplicates. a technique called fuzzy hashing is used for this purpose. the words that make up a result list’s entry are sorted, counted and truncated by the md hash algorithm [ ], which allows convenient comparison. result ranking: after the duplicates have been removed, the results are re-ranked. to do so, a slightly modified version of the round robin method is used. where vanilla round robin would just concatenate slices of the result lists (i.e. first two documents from list a + first two document from list b + …), weighted round robinmodifies this behavior by taking the overlap of the query and the result’s meta-data into account. this is, before merging the lists, each individual list is modified. documents, whose meta data exhibit a high accordance to the query, are being promoted. partner wizard as the quality of the recommended documents increases with the number and diversity of the content providers that participate, a component called partner wizard was implemented. its goal is to simplify the integration of new content providers to a level that non-experts can manage this process without any support from the eexcess consortium. this is achieved by a semi-automatic process triggered from a web frontend that is provided by the eexcess consortium. given a search api, it is relatively easy to obtain search results, but the main point is to obtain results that are meaningful and relevant to the user. since every search service behaves differently, there is no point in treating all services equally. some sort of customization is needed. that’s where the partner wizard comes into play. it allows an employee from the new content provider to specify the search api. afterwards, the wizard submits pre-assembled pairs of search queries to the new service. each pair is similar but not identical, like for examp query : &lt;term &gt; or &lt;term &gt; query : &lt;term &gt; and &lt;term &gt;. the thereby generated result lists are presented to the user, which has to decide which list contains the more relevant results and suits the query better (see figure). finally, based on the previous steps, a configuration file is generated that configures the federated recommender. whereupon the recommender mimics the behavior, that was previously exhibited. the wizard can be completed within a few minutes and it only requires a publically available search api. the project started with five initial content providers. now, due to the contribution of the partner wizard, there are more than ten content providers and negotiations with further candidates are ongoing. since there are almost no technical issues anymore, legal issues dominate the consultations. as all programs developed within the eexcess project are published under open source conditions, the partner wizard can be found at [ ]. conclusions the eexcess project is about injecting distributed content from different cultural and scientific domains into everyday user environments, so this content becomes more visible and better accessible. to achieve this goal and to establish a network of distributed content providers, apart from the various organizational, conceptual and legal aspects some specification and engineering of software is to be done – not only one-time, but also with respect to maintaining the technical components. one of the main goals of the project is to establish a community of networked information systems, with a lightweight approach towards joining this network by easily setting up a local partner recommender. future work will focus on this growing network and the increasing requirements of integrating heterogeneous content via central processing of recommendations. eexcess recommender recommender system &# ; metadata &# ; economics &# ; open source exile open source exile an open sourcer in exile 	#christchurchmosqueshootings 	how would we know when it was time to move from tei/xml to tei/json? 	whither tei? the next thirty years 	thoughts on the ndfnz wikipedia panel 	feedback on nlnz ‘digitalnz concepts api‘ 	bibframe 	a wikipedia strategy for the royal society of new zealand 	prep notes for ndf demonstration 	metadata vocabularies lodlam nz cares about 	unexpected advice 	goodbye 'social-media' world 	recreational authority control 	thoughts on "letter about the tei" from martin mueller 	unit testing framework for xsl transformations? 	is there a place for readers' collectives in the bright new world of ebooks? 	howto: deep linking into the nzetc site 	epubs and quality 	what librarything metadata can the nzetc reasonable stuff inside it's cc'd epubs? 	interlinking of collections: the quest continues 	ebook readers need openurl resolvers 	thoughts on koha 	data and data modelling and underlying assumptions 	learning xslt . part ; finding names 	legal māori archive 	why card-based records aren't good enough inventaire api inventaire api   powered by swagger  -  source code none the deep learning papers you need to know about (understanding cnns part ) – adit deshpande – engineering at forward | ucla cs ' adit deshpande engineering at forward | ucla cs ' blog about github projects resume the deep learning papers you need to know about (understanding cnns part ) introduction link to part link to part                 in this post, we’ll go into summarizing a lot of the new and important developments in the field of computer vision and convolutional neural networks. we’ll look at some of the most important papers that have been published over the last years and discuss why they’re so important.  the first half of the list (alexnet to resnet) deals with advancements in general network architecture, while the second half is just a collection of interesting papers in other subareas.  alexnet  ( )                 the one that started it all (though some may say that yann lecun’s paper in was the real pioneering publication). this paper, titled “imagenet classification with deep convolutional networks”, has been cited a total of , times and is widely regarded as one of the most influential publications in the field. alex krizhevsky, ilya sutskever, and geoffrey hinton created a “large, deep convolutional neural network” that was used to win the ilsvrc (imagenet large-scale visual recognition challenge). for those that aren’t familiar, this competition can be thought of as the annual olympics of computer vision, where teams from across the world compete to see who has the best computer vision model for tasks such as classification, localization, detection, and more. marked the first year where a cnn was used to achieve a top test error rate of . % (top error is the rate at which, given an image, the model does not output the correct label with its top predictions). the next best entry achieved an error of . %, which was an astounding improvement that pretty much shocked the computer vision community. safe to say, cnns became household names in the competition from then on out.                 in the paper, the group discussed the architecture of the network (which was called alexnet). they used a relatively simple layout, compared to modern architectures. the network was made up of conv layers, max-pooling layers, dropout layers, and fully connected layers. the network they designed was used for classification with possible categories. main points 	trained the network on imagenet data, which contained over million annotated images from a total of over , categories. 	used relu for the nonlinearity functions (found to decrease training time as relus are several times faster than the conventional tanh function). 	used data augmentation techniques that consisted of image translations, horizontal reflections, and patch extractions. 	implemented dropout layers in order to combat the problem of overfitting to the training data. 	trained the model using batch stochastic gradient descent, with specific values for momentum and weight decay. 	trained on two gtx gpus for five to six days. why it’s important                 the neural network developed by krizhevsky, sutskever, and hinton in was the coming out party for cnns in the computer vision community. this was the first time a model performed so well on a historically difficult imagenet dataset. utilizing techniques that are still used today, such as data augmentation and dropout, this paper really illustrated the benefits of cnns and backed them up with record breaking performance in the competition. zf net ( )                 with alexnet stealing the show in , there was a large increase in the number of cnn models submitted to ilsvrc . the winner of the competition that year was a network built by matthew zeiler and rob fergus from nyu. named zf net, this model achieved an . % error rate. this architecture was more of a fine tuning to the previous alexnet structure, but still developed some very keys ideas about improving performance. another reason this was such a great paper is that the authors spent a good amount of time explaining a lot of the intuition behind convnets and showing how to visualize the filters and weights correctly.                 in this paper titled “visualizing and understanding convolutional neural networks”, zeiler and fergus begin by discussing the idea that this renewed interest in cnns is due to the accessibility of large training sets and increased computational power with the usage of gpus. they also talk about the limited knowledge that researchers had on inner mechanisms of these models, saying that without this insight, the “development of better models is reduced to trial and error”. while we do currently have a better understanding than years ago, this still remains an issue for a lot of researchers! the main contributions of this paper are details of a slightly modified alexnet model and a very interesting way of visualizing feature maps. main points 	very similar architecture to alexnet, except for a few minor modifications. 	alexnet trained on million images, while zf net trained on only . million images. 	instead of using x sized filters in the first layer (which is what alexnet implemented), zf net used filters of size x and a decreased stride value. the reasoning behind this modification is that a smaller filter size in the first conv layer helps retain a lot of original pixel information in the input volume. a filtering of size x proved to be skipping a lot of relevant information, especially as this is the first conv layer. 	as the network grows, we also see a rise in the number of filters used. 	used relus for their activation functions, cross-entropy loss for the error function, and trained using batch stochastic gradient descent. 	trained on a gtx gpu for twelve days. 	developed a visualization technique named deconvolutional network, which helps to examine different feature activations and their relation to the input space. called “deconvnet” because it maps features to pixels (the opposite of what a convolutional layer does). deconvnet                 the basic idea behind how this works is that at every layer of the trained cnn, you attach a “deconvnet” which has a path back to the image pixels. an input image is fed into the cnn and activations are computed at each level. this is the forward pass. now, let’s say we want to examine the activations of a certain feature in the th conv layer. we would store the activations of this one feature map, but set all of the other activations in the layer to , and then pass this feature map as the input into the deconvnet. this deconvnet has the same filters as the original cnn. this input then goes through a series of unpool (reverse maxpooling), rectify, and filter operations for each preceding layer until the input space is reached.                 the reasoning behind this whole process is that we want to examine what type of structures excite a given feature map. let’s look at the visualizations of the first and second layers. like we discussed in part , the first layer of your convnet is always a low level feature detector that will detect simple edges or colors in this particular case. we can see that with the second layer, we have more circular features that are being detected. let’s look at layers , , and . these layers show a lot more of the higher level features such as dogs’ faces or flowers. one thing to note is that as you may remember, after the first conv layer, we normally have a pooling layer that downsamples the image (for example, turns a x x volume into a x x volume). the effect this has is that the nd layer has a broader scope of what it can see in the original image. for more info on deconvnet or the paper in general, check out zeiler himself presenting on the topic. why it’s important                 zf net was not only the winner of the competition in , but also provided great intuition as to the workings on cnns and illustrated more ways to improve performance. the visualization approach described helps not only to explain the inner workings of cnns, but also provides insight for improvements to network architectures. the fascinating deconv visualization approach and occlusion experiments make this one of my personal favorite papers. vgg net ( )                 simplicity and depth. that’s what a model created in (weren’t the winners of ilsvrc ) best utilized with its . % error rate. karen simonyan and andrew zisserman of the university of oxford created a layer cnn that strictly used x filters with stride and pad of , along with x maxpooling layers with stride . simple enough right? main points 	the use of only x sized filters is quite different from alexnet’s x filters in the first layer and zf net’s x filters. the authors’ reasoning is that the combination of two x conv layers has an effective receptive field of x . this in turn simulates a larger filter while keeping the benefits of smaller filter sizes. one of the benefits is a decrease in the number of parameters. also, with two conv layers, we’re able to use two relu layers instead of one. 	 conv layers back to back have an effective receptive field of x . 	as the spatial size of the input volumes at each layer decrease (result of the conv and pool layers), the depth of the volumes increase due to the increased number of filters as you go down the network. 	interesting to notice that the number of filters doubles after each maxpool layer. this reinforces the idea of shrinking spatial dimensions, but growing depth. 	worked well on both image classification and localization tasks. the authors used a form of localization as regression (see page of the paper for all details). 	built model with the caffe toolbox. 	used scale jittering as one data augmentation technique during training. 	used relu layers after each conv layer and trained with batch gradient descent. 	trained on nvidia titan black gpus for two to three weeks. why it’s important                 vgg net is one of the most influential papers in my mind because it reinforced the notion that convolutional neural networks have to have a deep network of layers in order for this hierarchical representation of visual data to work. keep it deep. keep it simple. googlenet ( )                 you know that idea of simplicity in network architecture that we just talked about? well, google kind of threw that out the window with the introduction of the inception module. googlenet is a layer cnn and was the winner of ilsvrc with a top error rate of . %. to my knowledge, this was one of the first cnn architectures that really strayed from the general approach of simply stacking conv and pooling layers on top of each other in a sequential structure. the authors of the paper also emphasized that this new model places notable consideration on memory and power usage (important note that i sometimes forget too: stacking all of these layers and adding huge numbers of filters has a computational and memory cost, as well as an increased chance of overfitting). inception module                 when we first take a look at the structure of googlenet, we notice immediately that not everything is happening sequentially, as seen in previous architectures. we have pieces of the network that are happening in parallel. this box is called an inception module. let’s take a closer look at what it’s made of. the bottom green box is our input and the top one is the output of the model (turning this picture right degrees would let you visualize the model in relation to the last picture which shows the full network). basically, at each layer of a traditional convnet, you have to make a choice of whether to have a pooling operation or a conv operation (there is also the choice of filter size). what an inception module allows you to do is perform all of these operations in parallel. in fact, this was exactly the “naïve” idea that the authors came up with. now, why doesn’t this work? it would lead to way too many outputs. we would end up with an extremely large depth channel for the output volume. the way that the authors address this is by adding x conv operations before the x and x layers. the x convolutions (or network in network layer) provide a method of dimensionality reduction. for example, let’s say you had an input volume of x x (this isn’t necessarily the dimensions of the image, just the input to any layer of the network). applying filters of x convolution would allow you to reduce the volume to x x . this means that the x and x convolutions won’t have as large of a volume to deal with. this can be thought of as a “pooling of features” because we are reducing the depth of the volume, similar to how we reduce the dimensions of height and width with normal maxpooling layers.  another note is that these x conv layers are followed by relu units which definitely can’t hurt (see aaditya prakash’s great post for more info on the effectiveness of x convolutions). check out this video for a great visualization of the filter concatenation at the end.                 you may be asking yourself “how does this architecture help?”. well, you have a module that consists of a network in network layer, a medium sized filter convolution, a large sized filter convolution, and a pooling operation. the network in network conv is able to extract information about the very fine grain details in the volume, while the x filter is able to cover a large receptive field of the input, and thus able to extract its information as well. you also have a pooling operation that helps to reduce spatial sizes and combat overfitting. on top of all of that, you have relus after each conv layer, which help improve the nonlinearity of the network. basically, the network is able to perform the functions of these different operations while still remaining computationally considerate. the paper does also give more of a high level reasoning that involves topics like sparsity and dense connections (read sections and of the paper. still not totally clear to me, but if anybody has any insights, i’d love to hear them in the comments!). main points 	used inception modules in the whole architecture, with over layers in total! now that is deep… 	no use of fully connected layers! they use an average pool instead, to go from a x x volume to a x x volume. this saves a huge number of parameters. 	uses x fewer parameters than alexnet. 	during testing, multiple crops of the same image were created, fed into the network, and the softmax probabilities were averaged to give us the final solution. 	utilized concepts from r-cnn (a paper we’ll discuss later) for their detection model. 	there are updated versions to the inception module (versions and ). 	trained on “a few high-end gpus within a week”. why it’s important                 googlenet was one of the first models that introduced the idea that cnn layers didn’t always have to be stacked up sequentially. coming up with the inception module, the authors showed that a creative structuring of layers can lead to improved performance and computationally efficiency. this paper has really set the stage for some amazing architectures that we could see in the coming years. microsoft resnet ( )                 imagine a deep cnn architecture. take that, double the number of layers, add a couple more, and it still probably isn’t as deep as the resnet architecture that microsoft research asia came up with in late . resnet is a new layer network architecture that set new records in classification, detection, and localization through one incredible architecture. aside from the new record in terms of number of layers, resnet won ilsvrc with an incredible error rate of . % (depending on their skill and expertise, humans generally hover around a - % error rate. see andrej karpathy’s great post on his experiences with competing against convnets on the imagenet challenge). residual block                 the idea behind a residual block is that you have your input x go through conv-relu-conv series. this will give you some f(x). that result is then added to the original input x. let’s call that h(x) = f(x) + x. in traditional cnns, your h(x) would just be equal to f(x) right? so, instead of just computing that transformation (straight from x to f(x)), we’re computing the term that you have to add, f(x), to your input, x. basically, the mini module shown below is computing a “delta” or a slight change to the original input x to get a slightly altered representation (when we think of traditional cnns, we go from x to f(x) which is a completely new representation that doesn’t keep any information about the original x). the authors believe that “it is easier to optimize the residual mapping than to optimize the original, unreferenced mapping”. another reason for why this residual block might be effective is that during the backward pass of backpropagation, the gradient will flow easily through the graph because we have addition operations, which distributes the gradient. main points 	“ultra-deep” – yann lecun. 	 layers… 	interesting note that after only the first layers, the spatial size gets compressed from an input volume of x to a x volume. 	authors claim that a naïve increase of layers in plain nets result in higher training and test error (figure in the paper). 	the group tried a -layer network, but got a lower test accuracy, presumably due to overfitting. 	trained on an gpu machine for two to three weeks. why it’s important                 . % error rate. that itself should be enough to convince you. the resnet model is the best cnn architecture that we currently have and is a great innovation for the idea of residual learning. with error rates dropping every year since , i’m skeptical about whether or not they will go down for ilsvrc . i believe we’ve gotten to the point where stacking more layers on top of each other isn’t going to result in a substantial performance boost. there would definitely have to be creative new architectures like we’ve seen the last years. on september th, the results for this year’s competition will be released. mark your calendar. bonus: resnets inside of resnets. yeah. i went there. region based cnns (r-cnn - , fast r-cnn - , faster r-cnn - )                 some may argue that the advent of r-cnns has been more impactful that any of the previous papers on new network architectures. with the first r-cnn paper being cited over times, ross girshick and his group at uc berkeley created one of the most impactful advancements in computer vision. as evident by their titles, fast r-cnn and faster r-cnn worked to make the model faster and better suited for modern object detection tasks.                 the purpose of r-cnns is to solve the problem of object detection. given a certain image, we want to be able to draw bounding boxes over all of the objects. the process can be split into two general components, the region proposal step and the classification step.                 the authors note that any class agnostic region proposal method should fit. selective search is used in particular for rcnn. selective search performs the function of generating different regions that have the highest probability of containing an object. after we’ve come up with a set of region proposals, these proposals are then “warped” into an image size that can be fed into a trained cnn (alexnet in this case) that extracts a feature vector for each region. this vector is then used as the input to a set of linear svms that are trained for each class and output a classification. the vector also gets fed into a bounding box regressor to obtain the most accurate coordinates. non-maxima suppression is then used to suppress bounding boxes that have a significant overlap with each other. fast r-cnn                 improvements were made to the original model because of main problems. training took multiple stages (convnets to svms to bounding box regressors), was computationally expensive, and was extremely slow (rcnn took seconds per image). fast r-cnn was able to solve the problem of speed by basically sharing computation of the conv layers between different proposals and swapping the order of generating region proposals and running the cnn. in this model, the image is first fed through a convnet, features of the region proposals are obtained from the last feature map of the convnet (check section . of the paper for more details), and lastly we have our fully connected layers as well as our regression and classification heads. faster r-cnn                 faster r-cnn works to combat the somewhat complex training pipeline that both r-cnn and fast r-cnn exhibited. the authors insert a region proposal network (rpn) after the last convolutional layer. this network is able to just look at the last convolutional feature map and produce region proposals from that. from that stage, the same pipeline as r-cnn is used (roi pooling, fc, and then classification and regression heads). why it’s important                 being able to determine that a specific object is in an image is one thing, but being able to determine that object’s exact location is a huge jump in knowledge for the computer. faster r-cnn has become the standard for object detection programs today. generative adversarial networks ( )                 according to yann lecun, these networks could be the next big development. before talking about this paper, let’s talk a little about adversarial examples. for example, let’s consider a trained cnn that works well on imagenet data. let’s take an example image and apply a perturbation, or a slight modification, so that the prediction error is maximized. thus, the object category of the prediction changes, while the image itself looks the same when compared to the image without the perturbation. from the highest level, adversarial examples are basically the images that fool convnets. adversarial examples (paper) definitely surprised a lot of researchers and quickly became a topic of interest. now let’s talk about the generative adversarial networks. let’s think of two models, a generative model and a discriminative model. the discriminative model has the task of determining whether a given image looks natural (an image from the dataset) or looks like it has been artificially created. the task of the generator is to create images so that the discriminator gets trained to produce the correct outputs. this can be thought of as a zero-sum or minimax two player game. the analogy used in the paper is that the generative model is like “a team of counterfeiters, trying to produce and use fake currency” while the discriminative model is like “the police, trying to detect the counterfeit currency”. the generator is trying to fool the discriminator while the discriminator is trying to not get fooled by the generator. as the models train, both methods are improved until a point where the “counterfeits are indistinguishable from the genuine articles”. why it’s important                 sounds simple enough, but why do we care about these networks? as yann lecun stated in his quora post, the discriminator now is aware of the “internal representation of the data” because it has been trained to understand the differences between real images from the dataset and artificially created ones. thus, it can be used as a feature extractor that you can use in a cnn. plus, you can just create really cool artificial images that look pretty natural to me (link). generating image descriptions ( )                 what happens when you combine cnns with rnns (no, you don’t get r-cnns, sorry )?but you do get one really amazing application. written by andrej karpathy (one of my personal favorite authors) and fei-fei li, this paper looks into a combination of cnns and bidirectional rnns (recurrent neural networks) to generate natural language descriptions of different image regions. basically, the model is able to take in an image, and output this: that’s pretty incredible. let’s look at how this compares to normal cnns. with traditional cnns, there is a single clear label associated with each image in the training data. the model described in the paper has training examples that have a sentence (or caption) associated with each image. this type of label is called a weak label, where segments of the sentence refer to (unknown) parts of the image. using this training data, a deep neural network “infers the latent alignment between segments of the sentences and the region that they describe” (quote from the paper). another neural net takes in the image as input and generates a description in text. let’s take a separate look at the two components, alignment and generation. alignment model                 the goal of this part of the model is to be able to align the visual and textual data (the image and its sentence description). the model works by accepting an image and a sentence as input, where the output is a score for how well they match (now, karpathy refers a different paper which goes into the specifics of how this works. this model is trained on compatible and incompatible image-sentence pairs).                 now let’s think about representing the images. the first step is feeding the image into an r-cnn in order to detect the individual objects. this r-cnn was trained on imagenet data. the top (plus the original image) object regions are embedded to a dimensional space. now we have different dimensional vectors (represented by v in the paper) for each image. we have information about the image. now, we want information about the sentence. we’re going to embed words into this same multimodal space. this is done by using a bidirectional recurrent neural network. from the highest level, this serves to illustrate information about the context of words in a given sentence. since this information about the picture and the sentence are both in the same space, we can compute inner products to show a measure of similarity. generation model                 the alignment model has the main purpose of creating a dataset where you have a set of image regions (found by the rcnn) and corresponding text (thanks to the brnn). now, the generation model is going to learn from that dataset in order to generate descriptions given an image. the model takes in an image and feeds it through a cnn. the softmax layer is disregarded as the outputs of the fully connected layer become the inputs to another rnn. for those that aren’t as familiar with rnns, their function is to basically form probability distributions on the different words in a sentence (rnns also need to be trained just like cnns do). disclaimer: this was definitely one of the more dense papers in this section, so if anyone has any corrections or other explanations, i’d love to hear them in the comments! why it’s important                 the interesting idea for me was that of using these seemingly different rnn and cnn models to create a very useful application that in a way combines the fields of computer vision and natural language processing. it opens the door for new ideas in terms of how to make computers and models smarter when dealing with tasks that cross different fields. spatial transformer networks ( )                 last, but not least, let’s get into one of the more recent papers in the field. this paper was written by a group at google deepmind a little over a year ago. the main contribution is the introduction of a spatial transformer module. the basic idea is that this module transforms the input image in a way so that the subsequent layers have an easier time making a classification. instead of making changes to the main cnn architecture itself, the authors worry about making changes to the image before it is fed into the specific conv layer. the things that this module hopes to correct are pose normalization (scenarios where the object is tilted or scaled) and spatial attention (bringing attention to the correct object in a crowded image). for traditional cnns, if you wanted to make your model invariant to images with different scales and rotations, you’d need a lot of training examples for the model to learn properly. let’s get into the specifics of how this transformer module helps combat that problem.                 the entity in traditional cnn models that dealt with spatial invariance was the maxpooling layer. the intuitive reasoning behind this layer was that once we know that a specific feature is in the original input volume (wherever there are high activation values), it’s exact location is not as important as its relative location to other features. this new spatial transformer is dynamic in a way that it will produce different behavior (different distortions/transformations) for each input image. it’s not just as simple and pre-defined as a traditional maxpool. let’s take look at how this transformer module works. the module consists of: 	a localization network which takes in the input volume and outputs parameters of the spatial transformation that should be applied. the parameters, or theta, can be dimensional for an affine transformation. 	the creation of a sampling grid that is the result of warping the regular grid with the affine transformation (theta) created in the localization network. 	a sampler whose purpose is to perform a warping of the input feature map. this module can be dropped into a cnn at any point and basically helps the network learn how to transform feature maps in a way that minimizes the cost function during training. why it’s important                 this paper caught my eye for the main reason that improvements in cnns don’t necessarily have to come from drastic changes in network architecture. we don’t need to create the next resnet or inception module. this paper implements the simple idea of making affine transformations to the input image in order to help models become more invariant to translation, scale, and rotation. for those interested, here is a video from deepmind that has a great animation of the results of placing a spatial transformer module in a cnn and a good quora discussion.   and that ends our part series on convnets! hope everyone was able to follow along, and if you feel that i may have left something important out, let me know in the comments! if you want more info on some of these concepts, i once again highly recommend stanford cs n lecture videos which can be found with a simple youtube search. dueces. sources tweet written on 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robarts library collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m the john p. robarts research library, commonly referred to as robarts library, is the main humanities and social sciences library of the university of toronto libraries and the largest individual library in the university. opened in and named for john robarts, the th premier of ontario, the library contains more than . million bookform items, . million microform items and , other items. the library building is one of the most significant examples of brutalist architecture in... . m m folksoundomy: a library of sound collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m folksonomy : a system of classification derived from the practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content; this practice is also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging. coined by thomas vander wal, it is a portmanteau of folk and taxonomy. folksoundomy : a collection of sounds, music and speech derived from the efforts of volunteers to make information as widely available as possible. because... . m m california digital library collection , items . m views feb , / collection eye . m the california digital library supports the assembly and creative use of the world's scholarship and knowledge for the university of california libraries and the communities they serve. in addition, the cdl provides tools that support the construction of online information services for research, teaching, and learning, including services that enable the uc libraries to effectively share their materials and provide greater access to digital content. . m m community spirituality and religion collection , items . m views jun , / collection eye . m these religion and spirituality videos were contributed by archive users. . m m netlabels collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m welcome to the netlabels collection at the internet archive . this collection hosts complete, freely downloadable/streamable, often creative commons -licensed catalogs of 'virtual record labels'. these 'netlabels' are non-profit, community-built entities dedicated to providing high quality, non-commercial, freely distributable mp /ogg-format music for online download in a multitude of genres. styles include: melodic electronica ( e.g. observatory online , please do something ) minimal house (... ( reviews ) . m m truyen audio collection collection , items . m views feb , / collection eye . m . m m feature films collection , items . m views feb , / by internet archive collection eye . m feature films, shorts , silent films and trailers are available for viewing and downloading. enjoy! view a list of all the feature films sorted by popularity . do you want to post a feature film? first, figure out if it's in the public domain. read this faq about determining if something is pd. if you're still not sure, post a question to the forum below with as much information about the movie as possible. one of our users might have relevant information. topic: moving images . m m european libraries collection , items . m views oct , / collection eye . m scanned books from various european libraries. . m m apk archive collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m a collection of apk (android package) software programs uploaded by various users. . m m kodi archive and support file collection collection , items . m views jul , / collection eye . m kodi (formerly xbmc) is a free and open-source media player software application developed by the xbmc foundation, a non-profit technology consortium. kodi is available for multiple operating systems and hardware platforms, with a software -foot user interface for use with televisions and remote controls. it allows users to play and view most streaming media, such as videos, music, podcasts, and videos from the internet, as well as all common digital media files from local and network storage... . m m television archive collection , , items . m views jun , / collection eye . m programs in&nbsp; tv news archive for research and educational purposes. the programs allow users to search across a collection of television news programs dating back to for research and educational purposes such as fact checking. users may view short clips, share links to customized short quotes, embed customized short quotes, or borrow a copy of the full program. ( reviews ) . m m prelinger archives collection , items . m views jun , / collection eye . m view thousands of films from the prelinger archives! prelinger archives was founded in by rick prelinger in new york city. over the next twenty years, it grew into a collection of over , "ephemeral" (advertising, educational, industrial, and amateur) films. in , the film collection was acquired by the library of congress, motion picture, broadcasting and recorded sound division . prelinger archives remains in existence, holding approximately , digitized and... . m m united states patent and trademark office documents collection , items . m views may , / collection eye . m united states patent and trademark office documents contributed by think computer foundation. topic: u.s patent . m m television archive news search service collection , , items . m views jun , / collection eye . m items included in the television news search service. part of tv news archive . . m m grateful dead collection , items . m views mar , / by grateful dead collection eye . m browse: this just in · stream only (sbd) shows · downloadable (aud) shows · this day in history · average review rating · number reviews · date reviewed · number views · search forums created in this collection consists of both audience and soundboard recordings. it is not uncommon to find multiple versions of the same show. for more information please see the faq . the grateful dead collection is not currently open to public uploads. search shows: downloadable shows - usually... topic: grateful dead, jam, rock, jerry garcia . m m folkscanomy: a library of books collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m folksonomy : a system of classification derived from the practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content; this practice is also known as collaborative tagging, social classification, social indexing, and social tagging. coined by thomas vander wal, it is a portmanteau of folk and taxonomy. folkscanomy : a collection of books and text derived from the efforts of volunteers to make information as widely available as possible. because the... . m m biodiversity heritage library collection , items . m views dec , / collection eye . m inspiring discovery through free access to biodiversity knowledge. | the biodiversity heritage library improves research methodology by collaboratively making biodiversity literature openly available to the world as part of a global biodiversity community. bhl also serves as the foundational literature component of the encyclopedia of life . the biodiversity heritage library (bhl) is a consortium of natural history and botanical libraries that cooperate to digitize the legacy literature of... . m m the vintage software collection collection , items . m views jun , / collection eye . m the vintage software collection gathers various efforts by groups to classify, preserve, and provide historical software. these older programs, many of them running on defunct and rare hardware, are provided for purposes of study, education, and historical reference.&nbsp; . m m internet arcade collection , items . m views aug , / collection eye . m the internet arcade is a web-based library of arcade (coin-operated) video games from the s through to the s, emulated in jsmame, part of the jsmess software package. containing hundreds of games ranging through many different genres and styles, the arcade provides research, comparison, and entertainment in the realm of the video game arcade.   the game collection ranges from early "bronze-age" videogames, with black and white screens and simple sounds, through to large-scale... . m m islamic sermons and lessons collection , items . m views jan , / collection eye . m sermons, lessons and teachings, as well as supplemental and related materials.&nbsp; more results fetching more results next page bibliographic wilderness 	skip to content 	 		 			 				 					 												bibliographic wilderness 										 				 									 						menu					 				 			 		 	 				 				about 	contact 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 						 				 			 			are you talking to heroku redis in cleartext or ssl? 			 	 		 in “typical” redis installation, you might be talking to redis on localhost or on a private network, and clients typically talk to redis in cleartext. redis doesn’t even natively support communications over ssl. (or maybe it does now with redis ?) however, the heroku redis add-on (the one from heroku itself) supports ssl connections via “stunnel”, a tool popular with other redis users use to get ssl redis connections too. (or maybe via native redis with redis ? not sure if you’d know the difference, or if it matters). there are heroku docs on all of this which say: while you can connect to heroku redis without the stunnel buildpack, it is not recommend. the data traveling over the wire will be unencrypted. perhaps especially because on heroku your app does not talk to redis via localhost or on a private network, but on a public network. but i think i’ve worked on heroku apps before that missed this advice and are still talking to heroku in the clear. i just happened to run across it when i got curious about the redis_tls_url env/config variable i noticed heroku setting. which brings us to another thing, that heroku doc on it is out of date, it doesn’t mention the redis_tls_url config variable, just the redis_url one. the difference? the tls version will be a url beginning with rediss:// instead of redis:// , note extra s, which many redis clients use as a convention for “ssl connection to redis probably via stunnel since redis itself doens’t support it”. the redis docs provide ruby and go examples which instead use redis_url and writing code to swap the redis:// for rediss:// and even hard-code port number adjustments, which is silly! (while i continue to be very impressed with heroku as a product, i keep running into weird things like this outdated documentation, that does not match my experience/impression of heroku’s all-around technical excellence, and makes me worry if heroku is slipping…). the docs also mention a weird driver: ruby arg for initializing the redis client that i’m not sure what it is and it doesn’t seem necessary. the docs are correct that you have to tell the ruby redis client not to try to verify ssl keys against trusted root certs, and this implementation uses a self-signed cert. otherwise you will get an error that looks like: openssl::ssl::sslerror: ssl_connect returned= errno= state=error: certificate verify failed (self signed certificate in certificate chain) so, can be as simple as: redis_client = redis.new(url: env['redis_tls_url'], ssl_params: { verify_mode: openssl::ssl::verify_none }) $redis = redis_client # and/or resque.redis = redis_client i don’t use sidekiq on this project currently, but to get the ssl connection with verify_none, looking at sidekiq docs maybe on sidekiq docs you might have to(?): redis_conn = proc { redis.new(url: env['redis_tls_url'], ssl_params: { verify_mode: openssl::ssl::verify_none }) } sidekiq.configure_client do |config| config.redis = connectionpool.new(size: , &redis_conn) end sidekiq.configure_server do |config| config.redis = connectionpool.new(size: , &redis_conn) end (not sure what values you should pick for connection pool size). while the sidekiq docs mention heroku in passing, they don’t mention need for ssl connections — i think awareness of this heroku feature and their recommendation you use it may not actually be common! update: beware redis_url can also be rediss on one of my apps i saw a redis_url which used redis: and a redis_tls_url which uses (secure) rediss:. but on another app, it provides *only* a redis_url, which is rediss — meaning you have to set the verify_mode: openssl::ssl::verify_none when passing it to ruby redis client. so you have to be prepared to do this with redis_url values too — i think it shouldn’t hurt to set the ssl_params option even if you pass it a non-ssl redis: url, so just set it all the time? this second app was heroku- stack, and the first was heroku- stack, is that the difference? no idea. documented anywhere? i doubt it. definitely seems sloppy for what i expect of heroku, making me get a bit suspicious of whether heroku is sticking to the really impressive level of technical excellence and documentation i expect from them. so, your best bet is to check for both redis_tls_url and redis_url, prefering the tls one if present, realizing the redis_url can have a rediss:// value in it too. the heroku docs also say you don’t get secure tls redis connection on “hobby” plans, but i”m not sure that’s actually true anymore on heroku- ? not trusting the docs is not a good sign. 			 			 				 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			 comments 			 									november , november , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			comparing performance of a rails app on different heroku formations 			 	 		 i develop a “digital collections” or “asset management” app, which manages and makes digitized historical objects and their descriptions available to the public, from the collections here at the science history institute. the app receives relatively low level of traffic (according to google analytics, around k pageviews a month), although we want it to be able to handle spikes without falling down. it is not the most performance-optimized app, it does have some relatively slow responses and can be ram-hungry. but it works adequately on our current infrastructure: web traffic is handled on a single aws ec t .medium instance, with passenger processes (free version of passenger, so no multi-threading). we are currently investigating the possibility of moving our infrastructure to heroku. after realizing that heroku standard dynos did not seem to have the performance characteristics i had expected, i decided to approach performance testing more methodically, to compare different heroku dyno formations to each other and to our current infrastructure. our basic research question is probably what heroku formation do we need to have similar performance to our existing infrastructure? i am not an expert at doing this — i did some research, read some blog posts, did some thinking, and embarked on this. i am going to lead you through how i approached this and what i found. feedback or suggestions are welcome. the most surprising result i found was much poorer performance from heroku standard dynos than i expected, and specifically that standard dynos would not match performance of present infrastructure. what urls to use in test some older load-testing tools only support testing one url over and over. i decided i wanted to test a larger sample list of urls — to be a more “realistic” load, and also because repeatedly requesting only one url might accidentally use caches in ways you aren’t expecting giving you unrepresentative results. (our app does not currently use fragment caching, but caches you might not even be thinking about include postgres’s built-in automatic caches, or passenger’s automatic turbocache (which i don’t think we have turned on)). my initial thought to get a list of such urls from our already-in-production app from production logs, to get a sample of what real traffic looks like. there were a couple barriers for me to using production logs as urls: 	some of those urls might require authentication, or be post requests. the bulk of our app’s traffic is get requests available without authentication, and i didn’t feel like the added complexity of setting up anything else in a load traffic was worthwhile. 	our app on heroku isn’t fully functional yet. without having connected it to a solr or background job workers, only certain urls are available. in fact, a large portion of our traffic is an “item” or “work” detail page like this one. additionally, those are the pages that can be the biggest performance challenge, since the current implementation includes a thumbnail for every scanned page or other image, so response time unfortunately scales with number of pages in an item. so i decided a good list of urls was simply a representative same of those “work detail” pages. in fact, rather than completely random sample, i took the largest/slowest work pages, and then added in another randomly chosen from our current ~ k pages. and gave them all a randomly shuffled order. in our app, every time a browser requests a work detail page, the js on that page makes an additional request for a json document that powers our page viewer. so for each of those work detail pages, i added the json request url, for a more “realistic” load, and total urls. performance: “base speed” vs “throughput under load” thinking about it, i realized there were two kinds of “performance” or “speed” to think about. you might just have a really slow app, to exagerate let’s say typical responses are seconds. that’s under low/no-traffic, a single browser is the only thing interacting with the app, it makes a single request, and has to wait seconds for a response. that number might be changed by optimizations or performance regressions in your code (including your dependencies). it might also be changed by moving or changing hardware or virtualization environment — including giving your database more cpu/ram resources, etc. but that number will not change by horizontally scaling your deployment — adding more puma or passenger processes or threads, scaling out hosts with a load balancer or heroku dynos. none of that will change this base speed because it’s just how long the app takes to prepare a response when not under load, how slow it is in a test only one web worker , where adding web workers won’t matter because they won’t be used. then there’s what happens to the app actually under load by multiple users at once. the base speed is kind of a lower bound on throughput under load — page response time is never going to get better than s for our hypothetical very slow app (without changing the underlying base speed). but it can get a lot worse if it’s hammered by traffic. this throughput under load can be effected not only by changing base speed, but also by various forms of horizontal scaling — how many puma or passenger processes you have with how many threads each, and how many cpus they have access to, as well as number of heroku dynos or other hosts behind a load balancer. (i had been thinking about this distinction already, but nate berkopec’s great blog post on scaling rails apps gave me the “speed” vs “throughout” terminology to use). for my condition, we are not changing the code at all. but we are changing the host architecture from a manual ec t .medium to heroku dynos (of various possible types) in a way that could effect base speed, and we’re also changing our scaling architecture in a way that could change throughput under load on top of that — from one t .medium with passenger process to possibly multiple heroku dynos behind heroku’s load balancer, and also (for reasons) switching from free passenger to trying puma with multiple threads per process. (we are running puma with new experimental performance features turned on). so we’ll want to get a sense of base speed of the various host choices, and also look at how throughput under load changes based on various choices. benchmarking tool: wrk we’re going to use wrk. there are lots of choices for http benchmarking/load testing, with really varying complexity and from different eras of web history. i got a bit overwhelmed by it, but settled on wrk. some other choices didn’t have all the features we need (some way to test a list of urls, with at least some limited percentile distribution reporting). others were much more flexible and complicated and i had trouble even figuring out how to use them! wrk does need a custom lua script in order to handle a list of urls. i found a nice script here, and modified it slightly to take filename from an env variable, and not randomly shuffle input list. it’s a bit confusing understanding the meaning of “threads” vs “connections” in wrk arguments. this blog post from appfolio clears it up a bit. i decided to leave threads set to , and vary connections for load — so -c -t is a “one url at a time” setting we can use to test “base speed”, and we can benchmark throughput under load by increasing connections. we want to make sure we run the test for long enough to touch all urls in our list at least once, even in the slower setups, to have a good comparison — ideally it would be go through the list more than once, but for my own ergonomics i had to get through a lot of tests so ended up less tha ideal. (should i have put fewer than urls in? not sure). conclusions in advance as benchmarking posts go (especially when i’m the one writing them), i’m about to drop a lot of words and data on you. so to maximize the audience that sees the conclusions (because they surprise me, and i want feedback/pushback on them), i’m going to give you some conclusions up front. our current infrastructure has web app on a single ec t .medium, which is a burstable ec type — our relatively low-traffic app does not exhaust it’s burst credits. measuring base speed (just one concurrent request at a time), we found that performance dynos seem to have about the cpu speed of a bursting t .medium (just a hair slower). but standard dynos are as a rule to times slower; additionally they are highly variable, and that variability can be over hours/days. a minute period can have measured response times or more times slower than another minute period a couple hours later. but they seem to typically be - x slower than our current infrastructure. under load, they scale about how you’d expect if you knew how many cpus are present, no real surprises. our existing t .medium has two cpus, so can handle simultaneous requests as fast as , and after that degrades linearly. a single performance-l ($ /month) has cpus ( hyperthreads), so scales under load much better than our current infrastructure. a single performance-m ($ /month) has only cpu (!), so scales pretty terribly under load. testing scaling with standard- x’s ($ /month total), we see that it scales relatively evenly. although lumpily because of variability, and it starts out so much worse performing that even as it scales “evenly” it’s still out-performed by all other arcchitectures. :( (at these relatively fast median response times you might say it’s still fast enough who cares, but in our fat tail of slower pages it gets more distressing). now we’ll give you lots of measurements, or you can skip all that to my summary discussion or conclusions for our own project at the end. let’s compare base speed ok, let’s get to actual measurements! for “base speed” measurements, we’ll be telling wrk to use only one connection and one thread. existing t .medium: base speed our current infrastructure is one ec t .medium. this ec instance type has two vcpus and gb of ram. on that single ec instance, we run passenger (free not enterprise) set to have passenger processes, although the base speed test with only one connection should only touch one of the workers. the t is a “burstable” type, and we do always have burst credits (this is not a high traffic app; verified we never exhausted burst credits in these tests), so our test load may be taking advantage of burst cpu. $ urls=./sample_works.txt wrk -c -t -d m --timeout s --latency -s load_test/multiplepaths.lua.txt https://[current staging server] multiplepaths: found paths multiplepaths: found paths running m test @ https://staging-digital.sciencehistory.org threads and connections thread stats avg stdev max +/- stdev latency . ms . ms . s . % req/sec . . . . % latency distribution % . ms % . ms % . ms % . s requests in . m, . mb read requests/sec: . transfer/sec: . mb i’m actually feeling pretty good about those numbers on our current infrastructure! ms median, not bad, and even ms th percentile is not too bad. now, our test load involves some json responses that are quicker to deliver than corresponding html page, but still pretty good. the th/ th/and max request ( . s) aren’t great, but i knew i had some slow pages, this matches my previous understanding of how slow they are in our current infrastructure. th percentile is ~ times th percenile. i don’t have an understanding of why the two different req/sec and requests/sec values are so different, and don’t totally understand what to do with the stdev and +/- stdev values, so i’m just going to be sticking to looking at the latency percentiles, i think “latency” could also be called “response times” here. but ok, this is our baseline for this workload. and doing this minute test at various points over the past few days, i can say it’s nicely regular and consistent, occasionally i got a slower run, but th percentile was usually ms– ms, right around there. heroku standard- x: base speed from previous mucking about, i learned i can only reliably fit one puma worker in a standard- x, and heroku says “we typically recommend a minimum of   processes, if possible” (for routing algorithmic reasons when scaled to multiple dynos), so i am just starting at a standard- x with two puma workers each with threads, matching heroku recommendations for a standard- x dyno. so one thing i discovered is that bencharks from a heroku standard dyno are really variable, but here are typical ones: $ heroku dyno:resize type size qty cost/mo ─────── ─────────── ─── ─────── web standard- x $ heroku config:get --shell web_concurrency rails_max_threads web_concurrency= rails_max_threads= $ urls=./sample_works.txt wrk -c -t -d m --timeout s --latency -s load_test/multiplepaths.lua.txt https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ multiplepaths: found paths multiplepaths: found paths running m test @ https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ threads and connections thread stats avg stdev max +/- stdev latency . ms . ms . s . % req/sec . . . . % latency distribution % . ms % . ms % . s % . s requests in . m, . mb read requests/sec: . transfer/sec: . kb i had heard that heroku standard dynos would have variable performance, because they are shared multi-tenant resources. i had been thinking of this like during a minute test i might see around the same median with more standard deviation — but instead, what it looks like to me is that running this benchmark on monday at am might give very different results than at : am or tuesday at pm. the variability is over a way longer timeframe than my minute test — so that’s something learned. running this here and there over the past week, the above results seem to me typical of what i saw. (to get better than “seem typical” on this resource, you’d have to run a test, over several days or a week i think, probably not hammering the server the whole time, to get a sense of actual statistical distribution of the variability). i sometimes saw tests that were quite a bit slower than this, up to a ms median. i rarely if ever saw results too much faster than this on a standard- x. th percentile is ~ x median, less than my current infrastructure, but that still gets up there to . instead of ms. this typical one is quite a bit slower than than our current infrastructure, our median response time is x the latency, with th and max being around x. this was worse than i expected. heroku performance-m: base speed although we might be able to fit more puma workers in ram, we’re running a single-connection base speed test, so it shouldn’t matter to, and we won’t adjust it. $ heroku dyno:resize type size qty cost/mo ─────── ───────────── ─── ─────── web performance-m $ heroku config:get --shell web_concurrency rails_max_threads web_concurrency= rails_max_threads= $ urls=./sample_works.txt wrk -c -t -d m --timeout s --latency -s load_test/multiplepaths.lua.txt https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ multiplepaths: found paths multiplepaths: found paths running m test @ https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ threads and connections thread stats avg stdev max +/- stdev latency . ms . ms . s . % req/sec . . . . % latency distribution % . ms % . ms % . s % . s requests in . m, . mb read requests/sec: . transfer/sec: . kb this is a lot closer to the ballpark of our current infrastructure. it’s a bit slower ( ms median intead of ms median), but in running this now and then over the past week it was remarkably, thankfully, consistent. median and th percentile are both % slower (makes me feel comforted that those numbers are the same in these two runs!), that doesn’t bother me so much if it’s predictable and regular, which it appears to be. the max appears to me still a little bit less regular on heroku for some reason, since performance is supposed to be non-shared aws resources, you wouldn’t expect it to be, but slow requests are slow, ok. th percentile is ~ x median, about the same as my current infrastructure. heroku performance-l: base speed $ heroku dyno:resize type size qty cost/mo ─────── ───────────── ─── ─────── web performance-l $ heroku config:get --shell web_concurrency rails_max_threads web_concurrency= rails_max_threads= urls=./sample_works.txt wrk -c -t -d m --timeout s --latency -s load_test/multiplepaths.lua.txt https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ multiplepaths: found paths multiplepaths: found paths running m test @ https://scihist-digicoll.herokuapp.com/ threads and connections thread stats avg stdev max +/- stdev latency . ms . ms . s . % req/sec . . . . % latency distribution % . ms % . ms % . s % . s requests in . m, . mb read requests/sec: . transfer/sec: . kb no news is good news, it looks very much like performance-m, which is exactly what we expected, because this isn’t a load test. it tells us that performance-m and performance-l seem to have similar cpu speeds and similar predictable non-variable regularity, which is what i find running this test periodically over a week. th percentile is ~ x median, about the same as current infrastructure. the higher max speed is just evidence of what i mentioned, the speed of slowest request did seem to vary more than on our manual t .medium, can’t really explain why. summary: base speed not sure how helpful this visualization is, charting th, th, and th percentile responses across architectures. but basically: performance dynos perform similarly to my (bursting) t .medium. can’t explain why performance-l seems slightly slower than performance-m, might be just incidental variation when i ran the tests. the standard- x is about twice as slow as my (bursting) t .medium. again recall standard- x results varied a lot every time i ran them, the one i reported seems “typical” to me, that’s not super scientific, admittedly, but i’m confident that standard- x are a lot slower in median response times than my current infrastructure. throughput under load ok, now we’re going to test using wrk to use more connections. in fact, i’ll test each setup with various number of connections, and graph the result, to get a sense of how each formation can handle throughput under load. (this means a lot of minutes to get all these results, at minutes per number of connection test, per formation!). an additional thing we can learn from this test, on heroku we can look at how much ram is being used after a load test, to get a sense of the app’s ram usage under traffic to understand the maximum number of puma workers we might be able to fit in a given dyno. existing t .medium: under load a t .medium has g of ram and cpus. we run passenger workers (no multi-threading, since we are free, rather than enterprise, passenger). so what do we expect? with cpus and more than workers, i’d expect it to handle simultaneous streams of requests almost as well as ; - should be quite a bit slower because they are competing for the cpus. over , performance will probably become catastrophic. connections are exactly flat with , as expected for our two cpus, hooray! then it goes up at a strikingly even line. going over (to ) simultaneous connections doesn’t matter, even though we’ve exhausted our workers, i guess at this point there’s so much competition for the two cpus already. the slope of this curve is really nice too actually. without load, our median response time is ms, but even at a totally overloaded overloaded connections, it’s only ms, which actually isn’t too bad. we can make a graph that in addition to median also has th, th, and th percentile response time on it: it doesn’t tell us too much; it tells us the upper percentiles rise at about the same rate as the median. at simultaneous connection th percentile of ms is about times the median of ms; at requests the th percentile of . seconds is about times the median of ms. this does remind us that under load when things get slow, this has more of a disastrous effect on already slow requests than fast requests. when not under load, even our th percentile was kind of sort of barley acceptable at ms, but under load at . seconds it really isn’t. single standard- x dyno: under load a standard- x dyno has g of ram. the (amazing, excellent, thanks schneems) heroku puma guide suggests running two puma workers with threads each. at first i wanted to try running three workers, which seemed to fit into available ram — but under heavy load-testing i was getting heroku r memory quota exceeded errors, so we’ll just stick with the heroku docs recommendations. two workers with threads each fit with plenty of headroom. a standard- x dyno is runs on shared (multi-tenant) underlying amazon virtual hardware. so while it is running on hardware with cpus (each of which can run two “hyperthreads“), the puma doc suggests “it is best to assume only one process can execute at a time” on standard dynos. what do we expect? well, if it really only had one cpu, it would immediately start getting bad at simulataneous connections, and just get worse from there. when we exceed the two worker count, will it get even worse? what about when we exceed the thread ( workers * threads) count? you’d never run just one dyno if you were expecting this much traffic, you’d always horizontally scale. this very artificial test is just to get a sense of it’s characteristics. also, we remember that standard- x’s are just really variable; i could get much worse or better runs than this, but graphed numbers from a run that seemed typical. well, it really does act like cpu, simultaneous connections is immediately a lot worse than . the line isn’t quite as straight as in our existing t .medium, but it’s still pretty straight; i’d attribute the slight lumpiness to just the variability of shared-architecture standard dyno, and figure it would get perfectly straight with more data. it degrades at about the same rate of our baseline t .medium, but when you start out slower, that’s more disastrous. our t .medium at an overloaded simultaneous requests is ms (pretty tolerable actually), times the median at one request only. this standard- x has a median response time of ms at only one simultaneous request, and at an overloaded requests has a median response time also about x worse, but that becomes a less tolerable ms. does also graphing the th, th, and th percentile tell us much? eh, i think the lumpiness is still just standard shared-architecture variability. the rate of “getting worse” as we add more overloaded connections is actually a bit better than it was on our t .medium, but since it already starts out so much slower, we’ll just call it a wash. (on t .medium, th percentile without load is ms and under an overloaded connections . s. on this single standard- x, it’s . s and . s). i’m not sure how much these charts with various percentiles on them tell us, i’ll not include them for every architecture hence. standard- x, dynos: under load ok, realistically we already know you shouldn’t have just one standard- x dyno under that kind of load. you’d scale out, either manually or perhaps using something like the neat rails autoscale add-on. let’s measure with dynos. each is still running puma workers, with threads each. what do we expect? hm, treating each dyno as if it has only one cpu, we’d expect it to be able to handle traffic pretty levelly up to simultenous connections, distributed to dynos. it’s going to do worse after that, but up to there is still one puma worker per connection so it might get even worse after ? well… i think that actually is relatively flat from to simultaneous connections, except for lumpiness from variability. but lumpiness from variability is huge! we’re talking ms median measured at connection, up to ms measured median at , down to ms at . and then maybe yeah, a fairly shallow slope up to simutaneous connections than steeper. but it’s all fairly shallow slope compared to our base t .medium. at connections (after which we pretty much max out), the standard- x median of ms is only . times the median at conection. compared to the t .median increase of . times. as we’d expect, scaling out to dynos (with four cpus/ hyperthreads) helps us scale well — the problem is the baseline is so slow to begin (with very high bounds of variability making it regularly even slower). performance-m: under load a performance-m has . gb of memory. it only has one physical cpu, although two “vcpus” (two hyperthreads) — and these are all your apps, it is not shared. by testing under load, i demonstrated i could actually fit workers on there without any memory limit errors. but is there any point to doing that with only / cpus? under a bit of testing, it appeared not. the heroku puma docs recommend only processes with threads. you could do a whole little mini-experiment just trying to measure/optimize process/thread count on performance-m! we’ve already got too much data here, but in some experimentation it looked to me like processes with threads each performed better (and certainly no worse) than processes with threads — if you’ve got the ram just sitting there anyway (as we do), why not? i actually tested with puma processes with threads each. there is still a large amount of ram headroom we aren’t going to use even under load. what do we expect? well, with the “hyperthreads” perhaps it can handle simultaneous requests nearly as well as (or not?); after that, we expect it to degrade quickly same as our original t .medium did. it an handle connections slightly better than you’d expect if there really was only cpu, so i guess a hyperthread does give you something. then the slope picks up, as you’d expect; and it looks like it does get steeper after simultaneous connections, yup. performance-l: under load a performance-l ($ /month) costs twice as much as a performance-m ($ /month), but has far more than twice as much resources. performance-l has a whopping gb of ram compared to performance-m’s . gb; and performance-l has real cpus/hyperthreads available to use (visible using the nproc technique in the heroku puma article. because we have plenty of ram to do so, we’re going to run worker processes to match our original t .medium’s. we still ran with threads, just cause it seems like maybe you should never run a puma worker with only one thread? but who knows, maybe workers with thread each would perform better; plenty of room (but not plenty of my energy) for yet more experimentation. what do we expect? the graph should be pretty flat up to simultaneous connections, then it should start getting worse, pretty evenly as simultaneous connections rise all the way up to . it is indeed pretty flat up to simultaneous connections. then up to it’s still not too bad — median at is only ~ . median at (!). then it gets worse after (oh yeah, hyperthreads?). but the slope is wonderfully shallow all the way. even at simultaneous connections, the median response time of ms is only . x what it was at one connection. (in our original t .medium, at simultaneous connections median response time was over x what it was at connection). this thing is indeed a monster. summary comparison: under load we showed a lot of graphs that look similar, but they all had different sclaes on the y-axis. let’s plot median response times under load of all architectures on the same graph, and see what we’re really dealing with. the blue t .medium is our baseline, what we have now. we can see that there isn’t really a similar heroku option, we have our choice of better or worse. the performance-l is just plain better than what we have now. it starts out performing about the same as what we have now for or simultaneous connections, but then scales so much flatter. the performance-m also starts out about thesame, but sccales so much worse than even what we have now. (it’s that real cpu instead of , i guess?). the standard- x scaled to dynos… has it’s own characteristics. it’s baseline is pretty terrible, it’s to times as slow as what we have now even not under load. but then it scales pretty well, since it’s dynos after all, it doesn’t get worse as fast as performance-m does. but it started out so bad, that it remains far worse than our original t .medium even under load. adding more dynos to standard- x will help it remain steady under even higher load, but won’t help it’s underlying problem that it’s just slower than everyone else. discussion: thoughts and surprises 	i had been thinking of a t .medium (even with burst) as “typical” (it is after all much slower than my macbook), and has been assuming (in retrospect with no particular basis) that a heroku standard dyno would perform similarly. 	most discussion and heroku docs, as well as the naming itself, suggest that a ‘standard’ dyno is, well, standard, and performance dynos are for “super scale, high traffic apps”, which is not me. 	but in fact, heroku standard dynos are much slower and more variable in performance than a bursting t .medium. i suspect they are slower than other options you might consider non-heroku “typical” options. 	my conclusion is honestly that “standard” dynos are really “for very fast, well-optimized apps that can handle slow and variable cpu” and “performance” dynos are really “standard, matching the cpu speeds you’d get from a typical non-heroku option”. but this is not how they are documented or usually talked about. are other people having really different experiences/conclusions than me? if so, why, or where have i gone wrong?	this of course has implications for estimating your heroku budget if considering switching over. :( 	if you have a well-optimized fast app, say even th percentile is ms (on bursting t .medium), then you can handle standard slowness — so what your th percentile is now ms (and during some time periods even much slower, s or worse, due to variability). that’s not so bad for a th percentile. 	one way to get a very fast is of course caching. there is lots of discussion of using caching in rails, sometimes the message (explicit or implicit) is “you have to use lots of caching to get reasonable performance cause rails is so slow.” what if many of these people are on heroku, and it’s really you have to use lots of caching to get reasonable performance on heroku standard dyno?? 	i personally don’t think caching is maintenance free; in my experience properly doing cache invalidation and dealing with significant processing spikes needed when you choose to invalidate your entire cache (cause cached html needs to change) lead to real maintenance/development cost. i have not needed caching to meet my performance goals on present architecture. 	everyone doesn’t necessarily have the same performance goals/requirements. mine of a low-traffic non-commercial site are are maybe more modest, i just need users not to be super annoyed. but whatever your performance goals, you’re going to have to spend more time on optimization on a heroku standard than something with much faster cpu — like a standard affordable mid-tier ec . am i wrong? 	one significant factor on heroku standard dyno performance is that they use shared/multi-tenant infrastructure. i wonder if they’ve actually gotten lower performance over time, as many customers (who you may be sharing with) have gotten better at maximizing their utilization, so the shared cpus are typically more busy? like a frog boiling, maybe nobody noticed that standard dynos have become lower performance? i dunno, brainstorming.	or maybe there are so many apps that start on heroku instead of switcching from somewhere else, that people just don’t realize that standard dynos are much slower than other low/mid-tier options? 	i was expecting to pay a premium for heroku — but even standard- x’s are a significant premium over paying for t .medium ec yourself, one i found quite reasonable…. performance dynos are of course even more premium. 	i had a sort of baked-in premise that most rails apps are “io-bound”, they spend more time waiting on io than using cpu. i don’t know where i got that idea, i heard it once a long time ago and it became part of my mental model. i now do not believe this is true true of my app, and i do not in fact believe it is true of most rails apps in . i would hypothesize that most rails apps today are in fact cpu-bound. 	the performance-m dyno only has one cpu. i had somehow also been assuming that it would have two cpus — i’m not sure why, maybe just because at that price! it would be a much better deal with two cpus. 	instead we have a huge jump from $ performance-m to $ performance-l that has x the cpus and ~ x the ram. 	so it doesn’t make financial sense to have more than one performance-m dyno, you might as well go to performance-l. but this really complicates auto-scaling, whether using heroku’s feature , or the awesome rails autoscale add-on. i am not sure i can afford a performance-l all the time, and a performance-m might be sufficient most of the time. but if % of the time i’m going to need more (or even %, or even unexpectedly-mentioned-in-national-media), it would be nice to set things up to autoscale up…. i guess to financially irrational or more performance-m’s? :( 	the performance-l is a very big machine, that is significantly beefier than my current infrastructure. and has far more ram than i need/can use with only physical cores. if i consider standard dynos to be pretty effectively low tier (as i do), heroku to me is kind of missing mid-tier options. a cpu option at . g or g of ram would make a lot of sense to me, and actually be exactly what i need… really i think performance-m would make more sense with cpus at it’s existing already-premium price point, and to be called a “performance” dyno. . maybe heroku is intentionally trying set options to funnel people to the highest-priced performance-l. conclusion: what are we going to do? in my investigations of heroku, my opinion of the developer ux and general service quality only increases. it’s a great product, that would increase our operational capacity and reliability, and substitute for so many person-hours of sysadmin/operational time if we were self-managing (even on cloud architecture like ec ). but i had originally been figuring we’d use standard dynos (even more affordably, possibly auto-scaled with rails autoscale plugin), and am disappointed that they end up looking so much lower performance than our current infrastructure. could we use them anyway? response time going from ms to ms — hey, ms is still fine, even if i’m sad to lose those really nice numbers i got from a bit of optimization. but this app has a wide long-tail ; our th percentile going from ms to s, our th percentile going from ms to . s and our th going from . s to . s — a lot harder to swallow. especially when we know that due to standard dyno variability, a slow-ish page that on my present architecture is reliably . s, could really be anywhere from to (!) on heroku. i would anticipate having to spend a lot more developer time on optimization on heroku standard dynos — or, i this small over-burdened non-commercial shop, not prioritizing that (or not having the skills for it), and having our performance just get bad. so i’m really reluctant to suggest moving our app to heroku with standard dynos. a performance-l dyno is going to let us not have to think about performance any more than we do now, while scaling under high-traffic better than we do now — i suspect we’d never need to scale to more than one performance-l dyno. but it’s pricey for us. a performance-m dyno has a base-speed that’s fine, but scales very poorly and unaffordably. doesn’t handle an increase in load very well as one dyno, and to get more cpus you have to pay far too much (especially compared to standard dynos i had been assuming i’d use). so i don’t really like any of my options. if we do heroku, maybe we’ll try a performance-m, and “hope” our traffic is light enough that a single one will do? maybe with rails autoscale for traffic spikes, even though performance-m dynos isn’t financially efficient? if we are scaling to (or more!) performance-m’s more than very occasionally, switch to performance-l, which means we need to make sure we have the budget for it? 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			leave a comment 			 									november , november , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			deep dive: moving ruby projects from travis to github actions for ci 			 	 		 so this is one of my super wordy posts, if that’s not your thing abort now, but some people like them. we’ll start with a bit of context, then get to some detailed looks at github actions features i used to replace my travis builds, with example config files and examination of options available. for me, by “continuous integration” (ci), i mostly mean “running automated tests automatically, on your code repo, as you develop”, on every pr and sometimes with scheduled runs. other people may mean more expansive things by “ci”. for a lot of us, our first experience with ci was when travis-ci started to become well-known, maybe years ago or so. travis was free for open source, and so darn easy to set up and use — especially for rails projects, it was a time when it still felt like most services focused on docs and smooth fit for ruby and rails specifically. i had heard of doing ci, but as a developer in a very small and non-profit shop, i want to spend time writing code not setting up infrastructure, and would have had to get any for-cost service approved up the chain from our limited budget. but it felt like i could almost just flip a switch and have travis on ruby or rails projects working — and for free! free for open source wasn’t entirely selfless, i think it’s part of what helped travis literally define the market. (btw, i think they were the first to invent the idea of a “badge” url for a github readme?) along with an amazing developer ux (which is today still a paragon), it just gave you no reason not to use it. and then once using it, it started to seem insane to not have ci testing, nobody would ever again want to develop software without the build status on every pr before merge. travis really set a high bar for ease of use in a developer tool, you didn’t need to think about it much, it just did what you needed, and told you what you needed to know in it’s read-outs. i think it’s an impressive engineering product. but then. end of an era travis will no longer be supporting open source projects with free ci. the free open source travis projects originally ran on travis-ci.org, with paid commercial projects on travis-ci.com. in may , they announced they’d be unifying these on travis-ci.com only, but with no announced plan that the policy for free open source would change. this migration seemed to proceed very slowly though. perhaps because it was part of preparing the company for a sale, in jan it was announced private equity firm idera had bought travis. at the time the announcement said “we will continue to maintain a free, hosted service for open source projects,” but knowing what “private equity” usually means, some were concerned for the future. (hn discussion). while the faq on the migration to travis-ci.com still says that travis-ci.org should remain reliable until projects are fully migrated, in fact over the past few months travis-ci.org projects largely stopped building, as travis apparently significantly reduced resources on the platform. some people began manually migrating their free open source projects to travis-ci.com where builds still worked. but, while the faq also still says “will travis ci be getting rid of free users? travis ci will continue to offer a free tier for public or open-source repositories on travis-ci.com” — in fact, travis announced that they are ending the free service for open source. the “free tier” is a limited trial (available not just to open source), and when it expires, you can pay, or apply to a special program for an extension, over and over again. they are contradicting themselves enough that while i’m not sure exactly what is going to happen, but no longer trust them as a service. enter github actions i work mostly on ruby and rails projects. they are all open source, almost all of them use travis. so while (once moved to travis-ci.com) they are all currently working, it’s time to start moving them somewhere else, before i have dozens of projects with broken ci and still don’t know how to move them. and the new needs to be free — many of these projects are zero-budget old-school “volunteer” or “informal multi-institutional collaboration” open source. there might be several other options, but the one i chose is github actions — my sense that it had gotten mature enough to start approaching travis level of polish, and all of my projects are github-hosted, and github actions is free for unlimited use for open source. (pricing page; aug announcement of free for open source). and we are really fortunate that it became mature and stable in time for travis to withdraw open source support (if travis had been a year earlier, we’d be in trouble). github actions is really powerful. it is built to do probably way more than travis does, definitely way beyond “automated testing” to various flows for deployment and artifact release, to really just about any kind of process for managing your project you want. the logic you can write almost unlimited, all running on github’s machines. as a result though…. i found it a bit overwhelming to get started. the github actions docs are just overwhelmingly abstract, there is so much there, you can almost anything — but i don’t actually want to learn a new platform, i just want to get automated test ci for my ruby project working! there are some language/project speccific guides available, for node.js, python, a few different java setups — but not for ruby or rails! my how rails has fallen, from when most services like this would be focusing on rails use cases first. :( there are some third part guides available that might focus on ruby/rails, but one of the problems is that actions has been evolving for a few years with some pivots, so it’s easy to find outdated instructions. one i found helpful orientation was this drifting ruby screencast. this screencast showed me there is a kind of limited web ui with integrated docs searcher — but i didn’t end up using it, i just created the text config file by hand, same as i would have for travis. github provides templates for “ruby” or “ruby gem”, but the drifting ruby sccreencast said “these won’t really work for our ruby on rails application so we’ll have to set up one manually”, so that’s what i did too. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ but the cost of all the power github actions provides is… there are a lot more switches and dials to understand and get right (and maintain over time and across multiple projects). i’m not someone who likes copy-paste without understanding it, so i spent some time trying to understand the relevant options and alternatives; in the process i found some things i might have otherwise copy-pasted from other people’s examples that could be improved. so i give you the results of my investigations, to hopefully save you some time, if wordy comprehensive reports are up your alley. a simple test workflow: ruby gem, test with multiple ruby versions here’s a file for a fairly simple test workflow. you can see it’s in the repo at .github/workflows. the name of the file doesn’t matter — while this one is called ruby.yml, i’ve since moved over to naming the file to match the name: key in the workflow for easier traceability, so i would have called it ci.yml instead. triggers you can see we say that this workflow should be run on any push to master branch, and also for any pull_request at all. many other examples i’ve seen define pull_request: branches: ["main"], which seems to mean only run on pull requests with main as the base. while that’s most of my pr’s, if there is ever a pr that uses another branch as a base for whatever reason, i still want to run ci! while hypothetically you should be able leave branches out to mean “any branch”, i only got it to work by explicitly saying branches: ["**"] matrix for this gem, we want to run ci on multiple ruby versions. you can see we define them here. this works similarly to travis matrixes. if you have more than one matrix variable defined, the workflow will run for every combination of variables (hence the name “matrix”). matrix: ruby: [ ' . . ', ' . . ', ' . . ', ' . . ', 'jruby- . . . ', 'jruby- . . . ' ] in a given run, the current value of the matrix variables is available in github actions “context”, which you can acccess as eg ${{ matrix.ruby }}. you can see how i use that in the name, so that the job will show up with it’s ruby version in it. name: ruby ${{ matrix.ruby }} ruby install while github itself provides an action for ruby install, it seems most people are using this third-party action. which we reference as `ruby/setup-ruby@v `. you can see we use the matrix.ruby context to tell the setup-ruby action what version of ruby to install, which works because our matrix values are the correct values recognized by the action. which are documented in the readme, but note that values like jruby-head are also supported. note, although it isn’t clearly documented, you can say . to mean “latest available . .x” (rather than it meaning “ . . ”), which is hugely useful, and i’ve switched to doing that. i don’t believe that was available via travis/rvm ruby install feature. for a project that isn’t testing under multiple rubies, if we left out the with: ruby-version, the action will conveniently use a .ruby-version file present in the repo. note you don’t need to put a gem install bundler into your workflow yourself, while i’m not sure it’s clearly documented, i found the ruby/setup-ruby action would do this for you (installing the latest available bundler, instead of using whatever was packaged with ruby version), btw regardless of whether you are using the bundler-cache feature (see below). note on how matrix jobs show up to github with travis, testing for multiple ruby or rails versions with a matrix, we got one (or, well, actually two) jobs showing up on the github pr: each of those lines summaries a collection of matrix jobs (eg different ruby versions). if any of the individual jobs without the matrix failed, the whole build would show up as failed. success or failure, you could click on “details” to see each job and it’s status: i thought this worked pretty well — especially for “green” builds i really don’t need to see the details on the pr, the summary is great, and if i want to see the details i can click through, great. with github actions, each matrix job shows up directly on the pr. if you have a large matrix, it can be… a lot. some of my projects have way more than . on pr: maybe it’s just because i was used to it, but i preferred the travis way. (this also makes me think maybe i should change the name key in my workflow to say eg ci: ruby . . to be more clear? oops, tried that, it just looks even weirder in other gh contexts, not sure.) oh, also, that travis way of doing the build twice, once for “pr” and once for “push”? github actions doesn’t seem to do that, it just does one, i think corresponding to travis “push”. while the travis feature seemed technically smart, i’m not sure i ever actually saw one of these builds pass while the other failed in any of my projects, i probably won’t miss it. badge did you have a readme badge for travis? don’t forget to swap it for equivalent in github actions. the image url looks like: https://github.com/$owner/$repository/workflows/$workflow_name/badge.svg?branch=master, where $workflow_name of course has to be url-escaped if it ocntains spaces etc. the github page at https://github.com/owner/repo/actions, if you select a particular workflow/branch, does, like travis, give you a badge url/markdown you can copy/paste if you click on the three-dots and then “create status badge”. unlike travis, what it gives you to copy/paste is just image markdown, it doesn’t include a link. but i definitely want the badge to link to viewing the results of the last build in the ui. so i do it manually. limit to the speciifc workflow and branch that you made the badge for in the ui then just copy and paste the url from the browser. a bit confusing markdown to construct manually, here’s what it ended up looking like for me: 		[![ci status](https://github.com/jrochkind/attr_json/workflows/ci/badge.svg?branch=master)% d(https://github.com/jrochkind/attr_json/actions?query=workflow% aci+branch% amaster) view raw gh_badge_markdown_example.txt hosted with ❤ by github i copy and paste that from an existing project when i need it in a new one. :shrug: require ci to merge pr? however, that difference in how jobs show up to github, the way each matrix job shows up separately now, has an even more negative impact on requiring ci success to merge a pr. if you want to require that ci passes before merging a pr, you configure that at https://github.com/acct/project/settings/branches under “branch protection rules”.when you click “add rule”, you can/must choose which jobs are “required”. for travis, that’d be those two “master” jobs, but for the new system, every matrix job shows up separately — in fact, if you’ve been messing with job names trying to get it right as i have, you have any job name that was ever used in the last days, and they don’t have the github workflow name appended to them or anything (another reason to put github workflow name in the job name?). but the really problematic part is that if you edit your list of jobs in the matrix — adding or removing ruby versions as one does, or even just changing the name that shows up for a job — you have to go back to this screen to add or remove jobs as a “required status check”. that seems really unworkable to me, i’m not sure how it hasn’t been a major problem already for users. it would be better if we could configure “all the checks in the workflow, whatever they may be”, or perhaps best of all if we could configure a check as required in the workflow yml file, the same place we’re defining it, just a required_before_merge key you could set to true or use a matrix context to define or whatever. i’m currently not requiring status checks for merge on most of my projects (even though i did with travis), because i was finding it unmanageable to keep the job names sync’d, especially as i get used to github actions and kept tweaking things in a way that would change job names. so that’s a bit annoying. fail_fast: false by default, if one of the matrix jobs fails, github acitons will cancel all remaining jobs, not bother to run them at all. after all, you know the build is going to fail if one job fails, what do you need those others for? well, for my use case, it is pretty annoying to be told, say, “job for ruby . . failed, we can’t tell you whether the other ruby versions would have passed or failed or not” — the first thing i want to know is if failed on all ruby versions or just . . , so now i’d have to spend extra time figuring that out manually? no thanks. so i set `fail_fast: false` on all of my workflows, to disable this behavior. note that travis had a similar (opt-in) fast_finish feature, which worked subtly different: travis would report failure to github on first failure (and notify, i think), but would actually keep running all jobs. so when i saw a failure, i could click through to ‘details’ to see which (eg) ruby versions passed, from the whole matrix. this does work for me, so i’d chose to opt-in to that travis feature. unfortunately, the github actions subtle difference in effect makes it not desirable to me. note you may see some people referencing a github actions continue-on-error feature. i found the docs confusing, but after experimentation what this really does is mark a job as successful even when it fails. it shows up in all gh ui as succeeeded even when it failed, the only way to know it failed would be to click through to the actual build log to see failure in the logged console. i think “continue on error” is a weird name for this; it is not useful to me with regard to fine-tuning fail-fast; or honestly in any other use case i can think of that i have. bundle cache? bundle install can take + seconds, and be a significant drag on your build (not to mention a lot of load on rubygems servers from all these builds). so when travis introduced a feature to cache: bundler: true, it was very popular. true to form, github actions gives you a generic caching feature you can try to configure for your particular case (npm, bundler, whatever), instead of an out of the box feature “just do the right thing you for bundler, you figure it out”. the ruby/setup-ruby third-party action has a built-in feature to cache bundler installs for you, but i found that it does not work right if you do not have a gemfile.lock checked into the repo. (ie, for most any gem, rather than app, project). it will end up re-using cached dependencies even if there are new releases of some of your dependencies, which is a big problem for how i use ci for a gem — i expect it to always be building with latest releases of dependencies, so i can find out of one breaks the build. this may get fixed in the action. if you have an app (rather than gem) with a gemfile.lock checked into repo, the bundler-cache: true feature should be just fine. otherwise, github has some suggestions for using the generic cache feature for ruby bundler (search for “ruby – bundler” on this page) — but i actually don’t believe they will work right without a gemfile.lock checked into the repo either. starting from that example, and using the restore-keys feature, i think it should be possible to design a use that works much like travis’s bundler cache did, and works fine without a checked-in gemfile.lock. we’d want it to use a cache from the most recent previous (similar job), and then run bundle install anyway, and then cache the results again at the end always to be available for the next run. but i haven’t had time to work that out, so for now my gem builds are simply not using bundler caching. (my gem builds tend to take around seconds to do a bundle install, so that’s in every build now, could be worse). update nov : the ruby/ruby-setup action should be fixed to properly cache-bust when you don’t have a gemfile.lock checked in. if you are using a matrix for ruby version, as below, you must set the ruby version by setting the bundle_gemfile env variable rather than the way we did it below, and there is is a certain way github action requires/provides you do that, it’s not just export. see the issue in ruby/ruby-setup project. notifications: not great travis has really nice defaults for notifications: the person submitting the pr would get an email generally only on status changes (from pass to fail or fail to pass) rather than on every build. and travis would even figure out what email to send to based on what email you used in your git commits. (originally perhaps a workaround to lack of github api at travis’ origin, i found it a nice feature). and then travis has sophisticated notification customization available on a per-repo basis. github notifications are unfortunately much more basic and limited. the only notification settings avaialable are for your entire account at https://github.com/settings/notifications, “github actions”. so they apply to all github workflows in all projects, there are no workflow- or project-specific settings. you can set to receive notification via web push or email or both or neither. you can receive notifications for all builds or only failed builds. that’s it. the author of a pr is the one who receives the notifications, same as in travis. you will get notifications for every single build, even repeated successes or failures in a series. i’m not super happy with the notification options. i may end up just turning off github actions notifications entirely for my account. hypothetically, someone could probably write a custom github action to give you notifications exactly how travis offered — after all, travis was using public gh api that should be available to any other author, and i think should be usable from within an action. but when i started to think through it, while it seemed an interesting project, i realized it was definitely beyond the “spare hobby time” i was inclined to give to it at present, especially not being much of a js developer (the language of custom gh actions, generally). (while you can list third-party actions on the github “marketplace”, i don’t think there’s a way to charge for them). . there are custom third-party actions available to do things like notify slack for build completion; i haven’t looked too much into any of them, beyond seeing that i didn’t see any that would be “like travis defaults”. a more complicated gem: postgres, and rails matrix let’s move to a different example workflow file, in a different gem. you can see i called this one ci.yml, matching it’s name: ci, to have less friction for a developer (including future me) trying to figure out what’s going on. this gem does have rails as a dependency and does test against it, but isn’t actually a rails engine as it happens. it also needs to test against postgres, not just sqlite . scheduled builds at one point travis introduced a feature for scheduling (eg) weekly builds even when no pr/commit had been made. i enthusiastically adopted this for my gem projects. why? gem releases are meant to work on a variety of different ruby versions and different exact versions of dependencies (including rails). sometimes a new release of ruby or rails will break the build, and you want to know about that and fix it. with ci builds happening only on new code, you find out about this with some random new code that is unlikely to be related to the failure; and you only find out about it on the next “new code” that triggers a build after a dependency release, which on some mature and stable gems could be a long time after the actual dependency release that broke it. so scheduled builds for gems! (i have no purpose for scheduled test runs on apps). github actions does have this feature. hooray. one problem is that you will receive no notification of the result of the scheduled build, success or failure. :( i suppose you could include a third-party action to notify a fixed email address or slack or something else; not sure how you’d configure that to apply only to the scheduled builds and not the commit/pr-triggered builds if that’s what you wanted. (or make an custom action to file a gh issue on failure??? but make sure it doesn’t spam you with issues on repeated failures). i haven’t had the time to investigate this yet. also oops just noticed this: “in a public repository, scheduled workflows are automatically disabled when no repository activity has occurred in days.” which poses some challenges for relying on scheduled builds to make sure a stable slow-moving gem isn’t broken by dependency updates. i definitely am committer on gems that are still in wide use and can go - + months without a commit, because they are mature/done. i still have it configured in my workflow; i guess even without notifications it will effect the “badge” on the readme, and… maybe i’ll notice? very far from ideal, work in progress. :( rails matrix ok, this one needs to test against various ruby versions and various rails versions. a while ago i realized that an actual matrix of every ruby combined with every rails was far too many builds. fortunately, github actions supports the same kind of matrix/include syntax as travis, which i use. matrix: include: - gemfile: rails_ _ ruby: . - gemfile: rails_ _ ruby: . i use the appraisal gem to handle setting up testing under multiple rails versions, which i highly recommend. you could use it for testing variant versions of any dependencies, i use it mostly for varying rails. appraisal results in a separate gemfile committed to your repo for each (in my case) rails version, eg ./gemfiles/rails_ _ .gemfile. so those values i use for my gemfile matrix key are actually portions of the gemfile path i’m going to want to use for each job. then we just need to tell bundler, in a given matrix job, to use the gemfile we specified in the matrix. the old-school way to do this is with the bundle_gemfile environmental variable, but i found it error-prone to make sure it stayed consistently set in each workflow step. i found that the newer (although not that new!) bundle config set gemfile worked swimmingly! i just set it before the bundle install, it stays set for the rest of the run including the actual test run. steps: # [...] - name: bundle install run: | bundle config set gemfile "${github_workspace}/gemfiles/${{ matrix.gemfile }}.gemfile" bundle install --jobs --retry note that single braces are used for ordinary bash syntax to reference the env variable ${github_workspace}, but double braces for the github actions context value interpolation ${{ matrix.gemfile }}. works great! oh, note how we set the name of the job to include both ruby and rails matrix values, important for it showing up legibly in github ui: name: ${{ matrix.gemfile }}, ruby ${{ matrix.ruby }}. because of how we constructed our gemfile matrix, that shows up with job names rails_ _ , ruby . . still not using bundler caching in this workflow. as before, we’re concerned about the ruby/setup-ruby built-in bundler-cache feature not working as desired without a gemfile.lock in the repo. this time, i’m also not sure how to get that feature to play nicely with the variant gemfiles and bundle config set gemfile. github actions makes you put together a lot more pieces together yourself compared to travis, there are still things i just postponed figuring out for now. postgres this project needs to build against a real postgres. that is relatively easy to set up in github actions. postgres normally by default allows connections on localhost without a username/password set, and my past builds (in travis or locally) took advantage of this to not bother setting one, which then the app didn’t have to know about. but the postgres image used for github actions doesn’t allow this, you have to set a username/password. so the section of the workflow that sets up postgres looks like: jobs: tests: services: db: image: postgres: . env: postgres_user: postgres postgres_password: postgres ports: [' : '] is the default postgres port, we need to set it and map it so it will be available as expected. note you also can specify whatever version of postgres you want, this one is intentionally testing on one a bit old. ok now our rails app that will be executed under rspec needs to know that username and password to use in it’s postgres connection; when before it connected without a username/password. that env under the postgres service image is not actually available to the job steps. i didn’t find any way to dry the username/password in one place, i had to repeat it in another env block, which i put at the top level of the workflow so it would apply to all steps. and then i had to alter my database.yml to use those env variables, in the test environment. on a local dev machine, if your postgres doens’t have a username/password requirement and you don’t set the env variables, it keeps working as before. i also needed to add host: localhost to the database.yml; before, the absence of the host key meant it used a unix-domain socket (filesystem-located) to connect to postgres, but that won’t work in the github actions containerized environment. note, there are things you might see in other examples that i don’t believe you need: 	no need for an apt-get of pg dev libraries. i think everything you need is on the default gh actions images now. 	some examples i’ve seen do a thing with options: --health-cmd pg_isready, my builds seem to be working just fine without it, and less code is less code to maintain. allow_failures in travis, i took advantage of the travis allow_failures key in most of my gems. why? i am testing against various ruby and rails versions; i want to test against *future* (pre-release, edge) ruby and rails versions, cause its useful to know if i’m already with no effort passing on them, and i’d like to keep passing on them — but i don’t want to mandate it, or prevent pr merges if the build fails on a pre-release dependency. (after all, it could very well be a bug in the dependency too!) there is no great equivalent to allow_failures in github actions. (note again, continue_on_error just makes failed jobs look identical to successful jobs, and isn’t very helpful here). i investigated some alternatives, which i may go into more detail on in a future post, but on one project i am trying a separate workflow just for “future ruby/rails allowed failures” which only checks master commits (not prs), and has a separate badge on readme (which is actually pretty nice for advertising to potential users “yeah, we already work on rails edge/ . .rc !”). main downside there is having to copy/paste synchronize what’s really the same workflow in two files. a rails app i have many more number of projects i’m a committer on that are gems, but i spend more of my time on apps, one app in specific. so here’s an example github actions ci workflow for a rails app. it mostly remixes the features we’ve already seen. it doesn’t need any matrix. it does need a postgres. it does need some “os-level” dependencies — the app does some shell-out to media utilities like vips and ffmpeg, and there are integration tests that utilize this. easy enough to just install those with apt-get, works swimmingly. - name: install apt dependencies run: | sudo apt-get -y install libvips-tools ffmpeg mediainfo update nov: my apt-get that worked for a couple weeks started failing for some reason on trying to install a libpulse dependency of one of those packages, the solution was doing a sudo apt-get update before the sudo apt-get install. i guess this is always good practice? (that forum post also uses apt install and apt update instead of apt-get install and apt-get update, that i can’t tell you much about, i’m really not a linux admin). in addition to the bundle install, a modern rails app using webpacker needs yarn install. this just worked for me — no need to include lines for installing npm itself or yarn or any yarn dependencies, although some examples i find online have them. (my yarn installs seem to happen in ~ seconds, so i’m not motivated to try to figure out caching for yarn). and we need to create the test database in the postgres, which i do with rails_env=test bundle exec rails db:create — typical rails test setup will then automatically run migrations if needed. there might be other (better?) ways to prep the database, but i was having trouble getting rake db:prepare to work, and didn’t spend the time to debug it, just went with something that worked. - name: set up app run: | rails_env=test bundle exec rails db:create yarn install rails test setup usually ends up running migrations automatically is why i think this worked alone, but you could also throw in a rails_env=test bundle exec rake db:schema:load if you wanted. under travis i had to install chrome with addons: chrome: stable to have it available to use with capybara via the webdrivers gem. no need for installing chrome in github actions, some (recent-ish?) version of it is already there as part of the standard github actions build image. in this workflow, you can also see a custom use of the github “cache” action to cache a solr install that the test setup automatically downloads and sets up. in this case the cache doesn’t actually save us any build time, but is kinder on the apache foundation servers we are downloading from with every build otherwise (and have gotten throttled from in the past). conclusion github aciton sis a really impressively powerful product. and it’s totally going to work to replace travis for me. it’s also probably going to take more of my time to maintain. the trade-off of more power/flexibility and focusing on almost limitless use cases is more things th eindividual project has to get right for their use case. for instance figuring out the right configuration to get caching for bundler or yarn right, instead of just writing cache: { yarn: true, bundler: true}. and when you have to figure it out yourself, you can get it wrong, which when you are working on many projects at once means you have a bunch of places to fix. the amazingness of third-party action “marketplace” means you have to figure out the right action to use (the third-party ruby/setup-ruby instead of the vendor’s actions/setup-ruby), and again if you change your mind about that you have a bunch of projects to update. anyway, it is what it is — and i’m grateful to have such a powerful and in fact relatively easy to use service available for free! i could not really live without ci anymore, and won’t have to! oh, and github actions is giving me way more (free) simultaneous parallel workers than travis ever did, for my many-job builds! 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			 comments 			 									november , november , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			unexpected performance characteristics when exploring migrating a rails app to heroku 			 	 		 i work at a small non-profit research institute. i work on a rails app that is a “digital collections” or “digital asset management” app. basically it manages and provides access (public as well as internal) to lots of files and description about those files, mostly images. it’s currently deployed on some self-managed amazon ec instances (one for web, one for bg workers, one in which postgres is installed, etc). it gets pretty low-traffic in general web/ecommerce/rails terms. the app is definitely not very optimized — we know it’s kind of a ram hog, we know it has many actions whose response time is undesirable. but it works “good enough” on it’s current infrastructure for current use, such that optimizing it hasn’t been the highest priority. we are considering moving it from self-managed ec to heroku, largely because we don’t really have the capacity to manage the infrastructure we currently have, especially after some recent layoffs. our rails app is currently served by passenger on an ec t .medium ( g of ram). i expected the performance characteristics moving to heroku “standard” dynos would be about the same as they are on our current infrastructure. but was surprised to see some degradation: 	responses seem much slower to come back when deployed, mainly for our slowest actions. quick actions are just as quick on heroku, but slower ones (or perhaps actions that involve more memory allocations?) are much slower on heroku. 	the application instances seem to take more ram running on heroku dynos than they do on our ec (this one in particular mystifies me). i am curious if anyone with more heroku experience has any insight into what’s going on here. i know how to do profiling and performance optimization (i’m more comfortable with profiling cpu time with ruby-prof than i am with trying to profile memory allocations with say derailed_benchmarks). but it’s difficult work, and i wasn’t expecting to have to do more of it as part of a migration to heroku, when performance characteristics were acceptable on our current infrastructure. response times (cpu) again, yep, know these are fairly slow response times. but they are “good enough” on current infrastruture (ec t .medium), wasn’t expecting them to get worse on heroku (standard- x dyno, backed by heroku pg standard- ). fast pages are about the same, but slow pages (that create a lot of objects in memory?) are a lot slower. this is not load testing, i am not testing under high traffic or for current requests. this is just accessing demo versions of the app manually one page a time, to see response times when the app is only handling one response at a time. so it’s not about how many web workers are running or fit into ram or anything; one is sufficient. 	action	existing ec t .medium	heroku standard- x dyno 	slow reporting page that does a few very expensive sql queries, but they do not return a lot of objects. rails logging reports: allocations: 	~ ms	~ ms (faster pg?) 	fast page with a few ar/sql queries returning just a few objects each, a few partials, etc. rails logging reports: allocations: 	 - ms	~ ms 	a fairly small “item” page, rails logging reports: allocations: 	~ ms	~ ms 	a medium size item page, loads a lot more ar models, has a larger byte size page response. allocations: 	~ ms	 - ms 	one of our largest pages, fetches a lot of ar instances, does a lot of allocations, returns a very large page response. allocations: 	 - ms	 - ms fast-ish responses (and from this limited sample, actually responses with few allocations even if slow waiting on io?) are about the same. but our slowest/highest allocating actions are ~ % slower on heroku? again, i know these allocations and response times are not great even on our existing infrastructure; but why do they get so much worse on heroku? (no, there were no heroku memory errors or swapping happening). ram use of an app instance we currently deploy with passenger (free), running workers on our gb t .medium. to compare apples to apples, deployed using passenger on a heroku standard- x. just one worker instance (because that’s actually all i can fit on a standard- x!), to compare size of a single worker from one infrastructure to the other. on our legacy infrastructure, on a server that’s been up for days of production traffic, passenger-status looks something like this:   requests in queue:   * pid:   sessions:       processed:   uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: s   * pid:   sessions:       processed:   uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: s   * pid:   sessions:       processed:     uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: m   * pid:   sessions:       processed:     uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:     uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:     uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:       uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:       uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:       uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h   * pid:   sessions:       processed:       uptime: d h m s     cpu: %      memory  : m    last used: h we can see, yeah, this app is low traffic, most of those workers don’t see a lot of use. the first worker, which has handled by far the most traffic has a private rss of m. (other workers having handled fewer requests much slimmer). kind of overweight, not sure where all that ram is going, but it is what it is. i could maybe hope to barely fit workers on a heroku standard- ( m) instance, if these sizes were the same on heroku. this is after a week of production use — if i restart passenger on a staging server, and manually access some of my largest, hungriest, most-allocating pages a few times, i can only see private rss use of like mb. however, on the heroku standard- x, with one passenger worker, using the heroku log-runtime-metrics feature to look at memory… private rss is i believe what should correspond to passenger’s report, and what heroku uses for memory capacity limiting… immediately after restarting my app, it’s at sample#memory_total= . mb sample#memory_rss= . mb. after manually accessing a few of my “hungriest” actions, i see: sample#memory_total= . mb sample#memory_rss= . mb . just a few manual requests not a week of production traffic, and % more ram than on my legacy ec infrastructure after a week of production traffic. actually approaching the limits of what can fit in a standard- x ( mb) dyno as just one worker. now, is heroku’s memory measurements being done differently than passenger-status does them? possibly. it would be nice to compare apples to apples, and passenger hypothetically has a service that would let you access passenger-status results from heroku… but unfortunately i have been unable to get it to work. (ideas welcome). other variations tried on heroku trying the heroku gaffneyc/jemalloc build-pack with heroku config:set jemalloc_enabled=true (still with passenger, one worker instance) doesn’t seem to have made any significant differences, maybe % ram savings or maybe it’s a just a fluke. switching to puma (puma with the experimental possibly memory-saving features turned on; just one worker with one thread), doesn’t make any difference in response time performance (none expected), but… maybe does reduce ram usage somehow? after a few sample requests of some of my hungriest pages, i see sample#memory_total= . mb sample#memory_rss= . mb, still more than my baseline, but not drastically so. (with or without jemalloc buildpack seems to make no difference). odd. so what should i conclude? i know this app could use a fitness regime; but it performs acceptably on current infrastructure. we are exploring heroku because of staffing capacity issues, hoping to not to have to do so much ops. but if we trade ops for having to spend much time on challenging (not really suitable for junior dev) performance optimization…. that’s not what we were hoping for! but perhaps i don’t know what i’m doing, and this haphapzard anecdotal comparison is not actually data and i shoudn’t conclude much from it? let me know, ideally with advice of how to do it better? or… are there reasons to expect different performance chracteristics from heroku? might it be running on underlying aws infrastructure that has less resources than my t .medium? or, starting to make guess hypotheses, maybe the fact that heroku standard tier does not run on “dedicated” compute resources means i should expect a lot more variance compared to my own t .medium, and as a result when deploying on heroku you need to optimize more (so the worst case of variance isn’t so bad) than when running on your own ec? that’s maybe just part of what you get with heroku, unless paying for performance dynos, it is even more important to have an good performing app? (yeah, i know i could use more caching, but that of course brings it’s own complexities, i wasn’t expecting to have to add it in as part of a heroku migration). or… i find it odd that it seems like slower (or more allocating?) actions are the ones that are worse. is there any reason that memory allocations would be even more expensive on a heroku standard dyno than on my own ec t .medium? and why would the app workers seem to use so much more ram on heroku than on my own ec anyway? any feedback or ideas welcome! 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			 comments 			 									october , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			faster_s _url: optimized s url generation in ruby 			 	 		 subsequent to my previous investigation about s url generation performance, i ended up writing a gem with optimized implementations of s url generation. github: faster_s _url it has no dependencies (not even aws-sdk). it can speed up both public and presigned url generation by around an order of magnitude. in benchmarks on my macbook compared to aws-sdk-s : public urls from in ms to in ms; presigned urls from in ms to in ms (!!). while if you are only generating a couple s urls at a time you probably wouldn’t notice aws-sdk-ruby’s poor performance, if you are generating even just hundreds at a time, and especially for presigned urls, it can really make a difference. faster_s _url supports the full api for aws-sdk-s presigned urls , including custom params like response_content_disposition. it’s tests actually test that results match what aws-sdk-s would generate. for shrine users, faster_s _url includes a shrine storage sub-class that can be drop-in replacement of shrine::storage::s to just have all your s url generations via shrine be using the optimized implementation. key in giving me the confidence to think i could pull off an independent s presigned url implementation was wetransfer’s wt_s _signer gem be succesful. wt_s _signer makes some assumptions/restrictions to get even higher performance than faster_s _url (two or three times as fast) — but the restrictions/assumptions and api to get that performance weren’t suitable for use cases, so i implemented my own. 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			leave a comment 			 									october , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			delete all s key versions with ruby aws sdk v 			 	 		 if your s bucket is versioned, then deleting an object from s will leave a previous version there, as a sort of undo history. you may have a “noncurrent expiration lifecycle policy” set which will delete the old versions after so many days, but within that window, they are there. what if you were deleting something that accidentally included some kind of sensitive or confidential information, and you really want it gone? to make matters worse, if your bucket is public, the version is public too, and can be requested by an unauthenticated user that has the url including a versionid, with a url that looks something like: https://mybucket.s .amazonaws.com/path/to/someting.pdf?versionid=zyxtgv_pqatus qgbilty ekmanaywht to be fair, it would be pretty hard to “guess” this versionid! but if it’s really sensitive info, that might not be good enough. it was a bit tricky for me to figure out how to do this with the latest version of ruby sdk (as i write, “v “, googling sometimes gave old versions). it turns out you need to first retrieve a list of all versions with bucket.object_versions . with no arg, that will return all the versions in the bucket, which could be a lot to retrieve, not what you want when focused on just deleting certain things. if you wanted to delete all versions in a certain “directory”, that’s actually easiest of all: s _bucket.object_versions(prefix: "path/to/").batch_delete! but what if you want to delete all versions from a specific key? as far as i can tell, this is trickier than it should be. # danger! this may delete more than you wanted s _bucket.object_versions(prefix: "path/to/something.doc").batch_delete! because of how s “paths” (which are really just prefixes) work, that will also delete all versions for path/to/something.doc or path/to/something.docdocdoc etc, for anything else with that as a prefix. there probably aren’t keys like that in your bucket, but that seems dangerously sloppy to assume, that’s how we get super weird bugs later. i guess there’d be no better way than this? key = "path/to/something.doc" s _bucket.object_versions(prefix: key).each do |object_version| object_version.delete if object_version.object_key == key end is there anyone reading this who knows more about this than me, and can say if there’s a better way, or confirm if there isn’t? 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			leave a comment 			 									september , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			github actions tutorial for ruby ci on drifting ruby 			 	 		 i’ve been using travis for free automated testing (“continuous integration”, ci) on my open source projects for a long time. it works pretty well. but it’s got some little annoyances here and there, including with github integration, that i don’t really expect to get fixed after its acquisition by private equity. they also seem to have cut off actual support channels (other than ‘forums’) for free use; i used to get really good (if not rapid) support when having troubles, now i kinda feel on my own. so after hearing about the pretty flexible and powerful newish github actions feature, i was interested in considering that as an alternative. it looks like it should be free for public/open source projects on github. and will presumably have good integration with the rest of github and few kinks. yeah, this is an example of how a platform getting an advantage starting out by having good third-party integration can gradually come to absorb all of that functionality itself; but i just need something that works (and, well, is free for open source), i don’t want to spend a lot of time on ci, i just want it to work and get out of the way. (and github clearly introduced this feature to try to avoid being overtaken by gitlab, which had integrated flexible ci/cd). so anyway. i was interested in it, but having a lot of trouble figuring out how to set it up. github actions is a very flexible tool, a whole platform really, which you can use to set up almost any kind of automated task you want, in many different languages. which made it hard for me to figure out “okay, i just want tests to run on all pr commits, and report back to the pr if it’s mergeable”. and it was really hard to figure this out from the docs, it’s such a flexible abstract tool. and i have found it hard to find third party write-ups and tutorials and blogs and such — in part because github actions was in beta development for so long, that some of the write-ups i did find were out of date. fortunately drifting ruby has provided a great tutorial, which gets you started with a basic ruby ci testing. it looks pretty straightforward to for instance figure out how to swap in rspec for rake test. and i always find it easier to google for solutions to additional fancy things i want to do, finding results either in official docs or third-party blogs, when i have the basic skeleton in place. i hope to find time to experiment with github actions in the future. i am writing this blog post in part to log for myself the drifting ruby episode so i don’t lose it! the show summary has this super useful template: 		.github/workflows/main.yml 		name: ci 		 		on: 		 push: 		 branches: [ master, develop ] 		 pull_request: 		 branches: [ master, develop ] 		 		jobs: 		 test: 		 # services: 		 # db: 		 # image: postgres: 		 # ports: [' : '] 		 runs-on: ubuntu-latest 		 		 steps: 		 – uses: actions/checkout@v 		 – name: setup ruby 		 uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v . . 		 with: 		 ruby-version: . . 		 		 – uses: borales/actions-yarn@v . . 		 with: 		 cmd: install 		 		 – name: install dependencies 		 run: | 		 # sudo apt install -yqq libpq-dev 		 gem install bundler 		 		 – name: install gems 		 run: | 		 bundle install 		 		 – name: prepare database 		 run: | 		 bundle exec rails db:prepare 		 		 – name: run tests 		 # env: 		 # database_url: postgres://postgres:@localhost: /databasename 		 # rails_master_key: ${{secrets.rails_master_key}} 		 run: | 		 bundle exec rails test 		 		 – name: create coverage artifact 		 uses: actions/upload-artifact@v 		 with: 		 name: code-coverage 		 path: coverage/ 		 		 security: 		 runs-on: ubuntu-latest 		 steps: 		 – uses: actions/checkout@v 		 		 – name: setup ruby 		 uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v . . 		 with: 		 ruby-version: . . 		 		 – name: install brakeman 		 run: | 		 gem install brakeman 		 		 – name: run brakeman 		 run: | 		 brakeman -f json > tmp/brakeman.json || exit 		 		 – name: brakeman report 		 uses: devmasx/brakeman-linter-action@v . . 		 env: 		 report_path: tmp/brakeman.json 		 github_token: ${{secrets.github_token}} view raw github-actions-ruby-ci-example.yaml hosted with ❤ by github 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			leave a comment 			 									september , september , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			more benchmarking optimized s presigned_url generation 			 	 		 in a recent post, i explored profiling and optimizing s presigned_url generation in ruby to be much faster. in that post, i got down to using a aws::sigv ::signer instance from the aws sdk, but wondered if there was a bunch more optimization to be done within that black box. julik posted a comment on that post, letting us know that they at wetransfer have already spent some time investigating and creating an optimized s url signer, at https://github.com/wetransfer/wt_s _signer . nice! it is designed for somewhat different use cases than mine, but is still useful — and can be benchmarked against the other techniques. some things to note: 	wt_s _signer does not presently do uri escaping; it may or may not be noticeably slower if it did; it will not generate working urls if your s keys include any characters that need to be escaped in the uri 	wt_s _signer gets ultimate optimizations by having you re-use a signer object, that has a fixed/common datestamp and expiration and other times. that doesn’t necessarily fit into the apis i want to fit it into — but can we still get performance advantage by re-creating the object each time with those things? (answer, yes, although not quite as much. ) 	wt_s _signer does not let you supply additional query parameters, such as response_content_disposition or response_content_type. i actually need this feature; and need it to be different for each presigned_url created even in a batch. 	wt_s _signer’s convenience for_s _bucket constructor does do at least one network request to s … to look up the appropriate aws region i guess? that makes it far too expensive to re-use for_s _bucket convenience constructor once-per-url, but i don’t want to do this anyway, i’d rather just pass in the known region, as well as the known bucket base url, etc. fortunately the code is already factored well to give us a many-argument plain constructor where we can just pass that all in, with no network lookups triggered. 	insists on looking up aws credentials from the standard locations, there’s no way to actually pass in an access_key_id and secret_access_key explicitly, which is a problem for some use cases where an app needs to use more than one set of credentials. benchmarks so the benchmarks! this time i switched to benchmark-ips, cause, well, it’s just better. i am benchmarking url generations again. i am benchmarking re-using a single wt::s signer object for all urls, as the gem intends. but also compared to instantiating a wt::s signer for each url generation — using wt::s signer.new, not wt::s signer.for_s _bucket — the for_s _bucket version cannot be used instantiated once per url generation without crazy bad performance (i did try, although it’s not included in these benchmarks). i include all the presigned_url techniques i demo’d in the last post, but for clarity took any public url techniques out. calculating ------------------------------------- sdk presigned_url . (± . %) i/s - . in . s use inline instantiated aws::sigv ::signer directly for presigned url (with escaping) . (± . %) i/s - . in . s re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (with escaping) . (± . %) i/s - . in . s re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (without escaping) . (± . %) i/s - . in . s wt_s _signer re-used . (± . %) i/s - . in . s wt_s _signer instantiated each time . (± . %) i/s - . in . s comparison: wt_s _signer re-used: . i/s wt_s _signer instantiated each time: . i/s - . x (± . ) slower re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (without escaping): . i/s - . x (± . ) slower re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (with escaping): . i/s - . x (± . ) slower use inline instantiated aws::sigv ::signer directly for presigned url (with escaping): . i/s - . x (± . ) slower sdk presigned_url: . i/s - . x (± . ) slower wow! re-using a single wt::s signer, as the intend, is a lot lot faster than anything else — x faster than the built-in aws sdk presigned_url method! but even instantiating a new wt::s signer for each url — while significantly slower than re-use — is still significantly faster than any of the methods using an aws sdk aws::sigv ::signer directly, and still a lot lot faster than the aws sdk presigned_url method. so this has promise, even if you re-use the thing, it’s better than any other option. i may try to pr and/or fork to get some of the features i’d need in there… although the license is problematic for many projects i work on. with the benchmarking showing the value of this approach, i could also just try to reimplement from scratch based on the amazon instructions/example code that wt_s _signer itself used, and/or the ruby aws sdk implementation. 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			 comment 			 									september , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			delivery patterns for non-public resources hosted on s 			 	 		 i work at the science history institute on our digital collections app (written in rails), which is kind of a “digital asset management” app combined with a public catalog of our collection. we store many high-resolution tiff images that can be mb+ each, as well as, currently, a handful of pdfs and audio files. we have around , digital assets, which make up about . tb. in addition to originals, we have “derivatives” for each file (jpg conversions of a tiff original at various sizes; mp conversions of flac originals; etc) — around , derivatives (~ per original) taking up around gb. not a huge amount of data compared to some, but big enough to be something to deal with, and we expect it could grow by an order of magnitude in the next couple years. we store them all — originals and derivatives — in s , which generally works great. we currently store them all in public s buckets, and when we need an image thumb url for an <img src>, we embed a public s url (as opposed to pre-signed urls) right in our html source. having the user-agent get the resources directly from s is awesome, because our app doesn’t have to worry about handling that portion of the “traffic”, something s is quite good at (and there are cdn options which work seamlessly with s etc; although our traffic is currently fairly low and we aren’t using a cdn). but this approach stops working if some of your assets can not be public, and need to be access-controlled with some kind of authorization. and we are about to start hosting a class of assets that are such. another notable part of our app is that in it’s current design it can have a lot of img src thumbs on a page. maybe small thumbs (one or each scanned page of a book), each of which might use an img srcset to deliver multiple resolutions. we use javascript lazy load code so the browser doesn’t actually try to load all these img src unless they are put in viewport, but it’s still a lot of urls generated on the page, and potentially a lot of image loads. while this might be excessive and a design in ned of improvement, a × grid of postage-stamp-sized thumbs on a page (each of which could use a srcset) does not seem unreasonable, right? there can be a lot of urls on a page in an “asset management” type app, it’s how it is. as i looked around for advice on this or analysis of the various options, i didn’t find much. so, in my usual verbose style, i’m going to outline my research and analysis of the various options here. none of the options are as magically painless as using public bucket public url on s , alas. all public-read acls, public urls what we’re doing now. the s bucket is set as public, all files have s public-read acl set, and we use s “public” urls as <img src> in our app. which might look like https://my-bucket.s .us-west- .amazonaws.com/path/to/thumb.jpg . for actual downloads, we might still use an s presigned url , not for access control (the object is already public), but to specify a content-disposition response header for s to use on the fly. pro 	urls are persistent and stable and can be bookmarked, or indexed by search engines. (we really want our images in google images for visibility) and since the urls are permanent and good indefinitely, they aren’t a problem for html including these urls in source to be cached indefinitely. (as long as you don’t move your stuff around in your s buckets). 	s public urls are much cheaper to generate than the cryptographically presigned urls, so it’s less of a problem generating + of them in a page response. (and can be optimized an order of magnitude further beyond the ruby sdk implementation). 	s can scale to handle a lot of traffic, and cloudfront or another cdn can easily be used to scale further. putting a cdn on top of a public bucket is trivial. our rails app is entirely uninvolved in delivering the actual images, so we don’t need to use precious rails workers on delivering images. con 	some of our materials are still being worked on by staff, and haven’t actually been published yet. but they are still in s with a public-read acl. they have hard to guess urls that shouldn’t be referred to on any publically viewable web page — but we know that shouldn’t be relied upon for anything truly confidential. 	that has been an acceptable design so far, as none of these materials are truly confidential, even if not yet published to our site. but this is about to stop being acceptable as we include more truly confidential materials. all protected acl, redirect to presigned url this is the approach taken by rails’ activestorage does in standard setup/easy path. it assumes all resources will stored to s without public acl; a random user can’t access via s without a time-limited presigned url being supplied by the app. activestorage’s standard implementation will give you a url to your rails app itself when you ask for a url for an s -stored asset — a rails url is what might be in your <img src> urls. that rails url will redirect to a unique temporary s presigned url that allows access to the non-public resource. pro 	this pattern allows your app to decide based on current request/logged-in-user and asset, whether to grant acccess, on a case by case basis. (although it’s not clear to me where the hooks are in activestorage for this; i don’t actually use activestorage, and it’s easy enough to implement this pattern generally, with authorization logic). 	s is still delivering assets directly to your users, so scaling issues are still between s and the requestor, and your app doesn’t have to get involved. 	the urls that show up in your delivered html pages, say as <img src> or <a href> urls — are pointing your app, and are still persistent and indefinitely valid — so the html is still indefinitely cacheable by any http cache. the will redirect to a unique-per-user and temporary presigned url, but that’s not what’s in the html source. 	you can even more your images around (to different buckets/locations or entirely different services) without invalidating the cache of the html. the urls in your cached html don’t change, where they redirect to do. (this may be activestorage’s motivation for this design?) cons 	might this interfere with google images indexing? while it’s hard (for me) to predict what might effect google images indexing, my own current site’s experience seems to say its actually fine. google is willing to index an image “at” a url that actually http redirects to a presigned s url. even though on every access the redirect will be to a different url, google doesn’t seem to think this is fishy. seems to be fine. 	makes figuring out how to put a cdn in the mix more of a chore, you can’t just put it in front of your s , as you only want to cdn/cache public urls, but may need to use more sophisticated cdn features or setup or choices. 	the asset responses themselves, at presigned urls, are not cacheable by an http cache, either browser caching or intermediate. (or at least not for more than a week, the maximum expiry of presigned urls). 	this is the big one. let’s say you have <img src> thumbnails on a page, and use this method. every browser page load will result in an additional requests to your app. this potentially requires you to scale your app much larger to handle the same amount of actual page requests, because your actual page requests are now (eg) x. 	this has been reported as an actual problem by rails activestorage users. an app can suddenly handle far less traffic because it’s spending so much time doing all these redirects. 	therefore, activestorage users/developers then tried to figure out how to get activestorage to instead use the “all public-read acls, public urls delivered directly” model we listed above. it is now possible to do that with activestorage (some answers in that stackoverflow), which is great, because it’s a great model when all your assets can be publicly available… but that was already easy enough to do without as, we’re here cause that’s not my situation and i need something else!. 	on another platform that isn’t rails, the performance concerns might be less, but rails can be, well, slow here. in my app, a response that does nothing but redirect to https://example.com can still take ms to return! i think an out-of-the-box rails app would be a bit faster, i’m not sure what is making mine so slow. but even at ms, an extra (eg) x ms == ms of worker time for every page delivery is a price to pay. 	in my app where many pages may actually have not but + thumbs on them… this is can be really bad. even if js lazy-loading is used, it just seems like asking for trouble. all protected acl, proxy to presigned url okay, just like above, but the app action, instead of redireting to s …. actually reads the bytes from s on the back-end, and delivers them to to the user-agent directly, as a sort of proxy. the pros/cons are pretty similar to redirect solution, but mostly with a lot of extra cons…. extra pro 	i guess it’s an extra pro that the fact it’s on s is completely invisible to the user-agent, so it can’t possibly mess up google images indexing or anything like that. extra cons 	if you were worried about the scaling implications of tying up extra app workers with the redirect solution, this is so much worse, as app workers are now tied up for as long as it takes to proxy all those bytes from s (hopefully the nginx or passenger you have in front of your web app means you aren’t worried about slow clients, but that byte shuffling from s will still add up). 	for very large assets, such as i have, this is likely incompatible with a heroku deploy, because of heroku’s s request timeout. one reason i mention this option, is i believe it is basically what a hyrax app (some shared code used in our business domain) does. hyrax isn’t necessarily using s , but i believe does have the rails app involved in proxying and delivering bytes for all files (including derivatives), including for <img src>. so that approach is working for them well enough, so maybe shouldn’t be totally dismissed. but it doesn’t seem right to me — i really liked the much better scaling curve of our app when we moved it away from sufia (a hyrax precedessor), and got it to stop proxying bytes like this. plus i think this is probably a barrier to deploying hyrax apps to heroku, and we are interested in investigating heroku with our app. all protected acl, have nginx proxy to presigned url? ok, like the above “proxy” solution, but with a twist. a rails app is not the right technology for proxying lots of bytes. but nginx is, that’s honestly it’s core use case, it’s literally built for a proxy use case, right? it should be able to handle lots of em concurrently with reasonable cpu/memory resources. if we can get nginx doing the proxying, we don’t need to worry about tying up rails workers doing it. i got really excited about this for a second… but it’s kind of a confusing mess. what urls are we actually delivering in <img src> in html source? if they are rails app urls, that will then trigger an nginx proxy using something like nginx x-accel but for to a remote (presigned s ) url instead of a local file, we have all the same downsides as the redirect option above, without any real additional benefit (unless you really want to hide that it’s from s ). if instead we want to embed urls in the html source that will end up being handled directly by nginx without touching the rails app… it’s just really confusing to figure out how to set nginx up to proxy non-public content from s . nginx has to be creating signed requests… but we also want to access-control it somehow, it should only be creating these when the app has given it permission on a per-request basis… there are a variety of of nginx third party modules that look like maybe could be useful to put this together, some more maintained/documented than others… and it just gets really confusing. plus if you want to depoy to heroku (which we are considering), this nginx still couldn’t be running on heroku, cause of that s limit, it would have to be running on your own non-heroku host somewhere. i think if i were a larger commercial company with a product involving lots and lots of user-submitted images that i needed to access control and wanted to store on s …. i might do some more investigation down this path. but for my use case… i think this is just too complicated for us to maintain, if it can be made to work at all. all protected acl, put presigned urls in html source protect all your s assets with non-public acls, so they can only be accessed after your app decides the requester has privileges to see it, via a presigned url. but instead of using a redirect or proxy, just generate presigend urls and use them directly in <img src> for thumbs or or <a href> for downloads etc. pro 	we can control access at the app level 	no extra requests for redirects or proxies, we aren’t requiring our app to have a lot more resources to handle an additional request per image thumb loaded. 	simple. con 	html source now includes limited-time-expiring urls in <img src> etc, so can’t be cached indefinitely, even for public pages. (although can be cached for up to a week, the maximum expiry of s presigned urls, which might be good enough). 	presigned s urls are really expensive to generate. it’s actually infeasible to include hundreds of them on a page, can take almost ms per url generated. this can be optimized somewhat with custom code, but still really expensive. this is the main blocker here i think, for what otherwise might be “simplest thing that will work”. different s acls for different resources ok, so the “public bucket” approach i am using now will work fine for most of my assets. it is a minority that actually need to be access controlled. while “access them all with presigned urls so the app is the one deciding if a given request gets access” has a certain software engineering consistency appeal — the performance and convennience advantages of public_read s acl are maybe too great to give up when %+ of my assets work fine with it. really, this whole long post is probably to convince myself that this needs to be done, because it seems like such a complicated mess… but it is, i think the lesser evil. what makes this hard is that the management interface needs to let a manager change the public-readability status of an asset. and each of my assets might have derivatives, so that’s files to change, which can’t be done instantaneously if you wait for s to confirm, which probably means a background job. and you open yourself up to making a mistake and having a resource in the wrong state. it might make sense to have an architecture that minimizes the number of times state has to be changed. all of our assets start out in a non-published draft state, then are later published; but for most of our resources destined for publication, it’s okay if they have public_read acl in ‘draft’ state. maybe there’s another flag for whether to really protect/restrict access securely, that can be set on ingest/creation only for the minority of assets that need it? so only needs to be changed if am mistake were made, or decision changed? changing “access state” on s could be done by one of two methods. you could have everything in the same bucket, and actually change the s acl. or you could have two separate buckets, one for public files and one for securely protected files. then, changing the ‘state’ requires a move (copy then delete) of the file from one bucket to another. while the copy approach seems more painful, it has a lot of advantages: you can easily see if an object has the ‘right’ permissions by just seeing what bucket it is in (while using s ’s “block public access” features on the non-public bucket), making it easier to audit manually or automatically; and you can slap a cdn on top of the “public” bucket just as simply as ever, rather than having mixed public/nonpublic content in the same bucket. pro 	the majority of our files that don’t need to be secured can still benefit from the convenience and performance advantages of public_read acl. 	including can still use a straightforward cdn on top of bucket bucket, and http cache-forever these files too. 	including no major additional load put on our app for serving the majority of assets that are public con 	additional complexity for app. it has to manage putting files in two different buckets with different acls, and generating urls to the two classes differently. 	opportunity for bugs where an asset is in the ‘wrong’ bucket/acl. probably need a regular automated audit of some kind — making sure you didn’t leave behind a file in ‘public’ bucket that isn’t actually pointed to by the app is a pain to audit. 	it is expensive to switch the access state of an asset. a book with pages each with derivatives, is over k files that need to have their acls changed and/or copied to another bucket if the visibility status changes. 	if we try to minimize need to change acl state, by leaving files destined to be public with public_read even before publication and having separate state for “really secure on s ” — this is a more confusing mental model for staff asset managers, with more opportunity for human error. should think carefully of how this is exposed in staff ui. 	for protected things on s , you still need to use one of the above methods of giving users access, if any users are to be given access after an auth check. i don’t love this solution, but this post is a bunch of words to basically convince myself that it is the lesser evil nonetheless. 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			leave a comment 			 									august , august , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			speeding up s url generation in ruby 			 	 		 it looks like the aws sdk is very slow at generating s urls, both public and presigned, and that you can generate around an order of magnitude faster in both cases. this can matter if you are generating hundreds of s urls at once. my app the app i work is a “digital collections” or “digital asset management” app. it is about displaing lists of files, so it displays a lot of thumbnails. the thumbnails are all stored in s , and at present we generate urls directly to s in src‘s on page. some of our pages can have thumbnails. (say, a digitized medieval manuscript with pages). also, we use srcset to offer the browser two resolutions for each images, so that’s urls. is this excessive, should we not put urls on a page? maybe, although it’s what our app does at present. but thumbnails on a page does not seem excessive; imagine a × grid of postage-stamp-sized thumbs, why not? and they each could have multiple urls in a srcset. it turns out that s url generation can be slow enough to be a bottleneck with generations in a page, or in some cases even . but it can be optimized. on benchmarking it’s hard to do benchmarking in a reliable way. i just used benchmark.bmbm here; it is notable that on different runs of my comparisons, i could see results differ by - %. but this should be sufficient for relative comparisons and basic orders of magnitude. exact numbers will of course differ on different hardware/platform anyway. (benchmark-ips might possibly be a way to get somewhat more reliable results, but i didn’t remember it until i was well into this. there may be other options?). i ran benchmarks on my macbook . ghz dual-core intel core i . i’m used to my macbook being faster than our deployed app on an ec instance, but in this case running benchmarks on ec had very similar results. (of course, ec instance cpu performance can be quite variable). public s urls a public s url might look like https://bucket_name.s .amazonaws.com/path/to/my/object.rb . or it might have a custom domain name, possibly to a cdn. pretty simple, right? using shrine, you might generate it like model.image_url(public_true). which calls aws::s ::object#public_url . other dependencies or your own code might call the aws sdk method as well. i had noticed in earlier profiling that generating s urls seemed to be taking much longer than i expected, looking like a bottleneck for my app. we use shrine, but shrine doesn’t add much overhead here, it’s pretty much just calling out to the aws sdk public_url or presigned_url methods. it seems like generating these urls should be very simple, right? here’s a “naive” implementation based on a shrine uploadedfile argument. obviously it would be easy to use a custom or cdn hostname in this implementation alternately. 		def naive_public_url(shrine_file) 		 "https://#{["#{shrine_file.storage.bucket.name}.s .amazonaws.com", *shrine_file.storage.prefix, shrine_file.id].join('/')}" 		end 		 		naive_public_url(model.image) 		#=> "https://somebucket.s .amazonaws.com/path/to/image.jpg&quot; view raw naive_s .rb hosted with ❤ by github benchmark generating urls with naive implementation vs a straight call of s aws sdk public_url… 		original aws sdk public_url implementation . . . ( . ) 		naive implementation . . . ( . ) view raw gistfile .txt hosted with ❤ by github ms vs ms, it’s an order of magnitude slower indeed. ms is not peanuts when you are trying to keep a web response under ms, although it may not be terrible. but let’s see if we can figure out why it’s so slow anyway. examining with ruby-prof points to what we could see in the basic implementation in aws sdk source code, no need to dig down the stack. the most expensive elements are the uri.parse and the uri-safe escaping. are we missing anything from our naive implementation then? well, the uri.parse is just done to make sure we are operating only on the path portion of the url. but i can’t figure out any way bucket.url would return anything but a hostname-only url with an empty path anyway, all the examples in docs are such. maybe it could somehow include a path, but i can’t figure out any way the url being parsed would have a ? query component or # fragment, and without that it’s safe to just append things without a parse. (even without that assumption, there will be faster ways than a parse, which is quite slow!) also just calling bucket.url is a bit expensive, and can deal with some live arn: lookups we won’t be using. uri escaping, the pit of confusing alternatives what about escaping? escaping can be such a confusing topic with s , with different libraries at different times handling it different/wrong, then it would be sane to just never use any characters in an s key that need any escaping, maybe put some validation on your setters to ensure this. and then you don’t need to take the performance hit of escaping. but okay, maybe we really need/want escaping to ensure any valid s key is turned into a valid s url. can we do escaping more efficiently? the original implementation splits the path on / and then runs each component through the sdk’s own seahorse::util.uri_escape(s). that method’s implementation uses cgi.escape, but then does two gsub‘s to alter the value somewhat, not being happy with cgi.escape. those extra gsubs are more performance hit. i think we can use erb::util.url_encode instead of cgi.escape + gsubs to get the same behavior, which might get us some speed-up. but we also seem to be escaping more than is necessary. for instance it will escape any ! in a key to % , and it turns out this isn’t at all necessary, the url resolve quite fine without escaping this. if we escape only what is needed, can we go even faster? i think what we actually need is what uri.escape does — and since uri.escape doesn’t escape /, we don’t need to split on / first, saving us even more time. annoyingly, uri.escape is marked obsolete/deprecated! but it’s stdlib implementation is relatively simple pure ruby, it would be easy enough to copy it into our codebase. even faster? the somewhat maintenance-neglected but still working at present escape_utils gem has a c implementation of some escaping routines. it’s hard when many implementations aren’t clear on exactly what they are escaping, but i think the escape_uri (note i on the end not l) is doing the same thing as uri.escape. alas, there seems to be no escape_utils implementation that corresponds to cgi.escape or erb::util.url_encode. so now we have a bunch of possibilities, depending on if we are willing to change escaping semantics and/or use our naive implementation of hostname-supplying. 	original aws sdk public_url		 % 	optimized aws sdk public_url	avoid the uri.parse, use erb::util.url_encode. should be functionally identical, same output, i think!	 % 	naive implementation	no escaping of s key for url at all	 . % 	naive + erb::util.url_encode	should be functionally identical escaping to original implementation, ie over-escaping	 % 	naive + uri.escape	we think is sufficient escaping, can be done much faster	 % 	naive + escapeutils.escape_uri	we think is identical to uri.escape but faster c implementation	 % we have a bunch of opportunities for much faster implementations, even with existing over-escaping implementation. here’s the file i used to benchmark. presigned s urls a presigned url is used to give access to non-public content, and/or to specify response headeres you’d like s to include with response, such as content-disposition. presigned s urls all have an expiration (max one week), and involve a cryptographic signature. i expect most people are using the aws sdk for these, rather than reinvent an implementation of the cryptographic signing protocol. and we’d certainly expect these to be slower than public urls, because of the crypto signature involved. but can they do be optimized? it looks like yes, at least about an order of magnitude again. benchmarking with aws sdk presigned_url, url generations can take around - ms. wow, that’s a lot — this is definitely enough to matter, especially in a web app response you’d like to keep under ms, and this is likely to be a bottleneck. we do expect the signing to take longer than a public url, but can we do better? look at what the sdk is doing, re-implement a quicker path the presigned_url method just instantiates and calls out to an aws::s ::presigner. first idea, what if we create a single aws::s ::presigner, and re-use it times, instead of instantiating it times, passing it the same args #presigned_url would? tried that, it was only minor performance improvement. ok, let’s look at the aws:s ::presigner implementation. it’s got kind of a convoluted way of getting a url, building a seahorse::client::request, and then doing something weird with it…. maybe modifying it to not actually go to the network, but just act as if it had… returning headers and a signed url, and then we throw out the headers and just use the signed url…. phew! ultimately though it does the actual signing work with another object, an aws::sigv :signer. what if we just instantiate one of these ourselves, instantiate it the same arguments the presigner would have for our use cases, and then call presign_url on it with the same args the presigner would have. let’s re-use a signer object times instead of instantiating it each time, in case that matters. we still need to create the public_url in order to sign it. let’s use our replacement naive implementation with uri.escape escaping. 		aws_sig _signer = aws::sigv ::signer.new( 		 service: 's ', 		 region: aws_client.config.region, 		 credentials_provider: some_aws_client.config.credentials, 		 unsigned_headers: aws::s ::presigner::blacklisted_headers, 		 uri_escape_path: false 		) 		 		def naive_with_uri_escape_escaping(shrine_file) 		 # because uri.escape does not escape `/`, we don't need to split it, 		 # which is what actually saves us the time. 		 path = uri.escape(shrine_file.id) 		 		 "https://#{["#{shrine_file.storage.bucket.name}.s .amazonaws.com", *shrine_file.storage.prefix, shrine_file.id].join('/')}" 		end 		 		 		# not yet handling custom query params eg for content-disposition 		def direct_aws_sig _signer(url) 		 aws_sig _signer.presign_url( 		 http_method: "get", 		 url: url, 		 headers: {}, 		 body_digest: 'unsigned-payload', 		 expires_in: , # seconds 		 time: nil 		 ).to_s 		end 		 		direct_aws_sig _signer( naive_with_uri_escape_escaping( shrine_uploaded_file ) ) 		# => presigned s url view raw optimized_presigned_s .rb hosted with ❤ by github yes, it’s much faster! bingo! now i measure urls in - ms, around % of the time. still too slow to want to do of them on a single page, and around x slower than sdk public_url. interestingly, while we expect the cryptographic signature to take some extra time… that seems to be at most % of the overhead that the logic to sign a url was adding? we experimented with re-using an aws::sigv ::signer vs instantiating one each time; and applying uri-escaping or not. these did make noticeable differences, but not astounding ones. this optimized version would have to be enhanced to be able to handle additional query param options such as specified content-disposition, i optimistically hope that can be done without changing the performance characteristics much. could it be optimized even more, by profiling within the aws::sigv ::signer implementation? maybe, but it doesn’t really seem worth it — we are already introducing some fragility into our code by using lower-level apis and hoping they will remain valid even if aws changes some things in the future. i don’t really want to re-implement aws::sigv ::signer, just glad to have it available as a tool i can use like this already. the numbers the script i used to compare performance in different ways of creating presigned s urls (with a couple public urls for comparison) is available in a gist, and here is the output of one run: 		 user system total real 		sdk public_url . . . ( . ) 		naive s public url . . . ( . ) 		naive s public url with uri.escape . . . ( . ) 		sdk presigned_url . . . ( . ) 		re-use instantiated sdk presigner . . . ( . ) 		use inline instantiated aws::sigv ::signer directly for presigned url (with escaping) . . . ( . ) 		re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (with escaping) . . . ( . ) 		re-use aws::sigv ::signer for presigned url (without escaping) . . . ( . ) view raw gistfile .txt hosted with ❤ by github so what to do? possibly there are optimizations that would make sense in the aws sdk gem itself? but it would actually take a lot more work to be sure what can be done without breaking some use cases. i think there is no need to use uri.parse in public_url, the uris can just be treated as strings and concatenated. but is there an edge case i’m missing? using different uri escaping method definitely helps in public_url; but how many other people who aren’t me care about optimizing public_url; and what escaping method is actually required/expected, is changing it a backwards compat problem; and is it okay maintenance-wise to make the s object use a different escaping mechanism than the common sdk seahorse::util.uri_escape workhorse, which might be used in places with different escaping requirements? for presigned_urls, cutting out a lot of the wrapper code and using a aws::sigv ::signer directly seems to have significant performance benefits, but what edge cases get broken there, and do they matter, and can a regression be avoided through alternate performant maintainable code? figuring this all out would take a lot more research (and figuring out how to use the test suite for the ruby sdk more facilely than i can write now; it’s a test suite for the whole sdk, and it’s a bear to run the whole thing). although if any amazon maintainers of the ruby sdk, or other experts in it’s internals, see this and have an opinion, i am curious as to their thoughts. but i am a lot more confident that some of these optimizations will work fine for my use cases. one of the benefits of using shrine is that all of my code already accesses s url generation via shrine api. so i could easily swap in a locally optimized version, either with a shrine plugin, or just a local sub-class of the shrine s storage class. so i may consider doing that. 	 	 		 				 			 				jrochkind			 							 					general				 			 			 comments 			 									august , august , 							 					 		 			 			 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 		 		 	 	bibliographic wilderness is a blog by jonathan rochkind about digital library services, ruby, and web development. contact 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 email subscription 			 									enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. 						 							 							join other followers							 						 											 						 							email address:						 											 				 				 					 	 subscribe 			 		 		recent posts 			 					are you talking to heroku redis in cleartext or ssl? 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(optional) 			 			post to 			 			 				cancel 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 					 		 	 	 		 		privacy & cookies: this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. to find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: 				 			cookie policy		 				 		 wikidata for authorities | zbw labs jump to navigation 	english 	deutsch main menu 	news 	about us wikidata for authorities this project explores the opportunities, which wikidata provides for libraries (specifically in economics). by linking their authority files to wikidata, they can earn a wealth of data as well as links to wikipedia pages, images and links to other authorities. project details 	name: 	 wikidata for authorities   	short description: 	 use of wikidata, particularly by linking of library authority files   	git repository: 	 https://github.com/zbw/sparql-queries/tree/master/wikidata 	developer: 	 joachim neubert   	categories: 	 wikidata   authority control   linked data   	created: 	 -   	project status: 	 experimental   tags in dbpedia - web taxonomy your browser does not support canvas. 	application programming interface 	authority control 	drupal 	economics 	electronic publishing 	impact factor 	linked data 	organizer 	recommender system 	repository (publishing) 	thesaurus 	wikidata search form search (rdf/xml, turtle, nt)   imprint   privacy powered by drupal building the swib participants map | zbw labs jump to navigation 	english 	deutsch hauptmenü 	news 	Über uns building the swib participants map - - von joachim neubert   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. 	 we started with a list of institution names (with country code and city, but without person ids), extracted and transformed from our conftool registration system, saved it in csv format. country names were normalized, cities were not (and only used for context information). 	 we created an openrefine project, and reconciled the institution name column with wikidata items of type q (organization, and all its subtypes). we included the country column (-> p , country) as relevant other detail, and let openrefine “auto-match candidates with high confidence”. of our original set of country/institution entries, were automaticaly matched via the wikidata reconciliation service. at the end of the conference, institutions were identified and put on the map (data set). 	 we went through all un-matched entries and either a) selected one of the suggested items, or b) looked up and tweaked the name string in wikidata, or in google, until we found an according wikipedia page, openend the linked wikidata object from there, and inserted the qid in openrefine, or c) created a new wikidata item (if the institution seemed notable), or d) attached “not yet determined” (q ) where no wikidata item (yet) exists, or e) attached “undefined value” (q ) where no institution had been given 	 the results were exported from openrefine into a .tsv file (settings) 	again via a script, we loaded conftool participants data, built a lookup table from all available openrefine results (country/name string -> wd item qid), aggregated participant counts per qid, and loaded that data into a custom sparql endpoint, which is accessible from the wikidata query service. as in step , for all (new) institution name strings, which were not yet mapped to wikidata, a .csv file was produced. (an additional remark: if no approved custom sparql endpoint is available, it is feasible to generate a static query with all data in it’s “values” clause.) 	 during the preparation of the conference, more and more participants registered, which required multiple loops: use the csv file of step and re-iterate, starting at step . (since i found no straightforward way to update an existing openrefine project with extended data, i created a new project with new input and output files for every iteration.) 	 finally, to display the map we could run a federated query on wdqs. it fetches the institution items from the custom endpoint and enriches them from wikidata with name, logo and image of the institution (if present), as well as with geographic coordinates, obtained directly or indirectly as follows: a) item has “coodinate location” (p ) itself, or b) item has “headquarters location” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “located in administrative entity” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “country” item (p /p ) applying this method, only one institution item could not be located on the map. data improvements the way to improve the map was to improve the data about the items in wikidata - which also helps all future wikidata users. new items for a few institutions, new items were created: 	burundi association of librarians, archivists and documentalists 	fao representation in kenya 	aurora information technology 	istituto di informatica giuridica e sistemi giudiziari for another institutions, mostly private companies, no items were created due to notability concerns. everything else already had an item in wikidata! improvement of existing items in order to improve the display on the map, we enhanced selected items in wikidata in various ways: 	add english label 	add type (instance of) 	add headquarter location 	add image and/or logo and we hope, that participants of the conference also took the opportunity to make their institution “look better”, by adding for example an image of it to the wikidata knowledge base. putting wikidata into use for a completely custom purpose thus created incentives for improving “the sum of all human knowledge” step by tiny step.       wikidata for authorities linked data   	zum verfassen von kommentaren bitte anmelden oder registrieren. tags in dbpedia - web taxonomy your browser does not support canvas. 	application programming interface 	authority control 	drupal 	economics 	electronic publishing 	impact factor 	linked data 	organizer 	recommender system 	repository (publishing) 	thesaurus 	wikidata suchformular suche (rdf/xml, turtle, nt)   impressum   datenschutz powered by drupal in the library with the lead pipe – an open access, peer reviewed journal 		 		 				 			 				 					 						skip to main content 						 					 				 				 					 						chat .webcam					 				 				 			 		 		 		 		 			 				 				 					 											 					open menu	home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 				 				 					home 	about 	awards & good words 	contact 	editorial board 		denisse solis 	ian beilin 	jaena rae cabrera 	kellee warren 	nicole cooke 	ryan randall 	emeritus 	announcements 	authors 	archives 	conduct 	submission guidelines 	lead pipe publication process 	style guide 	search 	 		 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 		 		 			 				 					 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					dec 					 				 				 					craig arthur, freddy paige, la' portia perkins, jasmine weiss and michael williams					/ comments 				 											culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			by craig e. arthur, dr. freddy paige, la’ portia perkins, jasmine weiss, and dr. michael williams (good homie signs’ “hip hop @ vt” mural / ) in brief vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech is an award-winning series of experiential learning-focused, culturally responsive community engagement programs. it is deeply rooted in hip hop culture and... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					oct 					 				 				 					jeremiah paschke-wood, ellen dubinsky and leslie sult					/ comments 				 											creating a student-centered alternative to research guides: developing the infrastructure to support novice learners 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief: research and course guides typically feature long lists of resources without the contextual or instructional framework to direct novice researchers through the research process. an investigation of guide usage and user interactions at a large university in the southwestern u.s. revealed a need to reexamine the way research guides can be developed and... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					sep 					 				 				 					danya leebaw and alexis logsdon					/ comment 				 											power and status (and lack thereof) in academe: academic freedom and academic librarians 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief academic librarians do not experience full academic freedom protections, despite the fact that they are expected to exercise independent judgment, be civically engaged, and practice applied scholarship. academic freedom for academic librarians is not widely studied or well understood. to learn more, we conducted a survey which received over responses from academic... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					sep 					 				 				 					jennie rose halperin					/ comment 				 											the library commons: an imagination and an invocation 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			by jennie rose halperin in brief commons theory can provide important interventions within neoliberal managerial information capitalism when applied to the library as an institution. the commons and its associated practices provide a model of abundance, sharing, and cooperation. libraries can and should participate in alternative economic and management models to create an inclusive vision... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					aug 					 				 				 					dave ellenwood					/ comment 				 											“information has value”: the political economy of information capitalism 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief information capitalism dominates the production and flow of information across the globe. it produces massive information institutions that are as harmful to everyday people as they are powerful. to this point, information literacy (il) educators do not have a theory and pedagogy of information capitalism. this article appraises the current state of political... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					jul 					 				 				 					liz vine					/ comments 				 											training matters: student employment and learning in academic libraries 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief conceiving of student employment in academic libraries as an educationally purposeful experience requires adopting a learner-centered pedagogical approach to student employee job training. adopting such an approach is triply beneficial: it makes that job training more effective; it identifies training as an opportunity to pursue learning goals that support the growth of students... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					jun 					 				 				 					natalia fernández and beth filar williams					/ comment 				 											creating a library wide culture and environment to support mlis students of color: the diversity scholars program at oregon state university libraries 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief the work of social justice, equity, and inclusion is not a short-term investment by a limited number of people; instead, it should be a part of every library’s and librarian’s work. at the oregon state university libraries (osul), we felt that in order to create a program dedicated to employing mlis students of... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					jun 					 				 				 					nicola andrews					/ comments 				 											it’s not imposter syndrome: resisting self-doubt as normal for library workers 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief library workers, as with other professions, are quick to diagnose ourselves and others with imposter syndrome when we doubt or devalue our everyday work.  however, methods of coping with imposter syndrome have changed little in the forty years since the term was first theorized, and often centre on feel-good fixes which do not... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					apr 					 				 				 					ean henninger					/ comments 				 											multilingualism, neoliberalism, and language ideologies in libraries 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in briefthis article calls for a more holistic and inclusive approach to the under-examined issue of language in libraries. it begins by foregrounding language as a category of difference and arguing for its consideration in discussions of access, equity, diversity, and inclusion. by drawing on literature from applied linguistics and library and information studies, it... read more 			 					 	 	 				 		 		 			 				 					 					apr 					 				 				 					frederick carey					/ comments 				 											communicating with information: creating inclusive learning environments for students with asd 								 					 				 				 			 			 		 			in brief the focus of this article is twofold: it ) considers how digital humanities techniques and methodologies increase accessibility and scholarship opportunities for students with autism spectrum disorder; and ) outlines how libraries can collaborate with existing services to provide subsequently appropriate supports for students. autism spectrum disorder (asd), one of the increasingly prevalent... read more 			 					 	 … next › 				 				 				 			 			 			 		 				 	 				 		 	 		 	 		 				 			 				 										 this work is licensed under a cc attribution . license. issn - 				 										about this journal | archives | submissions | conduct 				 			 		 				 	 	 linked data | zbw labs jump to navigation 	english 	deutsch main menu 	news 	about us linked data dbpedia uri:  http://dbpedia.org/resource/linked_data building the swib participants map - - by joachim neubert   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. wikidata for authorities linked data   	read more about building the swib participants map 	log in or register to post comments th century press archives: data donation to wikidata - - by joachim neubert zbw is donating a large open dataset from the th century press archives to wikidata, in order to make it better accessible to various scientific disciplines such as contemporary, economic and business history, media and information science, to journalists, teachers, students, and the general public. the th century press archives (pm ) is a large public newspaper clippings archive, extracted from more than different sources published in germany and all over the world, covering roughly a full century ( - ). the clippings are organized in thematic folders about persons, companies and institutions, general subjects, and wares. during a project originally funded by the german research foundation (dfg), the material up to has been digitized. , folders with more than two million pages up to are freely accessible online.  the fine-grained thematic access and the public nature of the archives makes it to our best knowledge unique across the world (more information on wikipedia) and an essential research data fund for some of the disciplines mentioned above. the data donation does not only mean that zbw has assigned a cc license to all pm metadata, which makes it compatible with wikidata. (due to intellectual property rights, only the metadata can be licensed by zbw - all legal rights on the press articles themselves remain with their original creators.) the donation also includes investing a substantial amount of working time (during, as planned, two years) devoted to the integration of this data into wikidata. here we want to share our experiences regarding the integration of the persons archive metadata. linked data   open data   	read more about th century press archives: data donation to wikidata 	log in or register to post comments zbw's contribution to "coding da vinci": dossiers about persons and companies from th century press archives - - by joachim neubert at th and th of october, the kick-off for the "kultur-hackathon" coding da vinci is held in mainz, germany, organized this time by glam institutions from the rhein-main area: "for five weeks, devoted fans of culture and hacking alike will prototype, code and design to make open cultural data come alive." new software applications are enabled by free and open data. for the first time, zbw is among the data providers. it contributes the person and company dossiers of the th century press archive. for about a hundred years, the predecessor organizations of zbw in kiel and hamburg had collected press clippings, business reports and other material about a wide range of political, economic and social topics, about persons, organizations, wares, events and general subjects. during a project funded by the german research organization (dfg), the documents published up to (about , million pages) had been digitized and are made publicly accessible with according metadata, until recently solely in the "pressemappe . jahrhundert" (pm ) web application. additionally, the dossiers - for example about mahatma gandhi or the hamburg-bremer afrika linie - can be loaded into a web viewer. as a first step to open up this unique source of data for various communities, zbw has decided to put the complete pm metadata* under a cc-zero license, which allows free reuse in all contexts. for our coding da vinci contribution, we have prepared all person and company dossiers which already contain documents. the dossiers are interlinked among each other. controlled vocabularies (for, e.g., "country", or "field of activity") provide multi-dimensional access to the data. most of the persons and a good share of organizations were linked to gnd identifiers. as a starter, we had mapped dossiers to wikidata according to existing gnd ids. that allows to run queries for pm dossiers completely on wikidata, making use of all the good stuff there. an example query shows the birth places of pm economists on a map, enriched with images from wikimedia commons. the initial mapping was much extended by fantastic semi-automatic and manual mapping efforts by the wikidata community. so currently more than % of the dossiers about - often rather prominent - pm persons are linked not only to wikidata, but also connected to wikipedia pages. that offers great opportunities for mash-ups to further data sources, and we are looking forward to what the "coding da vinci" crowd may make out of these opportunities. technically, the data has been converted from an internal intermediate format to still quite experimental rdf and loaded into a sparql endpoint. there it was enriched with data from wikidata and extracted with a construct query. we have decided to transform it to json-ld for publication (following practices recommended by our hbz colleagues). so developers can use the data as "plain old json", with the plethora of web tools available for this, while linked data enthusiasts can utilize sophisticated semantic web tools by applying the provided json-ld context. in order to make the dataset discoverable and reusable for future research, we published it persistently at zenodo.org. with it, we provide examples and data documentation. a github repository gives you additional code examples and a way to address issues and suggestions. * for the scanned documents, the legal regulations apply - zbw cannot assign licenses here.   pressemappe . jahrhundert linked data   	read more about zbw's contribution to "coding da vinci": dossiers about persons and companies from th century press archives 	log in or register to post comments new version of multi-lingual jel classification published in lod - - by joachim neubert the journal of economic literature classification scheme (jel) was created and is maintained by the american economic association. the aea provides this widely used resource freely for scholarly purposes. thanks to andré davids (ku leuven), who has translated the originally english-only labels of the classification to french, spanish and german, we provide a multi-lingual version of jel. it's lastest version (as of - ) is published in the formats rdfa and rdf download files. these formats and translations are provided "as is" and are not authorized by aea. in order to make changes in jel tracable more easily, we have created lists of inserted and removed jel classes in the context of the skos-history project. jel klassifikation für linked open data skos-history linked data   	read more about new version of multi-lingual jel classification published in lod 	log in or register to post comments economists in wikidata: opportunities of authority linking - - by joachim neubert wikidata is a large database, which connects all of the roughly wikipedia projects. besides interlinking all wikipedia pages in different languages about a specific item – e.g., a person -, it also connects to more than different sources of authority information. the linking is achieved by a „authority control“ class of wikidata properties. the values of these properties are identifiers, which unambiguously identify the wikidata item in external, web-accessible databases. the property definitions includes an uri pattern (called „formatter url“). when the identifier value is inserted into the uri pattern, the resulting uri can be used to look up the authoritiy entry. the resulting uri may point to a linked data resource - as it is the case with the gnd id property. this, on the one hand, provides a light-weight and robust mechanism to create links in the web of data. on the other hand, these links can be exploited by every application which is driven by one of the authorities to provide additional data: links to wikipedia pages in multiple languages, images, life data, nationality and affiliations of the according persons, and much more. wikidata item for the indian economist bina agarwal, visualized via the sqid browser wikidata for authorities wikidata   authority control   linked data   	read more about economists in wikidata: opportunities of authority linking 	log in or register to post comments wikidata for authorities this project explores the opportunities, which wikidata provides for libraries (specifically in economics). by linking their authority files to wikidata, they can earn a wealth of data as well as links to wikipedia pages, images and links to other authorities. 	read more about wikidata for authorities update: neuer dump des econstor lod-datensets steht zur verfügung - - by timo borst we are happy to announce that we have updated our econstor lod dump. this dataset now comprises k metadata records provided with semantic web uris and partially linked to external datasets like stw and jel. econstor lod linked data   repository (publishing)   economics   	read more about update: neuer dump des econstor lod-datensets steht zur verfügung 	log in or register to post comments turning the gnd subject headings into a skos thesaurus: an experiment - - by joachim neubert the "integrated authority file" (gemeinsame normdatei, gnd) of the german national library (dnb), the library networks of the german-speaking countries and many other institutions, is a widely recognized and used authority resource. the authority file comprises persons, institutions, locations and other entity types, in particular subject headings. with more than , concepts, organized in almost subject categories, the subjects part - the former "schlagwortnormdatei" (swd) - is huge. that would make it a nice resource to stress-test skos tools - when it would be available in skos. a seminar at the dnb on requirements for thesauri on the semantic web (slides, in german) provided another reason for the experiment described below. gnd subject headings as skos thesaurus linked data   thesaurus   	read more about turning the gnd subject headings into a skos thesaurus: an experiment 	log in or register to post comments gnd subject headings as skos thesaurus the transformation of the subject headings and subject categories of the german integrated authority file (gnd)  to skos creates a large and interlinked knowledge organization system. generic skos tools, such as skosmos, qskos and skos-history can be applied to this system. 	read more about gnd subject headings as skos thesaurus skos-history: new method for change tracking applied to stw thesaurus for economics - - by joachim neubert “what’s new?” and “what has changed?” are questions users of knowledge organization systems (kos), such as thesauri or classifications, ask when a new version is published. much more so, when a thesaurus existing since the s has been completely revised, subject area for subject area. after four intermediately published versions in as many consecutive years, zbw's stw thesaurus for economics has been re-launched recently in version . . in total, descriptors have been added; , (of about , ) have been deprecated and in their vast majority merged into others. more subtle changes include modified preferred labels, or merges and splits of existing concepts. since stw has been published on the web in , we went to great lengths to make change traceable: no concept and no web page has been deleted, everything from prior versions is still available. following a presentation at dc- in lisbon, i've started the skos-history project, which aims to exploit published skos files of different versions for change tracking. a first beta implementation of linked-data-based change reports went live with stw . , making use of sparql "live queries" (as described in a prior post). with the publication of stw . , full reports of the changes are available. how do they work? skos-history thesaurus   linked data   	read more about skos-history: new method for change tracking applied to stw thesaurus for economics 	log in or register to post comments pages 	 	 	 	next › 	last » tags in dbpedia - web taxonomy your browser does not support canvas. 	application programming interface 	authority control 	drupal 	economics 	electronic publishing 	impact factor 	linked data 	organizer 	recommender system 	repository (publishing) 	thesaurus 	wikidata search form search (rdf/xml, turtle, nt)   imprint   privacy powered by drupal search open library for thanks for all the fish | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up search inside about , , results found in . 	 the more than complete hitchhiker's guide ( ) by douglas adams 	 …a mounting irritation. of all the planets in all the star systems of all the galaxy—many wild and exotic… 	 …above it. so long, and thanks for all the fish ten minutes later, with all the copter's sirens blaring… 	 …the universe, and everything so long, and thanks for all the fish \bung zaphod plays it safe ^ „.… 	 …copyright © by douglas adams, so long, and thanks for all the fish copyright © by douglas adams, young… 	 …the universe, and everything—so long, and thanks for all the fish— young zaphod plays it safe. isbn - - - … borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 montana archery harvest & preference survey: comments ( ) by unknown author 	 …now for all of the fish-games lack of foresight the hunter is the one that loses. to me, all the fish… 	 …see all the domestic animals be taken out of districts and . they are over grazing all the open… 	 …keep up the good work. thanks for being concerned and for the survey. thanks for sending out this questionnaire… 	 …work. thank you. i feel the fish, wildlife and parks is doing a great job for all hunters. real hunters… 	 …respect for the fish and game, it's lack of foresight in all areas of management. it seems all the money paid… see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 the happy campers (april , ) by unknown author 	 …cinnamon simply put all the ingredients into a saucepan and heat gently, stirring all the time (don’t worry… 	 …so do it with your hands and the fish inside a carrier bag. when the fish is smooth and scale- free wash… 	 …campers the fish grill a fish grill is two wire grills hinged together. you simply place the fish between… 	 …rub the outside of the fish with a little olive oil and seasoning. stuff the fish with the fennel and… 	 …slices and a drizzle of oil. close the fish and place it in the fish grill. grill for about minutes each… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 white death: a novel from the numa files ( ) by clive cussler 	 …feed the fish." "feed the fish," austin murmured. "you remember what i told you about the fish cages… 	 …pitchfork, speared the fish behind the gills and pinned it to the deck. the fish continued to struggle… 	 …when the fish was positioned over the hold, he took a filleting knife and cut the line. the fish fell… 	 …seedings will take place in all the world's oceans. in time, most of the fish on the world market will be… 	 …could not be ignored. an angry crowd had greeted the fish-laden ships that edged up to the docks to unload… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 songs for the people: teachings on the natural way (december ) by arthur solomon 	 …and the great seas belong to him; into all the world all the children of the earth are his children;… 	 …into all the world grea t prayer august vancouver, british columbia i give thanks for the power… 	 …work to look after all the female life on the earth; her work is to take care of all the fertility of all… 	 …concerned. into all the world this is not a dream, it is a reality that we can make real for all of us if… 	 …fail. into all the world kitche manitou, i send this prayer to you. i give thanks for the power and… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 napoleons everyday gourmet plank grilling ( ) by unknown author 	 …my friends. thank you for all your support, guidance and encouragement. thanks for the direction in helping… 	 …adjust legs so that the fish sits at a ° angle to the fire. you may need to move the fish closer to, or farther… 	 …you bring happiness, smiles, kisses and, above all, the truth about life. napoleon appliance corporation… 	 …mother of my two beautiful children, thank you for all your support in life and in my career. you are… 	 …are my rock. you have stood by me through all the fire and smoke. from over grills in the yard to the… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 saving dinner: the menus, recipes, and shopping lists to bring your family back to the table (october , ) by leanne ely 	 …pepper the fish to your taste. pour the sauce over the fish and bake uncovered until the fish flakes… 	 …for salad to be served with nearly all the recipes. the reasons for all this green boils down to the fact… 	 …lemon juice. place the fish in a x -inch pan and spread this mixture over the fish; cover and chill… 	 …and blend well. dip the fish first in the butter then into the crumbs. place the fish in the baking dish… 	 …juice. spoon the tomato mixture over the fish and bake the fish, uncovered, in the middle of the oven… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 rainbow ribbon (october , ) by pamela thompson 	 …what's wrong." "it's the fish, rebecca," her mother's voice broke. "they're dying. the fish are all dying.… 	 …line to retrieve, sort, and dress the fish. one crew slit the fish open and removed the entrails, while… 	 …his or her crimes against the fish and the people who depended on the fish to live. rainbow ribbon … 	 …oxygen for inhabitants long gone. in the fish- out pond, the fish had settled down, swimming and breathing… 	 …otherwise bedraggled countenance. "thanks for being here, kevin... for the fish, for dad, and most of all for… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 white death: a novel from the numa files (book club edition) ( ) by unknown author 	 …feed the fish." "feed the fish," austin murmured. "you remember what i told you about the fish cages… 	 …pitchfork, speared the fish behind the gills and pinned it to the deck. the fish continued to struggle… 	 …when the fish was positioned over the hold, he took a filleting knife and cut the line. the fish fell… 	 …seedings will take place in all the world's oceans. in time, most of the fish on the world market will be… 	 …white death an angry crowd had greeted the fish- laden ships that edged up to the docks to unload… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 white death: a novel from the numa files ( ) by clive cussler 	 …feed the fish.” “feed the fish,” austin murmured. “you remember what i told you about the fish cages… 	 …pitchfork, speared the fish behind the gills and pinned it to the deck. the fish continued to struggle… 	 …when the fish was positioned over the hold, he took a filleting knife and cut the line. the fish fell… 	 …seedings will take place in all the world’s oceans. in time, most of the fish on the world market will be… 	 …reporter from cnn. “just make sure the story is worth all the damned dramamine i swallowed.” ryan flashed his… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 a time for evron (october , ) by bryan smillie 	 …the hook and taking the fish off the hook. he loved the thrill of feeling the fish tug on his line and… 	 …happy today; too bad he's not like that all the time. and thanks for thanking me, mr. sobalsky, but you really… 	 …and tried to force a smile. "thanks for being honest with me." "thanks for being understanding, matthew… 	 …because they captured a split second in time when all the people were there in one group, a moment when they… 	 …say to his students, "just think for a moment of all the thousands of lives that are going on under those… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 vanishing point ( ) by ben m. baglio 	 …regulates the temperatures in the different tanks for all the fish.” “wow,” andi said, impressed. “that’s pretty… 	 …it’s sick.” he gazed at the fish with a strange expression on his face. “thanks for noticing,” he said at… 	 …about the flame angels! she typed a reply: thanks for the fish info. i'll check it out right away. you won't… 	 …behind the store. “mike and izzy do all the pictures. me, i do all the lettering!” the guy sighed, then… 	 …but it’ll keep the fish safe.” “shouldn’t the water be exposed to the air so the fish get the oxygen… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 canada at the great international fisheries exhibition, london, . letters from eminent men in england on the standing and management of the canadian branch of the great international fisheries exhibition, , also extracts from papers read, and discussions had, referring to canada, at the fishery conferences held in london during the great exhibition called by the authority of his royal highness, the prince of wales ( ) by unknown author 	 …that fish should live on fish, because if all the eggs of the fish were permitted to hatch out, there would… 	 …that they had to go farther away to catch the fish. the fish came in near the shore to spawn, and went… 	 …telegraph cables along the coast to all the stations, so that when the fish struck on any particular point… 	 …this growth on the bruised portions of the fish, and the fish could not shake it off because they were… 	 …they passed all the nets and other engines which might be set at the estuaries, the fish having got past… see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 day by day (october , ) by betty free, valerie davies 	 …thanks april thanks for the food look! / have given you all the plants and all the fruit trees foryourfood… 	 …something from cod? dear god, thanks for letting me ask you for things. thanks for knowing just how to answer… 	 … jonah and god then the lord spoke to the fish. and the fish spit jonah out of its stomach onto the… 	 …god, thank you for keeping jesus safe. and thanks for all the times when you keep me safe. amen. a special… 	 …free god made you, and he loves you. god made all the people in the world, so he is like a father to… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 quick fix meals: simple, delicious recipes to make mealtime easy (march , ) by robin miller 	 …brian hatchett and pat guy for dotting all the i's, crossing all the t's, and putting everything together… 	 …simmer just until the fish is fork-tender, about minutes. drain. you may also cook the fish in the microwave:… 	 …microwave on high for minutes, until the fish is fork-tender. if the fish needs more cooking, cook in -minute… 	 …minutes. add the fish cakes, corn kernels, creamed corn, and bay leaves. pour the broth over the fish mixture… 	 …simmer until the fish is fork-tender, about minutes. remove from the heat, transfer the fish and sauce… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 white death: a novel from the numa files ( ) by clive cussler 	 …feed the fish." "feed the fish," austin murmured. "you remember what i told you about the fish cages… 	 …pitchfork, speared the fish behind the gills and pinned it to the deck. the fish continued to struggle… 	 …when the fish was positioned over the hold, he took a filleting knife and cut the line. the fish fell… 	 …seedings will take place in all the world's oceans. in time, most of the fish on the world market will be… 	 …and numa® stand in the way. . . . filled with all the hair-raising action and endless imagination unique… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 fishing on the edge: the mike iaconelli story (may , ) by mike iaconelli, andrew kamenetzky, brian kamenetzky 	 …the hook. set too early, and the fish won’t be securely hooked. of all the skills pop and don coached me… 	 …happened in my life. thanks for being two very special little ladies. and thanks for keeping me feeling… 	 …be the best i can be in everything i do. thanks for all the sacrifices and commitments you made for me… 	 …be able to repay you. thanks for being an awesome mom! to uncle don. thanks for being my mentor, friend… 	 … welcome to the fish camp. a very special thanks to my good buddy janet bell. thanks for lending an ear… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled 	 dead over heels (march , ) by maryjanice davidson 	 …inaudible with all the background noise. one thing about new york i'd never get used to. all the noise. "that… 	 …were they called?—blue jeans?—on. "thanks for that. and for the fish. delicious." "they're just fine raw… 	 …she was hot. "fine," he snapped. "thanks for saving my life and for all the sex." "you are most welcome… 	 …say it's meant to be. the king! coming here! of all the places he could have chosen, he's coming here.… 	 …jessica for ten years and, as they say, knew where all the bodies were buried. "an' by the way, glad to see… borrow & see all results not in library download for print-disabled next > open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b zbw labs jump to navigation 	english 	deutsch main menu 	news 	about us news building the swib participants map - - by joachim neubert   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. wikidata for authorities linked data   	read more about building the swib participants map 	log in or register to post comments journal map: developing an open environment for accessing and analyzing performance indicators from journals in economics - - by timo borst by franz osorio, timo borst introduction bibliometrics, scientometrics, informetrics and webometrics have been both research topics and practical guidelines for publishing, reading, citing, measuring and acquiring published research for a while (hood ). citation databases and measures had been introduced in the s, becoming benchmarks both for the publishing industry and academic libraries managing their holdings and journal acquisitions that tend to be more selective with a growing number of journals on the one side, budget cuts on the other. due to the open access movement triggering a transformation of traditional publishing models (schimmer ), and in the light of both global and distributed information infrastructures for publishing and communicating on the web that have yielded more diverse practices and communities, this situation has dramatically changed: while bibliometrics of research output in its core understanding still is highly relevant to stakeholders and the scientific community, visibility, influence and impact of scientific results has shifted to locations in the world wide web that are commonly shared and quickly accessible not only by peers, but by the general public (thelwall ). this has several implications for different stakeholders who are referring to metrics in dealing with scientific results:   	with the rise of social networks, platforms and their use also by academics and research communities, the term 'metrics' itself has gained a broader meaning: while traditional citation indexes only track citations of literature published in (other) journals, 'mentions', 'reads' and 'tweets', albeit less formal, have become indicators and measures for (scientific) impact. 	altmetrics has influenced research performance, evaluation and measurement, which formerly had been exclusively associated with traditional bibliometrics. scientists are becoming aware of alternative publishing channels and both the option and need of 'self-advertising' their output. 	in particular academic libraries are forced to manage their journal subscriptions and holdings in the light of increasing scientific output on the one hand, and stagnating budgets on the other. while editorial products from the publishing industry are exposed to a global competing market requiring a 'brand' strategy, altmetrics may serve as additional scattered indicators for scientific awareness and value. against this background, we took the opportunity to collect, process and display some impact or signal data with respect to literature in economics from different sources, such as 'traditional' citation databases, journal rankings and community platforms resp. altmetrics indicators: 	citec. the long-standing citation service maintainted by the repec community provided a dump of both working papers (as part of series) and journal articles, the latter with significant information on classic impact factors such as impact factor ( and years) and h-index. 	rankings of journals in economics including scimago journal rank (sjr) and two german journal rankings, that are regularly released and updated (vhb jourqual, handelsblatt ranking). 	usage data from altmetric.com that we collected for those articles that could be identified via their digital object identifier. 	usage data from the scientific community platform and reference manager mendeley.com, in particular the number of saves or bookmarks on an individual paper. requirements a major consideration for this project was finding an open environment in which to implement it. finding an open platform to use served a few purposes. as a member of the "leibniz research association," zbw has a commitment to open science and in part that means making use of open technologies to as great extent as possible (the zbw - open scienc...). this open system should allow direct access to the underlying data so that users are able to use it for their own investigations and purposes. additionally, if possible the user should be able to manipulate the data within the system. the first instance of the project was created in tableau, which offers a variety of means to express data and create interfaces for the user to filter and manipulate data. it also can provide a way to work with the data and create visualizations without programming skills or knowledge. tableau is one of the most popular tools to create and deliver data visualization in particular within academic libraries (murphy ). however, the software is proprietary and has a monthly fee to use and maintain, as well as closing off the data and making only the final visualization available to users. it was able to provide a starting point for how we wanted to the data to appear to the user, but it is in no way open. challenges the first technical challenge was to consolidate the data from the different sources which had varying formats and organizations. broadly speaking, the bibliometric data (citec and journal rankings) existed as a spread sheet with multiple pages, while the altmetrics and mendeley data came from a database dumps with multiple tables that were presented as several csv files. in addition to these different formats, the data needed to be cleaned and gaps filled in. the sources also had very different scopes. the altmetrics and mendeley data covered only journals, the bibliometric data, on the other hand, had more than , journals. transitioning from tableau to an open platform was big challenge. while there are many ways to create data visualizations and present them to users, the decision was made to use r to work with the data and shiny to present it. r is used widely to work with data and to present it (kläre ). the language has lots of support for these kinds of task over many libraries. the primary libraries used were r plotly and r shiny. plotly is a popular library for creating interactive visualizations. without too much work plotly can provide features including information popups while hovering over a chart and on the fly filtering. shiny provides a framework to create a web application to present the data without requiring a lot of work to create html and css. the transition required time spent getting to know r and its libraries, to learn how to create the kinds of charts and filters that would be useful for users. while shiny alleviates the need to create html and css, it does have a specific set of requirements and structures in order to function. the final challenge was in making this project accessible to users such that they would be able to see what we had done, have access to the data, and have an environment in which they could explore the data without needing anything other than what we were providing. in order to achieve this we used binder as the platform. at it's most basic binder makes it possible to share a jupyter notebook stored in a github repository with a url by running the jupyter notebook remotely and providing access through a browser with no requirements placed on the user. additionally, binder is able to run a web application using r and shiny. to move from a locally running instance of r shiny to one that can run in binder, instructions for the runtime environment need to be created and added to the repository. these include information on what version of the language to use,  which packages and libraries to install for the language, and any additional requirements there might be to run everything. solutions given the disparate sources and formats for the data, there was work that needed to be done to prepare it for visualization. the largest dataset, the bibliographic data, had several identifiers for each journal but without journal names. having the journals names is important because in general the names are how users will know the journals. adding the names to the data would allow users to filter on specific journals or pull up two journals for a comparison. providing the names of the journals is also a benefit for anyone who may repurpose the data and saves them from having to look them up. in order to fill this gap, we used metadata available through research papers in economics (repec). repec is an organization that seeks to "enhance the dissemination of research in economics and related sciences". it contains metadata for more than million papers available in different formats. the bibliographic data contained repec handles which we used to look up the journal information as xml and then parse the xml to find the title of the journal.  after writing a small python script to go through the repec data and find the missing names there were only journals whose names were still missing. for the data that originated in an mysql database, the major work that needed to be done was to correct the formatting. the data was provided as csv files but it was not formatted such that it could be used right away. some of the fields had double quotation marks and when the csv file was created those quotes were put into other quotation marks resulting doubled quotation marks which made machine parsing difficult without intervention directly on the files. the work was to go through the files and quickly remove the doubled quotation marks. in addition to that, it was useful for some visualizations to provide a condensed version of the data. the data from the database was at the article level which is useful for some things, but could be time consuming for other actions. for example, the altmetrics data covered only journals but had almost , rows. we could use the python library pandas to go through the all those rows and condense the data down so that there are only rows with the data for each column being the sum of all rows. in this way, there is a dataset that can be used to easily and quickly generate summaries on the journal level. shiny applications require a specific structure and files in order to do the work of creating html without needing to write the full html and css. at it's most basic there are two main parts to the shiny application. the first defines the user interface (ui) of the page. it says what goes where, what kind of elements to include, and how things are labeled. this section defines what the user interacts with by creating inputs and also defining the layout of the output. the second part acts as a server that handles the computations and processing of the data that will be passed on to the ui for display. the two pieces work in tandem, passing information back and forth to create a visualization based on user input. using shiny allowed almost all of the time spent on creating the project to be concentrated on processing the data and creating the visualizations. the only difficulty in creating the frontend was making sure all the pieces of the ui and server were connected correctly. binder provided a solution for hosting the application, making the data available to users, and making it shareable all in an open environment. notebooks and applications hosted with binder are shareable in part because the source is often a repository like github. by passing a github repository to binder, say one that has a jupyter notebook in it, binder will build a docker image to run the notebook and then serve the result to the user without them needing to do anything. out of the box the docker image will contain only the most basic functions. the result is that if a notebook requires a library that isn't standard, it won't be possible to run all of the code in the notebook. in order to address this, binder allows for the inclusion in a repository of certain files that can define what extra elements should be included when building the docker image. this can be very specific such as what version of the language to use and listing various libraries that should be included to ensure that the notebook can be run smoothly. binder also has support for more advanced functionality in the docker images such as creating a postgres database and loading it with data. these kinds of activities require using different hooks that binder looks for during the creation of the docker image to run scripts. results and evaluation the final product has three main sections that divide the data categorically into altmetrics, bibliometrics, and data from mendeley. there are additionally some sections that exist as areas where something new could be tried out and refined without potentially causing issues with the three previously mentioned areas. each section has visualizations that are based on the data available. considering the requirements for the project, the result goes a long way to meeting the requirements. the most apparent area that the journal map succeeds in is its goals is of presenting data that we have collected. the application serves as a dashboard for the data that can be explored by changing filters and journal selections. by presenting the data as a dashboard, the barrier to entry for users to explore the data is low. however, there exists a way to access the data directly and perform new calculations, or create new visualizations. this can be done through the application's access to an r-studio environment. access to r-studio provides two major features. first, it gives direct access to the all the underlying code that creates the dashboard and the data used by it. second, it provides an r terminal so that users can work with the data directly. in r-studio, the user can also modify the existing files and then run them from r-studio to see the results. using binder and r as the backend of the applications allows us to provide users with different ways to access and work with data without any extra requirements on the part of the user. however, anything changed in r-studio won't affect the dashboard view and won't persist between sessions. changes exist only in the current session. all the major pieces of this project were able to be done using open technologies: binder to serve the application, r to write the code, and github to host all the code. using these technologies and leveraging their capabilities allows the project to support the open science paradigm that was part of the impetus for the project. the biggest drawback to the current implementation is that binder is a third party host and so there are certain things that are out of our control. for example, binder can be slow to load. it takes on average + minutes for the docker image to load. there's not much, if anything, we can do to speed that up. the other issue is that if there is an update to the binder source code that breaks something, then the application will be inaccessible until the issue is resolved. outlook and future work the application, in its current state, has parts that are not finalized. as we receive feedback, we will make changes to the application to add or change visualizations. as mentioned previously, there a few sections that were created to test different visualizations independently of the more complete sections, those can be finalized. in the future it may be possible to move from binderhub to a locally created and administered version of binder. there is support and documentation for creating local, self hosted instances of binder. going that direction would give more control, and may make it possible to get the docker image to load more quickly. while the application runs stand-alone, the data that is visualized may also be integrated in other contexts. one option we are already prototyping is integrating the data into our subject portal econbiz, so users would be able to judge the scientific impact of an article in terms of both bibliometric and altmetric indicators.   references 	 william w. hood, concepcion s. wilson. the literature of bibliometrics, scientometrics, and informetrics. scientometrics , – springer science and business media llc, . link 	 r. schimmer. disrupting the subscription journals’ business model for the necessary large-scale transformation to open access. ( ). link 	 mike thelwall, stefanie haustein, vincent larivière, cassidy r. sugimoto. do altmetrics work? twitter and ten other social web services. plos one , e public library of science (plos), . link 	 the zbw - open science future. link 	 sarah anne murphy. data visualization and rapid analytics: applying tableau desktop to support library decision-making. journal of web librarianship , – informa uk limited, . link 	 christina kläre, timo borst. statistic packages and their use in research in economics | edawax - blog of the project ’european data watch extended’. edawax - european data watch extended ( ). link journal map - binder application for displaying and analyzing metrics data about scientific journals 	read more about journal map: developing an open environment for accessing and analyzing performance indicators from journals in economics 	log in or register to post comments integrating altmetrics into a subject repository - econstor as a use case - - by wolfgang riese back in the zbw leibniz information center for economics (zbw) teamed up with the göttingen state and university library (sub), the service center of götting library federation (vzg) and gesis leibniz institute for the social sciences in the *metrics project funded by the german research foundation (dfg). the aim of the project was: “… to develop a deeper understanding of *metrics, especially in terms of their general significance and their perception amongst stakeholders.” (*metrics project about). in the practical part of the project the following dspace based repositories of the project partners participated as data sources for online publications and – in the case of econstor – also as implementer for the presentation of the social media signals: 	econstor - a subject repository for economics and business studies run by the zbw, currently (aug. ) containing round about , downloadable files, 	goescholar - the publication server of the georg-august-universität göttingen run by the sub göttingen, offering approximately , publicly browsable items so far, 	ssoar - the “social science open access repository” maintained by gesis, currently containing about , publicly available items. in the work package “technology analysis for the collection and provision of *metrics” of the project an analysis of currently available *metrics technologies and services had been performed. as stated by [wilsdon ], currently suppliers of altmetrics “remain too narrow (mainly considering research products with dois)”, which leads to problems to acquire *metrics data for repositories like econstor with working papers as the main content. as up to now it is unusual – at least in the social sciences and economics – to create dois for this kind of documents. only the resulting final article published in a journal will receive a doi. based on the findings in this work package, a test implementation of the *metrics crawler had been built. the crawler had been actively deployed from early to spring at the vzg. for the aggregation of the *metrics data the crawler had been fed with persistent identifiers and metadata from the aforementioned repositories. at this stage of the project, the project partners still had the expectation, that the persistent identifiers (e.g. handle, urns, …), or their local url counterparts, as used by the repositories could be harnessed to easily identify social media mentions of their documents, e.g. for econstor: 	handle: “hdl: /…” 	handle.net resolver url: “http(s)://hdl.handle.net/ /…” 	econstor landing page url with handle: “http(s)://www.econstor.eu/handle/ /…” 	econstor bitstream (pdf) url with handle: “http(s)://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/ /…” integrating altmetrics data into econstor 	read more about integrating altmetrics into a subject repository - econstor as a use case 	log in or register to post comments th century press archives: data donation to wikidata - - by joachim neubert zbw is donating a large open dataset from the th century press archives to wikidata, in order to make it better accessible to various scientific disciplines such as contemporary, economic and business history, media and information science, to journalists, teachers, students, and the general public. the th century press archives (pm ) is a large public newspaper clippings archive, extracted from more than different sources published in germany and all over the world, covering roughly a full century ( - ). the clippings are organized in thematic folders about persons, companies and institutions, general subjects, and wares. during a project originally funded by the german research foundation (dfg), the material up to has been digitized. , folders with more than two million pages up to are freely accessible online.  the fine-grained thematic access and the public nature of the archives makes it to our best knowledge unique across the world (more information on wikipedia) and an essential research data fund for some of the disciplines mentioned above. the data donation does not only mean that zbw has assigned a cc license to all pm metadata, which makes it compatible with wikidata. (due to intellectual property rights, only the metadata can be licensed by zbw - all legal rights on the press articles themselves remain with their original creators.) the donation also includes investing a substantial amount of working time (during, as planned, two years) devoted to the integration of this data into wikidata. here we want to share our experiences regarding the integration of the persons archive metadata. linked data   open data   	read more about th century press archives: data donation to wikidata 	log in or register to post comments zbw's contribution to "coding da vinci": dossiers about persons and companies from th century press archives - - by joachim neubert at th and th of october, the kick-off for the "kultur-hackathon" coding da vinci is held in mainz, germany, organized this time by glam institutions from the rhein-main area: "for five weeks, devoted fans of culture and hacking alike will prototype, code and design to make open cultural data come alive." new software applications are enabled by free and open data. for the first time, zbw is among the data providers. it contributes the person and company dossiers of the th century press archive. for about a hundred years, the predecessor organizations of zbw in kiel and hamburg had collected press clippings, business reports and other material about a wide range of political, economic and social topics, about persons, organizations, wares, events and general subjects. during a project funded by the german research organization (dfg), the documents published up to (about , million pages) had been digitized and are made publicly accessible with according metadata, until recently solely in the "pressemappe . jahrhundert" (pm ) web application. additionally, the dossiers - for example about mahatma gandhi or the hamburg-bremer afrika linie - can be loaded into a web viewer. as a first step to open up this unique source of data for various communities, zbw has decided to put the complete pm metadata* under a cc-zero license, which allows free reuse in all contexts. for our coding da vinci contribution, we have prepared all person and company dossiers which already contain documents. the dossiers are interlinked among each other. controlled vocabularies (for, e.g., "country", or "field of activity") provide multi-dimensional access to the data. most of the persons and a good share of organizations were linked to gnd identifiers. as a starter, we had mapped dossiers to wikidata according to existing gnd ids. that allows to run queries for pm dossiers completely on wikidata, making use of all the good stuff there. an example query shows the birth places of pm economists on a map, enriched with images from wikimedia commons. the initial mapping was much extended by fantastic semi-automatic and manual mapping efforts by the wikidata community. so currently more than % of the dossiers about - often rather prominent - pm persons are linked not only to wikidata, but also connected to wikipedia pages. that offers great opportunities for mash-ups to further data sources, and we are looking forward to what the "coding da vinci" crowd may make out of these opportunities. technically, the data has been converted from an internal intermediate format to still quite experimental rdf and loaded into a sparql endpoint. there it was enriched with data from wikidata and extracted with a construct query. we have decided to transform it to json-ld for publication (following practices recommended by our hbz colleagues). so developers can use the data as "plain old json", with the plethora of web tools available for this, while linked data enthusiasts can utilize sophisticated semantic web tools by applying the provided json-ld context. in order to make the dataset discoverable and reusable for future research, we published it persistently at zenodo.org. with it, we provide examples and data documentation. a github repository gives you additional code examples and a way to address issues and suggestions. * for the scanned documents, the legal regulations apply - zbw cannot assign licenses here.   pressemappe . jahrhundert linked data   	read more about zbw's contribution to "coding da vinci": dossiers about persons and companies from th century press archives 	log in or register to post comments wikidata as authority linking hub: connecting repec and gnd researcher identifiers - - by joachim neubert in the econbiz portal for publications in economics, we have data from different sources. in some of these sources, most notably zbw's "econis" bibliographical database, authors are disambiguated by identifiers of the integrated authority file (gnd) - in total more than , . data stemming from "research papers in economics" (repec) contains another identifier: repec authors can register themselves in the repec author service (ras), and claim their papers. this data is used for various rankings of authors and, indirectly, of institutions in economics, which provides a big incentive for authors - about , have signed into ras - to keep both their article claims and personal data up-to-date. while gnd is well known and linked to many other authorities, ras had no links to any other researcher identifier system. thus, until recently, the author identifiers were disconnected, which precludes the possibility to display all publications of an author on a portal page. to overcome that limitation, colleagues at zbw have matched a good , authors with ras and gnd ids by their publications (see details here). making that pre-existing mapping maintainable and extensible however would have meant to set up some custom editing interface, would have required storage and operating resources and wouldn't easily have been made publicly accessible. in a previous article, we described the opportunities offered by wikidata. now we made use of it. wikidata for authorities authority control   wikidata   	read more about wikidata as authority linking hub: connecting repec and gnd researcher identifiers 	log in or register to post comments new version of multi-lingual jel classification published in lod - - by joachim neubert the journal of economic literature classification scheme (jel) was created and is maintained by the american economic association. the aea provides this widely used resource freely for scholarly purposes. thanks to andré davids (ku leuven), who has translated the originally english-only labels of the classification to french, spanish and german, we provide a multi-lingual version of jel. it's lastest version (as of - ) is published in the formats rdfa and rdf download files. these formats and translations are provided "as is" and are not authorized by aea. in order to make changes in jel tracable more easily, we have created lists of inserted and removed jel classes in the context of the skos-history project. jel klassifikation für linked open data skos-history linked data   	read more about new version of multi-lingual jel classification published in lod 	log in or register to post comments economists in wikidata: opportunities of authority linking - - by joachim neubert wikidata is a large database, which connects all of the roughly wikipedia projects. besides interlinking all wikipedia pages in different languages about a specific item – e.g., a person -, it also connects to more than different sources of authority information. the linking is achieved by a „authority control“ class of wikidata properties. the values of these properties are identifiers, which unambiguously identify the wikidata item in external, web-accessible databases. the property definitions includes an uri pattern (called „formatter url“). when the identifier value is inserted into the uri pattern, the resulting uri can be used to look up the authoritiy entry. the resulting uri may point to a linked data resource - as it is the case with the gnd id property. this, on the one hand, provides a light-weight and robust mechanism to create links in the web of data. on the other hand, these links can be exploited by every application which is driven by one of the authorities to provide additional data: links to wikipedia pages in multiple languages, images, life data, nationality and affiliations of the according persons, and much more. wikidata item for the indian economist bina agarwal, visualized via the sqid browser wikidata for authorities wikidata   authority control   linked data   	read more about economists in wikidata: opportunities of authority linking 	log in or register to post comments integrating a research data repository with established research practices - - by timo borst authors: timo borst, konstantin ott in recent years, repositories for managing research data have emerged, which are supposed to help researchers to upload, describe, distribute and share their data. to promote and foster the distribution of research data in the light of paradigms like open science and open access, these repositories are normally implemented and hosted as stand-alone applications, meaning that they offer a web interface for manually uploading the data, and a presentation interface for browsing, searching and accessing the data. sometimes, the first component (interface for uploading the data) is substituted or complemented by a submission interface from another application. e.g., in dataverse or in ckan data is submitted from remote third-party applications by means of data deposit apis [ ]. however the upload of data is organized and eventually embedded into a publishing framework (data either as a supplement of a journal article, or as a stand-alone research output subject to review and release as part of a ‘data journal’), it definitely means that this data is supposed to be made publicly available, which is often reflected by policies and guidelines for data deposit. institutional view on research data 	read more about integrating a research data repository with established research practices 	log in or register to post comments content recommendation by means of eexcess - - by timo borst authors: timo borst, nils witt since their beginnings, libraries and related cultural institutions were confident in the fact that users had to visit them in order to search, find and access their content. with the emergence and massive use of the world wide web and associated tools and technologies, this situation has drastically changed: if those institutions still want their content to be found and used, they must adapt themselves to those environments in which users expect digital content to be available. against this background, the general approach of the eexcess project is to ‘inject’ digital content (both metadata and object files) into users' daily environments like browsers, authoring environments like content management systems or google docs, or e-learning environments. content is not just provided, but recommended by means of an organizational and technical framework of distributed partner recommenders and user profiles. once a content partner has connected to this framework by establishing an application program interface (api) for constantly responding to the eexcess queries, the results will be listed and merged with the results of the other partners. depending on the software component installed either on a user’s local machine or on an application server, the list of recommendations is displayed in different ways: from a classical, text-oriented list, to a visualization of metadata records. eexcess recommender recommender system   metadata   economics   	read more about content recommendation by means of eexcess 	log in or register to post comments pages 	 	 	next › 	last » tags in dbpedia - web taxonomy your browser does not support canvas. 	application programming interface 	authority control 	drupal 	economics 	electronic publishing 	impact factor 	linked data 	organizer 	recommender system 	repository (publishing) 	thesaurus 	wikidata search form search (rdf/xml, turtle, nt)   imprint   privacy powered by drupal none none microsoft word - lyneise.docx - - - - / /$ . © ieee what computational archival science can learn from art history and material culture studies lyneise williams department of art and art history university of north carolina, chapel hill williale@email.unc.edu abstract— i discuss the significance of considering the material and cultural implications, as practiced in art history and material culture studies, of reproductive technology used by archives and libraries. reproductive technologies like microfilming and digitizing shape how we view and remember history. exploring a case study of newspaper representations of panamanian welterweight world champion boxer ( - ; - ), alfonso brown, i demonstrate how the absence of a grasp of the capabilities of reproductive technologies can lead to erasure and distortion of already marginalized communities of color and other under-represented populations in the historical record. material culture studies conceptualization of reproductive technology as a material, or medium of representation warranting deep and rigorous consideration, is useful for computational archival science (cas) as we move towards completely digital-based archives. keywords—representations of marginalized populations, racial implications of reproductive technology i. theories used in art history and material culture studies in this paper i focus on the racial implications of reproductive technology used in archives and libraries. art history and material culture studies have not been a part of computational archival science spaces. they may seem unrelated to computational archival science, but some of their theories offer valuable benefits regarding representation and who gets to appear in the historical record. some theories of representation used in art history have already been introduced to archival scholarship as useful frameworks. paul conway, in , draws on w. j. t. mitchell’s definition of representation in his discussion about building a digital collection [ ]. mitchell’s theorizes representation as “always of something or someone, by something or someone, to someone.” [ ] conway’s adoption of mitchell’s theory also allows him to bring attention to the mediation that happens in the digitizing process. according to conway, when considered as a form of representation, digitization of archival photographs comprises a means of communication between image and user in which the archivist, digitizer, system builder, and interface architect, play a fundamental mediating role [ ]. i offer another valuable art historical framework for computational archival science regarding the multiple mediators conway identifies. social art history informed by semiotics, as defined by keith moxey, places an emphasis on historical specificity and teases out relevant social relations [ ]. moxey’s framework contends: the study of visual representation will approach visual signs as if they were contiguous to and continuous with the signifying systems that structure all other aspects of the historical horizon that is the object of study. the work of art will be read as if its surface were part of the social fabric of which it was once an organic whole [ ]. the relationships between the mediators, institutions (such as libraries and archives and their practices), and computer scientists, for example, has the potential to yield significant questions and insights regarding the selection of particular reproductive technologies. material culture in the context of art history, as defined by one of its earliest proponents, jules david prown, is conceived as: a study based upon the obvious fact that the existence of a man-made object is concrete evidence of the presence of human intelligence operating at that objects time of fabrication. the underlying premise is that objects made or modified by man reflect, consciously or unconsciously, directly or indirectly, the beliefs of individuals who made, commissioned, purchased, or used them, and by extension, the beliefs of the larger society to which they belonged [ ]. the term ‘material” points to an emphasis on the objects’ materiality, or its physical and sensual dimension. this includes an exploration of the materials and their properties. while materiality is a critical component of material culture studies, materials have become a field in art historical studies. this emphasis on materials is underscored in the department name, “history of art, materials, and technology” at university college london. the description of the department on their website states: this degree offers a unique focus on works of art as physical objects. it combines knowledge of art history with questions of materiality and technology related to the time a work of art was made and subsequently as it ages and changes [ ]. the focus on materials as mediators is a valuable lens for thinking about technology as a representational tool. this is especially important component when thinking about computational archival science (cas). indeed, current work in artificial intelligence, like facial recognition software, which fails to recognize dark skin, demonstrates how a framework that positions materials, technology [ ], and those who use them as mediators is much needed. ii. case study the comparison of a hard copy of the february , issue of the french sports newspaper, match l’intran with its digital counterpart from a library collection in my research on s black panamanian welterweight champion boxer, alfonso teofilo brown was staggering. i found this newspaper in while browsing a flea market on the outskirts of paris. i was so taken with the way brown seemed to be glowing. he looked like a s film star rather than a boxer. the materiality of the newspaper---the physical object---led me to a investigate the process by which a photographic image was translated and printed on to newsprint paper. touching and examining this physical newspaper prompted questions, like why does brown look distinctively different here than his appearance in other newspapers of the day? and why does this paper have a satiny sheen to it? investigating all of my lines of inquiry directed me to the photomechanical printing process, rotogravure. rotogravure is a game changer regarding representations of black phenotype in mass produced print media like newspapers. rotogravure is critical to the creation of the glamorous, black athlete type. fig. . high-resolution cover image of match l’intran february , using material culture methodology that focuses on deeply understanding the technology of production, i researched the newspaper as an object that included an inquiry into the technology. i realized that hard copy was printed using rotogravure, a photomechanical reproduction process used for newspapers that dramatically transformed how brown skinned people appeared in the print newspaper medium all over the world. rotogravure was a cutting-edge technology in the s in western europe and the us. it had the ability to capture details in dark tones, rather than reduce brown people to flat black, cartoonish forms. rotogravure allowed brown people to be seen in newspapers as glamorous. images like nike’s billboards of lebron james and kobe bryant as monumental aesthetically compelling athletes owe much to brown’s cover of match l’intran. microfilm, microforms, and digitizing, employed in newspapers for archives and libraries, strip away all of the revolutionary advances made by rotogravure. the aesthetic strategies of subtle grey tones, and highlighting not only create a glowing quality, but it gives people of color access to glamour in print, and newspaper readers access to the image because you can actually see it. fig. . digital database cover image of match l’intran, february , if we consider microfilm as a medium through which representations are created, we must examine the medium itself. what was it created to do? how does it work? microfilm is photographic process that uses a silver-based film to reproduce data in a reduced size. it is inherently a high-contrast medium. as such, it is best suited to record very dark tones and very light tones. while some tones in between black and white are recorded, the majority of grey tones in an original document are minimized or erased. this suggests that microfilm is highly applicable for text-heavy documents since text is conventionally printed in dark black tones. the practice of microfilming newspapers reaches back to the late s when the library of congress began their major filming project. since woodrow wilson increased segregation in the federal offices during this period, there were no people of color involved in the library of congress’s decision to use microfilm [ ]. the decision makers failed to consider the technology’s racial implications. the new york times began filming and publishing their print runs in [ ]. microfilming newspapers was a widespread practice by the late s [ ]. the national endowment of the humanities united states newspaper program allocated $ . million to microfilm newspapers between and [ ]. however, no value was placed on keeping the hard copies of these historic newspapers or improving the environmental storage conditions for them. they were disposed of or destroyed [ ]. in the early s when the library of congress began experimenting with the digital process for copying newspapers, they scanned microfilms, not hardcopies of newspapers. digitizing flattens out an already distorted-microfilmed image. that means when we look at digitized pre- newspaper images today, we see representations that are distorted by two different copying processes. the stakes regarding historic black representation in one of the mediums that circulated and disseminated the most images, are very high. commission on preservation and access reports from acknowledge the inadequacy of microfilming related generally to images [ ]. however, my research demonstrates the actual impact of microfilming, digitizing and rotogravure on brown people. representations of race in mass-produced printed media like newspapers, especially those of brown people, are inextricably tied to the material object---the hardcopies. if i didn’t have the physical newspaper, i wouldn’t have noticed the distinction in the printing quality of brown’s image. i wouldn’t know about rotogravure, and its significant role in generating a major iconographic shift in representation for brown people. technology used for copying, thus far, is no substitute. reproduction technologies like microfilming and digitizing of microfilms accompanied by the destruction of the physical newspaper, severely compromise and eliminate our ability to generate questions about representation of brown people in this widely circulated medium. art history and material culture studies bring methods for examining the implications of technology---be they aesthetic, racial, social and/or cultural to computational archival science. there is much to gain by putting them in dialogue. the national archives and records administration’s june , memorandum [ ] detailing the administrations transition to completely electronic form as of december , speaks to the urgency of this conversation. iii. conclusions and future work collaborations between art history, material culture studies and cas foster necessary and vital conversations that can yield meaningful changes regarding representation and inclusion. towards that end, i recently created the initiative vera (visual electronic representations in the archive) collaborative. vera collaborative’s mission is to raise awareness about the significance of aesthetic, cultural, and social implications of visual representations found in archives, providing a model for archives, libraries, museums, and cultural heritage centers around the world. it addresses the distortions and erasures in visual representations, linked to reproduction technology, that particularly impacts communities of color and other under-represented communities. vera collaborative partners with organizations like the u.s. national park service (nps), the library of congress (loc), the maryland state archives, and the digital curation innovation center (dcic) to forge dialogues in order to generate informed decisions regarding reproductive technology. acknowledgment i thank richard marciano and the dcic, mark conrad (national archives and records administration), and michael kurtz for their insights and support. references [ ] p. conway, modes of seeing: digitized photographic archives and the experienced user. the american archivist , , - ( ). [ ] w.j.t. mitchell, “representation”, in critical terms for literary study, nd ed, f. lentricchia, t. mclaughlin eds. (university of chicago press, ), pp. - . [ ] p. conway, modes of seeing: digitized photographic archives and the experienced user. the american archivist , , - ( ). [ ] k. moxey, semiotics and the social history of art. new literary history , , pp. - ( ). [ ] j. prown, mind in matter: an introduction to material culture theory and method. winterthur portfolio , , pp. - ( ). [ ] https://www.ucl.ac.uk/art-history/material-studies- [ ] j. buolomwini, artificial intelligence has a problem with gender and racial bias. here’s how to solve it. time february , . https://time.com/ /artificial-intelligence-racial-gender-bias/ [ ] a. meier, e. rudwick, the rise of segregation in the federal bureaucracy, - . phylon , , pp. - ( ); c. a. lunardini, standing firm: william monroe trotter’s meetings with woodrow wilson, - . the journal of negro history , , pp. - ( ). [ ] southern regional library facility, “microfilm, a brief history,” https://www.srlf.ucla.edu/exhibit/text/briefhistory.htm [ ] national endowment of the humanities, us newspapers program https://www.neh.gov/us-newspaper-program. [ ] r. silverman, what? no backups?:preserving hardcopy newspapers in the digital age. conference paper presented at world library and information congress, - august, lyon, france https://www.ifla.org/node/ . [ ] council on library and information resources annual report, july , -june , . https://www.clir.org/pubs/annual/previous-annual- reports/annrpt / [ ] national archives and records administration, “memorandum: transition to electronic records” june , . https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/ / /m- - .pdf none what i learned today… 		skip to the content 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 																	 								search 							 						 					 					 						what i learned today... 					 					 						 							 															 							menu 						 					 				 				 					 							 									about me 	publications & presentations 	library mashups 	the accidental systems librarian 	open source software for libraries 	my presenting/learning calendar 	blog archives 							 						 						 						 							 								 									 																				search 									 								 							 							 						 						 				 			 			 	 		 			 	 		search for: 		 	 	 			 				close search 							 		 	 		 		 	 		 			 				 					close menu 									 				 					 							about me 	publications & presentationsshow sub menu 	library mashups 	the accidental systems librarian 	open source software for libraries 	my presenting/learning calendar 	blog archives 					 					 			 			 				 					 							facebook 	twitter 	linkedin 					 				 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					about me				 			 			taking a break 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							may , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on taking a break						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			i’m sure those of you who are still reading have noticed that i haven’t been updating this site much in the past few years. i was sharing my links with you all but now delicious has started adding ads to that. i’m going to rethink how i can use this site effectively going forward. for now you can read my regular content on opensource.com at https://opensource.com/users/nengard. share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 	reddit 	pocket 	pinterest 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					link sharing				 			 			bookmarks for may , 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							may , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on bookmarks for may , 						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. 	start a fire grow and expand your audience by recommending your content within any link you share digest powered by rss digest share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 	reddit 	pocket 	pinterest 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					link sharing				 			 			bookmarks for april , 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							april , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on bookmarks for april , 						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. 	mattermost mattermost is an open source, self-hosted slack-alternative 	mblock program your app, arduino projects and robots by dragging & dropping 	fidus writer fidus writer is an online collaborative editor especially made for academics who need to use citations and/or formulas. 	beek social network for booklovers 	open ebooks open ebooks is a partnership between digital public library of america, the new york public library, and first book, with content support from digital books distributor baker & taylor. digest powered by rss digest share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 	reddit 	pocket 	pinterest 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					link sharing				 			 			bookmarks for february , 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							february , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on bookmarks for february , 						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. 	connfa open source ios & android app for conferences & events 	paperless scan, index, and archive all of your paper documents 	foss serve foss serve promotes student learning via participation in humanitarian free and open source software (foss) projects. 	disk inventory x disk inventory x is a disk usage utility for mac os x . (and later). it shows the sizes of files and folders in a special graphical way called “treemaps”. 	loomio loomio is the easiest way to make decisions together. loomio empowers organisations and communities to turn discussion into action, wherever people are. 	democracyos democracyos is an online space for deliberation and voting on political proposals. it is a platform for a more open and participatory government. the software aims to stimulate better arguments and come to better rulings, as peers. digest powered by rss digest share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 	reddit 	pocket 	pinterest 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					link sharing				 			 			bookmarks for january , 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							january , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on bookmarks for january , 						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. 	superpowers the open source, extensible, collaborative html d+ d game maker 	sequel pro sequel pro is a fast, easy-to-use mac database management application for working with mysql databases. digest powered by rss digest share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 	reddit 	pocket 	pinterest 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 		 			 				categories 				 					link sharing				 			 			bookmarks for december , 		 				 						 							post author 													 						 							by nicole c. baratta						 					 	 						 							post date 													 						 							december , 						 					 	 						 													 						 							no comments on bookmarks for december , 						 					 		 		 	 	 		 			today i found the following resources and bookmarked them on delicious. 	open broadcaster software free, open source software for live streaming and recording digest powered by rss digest share this: 	email 	twitter 	facebook 	tumblr 	linkedin 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yelton 	skip to content 	 		 			 				 					 											 							 						 													andromeda yelton 										 				 									 						menu					 				 			 		 	 				 				home 	about 	contact 	resume 	hamlet 	lita 	talks 	machine learning (ala midwinter ) 	boston python meetup (august , ) 	swib 	libtechconf 	code lib keynote 	texas library association 	online northwest : five conversations about code 	new jersey esummit (may , ) 	westchester library association (january , ) 	bridging the digital divide with mobile services (webjunction, july ) 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 						 				 			 			though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. 			 	 		 when i first trained a neural net on , theses to make hamlet, one of the things i most wanted to do is be able to visualize them. if word vec places documents ‘near’ each other in some kind of inferred conceptual space, we should be able to see some kind of map of them, yes? even if i don’t actually know what i’m doing? turns out: yes. and it’s even better than i’d imagined. , graduate theses, arranged by their conceptual similarity. let me take you on a tour! region is biochemistry. the red dots are biology; the orange ones, chemistry. theses here include positional cloning and characterization of the mouse pudgy locus and biosynthetic engineering for the assembly of better drugs. if you look closely, you will see a handful of dots in different colors, like a buttery yellow. this color is electrical engineering & computer science, and its dots in this region include computational regulatory genomics : motifs, networks, and dynamics — that is to say, a computational biology thesis that happens to have been housed in computation rather than biology. the green south of region is physics. but you will note a bit of orange here. yes, that’s chemistry again; for example, dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules. if (like me), you almost majored in chemistry and realized only your senior year that the only chemistry classes that interested you were the ones that were secretly physics…this is your happy place. in fact, most of the theses here concern nuclear magnetic resonance applications. region has a striking vertical green stripe which turns out to be the nuclear engineering department. but you’ll see some orange streaks curling around it like fingers, almost suggesting three-dimensional depth. i point this out as a reminder that the original neural net embeds these , documents in a -dimensional space; i have projected that down to dimensions because i don’t know about you but i find dimensions somewhat challenging to visualize. however — just as objects may overlap in a -dimensional photo even when they are quite distant in -dimensional space — dots that are close together in this projection may be quite far apart in reality. trust the overall structure more than each individual element. the map is not the territory. that little yellow thumb by region is mathematics, now a tiny appendage off of the giant discipline it spawned — our old friend buttery yellow, aka electrical engineering & computer science. if you zoom in enough you find eecs absolutely everywhere, applied to all manner of disciplines (as above with biology), but the bulk of it — including the quintessential parts, like compilers — is right here. dramatically red region , clustered together tightly and at the far end, is architecture. this is a renowned department (it graduated i.m. pei!), but definitely a different sort of creature than most of mit, so it makes sense that it’s at one extreme of the map. that said, the other two programs in its school — urban studies & planning and media arts & sciences — are just to its north. region — tiny, yellow, and pale; you may have missed it at first glance — is linguistics island, housing theses such as topics in the stress and syntax of words. you see how there are also a handful of red dots on this island? they are brain & cognitive science theses — and in particular, ones that are secretly linguistics, like intonational phrasing in language production and comprehension. similarly — although at mit it is not the department of linguistics, but the department of linguistics & philosophy — the philosophy papers are elsewhere. (a few of the very most abstract ones are hanging out near math.) and what about region , the stingray swimming vigorously away from everything else? i spent a long time looking at this and not seeing a pattern. you can tell there’s a lot of colors (departments) there, randomly assorted; even looking at individual titles i couldn’t see anything. only when i looked at the original documents did i realize that this is the island of terrible ocr. almost everything here is an older thesis, with low-quality printing or even typewriting, often in a regrettable font, maybe with the reverse side of the page showing through. (a randomly chosen example; pdf download.) a good reminder of the importance of high-quality digitization labor. a heartbreaking example of the things we throw away when we make paper the archival format for born-digital items. and also a technical inspiration — look how much vector space we’ve had to carve out to make room for these! the poor neural net, trying desperately to find signal in the noise, needing all this space to do it. i’m tempted to throw out the entire leftmost quarter of this graph, rerun the d projection, and see what i get — would we be better able to see the structures in the high-quality data if they had room to breathe? and were i to rerun the entire neural net training process again, i’d want to include some sort of threshhold score for ocr quality. it would be a shame to throw things away — especially since they will be a nonrandom sample, mostly older theses — but i have already had to throw away things i could not ocr at all in an earlier pass, and, again, i suspect the neural net would do a better job organizing the high-quality documents if it could use the whole vector space to spread them out, rather than needing some of it to encode the information “this is terrible ocr and must be kept away from its fellows”. clearly i need to share the technical details of how i did this, but this post is already too long, so maybe next week. tl;dr i reached out to matt miller after reading his cool post on vectorizing the dpla and he tipped me off to umap and here we are — thanks, matt! and just as clearly you want to play with this too, right? well, it’s super not ready to be integrated into hamlet due to any number of usability issues but if you promise to forgive me those — have fun. you see how when you hover over a dot you get a label with the format . -x.txt? it corresponds to a url of the format https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/x. go play :). 			 			 				 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			leave a comment 			 									december , december , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 			 	 		 skipped fridai blogging last week because of thanksgiving, but let’s get back on it! top-of-mind today are the firing of ai queen timnit gebru (letter of support here) and a couple of grant applications that i’m actually eligible for (this is rare for me! i typically need things for which i can apply in my individual capacity, so it’s always heartening when they exist — wish me luck). but for blogging today, i’m gonna talk about neural style transfer, because it’s cool as hell. i started my ml-learning journey on coursera’s intro ml class and have been continuing with their deeplearning.ai sequence; i’m on course of there, so i’ve just gotten to neural style transfer. this is the thing where a neural net outputs the content of one picture in the style of another: via https://medium.com/@build_it_for_fun/neural-style-transfer-with-swift-for-tensorflow-b b . ok, so! let me explain while it’s still fresh. if you have a neural net trained on images, it turns out that each layer is responsible for recognizing different, and progressively more complicated, things. the specifics vary by neural net and data set, but you might find that the first layer gets excited about straight lines and colors; the second about curves and simple textures (like stripes) that can be readily composed from straight lines; the third about complex textures and simple objects (e.g. wheels, which are honestly just fancy circles); and so on, until the final layers recognize complex whole objects. you can interrogate this by feeding different images into the neural net and seeing which ones trigger the highest activation in different neurons. below, each × grid represents the most exciting images for a particular neuron. you can see that in this network, there are layer neurons excited about colors (green, orange), and about lines of particular angles that form boundaries between dark and colored space. in layer , these get built together like tiny image legos; now we have neurons excited about simple textures such as vertical stripes, concentric circles, and right angles. via https://adeshpande .github.io/the- -deep-learning-papers-you-need-to-know-about.html, originally from zeller & fergus, visualizing and understanding convolutional networks so how do we get from here to neural style transfer? we need to extract information about the content of one image, and the style of another, in order to make a third image that approximates both of them. as you already expect if you have done a little machine learning, that means that we need to write cost functions that mean “how close is this image to the desired content?” and “how close is this image to the desired style?” and then there’s a wrinkle that i haven’t fully understood, which is that we don’t actually evaluate these cost functions (necessarily) against the outputs of the neural net; we actually compare the activations of the neurons, as they react to different images — and not necessarily from the final layer! in fact, choice of layer is a hyperparameter we can vary (i super look forward to playing with this on the coursera assignment and thereby getting some intuition). so how do we write those cost functions? the content one is straightforward: if two images have the same content, they should yield the same activations. the greater the differences, the greater the cost (specifically via a squared error function that, again, you may have guessed if you’ve done some machine learning). the style one is beautifully sneaky; it’s a measure of the difference in correlation between activations across channels. what does that mean in english? well, let’s look at the van gogh painting, above. if an edge detector is firing (a boundary between colors), then a swirliness detector is probably also firing, because all the lines are curves — that’s characteristic of van gogh’s style in this painting. on the other hand, if a yellowness detector is firing, a blueness detector may or may not be (sometimes we have tight parallel yellow and blue lines, but sometimes yellow is in the middle of a large yellow region). style transfer posits that artistic style lies in the correlations between different features. see? sneaky. and elegant. finally, for the style-transferred output, you need to generate an image that does as well as possible on both cost functions simultaneously — getting as close to the content as it can without unduly sacrificing the style, and vice versa. as a side note, i think i now understand why deepdream is fixated on a really rather alarming number of eyes. since the layer choice is a hyperparameter, i hypothesize that choosing too deep a layer — one that’s started to find complex features rather than mere textures and shapes — will communicate to the system, yes, what i truly want is for you to paint this image as if those complex features are matters of genuine stylistic significance. and, of course, eyes are simple enough shapes to be recognized relatively early (not very different from concentric circles), yet ubiquitous in image data sets. so…this is what you wanted, right? the eager robot helpfully offers. https://www.ucreative.com/inspiration/google-deep-dream-is-the-trippiest-thing-in-the-internet/ i’m going to have fun figuring out what the right layer hyperparameter is for the coursera assignment, but i’m going to have so much more fun figuring out the wrong ones. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			leave a comment 			 									december , december , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols. 			 	 		 in , i trained a neural net on ~ k graduate theses using the doc vec algorithm, in hopes that doing so would provide a backend that could support novel and delightful discovery mechanisms for unique library content. the result, hamlet, worked better than i hoped; it not only pulls together related works from different departments (thus enabling discovery that can’t be supported with existing metadata), but it does a spirited job on documents whose topics are poorly represented in my initial data set (e.g. when given a fiction sample it finds theses from programs like media studies, even though there are few humanities theses in the data set). that said, there are a bunch of exploratory tools i’ve had in my head ever since that i’ve not gotten around to implementing. but here, in the spirit of tossing out things that don’t bring me joy (like ) and keeping those that do, i’m gonna make some data viz! there are only two challenges with this: 	by default doc vec embeds content in a -dimensional space, which is kind of hard to visualize. i need to project that down to or dimensions. i don’t actually know anything about dimensionality reduction techniques, other than that they exist. 	i also don’t know know javascript much beyond a copy-paste level. i definitely don’t know d , or indeed the pros and cons of various visualization libraries. also art. or, like, all that stuff in tufte’s book, which i bounced off of. (but aside from that, mr. lincoln, how was the play?) i decided i should start with the pages that display the theses most similar to a given thesis (shout-out to jeremy brown, startup founder par excellence) rather than with my ideas for visualizing the whole collection, because i’ll only need to plot ten or so points instead of k. this will make it easier for me to tell visually if i’m on the right track and should let me skip dealing with performance issues for now. on the down side, it means i may need to throw out any code i write at this stage when i’m working on the next one. 🤷‍♀️ and i now have a visualization on localhost! which you can’t see because i don’t trust it yet. but here are the problems i’ve solved thus far: 	it’s hard to copy-paste d examples on the internet. d ’s been around for long enough there’s substantial content about different versions, so you have to double-check. but also most of the examples are live code notebooks on observable, which is a wicked cool service but not the same environment as a web page! if you just copy-paste from there you will have things that don’t work due to invisible environment differences and then you will be sad. 😢 i got tipped off to this by mollie marie pettit’s great your first d scatterplot notebook, which both names the phenomenon and provides two versions of the code (the live-editable version and the one you can actually copy/paste into your editor). 	if you start googling for dimensionality reduction techniques you will mostly find people saying “use t-sne”, but t-sne is a lying liar who lies. mind you, it’s what i’m using right now because it’s so well-documented it was the easiest thing to set up. (this is why i said above that i don’t trust my viz.) but it produces different results for the same data on different pageloads (obviously different, so no one looking at the page will trust it either), and it’s not doing a good job preserving the distances i care about. (i accept that anything projecting from d down to d will need to distort distances, but i want to adequately preserve meaning — i want the visualization to not just look pretty but to give people an intellectually honest insight into the data — and i’m not there yet.) conveniently this is not my first time at the software engineering rodeo, so i encapsulated my dimensionality reduction strategy inside a function, and i can swap it out for whatever i like without needing to rewrite the d as long as i return the same data structure. so that’s my next goal — try out umap (hat tip to matt miller for suggesting that to me), try out pca, fiddle some parameters, try feeding it just the data i want to visualize vs larger neighborhoods, see if i’m happier with what i get. umap in particular alleges itself to be fast with large data sets, so if i can get it working here i should be able to leverage that knowledge for my ideas for visualizing the whole thing. onward, upward, et cetera. 🎉 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comment 			 									november , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			ai in the library, round one 			 	 		the san josé state university school of information wanted to have a half-course on artificial intelligence in their portfolio, and asked me to develop and teach it. (thanks!) so i got a blank canvas on which to paint eight weeks of…whatever you might want graduate students in library & information science students to know about ai. for those of you who just want the reading list, here you go. for those of you who thought about the second-to-last sentence: ahahaha. this is fine. this is of course the problem of all teachers — too much material, too little time — and in an ischool it’s further complicated because, while many students have technological interests and expertise, few have programming skills and even fewer have mathematical backgrounds, so this course can’t be “intro to programming neural nets”. i can gesture in the direction of linear algebra and high-dimensional spaces, but i have to translate it all into human english first. but further, even if i were to do that, it wouldn’t be the right course! as future librarians, very few of my students will be programming neural nets. they are much more likely to be helping students find sources for papers, or helping researchers find or manage data sets, or supporting professors who are developing classes, helping patrons make sense of issues in the news, and evaluating vendor pitches about ai products. which means i don’t need people who can write neural net code; i need people who understand the basics of how machine learning operates, who can do some critical analysis, situate it in its social context. people who know some things about what data is good for, how it’s hard, where to find it. people who know at least the general direction in which they might find news articles and papers and conferences that their patrons will care about. people who won’t be too dazzled by product hype and can ask pointed questions about how products really work, and whether they respect library values. and, while we’re at it, people who have some sense of what ai can do, not just theoretically, but concretely in real-world library settings. eight weeks: go! what i ended up doing was -week modules, with a rough alternation of theory and library case studies, and a pretty wild mix of readings: conference presentations, scholarly papers from a variety of disciplines, hilarious computational misadventures, news articles, data visualizations. i mostly kept a lid on the really technical stuff in the required readings, but tossed a lot of it into optional readings, so that students with that background or interest could pull on those threads. (and heavily annotated the optional readings, to give people a sense of what might interest them; i’d like to say this is why surprisingly many of my students did some optional reading, but actually they’re just awesome.) for case studies, we looked at the northern illinois university dime novels collection experiments; metadata enrichment in the charles teenie harris archive; my own work with hamlet; and the university of rhode island ai lab. this let us hit a gratifyingly wide variety of machine learning techniques, use cases (metadata, discovery, public services), and settings (libraries, archives). do i have a couple of pages of things to change up next time i teach the class (this fall)? of course i do. but i think it went well for a first-time class (particularly for a first-time class in the middle of a global catastrophe…) big ups to the following: 	matthew short of niu and bohyun kim of uri, for guest speaking; 	everyone at sjsu who worked on their “how to teach online” materials, especially debbie faires — their onboarding did a good job of conveying sjsu-specific expectations and building a toolkit for teaching specifically online in a way that was useful to me as someone with a lot of offline teaching experience; 	zeynep tufecki, momin malik, catherine d’ignazio, who suggested readings that i ended up assigning; 	and my students, who are about to get a paragraph. my students. look. you signed up to take a class online — it’s an all-online program — but none of you signed up to do it while being furloughed, while homeschooling, while being sick with a scary new virus. and you knocked it out of the park. week after week, asking for the smallest of extensions to hold it all together, breaking my heart in private messages, while publicly writing thoughtful, well-researched, footnoted discussion posts. while not only doing even the optional readings, but finding astonishment and joy in them. while piecing together the big ideas about data and bias and fairness and the genuine alienness of machine intelligence. i know for certain, not as an article of faith but as a statement of fact, that i will keep seeing your names out there, that your careers will go places, and i hope i am lucky enough to meet you in person someday. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comments 			 									may , may , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			adventures with parsing django uploaded csv files in python 			 	 		let’s say you’re having problems parsing a csv file, represented as an inmemoryuploadedfile, that you’ve just uploaded through a django form. there are a bunch of answers on stackoverflow! they all totally work with python ! …and lead to hours of frustration if, say, hypothetically, like me, you’re using python . if you are getting errors like _csv.error: iterator should return strings, not bytes (did you open the file in text mode?) — and then getting different errors about dictreader not getting an expected iterator after you use .decode('utf- ') to coerce your file to str — this is the post for you. it turns out all you need to do (e.g. in your form_valid) is: csv_file.seek( ) csv.dictreader(io.stringio(csv_file.read().decode('utf- '))) what’s going on here? the seek statement ensures the pointer is at the beginning of the file. this may or may not be required in your case. in my case, i’d already read the file in my forms.py in order to validate it, so my file pointer was at the end. you’ll be able to tell that you need to seek() if your csv.dictreader() doesn’t throw any errors, but when you try to loop over the lines of the file you don’t even enter the for loop (e.g. print() statements you put in it never print) — there’s nothing left to loop over if you’re at the end of the file. read() gives you the file contents as a bytes object, on which you can call decode(). decode('utf- ') turns your bytes into a string, with known encoding. (make sure that you know how your csv is encoded to start with, though! that’s why i was doing validation on it myself. unicode, dammit is going to be my friend here. even if i didn’t want an excuse to use it because of its title alone. which i do.) io.stringio() gives you the iterator that dictreader needs, while ensuring that your content remains stringy. tl;dr i wrote two lines of code (but eight lines of comments) for a problem that took me hours to solve. hopefully now you can copy these lines, and spend only a few minutes solving this problem! 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comments 			 									april , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			my statement at the ala midwinter town hall 			 	 		(american libraries has helpfully provided an unedited transcript of the ala council town hall meeting this past midwinter, which lets me turn my remarks there into a blog post here. you can also watch the video; i start around : . i encourage you to read or watch the whole thing, though; it’s interesting throughout with a variety of viewpoints represented. i am also extremely gratified by this press release, issued after the town hall, which speaks to these issues.) as i was looking at the statements that came out at ala after the election, i found that they had a lot to say about funding, and that’s important because that’s how we pay our people and collect materials and keep the lights on. but my concern was that they seemed to talk only about funding, and i found myself wondering — if they come for copyright, will we say that’s okay as long as we’ve been bought off? if they come for net neutrality, will we say that’s okay, as long as we’ve been bought off? when they come for the neh and the nea, the artists who make the content that we collect and preserve, are we going to say that’s okay, as long as we get bought off? when they come for free speech — and five bills were introduced in five states just, i think, on friday, to criminalize protest — will we say that’s okay, as long as we’ve been bought off? i look at how people i know react and the past actions of the current administration. the fact that every trans person i know was in a panic to get their documents in order before last friday because they don’t think they will be able to in the next four years. the fact that we have a president who will mock disabled people just because they are disabled and disagreeing with him. the fact that we have a literal white supremacist in the white house who co-wrote the inauguration speech. the fact that one of the architects of gamergate, which has been harassing women in technology for years, is now a white house staffer. the fact that we have many high-level people in the administration who support conversion therapy, which drives gay and lesbian teenagers to suicide at unbelievable rates. trans people and people of color and disabled people and women and gays and lesbians are us, they are our staff, they are our patrons. funding matters, but so do our values, and so do our people. funding is important, but so is our soul. and when i look at our messaging, i wonder, do we have a soul? can it be bought? or are there lines we do not cross? thank you. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			leave a comment 			 									february , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			the highest level of service 			 	 		i. we provide the highest level of service to all library users… ala code of ethics that’s what public libraries do, right? provide service to everyone, respectfully and professionally — and without conditioning that respect on checking your papers. if you walk through those doors, you’re welcome here. when you’re standing in the international arrivals area at logan, you’re in a waiting area between a pair of large double doors, exiting from customs, and then the doors to the outside world. we stood in a crowd of hundreds, chanting “let them in!” sometimes, some mysterious number of minutes after a flight arrival, the doors would open, and tired people and their luggage pour through, from zurich, port-au-prince, heathrow, anywhere. and the code of ethics ran through my head because that’s what we were chanting, wasn’t it? that anyone who walks through those doors is welcome here. let them in. library values are american values. and if you have a stake in america, don’t let anyone build an america that’s less than what we as a profession stand for. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comments 			 									january , january , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			leia: a montage about heroism 			 	 		montage – ext. hangar – remote planet – day: leia gestures to a document in her other hand. “there’s still fighters that haven’t had their c checks, and we need them ready to scramble by sunday. i can count on you to make that deadline, right?” the chief mechanic nods smartly. – int. starship – ops deck: leia puts a hand on a young pilot’s shoulder; the pilot looks up nervously. “first shift on the big ship, lieutenant bey? it’s great to see you here. i knew you’d qualify.” bey smiles and looks back confidently at her console. – int. barracks – leia’s room – midnight: leia taps a hand terminal. there are new messages. subject lines scroll past — “quartermaster’s january report”; “re: overdue corellian inventory”; “schedule for meeting with new eva suit supplier”. she sighs, drinks some tea, and taps the first message. it’s not light sabers, is it? it’s grueling and dull, decades of small things. it films poorly. and it’s why the rebellion exists at all. luke is the cinematic hero because he has magic powers that you either have or you don’t (and we don’t). leia in another timeline might have had them too but hers instead is the heroism anyone can choose — responsibility, tenaciousness, care — anyone can, but often we don’t, and somehow without a flashy magical montage it seems less heroic. how much better the world would be if we were all leia, though. or — maybe we can’t. as the whole internet has pointed out lately, leia’s the woman who consoles luke for losing her mentor after her whole world has burned. in the original series i think, in fact, she shows the most distress when luke on endor has revealed to her the truth about their parentage, when han walks into that and wonders why she’s treating him that way; her feelings matter to cinematography when they illustrate someone else’s story. luke and obi-wan can abandon the galaxy for hidden places when one student going wrong provokes feelings too strong to bear; whatever feelings leia has about alderaan and everything else are not enough to stop her from decades, decades, decades of unglamorous work. maybe we can’t all choose that; maybe leia gets to be the powerhouse she is because her inner life, her reactions to the world around her, do not matter to the narrative, can be treated as if they don’t have effects. we see the profundity of luke’s and obi-wan’s losses in their withdrawal from the world; leia’s are both greater still, and not painful enough to keep her from processing new emails, every day, for the rest of her life. she gets to be an astonishing hero, in so many ways too-little-celebrated by the narrative, because maybe she isn’t a person, doesn’t react the way people do, doesn’t get to claim the meaning of her own inner life as relevant in its own right. i’d urge you all to choose to be leias if i thought it fair. i am not sure it is plausible, in this galaxy right now, where we all have inner lives and centrality to our own stories. and yet here we are, with far more emails than lightsabers. perhaps i’ll ask instead — look for the leias. the people all around who may not have montages, but who strengthen people, who make the supply lines work, who follow up. they are indeed magic. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			leave a comment 			 									january , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			locating my ala in  			 	 		i’ve been reading discussion on ala council, twitter, and blogs following recent ala press releases and statements from the committee on legislation and the washington office, wondering where to locate my ala, and where to locate myself within it as a member leader. the question i keep coming back to is: where are our lines? ala’s communications have focused on the importance of securing funding for libraries over the next four years. and this is important; for both practical and philosophical reasons, libraries have to pay their people and keep the lights on. i hope ala’s washington office lobbies hard for library funding. and yet… if law enforcement shows up and says, we want all your circulation records, to go on a fishing expedition for who’s reading the “wrong” books, do we say, sod off; come back with a warrant, or not at all? if homeland security shows up and says, we’d like your organization-of-information expertise updating the muslim registry for the present day, do we say, never again? if the horse-traders show up and say, nice imls funding you’ve got there, shame if something happened to it, have you considered dropping your support for strong encryption, do we say, the ala code of ethics binds us to protect patron privacy and that is a line we cannot cross? do we? it seems almost unthinkable that we would not, and yet, that is what’s missing in ala’s recent communication: the notion that there are lines, that these lines matter for our patrons and our consciences. librarians are among the most trusted professions, but we didn’t get there by being conciliatory. our historical heroes include the connecticut four, judith krug, zoia horn, all the way back to hypatia of alexandria. we are, at our best, people who draw lines. what are our lines? what are yours? write them down. hold them. 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comment 			 									december , 							 					 		 			 				 			 			an open letter to heather bresch 			 	 		dear heather bresch, you lived in morgantown. i did, too: born and raised. my parents are retired from the university you attended. my elementary school took field trips to mylan labs. they were shining, optimistic. you’re from west virginia. i am, too. this means we both know something of the coal industry that has both sustained and destroyed our home. you know, as i do, how many miners have been killed in explosions: trapped underground when a pocket of methane ignites. we both know that miners long carried safety lamps: carefully shielded but raw flames that would go out when the oxygen went too low, a warning to get away — if they had not first exploded, as open flames around methane do. perhaps you know, as i only recently learned, that miners were once required to buy their own safety lamps: so when safer ones came out, ones that would only warn without killing you first, miners did not carry them. they couldn’t afford to. they set probability against their lives, went without the right equipment, and sometimes lost, and died. i’m a mother. you are, too. i don’t know if your children carry medication for life-threatening illnesses; i hope you have not had to face that. i have. in our case it’s asthma, not allergies, and an inhaler, not an epi-pen. it’s a $ copay with our insurance and lasts for dozens of doses. it doesn’t stop asthma attacks once they start — my daughter’s asthma is too severe for that — but sometimes it prevents them. and when it does not, it still helps: we spend two days in the hospital instead of five; we don’t go to the icu. (have you ever been with your child in a pediatric icu? it is the most miraculous, and the worst, place on earth.) most families can find their way to twenty dollars. many cannot find six hundred. they’ll go without, and set probability against their children’s lives. rich children will live; poor children will sometimes lose, and die. i ask you to reconsider. sincerely, andromeda yelton 	 	 		 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 comments 			 									august , 							 					 		 			 			 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 		 		 	 		 		 						 				blog at wordpress.com. 				 							 		 	 		 		 	 		 	 		 		 		 					 	 	 		 			add your thoughts here... (optional) 			 			post to 			 			 				cancel 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 					 		 	 	 		 		privacy & cookies: this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. to find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: 				 			cookie policy		 				 		 of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer – andromeda yelton 	skip to content 	 		 			 				 					 											 							 						 													andromeda yelton 										 				 									 						menu					 				 			 		 	 				 				home 	about 	contact 	resume 	hamlet 	lita 	talks 	machine learning (ala midwinter ) 	boston python meetup (august , ) 	swib 	libtechconf 	code lib keynote 	texas library association 	online northwest : five conversations about code 	new jersey esummit (may , ) 	westchester library association (january , ) 	bridging the digital divide with mobile services (webjunction, july ) 		 	 	 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 			 			of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 				 			 				andromeda			 							 					uncategorized				 			 			 			 				december , december , 			 					 	 	 		 skipped fridai blogging last week because of thanksgiving, but let’s get back on it! top-of-mind today are the firing of ai queen timnit gebru (letter of support here) and a couple of grant applications that i’m actually eligible for (this is rare for me! i typically need things for which i can apply in my individual capacity, so it’s always heartening when they exist — wish me luck). but for blogging today, i’m gonna talk about neural style transfer, because it’s cool as hell. i started my ml-learning journey on coursera’s intro ml class and have been continuing with their deeplearning.ai sequence; i’m on course of there, so i’ve just gotten to neural style transfer. this is the thing where a neural net outputs the content of one picture in the style of another: via https://medium.com/@build_it_for_fun/neural-style-transfer-with-swift-for-tensorflow-b b . ok, so! let me explain while it’s still fresh. if you have a neural net trained on images, it turns out that each layer is responsible for recognizing different, and progressively more complicated, things. the specifics vary by neural net and data set, but you might find that the first layer gets excited about straight lines and colors; the second about curves and simple textures (like stripes) that can be readily composed from straight lines; the third about complex textures and simple objects (e.g. wheels, which are honestly just fancy circles); and so on, until the final layers recognize complex whole objects. you can interrogate this by feeding different images into the neural net and seeing which ones trigger the highest activation in different neurons. below, each × grid represents the most exciting images for a particular neuron. you can see that in this network, there are layer neurons excited about colors (green, orange), and about lines of particular angles that form boundaries between dark and colored space. in layer , these get built together like tiny image legos; now we have neurons excited about simple textures such as vertical stripes, concentric circles, and right angles. via https://adeshpande .github.io/the- -deep-learning-papers-you-need-to-know-about.html, originally from zeller & fergus, visualizing and understanding convolutional networks so how do we get from here to neural style transfer? we need to extract information about the content of one image, and the style of another, in order to make a third image that approximates both of them. as you already expect if you have done a little machine learning, that means that we need to write cost functions that mean “how close is this image to the desired content?” and “how close is this image to the desired style?” and then there’s a wrinkle that i haven’t fully understood, which is that we don’t actually evaluate these cost functions (necessarily) against the outputs of the neural net; we actually compare the activations of the neurons, as they react to different images — and not necessarily from the final layer! in fact, choice of layer is a hyperparameter we can vary (i super look forward to playing with this on the coursera assignment and thereby getting some intuition). so how do we write those cost functions? the content one is straightforward: if two images have the same content, they should yield the same activations. the greater the differences, the greater the cost (specifically via a squared error function that, again, you may have guessed if you’ve done some machine learning). the style one is beautifully sneaky; it’s a measure of the difference in correlation between activations across channels. what does that mean in english? well, let’s look at the van gogh painting, above. if an edge detector is firing (a boundary between colors), then a swirliness detector is probably also firing, because all the lines are curves — that’s characteristic of van gogh’s style in this painting. on the other hand, if a yellowness detector is firing, a blueness detector may or may not be (sometimes we have tight parallel yellow and blue lines, but sometimes yellow is in the middle of a large yellow region). style transfer posits that artistic style lies in the correlations between different features. see? sneaky. and elegant. finally, for the style-transferred output, you need to generate an image that does as well as possible on both cost functions simultaneously — getting as close to the content as it can without unduly sacrificing the style, and vice versa. as a side note, i think i now understand why deepdream is fixated on a really rather alarming number of eyes. since the layer choice is a hyperparameter, i hypothesize that choosing too deep a layer — one that’s started to find complex features rather than mere textures and shapes — will communicate to the system, yes, what i truly want is for you to paint this image as if those complex features are matters of genuine stylistic significance. and, of course, eyes are simple enough shapes to be recognized relatively early (not very different from concentric circles), yet ubiquitous in image data sets. so…this is what you wanted, right? the eager robot helpfully offers. https://www.ucreative.com/inspiration/google-deep-dream-is-the-trippiest-thing-in-the-internet/ i’m going to have fun figuring out what the right layer hyperparameter is for the coursera assignment, but i’m going to have so much more fun figuring out the wrong ones. 			 			 			share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 like this: like loading... 	 	 			tagged 	convnets 	fridai 	neural style transfer 	 	 			 				 					 		 		 			published by andromeda 		 		 			romantic analytical technologist librarian.			 				view all posts by andromeda			 		 	 		 			published 			december , december , 		 	 			 	 		post navigation 		previous post let’s visualize some hamlet data! or, d and t-sne for the lols. next post though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. 	 			 	 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply 	enter your comment here... 	 	 		fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: 			 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 					email (required) (address never made public) 					 				 				 					name (required) 					 				 				 					website 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 				 				 						 			 			you are commenting using your wordpress.com account.			 				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( log out /  				change ) 			 			 		 					 	 		 	 	 		cancel 		connecting to %s 	 	 notify me of new comments via email. notify me of new posts via email. 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 						 				create a free website or blog at wordpress.com. 				 							 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 		 		 		 					 	 	 				 	 		 		privacy & cookies: this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. to find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: 				 			cookie policy		 		 		%d bloggers like this: statement from ciso corey roach | @theu 	 menu search campus search site search campus main menu 	home 	for media 	media contacts 	news releases 	contact 	article submissions 	campus-wide emails & email marketing 	categories 	latest 	all categories 	arts & humanities 	athletics 	business 	campus life 	covid- 	equity & diversity 	health & medicine 	humans of the u 	law & politics 	research 	safety 	science & technology 	sustainability 	university statements 	announcements 	events 	research resources 	community 	community 	community forum newsletter 	construction & commuter updates 	in brief 	in the news 	about the u accessibility menu jump to: select section site navigation search this site search university of utah main content footer more pages: select page home for media media contacts news releases contact article submissions campus-wide emails & email marketing categories latest all categories arts & humanities athletics business campus life covid- equity & diversity health & medicine humans of the u law & politics research safety science & technology sustainability university statements announcements events research resources community community community forum newsletter construction & commuter updates in brief in the news about the u accessibility help press ctrl + / to access this menu. the university of utah @theu 	 		 			 				 				 				 	 			 	 		 	 	 			statement from ciso corey roach				 			 			 			 				 				 					university communications				 				 					november , 				 				 					 				 			 			 					 	 	 		i support all individuals’ right to privacy. my presentation at the october scholarly networks security initiative (snsi) webinar in no way advocated for the use of spyware or the violation of user privacy. my presentation encouraged publishers to modernize their content distribution by utilizing user behavior analysis (uba) to determine if material is being accessed by a ‘bot’ attempting to steal content. uba does not violate user privacy, but instead uses metrics such as how quickly a user types or how randomly they move their mouse to tell if the user is a human or a computer. furthermore, i advocated for any logs or analyses to be retained by libraries rather than publishers. libraries have long been the stewards of patron privacy. corey roach chief information security officer the university of utah 		 			 	 	 			 			 				related posts 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 	 				 announcements 			 september , 				 	 			 				 				 				 				 	 				 data security hygiene 			 august , 				 	 			 				 		 	 	 					 							 			 		 	 	 	 		 			 					 						quick links 					@theu 	home 	faculty/staff 	students 	events 	archives 	related links 	unews 	calendar of events 	social stream 					 					 						 							 								 																	 								 								 										 	 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 instagram 								 							 						 						 							 								 								 presidents circle slc ut . . 								 								 									© the university of utah 								 							 						 					 			 			 				 						privacy policy | disclaimer | nondiscrimination & accessibility 				 			 							 				 acrl techconnect acrl techconnect 	broken links in the discovery layer—pt. ii: towards an ethnography of broken links this post continues where my last one left off, investigating broken links in our discovery layer. be forewarned—most of it will be a long, dry list of all the mundane horrors of librarianship. metadata mismatches, ezproxy errors, and openurl resolvers, oh my! what does it mean when we say a link is broken? the simplest &# ; continue reading "broken links in the discovery layer—pt. ii: towards an ethnography of broken links" 	broken links in the discovery layer—pt. i: researching a problem like many administrators of discovery layers, i&# ;m constantly baffled and frustrated when users can&# ;t access full text results from their searches. after implementing summon, we heard a few reports of problems and gradually our librarians started to stumble across them on their own. at first, we had no formal system for tracking these errors. eventually, &# ; continue reading "broken links in the discovery layer—pt. i: researching a problem" 	orcid for system interoperability in scholarly communication workflows what is orcid? if you work in an academic library or otherwise provide support for research and scholarly communication, you have probably heard of orcid (open contributor &# ; researcher identifier) in terms of “orcid id,” a unique -digit identifier that represents an individual in order to mitigate name ambiguity. the orcid id number is presented &# ; continue reading "orcid for system interoperability in scholarly communication workflows" 	creating presentations with beautiful.ai updated - - at : pm with accessibility information. beautiful.ai is a new website that enables users to create dynamic presentations quickly and easily with “smart templates” and other design optimized features. so far the service is free with a paid pro tier coming soon. i first heard about beautiful.ai in an advertisement on npr and was &# ; continue reading "creating presentations with beautiful.ai" 	national forum on web privacy and web analytics we had the fantastic experience of participating in the national forum on web privacy and web analytics in bozeman, montana last month. this event brought together around forty people from different areas and types of libraries to do in-depth discussion and planning about privacy issues in libraries. our hosts from montana state university, scott young, &# ; continue reading "national forum on web privacy and web analytics" 	the ex libris knowledge center and orangewashing two days after proquest completed their acquisition of ex libris in december , ex libris announced the launch of their new online customer knowledge center. in the press release for the knowledge center, the company describes it as “a single gateway to all ex libris knowledge resources,” including training materials, release notes, and product manuals. &# ; continue reading "the ex libris knowledge center and orangewashing" 	managing ils updates we&# ;ve done a few screencasts in the past here at techconnect and i wanted to make a new one to cover a topic that&# ;s come up this summer: managing ils updates. integrated library systems are huge, unwieldy pieces of software and it can be difficult to track what changes with each update: new settings are &# ; continue reading "managing ils updates" 	blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases blockchain holds a great potential for both innovation and disruption. the adoption of blockchain also poses certain risks, and those risks will need to be addressed and mitigated before blockchain becomes mainstream. a lot of people have heard of blockchain at this point. but many are unfamiliar with how this new technology exactly works and &# ; continue reading "blockchain: merits, issues, and suggestions for compelling use cases" 	introducing our new best friend, gdpr you&# ;ve seen the letters gdpr in every single email you&# ;ve gotten from a vendor or a mailing list lately, but you might not be exactly sure what it is. with gdpr enforcement starting on may , it&# ;s time for a crash course in what gdpr is, and why it could be your new best friend &# ; continue reading "introducing our new best friend, gdpr" 	names are hard a while ago i stumbled onto the post &# ;falsehoods programmers believe about names&# ; and was stunned. personal names are one of the most deceptively difficult forms of data to work with and this article touched on so many common but unaddressed problems. assumptions like &# ;people have exactly one canonical name&# ; and &# ;my system will never &# ; continue reading "names are hard" help others pronounce your name correctly | official linkedin blog linkedin official blog official blog 	 menu 	 recent posts 	 topics 	 search... clear search input cancel dismiss this message help others pronounce your name correctly joseph akoni july , 	 	 	 share ever seen someone's name in writing and find yourself not totally sure how to pronounce it correctly? correct pronunciation is not just a common courtesy -- it’s an important part of making a good first impression and creating an inclusive workplace. that’s why we decided to provide a feature that gives you the option to share how to pronounce your name. starting this week we are adding an audio recording feature to your profile so you’ll have the ability to create a recording of your name pronunciation, which will then be clickable on your profile. once you add a recording, other members visiting your profile can quickly listen to the recording to better understand your pronunciation preference and, subsequently, ensure they can correctly say your name. you can also listen to other members’ pronunciations by visiting their profiles when they have added a recording. step by step instructions can be found in our help center on how to add this recording to your profile. note, adding a name pronunciation is limited to mobile (android and ios). playback of name pronunciation is available on all platforms (web, android, and ios). we are currently rolling this optional feature out to all members globally over this next month, and we’re hoping this will create a more positive experience for everyone. we encourage you to add a recording of your name to your profile today! topics 	 product news 	 related story virtual networking just got easier 	 related story how linkedin is helping millions of people get back to work 	back to top 	linkedin.com 	 	email subscription 	 recent posts 	 topics 	 linkedin corporation © 	careers 	about 	cookie 	privacy 	user agreement 	accessibility 	 	 linkedin 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 facebook 	 slideshare 	 flickr 	 rss dismiss none user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay | disruptive library technology jester skip links 	skip to primary navigation 	skip to content 	skip to footer disruptive library technology jester 	 about 	 resume toggle search toggle menu peter murray library technologist, open source advocate, striving to think globally while acting locally follow 	 columbus, ohio 	email 	twitter 	keybase 	github 	linkedin 	stackoverflow 	orcid 	 email user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay posted on november , and updated on november ,     minute read earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure. what had riled up the people i follow on twitter was the first presentation: “security collaboration for library resource access” by cory roach, the chief information security officer at the university of utah. many of the tweets and articles linked in tweets were about a proposal for a new round of privacy-invading technology coming from content providers as a condition of libraries subscribing to publisher content. one of the voices that i trust was urging caution: i highly recommend you listen to the talk, which was given by a university cio, and judge if this is a correct representation. fwiw, i attended the event and it is not what i took away. — lisa janicke hinchliffe (@lisalibrarian) november , as near as i can tell, much of the debate traces back to this article: scientific publishers propose installing spyware in university libraries to protect copyrights - coda story https://t.co/rtcokiukbf — open access tracking project (@oatp) november , the article describes cory’s presentation this way: one speaker proposed a novel tactic publishers could take to protect their intellectual property rights against data theft: introducing spyware into the proxy servers academic libraries use to allow access to their online services, such as publishers’ databases. the “spyware” moniker is quite scary. it is what made me want to seek out the recording from the webinar and hear the context around that proposal. my understanding (after watching the presentation) is that the proposal is not nearly as concerning. although there is one problematic area—the correlation of patron identity with requested urls—overall, what is described is a sound and common practice for securing web applications. to the extent that it is necessary to determine a user’s identity before allowing access to licensed content (an unfortunate necessity because of the state of scholarly publishing), this is an acceptable proposal. (through the university communications office, corey published a statement about the reaction to his talk.) in case you didn’t know, a web proxy server ensures the patron is part of the community of licensed users, and the publisher trusts requests that come through the web proxy server. the point of cory’s presentation is that the username/password checking at the web proxy server is a weak form of access control that is subject to four problems: 	phishing (sending email to tricking a user into giving up their username/password) 	social engineering (non-email ways of tricking a user into giving up their username/password) 	credential reuse (systems that are vulnerable because the user used the same password in more than one place) 	hactivism (users that intentionally give out their username/password so others can access resources) right after listing these four problems, cory says: “but anyway we look at it, we can safely say that this is primarily a people problem and the technology alone is not going to solve that problem. technology can help us take reasonable precautions… so long as the business model involves allowing access to the data that we’re providing and also trying to protect that same data, we’re unlikely to stop theft entirely.” his proposal is to place “reasonable precautions” in the web proxy server as it relates to the campus identity management system. this is a slide from his presentation: slide from presentation by cory roach i find this layout (and lack of labels) somewhat confusing, so i re-imagined the diagram as this: revised 'modern library design' the core of cory’s presentation is to add predictive analytics and per-user blocking automation to the analysis of the log files from the web proxy server and the identity management server. by doing so, the university can react quicker to compromised usernames and passwords. in fact, it could probably do so more quicker than the publisher could do with its own log analysis and reporting back to the university. where cory runs into trouble is this slide: slide from presentation by cory roach in this part of the presentation, cory describes the kinds of patron-identifying data that the university could-or-would collect and analyze to further the security effort. in search engine optimization, these sorts of data points are called “signals” and are used to improve the relevance of search results; perhaps there is an equivalent term in access control technology. but for now, i’ll just call them “signals”. there are some problems in gathering these signals—most notably the correlation between user identity and “urls requested”. in the presentation, he says: “you can also move over to behavioral stuff. so it could be, you know, why is a pharmacy major suddenly looking up a lot of material on astrophysics or why is a medical professional and a hospital suddenly interested in internal combustion. things that just don’t line up and we can identify fishy behavior.” it is core to the library ethos that we make our best effort to not track what a user is interested in—to not build a profile of a user’s research unless they have explicitly opted into such data collection. as librarians, we need to gracefully describe this professional ethos and work that into the design of the systems used on campus (and at the publishers). still, there is much to be said for using some of the other signals to analyze whether a particular request is from an authorized community member. for instance, cory says: “we commonly see this user coming in from the us and today it’s coming in from botswana. you know, has there been enough time that they could have traveled from the us to botswana and actually be there? have they ever access resources from that country before is there residents on record in that country?” the best part of what cory is proposing is that the signals’ storage and processing is at the university and not at the publisher. i’m not sure if cory knew this, but a recent version of ezproxy added a usagelimit directive that builds in some of these capabilities. it can set per-user limits based on the number of page requests or the amount of downloaded information over a specified interval. one wonders if somewhere in oclc’s development queue is the ability to detect ip addresses from multiple networks (geographic detection) and browser differences across a specified interval. still, pushing this up to the university’s identity provider allows for a campus-wide view of the signals…not just the ones coming through the library. also, in designing the system, there needs to be clarity about how the signals are analyzed and used. i think cory knew this as well: “we do have to be careful about not building bias into the algorithms.” yeah, the need for this technology sucks. although it was the tweet to the coda story about the presentation that blew up, the thread of the story goes through techdirt to a tangential paragraph from netzpolitik in an article about germany’s licensing struggle with elsevier. with this heritage, any review of the webinar’s ideas are automatically tainted by the disdain the library community in general has towards elsevier. it is reality—an unfortunate reality, in my opinion—that the traditional scholarly journal model has publishers exerting strong copyright protection on research and ideas behind paywalls. (wouldn’t it be better if we poured the anti-piracy effort into improving scholarly communication tools in an open access world? yes, but that isn’t the world we live in.) almost every library deals with this friction by employing a web proxy server as an agent between the patron and the publisher’s content. the netzpolitik article says: …but relies on spyware in the fight against „cybercrime“ of course, sci-hub and other shadow libraries are a thorn in elsevier’s side. since they have existed, libraries at universities and research institutions have been much less susceptible to blackmail. their staff can continue their research even without a contract with elsevier. instead of offering transparent open access contracts with fair conditions, however, elsevier has adopted a different strategy in the fight against shadow libraries. these are to be fought as „cybercrime“, if necessary also with technological means. within the framework of the „scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)“, which was founded together with other large publishers, elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled „cybersecurity landscape – protecting the scholarly infrastructure“*, hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data („develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies“). with the help of an „analysis engine“, not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used—if not primarily—against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub. the other commentary that i saw was along similar lines: 	 	[is the snsi the new prism?	bjoern.brembs.blog](http://bjoern.brembs.net/ / /is-the-snsi-the-new-prism/) 	 	[academics band together with publishers because access to research is a cybercrime	chorasimilarity](https://chorasimilarity.wordpress.com/ / / /academics-band-together-with-publishers-because-access-to-research-is-a-cybercrime/) 	 	[whois behind snsi & getftr?	motley marginalia](https://csulb.edu/~ggardner/ / / /snsi-getftr/) let’s face it: any friction beyond follow-link-to-see-pdf is more friction than a researcher deserves. i doubt we would design a scholarly communication system this way were we to start from scratch. but the system is built on centuries of evolving practice, organizations, and companies. it really would be a better world if we didn’t have to spend time and money on scholarly publisher paywalls. and i’m grateful for the open access efforts that are pivoting scholarly communications into an open-to-all paradigm. that doesn’t negate the need to provide better options for content that must exist behind a paywall. so what is this snsi thing? the webinar where cory presented was the first mention i’d seen of a new group called the scholarly networks security initiative (snsi). snsi is the latest in a series of publisher-driven initiatives to reduce the paywall’s friction for paying users or library patrons coming from licensing institutions. getftr (my thoughts) and seamless access (my thoughts). (disclosure: i’m serving on two working groups for seamless access that are focused on making it possible for libraries to sensibly and sanely integrate the goals of seamless access into campus technology and licensing contracts.) interestingly, while the seamless access initiative is driven by a desire to eliminate web proxy servers, this snsi presentation upgrades a library’s web proxy server and makes it a more central tool between the patron and the content. one might argue that all access on campus should come through the proxy server to benefit from this kind of access control approach. it kinda makes one wonder about the coordination of these efforts. still, snsi is on my radar now, and i think it will be interesting to see what the next events and publications are from this group. tags: getftr, seamlessaccess, snsi categories: raw technology twitter facebook linkedin previous next you may also enjoy as a cog in the election system: reflections on my role as a precinct election official minute read i may nod off several times in composing this post the day after election day. hopefully, in reading it, you won’t. it is a story about one corner of democ... running an all-online conference with zoom [post removed] less than minute read this is an article draft that was accidentally published. i hope to work on a final version soon. if you really want to see it, i saved a copy on the interne... with gratitude for the niso ann marie cunningham service award minute read during the inaugural niso plus meeting at the end of february, i was surprised and proud to receive the ann marie cunningham service award. todd carpenter, ... tethering a ubiquity network to a mobile hotspot minute read i saw it happen. the cable-chewing device the contractor in the neighbor’s back yard with the ditch witch trencher ... enter your search term... 	 twitter 	 github 	 feed © peter murray. powered by jekyll & minimal mistakes. search full-text within m+ books 	 		 		 	the open library blog 	a web page for every book 		 	skip to content 	 		about 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 				 					« star ratings are here! 					 					google summer of code » 					 				 					 				 				 					search full-text within m+ books 					 	by mek 	 | 	published: july , 	 				 					 					 						open library now lets you search inside the text contents of over m books! a full-text search for “thanks for all the fish” on openlibrary.org what’s full-text search? many book websites, like amazon and goodreads, give you the ability to search for books by title and author, but they don’t make it easy to find books based on their contents. this type of searching is called “full-text search”. try searching for “brewster kahle alexa internet” on goodreads or amazon: a search for “brewster kahle alexa internet” on goodreads a search for “brewster kahle alexa internet” on amazon books have you ever heard a quote and wished you could figure out which book it came from? open library full-text search gives readers the ability to locate books which reference any snippet of text like, “let every thing have its place“: a full-text search on openlibrary.org of “let every thing have its place” full-text search on archive.org i’ve been surprised to learn how many people didn’t know that archive.org has had full-text search for several years — and its really powerful! in , giovanni damiola (@giovannidamiola) led a major overhaul of internet archive’s full-text search system and unlocked the ability for users to perform full-text searches across almost m unique text documents — from patents, to yearbooks, to open-access research papers. how to activate full-text search mode on archive.org   full-text search of the quote “let every thing have its place” on archive.org open library full-text search when you search across m documents, it can be a challenge to find the one you’re looking for. one feature which open library has been missing is a way to limit internet archive’s full-text search to only include results from books on open library. so for the last two years, open library has patiently waited to take full advantage of full-text search for its users. earlier this week, gio released an improvement to our full-text search engine which lets us get around this historical limitation — and so we jumped on this opportunity to improve our search on openlibrary.org! with the help of razzi abuissa, open library volunteer, and mek, open library’s project lead, you can now search inside more than m open library books. try a full-text search thanks for all the fish! …wait, what book was that from again?   												 					 					 					 						this entry was posted in search. bookmark the permalink. both comments and trackbacks are currently closed. 					 					 				 		 			 				« star ratings are here! 				google summer of code » 			 								 				 	 					 					 										 												 					 											 					 						 comments 	 							 	 		 		 		 anton 		 			posted july , at : pm | permalink 		 			 			 		great! thanks a lot for making this happen. 		 		 		 						 			 	 	 		 		 		 kathleen gallagher 		 			posted august , at : am | permalink 		 			 			 		still enjoying the fish after all these years. one of the best books ever. compare to”the sirens of titan”. 		 		 		 						 			 	 	 		 		 		 jennifer omorodion 		 			posted august , at : pm | permalink 		 			 			 		interesting!!! beautiful organisation of the web. keep improving and creating these impressive user friendly atmosphere. 		 		 		 						 			 										 					 					 												 										 										 					 	 		 	 			 	 	 	 	 	 						 											 												 					 						 						one trackback 	 							 			by search full-text within m+ books | drweb's domain on august , at : pm 			 			 			 			 	 	 				[…] source: search full-text within m+ books […] 				 				 				 				 	 					 			 						 												 														 					 											 				 				 				 						 			 			 			 		 		 		 							 		 		 		 				search 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			theme customized from thematic theme framework. 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 data unbound data unbound helping organizations access and share data effectively. special focus on web apis for data integration. 	some of what i missed from the cmd-d automation conference the cmd-d&# ;masters of automation one-day conference in early august would have been right up my alley: it’ll be a full day of exploring the current state of automation technology on both apple platforms, sharing ideas and concepts, and showing what’s possible—all with the goal of inspiring and furthering development of your own automation projects. fortunately, [&# ;] 	fine-tuning a python wrapper for the hypothes.is web api and other #ianno followup in anticipation of #ianno hack day, i wrote about my plans for the event, one of which was to revisit my own python wrapper for the nascent hypothes.is web api. instead of spending much time on my own wrapper, i spent most of the day working with jon udell&# ;s wrapper for the api. i&# ;ve been [&# ;] 	revisiting hypothes.is at i annotate i&# ;m looking forward to hacking on web and epub annotation at the #ianno hack day. i won&# ;t be at the i annotate conference per se but will be curious to see what comes out of the annual conference. i continue to have high hopes for digital annotations, both on the web and in non-web [&# ;] 	my thoughts about fargo.io using fargo.io 	organizing your life with python: a submission for pycon ? i have penciled into my calendar a trip  to montreal to attend pycon .   in my moments of suboptimal planning, i wrote an overly ambitious abstract for a talk or poster session i was planning to submit.  as i sat down this morning to meet the deadline for submitting a proposal for a poster [&# ;] 	current status of data unbound llc in pennsylvania i&# ;m currently in the process of closing down data unbound llc in pennsylvania.  i submitted the paperwork to dissolve the legal entity in april and have been amazed to learn that it may take up to a year to get the final approval done.  in the meantime, as i establishing a similar california legal [&# ;] 	must get cracking on organizing your life with python talk and tutorial proposals for pycon are due tomorrow ( / ) .  i was considering submitting a proposal until i took the heart the appropriate admonition against &# ;conference-driven&# ; development of the program committee.   i will nonetheless use the oct and nov deadlines for lightning talks and proposals respectively to judge whether to [&# ;] 	embedding github gists in wordpress as i gear up i to write more about programming, i have installed the embed github gist plugin. so by writing &#x b;gist id= &#x d; in the text of this post, i can embed https://gist.github.com/rdhyee/ into the post to get: 	working with open data i&# ;m very excited to be teaching a new course working with open data at the uc berkeley school of information in the spring semester: open data — data that is free for use, reuse, and redistribution — is an intellectual treasure-trove that has given rise to many unexpected and often fruitful applications. in this [&# ;] 	a mundane task: updating a config file to retain old settings i want to have a hand in creating an excellent personal information manager (pim) that can be a worthy successor to ecco pro. so far, running eccoext (a clever and expansive hack of ecco pro) has been a eminently practical solution.   you can download the most recent version of this actively developed extension from [&# ;] ditc_vol _ by -v .jpg - google drive sign in the thingology blog the thingology blog 	new syndetics unbound feature: mark and boost electronic resources proquest and librarything have just introduced a major new feature to our catalog-enrichment suite, syndetics unbound, to meet the needs of libraries during the covid- crisis. our friends at proquest blogged about it briefly on the proquest blog. this blog post goes into greater detail about what we did, how we did it, and what [&# ;] 	introducing syndetics unbound short version today we&# ;re going public with a new product for libraries, jointly developed by librarything and proquest. it&# ;s called syndetics unbound, and it makes library catalogs better, with catalog enrichments that provide information about each item, and jumping-off points for exploring the catalog. to see it in action, check out the hartford public library [&# ;] 	alamw in boston (and free passes)! abby and kj will be at ala midwinter in boston this weekend, showing off librarything for libraries. since the conference is so close to librarything headquarters, chances are good that a few other lt staff members may appear, as well! visit us. stop by booth # to meet abby &# ; kj (and potential mystery guests!), [&# ;] 	for ala : three free opac enhancements for a limited time, librarything for libraries (ltfl) is offering three of its signature enhancements for free! there are no strings attached. we want people to see how librarything for libraries can improve your catalog. check library. the check library button is a &# ;bookmarklet&# ; that allows patrons to check if your library has a book [&# ;] 	ala in san francisco (free passes) our booth. but this is kate, not tim or abby. she had the baby. tim and i are headed to san francisco this weekend for the ala annual conference. visit us. stop by booth # to talk to us, get a demo, and learn about all the new and fun things we&# ;re up to with [&# ;] 	new &# ;more like this&# ; for librarything for libraries we&# ;ve just released &# ;more like this,&# ; a major upgrade to librarything for libraries’ &# ;similar items&# ; recommendations. the upgrade is free and automatic for all current subscribers to librarything for libraries catalog enhancement package. it adds several new categories of recommendations, as well as new features. we&# ;ve got text about it below, but here&# ;s a short [&# ;] 	subjects and the ship of theseus i thought i might take a break to post an amusing photo of something i wrote out today: the photo is a first draft of a database schema for a revamp of how librarything will do library subjects. all told, it has tables. gulp. about eight of the tables do what a good cataloging [&# ;] 	librarything recommends in bibliocommons does your library use bibliocommons as its catalog? librarything and bibliocommons now work together to give you high-quality reading recommendations in your bibliocommons catalog. you can see some examples here. look for &# ;librarything recommends&# ; on the right side. not that kind of girl (daniel boone regional library) carthage must be destroyed (ottowa public library) the [&# ;] 	new: annotations for book display widgets our book display widgets is getting adopted by more and more libraries, and we&# ;re busy making it better and better. last week we introduced easy share. this week we&# ;re rolling out another improvement—annotations! book display widgets is the ultimate tool for libraries to create automatic or hand-picked virtual book displays for their home page, blog, [&# ;] 	send us a programmer, win $ , in books. we just posted a new job post job: library developer at librarything (telecommute). to sweeten the deal, we are offering $ , worth of books to the person who finds them. that&# ;s a lot of books. rules! you get a $ , gift certificate to the local, chain or online bookseller of your choice. to qualify, you [&# ;] none vtditcstudiohours_fall _final.png - google drive sign in usldh_dlf forum_slides.pptx - google drive sign in falvey memorial library blog falvey memorial library blog the collection of blogs published by falvey memorial library, villanova university none panel: us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the | clir | aviary 	 	 	 dlf forum program 	 ndsa digipres program 	 for program 	 login 	 resources 	 collections 	 about 	 sign in × email password remember me forgot password system will deduct the location before submission. 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message × close close yes × no yes yes accessibility issues with this page? please click here to let us know. the thingology blog 	 		 			 		 	 	 		the librarything blog 		thingology 	 	 	 		 		 			 			 				monday, april th, 			 				new syndetics unbound feature: mark and boost electronic resources 				 					proquest and librarything have just introduced a major new feature to our catalog-enrichment suite, syndetics unbound, to meet the needs of libraries during the covid- crisis. our friends at proquest blogged about it briefly on the proquest blog. this blog post goes into greater detail about what we did, how we did it, and what efforts like this may mean for library catalogs in the future. what it does the feature, “mark and boost electronic resources,” turns syndetics unbound from a general catalog enrichment tool to one focused on your library’s electronic resources—the resources patrons can access during a library shutdown. we hope it encourages libraries to continue to promote their catalog, the library’s own and most complete collection repository, instead of sending patrons to a host of partial, third-party eresource platforms. the new feature marks the library’s electronic resources and “boosts,” or promotes, them in syndetics unbound’s discovery enhancements, such as “you may also like,” “other editions,” “tags” and “reading levels.” here’s a screenshot showing the feature in action. how it works the feature is composed of three settings. by default, they all turn on together, but they can be independently turned off and on. 	boost electronic resources chooses to show electronic editions of an item where they exist, and boosts such items within discovery elements. 	mark electronic resources with an “e” icon marks all electronic resources—ebooks, eaudio, and streaming video. 	add electronic resources message at top of page adds a customizable message to the top of the syndetics unbound area. “mark and boost electronic holdings” works across all enrichments. it is particularly important for “also available as” which lists all the other formats for a given title. enabling this feature sorts electronic resources to the front of the list. we also suggest that, for now, libraries may want to put “also available as” at the top of their enrichment order. why we did it your catalog is only as good as your holdings. faced with a world in which physical holdings are off-limits and electronic resources essential, many libraries have discouraged use of the catalog, which is dominated by non-digital resources, in favor of linking directly to overdrive, hoopla, freegal and so forth. unfortunately, these services are silos, containing only what you bought from that particular vendor. “mark and boost electronic resources” turns your catalog toward digital resources, while preserving what makes a catalog important—a single point of access to all library resources, not a vendor silo. maximizing your electronic holdings to make the best use of “mark and boost electronic resources,” we need to know about all your electronic resources. unfortunately, some systems separate marc holdings and electronic holdings; all resources appear in the catalog, but only some are available for export to syndetics unbound. other libraries send us holding files with everything, but they are unable to send us updates every time new electronic resources are added. to address this issue, we have therefore advanced a new feature—”auto-discover electronic holdings.” turn this on and we build up an accurate representation of your library’s electronic resource holdings, without requiring any effort on your part. adapting to change “mark and boost electronic resources” is our first feature change to address the current crisis. but we are eager to do others, and to adapt the feature over time, as the situation develops. we are eager to get feedback from librarians and patrons! — the proquest and librarything teams 				 				 				 				labels: new features, new product, syndetics unbound 				 				 				posted by tim @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				thursday, october th, 			 				introducing syndetics unbound 				 					 short version today we’re going public with a new product for libraries, jointly developed by librarything and proquest. it’s called syndetics unbound, and it makes library catalogs better, with catalog enrichments that provide information about each item, and jumping-off points for exploring the catalog. to see it in action, check out the hartford public library in hartford, ct. here are some sample links: 	the raven boys by maggie stiefvater 	alexander hamilton by ron chernow 	faithful place by tana french we’ve also got a press release and a nifty marketing site. update: webinars every week! we’re now having weekly webinars, in which you can learn all about syndetics unbound, and ask us questions. visit proquest’s webex portal to see the schedule and sign up! long version the basic idea syndetics unbound aims to make patrons happier and increase circulation. it works by enhancing discovery within your opac, giving patrons useful information about books, movies, music, and video games, and helping them find other things they like. this means adding elements like cover images, summaries, recommendations, series, tags, and both professional and user reviews. in one sense, syndetics unbound combines products—the proquest product syndetics plus and the librarything products librarything for libraries and book display widgets. in a more important sense, however, it leaps forward from these products to something new, simple, and powerful. new elements were invented. static elements have become newly dynamic. buttons provide deep-dives into your library’s collection. and—we think—everything looks better than anything syndetics or librarything have done before! (that’s one of only two exclamation points in this blog post, so we mean it.) simplicity syndetics unbound is a complete and unified solution, not a menu of options spread across one or even multiple vendors. this simplicity starts with the design, which is made to look good out of the box, already configured for your opac and look. the installation requirements for syndetics unbound are minimal. if you already have syndetics plus or librarything for libraries, you’re all set. if you’ve never been a customer, you only need to add a line of html to your opac, and to upload your holdings. although it’s simple, we didn’t neglect options. libraries can reorder elements, or drop them entirely. we expect libraries will pick and choose, and evaluate elements according to patron needs, or feedback from our detailed usage stats. libraries can also tweak the look and feel with custom css stylesheets. and simplicity is cheap. to assemble a not-quite-equivalent bundle from proquest’s and librarything’s separate offerings would cost far more. we want everyone who has syndetics unbound to have it in its full glory. comprehensiveness and enrichments syndetics unbound enriches your catalog with some sixteen enrichments, but the number is less important than the options they encompass. these include both professional and user-generated content, information about the item you’re looking at, and jumping-off points to explore similar items. quick descriptions of the enrichments: boilterplate covers for items without covers. premium cover service. syndetics offers the most comprehensive cover database in existence for libraries—over million full-color cover images for books, videos, dvds, and cds, with thousands of new covers added every week. for syndetics unbound, we added boilerplate covers for items that don’t have a cover, which include the title, author, and media type. summaries. over million essential summaries and annotations, so patrons know what the book’s about. about the author. this section includes the author biography and a small shelf of other items by the author. the section is also adorned by a small author photo—a first in the catalog, although familiar elsewhere on the web. look inside. includes three previous syndetics enrichments—first chapters or excerpts, table of contents and large-size covers—newly presented as a “peek inside the book” feature. series. shows a book’s series, including reading order. if the library is missing part of the series, those covers are shown but grayed out. you may also like. provides sharp, on-the-spot readers advisory in your catalog, with the option to browse a larger world of suggestions, drawn from librarything members and big-data algorithms. in this and other enrichments, syndetics unbound only recommends items that your library owns. the syndetics unbound recommendations cover far more of your collection than any similar service. for example, statistics from the hartford public library show this feature on % of items viewed. professional reviews includes more than . million reviews from library journal, school library journal, new york times, the guardian, the horn book, booklist, bookseller + publisher magazine, choice, publisher’s weekly, and kirkus. a la carte review sources include voice of youth advocates: voya, doody’s medical reviews and quill and quire. reader reviews includes more than . million vetted, reader reviews from librarything members. it also allows patrons and librarians to add their own ratings and reviews, right in your catalog, and then showcase them on a library’s home page and social media. also available as helps patrons find other available formats and versions of a title in your collection, including paper, audio, ebook, and translations. exploring the tag system tags rethinks librarything’s celebrated tag clouds—redesigning them toward simplicity and consistency, and away from the “ransom note” look of most clouds. as data, tags are based on over million tags created by librarything members, and hand-vetted by our staff librarians for quality. a new exploration interface allows patrons to explore what librarything calls “tag mashes”—finding books by combinations of tags—in a simple faceted way. i’m going to be blogging about the redesign of tag clouds in the near future. considering dozens of designs, we decided on a clean break with the past. (i expect it will get some reactions.) book profile is a newly dynamic version of what bowker has done for years—analyzing thousands of new works of fiction, short-story collections, biographies, autobiographies, and memoirs annually. now every term is clickable, and patrons can search and browse over one million profiles. explore reading levels reading level is a newly dynamic way to see and explore other books in the same age and grade range. reading level also includes metametrics lexile® framework for reading. click the “more” button to get a new, super-powered reading-level explorer. this is one my favorite features! (second and last exclamation point.) awards highlights the awards a title has won, and helps patrons find highly-awarded books in your collection. includes biggies like the national book award and the booker prize, but also smaller awards like the bram stoker award and oklahoma’s sequoyah book award. browse shelf gives your patrons the context and serendipity of browsing a physical shelf, using your call numbers. includes a mini shelf-browser that sits on your detail pages, and a full-screen version, launched from the detail page. video and music adds summaries and other information for more than four million video and music titles including annotations, performers, track listings, release dates, genres, keywords, and themes. video games provides game descriptions, esrb ratings, star ratings, system requirements, and even screenshots. book display widgets. finally, syndetics unbound isn’t limited to the catalog, but includes the librarything product book display widgets—virtual book displays that go on your library’s homepage, blog, libguides, facebook, twitter, pinterest, or even in email newsletters. display widgets can be filled with preset content, such as popular titles, new titles, dvds, journals, series, awards, tags, and more. or you point them at a web page, rss feed, or list of isbns, upcs, or issns. if your data is dynamic, the widget updates automatically. here’s a page of book display widget examples. find out more made it this far? you really need to see syndetics unbound in action. check it out. again, here are some sample links of syndetics unbound at hartford public library in hartford, ct: the raven boys by maggie stiefvater, alexander hamilton by ron chernow, faithful place by tana french. webinars. we hold webinars every tuesday and walk you through the different elements and answer questions. to sign up for a webinar, visit this webex page and search for “syndetics unbound.” interested in syndetics unbound at your library? go here to contact a representative at proquest. or read more about at the syndetics unbound website. or email us at ltflsupport@librarything.com and we’ll help you find the right person or resource. 				 				 				 				labels: librarything for libraries, new feature, new features, new product 				 				 				posted by tim @ : am 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				thursday, january th, 			 				alamw in boston (and free passes)! 				 					abby and kj will be at ala midwinter in boston this weekend, showing off librarything for libraries. since the conference is so close to librarything headquarters, chances are good that a few other lt staff members may appear, as well! visit us. stop by booth # to meet abby & kj (and potential mystery guests!), get a demo, and learn about all the new and fun things we’re up to with librarything for libraries, tinycat, and librarything. get in free. are you in the boston area and want to go to alamw? we have free exhibit only passes. click here to sign up and get one! note: it will get you just into the exhibit hall, not the conference sessions themselves. 				 				 				 				labels: uncategorized 				 				 				posted by kate @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				thursday, june th, 			 				for ala : three free opac enhancements 				 					 for a limited time, librarything for libraries (ltfl) is offering three of its signature enhancements for free! there are no strings attached. we want people to see how librarything for libraries can improve your catalog. 	check library. the check library button is a “bookmarklet” that allows patrons to check if your library has a book while on amazon and most other book websites. unlike other options, librarything knows all of the editions out there, so it finds the edition your library has. learn more about check library 	other editions let your users know everything you have. don’t let users leave empty-handed when the record that came up is checked out. other editions links all your holdings together in a frbr model—paper, audiobook, ebook, even translations. 	lexile measures put metametrics’ the lexile framework® for reading in your catalog, to help librarians and patrons find material based on reading level. in addition to showing the lexile numbers, we also include an interactive browser. easy to add ltfl enhancements are easy to install and can be added to every major ils/opac system and most of the minor ones. enrichments can be customized and styled to fit your catalog, and detailed usage reporting lets you know how they’re doing. see us at ala. stop by booth at ala annual this weekend in san francisco to talk to tim and abby and see how these enhancements work. if you need a free pass to the exhibit hall, details are in this blog post. sign up we’re offering these three enhancements free, for at least two years. we’ll probably send you links showing you how awesome other enhancements would look in your catalog, but that’s it. find out more http://www.librarything.com/forlibraries or email abby blachly at abby@librarything.com. 				 				 				 				labels: alaac , lexile measures, librarything for libraries, ltfl 				 				 				posted by abby @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				tuesday, june rd, 			 				ala in san francisco (free passes) 				 					 our booth. but this is kate, not tim or abby. she had the baby. tim and i are headed to san francisco this weekend for the ala annual conference. visit us. stop by booth # to talk to us, get a demo, and learn about all the new and fun things we’re up to with librarything for libraries! stay tuned this week for more announcements of what we’ll be showing off. no, really. it’s going to be awesome. get in free. in the sf area and want to go to ala? we have free exhibit only passes. click here to sign up and get one. it will get you just into the exhibit hall, not the conference sessions themselves. 				 				 				 				labels: ala, alaac 				 				 				posted by abby @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				monday, february th, 			 				new “more like this” for librarything for libraries 				 					we’ve just released “more like this,” a major upgrade to librarything for libraries’ “similar items” recommendations. the upgrade is free and automatic for all current subscribers to librarything for libraries catalog enhancement package. it adds several new categories of recommendations, as well as new features. we’ve got text about it below, but here’s a short ( : ) video: what’s new similar items now has a see more link, which opens more like this. browse through different types of recommendations, including: 	similar items 	more by author 	similar authors 	by readers 	same series 	by tags 	by genre you can also choose to show one or several of the new categories directly on the catalog page. click a book in the lightbox to learn more about it—a summary when available, and a link to go directly to that item in the catalog. rate the usefulness of each recommended item right in your catalog—hovering over a cover gives you buttons that let you mark whether it’s a good or bad recommendation. try it out! click “see more” to open the more like this browser in one of these libraries: 	spokane county library district 	arapahoe public library 	waukegan public library 	cape may public library 	sails library network find out more find more details for current customers on what’s changing and what customizations are available on our help pages. for more information on librarything for libraries or if you’re interested in a free trial, email abby@librarything.com, visit http://www.librarything.com/forlibraries, or register for a webinar. 				 				 				 				labels: librarything for libraries, ltfl, recommendations, similar books 				 				 				posted by abby @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				thursday, february th, 			 				subjects and the ship of theseus 				 					i thought i might take a break to post an amusing photo of something i wrote out today: the photo is a first draft of a database schema for a revamp of how librarything will do library subjects. all told, it has tables. gulp. about eight of the tables do what a good cataloging system would do: 	distinguishes the various subject systems (lcsh, medical subjects, etc.) 	preserves the semantic richness of subject cataloging, including the stuff that never makes it into library systems. 	breaks subjects into their facets (e.g., “man-woman relationships — fiction”) has two subject facets most of the tables, however, satisfy librarything’s unusual core commitments: to let users do their own thing, like their own little library, but also to let them benefit from and participate in the data and contributions of others.( ) so it: 	links to subjects from various “levels,” including book-level, edition-level, isbn-level and work-level. 	allows members to use their own data, or “inherit” subjects from other levels. 	allows for members to “play librarian,” improving good data and suppressing bad data.( ) 	allows for real-time, fully reversible aliasing of subjects and subject facets. the last is perhaps the hardest. nine years ago (!) i compared librarything to the “ship of theseus,” a ship which is “preserved” although its components are continually changed. the same goes for much of its data, although “shifting sands” might be a better analogy. accounting for this makes for some interesting database structures, and interesting programming. not every system at librarything does this perfectly. but i hope this structure will help us do that better for subjects.( ) weird as all this is, i think it’s the way things are going. at present most libraries maintain their own data, which, while generally copied from another library, is fundamentally siloed. like an evolving species, library records descend from each other; they aren’t dynamically linked. the data inside the records are siloed as well, trapped in a non-relational model. the profession that invented metadata, and indeed invented sharing metadata, is, at least as far as its catalogs go, far behind. eventually that will end. it may end in a “library goodreads,” every library sharing the same data, with global changes possible, but reserved for special catalogers. but my bet is on a more librarything-like future, where library systems will both respect local cataloging choices and, if they like, benefit instantly from improvements made elsewhere in the system. when that future arrives, we got the schema! . i’m betting another ten tables are added before the system is complete. . the system doesn’t presume whether changes will be made unilaterally, or voted on. voting, like much else, existings in a separate system, even if it ends up looking like part of the subject system. . this is a long-term project. our first steps are much more modest–the tables have an order-of-use, not shown. first off we’re going to duplicate the current system, but with appropriate character sets and segmentation by thesaurus and language. 				 				 				 				labels: cataloging, subjects 				 				 				posted by tim @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				tuesday, january th, 			 				librarything recommends in bibliocommons 				 					 does your library use bibliocommons as its catalog? librarything and bibliocommons now work together to give you high-quality reading recommendations in your bibliocommons catalog. you can see some examples here. look for “librarything recommends” on the right side. 	not that kind of girl (daniel boone regional library) 	carthage must be destroyed (ottowa public library) 	the martian (edmonton public library) 	little bear (west vancouver memorial library) 	station eleven (chapel hill public library) 	the brothers karamazov (calgary public library) quick facts: 	as with all librarything for libraries products, librarything recommends only recommends other books within a library’s catalog. 	librarything recommends stretches across media, providing recommendations not just for print titles, but also for ebooks, audiobooks, and other media. 	librarything recommends shows up to two titles up front, with up to three displayed under “show more.” 	recommendations come from librarything’s recommendations system, which draws on hundreds of millions of data points in readership patterns, tags, series, popularity, and other data. not using bibliocommons? well, you can get librarything recommendations—and much more—integrated in almost every catalog (opac and ils) on earth, with all the same basic functionality, like recommending only books in your catalog, as well as other librarything for libraries feaures, like reviews, series and tags. check out some examples on different systems here. 	sirsidynix enterprise (saint louis public library) 	sirsidynix horizon information portal (hume libraries) 	sirsidynix elibrary (spokane county public library) 	iii encore (arapahoe public library) 	iii webpac pro (waukegan public library) 	polaris (cape may county library) 	ex libris voyager (university of wisconsin-eau claire) interested? bibliocommons: email info@bibliocommons.com or visit http://www.bibliocommons.com/augmentedcontent. see the full specifics here. other systems: email abby@librarything.com or visit http://www.librarything.com/forlibraries. 				 				 				 				labels: uncategorized 				 				 				posted by tim @ : pm 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				thursday, october th, 			 				new: annotations for book display widgets 				 					our book display widgets is getting adopted by more and more libraries, and we’re busy making it better and better. last week we introduced easy share. this week we’re rolling out another improvement—annotations! book display widgets is the ultimate tool for libraries to create automatic or hand-picked virtual book displays for their home page, blog, facebook or elsewhere. annotations allows libraries to add explanations for their picks. some ways to use annotations . explain staff picks right on your homepage. . let students know if a book is reserved for a particular class. . add context for special collections displays. how it works check out the librarything for libraries wiki for instructions on how to add annotations to your book display widgets. it’s pretty easy. interested? watch a quick screencast explaining book display widgets and how you can use them. find out more about librarything for libraries and book display widgets. and sign up for a free trial of either by contacting ltflsupport@librarything.com. 				 				 				 				labels: book display widgets, librarything for libraries, new feature, new features, widgets 				 				 				posted by kj @ : am 				 comments »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 		 			 			 				tuesday, october th, 			 				send us a programmer, win $ , in books. 				 					 we just posted a new job post job: library developer at librarything (telecommute). to sweeten the deal, we are offering $ , worth of books to the person who finds them. that’s a lot of books. rules! you get a $ , gift certificate to the local, chain or online bookseller of your choice. to qualify, you need to connect us to someone. either you introduce them to us—and they follow up by applying themselves—or they mention your name in their email (“so-and-so told me about this”). you can recommend yourself, but if you found out about it from someone else, we hope you’ll do the right thing and make them the beneficiary. small print: our decision is final, incontestable, irreversible and completely dictatorial. it only applies when an employee is hired full-time, not part-time, contract or for a trial period. if we don’t hire someone for the job, we don’t pay. the contact must happen in the next month. if we’ve already been in touch with the candidate, it doesn’t count. void where prohibited. you pay taxes, and the insidious hidden tax of shelving. employees and their families are eligible to win, provided they aren’t work contacts. tim is not. » job: library developer at librarything (telecommute) 				 				 				 				labels: jobs 				 				 				posted by tim @ : am 				 comment »				 				 				 								 									 				 				 	 				share 				 				 			 				 		 			 page of ... ...»last » 		 		 	 	 	 	 		 		thingology is librarything's ideas blog, on the philosophy and methods of tags, libraries and suchnot. 			the librarything blog 	rss feed 	combined feed 	 			 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 			recent posts 			 				new syndetics unbound feature: mark and boost electronic resources 						 	 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	contact | 	apis | 	wikithing | 	common knowledge | 	legacy libraries | 	early reviewers | 	zeitgeist 	copyright librarything and/or members of librarything, authors, publishers, libraries, cover designers, amazon, bol, bruna, etc. vtditc park jam mural - meme cbs - - - .jpg - google drive sign in coffee|code: dan scott's blog - coding coffee|code: dan scott's blog - coding librarian · developer 	our nginx caching proxy setup for evergreen details of our nginx caching proxy settings for evergreen 	enriching catalogue pages in evergreen with wikidata an openly licensed javascript widget that enriches library catalogues with wikidata data 	wikidata, canada , and music festival data at caml , stacy allison-cassin and i presented our arguments in favour of using wikidata is a good fit for communities who want to increase the visibility of canadian music in wikimedia foundation projects. 	wikidata workshop for librarians interested in learning about wikidata? i delivered a workshop for librarians and archivists at the caml preconference. perhaps you will find the materials i developed useful for your own training purposes. 	truly progressive webvr apps are available offline! i've been dabbling with the a-frame framework for creating webvr experiences for the past couple of months, ever since patrick trottier gave a lightning talk at the gdg sudbury devfest in november and a hands-on session with aframe in january. the &# ;aframevr twitter feed regularly highlights cool new webvr apps … 	schema.org, wikidata, knowledge graph: strands of the modern semantic web my slides from ohio devfest : schema.org, wikidata, knowledge graph: strands of the modern semantic web and the video, recorded and edited by the incredible amazing patrick hammond: in november, i had the opportunity to speak at ohio devfest . one of the organizers, casey borders, had invited me … 	google scholar's broken recaptcha hurts libraries and their users update - - : the brilliant folk at unc figured out how to fix google scholar using a pre-scoped search so that, if a search is launched from the library web site, it will automatically associate that search with the library's licensed resources. no ezproxy required! for libraries, proxying user requests is … 	php's file_marc gets a new release ( . . ) yesterday, just one day before the anniversary of the . . release, i published the . . release of the pear file_marc library. the only change is the addition of a convenience method for fields called getcontents() that simply concatenates all of the subfields together in order, with … 	php's file_marc gets a new release ( . . ) yesterday, just one day before the anniversary of the . . release, i published the . . release of the pear file_marc library. the only change is the addition of a convenience method for fields called getcontents() that simply concatenates all of the subfields together in order, with … 	chromebooks and privacy: not always at odds on friday, june th i gave a short talk at the olita digital odyssey conference, which had a theme this year of privacy and security. my talk addressed the evolution of our public and loaner laptops over the past decade, from bare windows xp, to linux, windows xp with … 	chromebooks and privacy: not always at odds on friday, june th i gave a short talk at the olita digital odyssey conference, which had a theme this year of privacy and security. my talk addressed the evolution of our public and loaner laptops over the past decade, from bare windows xp, to linux, windows xp with … 	library stories: vision: "professional research tools" for a recent strategic retreat, i was asked to prepare (as homework) a story about a subject that i'm passionate about, with an idea of where we might see the library in the next three to five years. here's one of the stories i came up with, in the form … 	library stories: vision: "professional research tools" for a recent strategic retreat, i was asked to prepare (as homework) a story about a subject that i'm passionate about, with an idea of where we might see the library in the next three to five years. here's one of the stories i came up with, in the form … 	querying evergreen from google sheets with custom functions via apps script our staff were recently asked to check thousands of isbns to find out if we already have the corresponding books in our catalogue. they in turn asked me if i could run a script that would check it for them. it makes me happy to work with people who believe … 	querying evergreen from google sheets with custom functions via apps script our staff were recently asked to check thousands of isbns to find out if we already have the corresponding books in our catalogue. they in turn asked me if i could run a script that would check it for them. it makes me happy to work with people who believe … 	that survey about ezproxy oclc recently asked ezproxy clients to fill out a survey about their experiences with the product and to get feedback on possible future plans for the product. about half-way through, i decided it might be a good idea to post my responses. because hey, if i'm working to help them … 	that survey about ezproxy oclc recently asked ezproxy clients to fill out a survey about their experiences with the product and to get feedback on possible future plans for the product. about half-way through, i decided it might be a good idea to post my responses. because hey, if i'm working to help them … 	"the librarian" - an instruction session in the style of "the martian" i had fun today. a colleague in computer science has been giving his c++ students an assignment to track down an article that is only available in print in the library. when we chatted about it earlier this year, i suggested that perhaps he could bring me in as a … 	"the librarian" - an instruction session in the style of "the martian" i had fun today. a colleague in computer science has been giving his c++ students an assignment to track down an article that is only available in print in the library. when we chatted about it earlier this year, i suggested that perhaps he could bring me in as a … 	we screwed up: identities in loosely-coupled systems a few weeks ago, i came to the startling and depressing realization that we had screwed up. it started when someone i know and greatly respect ran into me in the library and said &quot;we have a problem&quot;. i'm the recently appointed chair of our library and archives department, so … 	we screwed up: identities in loosely-coupled systems a few weeks ago, i came to the startling and depressing realization that we had screwed up. it started when someone i know and greatly respect ran into me in the library and said &quot;we have a problem&quot;. i'm the recently appointed chair of our library and archives department, so … 	research across the curriculum the following post dates back to january , , when i had been employed at laurentian for less than a year and was getting an institutional repository up and running.... i think old me had some interesting thoughts! abstract the author advocates an approach to university curriculum that re-emphasizes the … 	research across the curriculum the following post dates back to january , , when i had been employed at laurentian for less than a year and was getting an institutional repository up and running.... i think old me had some interesting thoughts! abstract the author advocates an approach to university curriculum that re-emphasizes the … 	library and archives canada: planning for a new union catalogue update - - : clarified (in the privacy section) that only nrcan runs evergreen. i attended a meeting with library and archives canada today in my role as an ontario library association board member to discuss the plans around a new canadian union catalogue based on oclc's hosted services. following are some … 	library and archives canada: planning for a new union catalogue update - - : clarified (in the privacy section) that only nrcan runs evergreen. i attended a meeting with library and archives canada today in my role as an ontario library association board member to discuss the plans around a new canadian union catalogue based on oclc's hosted services. following are some … 	library catalogues and http status codes i noticed in google's webmaster tools that our catalogue had been returning some soft s. curious, i checked into some of the uris suffering from this condition, and realized that evergreen returns an http status code of ok when it serves up a record details page for a record … 	library catalogues and http status codes i noticed in google's webmaster tools that our catalogue had been returning some soft s. curious, i checked into some of the uris suffering from this condition, and realized that evergreen returns an http status code of ok when it serves up a record details page for a record … 	dear database vendor: defending against sci-hub.org scraping is going to be very difficult our library receives formal communications from various content/database vendors about &quot;serious intellectual property infringement&quot; on a reasonably regular basis, that urge us to &quot;pay particular attention to proxy security&quot;. here is part of the response i sent to the most recent such request: we use the usagelimit directives that … 	dear database vendor: defending against sci-hub.org scraping is going to be very difficult our library receives formal communications from various content/database vendors about &quot;serious intellectual property infringement&quot; on a reasonably regular basis, that urge us to &quot;pay particular attention to proxy security&quot;. here is part of the response i sent to the most recent such request: we use the usagelimit directives that … 	putting the "web" back into semantic web in libraries i was honoured to lead a workshop and speak at this year's edition of semantic web in bibliotheken (swib) in bonn, germany. it was an amazing experience; there were so many rich projects being described with obvious dividends for the users of libraries, once again the european library community fills … 	putting the "web" back into semantic web in libraries i was honoured to lead a workshop and speak at this year's edition of semantic web in bibliotheken (swib) in bonn, germany. it was an amazing experience; there were so many rich projects being described with obvious dividends for the users of libraries, once again the european library community fills … 	social networking for researchers: researchgate and their ilk the centre for research in occupational safety and health asked me to give a lunch'n'learn presentation on researchgate today, which was a challenge i was happy to take on... but i took the liberty of stretching the scope of the discussion to focus on social networking in the context of … 	social networking for researchers: researchgate and their ilk the centre for research in occupational safety and health asked me to give a lunch'n'learn presentation on researchgate today, which was a challenge i was happy to take on... but i took the liberty of stretching the scope of the discussion to focus on social networking in the context of … 	how discovery layers have closed off access to library resources, and other tales of schema.org from lita forum at the lita forum yesterday, i accused (presentation) most discovery layers of not solving the discoverability problems of libraries, but instead exacerbating them by launching us headlong to a closed, unlinkable world. coincidentally, lorcan dempsey's opening keynote contained a subtle criticism of discovery layers. i wasn't that subtle. here's why … 	how discovery layers have closed off access to library resources, and other tales of schema.org from lita forum at the lita forum yesterday, i accused (presentation) most discovery layers of not solving the discoverability problems of libraries, but instead exacerbating them by launching us headlong to a closed, unlinkable world. coincidentally, lorcan dempsey's opening keynote contained a subtle criticism of discovery layers. i wasn't that subtle. here's why … 	dcmi : schema.org holdings in open source library systems my slides from dcmi : schema.org in the wild: open source libraries++. last week i was at the dublin core metadata initiative conference, where richard wallis, charles maccathie nevile and i were slated to present on schema.org and the work of the w c schema.org bibliographic extension … 	my small contribution to schema.org this week version . of the http://schema.org vocabulary was released a few days ago, and i once again had a small part to play in it. with the addition of the workexample and exampleofwork properties, we (richard wallis, dan brickley, and i) realized that examples of these creativework example … 	my small contribution to schema.org this week version . of the http://schema.org vocabulary was released a few days ago, and i once again had a small part to play in it. with the addition of the workexample and exampleofwork properties, we (richard wallis, dan brickley, and i) realized that examples of these creativework example … 	posting on the laurentian university library blog since returning from my sabbatical, i've felt pretty strongly that one of the things our work place is lacking is open communication about the work that we do--not just outside of the library, but within the library as well. i'm convinced that the more that we know about the demands … 	posting on the laurentian university library blog since returning from my sabbatical, i've felt pretty strongly that one of the things our work place is lacking is open communication about the work that we do--not just outside of the library, but within the library as well. i'm convinced that the more that we know about the demands … 	cataloguing for the open web: schema.org in library catalogues and websites tldr; my slides are href=&quot;http://stuff.coffeecode.net/ /understanding_schema&quot;&gt;here, and the slides from jenn and jason are also available from href=&quot;http://connect.ala.org/node/ &quot;&gt;ala connect. on sunday, june th jenn riley, jason clark, and i presented at the alcts/lita jointly sponsored session … 	cataloguing for the open web: schema.org in library catalogues and websites tldr; my slides are href=&quot;http://stuff.coffeecode.net/ /understanding_schema&quot;&gt;here, and the slides from jenn and jason are also available from href=&quot;http://connect.ala.org/node/ &quot;&gt;ala connect. on sunday, june th jenn riley, jason clark, and i presented at the alcts/lita jointly sponsored session … 	linked data interest panel, part good talk by richard wallis this morning at the ala annual conference on publishing entities on the web. many of his points map extremely closely to what i've been saying and will be saying tomorrow during my own session (albeit with ten fewer minutes). i was particularly heartened to hear … 	linked data interest panel, part good talk by richard wallis this morning at the ala annual conference on publishing entities on the web. many of his points map extremely closely to what i've been saying and will be saying tomorrow during my own session (albeit with ten fewer minutes). i was particularly heartened to hear … 	rdfa introduction and codelabs for libraries my rdfa introduction and codelab materials for the ala preconference on practical linked data with open source are now online! and now i've finished leading the rdfa + schema.org codelab that i've been stressing over and refining for about a month at the american library association annual conference practical … 	rdfa introduction and codelabs for libraries my rdfa introduction and codelab materials for the ala preconference on practical linked data with open source are now online! and now i've finished leading the rdfa + schema.org codelab that i've been stressing over and refining for about a month at the american library association annual conference practical … 	dropping back into the semantic web i've been at the extended (formerly european) semantic web conference ( eswc) in anissaras, greece for four days now. my reason for attending was to present my paper seeding structured data by default in open source library systems (presentation) (paper). it has been fantastic. as a librarian attending a conference … 	dropping back into the semantic web i've been at the extended (formerly european) semantic web conference ( eswc) in anissaras, greece for four days now. my reason for attending was to present my paper seeding structured data by default in open source library systems (presentation) (paper). it has been fantastic. as a librarian attending a conference … 	rdfa, schema.org, and open source library systems two things of note: i recently submitted the camera-ready copy for my eswc paper, seeding structured data by default via open source library systems (**preprint**). the paper focuses on the work i've done with evergreen, koha, and vufind to use emerging web standards such as rdfa lite and schema … 	rdfa, schema.org, and open source library systems two things of note: i recently submitted the camera-ready copy for my eswc paper, seeding structured data by default via open source library systems (**preprint**). the paper focuses on the work i've done with evergreen, koha, and vufind to use emerging web standards such as rdfa lite and schema … 	mapping library holdings to the product / offer mode in schema.org back in august, i mentioned that i taught evergreen, koha, and vufind how to express library holdings in schema.org via the http://schema.org/offer class. what i failed to mention was how others can do the same with their own library systems (well, okay, i linked to the … 	mapping library holdings to the product / offer mode in schema.org back in august, i mentioned that i taught evergreen, koha, and vufind how to express library holdings in schema.org via the http://schema.org/offer class. what i failed to mention was how others can do the same with their own library systems (well, okay, i linked to the … 	what would you understand if you read the entire world wide web? on tuesday, february th, i'll be participating in laurentian university's research week lightning talks. unlike most five-minute lightning talk events in which i've participated, the time limit for each talk tomorrow will be one minute. imagine different researchers getting up to summarize their research in one minute each, and … 	what would you understand if you read the entire world wide web? on tuesday, february th, i'll be participating in laurentian university's research week lightning talks. unlike most five-minute lightning talk events in which i've participated, the time limit for each talk tomorrow will be one minute. imagine different researchers getting up to summarize their research in one minute each, and … 	ups and downs tuesday was not the greatest day, but at least each setback resulted in a triumph... first, the periodical proposal for schema.org--that i have poured a good couple of months of effort into--took a step closer to reality when dan brickley announced on the public-vocabs list that he had … 	ups and downs tuesday was not the greatest day, but at least each setback resulted in a triumph... first, the periodical proposal for schema.org--that i have poured a good couple of months of effort into--took a step closer to reality when dan brickley announced on the public-vocabs list that he had … 	broadening support for linked data in marc the following is an email that i sent to the marc mailing list on january , that might be of interest to those looking to provide better support for linked data in marc (hopefully as just a transitional step): in the spirit of making it possible to express linked … 	broadening support for linked data in marc the following is an email that i sent to the marc mailing list on january , that might be of interest to those looking to provide better support for linked data in marc (hopefully as just a transitional step): in the spirit of making it possible to express linked … 	want citations? release your work! last week i was putting the finishing touches on the first serious academic paper i have written in a long time, and decided that i wanted to provide backup for some of the assertions i had made. naturally, the deadline was tight, so getting any articles via interlibrary loan was … 	want citations? release your work! last week i was putting the finishing touches on the first serious academic paper i have written in a long time, and decided that i wanted to provide backup for some of the assertions i had made. naturally, the deadline was tight, so getting any articles via interlibrary loan was … 	file_marc: . . release fixes data corruption bug i released file_marc . . yesterday after receiving a bug report from the most excellent mark jordan about a basic (but data corrupting) problem that had existed since the very early days (almost seven years ago). if you generate marc binary output from file_marc, you should upgrade immediately. in … 	file_marc: . . release fixes data corruption bug i released file_marc . . yesterday after receiving a bug report from the most excellent mark jordan about a basic (but data corrupting) problem that had existed since the very early days (almost seven years ago). if you generate marc binary output from file_marc, you should upgrade immediately. in … 	talk proposal: structuring library data on the web with schema.org: we're on it! i submitted the following proposal to the library technology conference and thought it might be of general interest. structuring library data on the web with schema.org: we're on it! abstract until recently, there has been a disappointing level of adoption of schema.org structured data in traditional core … 	talk proposal: structuring library data on the web with schema.org: we're on it! i submitted the following proposal to the library technology conference and thought it might be of general interest. structuring library data on the web with schema.org: we're on it! abstract until recently, there has been a disappointing level of adoption of schema.org structured data in traditional core … 	file_marc makes it to stable . . release (finally!) way back in , i thought &quot;it's a shame there is no php library for parsing marc records!&quot;, and given that much of my most recent coding experience was in the php realm, i thought it would be a good way of contributing to the world of code lib. thus file_marc … 	file_marc makes it to stable . . release (finally!) way back in , i thought &quot;it's a shame there is no php library for parsing marc records!&quot;, and given that much of my most recent coding experience was in the php realm, i thought it would be a good way of contributing to the world of code lib. thus file_marc … 	finally tangoed with reveal.js to create presentations ... and i have enjoyed the dance. yes, i know i'm way behind the times. over the past few years i was generating presentations via asciidoc, and i enjoyed its very functional approach and basic output. however, recently i used google drive to quickly create a few slightly prettier but much … 	finally tangoed with reveal.js to create presentations ... and i have enjoyed the dance. yes, i know i'm way behind the times. over the past few years i was generating presentations via asciidoc, and i enjoyed its very functional approach and basic output. however, recently i used google drive to quickly create a few slightly prettier but much … 	rdfa and schema.org all the library things tldr: the evergreen and koha integrated library systems now express their record details in the schema.org vocabulary out of the box using rdfa. individual holdings are expressed as offer instances per the w c schema bib extension community group proposal to parallel commercial sales offers. and i have published a … 	rdfa and schema.org all the library things tldr: the evergreen and koha integrated library systems now express their record details in the schema.org vocabulary out of the box using rdfa. individual holdings are expressed as offer instances per the w c schema bib extension community group proposal to parallel commercial sales offers. and i have published a … 	a flask of full-text search in postgresql update: more conventional versions of the slides are available from google docs or in on speakerdeck (pdf) . on august , , i gave the following talk at the pycon canada conference: i’m a systems librarian at laurentian university. for the past six years, my day job and research … 	a flask of full-text search in postgresql update: more conventional versions of the slides are available from google docs or in on speakerdeck (pdf) . on august , , i gave the following talk at the pycon canada conference: i’m a systems librarian at laurentian university. for the past six years, my day job and research … 	parsing the schema.org vocabulary for fun and frustration for various reasons i've spent a few hours today trying to parse the schema.org vocabulary into a nice, searchable database structure. unfortunately, for a linked data effort that's two years old now and arguably one of the most important efforts out there, it's been an exercise in frustration. owl … 	parsing the schema.org vocabulary for fun and frustration for various reasons i've spent a few hours today trying to parse the schema.org vocabulary into a nice, searchable database structure. unfortunately, for a linked data effort that's two years old now and arguably one of the most important efforts out there, it's been an exercise in frustration. owl … 	linked data irony, example one of probably many i'm currently ramping up my knowledge of the linked dataworld, and ran across the proceedings of the www workshop on linked data on the web. which are published on the web (yay!) as open access (yay!) in pdf (what?). thus, the papers from the linked data workshop at the w … 	linked data irony, example one of probably many i'm currently ramping up my knowledge of the linked dataworld, and ran across the proceedings of the www workshop on linked data on the web. which are published on the web (yay!) as open access (yay!) in pdf (what?). thus, the papers from the linked data workshop at the w … 	pycon canada - postgresql full-text search and flask on august , , i'll be giving a twenty-minute talk at pycon canada on a flask of full-text search with postgresql. i'm very excited to be talking about python, at a python conference, and to be giving the python audience a peek at postgresql's full-text search capabilities. with a twenty … 	pycon canada - postgresql full-text search and flask on august , , i'll be giving a twenty-minute talk at pycon canada on a flask of full-text search with postgresql. i'm very excited to be talking about python, at a python conference, and to be giving the python audience a peek at postgresql's full-text search capabilities. with a twenty … 	carlcore metadata application profile for institutional repositories a long time ago, in what seemed like another life, i attended the access conference as a relatively new systems librarian at laurentian university. the subject of the preconference was this totally new-to-me thing called &quot;institutional repositories&quot;, which i eventually worked out were basically web applications oriented towards content … 	carlcore metadata application profile for institutional repositories a long time ago, in what seemed like another life, i attended the access conference as a relatively new systems librarian at laurentian university. the subject of the preconference was this totally new-to-me thing called &quot;institutional repositories&quot;, which i eventually worked out were basically web applications oriented towards content … 	making the evergreen catalogue mobile-friendly via responsive css back in november the evergreen community was discussing the desire for a mobile catalogue, and expressed a strong opinion that the right way forward would be to teach the current catalogue to be mobile-friendly by applying principles of responsive design. in fact, i stated: almost all of this can be … 	making the evergreen catalogue mobile-friendly via responsive css back in november the evergreen community was discussing the desire for a mobile catalogue, and expressed a strong opinion that the right way forward would be to teach the current catalogue to be mobile-friendly by applying principles of responsive design. in fact, i stated: almost all of this can be … 	structured data: making metadata matter for machines update - - : now with video of the presentation, thanks to the awesome #egcon volunteers! i've been attending the evergreen conference in beautiful vancouver. this morning, i was honoured to be able to give a presentation on some of the work i've been doing on implementing linked data via schema … 	structured data: making metadata matter for machines update - - : now with video of the presentation, thanks to the awesome #egcon volunteers! i've been attending the evergreen conference in beautiful vancouver. this morning, i was honoured to be able to give a presentation on some of the work i've been doing on implementing linked data via schema … 	introducing version control & git in . hours to undergraduates our university offers a computer science degree, but the formal curriculum does not cover version control (or a number of other common tools and practices in software development). students that have worked for me in part-time jobs or summer positions have said things like: if it wasn't for that one … 	introducing version control & git in . hours to undergraduates our university offers a computer science degree, but the formal curriculum does not cover version control (or a number of other common tools and practices in software development). students that have worked for me in part-time jobs or summer positions have said things like: if it wasn't for that one … 	triumph of the tiny brain: dan vs. drupal / panels a while ago i inherited responsibility for a drupal instance and a rather out-of-date server. (you know it's not good when your production operating system is so old that it is no longer getting security updates). i'm not a drupal person. i dabbled with drupal years and years ago … 	triumph of the tiny brain: dan vs. drupal / panels a while ago i inherited responsibility for a drupal instance and a rather out-of-date server. (you know it's not good when your production operating system is so old that it is no longer getting security updates). i'm not a drupal person. i dabbled with drupal years and years ago … 	finding drm-free books on the google play store john mark ockerbloom recently said, while trying to buy a drm-free copy of john scalzi's redshirts on the google play store: “the catalog page doesn’t tell me what format it’s in, or whether it has drm; it instead just asks me to sign in to buy it.” i … 	finding drm-free books on the google play store john mark ockerbloom recently said, while trying to buy a drm-free copy of john scalzi's redshirts on the google play store: “the catalog page doesn’t tell me what format it’s in, or whether it has drm; it instead just asks me to sign in to buy it.” i … 	first go program: converting google scholar xml holdings to ebsco discovery service holdings update - - : and here's how to implement stream-oriented xml parsing many academic libraries are already generating electronic resource holdings summaries in the google scholar xml holdingsformat, and it seems to provide most of the metadata you would need to provide a discovery layer summary in a nice, granular format … 	first go program: converting google scholar xml holdings to ebsco discovery service holdings update - - : and here's how to implement stream-oriented xml parsing many academic libraries are already generating electronic resource holdings summaries in the google scholar xml holdingsformat, and it seems to provide most of the metadata you would need to provide a discovery layer summary in a nice, granular format … 	what does a system librarian do? preface: i'm talking to my daughter's kindergarten class tomorrow about my job. exciting! so i prepped a little bit; it will probably go entirely different, but here's how it's going to go in my mind... my name is dan scott. i’m amber’s dad. i’m a systems librarian … 	farewell, old google books apis since the announcement of the new v google books api, i've been doing a bit of work with it in python (following up on my part of the conversation). today, google announced that many of their older apis were now officially deprecated. included in that list are the google books … 	the new google books api and possibilities for libraries on the subject of the new google books api that was unveiled during the google io conference last week, jonathan rochkind states: once you have an api key, it can keep track of # requests for that key — it’s not clear to me if they rate limit you, and … 	creating a marc record from scratch in php using file_marc in the past couple of days, two people have written me email essentially saying: &quot;dan, this file_marc library sounds great - but i can't figure out how to create a record from scratch with it! can you please help me?&quot; yes, when you're dealing with marc, you'll quickly get all weepy … 	access conference in beautiful british columbia the official announcement for the canadian library association (cla) emerging technology interest group (etig)-sponsored access conference for went out back in november, announcing vancouver, british columbia, as the host. note that the schedule has changed from its original dates to october - ! i've told a number of people … 	troubleshooting ariel send and receive functionality i'm posting the following instructions for testing the ports required by ariel interlibrary loan software. i get requests for this information a few times a year, and at some point it will be easier to find on my blog than to dig through my email archives from over years … 	chilifresh-using libraries: are you violating copyright? when i was preparing my access presentation about social sharing and aggregation in library software, i came across chilifresh, a company that aggregates reviews written by library patrons from across libraries that subscribe to the company's review service. i was a bit disappointed to see that the service almost … 	on avoiding accusations of forking a project sometimes forking a project is necessary to reassert community control over a project that has become overly dominated by a single corporate rules: see openindiana and libreoffice for recent examples. and in the world of distributed version control systems, forking is viewed positively; it's a form of evolution, where experimental … 	library hackers want you to throw down the gauntlet on october th, a very special event is happening: the access hackfest. a tradition since access , the hackfest brings together library practitioners of all kinds to tackle challenges and problems from the mundane to the sublime to the ridiculous. if you can imagine a spectrum with three axes, you … 	file_marc . . - now offering two tasty flavours of marc-as-json output i've just released the php pear library file_marc . . . this release brings two json serialization output methods for marc to the table: tojsonhash() returns json that adheres to bill dueber's proposal for the array-oriented marc-hash json format at new interest in marc-hash json tojson() returns json that adheres … 	in which i perceive that gossip is not science marshall breeding published the results of his international survey of library automation a few days ago. juicy stuff, with averages, medians, and modes for the negative/positive responses on a variety of ils and vendor-related questions, and some written comments from the respondents. one would expect the library geek … 	pkg_check_modules syntax error near unexpected token 'deps,' the next time you bash your brains against autotools for a while wondering why your perfectly good pkg_check_modules() macro, as cut and paste directly from the recommended configure.ac entry for the package you're trying to integrate (in this case libmemcached), and you get the error message pkg_check_modules syntax error … 	marc library for c# coders c# isn't in my go-to list of programming languages, but i can understand why others would be interested in developing applications in c#. so it's good news to the c# community of library developers (it would be interesting to find out how many of you are out there) that there … 	doing useful things with the txt dump of sfx holdings, part : database there must be other people who have much more intelligent things than me with the txt dump of sfx holdings that you can generate via the web administration interface, but as i've gone through this process at least twice and rediscovered it each time, perhaps i'll save myself an hour … 	transparent acquisitions budgets and expenditures for academic libraries in my most recent post over at the academic matters site, after a general discussion about &quot;new books lists&quot; in academic libraries, i tackle one of the dirty laundry areas for academic libraries: exposing how collection development funds are allocated to departments. here's a relevant quote: for - , we decided … 	making skype work in a windows xp virtualbox guest instance if you, like me, install skype in a windows xp virtualbox guest instance running on an ubuntu host on a thinkpad t with an intel dual-core -bit processor, it might throw windows exceptions and generate error reports as reported in virtualbox ticket # . if you then go into your … 	in which my words also appear elsewhere i'm excited to announce the availability of my first post as an invited contributor to the more than bookends blog over at the revamped academic matters web site. my fellow contributors are anne fullerton and amy greenberg, and i'm delighted to be included with them in our appointed task of … 	presentation: libx and zotero direct link to the instructional presentation on libx and zotero at laurentian university (odt) (pdf) i had the pleasure of giving an instructional session to a class of graduate students on monday, november th. the topic i had been asked to present was an extended version of the artificially enhanced … 	archive of oclc worldcat policy as posted - - i noticed last night (sunday, november nd, ) that the new and much-anticipated / feared oclc worldcat policy had been posted. as far as the clarified terms went, i was willing to give them the benefit of the doubt until they were actually posted. i was first alerted to the freshly … 	dear dan: why is using flash for navigation a bad idea? i received the following email late last week, and took the time to reply to it tonight. i had originally been asked by a friend to help diagnose why his organization's site navigation wasn't working in some of his browsers. i noticed that the navigation bar was implemented in flash … 	boss me around, s'il vous plait my place of work, laurentian university, is looking for a new director of the j.n. desmarais library. the call for applications closes october th. i think our library has done some impressive work (participating in the food security project for the democratic republic of congo, building the mining environment … 	software freedom day - sudbury i opted to do something out of the unusual (for me) this year when i learned about software freedom day; i signed up to organize an event in sudbury. given everything that was already on my plate, it was pure foolishness to do so - but it was also important to … 	in which digital manifestations of myself plague the internets over the past few months, i've been fortunate enough to participate in a few events that have been recorded and made available on the 'net for your perpetual amusement. well - amusing if you're a special sort of person. following are the three latest such adventures, in chronological order: couchdb: delicious … 	test server strategies occasionally on the #openils-evergreen irc channel, a question comes up what kind of hardware a site should buy if they're getting serious about trying out evergreen. i had exactly the same chat with mike rylander back in december, so i thought it might be useful to share the strategy we … 	inspiring confidence that my problem will be solved hmm. i think i'm in trouble if the support site itself is incapable of displaying accented characters properly. corrupted characters in a problem report about corrupted characters. oh dear. my analysis of the problem is that the content in the middle is contained within a frame, and is actually encoded … 	couchdb: delicious sacrilege well, the talk about couchdb (an open-source document database similar in concept to lotus notes, but with a restful api and json as an interchange format) wasn't as much of a train wreck as it could have been. i learned a lot putting it together, and had some fun with … 	oooh... looks like i've got (even more) work cut out for me php is getting a native doubly-linked list structure. this is fabulous news; when i wrote the file_marc pear package, i ended up having to implement a linked list class in pear to support it. file_marc does its job today (even though i haven't taken it out of alpha yet), but … 	geek triumph what a night. i upgraded serendipity, dokuwiki, drupal, involving four different servers and three different linux distros, and shifted one application from one server to another (with seamless redirects from the old server to the new) with close to no downtime. i think this is the first time i've completed … 	a chance to work at laurentian university library hey folks, if you're interested in working at laurentian university, we've got a couple of tenure-track positions looking for qualified people who can stand the thought of working with me... (nothing like narrowing the field dramatically, ah well). the following position descriptions are straight out of the employment vacancies page … 	ariel: go back to your room, now! i've been working on automating the delivery of electronic documents to our patrons; most of the work over the summer was spent in ensuring that we had our legal and policy bases covered. i read through the documentation for ariel, our chosen ill software, to ensure that everything we wanted … 	"a canonical example of a next-generation opac?" ooh, yes, i remember writing that now. not about evergreen, which has book bags and format limiters and facets and whiz-bangy unapi goodness whose potential for causing mayhem has barely been scratched - but about fac-back-opac, the django-and-solr-and-jython beast that mike beccaria and i picked up from casey durfee's scraps pile … 	the pain: discovery layer selection i returned from a week of vacation to land solidly in the middle of a discovery layer selection process -- not for our library, yet, but from a consortial perspective clearly having some impact on possible decisions for us further on down the road. as the systems librarian, i was nominated … 	access draft program is online! i had been getting anxious about the lack of news on the access conference front, but just saw in my trusty rss feed that the draft program schedule is now available. i'm already looking forward to jessamyn west's opening keynote and roy tennant's closing keynote. they always bring … 	evergreen vmware image available for download after much iteration and minor bug-squashing in my configuration, i am pleased to announce the evergreen on gentoo vmware image is available for download. the download itself is approximately mb as a zipped image; when you unzip the image, it will require approximately gb of disk space. ( ) basic instructions … 	in which i make one apology, and two lengthy explanations i recently insulted richard wallis and rob styles of talis by stating on dan chudnov's blog: to me it felt like talis was in full sales mode during both richard's api talk and rob's lightning talk i must apologize for using the terms &quot;sales mode&quot; and &quot;sales pitch&quot; to describe … 	facbackopac: making casey durfee's code talk to unicorn for the past couple of days, i've been playing with casey durfee's code that uses solr and django to offer a faceted catalogue. my challenge? turn a dense set of code focused on dewey and horizon ils into a catalogue that speaks lc and unicorn. additionally, i want it to … 	lightning talk: file_marc for php i gave a lightning talk at the code lib conference today on “file_marc for php” introducing the file_marc library to anybody who hasn't already heard about it. i crammed nine slides of information into five minutes, which was hopefully enough to convince people to start using it and provide feedback on … 	google summer of code lib? google just announced that they will start accepting applications in march for the google summer of code (gsoc) . in , over organizations participated in the gsoc, and google expects to have a similar number participating in . there are no lack of potential open-source development projects in the … 	long time, no wild conjecture so here's the first of two posts based on purely wild conjecture. in a lengthening chain of trackbacks, ryan eby mentioned christina's observation that springlink has started displaying google ads, presumably to supplement their subscription and pay-per-article income. ryan goes on to wonder: will vendors continue with the subscription model … 	a short-term sirsidynix prediction the second of tonight's wild conjecture-based predictions. one of the things that i was thinking about as i was shovelling the snow off our driveway on monday (other than yes! finally some snow... one of these days amber is going to go rolling around in it) was the position that … 	reflections at the start of was a year full of change - wonderful, exhausting change. here's a month-by-month summary of the highlights of : january i did a whole lot of work on the pecl ibm_db extension, reviewed a good book on xml and php, and finally fixed up my blog a little bit. i've … 	oh, vista has _acquired_ sirsidynix... a little over a week ago, i made the following prediction following the extremely under-the-radar press release on december nd that vista equity partners was investing in sirsidynix: i'll go out on a limb and say that a merger or acquisition of sirsidynix in is unlikely ( % confidence), but … 	musing about sirsidynix's new investment partner sirsi corporation merged with dynix corporation in june . now sirsidynix has announced that vista equity partners is investing in their company. let's take a look at vista's investment philosophy: *we invest in companies that uniquely leverage technology to deliver best-of-class products or services.* i wonder if vista confused &quot;most … 	save your forehead from flattening prematurely i gave up on trying to get ubuntu . (edgy eft) to run ejabberd today; it looks like there are some fundamental issues going on between the version of erlang and the version of ejabberd that get bundled together. that was a fairly serious setback to my &quot;evergreen on … 	bibliocommons wireframe walk-through after the future of the ils symposium wrapped up, beth jefferson walked some of us through the current state of the bibliocommons mocked-up web ui for public library catalogs; the project grew out of a youth literacy project designed to encourage kids to read through the same sort of social … 	future of the ils symposium: building our community and a business case i headed down to windsor early on tuesday morning for the future of the ils symposium hosted by the leddy library at the university of windsor. it was a good thing i decided to take the hours of bus + train approach to getting there, as sudbury's airport was completely … 	neat-o: archimède uses apache derby a while back i mentioned on the dspace-devel mailing list that i was interested in adapting dspace to use embedded apache derby as the default database, rather than postgresql, as a means of lowering the installation and configuration barriers involved with setting up access to an external database. i haven't … 	pear file_marc . . alpha officially released just a short note to let y'all know that i received the thumbs-up from my fellow pear developers to add file_marc as an official pear package. what does this mean? well, assuming you have php . + and pear installed, you can now download and install file_marc and its prerequisite … 	belated access notes: saturday, oct. th final entry in publishing my own hastily jotted access conference notes--primarily for my own purposes, but maybe it will help you indirectly find some real content relating to your field of interest at the official podcast/presentation web site for access . contents include: consortial updates from asin, quebec … 	getting the goods: libraries and the last mile in my continuing series of publishing my access notes, roy tennant's keynote on finishing the task of connecting our users to the information they need is something to which every librarian should pay attention. if you don't understand something i've written, there's always the podcast of roy's talk. in … 	access notes: october my continuing summaries from access . thursday, october th was the first &quot;normal&quot; day of the conference featuring the following presentations: open access, open source, content deals: who pays? (leslie weir) our ontario: yours to recover (art rhyno, walter lewis) improving the catalogue interface using endeca (tito sierra) lightning talks … 	library geeks in human form so, i think i read somewhere on #code lib that dan chudnov, the most excellent host of the library geeks podcast, refused to make human-readable links to the mp files for the podcasts available in plain old html because he had bought into the stodgy old definition of podcasts (hah! &quot;stodgy … 	double-barreled php releases i'm the proud parent of two new releases over the past couple of days: one official pear release for linked list fans, and another revision of the file_marc proposal for library geeks. structures_linkedlist a few days ago marked the first official pear release of the structures_linkedlist. yes, it's only at … 	feeling sorry for our vendor so i'm here in rainy alabama (the weather must have followed me from ottawa) taking a training course from our ils vendor. i'm getting some disturbing insights into the company that are turning my general state of disbelief at the state of the system that we're paying lots of money … 	backlog of access notes following on my plea for access to access presentations, i'm in the process of posting the notes i took at the carl instutitional repository pre-conference and access . i probably should have posted these to a wiki so that others (like the presenters) could go ahead and make corrections/additions … 	calling for access to all future access presentations it's a bit late now, but as the guy in the corner with the clicky keyboard desperately trying to take notes during the presentations (when not stifling giggles and snorts from #code lib), i would be a lot more relaxed if i was certain that the presentations were going to be … 	secretssss of free wifi at access the bulk of the access conference is being held at a hotel-that-shall-not-be-named-for-reasons-that-will-become-apparent-shortly in ottawa this week. i was at the carl pre-conference on institutional repositories today and a kind man (wayne johnston from the university of guelph) tipped me off that the hotel's pay-for-wifi system is a little bit … 	laundry list systems librarians on the always excellent techessence, dorothea salo posted hiring a systems librarian. the blog post warned against libraries who put together a “laundry-list job description” for systems librarians: sure, it'd be nice to have someone who can kick-start a printer, put together a desktop machine from scraps, re-architect a website … 	file_marc and structure_linked_list: new alpha releases earlier in the month i asked for feedback on the super-alpha marc package for php. most of the responses i received were along the lines of &quot;sounds great!&quot; but there hasn't been much in the way of real suggestions for improvement. in the mean time, i've figured out (with lukas … 	super-alpha marc package for php: comments requested okay, i've been working on this project (let's call it pear_marc, although it's not an official pear project yet) in my spare moments over the past month or two. it's a new php package for working with marc records. the package tries to follow the pear project standards (coding, documentation … goodhomiesigns_parkjamflyer_ - - _ .jpg - google drive sign in falvey memorial library :: the collection of blogs published by falvey memorial library, villanova university skip navigation falvey memorial library visit / apply / give my library account 	 collections 	 research services 	 using the library 	 about falvey memorial library search everything books & media title journal title author subject call number isbn/issn tag articles & more article title article author other libraries (ill) ill title ill author ill subject ill call number ill isbn/issn library website guides digital library search for books, articles, library site, almost anything advanced you are exploring: home > blogs falvey memorial library blog falvey library blogs falvey memorial library hours: december –january december , library newscontactless pickup, covid- , fall , holiday closure, holiday hours, illiad, interlibrary loan, library access, service hours, service updates electronic collections (articles, e-books, and more!) are accessible through our website / . please visit the fall semester faq page for more details. click here for printable calendar. dec. – (fall semester hours) service hours: a.m.– . ... read more caturday: peace on earth december , library news'caturday, library, peace on earth, villanova “i pray my wish will come true for my child and your child too he’ll see the day of glory see the day when men of good will live in peace, live in peace again” —”peace on earth/little drummer boy” by david bowie and ... read more foto friday: presidential papers december , library newsfoto friday, library resources, memoir, president barack obama, presidential memoirs, presidential papers   former president barack obama’s memoir “a promised land” is the latest presidential memoir to be released. the first of two volumes, the book “encompasses parts of his early political life and his presidential ... read more #tbt: christmas through the years part december , library newsbelle aire, christmas, holidays, jenna newman, tbt, throwback, throwback thursday, yearbook in honor of the christmas countdown being in full swing, for the next three weeks our throwback thursdays are going to focus on past christmases at villanova. for our first christmas throwback, we’re taking it back a decade to the - 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� ... read more available for proofreading: boy scouts at sea december , blue electrode: sparking between silicon and paperproject gutenberg the scouting movement was very popular in the early twentieth century, so it is not too surprising that a lot of juvenile novels were released featuring boy scouts and members of similar groups. our latest distributed proofreaders project comes ... read more foto friday: villanova university literary festival speaker featured in national book awards december , library news national book awards, brit bennett, literary festival, the mothers, the vanishing half brit bennett, a villanova university literary festival speaker, was featured in the national book awards. her novel, the vanishing half was included in the longlist for fiction. the novel tells the story of two sisters: “the vignes ... read more 	 												 													 													 													 												 											 search falvey library blogs categories 	blue electrode: sparking between silicon and paper 	library news 	resources 	technology developments feeds 	content 	comments meta 		log in   last modified: december , lancaster ave., villanova, pa . . contact 		directions privacy & security 		diversity 		higher education act 		my nova 		villanova a-z 		directory 		work at villanova 		accessibility 	 ask us: live chat measuring the web crawler ethics measuring the web crawler ethics c. lee giles college of information sciences and technology pennsylvania state university university park, pa, usa giles@ist.psu.edu yang sun aol research villa st mountain view, ca, usa yang.sun@corp.aol.com isaac g. councill google inc. ninth avenue th floor new york, ny, usa icouncill@gmail.com abstract web crawlers are highly automated and seldom regulated manually. the diversity of crawler activities often leads to ethical problems such as spam and service attacks. in this research, quantitative models are proposed to measure the web crawler ethics based on their behaviors on web servers. we investigate and define rules to measure crawler ethics, referring to the extent to which web crawlers respect the regulations set forth in robots.txt configuration files. we propose a vector space model to represent crawler behav- ior and measure the ethics of web crawlers based on the behavior vectors. the results show that ethicality scores vary significantly among crawlers. most commercial web crawlers’ behaviors are ethical. however, many commer- cial crawlers still consistently violate or misinterpret certain robots.txt rules. we also measure the ethics of big search engine crawlers in terms of return on investment. the re- sults show that google has a higher score than other search engines for a us website but has a lower score than baidu for chinese websites. categories and subject descriptors k. . [public policy issues]: ethics; k. . [public pol- icy issues]: privacy general terms measurement, design, experimentation, algorithms keywords robots.txt, web crawler ethics, ethicality, privacy . introduction web crawlers have been widely used for search engines as well as many other web applications to collect content from the web. these crawlers are highly automated and seldom regulated manually. with the fast growing online services relying on web crawlers to collect web pages, the function- alities and activities of web crawlers have become extremely diverse. crawler activities typically include requests of web pages for general-purpose text indexing and searching, ex- traction of email and personal identity information for busi- ness purposes as well as for malicious purposes. accessing copyright is held by the author/owner(s). www , april – , , raleigh, north carolina, usa. acm - - - - / / . the web information with automated web crawlers can lead to ethical problems of privacy and security. for example, crawlers can extract personal contact information for spam purposes and identity theft. crawlers may also overload a website such that normal user access is impeded. web crawler activities can be regulated from the server side by deploying robots exclusion protocol (a set of rules in a file called robots.txt) in the root directory of a website, allow- ing webmasters to indicate to visiting crawlers which parts of their sites should not be visited as well as a minimum time interval between visits. a recent study shows more than % of active websites employ this standard to reg- ulate crawler activities [ , ]. however, since the robots exclusion protocol (rep) serves only as an unenforced ad- visory to crawlers, web crawlers may ignore the rules and access part of the forbidden information on a website. vi- olating the robots.txt rules can lead to serious privacy and security concerns. thus, measuring crawler ethics becomes an important task to help detecting improper crawler behav- ior in early stages as well as identifying unethical crawlers. the issues of crawler ethics, however, did not bring enough attention to the research community and are under studied. crawler ethics are not limited to whether crawlers obeying website rules, but also can be studied in terms of the value provide to websites. if a crawler provides zero value to the crawled website, it should also be considered less ethical than those who provide positive values. in this research, we propose a vector space model of mea- suring web crawler ethics based on the robots exclusion protocol. we define the ethicality metric to measure web crawler ethics. we also study the ethics of big search engine crawlers in terms of return on investment where crawler vis- its are considered investments from websites and correspond- ing search engine traffic is considered as returns. the results show that google has a much higher score in us websites but has a lower score than baidu in chinese websites. . related work the ethical factors are examined from three perspectives [ ] : denial of service, cost, and privacy. an ethical crawl guideline is described for crawler owners to follow. this guideline suggests taking legal action or initiating a profes- sional organization to regulate web crawlers. our research adopts these perspectives of crawler ethics and expands it to a computational measure. the ethical issues of administrat- ing web crawlers are discussed in [ ]. it provides a guideline for ethical crawlers to follow. the guideline also gives great insights to our research of ethics measurements. however, www • poster april - • raleigh • nc • usa none of the above mentioned work provides a quantitative measure of web crawler ethics. . crawler behavior model in our research, each web crawler’s behavior is modeled as a vector in the rule space where rules are specified by robots exclusion protocol to regulate the crawler behavior. if a crawler violates a rule, the corresponding vector element is larger than . websites can also be modeled in the rules space that if a website includes a rule in its robots.txt file, the corresponding vector element is larger than . the ac- tual value for a rule element can be defined based on the consequences or cost of violating such rule. we define content ethicality ec and access ethicality ea scores to evaluate web crawler ethics. in content ethicality, cost is defined as the number of restricted web pages or web directories being unethically accessed (see eq. ). ec(c) = ∑ wi∈w ||vc(wi)|| ||d(wi)|| . ( ) access ethicality is defined as how a crawler respects the desired visit interval (crawl-delay rule in robots.txt file) of the website(see eq. ). ea(r) = ∑ wi∈w e−(intervalc(wi)−delay(wi)) + e−(intervalc(wi)−delay(wi)) ( ) a major advantage for websites allowing search engine crawlers to crawl their web pages is that the search engines bring traffic back to them. from this perspective, being ethical for a web crawler means bringing more visits back to the crawled websites. the effective ethicality of search engine s to a website can be defined as the ratio between the user visits referred by the search engine to the website and visits generated by the crawler r of the search engine to the website (see eq. ). eeffective(r) = referenced(s) crawled(r) ( ) . experiments rank user-agent content ethicality hyperestraier/ . . . teemer . msnbot-media/ . . yahoo! slurp . charlotte/ . b . gigabot/ . . nutch test/nutch- . . googlebot-image/ . . ask jeeves/teoma . googlebot/ . . table : content ethicality scores for crawlers vis- ited our test site. table and list the content and access ethicality results for top crawlers that visited our test website during the time of the study. higher ethicality scores represent unethical crawlers. the effective ethicality of google, yahoo, msn and baidu are shown in table . the data is collected between / / rank user-agent access ethicality msnbot-media/ . . hyperestraier/ . . . yahoo! slurp/ . . teemer . arietis/nutch- . . msnbot/ . . disco/nutch- . -dev . ia archiver . gigabot/ . . googlebot/ . . table : access ethicality scores for crawlers visited our test site. to / / . site is citeseerx, a large scale academic digital library for computer science. site is a chinese movie information website. site is guopi.com, an online makeup retail store. . conclusions we formally defined three ethicality scores to measure web crawler ethics. results show that most commercial crawlers receive a good ethicality scores. however, it is surprising to see commercial crawlers constantly disobeying or misin- terpreting some robots.txt rules. the crawling algorithms and policies that lead to such behaviors are unknown. how- ever, obtaining more content is an obvious reason for most crawlers failing to obey certain rules. website crawled referenced ereturn google site . site . site . yahoo site . site . site . msn site . site . site . baidu site . site . site . table : comparison of the effectiveness of google, yahoo, msn and baidu. the effective ethicality scores of search engines varies sig- nificantly for different websites. ranking by the referenced visits, google plays a dominating role in the us based site and ranks the nd and rd in the two china based websites. baidu leads in the search market in china. . references [ ] d. eichmann. ethical web agents. computer networks and isdn systems, ( - ): – , . [ ] s. kolay, p. d’alberto, a. dasdan, and a. bhattacharjee. a larger scale study of robots.txt. in www ’ : proceeding of the th international conference on world wide web, pages – , new york, ny, usa, . acm. [ ] y. sun, z. zhuang, and c. l. giles. a large-scale study of robots.txt. in www ’ , . [ ] m. thelwall and d. stuart. web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. j. am. soc. inf. sci. technol., ( ): – , november . www • poster april - • raleigh • nc • usa none annual reports - google drive javascript must be enabled to use google drive.learn more drive 	 account 	 search 	 maps 	 youtube 	 play 	 news 	 gmail 	 meet 	 contacts 	 drive 	 calendar 	 translate 	 photos 	 duo 	 chrome 	 shopping 	 finance 	 docs 	 sheets 	 slides 	 books 	 blogger 	 hangouts 	 keep 	 jamboard 	 earth 	 collections 	 arts and culture 	 google ads 	 podcasts 	 stadia more from google sign in drive google apps main menu terry's worklog – on my work (programming, digital libraries, cataloging) and other stuff that perks my interest (family, cycling, etc) 	skip to content 	 			home 	about me 	marcedit homepage 	github page 	privacy policy 	 	 		 			 				 									terry's worklog 							 				 					 						 						 						 					 				 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 				 										 	 	marcedit . update status 			by reeset / on november , / in uncategorized 	 	i’m planning to start making testing versions of the new marcedit instance available around the first of the year broadly, to a handful of testers in mid-dec.  the translation from .net . . to .net was more significant than i would have thought – and includes a number of swapped default values – so hunting down behavior changes.  currently, the follow updates have been completed. 	framework used: .net . 	rda helper: $e process modified. added criteria to $e generation. previously, if a $e is already present, an new $e wasn’t added. now, if a $e or $ is present, a $e won’t be generated. 	rda helper: changes related to rda updates 	added new elements to the new window programs for pinning 	xml editor: delete block element added 	xml editor: xquery processing option 	if a set of records include bibliographic and authority records, the rda helper will skip the authority records 	updated installation wizard (allows migration of .x and .x content into the tool) 	updating oclc integration to use new metadata api search 	delimited text translator — added ability to use custom mnemonic replacements 	delimited text translator — no longer a stand alone program 	app part of main marcedit app 	command line options folded into marcedit app 	[in process] linked data rules file version 	enhancements to the rules file schema 	-tr 	 					 	 	changes to system.diagnostics.process in .net core 			by reeset / on november , / in uncategorized 	 	 in .net core, one of the changes that caught me by surprise is the change related to starting processes.  in the .net framework – you can open a web site, file, etc. just by using the following:\ system.diagnostics.process.start(path); however, in .net core – this won’t work.  when trying to open a file, the process will fail – reporting that a program isn’t associated with the file type.  when trying to open a folder on the system, the process will fail with a permission error unless the application is running with administrator permissions (which you don’t want to be doing).  the change is related to a change in a property default – specifically: system.diagnostics.processstartinfo.useshellexecute in the .net framework – this property is set to true by default.  in the .net core, it is set to false.  the difference here probably makes sense – .net core is meant to be more portable and you do need to change this value on some systems.  to fix this, i’d recommend removing any direct calls to this assembly and run in through a function like this: <code> public static void openurl(string url) { var psi = new system.diagnostics.processstartinfo { filename = url, useshellexecute = true }; try { system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } catch { psi.useshellexecute = false; system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } } public static void openfileorfolder(string spath, string sarg = "") { var psi = new system.diagnostics.processstartinfo { filename = spath, useshellexecute = true }; try { system.io.fileattributes attr = system.io.file.getattributes(spath); if ((attr & system.io.fileattributes.directory) == system.io.fileattributes.directory) { system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } else { if (sargs.trim().length != ) { psi.arguments = sargs; } system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } } catch { psi.useshellexecute = false; system.io.fileattributes attr = system.io.file.getattributes(spath); if ((attr & system.io.fileattributes.directory) == system.io.fileattributes.directory) { system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } else { if (sargs.trim().length != ) { psi.arguments = sargs; } system.diagnostics.process.start(psi); } } since this vexed me for a little bit – i’m putting this here so i don’t forget. tr 	 					 	 	marcedit . /marcedit mac . work 			by reeset / on november , / in marcedit 	 	every year, around this time, i try to dedicate significant time to address any large project work that may have been percolating around marcedit.  this year will be no different.  over the past months, i’ve been working on moving marcedit away from the .net . . framework to .net core . .  there a lot of reasons for looking at this, the most important being that this is the direction microsoft is taking the framework – a move to unify the various .net development platforms to make distribution and maintenance easier.  well, with the release of .net this nov., all the tools i need to officially make this transition are now in place. so, over the next two months, i’ll be working on shifting marcedit away from framework . . and to .net .  i believe this will be possible – i only have concerns about two libraries that i rely on – and if i have to, both are open source so i can look at potentially spending time helping the project maintainers target a non-framework build.  my hope is to have a working version of marcedit using net by thanksgiving that i can start unit testing and testing locally.  of course, with this change, i’ll also have to change the installer process.  the reason is that this transition will remove the necessity of having to have .net installed on one’s machine.  one of the changes to the framework is the ability to publish self contained applications – allowing for faster startup and lower memory usage.  this is something i’m excited about as i currently move slowly updating build frameworks due to the need to have these frameworks installed locally.  by removing that dependency, i’m hoping to be able to take advantages of changes to the c# language that make programming easier and more efficient, while also allowing me to remove some of the work around code i’ve had to develop to account for bugs or limitations in previous frameworks. finally, this change is going to simplify a lot of cross platform development – and once the initial transition has occurred, i’ll be spending time working on expanding the marcedit macos version.  there are a couple of areas where this program still lacks parity in relation to the windows version, and these changes will give me the opportunity to close many of these gaps.  –tr 	 					 	 	marcedit: identifying invalid utf- data in marc records 			by reeset / on september , / in marcedit 	 	 ah dante – if only he had been a librarian.  i’m almost certain that had the divine comedy been written by a cataloger – character encodings and those that mangle them – would definitely make an appearance.  i can almost see the story in my head.  our wayward traveler, confused when our guide, virgil, comments on the unholy mess libraries, vendors, and tool writers in general have made of the implementation of utf- across the library spectrum – takes us to the th circle of hell filled with broken characters and undefined character boxes.  but spend anytime working in metadata management today, and the problems of mixed unicode normalizations, the false equivalency of iso- - and utf- (especially by vendors that server western european markets), lackluster font development, and applications and programming languages that quietly and happily mangle utf- data as part of general course – and you can suddenly see why we might make a stop at the lake of fire and eternal damnation. within marcedit, one of the hardest things that the application does is attempt to correct and normalize character encodings across the various known codepoints.  this isn’t super easy – especially when our marc forepersons made that fateful decision to create marc- , a % imaginary character encoding only (kind of) supported within the library community and software.  these kinds of decisions, and the desire to maintain legacy compatibility, has haunted our metadata and made working with it immensely complicated.  sometimes, these complications can be managed, other times, they are so gruesomely mangled that brutus, himself, would cry yield.  that’s what this new option will attempt to help remediate. through the years, i’ve often helped individuals come up with a wide variety of ways to identify invalid utf- characters that litter library records.  sometimes, this can be straightforward, but more often, it’s not.  to that end, i’ve attempted to provide a couple of tools that will hopefully help to identify and support some kind of remediation for catalogers haunted by the specter of bad data. identification the first enhancement comes in the marcvalidator.  when validating a record against the rules file, the tool will automatically attempt to determine if utf- data (if present) found within a record is valid.  if not, the information will be presented as a warning – identifying the field, record number, and data where the invalid data was identified. by facilitating a process to identify invalid utf- record data within the validator – the idea is that this will empower catalogers looking to take a more active role in rooting out bad diacritical data before a record is loaded into the catalog and  made available to the public. removing bad data in addition to identification, i’ve added three new options to give users different options for dealing with invalid character data. delete subfields added to the edit subfield utility – i’ve included an option to evaluate and delete a subfield if invalid character set data is encountered. delete fields added to the add/delete field utility – i’ve included an option to evaluate and delete a field if invalid character set data is encountered. delete records added to the delete records tool within the marceditor – i’ve included an option to delete a record if a field or field group has been identified as having invalid character set data.  additionally, this tool will create a second file in the same directory as the file being processed, that will contain the deleted records in a file structured as: [name of original file]_bad_yyyymmddhhmmss.mrk caveat emptor hopefully, the above sounds useful.  i think it will be.  there have been many times where i wish i had these tools readily at my fingertips.  if it were only this easy.  i believe i mentioned above….encodings are difficult.  the unicode specification is constantly changing, and identifying invalid characters is definitely more art than science in many cases.  there are tools and established algorithms.  i use these approaches.  i’m also leveraging a method with the .net framework — charunicodeinfo.getunicodecategory – which attempts to take a character and break it down into its character classification.  when a character isn’t classified – that’s usually a good indicator that it’s not valid.  but this process won’t catch everything – but it hopefully will provide a good starting point for users vexed with these issues and in need of a tool in their toolbox to attempt to remediate them. conclusion my hope is that these new options will give catalogers a little more control and insight into their records – specifically given how invisible character encoding issues often are.  and maybe too, by shedding light on this most vexing of issues, i can buy myself a little less time in cataloging purgatory as i’m sure there will come a point, somewhere, sometime, where my own contributions to keeping marc alive and active will be held to account. these new options will show up in marcedit and marcedit mac in versions . . (windows) and . . (mac). questions, let me know. –tr [ ] the fifth circle, illustrated by stradanus (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/inferno_(dante)#/media/file:stradano_inferno_canto_ .jpg) 	 					 	 	marcedit . . 			by reeset / on august , / in marcedit 	 	i’ve worked on a number of updates this weekend– here is the list: ui changes i’ve removed the quick links on the front page, and changed this to a list of selectable topics.  this will make it easier for me to add to this list. i’ve added a new quick access button to the top ribbon.  at this point, this isn’t configurable.  will work to make it configurable later. these quick access items have been added to the marc tools window – with the removal of the old quick links as well. network changes marcedit uses .net . . .  internally, the tool has traditionally used the httpwebrequest assembly.  accessing this assembly directly has been deprecated, with the preferred method shifting to the system.net.http assembly.  this is object is thread-safe and works natively with the system.threading.tasks structure.  this also has the benefit of allowing me to allow .net to gracefully support older tls standards, which isn’t the default.  by default, .net selects support for the default tls instance utilized by the operating system and disables older standards.  this is problematic – and these changes will give me more control over which tls instances are supported and how fallback is supported.  this required updating assemblies. marceditor changes bug fix:  when opening mrc records into the marceditor, a memory leak can occur with large files.  i’ve corrected this. bug fix: marcedit uses a custom created control that allows the tool to select the most current version of the richtext library when showing the marceditor.  in .net . – there appears to have been behavior change, in the that names used to register classes in windows needed to be all upper case.  if they weren’t then an error would be thrown when mixing the enhanced control and the .net frameworks default richtextbox control (which uses the older richtext library).  for example: if internally, the enhanced control used richedit w and then the richtextbox was used, the program would throw an error.  this wasn’t a problem in marcedit, because i only use the enhanced control, but users that may create plugins against marcedit may experience issues.  the correction is the use uppercase text to normalize class names now used by .net . + (example: richedit w). z . /sru changes enhancement: cleaned up some code related to how records display inside the results viewer when pulling non-marc data. validate headings behavior change: check $a only with subjects.  when working with x or – this setting doesn’t work like folks might expect.  this is because names often include additional information that must be provided or false variants can be noted.  when working with x or data – the program will now include all subfields used when validating the xx fields and update data with variants accordingly.  when $a isn’t selected, then the tool will utilize all fields noted as used for validation in the rules file.  this is a behavior change, but likely more in line with the expectations that i’m guess most folks have when using the $a option. behavior change: when changing variants – it appears that multiple $a’s would be placed.  i’m not sure if there was a change on the source record side or not – so instead, i just updated the code to ensure that the tool validated specific data before making updates. –tr 	 					 	 	build new field changes 			by reeset / on july , / in marcedit 	 	** updated: official help page in the kb: https://marcedit.reeset.net/build-new-field this isn’t going to meet all the use cases i’ve seen – but this should address the most common question that comes up – the ability to have the build new field generate multiple fields. the process will be based on the presence or lack of a new element in the pattern – a variable marker that will marcedit uses internally to hold an internal variable. example: =   \\$amiu$cmiu =   \\$abds$beng$cbds$doclcq$dabcu =   \\$aengrusger =   \\$ae-gx—$ae-uk—$an-us— =   \\$atk $b(internet) $c[uk.] say we have these fields – and the pattern i want to create is a field, and in that field, i want to create a new field for each $a – but i would also like to have the $a to be a part of the pattern. the new pattern would look like this: =   \\$a{ $a[x]} : { $a} this pattern would generate the following results: =   \\$amiu : tk =   \\$abds : tk if i changed the pattern to: =   \\$a{ $a} : { $a} the program falls back to use the current functionality (only one field is created). please note, you cannot ask for a specific to be used (outside of using find/reg functions inside the pattern) – the data inside the [x] isn’t an integer you can set.  it is a value that indicates to marcedit that the subfield should be tracked and multiple fields are desired. the [x] syntax works both after the subfield or after the field number, with data being scoped based on the location of the [x].  any other value other than [x] will likely result in inconsistent results.  the [x] bracket is a reserved element within the field to indicate that multiple field generation is desired, and to tell the program to tokenize the data marked. finally – the tool placed data in the index range of the new field being generated.  so, consider this example: =   \\$amiu$cmiu =   \\$abds$beng$cbds$doclcq$dabcu =   \\$aengrusger =   \\$ae-gx—$ae-uk—$an-us— =   \\$atk $b(internet) $c[uk.] if i used the following pattern: =   \\$a{ $a[x]} : { $a[x]} the expected results would be: =   \\$amiu : tk =   \\$abds : why?  because the tool will slot values marked with the multi-field value [x] into the same field groups.  since only one $a exists, the tool only updates the field group that it belongs.  however, if i had the following data: =   \\$amiu$cmiu =   \\$abds$beng$cbds$doclcq$dabcu =   \\$aengrusger =   \\$ae-gx—$ae-uk—$an-us— =   \\$atk $b(internet) $c[uk.] =   \\$ag $b(internet) and used this pattern: =   \\$a{ $a[x]} : { $a[x]} i would expect the following result: =   \\$amiu : tk =   \\$abds : g again – internally, marcedit is creating tokens of data with the [x] and placing them within the same scope.  so, the tool would create new fields, placing data within the same scope onto the new fields. i started making these changes with the last update – and have finished updating the tokenization algorithms so that the tracking of the data is correct.  i’ll be turning this new option on with the next update – and across both the windows and mac version. since the presence of the [x] is necessary to turn on the multi-field generation, any existing patterns within tasks shouldn’t be impacted by the changes.  they will work as they had previously.  only patterns with the new [x] structure will activate the new processing logic. 	 					 	 	marcedit shelter-in-place webinar : automated editing through scripts and tooling 			by reeset / on may , / in marcedit 	 	 . when: may , : am eastern time (us and canada) register in advance for this meeting: https://osu.zoom.us/meeting/register/tjypdu srjsrgn nzmfiiezsvv–xphm ch after registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the meeting. 	 					 	 	summary of recent marcedit changes between feb. –may , 			by reeset / on may , / in marcedit 	 	like a lot of folks, i’ve been working from home and have had some free time to do some extra work on marcedit.  nearly all of these changes (save for the xml editor) were made in the mac version as well (or will be made in the mac version by weeks end (specifically, the bibframe marc integration). at this point, i’m doing some additional work adding some additional transliterations, updating the bibframe marc tool to make it more performant, and adding xquery support to the xml editor for both editing and transformations. anyway, here’s the list of changes that have been implemented over the past couple months. transliterations: the library of congress provided me with their rules files for their transliteration work.  so, i’ve been working on adding new transliterations to the applications.  so far, this includes: 	latin yiddish 	latin serbian 	serbian to latin 	classical greek to latin 	latin to classical greek 	latin to belorussian 	belorussian to latin 	bulgarian to latin 	latin to bulgarian 	latin to russian 	russian to latin 	latin to ukrainian 	ukrainian to latin 	updates to latin to arabic 	update to arabic to latin additionally, i updated the transliteration tool to allow for transliterations to be run over the entire file, as well as new configuration settings to determine which fields/subfields should be included and excluded from the transliteration process. installer changes: 	added pre-check tool that determines if a mismatched version of the application is installed.  this way, you cannot install the user and administrator version of marcedit on the same machine. 	updated a bug/behavior change in windows - cumulative update that caused registry keys on bit systems to write to the -bit hive. 	added an updated chinese language file for the marcedit ui format translations: 	integrated the bibframe marc translation released by the us library of congress.  additionally, enhanced the tool so that it can be run over a file with multiple works and instances, rather than a single work/instance pair. 	add the json marc, marc json, and xml to json processing functions to the batch records processing tool new and updated tools: 	added an xml editor to marcedit.  this is a light-weight xml editor that supports find/replace, as well as xsl transformation testing. 	updated the marccompare application template to provide options to just show changed records. 	updated the ils integration tooling with a new ui to make it easier to add new integrations, and provide templates for known ils integration patterns. 	updated a large number of dependency files related to saxon and the linked data framework in marcedit.  these changes introduced a bug in the clustering tool, which was later fixed. 	added an application error log to make debugging specific issues easier. 	updated the deduplication records tool to allow users running the tool outside of the marceditor to run the tool on a single file. 	updated the classify tool to allow call numbers to be added to any field.  previously, there was a rule that limited call numbers to fields less than . 	updated the marcedit command-line tool to make the silent function a bit more silent.  there were a few instances where the terminal, regardless of if the silent option was set, would output feedback. 	i added a new troubleshooting tool on the main window that will now guide users through the importing of settings data from previous versions of marcedit (had a user not imported the data on update) marceditor changes: 	fixed a bug in the conditional replace function that was causing regular expressions to be interpreted as simple in-string searches when using the and/or conditionals. 	added the ability to show line numbers in the marceditor. 	returned the ability to have marcedit highlight the active line. 	added a new edit shortcut that allows users to add a generic ldr field to any records missing one. 	updated the task debugger ui 	added the task debugger to the macos version 	 					 	 	marcedit . . updates 			by reeset / on april , / in uncategorized 	 	there is one update that i want to highlight related to the new update, and that related to the installer.  i noticed that with the windows - cumulative update, registry reflection (the process of moving registry keys into the -bit hive), has affected the marcedit installer.  this directly impacts the applications ability to determine which type of installer the program should download when doing automated updates.  to fix this – i’ve added a check to the application that will see if there is a type mismatch between the installer downloaded and the version of marcedit currently installed.  this new check will prompt users to let them know that the mismatch exists and provide and option to uninstall the existing system or to stop the installation. i’ve recorded an explanation of exactly what is happening here: if you have trouble, please let me know. –tr 	 					 	 	marcedit shelter-in-place webinar : making regular expressions work for you in marcedit 			by reeset / on april , / in uncategorized 	 	 when: may , : am eastern time (us and canada) register in advance for this meeting: https://osu.zoom.us/meeting/register/tjevceihpziuhnd pzl lpcn gbprgb qr after registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the meeting. 	 					 					 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 								 			 			 	 	 	 		search for: 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 								 					 						terry's worklog 						 terry's worklog © . - 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feedback web privacy notice cookie settings course explorer works best with javascript enabled vtditc_hhrace- .png - google drive sign in vtditc_hh&civility.png - google drive sign in learning (lib)tech learning (lib)tech stories from my life as a technologist 	reflection part : my second year at gitlab and on becoming senior again this reflection is a direct continuation of part of my time at gitlab so far. if you haven&# ;t, please read the first part before beginning this one. becoming an engineer ( months) the more time i spent working in support, the more i realized that the job was much more technical than i originally &# ; continue reading "reflection part : my second year at gitlab and on becoming senior&# ;again" 	reflection part : my first year at gitlab and becoming senior about a year ago, i wrote a reflection on summit and contribute, our all staff events, and later that year, wrote a series of posts on the gitlab values and culture from my own perspective. there is a lot that i mention in the blog post series and i&# ;ll try not to repeat myself (too &# ; continue reading "reflection part : my first year at gitlab and becoming&# ;senior" 	is blog reading dead? there was a bit more context to the question, but a friend recently asked me: what you do think? is blogging dead? i think blogging the way it used to work is (mostly) dead. back in the day, we had a bunch of blogs and people who subscribe to them via email and rss feeds. &# ; continue reading "is blog reading&# ;dead?" 	working remotely at home as a remote worker during a pandemic i&# ;m glad that i still have a job, that my life isn&# ;t wholly impacted by the pandemic we&# ;re in, but to say that nothing is different just because i was already a remote worker would be wrong. the effect the pandemic is having on everyone around you has affects your life. it seems obvious to &# ; continue reading "working remotely at home as a remote worker during a&# ;pandemic" 	code libbc lightning talk notes: day code libbc day lightning talk notes! code club for adults/seniors &# ; dethe elza richmond public library, digital services technician started code clubs, about years ago used to call code and coffee, chain event, got little attendance had code codes for kids, teens, so started one for adults and seniors for people who have done &# ; continue reading "code libbc lightning talk notes: day&# ; " 	code libbc lightning talk notes: day code libbc day lightning talk notes! scraping index pages and vufind implementation &# ; louise brittain boisvert systems librarian at legislative collection development policy: support legislators and staff, receive or collect publications, many of them digital but also some digitized (mostly pdf, but others) accessible via link in marc record previously, would create an index page &# ; continue reading "code libbc lightning talk notes: day&# ; " 	presentation: implementing values in practical ways this was presented at code libbc . slides slides on github hi everyone, hope you’re enjoying code libbc so far. while i’m up here, i just want to take a quick moment to thank the organizers past and present. we’re on our th one and still going strong. i hope to continue attending and see this event &# ; continue reading "presentation: implementing values in practical&# ;ways" 	implementing values: learning from gitlab: transparency this is the sixth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab&# ;s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. transparency i have never encountered an organization that was more open &# ; continue reading "implementing values: learning from gitlab:&# ;transparency" 	implementing values: learning from gitlab: iteration this is the fifth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab&# ;s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. iteration iteration is closely intertwined with results since the better we &# ; continue reading "implementing values: learning from gitlab:&# ;iteration" 	implementing values: learning from gitlab: diversity &# ; inclusion this is the fourth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab&# ;s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. diversity &# ; inclusion there are a number of initiatives around diversity &# ; continue reading "implementing values: learning from gitlab: diversity &# ;&# ;inclusion" code lib | we are developers and technologists for libraries, museums, and archives who are dedicated to being a diverse and inclusive community, seeking to share ideas and build collaboration. about chat conference jobs journal local mailing list planet wiki code lib.org was 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image has been selected as a selected picture at the portal japan on english wikipedia. 	descriptionblind monks examining an elephant.jpg	 "blind monks examining an elephant" by itcho hanabusa. loc description: ukiyo-e print illustration from buddhist parable showing blind monks examining an elephant. each man reaches a different conclusion based on which part of the elephant he has examined. print : woodcut, color. 日本語: 題「衆瞽探象之圖」。英一蝶（はなぶさ・いっちょう – ）作の浮世絵。盲目の僧たちが象を手さぐりし、それぞれが違う説明をするという説話を題材にしている。木版画。 	date	 	source	 	   	this image is available from the united states library of congress's prints and photographs division under the digital id cph. g . this tag does not indicate the copyright status of the attached work. a normal copyright tag is still required. see commons:licensing for more information. العربية | беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ | čeština | deutsch | english | español | فارسی | suomi | français | עברית | magyar | italiano | 日本語 | lietuvių | македонски | മലയാളം | nederlands | 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	cookie statement 		 	 	 risc vs. cisc 			 		 				 						 	 						 	 							 									 										 the simplest way to examine the advantages and disadvantages of risc architecture is by contrasting it with it's predecessor: cisc (complex instruction set computers) architecture. 	 multiplying two numbers in memory on the right is a diagram representing the storage scheme for a generic computer. the main memory is divided into locations numbered from (row) : (column) to (row) : (column) . the execution unit is responsible for carrying out all computations. however, the execution unit can only operate on data that has been loaded into one of the six registers (a, b, c, d, e, or f). let's say we want to find the product of two numbers - one stored in location : and another stored in location : - and then store the product back in the location : . the cisc approach the primary goal of cisc architecture is to complete a task in as few lines of assembly as possible. this is achieved by building processor hardware that is capable of understanding and executing a series of operations. for this particular task, a cisc processor would come prepared with a specific instruction (we'll call it "mult"). when executed, this instruction loads the two values into separate registers, multiplies the operands in the execution unit, and then stores the product in the appropriate register. thus, the entire task of multiplying two numbers can be completed with one instruction: mult : , : 	mult is what is known as a "complex instruction." it operates directly on the computer's memory banks and does not require the programmer to explicitly call any loading or storing functions. it closely resembles a command in a higher level language. for instance, if we let "a" represent the value of : and "b" represent the value of : , then this command is identical to the c statement "a = a * b." 	one of the primary advantages of this system is that the compiler has to do very little work to translate a high-level language statement into assembly. because the length of the code is relatively short, very little ram is required to store instructions. the emphasis is put on building complex instructions directly into the hardware. the risc approach risc processors only use simple instructions that can be executed within one clock cycle. thus, the "mult" command described above could be divided into three separate commands: "load," which moves data from the memory bank to a register, "prod," which finds the product of two operands located within the registers, and "store," which moves data from a register to the memory banks. in order to perform the exact series of steps described in the cisc approach, a programmer would need to code four lines of assembly: load a, : load b, : prod a, b store : , a at first, this may seem like a much less efficient way of completing the operation. because there are more lines of code, more ram is needed to store the assembly level instructions. the compiler must also perform more work to convert a high-level language statement into code of this form. 	 			cisc 			 			risc 		 	 			emphasis on hardware 			 			emphasis on software 		 	 			includes multi-clock complex instructions 			 			single-clock, reduced instruction only 		 	 			memory-to-memory: "load" and "store" incorporated in instructions 			 			register to register: "load" and "store" are independent instructions 		 	 			small code sizes, high cycles per second 			 			low cycles per second, large code sizes 		 	 			transistors used for storing complex instructions 			 			spends more transistors on memory registers 		 	however, the risc strategy also brings some very important advantages. because each instruction requires only one clock cycle to execute, the entire program will execute in approximately the same amount of time as the multi-cycle "mult" command. these risc "reduced instructions" require less transistors of hardware space than the complex instructions, leaving more room for general purpose registers. because all of the instructions execute in a uniform amount of time (i.e. one clock), pipelining is possible. 	separating the "load" and "store" instructions actually reduces the amount of work that the computer must perform. after a cisc-style "mult" command is executed, the processor automatically erases the registers. if one of the operands needs to be used for another computation, the processor must re-load the data from the memory bank into a register. in risc, the operand will remain in the register until another value is loaded in its place. the performance equation the following equation is commonly used for expressing a computer's performance ability: the cisc approach attempts to minimize the number of instructions per program, sacrificing the number of cycles per instruction. risc does the opposite, reducing the cycles per instruction at the cost of the number of instructions per program. risc roadblocks 		despite the advantages of risc based processing, risc chips took over a decade to gain a foothold in the commercial world. this was largely due to a lack of software support. although apple's power macintosh line featured risc-based chips and windows nt was risc compatible, windows . and windows were designed with cisc processors in mind. many companies were unwilling to take a chance with the emerging risc technology. without commercial interest, processor developers were unable to manufacture risc chips in large enough volumes to make their price competitive. 	another major setback was the presence of intel. although their cisc chips were becoming increasingly unwieldy and difficult to develop, intel had the resources to plow through development and produce powerful processors. although risc chips might surpass intel's efforts in specific areas, the differences were not great enough to persuade buyers to change technologies. the overall risc advantage 	today, the intel x is arguable the only chip which retains cisc architecture. this is primarily due to advancements in other areas of computer technology. the price of ram has decreased dramatically. in , mb of dram cost about $ , . by , the same amount of memory cost only $ (when adjusted for inflation). compiler technology has also become more sophisticated, so that the risc use of ram and emphasis on software has become ideal. 										 									 								 					 			 				 what is risc? · mips · pipelining · recent developments · bibliography · about this site learning (lib)tech – stories from my life as a technologist 	 		skip to content 		 			 				 					 											learning (lib)tech 											stories from my life as a technologist 									 									menu 					 													 									about me 	about this blog 	contact me 							 						 													 									twitter 	github 	linkedin 	flickr 	rss 							 											 							 					 		 	 		 		 			 			 	 		 		reflection part : my second year at gitlab and on becoming senior again 	 	 	 	 			 		 	 		this reflection is a direct continuation of part of my time at gitlab so far. if you haven’t, please read the first part before beginning this one. continue reading “reflection part : my second year at gitlab and on becoming senior again” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on june , june , categories update, work culturetags gitlab, organizational culture, reflectionleave a comment on reflection part : my second year at gitlab and on becoming senior again			 	 		 		reflection part : my first year at gitlab and becoming senior 	 	 	 	 			 		 	 		about a year ago, i wrote a reflection on summit and contribute, our all staff events, and later that year, wrote a series of posts on the gitlab values and culture from my own perspective. there is a lot that i mention in the blog post series and i’ll try not to repeat myself (too much), but i realize i never wrote a general reflection at year , so i’ve decided to write about both years now but split into parts. continue reading “reflection part : my first year at gitlab and becoming senior” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on june , june , categories update, work culturetags gitlab, organizational culture, reflectionleave a comment on reflection part : my first year at gitlab and becoming senior			 	 		 		is blog reading dead? 	 	 	 	 		there was a bit more context to the question, but a friend recently asked me: what you do think? is blogging dead? continue reading “is blog reading dead?” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on may , may , categories updatetags reflectionleave a comment on is blog reading dead?			 	 		 		working remotely at home as a remote worker during a pandemic 	 	 	 	 		i’m glad that i still have a job, that my life isn’t wholly impacted by the pandemic we’re in, but to say that nothing is different just because i was already a remote worker would be wrong. the effect the pandemic is having on everyone around you has affects your life. it seems obvious to me, but apparently that fact is lost on a lot of people. i’d expect that’s not the case for those who read my blog, but i thought it’d be worth reflecting on anyway. continue reading “working remotely at home as a remote worker during a pandemic” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on may , may , categories work culturetags remoteleave a comment on working remotely at home as a remote worker during a pandemic			 	 		 		code libbc lightning talk notes: day  	 	 	 	 		code libbc day lightning talk notes! continue reading “code libbc lightning talk notes: day  ” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on november , categories eventstags authentication, big data, c lbc, code, code lib, digital collections, privacy, reference, teachingleave a comment on code libbc lightning talk notes: day  			 	 		 		code libbc lightning talk notes: day  	 	 	 	 		code libbc day lightning talk notes! continue reading “code libbc lightning talk notes: day  ” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on november , categories eventstags c lbc, digital collections, intranet, marc, metadata, teachingleave a comment on code libbc lightning talk notes: day  			 	 		 		presentation: implementing values in practical ways 	 	 	 	 		this was presented at code libbc . continue reading “presentation: implementing values in practical ways” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on november , november , categories events, work culturetags c lbc, organizational culture, presentation, valuesleave a comment on presentation: implementing values in practical ways			 	 		 		implementing values: learning from gitlab: transparency 	 	 	 	 		this is the sixth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab’s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. continue reading “implementing values: learning from gitlab: transparency” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on september , august , categories work culturetags gitlab, organizational culture, reflection, valuesleave a comment on implementing values: learning from gitlab: transparency			 	 		 		implementing values: learning from gitlab: iteration 	 	 	 	 		this is the fifth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab’s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. continue reading “implementing values: learning from gitlab: iteration” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on september , august , categories work culturetags gitlab, organizational culture, reflection, valuesleave a comment on implementing values: learning from gitlab: iteration			 	 		 		implementing values: learning from gitlab: diversity & inclusion 	 	 	 	 		this is the fourth value covered in a series of blog posts on what we can learn in implementing values that are the same or similar to gitlab’s credit values. for background and links to the other posts, please check out the overview post. continue reading “implementing values: learning from gitlab: diversity & inclusion” 	 	 		author cynthiaposted on september , august , categories work culturetags gitlab, organizational culture, reflection, valuesleave a comment on implementing values: learning from gitlab: diversity & inclusion			 	 		posts navigation 		page page … page next page 	 		 	 	 					 			 				cynthia 				technologist, librarian, metadata and technical services expert, educator, mentor, web developer, uxer, accessibility advocate, documentarian 			 			 			 				view full profile →			 			follow us 				 							 								twitter 							 						 	 							 								linkedin 							 						 	 							 								github 							 						 	 							 								telegram 							 						 			 	 		search for: 		 	 	search categories 				events 	librarianship 	library 	academic 	public 	special 	tours 	methodology 	project work 	technology 	tools 	update 	web design 	work culture 			follow via email 			 									enter your email address to receive 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published an article (https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api) sharing news with readers that amazon’s goodreads service is in the process of retiring their developer apis, with an effective start date of last tuesday, december th, . a screenshot taken from joe alcorn’s post the topic stirred discussion among developers and book lovers alike, making the front-page of the popular hacker news website. hacker news at - - : pm pacific. the importance of apis for those who are new to the term, an api is a method of accessing data in a way which is designed for computers to consume rather than people. apis often allow computers to subscribe to (i.e. listen for) events and then take actions. for example, let’s say you wanted to tweet every time your favorite author published a new book. one could sit on goodreads and refresh the website every fifteen minutes. or, one might write a twitter bot which automatically connects to goodreads and checks real-time data using its api. in fact, the reason why twitter bots work, is that they use twitter’s api, a mechanism which lets specially designed computer programs submit tweets to the platform. as one of the more popular book services online today, tens of thousands of readers and organizations rely on amazon’s goodreads apis to lookup information about books and to power their book-related applications across the web. some authors rely on the data to showcase their works on their personal homepages, online book stores to promote their inventory, innovative new services like thestorygraph are using this data to help readers discover new insights, and even librarians and scholastic websites rely on book data apis to make sure their catalog information is as up to date and accurate as possible for their patrons. for years, the open library team has been enthusiastic to share the book space with friends like goodreads who have historically shown great commitment by enabling patrons to control (download and export) their own data and enabling developers to create flourishing ecosystems which promote books and readership through their apis. when it comes to serving an audience of book lovers, there is no “one size fits all” and we’re glad so many different platforms and apis exist to provide experiences which meet the needs of different communities. and we’d like to do our part to keep the landscape flourishing. “the sad thing is it [retiring their apis] really only hurts the hobbyist projects and goodreads users themselves.” — joe alcorn picture of aaron swartz by noah berger/landov from thedailybeast at open library, our top priority is pursuing aaron swartz‘s original mission: to serve as an open book catalog for the public (one page for every book ever published) and ensure our community always has free, open data to unlock a world of possibilities. a world which believes in the power of reading to preserve our cultural heritage and empower education and understanding. we sincerely hope that amazon will decide it’s in goodreads’ best interests to re-instate their apis. but either way, open library is committed to helping readers, developers, and all book lovers have autonomy over their data and direct access to the data they rely on. one reason patrons appreciate open library is that it aligns with their values imports & exports in august , one of our google summer of code contributors tabish shaikh helped us implement an export option for open library reading logs to help everyone retain full control of their book data. we also created a goodreads import feature to help patrons who may want an easy way to check which goodreads titles may be available to borrow from the internet archive’s controlled digital lending program via openlibrary.org and to help patrons organize all their books in one place. we didn’t make a fuss about this feature at the time, because we knew patrons have a lot of options. but things can change quickly and we want patrons to be able to make that decision for themselves. for those who may not have known, amazon’s goodreads website provides an option for downloading/exporting a list of books from one’s bookshelves. you may find instructions on this goodreads export process here. open library’s goodreads importer enables patrons to take this exported dump of their goodreads bookshelves and automatically add matching titles to their open library reading logs. the goodreads import feature from https://openlibrary.org/account/import known issues. currently, open library’s goodreads importer only works for (a) titles that are in the open library catalog and (b) which are new enough to have isbns. our staff and community are committed to continuing to improve our catalog to include more titles (we added more than m titles this year) and we plan to improve our importer to support other id types like oclc and loc. apis & data developers and book overs who have been relying on amazon’s goodreads apis are not out of luck. there are several wonderful services, many of them open-source, including open library, which offer free apis: 	wikidata.org (by the same group who brought us wikipedia) is a treasure trove of metadata on authors and books. open library gratefully leverages this powerful resource to enrich our pages. 	inventaire.io is a wonderful service which uses wikidata and openlibrary data (api: api.inventaire.io) 	bookbrainz.org (by the group who runs musicbrainz) is a up-and-coming catalog of books 	worldcat by oclc offers various metadata apis did we miss any? please let us know! we’d love to work together, build stronger integrations with, and support other book-loving services. open library’s apis. and of course, open library has a free, open, book api which spans nearly million books. bulk data. if you need access to all our data, open library releases a free monthly bulk data dump of authors, books, and more. spoiler: everything on open library is an api! one of my favorite parts of open library is that practically every page is an api. all that is required is adding “.json” to the end. here are some examples: search https://openlibrary.org/search?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search page for humans… https://openlibrary.org/search.json?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search api! books https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_rationality is the human page for harry potter and the methods of rationality… https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json is its api! authors https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots is a human readable author page… https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a.json and here is the api! did we mention: full-text search over m books? major hat tip to the internet archive’s giovanni damiola for this one: folks may also appreciate the ability to full-text search across m of the internet archive’s books (https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books) on open library: you can try it directly here: http://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish as per usual, nearly all open library urls are themselves apis, e.g.: http://openlibrary.org/search/inside.json?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish get involved questions? open library is an free, open-source, nonprofit project run by the internet archive. we do our development transparently in public (here’s our code) and our community spanning more than volunteers meets every week, tuesday @ : am pacific. please contact us to join our call and participate in the process. bugs? if something isn’t working as expected, please let us know by opening an issue or joining our weekly community calls. want to share thanks? please follow up on twitter: https://twitter.com/openlibrary and let us know how you’re using our apis! thank you a special thank you to our lead developers drini cami, chris clauss, and one of our lead volunteer engineers, aaron, for spending their weekend helping fix a python bug which was temporarily preventing goodreads imports from succeeding. a decentralized future the internet archive has a history cultivating and supporting the decentralized web. we operate a decentralized version of archive.org and host regular meetups and summits to galvanize the distributed web community. in the future, we can imagine a world where no single website controls all of your data, but rather patrons can participate in a decentralized, distributed network. you may be interested to try bookwyrm, an open-source decentralized project by mouse, former engineer on the internet archive’s archive-it team. 												 					 					 					 						this entry was posted in uncategorized. bookmark the permalink. post a comment or leave a trackback: trackback url. 					 					 				 		 			 				« on bookstores, libraries & archives in the digital age 				 			 								 				 	 					 											 				 		post a comment cancel reply your email is never published nor shared. required fields are marked * comment you may use these 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learn, and want to, in a way that suits them, at their pace, in places and times that are convenient 	 		 			 			 				 				 					 						 													 						by martin betts we do have a way of dressing things up in academia don’t we? why use one word when will do. and why use short words that everyone understands, when we can jazz it up with complexity, precision, obscurity, and a code that sets us apart. it means that only people like us, can understand people like us. we are well intentioned people. and we are all trying to look after everyone’s educational needs. trouble is when you start talking like that, you tend to act like that. so, we combine our knowledge into complex constructs. they allow us to be precise. it helps us communicate with each other, more than it does with the world outside. it does lead to great research and innovation and must continue to do so. we need that more than ever right now. but do we make our courses, and programmes of learning, relate too much to the depth of our understanding through our research? do they then become deep and impenetrable, rather than bite-size and digestible? it doesn’t have to be like this. imagine the brave new world of learning where our educational health and advancement is paramount. where knowledge is made simple. where we sign up to personalised learning experiences. where highly skilled learning facilitators use technology platforms to search for, distil and represent world-class knowledge, wherever it resides. they help us learn, in the ways that we prefer to learn. they allow us to gain knowledge, and apply it to our on-going and continuous needs for skills in our workplace, at the stages of our career where we need it. we realise we need it in response to having our own abilities in our workplace and careers assessed for us. in the same way that our financial and physical fitness is assessable through health checks and ready reckoners. we push beyond the current indicators of fitness for purpose, university rankings or reactions to marketing campaigns. we find the means of developing ourselves, that the market has determined to be best in class. we use our understanding of our preferences, to access it in ways that are best for us. spotify does it for our music. youtube does it for our visual entertainment. airbnb used to do it for our travel accommodation when we were allowed to travel. uber does it when we need to go somewhere we are allowed to go to. there are myriad ways of finding out what to eat, where to eat it, and what others thought it tasted like, and whether the staff were friendly. and we stopped going to other people’s buildings, at times that suited them, to buy shoes, clothes or books, long before a pandemic came along. we’ve now had all of that confirmed as being crazy, in the great disruption of . how exciting is education and learning going to be? when we no longer have to visit a campus, at times imposed on us, for courses offered for weeks of the year, and that take years or more. when courses don’t include all sorts of things we don’t want to study, delivered in ways that don’t suit us, leading to qualifications that are increasingly irrelevant. where programmes aren’t delivered by staff required to be all-rounders of teaching, research and service. goodbye : : . where our teachers are no longer managed ever more distantly, by administrators, increasingly working on compliance, for over-regulators that are withdrawing from being funders. after all, we will pay for our exciting education and learning of the future. just like we pay for it now. but we will start to demand much better value for money. as we have for everything else. our staff of the future might grapple with being part of the gig economy. with its risks of short-term fluctuations in work. they will be measured and valued on the experiences they give students. and the skill in their provision of educational well-being. not measured by how many times they have published research in papers in journals read by some, and cited by fewer. they might be ever more like our casual staff of the present. but at least the value they generate from customers will be directed to the delivery of service, at times when customers want it, using technology platforms that make it easier to access. the taxis we used to take, came with a uniform, a licence, and an extensive infrastructure of head office functions. did they see uber coming? the reason for the coming disruption to higher education is actually very simple, scholars. people need to learn what they need to learn, and want to, in a way that suits them, at their pace, in places and times that are convenient. we shouldn’t over complicate it. it is going to be fun, exciting and different. let’s get on with it, and keep it simple. we better hurry, just look at what google launched recently. and why they did. and how much it costs. professor martin betts is a strategic consultant to the higher education sector. he is the former dvc engagement at griffith university and led the science and engineering faculty at qut for years. 											 					 						 							 								 							 						 						 							 							subscribe to get daily updates on what's happening in the world of australian higher education 							 						 					 				 as information piles up academics are essential december , setting the right score for success december , a win for research open access december , social media uni reviews: already here, set to stay december , the names of the roses: impending changes to the higher education category standards december , arc data: more visible, more useful november , effective outreach programs for aboriginal and torres strait islander students during covid- november , merlin crossley goes beyond zero-tolerance grammatical policing november , tim winker warns: huge shifts in career preferences will make for a hectic summer november , teaching on-line in covid- times november , 		 		 		 	 	 	 				 									campus morning mail is an independent newsletter written and published by stephen matchett, formerly a long-serving journalist at the australian newspaper. the daily e-news column receives no undisclosed funding or other assistance from any organisation or individual. other features content on this site is managed and provided by higher education consulting group. subscribe 		 		 		 		 			 		 			 		 		 				 	 	 	 		× 		 			 				hard facts and insider analysis from stephen matchett 					sign up to get the latest news and information on what's happening in australian higher education. 						 email* : 					 				 				 					 										 				 			 		 	 		 	 		 			 				 										 						 							campus morning mail 							hard facts and insider analysis from stephen matchett 						 					 					copyright © campus morning mail 				 			 			 				explore 				 					home 	advertise 	archives 	features 			 			 				share 				 					email 	facebook 	linkedin 	twitter 			 			 								 					about 			 					campus morning mail is an independent newsletter written and published by stephen matchett, formerly a long-serving journalist at the australian newspaper. the daily e-news column receives no undisclosed funding or other assistance from any organisation or individual. 				 								subscribe to our newsletter 			 		 	 the open library blog the open library blog a web page for every book 	importing your goodreads & accessing them with open library’s apis by mek today joe alcorn, founder of readng, published an article (https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api) sharing news with readers that amazon&# ;s goodreads service is in the process of retiring their developer apis, with an effective start date of last tuesday, december th, . the topic stirred discussion among developers and book lovers alike, making the front-page of the [&# ;] 	on bookstores, libraries & archives in the digital age the following was a guest post by brewster kahle on against the grain (atg) &# ; linking publishers, vendors, &# ; librarians by:&# ;brewster kahle, founder &# ; digital librarian, internet archive​​​​​​​ ​​​back in ,&# ;i was honored to give a keynote at the meeting of the&# ;society of american archivists, when the president of the society presented me with a [&# ;] 	amplifying the voices behind books exploring how open library uses author data to help readers move from imagination to impact by nick norman, edited by mek &# ; drini according to rené descartes, a creative mathematician, “the reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest [people] of past centuries.” if that’s true, then who are some of [&# ;] 	giacomo cignoni: my internship at the internet archive this summer, open library and the internet archive took part in google summer of code (gsoc), a google initiative to help students gain coding experience by contributing to open source projects. i was lucky enough to mentor giacomo while he worked on improving our bookreader experience and infrastructure. we have invited giacomo to write a [&# ;] 	google summer of code : adoption by book lovers by tabish shaikh &# ; mek openlibrary.org,the world’s best-kept library secret: let’s make it easier for book lovers to discover and get started with open library. hi, my name is tabish shaikh and this summer i participated in the google summer of code program with open library to develop improvements which will help book lovers discover [&# ;] 	open library for language learners by guyrandy jean-gilles - - a quick browse through the app store and aspiring language learners will find themselves swimming in useful programs. but for experienced linguaphiles, the never-ending challenge is finding enough raw content and media to consume in their adopted tongue. open library can help. earlier this year, open library added reading levels to [&# ;] 	meet the librarians of open library by lisa seaberg are you a book lover looking to contribute to a warm, inclusive library community? we’d love to work with you: learn more about volunteering @ open library behind the scenes of open library is a whole team of developers, data scientists, outreach experts, and librarians working together to make open library better [&# ;] 	re-thinking open library’s book pages by mek karpeles, tabish shaikh we&# ;ve redesigned our book pages: before →after. please share your feedback with us. a web page for every book&# ; this is the mission of open library: a free, inclusive, online digital library catalog which helps readers find information about any book ever published. millions of books in open library&# ;s catalog [&# ;] 	reading logs: going public & helping book lovers share hi book lovers, starting - - , reading logs for new open library accounts will be public by default. readers may go here to view or manage their reading log privacy preferences. this will not affect the privacy of your reading history &# ; only books which you explicitly mark as want to read, currently reading, or already [&# ;] 	to the world: introducing brad rubenstein by mek &# ; pallavi devaraj this is the first installment of an interview series called, &# ;to the world&# ; which goes behind the scenes to explore what inspires authors to write and share their work with the world. in this interview, we receive a master class on effective project management by brad rubenstein, co-author of risk [&# ;] getftr | disruptive library technology jester skip links 	skip to primary navigation 	skip to content 	skip to footer disruptive library technology jester 	 about 	 resume toggle search toggle menu getftr user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay minute read earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure. ... enter your search term... 	 twitter 	 github 	 feed © peter murray. powered by jekyll & minimal mistakes. the open library blog | a web page for every book 	 		 		 	the open library blog 	a web page for every book 		 	skip to content 	 		about 	 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 							 					« older posts 					 					 										 				 	 		 				 				 					importing your goodreads & accessing them with open library’s apis 					 	by mek 	 | 	published: december , 	 				 					 					 						 by mek today joe alcorn, founder of readng, published an article (https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api) sharing news with readers that amazon’s goodreads service is in the process of retiring their developer apis, with an effective start date of last tuesday, december th, . a screenshot taken from joe alcorn’s post the topic stirred discussion among developers and book lovers alike, making the front-page of the popular hacker news website. hacker news at - - : pm pacific. the importance of apis for those who are new to the term, an api is a method of accessing data in a way which is designed for computers to consume rather than people. apis often allow computers to subscribe to (i.e. listen for) events and then take actions. for example, let’s say you wanted to tweet every time your favorite author published a new book. one could sit on goodreads and refresh the website every fifteen minutes. or, one might write a twitter bot which automatically connects to goodreads and checks real-time data using its api. in fact, the reason why twitter bots work, is that they use twitter’s api, a mechanism which lets specially designed computer programs submit tweets to the platform. as one of the more popular book services online today, tens of thousands of readers and organizations rely on amazon’s goodreads apis to lookup information about books and to power their book-related applications across the web. some authors rely on the data to showcase their works on their personal homepages, online book stores to promote their inventory, innovative new services like thestorygraph are using this data to help readers discover new insights, and even librarians and scholastic websites rely on book data apis to make sure their catalog information is as up to date and accurate as possible for their patrons. for years, the open library team has been enthusiastic to share the book space with friends like goodreads who have historically shown great commitment by enabling patrons to control (download and export) their own data and enabling developers to create flourishing ecosystems which promote books and readership through their apis. when it comes to serving an audience of book lovers, there is no “one size fits all” and we’re glad so many different platforms and apis exist to provide experiences which meet the needs of different communities. and we’d like to do our part to keep the landscape flourishing. “the sad thing is it [retiring their apis] really only hurts the hobbyist projects and goodreads users themselves.” — joe alcorn picture of aaron swartz by noah berger/landov from thedailybeast at open library, our top priority is pursuing aaron swartz‘s original mission: to serve as an open book catalog for the public (one page for every book ever published) and ensure our community always has free, open data to unlock a world of possibilities. a world which believes in the power of reading to preserve our cultural heritage and empower education and understanding. we sincerely hope that amazon will decide it’s in goodreads’ best interests to re-instate their apis. but either way, open library is committed to helping readers, developers, and all book lovers have autonomy over their data and direct access to the data they rely on. one reason patrons appreciate open library is that it aligns with their values imports & exports in august , one of our google summer of code contributors tabish shaikh helped us implement an export option for open library reading logs to help everyone retain full control of their book data. we also created a goodreads import feature to help patrons who may want an easy way to check which goodreads titles may be available to borrow from the internet archive’s controlled digital lending program via openlibrary.org and to help patrons organize all their books in one place. we didn’t make a fuss about this feature at the time, because we knew patrons have a lot of options. but things can change quickly and we want patrons to be able to make that decision for themselves. for those who may not have known, amazon’s goodreads website provides an option for downloading/exporting a list of books from one’s bookshelves. you may find instructions on this goodreads export process here. open library’s goodreads importer enables patrons to take this exported dump of their goodreads bookshelves and automatically add matching titles to their open library reading logs. the goodreads import feature from https://openlibrary.org/account/import known issues. currently, open library’s goodreads importer only works for (a) titles that are in the open library catalog and (b) which are new enough to have isbns. our staff and community are committed to continuing to improve our catalog to include more titles (we added more than m titles this year) and we plan to improve our importer to support other id types like oclc and loc. apis & data developers and book overs who have been relying on amazon’s goodreads apis are not out of luck. there are several wonderful services, many of them open-source, including open library, which offer free apis: 	wikidata.org (by the same group who brought us wikipedia) is a treasure trove of metadata on authors and books. open library gratefully leverages this powerful resource to enrich our pages. 	inventaire.io is a wonderful service which uses wikidata and openlibrary data (api: api.inventaire.io) 	bookbrainz.org (by the group who runs musicbrainz) is a up-and-coming catalog of books 	worldcat by oclc offers various metadata apis did we miss any? please let us know! we’d love to work together, build stronger integrations with, and support other book-loving services. open library’s apis. and of course, open library has a free, open, book api which spans nearly million books. bulk data. if you need access to all our data, open library releases a free monthly bulk data dump of authors, books, and more. spoiler: everything on open library is an api! one of my favorite parts of open library is that practically every page is an api. all that is required is adding “.json” to the end. here are some examples: search https://openlibrary.org/search?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search page for humans… https://openlibrary.org/search.json?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search api! books https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_rationality is the human page for harry potter and the methods of rationality… https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json is its api! authors https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots is a human readable author page… https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a.json and here is the api! did we mention: full-text search over m books? major hat tip to the internet archive’s giovanni damiola for this one: folks may also appreciate the ability to full-text search across m of the internet archive’s books (https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books) on open library: you can try it directly here: http://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish as per usual, nearly all open library urls are themselves apis, e.g.: http://openlibrary.org/search/inside.json?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish get involved questions? open library is an free, open-source, nonprofit project run by the internet archive. we do our development transparently in public (here’s our code) and our community spanning more than volunteers meets every week, tuesday @ : am pacific. please contact us to join our call and participate in the process. bugs? if something isn’t working as expected, please let us know by opening an issue or joining our weekly community calls. want to share thanks? please follow up on twitter: https://twitter.com/openlibrary and let us know how you’re using our apis! thank you a special thank you to our lead developers drini cami, chris clauss, and one of our lead volunteer engineers, aaron, for spending their weekend helping fix a python bug which was temporarily preventing goodreads imports from succeeding. a decentralized future the internet archive has a history cultivating and supporting the decentralized web. we operate a decentralized version of archive.org and host regular meetups and summits to galvanize the distributed web community. in the future, we can imagine a world where no single website controls all of your data, but rather patrons can participate in a decentralized, distributed network. you may be interested to try bookwyrm, an open-source decentralized project by mouse, former engineer on the internet archive’s archive-it team. 											 					 					 					 						posted in uncategorized 						| leave a comment 					 					 				 			 				 				 					on bookstores, libraries & archives in the digital age 					 	by brewster kahle 	 | 	published: october , 	 				 					 					 						 the following was a guest post by brewster kahle on against the grain (atg) – linking publishers, vendors, & librarians on bookstores, libraries & archives in the digital age-an atg guest post see the original article here on atg’s website by: brewster kahle, founder & digital librarian, internet archive​​​​​​​ ​​​back in , i was honored to give a keynote at the meeting of the society of american archivists, when the president of the society presented me with a framed blown-up letter “s.”  this was an inside joke about the internet archive being named in the singular, archive, rather than the plural archives. of course, he was right, as i should have known all along. the internet archive had long since grown out of being an “archive of the internet”—a singular collection, say of web pages—to being “archives on the internet,” plural.  my evolving understanding of these different names might help focus a discussion that has become blurry in our digital times: the difference between the roles of publishers, bookstores, libraries, archives, and museums. these organizations and institutions have evolved with different success criteria, not just because of the shifting physical manifestation of knowledge over time, but because of the different roles each group plays in a functioning society. for the moment, let’s take the concepts of library and archive. the traditional definition of a library is that it is made up of published materials, while an archive is made up of unpublished materials. archives play an important function that must be maintained—we give frightfully little attention to collections of unpublished works in the digital age. think of all the drafts of books that have disappeared once we started to write with word processors and kept the files on fragile computer floppies and disks. think of all the videotapes of lectures that are thrown out or were never recorded in the first place.  bookstores: the thrill of the hunt let’s try another approach to understanding distinctions between bookstores, libraries and archives. when i was in my ’s living in boston—before amazon.com and before the world wide web (but during the early internet)—new and used bookstores were everywhere. i thought of them as catering to the specialized interests of their customers: small, selective, and only offering books that might sell and be taken away, with enough profit margin to keep the store in business. i loved them. i especially liked the used bookstore owners—they could peer into my soul (and into my wallet!) to find the right book for me. the most enjoyable aspect of the bookstore was the hunt—i arrived with a tiny sheet of paper in my wallet with a list of the books i wanted, would bring it out and ask the used bookstore owners if i might go home with a bargain. i rarely had the money to buy new books for myself, but i would give new books as gifts. while i knew it was okay to stay for awhile in the bookstore just reading, i always knew the game. libraries: offering conversations not answers the libraries that i used in boston—mit libraries, harvard libraries, the boston public library—were very different. i knew of the private boston athenæum but i was not a member, so i could not enter. libraries for me seemed infinite, but still tailored to individual interests. they had what was needed for you to explore and if they did not have it, the reference librarian would proudly proclaim: “we can get it for you!” i loved interlibrary loans—not so much in practice, because it was slow, but because they gave you a glimpse of a network of institutions sharing what they treasured with anyone curious enough to want to know more. it was a dream straight out of borges’ imagination (if you have not read borges’ short stories, they are not to be missed, and they are short. i recommend you write them on the little slip of paper you keep in your wallet.) i couldn’t afford to own many of the books i wanted, so it turned off that acquisitive impulse in me. but the libraries allowed me to read anything, old and new. i found i consumed library books very differently. i rarely even brought a book from the shelf to a table; i would stand, browse, read, learn and search in the aisles. dipping in here and there. the card catalog got me to the right section and from there i learned as i explored.  libraries were there to spark my own ideas. the library did not set out to tell a story as a museum would. it was for me to find stories, to create connections, have my own ideas by putting things together. i would come to the library with a question and end up with ideas.  rarely were these facts or statistics—but rather new points of view. old books, historical newspapers, even the collection of reference books all illustrated points of view that were important to the times and subject matter. i was able to learn from others who may have been far away or long deceased. libraries presented me with a conversation, not an answer. good libraries cause conversations in your head with many writers. these writers, those librarians, challenged me to be different, to be better.  staying for hours in a library was not an annoyance for the librarians—it was the point. yes, you could check books out of the library, and i would, but mostly i did my work in the library—a few pages here, a few pages there—a stack of books in a carrel with index cards tucked into them and with lots of handwritten notes (uh, no laptops yet). but libraries were still specialized. to learn about draft resisters during the vietnam war, i needed access to a law library. mit did not have a law collection and this was before lexis/nexis and westlaw. i needed to get to the volumes of case law of the united states.  harvard, up the road, had one of the great law libraries, but as an mit student, i could not get in. my mit professor lent me his id that fortunately did not include a photo, so i could sneak in with that. i spent hours in the basement of harvard’s law library reading about the cases of conscientious objectors and others.  but why was this library of law books not available to everyone? it stung me. it did not seem right.  a few years later i would apply to library school at simmons college to figure out how to build a digital library system that would be closer to the carved words over the boston public library’s door in copley square:  “free to all.”   archives: a wonderful place for singular obsessions when i quizzed the archivist at mit, she explained what she did and how the mit archives worked. i loved the idea, but did not spend any time there—it was not organized for the busy undergraduate. the mit library was organized for easy access; the mit archives included complete collections of papers, notes, ephemera from others, often professors. it struck me that the archives were collections of collections. each collection faithfully preserved and annotated.  i think of them as having advertisements on them, beckoning the researcher who wants to dive into the materials in the archive and the mindset of the collector. so in this formulation, an archive is a collection, archives are collections of collections.  archivists are presented with collections, usually donations, but sometimes there is some money involved to preserve and catalog another’s life work. personally, i appreciate almost any evidence of obsession—it can drive toward singular accomplishments. archives often reveal such singular obsessions. but not all collections are archived, as it is an expensive process. the cost of archiving collections is changing, especially with digital materials, as is cataloging and searching those collections. but it is still expensive. when the internet archive takes on a physical collection, say of records, or old repair manuals, or materials from an art group, we have to weigh the costs and the potential benefits to researchers in the future.  archives take the long view. one hundred years from now is not an endpoint, it may be the first time a collection really comes back to light. digital libraries: a memex dream, a global brain so when i helped start the internet archive, we wanted to build a digital library—a “complete enough” collection, and “organized enough” that everything would be there and findable. a universal library. a library of alexandria for the digital age. fulfilling the memex dream of vanevar bush (do read “as we may think“), of ted nelson‘s xanadu, of tim berners-lee‘s world wide web, of danny hillis‘ thinking machine, raj reddy’s universal access to all knowledge, and peter russell’s global brain. could we be smarter by having people, the library, networks, and computers all work together?  that is the dream i signed on to.  i dreamed of starting with a collection—an archive, an internet archive. this grew to be  a collection of collections: archives. then a critical mass of knowledge complete enough to inform citizens worldwide: a digital library. a library accessible by anyone connected to the internet, “free to all.” about the author: brewster kahle, founder & digital librarian, internet archive brewster kahle a passionate advocate for public internet access and a successful entrepreneur, brewster kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing universal access to all knowledge. he is the founder and digital librarian of the internet archive, one of the largest digital libraries in the world, which serves more than a million patrons each day. creator of the wayback machine and lending millions of digitized books, the internet archive works with more than library and university partners to create a free digital library, accessible to all. soon after graduating from the massachusetts institute of technology where he studied artificial intelligence, kahle helped found the company thinking machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. he is an internet pioneer, creating the internet’s first publishing system called wide area information server (wais). in , kahle co-founded alexa internet, with technology that helps catalog the web, selling it to amazon.com in .  elected to the internet hall of fame, kahle is also a fellow of the american academy of arts and sciences, a member of the national academy of engineering, and holds honorary library doctorates from simmons college and university of alberta. 											 					 					 					 						posted in discussion, librarianship, uncategorized 						| comments closed 					 					 				 			 				 				 					amplifying the voices behind books 					 	by mek 	 | 	published: september , 	 				 					 					 						 exploring how open library uses author data to help readers move from imagination to impact by nick norman, edited by mek & drini image source: pexels / pixabay from popsugar according to rené descartes, a creative mathematician, “the reading of all good books is like a conversation with the finest [people] of past centuries.” if that’s true, then who are some of the people you’re talking to? if you’re not sure how to answer that question, you’ll definitely appreciate the ‘author stats’ feature  developed  by open library. a deep dive into author stats author stats give readers clear insights about their favorite authors that go much deeper than the front cover: such as birthplace, gender, works by time, ethnicity, and country of citizenship. these bits and pieces of knowledge about authors can empower readers in some dynamic ways. but how exactly? to answer that question, consider a reader who’s passionate about the topic of cultural diversity. however, after the reader examines their personalized author stats, they realize that their reading history lacks diversity. this doesn’t mean the reader isn’t passionate about cultural diversity; rather, author stats empowers the reader to pinpoint specific stats that can be diversified. take a moment … or a day, and think about all the books you’ve read — just in the last year or as far back as you can. what if you could align the pages of each of those books with something meaningful … something that matters? what if each time you cracked open a book, the voices inside could point you to places filled with hope and opportunity? according to drini cami — open library’s lead developer behind author stats ,  “these stats let readers determine where the voices they read are coming from.” drini continues saying, “a book can be both like a conversation as well as a journey.” he also says, “statistics related to the authors might help provide readers with feedback as to where the voices they are listening to are coming from, and hopefully encourage the reading of books from a wider variety of perspectives.” take a moment to let that sink in. data with the power to change while open library’s author stats can show author-related demographics, those same stats can do a lot more than that. drini cami went on to say that, “author stats can help readers intelligently alter their  behavior (if they wish to).” a profound statement that mark twain — one of the best writers in american history — might even shout from the rooftop. broad, wholesome, charitable views of [people] … cannot be acquired by vegetating in one little corner of the earth all one’s lifetime. — mark twain in the eyes of drini cami and mark twain, books are like miniature time machines that have the power to launch readers into new spaces while changing their behaviors at the same time. for it is only when a reader steps out of their corner of the earth that they can step forward towards becoming a better person — for the entire world. connecting two worlds of data open library has gone far beyond the extra mile to provide data about author demographics that some readers may not realize. it started with open library’s commitment to providing its readers with what drini cami describes as “clean, organized, structured, queryable data.” simply put, readers can trust that open library’s data can be used to provide its audiences with maximum value. which begs the question, where is all that ‘value’ coming from? drini cami calls it “linked data”. in not so complex terms, you may think of linked data as being two or more storage sheds packed with data. when these storage sheds are connected, well… that’s when the magic happens. for open library, that magic starts at the link between wikidata and open library knowledge bases. wikidata, a non-profit community-powered project run by wikimedia, the same team which brought us wikipedia, is a “free and open knowledge base that can be read and edited by both humans and machines”. it’s like wikipedia except for storing bite-sized encyclopedic data and facts instead of articles. if you look closely, you may even find some of wikidata’s data being leveraged within wikipedia articles. 	wikipedia’s summary info box 	source data in wikidata wikidata is where open library gets its author demographic data from. this is possible because the entries on wikidata often include links to source material such as books, authors, learning materials, e-journals, and even to other knowledge bases like open library’s. because of these links, open library is able to share its data with wikidata and often times get back detailed information and structured data in return. such as author demographics. wrangling in the data linking-up services like wikidata and open library doesn’t happen automatically. it requires the hard work of “metadata wranglers”. that’s where charles horn comes in, the lead data engineer at open library — without his work, author stats would not be possible. charles horn works closely with drini cami and also the team at wikidata to connect book and author resources on open library with the data kept inside wikidata. by writing clever bots and scripts, charles and drini are able to make tens of thousands of connections at scale. to put it simply, as both open library and wikidata grow, their resources and data will become better connected and more accurate.  thanks to the help of “metadata wranglers”, open library users will always have the smartest results — right at their fingertips.  it’s in a book … once upon a time, ten-time grammy award winner chaka kahn greeted television viewers with her bright voice on the once-popular book reading program, reading rainbow. in her words, she sang … “friends to know, and ways to grow, a reading rainbow. i can be anything. take a look, it’s in a book …” thanks to open library’s author stats, not only do readers have the power to “take a look” into books, they can see further, and truly change what they see. try browsing your author stats and consider following open library on twitter. the “my reading stats” option may be found under the “my books” drop down menu within the main site’s top navigation. what did you learn about your favorite authors? please share in the comments below. 											 					 					 					 						posted in community, cultural resources, data 						| comments closed 					 					 				 			 				 				 					giacomo cignoni: my internship at the internet archive 					 	by drini cami 	 | 	published: august , 	 				 					 					 						 this summer, open library and the internet archive took part in google summer of code (gsoc), a google initiative to help students gain coding experience by contributing to open source projects. i was lucky enough to mentor giacomo while he worked on improving our bookreader experience and infrastructure. we have invited giacomo to write a blog post to share some of the wonderful work he has done and his learnings. it was a pleasure working with you giacomo, and we all wish you the best of luck with the rest of your studies! – drini hi, i am giacomo cignoni, a nd year computer science student from italy. i submitted my google summer of code (gsoc) project to work with the internet archive and i was selected for it. in this blogpost, i want to tell you about my experience and my accomplishments working this summer on bookreader, internet archive’s open source book reading web application. the bookreader features i enjoyed the most working on are page filters (which includes “dark mode”) and the text selection layer for certain public domain books. they were both challenging, but mostly had a great impact on the user experience of bookreader. the first allows text to be selected and copied directly from the page images (currently in internal testing), and the second permits turning white-background black-text pages into black-background-white-text ones. short summary of implemented features: 	end-to-end testing (search, autoplay, right-to-left books) 	generic book from internet archive demo 	mobile bookreader table of contents 	checkbox for filters on book pages (including dark mode) 	text selection layer plugin for public domain books 	bug fixes for page flipping 	using high resolution book images bug fix first approach to gsoc experience once i received the news that i had been selected for gsoc with internet archive for my bookreader project, i was really excited, as it was the beginning of a new experience for me. for the same reason, i will not hide that i was a little bit nervous because it was my first internship-like experience. fortunately, even from the start, my mentor drini and also mek were supportive and also ready to offer help. moreover, the fact that i was already familiar with bookreader was helpful, as i had already used it (and even modified it a little bit) for a personal project. for most of the month of may, since the th, the day of the gsoc selection, i mainly focused on getting to know the other members of the ux team at internet archive, whom i would be working with for the rest of the summer, and also define a more precise roadmap of my future work with my mentor, as my proposed project was open to any improvements for bookreader. end to end testing the first tasks i worked on, as stated in the project, were about end-to-end testing for bookreader. i learned about the testcafe tool that was to be used, and my first real task was to remove and explore some old qunit tests (# ). then i started to make end-to-end tests for the search feature in bookreader, both for desktop (# ) and mobile (# ). lastly, i fixed the existent autoplay end-to-end test (# ) that was causing problems and i also had prepared end-to-end tests for right-to-left books (# ), but it wasn’t merged immediately because it needed a feature that i would have implemented later; a system to choose different books from the ia servers to be displayed specifying the book id in the url. this work on testing (which lasted until the ~ th of june) was really helpful at the beginning as it allowed me to gain more confidence with the codebase without trying immediately harder tasks and also to gain more confidence with javascript es . the frequent meetings with my mentor and other members of the team made me really feel part of the workplace. working on the source code the table of contents panel in bookreader mobile my first experience working on core bookreader source code was during the internet archive hackathon on may the th when, with the help of my mentor, i created the first draft for the table of content panel for mobile bookreader. i would then resume to work on this feature in july, refining it until it was released (# ). i then worked on a checkbox to apply different filters to the book page images, still on mobile bookreader (# ), which includes a sort of “dark mode”. this feature was probably the one i enjoyed the most working on, as it was challenging but not too difficult, it included some planning and was not purely technical and received great appreciation from users. page filters for bookreader mobile let you read in a “dark mode” https://twitter.com/openlibrary/status/ then i worked on the generic demo feature; a particular demo for bookreader which allows you to choose a book  from the internet archive servers to be displayed, by simply adding the book id in the url as a parameter (# ). this allowed the right to left e e test to be merged and proved to be useful for manually testing the text selection plugin. in this period i also fixed two page flipping issues: one more critical (when flipping pages in quick succession the pages started turning back and forth randomly) (# ), and the other one less urgent, but it was an issue a user specifically pointed out (in an old bookreader demo it was impossible to turn pages at all) (# ). another issue i solved was bookreader not correctly displaying high resolution images on high resolution displays (# ). open source project experience one aspect i really enjoyed of my gsoc is the all-around experience of working on an open source project. this includes leaving more approachable tasks for the occasional member of the community to take on and helping them out. also, i found it interesting working with other members of the team aside from my mentor, both for more technical reasons and for help in ui designing and feedback about the user experience: i always liked having more points of view about my work. moreover, direct user feedback from the users, which showed appreciation for the new implemented features (such as bookreader “dark mode”), was very motivating and pushed me to do better in the following tasks. text selection layer the normally invisible text layer shown red here for debugging the biggest feature of my gsoc was implementing the ability to select text directly on the page image from bookreader for public domain books, in order to copy and paste it elsewhere (# ). this was made possible because internet archive books have information about each word and its placement in the page, which is collected by doing ocr. to implement this feature we decided to use an invisible text layer placed on top of the page image, with words being correctly positioned and scaled. this made it possible to use the browser’s text selection system instead of creating a new one. the text layer on top of the page was implemented using an svg element, with subelements for each paragraph and word in the page. the use of the svg instead of normal html text elements made it a lot easier to overcome most of the problems we expected to find regarding the correct placement and scaling of words in the layer. i started working sporadically on this feature since the start of july and this led to having a workable demo by the first day of august. the rest of the month of august was spent refining this feature to make it production-ready. this included refining word placement in the layer, adding unit tests, adding support for more browsers, refactoring some functions, making the experience more fluid, making the selected text to be accurate for newlines and spaces on copy. the most challenging part was probably to integrate well the text selection actions in the two page view of bookreader, without disrupting the click-to-flip-page and other functionalities related to mouse-click events. this feature is currently in internal testing, and scheduled for release in the next few weeks. the text selection experience conclusions overall, i was extremely satisfied with my gsoc at the internet archive. it was a great opportunity to learn new things for me. i got much more fluent in javascript and css, thanks to both my mentor and using these languages in practice while coding. i learnt a lot about working on an open source project, but a part that i probably found really interesting was attending and participating in the decision making processes, even about projects i was not involved in. it was also interesting for me to apply concepts i had studied on a more theoretical level at university in a real workplace environment. to sum things up, the ability to work on something i liked that had an impact on users and the ability to learn useful things for my personal development really made this experience worthwhile for me. i would % recommend doing a gsoc at the internet archive! 											 					 					 					 						posted in bookreader, community, google summer of code (gsoc), open source 						| comments closed 					 					 				 			 				 				 					google summer of code : adoption by book lovers 					 	by mek 	 | 	published: august , 	 				 					 					 						 by tabish shaikh & mek openlibrary.org,the world’s best-kept library secret: let’s make it easier for book lovers to discover and get started with open library. hi, my name is tabish shaikh and this summer i participated in the google summer of code program with open library to develop improvements which will help book lovers discover and use openlibrary.org. my journey into open source when i got to college, i could tell classes would not be enough to help me get the hands on experience i would need to gain confidence in my programming abilities. i heard from friends and professors within my university that open source projects presented a great opportunity to work with established engineers in the field to gain hands-on experience. in the past, i tried contributing to a few well known open source projects, like wikipedia. i selected wikipedia because the community is large, active, and well established, there’s a lot of documentation, and the project is in a programming language i know well. i quickly became overwhelmed. wikipedia may be well established, but a project of that size felt difficult to navigate without a mentor to guide me. i was able to successfully set up my environment, but then i had trouble finding an appropriate first issue to work on and hit a dead end as i tried to familiarize myself with the code. i found myself wishing for a chance to work more closely with the community. one evening in march of , i was searching for a free algorithms book on google and discovered open library. i had trouble finding the exact book i was looking for, but i could tell open library was an important library resource for accessing free books online and i noted their dated design as a big opportunity for improvement. so i bookmarked the page in my browser and was surprised to discover a “help us” button. i clicked the button and landed on a github issue which mentions their community calls. this gave me confidence there was a community which could help me get started and answer my questions, so i decided to give it a shot. the community calls gave me a guided path for positively improving the experience of patrons using the service. during the community calls, members present what they’ve completed, what they’re working on, and what they may be stuck with. in reality, this is a way to be seen for your achievements, update others, and receive help. having this type of structure helped me discover which appropriate opportunities exist, how to approach and plan to solve the problem. this experience was really special to me because it was the first time i had been part of an international community and all of the members were aligned toward a common goal of universal access to knowledge. in the first few months of volunteering i redesigned the website footer and made several pull requests. i also noticed salman was participating in google summer of code (gsoc) in . i applied to work with open library for gsoc in and was disappointed to learn the internet archive didn’t have enough slots for open library to participate. fortunately, i worked with mek, open library’s program lead, who recognized my contributions and arranged an “internet archive summer of code” (iasoc) internship program where we accomplished a major victory of releasing the sponsorship program which empowers the community to make meaningful, diverse books more available to borrow. you can read the blog post here which was picked up by boingboing and gizmodo. noticing a problem during my years volunteering, we recognized several indicators that open library could be better serving its mission by distributing to a larger audience. open library, which has millions of free books to borrow, has an international alexa rank of  # , , compared to goodreads which is a top # website without having books to borrow. the data also showed many patrons would drop off at the registration page because it didn’t offer immediate field validation and the fields would be cleared upon submit if, e.g. an email was already registered. the book pages, our most frequently viewed pages, were also very slow to load, causing patrons to drop-off. also the experience of the book pages was confusing because there were separate views for works and editions. because of all these factors, only around % of the internet archive’s books were checked out, meaning % of the catalog remained underutilized. i applied to gsoc with a plan, “adoption by book lovers” to resolve some of these key issues, help more people like myself discover and derive value from the open library, and hopefully improve their first experience in the process. placing our bets in the service of helping more patrons discover open library, increasing our utilization and engagement, and decreasing confusion and bad experiences, we made key bets: 	improving sign up 	book page redesign 	shareable profiles & public reading log 	imports & exports 	twitter bot there’s a common saying, “the first impression is the last impression”. this has certainly been true for many patrons attempting to sign up for an open library account. the easiest, surest way to help more patrons derive value from the open library platform is by improving sign up; reducing the friction and early negative first impressions during account creation. open library’s mission for was “reducing bad experiences, confusion, & dead-ends”. by combining our works and editions pages into a single more performant book page redesign we believed we’d reduce the confusion of users searching for their favourite books and in turn, also increase distribution. the doubleclick study by google shows that % of patrons drop off if page load is exceeds seconds and this carries significant seo penalties. while redesigning our book page, a key consideration was page-load performance because we knew this would increase our rank in search engine results and increase retention through the lending and registration funnels. finally, by betting on social features, like shareable profiles and public-by-default reading logs, the ability to import books from goodreads, and a twitter @borrowbot to help patrons discover which books are available to read and borrow on open library, we felt confident we could increase the number of patrons that may discover and adopt openlibrary.org. improving signup in , we coincidentally, hit a regression # to our account creation page which presented itself as a server error for patrons trying to register a new account when their username or email was already taken. because of this bug, our daily registered users dropped from ~ to ~ (- ). through this, we discovered that nearly / of patrons (i.e. a day) who attempted registration would hit some validation issue when creating their account (e.g. email or username invalid or taken, recaptcha broken). even after solving the # regression, we hypothesized that many of these patrons were hitting error-cases which refreshed the page and cleared their form inputs, causing patrons to bounce. an easy solution was adding real-time validation to ensure emails, usernames, passwords, and recaptcha are valid before submitting the form. in order to implement real time validation, we planned epic # which included two pieces:  	# – update backend api endpoints 	# – add real-time field validation for email, username, password to show errors before submission. while we do not have great analytics on how conversion increased, we do know from our support channels that these changes have anecdotally resulted in a significant decrease in support emails around patron signup. 	try it out 👉	https://openlibrary.org/account/create 	issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ book page redesign user interviews and surveys have taught us that most patrons who visit open library are trying to find a “book”. many patrons report that the terms work and edition may confuse their experience. this confusion is increased because a user can unpredictably be dropped into either a work page or an edition page which have different designs. our goal in redesigning the books page was to increase clarity of the experience and improve page loading times. to improve clarity and simplify the experience, we merged the work and edition pages to a single book page where patrons may find all the information about a work and learn about the availability of various editions without having to navigate multiple pages.   when redesigning the book page, we made the following changes: 	editions table. we made the editions table front-and-center to enable readers to quickly switch between the different editions. we also feature editions by availability and language, and allow patrons to change how many results are shown at a time. we added a new search box to enable patrons to find relevant editions without reloading.  	navigation tabs. we have bucketed the work’s information into an “overview” tab and the current edition’s information in the “this edition” tab. the tab bar always sticks to the top of the page for easy access to different sections of the page. 	expandable descriptions. in previous designs, long text descriptions made it difficult to see all important book information at a glance. there are now “read more” links to expand and collapse long descriptions. 	clearer buttons. all the favorite actions of readers such as borrowing, searching inside, adding books to one’s reading log, and book star ratings have been grouped together and moved right below the book cover. it’s hopefully more clear now that the “want to read” 	load times. we know page speed is a priority for readers. the new books page should be significantly faster (lazy loading of related works carousel). considerations. we tried to change as little as possible and were careful not to remove existing functionality: 	urls: developers and partners will be happy to hear that /works and /books urls and apis will continue to work as expected without change. both the work and edition pages will simply appear to use the same consistent design. 	lists: while admittedly slightly less convenient, you can still add works to lists by clicking the “use this work” checkbox as shown below. by default, lists will use editions. i had always worked in small teams with not a lot of stakeholders and no clash of ideas. the books page redesign was one in which the issue was open for years and it was being stalled due to clash of interests in how we should display our pages. completing this issue was a major milestone in my gsoc program where i learned to cooperate and compromise on some aspects of our design so that all stakeholders were happy. the feedback we received from our patrons was that ~ % patrons found the new books page a step forward, ~ % did not have any preference and ~ % found the change a step backward. therefore we think our hypothesis was correct and this feature would improve user experience and reduce user confusion. read more about the book page redesign: https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /re-thinking-open-librarys-book-pages/ 	try it out 👉	https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w/the_da_vinci_code 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ additional book page improvements after completing the book page redesign, we made two major improvements to help our librarian community and to improve performance and load times: a better book /edit experience and lazy loading of expensive book page components (e.g. related works carousels). book page editor. we redesigned the books page editor to enable our librarians edit book metadata with ease.  lazy loading of related carousels. to improve the page loading time we firstly created a list of components and their timings and noticed that the related works and author works took the most time to load thereby slowing down the page for up to %. therefore our hypothesis was to lazy load related works carousel which would then enable our newly designed books pages to load faster. the impact of this change was that now pages load up to % faster: 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ shareable profiles & public reading logs  we noticed that very few patrons share their reading logs or even know they can be shared. however, we know patrons on goodreads share their reading logs frequently. and also, lists on open library are shared all the time. why is this? in , when open library announced the new reading log feature, it was set to be private by default. we expected many patrons would change their reading logs to be public, but because it wasn’t public by default and difficult to discover, patrons didn’t know the feature existed and had no reason to make it public. in the spirit of being an open platform, we wanted patrons to have the opportunity to make their reading logs public to patrons with similar interests. as a result, we decided to make reading logs public by default for new accounts created after - , with the option for any patron to set their reading logs to private. even after making this change, we noticed patrons trying to share their generic /account/books page, however this page always reflects the content of the currently logged in user. by always redirecting /account/books to the publicly shareable /people/username url, we are able to move in a direction which enables patrons to freely share their reading logs and paves the way for other features like “following”, which we’re interested in exploring next year. enabling these change required: 	modifying the user registration page (front-end) + https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/blob/master/openlibrary/plugins/upstream/account.py#l (back-end) to support enabling this setting from the account creation form. 	for enabling redirects – adding a redirect from /account/books page to /people/username and dealing with conditions for public/private reading log. this change simplified how users share their reading log and profile pages publicly paving a path for more social additions to open library.   	try it out 👉 	https://openlibrary.org/people/tab /books/want-to-read, https://openlibrary.org/people/tab 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull requests:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ imports & exports goodreads provides a way to download/export a list of books from one’s bookshelves. this feature would allow a user to take an exported dump of their reading log from goodreads and then add each of these books to their open library account. the goodreads import feature from https://openlibrary.org/account/import the export options enables patrons to download a list of open library book identifiers from their reading log.  the download export option from https://openlibrary.org/account/import a picture of a csv file crated by the exporter 	try it out 👉 	https://openlibrary.org/account/import 	issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request: 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/   twitter bot our objective for this task was how do we reach more patrons/readers and help them discover more books on openlibrary.org? according to the hashtag analytics audit done on tweetbinder.com on hashtags #books #amazon using the free version the analytics show that in a day period the number of original tweets(excluding retweets) was approx. with a number impact of m. therefore this is a great opportunity for making our bookshelves discoverable. whenever a user tweets out a book with the amazon link/ an isbn, the twitter @borrowbot would retweet the book with the link from open library if it is available. the book will be tweeted only once. 	try it out 👉 	tweet @borrowbot isbn/ amazon link  	related issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	code:	https://github.com/tabshaikh/openlibrary-bots/tree/twitter-bot impact 	in no small part because of the bets we made, our international alexa rank improved by % from # , to # , . 	our book page load times improved on average by ~ %. 	 out of of our patrons approved of our book page redesign, with % celebrating it as game changer. 	more than , books have already been imported through the goodreads import tool 	support team reports significant decrease in account creation support emails what i learned i always looked for ways to improve my work and have always loved constructive feedback from my mentor mek who helped me learn how to estimate time for tasks, effectively identify stakeholders and include them in the process (reaching consensus on decisions was a lot harder than i anticipated), and how to communicate problems and achievements in a way which everyone may understand. also, writing takes a long time and it’s easy to want to code until the deadline. as our founder brewster kahle says, “work backwards from the blog post”.  i also had the privilege of applying what i’ve learned to be a mentor for both sachin naik (# # ) and fatima (# ) within our community and helping them submit some of their first pull requests for open library 											 					 					 					 						posted in bulk access, community, google summer of code (gsoc), open source 						| comments closed 					 					 				 			 		 							open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org. your use of the open library is subject to the internet archive's terms of use. 		 		 			 				 				« older posts 					 				 							 	 	 			 					 		 		 							 		 		 		 				search 						 							 								 								 							 						 					 				 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		 	 	 - - ditc_flyer_event- _final.jpg - google drive sign in draft-koster-rep- - robots exclusion protocol 	 	 	 toggle navigation 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 		 datatracker 		 	 	 	 	 	 enable javascript for full functionality. 	 	 	 	 groups 	active wgs 	active rgs 	other 	 active ags 	 active areas 	 active directorates 	 active programs 	 active rags 	 active teams 	 rsoc 	 	by area/parent 	 applications and real-time 	 general 	 internet 	 ops & mgmt 	 routing 	 security 	 transport 	 irtf 	 	new work 	chartering groups 	bofs 	 	other groups 	concluded groups 	non-wg lists 	 documents 	search 	recent drafts 	draft submission 	sign in to track docs 	 	rfc streams 	iab 	irtf 	ise 	 meetings 	agenda 	materials 	floor plan 	registration 	important dates 	proceedings 	upcoming 	past 	request a session 	session requests 	 other 	ipr disclosures 	liaison statements 	iesg agenda 	nomcoms 	downref registry 	 statistics 	drafts/rfcs 	meetings 	tutorials 	api help 	release notes 	 	 report a bug 	 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archive 	google network working group m. koster internet-draft stalworthy computing, ltd. intended status: informational g. illyes expires: june , h. zeller l. harvey google december , robots exclusion protocol draft-koster-rep- abstract this document standardizes and extends the "robots exclusion protocol" <http://www.robotstxt.org/> method originally defined by martijn koster in for service owners to control how content served by their services may be accessed, if at all, by automatic clients known as crawlers. status of this memo this internet-draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of bcp and bcp . internet-drafts are working documents of the internet engineering task force (ietf). note that other groups may also distribute working documents as internet-drafts. the list of current internet- drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. internet-drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. it is inappropriate to use internet-drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." this document may not be modified, and derivative works of it may not be created, except to format it for publication as an rfc or to translate it into languages other than english. this internet-draft will expire on june , . copyright notice copyright (c) ietf trust and the persons identified as the document authors. all rights reserved. this document is subject to bcp and the ietf trust's legal provisions relating to ietf documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. code components extracted from this document must include simplified bsd license text as described in section .e of the trust legal provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the simplified bsd license. koster, et al. expires june , [page ] internet-draft i-d july table of contents . introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . protocol definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . formal syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the user-agent line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the allow and disallow lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . special characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . other records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . access method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . access results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . caching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iana considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . simple example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . longest match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . uris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . author's address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . introduction this document applies to services that provide resources that clients can access through uris as defined in rfc [ ]. for example, in the context of http, a browser is a client that displays the content of a web page. crawlers are automated clients. search engines for instance have crawlers to recursively traverse links for indexing as defined in rfc [ ]. it may be inconvenient for service owners if crawlers visit the entirety of their uri space. this document specifies the rules that crawlers must obey when accessing uris. these rules are not a form of access authorization. . . terminology the key words "must", "must not", "required", "shall", "shall not", show full document text 	 	 	 	 	 	 rfc editor 	 iasa & ietf llc 	 ietf trust 	 irtf 	 ietf 	 iesg 	 iab 	 iana 	 privacy statement 	 ietf tools 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 about | 	 ietf datatracker | 	 version . . .p | 	 - - | 	 		report a bug: 	 tracker: 	 email: 		 python . . | 		django . . 	 	 	 	 dan cohen – vice provost, dean, and professor at northeastern university 		skip to the content 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 																	 								search 							 						 					 					 						dan cohen vice provost, dean, and professor at northeastern university 					 					 						 							 															 							menu 						 					 				 				 					 							 									about 	blog 	newsletter 	podcast 	publications 	social media 	cv 	rss 							 						 						 						 							 								 									 																				search 									 								 							 							 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april , by mark graham			 		 				 			robots.txt files were invented + years ago to help advise “robots,” mostly search engine web crawlers, which sections of a web site should be crawled and indexed for search. many sites use their robots.txt files to improve their seo (search engine optimization) by excluding duplicate content like print versions of recipes, excluding search result pages, excluding large files from crawling to save on hosting costs, or “hiding” sensitive areas of the site like administrative pages. (of course, over the years malicious actors have also used robots.txt files to identify those same sensitive areas!)  some crawlers, like google, pay attention to robots.txt directives, while others do not. over time we have observed that the robots.txt files that are geared toward search engine crawlers do not necessarily serve our archival purposes.  internet archive’s goal is to create complete “snapshots” of web pages, including the duplicate content and the large versions of files.  we have also seen an upsurge of the use of robots.txt files to remove entire domains from search engines when they transition from a live web site into a parked domain, which has historically also removed the entire domain from view in the wayback machine.  in other words, a site goes out of business and then the parked domain is “blocked” from search engines and no one can look at the history of that site in the wayback machine anymore.  we receive inquiries and complaints on these “disappeared” sites almost daily. a few months ago we stopped referring to robots.txt files on u.s. government and military web sites for both crawling and displaying web pages (though we respond to removal requests sent to info@archive.org). as we have moved towards broader access it has not caused problems, which we take as a good sign.  we are now looking to do this more broadly.   we see the future of web archiving relying less on robots.txt file declarations geared toward search engines, and more on representing the web as it really was, and is, from a user’s perspective. 					 		 		 			posted in announcements, news | 			 replies 								 	 				 					post navigation 					← a few advanced search tips 					drm for the web is a bad idea → 				 				 	 			 			 thoughts on “robots.txt meant for search engines don’t work well for web archives”		 			 		 			 				daniel april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				so the plan is to no longer respect robots.txt files with directives that explicitly say user-agent: ia_archiver? or user-agent: *? many website explicitly block the internet archive’s ia_archiver crawler while allowing other crawlers. have you considered adopting applenewsbot’s policy of pretending to be googlebot? robots directives written for googlebot is more permissive than rules for other crawlers. also, many sites block everything but googlebot. i’m kind of torn on whether i think it’s a good thing if you improve the archive by ignoring the wishes of webmasters or not. i often run into issues with pages missing from the archive only to discover that the website has specifically excluded the ia_archiver. however, i still believe it’s important to preserve a standardized mechanism for controlling crawlers and bots of all kinds. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		pingback: news roundup | lj infodocket 				 	 		 			 				joshua april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				a better choice would probably have been to respect robots.txt as of the time you crawled it; that is once archived changing robots.txt later doesn’t change its visibility. oh well. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				meditateordie april , at : am				 				 				 				 				i agree with this mostly, though some sites seem to block archive.org for no sensible reason – then when their site eventually dies, as all sites do sooner or later, all of that good, useful info is lost forever. perhaps giving more advanced users a means of over-riding robots.txt on a per-save and per-read basis while still keeping the default behaviors active for general use, might be a compromise that satisfies the needs of dutiful archivers, general users and webmasters. something like a url modification could be used to do the trick (this used to work in the past until this handy undocumented functionality was removed). eg: additions of varying numbers of “.” in the right parts of a url used to work nicely for saves and reads, until fairly recently. there’s not much point in us ‘saving the web’ if we human beings cannot access the archives because of our robot[s.txt] overlords! https://web.archive.org/web/https://u.cubeupload.com/zkj hq.gif 🙂 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				shannon april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				yay! sites that have retroactively changed their robots.txt have caused me a *lot* of problems for (recent) historical research. the info is often still out there, but it can take additional hours to find it. and sometimes it’s just gone instead. it never made any sense to block access to the archives today when the sites had allowed your crawling yesterday. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				adam april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				there is another problem with robots.txt that everyone on here should know. there are ways that archive could accidently be removed: -if a website goes dead, and a different web owner opens up his/her website with the same url as the dead one with robots.txt, the entire archive, including the dead website, will be removed. even if the new owner has nothing to own on the previous website. -if a site gets hacked to have robots.txt, the same thing happened as above. web archive should change their system so that the machine that checks robots.txt would not remove already-archived pages, only disable the process of archiving of the page after robots.txt is established. to remove all history, would require to talk to archive.org to “flag” that site so that users cannot archive it. also have a protection so that if web owners tries to remove history that isn’t theirs, would deny them (they are required to show proof of it) from deleting the dead site. please let me know by sending an email to adomsyik@gmail.com. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				mkklsdkls april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				as someone who has seen many good website be “park-nuked” and kicked out of the publicly accessible archive, i beg you people to ignore the parked website robots.txt’s wishes. if we really want to archive the web, people who have literally no relation to the previous website beyond usurping the previous name via domain-squatting should have no say in what is archived. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				andy l april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				i’m happy to hear about this change. i’ve always thought it was a shame that changes to the modern robot.txt files are able to reach back in time and scrub the site from existence. i guess i understand why that policy was put into place, but it doesn’t seem to make sense long term. for a convenient domain, its current website and owner might be completely unrelated to the historic page that was there before. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				georgene uddin april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				hey there. i discovered your weblog the usage of msn. that is an extremely well written article. i’ll make sure to bookmark it and come back to read extra of your useful information. thank you for the post. i’ll definitely return.| 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				posty april , at : am				 				 				 				 				could we expand this to more than just us government websites? australian government websites do this too. eg: http://operational.humanservices.gov.au/robots.txt that website clearly details how our governments social security system works, which changes and leaves the public at a disadvantage. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				yes, in general terms we think information produced by governments around the world, and published via public websites, should be preserved and made available via the wayback machine. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				andre borie april , at : am				 				 				 				 				i really don’t see any problem with this – if a human can access it, so should the archive be able to – anyone who doesn’t want their stuff being searchable/archived online should just put a password on it. the only good thing about robots.txt is the rate-limiting, so smaller sites can limit the bandwidth allocated to crawling if they wish. by the way, what does this mean for previously-archived sites that now changed their robots.txt to block the archive? do you still keep the original data, and in which case, would you be able to restore access to it? i’ve seen a few sites where they used to be accessible on the wayback machine but are not anymore due to a recent robots.txt change, and i’d love to see them available again if the original data wasn’t deleted. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				jim moores april , at : am				 				 				 				 				i’ve found that i can’t access archive material that i myself created because i let a domain i was no longer using expire and now it has a non-permissive robots.txt. at a minimum archive.org needs to respect the robots.txt only at the point of collection, but my personal opinion is that it should be ignored completely by archive.org and allow people to actively opt out in some other way. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				mo april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				in my case i was trying to retrieve an old web site of mine a cybersquatter later bought the domain and put up a robits.txt now i can’t see my own site the archive respects a new robots.txt file iwned by a squtter who is effectively blocking a historical archive they had nothing to do with. that is insane. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				thank you mo. people write to us about the situation you describe every day. in many cases they implore us to make their content available again. this is exactly the harm we wish to address here. and, everyone, please remember you can always write to info@archive.org if you would like us to not crawl your site. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				ryan april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				just this morning ia_archiver submitted a form on my site (the form was blank, but the point is that it clicked submit). any crawler that submits forms is a jerk crawler. would you consider redesigning your crawler to be less offensive? 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				the “ia_archiver” user agent is used by alexa internet, not the internet archive. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				henrik april , at : am				 				 				 				 				on tools.ietf.org, all the information is public. i use robots.txt primarily to steer web crawlers away from pages which require substantial cpu resources to generate. background: tools.ietf.org has been a pro-bono activity for years, and runs on donated hardware; i don’t have the means to upgrade to a level of cpu resources to be able to serve generated pages at the rate the searchbots can hit them. the pages i steer robots away from are for instance source repository diffs, logs, commits etc., served through trac. if a crawler is sufficiently gentle, and is able to back down the rate of crawl if the time to serve pages is long or go up, i’m perfectly happy to have all of the pages now denied by my robots.txt crawled. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				chris april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				i’d implore you to consider recognizing an “archive.txt”-like standard then. for people like myself who maintain a personal website, i tend to use it as a file server and would be quite annoyed if my resume (which contains an email address and contact phone number) ended up archived. the alternative would be i remove everything i don’t want archived. i don’t think that’s your intended goal, so please rethink this strategy. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				thank you for this chris. please do write to us at info@archive.org about any sites you manage. i promise we will be responsive. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				ross april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				internet archive, thank you for wanting to archive the web as users see it, which is the whole point of “saving the web!” i had respect for robots.txt year ago, but it’s today clear that we cannot allow site owners to affect the public record by their own selfish choices. stay the course, thanks again! 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				vinz april , at : am				 				 				 				 				alas, this comes too late for many of my favourite sites…. - took out a lot for some reason, as did mid- i guess i’ll have to hold out until computers can reconstruct things straight from memory then do a big ol’ rip. also wish i knew why it doesn’t save images properly sometimes, i run into a lot of those at self-hosted sites, unless the crawler just happened to hit it while a file was broken. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				darren duncan april , at : am				 				 				 				 				this is a good move on the part of the internet archive in principle. at the very least, something i remember requesting of the internet archive years ago, is that any respect they give robots.txt should be time sensitive. if a domain’s robots.txt allows archiving in the present, then the internet archive should always make today’s version of that content available in perpetuity, even if tomorrow’s robots.txt for that domain denies archiving. i would want any website i operate to be archived, and if i gave up any of my domain names in the future, i would not want the future owners of those domain names to be able to cause the internet archive to stop displaying the versions of the domain that existed while i controlled it. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				vix april , at : am				 				 				 				 				“archiving relying (..) more on representing the web as it really was, and is, from a user’s perspective.” i agree %. robots.txt aren’t limiting regular users and archiving purpose is to reflect the users’ perspective, not seo crawling. go for it! 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				michael martinez april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				if you ignore “robots.txt” directives people will find other ways to block you. while it’s unfortunate that you don’t keep data live after a “robots.txt” change, that is your own bad policy. the robots exclusion “standard” is not a standard, it’s an arbitrary and voluntary set of guidelines. no one forced the archive to take content offline after domain names changed hands. you can easily correct that bad practice by changing your policy rather than blaming the non-standard “standard” (of which most people are unaware) for the issue. while you’re fixing the problems with your system, you could also make it easier for webmasters who do know about both the “robots.txt” file and your archive to correct errors rather than have to wait hours or longer for your crawler to see changes. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				thank you michael. we encourage people to write to us at info@archive.org to report bugs, make requests (include for content to be removed from the wayback machine and for sites to not be crawled.) i assure you we read every message sent to us, and act on them as appropriate. many of the features we add, and bugs we fix, are a direct result of user feedback. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		pingback: the internet archive and robots.txt — pixel envy 				 	 		 			 				nascent april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				there still needs to be a way of specifically preventing ia from archiving a domain. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				please know that site owners can always write to info@archive.org and request that content from a site be removed from the wayback machine and from future crawling. we process requests like that every day. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		pingback: editors’ choice: robots.txt 				 	 		 			 				adam april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				its bad enough that robots.txt not only prevents archiving, it also deletes the entire achieve (in other words if you archive it, and later employs robots.txt, will delete it). including a website being hacked to include robots.txt. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				john april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				then please explain how i can keep a site ephemeral, as intended. are there ip address ranges, http headers, etc, that can be used to forbid access? what is the way to reliably keep sites out of the archive for the time you respected robots.txt, now, and forever? my sites explicitly tell robots “noarchive”. you shouldn’t even have the files on your systems. retroactively making archives public is a dick move. 								 				 								 			 					 		 			 				mark graham post authorapril , at : pm				 				 				 				 				hi john, please email your request to info@archive.org and we will promptly process it. 								 				 								 			 				 	 		 			 				chris haines april , at : pm				 				 				 				 				“we see the future of web archiving relying less on robots.txt file declarations geared toward search engines, and more on representing the web as it really was, and is, from a user’s perspective.” – i agree. i think times have changed, and this reflects what users want from a web archive these days. 								 				 								 			 				 		 				comments are closed. 		 	 	 			 		 	 			 			 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 				recent posts 			 					holiday cheer for a good cause 									 	 					library digital lending empowers people worldwide during covid- pandemic 									 	 					leaders in the open world, intellectual property, and social justice join our public domain day celebration 									 	 					dweb meetup: the latest in the dweb ecosystem 									 	 					community webs program receives $ , , andrew w. mellon foundation award for a national network of public libraries building local history web 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tool, documentation, and more 	 	 december 	google public dns and location-sensitive dns responses 	the four steps to appiness 	are you a robot? introducing no captcha recaptcha 	 november 	helping users find mobile-friendly pages 	 october 	tracking mobile usability in webmaster tools 	updating our technical webmaster guidelines 	best practices for xml sitemaps &amp; rss/atom feeds 	bring your local business online -- no website required! 	 september 	an update to the webmaster tools api 	webmaster academy now available in languages 	an improved search box within the search results 	optimizing for bandwidth on apache and nginx 	 august 	#nohacked: a global campaign to spread hacking awareness 	https as a ranking signal 	introducing the google news publisher center 	 july 	testing robots.txt files made easier 	promoting modern websites for modern devices in google search results 	troubleshooting hreflang annotations in webmaster tools 	 june 	android app indexing is now open for 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smartphone content 	changes in crawl error reporting for redirects 	google publisher plugin beta: bringing our publisher products to wordpress 	more detailed search queries in webmaster tools 	improved search queries stats for separate mobile sites 	 	 december 	so long, , and thanks for all the fish 	switching to the new website verification api 	improving url removals on third-party sites 	structured data dashboard: new markup error reports for easier debugging 	checklist and videos for mobile website improvement 	smartphone crawl errors in webmaster tools 	 november 	video: creating a seo strategy (with webmaster tools!) 	 october 	indexing apps just like websites 	easier recovery for hacked sites 	 september 	video: expanding your site to more languages 	better backlink data for site owners 	 august 	<code>"rel="author"</code> frequently asked (advanced) questions 	making smartphone sites load fast 	view manual webspam actions in webmaster tools 	in-depth articles in search results 	 july 	a reminder about manipulative or deceptive behavior 	easier navigation without gps 	 june 	introducing website satisfaction by google consumer surveys 	backlinks and reconsideration requests 	verify your site in webmaster tools using google tag manager 	changes in rankings of smartphone search results 	 may 	 quick tips for international websites 	getting started with structured data 	using schema.org markup for organization logos 	 april 	introducing "x-default hreflang" for international landing pages 	 common mistakes with rel=canonical 	 march 	the webmaster academy goes international 	a new opt-out tool 	easier management of website verifications 	making search-friendly mobile websites — now in more languages 	we created a first steps cheat sheet for friends & family 	new first stop for hacked site recovery 	 february 	a reminder about selling links that pass pagerank 	make the most of search queries in webmaster tools 	 january 	a faster image search 	 	 december 	webmaster tools verification strategies 	introducing data highlighter for event data 	helping webmasters with hacked sites 	 november 	giving tablet users the full-sized web 	 october 	a new tool to disavow links 	make the web faster with mod_pagespeed, now out of beta 	rich snippets guidelines 	google webmaster guidelines updated 	keeping you informed of critical website issues 	 september 	structured data testing tool 	answering the top questions from government webmasters 	 august 	site errors breakdown 	search queries alerts in webmaster tools 	configuring url parameters in webmaster tools 	website testing & google search 	domain verification using cname records 	 july 	introducing the structured data dashboard 	new notifications about inbound links 	behold google index secrets, revealed! 	on web semantics 	new crawl error alerts from webmaster tools 	 june 	adding associates to manage your youtube presence 	seo essentials for startups in under minutes 	download to google spreadsheet from webmaster tools 	for webmasters: google+ and the + button 	recommendations for building smartphone-optimized websites 	easier domain verification 	 may 	now you can polish up google’s translation of your website 	multilingual and multinational site annotations in sitemaps 	introducing webmaster academy 	making more pages load instantly 	sorting and filtering results in custom search 	navigation, dashboard and home page 	coding guidelines for html and css 	 april 	responsive design – harnessing the power of media queries 	even more top search queries data 	 words about images 	how to move your content to a new location 	webmaster tools spring cleaning 	another step to reward high-quality sites 	updates to rich snippets 	 march 	five common seo mistakes (and six good ideas!) 	upcoming changes in google’s http referrer 	video about pagination with <code>rel="next"</code> and <code>rel="prev"<code> 	crawl errors: the next generation 	keeping your free hosting service valuable for searchers 	safely share access to your site in webmaster tools 	 february 	using schema.org markup for videos 	preparing your site for a traffic spike 	 january 	more options for google+ badges 	what’s new with sitemaps 	update to top search queries data 	making form-filling faster, easier and smarter 	page layout algorithm improvement 	better page titles in search results 	 	 december 	download search queries data using python 	website user research and testing on the cheap 	rich snippets instructional videos 	introducing smartphone googlebot-mobile 	clicks and impressions for authors 	tips for hosting providers and webmasters 	new markup for multilingual content 	 november 	grow your audience with google+ 	get, post, and safely surfacing more of the web 	 october 	raising awareness of cross-domain url selections 	accessing search query data for your sites 	create and manage custom search engines from within webmaster tools 	webmaster forums' top contributors rock 	webmaster tools search queries data is now available in google analytics 	 september 	work smarter, not harder, with site health 	pagination with <code>rel="next"</code> and <code>rel="prev"<code> 	reconsideration requests get more transparent 	introducing: application rich snippets 	Îñţérñåţîöñåļîžåţîöñ 	recognizing top contributors in google's help forums 	pdfs in google search results 	 august 	reorganizing internal vs. external backlinks 	google news now crawling with googlebot 	making the most of improvements to the + button 	help us improve google search 	a new rich snippets format for music 	introducing new and improved sitelinks 	high-quality sites algorithm launched in additional languages 	new webmaster tutorial videos 	a new, improved form for reporting webspam 	submit urls to google with fetch as googlebot 	 july 	preview the latest + button changes 	page speed service - web performance, delivered. 	the + button: now faster 	improved handling of urls with parameters 	validation: measuring and tracking code quality 	 june 	beyond pagerank: graduating to actionable metrics 	+ reporting in google webmaster tools and google analytics 	+ around the world 	protecting your site with gruyere 	webinar: implementing the + button 	announcing instant pages 	authorship markup and web search 	pilot webmaster tools’ search queries data in google analytics 	introducing schema.org: search engines come together for a richer web 	add + to help your site stand out 	 may 	troubleshooting instant previews in webmaster tools 	easier url removals for site owners 	website security for webmasters 	introducing the google webmaster team 	page speed online has a shiny new api 	more guidance on building high-quality sites 	flash support in instant previews 	do s hurt my site? 	 april 	an update on google video: finding an easier way to migrate google video content to youtube 	wordpress plugin for webmaster tools verification 	your fast pass through security 	sharing advice from our london site clinic 	high-quality sites algorithm goes global, incorporates user feedback 	our seo guide — now available in ten more languages 	 march 	changes in the chrome user agent 	introducing page speed online, with mobile support 	mo’ better to also detect mobile user-agent 	introducing the + button 	tag your tv shows! 	page speed for chrome, and in languages! 	 february 	introducing recipe view, based on rich snippets markup 	making websites mobile friendly 	beyond times and arial - the new web safe fonts 	linking google analytics to webmaster tools 	update to webmaster tools search queries 	 january 	using webmaster tools like an seo 	how to deal with planned site downtime 	understanding your opportunities with adsense 	 	 december 	"it's on google! yay!" - getting webmaster help in our forum 	sending video sitemaps q&a holiday cheer 	improving our help content: stocking stuffers in our help center 	video sitemaps & mrss vs. facebook share & rdfa 	ring in the new year with accessible content: website clinic for non-profits 	holiday source code housekeeping: website clinic for non-profits 	a helping holiday hand: website clinic for non-profits 	new hacked site notifications in search results 	webmaster tools’ holiday update 	 november 	controlling crawling and indexing now documented on code.google.com 	petits fours in your search results 	what a feeling! even better indexing of swf content 	instant previews 	a chrome extension for reporting webspam 	how to help google identify web spam 	make your websites run faster, automatically -- try mod_pagespeed for apache 	rich snippets for shopping sites 	best practices for running multiple sites 	 october 	website clinic: call for submissions 	optimizing sites for tv 	webmaster tools - links to your site updated 	webmaster tools: updates to search queries, parameter handling and messages 	 september 	seo starter guide updated 	finding places on the web: rich snippets for local search 	video sitemaps: is your video part of a gallery? 	tips for getting help with your site 	unifying content under multilingual templates 	google instant: impact on search queries 	new ways to view webmaster tools messages 	rich snippets: testing tool improvements, breadcrumbs, and events 	 august 	google now indexes svg 	showing more results from a domain 	verification time savers —  analytics included! 	to err is human, video sitemap feedback is divine! 	video sitemaps: understanding location tags 	 july 	new message center notifications for detecting an increase in crawl errors 	video sitemaps : making your videos searchable 	 june 	sitemaps: one file, many content types 	quality links to your site 	google videos best practices 	our new search index: caffeine 	crawl errors now reports soft s 	grab bag videos are back! 	 may 	chrome extensions for web development 	top search queries is now search queries with average position and stars 	call for webspam reports in thai, indonesian, romanian, czech and farsi 	do know evil 	url removal explained, part iv: tracking your requests & what not to remove 	you and site performance, sitting in a tree... 	 april 	rich snippets go international 	to slash or not to slash 	url removal explained, part iii: removing content that you don't own 	help google index your videos 	updated malware feature in webmaster tools 	webmasters - configure google services at your hosting panel 	more data and charts in top search queries 	better recipes on the web: introducing recipe rich snippets 	using site speed in web search ranking 	when and why was my site flagged for malware? learn in near real-time! 	adding images to your sitemaps 	url removals explained, part ii: removing sensitive text from a page 	a word on site clinics 	 march 	dns verification ftw 	url removal explained, part i: urls & directories 	will the real <your site here> please stand up? 	working with multilingual websites 	sharing advice from our site clinic 	working with multi-regional websites 	microdata support for rich snippets 	fetch as googlebot mobile and claim your sidewiki comment - added to webmaster tools labs! 	sharing the verification love 	google's seo report card 	is your site hacked? new message center notifications for hacking and abuse 	 february 	how did you do on the webmaster quiz? 	 january 	request visitors' permission before installing software 	protect your site from spammers with recaptcha 	introducing a new rich snippets format: events 	google seo resources for beginners 	state of the index 	test your webmaster know-how! 	answering your december grab bag questions 	 	 december 	helping webmasters from user to user 	handling legitimate cross-domain content duplication 	your site's performance in webmaster tools 	how fast is your site? 	new user agent for news 	region tags in google search results 	changes in first click free 	 november 	generic cialis on my website? i think my site has been hacked! 	hard facts about comment spam 	'new software version' notifications for your site 	running desktop and mobile versions of your site 	pros and cons of watermarked images 	help google index your mobile site 	post-halloween treat: new keywords user interface! 	new personalization features in google friend connect 	get your site ready for the holidays: webmasters - make your list and check it twice! 	 october 	using rss/atom feeds to discover new urls 	help us make the web better: an update on rich snippets 	verifying a blogger blog in webmaster tools 	one million youtube views! 	dealing with low-quality backlinks 	let's make the mobile web faster 	managing your reputation through search results 	fetch as googlebot and malware details -- now in webmaster tools labs! 	a proposal for making ajax crawlable 	reunifying duplicate content on your website 	new parameter handling tool helps with duplicate content issues 	google friend connect: no more ftp... just get started! 	changes to website verification in webmaster tools 	 september 	translate your website with google: expand your audience globally 	using named anchors to identify sections on your pages 	google does not use the keywords meta tag in web ranking 	spanish site clinic now live 	duplicate content and multiple site issues 	recommendations for webmaster friendly freehosts. 	supporting facebook share and rdfa for videos 	tips for news search 	 august 	specifying an image's license using rdfa 	new tools for google services for websites 	help test some next-generation infrastructure 	optimize your crawling & indexing 	how do you use webmaster tools? share your stories and become a youtube star! 	advanced q&a from (the appropriately-named) smx advanced 	 july 	webmaster tools gets a "summer shine" 	google friend connect - now in new languages 	webmaster central youtube update for july th - th 	google maps gadget: help customers find their way 	webmaster central youtube update for june th - july rd 	 june 	webmaster central youtube update for june nd - th 	traffic drops and site architecture issues 	spam . : fake user accounts and spam profiles 	tell us what you think! 	watch out for your .yu domain! 	let's make the web faster 	webmaster central youtube update for june th - th 	flash indexing with external resource loading 	reconsideration requests: now with notifications 	best practices for product search 	webmaster central youtube update for june th - th 	an update on sitemaps at google 	out with the old, in with the new 	message forwarding 	webmaster central youtube update for june st - th 	seo starter guide now available in languages 	introducing page speed 	webmaster central youtube update for may - 	 may 	let visitors recommend your content 	introducing rich snippets 	google trends for your website 	more ways to engage your community 	survey says... 	 april 	spring time design refresh! 	google webmaster help forums in more languages 	research study of sitemaps 	tips on requesting reconsideration 	one-line sitelinks 	 march 	helping your site look great with google chrome 	making more tools available with just a click 	get up-to-date on image search 	using stats from site: and sitemap details 	 february 	canonical link element: presentation from smx west 	introducing the google webmaster central youtube channel 	best practices against hacking 	state of the index: my presentation from pubcon vegas 	specify your canonical 	help us help you 	google friend connect introduces the social bar 	 january 	open redirect urls: is your site being abused? 	year in review 	adding a social playlist to your site 	seamless verification of google sites and blogger with webmaster tools 	a new google sitemap generator for your website 	preventing virtual blight: my presentation from web . summit 	 	 december 	japanese wmc blog launched 	feliz navidad from the spanish webmaster central team! 	wishing you and your site a happy holiday! 	quick and easy tips for the holiday rush 	sitemap submission made simple 	webmaster tools in languages! 	message center info through our api 	reintroducing your english webmaster help google guides 	friend connect now available in beta to everyone 	one place for changing your site's settings 	a new look for our webmaster help group 	more control of googlebot's crawl rate 	 november 	date with googlebot, part ii: http status codes and if-modified-since 	better targeting your indic language site 	on-demand sitemaps for custom search 	google's seo starter guide 	 october 	spookier than malware 	reflections on the "tricks and treats" webmaster event 	malware? we don't need no stinking malware! 	webmaster chat event: vote early and often! 	join us for our third live online webmaster chat! 	where's my data? 	first click free for web search 	message center warnings for hackable sites 	video tutorial: google for webmasters 	helping you break the language barrier 	webmaster tools api updated with site settings 	webmaster tools shows crawl error sources 	good times with inbound links 	linking out: often it's just applying common sense 	importance of link architecture 	links information straight from the source 	 september 	advanced website diagnostics with google webmaster tools 	keeping comment spam off your site and away from users 	more webmaster questions - answered! 	dynamic urls vs. static urls 	webmaster tools made easier in french, italian, german and spanish 	demystifying the "duplicate content penalty" 	your burning questions - answered! 	workin' it on all browsers 	 august 	the impact of user feedback, part (and more popular picks!) 	silver_medal_count++ 	hey google, i no longer have badware 	make your pages more useful 	more on 	farewell to soft s 	it's week at webmaster central 	how to start a multilingual site 	to infinity and beyond? no! 	 july 	a day in the life of webmaster support 	matt cutts on ranking, spam and the future of search 	google trifecta recording now available 	helping yourself to webmaster tools 	requesting reconsideration using google webmaster tools 	 june 	improved flash indexing 	what are your seo recommendations? 	free online seminar: the google trifecta 	get the audio and q&as from our recent live chat 	one year of monitored european webmaster help groups 	get cooking with the webmaster tools api 	a new layer to google trends 	join us for another live chat - june , 	duplicate content due to scrapers 	the impact of user feedback, part 	improving on robots exclusion protocol 	how google defines ip delivery, geolocation, and cloaking 	 may 	making more housecalls 	webmaster tools now in languages 	becoming social 	design patterns for accessible, crawlable and indexable content 	sitemaps offer better coverage for your custom search engine 	 april 	where in the world is your site? 	retiring support for oai-pmh in sitemaps 	best practices when moving your site 	webmaster tips for creating accessible, crawlable sites 	crawling through html forms 	my site's been hacked - now what? 	improvements to igoogle gadgets for webmaster tools 	 march 	making harmonious use of webmaster tools and analytics 	speaking the language of robots 	bionic posters help webmasters worldwide 	taking advantage of universal search, part 	join us for an online live chat this friday! 	good housekeeping 	ses london calling! 	tips for making information universally accessible 	german webmaster blog turns one 	webmaster tools keeps your "messages waiting" 	first date with the googlebot: headers and compression 	 february 	igoogle gadgets for webmaster tools 	cross-submissions via robots.txt on sitemaps.org 	leap day hackathon for google gadgets, maps, and more 	 must-read webmaster central blog posts 	 january 	feeling lucky at pubcon 	sitemaps faqs 	remove your content from google 	growing the webmaster help groups team 	looking back on 	 	 december 	a festivus for our webmasterus 	the ultimate fate of supplemental results 	taking feeds out of our web search results 	introducing video sitemaps 	fyi on google toolbar's latest features 	new: content analysis and sitemap details, plus more languages 	using alt attributes smartly 	answering more popular picks: meta tags and web search 	information about buying and selling links that pass pagerank 	 november 	the anatomy of a search result 	a dozen ways to discuss "webmaster help" 	bringing the conference to you 	go daddy and google offer easy access to webmaster tools 	a spider's view of web . 	 october 	happy halloween to our spooktacular webmasters! 	better geographic choices for webmasters 	dealing with sitemap cross-submissions 	blast from the past 	introducing code search sitemaps 	webmasters can now provide feedback on sitelinks 	data freshness 	 september 	improve snippets with a meta description makeover 	quick security checklist for webmasters 	subscriber stats and more 	google, duplicate content caused by url parameters, and you 	webmaster central gets a new look 	 august 	update on penalty notifications 	register non-english domain names with webmaster tools 	join us at cool ses san jose - it'll be hot! 	new robots.txt feature and rep meta tags 	malware reviews via webmaster tools 	server location, cross-linking, and web . technology thoughts 	 july 	supplemental goes mainstream 	message center: let us communicate with you about your site 	new warnings feedback 	best uses of flash 	how to create valuable startpages 	 june 	we are back from the ses milan! 	google's email communication with webmasters 	revamping the webmaster tools help center 	expanding the webmaster central team 	duplicate content summit at smx advanced 	more ways for you to give us input 	more details about our webmaster guidelines 	 may 	plumbing the web 	why we attend conferences 	taking advantage of universal search 	musings on down under 	analytics - another tool for webmasters 	about those fake penalty notification emails 	 april 	getting your site indexed 	come out to smx advanced in seattle and party with webmaster central 	we were in madrid 	more insight into anchor text 	requesting removal of content from our index 	what's new with sitemaps.org? 	drop by and see us at ses ny 	linking 	 march 	blogher : building your audience 	an update on spam reporting 	tips for eastern european webmasters 	site content and use of web catalogues 	get a more complete picture about how other sites link to you 	brand new german webmaster central blog 	all about robots 	using the robots meta tag 	using the site: command 	 february 	traveling down under: gwc at search engine room and search summit australia 	better badware notifications for webmasters 	tips on using feeds and information on subscriber counts in reader 	our valentine's day gift: out of beta and adding comments 	update on public service search 	come see us at ses london and hear tips on successful site architecture 	discover your links 	 january 	a quick word about googlebombs 	about badware warnings 	the year in review 	 	 december 	better understanding of your site 	deftly dealing with duplicate content 	building link-based popularity 	ses chicago - using images 	come and see us at search engine strategies chicago 	 november 	viva, webmasters in vegas 	introducing sitemaps for google news 	joint support for the sitemap protocol 	badware alerts for your sites 	las vegas pubcon 	new third-party sitemaps tools 	the number of pages googlebot crawls 	 october 	target visitors or search engines? 	update to our webmaster guidelines 	googlebot activity reports 	learn more about googlebot's crawl of your site and more! 	got a website? get gadgets. 	multiple sitemaps in the same directory 	useful information you may have missed 	 september 	fresher query stats 	introducing google checkout 	how to verify googlebot 	debugging blocked urls 	for those wondering about public service search 	setting the preferred domain 	information about sitelinks 	better details about when googlebot last visited a page 	 august 	how search results may differ based on accented characters and interface languages 	listen in - matt cutts and vanessa fox talk search 	system maintenance 	all about googlebot 	back from ses san jose 	chat with us in person at the search engine strategies conference 	more webmaster tools 	new name better reflects our commitment to communicate with you 	blogher tips 	time to verify 	back from blogher 	 july 	support for polish 	more control over titles too 	more control over page snippets 	tips for non-u.s. sites 	 june 	yahoo! merchants get sitemaps 	get more from the latest release 	webmaster help center updates 	the sitemaps google group 	another update on the site: operator 	an update on the site: operator 	 may 	live in our hometown 	a few questions from our google group 	issues with the site: operator query 	https verification 	more about meta tag verification 	 april 	updated robots.txt status 	a whole new look and a lot more 	back from pubcon 	join us for lunch! 	more third-party tools 	using the lastmod attribute 	https verification 	resolving issues listed in the errors tab 	adding new content 	robots.txt tab maintenance 	 march 	more information on the new unsupported file format error for sitemaps 	improving things behind the scenes 	if you see a we couldn't find your verification file error when you try to verify 	we've fixed an issue with verification files that included leading zeros 	 february 	come by and say hi 	using a robots.txt file 	we'd like your feedback on a potential new verification process 	we've fixed a few things 	improving your site's indexing and ranking 	analyzing a robots.txt file 	from the field 	unexpected common words 	more stats and analysis of robots.txt files 	a chat with the sitemaps team 	giving others access to sitemaps account information 	 january 	more about changing domain names 	answers to friday questions 	more language support 	happy new year! 	 	 december 	www vs non-www versions of a site 	verifying a site located in a subdirectory 	more query stats; verification enhancements 	lowercase verification filenames 	new version of sitemap generator 	 november 	trouble with verification 	if you don't see the full range of stats 	third-party programs 	sitemaps in japanese 	site verification 	more stats! 	changing domains 	urls with http errors 	what to do when your sitemap status is denied urls 	 october 	when your site changes 	including site pages in a sitemap 	searching what google knows about your site 	verifying your site 	 september 	all new! 	we show you more 	how is a google sitemap different from an html sitemap? 	using oai-pmh with google sitemaps 	combining sitemaps into one larger sitemap 	announcing sitemap generator version . : improved encoding support 	google sitemaps in your language 	verifying your site: trouble with pages 	 august 	submitting mobile sitemaps 	mobile pages and new statistics 	what urls should a sitemap include? 	what's in a name? 	using sitemap index files 	just getting started... 	more resources 	subscribe to our rss feed 	follow us on twitter 	subscribe to our youtube channel 	 not much time? 	 quickstart 	 get on google 	 optimize your site for search engines 	 measuring your performance on google 	 beginner seo 	 get started 	 seo starter guide 	 do you need an seo? 	 beginners guide to search console 	 advanced seo 	 get started 	 guidelines 	 control crawling and indexing 	 change your search appearance 	 optimize page experience 	 blog 	 events 	 documentation updates 	 home 	 google search central 	 what's new 	 google search central blog [{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingtheinformationineed", "label":"missing the information i need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "toocomplicatedtoomanysteps", "label":"too complicated / too many steps" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "outofdate", "label":"out of date" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "samplescodeissue", "label":"samples/code issue" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherdown", "label":"other" }] [{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "easytounderstand", "label":"easy to understand" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "solvedmyproblem", "label":"solved my problem" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "otherup", "label":"other" }] need to tell us more? send feedback formalizing the robots exclusion protocol specification monday, july , for years, the robots exclusion protocol (rep) has been one of the most basic and critical components of the web. it allows website owners to exclude automated clients, for example web crawlers, from accessing their sites - either partially or completely. in , martijn koster (a webmaster himself) created the initial standard after crawlers were overwhelming his site. with more input from other webmasters, the rep was born, and it was adopted by search engines to help website owners manage their server resources easier. however, the rep was never turned into an official internet standard, which means that developers have interpreted the protocol somewhat differently over the years. and since its inception, the rep hasn't been updated to cover today's corner cases. this is a challenging problem for website owners because the ambiguous de-facto standard made it difficult to write the rules correctly. we wanted to help website owners and developers create amazing experiences on the internet instead of worrying about how to control crawlers. together with the original author of the protocol, webmasters, and other search engines, we've documented how the rep is used on the modern web, and submitted it to the ietf. the proposed rep draft reflects over years of real world experience of relying on robots.txt rules, used both by googlebot and other major crawlers, as well as about half a billion websites that rely on rep. these fine grained controls give the publisher the power to decide what they'd like to be crawled on their site and potentially shown to interested users. it doesn't change the rules created in , but rather defines essentially all undefined scenarios for robots.txt parsing and matching, and extends it for the modern web. notably: 	 any uri based transfer protocol can use robots.txt. for example, it's not limited to http anymore and can be used for ftp or coap as well. 	 developers must parse at least the first kibibytes of a robots.txt. defining a maximum file size ensures that connections are not open for too long, alleviating unnecessary strain on servers. 	 a new maximum caching time of hours or cache directive value if available, gives website owners the flexibility to update their robots.txt whenever they want, and crawlers aren't overloading websites with robots.txt requests. for example, in the case of http, cache-control headers could be used for determining caching time. 	 the specification now provisions that when a previously accessible robots.txt file becomes inaccessible due to server failures, known disallowed pages are not crawled for a reasonably long period of time. additionally, we've updated the augmented backus-naur form in the internet draft to better define the syntax of robots.txt, which is critical for developers to parse the lines. rfc stands for request for comments, and we mean it: we uploaded the draft to ietf to get feedback from developers who care about the basic building blocks of the internet. as we work to give web creators the controls they need to tell us how much information they want to make available to googlebot, and by extension, eligible to appear in search, we have to make sure we get this right. if you'd like to drop us a comment, ask us questions, or just say hi, you can find us on twitter and in our webmaster community, both offline and online. posted by henner zeller, lizzi harvey, and gary [{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "missingtheinformationineed", "label":"missing the information i need" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "toocomplicatedtoomanysteps", "label":"too complicated / too many steps" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "outofdate", "label":"out of date" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "samplescodeissue", "label":"samples/code issue" },{ "type": "thumb-down", "id": "otherdown", "label":"other" }] [{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "easytounderstand", "label":"easy to understand" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "solvedmyproblem", "label":"solved my problem" },{ "type": "thumb-up", "id": "otherup", "label":"other" }] need to tell us more? send feedback except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the creative commons attribution . license, and code samples are licensed under the apache . license. for details, see the google developers site policies. java is a registered trademark of oracle and/or its affiliates. last updated - - utc. 	 ask questions 	 post in our help community 	 join seo office hours 	 help documentation 	 get updates 	 blog 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 resources 	 do you need an seo? 	 seo starter guide 	 search console documentation 	 case studies 	 tools 	 search console 	 mobile-friendly test 	 rich results test 	 pagespeed insights 	 amp test 	 android 	 chrome 	 firebase 	 google cloud platform 	 all products 	 terms 	 privacy 	 sign up for the google developers newsletter subscribe language english bahasa indonesia deutsch español français português – brasil Русский 中文 – 简体 日本語 한국어 vtditc & tim donovan master class - - - .jpg - google drive sign in commonplace.net – data. the final frontier. 		 	 	 	 	 	 	skip to content 	 		 			 				commonplace.net data. the final frontier. 			 			 			 					publications 	a common place 	all posts 	about 	contact 			 		 	 			 		 				 	 	 		 	 		 		 			 									 	 		infrastructure for heritage institutions – ark pid’s 		 			november , november , lukas kosterdata, infrastructure, library		 				 	 		 		in the digital infrastructure program at the library of the university of amsterdam we have reached a first milestone. in my previous post in the infrastructure for heritage institutions series, “change of course“, i mentioned the coming implementation of ark persistent identifiers for our collection objects. since november , , ark pid’s are available for our university library alma catalogue through the primo user interface. implementation of ark pid’s for the other collection description systems […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		infrastructure for heritage institutions – change of course 		 			june , lukas kosterdata, infrastructure, library		 				 	 		 		in july i published the first post about our planning to realise a “coherent and future proof digital infrastructure” for the library of the university of amsterdam. in february i reported on the first results. as frequently happens, since then the conditions have changed, and naturally we had to adapt the direction we are following to achieve our goals. in other words: a change of course, of course.  projects  i will leave aside the […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		infrastructure for heritage institutions – first results 		 			february , february , lukas kosterdata, infrastructure, library		 				 	 		 		in july i published the post infrastructure for heritage institutions in which i described our planning to realise a “coherent and future proof digital infrastructure” for the library of the university of amsterdam. time to look back: how far have we come? and time to look forward: what’s in store for the near future? ongoing activities i mentioned three “currently ongoing activities”:  monitoring and advising on infrastructural aspects of new projects maintaining a structured dynamic overview […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		infrastructure for heritage institutions 		 			july , january , lukas kosterdata, infrastructure, library		 				 	 		 		during my vacation i saw this tweet by liber about topics to address, as suggested by the participants of the liber conference in dublin: it shows a word cloud (yes, a word cloud) containing a large number of terms. i list the ones i can read without zooming in (so the most suggested ones, i guess), more or less grouped thematically: open scienceopen dataopen accesslicensingcopyrightslinked open dataopen educationcitizen science scholarly communicationdigital humanities/dhdigital scholarshipresearch assessmentresearch […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		ten years linked open data 		 			june , february , lukas kosterdata, library		 				 	 		 		this post is the english translation of my original article in dutch, published in meta ( - ), the flemish journal for information professionals. ten years after the term “linked data” was introduced by tim berners-lee it appears to be time to take stock of the impact of linked data for libraries and other heritage institutions in the past and in the future. i will do this from a personal historical perspective, as a library technology professional, […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		maps, dictionaries and guidebooks 		 			august , february , lukas kosterdata		 				 	 		 		interoperability in heterogeneous library data landscapes libraries have to deal with a highly opaque landscape of heterogeneous data sources, data types, data formats, data flows, data transformations and data redundancies, which i have earlier characterized as a “data maze”. the level and magnitude of this opacity and heterogeneity varies with the amount of content types and the number of services that the library is responsible for. academic and national libraries are possibly dealing with more […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		standard deviations in data modeling, mapping and manipulation 		 			june , february , lukas kosterdata		 				 	 		 		or: anything goes. what are we thinking? an impression of elag this year’s elag conference in stockholm was one of many questions. not only the usual questions following each presentation (always elicited in the form of yet another question: “any questions?”). but also philosophical ones (why? what?). and practical ones (what time? where? how? how much?). and there were some answers too, fortunately. this is my rather personal impression of the event. for a […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		analysing library data flows for efficient innovation 		 			november , february , lukas kosterlibrary		 				 	 		 		in my work at the library of the university of amsterdam i am currently taking a step forward by actually taking a step back from a number of forefront activities in discovery, linked open data and integrated research information towards a more hidden, but also more fundamental enterprise in the area of data infrastructure and information architecture. all for a good cause, for in the end a good data infrastructure is essential for delivering high […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		looking for data tricks in libraryland 		 			september , january , lukas kosterlibrary		 				 	 		 		ifla annual world library and information congress lyon – libraries, citizens, societies: confluence for knowledge after attending the ifla library linked data satellite meeting in paris i travelled to lyon for the first three days (august - ) of the ifla annual world library and information congress. this year’s theme “libraries, citizens, societies: confluence for knowledge” was named after the confluence or convergence of the rivers rhône and saône where the city of […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 									 	 		library linked data happening 		 			august , january , lukas kosterlibrary		 				 	 		 		on august the ifla satellite meeting ‘linked data in libraries: let’s make it happen!’ took place at the national library of france in paris. rurik greenall (who also wrote a very readable conference report) and i had the opportunity to present our paper ‘an unbroken chain: approaches to implementing linked open data in libraries; comparing local, open-source, collaborative and commercial systems’. in this paper we do not go into reasons for libraries to […] 	 	 		read more 	 	 			 	 							 			 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 		 		 	 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		 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 				 					« open library for language learners 					 					giacomo cignoni: my internship at the internet archive » 					 				 					 				 				 					google summer of code : adoption by book lovers 					 	by mek 	 | 	published: august , 	 				 					 					 						 by tabish shaikh & mek openlibrary.org,the world’s best-kept library secret: let’s make it easier for book lovers to discover and get started with open library. hi, my name is tabish shaikh and this summer i participated in the google summer of code program with open library to develop improvements which will help book lovers discover and use openlibrary.org. my journey into open source when i got to college, i could tell classes would not be enough to help me get the hands on experience i would need to gain confidence in my programming abilities. i heard from friends and professors within my university that open source projects presented a great opportunity to work with established engineers in the field to gain hands-on experience. in the past, i tried contributing to a few well known open source projects, like wikipedia. i selected wikipedia because the community is large, active, and well established, there’s a lot of documentation, and the project is in a programming language i know well. i quickly became overwhelmed. wikipedia may be well established, but a project of that size felt difficult to navigate without a mentor to guide me. i was able to successfully set up my environment, but then i had trouble finding an appropriate first issue to work on and hit a dead end as i tried to familiarize myself with the code. i found myself wishing for a chance to work more closely with the community. one evening in march of , i was searching for a free algorithms book on google and discovered open library. i had trouble finding the exact book i was looking for, but i could tell open library was an important library resource for accessing free books online and i noted their dated design as a big opportunity for improvement. so i bookmarked the page in my browser and was surprised to discover a “help us” button. i clicked the button and landed on a github issue which mentions their community calls. this gave me confidence there was a community which could help me get started and answer my questions, so i decided to give it a shot. the community calls gave me a guided path for positively improving the experience of patrons using the service. during the community calls, members present what they’ve completed, what they’re working on, and what they may be stuck with. in reality, this is a way to be seen for your achievements, update others, and receive help. having this type of structure helped me discover which appropriate opportunities exist, how to approach and plan to solve the problem. this experience was really special to me because it was the first time i had been part of an international community and all of the members were aligned toward a common goal of universal access to knowledge. in the first few months of volunteering i redesigned the website footer and made several pull requests. i also noticed salman was participating in google summer of code (gsoc) in . i applied to work with open library for gsoc in and was disappointed to learn the internet archive didn’t have enough slots for open library to participate. fortunately, i worked with mek, open library’s program lead, who recognized my contributions and arranged an “internet archive summer of code” (iasoc) internship program where we accomplished a major victory of releasing the sponsorship program which empowers the community to make meaningful, diverse books more available to borrow. you can read the blog post here which was picked up by boingboing and gizmodo. noticing a problem during my years volunteering, we recognized several indicators that open library could be better serving its mission by distributing to a larger audience. open library, which has millions of free books to borrow, has an international alexa rank of  # , , compared to goodreads which is a top # website without having books to borrow. the data also showed many patrons would drop off at the registration page because it didn’t offer immediate field validation and the fields would be cleared upon submit if, e.g. an email was already registered. the book pages, our most frequently viewed pages, were also very slow to load, causing patrons to drop-off. also the experience of the book pages was confusing because there were separate views for works and editions. because of all these factors, only around % of the internet archive’s books were checked out, meaning % of the catalog remained underutilized. i applied to gsoc with a plan, “adoption by book lovers” to resolve some of these key issues, help more people like myself discover and derive value from the open library, and hopefully improve their first experience in the process. placing our bets in the service of helping more patrons discover open library, increasing our utilization and engagement, and decreasing confusion and bad experiences, we made key bets: 	improving sign up 	book page redesign 	shareable profiles & public reading log 	imports & exports 	twitter bot there’s a common saying, “the first impression is the last impression”. this has certainly been true for many patrons attempting to sign up for an open library account. the easiest, surest way to help more patrons derive value from the open library platform is by improving sign up; reducing the friction and early negative first impressions during account creation. open library’s mission for was “reducing bad experiences, confusion, & dead-ends”. by combining our works and editions pages into a single more performant book page redesign we believed we’d reduce the confusion of users searching for their favourite books and in turn, also increase distribution. the doubleclick study by google shows that % of patrons drop off if page load is exceeds seconds and this carries significant seo penalties. while redesigning our book page, a key consideration was page-load performance because we knew this would increase our rank in search engine results and increase retention through the lending and registration funnels. finally, by betting on social features, like shareable profiles and public-by-default reading logs, the ability to import books from goodreads, and a twitter @borrowbot to help patrons discover which books are available to read and borrow on open library, we felt confident we could increase the number of patrons that may discover and adopt openlibrary.org. improving signup in , we coincidentally, hit a regression # to our account creation page which presented itself as a server error for patrons trying to register a new account when their username or email was already taken. because of this bug, our daily registered users dropped from ~ to ~ (- ). through this, we discovered that nearly / of patrons (i.e. a day) who attempted registration would hit some validation issue when creating their account (e.g. email or username invalid or taken, recaptcha broken). even after solving the # regression, we hypothesized that many of these patrons were hitting error-cases which refreshed the page and cleared their form inputs, causing patrons to bounce. an easy solution was adding real-time validation to ensure emails, usernames, passwords, and recaptcha are valid before submitting the form. in order to implement real time validation, we planned epic # which included two pieces:  	# – update backend api endpoints 	# – add real-time field validation for email, username, password to show errors before submission. while we do not have great analytics on how conversion increased, we do know from our support channels that these changes have anecdotally resulted in a significant decrease in support emails around patron signup. 	try it out 👉	https://openlibrary.org/account/create 	issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ book page redesign user interviews and surveys have taught us that most patrons who visit open library are trying to find a “book”. many patrons report that the terms work and edition may confuse their experience. this confusion is increased because a user can unpredictably be dropped into either a work page or an edition page which have different designs. our goal in redesigning the books page was to increase clarity of the experience and improve page loading times. to improve clarity and simplify the experience, we merged the work and edition pages to a single book page where patrons may find all the information about a work and learn about the availability of various editions without having to navigate multiple pages.   when redesigning the book page, we made the following changes: 	editions table. we made the editions table front-and-center to enable readers to quickly switch between the different editions. we also feature editions by availability and language, and allow patrons to change how many results are shown at a time. we added a new search box to enable patrons to find relevant editions without reloading.  	navigation tabs. we have bucketed the work’s information into an “overview” tab and the current edition’s information in the “this edition” tab. the tab bar always sticks to the top of the page for easy access to different sections of the page. 	expandable descriptions. in previous designs, long text descriptions made it difficult to see all important book information at a glance. there are now “read more” links to expand and collapse long descriptions. 	clearer buttons. all the favorite actions of readers such as borrowing, searching inside, adding books to one’s reading log, and book star ratings have been grouped together and moved right below the book cover. it’s hopefully more clear now that the “want to read” 	load times. we know page speed is a priority for readers. the new books page should be significantly faster (lazy loading of related works carousel). considerations. we tried to change as little as possible and were careful not to remove existing functionality: 	urls: developers and partners will be happy to hear that /works and /books urls and apis will continue to work as expected without change. both the work and edition pages will simply appear to use the same consistent design. 	lists: while admittedly slightly less convenient, you can still add works to lists by clicking the “use this work” checkbox as shown below. by default, lists will use editions. i had always worked in small teams with not a lot of stakeholders and no clash of ideas. the books page redesign was one in which the issue was open for years and it was being stalled due to clash of interests in how we should display our pages. completing this issue was a major milestone in my gsoc program where i learned to cooperate and compromise on some aspects of our design so that all stakeholders were happy. the feedback we received from our patrons was that ~ % patrons found the new books page a step forward, ~ % did not have any preference and ~ % found the change a step backward. therefore we think our hypothesis was correct and this feature would improve user experience and reduce user confusion. read more about the book page redesign: https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /re-thinking-open-librarys-book-pages/ 	try it out 👉	https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w/the_da_vinci_code 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ additional book page improvements after completing the book page redesign, we made two major improvements to help our librarian community and to improve performance and load times: a better book /edit experience and lazy loading of expensive book page components (e.g. related works carousels). book page editor. we redesigned the books page editor to enable our librarians edit book metadata with ease.  lazy loading of related carousels. to improve the page loading time we firstly created a list of components and their timings and noticed that the related works and author works took the most time to load thereby slowing down the page for up to %. therefore our hypothesis was to lazy load related works carousel which would then enable our newly designed books pages to load faster. the impact of this change was that now pages load up to % faster: 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ shareable profiles & public reading logs  we noticed that very few patrons share their reading logs or even know they can be shared. however, we know patrons on goodreads share their reading logs frequently. and also, lists on open library are shared all the time. why is this? in , when open library announced the new reading log feature, it was set to be private by default. we expected many patrons would change their reading logs to be public, but because it wasn’t public by default and difficult to discover, patrons didn’t know the feature existed and had no reason to make it public. in the spirit of being an open platform, we wanted patrons to have the opportunity to make their reading logs public to patrons with similar interests. as a result, we decided to make reading logs public by default for new accounts created after - , with the option for any patron to set their reading logs to private. even after making this change, we noticed patrons trying to share their generic /account/books page, however this page always reflects the content of the currently logged in user. by always redirecting /account/books to the publicly shareable /people/username url, we are able to move in a direction which enables patrons to freely share their reading logs and paves the way for other features like “following”, which we’re interested in exploring next year. enabling these change required: 	modifying the user registration page (front-end) + https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/blob/master/openlibrary/plugins/upstream/account.py#l (back-end) to support enabling this setting from the account creation form. 	for enabling redirects – adding a redirect from /account/books page to /people/username and dealing with conditions for public/private reading log. this change simplified how users share their reading log and profile pages publicly paving a path for more social additions to open library.   	try it out 👉 	https://openlibrary.org/people/tab /books/want-to-read, https://openlibrary.org/people/tab 	issues:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull requests:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ imports & exports goodreads provides a way to download/export a list of books from one’s bookshelves. this feature would allow a user to take an exported dump of their reading log from goodreads and then add each of these books to their open library account. the goodreads import feature from https://openlibrary.org/account/import the export options enables patrons to download a list of open library book identifiers from their reading log.  the download export option from https://openlibrary.org/account/import a picture of a csv file crated by the exporter 	try it out 👉 	https://openlibrary.org/account/import 	issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	pull request: 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/ 	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/pull/   twitter bot our objective for this task was how do we reach more patrons/readers and help them discover more books on openlibrary.org? according to the hashtag analytics audit done on tweetbinder.com on hashtags #books #amazon using the free version the analytics show that in a day period the number of original tweets(excluding retweets) was approx. with a number impact of m. therefore this is a great opportunity for making our bookshelves discoverable. whenever a user tweets out a book with the amazon link/ an isbn, the twitter @borrowbot would retweet the book with the link from open library if it is available. the book will be tweeted only once. 	try it out 👉 	tweet @borrowbot isbn/ amazon link  	related issue:	https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/ 	code:	https://github.com/tabshaikh/openlibrary-bots/tree/twitter-bot impact 	in no small part because of the bets we made, our international alexa rank improved by % from # , to # , . 	our book page load times improved on average by ~ %. 	 out of of our patrons approved of our book page redesign, with % celebrating it as game changer. 	more than , books have already been imported through the goodreads import tool 	support team reports significant decrease in account creation support emails what i learned i always looked for ways to improve my work and have always loved constructive feedback from my mentor mek who helped me learn how to estimate time for tasks, effectively identify stakeholders and include them in the process (reaching consensus on decisions was a lot harder than i anticipated), and how to communicate problems and achievements in a way which everyone may understand. also, writing takes a long time and it’s easy to want to code until the deadline. as our founder brewster kahle says, “work backwards from the blog post”.  i also had the privilege of applying what i’ve learned to be a mentor for both sachin naik (# # ) and fatima (# ) within our community and helping them submit some of their first pull requests for 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supported. please upgrade to a supported browser.dismiss file edit view tools help accessibility debug see new changes image .jpeg - google drive sign in marcedit . update status – terry's worklog 	skip to content 	 			home 	about me 	marcedit homepage 	github page 	privacy policy 	 	 		 			 				 									terry's worklog 							 				 					 						 						 						 					 				 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					marcedit . update status 					by reeset / on november , / in uncategorized 				 			 		 		 	 	 		 			 				 	i’m planning to start making testing versions of the new marcedit instance available around the first of the year broadly, to a handful of testers in mid-dec.  the translation from .net . . to .net was more significant than i would have thought – and includes a number of swapped default values – so hunting down behavior changes.  currently, the follow updates have been completed. 	framework used: .net . 	rda helper: $e process modified. added criteria to $e generation. previously, if a $e is already present, an new $e wasn’t added. now, if a $e or $ is present, a $e won’t be generated. 	rda helper: changes related to rda updates 	added new elements to the new window programs for pinning 	xml editor: delete block element added 	xml editor: xquery processing option 	if a set of records include bibliographic and authority records, the rda helper will skip the authority records 	updated installation wizard (allows migration of .x and .x content into the tool) 	updating oclc integration to use new metadata api search 	delimited text translator — added ability to use custom mnemonic replacements 	delimited text translator — no longer a stand alone program 	app part of main marcedit app 	command line options folded into marcedit app 	[in process] linked data rules file version 	enhancements to the rules file schema 	-tr 	 				 	 		post navigation 		changes to system.diagnostics.process in .net core 	 				 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address 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                                                                                                                          image options image options   replace image       accessibility               vtditc annual report - .png - google drive sign in ouni sign up ouni sign up sign up to get access to the discord server, which will have links to the sessions and allow for questions-and-answers afterward. * required name you want to go by: * your answer email address you want to sign up with: * your answer submit never submit passwords through google forms. this form was created inside of sheldon-hess. report abuse  forms     vtditc vol _ black communities & the police.png - google drive sign in ditc_beatbattle.png - google drive sign in hip hop @ vt opening flyer.jpg - google drive sign in max planck vlib news |   	 		 						max planck vlib news 			 			 				search 			 			 				primary menu 				skip to content 					home 	about 	contact 	disclaimer 	privacy policy 			 		 		 			 				 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 			 		 	 	 	 		 		 	 	 				 			sfx link resolver 		 			mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm 		 			 . november eia		 	 		 		the database of the mpg/sfx server will undergo scheduled maintenance. the downtime will start at pm. services are expected to be back after minutes. we apologize for any inconvenience. 	 	 	outage 	 	 				 			resources, sfx link resolver 		 			how to get elsevier articles after december , 		 			 . december inga		 	 		 		the max planck digital library has been mandated to discontinue their elsevier subscription when the current agreement expires on december , . read more about the background in the full press release. nevertheless, most journal articles published until that date will remain available, due to the rights stipulated in the mpg contracts to date. to fulfill the content needs of max planck researchers when elsevier shuts off access to recent content at the beginning of january, the max planck libraries and mpdl have coordinated the setup of a common document order service. this will be integrated into the mpg/sfx interface and can be addressed as follows: step : search in sciencedirect, start in any other database or enter the article details into the mpg/sfx citation linker. step : click the mpg/sfx button. note: in sciencedirect, it appears in the “get access” section at the top of those article pages for which the full text is no longer available: step : check the options in the service menu presented to you, e.g. free available full text versions (if available). step : to order the article via your local library or the mpdl, select the corresponding link, e.g. "request document via your local library". please note that the wording might differ slightly according to your location. step : add your personal details to the order form in the next screen and submit your document request. the team in your local library or at the mpdl will get back to you as soon as possible. please feel free to contact us if you face any problem or want to raise a question. update, . . : check out our new flyer "how to deal with no subscription deal" prepared in cooperation with max planck’s phdnet. 	 	 	elsevier document-delivery 	 	 				 			resources 		 			aleph multipool-recherche: parallele suche in mpg-bibliothekskatalogen 		 			 . november inga		 	 		 		update, . . : die multipool-suche gibt es jetzt auch als webinterface. der multipool-expertenmodus im aleph katalogisierungs-client dient der schnellen recherche in mehreren datenbanken gleichzeitig. dabei können die datenbanken entweder direkt auf dem aleph-server liegen oder als externe ressourcen über das z . -protokoll angebunden sein. zusätzlich zu den lokalen bibliotheken ist der mpi bibliothekskatalog im gbv auf dem aleph-sever bereits vorkonfiguriert. die multipool-funktion ist im aleph katalogisierungs-client im recherche-bereich zu finden ( . tab): unterhalb des bereichs zur auswahl der relevanten datenbanken kann man die suchanfrage eintragen. hinweise zur verwendeten kommandosprache finden sich in der aleph-hilfe. nach dem absenden der suchanfrage wird die ergebnisliste mit den datenbanken und der jeweiligen treffermenge im unteren rahmen angezeigt: zum Öffnen eines einzelnen sets genügt ein doppelklick: bei gemeinsamen katalogen – wie z.b. dem mpi bibliothekskatalog im gbv – findet sich der hinweis auf die bestandshaltende bibliothek in der datensatz-vollanzeige: zur einrichtung der multipool-suche müssen die vom lokalen aleph-client genutzten konfigurationsdateien (library.ini und searbase.dat) erweitert werden. bei bedarf stellen wir die von uns genutzten dateien gerne zur verfügung. weiterführende informationen finden sich auch im aleph wiki: 	download und installation des aleph clients 	einrichtung weiterer z . -zugänge 	 	 	aleph 	 	 				 			vlib portal 		 			goodbye vlib! shutdown after october , 		 			 . october inga		 	 		 		in the max planck virtual library (vlib) was launched, with the idea of making all information resources relevant for max planck users simultaneously searchable under a common user interface. since then, the vlib project partners from the max planck libraries, information retrieval services groups, the gwdg and the mpdl invested much time and effort to integrate various library catalogs, reference databases, full-text collections and other information resources into metalib, a federated search system developed by ex libris. with the rise of large search engines and discovery tools in recent years, usage slowly shifted away and the metasearch technology applied was no longer fulfilling user’s expection. therefore, the termination of most vlib services was announced two years ago and now we are approaching the final shutdown: the vlib portal will cease to operate after the th of october . as you know, there are many alternatives to the former vlib services: mpg.rena will remain available for browsing and discovering electronic resources available to max planck users. in addition, we’ll post some information on how to cross search max planck library catalogs soon. let us take the opportunity to send a big "thank you!" to all vlib users and collaborators within and outside the max planck society. it always was and will continue to be a pleasure to work with and for you. goodbye!… and please feel free to contact us in case of any further question. 	 	 	 	 	 				 			mpg.ebooks, sfx link resolver 		 			https only for mpg/sfx and mpg.ebooks 		 			 . november eia		 	 		 		as of next week, all http requests to the mpg/sfx link resolver will be redirected to a corresponding https request. the max planck society electronic book index is scheduled to be switched to https only access the week after, starting on november , . regular web browser use of the above services should not be affected. please thoroughly test any solutions that integrate these services via their web apis. please consider re-subscribing to mpg.ebooks rss feeds. 	 	 	ebookshttpsrss 	 	 				 			sfx link resolver 		 			https enabled for mpg/sfx 		 			 . june inga		 	 		 		the mpg/sfx link resolver is now alternatively accessible via the https protocol. the secure base url of the productive mpg/sfx instance is: https://sfx.mpg.de/sfx_local. https support enables secure third-party sites to load or to embed content from mpg/sfx without causing mixed content errors. please feel free to update your applications or your links to the mpg/sfx server. 	 	 	https 	 	 				 			resources 		 			citation trails in primo central index (pci) 		 			 . june inga		 	 		 		 the may release brought an interesting functionality to the primo central index (pci): the new "citation trail" capability enables pci users to discover relevant materials by providing cited and citing publications for selected article records. at this time the only data source for the citation trail feature is crossref, thus the number of citing articles will be below the "cited by" counts in other sources like scopus and web of science. further information: 	short video demonstrating the citation trail feature (by ex libris). 	detailed feature description (by ex libris) 	 	 	pciprimo-central-indexscopusweb-of-science 	 	 				 			sfx link resolver 		 			mpg/sfx server maintenance, wednesday april, - am 		 			 . april inga		 	 		 		the mpg/sfx server updates to a new database (mariadb) on wednesday morning. the downtime will begin at am and is scheduled to last until am. we apologize for any inconvenience. 	 	 	outage 	 	 				 			resources 		 			proquest illustrata databases discontinued 		 			 . april inga		 	 		 		last year, the information provider proquest decided to discontinue its "illustrata technology" and "illustrata natural science" databases. unfortunately, this represents a preliminary end to proquest’s long-year investment into deep indexing content. in a corresponding support article proquest states that there "[…] will be no loss of full text and full text + graphics images because of the removal of deep indexed content". in addition, they announce to "[…] develop an even better way for researchers to discover images, figures, tables, and other relevant visual materials related to their research tasks". the mpg.rena records for proquest illustrata: technology and proquest illustrata: natural science have been marked as "terminating" and will be deactivated soon. 	 	 	proquest 	 	 				 			mpg.rena 		 			mpg.rena via https only 		 			 . march eia		 	 		 		the mpg resource navigator mpg.rena is now accessible via https only. if in doubt, please double-check any routines and applications loading or embedding content via mpg.rena apis. please note that you may need to re-subscribe to resource feeds, or update urls of rss widgets in your content management system, etc. we apologize for any inconvenience. 	 	 	https 		 		posts navigation 		 			 … next →		 	 			 		 	 	 	in short 			in this blog you'll find updates on information resources, vendor platform and access systems provided by the max planck digital library. use mpg.rena to search and browse through the journal collections, ebook collections and databases available to mpg researchers. 		 new resources in mpg.rena 	book sales catalogues online (brill) . november 	african american newspapers, series (newsbank) . september 	african american newspapers, series (newsbank) . september 	foreign office files for south east asia, - . september 	first world war . september mpdl news 		  	 	 		 		news categories 				coins ( ) 	exlibris ( ) 	localization ( ) 	materials ( ) 	mpg.ebooks ( ) 	mpg.rena ( ) 	question and answer ( ) 	resources ( ) 	sfx link resolver ( ) 	tools ( ) 	vlib portal ( ) 			related blogs 			fhi library mpis stuttgart library pubman blog 			 	 		 		 			 			 								proudly powered by wordpress 			 		 	 	 november online unconference of niche interests - google docs javascript isn't enabled in your browser, so this file can't be opened. enable and reload. some word features can't be displayed in google docs and will be dropped if you make changes view details november online unconference of niche interests        share sign in the version of the browser you are using is no longer supported. please upgrade to a supported browser.dismiss file edit view tools help accessibility debug see new changes mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm | max planck vlib news 	 		 						max planck vlib news 			 			 				search 			 			 				primary menu 				skip to content 					home 	about 	contact 	disclaimer 	privacy policy 			 		 		 			 				 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 			 		 	 	 	 		 			 	 	 				 			sfx link resolver 		 			mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm 		 			 . november eia		 	 		 		the database of the mpg/sfx server will undergo scheduled maintenance. the downtime will start at pm. services are expected to be back after minutes. we apologize for any inconvenience. 	 	 	outage 		 		post navigation 		 			previous posthow to get elsevier articles after december , 			 		 				 	 	in short 			in this blog you'll find updates on information resources, vendor platform and access systems provided by the max planck digital library. use mpg.rena to search and browse through the journal collections, ebook collections and databases available to mpg researchers. 		 new resources in mpg.rena 	book sales catalogues online (brill) . november 	african american newspapers, series (newsbank) . september 	african american newspapers, series (newsbank) . september 	foreign office files for south east asia, - . september 	first world war . september mpdl news 		  	 	 		 		news categories 				coins ( ) 	exlibris ( ) 	localization ( ) 	materials ( ) 	mpg.ebooks ( ) 	mpg.rena ( ) 	question and answer ( ) 	resources ( ) 	sfx link resolver ( ) 	tools ( ) 	vlib portal ( ) 			related blogs 			fhi library mpis stuttgart library pubman blog 			 	 		 		 			 			 								proudly powered by wordpress 			 		 	 	 none -can we digitize this _ dlf _ slides.pptx - google drive sign in ditc_promo-poster_event- _final- x .jpg - google drive sign in ditc event poster.jpg - google drive sign in untitled_artwork.png - google drive sign in main page | controlled digital lending by libraries skip to main content controlled digital lending by libraries toggle navigation 	position statement 	statement 	signatories 	sign the statement 	download pdf 	white paper 	white paper 	download pdf 	faq 	further reading 	news main page controlled digital lending (cdl) is an emerging method that allows libraries to loan print books to digital patrons in a “lend like print” fashion. through cdl, libraries use technical controls to ensure a consistent “owned-to-loaned” ratio, meaning the library circulates the exact number of copies of a specific title it owns, regardless of format, putting controls in place to prevent users from redistributing or copying the digitized version. when cdl is appropriately tailored to reflect print book market conditions and controls are properly implemented, cdl may be permissible under existing copyright law. cdl is not intended to act as a substitute for existing electronic licensing services offered by publishers. indeed, one significant advantage of cdl is addressing the “twentieth century problem” of older books still under copyright but unlikely ever to be offered digitally by commercial services. the resources on this site offer libraries an opportunity to: 	better understand the legal framework underpinning cdl, 	communicate their support for cdl, and 	build a community of expertise around the practice of cdl. creative commons attribution (cc-by) creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ . ditc_hh&mentalhealth.jpg - google drive sign in -dlf- -digital el diario-garciafernandez-eichmannkalwara.pptx - google drive sign in vtditc studiohours_summer .png - google drive sign in online unconference of niche interests -- presentation proposal online unconference of niche interests -- presentation proposal you can submit multiple proposals(!), but please fill out a separate instance of this form for each one. what email address can we use to contact you? your answer by what name do you want to be referred? your answer what is the title of this presentation? your answer give a short (one or two sentence) pitch for this proposal. your answer any notes for the organizers, anything to add? twitter handle, discord username, whatever? your answer submit never submit passwords through google forms. this form was created inside of sheldon-hess. report abuse  forms     none goodreads help loading ×sorry to interruptcss error refresh sign in to github · github skip to content github no longer supports this web browser. learn more about the browsers we support. sign in to github {{ message }} username or email address password forgot password? new to github? create an account. 	terms 	privacy 	security 	contact github you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to intonational phrasing in language production and comprehension (watson, duane g. (duane girard), -; ) read it object scrambling in chinese soh, hooi ling, - ( ) 	 advisor: noam chomsky 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it phonological phrases--their relation to syntax, focus, and prominance truckenbrodt, hubert ( ) 	 advisor: noam chomsky 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it a critical study of imperatives leszek, andrea suzanne ( ) 	 advisor: sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it a formal study of syllable, tone, stress and domain in chinese languages duanmu, san ( ) 	 advisor: morris halle 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it the nature of the working memory system underlying language processing and its relationship to the long-term memory system fedorenko, evelina georgievna ( ) 	 advisor: nancy kanwisher 	 department of brain and cognitive sciences read it word boundary detection using landmarks : a survey of consonants chi, xuemin, - ( ) 	 advisor: kenneth noble stevens 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it an expectation model of referring expressions kræmer, joh ( ) 	 advisor: edward gibson 	 department of brain and cognitive sciences read it biased learning of phonological alternations do, young ah ( ) 	 advisor: adam albright 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it stress and vowel harmony in telugu kolachina, sudheer ( ) 	 advisor: edward flemming 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it a theory of consonant cluster perception and vowel epenthesis yun, suyeo ( ) 	 advisors: donca steriade; edward flemming 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. github - internetarchive/openlibrary: one webpage for every book ever published! skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} internetarchive / openlibrary 	 sponsor sponsor internetarchive/openlibrary 	 watch 	 star . k 	 fork one webpage for every book ever published! openlibrary.org agpl- . license . k stars forks star watch 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 wiki 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 wiki 	 security 	 insights dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master branches tags go to file code clone https github cli use git or checkout with svn using the web url. work fast with our official cli. learn more. 	 open with github desktop 	 download zip launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching xcode if nothing happens, download xcode and try again. go back launching visual studio if nothing happens, download the github extension for visual studio and try again. go back latest commit cdrini merge pull request # from nk / /fix/remove-duplicate-del… … a cd dec , merge pull request # from nk / /fix/remove-duplicate-del… …ete-button remove the duplicate delete button on edit authors page a cd git stats 	 , commits files permalink failed to load latest commit information. type name latest commit message commit time .github merge pull request # from internetarchive/github-action-lint_pyth… dec , .vscode [ /feature/remote-debugging] allow for remote debugging apr , conf merge pull request # from jamesachamp/review-resolution/crowd-sou… dec , docker pip install booklending_utils on prod/staging dec , openlibrary merge pull request # from nk / /fix/remove-duplicate-del… dec , scripts add sha to make-integration-branch dec , static merge pull request # from yashs /color dec , tests removed unused python standard library imports (# ) oct , vendor remove flot . . nov , .babelrc fix eslint errors + babel errors sep , .browserslistrc time for webpack (# ) mar , .dockerignore add newline at end of file jan , .eslintignore remove openbook static folder oct , .eslintrc.json disable vue/no-mutating-props rule dec , .gitattributes add .gitattributes & normalize line endings apr , .gitignore [solr-builder] move files around + more cython mar , .gitmodules remove acs submodule aug , .pre-commit-config.yaml make home service not depend on db oct , .python-version enable docker to us python . . , . . , and . . oct , .stylelintignore linting should apply to subfolders as well sep , .stylelintrc.json add linting rule for consistent double quotes and fix the offenders mar , .svgo.yml add `svg-min` npm command oct , code_of_conduct.md create code_of_conduct.md dec , contributing.md fixed some typos in contributing.md (# ) nov , license include text version of the license oct , makefile ignore node_modules when testing python nov , readme.md fixing video link oct , bundlesize.config.json increase maximum bundle size for graphs nov , config make the support structure a little more robust jun , docker-compose.infogami-local.yml pin docker-compose version to . for secrets nov , docker-compose.override.yml use same nginx conf for infobase as prod nov , docker-compose.production.yml pip install booklending_utils on prod/staging dec , docker-compose.staging.yml pip install booklending_utils on prod/staging dec , docker-compose.yml use same nginx conf for infobase as prod nov , infogami reorganized the repo to move all python code into openlibrary module. jul , package-lock.json bump ini from . . to . . dec , package.json merge pull request # from internetarchive/dependabot/npm_and_yarn… dec , requirements.txt move flup to requirements_common.txt nov , requirements_common.txt merge pull request # from internetarchive/security-update-to-lxml… dec , requirements_test.txt requirements_test.txt: upgrade to pytest . . dec , setup.py [solr-builder] fix linting errors mar , vue.config.js prevent lint running as part of vue build sep , webpack.config.js don't inline vue into each component oct , view code readme.md open library open library is an open, editable library catalog, building towards a web page for every book ever published. are you looking to get started? this is the guide you are looking for. you may wish to learn more about google summer of code (gsoc)? or hacktoberfest. table of contents 	overview 	installation 	code organization 	architecture 	the frontend 	the backend 	the service architecture 	developer's guide 	running tests 	contributing 	public apis 	faqs overview open library is an effort started in to create "one web page for every book ever published". it provides access to many public domain and out-of-print books, which can be read online. here's a quick public tour of open library to get your familiar with the service and its offerings ( min) 	learn more about the open library project 	the vision (dream) of openlibrary 	visit the blog installation the development environment can be set up using the docker instructions. you can also watch the video tutorial for a more detailed explanation. our docker environment is in active development. want to contribute? here's our top-level docker todo-list and a list of open docker issues. developer's guide for instructions on administrating your open library instance, refer the developer's quickstart guide. you can also find more information regarding developer documentation for open library in the open library wiki code organization 	openlibrary/core - core openlibrary functionality, imported and used by www 	openlibrary/plugins - other models, controllers, and view helpers 	openlibrary/views - views for rendering web pages 	openlibrary/templates - all the templates used in the website 	openlibrary/macros - macros are like templates, but can be called from wikitext architecture the backend openlibrary is developed on top of the infogami wiki system, which is itself built on top of the web.py python web framework and the infobase database framework. 	overview of backend web technologies once you've read the overview of openlibrary backend technologies, it's highly encouraged you read the developer primer which explains how to use infogami (and its database, infobase) 	infogami developer tutorial if you want to dive into the source code for infogami, see the infogami repo. running tests open library tests can be run using pytest. kindly look up on our testing document for more details run tests while the docker container is running cd docker/ docker-compose exec web make test integration tests integration tests use the splinter webdriver with google chrome. for instructions on installation requirements and running integration tests, see integration tests readme license all source code published here is available under the terms of the gnu affero general public license, version . about one webpage for every book ever published! openlibrary.org topics internet-archive open-source books library-catalogue hacktoberfest resources readme license agpl- . license releases deploy- - - latest dec , + releases sponsor this project 	 https://archive.org/donate contributors 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 + contributors languages 	 python . % 	 html . % 	 javascript . % 	 less . % 	 mirc script . % 	 vue . % 	 other . % 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences meta interchange – libraries, computing, metadata, and more 	skip to content 	 	 		 			 			 									meta interchange 										libraries, computing, metadata, and more 							 			 				 	 		search for 		 	 	submit 			 		 		 			 		 					 				 					primary menu 				 					about 	comment policy 	privacy policy 	 	 		search for 		 	 	submit 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 	 		 			trading for images 		 		 			posted: february 		 		 			categories: libraries, patron privacy					 		 					 	 	 		 let’s search a koha catalog for something that isn’t at all controversial: what you search for in a library catalog ought to be only between you and the library — and that, only briefly, as the library should quickly forget. of course, between “ought” and “is” lies the devil and his details. let’s poke around with chrome’s devtools: 	hit control-shift-i (on windows) 	switch to the network tab. 	hit control-r to reload the page and get a list of the http requests that the browser makes. we get something like this: there’s a lot to like here: every request was made using https rather than http, and almost all of the requests were made to the koha server. (if you can’t trust the library catalog, who can you trust? well… that doesn’t have an answer as clear as we would like, but i won’t tackle that question here.) however, the two cover images on the result’s page come from amazon: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/p/ . .tzzzzzzz.jpg https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/p/ . .tzzzzzzz.jpg what did i trade in exchange for those two cover images? let’s click on the request on and see: :authority: images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com :method: get :path: /images/p/ . .tzzzzzzz.jpg :scheme: https accept: image/webp,image/apng,image/,/*;q= . accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br accept-language: en-us,en;q= . cache-control: no-cache dnt: pragma: no-cache referer: https://catalog.libraryguardians.com/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=anarchist sec-fetch-dest: image sec-fetch-mode: no-cors sec-fetch-site: cross-site user-agent: mozilla/ . (windows nt . ; win ; x ) applewebkit/ . (khtml, like gecko) chrome/ . . . safari/ . here’s what was sent when i used firefox: host: images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com user-agent: mozilla/ . (windows nt . ; win ; x ; rv: . ) gecko/ firefox/ . accept: image/webp,/ accept-language: en-us,en;q= . accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br connection: keep-alive referer: https://catalog.libraryguardians.com/cgi-bin/koha/opac-search.pl?q=anarchist dnt: pragma: no-cache amazon also knows what my ip address is. with that, it doesn’t take much to figure out that i am in georgia and am clearly up to no good; after all, one look at the referer header tells all. let’s switch over to using google book’s cover images: https://books.google.com/books/content?id=phzfwaeacaaj&printsec=frontcover&img= &zoom= https://books.google.com/books/content?id=wdgrjqaacaaj&printsec=frontcover&img= &zoom= this time, the request headers are in chrome: :authority: books.google.com :method: get :path: /books/content?id=phzfwaeacaaj&printsec=frontcover&img= &zoom= :scheme: https accept: image/webp,image/apng,image/,/*;q= . accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br accept-language: en-us,en;q= . cache-control: no-cache dnt: pragma: no-cache referer: https://catalog.libraryguardians.com/ sec-fetch-dest: image sec-fetch-mode: no-cors sec-fetch-site: cross-site user-agent: mozilla/ . (windows nt . ; win ; x ) applewebkit/ . (khtml, like gecko) chrome/ . . . safari/ . x-client-data: cko yqeiilbjaqimtskbcmg yqeiqz kaqi qsobcmuuygeiz /kaqi smobcje ygei bxkaqinusobgkukygeyvrrkaq== and in firefox: host: books.google.com user-agent: mozilla/ . (windows nt . ; win ; x ; rv: . ) gecko/ firefox/ . accept: image/webp,/ accept-language: en-us,en;q= . accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br connection: keep-alive referer: https://catalog.libraryguardians.com/ dnt: pragma: no-cache cache-control: no-cache on the one hand… the referer now contains only the base url of the catalog. i believe this is due to a difference in how koha figures out the correct image url. when using amazon for cover images, the isbn of the title is normalized and used to construct a url for an <img> tag. koha doesn’t currently set a referrer-policy, so the default of no-referrer-when-downgrade is used and the full referrer is sent. google book’s cover image urls cannot be directly constructed like that, so a bit of javascript queries a web service and gets back the image urls, and for reasons that are unclear to me at the moment, doesn’t send the full url as the referrer. (cover images from openlibrary are fetched in a similar way, but full referer header is sent.) as a side note, the x-client-data header sent by chrome to books.google.com is… concerning. there are some relatively simple things that can be done to limit leaking the full referring url to the likes of google and amazon, including 	setting the referrer-policy header via web server configuration or meta tag to something like origin or origin-when-cross-origin. 	setting referrerpolicy for <script> and <img> tags involved in fetching book jackets. this would help, but only up to a point: fetching https://books.google.com/books/content?id=wdgrjqaacaaj&printsec=frontcover&img= &zoom= still tells google that a web browser at your ip address has done something to fetch the book jacket image for the anarchist cookbook. suspicious! what to do? ultimately, if we’re going to use free third-party services to provide cover images for library catalogs, our options to do so in a way that preserves patron privacy boil down to: 	only use sources that we trust to not broadcast or misuse the information that gets sent in the course of requesting the images. the open library might qualify, but ultimately isn’t beholden to any particular library that uses its data. 	proxy image requests through the library catalog server. evergreen does this in some cases, and it wouldn’t be much work to have koha do something similar. it should be noted that coce does not help in the case of koha, as all it does is proxy image urls, meaning that it’s still the user’s web browser fetching the actual images. 	figure out a way to obtain local copies of the cover images and serve them from the library’s web server. sometimes this is necessary anyway for libraries that collect stuff that wasn’t commercially sold in the past couple decades, but otherwise this is a lot of work. 	do nothing and figure that amazon and google aren’t trawling through their logs correlate cover image retrieval with the potential reading interests. i actually have a tiny bit of sympathy to that approach — it’s not beyond the realm of possibility that cover image access logs are simply getting ignored, unlike say, direct usage data from kindle or google books — but ostriches sticking their head in the sand are not known as a good model for due diligence. non-free book jacket and added content services are also an option, of course — and at least unlike google and amazon, it’s plausible that libraries could insist on contracts (with teeth) that forbid misuse of patron information. my thanks to callan bignoli for the tweet that inspired this ramble. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			entering 		 		 			posted: january 		 		 			categories: computing					 		 					 	 	 		 a very brief post to start the new year. i’m not inclined to make elaborate resolutions for the new year other than being very firm that i will stop writing “ ” in dates by the end of march… or maybe april. but seriously, i do want to write and engage more this year and more actively try new things. as i’m doing, right now, by trying wordpress’s new gutenberg editor. beyond that? we’ll see. a brief digression on gutenberg: i will bet a bag of coffee that the rollout of gutenberg will become a standard case study in software management course syllabi. it encapsulates so many points of conflict: open source governance and the role of commercial entities in open source communities; accessibility and the politics of serving (or not) all potential users; technical change management and the balance between backwards compatibility and keeping up to date with modern technology (or, more cynically, modern fashions in technology); and managing major changes to the conceptual model required to use a piece of software. (and an idea for a future post, either by me or anybody who wants to run with it: can the transition of wordpress’s editor from a document-based model to a block-based modal be usefully compared with the transition from aacr /isbd to rda/lrm/lod/etc.?) of course, the situation with gutenberg is evolving, so while initial analyses exist, obviously no definitive post mortems have been written. but before i let this digression run away from me… onwards to . may everybody reading this have a happy new year, or at least better one than . hecate sleeping behind me in my chair. her new year’s resolutions are pretty clear: play, sleep, and eat. also, torment her humans and her brother/uncle cats. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			data cleanup as a force for evil 		 		 			posted: october 		 		 			categories: libraries, politics					 		 					 	 	 		a quotidian concern of anybody responsible for a database is the messy data it contains. see a record about a pedro gonzález? bah, the assumption of latin- strikes again! better correct it to gonzález. looking at his record in the first place because you’re reading his obituary? oh dear, better mark him as deceased. , people living in the bungalow at main st.? let us now ponder the wisdom of the null and the foolishness of the dummy value. library name authority control could be viewed as a grand collaborative data cleanup project without having to squint too hard. what of the morality of data cleanup? let’s assume that the data should be gathered in the first place; then as patricia hayes noted back in , there is of course an ethical expectation that efforts such as medical research will be based on clean data: data that has been carefully collected under systematic supervision. let’s consider another context: whether to engage in batch authority cleanup of a library catalog. the decision of whether it is worth the cost, like most decisions on allocating resources, has an ethical dimension: does the improvement in the usefulness of the catalog outweigh the benefits of other potential uses of the money? sometimes yes, sometimes no, and the decision often depends on local factors, but generally there’s not much examination of the ethics of the data cleanup per se. after all, if you should have the database in the first place, it should be as accurate and precise as you can manage consistent with its raison d’être. now let’s consider a particular sort of database. one full of records about people. specifically, a voter registration database.  there are many like it; after all, at its heart it’s just a slightly overgrown list of names and addresses. an overgrown list of names of addresses around which much mischief has been done in the name of accuracy. this is on my mind because the state i live in, georgia, is conducting a gubernatorial election that just about doubles as a referendum on how to properly maintain a voter registration list. on the one hand, you have brian kemp, the current georgia secretary of state, whose portfolio includes the office that maintains the statewide voter database and oversees all elections. on other hand, stacey abrams, who among other things founded the new georgia project aimed at registering tens of thousands of new voters, albeit with mixed results. is it odd for somebody to oversee the department that would certify the winner of the governor’s race? the naacp and others think so, having filed a lawsuit to try to force kemp to step down as secretary of state. moreover, kemp has a history of efforts to “clean” the voter rolls; efforts that tend to depress votes by minorities—in a state that is becoming increasingly purple.  (and consider the county i live in, gwinnett county. it is the most demographically diverse county in the southeast… and happens to have the highest rate of rejection of absentee ballots so far this year.) most recently, the journalist greg palast published a database of voters purged from georgia’s list. this database contains , names removed from the rolls in … one tenth of the list! a heck of a data cleanup project, eh? every record removal that prevents a voter from casting their ballot on election day is an injustice. every one of the , voters whose registration is left pending due to the exact match law is suffering an injustice. hopefully they won’t be put off and will vote… if they can produce id… if the local registrar discretion leans towards expanding and not collapsing the franchise. dare i say it? data cleanup is not an inherently neutral endeavor. sure, much of the time data cleanup work is just improving the accuracy of a database—but not always. if you work with data about people, be wary. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			on being wrong, wrong, wrong 		 		 			posted: may 		 		 			categories: evergreen, libraries					 		 					 	 	 		yesterday i gave a lightning talk at the evergreen conference on being wrong. appropriately, i started out the talk on the wrong foot. i intended to give the talk today, but when i signed up for a slot, i failed to notice that the signup sheet i used was for yesterday. it was a good thing that i had decided to listen to the other lightning talks yesterday, as that way the facilitator was able to find me to tell me that i was up next. oops. when she did that, i initially asked to do it today as i had intended… but changed my mind and decided to charge ahead. lightning talks are all about serendipity, right? the talk went something like this: after mentioning my scheduling mix-up, i spoke about how i have been active in the evergreen project for almost nine years. i’ve worn a variety of project hats over that time, including those of developer, core committer, release manager, member of the evergreen oversight board, chair of the eob, and so forth. while i am of course proud of the contributions i’ve made, my history with the project also includes being wrong about many things and failing a lot. i’ve been wrong about coding issues. i’ve been responsible for regressions. i’ve had my share of brown-bag releases. i’ve misunderstood what library staff and patrons were trying to accomplish. i’ve made assumptions about the working conditions and circumstances of users that were very wrong indeed. some of my bug reports and test plans have not been particularly clear. why bring up my wrongness? prior to the talk, i had been part of a couple conversations about how some folks feel intimidated about writing bug reports or posting to the mailing lists for fear of being judged if their submission was not perfect. of course, i don’t want people to feel intimidated; the project needs bug reports and contributions from anybody who cares enough about the software to make the effort. by mentioning how i — as somebody who is unquestionably a senior contributor to the project — have been repeatedly wrong, i hoped to humanize people like me: we’re not perfect. perfection is not a requirement for gaining status in the community as a respected contributor — and that’s a good thing. i also wanted to give permission for folks to be wrong, in the hopes that doing so might help lower a barrier to participating. so much for the gist of the lightning talk. people in the audience seemed to enjoy it, and i got a couple nice comments about it, including somebody mentioning how they wished they had heard something like that as they were making their first contributions to the project. however, i would also like to expand a bit on a couple points. permission to be wrong is not something i can grant all by myself. while i can try to model good ways of providing feedback (and get better myself at it; i’ve certainly been wrong many a time about how to do so), it sometimes doesn’t take much for an interaction with a new contributor (or an experienced one!) to become unwelcoming to the point where we lose the contributor forever. this is not a theoretical concern; while i think we have gotten much better over the years, there were certainly times and circumstances where it was very rational to feel intimidated about participating in the project in certain ways for fear of getting dismissive feedback. giving ourselves permission to be wrong is a community responsibility; by doing so we can give ourselves permission to improve. however, this can’t be treated as a platitude: it takes effort and thoughtfulness both to ensure that the community is welcoming at all levels, and to ensure that permission to be wrong isn’t accorded only to people who look like me. one of the things that the conference keynote speaker crystal martin asked the community to consider was this: “lift as you climb.” i challenge senior contributors to the evergreen project — including myself — to take this to heart. i have benefited a lot by being able to be wrong; we should act to ensure that everybody else in the community can be allowed to be wrong as well. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			fostering a habit of nondisclosure 		 		 			posted: april 		 		 			categories: libraries, patron privacy					 		 					 	 	 		it almost doesn’t need to be said that old-fashioned library checkout cards were terrible for patron privacy. want to know who had checked out a book? just take the card out of its pocket and read. it’s also a trivial observation that there’s a mini-genre of news articles and social media posts telling the tales of prodigal books, returning to their library after years or decades away, usually having gathered nothing but dust. put these two together on a slow news day? without care, you can end up not protecting a library user’s right to privacy and confidentially with respect to resources borrowed, to borrow some words from the ala code of ethics. faced with this, one’s sense of proportion may ask, “so what?” the borrower of a book returned sixty years late is quite likely dead, and if alive, not likely to suffer any social opprobrium or even sixty years of accumulated overdue fines.  even if the book in question was a copy of the anarchist cookbook, due back on tuesday, may , the fbi no doubt has lost interest in the matter. of course, an immediate objection to that attitude is that personal harm to the patron remains possible, even if not probable. sometimes the borrower wants to keep a secret to the grave. they may simply not care to be the subject of a local news story. the potential for personal harm to the borrower is of course clearer if we consider more recent loans. it’s not the job of a librarian to out somebody who wishes to remain in the closet; it remains the case that somebody who does not care to have another snoop on their reading should be entitled to read, and think, in peace. at this point, the sense of proportion that has somehow embodied itself in this post may rejoin, “you’re catastrophizing here, charlton,” and not be entirely wrong. inadvertent disclosure of patron information at the “retail” level does risk causing harm, but is not guaranteed to. after all, lots of people have no problem sharing (some) of their reading history. otherwise, librarything and goodreads would just sit there gathering tumbleweeds. i’d still bid that sense of proportion to shuffle off with this: it’s mostly not the librarians bearing the risk of harm. however, there’s a larger point: libraries nowadays run much higher risks of violating patron privacy at the “wholesale” level than they used to. remember those old checkout cards? back in the day, an outsider trying to get a borrower’s complete reading history might have to turn out every book in the library to do so. today, it can be much easier: find a way in, and you can have everything (including driver’s license numbers, addressees, and, if the patrons are really ill-served by their library, ssns). that brings me to my point: we should care about nondisclosure (and better yet, non-collection of data we don’t need) at the retail level to help bolster a habit of caring about it at the wholesale level. imagine a library where people at every level can feel free to point out and correct patron privacy violations — and know that they should. where the social media manager — whose degree may not be an mls — redacts patron names and/or asks for permission every time.  where, and more to my point, the director and the head of it make technology choices that protect patron privacy — because they are in the habit of thinking about patron privacy in the first place. this is why it’s worth it to sweat the small disclosures, to be better prepared against large ones. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			scaling the annual code lib conference 		 		 			posted: october 		 		 			categories: code lib					 		 					 	 	 		one of the beautiful things about code lib qua banner is that it can be easily taken up by anyway without asking permission. if i wanted to, i could have lunch with a colleague, talk about evergreen, and call it a code lib meetup, and nobody could gainsay me — particularly if i wrote up a summary of what we talked about. three folks in a coffeehouse spending an afternoon hacking together a connection between digital repository foo and automatic image metadata extractor bar, then tossing something up on the code lib wiki? easy-peasy. ten people for dinner and plotting to take over the world replace marc once and for all? probably should make a reservation at the restaurant. afternoon workshop for in your metro area? well, most libraries have meeting rooms, integral classrooms, or computer labs— and directors willing to let them be used for the occasional professional development activity. day and a half conference for from your state, province, or region? that’s probably a bit more than you can pull off single-handedly, and you may well simply not have the space for it if you work for a small public library. you at least need to think about how folks will get meals and find overnight accommodations. the big one? the one that nowadays attracts over four hundred people from across the u.s. and canada, with a good sprinkling of folks from outside north america — and expects that for a good chunk of the time, they’ll all be sitting in the same room? and that also expects that at least half of them will spend a day scattered across ten or twenty rooms for pre-conference workshops? that folks unable to be there in person expect to live-stream? that tries in more and more ways tries to lower barriers to attending it? different kettle of fish entirely. the conference incurred a tick under $ , in expenses. the conference: a bit over $ , . this year? at the moment, projected expenses are in the neighborhood of $ , . what is this going towards? convention center or hotel conference space rental and catering (which typically need to be negotiated together, as guaranteeing enough catering revenue and/or hotel nights often translates into “free” room rental). a/v services, including projectors, sound systems, and microphones. catering and space rental for the reception. for the past few years, the services of a professional event management firm — even with + people volunteering for code lib conference committees, we need the professionals as well. diversity scholarships, including travel expenses, forgone registration fees, and hotel nights. t-shirts. gratuities. live transcription services. how is this all getting paid for? last year, % of the income came from conference and pre-conference registrations, % from sponsorships and exhibitor tables, % from donations and sponsorships for scholarships, and % from hotel rebates and room credits. the other %? that came from the organizers of the conference in philadelphia, who passed along a bit under $ , to the lpc. the conference in turn was able to pass along a bit over $ , to the organizers of the forthcoming conference. in other words, the conference effectively operated at a loss of a bit under $ , , although fortunately there was enough of a cushion that from ucla’s perspective, the whole thing was a wash — if you ignore some things. things like the time that ucla staff who were members of the local planning committee spent on the whole effort — and time spent by administrative staff in ucla’s business office. what are their names? i have no clue. but something i can say much more confidently: every member of the lpc and budget committees lost sleep pondering what might happen if things went wrong. if we didn’t get enough sponsorships. if members of the community would balk at the registration fee — or simply be unable to afford it — and we couldn’t meet our hotel room night commitments. i can also say, without direct knowledge this time, but equally confidently, that members of the organizers lost sleep. and . and so on down the line. while to my knowledge no code lib member has ever been personally liable for the hotel contracts, i leave it to folks to consider the reputational consequence of telling their employer, were a conference to fail, that that institution is on the hook for potentially tens of thousands of dollars. of course, somebody could justly respond by citing an ancient joke. you know, the one that begins like this: “doctor, it hurts when i do this!”. and that’s a fair point. it is both a strength and weakness of code lib that it imposes no requirement that anybody do anything in particular. we don’t have to have a big annual conference; a lot of good can be done under the code lib banner via electronic communications and in-person meetups small enough that it’s of little consequence if nobody happens to show up. but i also remember the days when the code lib conference would open registration, then close it a couple hours later because capacity has been reached. based on the attendance trends, we know that we can reasonably count on at least people being willing to travel to attend the annual conference.  if a future lpc manages to make the cost of attending the conference signficantly lower, i could easily see or people showing up (although i would then wonder if we might hit some limits on how large a single-track conference can be and still remain relevant for all of the attendees), i think there is value in trying to put on a conference that brings in as many practitioners (and yes, managers) in the glam technology space together in person as can come while also supporting online participation — but puts control of the program in the hands of the attendees via a process that both honors democracy and invites diversity of background and viewpoint. maybe you agree with that—and maybe you don’t. but even if you don’t agree, please do acknowledge the astonishing generosity of the people and institutions that have put their money and reputation on the line to host the annual conference over the years. regardless, if code lib is to continue to hold a large annual conference while not being completely dependent on the good graces of a  small set of libraries that are in a position to assume $ , + liabilities, the status quo is not sustainable. that brings me to the fiscal continuity interest group, which i have helped lead. if you care about the big annual conference, please read the report (and if you’re pressed for time, start with the summary of options), then vote. you have until : et on friday, november to respond to the survey. the survey offers the following options: 	maintain the status quo, meaning that each potential conference host is ultimately responsible for deciding how the liability of holding the conference should be managed 	set up a non-profit organization 	pick among four institutions that have generously offered to consider acting as ongoing fiscal sponsors for the annual conference i believe that moving away from the status quo will help ensure that the big annual code lib conference can keep happening while broadening the number of institutions that would be able to physically host it. setting up some kind of ongoing fiscal existence for code lib may also solve some problems for the folks who have been running the code lib journal. i also believe that continuing with the status quo necessarily means that the code lib community must rethink the annual conference: whether to keep having it at all; to accept the fact that only a few institutions are nowadays capable of hosting it at the scale we’re accustomed to; and to accept that if an institution is nonetheless willing to host it, that we should scale back expectations that the community is entitled to direct the shape of the conference once a host has been selected. in other words, it boils down to deciding how we wish to govern ourselves. this doesn’t mean that code lib needs to embrace bureaucracy… but we must either accept some ongoing structure or scale back. choose wisely. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 			 comments on scaling the annual code lib conference					 	 	 		 			amelia, - 		 		 			posted: october 		 		 			categories: cats, personal					 		 					 	 	 		mellie on a blue blanket last year, i wrote about the blossoming of the mellie-cat, and closed with this line: “sixteen years is not long enough to get to know a cat.” it turns out that neither is seventeen and a half years. mellie passed away today after a brief illness. she is the last of my first set of cats, daughter of erasmus and lazorra, sister of sophia. in the last year of her life, she trained freddie how to cat; while she perhaps did not have the most apt of pupils, i know that he will miss her too. she was the bravest cat i have ever known. she was not inclined to pounce on the world and take it in full; she was reserved and cautious… and yet she always showed up to observe, no matter how unfamiliar the strangers or unusual the circumstances. amelia is a grand name for a cat, but perhaps too grand for daily use. she was mellie most days, but like many cats had accumulated a number of names and sobriquets throughout her life. the clown princess. senior member of the treat committee. inspector of the feets. her mother’s special daughter. the softest and fluffiest. and so another cat joins the realm of story. it never gets any easier to mark that transition. 			 				 			 				 				mellie and lazorra 				 			 				 			 				 				the meeting of the treat committee 				 		 share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			mashcat at ala annual + shared notes 		 		 			posted: june 		 		 			categories: libraries, mashcat					 		 					 	 	 		i’m leaving for chicago tomorrow to attend ala annual (and to eat some real pizza), and while going over the schedule i found some programs that may be of interest to mashcat folk: 	cataloging and metadata for the web: meeting the user where they are (friday, june : ; am – : pm; mccormick place, w a; ticketed pre-conference) 	competencies and education for a career in cataloging (alcts camms) (friday, june ; : pm – : pm; mccormick place, w d) 	linked library data interest group (alcts lita): applicability and practicality of bibframe (saturday, june ; : am – : am; mccormick place, s ) 	cataloging norms interest group (alcts camms): the changing metadata arena and its practitioners (saturday, june ; : am – : am; mccormick place, s ) 	marc format transition interest group (alcts lita): what happens to the library catalog in the age of linked data?: discussion & reaction panel (saturday, june ; : pm – : pm; mccormick place, w a) 	cleaning up the mess: modernizing your dev team’s outdated workflow (sunday, june ; : am – : am; mccormick place, w a) 	metadata migration: managing methods and mayhem (sunday, june ; : pm – : pm; mccormick place, w bc) 	new sources of metadata : a path for opening up public records for all (monday, june ; : am – : am; mccormick place, w a) 	heads of cataloging departments interest group (alcts camms): applying agile practices to metadata workflows (monday, june ; : am – : am; mccormick place, w a) as a little experiment, i’ve started a google doc for shared notes about events and other goings-on at the conference. there will of course be a lot of coverage on social media about the conference, but the shared notes doc might be a way for mashcatters to identify common themes. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 	 		 			what makes an anti-librarian? 		 		 			posted: june 		 		 			categories: libraries, politics					 		 					 	 	 		assuming the order gets made and shipped in time (update - - : it did), i’ll be arriving in chicago for ala annual carrying a few tens of badge ribbons like this one: am i hoping that the librarians made of anti-matter will wear these ribbons to identify themselves, thereby avoiding unpleasant explosions and gamma ray bursts? not really. besides, there’s an obvious problem with this strategy, were anti-matter librarians a real constituency at conferences. no, in a roundabout way, i’m mocking this behavior by jeffrey beall: seriously, dude? i suggest reading rachel walden’s tweets for more background, but suffice it to say that even if you were to discount walden’s experience as a medical library director (which i do not), beall’s response to her is extreme. (and for even more background, john dupuis has an excellent compilation of links on recent discussions about open access and “predatory” journals.) but i’d like to unpack beall’s choice of the expression “anti-librarian”? what exactly makes for an anti-librarian? we already have plenty of names for folks who oppose libraries and librarians. book-burners. censors. austeritarians. the closed-minded. the tax-cutters-above-all-else. the drowners of governments in bathtubs. the fearful. we could have a whole taxonomy, in fact, were the catalogers to find a few spare moments. “anti-librarian” as an epithet doesn’t fit most of these folks. instead, as applied to a librarian, it has some nasty connotations: a traitor. somebody who wears the mantle of the profession but opposes its very existence. alternatively: a faker. a purveyor of fake news. one who is unfit to participate in the professional discourse. there may be some librarians who deserve to have that title — but it would take a lot more than being mistaken, or even woefully misguided to earn that. so let me also protest beall’s response to walden explicitly: it is not ok. it is not cool. it is not acceptable. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 			 comments on what makes an anti-librarian?					 	 	 		 			imls support for free and open source software 		 		 			posted: march 		 		 			categories: uncategorized					 		 					 	 	 		the institute of museum and library services is the u.s. government’s primary vehicle for direct federal support of libraries, museums, and archives across the entire country. it should come as no surprise that the trump administration’s “budget blueprint” proposes to wipe it out, along with the nea, neh, meals on wheels, and dozens of other programs. while there is reason for hope that congress will ignore at least some of the cuts that trump proposes, the imls in particular has been in the sights of house speaker paul ryan before. we cannot afford to be complacent. loss of the imls and the funding it delivers would be a disaster for many reasons, but i’ll focus on just one: the imls has paid a significant role in funding in the creation and use of free and open source software for libraries, museums, and archives. besides the direct benefit to the institutions who were awarded grants to build or use f/loss, such grants are a smart investment on the part of an imls: a dollar spent on producing software that anybody can freely use can rebound to the benefit of many more libraries. for example, here is a list of some of the software projects whose creation or enhancement was funded by an imls grant: 	pachyderm . , a multimedia authoring tool for museums ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , apache license) 	open video digital library toolkit ($ , . , grant lg- - - - mit license) 	ivia, a virtual library system that includes automatic metadata generation ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , gpl) 	zotero née smartfox ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , affero gpl) 	omeka ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , gpl) 	systematic archival fascimile engine (safe) ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , apache license) 	collectionspace ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , educational community license) 	cinch ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , public domain) 	mukurtu cms ($ , , . , grants lg- - - - and lg- - - - , gpl) 	avalon media system, ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , apache license) 	crowdask ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , gpl) 	the “old” social feed manager ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , bsd license) 	simplye ($ , , , grants lg- - - - , lg- - - - , and lg- - - - ; apache license) 	epadd ($ , . , grant lg- - - - , apache license) 	eaditor ($ , . , grant sp- - - - , apache license) 	hyku / hydra-in-a-box ($ , , . , grant lg- - - - , apache license) this is only a partial list; it does not include lsta funding that libraries may have used to either implement or enhance f/loss systems or money that libraries contributed to f/loss development as part of a broader grant project. imls has also funded some open source projects that ultimately… went nowhere. but that’s ok; imls funding is one way that libraries can afford to experiment. do you or your institution use any of this software? would you miss it if it were gone — or never existed — or was only available in some proprietary form? if so… write your congressional legislators today. share this: 	twitter 	more 	 	tumblr 	reddit 	 	print 	 			 			 	 		 			 author: galen charlton		 		 								 	 				 					 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 					 			 		 		 	 	follow me on twitter my tweets			delving the metadeeps 		 	 	 	 		 		 		 			copyright © - meta interchange			powered by				 					wordpress				 				 and the 				 					stix theme				 			 		 	 	 				 none dlf forum community journalists - dlf forum 		 		 			skip to content		 		 	 	 		 			 				 	 	 	 	 	 			home 	about 	code of conduct 		coc reporting form 	thank you 	covid- 	resources 	information for attendees 	active bystanders 	creating 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	hall of sponsors 	registration 	 				 			 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 				 			 	 	 		 	 	 		 	 		 						 							 							 						 							 					 			 							 								 					 		 								 					 		 				 							 							 							 					 			 							 						 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 			 dlf forum community journalists 		 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 								 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 			meet our community journalists 		 				 				 				 					the virtual dlf forum looks different from our typical event in almost every way imaginable. due to the fact that we aren’t convening in person and registration is free, we decided to offer a different kind of fellowship opportunity. because the guiding purpose of this year’s virtual dlf forum is building community while apart, through our re-envisioned fellowship program, we are highlighting new voices from “community journalists” in the field. we are providing $ stipends to a cohort of virtual dlf forum attendees from a variety of backgrounds and will feature their voices and experiences on the dlf blog after our events this fall. we are excited to announce this year’s dlf forum community journalists: 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 																					arabeth balasko 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms. she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win! 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											rebecca bayeck (@rybayeck) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design & technology and comparative & international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies.    				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											shelly black (@shellyyblack) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters. shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											lisa covington (@prof_cov) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					lisa covington, ma is a phd candidate at the university of iowa studying sociology of education, digital humanities and african american studies. her dissertation work is “mediating black girlhood: a multi-level comparative analysis of narrative feature films.” this research identifies mechanisms in which media operates as an institution, (mis)informing individual and social ontological knowledge.   in , lisa received the rev. dr. martin luther king, jr. award from the iowa department of human rights. she is the director of the ethnic studies leadership academy in iowa city, an educational leadership program for black youth, in middle school and high school, to learn african american advocacy through incorporating digital humanities and social sciences.    lisa received her ma from san diego state university in women & gender studies. as a youth development professional, lisa develops curriculum for weekly programming with girls of color, trains teachers on best practices for working with underrepresented youth, and directs programs in preschool through college settings in california, pennsylvania, iowa, new jersey, new york and washington, d.c.  				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 																					ana hilda figueroa de jesús 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 																					amanda guzman 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct.  				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											carolina hernandez (@carolina_hrndz) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 																					jocelyn hurtado 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations to come. ms. hurtado also has experience promoting collections through exhibits, presentations, instructional sessions, and other outreach activities which includes the development and execution of an informative historical web-series video podcast.  ms. hurtado earned her associate degree in anthropology from miami-dade college and a bachelor of arts in anthropology from the university of florida. she also completed the georgia archives institute program.  				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											melde rutledge (@melderutledge) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					melde rutledge is the digital collections librarian at wake forest university’s z. smith reynolds library. he is responsible for leading the library’s digitization services—primarily in support of zsr’s special collections and archives, as well as providing support for university departments.  he earned his mlis from the university of north carolina at greensboro, and has served in librarianship for approximately years. his background also includes years of newspaper journalism, where he wrote news, sports, and feature articles for several locally published newspapers in north carolina.  he currently lives in winston-salem, nc, with his wife and three sons. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 																					hsiu-ann tom 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					hsiu-ann tom is the digital archivist at the amistad research center in new orleans, la where her work focuses on born digital collection development. she received her masters in library and information science with a concentration in archives management from simmons university in boston in . she is a graduate of columbia university (ba, sociology) and harvard university (ma, religion and politics), and is a member of the academy of certified archivists. prior to working in the archival field, hsiu-ann served in the united states army intelligence field as a cryptolinguistic analyst, attending the defense language institute in monterey, california. before coming to amistad, hsiu-ann worked on the archives staff of boston university’s howard gotlieb archival research center working with the military historical society of massachusetts collection. she recently obtained the society of american archivist digital archivist specialist certification and enjoys supporting students and new professionals in their educational development through her work as a member of saa’s graduate archival education committee.   				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											kevin winstead (@kaerf ) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					kevin is a - clir postdoctoral fellow at penn state, earning his phd in american studies at the university of maryland. his scholarship includes published articles on social movements and religion. in “black catholicism and black lives matter: the process towards joining a movement” (ethnic and racial studies, ), kevin uses an adaptation of social movement frame analysis to examine how black catholics define and construct the ongoing political issues within the black lives matter movement. his current research interest centers around social movements, digital studies, religion, the social construction of knowledge, and digital misinformation.   in his previous work, kevin served as project manager for the andrew w. mellon funded african american history, culture, and digital humanities, where he produced project events and other scholarly activities, making the digital humanities more inclusive of african american scholarship while enriching african american studies research with new methods, archives, and tools. kevin also served as project manager for baltimore stories: narratives and life of an american city, funded by the neh humanities in the public square grant in partnership with maryland humanities, the university of maryland baltimore county, enoch pratt free library, and the greater baltimore cultural alliance. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 					 							 											 															 											betsy yoon (@betsyoon) 										 					 				 				 						 					 		 				 			 							 						 				 					betsy yoon (she/they) is an adjunct assistant professor and oer/reference librarian at the college of staten island, cuny and earned her mlis in . she also has a master of international affairs. she lives in occupied lenapehoking and is a longtime member of nodutdol, a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades working to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and turtle island (north america). interests include critical approaches to oer and openness, the free/libre software movement, understanding and addressing root causes over symptom management, and the role that libraries and archives can play in our collective liberation. 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 						 					 		 								 					 		 				 						 							 					 			 							 						 				 			want forum news? 		 				 				 				 					subscribe to our newsletter now and stay informed! 				 				 				 				 					 			 						 						subscribe 		 					 		 				 				 						 					 		 								 					 		 						 						 					 		 	 		 	 		 			 				 	 	 			sponsorship opportunities 	about dlf 	join dlf 	contact 	 	 		 		 	 	 	 		 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 							 		 	 	 swib /read_participants_data.pl at main · swibcon/swib · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} swibcon / swib 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss main swib /map/read_participants_data.pl go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) . kb raw blame 		#!/usr/bin/perl 		# jneubert, - - 		 		# ad-hoc script for preparing swib participants data for institution 		# reconsiliation against wikidata and for aggregating the results and posting 		# them into a sparql endpoint. 		 		# if no wdqs-approved endpoint is available, the data can be injected by a 		# values clause - see below. 		 		# todo: split script into two parts 		# ) read conftool data and transform to openrefine input 		# (taking into account prior results) 		# ) aggregate results and load into sparql endpoint 		 		# todo: do not use csv with '|' delimiter - it is used in real-world 		# organization names. better use tsv for input files, too. 		 		# todo: replace string 'swib ' with a variable 		 		use strict; 		use warnings; 		use utf ; 		 		use data::dumper; 		use file::slurp; 		use html::template; 		use ipc::open ; 		use json::xs; 		use path::tiny; 		use posix; 		use readonly; 		use xml::libxml; 		 		binmode( stdout, ":utf " ); 		$data::dumper::sortkeys = ; 		 		readonly my $input_file => '../var/src/participants.xml'; 		readonly my $refine_dir => path('../var/org_refine'); 		 		# 		# read conftool data from registered participants 		# 		my $parser = xml::libxml->new(); 		my $doc = $parser->parse_file($input_file); 		 		my @participants = $doc->getelementsbytagname('participant'); 		 		my ( %data, $participants_count ); 		foreach my $participant (@participants) { 		 my $country = $participant->findvalue('country'); 		 my $city = $participant->findvalue('city'); 		 my $org_name = $participant->findvalue('organisation'); 		 		 # create a lookup key including country, to deal with possible 		 # ambiguous org names 		 my $key = "$country!$org_name"; 		 $data{$key}{count}++; 		 $data{$key}{country} = $country; 		 $data{$key}{city} = $city; 		 $data{$key}{org_name} = $org_name; 		 $participants_count++; 		} 		 		# 		# read identified organizations (results from prior openrefine loops) 		# 		my ( %organization, %known_key ); 		my @refine_files = $refine_dir->children(qr/^swib _org\d([a-z])?\.tsv$/); 		foreach my $refine_file (@refine_files) { 		 my $lines = $refine_file->slurp_utf ; 		 foreach my $line ( split( /\n/, $lines ) ) { 		 my ( $key, $qid ) = split( /\t/, $line ); 		 next unless $qid; 		 $organization{$qid}{count} += $data{$key}{count}; 		 $known_key{$key} = $qid; 		 my ( $country, $name ) = split( '!', $key ); 		 push( @{ $organization{$qid}{names} }, $name ); 		 } 		} 		##print dumper \%organization; 		 		# 		# create and exeecute sparql queries for endpoint update 		# 		# q&d, use econ_corp endpoint, which is allowed in a wdqs service clause. 		# the endpoint can be updated only locally on the remote sparql_server 		# (which must be accessible by key authentication). via perl's open (), stdin 		# is used for data transmission. 		my $remote_cmd = 		 'ssh sparql_server curl --silent ' 		 . '-x post -h \"content-type: application/sparql-update\" ' 		 . '--data-binary @- http://localhost: /econ_corp/update'; 		 		my $delete_query = <<'eof'; 		prefix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> 		prefix zbwext: <http://zbw.eu/namespaces/zbw-extensions/> 		 		delete { 		 ?item zbwext:swib participants ?count . 		} 		where { 		 ?item zbwext:swib participants ?count . 		} 		eof 		 		# execute delete query remotely 		my $child_in; 		open ( undef, $child_in, $remote_cmd ); 		print $child_in $delete_query; 		close $child_in; 		 		my $insert_query = <<'eof'; 		p+refix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> 		prefix zbwext: <http://zbw.eu/namespaces/zbw-extensions/> 		 		insert { 		 ?item zbwext:swib participants ?count . 		} 		where { 		 values ( ?item ?count ) { 		eof 		my ( $unknown_count, $no_org_count ); 		foreach my $qid ( keys %organization ) { 		 		 # skip not-yet-determined and undefined entities 		 if ( $qid eq 'q ' ) { 		 $unknown_count += $organization{$qid}{count}; 		 next; 		 } 		 if ( $qid eq 'q ' ) { 		 $no_org_count += $organization{$qid}{count}; 		 next; 		 } 		 		 $insert_query .= " ( wd:$qid $organization{$qid}{count} )\n"; 		 		# print line for a values clause in a static query, e.g. 		# https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/user:jneubert/swib_queries/swib_institutions_extended 		 ##print "( wd:$qid $organization{$qid}{count} )\n"; 		} 		$insert_query .= <<'eof'; 		 } 		} 		eof 		 		# execute insert query remotely 		open ( undef, $child_in, $remote_cmd ); 		print $child_in $insert_query; 		close $child_in; 		 		# 		# output unidentified organizations (for next openrefine loop) 		# 		# column structure 		my $refine_input = "key|country|city|name|bt|organisation\n"; 		my $not_yet_known_count = ; 		foreach my $key ( sort keys %data ) { 		 next if $known_key{$key}; 		 $refine_input .= "$key|$data{$key}{country}|$data{$key}{city}" 		 . "|$data{$key}{org_name}||$data{$key}{org_name}\n"; 		 $not_yet_known_count++; 		 		} 		path("../var/org_refine/swib _org_input.csv")->spew_utf ($refine_input); 		 		# 		# output statistics 		# 		print "\n"; 		print $participants_count, " total participants\n"; 		## minus items which are not an organization 		print scalar( keys %organization ) - , 		 " institutions identified in wikidata\n"; 		print $unknown_count, " institutions not (yet) in wikidata\n"; 		print $no_org_count, " no institution given\n"; 		print $not_yet_known_count, 		" new institutions not yet known, in ../var/org_refine/swib _org_input.csv\n"; 		print "\n"; 		print 'not in wikidata: ', 		 join( '; ', @{ $organization{'q '}{names} } ), "\n"; 		 	 copy lines 	 copy permalink 	view git blame 	reference in new issue go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences inst /notebook.ipynb at master · edsu/inst · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} edsu / inst 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master inst /modules/module- /notebook.ipynb go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time . mb download sorry, something went wrong. reload? sorry, we cannot display this file. sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed. viewer requires iframe. go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to computational regulatory genomics : motifs, networks, and dynamics (kheradpour, pouya; ) read it predicting genetic interactions in caenorhabditis elegans using machine learning missiuro, patrycja vasilyev, - ( ) 	 advisors: hui ge; jaakkola, tommi s. (tommi sakari) 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it leveraging high-throughput datasets for studies of gene regulation yen, angela ( ) 	 advisor: manolis kellis 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it rna : algorithms, evolution and design schnall-levin, michael (michael benjamin) ( ) 	 advisor: bonnie berger 	 department of mathematics read it computational methods for high-throughput pooled genetic experiments edwards, matthew douglas ( ) 	 advisor: david k. gifford 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it identifying protein-coding genes and synonymous constraint elements using phylogenetic codon models lin, michael f. (michael fong-jay) ( ) 	 advisor: manolis kellis 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it simultaneous computational discovery of dna regulatory motifs and transcription factor binding constraints at high spatial resolution guo, yuchun ( ) 	 advisor: david k. gifford 	 computational and systems biology program read it uncovering the variability, regulatory roles and mutation rates of short tandem repeats willems, thomas f. (thomas frederick) ( ) 	 advisors: manolis kellis; yaniv erlic 	 computational and systems biology program read it information-sharing models for computational genetics edwards, matthew douglas ( ) 	 advisor: david k. gifford 	 department of electrical engineering and computer science read it deciphering genetic associations using genome-wide epigenomics approaches wang, xinche ( ) 	 advisors: laurie a. boyer; manolis kellis 	 department of biology read it convergence of regulatory mutations into oncogenic pathways across multiple tumor types murugadoss, karthik ( ) 	 advisor: manolis kellis 	 computation for design and optimization program read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to topics in the stress and syntax of words (jammalamadaka, arvind k. (arvind kumar), -; ) read it focus on basque movements arregui-urbina, karlos, - ( ) 	 advisor: sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it syntax at the edge: cross-clausal phenomena and the syntax of passamaquoddy bruening, benjamin ( ) 	 advisor: sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it investigations of covert phrase movement nissenbaum, jonathan w., - ( ) 	 advisors: noam chomsky; sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it on the notion of theme vowel : a new approach to catalan verbal morphology oltra massuet, maria isabel, - ( ) 	 advisor: alec p. marantz 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it subjects, events, and licensing harley, heidi britton ( ) 	 advisor: alec p. marantz 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it morphosyntax : the syntax of verbal inflection bobaljik, jonathan david ( ) 	 advisor: noam chomsky 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it non-verbal argument structure : evidence from tagalog sabbagh, joseph ( ) 	 advisor: sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it the acquisition of raising hirsch, christopher k ( ) 	 advisor: kenneth n. wexler 	 department of brain and cognitive sciences read it movement out of focus erlewine, michael yoshitaka ( ) 	 advisors: irene heim; sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it licensing without case levin, theodore frank ( ) 	 advisor: sabine iatridou. david pesetsk 	 department of linguistics and philosophy read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. notebooks/aoty.ipynb at master · edsu/notebooks · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} edsu / notebooks 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master notebooks/aoty.ipynb go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) kb raw blame sorry, something went wrong. reload? sorry, we cannot display this file. sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed. viewer requires iframe. go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences go to hellman skip to main | skip to sidebar go to hellman if you wanna end war and stuff, you gotta sing loud! monday, october , we should regulate virality it turns out that virality on internet platforms is a social hazard!  living in the age of the covid pandemic, we see around us what happens when we let things grow exponentially. the reason that the novel coronavirus has changed our lives is not that it's often lethal - it's that it found a way to jump from one infected person to several others on average, leading to exponential growth. we are infected with virus without regard to the lethality of the virus, but only its reproduction rate. for years, websites have been built to optimize virality of content. what we see on facebook or twitter is not shown to us for its relevance to our lives, its education value, or even its entertainment value. it shown to us because it maximizes our "engagement" - our tendency to interact and spread it. the more we interact with a website, the more money it makes, and so a generation of minds has been employed in the pursuit of more engagement. sometimes it's cat videos that delight us, but more often these days it's content that enrages and divides us. our dissatisfaction with what the internet has become has led calls to regulate the giants of the internet. a lot of the political discourse has focused on "section " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/section_   a part of us law that gives interactive platforms such as facebook a set of rules that result in legal immunity for content posted by users. as might be expected, many of the proposals for reform have sounded attractive, but the details are typically unworkable in the real world, and often would have effects opposite of what is intended.  i'd like to argue that the only workable approaches to regulating internet platforms should target their virality. our society has no problem with regulations that force restaurant, food preparation facilities, and even barbershops to prevent the spread of disease, and no one ever complains that the regulations affect "good" bacteria too. these regulations are a component of our society's immune system, and they are necessary for its healthy functioning. 	 	add caption you might think that platform virality is too technical to be amenable to regulation, but it's not. that's because of the statistical characteristics of exponential growth. my study of free ebook usage has made me aware of the pervasiveness of exponential statistics on the internet. sometime labeled the - rule, the pareto principle, or log-normal statistics, it's the natural result of processes that grow at a rate proportional to their size. as a result, it's possible to regulate virality of platforms because only a very small amount of content is viral enough dominate the platform. regulate that tiny amount of super-viral content, and you create incentive to moderate the virality of platforms. the beauty of doing this is that a huge majority of content is untouched by regulation. how might this work? imagine a law that removed a platform's immunity for content that it shows to a million people (or maybe million - i've not sure what the cutoff should be). this makes sense, too; if a platform promotes illegal content in such a way that a million people see it, the platform shouldn't get immunity just because "algorithms"! it also makes it practical for platforms to curate the content for harmlessness- it won't kill off the cat videos! the facebooks and twitters of the world will complain, but they'll be able to add antibodies and t-cells to their platforms, and the platforms will be healthier for it. smaller sites will be free to innovate, without too much worry, but to get funding they'll need to have plans for virality limits. so we really do have a choice; healthy platforms with diverse content, or cesspools of viral content. doesn't seem like such a hard decision! 	techdirt has excellent coverage of section .  posted by eric at : pm comments email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest links to this post labels: social networks sunday, september , notes on work-from-home teams i've been working from home full-time for over eleven years - at least partly work-from-home for years. i've managed work-from-home teams, and worked with quite a few others on joint projects. so when some colleagues were sharing their work-from-home experiences, i piped up with some thoughts. when i was asked recently to repeat them, i realized it might be useful to make a list for the blog. old-style. so... 	in-person time is super-valuable. it builds a foundation for the digital interactions we're all stuck with for a while. 	engineers in particular are prone to under-communicate, so a manager has to pro-actively push people to communicate more than they would on their own ... 	... and create a safe environment that promotes asking for help. 	 most remote workers need an extra helping of encouragement and positive reinforcement... 	... doubly so for people prone to self-doubt or imposter syndrome. 	worker depression is the hardest thing for a work-from-home team to manage. 	trust is the most important attribute for work-from-home teams, and it has to be mutual in any type of relationship. i think most of these are self-explanatory. in the near-term current environment, the first point is not so helpful for teams that haven't banked some in-person time; non-work activities, remote meal-sharing and happy hours are imperfect substitutes for the real thing. the point about worker depression is worth emphasizing. it's a real hazard, often without easy mitigations. for me, daily exercise and intentional social interaction are the most effective medicine, but everyone is different. a work-from-home team needs time, space, and often support to figure out what works. posted by eric at : pm comments email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest links to this post labels: entrepreneurship tuesday, december , your identity, your library today, your identity on the internet is essentially owned by the big email providers and social networks. google, yahoo, facebook, twitter - chances are you use one of these services to conveniently log into other services as you. you don't need to remember a new password for each service, and the service providers don't have to verify your "identity". what you gain in convenience, you lose in privacy, and that's turned out really well, hasn't it? the "flow" you use to take advantage of this single sign-in is a "dance" that takes you from website to website and back to the site you're logging into. a similar dance occurs to secure access to resources licensed on you behalf by libraries, institutions, corporations, etc.. i wrote a bunch of articles about "ra " (now rebranded as the vaguely nsfw "seamlessaccess"), an effort spearheaded by stm publishers to improve the user experience of that dance. (it can be complicated and confusing because there are lots of potential dance partners!) 	 	henri matisse, la danse (first version) these dance partners style themselves as "identity providers". that label makes me uncomfortable. identity can't be something that can be stripped from you by on the whim of a megacorporation. instead, internet identity should be woven from a web of relationships. these can be formed digitally or face-to-face, global or local, business or personal. you'd have thunk that the whole identity-on-the-internet thing would have improved in the years since that login dance was first rolled out. and you'd be almost right, because a new architecture for internet identity is now on the horizon. made possible by many of the same technologies that are securing the internet and inflating the blockchain bubble, massively distributed and even "self-sovereign identity" are becoming real-ish. these technologies will inevitably be applied to the access authorization problem. access via distributed identity replaces the website-to-website dance with the presentation of some sort of signed credential. a service provider verifies the signature against the signer's public key. it's like showing a passport that can't be forged. a tricky bit is that the credential also needs to be checked against a list of revoked credentials. this would have been cumbersome even ten years ago, but distributed databases are now a mature technology, versions of which underpin the internet itself. interlinked with the concept of distributed identity is the notion that users of the web should be able to securely control their data, and that decisions about what a web site gets to know about you should not be delegated to advertising networks. unfortunately, we're not quite ready for distributed identity, in the sense that implementation for today's web would require users to install plugin software, which has its own set of usability, privacy and security issues. the ideal situation would be for some sort of standardized distributed identity and secure data management capability to be installed in browser software - chrome, firefox, safari, etc. there's a lot of work going on to make this happen. 	id has put out an identity manifesto that starts with the declaration that "the ability to prove one’s identity is a fundamental and universal human right." 	tim berners-lee is leading the solid project, which let's you "move freely between services, reuse data across apps, connect with anyone, and select what you share precisely". 	the w c verifiable claims working group has published technical recommendations for "verifiable credential use cases and a "verifiable credential data model". they observe that "from educational records to payment account access, the next generation of web applications will authorize entities to perform actions based on rich sets of credentials issued by trusted parties." 	the sovrin network is a "new standard for digital identity – designed to bring the trust, personal control, and ease-of-use of analog ids – like driver’s licenses and id cards – to the internet." 	kaliya young, doc searls and phil windley have been convening the internet identity workshop twice a year since to create a community centered around internet identity. a glance at prior year proceedings gives a flavor of how much is happening in the field the common thread here is that users, not unaccountable third parties, should be able to manage their identity on the internet, while at the same time creating a global chain of trust. it seems to me that there's a last-mile problem with all these schemes. if identity is really a universal human right, how do we create a chain of trust that can include every human? that problem becomes a lot easier to solve if there were some sort of organization with a physical presence in communities all over, trusted by the community and by other organizations. a sort of institution experienced in managing information access and privacy, and devoted to the needs of all sorts of users. in other words, what if "libraries" existed? the federated authentications systems used by libraries today - shibboleth, athens, and related systems use a dance similar to what you do with google or facebook. it's a big step that moves your internet identity away from "surveillance capitalists" towards community institutions. but you still don't have control over what data your institution give away, as you will in the next-generation internet identity systems i describe here. (ra is no different from shib or athens in this respect.) what might libraries do to prepare for the age of distributed identity? the first step is not about technology, it's about mission. i believe libraries should start to think of themselves as internet relationship providers for their communities. when i get access to a resource though my library, i won't be "logging in",  i'll be asserting a relationship with a library community, and the library will be standing behind me. joining an identity federation is a good next step for libraries. but the library community needs to advocate for user identity as a basic human right and prepare their systems to support a future where no dancing is required. update / / : revised last two paragraphs to be less mystifying. posted by eric at : pm comments email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest links to this post labels: authentication, public identity, ra friday, july , four-leaf clovers it seems a friend of mine collects four-leaf clovers. when i was a kid, i loved looking for four-leaf clovers in the lawn.  it was the same sort of relaxing concentration and observation you use to find a piece of a jigsaw puzzle. but one day, i found a clover plant in front of the garage that had multiple four-leaf clovers. looking carefully, i found that not only were there four leaf clovers, but there were five-leaf-clovers. i had hit the jackpot. and even a six-leaf clover!!!! i swear to all of god's integers that i even found a seven leaf clover. i saved that seven leaf clover in my box of treasures for years, until i just had seven crumbling leafs of a clover. i never looked for a four-leaf clover again. now, whenever i remember that clover plant (and that garage), i think of the toxins that must have caused the polyfoliate abomination. please don't let my story stop you looking for four-leaf clovers! happy summer! posted by eric at : pm comments email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest links to this post labels: magic thursday, may , responding to critical reviews the first scientific paper i published was submitted to physical review b, the world's leading scientific journal in condensed matter physics. mailing in the manuscript felt like sending my soul into a black hole, except not even hawking radiation would came back. a seemingly favorable review returned a miraculous two months later: "i found this paper interesting, and i think it probably eventually it should be published - but only after section ii is revamped and section iii clarified." i made a few minor revisions and added some computations that had been left out of the first version, then confidently resubmitted the paper. but another two months later, i received the second review. the referee hadn't appreciated that i had deflected the review's description of "fundamental logic flaws and careless errors" that made my paper "extremely confusing". the reviewer went on to say "i do not think the authors' new variational calculation is correct" and suggested that my approach was completely wrong. my thesis advisor suggested that i go and talk to bob laughlin in the physics department about how to deal with the stubborn referee. i had been collaborating with bob and one of his students on a related project, and he had become a surrogate advisor for my theoretical endeavors. during that time, bob had acquired a reputation among my fellow students for asking merciless questions at oral exams; many of us were scared of him. bob's lesson on how to deal with a difficult referee turned out to be one of the most useful things i learned in grad school. referees, he told me, come in varieties, complete idiots, and not-complete-idiots. (yes, bob was merciless.) if your referee is a complete idiot, all you can do is ask for a different referee. if your referee has the least bit of sense, then you have to take the attitude that either the referee is somewhat correct, and you think yes-sir mister referee sir! (bob had been in the army) and do whatever the referee says to do, or you take the point of view that you have explained something so poorly that the referee, who is an excellent representative of your target audience, had no hope of understanding it. either way, there was a lot of work to do. we decided that this referee was not an idiot, and i needed to go back to the drawing board and re-do my calculation, figuring out how to be clearer and more correct in my exposition. a third review came back with the lovely phrase "the significance of the calculation of section ii, which is neither fish nor fowl, remains unclear." using bob's not-idiot rule, i recognized that my explanation was still unclear and i worked even harder to improve the paper. my third revised version was accepted and published. bob later won the nobel prize. i'm here writing blog posts for you about ra . ra received mostly critical reviews from a cross-section of referees, not a single one of whom is the least bit an idiot. roughly half the issues fell into the badly-explained category, while the other half fell in the "fundamental flaws and careless errors" category. ra needs to go back to the chalkboard and rethink even their starting assumptions before they can move forward with this much-needed effort. posted by eric at : pm comments email thisblogthis!share to twittershare to facebookshare to pinterest links to this post labels: physics, ra , social practice older posts home subscribe to: posts (atom) unglue.it making the world of ebooks safe for the free. blog archive 	 ▼  ( ) 	 ▼  october ( ) 	we should regulate virality 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( ) 	 ►  april ( ) 	 ►  march ( ) 	 ►  january ( ) 	 ►  ( ) 	 ►  december ( ) 	 ►  november ( ) 	 ►  october ( ) 	 ►  september ( ) 	 ►  august ( ) 	 ►  july ( ) 	 ►  june ( ) 	 ►  may ( 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libraries or related fields to participate in the conference. the fellowship covers travel, accommodation, meals and incidentals, as well as full conference... read more &# ; the post open repositories : now accepting fellowship applications appeared first on duraspace.org. api - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	api 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		set of subroutine definitions, protocols, and tools for building software and applications for other uses, see api (disambiguation). "api.php" redirects here. for the wikipedia api, see /w/api.php. an application programming interface (api) is a computing interface that defines interactions between multiple software intermediaries. it defines the kinds of calls or requests that can be made, how to make them, the data formats that should be used, the conventions to follow, etc. it can also provide extension mechanisms so that users can extend existing functionality in various ways and to varying degrees.[ ] an api can be entirely custom, specific to a component, or designed based on an industry-standard to ensure interoperability. through information hiding, apis enable modular programming, allowing users to use the interface independently of the implementation. contents 	 purpose 	 history of the term 	 usage 	 . libraries and frameworks 	 . operating systems 	 . remote apis 	 . web apis 	 design 	 release policies 	 . public api implications 	 documentation 	 copyright controversy 	 examples 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading purpose[edit] in building applications, an api (application programming interface) simplifies programming by abstracting the underlying implementation and only exposing objects or actions the developer needs. while a graphical interface for an email client might provide a user with a button that performs all the steps for fetching and highlighting new emails, an api for file input/output might give the developer a function that copies a file from one location to another without requiring that the developer understand the file system operations occurring behind the scenes.[ ] history of the term[edit] a diagram from proposing the expansion of the idea of the api to become a general programming interface, beyond application programs alone.[ ] the meaning of the term api has expanded over its history. it first described an interface only for end-user-facing programs, known as application programs. this origin is still reflected in the name "application programming interface." today, the term api is broader, including also utility software and even hardware interfaces.[ ] the idea of the api is much older than the term. british computer scientists wilkes and wheeler worked on modular software libraries in the s for the edsac computer. joshua bloch claims that wilkes and wheeler "latently invented" the api, because it is more of a concept that is discovered than invented.[ ] although the people who coined the term api were implementing software on a univac , the goal of their api was to make hardware independent programs possible.[ ] the term "application program interface" (without an -ing suffix) is first recorded in a paper called data structures and techniques for remote computer graphics presented at an afips conference in .[ ][ ] the authors of this paper use the term to describe the interaction of an application — a graphics program in this case — with the rest of the computer system. a consistent application interface (consisting of fortran subroutine calls) was intended to free the programmer from dealing with idiosyncrasies of the graphics display device, and to provide hardware independence if the computer or the display were replaced.[ ] the term was introduced to the field of databases by c. j. date[ ] in a paper called the relational and network approaches: comparison of the application programming interface.[ ] an api became a part of ansi/sparc framework for database management systems. this framework treated the application programming interface separately from other interfaces, such as the query interface. database professionals in the s observed these different interfaces could be combined; a sufficiently rich application interface could support the other interfaces as well.[ ] this observation lead to apis that supported all types of programming, not just application programming. by , the api was defined simply as "a set of services available to a programmer for performing certain tasks" by technologist carl malamud.[ ] the conception of the api was expanded again with the dawn of web apis. roy fielding's dissertation architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures at uc irvine in outlined representational state transfer (rest) and described the idea of a "network-based application programming interface" that fielding contrasted with traditional "library-based" apis.[ ] xml and json web apis saw widespread commercial adoption beginning in and continuing as of . the web api is now the most common meaning of the term api.[ ] when used in this way, the term api has some overlap in meaning with the terms communication protocol and remote procedure call. usage[edit] libraries and frameworks[edit] an api usually is related to a software library. the api describes and prescribes the "expected behavior" (a specification) while the library is an "actual implementation" of this set of rules. a single api can have multiple implementations (or none, being abstract) in the form of different libraries that share the same programming interface. the separation of the api from its implementation can allow programs written in one language to use a library written in another. for example, because scala and java compile to compatible bytecode, scala developers can take advantage of any java api.[ ] api use can vary depending on the type of programming language involved. an api for a procedural language such as lua could consist primarily of basic routines to execute code, manipulate data or handle errors while an api for an object-oriented language, such as java, would provide a specification of classes and its class methods.[ ][ ] language bindings are also apis. by mapping the features and capabilities of one language to an interface implemented in another language, a language binding allows a library or service written in one language to be used when developing in another language.[ ] tools such as swig and f py, a fortran-to-python interface generator, facilitate the creation of such interfaces.[ ] an api can also be related to a software framework: a framework can be based on several libraries implementing several apis, but unlike the normal use of an api, the access to the behavior built into the framework is mediated by extending its content with new classes plugged into the framework itself. moreover, the overall program flow of control can be out of the control of the caller and in the framework's hands by inversion of control or a similar mechanism.[ ][ ] operating systems[edit] an api can specify the interface between an application and the operating system.[ ] posix, for example, specifies a set of common apis that aim to enable an application written for a posix conformant operating system to be compiled for another posix conformant operating system. linux and berkeley software distribution are examples of operating systems that implement the posix apis.[ ] microsoft has shown a strong commitment to a backward-compatible api, particularly within its windows api (win ) library, so older applications may run on newer versions of windows using an executable-specific setting called "compatibility mode".[ ] an api differs from an application binary interface (abi) in that an api is source code based while an abi is binary based. for instance, posix provides apis while the linux standard base provides an abi.[ ][ ] remote apis[edit] remote apis allow developers to manipulate remote resources through protocols, specific standards for communication that allow different technologies to work together, regardless of language or platform. for example, the java database connectivity api allows developers to query many different types of databases with the same set of functions, while the java remote method invocation api uses the java remote method protocol to allow invocation of functions that operate remotely, but appear local to the developer.[ ][ ] therefore, remote apis are useful in maintaining the object abstraction in object-oriented programming; a method call, executed locally on a proxy object, invokes the corresponding method on the remote object, using the remoting protocol, and acquires the result to be used locally as a return value. a modification of the proxy object will also result in a corresponding modification of the remote object.[ ] web apis[edit] main article: web api web apis are the defined interfaces through which interactions happen between an enterprise and applications that use its assets, which also is a service level agreement (sla) to specify the functional provider and expose the service path or url for its api users. an api approach is an architectural approach that revolves around providing a program interface to a set of services to different applications serving different types of consumers.[ ] when used in the context of web development, an api is typically defined as a set of specifications, such as hypertext transfer protocol (http) request messages, along with a definition of the structure of response messages, usually in an extensible markup language (xml) or javascript object notation (json) format. an example might be a shipping company api that can be added to an ecommerce-focused website to facilitate ordering shipping services and automatically include current shipping rates, without the site developer having to enter the shipper's rate table into a web database. while "web api" historically has been virtually synonymous with web service, the recent trend (so-called web . ) has been moving away from simple object access protocol (soap) based web services and service-oriented architecture (soa) towards more direct representational state transfer (rest) style web resources and resource-oriented architecture (roa).[ ] part of this trend is related to the semantic web movement toward resource description framework (rdf), a concept to promote web-based ontology engineering technologies. web apis allow the combination of multiple apis into new applications known as mashups.[ ] in the social media space, web apis have allowed web communities to facilitate sharing content and data between communities and applications. in this way, content that is created in one place dynamically can be posted and updated to multiple locations on the web.[ ] for example, twitter's rest api allows developers to access core twitter data and the search api provides methods for developers to interact with twitter search and trends data.[ ] design[edit] the design of an api has significant impact on its usage.[ ] the principle of information hiding describes the role of programming interfaces as enabling modular programming by hiding the implementation details of the modules so that users of modules need not understand the complexities inside the modules.[ ] thus, the design of an api attempts to provide only the tools a user would expect.[ ] the design of programming interfaces represents an important part of software architecture, the organization of a complex piece of software.[ ] release policies[edit] apis are one of the more common ways technology companies integrate. those that provide and use apis are considered as being members of a business ecosystem.[ ] the main policies for releasing an api are:[ ] 	private: the api is for internal company use only. 	partner: only specific business partners can use the api. for example, vehicle for hire companies such as uber and lyft allow approved third-party developers to directly order rides from within their apps. this allows the companies to exercise quality control by curating which apps have access to the api, and provides them with an additional revenue stream.[ ] 	public: the api is available for use by the public. for example, microsoft makes the windows api public, and apple releases its api cocoa, so that software can be written for their platforms. not all public apis are generally accessible by everybody. for example, internet service providers like cloudflare or voxility, use restful apis to allow customers and resellers access to their infrastructure information, ddos stats, network performance or dashboard controls.[ ] access to such apis is granted either by “api tokens”, or customer status validations.[ ] public api implications[edit] an important factor when an api becomes public is its "interface stability". changes to the api—for example adding new parameters to a function call—could break compatibility with the clients that depend on that api.[ ] when parts of a publicly presented api are subject to change and thus not stable, such parts of a particular api should be documented explicitly as "unstable". for example, in the google guava library, the parts that are considered unstable, and that might change soon, are marked with the java annotation @beta.[ ] a public api can sometimes declare parts of itself as deprecated or rescinded. this usually means that part of the api should be considered a candidate for being removed, or modified in a backward incompatible way. therefore, these changes allow developers to transition away from parts of the api that will be removed or not supported in the future.[ ] client code may contain innovative or opportunistic usages that were not intended by the api designers. in other words, for a library with a significant user base, when an element becomes part of the public api, it may be used in diverse ways.[ ] on february , , akamai published their annual “state of the internet” report, showcasing the growing trend of cybercriminals targeting public api platforms at financial services worldwide. from december through november , akamai witnessed . billion credential violation attacks. about %, or . billion, were against hostnames defined as api endpoints. of these, . million have targeted financial services sector organizations.[ ] documentation[edit] api documentation describes what services an api offers and how to use those services, aiming to cover everything a client would need to know for practical purposes. documentation is crucial for the development and maintenance of applications using the api.[ ] api documentation is traditionally found in documentation files but can also be found in social media such as blogs, forums, and q&a websites.[ ] traditional documentation files are often presented via a documentation system, such as javadoc or pydoc, that has a consistent appearance and structure. however, the types of content included in the documentation differs from api to api.[ ] in the interest of clarity, api documentation may include a description of classes and methods in the api as well as "typical usage scenarios, code snippets, design rationales, performance discussions, and contracts", but implementation details of the api services themselves are usually omitted. restrictions and limitations on how the api can be used are also covered by the documentation. for instance, documentation for an api function could note that its parameters cannot be null, that the function itself is not thread safe,[ ] because api documentation tends to be comprehensive, it is a challenge for writers to keep the documentation updated and for users to read it carefully, potentially yielding bugs.[ ] api documentation can be enriched with metadata information like java annotations. this metadata can be used by the compiler, tools, and by the run-time environment to implement custom behaviors or custom handling.[ ] it is possible to generate api documentation in a data-driven manner. by observing many programs that use a given api, it is possible to infer the typical usages, as well the required contracts and directives.[ ] then, templates can be used to generate natural language from the mined data. copyright controversy[edit] main article: oracle america, inc. v. google, inc. in , oracle corporation sued google for having distributed a new implementation of java embedded in the android operating system.[ ] google had not acquired any permission to reproduce the java api, although permission had been given to the similar openjdk project. judge william alsup ruled in the oracle v. google case that apis cannot be copyrighted in the u.s and that a victory for oracle would have widely expanded copyright protection and allowed the copyrighting of simple software commands: to accept oracle's claim would be to allow anyone to copyright one version of code to carry out a system of commands and thereby bar all others from writing its different versions to carry out all or part of the same commands.[ ][ ] in , however, alsup's ruling was overturned on appeal to the court of appeals for the federal circuit, though the question of whether such use of apis constitutes fair use was left unresolved.[ ] in , following a two-week trial, a jury determined that google's reimplementation of the java api constituted fair use, but oracle vowed to appeal the decision.[ ] oracle won on its appeal, with the court of appeals for the federal circuit ruling that google's use of the apis did not qualify for fair use.[ ] in , google appealed to the supreme court of the united states over both the copyrightability and fair use rulings, and the supreme court granted review.[ ] examples[edit] main category: application programming interfaces 	aspi for scsi device interfacing 	cocoa and carbon for the macintosh 	directx for microsoft windows 	ehllapi 	java apis 	odbc for microsoft windows 	openal cross-platform sound api 	opencl cross-platform api for general-purpose computing for cpus & gpus 	opengl cross-platform graphics api 	openmp api that supports multi-platform shared memory multiprocessing programming in c, c++, and fortran on many architectures, including unix and microsoft windows platforms. 	server application programming interface (sapi) 	simple directmedia layer (sdl) see also[edit] 	api testing 	api writer 	augmented web 	calling convention 	common object request broker architecture (corba) 	comparison of application virtual machines 	document object model (dom) 	double-chance function 	foreign function interface 	front and back ends 	interface (computing) 	interface control document 	list of d graphics apis 	microservices 	name mangling 	open api 	open service interface definitions 	parsing 	plugin 	raml (software) 	software development kit (sdk) 	web api 	web content vendor 	xpcom references[edit] 	^ fisher, sharon ( ). "os/ ee to get interface early". google books. 	^ a b c clarke, steven ( ). "measuring api usability". dr. dobb's. retrieved july . 	^ a b database architectures—a feasibility workshop (report). washington d.c.: u.s. department of commerce, national bureau of standards. april . pp.  – . hdl: /mdp. . lccn  . nbs special publication - . retrieved september , . 	^ a b c bloch, joshua (august , ). a brief, opinionated history of the api (speech). qcon. san francisco: infoq. retrieved september , . 	^ a b cotton, ira w.; greatorex, frank s. (december ). "data structures and techniques for remote computer graphics". afips ' : proceedings of the december - , , fall joint computer conference. afips fall joint computer conference. i. san francisco, california: association for computing machinery. pp.  – . doi: . / . . isbn  - . oclc  . 	^ "application program interface". oxford english dictionary (online ed.). oxford university press.  (subscription or participating institution membership required.) 	^ date, c. j. (july , ). e. f. codd and relational theory: a detailed review and analysis of codd's major database writings. p.  . isbn  - . 	^ date, c. j.; codd, e. f. (january ). "the relational and network approaches: comparison of the application programming interfaces". in randall rustin (ed.). proceedings of acm-sigmod workshop on data description, access and control. sigmod workshop . . ann arbor, michigan: association for computing machinery. pp.  – . doi: . / . . isbn  - . oclc  . 	^ carl, malamud ( ). analyzing novell networks. van nostrand reinhold. p.  . isbn  - . 	^ fielding, roy ( ). architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures (phd). retrieved september , . 	^ lane, kin (october , ). "intro to apis: history of apis". postman. retrieved september , . when you hear the acronym “api” or its expanded version “application programming interface,” it is almost always in reference to our modern approach, in that we use http to provide access to machine readable data in a json or xml format, often simply referred to as “web apis.” apis have been around almost as long as computing, but modern web apis began taking shape in the early s. 	^ odersky, martin; spoon, lex; venners, bill ( december ). "combining scala and java". www.artima.com. retrieved july . 	^ de figueiredo, luiz henrique; ierusalimschy, roberto; filho, waldemar celes. "the design and implementation of a language for extending applications". tecgraf grupo de tecnologia em computacao grafica. citeseerx  . . . . . s cid  . retrieved july . 	^ sintes, tony ( july ). "just what is the java api anyway?". javaworld. retrieved - - . 	^ emery, david. "standards, apis, interfaces and bindings". acm.org. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "f py.org". f py.org. retrieved - - . 	^ fowler, martin. "inversion of control". 	^ fayad, mohamed. "object-oriented application frameworks". 	^ lewine, donald a. ( ). posix programmer's guide. o'reilly & associates, inc. p.  . isbn  . retrieved august . 	^ west, joel; dedrick, jason ( ). "open source standardization: the rise of linux in the network era" (pdf). knowledge, technology & policy. ( ): – . retrieved august . 	^ microsoft (october ). "support for windows xp". microsoft. p.  . archived from the original on - - . 	^ "lsb introduction". linux foundation. june . retrieved - - . 	^ stoughton, nick (april ). "update on standards" (pdf). usenix. retrieved - - . 	^ bierhoff, kevin ( april ). "api protocol compliance in object-oriented software" (pdf). cmu institute for software research. retrieved july . 	^ wilson, m. jeff ( november ). "get smart with proxies and rmi". javaworld. retrieved - - . 	^ henning, michi; vinoski, steve ( ). advanced corba programming with c++. addison-wesley. isbn  - . retrieved june . 	^ "api-fication" (pdf download). www.hcltech.com. august . 	^ benslimane, djamal; schahram dustdar; amit sheth ( ). "services mashups: the new generation of web applications". ieee internet computing, vol. , no. . institute of electrical and electronics engineers. pp.  – . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ niccolai, james ( - - ), "so what is an enterprise mashup, anyway?", pc world 	^ parr, ben. "the evolution of the social media api". mashable. retrieved july . 	^ "get trends/place". developer.twitter.com. retrieved - - . 	^ parnas, d.l. ( ). "on the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules" (pdf). communications of the acm. ( ): – . doi: . / . . s cid  . 	^ garlan, david; shaw, mary (january ). "an introduction to software architecture" (pdf). advances in software engineering and knowledge engineering. . retrieved august . 	^ de ternay, guerric (oct , ). "business ecosystem: creating an economic moat". boostcompanies. retrieved - - . 	^ boyd, mark ( - - ). "private, partner or public: which api strategy is best for business?". programmableweb. retrieved august . 	^ weissbrot, alison ( july ). "car service apis are everywhere, but what's in it for partner apps?". adexchanger. 	^ "cloudflare api v documentation". cloudflare. february . retrieved february . 	^ liew, zell ( january ). "car service apis are everywhere, but what's in it for partner apps". smashing magazine. retrieved february . 	^ a b shi, lin; zhong, hao; xie, tao; li, mingshu ( ). an empirical study on evolution of api documentation. international conference on fundamental approaches to software engineering. lecture notes in computer science. . pp.  – . doi: . / - - - - _ . isbn  - - - - . retrieved july . 	^ "guava-libraries - guava: google core libraries for java . + - google project hosting". - - . retrieved - - . 	^ oracle. "how and when to deprecate apis". java se documentation. retrieved august . 	^ mendez, diego; baudry, benoit; monperrus, martin ( ). "empirical evidence of large-scale diversity in api usage of object-oriented software". ieee th international working conference on source code analysis and manipulation (scam). pp.  – . arxiv: . . doi: . /scam. . . isbn  - - - - . s cid  . 	^ takanashi, dean ( february ). "akamai: cybercriminals are attacking apis at financial services firms". venture beat. retrieved february . 	^ dekel, uri; herbsleb, james d. (may ). "improving api documentation usability with knowledge pushing". institute for software research, school of computer science. citeseerx  . . . . . 	^ parnin, chris; treude, cristoph (may ). "measuring api documentation on the web". web se: – . doi: . / . . isbn  . s cid  . retrieved july . 	^ maalej, waleed; robillard, martin p. (april ). "patterns of knowledge in api reference documentation" (pdf). ieee transactions on software engineering. retrieved july . 	^ monperrus, martin; eichberg, michael; tekes, elif; mezini, mira ( december ). "what should developers be aware of? an empirical study on the directives of api documentation". empirical software engineering. ( ): – . arxiv: . . doi: . /s - - - . s cid  . 	^ "annotations". sun microsystems. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . . 	^ bruch, marcel; mezini, mira; monperrus, martin ( ). "mining subclassing directives to improve framework reuse". th ieee working conference on mining software repositories (msr ). pp.  – . citeseerx  . . . . . doi: . /msr. . . isbn  - - - - . s cid  . 	^ "oracle and the end of programming as we know it". drdobbs. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "apis can't be copyrighted says judge in oracle case". tgdaily. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "oracle america, inc. vs. google inc" (pdf). wired. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ rosenblatt, seth (may , ). "court sides with oracle over android in java patent appeal". cnet. retrieved - - . 	^ "google beats oracle—android makes "fair use" of java apis". ars technica. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ decker, susan (march , ). "oracle wins revival of billion-dollar case against google". bloomberg businessweek. retrieved march , . 	^ lee, timothy (january , ). "google asks supreme court to overrule disastrous ruling on api copyrights". ars technica. retrieved february , . further reading[edit] 	taina bucher ( november ). "objects of intense feeling: the case of the twitter api". computational culture ( ). issn  - . argues that "apis are far from neutral tools" and form a key part of contemporary programming, understood as a fundamental part of culture. 		v 	t 	e operating systems 	general	 	advocacy 	comparison 	forensic engineering 	history 	hobbyist development 	list 	timeline 	usage share 	variants	 	disk operating system 	distributed operating system 	embedded operating system 	mobile operating system 	network operating system 	object-oriented operating system 	real-time operating system 	supercomputer operating system 	kernel	 	architectures	 	exokernel 	hybrid 	microkernel 	monolithic 	vkernel 	rump kernel 	unikernel 	components	 	device driver 	loadable kernel module 	microkernel 	user space 	process management	 	concepts	 	computer multitasking (cooperative, preemptive) 	context switch 	interrupt 	ipc 	process 	process control block 	real-time 	thread 	time-sharing 	scheduling algorithms	 	fixed-priority preemptive 	multilevel feedback queue 	round-robin 	shortest job next 	memory management, resource protection	 	bus error 	general protection fault 	memory protection 	paging 	protection ring 	segmentation fault 	virtual memory 	storage access, file systems	 	boot loader 	defragmentation 	device file 	file attribute 	inode 	journal 	partition 	virtual file system 	virtual tape library 	supporting concepts	 	api 	computer network 	hal 	live cd 	live usb 	os shell 	cli 	gui 	 d gui 	nui 	tui 	vui 	zui 	pxe 	authority control 	 	bnf: cb v (data) 	gnd: - 	lccn: sh retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=api&oldid= " 		categories: 	application programming interfaces 	technical communication hidden categories: 	articles with short description 	short description matches wikidata 	wikipedia articles with bnf identifiers 	wikipedia articles with gnd identifiers 	wikipedia articles with lccn identifiers 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		in other projects 	 	 			wikimedia commons 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			العربية 	asturianu 	azərbaycanca 	বাংলা 	Български 	boarisch 	bosanski 	català 	Čeština 	dansk 	deutsch 	eesti 	Ελληνικά 	español 	esperanto 	euskara 	فارسی 	français 	gaeilge 	galego 	한국어 	हिन्दी 	hrvatski 	bahasa indonesia 	italiano 	עברית 	ქართული 	latviešu 	lietuvių 	magyar 	മലയാളം 	bahasa melayu 	Монгол 	nederlands 	日本語 	nordfriisk 	norsk bokmål 	norsk nynorsk 	piemontèis 	polski 	português 	română 	Русский 	shqip 	simple english 	slovenčina 	slovenščina 	کوردی 	Српски / srpski 	srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски 	suomi 	svenska 	tagalog 	தமிழ் 	ไทย 	türkçe 	Українська 	tiếng việt 	吴语 	中文 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none brian deer classification system - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	brian deer classification system 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		the brian deer classification system (bdc) is a library classification system used to organize materials in libraries with specialized indigenous collections. the system was created in the s by canadian kahnawake mohawk librarian a. brian deer, and has been adapted for use by a small number of first nations libraries in canada.[ ] contents 	 history and usage 	 structure 	 references 	 external links history and usage[edit] deer designed his classification system while working in the library of the national indian brotherhood from to ; instead of using a standard library classification scheme, he created a new system to organize the library's historic research materials and papers.[ ] he went on to work at the cultural centre at kahnawake and the kahnawake branch branch of the mohawk nation office, creating new schemes for their collections.[ ] the new systems deer created were designed specifically for the materials in each collection according to the concerns of local indigenous people at the time (for example, categories included land claims, treaty rights, resource management, and elders' stories).[ ][ ] between and , the system was adapted for use in british columbia by gene joseph and keltie mccall while working at the union of british columbia indian chiefs.[ ] though the brian deer classification was not created as a universal classification solution for indigenous resources, the system has provided a foundation for specialized libraries to create their own localized classification schemes.[ ][ ]: variations of the brian deer classification system are used in a small number of canadian libraries.[ ] one prominent library using bdc is the x̱wi x̱wa library at the university of british columbia, which uses a british columbia-focused version of bdc along with first nations house of learning subject headings.[ ] the union of british columbia indian chiefs resource centre revised the bdc in , with the goal of providing users with a more flexible and culturally appropriate approach to organizing their resources.[ ] the aanischaaukamikw cree cultural institute in oujé-bougoumou, quebec implemented a local adaptation of bdc when they opened in .[ ][ ] in the carrier sekani tribal council in prince george, british columbia moved from organizing its library with the dewey decimal classification to a version of the bdc, adding new categories for topics of local interest such as the missing and murdered indigenous women epidemic.[ ] structure[edit] the organizational structure of bdc reflects a first nations worldview, with an emphasis on relationships between and among people, animals, and the land.[ ]: subcategories demonstrate the relationships among first nations by grouping them geographically as opposed to alphabetically, as is frequently used for specific topics in the library of congress classification.[ ]: [ ] the top-level hierarchy of the x̱wi x̱wa library adaptation of bdc demonstrates the emphasis on access to subjects prioritized by a first nation collection:[ ][ ]: 	reference materials 	local history 	history 	international 	education 	economic development 	housing and community development 	criminal justice system 	constitution (canada) and first nations 	self government 	rights and title 	natural resources 	community resources 	health 	world view 	fine arts 	languages 	literature the system is not designed to provide a comprehensive description of all topics of interest to north american indigenous peoples; in addition, its use is limited in scope, being intended for small and specialized libraries.[ ][ ]: while english is used in the classification scheme as a common language among first nations peoples and non-indigenous library users, indigenous spellings and terminology that local library users would expect to find are used to provide access.[ ]: [ ] short and easily remembered call numbers are used to facilitate use by both library workers and patrons, with the recognition that indigenous libraries often have a small staff and limited resources to devote to cataloging.[ ][ ]: beyond its simplicity, one potential drawback of the system is its shortage of clear guidelines for application, which provides flexibility but can also result in inconsistencies within and between library catalogs.[ ]: [ ]: because few libraries use the bdc and there are limited examples for use as case studies, implementing the system and keeping it up-to-date can prove a challenge for libraries with limited resources.[ ]: [ ]: however, x̱wi x̱wa library head librarian ann doyle describes the system as "an important part of the body of indigenous scholarship" that should be retained as a reflection of indigenous worldviews, as well as for ease of access for indigenous library users.[ ]: references[edit] 	^ a b c d doyle, ann m.; lawson, kimberley; dupont, sarah (december ). "indigenization of knowledge organization at the xwi xwa library". journal of library and information studies. ( ): . doi: . /jlis. . ( ). . retrieved march . 	^ a b c d e f g cherry, alissa; mukunda, keshav ( jul ). "a case study in indigenous classification: revisiting and reviving the brian deer scheme". cataloging & classification quarterly. ( – ): – . doi: . / . . . 	^ a b c swanson, raegan ( july ). "adapting the brian deer classification system for aanischaaukamikw cree cultural institute". cataloging & classification quarterly. ( – ): – . doi: . / . . . 	^ a b c d e f gilman, isaac (march ). from marginalization to accessibility: classification of indigenous materials (mlis). pacific university. retrieved february . 	^ bosum, annie; dunne, ashley ( oct ). "implementing the brian deer classification scheme for aanischaaukamikw cree cultural institute". collection management. ( – ): – . doi: . / . . . 	^ szeto, winston ( september ). "b.c. first nations council is moving to indigenous-developed library system". cbc news. retrieved october . 	^ lin, brian ( ). "stubbornness kept unique library open". raven's eye. ( ). retrieved february . 	^ "brian deer classification scheme" (pdf). xwi xwa library. retrieved february . 	^ a b c d e f tomren, holly ( ). "classification, bias, and american indian materials" (pdf). retrieved february . external links[edit] 	brian deer classification system as adapted by the x̱wi x̱wa library retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=brian_deer_classification_system&oldid= " 		categories: 	library cataloging and classification 	information science 	knowledge representation 	indigenous culture in canada 	indigenous education 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 		 		add links 	 		 this page was last edited on october , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 mouse-reeve (mouse reeve) · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 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pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences desire path - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	desire path 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		"desire lines" redirects here. for other uses, see desire lines (disambiguation). a typical desire path a desire path (often referred to as a desire line in transportation planning, and also known as a game trail, social trail, fishermen trail, herd path, cow path, elephant path, goat track, pig trail, use trail, and bootleg trail) is a path created as a consequence of erosion caused by human or animal foot traffic. the path usually represents the shortest or most easily navigated route between an origin and destination. the width and severity of erosion are often indicators of the traffic level that a path receives. desire paths emerge as shortcuts where constructed paths take a circuitous route, have gaps, or are non-existent. contents 	 parks and nature areas 	 . accommodation 	 other uses of the concept 	 see also 	 references 	 external links parks and nature areas[edit] clover indicates a desire path through a protected woodland and wildlife area at theydon bois in essex, england desire paths sometimes cut through sensitive habitats and exclusion zones, threatening wildlife and park security. however, they also provide park management with an indicator of activity concentration. in yosemite national park, the national park service uses these indicators to help guide its management plan.[ ] a desire path (right) merges with a footpath (center) in helsinki, finland trampling studies have consistently documented that impacts on soil and vegetation occur rapidly with initial use of desire paths. as few as passages over a site can be enough to create a distinct trail, the existence of which then attracts further use.[ ]: this finding contributed to the creation of the leave no trace education program, which instructs travelers in nature areas to either stay on designated trails or, when off trail, distribute their travel lines so as to not inadvertently create new trails in unsustainable locations.[ ] land managers have devised a variety of techniques to block the creation of desire paths, including fences, dense vegetation, and signage, though none are foolproof. modern trail design attempts to avoid the need for barriers and restrictions, by aligning trail layout and user desire through physical design and persuasive outreach .[ ]: accommodation[edit] landscapers sometimes accommodate desire paths by paving them, thereby integrating them into the official path network rather than blocking them.[ ][ ] sometimes, land planners have deliberately left land fully or partially unpathed, waiting to see what desire paths are created, and then paving those.[ ] in finland, planners are known to visit parks immediately after the first snowfall, when the existing paths are not visible.[ ][unreliable source?] the naturally chosen desire paths, marked by footprints, can then be used to guide the routing of new purpose-built paths. a desire path roped off for revegetation in brisbane, australia other uses of the concept[edit] images of desire paths have been employed as a metaphor for anarchism, intuitive design, individual creativity, and the wisdom of crowds.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] in urban planning, desire paths have been used to analyze traffic patterns for a given mode of travel. for example, the chicago area transportation study used desire paths to illustrate commuter choices regarding railroad and subway trips.[ ] in software design, the term is used to describe users' wide adoption of the same methods to overcome limitations in the software.[ ] for example, twitter has "paved" a number of desire paths by integrating them into the service, including @ replies, hashtags, and group discussions.[ ][ ] see also[edit] 	wayfinding 	sneckdown references[edit] 	^ lubell, mark. "esp lecture : national parks" (pdf). university of california, davis. 	^ a b hampton, bruce; cole, david ( ). soft paths: how to enjoy the wilderness without harming it. harrisburg, pa: stackpole books. isbn  - - - - . 	^ marion, jeffrey l.; reid, scott e. (january ). "development of the u.s. leave no trace program: an historical perspective" (pdf). leave no trace: center for outdoor ethics. 	^ a b kurt kohlstedt (january , ). "least resistance: how desire paths can lead to better design". % invisible. retrieved february , . 	^ bob spieldenner (august , ). "dirt paths on drillfield to be paved". virginia tech news. retrieved february , . 	^ "earls court project application : the st century high street" (pdf). june . 	^ myhill, carl ( ), "commercial success by looking for desire lines" (pdf), in masodian, m; jones, s; rogers, b (eds.), th asia pacific computer-human interaction conference (apchi ), rotorua, new zealand: springer-verlag 	^ lidwell, william; holden, katrina; butler, jill ( ). universal principles of design: ways to enhance usability, influence perception, increase appeal, make better design decisions, and teach through design. rockport publishers. isbn  - - - - . 	^ norman, donald ( ). living with complexity. the mit press. isbn  - - - - . 	^ throgmorton, james; eckstein, barbara. "desire lines: the chicago area transportation study and the paradox of self in post-war america". the cities project. archived from the original on july . retrieved may . 	^ "wgbh: a cape cod notebook - desire lines by robert finch". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ nichols, laura ( ). "social desire paths: a new theoretical concept to increase the usability of social science research in society". theory & society. ( ): – . doi: . /s - - - . 	^ state of illinois. ( ) "chicago area transportation study" p. . state of illinois, springfield, il. retrieved march from paul v. galvin library, illinois institute of technology. 	^ malone, erin; crumlish, christian. "pave the cowpaths". designing social interfaces. retrieved may . 	^ honeycutt, c; herring, s c ( ). "beyond microblogging: conversation and collaboration via twitter". proceedings of the nd hawai'i international conference on system sciences: – . citeseerx  . . . . . doi: . /hicss. . . isbn  - - - - . 	^ draucker, fawn; collister, lauren ( - - ). "managing participation through modal affordances on twitter". open library of humanities. ( ). doi: . /olh. . issn  - . external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to desire paths. 		look up desire line or desire path in wiktionary, the free dictionary. 	wordspy: desire line 	desire paths 	desire path subreddit 	tom hulme's ted talk on using desire paths for better design and user experience 	authority control 	 	gnd: - retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=desire_path&oldid= " 		categories: 	footpaths 	cycling infrastructure 	garden features 	landscape architecture 	parks 	pedestrian infrastructure 	psychogeography 	trails 	transportation planning 	types of thoroughfares 	urban design hidden categories: 	all articles lacking reliable references 	articles lacking reliable references from july 	commons category link is on wikidata 	wikipedia articles with gnd identifiers 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		in other projects 	 	 			wikimedia commons 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			العربية 	Čeština 	deutsch 	español 	esperanto 	français 	nederlands 	日本語 	plattdüütsch 	suomi 	türkçe 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 github - github/dmca: repository with text of dmca takedown notices as received. github does not endorse or adopt any assertion contained in the following notices. users identified in the notices are presumed innocent until proven guilty. additional information about our dmca policy can be found at skip to content sign up 	 why github? 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hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to positional cloning and characterization of the mouse pudgy locus (kusumi, kenro; ) read it a cancer screen in zebrafish identifies many ribosomal proteins as haploinsufficient tumor suppressors lai, kevin ( ) 	 advisors: jacqueline a. lees; nancy hopkins 	 department of biology read it developmental transitions of germ cell lineage of the mouse baltus, andrew edmund ( ) 	 advisor: david c. page 	 department of biology read it transcriptional regulators of nestin in the rat central nervous system josephson, richard eric ( ) 	 advisor: ronald d.g. mckay 	 department of biology read it positional cloning of nude, a fork head transcription factor : genetic, physical and transcriptional maps of the region and mutations in the mouse and rat segrè, julia angela ( ) 	 advisor: eric s. lander 	 department of biology read it genetic dissection of germ cell migration and the distinction between gonadal mesoderm and fat body development in drosophila moore, lisa a. (lisa anne), - ( ) 	 advisor: dr. ruth lehmann 	 department of biology read it use of a pseudotyped retoviral vector to accomplish insertional mutagenesis in zebrafish amsterdam, adam (adam henry), - ( ) 	 advisor: nancy hopkins 	 department of biology read it analysis of metazoan dna replication initiation using drosophila gene amplification as a model system kim, jane christina ( ) 	 advisor: terry l. orr-weaver 	 department of biology read it germ cell nuclear factor is not required for the down-regulation of pluripotency markers in fetal ovarian germ cells okumura, leah m ( ) 	 advisor: david c page 	 department of biology read it the genomic and genetic basis of mammalian sexual reproduction : sequence of the mouse y chromosome, and a gene regulatory program for meiotic prophase soh, ying qi shirleen ( ) 	 advisor: david c. page 	 department of biology read it oncogenic mutation of gnaq/ disrupts melanocyte biology in a zebrafish model of uveal melanoma pérez, dahlia e ( ) 	 advisor: jacqueline a. lees 	 department of biology read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. musicbrainz - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	musicbrainz 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		online music metadata database musicbrainz	 	musicbrainz homepage 	type of site 	online music encyclopedia[ ] 	available in	english 	owner	metabrainz foundation 	created by	robert kaye 	url	musicbrainz.org 	commercial	no 	registration	optional (required for editing data) 	users	~ , active ever[ ] 	launched	july  , ;  years ago ( - - )[ ] 	current status	online 	content license 	part creative commons zero (open data) and part cc-by-nc-sa (not open); commercial licensing available 	written in	perl with postgresql database musicbrainz is a project which aims to create a collaborative music database that is similar to the freedb project. musicbrainz was founded in response to the restrictions placed on the compact disc database (cddb), a database for software applications to look up audio cd information on the internet. musicbrainz has expanded its goals to reach beyond a cd metadata (this is information about the performers, artists, songwriters, etc.) storehouse to become a structured online database for music.[ ][ ] musicbrainz captures information about artists, their recorded works, and the relationships between them. recorded works entries capture at a minimum the album title, track titles, and the length of each track. these entries are maintained by volunteer editors who follow community written style guidelines. recorded works can also store information about the release date and country, the cd id, cover art, acoustic fingerprint, free-form annotation text and other metadata. as of september  [update], musicbrainz contained information on roughly . million artists, . million releases, and million recordings.[ ] end-users can use software that communicates with musicbrainz to add metadata tags to their digital media files, such as alac, flac, mp , ogg vorbis or aac. contents 	 cover art archive 	 fingerprinting 	 . proprietary services 	 . acoustid and chromaprint 	 licensing 	 client software 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links cover art archive[edit] musicbrainz allows contributors to upload cover art images of releases to the database; these images are hosted by cover art archive (caa), a joint project between internet archive and musicbrainz started in . internet archive provides the bandwidth, storage and legal protection for hosting the images, while musicbrainz stores metadata and provides public access through the web and via an api for third parties to use. as with other contributions, the musicbrainz community is in charge of maintaining and reviewing the data.[ ] cover art is also provided for items on sale at amazon.com and some other online resources, but caa is now preferred because it gives the community more control and flexibility for managing the images. fingerprinting[edit] besides collecting metadata about music, musicbrainz also allows looking up recordings by their acoustic fingerprint. a separate application, such as musicbrainz picard, must be used for this. proprietary services[edit] in , musicbrainz started using relatable's patented trm (a recursive acronym for trm recognizes music) for acoustic fingerprint matching. this feature attracted many users and allowed the database to grow quickly. however, by trm was showing scalability issues as the number of tracks in the database had reached into the millions. this issue was resolved in may when musicbrainz partnered with musicip (now amplifind), replacing trm with musicdns.[ ] trms were phased out and replaced by musicdns in november . in october musicip was acquired by amplifind.[ ] some time after the acquisition, the musicdns service began having intermittent problems. acoustid and chromaprint[edit] since the future of the free identification service was uncertain, a replacement for it was sought. the chromaprint acoustic fingerprinting algorithm, the basis for acoustid identification service, was started in february by a long-time musicbrainz contributor lukáš lalinský.[ ] while acoustid and chromaprint are not officially musicbrainz projects, they are closely tied with each other and both are open source. chromaprint works by analyzing the first two minutes of a track, detecting the strength in each of pitch classes, storing these times per second. additional post-processing is then applied to compress this fingerprint while retaining patterns.[ ] the acoustid search server then searches from the database of fingerprints by similarity and returns the acoustid identifier along with musicbrainz recording identifiers if known. licensing[edit] since ,[ ] musicbrainz's core data (artists, recordings, releases, and so on) are in the public domain, and additional content, including moderation data (essentially every original content contributed by users and its elaborations), is placed under the creative commons cc-by-nc-sa- . license.[ ] the relational database management system is postgresql. the server software is covered by the gnu general public license. the musicbrainz client software library, libmusicbrainz, is licensed under the gnu lesser general public license, which allows use of the code by proprietary software products. in december , the musicbrainz project was turned over to the metabrainz foundation, a non-profit group, by its creator robert kaye.[ ] on january , the first commercial venture to use musicbrainz data was the barcelona, spain-based linkara in their linkara música service.[ ] on june , bbc announced that it had licensed musicbrainz's live data feed to augment their music web pages. the bbc online music editors would also join the musicbrainz community to contribute their knowledge to the database.[ ] on july , the beta of the new bbc music site was launched, which publishes a page for each musicbrainz artist.[ ][ ] client software[edit] 	amarok – kde audio player 	banshee – multi-platform audio player 	beets – automatic cli music tagger/organiser for unix-like systems 	clementine – multi-platform audio player 	cdex – microsoft windows cd ripper 	demlo – a dynamic and extensible music manager using a cli 	ieatbrainz – mac os x, deprecated 	foo_musicbrainz component for foobar – music library/pudio player 	jaikoz – java mass tag editor 	max – mac os x cd ripper and audio transcoder 	mp tag – windows metadata editor and music organizer 	musicbrainz picard – cross-platform album-oriented tag editor 	musicbrainz tagger – deprecated microsoft windows tag editor 	puddletag – a tag editor for pyqt under the gplv 	rhythmbox music player – an audio player for unix-like systems 	sound juicer – gnome cd ripper 	zortam mp media studio – windows music organizer and id tag editor freedb clients could also access musicbrainz data through the freedb protocol by using the musicbrainz to freedb gateway service, mb freedb. the gateway was shutdown on march , .[ ] see also[edit] 	list of online music databases references[edit] 	^ "about". musicbrainz. metabrainz. archived from the original on - - . retrieved may . 	^ a b "database statistics". musicbrainz. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "whois lookup". icann. archived from the original on - - . retrieved march . 	^ highfield, ashley. "keynote speech given at iea future of broadcasting conference archived - - at the wayback machine", bbc press office, - - . retrieved on - - . 	^ swartz, a. ( ). "musicbrainz: a semantic web service" (pdf). ieee intelligent systems. : – . doi: . / . . archived (pdf) from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ fabian scherschel ( october ). "musicbrainz and internet archive create cover art database". the h. archived from the original on december . 	^ "new fingerprinting technology available now!" (press release). musicbrainz community blog. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ amplifind music services: news archived - - at the wayback machine 	^ "introducing chromaprint – lukáš lalinský". oxygene.sk. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ jang, dalwon; yoo, chang d; lee, sunil; kim, sungwoong; kalker, ton ( - - ). "how does chromaprint work? – lukáš lalinský". ieee transactions on information forensics and security. ( ): – . doi: . /tifs. . . s cid  . retrieved - - . 	^ "musicbrainz licenses". archived from the original on april , . retrieved - - .cs maint: bot: original-url status unknown (link) 	^ musicbrainz license as of - - . 	^ kaye, robert ( - - ). "the metabrainz foundation launches!" (press release). musicbrainz community blog. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ kaye, robert ( - - ). "introducing: linkara musica". musicbrainz. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ kaye, robert ( - - ). "the bbc partners with musicbrainz for music metadata". musicbrainz. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ shorter, matthew ( - - ). "bbc music artist pages beta". bbc. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ musicbrainz and the bbc archived - - at the wayback machine as of - - 	^ "freedb gateway: end of life notice, march , ". metabrainz blog. - - . retrieved - - . further reading[edit] 	making metadata: the case of musicbrainz. jess hemerly. master's project at uc berkeley. . external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to musicbrainz. 	official website 	cover art archive – official site 	musicbrainz info at the bbc music site 		v 	t 	e authority control files 	aag • acm dl • adb • agsa • autores.uy • awr • balat • bibsys • bildindex • bnc • bne • bnf • botanist • bpn • cantic • cinii • cwgc • daao • dblp • dsi • fnza • gnd • hds • iaaf • iccu • icia • isni • joconde • kulturnav • lccn • lir • lnb • léonore • mba • mgp • nara • nbl • ndl • ngv • nkc • nla • nlg • nli • nlk • nlp • nlr • nsk • nta • orcid • pic • researcherid • rero • rkd • rkdimages id • rsl • selibr • sikart • snac • sudoc • s authorid • ta • tdvİa • te • tepapa • th • tls • trove • ukparl • ulan • us congress • vcba • viaf • worldcat identities retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=musicbrainz&oldid= " 		categories: 	musicbrainz 	acoustic fingerprinting 	free-content websites 	library . 	library cataloging and classification 	metadata registry 	multilingual websites 	online music and lyrics databases 	tag editors that use qt 	american online encyclopedias hidden categories: 	webarchive template wayback links 	cs maint: bot: original-url status unknown 	articles with short description 	short description matches wikidata 	articles containing potentially dated statements from september 	all articles containing potentially dated statements 	commons category link from wikidata 	official website different in wikidata and wikipedia 	ac with elements 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		in other projects 	 	 			wikimedia commons 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			afrikaans 	العربية 	বাংলা 	bân-lâm-gú 	भोजपुरी 	Български 	català 	Čeština 	dansk 	deutsch 	eesti 	Ελληνικά 	español 	esperanto 	فارسی 	français 	gàidhlig 	galego 	한국어 	हिन्दी 	hrvatski 	ilokano 	bahasa indonesia 	Íslenska 	italiano 	עברית 	ქართული 	magyar 	Македонски 	مصرى 	bahasa melayu 	nederlands 	日本語 	nordfriisk 	norsk bokmål 	polski 	português 	română 	Русский 	shqip 	simple english 	slovenčina 	slovenščina 	Српски / srpski 	srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски 	suomi 	svenska 	ไทย 	türkçe 	Українська 	tiếng việt 	中文 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none berkeley risc - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	berkeley risc 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		research project into risc-based microprocessor design berkeley risc is one of two seminal research projects into risc-based microprocessor design taking place under arpa's vlsi project. risc was led by david patterson (who coined the term risc) at the university of california, berkeley between and .[ ] the other project took place a short distance away at stanford university under their mips effort starting in and running until . berkeley's project was so successful that it became the name for all similar designs to follow; even the mips would become known as a "risc processor". the berkeley risc design was later commercialized by sun microsystems as the sparc architecture, and inspired the arm architecture.[ ] contents 	 the risc concept 	 risc i 	 risc ii 	 follow-ons 	 see also 	 notes 	 references the risc concept[edit] main article: reduced instruction set computing both risc and mips were developed from the realization that the vast majority of programs did not use the vast majority of a processor's instructions. in one calculation[by whom?] it was found that the entire unix system, when compiled, used only % of the available instructions on the motorola . much of the circuitry in the cpu was dedicated to decoding these instructions which were never being used. the risc idea was to include only those instructions that were really used, using the space that had been used for the removed circuitry for other circuits that would speed the system up instead. to do this, risc concentrated on adding many more registers, small bits of memory holding temporary values that can be accessed very rapidly. this contrasts with normal main memory, which might take several cycles to access. by providing more registers, and making sure the compilers actually used them, programs should run much faster. additionally, the speed of the processor would be more closely defined by its clock speed, because less of its time would be spent waiting for memory accesses. transistor for transistor, a risc design would outperform a conventional cpu, hopefully by a lot. on the downside, the instructions being removed were generally performing several "sub-instructions". for instance, the add instruction of a traditional design would generally come in several flavours, one that added the numbers in two registers and placed it in a third, another that added numbers found in main memory and put the result in a register, etc. the risc designs, on the other hand, included only a single flavour of any particular instruction, the add, for instance, would always use registers for all operands. this forced the programmer to write additional instructions to load the values from memory, if needed, making a risc program "less dense". in the era of expensive memory this was a real concern, notably because memory was also much slower than the cpu. since a risc design's add would actually require four instructions (two loads, an add, and a save), the machine would have to do much more memory access to read the extra instructions, potentially slowing it down considerably. this was offset to some degree by the fact that the new designs used what was then a very large instruction word of -bits, allowing small constants to be folded directly into the instruction instead of having to be loaded separately. additionally, the results of one operation are often used soon after by another, so by skipping the write to memory and storing the result in a register, the program did not end up much larger, and could in theory run much faster. for instance, a string of instructions carrying out a series of mathematical operations might require only a few loads from memory, while the majority of the numbers being used would be either constants in the instructions themselves or intermediate values left in the registers from previous calculations. in a sense, in this technique some registers are used to "shadow" memory locations, so that the registers are used as proxies for the memory locations until their final values after a group of instructions have been determined. to the casual observer, it was not clear that the risc concept would improve performance, and it might even make it worse. the only way to be sure was to simulate it. the results of such simulations were clear; in test after test, every simulation showed an enormous overall benefit in performance from this design. where the two projects, risc and mips, differed was in the handling of the registers. mips simply added lots of registers and left it to the compilers (or assembly-language programmers) to make use of them. risc, on the other hand, added circuitry to the cpu to "help" the compiler. risc used the concept of register windows, in which the entire "register file" was broken down into blocks, allowing the compiler to "see" one block for global variables, and another for local variables. the idea was to make one particularly common instruction, the procedure call, extremely easy to implement. almost all computer languages use a system known as an activation record or stack frame for each procedure which contains the address from which the procedure was called, the data (parameters) that were passed in, and space for any result values that need to be returned. in the vast majority of cases these frames are small, typically with three or fewer inputs and one or no outputs (and sometimes an input is reused as an output). in the berkeley design, then, a register window was a set of several registers, enough of them that the entire procedure stack frame would most likely fit entirely within the register window. in this case, the call into and return from a procedure is simple and extremely fast. a single instruction is called to set up a new block of registers—a new register window—and then, with operands passed into the procedure in the "low end" of the new window, the program jumps into the procedure. on return, the results are placed in the window at the same end, and the procedure exits. the register windows are set up to overlap at the ends, so that the results from the call simply "appear" in the window of the caller, with no data having to be copied. thus the common procedure call does not have to interact with main memory, greatly accelerating it. on the downside, this approach means that procedures with large numbers of local variables are problematic, and ones with fewer lead to registers—an expensive resource—being wasted. there are a finite number of register windows in the design, e.g. eight, so procedures can only be nested that many levels deep before the register windowing mechanism reaches its limit; once the last window is reached, no new window can be set up for another nested call. and if procedures are only nested a few levels deep, registers in the windows above the deepest call nesting level can never be accessed at all, so these are completely wasted. it was stanford's work on compilers that led them to ignore the register window concept, believing that an efficient compiler could make better use of the registers than a fixed system in hardware. (the same reasoning would apply for a smart assembly-language programmer.) risc i[edit] the first attempt to implement the risc concept was originally known as gold. work on the design started in as part of a vlsi design course, but the then-complicated design crashed almost all existing design tools. the team had to spend considerable amounts of time improving or re-writing the tools, and even with these new tools it took just under an hour to extract the design on a vax- / . the final design, known as risc i, was published in acm isca in . it had , transistors implementing instructions and a register file containing -bit registers. this allowed for six register windows containing registers. of those registers, were overlapped from the previous window. the total is then: * registers in windows + globals = registers total. the control and instruction decode section occupied only % of the die, whereas the typical design of the era used about % for the same role. the register file took up most of that space.[ ] risc i also featured a two-stage instruction pipeline for additional speed, but without the complex instruction re-ordering of more modern designs. this makes conditional branches a problem, because the compiler has to fill the instruction following a conditional branch (the so-called "branch delay slot"), with something selected to be "safe" (i.e., not dependent on the outcome of the conditional). sometimes the only suitable instruction in this case is nop. a notable number of later risc-style designs still require the consideration of branch delay. after a month of validation and debugging, the design was sent to the innovative mosis service for production on june , , using a μm ( ,  nm) process. a variety of delays forced them to abandon their masks four separate times, and wafers with working examples did not arrive back at berkeley until may . the first working risc i "computer" (actually a checkout board) ran on june . in testing, the chips proved to have lesser performance than expected. in general, an instruction would take μs to complete, while the original design allotted for about . µs (five times as fast). the precise reasons for this problem were never fully explained. however, throughout testing it was clear that certain instructions did run at the expected speed, suggesting the problem was physical, not logical. had the design worked at full speed, performance would have been excellent. simulations using a variety of small programs compared the  mhz risc i to the  mhz -bit vax / and the  mhz -bit zilog z showed this clearly. program size was about % larger than the vax but very close to that of the z , validating the argument that the higher code density of cisc designs was not actually all that impressive in reality. in terms of overall performance, the risc i was twice as fast as the vax, and about four times that of the z . the programs ended up performing about the same overall amount of memory access because the large register file dramatically improved the odds the needed operand was already on-chip. it is important to put this performance in context. even though the risc design had run slower than the vax, it made no difference to the importance of the design. risc allowed for the production of a true -bit processor on a real chip die using what was already an older fab. traditional designs simply could not do this; with so much of the chip surface dedicated to decoder logic, a true -bit design like the motorola required newer fabs before becoming practical. using the same fabs, risc i could have largely outperformed the competition. on february , , ieee installed a plaque at uc berkeley to commemorate the contribution of risc-i.[ ] the plaque reads: 	uc berkeley students designed and built the first vlsi reduced instruction-set computer in . the simplified instructions of risc-i reduced the hardware for instruction decode and control, which enabled a flat -bit address space, a large set of registers, and pipelined execution. a good match to c programs and the unix operating system, risc-i influenced instruction sets widely used today, including those for game consoles, smartphones and tablets. risc ii[edit] while the risc i design ran into delays, work at berkeley had already turned to the new blue design. work on blue progressed slower than gold, due both to the lack of a pressing need now that gold was going to fab, as well as changeovers in the classes and students staffing the effort. this pace also allowed them to add in several new features that would end up improving the design considerably. the key difference was simpler cache circuitry that eliminated one line per bit (from three to two), dramatically shrinking the register file size. the change also required much tighter bus timing, but this was a small price to pay and in order to meet the needs several other parts of the design were sped up as well. the savings due to the new design were tremendous. whereas gold contained a total of registers in windows, blue contained registers broken into windows of registers each, with another globals. this expansion of the register file increases the chance that a given procedure can fit all of its local storage in registers, as well as increasing the nesting depth. nevertheless, the larger register file required fewer transistors, and the final blue design, fabbed as risc ii, implemented all of the risc instruction set with only , transistors. the other major change was to include an "instruction-format expander", which invisibly "up-converted" -bit instructions into a -bit format. this allowed smaller instructions, typically things with one or no operands, like nop, to be stored in memory in a smaller -bit format, and for two such instructions to be packed into a single machine word. the instructions would be invisibly expanded back to -bit versions before they reached the alu, meaning that no changes were needed in the core logic. this simple technique yielded a surprising % improvement in code density, making an otherwise identical program on blue run faster than on gold due to the decreased number of memory accesses. risc ii proved to be much more successful in silicon and in testing outperformed almost all minicomputers on almost all tasks. for instance, performance ranged from % of vax speed to % on a variety of loads. risc ii was also benched against the famous motorola , then considered to be the best commercial chip implementation, and outperformed it by % to %. follow-ons[edit] work on the original risc designs ended with risc ii, but the concept itself lived on at berkeley. the basic core was re-used in soar in , basically a risc converted to run smalltalk (in the same way that it could be claimed risc ran c), and later in the similar vlsi-bam that ran prolog instead of smalltalk. another effort was spur, which was a full set of chips needed to build a complete -bit workstation. risc is less famous, but more influential, for being the basis of the commercial sparc processor design from sun microsystems. it was the sparc that first clearly demonstrated the power of the risc concept; when they shipped in the first sun- s they outperformed anything on the market. this led to virtually every unix vendor hurrying for a risc design of their own, leading to designs like the dec alpha and pa-risc, while sgi purchased mips computer systems. by , most large chip vendors followed, working on efforts like the motorola , fairchild clipper, amd and the powerpc. on february , , ieee installed a plaque at oracle corporation in santa clara.[ ] it reads 	sun microsystems introduced sparc (scalable processor architecture) risc (reduced instruction-set computing) in . building upon uc berkeley risc and sun compiler and operating system developments, sparc architecture was highly adaptable to evolving semiconductor, software, and system technology and user needs. the architecture delivered the highest performance, scalable workstations and servers, for engineering, business, internet, and cloud computing applications. techniques developed for and alongside the idea of the reduced instruction set have also been adopted in successively more powerful implementations and extensions of the traditional "complex" x architecture. much of a modern microprocessor's transistor count is devoted to large caches, many pipeline stages, superscalar instruction dispatch, branch prediction and other modern techniques which are applicable regardless of instruction architecture. the amount of silicon dedicated to instruction decoding on a modern x implementation is proportionately quite small, so the distinction between "complex" and risc processor implementations has become blurred. see also[edit] 	risc-v 	power isa notes[edit] 	^ reilly, edwin d. ( ). milestones in computer science and information technology. p.  . isbn  . 	^ chisnal, david ( - - ). "understanding arm architectures". informit. retrieved october . 	^ james b. peek ( - - ). "the vlsi circuitry of risc i" (pdf). university of california at berkeley berkeley, ca, usa. pp.  / . 	^ "memorabilia [risc-i reunion]". risc.berkeley.edu. retrieved - - . 	^ gee, kelvin. "oracle to receive ieee milestone award for sparc risc architecture". blogs.oracle.com. retrieved - - . references[edit] 	'design and implementation of risc i' - original journal article by c.h. sequin and d.a.patterson 	berkeley risc ii 	tabak, daniel ( ). risc architecture. research studies press. pp.  – . 		v 	t 	e reduced instruction set computer (risc) architectures 	 	ibm 	berkeley risc 	stanford mips 	active	 	analog devices blackfin 	arc 	arm 	avr 	esi-risc 	latticemico 	latticemico 	mips 	openrisc 	power isa 	renesas m r 	renesas superh 	renesas v 	risc-v 	sunway 	sparc 	unicore 	xilinx microblaze 	xilinx picoblaze 	historic	 	alpha 	amd am 	apollo prism 	atmel avr 	clipper 	crisp 	dec prism 	intel i 	intel i 	meta 	mips-x 	motorola 	motorola m·core 	pa-risc 	romp 	power 	powerpc retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=berkeley_risc&oldid= " 		categories: 	university of california, berkeley 	central processing unit 	instruction processing hidden categories: 	articles with short description 	short description matches wikidata 	articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from may 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎ 	deutsch 	فارسی 	italiano 	magyar 	norsk bokmål 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on july , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 mips architecture - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	mips architecture 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		instruction set architecture mips	designer	mips technologies, imagination technologies 	bits	 -bit ( → ) 	introduced	 ;  years ago ( ) 	version	mips / release ( ) 	design	risc 	type	register-register 	encoding	fixed 	branching	compare and branch 	endianness	bi 	page size	  kb 	extensions	mdmx, mips- d 	open	partly. the r processor has been on the market for more than years and so cannot be subject to patent claims. therefore, the r and older processors are fully open. 	registers 	general purpose	 	floating point	 mips (microprocessor without interlocked pipelined stages)[ ] is a reduced instruction set computer (risc) instruction set architecture (isa)[ ]:a- [ ]: developed by mips computer systems, now mips technologies, based in the united states. there are multiple versions of mips: including mips i, ii, iii, iv, and v; as well as five releases of mips / (for - and -bit implementations, respectively). the early mips architectures were -bit only; -bit versions were developed later. as of april , the current version of mips is mips / release .[ ][ ] mips / primarily differs from mips i–v by defining the privileged kernel mode system control coprocessor in addition to the user mode architecture. the mips architecture has several optional extensions. mips- d which is a simple set of floating-point simd instructions dedicated to common d tasks,[ ] mdmx (madmax) which is a more extensive integer simd instruction set using the -bit floating-point registers, mips e which adds compression to the instruction stream to make programs take up less room,[ ] and mips mt, which adds multithreading capability.[ ] computer architecture courses in universities and technical schools often study the mips architecture.[ ] the architecture greatly influenced later risc architectures such as alpha. contents 	 history 	 design 	 versions 	 . mips i 	 . . registers 	 . . instruction formats 	 . . cpu instructions 	 . mips ii 	 . mips iii 	 . mips iv 	 . mips v 	 . mips /mips 	 . micromips 	 application-specific extensions 	 calling conventions 	 uses 	 simulators 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links history[edit] 		this section needs expansion. you can help by adding to it. (february ) see also: mips technologies the first version of the mips architecture was designed by mips computer systems for its r microprocessor, the first mips implementation. both mips and the r were introduced together in .[citation needed] when mips ii was introduced, mips was renamed mips i to distinguish it from the new version.[ ]: mips computer systems' r microprocessor ( ) was the first mips ii implementation.[ ]: designed for servers, the r was fabricated and sold by bipolar integrated technology, but was a commercial failure. during the mid- s, many new -bit mips processors for embedded systems were mips ii implementations because the introduction of the -bit mips iii architecture in left mips ii as the newest -bit mips architecture until mips was introduced in .a[ ]: mips computer systems' r microprocessor ( ) was the first mips iii implementation. it was designed for use in personal, workstation, and server computers. mips computer systems aggressively promoted the mips architecture and r , establishing the advanced computing environment (ace) consortium to advance its advanced risc computing (arc) standard, which aimed to establish mips as the dominant personal computing platform. arc found little success in personal computers, but the r (and the r derivative) were widely used in workstation and server computers, especially by its largest user, silicon graphics. other uses of the r included high-end embedded systems and supercomputers. mips iii was eventually implemented by a number of embedded microprocessors. quantum effect design's r ( ) and its derivatives was widely used in high-end embedded systems and low-end workstations and servers. mips technologies' r ( ), was designed for embedded systems, laptop, and personal computers. a derivative, the r i, fabricated by nec electronics, was used in the nintendo game console. the nintendo , along with the playstation, were among the highest volume users of mips architecture processors in the mid- s. the first mips iv implementation was the mips technologies r microprocessor chipset ( ). the design of the r began at silicon graphics, inc. and it was only used in high-end workstations and servers for scientific and technical applications where high performance on large floating-point workloads was important. later implementations were the mips technologies r ( ) and the quantum effect devices r ( ) and rm ( ). the r , fabricated and sold by nec electronics and toshiba, and its derivatives were used by nec, pyramid technology, silicon graphics, inc., and tandem computers (among others) in workstations, servers, and supercomputers. the r and r found use in high-end embedded systems, personal computers, and low-end workstations and servers. a derivative of the r from toshiba, the r , was used in sony computer entertainment's emotion engine, which powered its playstation game console. announced on october , at the microprocessor forum alongside the mips digital media extensions (mdmx) extension, mips v was designed to improve the performance of d graphics transformations.[ ] in the mid- s, a major use of non-embedded mips microprocessors were graphics workstations from sgi. mips v was completed by the integer-only mdmx extension to provide a complete system for improving the performance of d graphics applications.[ ] mips v implementations were never introduced. on may , , sgi announced the "h " ("beast") and "h " ("capitan") microprocessors. the former was to have been the first mips v implementation, and was due to be introduced in the first half of .[ ] the "h " and "h " projects were later combined and were eventually canceled in . while there have not been any mips v implementations, mips release ( ) was based on mips v and retains all of its features as an optional coprocessor (fpu) feature called paired-single. when mips technologies was spun-out of silicon graphics in , it refocused on the embedded market. up to mips v, each successive version was a strict superset of the previous version, but this property was found to be a problem,[citation needed] and the architecture definition was changed to define a -bit and a -bit architecture: mips and mips . both were introduced in .[ ] mips is based on mips ii with some additional features from mips iii, mips iv, and mips v; mips is based on mips v.[ ] nec, toshiba and sibyte (later acquired by broadcom) each obtained licenses for mips as soon as it was announced. philips, lsi logic, idt, raza microelectronics, inc., cavium, loongson technology and ingenic semiconductor have since joined them. mips /mips release was announced on december , .[ ] release was skipped because the number four is perceived as unlucky in many asian cultures.[ ] in december , wave computing, the new owner of the mips architecture, announced that mips isa would be open-sourced in a program dubbed the mips open initiative.[ ] the program was intended to open up access to the most recent versions of both the -bit and -bit designs making them available without any licensing or royalty fees as well as granting participants licenses to existing mips patents.[ ][ ][ ] in march , one version of the architecture was made available under a royalty-free license,[ ] but later that year the program was shut down again.[ ] design[edit] 		this section needs expansion. you can help by adding to it. (february ) mips is a modular architecture supporting up to four coprocessors (cp / / / ). in mips terminology, cp is the system control coprocessor (an essential part of the processor that is implementation-defined in mips i–v), cp is an optional floating-point unit (fpu) and cp / are optional implementation-defined coprocessors (mips iii removed cp and reused its opcodes for other purposes). for example, in the playstation video game console, cp is the geometry transformation engine (gte), which accelerates the processing of geometry in d computer graphics. versions[edit] mips i[edit] mips is a load/store architecture (also known as a register-register architecture); except for the load/store instructions used to access memory, all instructions operate on the registers. registers[edit] mips i has thirty-two -bit general-purpose registers (gpr). register $ is hardwired to zero and writes to it are discarded. register $ is the link register. for integer multiplication and division instructions, which run asynchronously from other instructions, a pair of -bit registers, hi and lo, are provided. there is a small set of instructions for copying data between the general-purpose registers and the hi/lo registers. the program counter has bits. the two low-order bits always contain zero since mips i instructions are bits long and are aligned to their natural word boundaries. instruction formats[edit] instructions are divided into three types: r, i and j. every instruction starts with a -bit opcode. in addition to the opcode, r-type instructions specify three registers, a shift amount field, and a function field; i-type instructions specify two registers and a -bit immediate value; j-type instructions follow the opcode with a -bit jump target.[ ]:a- the following are the three formats used for the core instruction set: 	type	- -                                 format (bits)                                 - - 	r	opcode ( )	rs ( )	rt ( )	rd ( )	shamt ( )	funct ( ) 	i	opcode ( )	rs ( )	rt ( )	immediate ( ) 	j	opcode ( )	address ( ) cpu instructions[edit] mips i has instructions that load and store -bit bytes, -bit halfwords, and -bit words. only one addressing mode is supported: base + displacement. since mips i is a -bit architecture, loading quantities fewer than bits requires the datum to be either signed- or zero-extended to bits. the load instructions suffixed by "unsigned" perform zero extension; otherwise sign extension is performed. load instructions source the base from the contents of a gpr (rs) and write the result to another gpr (rt). store instructions source the base from the contents of a gpr (rs) and the store data from another gpr (rt). all load and store instructions compute the memory address by summing the base with the sign-extended -bit immediate. mips i requires all memory accesses to be aligned to their natural word boundaries, otherwise an exception is signaled. to support efficient unaligned memory accesses, there are load/store word instructions suffixed by "left" or "right". all load instructions are followed by a load delay slot. the instruction in the load delay slot cannot use the data loaded by the load instruction. the load delay slot can be filled with an instruction that is not dependent on the load; a nop is substituted if such an instruction cannot be found. mips i has instructions to perform addition and subtraction. these instructions source their operands from two gprs (rs and rt), and write the result to a third gpr (rd). alternatively, addition can source one of the operands from a -bit immediate (which is sign-extended to bits). the instructions for addition and subtraction have two variants: by default, an exception is signaled if the result overflows; instructions with the "unsigned" suffix do not signal an exception. the overflow check interprets the result as a -bit two's complement integer. mips i has instructions to perform bitwise logical and, or, xor, and nor. these instructions source their operands from two gprs and write the result to a third gpr. the and, or, and xor instructions can alternatively source one of the operands from a -bit immediate (which is zero-extended to bits). the set on relation instructions write one or zero to the destination register if the specified relation is true or false. these instructions source their operands from two gprs or one gpr and a -bit immediate (which is sign-extended to bits), and write the result to a third gpr. by default, the operands are interpreted as signed integers. the variants of these instructions that are suffixed with "unsigned" interpret the operands as unsigned integers (even those that source an operand from the sign-extended -bit immediate). the load immediate upper instruction copies the -bit immediate into the high-order bits of a gpr. it is used in conjunction with the or immediate instruction to load a -bit immediate into a register. mips i has instructions to perform left and right logical shifts and right arithmetic shifts. the operand is obtained from a gpr (rt), and the result is written to another gpr (rd). the shift distance is obtained from either a gpr (rs) or a -bit "shift amount" (the "sa" field). mips i has instructions for signed and unsigned integer multiplication and division. these instructions source their operands from two gprs and write their results to a pair of -bit registers called hi and lo, since they may execute separately from (and concurrently with) the other cpu instructions. for multiplication, the high- and low-order halves of the -bit product is written to hi and lo (respectively). for division, the quotient is written to lo and the remainder to hi. to access the results, a pair of instructions (move from hi and move from lo) is provided to copy the contents of hi or lo to a gpr. these instructions are interlocked: reads of hi and lo do not proceed past an unfinished arithmetic instruction that will write to hi and lo. another pair of instructions (move to hi or move to lo) copies the contents of a gpr to hi and lo. these instructions are used to restore hi and lo to their original state after exception handling. instructions that read hi or lo must be separated by two instructions that do not write to hi or lo. all mips i control flow instructions are followed by a branch delay slot. unless the branch delay slot is filled by an instruction performing useful work, an nop is substituted. mips i branch instructions compare the contents of a gpr (rs) against zero or another gpr (rt) as signed integers and branch if the specified condition is true. control is transferred to the address computed by shifting the -bit offset left by two bits, sign-extending the -bit result, and adding the -bit sign-extended result to the sum of the program counter (instruction address) and . jumps have two versions: absolute and register-indirect. absolute jumps ("jump" and "jump and link") compute the address control is transferred to by shifting the -bit instr_index left by two bits and concatenating the -bit result with the four high-order bits of the address of the instruction in the branch delay slot. register-indirect jumps transfer control to the instruction at the address sourced from a gpr (rs). the address sourced from the gpr must be word-aligned, else an exception is signaled after the instruction in the branch delay slot is executed. branch and jump instructions that link (except for "jump and link register") save the return address to gpr . the "jump and link register" instruction permits the return address to be saved to any writable gpr. mips i has two instructions for software to signal an exception: system call and breakpoint. system call is used by user mode software to make kernel calls; and breakpoint is used to transfer control to a debugger via the kernel's exception handler. both instructions have a -bit code field that can contain operating environment-specific information for the exception handler. mips has floating-point registers. two registers are paired for double precision numbers. odd numbered registers cannot be used for arithmetic or branching, just as part of a double precision register pair, resulting in usable registers for most instructions (moves/copies and loads/stores were not affected). single precision is denoted by the .s suffix, while double precision is denoted by the .d suffix. mips ii[edit] mips ii removed the load delay slot[ ]: and added several sets of instructions. for shared-memory multiprocessing, the synchronize shared memory, load linked word, and store conditional word instructions were added. a set of trap-on-condition instructions were added. these instructions caused an exception if the evaluated condition is true. all existing branch instructions were given branch-likely versions that executed the instruction in the branch delay slot only if the branch is taken.[ ]: these instructions improve performance in certain cases by allowing useful instructions to fill the branch delay slot.[ ]: doubleword load and store instructions for cop – were added. consistent with other memory access instructions, these loads and stores required the doubleword to be naturally aligned. the instruction set for the floating point coprocessor also had several instructions added to it. an ieee -compliant floating-point square root instruction was added. it supported both single- and double-precision operands. a set of instructions that converted single- and double-precision floating-point numbers to -bit words were added. these complemented the existing conversion instructions by allowing the ieee rounding mode to be specified by the instruction instead of the floating point control and status register. mips iii[edit] mips iii is a backwards-compatible extension of mips ii that added support for -bit memory addressing and integer operations. the -bit data type is called a doubleword, and mips iii extended the general-purpose registers, hi/lo registers, and program counter to bits to support it. new instructions were added to load and store doublewords, to perform integer addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and shift operations on them, and to move doubleword between the gprs and hi/lo registers. existing instructions originally defined to operate on -bit words were redefined, where necessary, to sign-extend the -bit results to permit words and doublewords to be treated identically by most instructions. among those instructions redefined was load word. in mips iii it sign-extends words to bits. to complement load word, a version that zero-extends was added. the r instruction format's inability to specify the full shift distance for -bit shifts (its -bit shift amount field is too narrow to specify the shift distance for doublewords) required mips iii to provide three -bit versions of each mips i shift instruction. the first version is a -bit version of the original shift instructions, used to specify constant shift distances of – bits. the second version is similar to the first, but adds the shift amount field's value so that constant shift distances of – bits can be specified. the third version obtains the shift distance from the six low-order bits of a gpr. mips iii added a supervisor privilege level in between the existing kernel and user privilege levels. this feature only affected the implementation-defined system control processor (coprocessor ). mips iii removed the coprocessor (cp ) support instructions, and reused its opcodes for the new doubleword instructions. the remaining coprocessors gained instructions to move doublewords between coprocessor registers and the gprs. the floating general registers (fgrs) were extended to bits and the requirement for instructions to use even-numbered register only was removed. this is incompatible with earlier versions of the architecture; a bit in the floating-point control/status register is used to operate the mips iii floating-point unit (fpu) in a mips i- and ii-compatible mode. the floating-point control registers were not extended for compatibility. the only new floating-point instructions added were those to copy doublewords between the cpu and fpu convert single- and double-precision floating-point numbers into doubleword integers and vice versa. mips iv[edit] mips iv is the fourth version of the architecture. it is a superset of mips iii and is compatible with all existing versions of mips. mips iv was designed to mainly improve floating-point (fp) performance. to improve access to operands, an indexed addressing mode (base + index, both sourced from gprs) for fp loads and stores was added, as were prefetch instructions for performing memory prefetching and specifying cache hints (these supported both the base + offset and base + index addressing modes). mips iv added several features to improve instruction-level parallelism. to alleviate the bottleneck caused by a single condition bit, seven condition code bits were added to the floating-point control and status register, bringing the total to eight. fp comparison and branch instructions were redefined so they could specify which condition bit was written or read (respectively); and the delay slot in between an fp branch that read the condition bit written to by a prior fp comparison was removed. support for partial predication was added in the form of conditional move instructions for both gprs and fprs; and an implementation could choose between having precise or imprecise exceptions for ieee traps. mips iv added several new fp arithmetic instructions for both single- and double-precision fpns: fused-multiply add or subtract, reciprocal, and reciprocal square-root. the fp fused-multiply add or subtract instructions perform either one or two roundings (it is implementation-defined), to exceed or meet ieee accuracy requirements (respectively). the fp reciprocal and reciprocal square-root instructions do not comply with ieee accuracy requirements, and produce results that differ from the required accuracy by one or two units of last place (it is implementation defined). these instructions serve applications where instruction latency is more important than accuracy. mips v[edit] mips v added a new data type, the paired single (ps), which consisted of two single-precision ( -bit) floating-point numbers stored in the existing -bit floating-point registers. variants of existing floating-point instructions for arithmetic, compare and conditional move were added to operate on this data type in a simd fashion. new instructions were added for loading, rearranging and converting ps data.[ ]: – it was the first instruction set to exploit floating-point simd with existing resources.[ ] mips /mips [edit] the first release of mips , based on mips ii, added conditional moves, prefetch instructions, and other features from the r and r families of -bit processors.[ ] the first release of mips adds a mips mode to run -bit code.[ ] the mul and madd (multiply-add) instructions, previously available in some implementations, were added to the mips and mips specifications, as were cache control instructions.[ ] mips /mips release in added the following:[ ] 	a new family of branches with no delay slot: 	unconditional branches (bc) and branch-and-link (balc) with a -bit offset, 	conditional branch on zero/non-zero with a -bit offset, 	full set of signed and unsigned conditional branches compare between two registers (e.g. bgtuc) or a register against zero (e.g. bgtzc), 	full set of branch-and-link which compare a register against zero (e.g. bgtzalc). 	index jump instructions with no delay slot designed to support large absolute addresses. 	instructions to load -bit immediates at bit position , or , allowing to easily generate large constants. 	pc-relative load instructions, as well as address generation with large (pc-relative) offsets. 	bit-reversal and byte-alignment instructions (previously only available with the dsp extension). 	multiply and divide instructions redefined so that they use a single register for their result). 	instructions generating truth values now generate all zeroes or all ones instead of just clearing/setting the -bit, 	instructions using a truth value now only interpret all-zeroes as false instead of just looking at the -bit. removed infrequently used instructions: 	some conditional moves 	branch likely instructions (deprecated in previous releases). 	integer overflow trapping instructions with -bit immediate 	integer accumulator instructions (together hi/lo registers, moved to the dsp application-specific extension) 	unaligned load instructions (lwl and lwr), (requiring that most ordinary loads and stores support misaligned access, possibly via trapping and with the addition of a new instruction (balign)) reorganized the instruction encoding, freeing space for future expansions. micromips[edit] the micromips / architectures are supersets of the mips and mips architectures (respectively) designed to replace the mips e ase. a disadvantage of mips e is that it requires a mode switch before any of its -bit instructions can be processed. micromips adds versions of the most-frequently used -bit instructions that are encoded as -bit instructions. this allows programs to intermix - and -bit instructions without having to switch modes. micromips was introduced alongside of mips / release , and each subsequent release of mips / has a corresponding micromips / version. a processor may implement micromips / or both micromips / and its corresponding mips / subset. starting with mips / release , support for mips e ended, and micromips is the only form of code compression in mips. application-specific extensions[edit] the base mips and mips architectures can be supplemented with a number of optional architectural extensions, which are collectively referred to as application-specific extensions (ases). these ases provide features that improve the efficiency and performance of certain workloads, such as digital signal processing. 	mips mcu 	enhancements for microcontroller applications. the mcu ase (application-specific extension) has been developed to extend the interrupt controller support, reduce the interrupt latency and enhance the i/o peripheral control function typically required in microcontroller system designs. 	separate priority and vector generation 	supports up to interrupts in eic (external interrupt controller) mode and eight hardware interrupt pins 	provides -bit vector offset address 	pre-fetching of the interrupt exception vector 	automated interrupt prologue – adds hardware to save and update system status before the interrupt handling routine 	automated interrupt epilogue – restores the system state previously stored in the stack for returning from the interrupt. 	interrupt chaining – supports the service of pending interrupts without the need to exit the initial interrupt routine, saving the cycles required to store and restore multiple active interrupts 	supports speculative pre-fetching of the interrupt vector address. reduces the number of interrupt service cycles by overlapping memory accesses with pipeline flushes and exception prioritization 	includes atomic bit set/clear instructions which enables bits within an i/o register that are normally used to monitor or control external peripheral functions to be modified without interruption, ensuring the action is performed securely. 	mips 	mips is an application-specific extension for mips i through to v designed by lsi logic and mips technologies, announced on october , alongside its first implementation, the lsi logic tinyrisc processor.[ ] mips was subsequently licensed by nec electronics, philips semiconductors, and toshiba (among others); and implemented as an extension to the mips i, ii, an iii architectures. mips decreases the size of application by up to % by using -bit instructions instead of -bit instructions' and also improves power efficiency, the instruction cache hit rate, and is equivalent in performance to its base architecture.[ ] it is supported by hardware and software development tools from mips technologies and other providers. mips e is an improved version of mips first supported by mips and mips release . mips e is an improved version of mips that is supported by mips and mips (up to release ). release replaced it with micromips. 	mips dsp 	the dsp ase is an optional extension to the mips /mips release  and newer instruction sets which can be used to accelerate a large range of "media" computations—particularly audio and video. the dsp module comprises a set of instructions and state in the integer pipeline and requires minimal additional logic to implement in mips processor cores. revision of the ase was introduced in the second half of . this revision adds extra instructions to the original ase, but is otherwise backwards-compatible with it.[ ] unlike the bulk of the mips architecture, it's a fairly irregular set of operations, many chosen for a particular relevance to some key algorithm. its main novel features (vs original mips ):[ ] 	saturating arithmetic (when a calculation overflows, deliver the representable number closest to the non-overflowed answer). 	fixed-point arithmetic on signed - and -bit fixed-point fractions with a range of - to + (these are widely called "q " and "q "). 	the existing integer multiplication and multiply-accumulate instructions, which deliver results into a double-size accumulator (called "hi/lo" and bits on mips cpus). the dsp ase adds three more accumulators, and some different flavours of multiply-accumulate. 	simd instructions operating on x unsigned bytes or x -bit values packed into a -bit register (the -bit variant of the dsp ase supports larger vectors, too). 	simd operations are basic arithmetic, shifts and some multiply-accumulate type operations. 	mips simd architecture 	instruction set extensions designed to accelerate multimedia. 	 vector registers of x -bit, x -bit, x -bit, and x bit vector elements 	efficient vector parallel arithmetic operations on integer, fixed-point and floating-point data 	operations on absolute value operands 	rounding and saturation options available 	full precision multiply and multiply-add 	conversions between integer, floating-point, and fixed-point data 	complete set of vector-level compare and branch instructions with no condition flag 	vector ( d) and array ( d) shuffle operations 	typed load and store instructions for endian-independent operation 	ieee standard for floating-point arithmetic - compliant 	element precise floating-point exception signaling 	pre-defined scalable extensions for chips with more gates/transistors 	accelerates compute-intensive applications in conjunction with leveraging generic compiler support 	software-programmable solution for consumer electronics applications or functions not covered by dedicated hardware 	emerging data mining, feature extraction, image and video processing, and human-computer interaction applications 	high-performance scientific computing 	mips virtualization 	hardware supported virtualization technology. 	mips multi-threading 	each multi-threaded mips core can support up to two vpes (virtual processing elements) which share a single pipeline as well as other hardware resources. however, since each vpe includes a complete copy of the processor state as seen by the software system, each vpe appears as a complete standalone processor to an smp linux operating system. for more fine-grained thread processing applications, each vpe is capable of supporting up to nine tcs allocated across two vpes. the tcs share a common execution unit but each has its own program counter and core register files so that each can handle a thread from the software. the mips mt architecture also allows the allocation of processor cycles to threads, and sets the relative thread priorities with an optional quality of service (qos) manager block. this enables two prioritization mechanisms that determine the flow of information across the bus. the first mechanism allows the user to prioritize one thread over another. the second mechanism is used to allocate a specified ratio of the cycles to specific threads over time. the combined use of both mechanisms allows effective allocation of bandwidth to the set of threads, and better control of latencies. in real-time systems, system-level determinism is very critical, and the qos block facilitates improvement of the predictability of a system. hardware designers of advanced systems may replace the standard qos block provided by mips technologies with one that is specifically tuned for their application. 	smartmips 	smartmips is an application-specific extension (ase) designed by gemplus international and mips technologies to improve performance and reduce memory consumption for smart card software. it is supported by mips only, since smart cards do not require the capabilities of mips processors. few smart cards use smartmips. 	mdmx 	mips- d calling conventions[edit] mips has had several calling conventions, especially on the -bit platform. the o abi is the most commonly-used abi, owing to its status as the original system v abi for mips.[ ][ ] it is strictly stack-based, with only four registers $a -$a available to pass arguments. space on the stack is reserved in case the callee needs to save its arguments, but the registers are not stored there by the caller. the return value is stored in register $v ; a second return value may be stored in $v . this perceived slowness, along with an antique floating-point model with registers only, has encouraged the proliferation of many other calling conventions. the abi took shape in and was never updated since . it is only defined for -bit mips, but gcc has created a -bit variation called o .[ ] for -bit, the n abi by silicon graphics is most commonly used. the most important improvement is that eight registers are now available for argument passing; it also increases the number of floating-point registers to . there is also an ilp version called n , which uses -bit pointers for smaller code, analogous to the x abi. both run under the -bit mode of the cpu.[ ] the n and n abis pass the first eight arguments to a function in the registers $a -$a ; subsequent arguments are passed on the stack. the return value (or a pointer to it) is stored in the registers $v ; a second return value may be stored in $v . in both the n and n abis all registers are considered to be -bits wide. a few attempts have been made to replace o with a -bit abi that resembles n more. a conference came up with mips eabi, for which the -bit version was quite similar.[ ] eabi inspired mips technologies to propose a more radical "nubi" abi additionally reuse argument registers for the return value.[ ] mips eabi is supported by gcc but not llvm, and neither supports nubi. for all of o and n /n , the return address is stored in a $ra register. this is automatically set with the use of the jal (jump and link) or jalr (jump and link register) instructions. the function prologue of a (non-leaf) mips subroutine pushes the return address (in $ra) to the stack.[ ][ ] on both o and n /n the stack grows downwards, but the n /n abis require -bit alignment for all stack entries. the frame pointer ($ ) is optional and in practice rarely used except when the stack allocation in a function is determined at runtime, for example, by calling alloca(). for n and n , the return address is typically stored bytes before the stack pointer although this may be optional. for the n and n abis, a function must preserve the $s -$s registers, the global pointer ($gp or $ ), the stack pointer ($sp or $ ) and the frame pointer ($ ). the o abi is the same except the calling function is required to save the $gp register instead of the called function. for multi-threaded code, the thread local storage pointer is typically stored in special hardware register $ and is accessed by using the mfhw (move from hardware) instruction. at least one vendor is known to store this information in the $k register which is normally reserved for kernel use, but this is not standard. the $k and $k registers ($ –$ ) are reserved for kernel use and should not be used by applications since these registers can be changed at any time by the kernel due to interrupts, context switches or other events. registers for o calling convention 	name	number	use	callee must preserve? 	$zero 	$ 	constant 	n/a 	$at 	$ 	assembler temporary	no 	$v –$v 	$ –$ 	values for function returns and expression evaluation	no 	$a –$a 	$ –$ 	function arguments	no 	$t –$t 	$ –$ 	temporaries	no 	$s –$s 	$ –$ 	saved temporaries	yes 	$t –$t 	$ –$ 	temporaries	no 	$k –$k 	$ –$ 	reserved for os kernel	n/a 	$gp 	$ 	global pointer	yes (except pic code) 	$sp 	$ 	stack pointer	yes 	$fp 	$ 	frame pointer	yes 	$ra 	$ 	return address	n/a registers for n and n calling conventions[ ] 	name	number	use	callee must preserve? 	$zero 	$ 	constant 	n/a 	$at 	$ 	assembler temporary	no 	$v –$v 	$ –$ 	values for function returns and expression evaluation	no 	$a –$a 	$ –$ 	function arguments	no 	$t –$t 	$ –$ 	temporaries	no 	$s –$s 	$ –$ 	saved temporaries	yes 	$t –$t 	$ –$ 	temporaries	no 	$k –$k 	$ –$ 	reserved for os kernel	n/a 	$gp 	$ 	global pointer	yes 	$sp 	$ 	stack pointer	yes 	$s 	$ 	frame pointer	yes 	$ra 	$ 	return address	n/a registers that are preserved across a call are registers that (by convention) will not be changed by a system call or procedure (function) call. for example, $s-registers must be saved to the stack by a procedure that needs to use them, and $sp and $fp are always incremented by constants, and decremented back after the procedure is done with them (and the memory they point to). by contrast, $ra is changed automatically by any normal function call (ones that use jal), and $t-registers must be saved by the program before any procedure call (if the program needs the values inside them after the call). the userspace calling convention of position-independent code on linux additionally requires that when a function is called the $t register must contain the address of that function.[ ] this convention dates back to the system v abi supplement for mips.[ ] uses[edit] 		this section needs expansion. you can help by adding to it. (february ) 	 	parts of this article (those related to s) need to be updated. please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (august ) mips processors are used in embedded systems such as residential gateways and routers. originally, mips was designed for general-purpose computing. during the s and s, mips processors for personal, workstation, and server computers were used by many companies such as digital equipment corporation, mips computer systems, nec, pyramid technology, sicortex, siemens nixdorf, silicon graphics, and tandem computers. historically, video game consoles such as the nintendo , sony playstation, playstation , and playstation portable used mips processors. mips processors also used to be popular in supercomputers during the s, but all such systems have dropped off the top list. these uses were complemented by embedded applications at first, but during the s, mips became a major presence in the embedded processor market, and by the s, most mips processors were for these applications. in the mid- to late- s, it was estimated that one in three risc microprocessors produced was a mips processor.[ ] by the late s, mips machines are still commonly used in embedded markets, including automotive, wireless router, lte modems (mainly via mediatek), and microcontrollers (for example the pic m). they have mostly faded out of the personal, server, and application space. simulators[edit] open virtual platforms (ovp)[ ] includes the freely available for non-commercial use simulator ovpsim, a library of models of processors, peripherals and platforms, and apis which enable users to develop their own models. the models in the library are open source, written in c, and include the mips k, k, k, k, k, k, m k, microaptiv, interaptiv, proaptiv -bit cores and the mips -bit k range of cores. these models are created and maintained by imperas[ ] and in partnership with mips technologies have been tested and assigned the mips-verified mark. sample mips-based platforms include both bare metal environments and platforms for booting unmodified linux binary images. these platforms–emulators are available as source or binaries and are fast, free for non-commercial usage, and are easy to use. ovpsim is developed and maintained by imperas and is very fast (hundreds of million of instructions per second), and built to handle multicore homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures and systems. there is a freely available mips simulator (earlier versions simulated only the r /r ) called spim for use in education. edumips [ ] is a gpl graphical cross-platform mips cpu simulator, written in java/swing. it supports a wide subset of the mips isa and allows the user to graphically see what happens in the pipeline when an assembly program is run by the cpu. mars[ ] is another gui-based mips emulator designed for use in education, specifically for use with hennessy's computer organization and design. webmips[ ] is a browser-based mips simulator with visual representation of a generic, pipelined processor. this simulator is quite useful for register tracking during step by step execution. more advanced free emulators are available from the gxemul (formerly known as the mips emul project) and qemu projects. these emulate the various mips iii and iv microprocessors in addition to entire computer systems which use them. commercial simulators are available especially for the embedded use of mips processors, for example wind river simics (mips kc and kc, pmc rm , qed rm , broadcom/netlogic ec , cavium octeon i), imperas (all mips and mips cores), vast systems (r , r ), and coware (the mips ke, mips k, mips kf and mips k). wepsim[ ] is a browser-based simulator where a subset of mips instructions are micro-programmed. this simulator is very useful in order to learn how a cpu works (microprogramming, mips routines, traps, interruptions, system calls, etc.). see also[edit] 	dlx 	list of mips architecture processors 	mips architecture processors 	pipeline (computing) references[edit] 	^ patterson, david ( ). computer organization and design. http://booksite.elsevier.com/ /downloads/historial% perspectives/section_ . .pdf: elsevier. pp.  . – . isbn  - - - - .cs maint: location (link) 	^ a b price, charles (september ). mips iv instruction set (revision . ), mips technologies, inc. 	^ a b c d e f g h sweetman, dominic ( ). see mips run. morgan kaufmann publishers, inc. isbn  - - - . 	^ "mips architecture". mips. retrieved march , . 	^ "mips architecture". mips. retrieved march , . 	^ "mips- d ase". imagination technologies. archived from the original on january . retrieved january . 	^ "mips e". mips. retrieved march , . 	^ "mips multithreading". mips. retrieved march , . 	^ university of california, davis. "ecs (compilers) references & tools page". archived from the original on march . retrieved may . 	^ "silicon graphics introduces enhanced mips architecture to lead the interactive digital revolution". silicon graphics, inc. october . archived from the original on july . 	^ a b gwennap, linley (november , ). "digital, mips add multimedia extensions" (pdf). microprocessor report. ( ): – . archived (pdf) from the original on july , . 	^ "silicon graphics previews new high-performance mips microprocessor roadmap" (press release). may , . 	^ a b c d e "mips technologies, inc. enhances architecture to support growing need for ip re-use and integration" (press release). business wire. may , . 	^ "latest release of mips architecture includes virtualization and simd key functionality for enabling next generation of mips-based products" (press release). mips technologies. december , . archived from the original on december , . 	^ "mips skips release amid bidding war". ee times. december . archived from the original on april . 	^ "wave computing extends ai lead by targeting edge of cloud through acquisition of mips". june , . 	^ "wave computing® launches the mips open initiative to accelerate innovation for the renowned mips® architecture". december , . 	^ "mips processor isa to be open-sourced in - phoronix". 	^ yoshida, junko (december , ). "mips goes open source". ee times. 	^ "mips r architecture now available for open use". march , . 	^ "wave computing closes its mips open initiative with immediate effect, zero warning". november , . 	^ "mips – market-leading risc cpu ip processor solutions". imgtec.com. archived from the original on march . retrieved february . 	^ "silicon graphics introduces compact mips risc microprocessor code for high performance at a low cost" (press release). october , . 	^ sweetman, dominic ( ). see mips run ( nd ed.). san francisco, california: morgan kaufmann publishers. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . 	^ "using the gnu compiler collection (gcc): mips dsp built-in functions". gcc.gnu.org. archived from the original on april . 	^ "instruction set architecture - linuxmips". www.linux-mips.org. archived from the original on april . 	^ sweetman, dominic. see mips run, nd edition. morgan kaufmann. isbn  - - - . 	^ "mips instruction set quick reference". 	^ a b "mips abi history". 	^ eric christopher (june , ). "mips eabi documentation". binutils@sources.redhat.com (mailing list). retrieved june , . 	^ "nubi". 	^ karen miller. "the mips register usage conventions". . 	^ hal perkins. ""mips calling convention". . 	^ mipspro n abi handbook (pdf). silicon graphics. 	^ "pic code – linuxmips". www.linux-mips.org. retrieved september , . 	^ "system v application binary interface mips risc processor supplement, rd edition" (pdf). pp.  – . 	^ rubio, victor p. "a fpga implementation of a mips risc processor for computer architecture education" (pdf). new mexico state university. archived (pdf) from the original on april . retrieved december . 	^ "ovp: fast simulation, free open source models. virtual platforms for software development". ovpworld.org. archived from the original on june . retrieved may . 	^ "imperas". imperas. march . archived from the original on june . retrieved may . 	^ "edumips ". edumips.org. archived from the original on may . retrieved may . 	^ "mars mips simulator - missouri state university". courses.missouristate.edu. archived from the original on may . retrieved may . 	^ "webmips - mips cpu piplined simulation on line". archived from the original on december . retrieved january . (online demonstration) "archived copy". archived from the original on october . retrieved january .cs maint: archived copy as title (link) (source) 	^ "wepsim". (web version with examples). archived from the original on october . retrieved october . "wepsim". (github site with source). archived from the original on january . retrieved october . further reading[edit] 	farquhar, erin; philip bunce ( ). mips programmer's handbook. morgan kaufmann publishers. isbn  - - - . 	patterson, david a; john l. hennessy. computer organization and design: the hardware/software interface. morgan kaufmann publishers. isbn  - - - . 	sweetman, dominic ( ). see mips run. morgan kaufmann publishers. isbn  - - - . 	sweetman, dominic ( ). see mips run, nd edition. morgan kaufmann publishers. isbn  - - - - . external links[edit] 		wikibooks has a book on the topic of: mips assembly 		wikimedia commons has media related to mips microprocessors. 	mips processors 	prpl foundation (a non-profit foundation founded by imagination technologies to support the mips platform) 	mips architecture history diagram at the wayback machine (archived - - ) 	online mips emulator 	mips instructions - mips instruction set 		v 	t 	e mips microprocessors 	 	mips architecture 	mips 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edited on october , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none enclosure - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	enclosure 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		not to be confused with exclosure. for other uses, see enclosure (disambiguation). legal process in england of consolidating (enclosing) small landholdings into larger farms enclosure, sometimes termed inclosure, was the legal process in england of consolidating (enclosing) small landholdings into larger farms[ ] from the th century onward. once enclosed, use of the land became restricted and available only to the owner, and it ceased to be common land for communal use. in england and wales the term is also used for the process that ended the ancient system of arable farming in open fields. under enclosure, such land is fenced (enclosed) and deeded or entitled to one or more owners. the process of enclosure began to be a widespread feature of the english agricultural landscape during the th century. by the th century, unenclosed commons had become largely restricted to rough pasture in mountainous areas and to relatively small parts of the lowlands. enclosure could be accomplished by buying the ground rights and all common rights to accomplish exclusive rights of use, which increased the value of the land. the other method was by passing laws causing or forcing enclosure, such as parliamentary enclosure involving an inclosure act. the latter process of enclosure was sometimes accompanied by force, resistance, and bloodshed, and remains among the most controversial areas of agricultural and economic history in england. marxist historians argue that rich landowners used their control of state processes to appropriate public land for their private benefit.[ ] during the georgian era, the process of enclosure created a landless working class that provided the labour required in the new industries developing in the north of england. for example: "in agriculture the years between and are the years of wholesale enclosure in which, in village after village, common rights are lost."[ ] e. p. thompson argues that "enclosure (when all the sophistications are allowed for) was a plain enough case of class robbery."[ ][ ] w. a. armstrong, among others, argued that this is perhaps an oversimplification, that the better-off members of the european peasantry encouraged and participated actively in enclosure, seeking to end the perpetual poverty of subsistence farming. "we should be careful not to ascribe to [enclosure] developments that were the consequence of a much broader and more complex process of historical change."[ ] armstrong notes that enclosure had varying impacts on levels of poor relief in western and eastern counties, and suggests the decrease in agricultural wages in this period (and subsequent emigration to urban areas) was more related to overall rural population growth instead.[ ][ ] enclosure is considered one of the causes of the british agricultural revolution. enclosed land was under control of the farmer who was free to adopt better farming practices. there was widespread agreement in contemporary accounts that profit making opportunities were better with enclosed land.[ ] following enclosure, crop yields increased while at the same time labour productivity increased enough to create a surplus of labour. the increased labour supply is considered one of the causes of the industrial revolution.[ ][page needed] karl marx argued in capital that enclosure played a constitutive role in the revolutionary transformation of feudalism into capitalism, both by transforming land from a means of subsistence into a means to realize profit on commodity markets (primarily wool in the english case), and by creating the conditions for the modern labour market by unifying smallholders and pastoralists into the mass of agricultural wage-labourers, i.e. those whose opportunities to exit the market declined as the common lands were enclosed.[ ] contents 	 early history 	 tudor enclosures 	 . anti-enclosure legislation 	 . inflation and enclosure 	 . enclosure riots 	 . . midland revolt 	 . . newton rebellion:  june 	 . . western rising – and forest enclosure 	 parliamentary enclosure and open fields 	 enclosure roads 	 contemporary worldwide movements against enclosure 	 see also 	 . in other countries 	 notes 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links early history[edit] conjectural map of a mediaeval english manor. the part allocated to 'common pasture' is shown in the north-east section, shaded green. decaying hedges mark the lines of the straight field boundaries created by the parliamentary act of enclosure of boldron moor, county durham. enclosure of manorial common land was authorised by the statute of merton ( ) and the statute of westminster ( ). throughout the medieval and modern periods, piecemeal enclosure took place in which adjacent strips were fenced off from the common field. this was sometimes undertaken by small landowners, but more often by large landowners and lords of the manor. significant enclosures (or emparkments) took place to establish deer parks. some (but not all) of these enclosures took place with local agreement.[ ] most if not all emparkments were of already fenced land. often large land was owned by the major landowners and lords. tudor enclosures[edit] from as early as the th century, some open fields in britain were being enclosed into individually owned fields. however there was a significant rise in enclosure during the tudor period. these enclosures largely resulted in conversion of land use from arable to pasture – usually sheep farming. these enclosures were often undertaken unilaterally by the landowner. enclosures during the tudor period were often accompanied by a loss of common rights and could result in the destruction of whole villages.[ ] english champaign (extensive, open land) had been commonly enclosed as pastureland for sheep from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century as populations declined. foreign demand for english wool also helped encourage increased production, and the wool industry was often thought to be more profitable for landowners who had large decaying farmlands. some manorial lands lay in disrepair from a lack of tenants, which made them undesirable to both prospective tenants and landowners who could be fined and ordered to make repairs. enclosure and sheep herding (which required very few labourers) were a solution to the problem, but resulted in unemployment, the displacement of impoverished rural labourers, and decreased domestic grain production which made england more susceptible to famine and higher prices for domestic and foreign grain. in great britain, the process sped up during the th and th centuries as sheep farming grew more profitable. in the th and early th centuries, the practice of enclosure, particularly of depopulating enclosure, was denounced by the church and the government and legislation was drawn up against it. but elite opinion began to turn towards support for enclosure, and rate of enclosure increased in the seventeenth century. this led to a series of government acts addressing individual regions, which were given a common framework in the inclosure consolidation act of . sir thomas more, in his work utopia suggests that the practice of enclosure was responsible for some of the social problems affecting england at the time, specifically theft: "but i do not think that this necessity of stealing arises only from hence; there is another cause of it, more peculiar to england." "what is that?" said the cardinal. "the increase of pasture," said i, "by which your sheep, which are naturally mild, and easily kept in order, may be said now to devour men and unpeople, not only villages, but towns; for wherever it is found that the sheep of any soil yield a softer and richer wool than ordinary, there the nobility and gentry, and even those holy men, the abbots not contented with the old rents which their farms yielded, nor thinking it enough that they, living at their ease, do no good to the public, resolve to do it hurt instead of good. they stop the course of agriculture, destroying houses and towns – reserving only the churches – and enclose grounds that they may lodge their sheep in them."[ ] the loss of agricultural labour also hurt others like millers whose livelihood relied on agricultural produce. fynes moryson reported on these problems in his work an itinerary:[ ] england abounds with corn [wheat and other grains], which they may transport, when a quarter (in some places containing six, in others eight bushels) is sold for twenty shillings, or under; and this corn not only serves england, but also served the english army in the civil wars of ireland, at which time they also exported great quantity thereof into foreign parts, and by god's mercy england scarce once in ten years needs a supply of foreign corn, which want commonly proceeds of the covetousness of private men, exporting or hiding it. yet i must confess, that daily this plenty of corn decreaseth, by reason that private men, finding greater commodity in feeding of sheep and cattle than in the plow, requiring the hands of many servants, can by no law be restrained from turning cornfields into enclosed pastures, especially since great men are the first to break these laws. anti-enclosure legislation[edit] manorial lords' enclosure of common land (particularly to monopolise local sheep farming) and the consequent eviction of commoners or villagers from their homes and their livelihoods became an important political issue for the tudors. enclosure led to homeless, displaced inhabitants, potential underclass rebels. the king's advisers were extremely nervous about such impoverishment or "beggaring". commoners kept informal homes and farms, a broad stream of non-collectivised tax revenues. workers were strong-limbed, frequent military conscripts for the crown. in the sixteenth century, lack of income made one a pauper. if one lost one's home as well, one became a vagrant; and vagrants were regarded (and treated) as criminals. the authorities saw many people becoming what they regarded as vagabonds and thieves as a result of enclosure and depopulation of villages. reflecting these factors, the anti-enclosure acts of began those aimed to stem enclosure. from the time of henry vii, parliament began passing acts to stop enclosure, to limit its effects, or at least to fine those responsible. over the next years, there were more acts of parliament and eight commissions of enquiry on the subject.[ ] initially, enclosure was not itself an offence, but where it was accompanied by the destruction of houses, half the (land's annual) profits would go to the crown until the lost houses were rebuilt (the  act gave half these net revenues to the superior landlord, who might not be the crown, but an act of allowed the crown to receive this half share if the superior landlord had not taken action to claim it). in , conversion from arable to pasture became an offence. once again, half the profits from conversion would go to the crown until the arable land was restored. neither the act nor the previous laws were watertight in stopping enclosure, so in cardinal wolsey established a commission of enquiry to determine where offences had taken place – and to ensure the crown received its punitive half-share of annual agricultural profits. inflation and enclosure[edit] alongside population growth,[ ] inflation was a major reason for enclosure.[ ] when henry viii became king in , he found the royal finances in good shape thanks to the prudence of his father henry vii (reigned – ). but this soon changed as henry viii doubled household expenditure and started costly wars against both france and scotland. with his wealth rapidly decreasing, henry viii imposed a series of taxes devised by his chancellor, thomas wolsey (in office – ). soon the people began to resent wolsey's taxes and the administration had to find a new source of finance: in , henry reduced the silver content of new coins by about %; he repeated the process to a lesser extent the following year. this, combined with injection of bullion from the new world, increased the money supply in england, which led to continuing price inflation. the debasement of the coinage was not seen as a cause of inflation (and therefore of enclosures) until the duke of somerset became lord protector ( – ) during the reign of edward vi ( – ). until then enclosures were seen as the cause of inflation, not the outcome. when thomas smith advised somerset that enclosure resulted from inflation, somerset ignored him. it was not until john dudley, st duke of northumberland became de facto ruler that his secretary of state william cecil (in office – ) took action on debasement to try to stop enclosure.[citation needed] enclosure riots[edit] after or so, the problem of untended farmland disappeared with the rising population. there was a desire for more arable land along with much antagonism toward the tenant-graziers with their flocks and herds. increased demand along with a scarcity of tillable land caused rents to rise dramatically in the s to mid-century. the s appear to have been the point at which the rent increases became extreme, with complaints of rack-rent appearing in popular literature, such as the works of robert crowley. there were popular efforts to remove old enclosures, and much legislation of the s and s concerns this shift. angry tenants impatient to reclaim pastures for tillage were illegally destroying enclosures. beginning with kett's rebellion in , agrarian revolts swept all over the nation, and other revolts occurred periodically throughout the century. the popular rural mentality was to restore the security, stability, and functionality of the old commons system. historians would write that they were asserting ancient traditional and constitutional rights granted to the free and sturdy english yeoman as opposed to the enslaved and effeminate french. this emphasis on rights was to have a pivotal role in the modern era unfolding from the enlightenment. d. c. coleman writes that the english commons were disturbed by the loss of common rights under enclosure which might involve the right "to cut underwood, to run pigs". midland revolt[edit] further information: midland revolt in , beginning on may eve in haselbech, northamptonshire and spreading to warwickshire and leicestershire throughout may,[citation needed] riots took place as a protest against the enclosure of common land. now known as the midland revolt, it drew considerable support and was led by john reynolds, otherwise known as 'captain pouch', a tinker said to be from desborough, northamptonshire.[citation needed] he told the protesters he had authority from the king and the lord of heaven to destroy enclosures and promised to protect protesters by the contents of his pouch, carried by his side, which he said would keep them from all harm (after he was captured, his pouch was opened; all that was in it was a piece of green cheese). thousands of people were recorded at hillmorton, warwickshire and at cotesbach, leicestershire. a curfew was imposed in the city of leicester, as it was feared citizens would stream out of the city to join the riots. a gibbet was erected in leicester as a warning, and was pulled down by the citizens. newton rebellion:  june [edit] the newton rebellion was one of the last times that the non-mining commoners of england and the gentry were in open, armed conflict.[ ] things had come to a head in early june. james i issued a proclamation and ordered his deputy lieutenants in northamptonshire to put down the riots.[citation needed] it is recorded that women and children were part of the protest. over a thousand had gathered at newton, near kettering, pulling down hedges and filling ditches, to protest against the enclosures of thomas tresham.[ ] the treshams were unpopular for their voracious enclosing of land – the family at newton and their better-known roman catholic cousins at nearby rushton, the family of francis tresham, who had been involved two years earlier in the gunpowder plot and had by announcement died in london's tower. sir thomas tresham of rushton was vilified as 'the most odious man' in northamptonshire. the old roman catholic gentry family of the treshams had long argued with the emerging puritan gentry family, the montagus of boughton, about territory. now tresham of newton was enclosing common land – the brand – that had been part of rockingham forest.[ ] edward montagu, one of the deputy lieutenants, had stood up against enclosure in parliament some years earlier, but was now placed by the king in the position effectively of defending the treshams. the local armed bands and militia refused the call-up, so the landowners were forced to use their own servants to suppress the rioters on  june . the royal proclamation of king james was read twice. the rioters continued in their actions, although at the second reading some ran away. the gentry and their forces charged. a pitched battle ensued in which –  people were killed; the ringleaders were hanged and quartered. a much-later memorial stone to those killed stands at the former church of st faith, newton.[ ] the tresham family declined soon after . the montagu family went on through marriage to become the dukes of buccleuch, enlarging the wealth of the senior branch substantially.[ ] western rising – and forest enclosure[edit] although royal forests were not technically commons, they were used as such from at least the s onwards. by the s, when stuart kings examined their estates to find new revenues, it had become necessary to offer compensation to at least some of those using the lands as commons when the forests were divided and enclosed. the majority of the disafforestation took place between – , during charles i of england's personal rule. most of the beneficiaries were royal courtiers, who paid large sums to enclose and sublet the forests. those dispossessed of the commons, especially recent cottagers and those who were outside of tenanted lands belonging to manors, were granted little or no compensation, and rioted in response.[ ] parliamentary enclosure and open fields[edit] further information: inclosure act and british agricultural revolution view of the scafell massif from yewbarrow, wasdale, cumbria. in the valley are older enclosures and higher up on the fell-side are the parliamentary enclosures following straight lines regardless of terrain. during the th and th centuries, enclosures were by means of local acts of parliament, called the inclosure acts. these parliamentary enclosures consolidated strips in the open fields into more cohesive units, and enclosed much of the remaining pasture commons or wastes. parliamentary enclosures usually provided commoners with some other land in compensation for the loss of common rights, although often of poor quality and much smaller. enclosure consisted of exchange in land, and an extinguishing of common rights. this allowed farmers consolidated and fenced off plots of land, in contrast to multiple small strips spread out and separated. parliamentary enclosure was also used for the division and privatisation of common "wastes" (in the original sense of uninhabited places), such as fens, marshes, heathland, downland, moors. voluntary enclosure was also frequent at that time.[ ] at the time of the parliamentary enclosures, each manor had seen de facto consolidation of farms into multiple large landholdings. multiple larger landholders already held the bulk of the land.[ ] they 'held' but did not legally own in today's sense. they also had to respect the open field system rights, when demanded, even when in practice the rights were not widely in use. similarly each large landholding would consist of scattered patches, not consolidated farms. in many cases enclosures were largely an exchange and consolidation of land, and exchange not otherwise possible under the legal system. it did also involve the extinguishing of common rights. without extinguishment, one man in an entire village could unilaterally impose the common field system, even if everyone else did not desire to continue the practice. de jure rights were not in accord with de facto practice. with land one held, one could not formally exchange the land, consolidate fields, or entirely exclude others. parliamentary enclosure was seen as the most cost-effective method of creating a legally binding settlement. this is because of the costs (time, money, complexity) of the barriers in the common law and in equity to extinguishing customary and long-use rights. parliament required consent of the owners of ​ ⁄ of affected (the copyholders and freeholders). the primary benefits to large land holders came from increased value of their own land, not from expropriation.[ ] smaller holders could sell their land to larger ones for a higher price post enclosure.[ ] there was not much evidence that the common rights were particularly valuable.[ ] protests against parliamentary enclosure continued, sometimes in parliament itself, frequently in the villages affected, and sometimes as organised mass revolts.[ ] voluntary enclosure was frequent at that time.[ ] enclosed land was twice as valuable, a price which could be sustained only by its higher productivity.[ ] marxist historians have focused on enclosure as a part of the class conflict that eventually eliminated the english peasantry and saw the emergence of the bourgeoisie. from this viewpoint, the english civil war provided the basis for a major acceleration of enclosures. the parliamentary leaders supported the rights of landlords vis-a-vis the king, whose star chamber court, abolished in , had provided the primary legal brake on the enclosure process. by dealing an ultimately crippling blow to the monarchy (which, even after the restoration, no longer posed a significant challenge to enclosures) the civil war paved the way for the eventual rise to power in the th century of what has been called a "committee of landlords",[ ] a prelude to the uk's parliamentary system. the economics of enclosures also changed. whereas earlier land had been enclosed to make it available for sheep farming, by the steep rise in wool prices had ended.[ ] thereafter, the focus shifted to implementation of new agricultural techniques, including fertilizer, new crops, and crop rotation, all of which greatly increased the profitability of large-scale farms.[ ] the enclosure movement probably peaked from to ; by the latter date it had essentially completed the destruction of the medieval peasant community.[ ] before enclosure, much of the arable land in the central region of england was organised into an open field system. enclosure was not simply the fencing of existing holdings, but led to fundamental changes in agricultural practice. scattered holdings of strips in the common field were consolidated to create individual farms that could be managed independently of other holdings. prior to enclosure, rights to use the land were shared between land owners and villagers (commoners). for example, commoners would have the right (common right) to graze their animals when crops or hay were not being grown, and on common pasture land. the land in a manor under this system would consist of: 	two or three very large common arable fields 	several very large common hay meadows 	closes – small areas of enclosed private land such as paddocks, orchards or gardens, mostly near houses 	in some cases, a park around the principal house, the manor house 	common waste – rough pasture land (effectively everything not in the previous categories) note that at this time field meant only the unenclosed and open arable land; most of what would now be called 'fields' would then have been called closes. the only boundaries would be those separating the various types of land, and around the closes. in each of the two waves of enclosure, two different processes were used. one was the division of the large open fields and meadows into privately controlled plots of land, usually hedged and known at the time as severals. in the course of enclosure, the large fields and meadows were divided and common access restricted. most open-field manors in england were enclosed in this manner, with the notable exception of laxton, nottinghamshire and parts of the isle of axholme in north lincolnshire. the history of enclosure in england is different from region to region.[ ] not all areas of england had open-field farming in the medieval period. parts of south-east england (notably parts of essex and kent) retained a pre-roman system of farming in small enclosed fields. similarly in much of west and north-west england, fields were either never open, or were enclosed early. the primary area of open field management was in the lowland areas of england in a broad band from yorkshire and lincolnshire diagonally across england to the south, taking in parts of norfolk and suffolk, cambridgeshire, large areas of the midlands, and most of south central england. these areas were most affected by the first type of enclosure, particularly in the more densely settled areas where grazing was scarce and farmers relied on open field grazing after the harvest and on the fallow to support their animals. the second form of enclosure affected those areas, such as the north, the far south-west, and some other regions such as the east anglian fens, and the weald, where grazing had been plentiful on otherwise marginal lands, such as marshes and moors. access to these common resources had been an essential part of the economic life in these strongly pastoral regions, and in the fens, large riots broke out in the seventeenth century, when attempts to drain the peat and silt marshes were combined with proposals to partially enclose them. both economic and social factors drove the enclosure movement. in particular, the demand for land in the seventeenth century, increasing regional specialisation, engrossment in landholding and a shift in beliefs regarding the importance of "common wealth" (usually implying common livelihoods) as opposed to the "public good" (the wealth of the nation or the gdp) all laid the groundwork for a shift of support among elites to favour enclosure. enclosures were conducted by agreement among the landholders (not necessarily the tenants) throughout the seventeenth century; enclosure by parliamentary act began in the eighteenth century. enclosed lands normally could demand higher rents than unenclosed, and thus landlords had an economic stake in enclosure, even if they did not intend to farm the land directly. while many villagers received plots in the newly enclosed manor, for small landholders this compensation was not always enough to offset the costs of enclosure and fencing. many historians believe that enclosure was an important factor in the reduction of small landholders in england, as compared to the continent, though others believe that this process had already begun from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. enclosure faced a great deal of popular resistance because of its effects on the household economies of smallholders and landless labourers. common rights had included not just the right of cattle or sheep grazing, but also the grazing of geese, foraging for pigs, gleaning, berrying, and fuel gathering. during the period of parliamentary enclosure, employment in agriculture did not fall, but failed to keep pace with the growing population.[ ] consequently, large numbers of people left rural areas to move into the cities where they became labourers in the industrial revolution. thus in a real way the english parliament, seeking to increase profits on farm land also created the workers needed to increase the rapid expansion of the factory work force, by forcing people out of the surround county into cities.[ ] by the end of the th century enclosure had been carried out in most parishes, leaving a village green, any foreshore below the high-tide mark and occasionally a lower number of small common pastures. many landowners became rich through the enclosure of the commons, while many ordinary folk had a centuries-old right taken away. land enclosure has been condemned as a gigantic swindle on the part of large landowners. in oliver goldsmith wrote the deserted village, deploring rural depopulation. an anonymous protest poem from the th century summed up the anti-enclosure feeling, and has been repeated in many variants since, even being applied to the contemporary privatization of the internet:[ ] the law locks up the man or woman who steals the goose from off the common, but lets the greater felon loose who steals the common from the goose.[ ] george orwell wrote in : stop to consider how the so-called owners of the land got hold of it. they simply seized it by force, afterwards hiring lawyers to provide them with title-deeds. in the case of the enclosure of the common lands, which was going on from about to , the land-grabbers did not even have the excuse of being foreign conquerors; they were quite frankly taking the heritage of their own countrymen, upon no sort of pretext except that they had the power to do so.[ ] in april , a paper signed "near dorchester", was addressed to the king (the newspapers taking notice of his majesty's desire to see the price of provisions lowered), to lay before him the evils of forestalling and engrossing. as examples of engrossing in the neighbourhood of dorchester, the writer instances the manors of came, whitcomb, muncton, and bockhampton. the first, he says, about thirty years before, had many inhabitants, many holding leasehold estates under the lord of the manor for three lives. some of these had estates of l.,[a] l.,[b] and l a year, being for the most part careful, industrious people, obliged to be careful to keep a little cash to keep the estate in the family if a life should drop. their corn was brought to market, and they were content with the market price. their cattle were sold in the same manner. their children when of proper age were married, and children begotten, without fear of poverty. but the lord had since turned out all the people, and the whole place was in his own hands, while not half the quantity of corn was sown that formerly had been. the writer also gives an account how one wm. taunton, though only a tenant of the dean and chapter of exon, was gradually getting the whole parish into his own hands. he says, comparing his own with past times, that formerly a farmer that occupied l. a year was thought a tolerable one, and he that occupied four or five hundred pounds a very great one indeed; but now they had farmers that occupied from one thousand to two thousand per annum, who did not want money to pay their rent, as did the little farmers, who were obliged to sell their corn, etc. the writer gives it as the general opinion that the kingdom had become greatly depopulated, some averring the population to have decreased by a fourth within the preceding hundred years. he further says: your majesty must put a stop to inclosures, or oblige ye lord of ye manor to keep up ye antient custom of it, and not suffer him to buy his tenant's interest; to have all the houses pulled down, and ye whole parish turn'd into a farm: this is a fashionable practice, and by none more yn jn° damer, esq., ye owner of came, and his brother lord milton.[ ] enclosure roads[edit] a parliamentary enclosure road near lazonby in cumbria. the roads were made as straight as possible, and the boundaries much wider than a cart width to reduce the ground damage of driving sheep and cattle. public roads through enclosed common land were made to an accepted width between boundaries. in the late eighteenth century this was at least feet (  m), but from the s this was decreased to feet (  m), and later feet as the normal maximum width. the reason for these wide roads to was to prevent excessive churning of the road bed, and allow easy movement of flocks and herds of animals.[ ] contemporary worldwide movements against enclosure[edit] 	abahlali basemjondolo in south africa 	the bhumi uchhed pratirodh committee in india 	the zapatista army of national liberation in mexico 	fanmi lavalas in haiti 	the free software foundation 	the homeless workers' movement in brazil 	the landless peoples movement in south africa 	the landless workers' movement in brazil 	narmada bachao andolan in india 	the western cape anti-eviction campaign in south africa see also[edit] 	british agricultural revolution 	gerrard winstanley and the diggers 	highland clearances 	lowland clearances 	primitive accumulation of capital 	swing riots 	abandoned village 	accumulation by dispossession in other countries[edit] 	bocage 	range war notes[edit] 	^ equivalent to £ , in . 	^ equivalent to £ , in . 	^ the cultural landscape: an introduction to human geography, james m. rubenstein, pearson publishing ( ) 	^ karl marx. "chapter das kapital". retrieved april . 	^ thompson, e.p. ( ). the making of the english working class. new york: pantheon books. p.  . lccn  - . oclc  . 	^ thompson , p.  . 	^ a comparison of the english historical enclosures with the (much later) german th century landflucht. engels, friedrich ( ). die mark (in german). die entwicklung des sozialismus von der utopie zur wissenschaft. hottingen (zurich). marx, karl; engels, friedrich. werke (in german) ( reprint of t st ed.). berlin: karl dietz. 	^ chambers & mingay , p.  . 	^ armstrong , p.  . 	^ hey , pp.  – . sfn error: no target: citerefhey (help) 	^ overton , pp.  	^ overton, mark ( ). agricultural revolution in england: the transformation if the agrarian economy – . cambridge university press. isbn  - - - - . 	^ marx, karl. "capital volume i, ch. the expropriation of the agricultural population". penguin classics, [ ]. trans. ben fowkes. 	^ hammond & hammond , pp.  – . 	^ beresford , p.  . 	^ more, thomas - utopia ( translation), chapter : discourses of raphael hythloday, of the best state of a commonwealth 	^ holeton, david r. "fynes moryson's itinerary: a sixteenth century english traveller's observations on bohemia, its reformation, and its liturgy" (pdf). the bohemian reformation and religious practice. prague. pp.  – . retrieved march . 	^ beresford , pp.  et seq. 	^ thirsk, joan ( ). the rural economy of england. history series. . a&c black. p.  . isbn  . retrieved august . [o]nly the overwhelming compulsion of population increase, together with accompanying price rises, can explain why enclosure made such swift progress and was such a burning issue in two separate periods […], the sixteenth and late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. 	^ thirsk , p.  . 	^ a b c d e monbiot, george ( february ). "a land reform manifesto". the guardian. retrieved march . 	^ buchanan sharp ( ), in contempt of all authority, berkeley: university of california press, isbn  - - - , ol  m, 	^ a b mccloskey , pp.  . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ mccloskey , pp.  – . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ mccloskey , pp.  – . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ mccloskey , pp.  . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ mccloskey , pp.  – . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ hammond j.l. and barbara, the village labourer – 	^ mccloskey , pp.  . sfn error: no target: citerefmccloskey (help) 	^ moore , pp.  , – . 	^ moore , p.  . 	^ moore , p.  . 	^ moore , pp.  – . 	^ thirsk , p.  . 	^ chambers & mingay , p.  . 	^ "industrial revolution". www.let.leidenuniv.nl. retrieved march . 	^ bastick, zach ( ). "our internet and freedom of speech 'hobbled by history': introducing plural control structures needed to redress a decade of linear policy" (pdf). european commission: european journal of epractice. policy lessons from a decade of egovernment, ehealth & einclusion ( ): – . 	^ "the goose and the commons". wealthandwant.com. retrieved march . 	^ orwell, george ( august ). "on the origins of property in land". cooperativindividualism.org. archived from the original on november . retrieved march . 	^ watt, robert, ed. ( ). "a letter to a member of parliament on the present high price of p.s". bibliotheca britannica. calendar of home office papers, – . p.  . retrieved march . 	^ transforming fell and valley, ian whyte. published by centre for north west regional studies, university of lancaster references[edit] 	armstrong, w a ( ). the influence of demographic factors on the position of the agricultural labourer in england and wales, c. – ". in "agricultural history review.". the agricultural history review. . british agricultural history society. pp.  – . 	beresford, maurice ( ). the lost villages of england (revised ed.). sutton. 	chambers, j. d.; mingay, g. e. ( ). the agricultural revolution – (reprinted ed.). batsford. 	court, w. h. b. ( ). a concise economic history of britain. cambridge university press. 	hammond, j. l.; hammond, barbara ( ). the village labourer – . london: longman. 	hey, david; halstead, john l.; hoyle, r. w.; short, brian m. ( ). david hey (ed.). themes in the oxford companion to family and local history. oxford: oxford university press. isbn  - - - - . 	johnson, arthur h. ( ). the disappearance of the small landowner. oxford: clarendon press. 	kropotkin, peter ( ). " . mutual aid amongst ourselves". mutual aid: a factor of evolution. retrieved march . 	lindley, keith ( ). fenland riots and the english revolution. 	mccloskey, donald. ( ) "economics of enclosure: a market analysis." pp - in european peasants and their markets: essays in agrarian economic history edited by w. n. parker & e.l. jones. eds ( ). online 	moore, barrington ( ). social origins of dictatorship and democracy: lord and peasant in the making of the modern world. boston, massachusetts: beacon press. 	neeson, j. m. ( ). commoners: common right, enclosure and social change in england, – . cambridge university press. isbn  - - - . 	polanyi, karl ( ). the great transformation. 	shaw-taylor, leigh ( ). "parliamentary enclosure and the emergence of an english agricultural proletariat". journal of economic history. ( ): – . jstor  . 	thirsk, joan ( ). tudor enclosures (oft reprinted ed.). the historical association. 	thompson, e. p. ( ). the making of the english working class. penguin. further reading[edit] 	beckett, j. v. ( ). "the disappearance of the cottager and the squatter from the english countryside: the hammonds revisited.". in holderness, b. a.; turner, michael (eds.). land, labour and agriculture,   . london: hambledon press. 	chambers, jonathan d. "enclosure and labour supply in the industrial revolution." economic history review . ( ): - . in jstor 	dahlman, carl j ( ). the open field system and beyond: a property rights analysis of an economic institution. cambridge university press. 	everitt, alan ( ). "common land". in thirsk, joan (ed.). the english rural landscape. oxford university press. 	gonner, e. c. k ( ). common land and inclosure. london: macmillan & co. [ ] 	humphries, j. ( ). "enclosures, commons rights, and women". journal of economic history. ( ): – . doi: . /s . 	mccloskey, donald n. "the enclosure of open fields: preface to a study of its impact on the efficiency of english agriculture in the eighteenth century." journal of economic history . ( ): - online. 	thirsk, joan ( december ). "the common fields". past and present. pp.  . 	literary references 	judt, tony ( march ). ill fares the land. allen lane/penguin. isbn  - - - - . (title taken from goldsmith's work the deserted village) 	marx, karl. " . expropriation of the agricultural population from the land". das kapital [capital]. marxists.org (in german). . retrieved march . 	the yellow admiral by patrick o'brian external links[edit] 		wikiquote has quotations related to: enclosure 		look up enclosure in wiktionary, the free dictionary. 		look up champaign in wiktionary, the free dictionary. 	laxton (open field village) 	enclosure as it affected an english midlands village in the nineteenth century 		v 	t 	e property 	by owner	 	collective 	common 	communal 	community 	crown 	customary 	cooperative 	private 	public 	self 	social 	state 	unowned 	by nature	 	estate 	croft 	intangible 	intellectual 	indigenous 	personal 	tangible 	real 	commons	 	common land 	common-pool resource 	digital 	global 	information 	knowledge 	theory	 	bundle of rights 	commodity 	fictitious commodities 	common good (economics) 	excludability 	first possession 	appropriation 	homestead principle 	free-rider problem 	game theory 	georgism 	gift economy 	labor theory of property 	law of rent 	rent-seeking 	legal plunder 	natural rights 	ownership 	property rights 	primogeniture 	usufruct 	women's 	right to property 	rivalry 	tragedy of the commons 	anticommons 	applications	 	 	acequia (watercourse) 	ejido (agrarian land) 	forest types 	huerta 	inheritance 	land tenure 	property law 	alienation 	easement 	restraint on alienation 	real estate 	title 	rights	 	air 	fishing 	forest-dwelling (india) 	freedom to roam 	grazing 	pannage 	hunting 	land 	aboriginal 	indigenous 	squatting 	littoral 	mineral 	bergregal 	right of way 	water 	prior-appropriation 	riparian 	disposession/ redistribution	 	bioprospecting 	collectivization 	eminent domain 	enclosure 	eviction 	expropriation 	farhud 	forced migration 	population transfer 	illegal fishing 	illegal logging 	land reform 	legal plunder 	piracy 	poaching 	primitive accumulation 	privatization 	regulatory taking 	slavery 	bride buying 	human trafficking 	spousal 	husband-selling 	wife selling 	wage 	tax 	inheritance 	poll 	progressive 	property 	theft 	scholars (key work)	 	frédéric bastiat 	ronald coase 	henry george 	garrett hardin 	david harvey 	john locke 	two treatises of government 	karl marx 	marcel mauss 	the gift 	john stuart mill 	elinor ostrom 	karl polanyi 	the great transformation 	pierre-joseph proudhon 	what is property? 	david ricardo 	murray n. rothbard 	the ethics of liberty 	jean-jacques rousseau 	the social contract 	adam smith 	the wealth of nations 	 	 categories: property 	property law 	by country 	 	v 	t 	e agriculture in the united kingdom 	 	economy of the united kingdom 	agriculture 	companies	 	adas (company) 	arla foods uk 	bernard matthews 	faccenda foods 	farmcare 	frontier agriculture 	genus 	müller milk & ingredients 	nfu mutual 	norbrook group 	openfield 	saputo dairy uk 	vestey group 	conservation	 	grazing marsh 	hedgerow removal 	rare breeds survival trust 	government and regulation	 	agricultural land classification 	agriculture and horticulture development board 	potato council 	meat and livestock commission 	animal and plant health agency 	british cattle movement service 	the country code 	crown estate 	department of agriculture, environment and rural affairs 	department for environment, food and rural affairs 	institute for animal health 	legislation 	quality meat scotland 	natural england 	rights of way in scotland 	rural payments agency 	scottish government economy directorates 	single payment scheme 	history	 	 	agricultural revolution 	british timber trade 	celtic field 	common land 	corn laws 	diggers 	dutch barn 	enclosure 	haughley experiment 	highland clearances 	highland potato famine 	lowland clearances 	napier commission 	rationing 	run rig 	rural reconstruction association 	scottish agricultural revolution 	swing riots 	victory garden 	women's land army - 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wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	multi-project wafer service 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		multi-project chip (mpc), also known as multi-project wafer (mpw), services integrate onto microelectronics wafers a number of different integrated circuit designs from various teams including designs from private firms, students and researchers from universities. because ic fabrication costs are extremely high, it makes sense to share mask and wafer resources to produce designs in low quantities. worldwide, several mpw services are available from government-supported institutions or from private firms including canadian microelectronics corporation (cmc),[ ] mosis,[ ] cmp,[ ] europractice,[ ] esilicon,[ ], wafercatalyst[ ], and muse semiconductor [ ]. the first well known mpw service was mosis (metal oxide silicon implementation service), established by darpa as a technical and human infrastructure for vlsi. mosis began in after lynn conway organized the first vlsi system design course at mit in . mosis primarily services commercial users now but continues to serve university students and researchers. with mosis, designs are submitted for fabrication using either open (i.e., non-proprietary) vlsi layout design rules or vendor proprietary rules. designs are pooled into common lots and run through the fabrication process at foundries. the completed chips (packaged or unpackaged) are returned to customers. baysand announced their asic mpw shuttle program, named asic ultrashuttle.[ ] baysand stated that their shuttle program enables customer to tapeout from rtl and baysand will deliver units of tested, packaged chips within weeks.[ ] many silicon fabrication facilities offer mpw runs or a company can produce its own mpw, e.g. combine several of its own designs to form one wafer completely owned by the company. in the latter case, it may be profitable to use most of the wafer for production chips and a small portion for producing prototypes of next generation chips. references[edit] 	^ http://www.cmc.ca/ 	^ http://www.mosis.com/ 	^ http://cmp.imag.fr/ 	^ http://www.europractice-ic.com/ 	^ http://www.esilicon.com/ 	^ http://www.wafercat.com 	^ http://www.musesemi.com/ 	^ "baysand to initiate a unique low cost multi project wafer (mpw) program". baysand inc. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "multi project wafer program (mpw) - baysand's asic ultrashuttle". baysand inc. retrieved - - . external links[edit] 	the m.i.t. vlsi system design course retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=multi-project_wafer_service&oldid= " 		categories: 	electronic design automation 	electronic engineering 	semiconductor device fabrication 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			Русский 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 illegal immigration - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	illegal immigration 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		"illegals" redirects here. for the russian spy network, see illegals program. for the band, see los illegals. "illegal residence" redirects here. for the building of illegal housing, see illegal construction. see also: illegal emigration migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country a large group of people claimed by the u.s. customs and border protection to be undocumented immigrants. illegal immigration refers to the migration of people into a country through means that violates the immigration laws of that country, or the continued residence of people without the legal right to live in that country. illegal immigration tends to be financially upward, from poorer to richer countries.[ ] illegal residence in another country creates the risk of detention, deportation, and/or other sanctions.[ ] asylum seekers who are denied asylum may face impediment to expulsion if the home country refuses to receive the person or if new asylum evidence emerges after the decision. in some cases, these people are considered undocumented immigrants, and in others, they may receive a temporary residence permit, for example with reference to the principle of non-refoulement in the international refugee convention. the european court of human rights, referring to the european convention on human rights, has shown in a number of indicative judgments that there are enforcement barriers to expulsion to certain countries, for example, due to the risk of torture.[ ] contents 	 terminology 	 . campaigns against the term "illegal" 	 . usage 	 . . news media 	 . . u.s. government 	 effects of illegal immigration 	 . economy and labor market 	 reasons for illegal immigration 	 . poverty 	 . overpopulation 	 . family reunification 	 . asylum 	 . deprivation of citizenship 	 . education 	 problems faced by undocumented immigrants 	 . lack of access to services 	 . slavery 	 . kidnapping and ransoms 	 . prostitution 	 . exploitation of labour 	 . injury and illness 	 . . death 	 methods 	 . illegal border crossing 	 . overstaying visa 	 . sham marriages 	 irregular immigrant populations by country or region 	 . africa 	 . . angola 	 . . south africa 	 . south to east asia 	 . . bangladesh 	 . . bhutan 	 . . india 	 . . malaysia 	 . . pakistan 	 . . philippines 	 . . south korea 	 . . other countries 	 . americas 	 . . brazil 	 . . canada 	 . . mexico 	 . . united states 	 . . other countires 	 . eurasia and oceania 	 . . australia 	 . . russia 	 . . turkey 	 . europe 	 . . france 	 . . hungary 	 . . united kingdom 	 . . other countries 	 . middle east 	 . . iran 	 . . israel 	 . . libya 	 . . saudi arabia 	 . . syria 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading terminology[edit] there are campaigns that discourage the use of the term illegal immigrant, generally based on the argument that the act of immigrating illegally does not make the people themselves illegal, but rather they are "people who have immigrated illegally." depending on jurisdiction, culture, or context, terms used instead of illegal immigrant can include irregular migrant, undocumented immigrant, undocumented person, unauthorized immigrant, and illegal alien.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] in some contexts the term illegal immigrants is shortened, often pejoratively,[ ] to "illegals".[ ][ ][ ][ ] campaigns against the term "illegal"[edit] in the united states, a "drop the i-word" campaign was launched in advocating for the use of such terms as undocumented immigrants or unauthorized immigrants when referring to the foreign nationals who reside in a country illegally.[ ] in europe, the platform for international cooperation on undocumented migrants (picum) launched its international "words matter"[ ] campaign in to promote the use of the terms undocumented or irregular migrants instead of illegal.[ ][ ][ ][ ] usage[edit] irregular migration is a related term that is sometimes used, e.g., by the international organization for migration; however, because of the word migration, this term describes a somewhat wider concept which also includes illegal emigration.[ ] news media[edit] news associations that have discontinued or discourage (excluding direct quotations) the use of the adjective illegal to qualify nouns that describe people include the associated press (us),[ ] press association (uk), european journalism observatory,[ ] european journalism centre,[ ] association of european journalists, australian press council,[ ] and media, entertainment and arts alliance (au).[ ] related terms that describe actions are not similarly discouraged by these campaigns. for example, the associated press continues to use the term illegal immigration, whereby illegal describes the action rather than the person.[ ] on the other hand, the term undocumented has been cited by the new york times as a "term preferred by many immigrants and their advocates, but it has a flavor of euphemism and should be used with caution outside quotation."[ ] newsweek questions the use of the phrase undocumented immigrants as a method of euphemistic framing, namely, "a psychological technique that can influence the perception of social phenomena."[ ] newsweek also suggests that persons who enter a country unlawfully cannot be entirely "undocumented," as they "just lack the certain specific documents for legal residency and employment," while "[m]any have driver's licences, debit cards, library cards, and school identifications which are useful documents in specific contexts but not nearly so much for immigration."[ ] for example, in the us, youths brought into the country illegally are granted access to public k- education and benefits regardless of citizenship status;[ ] therefore the youths are not entirely undocumented, since they are in fact documented for educational purposes. u.s. government[edit] title of the us code is the portion of united states law that contains legislation on citizenship, nationality, and immigration, with such laws using the phrase illegal immigrant at least in some contexts. defining the legal term alien as "any person not a citizen or national of the united states,"[ ] terminology used in title includes illegal alien ( times), unauthorized alien ( times), undocumented alien ( times), illegal immigrant ( times), undocumented person ( times), and others.[ ] an analysis by politifact, however, concluded that the term illegal alien "occurs scarcely, often undefined or part of an introductory title or limited to apply to certain individuals convicted of felonies."[ ] in the united states, while overstaying a visa is a civil violation handled by immigration court, entering (including re-entering) the us without approval from an immigration officer is a crime; specifically a misdemeanor on the first offense. illegal reentry after deportation is a felony offense. this is the distinction between the larger group referred to as unauthorized immigrants and the smaller subgroup referred to as criminal immigrants.[ ][failed verification] effects of illegal immigration[edit] further information: human migration § theories for migration for work in the st century economy and labor market[edit] further information: economic results of migration, economic migrant, and unreported employment research on the economic effects of illegal immigration is scant but existing studies suggest that the effects can be positive for the native population,[ ][ ] and for public coffers.[ ][ ] one study shows that "increasing deportation rates and tightening border control weakens low-skilled labor markets, increasing unemployment of native low-skilled workers. legalization, instead, decreases the unemployment rate of low-skilled natives and increases income per native."[ ] studies show that legalization of undocumented immigrants would boost the u.s. economy: a study found that granting amnesty to undocumented immigrants would raise their incomes by a quarter (increasing u.s. gdp by approximately $ .  trillion over a -year period);[ ] a study found that "legalization would increase the economic contribution of the unauthorized population by about %, to . % of private-sector gdp;"[ ] and national bureau of economic research paper found that undocumented immigrants to the united states "generate higher surplus for us firms relative to natives, hence restricting their entry has a depressing effect on job creation and, in turn, on native labor markets."[ ] according to economist george borjas, immigrants may have caused the decline of real wages of us workers without a high school degree by % between and due to increased competition.[ ] other economists, such as gordon hanson, criticized these findings.[ ] douglas massey argues that developed countries need unskilled immigrant labor to fill undesirable jobs, which citizens do not seek regardless of wages.[ ] massey argues that this may refute claims that undocumented immigrants are "lowering wages" or stealing jobs from native-born workers, and that it instead shows that undocumented immigrants "take jobs that no one else wants."[ ] a paper by spanish economists found that, upon legalizing the undocumented immigrant population in spain, the fiscal revenues increased by around € , per newly legalized immigrant.[ ] the paper found that the wages of the newly legalized immigrants increased after legalization, some low-skilled natives had worse labor market outcomes and high-skilled natives had improved labor market outcomes.[ ] since the decline of working class blue-collar jobs in manufacturing and industry, younger native-born generations have acquired higher education. in the us, only % of the labor force has less than a high school education, but % of irregular workers from mexico lack a high school degree.[ ] the majority of new blue-collar jobs qualify as massey's "underclass" work, and suffer from unreliability, subservient roles and, critically, a lack of potential for advancement. these "underclass" jobs, which have a disproportionate number of undocumented immigrants, include harvesting crops, unskilled labor in landscaping and construction, house-cleaning, and maid and busboy work in hotels and restaurants. however, as even these "underclass" jobs have higher relative wages than those in home countries they are still attractive for undocumented immigrants and since many undocumented immigrants often anticipate working only temporarily in the destination country, the lack of opportunity for advancement is seen by many as less of a problem. support for this claim can be seen in a pew hispanic center poll of over , undocumented immigrants from mexico in the us, which found that % would voluntarily join a temporary worker program that allowed them to work legally for several years but then required them to leave.[ ] from this, it is assumed that the willingness to take undesirable jobs is what gives undocumented immigrants their employment.[ ] evidence for this may be seen in the average wages of undocumented day laborers in california, which was between $ and $ per hour according to a study, and the fact that this was higher than many entry-level white collar or service jobs.[ ] entry-level white collar and service jobs offer advancement opportunities only for people with work permits and citizenship. research[which?] indicates that the advantage to firms employing undocumented immigrants increases as more firms in the industry do so, further increases with the breadth[clarification needed] of a firm's market, and also with the labor intensity of the firm's production process. however, the advantage decreases with the skill level of the firm's workers, meaning that undocumented immigrants do not provide as much competitive advantage when a high-skilled workforce is required.[ ] reasons for illegal immigration[edit] poverty[edit] undocumented immigrants are not impoverished by the standards of their home countries. the poorest classes in a developing country may lack the resources needed to mount an attempt to cross illegally, or the connections to friends or family already in the destination country. studies from the pew hispanic center have shown that the education and wage levels of undocumented mexican immigrants in the us are around the median for mexico and that they are not a suitable predictor of one's choice to immigrate.[ ] other examples do show that increases in poverty, especially when associated with immediate crises, can increase the likelihood of illegal migration. the economic crisis in mexico, subsequent to the start of the north american free trade agreement (nafta), was associated with widespread poverty and a lower valuation for the peso relative to the dollar.[ ] it also marked the start of a massive swell in mexican immigration, in which net illegal migration to the us increased every year from the mid- s until the mid- s. there are also examples where natural disasters and overpopulation can amplify poverty-driven migration flows.[ ] overpopulation[edit] further information: human overpopulation population growth that exceeds the carrying capacity of an area or environment results in overpopulation.[ ] virginia abernethy notes that immigration is a road that provides a "relief valve" to overpopulation that stops a population from addressing the consequences of its overpopulation and that exports this overpopulation to another location or country.[ ] overpopulation and its consequences is a bigger issue in developing countries. family reunification[edit] some undocumented immigrants seek to live with loved ones, such as a spouse or other family members.[ ][ ][ ] having a family who have immigrated or being from a community with many immigrants is a much better predictor of one's choice to immigrate than poverty.[ ] family reunification visas may be applied for by legal residents or naturalized citizens to bring their family members into a destination state legally, but these visas may be limited in number and subject to yearly quotas. this may result in family members entering illegally in order to reunify. from studying mexican migration patterns, douglas massey finds that the likelihood that a mexican national will emigrate illegally to the us increases dramatically if they have one or more family members already residing in the united states, legally or illegally.[ ] asylum[edit] arrested refugees/immigrants in fylakio detention centre, evros, northern greece. unauthorised arrival into another country may be prompted by the need to escape civil war or repression in the country of origin. however, somebody who flees such a situation is in most countries under no circumstances an undocumented immigrant.[citation needed] if victims of forced displacement apply for asylum in the country they fled to and are granted refugee status they have the right to remain permanently. if asylum seekers are not granted some kind of legal protection status, then they may have to leave the country, or stay as irregular immigrants. according to the refugee convention refugees should be exempted from immigration laws and should expect protection from the country they entered.[ ] it is, however, up to the countries involved to decide if a particular immigrant is a refugee or not, and hence whether they are subject to the immigration controls. furthermore, countries that did not sign the refugee convention or do not attempt to follow its guidelines are likely to consider refugees and asylum seekers as irregular immigrants. deprivation of citizenship[edit] see also: denaturalization in a news story, the csm reported, "the estimated , rohingya, one of the most miserable and oppressed minorities in the world, are deeply resentful of their almost complete absence of civil rights in myanmar. in , the military junta stripped the rohingya of their myanmar citizenship, classing them as irregular immigrants and rendering them stateless."[ ] in some countries, people born on national territory (henceforth not "immigrants") do not automatically obtain the nationality of their birthplace, and may have no legal title of residency.[ ] education[edit] families want to have better lives for their children and to succeed. in the article "learning to be illegal" it discusses the safety the children have in k- schooling. the children are guaranteed education in a safe environment.[ ] problems faced by undocumented immigrants[edit] aside from the possibility that they may be intercepted and deported, undocumented immigrants also face other problems.[ ] lack of access to services[edit] undocumented immigrants usually have no or very limited access to public health systems, proper housing, education and banks. some immigrants forge identity documents to get the access.[citation needed] slavery[edit] main article: human trafficking for example, research at san diego state university estimates that there are .  million victims of human trafficking among irregular mexican immigrants in the united states.[ ] some workers are smuggled into the united states and canada by human traffickers.[ ] people have been kidnapped or tricked into slavery to work as laborers, after entering the country, for example in factories. those trafficked in this manner often face additional barriers to escaping slavery, since their status as undocumented immigrants makes it difficult for them to gain access to help or services. for example, burmese women trafficked into thailand and forced to work in factories or as prostitutes may not speak the language and may be vulnerable to abuse by police due to their undocumented immigrant status.[ ] kidnapping and ransoms[edit] in some regions, people that are still en route to their destination country are also sometimes kidnapped, for example for ransom. in some instances, they are also tortured, raped, and killed if the requested ransom does not arrive. one case in point are the eritrean migrants that are en route to israel. a large number of them are captured in north sinai (egypt) and eastern sudan and held in the buildings in north sinai.[ ][ ] prostitution[edit] main article: sex trafficking some people forced into sexual slavery face challenges of charges of illegal immigration.[ ] since the fall of the iron curtain, western europe is being confronted with a serious problem related to the sexual exploitation of undocumented immigrants (especially from eastern europe), for the purpose of prostitution.[ ] in the united states, human trafficking victims often pass through the porous border with mexico. in an effort to curb the spread of this affliction, california attorney general kamala harris and mexico attorney general marisela morales ibáñez signed an accord in to expand prosecutions of criminals typically members of transnational gangs who engage in the trafficking of human beings between the two countries.[ ] exploitation of labour[edit] main article: exploitation of labour most countries have laws requiring workers to have proper documentation, often intended to prevent or minimize the employment of undocumented immigrants.[citation needed] however the penalties against employers are often small and the acceptable identification requirements vague, ill-defined and seldom checked or enforced, making it easy for employers to hire illegal labor.[citation needed] where the minimum wage is several times the prevailing wage in the home country, employers sometimes pay less than the legal minimum wage or have unsafe working conditions, relying on the reluctance of undocumented workers to report the violations to the authorities.[ ][citation needed] injury and illness[edit] the search for employment is central to illegal international migration.[ ] according to data from the u.s. census bureau, undocumented immigrants in the united states often work in dangerous industries such as agriculture and construction.[ ] a recent study suggests that the complex web of consequences resulting from irregular immigrant status limits irregular workers' ability to stay safe at work.[ ] in addition to physical danger at work, the choice to immigrate for work often entails work-induced lifestyle factors which impact the physical, mental and social health of immigrants and their families.[ ] death[edit] each year there are several hundred deaths along the u.s.–mexico border[ ] of immigrants crossing the border illegally. death by exposure occurs in the deserts of southwestern united states during the hot summer season.[ ] in there were approximately , migrant deaths, with about % of deaths occurring within the mediterranean.[ ] methods[edit] illegal border crossing[edit] border patrol at sea by the u.s. customs and border protection hmc vigilant, one of several customs cutters of the uk border force, and capable of speeds up to knots, departing portsmouth naval base. immigrants from countries that do not have automatic visa agreements, or who would not otherwise qualify for a visa, often cross the borders illegally in some areas like the united states–mexico border, the mona channel between the dominican republic and puerto rico, the strait of gibraltar, fuerteventura, and the strait of otranto. because these methods are illegal, they are often dangerous. would-be immigrants have been known to suffocate in shipping containers,[ ] boxcars,[ ] and trucks,[ ] sink in shipwrecks caused by unseaworthy vessels, die of dehydration[ ] or exposure during long walks without water. an official estimate puts the number of people who died in illegal crossings across the u.s.–mexican border between and at , (see immigrant deaths along the u.s.-mexico border). human smuggling is the practice of intermediaries aiding undocumented immigrants in crossing over international borders in financial gain, often in large groups. human smuggling differs from, but is sometimes associated with, human trafficking. a human smuggler will facilitate illegal entry into a country for a fee, but on arrival at their destination, the smuggled person is usually free. trafficking involves a process of using physical force, fraud, or deception to obtain and transport people. types of notorious human smugglers include snakehead gangs present in mainland china (especially in fujian) that smuggle laborers into pacific rim states (making chinatowns frequent centers of illegal immigration) and "coyotes", who smuggle undocumented immigrants to the southwestern united states and have been known to abuse or even kill their passengers.[ ] sometimes undocumented immigrants are abandoned by their human traffickers if there are difficulties, often dying in the process. others may be victims of intentional killing. overstaying visa[edit] many undocumented immigrants are migrants who originally arrive in a country lawfully but overstay their authorized residence (overstaying a visa).[ ][ ] for example, most of the estimated , undocumented immigrants in canada (perhaps as high as , ) are refugee claimants whose refugee applications were rejected but who have not yet been expelled from the country.[ ] another example is formed by children of foreigners born in countries observing jus soli ("right of territory"), such as was the case in france until [ ] and in ireland until .[ ] in these countries, it was possible to obtain french or irish nationality (respectively) solely by being born in france before or in ireland before [ ] (respectively). at present, a french born child of foreign parents does not automatically obtain french nationality until residency duration conditions are met.[ ] since january , a child born in ireland does not automatically acquire irish nationality unless certain conditions are met.[ ] sham marriages[edit] some people enter into sham marriages, whereby marriage is contracted into for purely immigration advantage by a couple who are not in a genuine relationship. common reasons for sham marriages are to gain immigration (i.e., immigration fraud),[ ][ ] residency, work, or citizenship rights for one or both of the spouses, or for other benefits. in the united kingdom, those who arrange, participate in, or officiate over a sham marriage may be charged with a number of offenses, including assisting unlawful immigration and conspiracy to facilitate a breach of immigration law.[ ] the united states has a penalty of a $ , fine and five-year prison sentence for such arrangements.[ ] the u.s. immigration and customs enforcement (ice) and the justice department say that they do not have accurate numbers on the rate of attempted marriage fraud.[ ] in the fiscal year, ( . %) of the , petitions filed were denied for suspected fraud; % were denied on other grounds.[ ] irregular immigrant populations by country or region[edit] this list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. africa[edit] angola[edit] main article: illegal immigration in angola in around , congolese were forced to leave angola.[ ] since , more than , irregular immigrants, almost all from the democratic republic of the congo, have been expelled from angola.[ ][ ] south africa[edit] main article: illegal immigration in south africa no accurate estimates of the number of undocumented migrants living in south africa exist.[ ] estimates that have been published vary widely. a human sciences research council study estimated that there were between .  million and .  million undocumented migrants in the country. in their / annual report, the south african police service stated: "according to various estimates, the number of undocumented immigrants in south africa may vary between three and six million people". other estimates have put the figure as high as  million.[ ] as of april  [update], statistics south africa's official estimate is of between , and one million undocumented migrants.[ ] a large number of zimbabweans have fled to south africa as a result of instability in zimbabwe, with many living as undocumented migrants in south africa.[ ][ ][ ] sociologist alice bloch notes that migrants in south africa have been the victims of xenophobia and violence, regardless of their immigration status.[ ] south to east asia[edit] bangladesh[edit] there are about .  million indians living in bangladesh illegally as of .[ ][ ] the undocumented migrants are mainly from the poorest states in india including west bengal, meghalaya, assam and manipur, which surround bangladesh. they illegally immigrate to bangladesh in search of jobs in the metropolitan hubs and a better standard of living. bangladesh is fifth among the nations sending highest remittances to india. indians working in bangladesh sent more than $ .  billion back to india in .[ ] there is a significant number of burmese undocumented immigrants in bangladesh. as of , the bangladesh government estimated about , undocumented burmese immigrants living across bangladesh.[ ] bhutan[edit] main article: illegal immigration in bhutan immigration in bhutan by nepalese settlers (lhotshampa) began slowly towards the end of the th century. the government passed the bhutanese citizenship act to clarify and try to enforce the bhutanese citizenship act to control the flood of illegal immigration. those individuals who could not provide proof of residency prior to were adjudged to be undocumented immigrants. in and , bhutan expelled roughly , ethnic nepalis, most of whom have been living in seven refugee camps in eastern nepal ever since. the united states has offered to resettle , of the , bhutanese refugees of nepalese origin now living in u.n. refugee camps in nepal. the bhutanese government, even today, has not been able to sort the problem of giving citizenship to those people who are married to bhutanese, even though they have been in the country for years.[ ] india[edit] main article: illegal immigration in india abvp against bangladeshi undocumented immigrants it is estimated that several tens of millions of undocumented immigrants live in india. precise figures are not available, but the numbers run in tens of millions, at least  million are from bangladesh, others being from pakistan, afghanistan and others.[ ] according to the government of india, there at least  million undocumented immigrants from bangladesh alone.[ ] this makes india the country with the largest number of undocumented immigrants in the world.[ ] during the bangladesh liberation war at least  million bangladeshis crossed into india illegally to seek refuge from widespread rape and genocide.[ ] according to indian home ministry, at least .  million bangladeshi crossed over into india in the last decade alone.[ ] samir guha roy of the indian statistical institute called these estimates "motivatedly exaggerated". after examining the population growth and demographic statistics, roy instead states that a significant numbers of internal migration is sometimes falsely thought to be immigrants. an analysis of the numbers by roy revealed that on average around bangladeshi nationals might have crossed over to india every year during the years – but how many of them were identified and pushed back is not known. it is possible that a large portion of these irregular immigrants returned on their own to their place of origin.[ ] according to a pro-indian scholar, the trip to india from bangladesh is one of the cheapest in the world, with a trip costing around rs. (around $ us), which includes the fee for the "tour operator". as bangladeshis are cultural similar to the bengali people in india, they are able to pass off as indian citizens and settle down in any part of india to establish a future.,[ ] for a very small price. this false identity can be bolstered with false documentation available for as little as rs. ($ us) can even make them part of the vote bank.[ ] india is constructing barriers on its eastern borders to combat the surge of migrants. the indo-bangladeshi barrier is ,  km ( ,  mi) long. presently, india is constructing a fence along the border to restrict illegal traffic from bangladesh.[ ] this obstruction will virtually isolate bangladesh from india. the barrier's plan is based on the designs of the israeli west bank barrier and will be .  m ( .  ft) high. the stated aim of the fence is to stop infiltration of terrorists, prevent smuggling, and end illegal immigration from bangladesh.[ ][ ] malaysia[edit] main article: illegal immigration to malaysia there are an estimated , undocumented immigrants in malaysia.[ ] in january , malaysia banned the hiring of foreign workers in factories, stores and restaurants to protect its citizens from mass unemployment amid the late s recession.[ ] an ethnic indian malaysian was recently sentenced to whipping and months in prison for hiring six undocumented immigrants at his restaurant. "i think that after this, malaysian employers will be afraid to take in foreign workers (without work permits). they will think twice", said immigration department prosecutor azlan abdul latiff. "this is the first case where an employer is being sentenced to caning", he said. undocumented immigrants also face caning before being deported.[ ] pakistan[edit] main articles: illegal immigration to pakistan and immigration to pakistan § illegal aliens as of , . % of the population of pakistan had foreign origins, however the number of immigrants population in pakistan recently grew sharply. immigrants from south asia make up a growing proportion of immigrants in pakistan. the five largest immigrant groups in pakistan are in turn afghans,[ ] bangladeshi,[ ] tajiks, uzbeks, turkmens, iranians, indians, sri lankan, burmese[ ][ ] and britons[ ] including a sizeable number of those of pakistani origin. other significant expatriate communities in the country are armenians, australians, turks, chinese,[ ] americans,[ ] filipinos,[ ] bosnians[ ] and many others. migrants from different countries of arab world specially egypt, iraq, palestine, syria, kuwait, libya, saudi arabia, and yemen are in thousands. nearly all undocumented migrants in pakistan are muslim refugees and they are accepted by the local population. there is no political support or legislation to deport these refugees from pakistan. philippines[edit] it was estimated by teresita ang-see, a prominent leader and activist of the chinese filipino community, that by , as much as , undocumented immigrants from china are living in the philippines, a tenth of the ethnic chinese population. the latest influx has come in part because of manila's move in to liberalise entry procedures for chinese tourists and investors, a move that helped triple the number of chinese visitors to , last year. many of the new chinese immigrants encounter hostility from many filipinos, including filipino-born chinese, for being perceived as engaging in criminal activities and fraud.[ ] south korea[edit] according to the republic of korea immigration service, as of december , there were , undocumented immigrants, which is . % of , , total foreign nationals who resided in south korea. most undocumented immigrants in south korea are asian. the top home countries of those undocumented immigrants all came from other asian countries with china at number followed by thailand, vietnam, philippines, mongolia, indonesia, uzbekistan, bangladesh, sri lanka and cambodia.[ ] other countries[edit] 	china: (see illegal immigration in china.) china is building a security barrier along its border with north korea to prevent the defectors or refugees from north korea.[ ] also, many undocumented immigrants from mongolia have tried to make it to china. there might be as many as , africans in guangzhou, mostly undocumented overstayers.[ ] to encourage people to report foreigners living illegally in china, the police are giving a yuan reward to whistle blowers whose information successfully leads to an expulsion.[ ] 	nepal: in , nepal's maoist-led government has initiated a major crackdown against tibetan exiles with the aim to deport to china all tibetans living illegally in the country. tibetans started pouring into nepal after a failed anti-chinese uprising in tibet in .[ ] 	thailand: (see illegal immigration to thailand.) americas[edit] brazil[edit] see also: illegal immigration in brazil brazil has long been part of international migration routes. in , the government estimated the number of undocumented immigrants at about , people; a catholic charity working with immigrants said there were , undocumented immigrants ( , of whom were from bolivia). that same year, the national congress of brazil approved an amnesty, opening a six-month window for all foreigners to seek legalization irrespective of their previous standing before the law. brazil had last legalized all immigrants in ; bilateral deals, one of which promoted the legalization of all reciprocal immigrants with bolivia to date, signed in , are also common.[ ] undocumented immigrants in brazil enjoy the same legal privileges as native brazilians regarding access to social services such as public education and the brazilian public healthcare system.[ ] a federal police operation investigated chinese immigrants who traveled through six countries before arriving in são paulo to work under substandard conditions in the textile industry.[ ] after signing the amnesty bill into law, president lula da silva said, in a speech, that "repression and intolerance against immigrants will not solve the problems caused by" the financial crisis of – , thereby also harshly criticizing the "policy of discrimination and prejudice" against immigrants in developed nations. an october piece from o globo, quoting a undp study, estimates the number of undocumented immigrants at .  million,[ ] and points out to a recent wave of xenophobia among the general populace.[ ] canada[edit] main article: illegal immigration in canada there is no credible information available on illegal immigration in canada. estimates range between , and , undocumented immigrants in canada.[ ] james bissett, a former head of the canadian immigration service, has suggested that the lack of any credible refugee screening process, combined with a high likelihood of ignoring any deportation orders, has resulted in tens of thousands of outstanding warrants for the arrest of rejected refugee claimants, with little attempt at enforcement.[ ] refugee claimants in canada do not have to attempt re-entry to learn the status of their claim. a report by the auditor general sheila fraser stated that canada has lost track of as many as , undocumented immigrants.[ ][ ] this number was predicted to increase drastically with the expiration of temporary employer work permits issued in and , which were not renewed in many cases because of the shortage of work due to the recession.[ ] mexico[edit] main article: illegal immigration in mexico in the first six months of , more than , people from central america were deported, as compared to , when for the entire year, only , were deported.[ ] people of han chinese origin pay about $ , to smugglers to be taken to mexico from hong kong. it is estimated that . % of rejections for work permits in mexico correspond to chinese citizens.[ ] in a news story, usa today reported, "... mexico's arizona-style law requires local police to check ids. and mexican police freely engage in racial profiling and routinely harass central american migrants, say immigration activists."[ ] many women from eastern europe, asia, and central and south america take jobs at table dance establishments in large cities. the national institute of migration (inm) in mexico raids strip clubs and deports foreigners who work without proper documentation.[ ] in , the inm deported , people at a cost of us$  million.[ ] in september , mexican president calderón harshly criticized the united states government for the crackdown on undocumented immigrants, saying it has led to the persecution of immigrant workers without visas. "i have said that mexico does not stop at its border, that wherever there is a mexican, there is mexico", he said.[ ] however, mexico has also deported us citizens, deporting , cases in and , in .[ ] illegal immigration of cubans through cancún tripled from to .[ ] in october , mexico tightened its immigration rules and agreed to deport cubans who use the country as an entry point to the us. it also criticized us policy that generally allows cubans who reach us territory to stay. cuban foreign minister said the cuban-mexican agreement would lead to "the immense majority of cubans being repatriated."[ ] united states[edit] undocumented immigrant rights march for amnesty in downtown los angeles, california on may day, main articles: illegal immigration to the united states, illegal immigrant population of the united states, and illegal immigration to puerto rico see also: central american migrant caravans, coyote (person), and deferred action for childhood arrivals approximately  million undocumented immigrants were estimated to be living in the united states in .[ ] the pew hispanic center estimated that this peaked at  million in march and declined to million again in march .[ ] the majority of the undocumented immigrants are from mexico.[ ] the issue of illegal immigration has long been controversial in the united states. in , president george w. bush called for congress to endorse his guest worker proposal, stating that undocumented immigrants took jobs that americans would not take.[ ] the pew hispanic center notes that while the number of legal immigrants arriving has not varied substantially since the s, the number of undocumented immigrants has increased dramatically and, since the mid- s, has surpassed the number of legal immigrants.[ ] penalties for employers of undocumented immigrants, of $ , –$ , and up to six months' imprisonment,[ ] go largely unenforced. political groups like americans for legal immigration have formed to demand enforcement of immigration laws and secure borders. alipac has also called for "safe departure" border checkpoints, free of criminal checks.[ ] in a news story, the los angeles times reported, ...illegal immigrants in were parents of . million children, . million of whom were born in the u.s. and are citizens. because illegal immigrants are younger and more likely to be married, they represented a disproportionate share of births— % of the babies born in the u.s. between march and march were to at least one illegal immigrant parent.[ ] immigration from mexico to the united states has slowed in recent years.[ ] this has been attributed to the slowing of the u.s. economy, the buildup in security along the border and increased violence on the mexican side of the mexico–united states border.[ ] in , the library of congress announced it would use "noncitizens" and "unauthorized immigration" rather than "illegal aliens" as a bibliographical term. it said the once common phrase had become offensive, and was not precise.[ ] however, as of june it still uses "illegal aliens".[ ] in , attorney general jeff sessions instructed the us attorneys offices not to use the term "undocumented immigrants", but to instead refer to people as "illegal aliens".[ ] other countires[edit] 	venezuela: an estimated , colombians have fled the colombian civil war and sought safety in venezuela. most of them lack identity documents and this hampers their access to services, as well as to the labor market. the venezuelan government has no specific policies on refugees.[ ][ ] a much greater number of venezuelans entered colombia trying to escape from the political, economic and humanitarian crisis in the st century, especially during the last five to years.[ ][ ] 	chile: chile has recently become a new pole of attraction for undocumented immigrants, mostly from neighboring peru and bolivia but also ecuador, colombia, dominican republic, paraguay, venezuela and haiti. according to the national census, chile's foreign-born foreign population has increased by % since .[ ] 	dominican republic: the dominican republic is a nation that shares the island of hispaniola with haiti. an estimated , , haitians live and work in the dominican republic, which has a total population of about ten million. the percentage of haitians that have illegally immigrated to the dominican republic is not accurately known, and "many dominicans have come to resent the influx of lower-paid workers from across the border and have sought to make their country less hospitable to noncitizens."[ ] (see also haitians in the dominican republic.) eurasia and oceania[edit] australia[edit] main article: immigration in australia official government sources put the number of visa overstayers in australia at approximately , . this has been the official number of undocumented immigrants for about years and is considered to be low. other sources have placed it at up to , , but no detailed study has been completed to quantify this number, which could be significantly higher. on june , the migration amendment (reform of employer sanctions) act commenced. this new law puts the onus on businesses to ensure that their employees maintain the necessary work entitlements in australia. the new legislation also enables the australian department of immigration and citizenship to levy infringement notices against business (aud $ , ) and individual (aud $ , ) employers on a strict liability basis – meaning that there is no requirement to prove fault, negligence or intention.[ ][ ] russia[edit] main article: illegal immigration in russia russia experiences a constant flow of immigration. on average, , legal immigrants enter the country every year; about half are ethnic russians from other republics of the former soviet union. there are an estimated –  million foreigners working in the country without legal permission to be there.[ ] there has been a significant influx of ethnic georgians, armenians, azerbaijanis, tajiks, and uzbeks into large russian cities in recent years, which has been viewed very unfavorably by many citizens and contributed to nationalist sentiments.[ ][ ][ ] many immigrant ethnic groups have much higher birth rates than native russians, further shifting the balance. some chinese flee the overpopulation and birth control regulations of their home country and settle in the far east and in southern siberia. russia's main pacific port and naval base of vladivostok, once closed to foreigners, today is bristling with chinese markets, restaurants and trade houses.[ ] this has been occurring a lot since the soviet collapse. illegal border crossing is considered a crime, and captured illegal border crossers have been sentenced to prison terms. for example, rossiyskaya gazeta reported in october the case of a north korean who was detained after illegally crossing the amur river from china. considered by russian authorities an "economic migrant", he was sentenced to months in prison and was to be deported to the country of his nationality after serving his sentence, even though he may now risk an even heavier penalty there. that was just one of the cases year-to-date of irregular entrants, of various nationalities, receiving criminal punishment in amur oblast.[ ] turkey[edit] main article: illegal immigration in turkey turkey receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as azerbaijan, georgia, armenia, but also from north caucasus, central asia, afghanistan and pakistan.[ ][ ] the iraq war is thought to have increased the flow of illegal immigration into turkey, and the global parties directly involved in the conflict have been accused of extending a less-helping hand than turkey itself to resolve the precarious situation of immigrants stranded in passage.[ ] europe[edit] see also: european migrant crisis and open borders eurostat: non-eu citizens found to be illegally present in the eu- and efta, the schengen area is a multilateral agreement between states in which they in most cases abolish the border control among themselves. these states include most of the eu countries, as well as the eec countries norway, switzerland and iceland. any person who is physically inside any of the schengen states will usually be able to travel to any other schengen state without hindrance from the law enforcement, even if he or she has no legal right to enter another schengen area member state. a person who wishes to immigrate illegally to a schengen area member state may therefore find it more practical to enter it through another member state. according to a bbc report from , over % of undocumented immigrants entering the european union pass through greece.[ ] eu countries that are not members of the schengen agreement are still committed to allow lawful entry by citizens of eu countries;[ ] they may however exercise border control at their discretion. migrants along the balkan route crossing from serbia into hungary, august this typically presents a significant hindrance to persons who are trying to enter those countries illegally. citizens within the eu is an economic and political partnership between european countries that together cover much of the european continent.[ ] a citizen of an eu member state has the right to seek employment within any other member state.[ ] the schengen agreement does not regulate treatment of persons who enter the schengen area illegally. this is therefore left to the individual states, and other applicable international treaties and european case law. illegal immigration to schengen and to europe in general was increasing sharply since approximately early .[ ] the main causes for this increase are the conflicts that followed the arab spring; in particular, the civil war in syria has driven millions of people from their homes, and the disintegration of the libyan government removed a major barrier for the african migrants. illegal immigration to some of the schengen area states might face different consideration depending on countries such as bulgaria, france, greece. france[edit] main article: immigration to france children born to noncitizens in france are not immigrants themselves, but they are considered foreigners under french law, until they reach the age of , at which time they automatically become citizens.[ ] french citizenship is based in the idea of political unity; therefore, french citizenship may be more accessible than other eu countries, such as germany and the uk. however, many french citizens feel that those who gain french citizenship should conform to the cultural aspects of french life.[ ] foreigners can also become french citizens if they serve in the foreign legion. french law prohibits anyone from assisting or trying to assist "the entry, movement, or irregular stay of a foreigner in france."[ ] france has an immigration ministry (l'immigration, l'intégration, l'asile et le développement solidaire) which begun functioning in under president sarkozy. the government seek to combat smugglers who profit financially from moving immigrants into, through, and out of france, according to the immigration minister, Éric besson.[ ][ ] hungary[edit] see also: hungarian border barrier the hungarian–serbian border fence in , hungary registered , asylum seekers and , up to july .[ ] in the summer of , hungary started building a m high fence along its  km border to neighbouring serbia to keep out the tens of thousands undocumented immigrants from the middle east and migrants trying to reach the european union.[ ] the border was sealed on september and the fence was the following day attacked by refugees and defended by riot police.[ ] with the hungary-serbia border closed, migrants then started heading to croatia, but as croatia led the migrants to the hungary-croatia border, hungary then started the construction of a second fence along its border with croatia on september .[ ] united kingdom[edit] main article: illegal immigration in the united kingdom many try to cross the english channel from calais to seek asylum or refugee status in great britain.[ ] truck drivers can be fined up to € , if irregular immigrants are found on board.[ ] the home office has its agents working alongside french police and immigration agents, to prevent unauthorized people from entering the zone. an area of calais known as "the jungle" had a police raid in september to control illegal immigration.[ ] the french also try to stop undocumented immigrants from entering france from the southern part of the country.[ ] non-governmental organizations, such as secours catholique and the red cross provide food, showers, and shelter to sans papiers who gather waiting to cross the channel. in , an iranian man was sent back to paris, from london, as he was unable to present any id to british immigration officers. he stayed at the airport for nearly twenty years and his story loosely inspired a film, the terminal.[ ] as of [update] there were between , and , undocumented immigrants in the united kingdom. the united kingdom is a difficult country to reach as it is mostly located on one island and part of another, but traffickers in calais, france have tried to smuggle undocumented immigrants into the uk. many undocumented immigrants come from africa and asia. as of there were also many from eastern europe and latin america having overstayed their visas.[ ][ ] a study carried out by the university of oxford's centre on migration, policy and society (compas) has estimated that there were , irregular migrant children in the uk, of whom , were born in the uk to parents without legal status. according to the study these children are at risk of destitution, exploitation and social exclusion because of contradictory and frequently changing rules and regulations which jeopardize their access to healthcare, education, protection by the police and other public services.[ ] the home office estimated that , to , applications a year to stay in the uk are made on the basis of a sham marriage.[ ] many undocumented immigrants or asylum seekers have tried to enter the uk from france, by hiding inside trucks or trains.[ ] on august , the government of britain and france worked together on a single channel to finalize a new plan for blocking illegal migrant route. many of the migrants who aimed to emigrate to britain came from afghanistan, iraq, iran, syria and countries in africa, fleeing poverty, persecution or war.[ ] other countries[edit] 	bulgaria: in , , persons attempted to enter bulgaria via its border with turkey.[ ] their aim is not believed by bulgarian border officials to remain in bulgaria, but to go to other european countries.[ ] in november , bulgaria started building a razor wire fence on its turkey border, which was completed in .[ ] 	norway: the number of undocumented immigrants in norway was estimated to roughly thousand in ,[ ] and to between and thousand in .[ ] estimates by organizations working with undocumented migrants are much lower, between thousand and thousand in .[ ] 	germany: the number of irregular immigrants caught in germany from january to november was , according to the federal police. over , people entered germany by land and , entering from austria. some , people also arrived illegally at airports and more than , people at sea ports. most of the migrants were from afghanistan, nigeria, iraq, syria and turkey.[ ] 	switzerland: it is estimated that at least , individuals reside in switzerland without being registered with the authorities and thus are considered undocumented immigrants by the state. many are also workers, employed as nannies, labourers on farms or construction sites, as well as waiters or kitchen or other ancillary staff in the restaurant and hotel industry.[ ] middle east[edit] iran[edit] 		wikinews has related news: 	 illegal afghan immigrants suffocate in truck in pakistan since late april , the iranian government has forcibly deported back afghans living and working in iran to afghanistan at a rate between , and , per year. the forceful evictions of the refugees, who lived in iran and pakistan for nearly three decades, are part of the two countries' larger plans to repatriate all afghan refugees within a few years. iran said that it would send , , by march , and pakistan announced that all , , afghan refugees, most living in camps, must return home by . aimal khan, a political analyst at the sustainable development policy institute in islamabad said it would be "disastrous" for afghanistan.[ ][ ][ ] israel[edit] see also: illegal immigration from africa to israel demonstration against the expulsion of undocumented immigrants and their families from israel, tel aviv, tens of thousands of migrants, mostly from sudan and eritrea, had crossed the israeli border between and .[ ] prime minister benjamin netanyahu said that "this phenomenon is very grave and threatens the social fabric of society, our national security and our national identity."[ ] in may , israel introduced a law which would allow undocumented immigrants to be detained for up to three years, a measure that the interior ministry intended to stem the flow of africans entering israel across the desert border with egypt.[ ] as a result, completing a barrier along the border with egypt, illegal immigration from africa decreased by over %.[ ] israel faces substantial (estimated at , in )[ ] illegal immigration of arab workers from the palestinian authority territories, a migration that includes both workers seeking employment, and homosexuals escaping the social opprobrium of arab society.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] thousands of foreign workers who entered the country on temporary visas have overstayed and live illegally in israel.[ ] there is a debate within israel as to whether the israel-born children of foreign workers should be allowed to remain in the country.[ ] libya[edit] 		wikinews has related news: 	 shipwreck off coast of libya; hundreds of african migrants feared dead main article: illegal immigration in libya before the libyan civil war, libya was home to a large undocumented sub-saharan african population which numbers as much as , , .[ ] the mass expulsion plan to summarily deport all undocumented foreigners was announced by then-current libyan leader colonel muammar al-gaddafi in january , "no resident without a legal visa will be excluded."[ ][ ] saudi arabia[edit] main article: illegal immigration in saudi arabia in , saudi arabia began construction of a saudi–yemen barrier between its territory and yemen to prevent the unauthorized movement of people and goods into and out of the kingdom. anthony h. cordesman labeled it a "separation barrier".[ ] in february , the guardian reported that yemeni opposition newspapers likened the barrier to the israeli west bank barrier,[ ] while the independent wrote "saudi arabia, one of the most vocal critics in the arab world of israel's 'security fence' in the west bank, is quietly emulating the israeli example by erecting a barrier along its porous border with yemen".[ ] saudi officials rejected the comparison saying it was built to prevent infiltration and smuggling.[ ] syria[edit] since the us-led invasion of iraq in march , there are more refugees from iraq. the united nations estimates that nearly , , iraqis have fled the country since ,[ ] with nearly , fleeing to syria and jordan each month.[ ][ ] most ventured to jordan and syria, creating demographic shifts that have worried both governments. refugees are mired in poverty as they are generally barred from working in their host countries.[ ][ ] syrian authorities worried that the new influx of refugees would limit the country's resources. sources like oil, heat, water and electricity were said to be becoming scarcer as demand were rising.[ ] on october , news agencies reported that syria reimposed restrictions on iraqi refugees, as stated by a spokesperson for the united nations high commissioner for refugees. under syria's new rules, only iraqi merchants, businessmen and university professors with visas acquired from syrian embassies may enter syria.[ ][ ][ ] see also[edit] 	law portal 	asylum shopping 	bolivarian diaspora 	border patrol (disambiguation) 	deportation 	free migration 	immigration and crime 	immigration and customs enforcement 	international convention on the protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families 	nationality law 	open border 	political demography 	stowaway 	undocumented youth in the united states 	unreported employment (working under the table) 	venezuelan diaspora references[edit] 	^ taylor, mark (december ). 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"return of the nativists? california public opinion and immigration in the s and s." social science history ( ): – . via project muse. 	beasley, vanessa b., ed. . who belongs in america?: presidents, rhetoric, and immigration. 	besenyo, janos. . "fences and border protection: the question of establishing technical barriers in europe." aarms ( ): – . 	bischoff, christine, francesca falk, and sylvia kafehsy. november. "images of illegalized immigration. towards a critical iconology of politics." bielefeld: transcript. isbn  - - - - 	borjas, g.j. . "the economics of immigration." journal of economic literature ( ): – . 	cull, nicholas j. and davíd carrasco, ed. . alambrista and the us–mexico border: film, music, and stories of undocumented immigrants u. of new mexico press. pp. 	de la torre, miguel a. . "trails of terror: testimonies on the current immigration debate." orbis books. 	dowling, julie a., and jonathan xavier inda, eds. . "governing immigration through crime: a reader ." stanford, ca: stanford university press. 	espenshade, thomas j. . "unauthorized immigration to the united states" annual review of sociology ( ): +. 	flores, william v ( ). "new citizens, new rights: illegal immigrants and latino cultural citizenship". latin american perspectives. ( ): – . doi: . / x . s cid  . 	hunter, w. . undocumented nationals: between statelessness and citizenship. cambridge: cambridge university press. 	inda, jonathan xavier. . "targeting immigrant: government, technology, and ethics." malden, ma: wiley-blackwell. 	kennedy, marie, and chris tilly. . 'they work here, they live here, they stay here!': french immigrants strike for the right to work—and win. dollars & sense (july/august ). 	magaña, lisa. . straddling the border: immigration policy and the ins . 	marquardt, marie friedmann, timothy steigenga, philip williams, and manuel vasquez. . living "illegal": the human face of unauthorized immigration , the new press. 	mohl, raymond a. . "latinization in the heart of dixie: hispanics in late-twentieth-century alabama" alabama review ( ): – . issn  - – . 	myers, dowell. . immigrants and boomers: forging a new social contract for the future of america. russell sage foundation, isbn  - - - - . 	ngai, mae m. . "the strange career of the illegal alien: immigration restriction and deportation policy in the united states, – ." law and history review ( ): – . issn  - . full text in history cooperative. 	—— . impossible subjects: illegal aliens and the making of modern america. 	range, peter r. may. "europe faces an immigrant tide." national geographic magazine . 	rosello, mireille. . "representing undocumented immigrants in france: from clandestins to l'affaire des sans-papiers de saint-bernard." journal of european studies : . 	schaeffer, peter v.; kahsai, mulugeta s. ( ). "a theoretical note on the relationship between documented and undocumented migration". international journal of population research. : – . doi: . / / . 	tranaes, t., and k. f. zimmermann, eds. . migrants, work, and the welfare state , odense, university press of southern denmark. 	venturini, a. . post-war migration in southern europe. an economic approach cambridge university press. 	vicino, thomas j. . suburban crossroads: the fight for local control of immigration policy . lanham, md: lexington books. 	zimmermann, k. f., ed. . european migration: what do we know? oxford university press. 		v 	t 	e immigration 	history and law	 	border security 	immigrant assimilation 	immigration by country 	immigration policy 	jus soli 	multiculturalism 	refugee 	opposition and reform	 	criticism of multiculturalism 	immigration reform 	opposition to immigration 	white genocide conspiracy theory 	related topics	 	civic nationalism 	nativism 	persecution 	plurinationalism 	effects of war 	white 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	latest news 	event calendar 	webinars 	monthly newsletter 							 						 					 					 						 							 								 this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution . international license 							 						 					 				 			 		 				 		 	 none illegal immigration - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	illegal immigration 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		"illegals" redirects here. for the russian spy network, see illegals program. for the band, see los illegals. "illegal residence" redirects here. for the building of illegal housing, see illegal construction. see also: illegal emigration migration of people across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country a large group of people claimed by the u.s. customs and border protection to be undocumented immigrants. illegal immigration refers to the migration of people into a country through means that violates the immigration laws of that country, or the continued residence of people without the legal right to live in that country. illegal immigration tends to be financially upward, from poorer to richer countries.[ ] illegal residence in another country creates the risk of detention, deportation, and/or other sanctions.[ ] asylum seekers who are denied asylum may face impediment to expulsion if the home country refuses to receive the person or if new asylum evidence emerges after the decision. in some cases, these people are considered undocumented immigrants, and in others, they may receive a temporary residence permit, for example with reference to the principle of non-refoulement in the international refugee convention. the european court of human rights, referring to the european convention on human rights, has shown in a number of indicative judgments that there are enforcement barriers to expulsion to certain countries, for example, due to the risk of torture.[ ] contents 	 terminology 	 . campaigns against the term "illegal" 	 . usage 	 . . news media 	 . . u.s. government 	 effects of illegal immigration 	 . economy and labor market 	 reasons for illegal immigration 	 . poverty 	 . overpopulation 	 . family reunification 	 . asylum 	 . deprivation of citizenship 	 . education 	 problems faced by undocumented immigrants 	 . lack of access to services 	 . slavery 	 . kidnapping and ransoms 	 . prostitution 	 . exploitation of labour 	 . injury and illness 	 . . death 	 methods 	 . illegal border crossing 	 . overstaying visa 	 . sham marriages 	 irregular immigrant populations by country or region 	 . africa 	 . . angola 	 . . south africa 	 . south to east asia 	 . . bangladesh 	 . . bhutan 	 . . india 	 . . malaysia 	 . . pakistan 	 . . philippines 	 . . south korea 	 . . other countries 	 . americas 	 . . brazil 	 . . canada 	 . . mexico 	 . . united states 	 . . other countires 	 . eurasia and oceania 	 . . australia 	 . . russia 	 . . turkey 	 . europe 	 . . france 	 . . hungary 	 . . united kingdom 	 . . other countries 	 . middle east 	 . . iran 	 . . israel 	 . . libya 	 . . saudi arabia 	 . . syria 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading terminology[edit] there are campaigns that discourage the use of the term illegal immigrant, generally based on the argument that the act of immigrating illegally does not make the people themselves illegal, but rather they are "people who have immigrated illegally." depending on jurisdiction, culture, or context, terms used instead of illegal immigrant can include irregular migrant, undocumented immigrant, undocumented person, unauthorized immigrant, and illegal alien.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] in some contexts the term illegal immigrants is shortened, often pejoratively,[ ] to "illegals".[ ][ ][ ][ ] campaigns against the term "illegal"[edit] in the united states, a "drop the i-word" campaign was launched in advocating for the use of such terms as undocumented immigrants or unauthorized immigrants when referring to the foreign nationals who reside in a country illegally.[ ] in europe, the platform for international cooperation on undocumented migrants (picum) launched its international "words matter"[ ] campaign in to promote the use of the terms undocumented or irregular migrants instead of illegal.[ ][ ][ ][ ] usage[edit] irregular migration is a related term that is sometimes used, e.g., by the international organization for migration; however, because of the word migration, this term describes a somewhat wider concept which also includes illegal emigration.[ ] news media[edit] news associations that have discontinued or discourage (excluding direct quotations) the use of the adjective illegal to qualify nouns that describe people include the associated press (us),[ ] press association (uk), european journalism observatory,[ ] european journalism centre,[ ] association of european journalists, australian press council,[ ] and media, entertainment and arts alliance (au).[ ] related terms that describe actions are not similarly discouraged by these campaigns. for example, the associated press continues to use the term illegal immigration, whereby illegal describes the action rather than the person.[ ] on the other hand, the term undocumented has been cited by the new york times as a "term preferred by many immigrants and their advocates, but it has a flavor of euphemism and should be used with caution outside quotation."[ ] newsweek questions the use of the phrase undocumented immigrants as a method of euphemistic framing, namely, "a psychological technique that can influence the perception of social phenomena."[ ] newsweek also suggests that persons who enter a country unlawfully cannot be entirely "undocumented," as they "just lack the certain specific documents for legal residency and employment," while "[m]any have driver's licences, debit cards, library cards, and school identifications which are useful documents in specific contexts but not nearly so much for immigration."[ ] for example, in the us, youths brought into the country illegally are granted access to public k- education and benefits regardless of citizenship status;[ ] therefore the youths are not entirely undocumented, since they are in fact documented for educational purposes. u.s. government[edit] title of the us code is the portion of united states law that contains legislation on citizenship, nationality, and immigration, with such laws using the phrase illegal immigrant at least in some contexts. defining the legal term alien as "any person not a citizen or national of the united states,"[ ] terminology used in title includes illegal alien ( times), unauthorized alien ( times), undocumented alien ( times), illegal immigrant ( times), undocumented person ( times), and others.[ ] an analysis by politifact, however, concluded that the term illegal alien "occurs scarcely, often undefined or part of an introductory title or limited to apply to certain individuals convicted of felonies."[ ] in the united states, while overstaying a visa is a civil violation handled by immigration court, entering (including re-entering) the us without approval from an immigration officer is a crime; specifically a misdemeanor on the first offense. illegal reentry after deportation is a felony offense. this is the distinction between the larger group referred to as unauthorized immigrants and the smaller subgroup referred to as criminal immigrants.[ ][failed verification] effects of illegal immigration[edit] further information: human migration § theories for migration for work in the st century economy and labor market[edit] further information: economic results of migration, economic migrant, and unreported employment research on the economic effects of illegal immigration is scant but existing studies suggest that the effects can be positive for the native population,[ ][ ] and for public coffers.[ ][ ] one study shows that "increasing deportation rates and tightening border control weakens low-skilled labor markets, increasing unemployment of native low-skilled workers. legalization, instead, decreases the unemployment rate of low-skilled natives and increases income per native."[ ] studies show that legalization of undocumented immigrants would boost the u.s. economy: a study found that granting amnesty to undocumented immigrants would raise their incomes by a quarter (increasing u.s. gdp by approximately $ .  trillion over a -year period);[ ] a study found that "legalization would increase the economic contribution of the unauthorized population by about %, to . % of private-sector gdp;"[ ] and national bureau of economic research paper found that undocumented immigrants to the united states "generate higher surplus for us firms relative to natives, hence restricting their entry has a depressing effect on job creation and, in turn, on native labor markets."[ ] according to economist george borjas, immigrants may have caused the decline of real wages of us workers without a high school degree by % between and due to increased competition.[ ] other economists, such as gordon hanson, criticized these findings.[ ] douglas massey argues that developed countries need unskilled immigrant labor to fill undesirable jobs, which citizens do not seek regardless of wages.[ ] massey argues that this may refute claims that undocumented immigrants are "lowering wages" or stealing jobs from native-born workers, and that it instead shows that undocumented immigrants "take jobs that no one else wants."[ ] a paper by spanish economists found that, upon legalizing the undocumented immigrant population in spain, the fiscal revenues increased by around € , per newly legalized immigrant.[ ] the paper found that the wages of the newly legalized immigrants increased after legalization, some low-skilled natives had worse labor market outcomes and high-skilled natives had improved labor market outcomes.[ ] since the decline of working class blue-collar jobs in manufacturing and industry, younger native-born generations have acquired higher education. in the us, only % of the labor force has less than a high school education, but % of irregular workers from mexico lack a high school degree.[ ] the majority of new blue-collar jobs qualify as massey's "underclass" work, and suffer from unreliability, subservient roles and, critically, a lack of potential for advancement. these "underclass" jobs, which have a disproportionate number of undocumented immigrants, include harvesting crops, unskilled labor in landscaping and construction, house-cleaning, and maid and busboy work in hotels and restaurants. however, as even these "underclass" jobs have higher relative wages than those in home countries they are still attractive for undocumented immigrants and since many undocumented immigrants often anticipate working only temporarily in the destination country, the lack of opportunity for advancement is seen by many as less of a problem. support for this claim can be seen in a pew hispanic center poll of over , undocumented immigrants from mexico in the us, which found that % would voluntarily join a temporary worker program that allowed them to work legally for several years but then required them to leave.[ ] from this, it is assumed that the willingness to take undesirable jobs is what gives undocumented immigrants their employment.[ ] evidence for this may be seen in the average wages of undocumented day laborers in california, which was between $ and $ per hour according to a study, and the fact that this was higher than many entry-level white collar or service jobs.[ ] entry-level white collar and service jobs offer advancement opportunities only for people with work permits and citizenship. research[which?] indicates that the advantage to firms employing undocumented immigrants increases as more firms in the industry do so, further increases with the breadth[clarification needed] of a firm's market, and also with the labor intensity of the firm's production process. however, the advantage decreases with the skill level of the firm's workers, meaning that undocumented immigrants do not provide as much competitive advantage when a high-skilled workforce is required.[ ] reasons for illegal immigration[edit] poverty[edit] undocumented immigrants are not impoverished by the standards of their home countries. the poorest classes in a developing country may lack the resources needed to mount an attempt to cross illegally, or the connections to friends or family already in the destination country. studies from the pew hispanic center have shown that the education and wage levels of undocumented mexican immigrants in the us are around the median for mexico and that they are not a suitable predictor of one's choice to immigrate.[ ] other examples do show that increases in poverty, especially when associated with immediate crises, can increase the likelihood of illegal migration. the economic crisis in mexico, subsequent to the start of the north american free trade agreement (nafta), was associated with widespread poverty and a lower valuation for the peso relative to the dollar.[ ] it also marked the start of a massive swell in mexican immigration, in which net illegal migration to the us increased every year from the mid- s until the mid- s. there are also examples where natural disasters and overpopulation can amplify poverty-driven migration flows.[ ] overpopulation[edit] further information: human overpopulation population growth that exceeds the carrying capacity of an area or environment results in overpopulation.[ ] virginia abernethy notes that immigration is a road that provides a "relief valve" to overpopulation that stops a population from addressing the consequences of its overpopulation and that exports this overpopulation to another location or country.[ ] overpopulation and its consequences is a bigger issue in developing countries. family reunification[edit] some undocumented immigrants seek to live with loved ones, such as a spouse or other family members.[ ][ ][ ] having a family who have immigrated or being from a community with many immigrants is a much better predictor of one's choice to immigrate than poverty.[ ] family reunification visas may be applied for by legal residents or naturalized citizens to bring their family members into a destination state legally, but these visas may be limited in number and subject to yearly quotas. this may result in family members entering illegally in order to reunify. from studying mexican migration patterns, douglas massey finds that the likelihood that a mexican national will emigrate illegally to the us increases dramatically if they have one or more family members already residing in the united states, legally or illegally.[ ] asylum[edit] arrested refugees/immigrants in fylakio detention centre, evros, northern greece. unauthorised arrival into another country may be prompted by the need to escape civil war or repression in the country of origin. however, somebody who flees such a situation is in most countries under no circumstances an undocumented immigrant.[citation needed] if victims of forced displacement apply for asylum in the country they fled to and are granted refugee status they have the right to remain permanently. if asylum seekers are not granted some kind of legal protection status, then they may have to leave the country, or stay as irregular immigrants. according to the refugee convention refugees should be exempted from immigration laws and should expect protection from the country they entered.[ ] it is, however, up to the countries involved to decide if a particular immigrant is a refugee or not, and hence whether they are subject to the immigration controls. furthermore, countries that did not sign the refugee convention or do not attempt to follow its guidelines are likely to consider refugees and asylum seekers as irregular immigrants. deprivation of citizenship[edit] see also: denaturalization in a news story, the csm reported, "the estimated , rohingya, one of the most miserable and oppressed minorities in the world, are deeply resentful of their almost complete absence of civil rights in myanmar. in , the military junta stripped the rohingya of their myanmar citizenship, classing them as irregular immigrants and rendering them stateless."[ ] in some countries, people born on national territory (henceforth not "immigrants") do not automatically obtain the nationality of their birthplace, and may have no legal title of residency.[ ] education[edit] families want to have better lives for their children and to succeed. in the article "learning to be illegal" it discusses the safety the children have in k- schooling. the children are guaranteed education in a safe environment.[ ] problems faced by undocumented immigrants[edit] aside from the possibility that they may be intercepted and deported, undocumented immigrants also face other problems.[ ] lack of access to services[edit] undocumented immigrants usually have no or very limited access to public health systems, proper housing, education and banks. some immigrants forge identity documents to get the access.[citation needed] slavery[edit] main article: human trafficking for example, research at san diego state university estimates that there are .  million victims of human trafficking among irregular mexican immigrants in the united states.[ ] some workers are smuggled into the united states and canada by human traffickers.[ ] people have been kidnapped or tricked into slavery to work as laborers, after entering the country, for example in factories. those trafficked in this manner often face additional barriers to escaping slavery, since their status as undocumented immigrants makes it difficult for them to gain access to help or services. for example, burmese women trafficked into thailand and forced to work in factories or as prostitutes may not speak the language and may be vulnerable to abuse by police due to their undocumented immigrant status.[ ] kidnapping and ransoms[edit] in some regions, people that are still en route to their destination country are also sometimes kidnapped, for example for ransom. in some instances, they are also tortured, raped, and killed if the requested ransom does not arrive. one case in point are the eritrean migrants that are en route to israel. a large number of them are captured in north sinai (egypt) and eastern sudan and held in the buildings in north sinai.[ ][ ] prostitution[edit] main article: sex trafficking some people forced into sexual slavery face challenges of charges of illegal immigration.[ ] since the fall of the iron curtain, western europe is being confronted with a serious problem related to the sexual exploitation of undocumented immigrants (especially from eastern europe), for the purpose of prostitution.[ ] in the united states, human trafficking victims often pass through the porous border with mexico. in an effort to curb the spread of this affliction, california attorney general kamala harris and mexico attorney general marisela morales ibáñez signed an accord in to expand prosecutions of criminals typically members of transnational gangs who engage in the trafficking of human beings between the two countries.[ ] exploitation of labour[edit] main article: exploitation of labour most countries have laws requiring workers to have proper documentation, often intended to prevent or minimize the employment of undocumented immigrants.[citation needed] however the penalties against employers are often small and the acceptable identification requirements vague, ill-defined and seldom checked or enforced, making it easy for employers to hire illegal labor.[citation needed] where the minimum wage is several times the prevailing wage in the home country, employers sometimes pay less than the legal minimum wage or have unsafe working conditions, relying on the reluctance of undocumented workers to report the violations to the authorities.[ ][citation needed] injury and illness[edit] the search for employment is central to illegal international migration.[ ] according to data from the u.s. census bureau, undocumented immigrants in the united states often work in dangerous industries such as agriculture and construction.[ ] a recent study suggests that the complex web of consequences resulting from irregular immigrant status limits irregular workers' ability to stay safe at work.[ ] in addition to physical danger at work, the choice to immigrate for work often entails work-induced lifestyle factors which impact the physical, mental and social health of immigrants and their families.[ ] death[edit] each year there are several hundred deaths along the u.s.–mexico border[ ] of immigrants crossing the border illegally. death by exposure occurs in the deserts of southwestern united states during the hot summer season.[ ] in there were approximately , migrant deaths, with about % of deaths occurring within the mediterranean.[ ] methods[edit] illegal border crossing[edit] border patrol at sea by the u.s. customs and border protection hmc vigilant, one of several customs cutters of the uk border force, and capable of speeds up to knots, departing portsmouth naval base. immigrants from countries that do not have automatic visa agreements, or who would not otherwise qualify for a visa, often cross the borders illegally in some areas like the united states–mexico border, the mona channel between the dominican republic and puerto rico, the strait of gibraltar, fuerteventura, and the strait of otranto. because these methods are illegal, they are often dangerous. would-be immigrants have been known to suffocate in shipping containers,[ ] boxcars,[ ] and trucks,[ ] sink in shipwrecks caused by unseaworthy vessels, die of dehydration[ ] or exposure during long walks without water. an official estimate puts the number of people who died in illegal crossings across the u.s.–mexican border between and at , (see immigrant deaths along the u.s.-mexico border). human smuggling is the practice of intermediaries aiding undocumented immigrants in crossing over international borders in financial gain, often in large groups. human smuggling differs from, but is sometimes associated with, human trafficking. a human smuggler will facilitate illegal entry into a country for a fee, but on arrival at their destination, the smuggled person is usually free. trafficking involves a process of using physical force, fraud, or deception to obtain and transport people. types of notorious human smugglers include snakehead gangs present in mainland china (especially in fujian) that smuggle laborers into pacific rim states (making chinatowns frequent centers of illegal immigration) and "coyotes", who smuggle undocumented immigrants to the southwestern united states and have been known to abuse or even kill their passengers.[ ] sometimes undocumented immigrants are abandoned by their human traffickers if there are difficulties, often dying in the process. others may be victims of intentional killing. overstaying visa[edit] many undocumented immigrants are migrants who originally arrive in a country lawfully but overstay their authorized residence (overstaying a visa).[ ][ ] for example, most of the estimated , undocumented immigrants in canada (perhaps as high as , ) are refugee claimants whose refugee applications were rejected but who have not yet been expelled from the country.[ ] another example is formed by children of foreigners born in countries observing jus soli ("right of territory"), such as was the case in france until [ ] and in ireland until .[ ] in these countries, it was possible to obtain french or irish nationality (respectively) solely by being born in france before or in ireland before [ ] (respectively). at present, a french born child of foreign parents does not automatically obtain french nationality until residency duration conditions are met.[ ] since january , a child born in ireland does not automatically acquire irish nationality unless certain conditions are met.[ ] sham marriages[edit] some people enter into sham marriages, whereby marriage is contracted into for purely immigration advantage by a couple who are not in a genuine relationship. common reasons for sham marriages are to gain immigration (i.e., immigration fraud),[ ][ ] residency, work, or citizenship rights for one or both of the spouses, or for other benefits. in the united kingdom, those who arrange, participate in, or officiate over a sham marriage may be charged with a number of offenses, including assisting unlawful immigration and conspiracy to facilitate a breach of immigration law.[ ] the united states has a penalty of a $ , fine and five-year prison sentence for such arrangements.[ ] the u.s. immigration and customs enforcement (ice) and the justice department say that they do not have accurate numbers on the rate of attempted marriage fraud.[ ] in the fiscal year, ( . %) of the , petitions filed were denied for suspected fraud; % were denied on other grounds.[ ] irregular immigrant populations by country or region[edit] this list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. africa[edit] angola[edit] main article: illegal immigration in angola in around , congolese were forced to leave angola.[ ] since , more than , irregular immigrants, almost all from the democratic republic of the congo, have been expelled from angola.[ ][ ] south africa[edit] main article: illegal immigration in south africa no accurate estimates of the number of undocumented migrants living in south africa exist.[ ] estimates that have been published vary widely. a human sciences research council study estimated that there were between .  million and .  million undocumented migrants in the country. in their / annual report, the south african police service stated: "according to various estimates, the number of undocumented immigrants in south africa may vary between three and six million people". other estimates have put the figure as high as  million.[ ] as of april  [update], statistics south africa's official estimate is of between , and one million undocumented migrants.[ ] a large number of zimbabweans have fled to south africa as a result of instability in zimbabwe, with many living as undocumented migrants in south africa.[ ][ ][ ] sociologist alice bloch notes that migrants in south africa have been the victims of xenophobia and violence, regardless of their immigration status.[ ] south to east asia[edit] bangladesh[edit] there are about .  million indians living in bangladesh illegally as of .[ ][ ] the undocumented migrants are mainly from the poorest states in india including west bengal, meghalaya, assam and manipur, which surround bangladesh. they illegally immigrate to bangladesh in search of jobs in the metropolitan hubs and a better standard of living. bangladesh is fifth among the nations sending highest remittances to india. indians working in bangladesh sent more than $ .  billion back to india in .[ ] there is a significant number of burmese undocumented immigrants in bangladesh. as of , the bangladesh government estimated about , undocumented burmese immigrants living across bangladesh.[ ] bhutan[edit] main article: illegal immigration in bhutan immigration in bhutan by nepalese settlers (lhotshampa) began slowly towards the end of the th century. the government passed the bhutanese citizenship act to clarify and try to enforce the bhutanese citizenship act to control the flood of illegal immigration. those individuals who could not provide proof of residency prior to were adjudged to be undocumented immigrants. in and , bhutan expelled roughly , ethnic nepalis, most of whom have been living in seven refugee camps in eastern nepal ever since. the united states has offered to resettle , of the , bhutanese refugees of nepalese origin now living in u.n. refugee camps in nepal. the bhutanese government, even today, has not been able to sort the problem of giving citizenship to those people who are married to bhutanese, even though they have been in the country for years.[ ] india[edit] main article: illegal immigration in india abvp against bangladeshi undocumented immigrants it is estimated that several tens of millions of undocumented immigrants live in india. precise figures are not available, but the numbers run in tens of millions, at least  million are from bangladesh, others being from pakistan, afghanistan and others.[ ] according to the government of india, there at least  million undocumented immigrants from bangladesh alone.[ ] this makes india the country with the largest number of undocumented immigrants in the world.[ ] during the bangladesh liberation war at least  million bangladeshis crossed into india illegally to seek refuge from widespread rape and genocide.[ ] according to indian home ministry, at least .  million bangladeshi crossed over into india in the last decade alone.[ ] samir guha roy of the indian statistical institute called these estimates "motivatedly exaggerated". after examining the population growth and demographic statistics, roy instead states that a significant numbers of internal migration is sometimes falsely thought to be immigrants. an analysis of the numbers by roy revealed that on average around bangladeshi nationals might have crossed over to india every year during the years – but how many of them were identified and pushed back is not known. it is possible that a large portion of these irregular immigrants returned on their own to their place of origin.[ ] according to a pro-indian scholar, the trip to india from bangladesh is one of the cheapest in the world, with a trip costing around rs. (around $ us), which includes the fee for the "tour operator". as bangladeshis are cultural similar to the bengali people in india, they are able to pass off as indian citizens and settle down in any part of india to establish a future.,[ ] for a very small price. this false identity can be bolstered with false documentation available for as little as rs. ($ us) can even make them part of the vote bank.[ ] india is constructing barriers on its eastern borders to combat the surge of migrants. the indo-bangladeshi barrier is ,  km ( ,  mi) long. presently, india is constructing a fence along the border to restrict illegal traffic from bangladesh.[ ] this obstruction will virtually isolate bangladesh from india. the barrier's plan is based on the designs of the israeli west bank barrier and will be .  m ( .  ft) high. the stated aim of the fence is to stop infiltration of terrorists, prevent smuggling, and end illegal immigration from bangladesh.[ ][ ] malaysia[edit] main article: illegal immigration to malaysia there are an estimated , undocumented immigrants in malaysia.[ ] in january , malaysia banned the hiring of foreign workers in factories, stores and restaurants to protect its citizens from mass unemployment amid the late s recession.[ ] an ethnic indian malaysian was recently sentenced to whipping and months in prison for hiring six undocumented immigrants at his restaurant. "i think that after this, malaysian employers will be afraid to take in foreign workers (without work permits). they will think twice", said immigration department prosecutor azlan abdul latiff. "this is the first case where an employer is being sentenced to caning", he said. undocumented immigrants also face caning before being deported.[ ] pakistan[edit] main articles: illegal immigration to pakistan and immigration to pakistan § illegal aliens as of , . % of the population of pakistan had foreign origins, however the number of immigrants population in pakistan recently grew sharply. immigrants from south asia make up a growing proportion of immigrants in pakistan. the five largest immigrant groups in pakistan are in turn afghans,[ ] bangladeshi,[ ] tajiks, uzbeks, turkmens, iranians, indians, sri lankan, burmese[ ][ ] and britons[ ] including a sizeable number of those of pakistani origin. other significant expatriate communities in the country are armenians, australians, turks, chinese,[ ] americans,[ ] filipinos,[ ] bosnians[ ] and many others. migrants from different countries of arab world specially egypt, iraq, palestine, syria, kuwait, libya, saudi arabia, and yemen are in thousands. nearly all undocumented migrants in pakistan are muslim refugees and they are accepted by the local population. there is no political support or legislation to deport these refugees from pakistan. philippines[edit] it was estimated by teresita ang-see, a prominent leader and activist of the chinese filipino community, that by , as much as , undocumented immigrants from china are living in the philippines, a tenth of the ethnic chinese population. the latest influx has come in part because of manila's move in to liberalise entry procedures for chinese tourists and investors, a move that helped triple the number of chinese visitors to , last year. many of the new chinese immigrants encounter hostility from many filipinos, including filipino-born chinese, for being perceived as engaging in criminal activities and fraud.[ ] south korea[edit] according to the republic of korea immigration service, as of december , there were , undocumented immigrants, which is . % of , , total foreign nationals who resided in south korea. most undocumented immigrants in south korea are asian. the top home countries of those undocumented immigrants all came from other asian countries with china at number followed by thailand, vietnam, philippines, mongolia, indonesia, uzbekistan, bangladesh, sri lanka and cambodia.[ ] other countries[edit] 	china: (see illegal immigration in china.) china is building a security barrier along its border with north korea to prevent the defectors or refugees from north korea.[ ] also, many undocumented immigrants from mongolia have tried to make it to china. there might be as many as , africans in guangzhou, mostly undocumented overstayers.[ ] to encourage people to report foreigners living illegally in china, the police are giving a yuan reward to whistle blowers whose information successfully leads to an expulsion.[ ] 	nepal: in , nepal's maoist-led government has initiated a major crackdown against tibetan exiles with the aim to deport to china all tibetans living illegally in the country. tibetans started pouring into nepal after a failed anti-chinese uprising in tibet in .[ ] 	thailand: (see illegal immigration to thailand.) americas[edit] brazil[edit] see also: illegal immigration in brazil brazil has long been part of international migration routes. in , the government estimated the number of undocumented immigrants at about , people; a catholic charity working with immigrants said there were , undocumented immigrants ( , of whom were from bolivia). that same year, the national congress of brazil approved an amnesty, opening a six-month window for all foreigners to seek legalization irrespective of their previous standing before the law. brazil had last legalized all immigrants in ; bilateral deals, one of which promoted the legalization of all reciprocal immigrants with bolivia to date, signed in , are also common.[ ] undocumented immigrants in brazil enjoy the same legal privileges as native brazilians regarding access to social services such as public education and the brazilian public healthcare system.[ ] a federal police operation investigated chinese immigrants who traveled through six countries before arriving in são paulo to work under substandard conditions in the textile industry.[ ] after signing the amnesty bill into law, president lula da silva said, in a speech, that "repression and intolerance against immigrants will not solve the problems caused by" the financial crisis of – , thereby also harshly criticizing the "policy of discrimination and prejudice" against immigrants in developed nations. an october piece from o globo, quoting a undp study, estimates the number of undocumented immigrants at .  million,[ ] and points out to a recent wave of xenophobia among the general populace.[ ] canada[edit] main article: illegal immigration in canada there is no credible information available on illegal immigration in canada. estimates range between , and , undocumented immigrants in canada.[ ] james bissett, a former head of the canadian immigration service, has suggested that the lack of any credible refugee screening process, combined with a high likelihood of ignoring any deportation orders, has resulted in tens of thousands of outstanding warrants for the arrest of rejected refugee claimants, with little attempt at enforcement.[ ] refugee claimants in canada do not have to attempt re-entry to learn the status of their claim. a report by the auditor general sheila fraser stated that canada has lost track of as many as , undocumented immigrants.[ ][ ] this number was predicted to increase drastically with the expiration of temporary employer work permits issued in and , which were not renewed in many cases because of the shortage of work due to the recession.[ ] mexico[edit] main article: illegal immigration in mexico in the first six months of , more than , people from central america were deported, as compared to , when for the entire year, only , were deported.[ ] people of han chinese origin pay about $ , to smugglers to be taken to mexico from hong kong. it is estimated that . % of rejections for work permits in mexico correspond to chinese citizens.[ ] in a news story, usa today reported, "... mexico's arizona-style law requires local police to check ids. and mexican police freely engage in racial profiling and routinely harass central american migrants, say immigration activists."[ ] many women from eastern europe, asia, and central and south america take jobs at table dance establishments in large cities. the national institute of migration (inm) in mexico raids strip clubs and deports foreigners who work without proper documentation.[ ] in , the inm deported , people at a cost of us$  million.[ ] in september , mexican president calderón harshly criticized the united states government for the crackdown on undocumented immigrants, saying it has led to the persecution of immigrant workers without visas. "i have said that mexico does not stop at its border, that wherever there is a mexican, there is mexico", he said.[ ] however, mexico has also deported us citizens, deporting , cases in and , in .[ ] illegal immigration of cubans through cancún tripled from to .[ ] in october , mexico tightened its immigration rules and agreed to deport cubans who use the country as an entry point to the us. it also criticized us policy that generally allows cubans who reach us territory to stay. cuban foreign minister said the cuban-mexican agreement would lead to "the immense majority of cubans being repatriated."[ ] united states[edit] undocumented immigrant rights march for amnesty in downtown los angeles, california on may day, main articles: illegal immigration to the united states, illegal immigrant population of the united states, and illegal immigration to puerto rico see also: central american migrant caravans, coyote (person), and deferred action for childhood arrivals approximately  million undocumented immigrants were estimated to be living in the united states in .[ ] the pew hispanic center estimated that this peaked at  million in march and declined to million again in march .[ ] the majority of the undocumented immigrants are from mexico.[ ] the issue of illegal immigration has long been controversial in the united states. in , president george w. bush called for congress to endorse his guest worker proposal, stating that undocumented immigrants took jobs that americans would not take.[ ] the pew hispanic center notes that while the number of legal immigrants arriving has not varied substantially since the s, the number of undocumented immigrants has increased dramatically and, since the mid- s, has surpassed the number of legal immigrants.[ ] penalties for employers of undocumented immigrants, of $ , –$ , and up to six months' imprisonment,[ ] go largely unenforced. political groups like americans for legal immigration have formed to demand enforcement of immigration laws and secure borders. alipac has also called for "safe departure" border checkpoints, free of criminal checks.[ ] in a news story, the los angeles times reported, ...illegal immigrants in were parents of . million children, . million of whom were born in the u.s. and are citizens. because illegal immigrants are younger and more likely to be married, they represented a disproportionate share of births— % of the babies born in the u.s. between march and march were to at least one illegal immigrant parent.[ ] immigration from mexico to the united states has slowed in recent years.[ ] this has been attributed to the slowing of the u.s. economy, the buildup in security along the border and increased violence on the mexican side of the mexico–united states border.[ ] in , the library of congress announced it would use "noncitizens" and "unauthorized immigration" rather than "illegal aliens" as a bibliographical term. it said the once common phrase had become offensive, and was not precise.[ ] however, as of june it still uses "illegal aliens".[ ] in , attorney general jeff sessions instructed the us attorneys offices not to use the term "undocumented immigrants", but to instead refer to people as "illegal aliens".[ ] other countires[edit] 	venezuela: an estimated , colombians have fled the colombian civil war and sought safety in venezuela. most of them lack identity documents and this hampers their access to services, as well as to the labor market. the venezuelan government has no specific policies on refugees.[ ][ ] a much greater number of venezuelans entered colombia trying to escape from the political, economic and humanitarian crisis in the st century, especially during the last five to years.[ ][ ] 	chile: chile has recently become a new pole of attraction for undocumented immigrants, mostly from neighboring peru and bolivia but also ecuador, colombia, dominican republic, paraguay, venezuela and haiti. according to the national census, chile's foreign-born foreign population has increased by % since .[ ] 	dominican republic: the dominican republic is a nation that shares the island of hispaniola with haiti. an estimated , , haitians live and work in the dominican republic, which has a total population of about ten million. the percentage of haitians that have illegally immigrated to the dominican republic is not accurately known, and "many dominicans have come to resent the influx of lower-paid workers from across the border and have sought to make their country less hospitable to noncitizens."[ ] (see also haitians in the dominican republic.) eurasia and oceania[edit] australia[edit] main article: immigration in australia official government sources put the number of visa overstayers in australia at approximately , . this has been the official number of undocumented immigrants for about years and is considered to be low. other sources have placed it at up to , , but no detailed study has been completed to quantify this number, which could be significantly higher. on june , the migration amendment (reform of employer sanctions) act commenced. this new law puts the onus on businesses to ensure that their employees maintain the necessary work entitlements in australia. the new legislation also enables the australian department of immigration and citizenship to levy infringement notices against business (aud $ , ) and individual (aud $ , ) employers on a strict liability basis – meaning that there is no requirement to prove fault, negligence or intention.[ ][ ] russia[edit] main article: illegal immigration in russia russia experiences a constant flow of immigration. on average, , legal immigrants enter the country every year; about half are ethnic russians from other republics of the former soviet union. there are an estimated –  million foreigners working in the country without legal permission to be there.[ ] there has been a significant influx of ethnic georgians, armenians, azerbaijanis, tajiks, and uzbeks into large russian cities in recent years, which has been viewed very unfavorably by many citizens and contributed to nationalist sentiments.[ ][ ][ ] many immigrant ethnic groups have much higher birth rates than native russians, further shifting the balance. some chinese flee the overpopulation and birth control regulations of their home country and settle in the far east and in southern siberia. russia's main pacific port and naval base of vladivostok, once closed to foreigners, today is bristling with chinese markets, restaurants and trade houses.[ ] this has been occurring a lot since the soviet collapse. illegal border crossing is considered a crime, and captured illegal border crossers have been sentenced to prison terms. for example, rossiyskaya gazeta reported in october the case of a north korean who was detained after illegally crossing the amur river from china. considered by russian authorities an "economic migrant", he was sentenced to months in prison and was to be deported to the country of his nationality after serving his sentence, even though he may now risk an even heavier penalty there. that was just one of the cases year-to-date of irregular entrants, of various nationalities, receiving criminal punishment in amur oblast.[ ] turkey[edit] main article: illegal immigration in turkey turkey receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as azerbaijan, georgia, armenia, but also from north caucasus, central asia, afghanistan and pakistan.[ ][ ] the iraq war is thought to have increased the flow of illegal immigration into turkey, and the global parties directly involved in the conflict have been accused of extending a less-helping hand than turkey itself to resolve the precarious situation of immigrants stranded in passage.[ ] europe[edit] see also: european migrant crisis and open borders eurostat: non-eu citizens found to be illegally present in the eu- and efta, the schengen area is a multilateral agreement between states in which they in most cases abolish the border control among themselves. these states include most of the eu countries, as well as the eec countries norway, switzerland and iceland. any person who is physically inside any of the schengen states will usually be able to travel to any other schengen state without hindrance from the law enforcement, even if he or she has no legal right to enter another schengen area member state. a person who wishes to immigrate illegally to a schengen area member state may therefore find it more practical to enter it through another member state. according to a bbc report from , over % of undocumented immigrants entering the european union pass through greece.[ ] eu countries that are not members of the schengen agreement are still committed to allow lawful entry by citizens of eu countries;[ ] they may however exercise border control at their discretion. migrants along the balkan route crossing from serbia into hungary, august this typically presents a significant hindrance to persons who are trying to enter those countries illegally. citizens within the eu is an economic and political partnership between european countries that together cover much of the european continent.[ ] a citizen of an eu member state has the right to seek employment within any other member state.[ ] the schengen agreement does not regulate treatment of persons who enter the schengen area illegally. this is therefore left to the individual states, and other applicable international treaties and european case law. illegal immigration to schengen and to europe in general was increasing sharply since approximately early .[ ] the main causes for this increase are the conflicts that followed the arab spring; in particular, the civil war in syria has driven millions of people from their homes, and the disintegration of the libyan government removed a major barrier for the african migrants. illegal immigration to some of the schengen area states might face different consideration depending on countries such as bulgaria, france, greece. france[edit] main article: immigration to france children born to noncitizens in france are not immigrants themselves, but they are considered foreigners under french law, until they reach the age of , at which time they automatically become citizens.[ ] french citizenship is based in the idea of political unity; therefore, french citizenship may be more accessible than other eu countries, such as germany and the uk. however, many french citizens feel that those who gain french citizenship should conform to the cultural aspects of french life.[ ] foreigners can also become french citizens if they serve in the foreign legion. french law prohibits anyone from assisting or trying to assist "the entry, movement, or irregular stay of a foreigner in france."[ ] france has an immigration ministry (l'immigration, l'intégration, l'asile et le développement solidaire) which begun functioning in under president sarkozy. the government seek to combat smugglers who profit financially from moving immigrants into, through, and out of france, according to the immigration minister, Éric besson.[ ][ ] hungary[edit] see also: hungarian border barrier the hungarian–serbian border fence in , hungary registered , asylum seekers and , up to july .[ ] in the summer of , hungary started building a m high fence along its  km border to neighbouring serbia to keep out the tens of thousands undocumented immigrants from the middle east and migrants trying to reach the european union.[ ] the border was sealed on september and the fence was the following day attacked by refugees and defended by riot police.[ ] with the hungary-serbia border closed, migrants then started heading to croatia, but as croatia led the migrants to the hungary-croatia border, hungary then started the construction of a second fence along its border with croatia on september .[ ] united kingdom[edit] main article: illegal immigration in the united kingdom many try to cross the english channel from calais to seek asylum or refugee status in great britain.[ ] truck drivers can be fined up to € , if irregular immigrants are found on board.[ ] the home office has its agents working alongside french police and immigration agents, to prevent unauthorized people from entering the zone. an area of calais known as "the jungle" had a police raid in september to control illegal immigration.[ ] the french also try to stop undocumented immigrants from entering france from the southern part of the country.[ ] non-governmental organizations, such as secours catholique and the red cross provide food, showers, and shelter to sans papiers who gather waiting to cross the channel. in , an iranian man was sent back to paris, from london, as he was unable to present any id to british immigration officers. he stayed at the airport for nearly twenty years and his story loosely inspired a film, the terminal.[ ] as of [update] there were between , and , undocumented immigrants in the united kingdom. the united kingdom is a difficult country to reach as it is mostly located on one island and part of another, but traffickers in calais, france have tried to smuggle undocumented immigrants into the uk. many undocumented immigrants come from africa and asia. as of there were also many from eastern europe and latin america having overstayed their visas.[ ][ ] a study carried out by the university of oxford's centre on migration, policy and society (compas) has estimated that there were , irregular migrant children in the uk, of whom , were born in the uk to parents without legal status. according to the study these children are at risk of destitution, exploitation and social exclusion because of contradictory and frequently changing rules and regulations which jeopardize their access to healthcare, education, protection by the police and other public services.[ ] the home office estimated that , to , applications a year to stay in the uk are made on the basis of a sham marriage.[ ] many undocumented immigrants or asylum seekers have tried to enter the uk from france, by hiding inside trucks or trains.[ ] on august , the government of britain and france worked together on a single channel to finalize a new plan for blocking illegal migrant route. many of the migrants who aimed to emigrate to britain came from afghanistan, iraq, iran, syria and countries in africa, fleeing poverty, persecution or war.[ ] other countries[edit] 	bulgaria: in , , persons attempted to enter bulgaria via its border with turkey.[ ] their aim is not believed by bulgarian border officials to remain in bulgaria, but to go to other european countries.[ ] in november , bulgaria started building a razor wire fence on its turkey border, which was completed in .[ ] 	norway: the number of undocumented immigrants in norway was estimated to roughly thousand in ,[ ] and to between and thousand in .[ ] estimates by organizations working with undocumented migrants are much lower, between thousand and thousand in .[ ] 	germany: the number of irregular immigrants caught in germany from january to november was , according to the federal police. over , people entered germany by land and , entering from austria. some , people also arrived illegally at airports and more than , people at sea ports. most of the migrants were from afghanistan, nigeria, iraq, syria and turkey.[ ] 	switzerland: it is estimated that at least , individuals reside in switzerland without being registered with the authorities and thus are considered undocumented immigrants by the state. many are also workers, employed as nannies, labourers on farms or construction sites, as well as waiters or kitchen or other ancillary staff in the restaurant and hotel industry.[ ] middle east[edit] iran[edit] 		wikinews has related news: 	 illegal afghan immigrants suffocate in truck in pakistan since late april , the iranian government has forcibly deported back afghans living and working in iran to afghanistan at a rate between , and , per year. the forceful evictions of the refugees, who lived in iran and pakistan for nearly three decades, are part of the two countries' larger plans to repatriate all afghan refugees within a few years. iran said that it would send , , by march , and pakistan announced that all , , afghan refugees, most living in camps, must return home by . aimal khan, a political analyst at the sustainable development policy institute in islamabad said it would be "disastrous" for afghanistan.[ ][ ][ ] israel[edit] see also: illegal immigration from africa to israel demonstration against the expulsion of undocumented immigrants and their families from israel, tel aviv, tens of thousands of migrants, mostly from sudan and eritrea, had crossed the israeli border between and .[ ] prime minister benjamin netanyahu said that "this phenomenon is very grave and threatens the social fabric of society, our national security and our national identity."[ ] in may , israel introduced a law which would allow undocumented immigrants to be detained for up to three years, a measure that the interior ministry intended to stem the flow of africans entering israel across the desert border with egypt.[ ] as a result, completing a barrier along the border with egypt, illegal immigration from africa decreased by over %.[ ] israel faces substantial (estimated at , in )[ ] illegal immigration of arab workers from the palestinian authority territories, a migration that includes both workers seeking employment, and homosexuals escaping the social opprobrium of arab society.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] thousands of foreign workers who entered the country on temporary visas have overstayed and live illegally in israel.[ ] there is a debate within israel as to whether the israel-born children of foreign workers should be allowed to remain in the country.[ ] libya[edit] 		wikinews has related news: 	 shipwreck off coast of libya; hundreds of african migrants feared dead main article: illegal immigration in libya before the libyan civil war, libya was home to a large undocumented sub-saharan african population which numbers as much as , , .[ ] the mass expulsion plan to summarily deport all undocumented foreigners was announced by then-current libyan leader colonel muammar al-gaddafi in january , "no resident without a legal visa will be excluded."[ ][ ] saudi arabia[edit] main article: illegal immigration in saudi arabia in , saudi arabia began construction of a saudi–yemen barrier between its territory and yemen to prevent the unauthorized movement of people and goods into and out of the kingdom. anthony h. cordesman labeled it a "separation barrier".[ ] in february , the guardian reported that yemeni opposition newspapers likened the barrier to the israeli west bank barrier,[ ] while the independent wrote "saudi arabia, one of the most vocal critics in the arab world of israel's 'security fence' in the west bank, is quietly emulating the israeli example by erecting a barrier along its porous border with yemen".[ ] saudi officials rejected the comparison saying it was built to prevent infiltration and smuggling.[ ] syria[edit] since the us-led invasion of iraq in march , there are more refugees from iraq. the united nations estimates that nearly , , iraqis have fled the country since ,[ ] with nearly , fleeing to syria and jordan each month.[ ][ ] most ventured to jordan and syria, creating demographic shifts that have worried both governments. refugees are mired in poverty as they are generally barred from working in their host countries.[ ][ ] syrian authorities worried that the new influx of refugees would limit the country's resources. sources like oil, heat, water and electricity were said to be becoming scarcer as demand were rising.[ ] on october , news agencies reported that syria reimposed restrictions on iraqi refugees, as stated by a spokesperson for the united nations high commissioner for refugees. under syria's new rules, only iraqi merchants, businessmen and university professors with visas acquired from syrian embassies may enter syria.[ ][ ][ ] see also[edit] 	law portal 	asylum shopping 	bolivarian diaspora 	border patrol (disambiguation) 	deportation 	free migration 	immigration and crime 	immigration and customs enforcement 	international convention on the protection of the rights of all migrant workers and members of their families 	nationality law 	open border 	political demography 	stowaway 	undocumented youth in the united states 	unreported employment (working under the table) 	venezuelan diaspora references[edit] 	^ taylor, mark (december ). 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"return of the nativists? california public opinion and immigration in the s and s." social science history ( ): – . via project muse. 	beasley, vanessa b., ed. . who belongs in america?: presidents, rhetoric, and immigration. 	besenyo, janos. . "fences and border protection: the question of establishing technical barriers in europe." aarms ( ): – . 	bischoff, christine, francesca falk, and sylvia kafehsy. november. "images of illegalized immigration. towards a critical iconology of politics." bielefeld: transcript. isbn  - - - - 	borjas, g.j. . "the economics of immigration." journal of economic literature ( ): – . 	cull, nicholas j. and davíd carrasco, ed. . alambrista and the us–mexico border: film, music, and stories of undocumented immigrants u. of new mexico press. pp. 	de la torre, miguel a. . "trails of terror: testimonies on the current immigration debate." orbis books. 	dowling, julie a., and jonathan xavier inda, eds. . "governing immigration through crime: a reader ." stanford, ca: stanford university press. 	espenshade, thomas j. . "unauthorized immigration to the united states" annual review of sociology ( ): +. 	flores, william v ( ). "new citizens, new rights: illegal immigrants and latino cultural citizenship". latin american perspectives. ( ): – . doi: . / x . s cid  . 	hunter, w. . undocumented nationals: between statelessness and citizenship. cambridge: cambridge university press. 	inda, jonathan xavier. . "targeting immigrant: government, technology, and ethics." malden, ma: wiley-blackwell. 	kennedy, marie, and chris tilly. . 'they work here, they live here, they stay here!': french immigrants strike for the right to work—and win. dollars & sense (july/august ). 	magaña, lisa. . straddling the border: immigration policy and the ins . 	marquardt, marie friedmann, timothy steigenga, philip williams, and manuel vasquez. . living "illegal": the human face of unauthorized immigration , the new press. 	mohl, raymond a. . "latinization in the heart of dixie: hispanics in late-twentieth-century alabama" alabama review ( ): – . issn  - – . 	myers, dowell. . immigrants and boomers: forging a new social contract for the future of america. russell sage foundation, isbn  - - - - . 	ngai, mae m. . "the strange career of the illegal alien: immigration restriction and deportation policy in the united states, – ." law and history review ( ): – . issn  - . full text in history cooperative. 	—— . impossible subjects: illegal aliens and the making of modern america. 	range, peter r. may. "europe faces an immigrant tide." national geographic magazine . 	rosello, mireille. . "representing undocumented immigrants in france: from clandestins to l'affaire des sans-papiers de saint-bernard." journal of european studies : . 	schaeffer, peter v.; kahsai, mulugeta s. ( ). "a theoretical note on the relationship between documented and undocumented migration". international journal of population research. : – . doi: . / / . 	tranaes, t., and k. f. zimmermann, eds. . migrants, work, and the welfare state , odense, university press of southern denmark. 	venturini, a. . post-war migration in southern europe. an economic approach cambridge university press. 	vicino, thomas j. . suburban crossroads: the fight for local control of immigration policy . lanham, md: lexington books. 	zimmermann, k. f., ed. . european migration: what do we know? oxford university press. 		v 	t 	e immigration 	history and law	 	border security 	immigrant assimilation 	immigration by country 	immigration policy 	jus soli 	multiculturalism 	refugee 	opposition and reform	 	criticism of multiculturalism 	immigration reform 	opposition to immigration 	white genocide conspiracy theory 	related topics	 	civic nationalism 	nativism 	persecution 	plurinationalism 	effects of war 	white 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		 	 	 ndsa digipres planning committee volunteer form ndsa digipres planning committee volunteer form thank you for your interest in organizing the ndsa digipres conference in st. louis, missouri! ndsa is an affiliate of the council on library and information resources (clir) and the digital library federation (dlf), and the digipres conference is held in concert with the annual dlf forum. clir continues to monitor the ongoing covid- pandemic, and after successfully pivoting to a virtual format for , will be making a call on this for by early spring . ***the deadline for completing this form is friday, january , .*** * required full name * your answer email address * your answer institution/affiliation * your answer is your institution an ndsa member? * this is not a requirement to participate on the organizing committee! yes no subcommittees * please select which of the following subcommittees in which you would be interested in participating. feel free to select more than one, and 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not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules (ong, ta-chung; ) read it solid state nuclear magnetic resonance methodology and applications to structure determination of peptides, proteins and amyloid fibrils jaroniec, christopher p ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it high frequency ( . ghz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of biomolecules bellew, brendan francis ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it measurements of segmental order parameters and torsional angles in solid state nuclear magnetic resonance gross, john d. (john david), - ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it applications of dnp and solid-state nmr for protein structure determination mayrhofer, rebecca maria ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it design, synthesis, and characterization of conjugated polymers and functional paramagnetic materials for dynamic nuclear polarization dane, eric lawrence ( ) 	 advisor: timothy m. swager 	 department of chemistry read it high-resolution high-frequency dynamic nuclear polarization for biomolecular solid state nmr barnes, alexander b. (alexander benjamin) ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it amyloid fibril structure of peptides and proteins by magic angle spinning nmr spectroscopy and dynamic nuclear polarization debelouchina, galia tzvetanova ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it high field dnp nmr probe design and application in crystalline solids wilson, christopher blake ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of physics read it structure and function of the influenza membrane protein m by magic angle spinning nmr and dynamic nuclear polarization andreas, loren b ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it high field dnp and cryogenic mas nmr : novel instrumentation and applications markhasin, evgeny ( ) 	 advisor: robert g. griffin, peter t. lansbury, jr. 	 department of chemistry read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. none information technology and libraries 	 		skip to main content 		skip to main navigation menu 		skip to site footer 	 	 				 			 				 																 																								 								 							 																	 									 								 									 						 																					 				 					current 				 							 	 				 					archives 				 							 	 				 					announcements 				 							 	 				 					about 				 										 									 										about the journal 									 								 	 									 										editorial team 									 								 	 									 										submissions 									 								 	 									 										contact 									 								 	 									 										privacy statement 									 								 							 				 																								 		 		 		 			search 		 		 			 				search 			 			 			 		 													 					 								 				 							 				 					register 				 							 	 				 					login 				 							 				 			 		 						 			 	 			 			 		 	 		 				 			 				current issue 			 			 				vol no ( ) 			 			 		 		 						 				 				 							 				 					published: 				 				 					 - - 				 			 			 		 		 			 									 					editorials 				 							 						 	 	 	 		 			letter from the editor 					 	 		 				 			ken varnum 		 		 				 		 	 	 				 																										 	 		 		 	pdf 	 				 	 	 					 	 						 	 	 	 		 			in the middle of difficulty lies opportunity 							 					hope floats 				 					 	 		 				 			evviva weinraub lajoie 		 		 				 		 	 	 				 																										 	 		 		 	pdf 	 				 	 	 					 	 						 	 	 	 		 			what more can we do to address broadband inequity and digital poverty? 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(december ) istvan banyai (born february , in budapest, [ñ]]) is a hungarian illustrator and animator. he received his bfa from moholy-nagy university of art and design. in banyai produced his first wordless children's book, zoom. honored as one of the best children's books of the year by the new york times and publishers weekly, zoom was soon published in languages.[citation needed] he went on to author four more books and illustrate many more in collaboration with other writers and poets. "it's refreshing to encounter a group of virtually wordless books that invite children to consider their world from a point of view they may not have otherwise considered. the most stunning is zoom, written—or, rather, imagined and then illustrated—by istvan banyai." [ ] while he continues to produce commercial illustrations for publications such as the new yorker, playboy, rolling stone, time and the atlantic monthly; cover art for sony and verve records; and animated short films for nickelodeon and mtv europe, he is internationally respected for his unique philosophical and iconoclastic vision, thus transcending the status of commercial illustrator to gifted artist. banyai describes his art as "an organic combination of turn-of-the-century viennese retro, interjected with american pop, some european absurdity added for flavor, served on a cartoon-style color palette... no social realism added."[ ] having moved from budapest to live in paris, los angeles, and manhattan, banyai now lives with his wife in rural connecticut. contents 	 books 	 awards 	 articles 	 exhibitions 	 references books[edit] 	zoom (new york: viking, ) 	re-zoom (new york: penguin group, ) 	rem: rapid eye movement (new york: viking, ) 	delzell, tom. the slang of sin (merriam webster, ) 	sandburg, carl. poems for children: nowhere near old enough to vote (random house, ) 	minus equals plus introduction by kurt andersen (new york: abrams, ) 	the other side (chronicle books, ) 	wiedemann, julius, ed.illustration now! (köln: taschen, ) 	park, linda sue. tap dancing on the roof (clarion books, awards[edit] 	ten best books of the year, new york times book review, 	international reading association (ira) children's choices award, [ ] 	publishers's weekly, best books, 	american illustration cover, no , november 	"professor emeritus", moholy nagy academy of art, budapest, 	the society of illustrators, best illustrated childrenbook, "the other side", gold medal, 	 x , magazine of contemporary illustration, silver medal, 	notable children’s books, committee of the association for library service to children.[ ] articles[edit] 	mark vallen, "illustrating war," foreign policy in focus, march , [ ] 	patricia mccormick, "all things considered" november , , the new york times[ ] 	sean kelly, "spring children's books: stuff and nonsense" may , , the new york times[ ] 	school library journal[ ] 	step inside design[ ] 	"hungary: an open book"[ ] exhibitions[edit] 	"stranger in a strange land", retrospective solo exhibition in the norman rockwell museum, massachusetts, .[ ] 	"artists against the war," society of illustrators, new york, january 	"illuminare" design week budapest. hungary, 	wordless book festival, kyoto, japan, 	“america illustrated” or the best contemporary american illustrators, teatrio association together with the italian foreign affairs department and the embassy of the united states of america. catalogue cover art, published by associazione culturale teatrio. italy, 	eastern european illustrators for the new york times "op-ed". sva, new york, references[edit] 	^ patricia mccormick ( - - ). "all things reconsidered". the new york times. retrieved - - . 	^ "minus equals plus by istvan banyai | | paperback | barnes & noble". search.barnesandnoble.com. retrieved - - . 	^ "welcome to the international reading association". reading.org. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "notable children's books: ". booklist online. - - . retrieved - - . 	^ [ ] archived september , , at the wayback machine 	^ (https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res= f e d f a c a 	^ sean kelly ( - - ). "spring children's books; stuff and nonsense". the new york times. retrieved - - . 	^ http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/ca .html?q=istvan+banyai 	^ "step design annual : editorial". web.archive.org. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ [ ] archived august , , at the wayback machine 	^ jclowe ( - - ). "istvan banyai: stranger in a strange land | norman rockwell museumnorman rockwell museum". nrm.org. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	authority control 	 	bibsys: 	bnf: cb (data) 	gnd: 	isni: 	lccn: n 	ndl: 	nkc: xx 	nlk: kac 	nta: 	sudoc: 	viaf: 	 worldcat identities: lccn-n retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=istvan_banyai&oldid= " 		categories: 	 births 	living people 	hungarian illustrators 	writers from budapest 	hungarian animated film directors hidden categories: 	webarchive template wayback links 	articles with short description 	articles with short description added by pearbot 	short description is different from wikidata 	articles to be expanded from december 	all articles with unsourced statements 	articles with unsourced statements from october 	wikipedia articles with bibsys identifiers 	wikipedia articles with bnf identifiers 	wikipedia articles with gnd identifiers 	wikipedia articles with isni identifiers 	wikipedia articles with lccn identifiers 	wikipedia articles with ndl identifiers 	wikipedia articles with nkc identifiers 	wikipedia articles with nlk identifiers 	wikipedia articles with nta identifiers 	wikipedia articles with sudoc identifiers 	wikipedia articles with viaf identifiers 	wikipedia articles with worldcatid identifiers 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			esperanto 	magyar 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 stanford mips - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	stanford mips 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		not to be confused with mips architecture or mips-x. 	 	this article includes a list of general references, but it remains largely unverified because it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (may ) (learn how and when to remove this template message) mips, an acronym for microprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages, was a research project conducted by john l. hennessy at stanford university between and . mips investigated a type of instruction set architecture (isa) now called reduced instruction set computer (risc), its implementation as a microprocessor with very large scale integration (vlsi) semiconductor technology, and the effective exploitation of risc architectures with optimizing compilers. mips, together with the ibm and berkeley risc, were the three research projects that pioneered and popularized risc technology in the mid- s. in recognition of the impact mips made on computing, hennessey was awarded the ieee john von neumann medal in by the ieee (shared with david a. patterson), the eckert–mauchly award in by the association for computing machinery, the seymour cray computer engineering award in by the ieee computer society, and, again with david patterson, the turing award in by the acm. the project was initiated in in response to reports of similar projects at ibm (the ) and the university of california, berkeley (the risc). mips was conducted by hennessy and his graduate students until its conclusion in . hennessey founded mips computer systems in the same year to commercialize the technology developed by the project. in , mips computer systems announced a new isa, also called mips, and its first implementation, the r microprocessor. the commercial mips isa, and its implementations went on to be widely used, appearing in embedded computers, personal computers, workstations, servers, and supercomputers. as of may , the commercial mips isa is owned by imagination technologies, and is used mainly in embedded computers. in the late s, a follow-up project called mips-x was conducted by hennessy at stanford. the mips isa was based on a -bit word. it supported -bit addressing, and was word-addressed. it was a load/store architecture—all references to memory used load and store instructions that copied data between the main memory and general-purpose registers (gprs). all other instructions, such as integer arithmetic, operated on the gprs. it possessed a basic instruction set consisting of instructions for control flow, integer arithmetic, and logical operations. to minimize pipeline stalls, all instructions except for load and store had to be executed in one clock cycle. there were no instructions for integer multiplication or division, or operations for floating-point numbers. the architecture exposed all hazards caused by the five-stage pipeline with delay slots. the compiler scheduled instructions to avoid hazards resulting in incorrect computation whilst simultaneously ensuring that the generated code minimized execution time. mips instructions are or bit long. the decision to expose all hazards was motivated by the desire to maximize performance by minimizing critical paths, which interlock circuits lengthened. instructions were packed into -bit instruction words (as mips is word-addressed). a -bit instruction word could contain two -bit operations. these were included to reduce the size of machine code. the mips microprocessor was implemented in nmos logic. references[edit] 	tanenbaum, andrew s. structured computer organization ( ed.). 	stallings, william. computer organization and architecture: designing for performance ( ed.). 	tabak, daniel ( ). risc architecture. research studies press. pp.  – . 		v 	t 	e mips microprocessors 	 	mips architecture 	mips architecture processors 	list of mips architecture processors 	general processors	 	mips compatible	 	loongson series 	ls a /ls a -i(ls a -i) 	ls a /ls a -i 	ls a /ls a -i(ls a -i) 	ls a /ls a -i(ls a -i) 	ls b 	ls b 	ls b 	ls b 	ls b 	application processors	 	mips compatible	 	ingenic xburst 	jz 	ben nanonote 	jz (skytone alpha- ) 	jz (dingoo a ) 	jz (game gadget) 	jz 	velocity micro t cruz 	velocity micro t cruz 	jz 	ainol novo paladin 	neogeo-x 	gcw-zero 	jz 	mips compatible	 	loongson series 	ls h 	ls k /ls k 	microcontrollers (embedded device)	 	m k	 	microchip technology pic mx 	 kc/ kec	 	ati/amd/broadcom xilleon 	mips compatible	 	loongson series 	ls a 	ls b 	ls c 	ls c 	ls d 	ls g 	ls h 	networking	 	 kc/ kec	 	qualcomm atheros 	ar 	ar 	mediatek 	rt 	texas instruments/infineon/lantiq 	ar 	lantiq 	amazon 	 kc	 	marvell 	 e "link street" 	 kc/ kec	 	qualcomm atheros 	ar 	ar 	ar 	ar 	mediatek 	rt 	rt 	rt 	rt 	rt 	mt 	lantiq 	danube 	vinax 	 kc	 	lantiq 	ar 	vrx 	grx 	ikanos 	fusiv vx / 	fusiv vx 	fusiv vx / 	 kc	 	qualcomm atheros 	ar 	qca 	mediatek 	rt 	rt 	broadcom 	bcm 	 kc	 	mediatek 	mt 	 kc	 	realtek 	rtl c 	mips compatible	 	broadcom 	various 	cavium 	various 	alchemy semiconductor 	alchemy 	rmi corporation 	xlr 	mips compatible	 	broadcom 	various 	cavium 	octeon 	gaming	 	various	 	playstation mips r a-compatible 	nintendo nec vr 	playstation portable r -based 	playstation emotion engine 	supercomputer	 	mips compatible	 	loongson-based systems 	ls f/ls f 	ls a 	ls b 	sicortex 	aerospace	 	mips compatible	 	loongson series 	ls e /ls e 	mips compatible	 	loongson series 	ls e 	ls f /ls f 	ls j 	classic processors	 	mips i	 	r 	r 	mips ii	 	r 	mips iii	 	r 	r 	r 	r i 	r 	r 	mips iv	 	r 	r 	r 	r 	r a 	r 	r a 	r 	r a 	r 	mips v	 	h "beast" 	h "capitan" 	 	v 	t 	e reduced instruction set computer (risc) architectures 	 	ibm 	berkeley risc 	stanford mips 	active	 	analog devices blackfin 	arc 	arm 	avr 	esi-risc 	latticemico 	latticemico 	mips 	openrisc 	power isa 	renesas m r 	renesas superh 	renesas v 	risc-v 	sunway 	sparc 	unicore 	xilinx microblaze 	xilinx picoblaze 	historic	 	alpha 	amd am 	apollo prism 	atmel avr 	clipper 	crisp 	dec prism 	intel i 	intel i 	meta 	mips-x 	motorola 	motorola m·core 	pa-risc 	romp 	power 	powerpc retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=stanford_mips&oldid= " 		categories: 	mips architecture 	instruction set architectures 	microprocessors 	american inventions 	stanford university hidden categories: 	articles lacking in-text citations from may 	all articles lacking in-text citations 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			español 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on july , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 erambler erambler jez cope's blog 	when is a persistent identifier not persistent? or an identifier? i wrote a post on the problems with isbns as persistent identifiers (pids) for work, so check it out if that sounds interesting. 	idcc reflections i’m just back from idcc , so here are a few reflections on this year’s conference. you can find all the available slides and links to shared notes on the conference programme. there’s also a list of all the posters and an overview of the unconference skills for curation of diverse datasets here in the uk and elsewhere, you’re unlikely to find many institutions claiming to apply a deep level of curation to every dataset/software package/etc deposited with them. there are so many different kinds of data and so few people in any one institution doing “curation” that it’s impossible to do this for everything. absent the knowledge and skills required to fully evaluate an object the best that can be done is usually to make a sense check on the metadata and flag up with the depositor potential for high-level issues such as accidental disclosure of sensitive personal information. the data curation network in the united states is aiming to address this issue by pooling expertise across multiple organisations. the pilot has been highly successful and they’re now looking to obtain funding to continue this work. the swedish national data service is experimenting with a similar model, also with a lot of success. as well as sharing individual expertise, the dcn collaboration has also produced some excellent online quick-reference guides for curating common types of data. we had some further discussion as part of the unconference on the final day about what it would look like to introduce this model in the uk. there was general agreement that this was a good idea and a way to make optimal use of sparse resources. there were also very valid concerns that it would be difficult in the current financial climate for anyone to justify doing work for another organisation, apparently for free. in my mind there are two ways around this, which are not mutually exclusive by any stretch of the imagination. first is to just do it: form an informal network of curators around something simple like a mailing list, and give it a try. second is for one or more trusted organisations to provide some coordination and structure. there are several candidates for this including dcc, jisc, dpc and the british library; we all have complementary strengths in this area so it’s my hope that we’ll be able to collaborate around it. in the meantime, i hope the discussion continues. artificial intelligence, machine learning et al as you might expect at any tech-oriented conference there was a strong theme of ai running through many presentations, starting from the very first keynote from francine berman. her talk, the internet of things: utopia or dystopia? used self-driving cars as a case study to unpack some of the ethical and privacy implications of ai. for example, driverless cars can potentially increase efficiency, both through route-planning and driving technique, but also by allowing fewer vehicles to be shared by more people. however, a shared vehicle is not a private space in the way your own car is: anything you say or do while in that space is potentially open to surveillance. aside from this, there are some interesting ideas being discussed, particularly around the possibility of using machine learning to automate increasingly complex actions and workflows such as data curation and metadata enhancement. i didn’t get the impression anyone is doing this in the real world yet, but i’ve previously seen theoretical concepts discussed at idcc make it into practice so watch this space! playing games! training is always a major idcc theme, and this year two of the most popular conference submissions described games used to help teach digital curation concepts and skills. mary donaldson and matt mahon of the university of glasgow presented their use of lego to teach the concept of sufficient metadata. participants build simple models before documenting the process and breaking them down again. then everyone had to use someone else’s documentation to try and recreate the models, learning important lessons about assumptions and including sufficient detail. kirsty merrett and zosia beckles from the university of bristol brought along their card game “researchers, impact and publications (rip)”, based on the popular “cards against humanity”. rip encourages players to examine some of the reasons for and against data sharing with plenty of humour thrown in. both games were trialled by many of the attendees during thursday’s unconference. summary i realised in dublin that it’s years since i attended my first idcc, held at the university of bristol in december while i was still working at the nearby university of bath. while i haven’t been every year, i’ve been to every one held in europe since then and it’s interesting to see what has and hasn’t changed. we’re no longer discussing data management plans, data scientists or various other things as abstract concepts that we’d like to encourage, but dealing with the real-world consequences of them. the conference has also grown over the years: this year was the biggest yet, boasting over attendees. there has been especially big growth in attendees from north america, australasia, africa and the middle east. that’s great for the diversity of the conference as it brings in more voices and viewpoints than ever. with more people around to interact with i have to work harder to manage my energy levels but i think that’s a small price to pay. 	iosevka: a nice fixed-width-font iosevka is a nice, slender monospace font with a lot of configurable variations. check it out: https://typeof.net/iosevka/ 	ssi fellowship i’m honoured and excited to be named one of this year’s software sustainability institute fellows. there’s not much to write about yet because it’s only just started, but i’m looking forward to sharing more with you. in the meantime, you can take a look at the fellowship announcement and get an idea of my plans from my application video: 	replacing comments with webmentions just a quickie to say that i’ve replaced the comment section at the bottom of each post with webmentions, which allows you to comment by posting on your own site and linking here. it’s a fundamental part of the indieweb, which i’m slowly getting to grips with having been a halfway member of it for years by virtue of having my own site on my own domain. i’d already got rid of google analytics to stop forcing that tracking on my visitors, i wanted to get rid of disqus too because i’m pretty sure the only way that is free for me is if they’re selling my data and yours to third parties. webmention is a nice alternative because it relies only on open standards, has no tracking and allows people to control their own comments. while i’m currently using a third-party service to help, i can switch to self-hosted at any point in the future, completely transparently. thanks to webmention.io, which handles incoming webmentions for me, and webmention.js, which displays them on the site, i can keep it all static and not have to implement any of this myself, which is nice. it’s a bit harder to comment because you have to be able to host your own content somewhere, but then almost no-one ever commented anyway, so it’s not like i’ll lose anything! plus, if i get bridgy set up right, you should be able to comment just by replying on mastodon, twitter or a few other places. a spot of web searching shows that i’m not the first to make the disqus -&gt; webmentions switch (yes, i’m putting these links in blatantly to test outgoing webmentions with telegraph…): so long disqus, hello webmention — nicholas hoizey bye disqus, hello webmention! — evert pot implementing webmention on a static site — deluvi let’s see how this goes! 	bridging carpentries slack channels to matrix it looks like i’ve accidentally taken charge of bridging a bunch of the carpentries slack channels over to matrix. given this, it seems like a good idea to explain what that sentence means and reflect a little on my reasoning. i’m more than happy to discuss the pros and cons of this approach if you just want to try chatting in matrix, jump to the getting started section what are slack and matrix? slack (see also on wikipedia), for those not familiar with it, is an online text chat platform with the feel of irc (internet relay chat), a modern look and feel and both web and smartphone interfaces. by providing a free tier that meets many peoples’ needs on its own slack has become the communication platform of choice for thousands of online communities, private projects and more. one of the major disadvantages of using slack’s free tier, as many community organisations do, is that as an incentive to upgrade to a paid service your chat history is limited to the most recent , messages across all channels. for a busy community like the carpentries, this means that messages older than about - weeks are already inaccessible, rendering some of the quieter channels apparently empty. as slack is at pains to point out, that history isn’t gone, just archived and hidden from view unless you pay the low, low price of $ /user/month. that doesn’t seem too pricy, unless you’re a non-profit organisation with a lot of projects you want to fund and an active membership of several hundred worldwide, at which point it soon adds up. slack does offer to waive the cost for registered non-profit organisations, but only for one community. the carpentries is not an independent organisation, but one fiscally sponsored by community initiatives, which has already used its free quota of one elsewhere rendering the carpentries ineligible. other umbrella organisations such as numfocus (and, i expect, mozilla) also run into this problem with slack. so, we have a community which is slowly and inexorably losing its own history behind a paywall. for some people this is simply annoying, but from my perspective as a facilitator of the preservation of digital things the community is haemhorraging an important record of its early history. enter matrix. matrix is a chat platform similar to irc, slack or discord. it’s divided into separate channels, and users can join one or more of these to take part in the conversation happening in those channels. what sets it apart from older technology like irc and walled gardens like slack &amp; discord is that it’s federated. federation means simply that users on any server can communicate with users and channels on any other server. usernames and channel addresses specify both the individual identifier and the server it calls home, just as your email address contains all the information needed for my email server to route messages to it. while users are currently tied to their home server, channels can be mirrored and synchronised across multiple servers making the overall system much more resilient. can’t connect to your favourite channel on server x? no problem: just connect via its alias on server y and when x comes back online it will be resynchronised. the technology used is much more modern and secure than the aging irc protocol, and there’s no vender lock-in like there is with closed platforms like slack and discord. on top of that, matrix channels can easily be “bridged” to channels/rooms on other platforms, including, yes, slack, so that you can join on matrix and transparently talk to people connected to the bridged room, or vice versa. so, to summarise: the current carpentries slack channels could be bridged to matrix at no cost and with no disruption to existing users the history of those channels from that point on would be retained on matrix.org and accessible even when it’s no longer available on slack if at some point in the future the carpentries chose to invest in its own matrix server, it could adopt and become the main matrix home of these channels without disruption to users of either matrix or (if it’s still in use at that point) slack matrix is an open protocol, with a reference server implementation and wide range of clients all available as free software, which aligns with the values of the carpentries community on top of this: i’m fed up of having so many different slack teams to switch between to see the channels in all of them, and prefer having all the channels i regularly visit in a single unified interface; i wanted to see how easy this would be and whether others would also be interested. given all this, i thought i’d go ahead and give it a try to see if it made things more manageable for me and to see what the reaction would be from the community. how can i get started? reminder please remember that, like any other carpentries space, the code of conduct applies in all of these channels. first, sign up for a matrix account. the quickest way to do this is on the matrix “try now” page, which will take you to the riot web client which for many is synonymous with matrix. other clients are also available for the adventurous. second, join one of the channels. the links below will take you to a page that will let you connect via your preferred client. you’ll need to log in as they are set not to allow guest access, but, unlike slack, you won’t need an invitation to be able to join. #general — the main open channel to discuss all things carpentries #random — anything that would be considered offtopic elsewhere #welcome — join in and introduce yourself! that’s all there is to getting started with matrix. to find all the bridged channels there’s a matrix “community” that i’ve added them all to: carpentries matrix community. there’s a lot more, including how to bridge your favourite channels from slack to matrix, but this is all i’ve got time and space for here! if you want to know more, leave a comment below, or send me a message on slack (jezcope) or maybe matrix (@petrichor:matrix.org)! i’ve also made a separate channel for matrix-slack discussions: #matrix on slack and carpentries matrix discussion on matrix 	mozfest first reflections discussions of neurodiversity at #mozfest · photo by jennifer riggins the other weekend i had my first experience of mozilla festival, aka #mozfest. it was pretty awesome. i met quite a few people in real life that i’ve previously only known (/stalked) on twitter, and caught up with others that i haven’t seen for a while. i had the honour of co-facilitating a workshop session on imposter syndrome and how to deal with it with the wonderful yo yehudi and emmy tsang. we all learned a lot and hope our participants did too; we’ll be putting together a summary blog post as soon as we can get our act together! i also attended a great session, led by kiran oliver (psst, they’re looking for a new challenge), on how to encourage and support a neurodiverse workforce. i was only there for the one day, and i really wish that i’d taken the plunge and committed to the whole weekend. there’s always next year though! to be honest, i’m just disappointed that i never had the courage to go sooner, 	music for working today the office conversation turned to blocking out background noise. (no, the irony is not lost on me.) like many people i work in a large, open-plan office, and i’m not alone amongst my colleagues in sometimes needing to find a way to boost concentration by blocking out distractions. not everyone is like this, but i find music does the trick for me. i also find that different types of music are better for different types of work, and i use this to try and manage my energy better. there are more distractions than auditory noise, and at times i really struggle with visual noise. rather than have this post turn into a rant about the evils of open-plan offices, i’ll just mention that the scientific evidence doesn’t paint them in a good light , or at least suggests that the benefits are more limited in scope than is commonly thought , and move on to what i actually wanted to share: good music for working to. there are a number of genres that i find useful for working. generally, these have in common a consistent tempo, a lack of lyrics, and enough variation to prevent boredom without distracting. familiarity helps my concentration too so i’ll often listen to a restricted set of albums for a while, gradually moving on by dropping one out and bringing in another. in my case this includes: traditional dance music, generally from northern and western european traditions for me. this music has to be rhythmically consistent to allow social dancing, and while the melodies are typically simple repeated phrases, skilled musicians improvise around that to make something beautiful. i tend to go through phases of listening to particular traditions; i’m currently listening to a lot of french, belgian and scandinavian. computer game soundtracks, which are specifically designed to enhance gameplay without distracting, making them perfect for other activities requiring a similar level of concentration. chiptunes and other music incorporating it; partly overlapping with the previous category, chiptunes is music made by hacking the audio chips from (usually) old computers and games machines to become an instrument for new music. because of the nature of the instrument, this will have millisecond-perfect rhythm and again makes for undistracting noise blocking with an extra helping of nostalgia! purists would disagree with me, but i like artists that combine chiptunes with other instruments and effects to make something more complete-sounding. retrowave/synthwave/outrun, synth-driven music that’s instantly familiar as the soundtrack to many s sci-fi and thriller movies. atmospheric, almost dreamy, but rhythmic with a driving beat, it’s another genre that fits into the “pleasing but not too surprising” category for me. so where to find this stuff? one of the best resources i’ve found is music for programming which provides carefully curated playlists of mostly electronic music designed to energise without distracting. they’re so well done that the tracks move seamlessly, one to the next, without ever getting boring. spotify is an obvious option, and i do use it quite a lot. however, i’ve started trying to find ways to support artists more directly, and bandcamp seems to be a good way of doing that. it’s really easy to browse by genre, or discover artists similar to what you’re currently hearing. you can listen for free as long as you don’t mind occasional nags to buy the music you’re hearing, but you can also buy tracks or albums. music you’ve paid for is downloadable in several open, drm-free formats for you to keep, and you know that a decent chunk of that cash is going directly to that artist. i also love noise generators; not exactly music, but a variety of pleasant background noises, some of which nicely obscure typical office noise. i particularly like mynoise.net, which has a cornucopia of different natural and synthetic noises. each generator comes with a range of sliders allowing you to tweak the composition and frequency range, and will even animate them randomly for you to create a gently shifting soundscape. a much simpler, but still great, option is noisli with it’s nice clean interface. both offer apps for ios and android. for bonus points, you can always try combining one or more of the above. adding in a noise generator allows me to listen to quieter music while still getting good environmental isolation when i need concentration. another favourite combo is to open both the cafe and rainfall generators from mynoise, made easier by the ability to pop out a mini-player then open up a second generator. i must be missing stuff though. what other musical genres should i try? what background sounds are nice to work to? see e.g.: lee, so young, and jay l. brand. ‘effects of control over office workspace on perceptions of the work environment and work outcomes’. journal of environmental psychology , no. ( september ): – . https://doi.org/ . /j.jenvp. . . . ↩ open plan offices can actually work under certain conditions, the conversation ↩ well, you know. the other day. whatever. ↩ 	working at the british library: months in it barely seems like it, but i’ve been at the british library now for nearly months. it always takes a long time to adjust and from experience i know it’ll be another year before i feel fully settled, but my team, department and other colleagues have really made me feel welcome and like i belong. one thing that hasn’t got old yet is the occasional thrill of remembering that i work at my national library now. every now and then i’ll catch a glimpse of the collections at boston spa or step into one of the reading rooms and think “wow, i actually work here!” i also like having a national and international role to play, which means i get to travel a bit more than i used to. budgets are still tight so there are limits, and i still prefer to be home more often than not, but there is more scope in this job than i’ve had previously for travelling to conferences, giving talks that change the way people think, and learning in different contexts. i’m learning a lot too, especially how to work with and manage people split across multiple sites, and the care and feeding of budgets. as well as missing mo old team at sheffield, i do also miss some of the direct contact i had with researchers in he. i especially miss the teaching work, but also the higher-level influencing of more senior academics to change practices on a wider scale. still, i get to use those influencing skills in different ways now, and i’m still involved with the carpentries which should let me keep my hand in with teaching. i still deal with my general tendency to try and do all the things, and as before i’m slowly learning to recognise it, tame it and very occasionally turn it to my advantage. that also leads to feelings of imposterism that are only magnified by the knowledge that i now work at a national institution! it’s a constant struggle some days to believe that i’ve actually earned my place here through hard work, even if i don’t always feel that i have, my colleagues here certainly have, so i should have more faith in their opinion of me. finally, i couldn’t write this type of thing without mentioning the commute. i’ve gone from minutes each way on a good day (up to twice that if the trains were disrupted) to minutes each way along fairly open roads. i have less time to read, but much more time at home. on top of that, the library has implemented flexitime across all pay grades, with even senior managers strongly encouraged to make full use. not only is this an important enabler of equality across the organisation, it relieves for me personally the pressure to work over my contracted hours and the guilt i’ve always felt at leaving work even minutes early. if i work late, it’s now a choice i’m making based on business needs instead of guilt and in full knowledge that i’ll get that time back later. so that’s where i am right now. i’m really enjoying the work and the culture, and i look forward to what the next months will bring! 	rda plenary reflection photo by me i sit here writing this in the departure lounge at philadelphia international airport, waiting for my aer lingus flight back after a week at the th research data alliance (rda) plenary (although i’m actually publishing this a week or so later at home). i’m pretty exhausted, partly because of the jet lag, and partly because it’s been a very full week with so much to take in. it’s my first time at an rda plenary, and it was quite a new experience for me! first off, it’s my first time outside europe, and thus my first time crossing quite so many timezones. i’ve been waking at am and ready to drop by pm, but i’ve struggled on through! secondly, it’s the biggest conference i’ve been to for a long time, both in number of attendees and number of parallel sessions. there’s been a lot of sustained input so i’ve been very glad to have a room in the conference hotel and be able to escape for a few minutes when i needed to recharge. thirdly, it’s not really like any other conference i’ve been to: rather than having large numbers of presentations submitted by attendees, each session comprises lots of parallel meetings of rda interest groups and working groups. it’s more community-oriented: an opportunity for groups to get together face to face and make plans or show off results. i found it pretty intense and struggled to take it all in, but incredibly valuable nonetheless. lots of information to process (i took a lot of notes) and a few contacts to follow up on too, so overall i loved it! robots exclusion standard - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	 	robots exclusion standard 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 this is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on november . 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		 standard used to advise web crawlers and scrapers not to index a web page or site the robots exclusion standard, also known as the robots exclusion protocol or simply robots.txt, is a standard used by websites to communicate with web crawlers and other web robots. the standard specifies how to inform the web robot about which areas of the website should not be processed or scanned. robots are often used by search engines to categorize websites. not all robots cooperate with the standard; email harvesters, spambots, malware and robots that scan for security vulnerabilities may even start with the portions of the website where they have been told to stay out. the standard can be used in conjunction with sitemaps, a robot inclusion standard for websites. contents 	 history 	 standard 	 security 	 alternatives 	 examples 	 nonstandard extensions 	 . crawl-delay directive 	 . allow directive 	 . sitemap 	 . host 	 . universal "*" match 	 meta tags and headers 	 see also 	 references 	 external links history[edit] the standard was proposed by martijn koster,[ ][ ] when working for nexor[ ] in february [ ] on the www-talk mailing list, the main communication channel for www-related activities at the time. charles stross claims to have provoked koster to suggest robots.txt, after he wrote a badly-behaved web crawler that inadvertently caused a denial-of-service attack on koster's server.[ ] it quickly became a de facto standard that present and future web crawlers were expected to follow; most complied, including those operated by search engines such as webcrawler, lycos, and altavista.[ ] on july , google announced[ ] the proposal of the robots exclusion protocol as an official standard under internet engineering task force. the draft[ ] will now undergo acceptance process. standard[edit] when a site owner wishes to give instructions to web robots they place a text file called robots.txt in the root of the web site hierarchy (e.g. https://www.example.com/robots.txt). this text file contains the instructions in a specific format (see examples below). robots that choose to follow the instructions try to fetch this file and read the instructions before fetching any other file from the website. if this file doesn't exist, web robots assume that the website owner does not wish to place any limitations on crawling the entire site. a robots.txt file on a website will function as a request that specified robots ignore specified files or directories when crawling a site. this might be, for example, out of a preference for privacy from search engine results, or the belief that the content of the selected directories might be misleading or irrelevant to the categorization of the site as a whole, or out of a desire that an application only operates on certain data. links to pages listed in robots.txt can still appear in search results if they are linked to from a page that is crawled.[ ] a robots.txt file covers one origin. for websites with multiple subdomains, each subdomain must have its own robots.txt file. if example.com had a robots.txt file but a.example.com did not, the rules that would apply for example.com would not apply to a.example.com. in addition, each protocol and port needs its own robots.txt file; http://example.com/robots.txt does not apply to pages under http://example.com: / or https://example.com/. some major search engines following this standard include ask,[ ] aol,[ ] baidu,[ ] duckduckgo,[ ] google,[ ] yahoo!,[ ] and yandex.[ ] bing[ ] still is not fully[ ] compatible with the standard[ ] as it cannot inherit settings from the wildcard (*). the volunteering group archive team explicitly ignores robots.txt for the most part, viewing it as an obsolete standard that hinders web archival efforts. according to project leader jason scott, "unchecked, and left alone, the robots.txt file ensures no mirroring or reference for items that may have general use and meaning beyond the website's context."[ ] for some years, the internet archive did not crawl sites with robots.txt, but in april , it announced[ ] that it would no longer honour directives in the robots.txt files. “over time we have observed that the robots.txt files that are geared toward search engine crawlers do not necessarily serve our archival purposes".[ ] this was in response to entire domains being tagged with robots.txt when the content became obsolete.[ ] security[edit] despite the use of the terms "allow" and "disallow", the protocol is purely advisory[ ] and relies on the compliance of the web robot. malicious web robots are unlikely to honor robots.txt; some may even use the robots.txt as a guide to find disallowed links and go straight to them. while this is sometimes claimed to be a security risk,[ ] this sort of security through obscurity is discouraged by standards bodies. the national institute of standards and technology (nist) in the united states specifically recommends against this practice: "system security should not depend on the secrecy of the implementation or its components."[ ] in the context of robots.txt files, security through obscurity is not recommended as a security technique.[ ] alternatives[edit] many robots also pass a special user-agent to the web server when fetching content.[ ] a web administrator could also configure the server to automatically return failure (or pass alternative content) when it detects a connection using one of the robots.[ ][ ] some sites, such as google, host a humans.txt file that displays information meant for humans to read.[ ] some sites such as github redirect humans.txt to an about page.[ ] previously google had a joke file hosted at /killer-robots.txt instructing the terminator not to kill the company founders larry page and sergey brin.[ ][ ] examples[edit] this example tells all robots that they can visit all files because the wildcard * stands for all robots and the disallow directive has no value, meaning no pages are disallowed. user-agent: * allow: / the same result can be accomplished with an empty or missing robots.txt file. this example tells all robots to stay out of a website: user-agent: * disallow: / this example tells all robots not to enter three directories: user-agent: * disallow: /cgi-bin/ disallow: /tmp/ disallow: /junk/ this example tells all robots to stay away from one specific file: user-agent: * disallow: /directory/file.html all other files in the specified directory will be processed. this example tells a specific robot to stay out of a website: user-agent: badbot # replace 'badbot' with the actual user-agent of the bot disallow: / this example tells two specific robots not to enter one specific directory: user-agent: badbot # replace 'badbot' with the actual user-agent of the bot user-agent: googlebot disallow: /private/ example demonstrating how comments can be used: # comments appear after the "#" symbol at the start of a line, or after a directive user-agent: * # match all bots disallow: / # keep them out it is also possible to list multiple robots with their own rules. the actual robot string is defined by the crawler. a few robot operators, such as google, support several user-agent strings that allow the operator to deny access to a subset of their services by using specific user-agent strings.[ ] example demonstrating multiple user-agents: user-agent: googlebot # all google services disallow: /private/ # disallow this directory user-agent: googlebot-news # only the news service disallow: / # disallow everything user-agent: * # any robot disallow: /something/ # disallow this directory nonstandard extensions[edit] crawl-delay directive[edit] the crawl-delay value is supported by some crawlers to throttle their visits to the host. since this value is not part of the standard, its interpretation is dependent on the crawler reading it. it is used when the multiple burst of visits from bots is slowing down the host. yandex interprets the value as the number of seconds to wait between subsequent visits.[ ] bing defines crawl-delay as the size of a time window (from to seconds) during which bingbot will access a web site only once.[ ] google provides an interface in its search console for webmasters, to control the googlebot's subsequent visits.[ ] user-agent: bingbot allow : / crawl-delay: allow directive[edit] some major crawlers support an allow directive, which can counteract a following disallow directive.[ ][ ] this is useful when one tells robots to avoid an entire directory but still wants some html documents in that directory crawled and indexed. while by standard implementation the first matching robots.txt pattern always wins, google's implementation differs in that allow patterns with equal or more characters in the directive path win over a matching disallow pattern.[ ] bing uses either the allow or disallow directive, whichever is more specific, based on length, like google.[ ] in order to be compatible to all robots, if one wants to allow single files inside an otherwise disallowed directory, it is necessary to place the allow directive(s) first, followed by the disallow, for example: allow: /directory /myfile.html disallow: /directory / this example will disallow anything in /directory / except /directory /myfile.html, since the latter will match first. the order is only important to robots that follow the standard; in the case of the google or bing bots, the order is not important. sitemap[edit] some crawlers support a sitemap directive, allowing multiple sitemaps in the same robots.txt in the form sitemap: full-url:[ ] sitemap: http://www.example.com/sitemap.xml host[edit] some crawlers (yandex) support a host directive, allowing websites with multiple mirrors to specify their preferred domain:[ ] host: hosting.example.com this is not supported by all crawlers. universal "*" match[edit] the robot exclusion standard does not mention the "*" character in the disallow: statement.[ ] meta tags and headers[edit] in addition to root-level robots.txt files, robots exclusion directives can be applied at a more granular level through the use of robots meta tags and x-robots-tag http headers. the robots meta tag cannot be used for non-html files such as images, text files, or pdf documents. on the other hand, the x-robots-tag can be added to non-html files by using .htaccess and httpd.conf files.[ ] 	a "noindex" meta tag <meta name="robots" content="noindex" /> 	a "noindex" http response header x-robots-tag: noindex the x-robots-tag is only effective after the page has been requested and the server responds, and the robots meta tag is only effective after the page has loaded, whereas robots.txt is effective before the page is requested. thus if a page is excluded by a robots.txt file, any robots meta tags or x-robots-tag headers are effectively ignored because the robot will not see them in the first place.[ ] see also[edit] 	ads.txt, a standard for listing authorized ad sellers 	security.txt, a file to describe the process for security researchers to follow in order to report security vulnerabilities 	automated content access protocol – a failed proposal to extend robots.txt 	botseer – now inactive search engine for robots.txt files 	distributed web crawling 	focused crawler 	internet archive 	national digital library program (ndlp) 	national digital information infrastructure and preservation program (ndiipp) 	nofollow 	perma.cc 	meta elements for search engines 	sitemaps 	spider trap 	web archiving 	web crawler 	noindex references[edit] 	^ "historical". greenhills.co.uk. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ fielding, roy ( ). "maintaining distributed hypertext infostructures: welcome to momspider's web" (postscript). first international conference on the world wide web. geneva. archived from the original on - - . retrieved september , . 	^ a b "the web robots pages". robotstxt.org. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ koster, martijn ( february ). "important: spiders, robots and web wanderers". www-talk mailing list. archived from the original (hypermail archived message) on october , . 	^ "how i got here in the end, part five: "things can only get better!"". charlie's diary. june . archived from the original on - - . retrieved april . 	^ barry schwartz ( june ). "robots.txt celebrates years of blocking search engines". search engine land. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "formalizing the robots exclusion protocol specification". official google webmaster central blog. retrieved - - . 	^ m. koster, stalworthy computing, ltd., g. illyes, h. zeller, l. harvey, google ( - - ). "robots exclusion protocol draft-rep-wg-topic- ". ietf documents. retrieved - - .cs maint: multiple names: authors list (link) 	^ "uncrawled urls in search results". youtube. oct , . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "about ask.com: webmasters". about.ask.com. retrieved february . 	^ "about aol search". search.aol.com. retrieved february . 	^ "baiduspider". baidu.com. retrieved february . 	^ "duckduckgo bot". duckduckgo.com. retrieved april . 	^ a b "webmasters: robots.txt specifications". google developers. archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ "submitting your website to yahoo! search". archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ a b "using robots.txt". help.yandex.com. archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ a b "robots exclusion protocol: joining together to provide better documentation". blogs.bing.com. archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ "how to create a robots.txt file - bing webmaster tools". www.bing.com. retrieved - - . 	^ jason scott. "robots.txt is a suicide note". archive team. archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ "robots.txt meant for search engines don't work well for web archives | internet archive blogs". blog.archive.org. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ a b jones, brad ( april ). "the internet archive will ignore robots.txt files to maintain accuracy". digital trends. archived from the original on - - . retrieved may . 	^ "block urls with robots.txt: learn about robots.txt files". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "robots.txt tells hackers the places you don't want them to look". the register. archived from the original on - - . retrieved august , . 	^ "guide to general server security" (pdf). national institute of standards and technology. july . archived (pdf) from the original on - - . retrieved august , . 	^ sverre h. huseby ( ). innocent code: a security wake-up call for web programmers. john wiley & sons. pp.  – . isbn  . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "list of user-agents (spiders, robots, browser)". user-agents.org. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "access control - apache http server". httpd.apache.org. archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "deny strings for filtering rules : the official microsoft iis site". iis.net. - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "google humans.txt". retrieved october , . 	^ "github humans.txt". retrieved october , . 	^ newman, lily hay ( - - ). "is this a google easter egg or proof that skynet is actually plotting world domination?". slate magazine. retrieved - - . 	^ "/killer-robots.txt". - - . archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "to crawl or not to crawl, that is bingbot's question". may . archived from the original on - - . retrieved february . 	^ "change googlebot crawl rate - search console help". support.google.com. archived from the original on - - . retrieved october . 	^ "webmaster help center - how do i block googlebot?". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "how do i prevent my site or certain subdirectories from being crawled? - yahoo search help". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "google's hidden interpretation of robots.txt". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "yahoo! search blog - webmasters can now auto-discover with sitemaps". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "yandex - using robots.txt". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . 	^ "robots.txt specifications". google developers. retrieved february , . 	^ a b "robots meta tag and x-robots-tag http header specifications - webmasters — google developers". archived from the original on - - . retrieved - - . external links[edit] 	official website 	robots database (list of bot names) 	robots.txt checker tool 	microsoft bingbot official documentation 	internet portal retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=robots_exclusion_standard&oldid= " 		categories: 	world wide web 	internet bots hidden categories: 	cs maint: multiple names: authors list 	wikipedia pending changes protected pages 	articles with short description 	short description matches wikidata 	official website different in wikidata and wikipedia 	ac with elements 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 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apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none risc-v - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	risc-v 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		open-source cpu hardware instruction set architecture risc-v	 	designer	university of california, berkeley 	bits	 	 	 	 	introduced	 	version	 	unprivileged isa ,[ ] 	privileged isa [ ] 	design	risc 	type	load-store 	encoding	variable 	branching	compare-and-branch 	endianness	little[ ][ ] 	page size	 kib 	extensions	 	m: multiplication 	a: atomic 	f: floating point ( -bit) 	d: fp double ( -bit) 	q: fp quad ( -bit) 	c: compressed instructions( -bit) 	a: atomics - lr/sc & fetch-and-op 	open	yes, and royalty free 	registers 	general purpose	 	 	 (including one always-zero register) 	floating point	 (optional) risc-v (pronounced "risk-five"[ ]: ) is an open standard instruction set architecture (isa) based on established reduced instruction set computer (risc) principles. unlike most other isa designs, the risc-v isa is provided under open source licenses that do not require fees to use. a number of companies are offering or have announced risc-v hardware, open source operating systems with risc-v support are available and the instruction set is supported in several popular software toolchains. notable features of the risc-v isa include a load–store architecture, bit patterns to simplify the multiplexers in a cpu, ieee floating-point, a design that is architecturally neutral, and placing most-significant bits at a fixed location to speed sign extension.[ ] the instruction set is designed for a wide range of uses. it is variable-width and extensible so that more encoding bits can always be added. it supports three word-widths, , , and bits, and a variety of subsets. the definitions of each subset vary slightly for the three word-widths. the subsets support small embedded systems, personal computers, supercomputers with vector processors, and warehouse-scale inch rack-mounted parallel computers. the instruction set space for the -bit stretched version of the isa was reserved because years of industry experience has shown that the most unrecoverable error in instruction set design is a lack of memory address space. as of [update], the -bit isa remains undefined intentionally, because there is yet so little practical experience with such large memory systems.[ ] there are proposals to implement variable-width instructions up to bits long, times the usual length.[ ][ ] the project began in at the university of california, berkeley along with many volunteer contributors not affiliated with the university.[ ] unlike other academic designs which are typically optimized only for simplicity of exposition, the designers intended that the risc-v instruction set be useable for practical computers. as of june , version . of the user-space isa[ ] and version . of the privileged isa[ ] are frozen, permitting software and hardware development to proceed. the user-space isa, now renamed the unprivileged isa, was updated, ratified and frozen as version .[ ] a debug specification is available as a draft, version . . .[ ] contents 	 rationale 	 history 	 . risc-v foundation and risc-v international 	 . awards 	 design 	 . isa base and extensions 	 . register sets 	 . memory access 	 . immediates 	 . subroutine calls, jumps, and branches 	 . arithmetic and logic sets 	 . atomic memory operations 	 . compressed subset 	 . embedded subset 	 . privileged instruction set 	 . bit manipulation 	 . packed simd 	 . vector set 	 . external debug system 	 implementations 	 . existing 	 . in development 	 . open source 	 software 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links rationale[edit] risc-v processor prototype, january cpu design requires design expertise in several specialties: electronic digital logic, compilers, and operating systems. to cover the costs of such a team, commercial vendors of computer designs, such as arm holdings and mips technologies charge royalties for the use of their designs, patents and copyrights.[ ][ ][ ] they also often require non-disclosure agreements before releasing documents that describe their designs' detailed advantages. in many cases, they never describe the reasons for their design choices. risc-v was started with a goal to make a practical isa that was open-sourced, usable academically and in any hardware or software design without royalties.[ ][ ] also, the rationales for every part of the project are explained, at least broadly. the risc-v authors are academics that have substantial experience in computer design. the risc-v isa is a direct development from a series of academic computer-design projects. it was originated in part to aid such projects.[ ][ ] in order to build a large, continuing community of users and therefore accumulate designs and software, the risc-v isa designers planned to support a wide variety of practical uses: small, fast, and low-power real-world implementations,[ ][ ] without over-architecting for a particular microarchitecture.[ ][ ][ ][ ] a need for a large base of contributors is part of the reason why risc-v was engineered to fit so many uses. the designers say that the instruction set is the main interface in a computer because it lies between the hardware and the software. if a good instruction set were open, available for use by all, then it should dramatically reduce the cost of software by permitting far more reuse. it should also increase competition among hardware providers, who can use more resources for design and less for software support.[ ] the designers assert that new principles are becoming rare in instruction set design, as the most successful designs of the last forty years have become increasingly similar. of those that failed, most did so because their sponsoring companies failed commercially, not because the instruction sets were poor technically. so, a well-designed open instruction set designed using well-established principles should attract long-term support by many vendors.[ ] risc-v also supports the designers' academic uses. the simplicity of the integer subset permits basic student exercises. the integer subset is a simple isa enabling software to control research machines. the variable-length isa enables extensions for both student exercises and research.[ ] the separated privileged instruction set permits research in operating system support, without redesigning compilers.[ ] risc-v's open intellectual property allows its designs to be published, reused, and modified.[ ] history[edit] the term risc dates from about .[ ] before this, there was some knowledge that simpler computers could be effective, but the design principles were not widely described. simple, effective computers have always been of academic interest. academics created the risc instruction set dlx for the first edition of computer architecture: a quantitative approach in . david patterson was an author, and later assisted risc-v. dlx was intended for educational use; academics and hobbyists implemented it using field-programmable gate arrays, but it was not a commercial success. arm cpus, versions and earlier, had a public-domain instruction set, and it is still supported by the gnu compiler collection (gcc), a popular free-software compiler. three open-source cores exist for this isa, but they have not been manufactured.[ ][ ] openrisc is an open-source isa based on dlx, with associated risc designs. it is fully supported with gcc and linux implementations, although it has few commercial implementations. krste asanović at the university of california, berkeley, found many uses for an open-source computer system. in , he decided to develop and publish one in a "short, three-month project over the summer". the plan was to help both academic and industrial users.[ ] david patterson at berkeley also aided the effort. he originally identified the properties of berkeley risc,[ ] and risc-v is one of his long series of cooperative risc research projects. at this stage, students inexpensively provided initial software, simulations, and cpu designs.[ ] first raven bring up st nm at bwrc june the risc-v authors and their institution originally provided the isa documents[ ] and several cpu designs under bsd licenses, which allow derivative works—such as risc-v chip designs—to be either open and free, or closed and proprietary. the isa specification itself (i.e., the encoding of the instruction set) was published in with all rights reserved. the actual tech report text (an expression of the specification) was later put under a creative commons license to allow it to be improved by external contributors through the risc-v foundation, and later risc-v international. a full history of risc-v has been published on the risc-v international website.[ ] risc-v foundation and risc-v international[edit] commercial users require an isa to be stable before they can use it in a product that may last many years. to address this issue, the risc-v foundation was formed to own, maintain, and publish intellectual property related to risc-v's definition.[ ] the original authors and owners have surrendered their rights to the foundation.[ ] in november , the risc-v foundation announced that it would relocate to switzerland, citing concerns over u.s. trade regulations.[ ] as of march , the organization was named risc-v international, a swiss nonprofit business association.[ ] as of [update], risc-v international freely publishes the documents defining risc-v and permits unrestricted use of the isa for design of software and hardware. however, only members of risc-v international can vote to approve changes, and only member organizations use the trademarked compatibility logo.[ ] awards[edit] 	 : the linley group's analyst's choice award for best technology (for the instruction set)[ ] design[edit] isa base and extensions[edit] risc-v has a modular design, consisting of alternative base parts, with added optional extensions. the isa base and its extensions are developed in a collective effort between industry, the research community and educational institutions. the base specifies instructions (and their encoding), control flow, registers (and their sizes), memory and addressing, logic (i.e., integer) manipulation, and ancillaries. the base alone can implement a simplified general-purpose computer, with full software support, including a general-purpose compiler. the standard extensions are specified to work with all of the standard bases, and with each other without conflict. many risc-v computers might implement the compact extension to reduce power consumption, code size, and memory use.[ ] there are also future plans to support hypervisors and virtualization.[ ] together with a supervisor instruction set extension, s, an rvgc defines all instructions needed to conveniently support a general purpose operating system. isa base and extensions ( ) 	name 	description 	version 	status[a] 	base 	rvwmo 	weak memory ordering	 . 	ratified 	rv i 	base integer instruction set, -bit	 . 	ratified 	rv e 	base integer instruction set (embedded), -bit, registers	 . 	open 	rv i 	base integer instruction set, -bit	 . 	ratified 	rv i 	base integer instruction set, -bit	 . 	open 	extension 	m 	standard extension for integer multiplication and division	 . 	ratified 	a 	standard extension for atomic instructions	 . 	ratified 	f 	standard extension for single-precision floating-point	 . 	ratified 	d 	standard extension for double-precision floating-point	 . 	ratified 	g 	shorthand for the base integer set (i) and above extensions (mafd)	n/a	n/a 	q 	standard extension for quad-precision floating-point	 . 	ratified 	l 	standard extension for decimal floating-point	 . 	open 	c 	standard extension for compressed instructions	 . 	ratified 	b 	standard extension for bit manipulation	 . 	open 	j 	standard extension for dynamically translated languages	 . 	open 	t 	standard extension for transactional memory	 . 	open 	p 	standard extension for packed-simd instructions	 . 	open 	v 	standard extension for vector operations	 . 	open 	n 	standard extension for user-level interrupts	 . 	open 	h 	standard extension for hypervisor	 . 	open 	zicsr 	control and status register (csr)	 . 	ratified 	zifencei 	instruction-fetch fence	 . 	ratified 	zam 	misaligned atomics	 . 	open 	ztso 	total store ordering	 . 	frozen 	^ frozen parts are expected to have their final feature set and to receive only clarifications before being ratified. -bit risc-v instruction formats 	format 	bit 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	register/register 	funct 	rs 	rs 	funct 	rd 	opcode 	immediate 	imm[ : ] 	rs 	funct 	rd 	opcode 	upper immediate 	imm[ : ] 	rd 	opcode 	store 	imm[ : ] 	rs 	rs 	funct 	imm[ : ] 	opcode 	branch 	[ ] 	imm[ : ] 	rs 	rs 	funct 	imm[ : ] 	[ ] 	opcode 	jump 	[ ] 	imm[ : ] 	[ ] 	imm[ : ] 	rd 	opcode 	 	 opcode ( bits): partially specifies which of the types of instruction formats. 	 funct , and funct ( bits): these two fields, further than the opcode field, specify the operation to be performed. 	 rs ( bits): specifies, by index, the register containing first operand (i.e., source register). 	 rs ( bits): specifies the second operand register. 	 rd ( bits): specifies the destination register to which the computation result will be directed. to tame the combinations of functionality that may be implemented, a nomenclature is defined to specify them in chapter of the current ratified unprivileged isa specification. the instruction set base is specified first, coding for risc-v, the register bit-width, and the variant; e.g., rv i or rv e. then follows letters specifying implemented extensions, in the order of the above table. each letter may be followed by a major optionally followed by "p" and a minor option number. if the minor version number is omitted it defaults to and if the version number is omitted completely, it defaults to . . thus rv imafd may be written as rv i p m p a p f p d p or more simply as rv i m a f d . underscores may be used between extensions for readability, for example rv i _m _a . the base, extended integer and floating point calculations, and synchronisation primitives for multi-core computing, the base and extensions mafd, are considered to be necessary for general-purpose computation, and thus have the shorthand, g. a small -bit computer for an embedded system might be rv ec. a large -bit computer might be rv gc; i.e., shorthand for rv imafdc. with the growth in the number of extensions, the standard now provides for extensions to be named by a single "z" followed by an alphabetical name and an optional version number. for example zifencei names the instruction-fetch extension. zifencei and zifencei p name version . of the same. the first letter following the "z" by convention indicates the most closely related alphabetical extension category, imafdqlcbjtpvn. thus the zam extension for misaligned atomics relates to the "a" standard extension. unlike single character extensions, z extensions must be separated by underscores, grouped by category and then alphabetically within each category. for example zicsr zifencei zam. extensions specific to supervisor privilege level are named in the same way using "s" for prefix. extensions specific to hypervisor level are named using "h" for prefix. machine level extensions are prefixed with the three letters "zxm". supervisor, hypervisor and machine level instruction set extensions are named after less privileged extensions. risc-v developers may create their own non-standard instruction set extensions. these follow the "z" naming convention, but with "x" as the prefix. they should be specified after all standard extensions, and if multiple non-standard extensions are listed, they should be listed alphabetically. register sets[edit] 	register name	symbolic name	description	saved by 	 integer registers 	x 	zero	always zero	 	x 	ra	return address	caller 	x 	sp	stack pointer	callee 	x 	gp	global pointer	 	x 	tp	thread pointer	 	x 	t 	temporary / alternate return address	caller 	x – 	t – 	temporary	caller 	x 	s /fp	saved register / frame pointer	callee 	x 	s 	saved register	callee 	x – 	a – 	function argument / return value	caller 	x – 	a – 	function argument	caller 	x – 	s – 	saved register	callee 	x – 	t – 	temporary	caller 	 floating-point extension registers 	f – 	ft – 	floating-point temporaries	caller 	f – 	fs – 	floating-point saved registers	callee 	f – 	fa – 	floating-point arguments/return values	caller 	f – 	fa – 	floating-point arguments	caller 	f – 	fs – 	floating-point saved registers	callee 	f – 	ft – 	floating-point temporaries	caller risc-v has (or in the embedded variant) integer registers, and, when the floating-point extension is implemented, separate floating-point registers. except for memory access instructions, instructions address only registers. the first integer register is a zero register, and the remainder are general-purpose registers. a store to the zero register has no effect, and a read always provides . using the zero register as a placeholder makes for a simpler instruction set. move rx to ry becomes add r to rx and store in ry.[ ] control and status registers exist, but user-mode programs can access only those used for performance measurement and floating-point management. no instructions exist to save and restore multiple registers. those were thought to be needless, too complex, and perhaps too slow.[ ] memory access[edit] like many risc designs, risc-v is a load–store architecture: instructions address only registers, with load and store instructions conveying to and from memory. most load and store instructions include a -bit offset and two register identifiers. one register is the base register. the other register is the source (for a store) or destination (for a load.) the offset is added to a base register to get the address. forming the address as a base register plus offset allows single instructions to access data structures. for example, if the base register points to the top of a stack, single instructions can access a subroutine's local variables in the stack. likewise the load and store instructions can access a record-style structure or a memory-mapped i/o device. using the constant zero register as a base address allows single instructions to access memory near address zero.[ ] memory is addressed as -bit bytes, with words being in little-endian order.[ ] words, up to the register size, can be accessed with the load and store instructions. accessed memory addresses need not be aligned to their word-width, but accesses to aligned addresses may be faster; for example, simple cpus may implement unaligned accesses with slow software emulation driven from an alignment failure interrupt.[ ] like many risc instruction sets (and some complex instruction set computer (cisc) instruction sets, such as x and ibm system/ families), risc-v lacks address-modes that write back to the registers. for example, it does not auto-increment.[ ] risc-v manages memory systems that are shared between cpus or threads by ensuring a thread of execution always sees its memory operations in the programmed order. but between threads and i/o devices, risc-v is simplified: it doesn't guarantee the order of memory operations, except by specific instructions, such as fence. a fence instruction guarantees that the results of predecessor operations are visible to successor operations of other threads or i/o devices. fence can guarantee the order of combinations of both memory and memory-mapped i/o operations. e.g. it can separate memory read and write operations, without affecting i/o operations. or, if a system can operate i/o devices in parallel with memory, fence doesn't force them to wait for each other. one cpu with one thread may decode fence as nop. risc-v is little-endian to resemble other familiar, successful computers, for example, x . this also reduces a cpu's complexity and costs slightly because it reads all sizes of words in the same order. for example, the risc-v instruction set decodes starting at the lowest-addressed byte of the instruction. the specification leaves open the possibility of non-standard big-endian or bi-endian systems.[ ] some risc cpus (such as mips, powerpc, dlx, and berkeley's risc-i) place bits of offset in the loads and stores. they set the upper bits by a load upper word instruction. this permits upper-halfword values to be set easily, without shifting bits. however, most use of the upper half-word instruction makes -bit constants, like addresses. risc-v uses a sparc-like combination of -bit offsets and -bit set upper instructions. the smaller -bit offset helps compact, -bit load and store instructions select two of registers yet still have enough bits to support risc-v's variable-length instruction coding.[ ] immediates[edit] risc-v handles -bit constants and addresses with instructions that set the upper bits of a -bit register. load upper immediate lui loads bits into bits through . then a second instruction such as addi can set the bottom bits. this method is extended to permit position-independent code by adding an instruction, auipc that generates upper address bits by adding an offset to the program counter and storing the result into a base register. this permits a program to generate -bit addresses that are relative to the program counter. the base register can often be used as-is with the -bit offsets of the loads and stores. if needed, addi can set the lower bits of a register. in -bit and -bit isas,lui and auipc sign-extend the result to get the larger address.[ ] some fast cpus may interpret combinations of instructions as single fused instructions. lui or auipc may be good candidates to fuse with addi, loads or stores. subroutine calls, jumps, and branches[edit] risc-v's subroutine call jal (jump and link) places its return address in a register. this is faster in many computer designs, because it saves a memory access compared to systems that push a return address directly on a stack in memory. jal has a -bit signed ( 's complement) offset. the offset is multiplied by , then added to the pc to generate a relative address to a -bit instruction. if the result is not at a -bit address (i.e., evenly divisible by ), the cpu may force an exception.[ ] risc-v cpus jump to calculated addresses using a jump and link-register, jalr instruction. jalr is similar to jal, but gets its destination address by adding a -bit offset to a base register. (in contrast,jal adds a larger -bit offset to the pc.) jalr's bit format is like the register-relative loads and stores. like them, jalr can be used with the instructions that set the upper bits of a base register to make -bit branches, either to an absolute address (using lui) or a pc-relative one (using auipc for position-independent code). (using a constant zero base address allows single-instruction calls to a small (the offset), fixed positive or negative address.) risc-v recycles jal and jalr to get unconditional -bit pc-relative jumps and unconditional register-based -bit jumps. jumps just make the linkage register so that no return address is saved.[ ] risc-v also recycles jalr to return from a subroutine: to do this, jalr's base register is set to be the linkage register saved by jal or jalr. jalr's offset is zero and the linkage register is zero, so that there is no offset, and no return address is saved. like many risc designs, in a subroutine call, a risc-v compiler must use individual instructions to save registers to the stack at the start, and then restore these from the stack on exit. risc-v has no save multiple or restore multiple register instructions. these were thought to make the cpu too complex, and possibly slow.[ ] this can take more code space. designers planned to reduce code size with library routines to save and restore registers.[ ] risc-v has no condition code register or carry bit. the designers believed that condition codes make fast cpus more complex by forcing interactions between instructions in different stages of execution. this choice makes multiple-precision arithmetic more complex. also, a few numerical tasks need more energy. as a result, predication (the conditional execution of instructions) is not supported. the designers claim that very fast, out-of-order cpu designs do predication anyway, by doing the comparison branch and conditional code in parallel, then discarding the unused path's effects. they also claim that even in simpler cpus, predication is less valuable than branch prediction, which can prevent most stalls associated with conditional branches. code without predication is larger, with more branches, but they also claim that a compressed instruction set (such as risc-v's set c) solves that problem in most cases.[ ] instead, risc-v has short branches that perform comparisons: equal, not-equal, less-than, unsigned less-than, greater-than or equal and unsigned greater-than or equal. ten comparison-branch operations are implemented with only six instructions, by reversing the order of operands in the assembler. for example, branch if greater than can be done by less-than with a reversed order of operands.[ ] the comparing branches have a twelve-bit signed range, and jump relative to the pc.[ ] unlike some risc architectures, risc-v does not include a branch delay slot, a position after a branch instruction that can be filled with an instruction that is executed whether or not the branch is taken. risc-v omits a branch delay slot because it complicates multicycle cpus, superscalar cpus, and long pipelines. dynamic branch predictors have succeeded well enough to reduce the need for delayed branches.[ ] on the first encounter with a branch, risc-v cpus should assume that a negative relative branch (i.e. the sign bit of the offset is " ") will be taken.[ ] this assumes that a backward branch is a loop, and provides a default direction so that simple pipelined cpus can fill their pipeline of instructions. other than this, risc-v does not require branch prediction, but core implementations are allowed to add it. rv i reserves a "hint" instruction space that presently does not contain any hints on branches.[ ] arithmetic and logic sets[edit] risc-v segregates math into a minimal set of integer instructions (set i) with add, subtract, shift, bit-wise logic and comparing-branches. these can simulate most of the other risc-v instruction sets with software. (the atomic instructions are a notable exception.) risc-v currently lacks the count leading zero and bit-field operations normally used to speed software floating-point in a pure-integer processor. the integer multiplication instructions (set m) includes signed and unsigned multiply and divide. double-precision integer multiplies and divides are included, as multiplies and divides that produce the high word of the result. the isa document recommends that implementors of cpus and compilers fuse a standardized sequence of high and low multiply and divide instructions to one operation if possible.[ ] the floating-point instructions (set f) includes single-precision arithmetic and also comparison-branches similar to the integer arithmetic. it requires an additional set of floating-point registers. these are separate from the integer registers. the double-precision floating point instructions (set d) generally assume that the floating-point registers are -bit (i.e., double-width), and the f subset is coordinated with the d set. a quad-precision -bit floating-point isa (q) is also defined. risc-v computers without floating-point can use a floating-point software library.[ ] risc-v does not cause exceptions on arithmetic errors, including overflow, underflow, subnormal, and divide by zero. instead, both integer and floating-point arithmetic produce reasonable default values and set status bits. divide-by-zero can be discovered by one branch after the division. the status bits can be tested by an operating system or periodic interrupt.[ ] atomic memory operations[edit] risc-v supports computers that share memory between multiple cpus and threads. risc-v's standard memory consistency model is release consistency. that is, loads and stores may generally be reordered, but some loads may be designated as acquire operations which must precede later memory accesses, and some stores may be designated as release operations which must follow earlier memory accesses.[ ] the base instruction set includes minimal support in the form of a fence instruction to enforce memory ordering. although this is sufficient (fence r, rw provides acquire and fence rw, w provides release), combined operations can be more efficient.[ ] the atomic memory operation extension supports two types of atomic memory operations for release consistency. first, it provides general purpose load-reserved lr and store-conditional sc instructions. lr performs a load, and tries to reserve that address for its thread. a later store-conditional sc to the reserved address will be performed only if the reservation is not broken by an intervening store from another source. if the store succeeds, a zero is placed in a register. if it failed, a non-zero value indicates that software needs to retry the operation. in either case, the reservation is released.[ ] the second group of atomic instructions perform read-modify-write sequences: a load (which is optionally a load-acquire) to a destination register, then an operation between the loaded value and a source register, then a store of the result (which may optionally be a store-release). making the memory barriers optional permits combining the operations. the optional operations are enabled by acquire and release bits which are present in every atomic instruction. risc-v defines nine possible operations: swap (use source register value directly); add; bitwise and, or, and exclusive-or; and signed and unsigned minimum and maximum.[ ] a system design may optimize these combined operations more than lr and sc. for example, if the destination register for a swap is the constant zero, the load may be skipped. if the value stored is unmodified since the load, the store may be skipped.[ ] the ibm system/ and its successors including z/architecture, and x , both implement a compare-and-swap (cas) instruction, which tests and conditionally updates a location in memory: if the location contains an expected old value, cas replaces it with a given new value; it then returns an indication of whether it made the change. however, a simple load-type instruction is usually performed before the cas to fetch the old value. the classic problem is that if a thread reads (loads) a value a, calculates a new value c, and then uses (cas) to replace a with c, it has no way to know whether concurrent activity in another thread has replaced a with some other value b and then restored the a in between. in some algorithms (e.g., ones in which the values in memory are pointers to dynamically allocated blocks), this aba problem can lead to incorrect results. the most common solution employs a double-wide cas instruction to update both the pointer and an adjacent counter; unfortunately, such an instruction requires a special instruction format to specify multiple registers, performs several reads and writes, and can have complex bus operation.[ ] the lr/sc alternative is more efficient. it usually requires only one memory load, and minimizing slow memory operations is desirable. it's also exact: it controls all accesses to the memory cell, rather than just assuring a bit pattern. however, unlike cas, it can permit livelock, in which two or more threads repeatedly cause each other's instructions to fail. risc-v guarantees forward progress (no livelock) if the code follows rules on the timing and sequence of instructions: ) it must use only the i subset. ) to prevent repetitive cache misses, the code (including the retry loop) must occupy no more than consecutive instructions. ) it must include no system or fence instructions, or taken backward branches between the lr and sc. ) the backward branch to the retry loop must be to the original sequence.[ ] the specification gives examples of how to use this subset to lock a data structure.[ ] compressed subset[edit] the standard risc-v isa specifies that all instructions are bits. this makes for a particularly simple implementation, but like other risc processors with such an instruction encoding, results in larger code size than in other instruction sets.[ ][ ] to compensate, risc-v's -bit instructions are actually bits; ​ ⁄ of the opcode space is reserved for an optional (but recommended) variable-length compressed instruction set, rvc, that includes -bit instructions. like arm's thumb and the mips , the compressed instructions are simply aliases for a subset of the larger instructions. unlike arm's thumb or the mips compressed set, space was reserved from the beginning so there is no separate operating mode. standard and compressed instructions may be intermixed freely.[ ][ ] (letter c)[ ] because (like thumb- and mips ) the compressed instructions are simply alternate encodings (aliases) for a selected subset of larger instructions, the compression can be implemented in the assembler, and it is not essential for the compiler to even know about it. a prototype of rvc was tested in .[ ] the prototype code was % smaller than an x pc and mips compressed code, and % larger than arm thumb- code.[ ] it also substantially reduced both the needed cache memory and the estimated power use of the memory system.[ ] the researcher intended to reduce the code's binary size for small computers, especially embedded computer systems. the prototype included of the most frequently used instructions, recoded as compact -bit formats using operation codes previously reserved for the compressed set.[ ] the compression was done in the assembler, with no changes to the compiler. compressed instructions omitted fields that are often zero, used small immediate values or accessed subsets ( or ) of the registers. addi is very common and often compressible.[ ] much of the difference in size compared to arm's thumb set occurred because risc-v, and the prototype, have no instructions to save and restore multiple registers. instead, the compiler generated conventional instructions that access the stack. the prototype rvc assembler then often converted these to compressed forms that were half the size. however, this still took more code space than the arm instructions that save and restore multiple registers. the researcher proposed to modify the compiler to call library routines to save and restore registers. these routines would tend to remain in a code cache and thus run fast, though probably not as fast as a save-multiple instruction.[ ] standard rvc requires occasional use of -bit instructions. several nonstandard rvc proposals are complete, requiring no -bit instructions, and are said to have higher densities than standard rvc.[ ][ ] another proposal builds on these, and claims to use less coding range as well.[ ] embedded subset[edit] an instruction set for the smallest embedded cpus (set e) is reduced in other ways: only of the integer registers are supported. floating-point instructions should not be supported (the specification forbids it as uneconomical), so a floating-point software library must be used.[ ] the compressed set c is recommended. the privileged instruction set supports only machine mode, user mode and memory schemes that use base-and-bound address relocation.[ ] discussion has occurred for a microcontroller profile for risc-v, to ease development of deeply embedded systems. it centers on faster, simple c-language support for interrupts, simplified security modes and a simplified posix application binary interface.[ ] correspondents have also proposed smaller, non-standard, -bit rv e isas: several serious proposals would use the -bit c instructions with × -bit registers.[ ][ ] an april fools' joke proposed a very practical arrangement: utilize × -bit integer registers, with the standard eimc isas (including -bit instructions.) the joke was to propose bank switching, when a -bit cpu would be clearly superior with the larger address space.[ ] privileged instruction set[edit] risc-v's isa includes a separate privileged instruction set specification. as of august  [update], version . is ratified by risc-v international.[ ][ ] version . of the specification supports several types of computer systems: 	systems that have only machine mode, perhaps for embedded systems, 	systems with both machine mode (for the supervisor) and user-mode to implement operating systems that run the kernel in a privileged mode. 	systems with machine-mode, hypervisors, multiple supervisors, and user-modes under each supervisor. these correspond roughly to systems with up to four rings of privilege and security, at most: machine, hypervisor, supervisor and user. each layer also is expected to have a thin layer of standardized supporting software that communicates to a more-privileged layer, or hardware.[ ] the overall plan for this isa is to make the hypervisor mode orthogonal to the user and supervisor modes.[ ] the basic feature is a configuration bit that either permits supervisor-level code to access hypervisor registers, or causes an interrupt on accesses. this bit lets supervisor mode directly handle the hardware needed by a hypervisor. this simplifies a type hypervisor, hosted by an operating system. this is a popular mode to run warehouse-scale computers. to support type , unhosted hypervisors, the bit can cause these accesses to interrupt to a hypervisor. the bit simplifies nesting of hypervisors, in which a hypervisor runs under a hypervisor. it's also said to simplify supervisor code by letting the kernel use its own hypervisor features with its own kernel code. as a result, the hypervisor form of the isa supports five modes: machine, supervisor, user, supervisor-under-hypervisor and user-under-hypervisor. the privileged instruction set specification explicitly defines hardware threads, or harts. multiple hardware threads are a common practice in more-capable computers. when one thread is stalled, waiting for memory, others can often proceed. hardware threads can help make better use of the large number of registers and execution units in fast out-of-order cpus. finally, hardware threads can be a simple, powerful way to handle interrupts: no saving or restoring of registers is required, simply executing a different hardware thread. however, the only hardware thread required in a risc-v computer is thread zero.[ ] the existing control and status register definitions support risc-v's error and memory exceptions, and a small number of interrupts. for systems with more interrupts, the specification also defines an interrupt controller. interrupts always start at the highest-privileged machine level, and the control registers of each level have explicit forwarding bits to route interrupts to less-privileged code. for example, the hypervisor need not include software that executes on each interrupt to forward an interrupt to an operating system. instead, on set-up, it can set bits to forward the interrupt.[ ] several memory systems are supported in the specification. physical-only is suited to the simplest embedded systems. there are also three unix-style virtual memory systems for memory cached in mass-storage systems. the virtual memory systems have three sizes, with addresses sized , and bits. all virtual memory systems support  kib pages, multilevel page-table trees and use very similar algorithms to walk the page table trees. all are designed for either hardware or software page-table walking. to optionally reduce the cost of page table walks, super-sized pages may be leaf pages in higher levels of a system's page table tree. sv has a two-layer page table tree and supports  mib superpages. sv has a three level page table, and supports  mib superpages and  gib gigapages. sv is required to support sv . it also has a -level page table and supports  mib superpages,  gib gigapages, and  gib terapages. superpages are aligned on the page boundaries for the next-lowest size of page.[ ] bit manipulation[edit] an unapproved bit-manipulation (b) isa for risc-v was under review in january .[clarification needed] done well, a bit-manipulation subset can aid cryptographic, graphic, and mathematical operations. the criteria for inclusion documented in the draft were compliance with rv philosophies and isa formats, substantial improvements in code density or speed (i.e., at least a -for- reduction in instructions), and substantial real-world applications, including preexisting compiler support. version . includes[ ] instructions to count leading zeros, count one bits, perform logic operations with complement, pack two words in one register, take the min or max, sign-extend, single-bit operations, shift ones, rotates, a generalized bit-reverse and shuffle, or-combines, bit-field place and extract, carry-less multiply, crc instructions, bit-matrix operations (rv only), conditional mix, conditional move, funnel shifts, and unsigned address calculations. packed simd[edit] packed-simd instructions are widely used by commercial cpus to inexpensively accelerate multimedia and other digital signal processing.[ ] for simple, cost-reduced risc-v systems, the base isa's specification proposed to use the floating-point registers' bits to perform parallel single instruction, multiple data (simd) sub-word arithmetic. in a vendor published a more detailed proposal to the mailing list, and this can be cited as version . .[ ] as of [update], the efficiency of this proposed isa varies from x to x a base cpu for a variety of dsp codecs.[ ] the proposal lacked instruction formats and a license assignment to risc-v international, but it was reviewed by the mailing list.[ ] some unpopular parts of this proposal were that it added a condition code, the first in a risc-v design, linked adjacent registers (also a first), and has a loop counter that could be difficult to implement in some microarchitectures. a previous, well-regarded implementation for a -bit cpu was pa-risc's multimedia instructions: multimedia acceleration extensions. it increased the cpu's performance on digital signal processing tasks by -fold or more, enabling practical real-time video codecs in .[ ][ ] besides its native -bit math, the pa-risc max cpu could do arithmetic on four -bit subwords at once, with several overflow methods. it also could move subwords to different positions. pa-risc's max was intentionally simplified. it lacked support for -bit or -bit subwords. the -bit subword size was chosen to support most digital signal processing tasks. these instructions were inexpensive to design and build. vector set[edit] the proposed vector-processing instruction set may make the packed simd set obsolete. the designers hope to have enough flexibility that a cpu can implement vector instructions in a standard processor's registers. this would enable minimal implementations with similar performance to a multimedia isa, as above. however, a true vector coprocessor could execute the same code with higher performance.[ ] as of  june  [update], the vector-processing proposal is a conservative, flexible design of a general-purpose mixed-precision vector processor, suitable to execute compute kernels. code would port easily to cpus with differing vector lengths, ideally without recompiling.[ ] in contrast, short-vector simd extensions are less convenient. these are used in x , arm and pa-risc. in these, a change in word-width forces a change to the instruction set to expand the vector registers (in the case of x , from -bit mmx registers to -bit streaming simd extensions (sse), to -bit advanced vector extensions (avx), and avx- ). the result is a growing instruction set, and a need to port working code to the new instructions. in the risc-v vector isa, rather than fix the vector length in the architecture, an instruction (setvl) is available which takes a requested size and sets the vector length to the minimum of the hardware limit and the requested size. so, the risc-v proposal is more like a cray's long-vector design or arm's scalable vector extension. that is, each vector in up to vectors is the same length.[ ] the application specifies the total vector width it requires, and the processor determines the vector length it can provide with available on-chip resources. this takes the form of an instruction (vsetcfg) with four immediate operands, specifying the number of vector registers of each available width needed. the total must be no more than the addressable limit of , but may be less if the application does not require them all. the vector length is limited by the available on-chip storage divided by the number of bytes of storage needed for each entry. (added hardware limits may also exist, which in turn may permit simd-style implementations.)[ ] outside of vector loops, the application can zero the number of requested vector registers, saving the operating system the work of preserving them on context switches.[ ] the vector length is not only architecturally variable, but designed to vary at run time also. to achieve this flexibility, the instruction set is likely to use variable-width data paths and variable-type operations using polymorphic overloading.[ ] the plan is that these can reduce the size and complexity of the isa and compiler.[ ] recent experimental vector processors with variable-width data paths also show profitable increases in operations per: second (speed), area (lower cost), and watt (longer battery life).[ ] unlike a typical modern graphics processing unit, there are no plans to provide special hardware to support branch predication. instead, lower cost compiler-based predication will be used.[ ][ ] external debug system[edit] there is a preliminary specification for risc-v's hardware-assisted debugger. the debugger will use a transport system such as joint test action group (jtag) or universal serial bus (usb) to access debug registers. a standard hardware debug interface may support either a standardized abstract interface or instruction feeding.[ ][ ] as of january  [update], the exact form of the abstract interface remains undefined, but proposals include a memory mapped system with standardized addresses for the registers of debug devices or a command register and a data register accessible to the communication system.[ ] correspondents claim that similar systems are used by freescale's background debug mode interface (bdm) for some cpus, arm, openrisc, and aeroflex's leon.[ ] in instruction feeding, the cpu will process a debug exception to execute individual instructions written to a register. this may be supplemented with a data-passing register and a module to directly access the memory. instruction feeding lets the debugger access the computer exactly as software would. it also minimizes changes in the cpu, and adapts to many types of cpu. this was said to be especially apt for risc-v because it is designed explicitly for many types of computers. the data-passing register allows a debugger to write a data-movement loop to ram, and then execute the loop to move data into or out of the computer at a speed near the maximum speed of the debug system's data channel.[ ] correspondents say that similar systems are used by mips technologies mips, intel quark, tensilica's xtensa, and for freescale power isa cpus' background debug mode interface (bdm).[ ] a vendor proposed a hardware trace subsystem for standardization, donated a conforming design, and initiated a review.[ ][ ] the proposal is for a hardware module that can trace code execution on most rv cpus. to reduce the data rate, and permit simpler or less-expensive paths for the trace data, the proposal does not generate trace data that could be calculated from a binary image of the code. it sends only data that indicates "uninferrable" paths through the program, such as which conditional branches are taken. to reduce the data rates, branches that can be calculated, such as unconditional branches, are not traced. the proposed interface between the module and the control unit is a logic signal for each uninferrable type of instruction. addresses and other data are to be provided in a specialized bus attached to appropriate data sources in a cpu. the data structure sent to an external trace unit is a series of short messages with the needed data. the details of the data channel are intentionally not described in the proposal, because several are likely to make sense. implementations[edit] the risc-v organization maintains a list of risc-v cpu and soc implementations.[ ] existing[edit] existing proprietary implementations include: 	alibaba group, in july announced the .  ghz -core -bit (rv gcv) xuantie out-of-order processor[ ] 	andes technology corporation, a founding member of risc-v international[ ] which joined the consortium in , released its first two risc-v cores in . the cores, the n and nx , come with complete design ecosystems and a number of risc-v partners. andes is actively driving the development of risc-v ecosystem and expects to release several new risc-v products in . 	cloudbear is a processor ip company that develops its own risc-v cores for a range of applications.[ ] 	codasip and ultrasoc have developed fully supported intellectual property for risc-v embedded socs that combine codasip's risc-v cores and other ip with ultrasoc's debug, optimization and analytics.[ ] 	cortus, a founding platinum member of the risc-v foundation, has a number of risc-v implementations and a complete ide/toolchain/debug eco-system which it offers for free as part of its soc design business. 	gigadevice has a series of mcus based on risc-v (rv imac, gd v series),[ ] with one of them used on the longan nano board produced by a chinese electronic company sipeed.[ ] 	greenwaves technologies announced the availability of gap , a -bit controller plus compute cores, -bit soc (rv imc) and developer board in february . their gapuino gap development board started shipping in may .[ ][ ][ ] 	iar systems released the first version of iar embedded workbench for risc-v, which supports rv -bit risc-v cores and extensions in the first version. future releases will include -bit support and support for the smaller rv e base instruction set, as well as functional safety certification and security solutions. 	instant soc risc-v cores from fpga cores. system on chip, including risc-v cores, defined by c++. 	micro magic inc. announced the world's fastest -bit risc-v core achieving ghz and , coremarks on october . 	segger added support for risc-v cores to their debug probe j-link,[ ] their integrated development environment embedded studio,[ ] and their rtos embos and embedded software.[ ] 	sifive, a company established specifically for developing risc-v hardware, has processor models released in .[ ][ ] these include a quad-core, -bit (rv gc) system on a chip (soc) capable of running general-purpose operating systems such as linux.[ ] 	syntacore,[ ] a founding member of risc-v international and one of the first commercial risc-v ip vendors, develops and licenses family of risc-v ip since . as of [update], product line includes eight - and -bit cores, including open-source scr mcu core (rv i/e[mc]).[ ] first commercial socs, based on the syntacore ip were demonstrated in .[ ] 	ultrasoc proposed a standard trace system and donated an implementation. 	western digital, in december announced an rv imc core called swerv. the swerv features an in-order -way superscalar and nine-stage pipeline design. wd plans to use swerv based processors in their flash controllers and ssds, and released it as open-source to third parties in january .[ ][ ][ ] 	espressif[ ] added a risc-v ulp coprocessor to their esp -s microcontroller.[ ] 	as of , indian defence and strategic sector started using -bit risc-v based - mhz risecreek processor developed by indian institute of technology madras (iit-madras) and fabricated by intel with nm finfet technology under shakti microprocessor programme.[ ][ ] in development[edit] 	astc developed a risc-v cpu for embedded ics.[ ] 	centre for development of advanced computing, india (c-dac) is developing a -bit out-of-order quad-core risc-v processor.[ ] 	cobham gaisler noel-v -bit.[ ] 	computer laboratory, university of cambridge, in collaboration with the freebsd project, has ported that operating system to -bit risc-v to use as a hardware-software research platform.[ ] 	esperanto technologies announced that they are developing three risc-v based processors: the et-maxion high-performance core, et-minion energy-efficient core, and et-graphics graphics processor.[ ] 	eth zurich and the university of bologna have cooperatively developed the open-source risc-v pulpino processor[ ] as part of the parallel ultra-low power (pulp) project for energy-efficient iot computing.[ ] 	european processor initiative (epi), risc-v accelerator stream.[ ][ ] 	indian institute of technology madras is developing six risc-v open-source cpu designs for six distinct uses, from a small -bit cpu for the internet of things (iot) to large, -bit cpus designed for warehouse-scale computers such as server farms based on rapidio and hybrid memory cube technologies.[ ][ ] -bit moushik successfully booted by iit-madras for the application of credit cards, electronic voting machines (evms), surveillance cameras, safe locks, personalized health management systems.[ ] 	lowrisc is a non profit project to implement a fully open-source hardware system on a chip (soc) based on the -bit risc-v isa.[ ] 	nvidia plans to use risc-v to replace their falcon processor on their geforce graphics cards.[ ] 	sifive announced their first risc-v out-of-order high performance cpu core, the u series processor ip.[ ] open source[edit] there are many open-sourced risc-v cpu designs, including: 	the berkeley cpus. these are implemented in a unique hardware design language, chisel, and some are named for famous train engines: 	 -bit rocket.[ ] rocket may suit compact, low-power intermediate computers such as personal devices. named for stephenson's rocket. 	the -bit berkeley out of order machine (boom).[ ] the berkeley out-of-order machine (boom) is a synthesizable and parameterizable open source rv gc risc-v core written in the chisel hardware construction language. boom uses much of the infrastructure created for rocket, and may be usable for personal, supercomputer, and warehouse-scale computers. 	five -bit sodor cpu designs from berkeley,[ ] designed for student projects.[ ] sodor is the fictional island of trains in childrens' stories about thomas the tank engine. 	picorv by claire wolf,[ ] a -bit microcontroller unit (mcu) class rv imc implementation in verilog. 	scr from syntacore,[ ]a -bit microcontroller unit (mcu) class rv imc implementation in verilog. 	pulpino (riscy and zero-riscy) from eth zürich / university of bologna.[ ] the cores in pulpino implement a simple rv imc isa for microcontrollers (zero-riscy) or a more powerful rv imfc isa with custom dsp extensions for embedded signal processing. software[edit] a normal problem for a new instruction set is a lack of cpu designs and software. both issues limit its usability and reduce adoption.[ ] the design software includes a design compiler, chisel[ ], which can reduce the designs to verilog for use in devices. the website includes verification data for testing core implementations. available risc-v software tools include a gnu compiler collection (gcc) toolchain (with gdb, the debugger), an llvm toolchain, the ovpsim simulator (and library of risc-v fast processor models), the spike simulator, and a simulator in qemu (rv gc/rv gc). operating system support exists for the linux kernel, freebsd, and netbsd, but the supervisor-mode instructions were unstandardized prior to june ,[ ] so this support is provisional. the preliminary freebsd port to the risc-v architecture was upstreamed in february , and shipped in freebsd . .[ ][ ] ports of debian[ ] and fedora[ ] are stabilizing (both only support -bit risc-v, with no plans to support -bit version). a port of das u-boot exists.[ ] uefi spec v . has defined the risc-v binding and a tianocore port has been done by hpe engineers[ ] and is expected to be upstreamed. there is a preliminary port of the sel microkernel.[ ][ ] hex five released the first secure iot stack for risc-v with freertos support.[ ] also xv , a modern reimplementation of sixth edition unix in ansi c used for pedagogical purposes in mit, was ported. pharos rtos has been ported to -bit risc-v[ ] (including time and memory protection). also see comparison of real-time operating systems. a simulator exists to run a risc-v linux system on a web browser using javascript.[ ][ ][ ] the educational simulator wepsim[ ][ ] implements (microprogrammed) a subset of risc-v instructions (rv i + m) and allows the execution of subroutines in assembly. moreover, it is possible to add more risc-v instructions (by microprogramming these instructions) and test the impact of its implementation. the wepsim simulator can be used from a web browser and facilitates learning various aspects of how a cpu works (microprogramming, interruptions, system calls, etc.) using risc-v assembly. qemu supports running (using binary translation) - and -bit risc-v systems (i.e. linux) with a number of emulated or virtualized devices (serial, parallel, usb, network, storage, real time clock, watchdog, audio), as well as running risc-v linux binaries (translating syscalls to the host kernel). it does support multi-core emulation (smp).[ ] see also[edit] 	risc 	arm architecture 	open-source computing hardware references[edit] 	^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at waterman, andrew; asanović, krste. "the risc-v instruction set manual, volume i: base user-level isa version . ". university of california, berkeley. eecs- - . retrieved may . 	^ a b c d "privileged isa specification". risc-v international. 	^ big and bi-endianness supported as extensions 	^ wolf, clifford. "alternative proposal for instruction length encoding". cliffords subversion servier. clifford wolf. retrieved october . 	^ a b "contributors". riscv.org. regents of the university of california. retrieved august . 	^ waterman, andrew; asanović, krste. "the risc-v instruction set manual, volume i: unprivileged isa version " (pdf). risc-v international. retrieved august . 	^ demerjian, chuck ( august ). "a long look at how arm licenses chips: part ". semiaccurate. 	^ demerjian, chuck ( august ). "how arm licenses its ip for production: part ". semiaccurate. 	^ "wave computing closes its mips open initiative with immediate effect, zero warning". november . 	^ a b c d e f asanović, krste. "instruction sets should be free" (pdf). u.c. berkeley technical reports. regents of the university of california. retrieved november . 	^ "rocket core generator". risc-v. regents of the university of california. retrieved october . 	^ celio, christopher; love, eric. "ucb-bar/riscv-sodor". github inc. regents of the university of california. retrieved february . 	^ a b "shakti processor program". indian institute of technology madras. retrieved september . 	^ celio, christopher. "cs laboratory exercise " (pdf). uc berkeley. regents of the university of california. retrieved february . 	^ a b c d e f g h i waterman, andrew; lee, yunsup; avizienas, rimas; patterson, david; asanović, krste. "draft privileged isa specification . ". risc-v. risc-v international. retrieved august . 	^ a b patterson, david a.; ditzel, david r. (october ). "the case for the reduced instruction set computer". acm sigarch computer architecture news. ( ): . doi: . / . . 	^ "amber arm-compatible core". opencores. retrieved august . 	^ "arm u". opencores. opencores. retrieved august . 	^ asanović, krste. "the risc-v instruction set manual, volume i: base user-level isa" (pdf). u.c. berkeley technical reports. regents of the university of california. retrieved may . 	^ "risc-v history". retrieved november . 	^ "a new blueprint for microprocessors challenges the industry's giants". the economist. october . issn  - . retrieved november . 	^ a b "risc-v foundation". risc-v foundation. retrieved march . 	^ "u.s.-based chip-tech group moving to switzerland over trade curb fears". reuters. november . retrieved november . 	^ "risc-v history - risc-v international". risc-v international. retrieved may . 	^ "the linley group announces winners of annual analysts' choice awards" (press release). the linley group. january . retrieved january . 	^ a b c d e f g h i waterman, andrew ( may ). improving energy efficiency and reducing code size with risc-v compressed. u.c. berkeley: regents of the university of california. p.  . retrieved august . 	^ a b waterman, andrew; et al. "the risc-v compressed instruction set manual version . (draft)" (pdf). risc-v. retrieved july . 	^ a b brussee, rogier. "a complete -bit rvc". google groups. risc-v foundation. retrieved july . 	^ a b brussee, rogier. "proposal: xcondensed, [a] ... compact ... bit standalone g-isa". risc-v isa mail server. google groups. retrieved november . 	^ phung, xan. "improved xcondensed". google groups. risc-v foundation. retrieved july . 	^ ionescu, liviu. "the risc-v microcontroller profile". github. retrieved april . 	^ barros, cesar. "proposal: rv e". risc-v isa developers (mailing list). retrieved april . 	^ bonzini, paolo; waterman, andrew. "proposal for virtualization without h mode". risc-v isa developers (mailing list). retrieved february . 	^ wolf, clifford. "riscv-bitmanip" (pdf). github. risc-v foundation. retrieved january . 	^ a b "instruction summary for a "p" isa proposal". google groups. andes technologies. retrieved january . 	^ andes technology. "comprehensive risc-v solutions" (pdf). risc-v content. risc-v foundation. retrieved january . 	^ lee, ruby; huck, jerry ( february ). " -bit and multimedia extensions in the pa-risc . architecture". proceedings of compcon : – . doi: . /cmpcon. . . isbn  - - - . 	^ lee, ruby b. (april ). "accelerating multimedia with enhanced microprocessors" (pdf). ieee micro. ( ): – . citeseerx  . . . . . doi: . / . . retrieved september . 	^ a b c d e f g h schmidt, colin; ou, albert; lee, yunsup; asanović, krste. "risc-v vector extension proposal" (pdf). risc-v. regents of the university of california. retrieved march . 	^ ou, albert; nguyen, quan; lee, yunsup; asanović, krste. "a case for mvps: mixed-precision vector processors" (pdf). uc berkeley eecs. regents of the university of california. retrieved march . 	^ lee, yunsup; grover, vinod; krashinsky, ronny; stephenson, mark; keckler, stephen w.; asanović, krste. "exploring the design space of spmd divergence management on data-parallel architectures" (pdf). berkeley's eecs site. regents of the university of california. retrieved march . 	^ a b c d e bradbury, alex; wallentowitz, stefan. "risc-v run control debug". google docs. risc-v foundation. retrieved january . 	^ newsome, tim. "risc-v debug group > poll results". google groups, risc-v debug group. risc-v foundation. retrieved january . 	^ mcgooganus. "riscv-trace-spec". github. retrieved january . 	^ dahad, nitin. "ultrasoc tackles risc-v support challenge by donating trace encoder". ee times. aspencore. retrieved january . 	^ "risc-v cores and soc overview". risc-v. september . retrieved october . 	^ "china's alibaba is making a -core, . ghz risc-v processor". www.techspot.com. retrieved july . 	^ "andes technology". risc-v international. retrieved july . 	^ "cloudbear". retrieved october . 	^ manners, david ( november ). "codasip and ultrasoc combine on risc-v". electronics weekly. metropolis international group, ltd. retrieved november . 	^ "gigadevice unveils the gd v series with risc-v core in a brand new -bit general purpose microcontroller". www.gigadevice.com. retrieved august . 	^ "sipeed longan nano - risc-v gd vf cbt development board". www.seeedstudio.com. retrieved august . 	^ "greenwaves gap is a low power risc-v iot processor optimized for artificial intelligence applications". cnxsoft: embedded systems news. february . retrieved march . 	^ yoshida, junko ( february ). "ai comes to sensing devices". ee times. retrieved july . 	^ "greenwaves technologies announces availability of gap software development kit and gapuino development board" (press release). may . 	^ "segger adds support for sifive's coreplex ip to its industry leading j-link debug probe". retrieved september . 	^ "pr: segger embedded studio supports risc-v architecture". retrieved november . 	^ "pr: segger presents rtos, stacks, middleware for risc-v". retrieved december . 	^ "hifive ". sifive. retrieved july . 	^ sifive. "hi-five : open-source arduino-compatible development kit". crowd supply. retrieved december . 	^ "fu soc cpu". sifive. retrieved october . 	^ "syntacore". retrieved december . 	^ "scr , open-source risc-v core". retrieved december . 	^ "risc-v workshop proceedings". december . retrieved december . 	^ shilov, anton. "western digital reveals swerv risc-v core, cache coherency over ethernet initiative". www.anandtech.com. retrieved may . 	^ "western digital releases swerv risc-v core source code". ab open. january . archived from the original on may . 	^ cores-swerv on github 	^ "espressif". retrieved june . 	^ "esp -s " (pdf). retrieved june . 	^ desikan, shubashree ( august ). "iit-madras powers up a desi chip". the hindu. issn  - x. retrieved september . 	^ a b "meet india's atmanirbhar microprocessor chip 'moushik', meant for iot devices". wion. retrieved september . 	^ ashenden, peter ( november ). "re: [isa-dev] risc v isa for embedded systems". risc-v isa developers (mailing list). retrieved november . at astc (www.astc-design.com), we have an implementation of rv ec as a synthesizable ip core intended for small embedded applications, such as smart sensors and iot. 	^ "c-dac announces tech conclave ". the times of india. retrieved april . 	^ "noel-v processor". cobham gaisler. retrieved january . 	^ a b "freebsd foundation: initial freebsd risc-v architecture port committed". february . 	^ "esperanto exits stealth mode, aims at ai with a , core nm risc-v monster". wikichip.org. january . retrieved january . 	^ "pulpino github project". github. retrieved february . 	^ "pulp platform". pulp platform. retrieved february . 	^ "accelerator stream". european processor initiative (epi). retrieved february . 	^ redmond, calista ( august ). "how the european processor initiative is leveraging risc-v for the future of supercomputing". risc-v international news. risc-v international. 	^ "iit madras open source processor project". rapid io. iit madras. retrieved september . 	^ "lowrisc website". retrieved may . 	^ xie, joe (july ). nvidia risc v evaluation story. th risc-v workshop. youtube. 	^ andrei frumusanu ( october ). "sifive announces first risc-v ooo cpu core: the u -series processor ip". anandtech. 	^ asanović, krste; et al. "rocket-chip". github. risc-v international. retrieved november . 	^ celio, christopher. "riscv-boom". github. regents of the university of california. retrieved march . 	^ celio, christopher. "riscv-sodor". github. regents of the university of california. retrieved november . 	^ celio, chris. "ucb-bar/riscv-sodor". github. regents of the university of california. retrieved october . 	^ wolf, claire. "picorv ". github. retrieved february . 	^ "scr ". github. syntacore. retrieved january . 	^ traber, andreas; et al. "pulp: parallel ultra low power". eth zurich, university of bologna. retrieved august . 	^ "chisel: constructing hardware in a scala embedded language". uc berkeley. regents of the university of california. retrieved february . 	^ "riscv - freebsd wiki". wiki.freebsd.org. 	^ montezelo, manuel. "debian gnu/linux port for risc-v ". google groups. retrieved july . 	^ "architectures/risc-v". fedora wiki. red hat. retrieved september . 	^ begari, padmarao. "u-boot port on risc-v -bit is available". google groups. microsemi. retrieved february . 	^ riscvedk on github 	^ almatary, hesham. "risc-v, sel ". sel documentation. commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation (csiro). retrieved july . 	^ almatary, hesham. "heshamelmatary". github. retrieved july . 	^ "multizone secure iot stack, the first secure iot stack for risc-v". hex five security. hex five security, inc. february . retrieved march . 	^ "pharos". sourceforge. retrieved april . 	^ "angel is a javascript risc-v isa (rv ) simulator that runs riscv-linux with busybox". riscv.org. archived from the original on november . retrieved january . 	^ lee, yunsup ( march ). "boot risc-v linux in your web browser!". risc-v international. retrieved september . 	^ "angel - risc-v". riscv.org.s -website-us-west- .amazonaws.com. retrieved september . 	^ wepsim with risc-v_im example: https://acaldero.github.io/wepsim/ws_dist/wepsim-classic.html?mode=ep&example= &simulator=assembly:registers&notify=false 	^ wepsim source code in github: https://github.com/wepsim/wepsim 	^ "documentation/platforms/riscv - qemu". wiki.qemu.org. retrieved may . further reading[edit] 	library resources about risc-v 	 	resources in your library 	resources in other libraries 	"the risc-v instruction set manual". risc-v. 	"risc-v assembly language programming". github. november . 	"design of the risc-v instruction set architecture" (pdf). eecs department, university of california, berkeley. 	asanović, krste; patterson, david a. ( august ). "instruction sets should be free: the case for risc-v". eecs department, university of california, berkeley. ucb/eecs- - . 	waterman, andrew; lee, yunsup; avizienis, rimas; cook, henry; patterson, david a.; asanović, krste ( – august ). the risc-v instruction set (pdf). hot chips . stanford university, palo alto, california, usa. 	dabbelt, palmer ( – february ). risc-v software ecosystem (pdf). high-performance computer architecture (hpca) . san francisco, california, usa. 	lee, yunsup ( – february ). risc-v "rocket chip" soc generator in chisel (pdf). high-performance computer architecture (hpca) . san francisco, california, usa. 	waterman, andrew; lee, yunsup; patterson, david a.; asanović, krste ( november ). "the risc-v compressed instruction set manual version . (draft)" (pdf). risc-v. external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to risc-v. 	official website 	risc-v instruction set reference card 	"risc-v: an open standard for socs: the case for an open isa". eetimes. july . 	hruska, joel ( august ). "risc rides again: new risc-v architecture hopes to battle arm and x by being totally open source". extremetech. 	"analyzing the risc-v instruction set architecture". adapteva. august . 		v 	t 	e reduced instruction set computer (risc) architectures 	 	ibm 	berkeley risc 	stanford mips 	active	 	analog devices blackfin 	arc 	arm 	avr 	esi-risc 	latticemico 	latticemico 	mips 	openrisc 	power isa 	renesas m r 	renesas superh 	renesas v 	risc-v 	sunway 	sparc 	unicore 	xilinx microblaze 	xilinx picoblaze 	historic	 	alpha 	amd am 	apollo prism 	atmel avr 	clipper 	crisp 	dec prism 	intel i 	intel i 	meta 	mips-x 	motorola 	motorola m·core 	pa-risc 	romp 	power 	powerpc 	 	v 	t 	e programmable logic 	concepts	 	asic 	soc 	fpga 	logic block 	cpld 	epld 	pla 	pal 	gal 	psoc 	reconfigurable computing 	xputer 	soft microprocessor 	circuit underutilization 	high-level synthesis 	hardware acceleration 	languages	 	verilog 	a 	ams 	vhdl 	ams 	vital 	systemverilog 	dpi 	systemc 	ahdl 	handel-c 	psl 	upf 	palasm 	abel 	cupl 	openvera 	c to hdl 	flow to hdl 	myhdl 	jhdl 	ella 	chisel 	companies	 	accellera 	actel 	achronix 	amd 	aldec 	atmel 	cadence 	cypress 	duolog 	forte 	intel 	altera 	lattice 	national 	mentor graphics 	microsemi 	signetics 	synopsys 	magma 	virage logic 	texas instruments 	tabula 	xilinx 	products	 	hardware	 	ice 	stratix 	virtex 	software	 	intel quartus prime 	xilinx ise 	xilinx vivado 	modelsim 	vtr 	simulators 	ip	 	proprietary	 	arc 	arm cortex-m 	leon 	latticemico 	microblaze 	picoblaze 	nios 	nios ii 	open-source	 	jop 	latticemico 	opencores 	openrisc 	 	power isa 	microwatt 	risc-v 	zet 	 	v 	t 	e microcontrollers 	main	 	single-board microcontroller 	special function register 	architectures	 	 	 	arc 	arm 	avr 	cisc 	mips 	pic 	risc 	risc-v 	families	 	 -bit	 	am 	marc 	s c x 	tlcs- 	tms 	μcom- 	 -bit	 	 	 hc 	 hc 	 hc 	s 	rs 	 	 c 	 c 	melps 	 k 	 	 	xc 	avr 	cop 	h 	pic / / / / 	st /st 	stm 	z 	z 	ez 	rabbit 	tlcs- 	 -bit	 	 hc / 	c 	cr /c 	h s 	msp 	pic /dspic 	r c 	rl 	tlcs- 	z 	 -bit	 	am 	arm/cortex-m 	efm 	lpc 	sam 	stm 	xmc 	avr 	crx 	fr 	fr-v 	h sx 	m r 	 	coldfire 	pic 	powerpc 	mpc xx 	propeller 	tlcs- 	tricore 	v 	rx 	z 	 -bit	 	powerpc 	interfaces	 	programming	 	in-circuit serial programming (icsp) 	in-system programming (isp) 	program and debug interface (pdi) 	high-voltage serial programming (hvsp) 	high voltage parallel programming (hvpp) 	bootloader 	rom 	awire 	debugging	 	nexus (standard) 	joint test action group (jtag) 	debugwire (atmel) 	in-circuit debugging (icd) 	in-circuit emulator (ice) 	in-target probe (itp) 	simulators	 	gpsim 	lists	 	list of common microcontrollers 	by manufacturer 	intel 	nxp/freescale 	infineon 	renesas electronics 	list of wi-fi microcontrollers 	see also	 	embedded system 	programmable logic controller 	list of microprocessors retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=risc-v&oldid= " 		categories: 	computer-related introductions in 	instruction set architectures 	microcontrollers 	open microprocessors hidden categories: 	articles with short description 	short description matches wikidata 	articles containing potentially dated statements from 	all articles containing potentially dated statements 	articles containing potentially dated statements from 	articles containing potentially dated statements from august 	wikipedia articles needing clarification from january 	articles containing potentially dated statements from june 	articles containing potentially dated statements from january 	articles containing potentially dated statements from 	commons category link from wikidata 	use dmy dates from june 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 		contribute 	 	 			help 	learn to edit 	community portal 	recent changes 	upload file 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		in other projects 	 	 			wikimedia commons 		 	 	 	 		languages 	 	 			العربية 	català 	Čeština 	deutsch 	eesti 	español 	فارسی 	français 	한국어 	italiano 	日本語 	norsk bokmål 	polski 	português 	Русский 	suomi 	svenska 	Українська 	tiếng việt 	中文 		edit links 	 		 this page was last edited on december , at :  (utc). 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to those of author pei, i. m., - standardized propaganda units for war time and peace time china ( ) read it irving gill and rediscovery of concrete in california the marie and chauncey clark, - scensor, sean ( ) 	 advisor: Ákos moravánszky 	 department of architecture read it a system of industrialized housing for developing nations carow, jay robert ( ) 	 advisor: carl koch 	 department of architecture read it gallery of modern art --- a museum yang, hanford ( ) 	 advisor: lawrence b. anderson 	 department of architecture read it houses in heaven are made of steel : understanding change in ecuadorian amazon secoya structures arboleda, gabriel ( ) 	 advisor: john a. ochsendorf 	 department of architecture read it norwegian wood : a case study of stave churches harris, nicholas todd ( ) 	 advisor: lawrence anderson 	 department of architecture read it a strategy for low income housing for tunisia hallet, stanley ira ( ) 	 advisor: horacio caminos 	 department of architecture read it traditional building trades and crafts in changing socio-economic realities and present aesthetic values : case studies in syria abed, jamal h ( ) 	 advisor: ronald b. lewcock 	 department of architecture read it a tectonics approach to architecture : a new church building for buffalo bovenzi, christopher a. (christopher anthony) ( ) 	 advisor: fernando domeyko perez 	 department of architecture read it an embassy for the union of south africa in washington, d.c. beinart, julian ( ) 	 advisor: lawrence b. anderson 	 department of architecture read it integral articulation of wood building systems feagles, cuyler ( ) 	 advisor: eric dluhsch 	 department of architecture read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. sparc - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	sparc 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		for other uses, see sparc (disambiguation). sparc	 	designer	sun microsystems (acquired by oracle corporation)[ ][ ] 	bits	 -bit ( → ) 	introduced	 (production) (shipments) 	version	v ( ) / osa 	design	risc 	type	register-register 	encoding	fixed 	branching	condition code 	endianness	bi (big → bi) 	page size	 kb ( kb → kb) 	extensions	vis . , . , . , . 	open	yes, and royalty free 	registers 	general purpose	 (g = ; non-global registers use register windows) 	floating point	 (usable as single-precision, double-precision, or quad-precision) a sun ultrasparc ii microprocessor ( ) sparc (scalable processor architecture) is a reduced instruction set computing (risc) instruction set architecture (isa) originally developed by sun microsystems.[ ][ ] its design was strongly influenced by the experimental berkeley risc system developed in the early s. first developed in and released in ,[ ][ ] sparc was one of the most successful early commercial risc systems, and its success led to the introduction of similar risc designs from a number of vendors through the s and s. the first implementation of the original -bit architecture (sparc v ) was used in sun's sun- workstation and server systems, replacing their earlier sun- systems based on the motorola series of processors. sparc v added a number of improvements that were part of the supersparc series of processors released in . sparc v , released in , introduced a -bit architecture and was first released in sun's ultrasparc processors in . later, sparc processors were used in symmetric multiprocessing (smp) and non-uniform memory access (cc-numa) servers produced by sun, solbourne and fujitsu, among others. the design was turned over to the sparc international trade group in , and since then its architecture has been developed by its members. sparc international is also responsible for licensing and promoting the sparc architecture, managing sparc trademarks (including sparc, which it owns), and providing conformance testing. sparc international was intended to grow the sparc architecture to create a larger ecosystem; sparc has been licensed to several manufacturers, including atmel, bipolar integrated technology, cypress semiconductor, fujitsu, matsushita and texas instruments. due to sparc international, sparc is fully open, non-proprietary and royalty-free. as of september , the latest commercial high-end sparc processors are fujitsu's sparc xii (introduced in for its sparc m server) and oracle's sparc m introduced in september for its high-end servers. on friday, september , , after a round of layoffs that started in oracle labs in november , oracle terminated sparc design after the completion of the m . much of the processor core development group in austin, texas, was dismissed, as were the teams in santa clara, california, and burlington, massachusetts.[ ][ ] sparc development continues with fujitsu returning to the role of leading provider of sparc servers, with a new cpu due in the time frame.[ ] contents 	 features 	 history 	 sparc architecture licensees 	 implementations 	 operating system support 	 open source implementations 	 supercomputers 	 see also 	 references 	 external links features[edit] the sparc architecture was heavily influenced by the earlier risc designs, including the risc i and ii from the university of california, berkeley and the ibm . these original risc designs were minimalist, including as few features or op-codes as possible and aiming to execute instructions at a rate of almost one instruction per clock cycle. this made them similar to the mips architecture in many ways, including the lack of instructions such as multiply or divide. another feature of sparc influenced by this early risc movement is the branch delay slot. the sparc processor usually contains as many as general purpose registers. according to the "oracle sparc architecture " specification an "implementation may contain from to general-purpose -bit" registers.[ ] at any point, only of them are immediately visible to software — are a set of global registers (one of which, g , is hard-wired to zero, so only seven of them are usable as registers) and the other are from the stack of registers. these registers form what is called a register window, and at function call/return, this window is moved up and down the register stack. each window has local registers and shares registers with each of the adjacent windows. the shared registers are used for passing function parameters and returning values, and the local registers are used for retaining local values across function calls. the "scalable" in sparc comes from the fact that the sparc specification allows implementations to scale from embedded processors up through large server processors, all sharing the same core (non-privileged) instruction set. one of the architectural parameters that can scale is the number of implemented register windows; the specification allows from three to windows to be implemented, so the implementation can choose to implement all to provide maximum call stack efficiency, or to implement only three to reduce cost and complexity of the design, or to implement some number between them. other architectures that include similar register file features include intel i , ia- , and amd . the architecture has gone through several revisions. it gained hardware multiply and divide functionality in version .[ ][ ] -bit (addressing and data) were added to the version sparc specification published in .[ ] in sparc version , the floating point register file has double-precision registers. each of them can be used as two single-precision registers, providing a total of single precision registers. an odd-even number pair of double precision registers can be used as a quad-precision register, thus allowing quad precision registers. sparc version added more double precision registers (which can also be accessed as quad precision registers), but these additional registers can not be accessed as single precision registers. no sparc cpu implements quad-precision operations in hardware as of .[ ] tagged add and subtract instructions perform adds and subtracts on values checking that the bottom two bits of both operands are and reporting overflow if they are not. this can be useful in the implementation of the run time for ml, lisp, and similar languages that might use a tagged integer format. the endianness of the -bit sparc v architecture is purely big-endian. the -bit sparc v architecture uses big-endian instructions, but can access data in either big-endian or little-endian byte order, chosen either at the application instruction (load-store) level or at the memory page level (via an mmu setting). the latter is often used for accessing data from inherently little-endian devices, such as those on pci buses. history[edit] there have been three major revisions of the architecture. the first published version was the -bit sparc version (v ) in . sparc version (v ), an enhanced sparc architecture definition, was released in . the main differences between v and v were the addition of integer multiply and divide instructions, and an upgrade from -bit "extended precision" floating-point arithmetic to -bit "quad-precision" arithmetic. sparc v served as the basis for ieee standard - , an ieee standard for a -bit microprocessor architecture. sparc version , the -bit sparc architecture, was released by sparc international in . it was developed by the sparc architecture committee consisting of amdahl corporation, fujitsu, icl, lsi logic, matsushita, philips, ross technology, sun microsystems, and texas instruments. newer specifications always remain compliant with the full sparc v level specification. in , the sparc joint programming specification (jps ) was released by fujitsu and sun, describing processor functions which were identically implemented in the cpus of both companies ("commonality"). the first cpus conforming to jps were the ultrasparc iii by sun and the sparc v by fujitsu. functionalities which are not covered by jps are documented for each processor in "implementation supplements". at the end of , jps was released to support multicore cpus. the first cpus conforming to jps were the ultrasparc iv by sun and the sparc vi by fujitsu. in early , sun released an extended architecture specification, ultrasparc architecture . this includes not only the non-privileged and most of the privileged portions of sparc v , but also all the architectural extensions developed through the processor generations of ultrasparc iii, iv iv+ as well as cmt extensions starting with the ultrasparc t implementation: 	the vis and vis instruction set extensions and the associated gsr register 	multiple levels of global registers, controlled by the gl register 	sun's -bit mmu architecture 	privileged instructions allclean, otherw, normalw, and invalw 	access to the ver register is now hyperprivileged 	the sir instruction is now hyperprivileged in , sun released an updated specification, ultrasparc architecture , to which the ultrasparc t implementation complied. in august , oracle corporation made available a new specification, oracle sparc architecture , which besides the overall update of the reference, adds the vis instruction set extensions and hyperprivileged mode to the specification.[ ] in october , oracle released sparc m , the first processor based on the new oracle sparc architecture specification.[ ][ ] this revision includes vis instruction set extensions and hardware-assisted encryption and silicon secured memory (ssm) [ ] sparc architecture has provided continuous application binary compatibility from the first sparc v implementation in through the sun ultrasparc architecture implementations. among various implementations of sparc, sun's supersparc and ultrasparc-i were very popular, and were used as reference systems for spec cpu and cpu benchmarks. the  mhz ultrasparc-ii is the reference system for the spec cpu benchmark. sparc architecture licensees[edit] the following organizations have licensed the sparc architecture: 	afara websystems 	bipolar integrated technology (bit) 	cypress semiconductor 	european space research and technology center (estec) 	fujitsu (and its fujitsu microelectronics subsidiary) 	gaisler research 	hal computer systems 	hyundai 	lsi logic 	matra harris semiconductors (mhs) 	matsushita electrical industrial co. 	meiko scientific 	metaflow technologies 	philips electronics 	prisma 	ross technology 	solbourne computer 	systems & processes engineering corporation (spec) 	temic 	weitek implementations[edit] 	name (codename) 	model 	frequency (mhz) 	arch. version 	year 	total threads[note ] 	process (nm) 	transistors (millions) 	die size (mm ) 	io pins 	power (w) 	voltage (v) 	l dcache (kb) 	l icache (kb) 	l cache (kb) 	l cache (kb) 	sparc mb 	fujitsu[ ][ ][ ] 	 . – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	 	—	—	 – (unified)	none	none 	sparc 	various[note ] 	 . – 	v 	 – 	 × = 	 – 	~ . – . 	—	 – 	—	—	 – (unified)	none	none 	mn (kap) 	solbourne computer, matsushita[ ] 	 - 	v 	 - 	 x = 	— 	 . [ ] 	— 	— 	— 	— 	 	 	 – 	none 	microsparc i (tsunami) 	ti tms s 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 ?	 	 . 	 	 	 	none	none 	supersparc i (viking) 	ti tmx z / sun stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	 	 . 	 	 	 	 – 	none 	sparclite 	fujitsu mb x 	 – 	v e	 	 × = 	—	—	—	 , 	—	 . / . – .  v, . – .  v	 , , , 	 , , , 	none	none 	hypersparc (colorado ) 	ross rt a 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	—	—	 ?	 	 	 – 	none 	microsparc ii (swift) 	fujitsu mb / sun stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	none	none 	hypersparc (colorado ) 	ross rt b 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	—	—	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	supersparc ii (voyager) 	sun stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	—	 	—	 	 	 – 	none 	hypersparc (colorado ) 	ross rt c 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	—	—	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	turbosparc 	fujitsu mb 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc (spitfire) 	sun stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 [note ]	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	ultrasparc (hornet) 	sun stp 	 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	—	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	hypersparc (colorado ) 	ross rt d 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	—	—	 . 	 	 	 	none 	sparc 	fujitsu (hal) 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	—	multichip	 	 	 . 	 	 	—	— 	sparc ii 	fujitsu (hal) 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	—	multichip	 	 	 . 	 	 	—	— 	sparc iii 	fujitsu (hal) mbcs 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	—	—	 . 	 	 	 	— 	ultrasparc iis (blackbird) 	sun stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 [note ]	 . 	 	 	 or 	none 	ultrasparc iis (sapphire-black) 	sun stp / stp 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 [note ]	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	ultrasparc iii (sabre) 	sun sme 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 – 	none 	ultrasparc iii (sapphire-red) 	sun sme 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	—	 	 [note ]	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iie (hummingbird) 	sun sme 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 al	—	—	 	 [note ]	 . – . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iii (iie+) (phantom) 	sun sme 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 cu	—	—	 	 . 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	sparc gp 	fujitsu sfcb 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	—	—	 . 	 	 	 	— 	sparc gp 	-- 	 – 	v 	—	 × = 	 	 . 	—	—	—	 . 	 	 	 	— 	sparc  iv 	fujitsu mbcs 	 – 	v 	 	 × = 	 	—	—	—	—	—	 	 	 	— 	ultrasparc iii (cheetah) 	sun sme 	 	jps 	 	 × = 	 al	 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iii (cheetah) 	sun sme 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 al	 	—	 	—	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iii cu (cheetah+) 	sun sme 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 cu	 	 	 	 [note ]	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iiii (jalapeño) 	sun sme 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 . 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	sparc v (zeus) 	fujitsu 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	— 	sparc v+ (olympus-b) 	fujitsu 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	— 	ultrasparc iv (jaguar) 	sun sme 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc iv+ (panther) 	sun sme a 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	 	ultrasparc t (niagara) 	sun sme 	 – 	ua 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 . 	 	 	 	none 	sparc vi (olympus-c) 	fujitsu 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	—	 – 	 . 	 × 	 × 	 – 	none 	ultrasparc t (niagara ) 	sun sme a 	 – 	ua 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	 . – . 	 	 	 	none 	ultrasparc t plus (victoria falls) 	sun sme a 	 – 	ua 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	—	—	 	 	 	none 	sparc vii (jupiter)[ ] 	fujitsu 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	—	 	—	 × 	 × 	 	none 	ultrasparc "rk" (rock)[ ] 	sun sme 	 	????	canceled[ ]	 × = 	 	?	 	 	?	?	 	 	 	? 	sparc viiifx (venus)[ ][ ] 	fujitsu 	 	jps / hpc-ace	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	?	 × 	 × 	 	none 	leon ft 	atmel at f 	 	v 	 	 × = 	 	—	—	 	 	 . / . 	 	 	—	—|none 	sparc t (rainbow falls) 	oracle/sun 	 	ua 	 	 × = 	 [ ]	????	 	?	 	?	 	 	 	none 	galaxy ft- 	nudt (china) 	 	ua ?	 ?	 × = 	 	????	???	?	 	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc vii+ (jupiter-e or m )[ ][ ] 	fujitsu 	 – 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	—	—	—	 	—	 × 	 × 	 	none 	leon ft 	cobham gaisler gr rc 	 	v e	 	 × = 	 	—	—	—	 . [note ]	 . / . 	 x kb	 x kb	none	none 	r 	mcst (russia) 	 	jps 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	—	 	 , . , . 	 	 	 	none 	sparc t (yosemite falls)[ ] 	oracle 	 – 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	?	 	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc ixfx[ ][ ][ ] 	fujitsu 	 	jps / hpc-ace	 	 x = 	 	 	 	 	 	?	 × 	 × 	 	none 	sparc x (athena)[ ] 	fujitsu 	 	osa / hpc-ace	 	 × = 	 	 	 . 	 	 	?	 × 	 × 	 	none 	sparc t 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc m [ ] 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc m [ ] 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	 	 	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc x+ (athena+)[ ] 	fujitsu 	 – 	osa / hpc-ace	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	 	?	 × 	 × 	 m	none 	sparc xifx[ ] 	fujitsu 	 	jps / hpc-ace 	 	 ×( + )= 	 	 	?	 	?	?	 × 	 × 	 m× 	none 	sparc m [ ][ ] 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	> , 	?	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc s [ ][ ] 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	????	?	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × + × 	 	sparc xii[ ] 	fujitsu 	 	osa ? / hpc-ace	 	 × = 	 	 	 	 	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × 	 	sparc m [ ][ ] 	oracle 	 	osa 	 	 × = 	 	?	?	?	?	?	 × 	 × 	 × + × 	 	leon 	cobham gaisler gr 	 [note ]	v e	 	 × = 	 	—	—	—	—	 . / . / . 	 x 	 x 	 	none 	leon 	cobham gaisler 	—	v e	 	?	?	—	—	—	—	—	?	?	 – 	none 	name (codename) 	model 	frequency (mhz) 	arch. version 	year 	total threads[note ] 	process (nm) 	transistors (millions) 	die size (mm ) 	io pins 	power (w) 	voltage (v) 	l dcache (kb) 	l icache (kb) 	l cache (kb) 	l cache (kb) notes: 	^ a b threads per core × number of cores 	^ various sparc v implementations were produced by fujitsu, lsi logic, weitek, texas instruments, cypress and temic. a sparc v processor generally consisted of several discrete chips, usually comprising an integer unit (iu), a floating-point unit (fpu), a memory management unit (mmu) and cache memory. conversely, the atmel (now microchip technology) tsc is a single-chip sparc v implementation. 	^ @  mhz 	^ @  mhz 	^ @  mhz 	^ @  mhz 	^ max. @  mhz 	^ @  mhz 	^ excluding i/o buses 	^ nominal; specification from to mhz depending on attached ram capabilities operating system support[edit] sparc machines have generally used sun's sunos, solaris, or opensolaris including derivatives illumos and openindiana, but other operating systems have also been used, such as nextstep, rtems, freebsd, openbsd, netbsd, and linux. in , intergraph announced a port of windows nt to the sparc architecture,[ ] but it was later cancelled. in october , oracle announced a "linux for sparc reference platform".[ ] open source implementations[edit] several fully open source implementations of the sparc architecture exist: 	leon, a -bit radiation-tolerant, sparc v implementation, designed especially for space use. source code is written in vhdl, and licensed under the gpl. 	opensparc t , released in , a -bit, -thread implementation conforming to the ultrasparc architecture and to sparc version (level ). source code is written in verilog, and licensed under many licenses. most opensparc t source code is licensed under the gpl. source based on existent open source projects will continue to be licensed under their current licenses. binary programs are licensed under a binary software license agreement. 	s , a -bit wishbone compliant cpu core based on the opensparc t design. it is a single ultrasparc v core capable of -way smt. like the t , the source code is licensed under the gpl. 	opensparc t , released in , a -bit, -thread implementation conforming to the ultrasparc architecture and to sparc version (level ). source code is written in verilog, and licensed under many licenses. most opensparc t source code is licensed under the gpl. source based on existing open source projects will continue to be licensed under their current licenses. binary programs are licensed under a binary software license agreement. a fully open source simulator for the sparc architecture also exists: 	ramp gold, a -bit, -thread sparc version implementation, designed for fpga-based architecture simulation. ramp gold is written in ~ , lines of systemverilog, and licensed under the bsd licenses. supercomputers[edit] for hpc loads fujitsu builds specialized sparc fx processors with a new instruction extensions set, called hpc-ace (high performance computing – arithmetic computational extensions). fujitsu's k computer ranked no.  in the top june and november lists. it combines , sparc viiifx cpus, each with eight cores, for a total of , cores—almost twice as many as any other system in the top at that time. the k computer was more powerful than the next five systems on the list combined, and had the highest performance-to-power ratio of any supercomputer system.[ ] it also ranked no.  in the green june list, with a score of . mflops/w.[ ] in the november release of top , the k computer ranked no.  , using by far the most power of the top three.[ ] it ranked no.  on the corresponding green release.[ ] newer hpc processors, ixfx and xifx, were included in recent primehpc fx and fx supercomputers. tianhe- (top no.  as of november [ ]) has a number of nodes with galaxy ft- opensparc-based processors developed in china. however, those processors did not contribute to the linpack score.[ ][ ] see also[edit] 	erc  — based on sparc v specification 	ross technology, inc. — a sparc microprocessor developer during the s and s 	sparcle — a modified sparc with multiprocessing support used by the mit alewife project 	leon — a space rated sparc v processor. 	r  — a russian quad-core microprocessor based on sparc v specification 	galaxy ft-  — a chinese -core opensparc based processor references[edit] 	^ a b c "fujitsu to take arm into the realm of super". the cpu shack museum. june , . retrieved june , . 	^ a b c d "timeline". sparc international. retrieved june , . 	^ a b "fujitsu sparc". cpu-collection.de. retrieved june , . 	^ steven j. vaughan-nichols (september , ). 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– , – conf. day – oracle's sonoma processor: advanced low-cost sparc processor for enterprise workloads by basant vinaik and rahoul puri" (pdf). hotchips.org. retrieved august , . 	^ "blueprints revealed: oracle crams sparc m and infiniband into cheaper 'sonoma' chips". theregister.co.uk. retrieved august , . 	^ "documents at fujitsu" (pdf). fujitsu.com. retrieved august , . 	^ "oracle's new sparc systems deliver - x better performance, security capabilities, and efficiency than intel-based systems". oracle.com. retrieved september , . 	^ "sparc m processor" (pdf). oracle.com. retrieved september , . 	^ mclaughlin, john (july , ), "intergraph to port windows nt to sparc", the florida sunflash, ( ), retrieved december , 	^ project: linux for sparc - oss.oracle.com, october , , retrieved december , 	^ "top list ( - )", top , june , retrieved december , 	^ "the green list", green , june , archived from the original on july , 	^ "top list – november | top supercomputer sites", top , november , retrieved january , 	^ "the green list – november | the green ", green , november , retrieved january , 	^ "tianhe- (milkyway- )", top , may , retrieved may , 	^ keane, andy, "tesla supercomputing" (mp ), nvidia, retrieved december , 	^ thibodeau, patrick (november , ), u.s. says china building 'entirely indigenous' supercomputer, computerworld, retrieved august , external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to sparc microprocessors. 	sparc international, inc. 	oracle sparc processor documentation at the wayback machine (archived october , ) 	sparc technical documents 	opensparc architecture specification 	hypervisor/sun v reference materials 	fujitsu sparc v, vi, vii, viiifx, ixfx extensions and x / x+ specification 	sun – ultrasparc processors documentation at the wayback machine (archived january , ) 	sun – foss open hardware documentation at the wayback machine (archived december , ) 	opensparc at the wayback machine (archived february , ) 	oracle sparc and solaris public roadmap at the wayback machine (archived may , ) 	fujitsu sparc roadmap 	sparc processor images and descriptions 	the rough guide to mbus modules (supersparc, hypersparc) 	sparc version , lecture by david ditzel on youtube 	sparc at curlie 		v 	t 	e reduced instruction set computer (risc) architectures 	 	ibm 	berkeley risc 	stanford mips 	active	 	analog devices blackfin 	arc 	arm 	avr 	esi-risc 	latticemico 	latticemico 	mips 	openrisc 	power isa 	renesas m r 	renesas superh 	renesas v 	risc-v 	sunway 	sparc 	unicore 	xilinx microblaze 	xilinx picoblaze 	historic	 	alpha 	amd am 	apollo prism 	atmel avr 	clipper 	crisp 	dec prism 	intel i 	intel i 	meta 	mips-x 	motorola 	motorola m·core 	pa-risc 	romp 	power 	powerpc 	 	v 	t 	e computer hardware by sun microsystems (acquired by oracle corporation, ) 	processors	 	sparc 	mb 	microsparc 	supersparc 	ultrasparc 	ultrasparc ii 	ultrasparc iie 	ultrasparc iii 	gemini 	ultrasparc iii 	ultrasparc iii cu 	ultrasparc iiii 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	webcenter 	soa suite 	weblogic server 	coherence 	tuxedo 	glassfish 	operating systems	 	oracle linux 	oracle solaris 	computer hardware	 	sun fire 	sparc (t-series, enterprise) 	storagetek 	computer appliances	 	oracle exadata 	oracle exalogic 	big data appliance 	education and recognition	 	oracle certification program 	 	 category 	 	v 	t 	e processor technologies 	models	 	turing machine 	universal 	post–turing 	quantum 	belt machine 	stack machine 	finite-state machine 	with datapath 	hierarchical 	queue automaton 	register machines 	counter 	pointer 	random-access 	random-access stored program 	architecture	 	microarchitecture 	von neumann 	harvard 	modified 	dataflow 	transport-triggered 	cellular 	endianness 	memory access 	numa 	huma 	load/store 	register/memory 	cache hierarchy 	memory hierarchy 	virtual memory 	secondary storage 	heterogeneous 	fabric 	multiprocessing 	cognitive 	neuromorphic 	instruction set architectures	 	types	 	cisc 	risc 	application-specific 	edge 	trips 	vliw 	epic 	misc 	oisc 	nisc 	zisc 	comparison 	addressing modes 	instruction sets	 	x 	arm 	mips 	power isa 	sparc 	itanium 	unicore 	microblaze 	risc-v 	lmc 	others 	execution	 	instruction pipelining	 	pipeline stall 	operand forwarding 	classic risc pipeline 	hazards	 	data dependency 	structural 	control 	false sharing 	out-of-order	 	tomasulo algorithm 	reservation station 	re-order buffer 	register renaming 	speculative	 	branch prediction 	memory dependence prediction 	parallelism	 	level	 	bit 	bit-serial 	word 	instruction 	pipelining 	scalar 	superscalar 	task 	thread 	process 	data 	vector 	memory 	distributed 	multithreading	 	temporal 	simultaneous 	hyperthreading 	speculative 	preemptive 	cooperative 	flynn's taxonomy	 	sisd 	simd 	swar 	simt 	misd 	mimd 	spmd 	processor performance	 	transistor count 	instructions per cycle (ipc) 	cycles per instruction (cpi) 	instructions per second (ips) 	floating-point operations per second (flops) 	transactions per second (tps) 	synaptic updates per second (sups) 	performance per watt (ppw) 	cache performance metrics 	computer performance by orders of magnitude 	types	 	central processing unit (cpu) 	graphics processing unit (gpu) 	gpgpu 	vector 	barrel 	stream 	coprocessor 	asic 	fpga 	cpld 	multi-chip module (mcm) 	system in package (sip) 	by application	 	microprocessor 	microcontroller 	mobile 	notebook 	ultra-low-voltage 	asip 	systems on chip	 	system on a chip (soc) 	multiprocessor (mpsoc) 	programmable (psoc) 	network on a chip (noc) 	hardware accelerators	 	ai accelerator 	vision processing unit (vpu) 	physics processing unit (ppu) 	digital signal processor (dsp) 	tensor processing unit (tpu) 	secure cryptoprocessor 	network processor 	baseband processor 	word size	 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	 -bit 	bit slicing 	others 	variable 	core count	 	single-core 	multi-core 	manycore 	heterogeneous architecture 	components	 	core 	cache 	cpu cache 	replacement policies 	coherence 	bus 	clock rate 	clock signal 	fifo 	functional units	 	arithmetic logic unit (alu) 	address generation unit (agu) 	floating-point unit (fpu) 	memory management unit (mmu) 	load–store unit 	translation lookaside buffer (tlb) 	integrated memory controller (imc) 	logic	 	combinational 	sequential 	glue 	logic gate 	quantum 	array 	registers	 	processor register 	status register 	stack register 	register file 	memory buffer 	program counter 	control unit	 	instruction unit 	data buffer 	write buffer 	microcode rom 	counter 	datapath	 	multiplexer 	demultiplexer 	adder 	multiplier 	cpu 	binary decoder 	address decoder 	sum addressed decoder 	barrel shifter 	circuitry	 	integrated circuit 	 d 	mixed-signal 	power management 	boolean 	digital 	analog 	quantum 	switch 	power management	 	pmu 	apm 	acpi 	dynamic frequency scaling 	dynamic voltage scaling 	clock gating 	performance per watt (ppw) 	race to sleep 	related	 	history of general-purpose cpus 	microprocessor chronology 	processor design 	digital electronics 	hardware security module 	semiconductor device fabrication 	tick–tock model retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=sparc&oldid= " 		categories: 	computer-related introductions in 	instruction set architectures 	sparc microprocessor architecture 	sun microprocessors 	 -bit computers 	 -bit computers hidden categories: 	use mdy dates from august 	commons category link is on wikidata 	webarchive template wayback links 	articles with curlie links 	 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			article 	talk 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	contents 	current events 	random article 	about wikipedia 	contact us 	donate 		 	 	 	 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registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 blue hello my name is tag and pen on table with copy space oclc - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	oclc 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		global library cooperative for information on using oclc control numbers in wikipedia articles, see template:oclc. oclc, inc.	 	oclc headquarters 	type 	nonprofit cooperative 	industry	information 	founded	july  , ;  years ago ( - - ) (as ohio college library center) 	founder	frederick g. kilgour 	headquarters	dublin, ohio , us 	area served 	worldwide 	key people 	skip prichard, president and ceo 	products		worldcat 	firstsearch 	dewey decimal classification 	tipasa 	vdx 	webjunction 	wise 	worldshare 	revenue	$  million[ ] ( – ) 	total assets	$  million[ ] ( – ) 	total equity	$  million[ ] ( – ) 	members	 , libraries in countries[ ] ( – ) 	website	official website } oclc, inc., doing business as oclc,[ ] is an american nonprofit cooperative organization "dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world's information and reducing information costs".[ ] it was founded in as the ohio college library center, then became the online computer library center as it expanded. in , the name was formally changed to oclc, inc.[ ] oclc and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain worldcat, the largest online public access catalog (opac) in the world.[ ] oclc is funded mainly by the fees that libraries pay (around $  million annually in total as of [update]) for the many different services it offers.[ ] oclc also maintains the dewey decimal classification system. contents 	 history 	 services 	 . questionpoint 	 software 	 research 	 advocacy 	 online database: worldcat 	 identifiers and linked data 	 company acquisitions 	 criticism 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links history[edit] oclc began in , as the ohio college library center, through a collaboration of university presidents, vice presidents, and library directors who wanted to create a cooperative, computerized network for libraries in the state of ohio. the group first met on july , , on the campus of the ohio state university to sign the articles of incorporation for the nonprofit organization[ ] and hired frederick g. kilgour, a former yale university medical school librarian, to design the shared cataloging system.[ ] kilgour wished to merge the latest information storage and retrieval system of the time, the computer, with the oldest, the library. the plan was to merge the catalogs of ohio libraries electronically through a computer network and database to streamline operations, control costs, and increase efficiency in library management, bringing libraries together to cooperatively keep track of the world's information in order to best serve researchers and scholars. the first library to do online cataloging through oclc was the alden library at ohio university on august , . this was the first online cataloging by any library worldwide.[ ] membership in oclc is based on use of services and contribution of data. between and , oclc membership was limited to institutions in ohio, but in , a new governance structure was established that allowed institutions from other states to join. in , the governance structure was again modified to accommodate participation from outside the united states.[ ] as oclc expanded services in the united states outside ohio, it relied on establishing strategic partnerships with "networks", organizations that provided training, support and marketing services. by , there were independent united states regional service providers. oclc networks played a key role in oclc governance, with networks electing delegates to serve on the oclc members council. during , oclc commissioned two studies to look at distribution channels; at the same time, the council approved governance changes that had been recommended by the board of trustees severing the tie between the networks and governance. in early , oclc negotiated new contracts with the former networks and opened a centralized support center.[ ] services[edit] oclc provides bibliographic, abstract and full-text information to anyone. oclc and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain worldcat—the oclc online union catalog, the largest online public access catalog (opac) in the world.[ ] worldcat has holding records from public and private libraries worldwide. the online computer library center acquired the trademark and copyrights associated with the dewey decimal classification system when it bought forest press in . a browser[ ] for books with their dewey decimal classifications was available until july ; it was replaced by the classify service. until august , when it was sold to backstage library works, oclc owned a preservation microfilm and digitization operation called the oclc preservation service center,[ ] with its principal office in bethlehem, pennsylvania. starting in , oclc produced catalog cards for members alongside its shared online catalog; the company printed its last catalog cards on october , .[ ] questionpoint[edit] questionpoint,[ ] an around-the-clock reference service provided to users by a cooperative of participating global libraries, was acquired by springshare from oclc in and migrated to springshare's libanswers platform.[ ][ ] software[edit] oclc commercially sells software, such as: 	contentdm for managing digital collections[ ][ ][ ] 	wise, an integrated library system and "community engagement system"[ ][ ] 	worldcat discovery, a bibliographic discovery system that allows library patrons to use a single search interface to access an institution's catalog, ebooks, database subscriptions and more[ ][ ] 	worldshare management services, an electronic resource management system[ ][ ] research[edit] oclc has been conducting research for the library community for more than years. in accordance with its mission, oclc makes its research outcomes known through various publications.[ ] these publications, including journal articles, reports, newsletters, and presentations, are available through the organization's website. 	oclc publications – research articles from various journals including the code lib journal, oclc research, reference and user services quarterly, college & research libraries news, art libraries journal, and national education association newsletter. the most recent publications are displayed first, and all archived resources, starting in , are also available.[ ] 	membership reports – a number of significant reports on topics ranging from virtual reference in libraries to perceptions about library funding.[ ] 	newsletters – current and archived newsletters for the library and archive community.[ ] 	presentations – presentations from both guest speakers and oclc research from conferences, webcasts, and other events. the presentations are organized into five categories: conference presentations, dewey presentations, distinguished seminar series, guest presentations, and research staff presentations.[ ] advocacy[edit] advocacy has been a part of oclc's mission since its founding in . oclc staff members meet and work regularly with library leaders, information professionals, researchers, entrepreneurs, political leaders, trustees, students and patrons to advocate "advancing research, scholarship, education, community development, information access, and global cooperation".[ ][ ] webjunction, which provides training services to librarians,[ ] is a division of oclc funded by grants from the bill & melinda gates foundation beginning in .[ ][ ] oclc partnered with search engine providers in to advocate for libraries and share information across the internet landscape. google, yahoo!, and ask.com all collaborated with oclc to make worldcat records searchable through those search engines.[ ] oclc's advocacy campaign "geek the library", started in , highlights the role of public libraries. the campaign, funded by a grant from the bill & melinda gates foundation, uses a strategy based on the findings of the oclc report, "from awareness to funding: a study of library support in america".[ ] other past advocacy campaigns have focused on sharing the knowledge gained from library and information research. such projects have included communities such as the society of american archivists, the open archives initiative, the institute for museum and library services, the international organization for standardization, the national information standards organization, the world wide web consortium, the internet engineering task force, and internet . one of the most successful contributions to this effort was the dublin core metadata initiative, "an open forum of libraries, archives, museums, technology organizations, and software companies who work together to develop interoperable online metadata standards that support a broad range of purposes and business models."[ ] oclc has collaborated with the wikimedia foundation and the wikimedia volunteer community, through integrating library metadata with wikimedia projects, hosting a wikipedian in residence, and doing a national training program through webjunction called "wikipedia + libraries: better together".[ ][ ][ ] online database: worldcat[edit] main article: worldcat oclc's worldcat database is used by the general public and by librarians for cataloging and research. worldcat is available to the public for searching via a subscription web-based service called firstsearch,[ ] as well as through the publicly available worldcat.org.[ ] identifiers and linked data[edit] oclc assigns a unique control number (referred to as an "ocn" for "oclc control number") to each new bibliographic record in the worldcat. numbers are assigned serially, and as of mid- over a billion ocns had been created. in september , the oclc declared these numbers to be in the public domain, removing a perceived barrier to widespread use of ocns outside oclc itself.[ ] the control numbers link worldcat's records to local library system records by providing a common reference key for a record across libraries.[ ] ocns are particularly useful as identifiers for books and other bibliographic materials that do not have isbns (e.g., books published before ). ocns are used as identifiers often in wikipedia and wikidata. in october , it was reported that out of , instances of book infoboxes in wikipedia, "there were , isbns and , ocns", and regarding wikidata: "of around million wikidata items, , were books. wikidata items have an isbn associated with them, and , have ocns."[ ] oclc also runs the virtual international authority file (viaf), an international name authority file, with oversight from the viaf council composed of representatives of institutions that contribute data to viaf.[ ] viaf numbers are broadly used as standard identifiers, including in wikipedia.[ ][ ] company acquisitions[edit] oclc offices in leiden (the netherlands) oclc acquired netlibrary, a provider of electronic books and textbooks, in and sold it in to ebsco industries.[ ] oclc owns % of the shares of oclc pica, a library automation systems and services company which has its headquarters in leiden in the netherlands and which was renamed "oclc" at the end of .[ ] in july , the research libraries group (rlg) merged with oclc.[ ][ ] on january , , oclc announced[ ] that it had purchased ezproxy. it has also acquired oaister. the process started in january and from october , , oaister records are freely available via worldcat.org. in oclc acquired the dutch library automation company hka[ ][ ] and its integrated library system wise,[ ] which oclc calls a "community engagement system" that "combines the power of customer relationship management, marketing, and analytics with ils functions".[ ] oclc began offering wise to libraries in the united states in .[ ] in january , oclc acquired sustainable collection services (scs). scs offered consulting services based on analyzing library print collection data to help libraries manage and share materials.[ ] in , oclc acquired relais international, a library interlibrary loan service provider based in ottawa, canada.[ ] criticism[edit] in may , oclc was criticized by jeffrey beall for monopolistic practices, among other faults.[ ] library blogger rick mason responded that although he thought beall had some "valid criticisms" of oclc, he demurred from some of beall's statements and warned readers to "beware the hyperbole and the personal nature of his criticism, for they strongly overshadow that which is worth stating".[ ] in november , the board of directors of oclc unilaterally issued a new policy for use and transfer of worldcat records[ ] that would have required member libraries to include an oclc policy note on their bibliographic records; the policy caused an uproar among librarian bloggers.[ ][ ] among those who protested the policy was the non-librarian activist aaron swartz, who believed the policy would threaten projects such as the open library, zotero, and wikipedia, and who started a petition to "stop the oclc powergrab".[ ][ ] swartz's petition garnered signatures, but the details of his proposed actions went largely unheeded.[ ] within a few months, the library community had forced oclc to retract its policy and to create a review board to consult with member libraries more transparently.[ ] in august , oclc recommended that member libraries adopt the open data commons attribution (odc-by) license when sharing library catalog data, although some member libraries have explicit agreements with oclc that they can publish catalog data using the cc public domain dedication.[ ][ ] in july , the company was sued by skyriver, a rival startup, in an antitrust suit.[ ] library automation company innovative interfaces joined skyriver in the suit.[ ] the suit was dropped in march , however, following the acquisition of skyriver by innovative interfaces.[ ] innovative interfaces was later bought by exlibris, therefore passing oclc as the dominant supplier of ils services in the usa (over % market share for academic libraries and over % for public libraries for exlibris, versus oclc's % market share of both types of libraries in ).[ ] see also[edit] 	dynix (software) 	public library advocacy references[edit] 	^ a b c / oclc annual report. dublin, ohio: oclc. . oclc  . 	^ a b "oclc consolidated financial statements – " (pdf). oclc. september , . retrieved may , . 	^ a b "certificate of amendment of the amended articles of incorporation of oclc online computer library center, inc". ohio secretary of state. june , . retrieved august , . 	^ "about oclc". oclc. retrieved may , . 	^ a b oswald, godfrey ( ). "largest unified international library catalog". library world records ( rd ed.). jefferson, nc: mcfarland & company. p.  . isbn  . oclc  . 	^ a b "in the beginning". oclc.org. oclc. retrieved august , . 	^ intner, sheila (march–april ). "the passing of an era". technicalities. : – . issn  - . 	^ bates, marcia j; maack, mary niles, eds. ( ). encyclopedia of library and information sciences. v ( rd ed.). boca raton, florida: crc press. p.  . isbn  . oclc  . 	^ bailey-hainer, brenda (october , ). "the oclc network of regional service providers: the last years". journal of library administration. ( ): – . doi: . / . issn  - . 	^ "oclc deweybrowser". deweybrowser.oclc.org. archived from the original on may , . retrieved may , . 	^ "preservation service center". oclc. archived from the original on december , . 	^ "oclc prints last library catalog cards". www.oclc.org. october , . retrieved may , . 	^ "questionpoint". oclc. archived from the original on february , . retrieved may , . 	^ gest, jayne (june , ). "oclc to sell questionpoint software to florida company". smart business dealmakers columbus. retrieved april , . 	^ "springshare acquires questionpoint from oclc". springshare.com. may , . retrieved april , . 	^ "contentdm". oclc. retrieved may , . 	^ gilbert, heather; mobley, tyler (april , ). "breaking up with contentdm: why and how one institution took the leap to open source". the code lib journal ( ). issn  - . 	^ mita, amanda; pelli, zachary; reamer, kimberly; ince, sharon (april ). "contentdm to digital commons: considerations and workflows". journal of archival organization. ( – ): – . doi: . / . . . 	^ a b "oclc wise: community engagement system for public libraries". oclc. retrieved april , . 	^ a b c johnson, ben (april , ). "oclc wise reimagines the ils". infotoday.com. information today. retrieved april , . 	^ "worldcat discovery". oclc. retrieved march , . 	^ a b breeding, marshall (january , ). "discovery services: bundled or separate?". american libraries. retrieved april , . should discovery services be bundled or acquired à la carte? perspectives differ regarding the benefits of pairing a discovery service (for example, ex libris primo or oclc's worldcat discovery service) with the resource management system from the same vendor (ex libris alma or oclc's worldshare management services). 	^ "worldshare management services: an advanced, cloud-based library services platform". oclc. retrieved april , . 	^ hyatt, shirley; young, jeffrey a. ( ). "oclc research publications repository". d-lib magazine. ( ). doi: . /march -hyatt. 	^ "oclc publications". retrieved august , . 	^ "oclc membership reports". retrieved august , . 	^ "oclc newsletters". retrieved august , . 	^ "oclc presentations". retrieved august , . 	^ a b c rosa, cathy de (october , ). "advocacy and oclc". journal of library administration. ( ): – . doi: . / . issn  - . 	^ grossman, wendy m. (january , ). "why you can't find a library book in your search engine". the guardian. issn  - . retrieved may , . 	^ "webjunction". oclc. retrieved april , . 	^ block, marylaine (may , ). "gates foundation and oclc announce webjunction". infotoday.com. information today. retrieved april , . 	^ enis, matt (september , ). "grant to support oclc webjunction for five years". library journal. retrieved april , . 	^ "advocacy: from awareness to funding, the next chapter". www.oclc.org. oclc. july , . 	^ a b "libraries leverage wikimedia". www.oclc.org. oclc. retrieved april , . 	^ "wikipedia + libraries: better together". webjunction.org. retrieved april , . 	^ "wikipedia + libraries: better together: oclc webjunction". archive.org. august , . retrieved april , . training curriculum and support materials. 	^ "firstsearch: precision searching of worldcat". oclc. retrieved june , . 	^ hane, paula j. (july , ). "oclc to open worldcat searching to the world". infotoday.com. information today. retrieved june , . 	^ wallis, richard (september , ). "oclc declare oclc control numbers public domain". dataliberate.com. 	^ "oclc control number". retrieved january , . 	^ hangingtogether.org (october , ). "oclc control numbers in the wild". 	^ "viaf council". www.oclc.org. oclc. retrieved april , . 	^ klein, maximilian; kyrios, alex (october , ). "viafbot and the integration of library data on wikipedia". the code lib journal ( ). issn  - . 	^ jordan, jay (march , ). "letter to members ". oclc. archived from the original on march , . 	^ rogers, michael (october , ). "clc/oclc pica merge". library journal. new york. archived from the original on october , . 	^ wilson, lizabeth; neal, james; jordan, jay (october ). "rlg and oclc: combining for the future" (guest editorial). library and information science. vol.  , no.  . retrieved via project muse database, - - . 	^ "rlg to combine with oclc" (press release). oclc worldwide. may , . worldcat.org. retrieved - - . 	^ "news releases". www.oclc.org. 	^ "oclc acquires dutch library systems provider hka". stm publishing news. october , . retrieved april , . 	^ breeding, marshall (november ). "oclc acquires the dutch ils provider hka". smart libraries newsletter. retrieved april , . 	^ price, gary (january , ). "print collections: oclc acquires sustainable collection services". infodocket. retrieved march , . 	^ "oclc agrees to acquire relais international to provide library consortia more options for resource sharing". www.oclc.org. january , . retrieved may , . 	^ beall, jeffrey ( ). "oclc: a review" (pdf). in roberto, k.r. (ed.). radical cataloging: essays at the front. jefferson, nc: mcfarland & company. pp.  – . isbn  - . oclc  . 	^ mason, rick (june , ). "oclc: a review (a review)". libology.com. retrieved february , . 	^ "policy for use and transfer of worldcat records". marc.coffeecode.net. retrieved february , . archived image of oclc webpage dated november , . 	^ "oclc policy change". wiki.code lib.org. – . retrieved july , . 	^ a b c mckenzie, elizabeth (january ). oclc changes its rules for use of records in worldcat: library community pushback through blogs and cultures of resistance (technical report). boston: suffolk university law school. research paper - . 	^ "stop the oclc powergrab!". watchdog.net. february , . archived from the original on february , . retrieved february , . 	^ "stealing your library: the oclc powergrab (aaron swartz's raw thought)". aaronsw.com. june , . archived from the original on june , . retrieved february , . 	^ vollmer, timothy (august , ). "library catalog metadata: open licensing or public domain?". creative commons. retrieved february , . 	^ price, gary (february , ). "metadata/catalog records: national library of sweden signs agreement with oclc re: cc license". library journal. retrieved february , . 	^ coyle, karen (july , ). "skyriver sues oclc over anti-trust". karen coyle. 	^ breeding, marshall (july , ). "skyriver and innovative interfaces file major antitrust lawsuit against oclc". library journal. archived from the original on august , . 	^ price, gary (march , ). "iii drops oclc suit, will absorb skyriver". library journal. 	^ schonfeld, roger c. (december , ). "what are the larger implications of ex libris buying innovative?". sr.ithaka.org. retrieved april , . further reading[edit] 	bénaud, claire-lise; bordeianu, sever (october ). "oclc's worldshare management services: a brave new world for catalogers". cataloging & classification quarterly. ( ): – . doi: . / . . . 	blackman, cathy; moore, erica rae; seikel, michele; smith, mandi (july ). "worldcat and skyriver: a comparison of record quantity and fullness". library resources & technical services. ( ): – . doi: . /lrts. n . . 	breeding, marshall (may ). "library services platforms: a maturing genre of products". library technology reports. ( ): – . doi: . /ltr. n . 	jordan, jay, ed. ( ). weaving libraries into the web: oclc – . london; new york: routledge. isbn  . oclc  . 	maciuszko, kathleen l. ( ). oclc, a decade of development, – . littleton, colo.: libraries unlimited. isbn  . oclc  . 	matthews, joseph r. (july ). "an environmental scan of oclc alternatives: a management perspective". public library quarterly. ( ): – . doi: . / . . . 	richardson, ellen (january ). "ain't no (sky)river wide enough to keep me from getting to you: skyriver, innovative, oclc, and the fight for control over the bibliographic data, cataloging services, ill, and ils markets". legal reference services quarterly. ( ): – . doi: . / x. . . 	smith, k. wayne, ed. ( ). oclc, – : thirty years of furthering access to the world's information. new york: haworth press. isbn  . oclc  . 	"worldcat data licensing" (pdf). oclc.org. retrieved december , . see also: "data licenses & attribution". oclc.org. january , . retrieved december , . information about licensing of worldcat records and some other oclc data. external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to oclc. 	official website 	"hanging together – the oclc research blog". 	"oclc annual reports collection". oclc archives. 	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additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 everybody's libraries everybody's libraries libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 	from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) (tl;dr: i&# ;m starting to implement services and publish data to support searching across library collections that use customized subject headings, such as the increasingly-adopted substitutes for lcsh terms like &# ;illegal aliens&# ;. read on for what i&# ;m doing, why, and where &# ; continue reading &# ; 	everybody&# ;s library questions: finding films in the public domain welcome to another installment of everybody&# ;s library questions, where i give answers to questions people ask me (in comments or email) that seem to be useful for general consumption. before i start, though, i want to put in a plug &# ; continue reading &# ; 	build a better registry: my intended comments to the library of congress on the next register of copyrights the library of congress is seeking public input on abilities and priorities desired for the next register of copyrights, who heads the copyright office, a department within the library of congress.  the deadline for comments as i write this is &# ; continue reading &# ; 	welcome to everybody&# ;s online libraries as coronavirus infections spread throughout the world, lots of people are staying home to slow down the spread and save lives.  in the us, many universities, schools, and libraries have closed their doors.  (here&# ;s what happening at the library where &# ; continue reading &# ; 	public domain day : coming around again i&# ;m very happy for to be arriving.  as the start of the s, it represents a new decade in which we can have a fresh start, and hope to make better decisions and have better outcomes than some of &# ; continue reading &# ; 	 vision # : rhapsody in blue by george gershwin it&# ;s only a few hours from the new year where i write this, but before i ring in the new year, and a new year&# ;s worth of public domain material, i&# ;d like to put in a request for what music &# ; 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	 vision # : opportunity in just thirty days from when this post appears, a new crop of works will join the public domain. exactly what will come out of copyright will vary by country.  in europe and other places with &# ;life+ years&# ; copyright terms, &# ; continue reading &# ; none reduced instruction set computer - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	reduced instruction set computer 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		  (redirected from reduced instruction set computing) 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		processor executing one instruction in minimal clock cycles "risc" redirects here. for other uses, see risc (disambiguation). 	 	this article may be too technical for most readers to understand. please help improve it to make it understandable to non-experts, without removing the technical details. (october ) (learn how and when to remove this template message) a sun ultrasparc, a risc microprocessor a reduced instruction set computer, or risc (/rɪsk/), is a computer with a small, highly optimized set of instructions, rather than the more specialized set often found in other types of architecture, such as in a complex instruction set computer (cisc).[ ] the main distinguishing feature of risc architecture is that the instruction set is optimized with a large number of registers and a highly regular instruction pipeline, allowing a low number of clock cycles per instruction (cpi). another common risc feature is the load/store architecture,[ ] in which memory is accessed through specific instructions rather than as a part of most instructions in the set. although a number of computers from the s and s have been identified as forerunners of riscs, the modern concept dates to the s. in particular, two projects at stanford university and the university of california, berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. stanford's mips would go on to be commercialized as the successful mips architecture, while berkeley's risc gave its name to the entire concept and was commercialized as the sparc. another success from this era was ibm's effort that eventually led to the ibm power instruction set architecture, powerpc, and power isa. as these projects matured, a variety of similar designs flourished in the late s and especially the early s, representing a major force in the unix workstation market as well as for embedded processors in laser printers, routers and similar products. the many varieties of risc designs include arc, alpha, am , arm, atmel avr, blackfin, i , i , m , mips, pa-risc, power isa (including powerpc), risc-v, superh, and sparc. the use of arm architecture processors in smartphones and tablet computers such as the ipad and android devices provided a wide user base for risc-based systems. risc processors are also used in supercomputers, such as fugaku, which, as of june  [update], is the world's fastest supercomputer.[ ] contents 	 history and development 	 characteristics and design philosophy 	 . instruction set philosophy 	 . instruction format 	 . hardware utilization 	 comparison to other architectures 	 use of risc architectures 	 . low-end and mobile systems 	 . workstations, servers, and supercomputers 	 see also 	 references 	 external links history and development[edit] alan turing's automatic computing engine (ace) design had many of the characteristics of a risc architecture.[ ] a number of systems, going back to the s, have been credited as the first risc architecture, partly based on their use of load/store approach.[ ] the term risc was coined by david patterson of the berkeley risc project, although somewhat similar concepts had appeared before.[ ] the cdc designed by seymour cray in used a load/store architecture with only two addressing modes (register+register, and register+immediate constant) and operation codes, with the basic clock cycle being times faster than the memory access time.[ ] partly due to the optimized load/store architecture of the cdc , jack dongarra says that it can be considered a forerunner of modern risc systems, although a number of other technical barriers needed to be overcome for the development of a modern risc system.[ ] an ibm powerpc risc microprocessor michael j. flynn views the first risc system as the ibm design, begun in by john cocke and completed in .[ ] the was eventually produced in a single-chip form as the ibm romp in , which stood for 'research opd [office products division] micro processor'.[ ] this cpu was designed for "mini" tasks, and was also used in the ibm rt pc in , which turned out to be a commercial failure.[ ] but the inspired several research projects, including new ones at ibm that would eventually lead to the ibm power instruction set architecture.[ ][ ] in the mid- s, researchers (particularly john cocke at ibm and similar projects elsewhere) demonstrated that the majority of combinations of these orthogonal addressing modes and instructions were not used by most programs generated by compilers available at the time. it proved difficult in many cases to write a compiler with more than limited ability to take advantage of the features provided by conventional cpus. it was also discovered that, on microcoded implementations of certain architectures, complex operations tended to be slower than a sequence of simpler operations doing the same thing. this was in part an effect of the fact that many designs were rushed, with little time to optimize or tune every instruction; only those used most often were optimized, and a sequence of those instructions could be faster than a less-tuned instruction performing an equivalent operation as that sequence. one infamous example was the vax's index instruction.[ ] as mentioned elsewhere, core memory had long since been slower than many cpu designs. the advent of semiconductor memory reduced this difference, but it was still apparent that more registers (and later caches) would allow higher cpu operating frequencies. additional registers would require sizeable chip or board areas which, at the time ( ), could be made available if the complexity of the cpu logic was reduced. the most public risc designs, however, were the results of university research programs run with funding from the darpa vlsi program. the vlsi program, practically unknown today, led to a huge number of advances in chip design, fabrication, and even computer graphics. the berkeley risc project started in under the direction of david patterson and carlo h. sequin.[ ][ ][ ] berkeley risc was based on gaining performance through the use of pipelining and an aggressive use of a technique known as register windowing.[ ][ ] in a traditional cpu, one has a small number of registers, and a program can use any register at any time. in a cpu with register windows, there are a huge number of registers, e.g., , but programs can only use a small number of them, e.g., eight, at any one time. a program that limits itself to eight registers per procedure can make very fast procedure calls: the call simply moves the window "down" by eight, to the set of eight registers used by that procedure, and the return moves the window back.[ ] the berkeley risc project delivered the risc-i processor in . consisting of only , transistors (compared with averages of about , in newer cisc designs of the era) risc-i had only instructions, and yet completely outperformed any other single-chip design. they followed this up with the , transistor, instruction risc-ii in , which ran over three times as fast as risc-i.[ ] the mips project grew out of a graduate course by john l. hennessy at stanford university in , resulted in a functioning system in , and could run simple programs by .[ ] the mips approach emphasized an aggressive clock cycle and the use of the pipeline, making sure it could be run as "full" as possible.[ ] the mips system was followed by the mips-x and in hennessy and his colleagues formed mips computer systems.[ ][ ] the commercial venture resulted in a new architecture that was also called mips and the r microprocessor in .[ ] risc-v prototype chip ( ). in the early s, significant uncertainties surrounded the risc concept, and it was uncertain if it could have a commercial future, but by the mid- s the concepts had matured enough to be seen as commercially viable.[ ][ ] in hewlett packard started using an early implementation of their pa-risc in some of their computers.[ ] in the meantime, the berkeley risc effort had become so well known that it eventually became the name for the entire concept and in sun microsystems began shipping systems with the sparc processor, directly based on the berkeley risc-ii system.[ ][ ] the us government committee on innovations in computing and communications credits the acceptance of the viability of the risc concept to the success of the sparc system.[ ] the success of sparc renewed interest within ibm, which released new risc systems by and by risc processors were the foundation of a $ billion server industry.[ ] since a new open source instruction set architecture (isa), risc-v, has been under development at the university of california, berkeley, for research purposes and as a free alternative to proprietary isas. as of , version of the user space isa is fixed.[ ] the isa is designed to be extensible from a barebones core sufficient for a small embedded processor to supercomputer and cloud computing use with standard and chip designer defined extensions and coprocessors. it has been tested in silicon design with the rocket soc which is also available as an open-source processor generator in the chisel language. characteristics and design philosophy[edit] 	 	this section needs additional citations for verification. please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (march ) (learn how and when to remove this template message) further information: processor design instruction set philosophy[edit] a common misunderstanding of the phrase "reduced instruction set computer" is the mistaken idea that instructions are simply eliminated, resulting in a smaller set of instructions.[ ] in fact, over the years, risc instruction sets have grown in size, and today many of them have a larger set of instructions than many cisc cpus.[ ][ ] some risc processors such as the powerpc have instruction sets as large as the cisc ibm system/ , for example; conversely, the dec pdp- —clearly a cisc cpu because many of its instructions involve multiple memory accesses—has only basic instructions and a few extended instructions.[ ] the term "reduced" in that phrase was intended to describe the fact that the amount of work any single instruction accomplishes is reduced—at most a single data memory cycle—compared to the "complex instructions" of cisc cpus that may require dozens of data memory cycles in order to execute a single instruction.[ ] in particular, risc processors typically have separate instructions for i/o and data processing.[ ] the term load/store architecture is sometimes preferred. instruction format[edit] most risc architectures have fixed-length instructions (commonly bits) and a simple encoding, which simplifies fetch, decode, and issue logic considerably. one drawback of -bit instructions is reduced code density, which is more adverse a characteristic in embedded computing than it is in the workstation and server markets risc architectures were originally designed to serve. to address this problem, several architectures, such as arm, power isa, mips, risc-v, and the adapteva epiphany, have an optional short, feature-reduced instruction format or instruction compression feature. the sh also follows this pattern, albeit having evolved in the opposite direction, having added longer media instructions to an original -bit encoding. hardware utilization[edit] for any given level of general performance, a risc chip will typically have far fewer transistors dedicated to the core logic which originally allowed designers to increase the size of the register set and increase internal parallelism. other features of risc architectures include: 	processor average throughput nears instruction per cycle 	uniform instruction format, using single word with the opcode in the same bit positions for simpler decoding 	all general purpose registers can be used equally as source/destination in all instructions, simplifying compiler design (floating point registers are often kept separate) 	simple addressing modes with complex addressing performed by instruction sequences 	few data types in hardware (no byte string or bcd, for example) risc designs are also more likely to feature a harvard memory model, where the instruction stream and the data stream are conceptually separated; this means that modifying the memory where code is held might not have any effect on the instructions executed by the processor (because the cpu has a separate instruction and data cache), at least until a special synchronization instruction is issued. on the upside, this allows both caches to be accessed simultaneously, which can often improve performance. many early risc designs also shared the characteristic of having a branch delay slot, an instruction space immediately following a jump or branch. the instruction in this space is executed, whether or not the branch is taken (in other words the effect of the branch is delayed). this instruction keeps the alu of the cpu busy for the extra time normally needed to perform a branch. nowadays the branch delay slot is considered an unfortunate side effect of a particular strategy for implementing some risc designs, and modern risc designs generally do away with it (such as powerpc and more recent versions of sparc and mips).[citation needed] some aspects attributed to the first risc-labeled designs around include the observations that the memory-restricted compilers of the time were often unable to take advantage of features intended to facilitate manual assembly coding, and that complex addressing modes take many cycles to perform due to the required additional memory accesses. it was argued that such functions would be better performed by sequences of simpler instructions if this could yield implementations small enough to leave room for many registers, reducing the number of slow memory accesses. in these simple designs, most instructions are of uniform length and similar structure, arithmetic operations are restricted to cpu registers and only separate load and store instructions access memory. these properties enable a better balancing of pipeline stages than before, making risc pipelines significantly more efficient and allowing higher clock frequencies. yet another impetus of both risc and other designs came from practical measurements on real-world programs. andrew tanenbaum summed up many of these, demonstrating that processors often had oversized immediates. for instance, he showed that % of all the constants in a program would fit in bits, yet many cpu designs dedicated or bits to store them. this suggests that, to reduce the number of memory accesses, a fixed length machine could store constants in unused bits of the instruction word itself, so that they would be immediately ready when the cpu needs them (much like immediate addressing in a conventional design). this required small opcodes in order to leave room for a reasonably sized constant in a -bit instruction word. since many real-world programs spend most of their time executing simple operations, some researchers decided to focus on making those operations as fast as possible. the clock rate of a cpu is limited by the time it takes to execute the slowest sub-operation of any instruction; decreasing that cycle-time often accelerates the execution of other instructions.[ ] the focus on "reduced instructions" led to the resulting machine being called a "reduced instruction set computer" (risc). the goal was to make instructions so simple that they could easily be pipelined, in order to achieve a single clock throughput at high frequencies. later, it was noted that one of the most significant characteristics of risc processors was that external memory was only accessible by a load or store instruction. all other instructions were limited to internal registers. this simplified many aspects of processor design: allowing instructions to be fixed-length, simplifying pipelines, and isolating the logic for dealing with the delay in completing a memory access (cache miss, etc.) to only two instructions. this led to risc designs being referred to as load/store architectures.[ ] comparison to other architectures[edit] some cpus have been specifically designed to have a very small set of instructions – but these designs are very different from classic risc designs, so they have been given other names such as minimal instruction set computer (misc) or transport triggered architecture (tta). risc architectures have traditionally had few successes in the desktop pc and commodity server markets, where the x -based platforms remain the dominant processor architecture. however, this may change, as arm-based processors are being developed for higher performance systems.[ ] manufacturers including cavium, amd, and qualcomm have released server processors based on the arm architecture.[ ][ ] arm is further partnered with cray in to produce an arm-based supercomputer.[ ] on the desktop, microsoft announced that it planned to support the pc version of windows on qualcomm snapdragon-based devices in as part of its partnership with qualcomm. these devices will support windows applications compiled for -bit x via an x processor emulator that translates -bit x code to arm code.[ ][ ] apple announced they will transition their mac desktop and laptop computers from intel processors to internally developed arm -based socs called apple silicon. macs with apple silicon will be able to run x - binaries with rosetta , an x - to arm translator.[ ] outside of the desktop arena, however, the arm risc architecture is in widespread use in smartphones, tablets and many forms of embedded device. it is also the case that since the pentium pro (p ), intel x processors have internally translated x cisc instructions into one or more risc-like micro-operations, scheduling and executing the micro-operations separately.[ ] while early risc designs differed significantly from contemporary cisc designs, by the highest-performing cpus in the risc line were almost indistinguishable from the highest-performing cpus in the cisc line.[ ][ ][ ] use of risc architectures[edit] risc architectures are now used across a range of platforms, from smartphones and tablet computers to some of the world's fastest supercomputers such as summit, the fastest on the top list as of november  [update].[ ] low-end and mobile systems[edit] by the beginning of the st century, the majority of low-end and mobile systems relied on risc architectures.[ ] examples include: 	the arm architecture dominates the market for low power and low cost embedded systems (typically –  mhz in ). it is used in a number of systems such as most android-based systems, the apple iphone and ipad, microsoft windows phone (former windows mobile), rim devices, nintendo game boy advance, ds, ds and switch, raspberry pi, etc. 	ibm's powerpc was used in the gamecube, wii, playstation , xbox and wii u gaming consoles. 	the mips line (at one point used in many sgi computers) was used in the playstation, playstation , nintendo , playstation portable game consoles, and residential gateways like linksys wrt g series. 	hitachi's superh, originally in wide use in the sega super x, saturn and dreamcast, now developed and sold by renesas as the sh . 	atmel avr used in a variety of products ranging from xbox handheld controllers and the arduino open-source microcontroller platform to bmw cars. 	risc-v, the open-source fifth berkeley risc isa, with - or -bit address spaces, a small core integer instruction set, and an experimental "compressed" isa for code density and designed for standard and special purpose extensions. workstations, servers, and supercomputers[edit] 	apple-designed processors based on the arm architecture will be used by apple's lineup of desktop and laptop computers following its transition from intel processors.[ ] 	mips, by silicon graphics (ceased making mips-based systems in ). 	sparc, by oracle (previously sun microsystems), and fujitsu. 	ibm's ibm power instruction set architecture, powerpc, and power isa, most famously known for its use on many macintosh computer models prior to the completion of its transition to intel processors,[ ] and in many of ibm's supercomputers, mid-range servers and workstations. 	hewlett-packard's pa-risc, also known as hp-pa (discontinued at the end of ). 	alpha, used in single-board computers, workstations, servers and supercomputers from digital equipment corporation, then compaq and finally hp (discontinued as of ). 	risc-v, the open source fifth berkeley risc isa, with - or -bit address spaces, and the integer core extended with floating point, atomics and vector processing, and designed to be extended with instructions for networking, i/o, and data processing. a -bit superscalar design, "rocket", is available for download. see also[edit] 	addressing mode 	classic risc pipeline 	complex instruction set computer 	computer architecture 	instruction set architecture 	microprocessor 	minimal instruction set computer references[edit] 	^ berezinski, john. "risc — reduced instruction set computer". department of computer science, northern illinois university. archived from the original on february . 	^ a b flynn, michael j. ( ). computer architecture: pipelined and parallel processor design. pp.  – . isbn  . 	^ "japan's fugaku gains title as world's fastest supercomputer". riken. retrieved june . 	^ doran, robert ( ), "computer architecture and the ace computers", in copeland, jack (ed.), alan turing's electronic brain: the struggle to build the ace, the world's fastest computer, oxford: oxford university press, isbn  - 	^ fisher, joseph a.; faraboschi, paolo; young, cliff ( ). embedded computing: a vliw approach to architecture, compilers and tools. p.  . isbn  . 	^ a b reilly, edwin d. ( ). milestones in computer science and information technology. pp.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ grishman, ralph ( ). assembly language programming for the control data series and the cyber series. algorithmics press. p.  . oclc  . 	^ dongarra, jack j.; et al. ( ). numerical linear algebra on high-performance computers. pp.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ Šilc, jurij; robič, borut; ungerer, theo ( ). processor architecture: from dataflow to superscalar and beyond. pp.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ a b c d e f funding a revolution: government support for computing research by committee on innovations in computing and communications isbn  - - - page 	^ nurmi, jari ( ). processor design: system-on-chip computing for asics and fpgas. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . 	^ hill, mark donald; jouppi, norman paul; sohi, gurindar ( ). readings in computer architecture. pp.  – . isbn  - - - . 	^ a b c patterson, d. a.; ditzel, d. r. ( ). "the case for the reduced instruction set computer". acm sigarch computer architecture news. ( ): – . citeseerx  . . . . . doi: . / . . s cid  . 	^ a b c patterson, david a.; sequin, carlo h. ( ). risc i: a reduced instruction set vlsi computer. th annual symposium on computer architecture. minneapolis, mn, usa. pp.  – . doi: . / . . as pdf 	^ sequin, carlo; patterson, david (july ). design and implementation of risc i (pdf). advanced course on vlsi architecture. university of bristol. csd- - . 	^ a b c d chow, paul ( ). the mips-x risc microprocessor. pp. xix–xx. isbn  - - - . 	^ a b nurmi , pp.  – 	^ tucker, allen b. ( ). computer science handbook. pp.  – . isbn  - - -x. 	^ waterman, andrew; lee, yunsup; patterson, david a.; asanovi, krste. "the risc-v instruction set manual, volume i: base user-level isa version (technical report eecs- - )". university of california, berkeley. retrieved december . 	^ esponda, margarita; rojas, ra'ul (september ). "section : the confusion around the risc concept". the risc concept — a survey of implementations. freie universitat berlin. b- - . 	^ [stokes, jon "hannibal". "risc vs. cisc: the post-risc era". arstechnica. 	^ borrett, lloyd (june ). "risc versus cisc". australian personal computer. 	^ jones, douglas w. "doug jones's dec pdp- faqs". pdp- collection, the university of iowa department of computer science. 	^ dandamudi, sivarama p. ( ). "ch. : risc principles". guide to risc processors for programmers and engineers. springer. pp.  – . doi: . / - - - _ . isbn  - - - - . the main goal was not to reduce the number of instructions, but the complexity 	^ ambriz, kelly ( may ). "i/o processor for optimal data transfer". ee time. aspencore, inc. the -bit risc processors can be broken down into microcontrollers, host processors, embedded processors and i/o processors. 	^ "microprocessors from the programmer's perspective" by andrew schulman 	^ dowd, kevin; loukides, michael k. ( ). high performance computing. o'reilly. isbn  . 	^ vincent, james ( march ). "microsoft unveils new arm server designs, threatening intel's dominance". the verge. retrieved may . 	^ russell, john ( may ). "cavium unveils thunderx plans, reports arm traction is growing". hpc wire. retrieved march . 	^ amd's first arm-based processor, the opteron a , is finally here, extremetech, january , retrieved august 	^ feldman, michael ( january ). "cray to deliver arm-powered supercomputer to uk consortium". top .org. retrieved may . 	^ "microsoft is bringing windows desktop apps to mobile arm processors". the verge. vox media. december . retrieved december . 	^ "how x emulation works on arm". microsoft docs. february . 	^ "apple announces mac transition to apple silicon" (press release). cupertino, california: apple inc. june . retrieved july . 	^ srinivasan, sundar ( ). "intel x processors – cisc or risc? or both??". 	^ carter, nicholas p. ( ). schaum's outline of computer architecture. p.  . isbn  - - -x. 	^ jones, douglas l. ( ). "cisc, risc, and dsp microprocessors" (pdf). 	^ singh, amit. "a history of apple's operating systems". the line between risc and cisc has been growing fuzzier over the years 	^ "top the list: november ". top . retrieved november . 	^ dandamudi , pp.  – 	^ deangelis, marc ( june ). "apple starts its two-year transition to arm this week". engadget. retrieved august . apple has officially announced that it will be switching from intel processors to its own arm-based, a-series chips in its mac computers. 	^ bennett, amy ( ). "apple shifting from powerpc to intel". computerworld. retrieved august . external links[edit] 	"risc vs. cisc". risc architecture. stanford university. . 	"what is risc". risc architecture. stanford university. . 	savard, john j. g. "not quite risc". computers. 	mashey, john r. ( september ). "yet another post of the old risc post [unchanged from last time]". newsgroup: comp.arch. usenet:  p b $dhh$ @murrow.corp.sgi.com. nth re-posting of cisc vs risc (or what is risc, really) 		v 	t 	e reduced instruction set computer (risc) architectures 	 	ibm 	berkeley risc 	stanford mips 	active	 	analog devices blackfin 	arc 	arm 	avr 	esi-risc 	latticemico 	latticemico 	mips 	openrisc 	power isa 	renesas m r 	renesas superh 	renesas v 	risc-v 	sunway 	sparc 	unicore 	xilinx microblaze 	xilinx picoblaze 	historic	 	alpha 	amd am 	apollo prism 	atmel avr 	clipper 	crisp 	dec prism 	intel i 	intel i 	meta 	mips-x 	motorola 	motorola m·core 	pa-risc 	romp 	power 	powerpc 	 	v 	t 	e processor technologies 	models	 	turing machine 	universal 	post–turing 	quantum 	belt machine 	stack machine 	finite-state machine 	with datapath 	hierarchical 	queue automaton 	register machines 	counter 	pointer 	random-access 	random-access stored program 	architecture	 	microarchitecture 	von neumann 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a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none wave hill walk-off - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	wave hill walk-off 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		 strike by aboriginal australians on a cattle station in the northern territory lasting years coordinates: ° ′ ″s ° ′ ″e /  . °s . °e / - . ; . the wave hill walk-off, also known as the gurindji strike, was a walk-off and strike by gurindji stockmen, house servants and their families, starting on august and lasting for about nine years. it took place at wave hill, a cattle station in kalkarindji (formerly known as wave hill), northern territory, australia, and was led by gurindji man vincent lingiari. initially interpreted as purely a strike against working and living conditions, it became apparent that these were not the only or main reasons. the primary demand was for return of some of the traditional lands of the gurindji people, which had covered approximately , square kilometres ( ,  sq mi) of the northern territory before european settlement. the walk-off persisted until the time of the whitlam government ( – ). on august , after brokering an agreement with the owners, the vestey group, prime minister gough whitlam was able to give the rights to a small piece of land back to the gurindji people in a highly symbolic handover ceremony. it was a key moment in the movement for aboriginal land rights in australia, which was one of the main events leading to the passing of the aboriginal land rights (northern territory) act . this legislation was the basis on which indigenous australians could apply for freehold title to traditional lands (known as native title in australia) in the northern territory. the event was later celebrated in the song "from little things big things grow", written by paul kelly and kev carmody in , and freedom day is celebrated in august of each year at kalkarindji to commemorate the strike. on september the traditional owners were granted native title over , square kilometres ( ,  sq mi) of the wave hill station land. contents 	 gurindji and the pastoralists 	 conditions on the station 	 – : strike years 	 . the walk-off 	 . support for the gurindji grows 	 . – whitlam government 	 – handback 	 significance and legacy of the strike 	 native title recognition 	 the gurindji strike in popular culture 	 . gurindji blues 	 . from little things big things grow 	 . wave hill walk off 	 . freedom day 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading gurindji and the pastoralists[edit] the gurindji, an aboriginal australian people, had lived on their traditional land in the victoria river area for tens of thousands of years.[ ] these lands cover approximately , square kilometres ( ,  sq mi) of what is now the northern territory. they first encountered europeans in the – , when explorer augustus gregory crossed into their territory.[ ] from to gregory led an expedition from the plains of the victoria river eastward across the nt to the queensland coast.[ ] in alexander forrest journeyed through this land from the coast of western australia to the overland telegraph line.[ ] an area of about ,  km ( ,  sq mi), which included the kalkaringi and daguragu area, was granted to pastoralist nathaniel buchanan in [ ] for the wave hill cattle station. it was stocked with cattle in , and years later there were , cattle and , bullocks, which started to degrade the environment.[ ][ ] the land management practices adhered to by the gurindji for millennia could not be followed.[ ] the gurindji and other aboriginal peoples found their waterholes and soakages fenced off or fouled by cattle, which also ate or trampled fragile desert plant life, such as bush tomato. dingo hunters ("doggers") regularly shot the people's hunting dogs as well as kangaroos as they competed with cattle for water and grazing land. gurindji suffered lethal reprisals for any attempt to eat the cattle – anything from a skirmish to a massacre. there was little choice to stay alive but to move onto the cattle stations, receive rations, adopt a more sedentary life and, where possible, take work as stockmen and domestic help. if they couldn't continue their traditional way of life, then at least to be on their own land – the foundation for their spiritual beliefs – seemed crucial.[citation needed] the pastoralists wanted cheap labour, and workers were exploited and abused. legislation passed in required employers to provide aboriginal workers food, clothes, tea and tobacco in exchange for their work.[ ] pastoralists were able to make use of the now landless aboriginal people, who wanted to stay on their traditional lands, as extremely cheap manual labour. on stations across the north, aboriginal people became the backbone of the cattle industry for the next years.[ ] in , wave hill station was bought by vestey brothers, then an international meat-packing company founded and run by william and edmund vestey.[ ] the vesteys refused to pay their workers in wages, leading to tensions and arguments from the beginning.[ ] conditions on the station[edit] there had been complaints from indigenous employees about conditions over many years. a northern territory government inquiry held in the s said of vesteys:[ ] it was obvious that they had been ... quite ruthless in denying their aboriginal labour proper access to basic human rights. however, little was done over the decades leading up to the strike. while it was illegal up until to pay aboriginal workers more than a specified amount in goods and money, a inquiry found vesteys was not even paying aboriginal workers the shillings a day minimum wage set up for aboriginal workers under the aboriginals ordinance . non-indigenous males were receiving £ / /- a week in . gurindji lived in humpies made of corrugated iron, without floors, lighting, sanitation, furniture or cooking facilities. billy bunter jampijinpa, who lived on wave hill station at the time said:[ ] we were treated just like dogs. we were lucky to get paid the quid a month we were due, and we lived in tin humpies you had to crawl in and out on your knees. there was no running water. the food was bad – just flour, tea, sugar and bits of beef like the head or feet of a bullock. the vesteys mob were hard men. they didn't care about blackfellas. a report by anthropologists (catherine berndt and ronald berndt[ ]) exposed the conditions faced by the workers. aboriginal children under were working illegally, housing and food was inadequate, there was sexual abuse of aboriginal women, and prostitution in exchange for rations and clothing was occurring. sanitation was poor and there was no safe drinking water.[ ] gurindji who received minimal government benefits had these paid into pastoral company accounts over which they had no control. in contrast, non-aboriginal workers enjoyed minimum wage security with no legal limit on the maximum they could be paid. they were housed in comfortable homes with gardens and had full control over their finances.[ ] in , the aboriginals ordinance amended the aboriginals ordinance (nt). this empowered the director of native affairs (previously chief protector of aborigines until changed by the aboriginals ordinance ) with legal guardianship of all "aboriginals", thus making them wards of the state. he would also oversee many matters relevant to the lives of aboriginal people.[ ][ ][ ] in , the wards employment regulations[ ] set out a scale of wages, rations and conditions applicable to wards of the state, at rates up to per cent lower than those of non-aboriginal people working in similar occupations. still samuel vestey, rd baron vestey, known as lord vestey, refused to pay any wages to the company's aboriginal workers.[ ][ ] in the north australian workers' union (nawu), under pressure from the northern territory council for aboriginal rights[ ] (ntcar)[ ] and driven by their own aboriginal organiser, dexter daniels,[ ] applied to the commonwealth conciliation and arbitration commission to amend the northern territory’s pastoral award to remove sections discriminating against aboriginal workers. the pastoralists resisted strongly; the commission eventually agreed in march ,[ ] but in consideration of the pastoralists' concerns of what it would cost them, delayed implementation by three years.[ ] by august the gurindji had had enough of waiting for an improvement to their living and working conditions,[ ] and a campaign in solidarity with their cause had stirred support across the country. writer frank hardy organised a speaking tour for daniels, and through their networks and unions in sydney and melbourne collected thousands of pounds for a strike fund.[ ] ntcar provided support and publicity for the strike.[ ] – : strike years[edit] the walk-off[edit] on august , led by lingiari, about workers (stockmen and domestic servants) and their families walked off wave hill and began their ten-year strike for better pay and conditions and land rights.[ ][ ] lingiari led the gurindji, as well as ngarinman, bilinara, warlpiri and mudbara workers.[ ] in march the gurindji decided to move from their first camp in the dry bed of the victoria river to an important sacred site nearby at wattie creek/daguragu. initially, the action was interpreted by most of the white people as purely a strike against work and living conditions. however, it soon became clear that the strikers not only demanded wages equal to those of white stockmen, but also the return of their land.[ ][ ] the move was symbolic, away from the cattle station and closer to the gurindji sacred sites, and marked.[ ] at the time of the move, the strikers drafted a petition to the then governor-general of australia, lord casey, asking for a lease of ,  km (  sq mi) around daguragu, to be run cooperatively by the gurundji as a mining and cattle lease. the petition said "we feel that morally the land is ours and should be returned to us". however, in june casey refused the lease.[ ] "this bin [been] gurindji country long time before them vestey mob", vincent lingiari told hardy at the time.[ ] hardy records pincher manguari as saying:[ ] we want them vestey mob all go away from here. wave hill aboriginal people bin called gurindji. we bin here long time before them vestey mob. this is our country, all this bin gurindji country. wave hill bin our country. we want this land; we strike for that. billy bunter jampijinpa was years old at the time of the walk-off: the vesteys mob came and said they would get two killers (slaughtered beasts) and raise our wages if we came back. but old vincent said, 'no, we're stopping here'. then in early we walked to our new promised land, we call it daguragu (wattie creek), back to our sacred places and our country, our new homeland. "vincent, may " (vincent lingiari); charcoal on paper, by frank hardy, drawn while researching his book, the unlucky australians. the gurindji stayed on at daguragu from until , although under australian law this was an illegal occupation. other petitions and requests move back and forth between the gurindji and the northern territory and australian governments, without resolution.[ ] while living at daguragu, the gurindji people drew up maps showing areas they wanted excised from pastoralist land and returned to them. in , they petitioned the governor-general, claiming , square kilometres (  sq mi) of land near wave hill.[ ] their claim was rejected.[ ] the strike started having an impact on nearby stations; some had increased their aboriginal workers' pay, fearing strike action.[ ] in late the northern territory government offered a compromise pay rise of per cent, but the strikers still demanded wages equal to those of white stockmen and return of their land. the government also made moves to cut off means of gurindji obtaining food supplies and threatened evictions. the gurindji persisted with their protest and stayed at daguragu.[ ] support for the gurindji grows[edit] the tide of public opinion was beginning to turn in australia. demonstrations and arrests occurred in southern australia, and many church, student and trade union groups gave practical and fundraising support to the gurindji struggle. the struggle would, however, continue for another eight years, during which lingiari, jampijinpa and others toured the country, giving talks, raising awareness, and building support for their cause. they arranged meetings with prominent lawyers and politicians.[ ] writer frank hardy recalled one fundraising meeting at which a donor gave a$ after hearing lingiari speak. the donor – who said he had never before met an aboriginal person – was a young dr fred hollows, the eye surgeon and communist activist. brian manning garnered support at the waterside workers' conference in sydney, recommending to members a a$ per member national levy to support the gurindji claim for their land. this raised a a$ , in the gurindji's battle for their land rights. the money spent on building fences as well as a massive campaign.[ ] workers in vesteys' meatworks in london took a day of strike action and sent donations.[ ] several significant events marked a change in public opinion in australia. in , an overwhelming majority of australians – over per cent of voters and a majority in all six states – voted "yes" to giving the federal government power to make laws specifically for indigenous australians, in the referendum.[ ] in , aboriginal workers at another vestey's property, limbunya, also joined the strike when they walked off the job.[ ] in hardy published the unlucky australians, with a foreword by donald horne and contributions by lingiari, aboriginal union organiser daniel dexter, aboriginal actor robert tudawali and captain major, telling the story of the gurindji people based on personal narratives, and the gurindji strike.[ ] also in , the liberal-national coalition federal government under john gorton offered houses at wave hill welfare settlement (now kalkarindji), but the gurindji would not be enticed by this.[ ] in the government was given a proposal to give square kilometres ( .  sq mi) back to the gurindji. cabinet refused even to discuss the issue.[citation needed] meanwhile, the yolngu people of northeast arnhem land were taking their grievances to the courts, in the case of milirrpum v nabalco, also known as the gove land rights case, after unsuccessfully petitioning the commonwealth government with the yirrkala bark petitions. the judge's decision in gove in april relied on the doctrine of terra nullius to deny the yolngu rights to their land and ensure the security of a bauxite mine by nabalco. coupled with the ongoing gurindji strike, this case highlighted the very real need for aboriginal land rights.[ ][ ] – whitlam government[edit] further information: whitlam government and indigenous land rights in australia on december the australian labor party (alp) came to power under prime minister gough whitlam.[ ][ ] aboriginal land rights was an issue high on the whitlam government's agenda. it called a halt to development leases granted by the northern territory land board that might damage indigenous rights and suspended mining exploration licences.[ ] the whitlam government established the royal commission into aboriginal land rights in the northern territory, headed by justice woodward in ("the woodward royal commission"). the inquiry's task was to examine the legal establishment of land rights.[ ] the commission recommended government financial support for the creation of reserves and incorporated land trusts, administered by traditional owners or land councils.[ ] the original wave hill contract ended in march , and two new ones were drafted, one for vestey and one for the gurindji, through their murramulla gurindji company.[ ] – handback[edit] gough whitlam and vincent lingiari, august in , the labor government of gough whitlam finally negotiated with vesteys to give the gurindji back a small portion of their land. whitlam arrived in daguragu on august . this was a symbolic moment in the land rights movement in australia for indigenous australians, although only an initial step towards the final land handback; it was only a -year pastoral lease over a very small area.[ ] whitlam poured a handful of soil through lingiari’s fingers addressed him and the gurindji people, saying:[ ][ ] on this great day, i, prime minister of australia, speak to you on behalf of all australian people – all those who honour and love this land we live in. for them i want to say to you: i want this to acknowledge that we australians have still much to do to redress the injustice and oppression that has for so long been the lot of black australians. vincent lingiari, i solemnly hand to you these deeds as proof, in australian law, that these lands belong to the gurindji people and i put into your hands part of the earth itself as a sign that this land will be the possession of you and your children forever. mervyn bishop's photograph of whitlam pouring sand into lingiari's hand on that day, has become an iconic one in australian history.[ ] significance and legacy of the strike[edit] as a result of the recommendations of the woodward inquiry, the whitlam government drafted the aboriginal land rights bill. the legislation was not passed by parliament prior to the whitlam government's dismissal in ,[ ] but the subsequent fraser government passed effectively similar legislation – the aboriginal land rights act (alra) – on december .[ ] this was the first legislation in australia which allows for a claim of land title if the claimants can provide evidence of their traditional connection to the land (i.e. via native title).[ ] vincent lingiari confronted the vast economic and political forces arrayed against him and his people. the walk-off and strike were landmark events in the struggle for aboriginal land rights in australia. the gurindji strike was not the first or the only demand by aboriginal people for the return of their lands – but it was the first one to attract wide public support within australia for land rights. for the first time recognition was given of indigenous people, their rights and responsibilities for the land, and their ability to practise their law, language and culture. in august every year, a large celebration is held at kalkaringi to mark the anniversary of the strike and walk-off. known as freedom day, people gather from many parts of australia to celebrate and re-enact the walk-off.[citation needed] however, it wasn’t until may that the gurindji won a more significant claim under the alra, when the hawke government at last handed over the inalienable aboriginal freehold title deeds to the gurindji.[ ][ ] also, the alra was limited to the nt, and explicitly excluded urban claims such those made by the larrakia people of darwin.[ ] in an australian senate report looked into the matter of underpayment of indigenous workers in the past. a group of those involved in the wave hill walk-off have said that they would be prepared to make a reparation claim for underpaid and stolen wages as a test case.[ ] the walk-off route was listed on the northern territory heritage register on august and on the australian national heritage list on august .[ ][ ] there are also seven other associated sites on the national heritage list.[ ] unfortunately, lingiari's vision of "a separate but equal settlement, land and cultural and political autonomy" did not happen. the murramulla aboriginal-owned cattle business did not survive, for a range of reasons.[ ][ ] the wave hill welfare settlement attracted more people because of government funding and services, and kalkarindji (as it is now known) is the service centre for the smaller dagaragu (formerly wattie creek) settlement. since a local government restructure, kalkarindji/daguragu ward is one of five wards of the victoria daly region council.[ ] native title recognition[edit] a native title claim was lodged in by the central land council, as there were mining interests in area covered by wave hill station's pastoral lease.[ ] on september , the federal court of australia recognised the native title rights of the gurindji people to , square kilometres ( ,  sq mi) of the wave hill station, allowing them to receive royalties as compensation from resource companies who explore the area. justice richard white said that the determination recognised indigenous involvement (jamangku, japuwuny, parlakuna-parkinykarni and yilyilyimawu peoples) with the land "at least since european settlement and probably for millennia".[ ][ ] the court sitting took place nearly kilometres (  mi) south of darwin, and descendants of lingiari and others involved in the walk-off celebrated the determination.[ ] the traditional owners will participate in the mining negotiations and exploration work, from which royalties may flow in the future, but just as important is the right to hunt, gather, teach and perform cultural activities and ceremonies, and allow the young people to connect with their land.[ ] the gurindji strike in popular culture[edit] 	"gurindji blues" 	single by galarrwuy yunupingu 	b-side	"the tribal land" 	released	  ( ) 	length	 	introduction by vincent lingiari – : 	gurindji blues – : 	label	rca victor 	songwriter(s)	ted egan 	producer(s)	ron wills gurindji blues[edit] ted egan wrote the "gurindji blues" in the with lingiari. the words to the first verse are:[ ][ ] poor bugger me, gurindji me bin sit down this country long before no lord vestey all about land belong to we egan says he was moved to write "gurindji blues" after he heard peter nixon, then minister for the interior, say in parliament that if the gurindji wanted land, they should save up and buy it, like any other australian. nixon also gets a mention in the song:[ ] poor bugger me, gurindji peter nixon talk long we: 'buy you own land, gurindji buyim back from the lord vestey' in the song was recorded by in sydney, with egan singing along with galarrwuy yunupingu, a yolngu man actively involved in land rights for his own people through the yirrkala bark petitions and gove land rights case (who also sings on the b-side). lingiari speaks the introduction, first in gurindji and then in english.[ ] from little things big things grow[edit] in , paul kelly and kev carmody recorded "from little things big things grow". the words to the first verse are: gather round people let me tell you a story an eight year-long story of power and pride british lord vestey and vincent lingiari were opposite men on opposite sides the words to the last verse are: that was the story of vincent lingiari but this is the story of something much more how power and privilege can not move a people who know where they stand and stand in the law. the song was added to the national film and sound archive's sounds of australia registry in .[ ] wave hill walk off[edit] irish folk musician damien dempsey's song "wave hill walk off", on his album no force on earth, commemorates the gurindji strike and the struggle for aboriginal land rights.[ ][ ] the words to the first verse are:[ ] in the year of lord jesus nineteen and sixty six, a great rumbling sound came from up in the sticks, all these gentle black warriors they dreamed of a bill, and enough was enough, so they walked off wave hill. the words to the last verse are:[ ] for nine hungry years they kept up their bold stand, and took off with and poured land into vincent's hand for indigenous land rights it was finally time, for to make reparations for a giant of a crime. freedom day[edit] in the gurindji language, the song set freedom day[ ] celebrates the walk-off and is performed by gurindji singers at the annual freedom day festival[ ] at kalkarindji. it is an example of wajarra, popular songs performed for fun and entertainment.[ ] see also[edit] 	organized labour portal 	native title in australia references[edit] 	^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r lawford, elliana; zillman, stephanie ( august ). "timeline: from wave hill protest to land handbacks". abc news. retrieved august . 	^ a b croft, brenda l. "still in my mind: gurindji location, experience and visuality" (pdf). an artback nt education resource. charles darwin university: . retrieved august . cite journal requires |journal= (help) 	^ "northern territory - history". encyclopedia britannica. retrieved august . 	^ a b c d e f g h i "gurindji strike for their land". deadly story. victoria government. retrieved august . 	^ payne, william labatt ( ). report of the board of inquiry appointed to inquire into the land and land industries of the northern territory of australia. canberra: government printer. pp.  pages. 	^ murdoch, lindsay ( july ). "stockmen mark long walk to freedom and land rights". the sydney morning herald. retrieved august . 	^ geoffrey gray ( ). "'we know the aborigines are dying out': aboriginal people and the quest to ensure their survival, wave hill station, ". health and history. australian and new zealand society of the history of medicine. ( ): – . doi: . /healthhist. . . . issn  - . pmid  – via jstor. 	^ a b c d e f petersen, paul ( ). "wave hill walk off: year anniversary" (pdf). maritime union of australia. queensland branch. retrieved august . cite journal requires |journal= (help) 	^ "aboriginals ordinance (legislation - northern territory)". find & connect. july . retrieved august . 	^ northern territory administration. welfare branch ( ). "annual report / " (pdf). retrieved august – via aiatsis. cite journal requires |journal= (help) 	^ regulations under the wards' employment ordinance - . 	^ ward, charlie ( august ). "an historic handful of dirt: whitlam and the legacy of the wave hill walk-off". the conversation. retrieved august . 	^ a b "northern territory council for aboriginal rights". national museum of australia. november . retrieved november . 	^ a b c d e f g "fifty years since the gurindji strike: unions and the fight for land rights". solidarity online. september . retrieved august . 	^ lingiari, vincent; hardy, frank ( march ). "vincent lingiari interviewed by frank hardy during the strike at wave hill station in the frank hardy ms collection" ( x audio tape). pp. approximately min. retrieved june . 	^ manguari, pincher; hardy, frank (march ). "pincher manguari interviewed by frank hardy in the frank hardy ms collection" (audio). nla.gov.au. pp.  audiocassette (approximately min.). 	^ "petition to lord casey, governor-general of australia from four gurindji spokesmen, april " (pdf). the national museum of australia. retrieved june . 	^ "governor-general's response to the gurindji petition, june " (pdf). the national museum of australia. retrieved june . 	^ handbook of the th parliament ( ) "part – referendums and plebiscites – referendum results". parliamentary library of australia. archived from the original on september . . 	^ "aborigines walk off jobs". the canberra times. australian capital territory: national library of australia. july . p.  . retrieved june . 	^ hardy, frank (francis joseph) ( ). the unlucky australians. nelson (australia). retrieved august . 	^ a b hope, zach ( august ). "vincent lingiari's vision left to rot and die". nt news. retrieved august . 	^ "milirrpum v nabalco pty ltd ( ) flr ". atns (agreements, treaties and negotiated settlements project). university of melbourne. retrieved august . 	^ a b fogarty, john; dwyer, jacinta ( ). "the first aboriginal land rights case". in sykes, helen (ed.). more or less: democracy & new media (pdf). future leaders. isbn  . retrieved august . 	^ "aatl: historical land right legislations flashcards". quizlet. october . retrieved august . 	^ rowse, tim; graham, trevor. "justice a.e.woodward". national film and sound archive. archived from the original on may . 	^ prime minister gough whitlam pours soil into hand of traditional landowner vincent lingiari, northern territory 	^ "aboriginal land rights (northern territory) act (cth)". documenting a democracy. museum of australian democracy. retrieved august . pdf of original version 	^ "the history of the central land council". central land council, australia. retrieved august . 	^ "daguragu station land claim". central land council, australia. november . retrieved august . 	^ "wave hill group prepares stolen wages claim". australian broadcasting corporation. december . retrieved december . 	^ "gurindji wave hill walk off route". heritage register. northern territory government. august . retrieved march . 	^ "wave hill walk off route, buchanan hwy (sic), kalkarindji, nt, australia - listing on the national heritage list (place id )". australian heritage database. department of the environment. august . retrieved september . 	^ "search results [wave hill]". australian government. department of agriculture, water and the environment. retrieved september . 	^ ward, charlie ( august ). "an historic handful of dirt: whitlam and the legacy of the wave hill walk-off". the conversation. article by the author of the book a handful of sand: the gurindji struggle, after the walk-off. 	^ gerritsen, rolf ( ). "a handful of sand: the gurindji struggle, after the walk-off, by charlie ward... book review" (pdf). aboriginal history. anu press. : – . 	^ "our communities: kalkarindji / daguragu". victoria daly region. retrieved august . 	^ a b c d wellington, shahni ( september ). "native title rights recognised over famous wave hill station". nitv. special broadcasting service. retrieved september . 	^ bardon, jane ( september ). "wave hill walk-off veterans recognised in 'particularly special' native title determination". abc news. australian broadcasting corporation. retrieved september . 	^ a b c singley, blake ( august ). "song for the gurindji". australian institute of aboriginal and torres strait islander studies. retrieved august . 	^ "gurindji blues". national museum of australia. march . retrieved august . 	^ "sounds of australia ". nfsa. retrieved august . 	^ gregory, helen ( march ). "damien dempsey: dublin's working class act". newcastle herald. retrieved august . 	^ a b c dempsey, damien ( april ). "damien dempsey - wave hill walk off" (video). youtube. retrieved august . 	^ "freedom day video - songs from the stations" (videos). sydney university press. october . retrieved august . 	^ "freedom day festival". freedom day festival. retrieved august . 	^ turpin, myfany, -. songs from the stations : wajarra as sung by ronnie wavehill wirrpnga, topsy dodd ngarnjal and dandy danbayarri at kalkaringi. meakins, felicity. sydney, nsw, australia. isbn  . oclc  .cs maint: multiple names: authors list (link) further reading[edit] 	attwood, bain ( ). "the articulation of 'land rights' in australia: the case of wave hill". social analysis: the international journal of social and cultural practice. ( ): – . jstor  . 	kelly, paul; carmody, kev. "the gurindji strike" (interview). interviewed by negus, george. archived from the original on november . 	"the lingiari story". lingiari foundation. archived from the original on may . 	snowdon, warren ( march ). "first speech as the member for lingiari". archived from the original on october . 	ward, charlie ( august ). 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statement 		 	 	 trail of tears - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	 	trail of tears 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 this is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on december . 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		forced relocation of the southeastern american tribes 	trail of tears 	part of indian removal 	the trail of tears memorial monuments at the new echota historic site in new echota, georgia, which honors the , cherokees who died on the trail of tears 	location	southeastern united states and indian territory 	attack type 	population transfer, ethnic cleansing, genocide 	deaths	cherokee ( , ) creek seminole ( , in second seminole war – – ) chickasaw ( , ) choctaw ( , – , ) ponca ( ) 	victims	five civilized tribes of cherokee, muscogee, seminole, chickasaw, choctaw, ponca and ho-chunk/winnebago nations 	perpetrators	u.s. federal government, u.s. army, state militias 	motive	acquisition of native american land east of the mississippi river. the trail of tears was a series of forced relocations of approximately , native americans between and by the united states government.[ ] members of the cherokee, muscogee (creek), seminole, chickasaw, and choctaw nations (including thousands of their black slaves[ ]) were forcibly removed from their ancestral homelands in the southeastern united states to areas to the west of the mississippi river that had been designated as 'indian territory'.[ ] the forced relocations were carried out by government authorities (state and local militias) after the passage of the indian removal act in .[ ] the cherokee removal in (the last forced removal east of the mississippi) was brought on by the discovery of gold near dahlonega, georgia in , resulting in the georgia gold rush.[ ] the relocated peoples suffered from exposure, disease, and starvation while en route to their newly designated reserve. thousands died before reaching their destinations or shortly after from disease.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] contents 	 historical context 	 . jackson's role 	 . terminology 	 legal background 	 choctaw removal 	 seminole resistance 	 creek dissolution 	 chickasaw monetary removal 	 cherokee forced relocation 	 . eastern cherokee restitution 	 statistics 	 landmarks and commemorations 	 . trail of tears outdoor historical drama, unto these hills 	 . commemorative medallion 	 . in literature and oral history 	 see also 	 references 	 bibliography 	 documents 	 documentary 	 external links historical context[edit] a map of the process of indian removal, – . oklahoma is depicted in light yellow-green. in , a group of indian tribes, collectively referred to as the "five civilized tribes" (the cherokee, chickasaw, choctaw, muscogee, and seminole tribes) were living as autonomous nations in what would be later termed the american deep south. the process of cultural transformation from their traditional way of life towards a white american way of life as proposed by george washington and henry knox was gaining momentum, especially among the cherokee and choctaw.[ ] american settlers had been pressuring the federal government to remove indians from the southeast; many settlers were encroaching on indian lands, while others wanted more land made available to the settlers. although the effort was vehemently opposed by some, including u.s. congressman davy crockett of tennessee, president andrew jackson was able to gain congressional passage of the indian removal act of , which authorized the government to extinguish any indian title to land claims in the southeast. in , the choctaw became the first nation to be removed, and their removal served as the model for all future relocations. after two wars, many seminoles were removed in . the creek removal followed in , the chickasaw in , and lastly the cherokee in .[ ] some managed to evade the removals, however, and remained in their ancestral homelands; some choctaw still reside in mississippi, creek in alabama and florida, cherokee in north carolina, and seminole in florida. a small group of seminole, fewer than , evaded forced removal; the modern seminole tribe of florida is descended from these individuals.[ ] a small number of non-native americans who lived with the tribes, including some of african descent (including over , slaves, and others as spouses or freedmen), also accompanied the indians on the trek westward.[ ] by , , indians from the southeastern states had been removed from their homelands, thereby opening  million acres ( ,  km ) for white settlement.[ ] prior to , the fixed boundaries of these autonomous tribal nations, comprising large areas of the united states, were subject to continual cession and annexation, in part due to pressure from squatters and the threat of military force in the newly declared u.s. territories—federally administered regions whose boundaries supervened upon the native treaty claims. as these territories became u.s. states, state governments sought to dissolve the boundaries of the indian nations within their borders, which were independent of state jurisdiction, and to expropriate the land therein. these pressures were exacerbated by u.s. population growth and the expansion of slavery in the south, with the rapid development of cotton cultivation in the uplands after the invention of the cotton gin by eli whitney.[ ] jackson's role[edit] andrew jackson's support for removal of native americans began at least a decade before his presidency.[ ] indian removal was jackson's top legislative priority upon taking office.[ ] the removals, conducted under both president jackson and van buren, followed the indian removal act of , which provided the president with powers to exchange land with native tribes and provide infrastructure improvements on the existing lands. the law also gave the president power to pay for transportation costs to the west, should tribes willingly choose to relocate. the law did not, however, allow the president to force tribes to move west without a mutually agreed-upon treaty.[ ] referring to the indian removal act, martin van buren, jackson's vice president and successor, is quoted as saying "there was no measure, in the whole course of [jackson's] administration, of which he was more exclusively the author than this."[ ] in the years after the act, the cherokee filed several lawsuits regarding conflicts with the state of georgia. some of these cases reached the supreme court, the most influential being worcester v. georgia ( ). samuel worcester and other non-indians were convicted by georgia law for residing in cherokee territory in the state of georgia without a license. worcester was sentenced to prison for four years and appealed the ruling, arguing that this sentence violated treaties made between indian nations and the united states federal government by imposing state laws on cherokee lands. the court ruled in worcester's favor, declaring that the cherokee nation was subject only to federal law and that the supremacy clause barred legislative interference by the state of georgia. chief justice marshall argued, "the cherokee nation, then, is a distinct community occupying its own territory in which the laws of georgia can have no force. the whole intercourse between the united states and this nation, is, by our constitution and laws, vested in the government of the united states."[ ] andrew jackson did not listen to the supreme court mandate barring georgia from intruding on cherokee lands. he feared that enforcement would lead to open warfare between federal troops and the georgia militia, which would compound the ongoing crisis in south carolina and lead to a broader civil war. instead, he vigorously negotiated a land exchange treaty with the cherokee.[ ] political opponents henry clay and john quincy adams, who supported the worcester decision, were outraged by jackson's refusal to uphold cherokee claims against the state of georgia.[ ] author and political activist ralph waldo emerson wrote an account of cherokee assimilation into the american culture, declaring his support of the worcester decision.[ ] jackson chose to continue with indian removal, and negotiated the treaty of new echota, on december , , which granted the cherokee two years to move to indian territory (modern-day oklahoma). only a fraction of the cherokees left voluntarily. the u.s. government, with assistance from state militias, forced most of the remaining cherokees west in .[ ] the cherokees were temporarily remanded in camps in eastern tennessee. in november, the cherokee were broken into groups of around , each and began the journey west. they endured heavy rains, snow, and freezing temperatures. when the cherokee negotiated the treaty of new echota, they exchanged all their land east of the mississippi for land in modern oklahoma and a $ million payment from the federal government. many cherokee felt betrayed that their leadership accepted the deal, and over , cherokee signed a petition to prevent the passage of the treaty. by the end of the decade in , tens of thousands of cherokee and other tribes had been removed from their land east of the mississippi river. the creek, choctaw, seminole, and chicksaw were also relocated under the indian removal act of . one choctaw leader portrayed the removal as "a trail of tears and deaths", a devastating event that removed most of the native population of the southeastern united states from their traditional homelands.[ ] terminology[edit] the latter forced relocations have sometimes been referred to as "death marches", in particular with reference to the cherokee march across the midwest in , which occurred on a predominantly land route.[ ] native americans who had the means initially provided for their own removal. contingents that were led by conductors from the u.s. army included those led by edward deas, who was claimed to be a sympathizer for the cherokee plight.[citation needed] the largest death toll from the cherokee forced relocation comes from the period after the may , deadline. this was at the point when the remaining cherokee were rounded into camps and pressed into oversized detachments, often over in size (larger than the populations of little rock or memphis at that time). communicable diseases spread quickly through these closely quartered groups, killing many. these contingents were among the last to move, but following the same routes the others had taken; the areas they were going through had been depleted of supplies due to the vast numbers that had gone before them. the marchers were subject to extortion and violence along the route. in addition, these final contingents were forced to set out during the hottest and coldest months of the year, killing many. exposure to the elements, disease and starvation, harassment by local frontiersmen, and insufficient rations similarly killed up to one-third of the choctaw and other nations on the march.[ ] there exists some debate among historians and the affected tribes as to whether the term "trail of tears" should be used to refer to the entire history of forced relocations from the united states east of the mississippi into indian territory (as was the stated u.s. policy), or to the five tribes described above, to the route of the land march specifically, or to specific marches in which the remaining holdouts from each area were rounded up. legal background[edit] 	 	this section needs additional citations for verification. please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (january ) (learn how and when to remove this template message) the territorial boundaries claimed as sovereign and controlled by the indian nations living in what were then known as the indian territories—the portion of the early united states west of the mississippi river not yet claimed or allotted to become oklahoma—were fixed and determined by national treaties with the united states federal government. these recognized the tribal governments as dependent but internally sovereign, or autonomous nations under the sole jurisdiction of the federal government. while retaining their tribal governance, which included a constitution or official council in tribes such as the iroquois and cherokee, many portions of the southeastern indian nations had become partially or completely economically integrated into the economy of the region. this included the plantation economy in states such as georgia, and the possession of slaves. these slaves were also forcibly relocated during the process of removal.[ ] under the history of u.s. treaty law, the territorial boundaries claimed by federally recognized tribes received the same status under which the southeastern tribal claims were recognized; until the following establishment of reservations of land, determined by the federal government, which were ceded to the remaining tribes by de jure treaty, in a process that often entailed forced relocation. the establishment of the indian territory and the extinguishment of indian land claims east of the mississippi anticipated the establishment of the u.s. indian reservation system. it was imposed on remaining indian lands later in the th century. the statutory argument for indian sovereignty persisted until the u.s. supreme court ruled in cherokee nation v. georgia ( ), that (e.g.) the cherokee were not a sovereign and independent nation, and therefore not entitled to a hearing before the court. however, in worcester v. georgia ( ), the court re-established limited internal sovereignty under the sole jurisdiction of the federal government, in a ruling that both opposed the subsequent forced relocation and set the basis for modern u.s. case law. while the latter ruling was defied by jackson,[ ] the actions of the jackson administration were not isolated because state and federal officials had violated treaties without consequence, often attributed to military exigency, as the members of individual indian nations were not automatically united states citizens and were rarely given standing in any u.s. court. jackson's involvement in what became known as the trail of tears shaped what occurred immensely: in a speech regarding indian removal, jackson said, it will separate the indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the states; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way and under their own rude institutions; will retard the progress of decay, which is lessening their numbers, and perhaps cause them gradually, under the protection of the government and through the influence of good counsels, to cast off their savage habits and become an interesting, civilized, and christian community. according to jackson, the move would be nothing but beneficial for all parties. his point of view garnered support from many americans, many of whom would benefit economically from the forced removals. this was compounded by the fact that while citizenship tests existed for indians living in newly annexed areas before and after forced relocation, individual u.s. states did not recognize tribal land claims, only individual title under state law, and distinguished between the rights of white and non-white citizens, who often had limited standing in court; and indian removal was carried out under u.s. military jurisdiction, often by state militias. as a result, individual indians who could prove u.s. citizenship were nevertheless displaced from newly annexed areas.[ ] the military actions and subsequent treaties enacted by jackson's and martin van buren's administrations pursuant to the law, which tennessee congressman davy crockett had unsuccessfully voted against,[ ] are widely considered to have directly caused the expulsion or death of a substantial part of the indian population then living in the southeastern united states. choctaw removal[edit] main article: choctaw trail of tears george w. harkins, choctaw chief. the choctaw nation resided in large portions of what are now the u.s. states of alabama, mississippi, and louisiana. after a series of treaties starting in , the choctaw nation was reduced to , , acres ( ,  km ). the treaty of dancing rabbit creek ceded the remaining country to the united states and was ratified in early . the removals were only agreed to after a provision in the treaty of dancing rabbit creek allowed some choctaw to remain. the chief of the choctaw tribe, george w. harkins, wrote to the citizens of the united states before the removals were to commence: it is with considerable diffidence that i attempt to address the american people, knowing and feeling sensibly my incompetency; and believing that your highly and well improved minds would not be well entertained by the address of a choctaw. but having determined to emigrate west of the mississippi river this fall, i have thought proper in bidding you farewell to make a few remarks expressive of my views, and the feelings that actuate me on the subject of our removal.... we as choctaws rather chose to suffer and be free, than live under the degrading influence of laws, which our voice could not be heard in their formation. — george w. harkins, george w. harkins to the american people[ ] united states secretary of war lewis cass appointed george gaines to manage the removals. gaines decided to remove choctaws in three phases starting in and ending in . the first was to begin on november , with groups meeting at memphis and vicksburg. a harsh winter would batter the emigrants with flash floods, sleet, and snow. initially the choctaws were to be transported by wagon but floods halted them. with food running out, the residents of vicksburg and memphis were concerned. five steamboats (the walter scott, the brandywine, the reindeer, the talma, and the cleopatra) would ferry choctaws to their river-based destinations. the memphis group traveled up the arkansas for about miles (  km) to arkansas post. there the temperature stayed below freezing for almost a week with the rivers clogged with ice, so there could be no travel for weeks. food rationing consisted of a handful of boiled corn, one turnip, and two cups of heated water per day. forty government wagons were sent to arkansas post to transport them to little rock. when they reached little rock, a choctaw chief referred to their trek as a "trail of tears and death".[ ] the vicksburg group was led by an incompetent guide and was lost in the lake providence swamps. alexis de tocqueville, french political thinker and historian alexis de tocqueville, the french philosopher, witnessed the choctaw removals while in memphis, tennessee in : in the whole scene there was an air of ruin and destruction, something which betrayed a final and irrevocable adieu; one couldn't watch without feeling one's heart wrung. the indians were tranquil, but sombre and taciturn. there was one who could speak english and of whom i asked why the chactas were leaving their country. "to be free," he answered, could never get any other reason out of him. we ... watch the expulsion ... of one of the most celebrated and ancient american peoples. — alexis de tocqueville, democracy in america[ ] nearly , choctaws made the move to what would be called indian territory and then later oklahoma.[ ] about , – , died along the trail of tears. approximately , – , choctaws remained in mississippi in after the initial removal efforts.[ ][ ] the choctaws who chose to remain in newly formed mississippi were subject to legal conflict, harassment, and intimidation. the choctaws "have had our habitations torn down and burned, our fences destroyed, cattle turned into our fields and we ourselves have been scourged, manacled, fettered and otherwise personally abused, until by such treatment some of our best men have died".[ ] the choctaws in mississippi were later reformed as the mississippi band of choctaw indians and the removed choctaws became the choctaw nation of oklahoma. the choctaws were the first to sign a removal treaty presented by the federal government. president andrew jackson wanted strong negotiations with the choctaws in mississippi, and the choctaws seemed much more cooperative than andrew jackson had imagined. when commissioners and choctaws came to negotiation agreements it was said the united states would bear the expense of moving their homes and that they had to be removed within two and a half years of the signed treaty.[ ] seminole resistance[edit] main article: seminole wars the u.s. acquired florida from spain via the adams–onís treaty and took possession in . in the seminoles were called to a meeting at payne's landing on the ocklawaha river. the treaty of payne's landing called for the seminoles to move west, if the land were found to be suitable. they were to be settled on the creek reservation and become part of the creek tribe, who considered them deserters[full citation needed]; some of the seminoles had been derived from creek bands but also from other tribes. those among the tribe who once were members of creek bands did not wish to move west to where they were certain that they would meet death for leaving the main band of creek indians. the delegation of seven chiefs who were to inspect the new reservation did not leave florida until october . after touring the area for several months and conferring with the creeks who had already settled there, the seven chiefs signed a statement on march , that the new land was acceptable. upon their return to florida, however, most of the chiefs renounced the statement, claiming that they had not signed it, or that they had been forced to sign it, and in any case, that they did not have the power to decide for all the tribes and bands that resided on the reservation. the villages in the area of the apalachicola river were more easily persuaded, however, and went west in .[ ] on december , a group of seminoles and blacks ambushed a u.s. army company marching from fort brooke in tampa to fort king in ocala, killing all but three of the army troops. this came to be known as the dade massacre. seminole warrior tuko-see-mathla, as the realization that the seminoles would resist relocation sank in, florida began preparing for war. the st. augustine militia asked the war department for the loan of muskets. five hundred volunteers were mobilized under brig. gen. richard k. call. indian war parties raided farms and settlements, and families fled to forts, large towns, or out of the territory altogether. a war party led by osceola captured a florida militia supply train, killing eight of its guards and wounding six others. most of the goods taken were recovered by the militia in another fight a few days later. sugar plantations along the atlantic coast south of st. augustine were destroyed, with many of the slaves on the plantations joining the seminoles.[ ] other warchiefs such as halleck tustenuggee, jumper, and black seminoles abraham and john horse continued the seminole resistance against the army. the war ended, after a full decade of fighting, in . the u.s. government is estimated to have spent about $ , , on the war, at the time an astronomical sum, and equal to $ , , today. many indians were forcibly exiled to creek lands west of the mississippi; others retreated into the everglades. in the end, the government gave up trying to subjugate the seminole in their everglades redoubts and left fewer than seminoles in peace. other scholars state that at least several hundred seminoles remained in the everglades after the seminole wars.[ ] as a result of the seminole wars, the surviving seminole band of the everglades claims to be the only federally recognized tribe which never relinquished sovereignty or signed a peace treaty with the united states. in general the american people tended to view the indian resistance as unwarranted. an article published by the virginia enquirer on january , , called the "hostilities of the seminoles", assigned all the blame for the violence that came from the seminole's resistance to the seminoles themselves. the article accuses the indians of not staying true to their word—the promises they supposedly made in the treaties and negotiations from the indian removal act.[ ] creek dissolution[edit] main article: muscogee selocta (or shelocta) was a muscogee chief who appealed to andrew jackson to reduce the demands for creek lands at the signing of the treaty of fort jackson. after the war of , some muscogee leaders such as william mcintosh signed treaties that ceded more land to georgia. the signing of the treaty of fort jackson signaled the end for the creek nation and for all indians in the south.[ ] friendly creek leaders, like selocta and big warrior, addressed sharp knife (the indian nickname for andrew jackson) and reminded him that they keep the peace. nevertheless, jackson retorted that they did not "cut (tecumseh's) throat" when they had the chance, so they must now cede creek lands. jackson also ignored article of the treaty of ghent that restored sovereignty to indians and their nations. jackson opened this first peace session by faintly acknowledging the help of the friendly creeks. that done, he turned to the red sticks and admonished them for listening to evil counsel. for their crime, he said, the entire creek nation must pay. he demanded the equivalent of all expenses incurred by the united states in prosecuting the war, which by his calculation came to , , acres ( ,  km ) of land. — robert v. remini, andrew jackson[ ] eventually, the creek confederacy enacted a law that made further land cessions a capital offense. nevertheless, on february , , mcintosh and other chiefs signed the treaty of indian springs, which gave up most of the remaining creek lands in georgia.[ ] after the u.s. senate ratified the treaty, mcintosh was assassinated on april , , by creeks led by menawa. the creek national council, led by opothle yohola, protested to the united states that the treaty of indian springs was fraudulent. president john quincy adams was sympathetic, and eventually the treaty was nullified in a new agreement, the treaty of washington ( ).[ ] the historian r. douglas hurt wrote: "the creeks had accomplished what no indian nation had ever done or would do again — achieve the annulment of a ratified treaty."[ ] however, governor george troup of georgia ignored the new treaty and began to forcibly remove the indians under the terms of the earlier treaty. at first, president adams attempted to intervene with federal troops, but troup called out the militia, and adams, fearful of a civil war, conceded. as he explained to his intimates, "the indians are not worth going to war over." although the creeks had been forced from georgia, with many lower creeks moving to the indian territory, there were still about , upper creeks living in alabama. however, the state moved to abolish tribal governments and extend state laws over the creeks. opothle yohola appealed to the administration of president andrew jackson for protection from alabama; when none was forthcoming, the treaty of cusseta was signed on march , , which divided up creek lands into individual allotments.[ ] creeks could either sell their allotments and receive funds to remove to the west, or stay in alabama and submit to state laws. the creeks were never given a fair chance to comply with the terms of the treaty, however. rampant illegal settlement of their lands by americans continued unabated with federal and state authorities unable or unwilling to do much to halt it. further, as recently detailed by historian billy winn in his thorough chronicle of the events leading to removal, a variety of fraudulent schemes designed to cheat the creeks out of their allotments, many of them organized by speculators operating out of columbus, georgia and montgomery, alabama, were perpetrated after the signing of the treaty of cusseta.[ ] a portion of the beleaguered creeks, many desperately poor and feeling abused and oppressed by their american neighbors, struck back by carrying out occasional raids on area farms and committing other isolated acts of violence. escalating tensions erupted into open war with the united states after the destruction of the village of roanoke, georgia, located along the chattahoochee river on the boundary between creek and american territory, in may . during the so-called "creek war of " secretary of war lewis cass dispatched general winfield scott to end the violence by forcibly removing the creeks to the indian territory west of the mississippi river. with the indian removal act of it continued into and after as in over , creeks were driven from their land for the last time. , of those , creeks did not survive the trip to oklahoma where they eventually settled.[ ] chickasaw monetary removal[edit] see also: chickasaw historic marker in marion, arkansas, for the trail of tears play media fragment of the trail of tears still intact at village creek state park, arkansas ( ) the chickasaw received financial compensation from the united states for their lands east of the mississippi river. in , the chickasaws had reached an agreement to purchase land from the previously removed choctaws after a bitter five-year debate. they paid the choctaws $ , (equal to $ , , today) for the westernmost part of the choctaw land. the first group of chickasaws moved in and was led by john m. millard. the chickasaws gathered at memphis on july , , with all of their assets—belongings, livestock, and slaves. once across the mississippi river, they followed routes previously established by the choctaws and the creeks. once in indian territory, the chickasaws merged with the choctaw nation. cherokee forced relocation[edit] main article: cherokee removal cherokee principal chief john ross, photographed before his death in by , about , cherokee had voluntarily relocated from georgia to indian territory (present day oklahoma). forcible removals began in may when general winfield scott received a final order from president martin van buren to relocate the remaining cherokees.[ ] approximately , cherokees died in the ensuing trek to oklahoma.[ ] in the cherokee language, the event is called nu na da ul tsun yi ("the place where they cried") or nu na hi du na tlo hi lu i (the trail where they cried). the cherokee trail of tears resulted from the enforcement of the treaty of new echota, an agreement signed under the provisions of the indian removal act of , which exchanged indian land in the east for lands west of the mississippi river, but which was never accepted by the elected tribal leadership or a majority of the cherokee people.[ ] the sparsely inhabited cherokee lands were highly attractive to georgian farmers experiencing population pressure, and illegal settlements resulted. long-simmering tensions between georgia and the cherokee nation were brought to a crisis by the discovery of gold near dahlonega, georgia, in , resulting in the georgia gold rush, the second gold rush in u.s. history. hopeful gold speculators began trespassing on cherokee lands, and pressure mounted to fulfill the compact of in which the us government promised to extinguish indian land claims in the state of georgia. when georgia moved to extend state laws over cherokee lands in , the matter went to the u.s. supreme court. in cherokee nation v. georgia ( ), the marshall court ruled that the cherokee nation was not a sovereign and independent nation, and therefore refused to hear the case. however, in worcester v. georgia ( ), the court ruled that georgia could not impose laws in cherokee territory, since only the national government — not state governments — had authority in indian affairs. worcester v georgia is associated with andrew jackson's famous, though apocryphal, quote "john marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it!" in reality, this quote did not appear until years after the incident and was first printed in a textbook authored by jackson critic horace greeley.[ ] elizabeth "betsy" brown stephens ( ), a cherokee indian who walked the trail of tears in fearing open warfare between federal troops and the georgia militia, jackson decided not to enforce cherokee claims against the state of georgia. he was already embroiled in a constitutional crisis with south carolina (i.e. the nullification crisis) and favored cherokee relocation over civil war.[ ] with the indian removal act of , the u.s. congress had given jackson authority to negotiate removal treaties, exchanging indian land in the east for land west of the mississippi river. jackson used the dispute with georgia to put pressure on the cherokees to sign a removal treaty.[ ] the final treaty, passed in congress by a single vote, and signed by president andrew jackson, was imposed by his successor president martin van buren. van buren allowed georgia, tennessee, north carolina, and alabama an armed force of , militiamen, army regulars, and volunteers under general winfield scott to relocate about , cherokees to cleveland, tennessee. after the initial roundup, the u.s. military oversaw the emigration to oklahoma. former cherokee lands were immediately opened to settlement. most of the deaths during the journey were caused by disease, malnutrition, and exposure during an unusually cold winter.[ ] in the winter of the cherokee began the , -mile ( ,  km) march with scant clothing and most on foot without shoes or moccasins. the march began in red clay, tennessee, the location of the last eastern capital of the cherokee nation. because of the diseases, the indians were not allowed to go into any towns or villages along the way; many times this meant traveling much farther to go around them.[ ] after crossing tennessee and kentucky, they arrived at the ohio river across from golconda in southern illinois about the rd of december . here the starving indians were charged a dollar a head (equal to $ . today) to cross the river on "berry's ferry" which typically charged twelve cents, equal to $ . today. they were not allowed passage until the ferry had serviced all others wishing to cross and were forced to take shelter under "mantle rock", a shelter bluff on the kentucky side, until "berry had nothing better to do". many died huddled together at mantle rock waiting to cross. several cherokee were murdered by locals. the cherokee filed a lawsuit against the u.s. government through the courthouse in vienna, suing the government for $ a head (equal to $ . today) to bury the murdered cherokee.[ ] as they crossed southern illinois, on december , martin davis, commissary agent for moses daniel's detachment, wrote: there is the coldest weather in illinois i ever experienced anywhere. the streams are all frozen over something like or inches [ or  cm] thick. we are compelled to cut through the ice to get water for ourselves and animals. it snows here every two or three days at the fartherest. we are now camped in mississippi [river] swamp miles (  km) from the river, and there is no possible chance of crossing the river for the numerous quantity of ice that comes floating down the river every day. we have only traveled miles (  km) on the last month, including the time spent at this place, which has been about three weeks. it is unknown when we shall cross the river....[ ] a volunteer soldier from georgia who participated in the removal recounted: i fought through the civil war and have seen men shot to pieces and slaughtered by thousands, but the cherokee removal was the cruelest work i ever knew.[ ] a trail of tears map of southern illinois from the usda – u.s. forest service it eventually took almost three months to cross the miles ( kilometres) on land between the ohio and mississippi rivers.[ ] the trek through southern illinois is where the cherokee suffered most of their deaths. however a few years before forced removal, some cherokee who opted to leave their homes voluntarily chose a water-based route through the tennessee, ohio and mississippi rivers. it took only days, but the cherokee who were forcibly relocated were wary of water travel.[ ] removed cherokees initially settled near tahlequah, oklahoma. when signing the treaty of new echota in major ridge said "i have signed my death warrant." the resulting political turmoil led to the killings of major ridge, john ridge, and elias boudinot; of the leaders of the treaty party, only stand watie escaped death.[ ] the population of the cherokee nation eventually rebounded, and today the cherokees are the largest american indian group in the united states.[ ] there were some exceptions to removal. approximately cherokees evaded the u.s. soldiers and lived off the land in georgia and other states. those cherokees who lived on private, individually owned lands (rather than communally owned tribal land) were not subject to removal. in north carolina, about cherokees, sometimes referred to as the oconaluftee cherokee due to their settlement near to the river of the same name, lived on land in the great smoky mountains owned by a white man named william holland thomas (who had been adopted by cherokees as a boy), and were thus not subject to removal. added to this were some cherokee from the nantahala area allowed to stay in the qualla boundary after assisting the u.s. army in hunting down and capturing the family of the old prophet, tsali (who faced a firing squad after capture). these north carolina cherokees became the eastern band of the cherokee nation. a local newspaper, the highland messenger, said july , , “that between nine hundred and a thousand of these deluded beings … are still hovering about the homes of their fathers, in the counties of macon and cherokee" and "that they are a great annoyance to the citizens" who wanted to buy land there believing the cherokee were gone; the newspaper reported that president martin van buren said "they … are, in his opinion, free to go or stay.’ [ ] eastern cherokee restitution[edit] the united states court of claims ruled in favor of the eastern cherokee tribe's claim against the u.s. on may , . this resulted in the appropriation of $ million (equal to $ , , . today) to the tribe's eligible individuals and families. interior department employee guion miller created a list using several rolls and applications to verify tribal enrollment for the distribution of funds, known as the guion miller roll. the applications received documented over , individuals; the court approved more than , individuals to share in the funds.[ ][page needed] statistics[edit] 	nation 	population east of the mississippi before removal treaty 	removal treaty & year signed 	years of major emigration 	total number emigrated or forcibly removed 	number stayed in southeast 	deaths during removal 	deaths from warfare 	choctaw 	 , [ ] + white citizens of the choctaw nation + black slaves 	dancing rabbit creek ( ) 	 – 	 , 	 , [ ] 	 , – , + (cholera) 	none 	creek 	 , + black slaves[ ] 	cusseta ( ) 	 – 	 , [ ] 	 s 	 , (disease after removal)[ ] 	? (second creek war) 	chickasaw 	 , + , black slaves 	pontotoc creek ( ) 	 – 	over , 	 s 	 – 	none 	cherokee 	 , + , black slaves 	new echota ( ) 	 – 	 , + , slaves 	 , 	 , – , [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 	seminole 	 , + fugitive slaves 	payne's landing ( ) 	 – 	 , [ ] 	 [ ] [ ][ ] 	 (second seminole war) 	 landmarks and commemorations[edit] map of national historic trails in , about , miles ( ,  km) of trails were authorized by federal law to mark the removal of detachments of the cherokee people.[ ] called the "trail of tears national historic trail", it traverses portions of nine states and includes land and water routes.[ ] trail of tears outdoor historical drama, unto these hills[edit] a historical drama based on the trail of tears, unto these hills written by kermit hunter, has sold over five million tickets for its performances since its opening on july , , both touring and at the outdoor mountainside theater of the cherokee historical association in cherokee, north carolina.[ ][ ] commemorative medallion[edit] cherokee artist troy anderson was commissioned to design the cherokee trail of tears sesquicentennial commemorative medallion. the falling-tear medallion shows a seven-pointed star, the symbol of the seven clans of the cherokees.[ ] in literature and oral history[edit] 	family stories from the trail of tears is a collection edited by lorrie montiero and transcribed by grant foreman, taken from the indian-pioneer history collection[ ] 	walking the trail ( ) is a book by jerry ellis describing his -mile walk retracing of the trail of tears in reverse see also[edit] 	ethnic cleansing and forced migration, modern terms for the forced relocation of an ethnic group 	hopkinsville, kentucky 	long walk of the navajo, a later forced removal 	california genocide 	 great plains smallpox epidemic 	comanche campaign 	yavapai wars 	northern cheyenne exodus 	native american slaves 	population transfer 	potawatomi trail of death 	timeline of cherokee removal references[edit] 	^ a b minges, patrick ( ). "beneath the underdog: race, religion, and the trail of tears". us data repository. archived from the original on october , . retrieved january , . 	^ smith, ryan p. "how native american slaveholders complicate the trail of tears narrative". smithsonian magazine. retrieved - - . 	^ "indian removal". pbs. archived from the original on april , . retrieved october , . 	^ inskeep, steve ( ). jacksonland: president jackson, cherokee chief john ross, and a great american land grab. new york: penguin press. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . 	^ a b stannard , p.  . sfn error: no target: citerefstannard (help) 	^ a b thornton, russell ( ). "the demography of the trail of tears period: a new estimate of cherokee population losses". in william l. anderson (ed.). cherokee removal: before and after. pp.  – . 	^ a b curtis, nancy c. ( ). black heritage sites. united states: ala editions. p.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ a b prucha, francis paul ( - - ). the great father: the united states government and the american indians. u of nebraska press. pp.  note . isbn  . 	^ a b ehle, john ( - - ). trail of tears: the rise and fall of the cherokee nation. knopf doubleday publishing group. pp.  – . isbn  . 	^ a b carter, samuel ( ). cherokee sunset: a nation betrayed : a narrative of travail and triumph, persecution and exile. doubleday. pp.  . isbn  . 	^ "trail of tears - native american history - history.com". history.com. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ "a brief history of the trail of tears". www.cherokee.org. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ "the trail of tears". pbs. archived from the original on june , . retrieved october , . 	^ perdue, theda ( ). "chapter 'both white and red'". mixed blood indians: racial construction in the early south. the university of georgia press. p.  . isbn  - - -x. 	^ a b c "indian removal - ". pbs. archived from the original on april , . retrieved october , . 	^ the new history of florida. gannon, michael, - . gainesville, fl: university press of florida. . pp.  – . isbn  . oclc  .cs maint: others (link) 	^ a b c d jahoda, gloria ( ). trail of tears: the story of the american indian removal - . wings books. isbn  - - - - . 	^ wallace, anthony ( ). the long, bitter trail: andrew jackson and the indians. isbn  . 	^ a b howe, daniel walker ( ). what hath god wrought: the transformation of america, - . isbn  . 	^ morris, michael ( ). "georgia and the conversation over indian removal". georgia historical quarterly. ( ): – . archived from the original on february , . retrieved february , . 	^ coates, julia. trail of tears. "worcester v. georgia". oyez. archived from the original on january , . retrieved february , . 	^ a b c miles, edwin a (november ). "after john marshall's decision: worcester v georgia and the nullification crisis". the journal of southern history. ( ): – . doi: . / . jstor  . 	^ cave, alfred a. (winter ). "abuse of power: andrew jackson and the indian removal act of ". the historian. ( ): – . doi: . /j. - . . .x. jstor  . s cid  . 	^ frey, rebecca joyce ( ). genocide and international justice. infobase publishing. pp.  – . isbn  - . retrieved december , . emerson, ralph waldo. "letter to martin van buren president of the united states ". www.cherokee.org/. archived from the original on june , . retrieved june , . 	^ river, charles. the trail of tears: forced removal of five civilized tribes. 	^ a b c "trail of tears". history channel. archived from the original on december , . retrieved december , . 	^ a b baird, david ( ). "the choctaws meet the americans, to ". the choctaw people. united states: indian tribal series. p.  . asin b ciigtw. 	^ gilbert, joan ( ). "the cherokee home in the east". the trail of tears across missouri. university of missouri press. p.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ groneman , p.  . sfn error: no target: citerefgroneman (help) 	^ harkins, george ( ). " - december - george w. harkins to the american people". archived from the original on may , . retrieved april , . 	^ sandra faiman-silva ( ). choctaws at the crossroads. university of nebraska press. p.  . isbn  - . 	^ de tocqueville, alexis ( – ). "tocqueville and beaumont on race". archived from the original on may , . retrieved april , . 	^ satz, ronald ( ). "the mississippi choctaw: from the removal treaty of the federal agency". in samuel j. wells and roseanna tuby (ed.). after removal: the choctaw in mississippi. university press of mississippi. p.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ a b walter, williams ( ). "three efforts at development among the choctaws of mississippi". southeastern indians: since the removal era. athens, georgia: university of georgia press. 	^ davis, ethan. "an administrative trail of tears: indian removal". american journal of legal history , no. ( ): – . accessed december , . davis, ethan ( ). "an administrative trail of tears: indian removal". the american journal of legal history. ( ): – . doi: . /ajlh/ . . . jstor  . 	^ missall. pp. - . 	^ missall. pp. – . 	^ covington, james w. . the seminoles of florida. gainesville, florida: university press of florida. isbn  - - - . pp. – . morris, theodore. . florida's lost tribes. universities press of florida state universities, p. prucha, francis paul. the great father: the united states government and the american indians. volume i. lincoln, nebraska: university of nebraska press, . isbn  - - - . 	^ "hostilities of the seminoles". enquirer [richmond, virginia] jan. : n. pag. print. 	^ a b remini, robert ( ) [ ]. "the creek war: victory". andrew jackson: the course of american empire, – . vol. . johns hopkins university press. isbn  . 	^ oklahoma state university library. "indian affairs: laws and treaties. vol. , treaties". digital.library.okstate.edu. archived from the original on january , . retrieved january , . 	^ indian affairs: laws and treaties. vol. , treaties. oklahoma state university library. archived from the original on september , . retrieved october , . 	^ hurt, r. douglas ( ). the indian frontier, – (histories of the american frontier). albuquerque: university of new mexico press. p.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ oklahoma state university library. "indian affairs: laws and treaties. vol. , treaties". digital.library.okstate.edu. archived from the original on january , . retrieved january , . 	^ winn, william w. the triumph of the ecunnau-nuxulgee: land speculators, george m. troup, state rights, and the removal of the creek indians from georgia and alabama, – . macon: mercer university press, . . 	^ "a brief history of the trail of tears". www.cherokee.org. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ hill, sarah h. ( ). "'to overawe the indians and give confidence to the whites': preparations for the removal of the cherokee nation from georgia". georgia historical quarterly. ( ): – . archived from the original on february , . retrieved february , . 	^ remini, andrew jackson, p. , prucha, great father, p. . 	^ james mooney. myths of the cherokee and sacred formulas of the cherokees. p.  . 	^ a b illinois general assembly - hjr . 	^ adams, mattie lorraine. family tree of daniel and rachel davis. duluth, georgia: claxton printing company, . 	^ mooney, james ( ). historical sketch of the cherokee. aldine transaction. p.  . isbn  . 	^ "the trail of tears in southern illinois" (pdf). us forest service. archived (pdf) from the original on september , . retrieved april , . 	^ rush, linda (november , ). "the cherokee nation in southern illinois". the southern illinoisan. archived from the original on december , . retrieved april , . 	^ corlew, robert ewing ( ). tennessee: a short history. university of tennessee press. p.  . isbn  - - - . eastern band of the cherokee indians. "cherokee heritage trails". museum of the cherokee indian. archived from the original on november , . retrieved august , . hooper, ed. "chief john ross". tennessee history magazine. archived from the original on may , . retrieved august , . 	^ "top american indian tribes for the united states: and ". u.s. bureau of the census. august . archived from the original on november , . 	^ rob neufeld ( - - ). "visiting our past: in frontier days, asheville forged a high culture enclave". asheville citizen-times. retrieved - - . 	^ miller, guion (march ). the guion miller roll: index to the applications submitted for the cherokee roll. isbn  - . 	^ grant foreman ( ). indian removal: the emigration of the five civilized tribes of indians. university of oklahoma press. pp.  , note ( census). isbn  - - - - . 	^ several thousand more emigrated west from – ; foreman, pp. – . 	^ foreman, p. ( census). 	^ remini , p. . 	^ russell thornton ( june ). "the demography of the trail of tears period: a new estimate of cherokee population losses". in william l. anderson (ed.). cherokee removal: before and after. university of georgia press. p.  . isbn  - - - - . 	^ a b francis paul prucha ( january ). the great father: the united states government and the american indians. u of nebraska press. p.  . isbn  - - - . 	^ anthony wallace; eric foner (july ). the long, bitter trail: andrew jackson and the indians. farrar, straus and giroux. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . 	^ francis paul prucha ( ). the great father: the united states government and the american indians. university of nebraska press. pp.  note . isbn  - - - . retrieved february . john ehle ( ). trials of tears: the rise and fall of the cherokee nation. anchor books. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . retrieved february . william l. anderson ( ). cherokee removal: before and after. university of georgia press. pp.  – . isbn  - - - - . retrieved february . 	^ "trail of tears: history & culture". national park service. archived from the original on february , . retrieved july , . 	^ "geographic resources division". national park service. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ "unto these hills drama - cherokee historical association". www.cherokeehistorical.org. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ "cherokee ancestry". www.aboutcherokee.com. archived from the original on october , . retrieved october , . 	^ "cherokees to mark anniversary of "trail of tears" to oklahoma". news ok. archived from the original on april , . retrieved march , . 	^ montiero, lorrie & foreman, grant (transcriber). family stories from the trail of tears. american native press archives and sequoyah research center. archived from the original on july , .cs maint: uses authors parameter (link) bibliography[edit] 	anderson, william, ed. ( ). cherokee removal: before and after. athens, georgia: university of georgia press. isbn  - - - - . 	bealer, alex w. ( ) [ ]. only the names remain: the cherokees and the trail of tears. boston, massachusetts: little, brown. isbn  - - - - . 	carter, samuel ( ). cherokee sunset: a nation betrayed. new york: doubleday. isbn  - - - . 	ehle, john ( ) [ ]. trail of tears: the rise and fall of the cherokee nation. new york: anchor books. isbn  - - - . 	fitzgerald, david; king, duane ( ). the cherokee trail of tears. portland, oregon: graphic arts books. isbn  - - - - . 	foreman, grant ( ) [ ]. indian removal: the emigration of the five civilized tribes of indians ( ed.). norman, oklahoma: university of oklahoma press. isbn  - - - . 	gregg, matthew t. and david m. wishart. "the price of cherokee removal". explorations in economic history volume , issue , october , pages – 	jahoda, gloria ( ) [ ]. trail of tears: the story of the american indian removal – . henry holt & co. isbn  - - - - . 	mooney, james ( ) [ ]. king, duane (ed.). myths of the cherokee. new york: barnes & noble. isbn  - - - - . 	perdue, theda; green, michael ( ) [ ]. the cherokee nation and the trail of tears. new york: penguin books. isbn  - - - - . 	prucha, francis ( ). the great father: the united states government and the american indians. lincoln, nebraska: nebraska press. isbn  - - - . 	remini, robert ( ). andrew jackson and his indian wars. new york: viking. isbn  - - - . 	wallace, anthony ( ). the long, bitter trail: andrew jackson and the indians (hardback ed.). new york: hill and wang. isbn  - - - . 	wilson, james ( ). the earth shall weep: a history of native america. new york: grove press. isbn  - - - - . 	winn, william w. ( ). the triumph of the ecunnau-nuxulgee: land speculators, george m. troup, state rights, and the removal of the creek indians from georgia and alabama, - . macon: mercer university press. . documents[edit] 	u.s. senate (april – , ). cherokee indian removal debate. archived from the original on february , . 	scott, winfield (may , ). winfield scott's address to the cherokee nation. archived from the original on october , . 	gen. winfield scott's order to u.s. troops assigned to the cherokee removal. cherokee agency. may , . archived from the original on december , . documentary[edit] 	the trail of tears: cherokee legacy ( ) – directed by chip richie; narrated by james earl jones external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to trail of tears. 		wikimedia commons has media related to detailed trail of tears pdf-map. 		wikisource has original text related to this article: appeal of the cherokee nation 		wikivoyage has a travel guide for trail of tears. 	trail of tears list - a report to the u.s. senate 	remote sensing technology to understanding the choctaw removals 	trail of tears national historic trail (u.s. national park service) 	trail of tears association 	the north little rock site: interpretive contexts chickasaw 	seminole tribe of florida history: indian resistance and removal 	muscogee (creek) removal 	cherokee heritage documentation center 	cherokee nation cultural resource center 	trail of tears - the dream we dreamed 	cherokee indian removal, encyclopedia of alabama 	the trail of tears and the forced relocation of the cherokee nation, a national park service teaching with historic places (twhp) lesson plan 	trail of tears roll, access genealogy 	maps of north america and the trail of tears (omniatlas.com) 	trail of tears historical marker 		v 	t 	e indian removal 	battles and military incidents (chronologically)	 	battle of burnt corn ( ) 	fort mims massacre ( ) 	battle of horseshoe bend ( ) 	battle of negro fort ( ) 	battle of fowltown ( ) 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	miccosukee 	tampa 	languages	 	afro-seminole creole 	mikasuki language 	muscogee language 	culture	 	ah-tah-thi-ki museum 	alligator wrestling 	black seminoles 	mascogos 	chickee 	fastachee 	four mothers society 	green corn ceremony 	seminole music 	stomp dance 	history	 	indigenous people of the everglades region 	seminole wars 	trail of tears 	green corn rebellion 	politics and law	 	list of chiefs 	oklahoma tax commission v. united states 	seminole nation v. united states 	 	v 	t 	e cherokee 	tribes	 	cherokee nation 	eastern band 	united keetoowah band 	culture	 	society 	national holiday 	calendar 	clans 	gadugi 	green corn ceremony 	language 	history 	syllabary 	cherokee (unicode block) 	cherokee immersion school 	new kituwah academy 	marbles 	spiritual beliefs 	moon-eyed people 	ethnobotany 	black drink 	stomp dance 	booger dance 	flag of the cherokee nation 	legends	 	ani hyuntikwalaski 	deer woman 	horned serpent 	moon-eyed people 	nun'yunu'wi 	nûñnë'hï 	kâ'lanû ahkyeli'skï 	u'tlun'ta 	tsul 'kalu 	history	 	history 	timeline 	military 	treaties 	kituwa 	ani-kutani 	skiagusta (rank) 	outacite (rank) 	raven of chota 	wars 	tribal wars 	battle of taliwa 	anglo-cherokee war 	siege of fort loudoun 	battle of echoee 	cherokee war of 	cherokee–american wars 	battle of hightower 	battle of lindley's fort 	nickajack expedition 	american civil war 	 st cherokee mounted rifles 	cherokee treaties 	treaty of new echota 	treaty of tellico 	treaty of turkeytown 	treaty of dewitt's corner 	treaty of hard labour 	treaty of lochaber 	treaty of hopewell 	treaty of holston 	jackson and mcminn treaty 	transylvania purchase 	chickamauga cherokee 	overhill cherokee 	cherokee phoenix 	cherokee nation ( – ) 	removal 	trail of tears 	indian removal act 	cultural citizenship 	cherokee descent 	jacob brown grant deeds 	texas cherokees 	organizations	 	heritage center 	cherokee preservation foundation 	warriors society 	original keetoowah society 	keetoowah nighthawk society 	youth choir 	heritage groups 	cherokee southwest township 	oconaluftee indian village 	unto these hills 	education 	female seminary 	male seminary 	cherokee central schools 	cherokee high school 	sequoyah schools 	sequoyah high school 	politics and law	 	principal chiefs 	blood law 	slavery 	 revolt 	freedmen controversy 	cherokee nation v. georgia ( ) 	worcester v. georgia ( ) 	the cherokee tobacco case ( ) 	cherokee nation v. leavitt ( ) 	cherokee commission 	cherokee strip 	in kansas 	sequoyah constitutional convention 	towns and villages	 	cherokee towns ( th century) 	nikwasi 	nununyi 	cowee 	nacoochee 	cherokee nation ( – ) 	newechota 	chota 	kituwa 	red clay 	turkeytown 	keowee 	isunigu 	talulah 	toxoway 	kulsetsiyi 	tugaloo 	tuskegee 	joara 	tellico 	chatuga 	hiwassee 	amoyeligunahita 	tanasi 	conasauga 	etowah 	brasstown 	nantahala 	turtletown 	ducktown 	spike bucktown 	ocoee 	tuckasegee 	running water 	titsohili 	crowtown 	nickajack 	coyotee 	mialoquo 	tomotley 	toqua 	tomassee 	oconee 	settico 	chilhowee 	talisi 	frogtown 	long swamp 	oostanaula 	tsatanugi 	dirt town 	island town 	western cherokee nation 	tahlonteeskee 	cherokee nation 	tahlequah 	qualla boundary 	cherokee 	landmarks and memorial sites	 	judaculla rock 	long island 	john ross house 	chieftains museum 	ross's landing 	tellico blockhouse 	sequoyah's cabin 	trail of tears state park 	cherokee removal memorial park 	cherokee national capitol 	first cherokee female seminary site 	brainerd mission 	rattlesnake springs 	fort cass 	red clay state park 	hair conrad cabin 	nancy ward tomb 	blythe ferry 	bussell island 	chief vann house historic site 	mantle rock 	untokiasdiyi 	standing stone 	stick ball grounds 	cullasaja river 	tuckasegee river 	oconaluftee valley 	oconaluftee river 	abrams creek 	sycamore shoals 	the great trading path 	the great war path 	hiwassee river heritage center 	chatata 	tuckaleechee 	 fort smith historic site 	port royal state park 	five civilized tribes museum 	tlanusiyi 	cherokee path 	people	 	early leaders 	moytoy of tellico 	attakullakulla 	amouskositte 	old hop 	moytoy of citico 	standing turkey 	outacite of keowee 	oconostota 	savanukah 	old tassel 	little turkey 	dragging canoe 	kunokeski 	incalatanga 	tagwadihi 	cherokee nation east ( - ) 	enola 	pathkiller 	big tiger 	charles r. hicks 	william hicks 	john ross 	cherokee nation west ( - ) 	the bowl 	degadoga 	tahlonteeskee 	john jolly 	john looney 	john rogers 	eastern band of cherokee indians ( -present) 	yonaguska 	william holland thomas 	tsaladihi 	gerard parker 	joyce dugan 	patrick lambert 	richard sneed 	cherokee nation in indian territory ( – ) 	lewis downing 	degataga 	william p. ross 	utselata 	dennis bushyhead 	joel b. mayes 	johnson harris 	samuel houston mayes 	thomas buffington 	william charles rogers 	cherokee nation ( –present) 	j. b. milam 	w. w. keeler 	ross swimmer 	wilma mankiller 	joe byrd 	chadwick "corntassel" smith 	bill john baker 	chuck hoskin, jr. 	united keetoowah band of cherokee indians ( –present) 	james l. gordon 	john w. hair 	other notable cherokee 	nancy ward 	tsali 	incalatanga 	tahlonteeskee (warrior) 	turtle-at-home 	junaluska 	goingsnake 	elias boudinot 	wauhatchie 	james vann 	david vann 	joseph vann 	bob benge 	nunnahitsunega 	ned christie 	john martin 	markwayne mullin 	yvette herrell 	sequoya 	major ridge 	jenny mcintosh 	sam sixkiller 	clement v. rogers 	redbird smith 	durbin feeling 	hastings shade 	kimberly teehee 	see also: cherokee-language wikipedia 	 	v 	t 	e muscogee creek confederacy 	four mother towns	 	abihka 	coweta 	kasihta 	tukabatchee 	groups and towns	 	alabama 	apalachicola 	coushatta 	eufaula 	fowltown (four locations) 	hitchiti 	miccosukee 	muklassa 	muscogee 	okchai 	okfuskee 	pensacola 	prospect bluff historic sites 	tallapoosa 	leaders	 	josiah francis (francis the prophet) 	william mcintosh 	peter mcqueen 	menawa 	neamathla 	osceola 	william weatherford 	languages	 	alabama 	apalachee 	creek-seminole 	hitchiti 	koasati 	mikasuki 	culture	 	religion 	four mothers society 	green corn ceremony 	stomp dance 	college of the muscogee nation 	history	 	mississippian culture 	pisgah phase 	etowah 	moundville 	long swamp site 	chiaha 	leon-jefferson culture 	battle of taliwa 	state of muskogee 	forbes purchase 	red sticks 	red stick war (creek civil war) 	battle of burnt corn 	fort mims massacre 	kimbell-james massacre 	battle of horseshoe bend ( ) 	prospect bluff historic sites 	battle of ocheesee 	seminole wars 	indian removal act 	trail of tears 	creek war of 	creek national capitol 	crazy snake rebellion 	politics and law	 	treaty of new york ( ) 	treaty of fort jackson ( ) 	treaty of nicolls' outpost (unratified) 	treaty of moultrie creek 	treaty of washington ( ) 	indian removal act 	treaty of cusseta 	oklahoma tax commission v. united states 	federally recognized tribes ( th century)	 	alabama-coushatta tribe of texas 	alabama-quassarte tribal town 	coushatta tribe of louisiana 	kialegee tribal town 	muscogee (creek) nation 	poarch band of creek indians 	thlopthlocco tribal town 	 	v 	t 	e chickasaw 	culture and religion	 	language 	ababinili 	four mothers society 	green corn ceremony 	panti' 	pashofa 	stomp dance 	government	 	chickasaw nation 	chickasaw campaign of 	chickasaw campaign of 	chickasaw wars 	ex parte joins 	treaty of hopewell 	trail of tears 	treaty with choctaws and chickasaws 	atoka agreement ( ) 	chickasaw nation v. united states ( ) 	places	 	bloomfield academy 	chickasaw cultural center 	chickasaw nation 	chickasaw nation capitols 	fort jefferson 	kullihoma grounds 	new savannah, georgia 	old town 	savannah town, south carolina 	tishomingo city hall 	white house of the chickasaws 	media	 	kada 	kada-fm 	kazc 	kcnp 	ktls-fm 	kxfc 	kykc 	casinos	 	ada gaming center 	chisholm trail casino 	gold mountain casino 	newcastle casino 	riverwind casino 	saltcreek casino 	treasure valley casino 	winstar world casino 	related	 	choctaw 	five civilized tribes 	 	v 	t 	e native american topics 	history	 	paleo-indians 	lithic stage 	archaic period in the americas 	formative stage 	classic stage 	post-classic stage 	woodland period 	age of discovery 	european colonization of the americas 	population history of indigenous peoples of the americas 	slavery 	slavery in the united states 	partus sequitur ventrem 	native american slave ownership 	indian removal act 	trail of tears 	indian territory 	native americans in the american civil war 	dawes rolls 	certificate degree of indian blood 	cultural assimilation of native americans 	indian appropriations act 	racial integrity act 	indian citizenship act of 	indian reorganization act of 	jim crow laws 	blood quantum laws 	native americans and world war ii 	american indian boarding schools 	civil rights movement / native american rights fund 	native american rights movement/red power movement ( - ) 	native american rights 	 	culture	 	mississippian culture 	adena culture 	 hohokam culture 	iroquois culture 	art 	food 	music 	pow wow 	dance 	film 	indigenous peoples' day 	literature 	fashion 	neighborhoods 	health 	tribal sovereignty 	wars	 	beaver wars 	anglo-powhatan wars 	pequot war 	kieft's war 	peach tree war 	esopus wars 	king philip's war 	tuscarora war 	yamasee war 	dummer's war 	pontiac's war 	lord dunmore's war 	american revolutionary war 	cherokee–american wars 	northwest indian war 	war of 	creek war 	arikara war 	seminole wars / second seminole war 	osage indian war 	american civil war 	texas–indian wars ( – ) / comanche wars ( – ) / ( )|antelope hills expedition / comanche campaign ( – ) / red river war ( – ) / buffalo hunters' war ( – ) 	cayuse war 	apache wars ( – ) / jicarilla war ( – ) / chiricahua wars ( – ) / tonto war ( – ) / victorio's war ( – ) / geronimo's war ( – ) / post apache wars period ( – ) 	yuma war 	ute wars( – ) / battle at fort utah ( ) / walker war ( – ) / tintic war ( ) / black hawk war ( – ) / white river war ( ) / ute war ( ) / bluff war ( – ) / bluff skirmish ( ) 	posey war ( ) 	sioux wars ( – ) / first sioux war ( - ) / dakota war ( ) / colorado war ( – ) / powder river war ( ) / red cloud's war ( – ) / great sioux war ( – ) / northern cheyenne exodus ( - ) / ghost dance war ( – ) 	rogue river wars ( – ) 	yakima war ( – ) / puget sound war ( – ) / coeur d'alene war ( ) 	 mohave war( – ) 	navajo wars ( – ) 	paiute war( ) 	yavapai wars( – ) 	snake war ( – ) 	hualapai war ( – ) 	modoc war ( – ) 	nez perce war ( ) 	bannock war ( ) 	crow war ( ) 	bannock uprising ( ) 	yaqui uprising ( ) 	battle of sugar point ( ) 	crazy snake rebellion ( ) 	last massacre ( ) 	battle of kelley creek ( ) 	battle of bear valley ( ) 	education, science and technology	 	native american studies 	religion	 	american indian religious freedom act 	christianity 	eagle feather law 	traditional religions 	native american church 	sun dance 	longhouse religion 	political movements	 	civil rights movement 	self-determination 	nationalism 	american indian movement (aim) 	red power movement 	occupation of alcatraz 	trail of broken treaties 	occupation of wounded knee 	lgbt rights 	civic and economic groups 	 	national association for the advancement of colored people (naacp) 	native american rights fund (narf) 	national congress of american indians 	national indian youth council (niyc) 	women of all red nations (warn) 	the international indian treaty council (iitc) 	ethnic subdivisions	 	black indians 	indigenous peoples of the americas 	louisiana creole 	demographics	 	neighborhoods 	societal statistics 	reservations 	tribal disenrollment 	reservation poverty 	languages	 	english 	american english 	american indian english 	native american pidgin english 	native american languages 	by state/city	 	list 	alaska 	arizona 	california 	colorado 	florida 	hawaii 	iowa 	maryland 	 baltimore 	michigan 	nebraska 	north carolina 	oklahoma 	oregon 	virginia 	wisconsin 	lists	 	native americans 	artists 	actors 	native american war 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attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation, inc., a non-profit organization. 		privacy policy 	about wikipedia 	disclaimers 	contact wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 erambler erambler a blog about research communication & higher education & open culture & technology & making & librarianship & stuff by jez cope home about talks tags archive rdm resources feed orcid gitlab github keybase keyoxide mastodon twitter linkedin pypi when is a persistent identifier not persistent? or an identifier? - - : i wrote a post on the problems with isbns as persistent identifiers (pids) for work, so check it out if that sounds interesting. idcc reflections - - : · read in about min in which i pull out a few themes and thoughts from the th international digital curation conference in dublin read more → - - : iosevka is a nice, slender monospace font with a lot of configurable variations. check it out: https://typeof.net/iosevka/ permalink - - : i’m honoured and excited to be named one of this year’s software sustainability institute fellows. there’s not much to write about yet because it’s only just started, but i’m looking forward to sharing more with you. in the meantime, you can take a look at the fellowship announcement and get an idea of my plans from my application video: permalink replacing comments with webmentions - - : · read in about min in which i rip out disqus in favour of something decentralised and free (as in speech) read more → bridging carpentries slack channels to matrix - - : · read in about min in which i try to save some of the history of the carpentries by bridging slack to its open source cousin matrix read more → mozfest first reflections - - : · read in about min tldr; it was my first #mozfest experience and it was pretty good read more → music for working - - : · read in about min in which i share a few thoughts on noise-blockers for work read more → working at the british library: months in - - : · read in about min in which i look back on my first few months in the new job read more → rda plenary reflection - - : · read in about min in which i take a first look back at my first trip to the us read more → navigation older posts back to top contents © jez cope (except where noted) - powered by nikola usagelimit - oclc support skip to main content oclc.org	oclc.org home 	community center 	developer network 	research 	webjunction covid- | information and resources to help englishfrançaisdeutschitalianoespañolnederlands 	english 	français 	deutsch 	italiano 	español 	nederlands 	release notes 	system status dashboard 	contact oclc support 	search site search search go back to previous article 		 sign in expand/collapse global hierarchy 	 home 	 library management 	 ezproxy 	 config.txt directives expand/collapse global location usagelimit 		last updated 	 	 save as pdf 	 	global usagelimit 	selective usagelimit 	monitoring use 	data transfer limit 	multiple usage limits 	advanced example learn how to use the usagelimit config.txt directive to set limits on ezproxy usage. usagelimits allow you to set limits on ezproxy usage to comply with content provider requests, minimize the potential for the illicit download of large amounts of content, and limit reductions in access speed. content providers will sometimes place limits on the amount of content that users can download during a given time period due to licensing agreements they have with content owners. these limits can be enforced with the usagelimit directive, which allows you to apply limits to individual resources without altering the amount of content your users can access from other resources. you can also proactively impose usage limits to keep intruders from downloading large quantities of information with compromised credentials. if content providers detect unusually large quantity downloads, they may block your access to their resources, causing interruptions for your legitimate users. to avoid this, you can set appropriate limits on users’ ability to access all resources as a preventative measure. as described in the example tab, it is best to monitor usage before setting these limits so you do not inadvertently prevent legitimate users from having appropriate levels of access to resources. finally, if you put appropriate limits in place, high volume users who could potentially slow down access speeds for other users will be limited in how much they can download at one period of time, and thus free up bandwidth for other users to access resources. usagelimit is a position-dependent config.txt directive that interacts with database definitions. any database following an open usagelimit statement will be limited by the parameters set by this directive unless the directive is selectively applied. for more details about how to apply limits globally and selectively, see below. usagelimit is used to detect when a user is downloading an excessive amount of content and automatically suspend the user's access. when a user's access is suspended and that user tries to access content through ezproxy, ezproxy sends the file suspend.htm, from the docs directory in the ezproxy installation directory, to the remote user. if you are going to enforce limits, you should create a suspend.htm file and provide information to tell users what to do if they have encountered this limit, particularly during early configuration when your limits may be too strict to meet the actual needs of your users. a usagelimit is evaluated based on the username used to log into ezproxy and applied across all user sessions. the basic form for usagelimit consists of the directive followed by parameters specifying the types of limits you are implementing, whether those limits will be enforced, and ending with a name you assign to that limit. a limit with all parameters would look as follows: usagelimit -enforce -expires= -interval= -local -mb= -transfers= all where you enter the specific numerical values for the limit options you would like to implement, and provide a unique name in place of "all" for the limit. the options each have a hyphen (-) in front of their names. you can include or omit any option. the only required component of a usagelimit is that you provide a name at the end of the statement.  note: if you use cgi authentication, your cgi authentication must be configured to provide username information to ezproxy for usagelimits to work properly. global usagelimit you can apply a global limit that will impact all databases by placing the directive statement at the beginning of your database configurations. the limits specified by this statement will apply to all databases that follow. the directive statement could look as follows: usagelimit -enforce -mb= global you can add as many limiting options as you want and enter any numerical value to define that limit. the name global can be replaced with any name to identify this limit. for more details about how to construct a global limit, see the examples. selective usagelimit you can also apply limits so that they apply only to certain databases. usagelimit -enforce -expires= -interval= -transfers= selective title some database url http://www.somedb.com d somedb.com usagelimit -end selective where you enter specific numerical values for the limit options. you can provide any name to designate the resources that will be controlled by this limit. for more details about how to construct a selective limit, see the example tab. 	options 	 	option	description 	-end	specifies that this usagelimit should not impact any of the databases that follow in config.txt. use this only if you want the limit to apply to certain databases as this works as a bracket to enclose the databases controlled by the given limit. 	-enforce	specifies that any user account that exceeds set limit thresholds should be suspended. if this option is not specified, usage is monitored, but users who exceed the thresholds are not denied access. as a safety precaution, access for ezproxy administrators is never suspended. 	-expires	specifies that any suspension to a user's account should automatically clear after the given number of minutes specified have elapsed. if -expires is not specified, a suspended account remains suspended until the ezproxy administrator clears the suspension. see ezproxy administration for information on how to access the ezproxy administration page. 	-interval	specifies the interval over which to consider the -mb or -transfers limits. if no -interval is specified, the default is minutes, which is one day. 	-local	specifies access limits to local ezproxy pages, including the menu page or pages served from the /public, /limited, or /loggedin directories. 	-mb	specifies limits to the number of megabytes of data transferred. 	-transfers	specifies limits to the number of page requests. 	example 	the usagelimit directive can be customized in a number of ways as necessary to monitor or enforce limits on your users' use of ezproxy. monitoring use to start out, you can simply monitor ezproxy by adding: usagelimit global the choice of global for the usage limit name is arbitrary, and you can assign any name that will help you identify why you created this particular limit or which databases to control. as configured, this limit will monitor usage information over the past minutes (day). accounts will not be suspended. requests for information that come directly from ezproxy will not be included. all information gathered from this directive statement will be recorded in the messages.txt log. data transfer limit if you decide to apply limits, for example a user should not transfer more than mb per day, you can start by using: usagelimit -mb= global this will only monitor use, not suspend access. if user exceeds this limit, a message like this will be recorded in messages.txt: - - : : global . mb usage limit exceeded by rdoe once you are ready to enforce a limit, you need to add the -enforce option, such as: usagelimit -enforce -mb= global with this statement in place, if a user exceeds the mb limit, that user will be unable to access ezproxy until you clear his/her suspension through the ezproxy administration page. if you want the suspension to expire automatically after minutes (six hours), you could use: usagelimit -enforce -expires= -mb= global when you specify an expiration period, you can still manually clear the suspension at any time using the administration page. multiple usage limits in a more complicated example, we will impose two separate limits, one arbitrarily named global and the other arbitrarily named selective. global will impose a mb limit on all databases. selective will impose a limit allowing only a total of transfers total from some database and another database. some database and another database are not adjacent. the global limit will require manual resetting, but the selective limit will automatically reset after minutes (three hours). for this, you could use: usagelimit -enforce -mb= global usagelimit -enforce -expires= -transfers= selective title some database url http://www.somedb.com/ d somedb.com usagelimit -end selective title other database url http://www.otherdb.com/ d otherdb.com usagelimit selective title another database url http://www.anotherdb.com/ d anotherdb.com usagelimit -end selective in this configuration, users who transfer more than mb of data from any combination of databases, or users who transfer more than pages from a combination of some database and another database, will have their access suspended. the selective limit will only apply to some database and another database, but not to other database, nor will it apply to additional databases that appear further down in config.txt. if you want to apply a limit selectively to more than one database, you only need to enter the specific options for the usage limit the first time you enter it in config.txt. for all subsequent databases that you would like to limit with those parameters, you only need to add usagelimit with the name of the limit to set a starting point for the limit and usagelimit -end with the name of the limit to close the limit. advanced example an example of how to combine all of the security features of ezproxy can be found in secure your ezproxy server. 	related directives 	audit   	back to top 		 urlredirectappendencoded (replaced by url -redirect -append -encoded) 	 validate 	was this article helpful? 	yes 	no 	 recommended articles 	there are no recommended articles. 	 	article type 	topic 		tags 	 	 config.txt 	 usagelimit 	© copyright oclc support 	 powered by mindtouch ® @oclc @oclc_anz   © oclc domestic and international trademarks and/or service marks of oclc, inc. and its affiliates 	cookie notice 	cookie list and settings 	privacy policy 	accessibility statement 	iso certificate 	sign in stanford university - wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	stanford university 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		"stanford" redirects here. for other uses, see stanford (disambiguation). private research university located in stanford, california, us stanford university	 	motto	german: die luft der freiheit weht[ ] 	motto in english 	"the wind of freedom blows"[ ] 	type	private research university 	established	  ( )[ ][ ] 	founder	leland and jane stanford 	academic affiliations 	aau space-grant 	endowment	$ . billion ( )[ ] 	budget	$ . billion ( – )[ ] 	president	marc tessier-lavigne 	provost	persis drell 	academic staff 	 , [ ] 	administrative staff 	 , [ ] excluding shc 	students	 , (fall )[ ] 	undergraduates	 , (fall )[ ] 	postgraduates	 , (fall )[ ] 	location	stanford , california , united states ° ′ ″n ° ′ ″w /  . °n . °w / . ; - . [ ]coordinates: ° ′ ″n ° ′ ″w /  . °n . °w / . ; - . [ ] 	campus	suburban, , acres ( .  sq mi; .  km )[ ] 	academic term	quarter 	colors	cardinal and white[ ]           	nickname	cardinal 	sporting affiliations 	ncaa division i fbs 	pac- (primary) 	ira 	pccsc 	mpsf 	mascot	none[ ] 	website	www.stanford.edu 	 stanford university, officially leland stanford junior university,[ ] is a private research university located in stanford, california. stanford was founded in by leland and jane stanford in memory of their only child, leland stanford jr., who had died of typhoid fever at age the previous year.[ ] stanford was a u.s. senator and former governor of california who made his fortune as a railroad tycoon. the school admitted its first students on october , ,[ ][ ] as a coeducational and non-denominational institution. stanford struggled financially after the death of leland stanford in and again after much of the campus was damaged by the san francisco earthquake.[ ] following world war ii, provost frederick terman supported faculty and graduates' entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would later be known as silicon valley.[ ] stanford is today ranked among the top universities in the world by major education publications, and is also one of the top fundraising institutions in the country, becoming the first school to raise more than a billion dollars in a year.[ ] the university is organized around seven schools: three schools consisting of academic departments at the undergraduate level as well as four professional schools that focus on graduate programs in law, medicine, education, and business. all schools are on the same campus. students compete in varsity sports, and the university is one of two private institutions in the division i fbs pac- conference. it has gained ncaa team championships,[ ] and stanford has won the nacda directors' cup for consecutive years, beginning in – .[ ] in addition, stanford students and alumni have won olympic medals including gold medals.[ ] as of october , nobel laureates, turing award laureates,[note ] and fields medalists have been affiliated with stanford as students, alumni, faculty, or staff.[ ] in addition, stanford university is particularly noted for its entrepreneurship and is one of the most successful universities in attracting funding for start-ups.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] stanford alumni have founded numerous companies, which combined produce more than $ . trillion in annual revenue and have created . million jobs as of , roughly equivalent to the th largest economy in the world (as of [update]).[ ][ ][ ] stanford is the alma mater of one president of the united states (herbert hoover), living billionaires, and astronauts.[ ] it is also one of the leading producers of fulbright scholars, marshall scholars, rhodes scholars, and members of the united states congress.[ ] contents 	 history 	 land 	 . central campus 	 . non-central campus 	 . faculty residences 	 . other uses 	 . landmarks 	 administration and organization 	 . endowment and donations 	 academics 	 . teaching and learning 	 . research centers and institutes 	 . libraries and digital resources 	 . arts 	 . reputation and rankings 	 discoveries and innovation 	 . natural sciences 	 . computer and applied sciences 	 . businesses and entrepreneurship 	 student life 	 . student body 	 . dormitories and student housing 	 . athletics 	 . traditions 	 . religious life 	 . greek life 	 . student groups 	 . safety 	 . . people v. turner 	 . . joe lonsdale 	 people 	 . award laureates and scholars 	 see also 	 notes 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links history[edit] center of the campus in .[ ] main article: history of stanford university stanford university was founded in by leland and jane stanford, dedicated to leland stanford jr, their only child. the institution opened in on stanford's previous palo alto farm. despite being impacted by earthquakes in both and , the campus was rebuilt each time. in , the hoover institution on war, revolution and peace was started by herbert hoover to preserve artifacts related to world war i. the stanford medical center, completed in , is a teaching hospital with over beds. the slac national accelerator laboratory (originally named the stanford linear accelerator center), established in , performs research in particle physics.[ ] jane and leland stanford modeled their university after the great eastern universities, most specifically cornell university. stanford opened being called the "cornell of the west" in due to faculty being former cornell affiliates (either professors, alumni, or both) including its first president, david starr jordan. both cornell and stanford were among the first to have higher education be accessible, nonsectarian, and open to women as well as to men. cornell is credited as one of the first american universities to adopt this radical departure from traditional education, and stanford became an early adopter as well.[ ] land[edit] an aerial photograph of the center of the stanford university campus in . most of stanford university is on an , -acre ( .  sq mi; .  km )[ ] campus, one of the largest in the united states.[note ] it is located on the san francisco peninsula, in the northwest part of the santa clara valley (silicon valley) approximately miles (  km) southeast of san francisco and approximately miles (  km) northwest of san jose. in , % of this land remained undeveloped.[ ] stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated santa clara county, although some of the university land (such as the stanford shopping center and the stanford research park) is within the city limits of palo alto. the campus also includes much land in unincorporated san mateo county (including the slac national accelerator laboratory and the jasper ridge biological preserve), as well as in the city limits of menlo park (stanford hills neighborhood), woodside, and portola valley.[ ] central campus[edit] the academic central campus is adjacent to palo alto, bounded by el camino real, stanford avenue, jane stanford way, and sand hill road. the united states postal service has assigned it two zip codes: for campus mail and for p.o. box mail. it lies within area code . view of the main quadrangle of stanford university with memorial church in the center background from across the grass-covered oval. non-central campus[edit] stanford currently operates in various locations outside of its central campus. on the founding grant: 	jasper ridge biological preserve is a , -acre (  ha) natural reserve south of the central campus owned by the university and used by wildlife biologists for research. 	slac national accelerator laboratory is a facility west of the central campus operated by the university for the department of energy. it contains the longest linear particle accelerator in the world, miles ( .  km) on acres (  ha) of land.[ ] 	golf course and a seasonal lake: the university also has its own golf course and a seasonal lake (lake lagunita, actually an irrigation reservoir), both home to the vulnerable california tiger salamander. as of lake lagunita was often dry and the university had no plans to artificially fill it.[ ] off the founding grant: 	hopkins marine station, in pacific grove, california, is a marine biology research center owned by the university since . 	study abroad locations: unlike typical study abroad programs, stanford itself operates in several locations around the world; thus, each location has stanford faculty-in-residence and staff in addition to students, creating a "mini-stanford."[ ] 	redwood city campus for many of the university's administrative offices located in redwood city, california, a few miles north of the main campus. in , the university purchased a small, -acre (  ha) campus in midpoint technology park intended for staff offices; development was delayed by the great recession.[ ][ ] in the university announced a development plan[ ] and the redwood city campus opened in march .[ ] 	the bass center in washington, dc provides a base, including housing, for the stanford in washington program for undergraduates.[ ] it includes a small art gallery open to the public.[ ] 	china: stanford center at peking university, housed in the lee jung sen building, is a small center for researchers and students in collaboration with peking university.[ ][ ] lake lagunita in winter; the dish, a large radio telescope, and local landmark, is visible in the stanford-owned foothills behind the lake and is the high point of a popular campus jogging and walking trail. faculty residences[edit] many stanford faculty members live in the "faculty ghetto," within walking or biking distance of campus.[ ] the faculty ghetto is composed of land owned entirely by stanford. similar to a condominium, the houses can be bought and sold but the land under the houses is rented on a -year lease. houses in the "ghetto" appreciate and depreciate, but not as rapidly as overall silicon valley values. other uses[edit] some of the land is managed to provide revenue for the university such as the stanford shopping center and the stanford research park. stanford land is also leased for a token rent by the palo alto unified school district for several schools including palo alto high school and gunn high school.[ ] el camino park, the oldest palo alto city park (established ), is also on stanford land.[ ] landmarks[edit] contemporary campus landmarks include the main quad and memorial church, the cantor center for visual arts and the bing concert hall, the stanford mausoleum with the nearby angel of grief, hoover tower, the rodin sculpture garden, the papua new guinea sculpture garden, the arizona cactus garden, the stanford university arboretum, green library and the dish. frank lloyd wright's hanna–honeycomb house and the lou henry hoover house are both listed on the national historic register. white memorial fountain (also known as "the claw") between the stanford bookstore and the old union is a popular place to meet and to engage in the stanford custom of "fountain hopping"; it was installed in and designed by aristides demetrios after a national competition as a memorial for two brothers in the class of , william n. white and john b. white ii, one of whom died before graduating and one shortly after in .[ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 			 			 interior of the stanford memorial church at the center of the main quad 			 		 	 			 			 lou henry hoover house, the official residence of the university president 			 		 	 			 			 hoover tower, at feet (  m), the tallest building on campus 			 		 	 			 			 the dish, a feet (  m) diameter radio telescope on the stanford foothills overlooking the main campus 			 		 	 			 			 the original golden spike on display at the cantor arts museum at stanford university 			 		 	 			 			 stanford quad with memorial church in the background 			 		 	 			 			 white memorial fountain (the claw) 			 		 administration and organization[edit] stanford university is a private, non-profit university that is administered as a corporate trust governed by a privately appointed board of trustees with a maximum membership of .[ ][note ] trustees serve five-year terms (not more than two consecutive terms) and meet five times annually.[ ] a new trustee is chosen by the current trustees by ballot.[ ] the stanford trustees also oversee the stanford research park, the stanford shopping center, the cantor center for visual arts, stanford university medical center, and many associated medical facilities (including the lucile packard children's hospital).[ ] the board appoints a president to serve as the chief executive officer of the university, to prescribe the duties of professors and course of study, to manage financial and business affairs, and to appoint nine vice presidents.[ ] the provost is the chief academic and budget officer, to whom the deans of each of the seven schools report.[ ][ ] persis drell became the th provost in february . as of , the university was organized into seven academic schools.[ ] the schools of humanities and sciences ( departments),[ ] engineering ( departments),[ ] and earth, energy & environmental sciences ( departments)[ ] have both graduate and undergraduate programs while the schools of law, medicine, education and business have graduate programs only. the powers and authority of the faculty are vested in the academic council, which is made up of tenure and non-tenure line faculty, research faculty, senior fellows in some policy centers and institutes, the president of the university, and some other academic administrators, but most matters are handled by the faculty senate, made up of elected representatives of the faculty.[ ] the associated students of stanford university (assu) is the student government for stanford university and all registered students are members. its elected leadership consists of the undergraduate senate elected by the undergraduate students, the graduate student council elected by the graduate students, and the president and vice president elected as a ticket by the entire student body.[ ] stanford is the beneficiary of a special clause in the california constitution, which explicitly exempts stanford property from taxation so long as the property is used for educational purposes.[ ] endowment and donations[edit] the university's endowment, managed by the stanford management company, was valued at $ . billion as of august , .[ ] payouts from the stanford endowment covered approximately . % of university expenses in the fiscal year.[ ] in the nacubo-tiaa survey of colleges and universities in the united states and canada, only harvard university, the university of texas system, and yale university had larger endowments than stanford.[ ] in , president john l. hennessy launched a five-year campaign called the stanford challenge, which reached its $ . billion fundraising goal in , two years ahead of time, but continued fundraising for the duration of the campaign. it concluded on december , , having raised a total of $ . billion and breaking the previous campaign fundraising record of $ . billion held by yale.[ ][ ] specifically, the campaign raised $ . million for undergraduate financial aid, as well as $ . billion for its initiative in "seeking solutions" to global problems, $ . billion for "educating leaders" by improving k- education, and $ . billion for "foundation of excellence" aimed at providing academic support for stanford students and faculty. funds supported new fellowships for graduate students, new endowed chairs for faculty, and new or renovated buildings. the new funding also enabled the construction of a facility for stem cell research; a new campus for the business school; an expansion of the law school; a new engineering quad; a new art and art history building; an on-campus concert hall; a new art museum; and a planned expansion of the medical school, among other things.[ ][ ] in , the university raised $ . billion, becoming the first school to raise more than a billion dollars in a year.[ ] academics[edit] teaching and learning[edit] walkway in the main quad stanford follows a quarter system with the autumn quarter usually beginning in late september and the spring quarter ending in mid-june.[ ] the full-time, four-year undergraduate program has an arts and sciences focus with high graduate student coexistence.[ ] stanford is accredited by the western association of schools and colleges.[ ] stanford's admission process is need-blind for u.s. citizens and permanent residents; while it is not need-blind for international students, % are on need-based aid, with an average aid package of $ , .[ ] in – , the university awarded $ million in need-based financial aid to , students, with an average aid package of $ , .[ ] eighty percent of students receive some form of financial aid.[ ] stanford has a no-loan policy.[ ] for undergraduates admitted starting in , stanford waives tuition, room, and board for most families with incomes below $ , , and most families with incomes below $ , are not required to pay tuition; those with incomes up to $ , may have tuition significantly reduced.[ ] seventeen percent of students receive pell grants,[ ] a common measure of low-income students at a college. research centers and institutes[edit] hoover tower, inspired by the cathedral tower at salamanca in spain main article: stanford university centers and institutes stanford is classified among "r : doctoral universities – very high research activity."[ ] the university's research expenditure in fiscal year was $ . billion.[ ] as of the office of the vice provost and dean of research oversaw eighteen independent laboratories, centers, and institutes.[ ] other stanford-affiliated institutions include the slac national accelerator laboratory (originally the stanford linear accelerator center), the stanford research institute (an independent institution which originated at the university), the hoover institution (a conservative[ ] think tank that staffed numerous positions in the trump administration[ ]) and the hasso plattner institute of design (a multidisciplinary design school in cooperation with the hasso plattner institute of university of potsdam that integrates product design, engineering, and business management education).[citation needed] stanford is home to the martin luther king jr. research and education institute which grew out of and still contains the martin luther king jr. papers project, a collaboration with the king center to publish the king papers held by the king center.[ ] it also runs the john s. knight fellowship for professional journalists and the center for ocean solutions, which brings together marine science and policy to address challenges facing the ocean.[ ] together with uc berkeley and uc san francisco, stanford is part of the biohub, a new medical science research center founded in by a $ million commitment from facebook ceo and founder mark zuckerberg and pediatrician priscilla chan. libraries and digital resources[edit] green library main article: stanford university libraries as of , stanford university libraries (sul) held a collection of more than . million volumes, nearly , rare or special books, . million e-books, . million audiovisual materials, , serials, nearly million microform holdings, and thousands of other digital resources.[ ] the main library in the su library system is green library, which also contains various meeting and conference rooms, study spaces, and reading rooms. lathrop library (previously meyer library, demolished in ), holds various student-accessible media resources and houses one of the largest east asia collections with , volumes. arts[edit] bronze statues by auguste rodin are scattered throughout the campus, including these burghers of calais. stanford is home to the cantor center for visual arts, a museum with galleries, sculpture gardens, terraces, and a courtyard first established in by jane and leland stanford as a memorial to their only child. the center's collection of works by rodin is among the largest in the world.[ ] the thomas welton stanford gallery, which was built in , serves as a teaching resource for the department of art & art history as well as an exhibition venue. in , stanford opened the anderson collection, a new museum focused on postwar american art and founded by the donation of works by food service moguls mary and harry anderson.[ ][ ][ ] there are outdoor art installations throughout the campus, primarily sculptures, but some murals as well. the papua new guinea sculpture garden near roble hall features includes wood carvings and "totem poles." the stanford music department sponsors many ensembles including five choirs, the stanford symphony orchestra, stanford taiko, and the stanford wind ensemble. extracurricular activities include theater groups such as ram's head theatrical society, the stanford improvisors,[ ] the stanford shakespeare society, and the stanford savoyards, a group dedicated to performing the works of gilbert and sullivan. stanford is also host to ten a cappella groups, including the mendicants (stanford's first),[ ] counterpoint (the first all-female group on the west coast),[ ] the stanford fleet street singers,[ ] harmonics, mixed company,[ ] testimony, talisman, everyday people, raagapella,[ ] and o-tone. reputation and rankings[edit] 	 	university rankings 	national 	arwu[ ] 	 	forbes[ ] 	 	the/wsj[ ] 	 	u.s. news & world report[ ] 	 	washington monthly[ ] 	 	global 	arwu[ ] 	 	qs[ ] 	 	the[ ] 	 	u.s. news & world report[ ] 	 	 	national program rankings[ ] 	program 	ranking 	biological sciences	 	business	 	chemistry	 	computer science	 	earth sciences	 	economics	 	education	 	engineering	 	english	 	fine arts	 	history	 	law	 	mathematics	 	medicine: primary care	 	medicine: research	 	physician assistant	 	physics	 	political science	 	psychology	 	sociology	 	statistics	 	 	global subject rankings[ ] 	program 	ranking 	arts & humanities	 	biology & biochemistry	 	cardiac & cardiovascular systems	 	chemistry	 	clinical medicine	 	computer science	 	economics & business	 	electrical & electronic engineering	 	engineering	 	environment/ecology	 	geosciences	 	immunology	 	materials science	 	mathematics	 	mechanical engineering	 	microbiology	 	molecular biology & genetics	 	neuroscience & behavior	 	oncology	 	pharmacology & toxicology	 	physics	 	plant & animal science	 	psychiatry/psychology	 	social sciences & public health	 	space science	 	surgery	 notably, stanford ranks high and often first in many domestic college ranking measures, leading slate to dub stanford in as "the harvard of the st century,"[ ] and the new york times in the same year to conclude that "stanford university has become america's 'it' school, by measures that harvard once dominated."[ ] from polls done by the princeton review in , , , , , and , the most commonly named "dream college" for students was stanford; separately, parents, too, most frequently named stanford their "dream college."[ ] the inaugural wall street journal/times higher education college rankings picked stanford as the no. school in the united states.[ ] gate to the main quad globally, the academic ranking of world universities (arwu) ranked stanford second in the world most years from to .[ ] in , it ranked th among the universities around the world by scimago institutions rankings.[ ] additionally, times higher education recognized stanford as one of the world's "six super brands" on its world reputation rankings, along with berkeley, cambridge, harvard, mit, and oxford.[ ] stanford was ranked fifth in the ,[ ] ,[ ] and [ ] nature index annual tables, which measure the largest contributors to papers published in leading journals.[ ] discoveries and innovation[edit] see also: carnegie mellon discoveries and innovation, illinois discoveries and innovation, mit discoveries and innovation, and uc berkeley discoveries and innovation natural sciences[edit] 	biological synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) – arthur kornberg synthesized dna material and won the nobel prize in physiology or medicine for his work at stanford. 	first transgenic organism – stanley cohen and herbert boyer were the first scientists to transplant genes from one living organism to another, a fundamental discovery for genetic engineering.[ ][ ] thousands of products have been developed on the basis of their work, including human growth hormone and hepatitis b vaccine. 	laser – arthur leonard schawlow shared the nobel prize in physics with nicolaas bloembergen and kai siegbahn for his work on lasers.[ ][ ] 	nuclear magnetic resonance – felix bloch developed new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements, which are the underlying principles of the mri.[ ][ ] computer and applied sciences[edit] 	arpanet – stanford research institute, formerly part of stanford but on a separate campus, was the site of one of the four original arpanet nodes.[ ][ ] 	internet—stanford university was the site where the original design of the internet was undertaken. vint cerf led a research group to elaborate the design of the transmission control protocol (tcp/ip) that he originally co-created with robert e. kahn (bob kahn) in and which formed the basis for the architecture of the internet. 	frequency modulation synthesis – john chowning of the music department invented the fm music synthesis algorithm in , and stanford later licensed it to yamaha corporation. 	google – google began in january as a research project by larry page and sergey brin when they were both phd students at stanford.[ ] they were working on the stanford digital library project (sdlp). the sdlp's goal was "to develop the enabling technologies for a single, integrated and universal digital library" and it was funded through the national science foundation, among other federal agencies.[ ] 	klystron tube – invented by the brothers russell and sigurd varian at stanford. their prototype was completed and demonstrated successfully on august , .[ ] upon publication in , news of the klystron immediately influenced the work of u.s. and uk researchers working on radar equipment. 	risc – arpa funded vlsi project of microprocessor design. stanford and uc berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. the stanford mips would go on to be commercialized as the successful mips architecture, while berkeley risc gave its name to the entire concept, commercialized as the sparc. another success from this era were ibm's efforts that eventually led to the ibm power instruction set architecture, powerpc, and power isa. as these projects matured, a wide variety of similar designs flourished in the late s and especially the early s, representing a major force in the unix workstation market as well as embedded processors in laser printers, routers and similar products.[ ] 	sun workstation – andy bechtolsheim designed the sun workstation for the stanford university network communications project as a personal cad workstation,[ ] which led to sun microsystems. businesses and entrepreneurship[edit] main article: list of companies founded by stanford university alumni stanford is one of the most successful universities in creating companies and licensing its inventions to existing companies; it is often held up as a model for technology transfer.[ ][ ] stanford's office of technology licensing is responsible for commercializing university research, intellectual property, and university-developed projects. the university is described as having a strong venture culture in which students are encouraged, and often funded, to launch their own companies.[ ] companies founded by stanford alumni generate more than $ . trillion in annual revenue, equivalent to the th-largest economy in the world.[ ] some companies closely associated with stanford and their connections include: 	hewlett-packard, , co-founders william r. hewlett (b.s, phd) and david packard (m.s). 	silicon graphics, , co-founders james h. clark (associate professor) and several of his grad students. 	sun microsystems, , co-founders vinod khosla (m.b.a), andy bechtolsheim (phd) and scott mcnealy (m.b.a). 	cisco, , founders leonard bosack (m.s) and sandy lerner (m.s) who were in charge of stanford computer science and graduate school of business computer operations groups respectively when the hardware was developed.[ ] 	yahoo!, , co-founders jerry yang (b.s, m.s) and david filo (m.s). 	google, , co-founders larry page (m.s) and sergey brin (m.s). 	linkedin, , co-founders reid hoffman (b.s), konstantin guericke (b.s, m.s), eric lee (b.s), and alan liu (b.s). 	instagram, , co-founders kevin systrom (b.s) and mike krieger (b.s). 	snapchat, , co-founders evan spiegel and bobby murphy (b.s). 	coursera, , co-founders andrew ng (associate professor) and daphne koller (professor, phd). student life[edit] student body[edit] demographics of students / and comparison to california and united states census estimates[ ][ ][ ] 		undergraduate	adjusted percentage [notedemo ]	graduate	california	united states 	black or african american[notedemo ] 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )	 . %	 . % 	asian[notedemo ] 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )[notedemo ]	 . %	 . % 	white[notedemo ] 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )	 . %	 . % 	hispanic/latino 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )	 . %	 . % 	american indian / n. alaskan[notedemo ] 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )	 . %	 . % 	native hawaiian / u.s. pacific islander 	 . % ( )	 . %	n/a[notedemo ]	 . %	 . % 	two or more races 	 . % ( )	 . %	n/a[notedemo ]	 . %	 . % 	race/ethnicity unknown 	 . % ( )	 . %	 % ( )	n/a	n/a 	international student 	 . % ( )	 %	 % ( )	n/a	n/a 	notes 	^ adjusted for us citizens and permanent residents only since racial breakdown in the stanford data is not given for students here on temporary visas. the census data for california and the united states as a whole does include people who are here on temporary visas or who are undocumented. 	^ a b c d does not include hispanic americans 	^ a b c the data for graduate students merges asian with pacific islander. also no separate category for multiple races. stanford enrolled , undergraduate[ ] and , graduate students[ ] as of the – school year. women comprised . % of undergraduates and . % of graduate students.[ ] in the same academic year, the freshman retention rate was %. stanford awarded , undergraduate degrees, , master's degrees, doctoral degrees, and professional degrees in the – school year.[ ] the four-year graduation rate for the class of cohort was . %, and the six-year rate was . %.[ ] the relatively low four-year graduation rate is a function of the university's coterminal degree (or "coterm") program, which allows students to earn a master's degree as a -to- -year extension of their undergraduate program.[ ] as of , fifteen percent of undergraduates were first-generation students.[ ] dormitories and student housing[edit] main article: stanford university student housing as of , % of undergraduate students lived in on-campus university housing. first-year undergraduates are required to live on campus, and all undergraduates are guaranteed housing for all four undergraduate years.[ ][ ] undergraduates live in different houses, including dormitories, co-ops, row houses, and fraternities and sororities.[ ] at manzanita park, mobile homes were installed as "temporary" housing from to , but as of was the site of newer dorms castano, kimball, lantana, and the humanities house, completed in .[ ][ ] most student residences are just outside the campus core, within ten minutes (on foot or bike) of most classrooms and libraries. some are reserved for freshman, sophomores, or upperclass students and some are open to all four classes. most residences are co-ed; seven are all-male fraternities, three are all-female sororities, and there is also one all-female non-sorority house, roth house. in most residences, men and women live on the same floor, but a few dorms are configured for men and women to live on separate floors (single-gender floors).[ ] many students use bicycles to get around the large campus. several residences are considered theme houses. the academic, language and culture houses include east (education and society themed house), hammarskjöld (international themed house), haus mitteleuropa (central european themed house), la casa italiana (italian language and culture), la maison française (french language and culture house), slavianskii dom (slavic/east european themed house), storey (human biology themed house), and yost (spanish language and culture). cross-cultural themed houses include casa zapata (chicano/latino theme in stern hall), muwekma-tah-ruk (american indian/alaska native, and native hawaiian themed house), okada (asian-american themed house in wilbur hall), and ujamaa (black/african-american themed house in lagunita court). focus houses include freshman-sophomore college (academic focus), branner hall (community service), kimball (arts & performing arts), crothers (global citizenship), and toyon (sophomore priority).[ ] theme houses predating the current "theme" classification system are columbae (social change through nonviolence, since ),[ ] and synergy (exploring alternatives, since ).[ ] co-ops or "self-ops" are another housing option. these houses feature cooperative living, where residents and eating associates each contribute work to keep the house running, such as cooking meals or cleaning shared spaces. these houses have unique themes around which their community is centered. many co-ops are hubs of music, art and philosophy. the co-ops on campus are alvarado row (formerly chi theta chi), columbae, enchanted broccoli forest (ebf), hammarskjöld, kairos, terra (the unofficial lgbt house),[ ] and synergy.[ ] phi sigma, at campus drive was formerly phi sigma kappa fraternity, but in became a self-op.[ ] as of around percent of the graduate student population lived on campus.[ ] first-year graduate students are guaranteed on-campus housing. stanford also subsidizes off-campus apartments in nearby palo alto, menlo park, and mountain view for graduate students who are guaranteed on-campus housing but are unable to live on campus due to a lack of space.[ ] athletics[edit] main article: stanford cardinal the new stanford stadium, site of home football games. the leland stanford junior university marching band rallies football fans with arrangements of "all right now" and other contemporary music. as of stanford had male varsity sports and female varsity sports,[ ] club sports[ ] and about intramural sports[ ] in , following a unanimous vote by the executive committee for the associated students, the athletic department adopted the mascot "indian." the indian symbol and name were later dropped by president richard lyman in , after objections from native american students and a vote by the student senate.[ ] the sports teams are now officially referred to as the "stanford cardinal," referring to the deep red color, not the cardinal bird. stanford is a member of the pac- conference in most sports, the mountain pacific sports federation in several other sports, and the america east conference in field hockey[ ] with the participation in the inter-collegiate ncaa's division i fbs. its traditional sports rival is berkeley, the neighbor to the north in the east bay. the winner of the annual "big game" between the cal and cardinal football teams gains custody of the stanford axe.[ ] stanford has had at least one ncaa team champion every year since the – school year[ ] and has earned ncaa national team titles since its establishment, the most among universities,[ ] and stanford has won individual national championships, the most by any university.[ ] stanford has won the award for the top-ranked division athletic program — the nacda directors' cup, formerly known as the sears cup – annually for the past twenty-four straight years.[ ][ ][ ][ ] stanford athletes have won medals in every olympic games since , winning olympic medals total, of them gold.[ ] in the summer olympics, and summer olympics, stanford won more olympic medals than any other university in the united states.[ ][ ] stanford athletes won medals at the summer olympics ( gold, silver and bronze), and medals at the summer olympics.[ ] traditions[edit] vintage stanford university postcard 	the unofficial motto of stanford university, selected by president jordan, is "die luft der freiheit weht."[ ] translated from the german language, this quotation from ulrich von hutten means, "the wind of freedom blows." the motto was controversial during world war i, when anything in german was suspect; at that time the university disavowed that this motto was official.[ ] 	"hail, stanford, hail!" is the stanford hymn sometimes sung at ceremonies or adapted by the various university singing groups. it was written in by mechanical engineering professor albert w. smith and his wife, mary roberts smith (in she earned the first stanford doctorate in economics and later became associate professor of sociology), but was not officially adopted until after a performance on campus in march by the mormon tabernacle choir.[ ][ ] 	uncommon man/uncommon woman: stanford does not award honorary degrees,[ ][ ] but in the degree of uncommon man/uncommon woman was created to recognize individuals who give rare and extraordinary service to the university. technically, this degree is awarded by the stanford associates, a voluntary group that is part of the university's alumni association. as stanford's highest honor, it is not conferred at prescribed intervals, but only when appropriate to recognize extraordinary service. recipients include herbert hoover, bill hewlett, dave packard, lucile packard, and john gardner.[ ] 	big game events: the events in the week leading up to the big game vs. uc berkeley, including gaieties (a musical written, composed, produced, and performed by the students of ram's head theatrical society),[ ] 	viennese ball: a formal ball with waltzes that was initially started in the s by students returning from the now-closed stanford in vienna overseas program.[ ] it is now open to all students. 	full moon on the quad: an annual event at main quad, where students gather to kiss one another starting at midnight. typically organized by the junior class cabinet, the festivities include live entertainment, such as music and dance performances. 	band run: an annual festivity at the beginning of the school year, where the band picks up freshmen from dorms across campus while stopping to perform at each location, culminating in a finale performance at main quad. 	mausoleum party: an annual halloween party at the stanford mausoleum, the final resting place of leland stanford jr. and his parents. a -year tradition, the mausoleum party was on hiatus from to due to a lack of funding, but was revived in .[ ] in , it was hosted in old union rather than at the actual mausoleum, because rain prohibited generators from being rented.[ ] in , after fundraising efforts by the junior class presidents and the assu executive, the event was able to return to the mausoleum despite facing budget cuts earlier in the year.[ ] 	former campus traditions include the big game bonfire on lake lagunita (a seasonal lake usually dry in the fall), which was formally ended in because of the presence of endangered salamanders in the lake bed.[ ] religious life[edit] students and staff at stanford are of many different religions. the stanford office for religious life's mission is "to guide, nurture and enhance spiritual, religious and ethical life within the stanford university community" by promoting enriching dialogue, meaningful ritual, and enduring friendships among people of all religious backgrounds. it is headed by a dean with the assistance of a senior associate dean and an associate dean. stanford memorial church, in the center of campus, has a sunday university public worship service (upw) usually in the "protestant ecumenical christian" tradition where the memorial church choir sings and a sermon is preached usually by one of the stanford deans for religious life. upw sometimes has multifaith services.[ ] in addition, the church is used by the catholic community and by some of the other christian denominations at stanford. weddings happen most saturdays and the university has for over years allowed blessings of same-gender relationships and now legal weddings. in addition to the church, the office for religious life has a center for inter-religious community, learning and experiences (circle) on the third floor of old union. it offers a common room, an interfaith sanctuary, a seminar room, a student lounge area, and a reading room, as well as offices housing a number of stanford associated religions (sar) member groups and the senior associate dean and associate dean for religious life. most though not all religious student groups belong to sar. the sar directory includes organizations that serve atheist, baha'i, buddhist, christian, hindu, islam, jewish, and sikh groups, though these groups vary year by year.[ ] the windhover contemplation center was dedicated in october , and was intended to provide spiritual sanctuary for students and staff in the midst of their course and work schedules; the center displays the "windhover" paintings by nathan oliveira, the late stanford professor and artist.[ ] some religions have a larger and more formal presence on campus in addition to the student groups; these include the catholic community at stanford[ ] and hillel at stanford.[ ] greek life[edit] fraternities and sororities have been active on the stanford campus since , when the university first opened. in , university president donald tresidder banned all stanford sororities due to extreme competition.[ ] however, following title ix, the board of trustees lifted the -year ban on sororities in .[ ] students are not permitted to join a fraternity or sorority until spring quarter of their freshman year.[ ] as of stanford had greek organizations, including sororities and fraternities. nine of the greek organizations were housed (eight in university-owned houses and one, sigma chi, in their own house, although the land is owned by the university[ ]). six chapters were members of the african american fraternal and sororal association, chapters were members of the interfraternity council, seven chapters belonged to the intersorority council, and six chapters belonged to the multicultural greek council.[ ] 	stanford is home to three unhoused historically national pan-hellenic council (nphc or "divine nine") sororities (alpha kappa alpha, delta sigma theta, and sigma gamma rho) and three unhoused nphc fraternities (alpha phi alpha, kappa alpha psi, and phi beta sigma). these fraternities and sororities operate under the african american fraternal sororal association (aafsa) at stanford.[ ][citation needed] 	seven historically national panhellenic conference (npc) sororities, four of which are unhoused (alpha phi, alpha epsilon phi, chi omega, and kappa kappa gamma) and three of which are housed (delta delta delta, kappa alpha theta, and pi beta phi) call stanford home. these sororities operate under the stanford inter-sorority council (isc).[ ][citation needed] 	eleven historically national interfraternity conference (nic) fraternities are also represented at stanford, including five unhoused fraternities (alpha epsilon pi, delta kappa epsilon, delta tau delta, sigma alpha epsilon, and sigma phi epsilon), and six housed fraternities (kappa alpha order, kappa sigma, phi kappa psi, sigma chi, sigma nu, and theta delta chi). these fraternities operate under the stanford inter-fraternity council (ifc).[ ][citation needed] 	there are also four unhoused multicultural greek council (mgc) sororities on campus (alpha kappa delta phi, lambda theta nu, sigma psi zeta, and sigma theta psi), as well as two unhoused mgc fraternities (gamma zeta alpha and lambda phi epsilon). lambda phi epsilon is recognized by the national interfraternity conference (nic).[ ] student groups[edit] as of , stanford had more than student organizations.[ ] groups are often, though not always, partially funded by the university via allocations directed by the student government organization, the assu. these funds include "special fees," which are decided by a spring quarter vote by the student body. groups span athletics/recreation (see section on athletics), careers/pre-professional, community service, ethnic/cultural, fraternities/sororities, health/counseling, media/publications, music/dance/creative arts (see section on arts), political/social awareness and religious/philosophical. stanford is home to a set of student journalism publications. the stanford daily is a student-run daily newspaper and has been published since the university was founded in .[ ] the student-run radio station, kzsu stanford . fm, features freeform music programming, sports commentary, and news segments; it started in as an am radio station.[ ] the stanford review is a conservative student newspaper founded in .[ ] the fountain hopper (foho) is a financially independent, anonymous student-run campus rag publication, notable for having broken the brock turner story.[ ] stanford is also home to a large number of pre-professional student organizations, organized around missions from startup incubation to paid consulting. the business association of stanford entrepreneurial students (bases) is one of the largest professional organizations in silicon valley, with over , members.[citation needed] its goal is to support the next generation of entrepreneurs.[citation needed] startx is a non-profit startup accelerator for student and faculty-led startups[ ] that over % of the study body has applied to.[citation needed] it is staffed primarily by students.[citation needed] stanford women in business (swib) is an on-campus business organization, aimed at helping stanford women find paths to success in the generally male-dominated technology industry.[ ] stanford marketing is a student group that provides students hands-on training through research and strategy consulting projects with fortune clients, as well as workshops led by people from industry and professors in the stanford graduate school of business.[ ][ ] stanford finance provides mentoring and internships for students who want to enter a career in finance. students run supost.com, an online marketplace for stanford students and alumni, in partnership with stanford student enterprises (sse) and the stanford pre-business association.[ ][better source needed] the latter is intended to build connections among industry, alumni, and student communities.[citation needed] other groups include: 	the stanford axe committee is the official guardian of the stanford axe and the rest of the time assists the stanford band as a supplementary spirit group. it has existed since .[ ] 	the stanford solar car project, in which students build a solar-powered car every years and race it in either the north american solar challenge or the world solar challenge. 	stanford american indian organization (saio) which hosts the annual stanford powwow started in . this is the largest student run event on campus and the largest student run powwow in the country.[ ][ ] 	the stanford improvisors (simps for short) teach and perform improvisational theatre on campus and in the surrounding community.[ ] in the group finished second in the golden gate regional college improv tournament[ ] and they've since been invited twice to perform at the annual san francisco improv festival.[ ] 	asha for education is a national student group founded in . it focuses mainly on education in india and supporting nonprofit organizations that work mainly in the education sector. asha's stanford chapter organizes events like holi as well as lectures by prominent leaders from india the university campus.[ ][ ][ ] safety[edit] stanford's department of public safety is responsible for law enforcement and safety on the main campus. its deputy sheriffs are peace officers by arrangement with the santa clara county sheriff's office.[ ] the department is also responsible for publishing an annual crime report covering the previous three years as required by the clery act.[ ] fire protection has been provided by contract with the palo alto fire department since .[ ] murder is rare on the campus though a few of the cases have been notorious including theodore streleski's murder of his professor in and the unsolved murder of arlis perry in stanford memorial church.[ ] in , stanford university was the tenth highest in the nation in "total of reports of rape" on their main campus, with reports of rape.[ ] in stanford university's campus climate survey, . percent of female undergraduates reported experiencing sexual assault as defined by the university and . percent reported experiencing sexual misconduct.[ ] according to the survey, % of perpetrators of misconduct were stanford students and % were men.[ ] perpetrators of sexual misconduct were frequently aided by alcohol or drugs, according to the survey: "nearly three-fourths of the students whose responses were categorized as sexual assault indicated that the act was accomplished by a person or person taking advantage of them when they were drunk or high, according to the survey. close to percent of students who reported an experience of sexual misconduct involving nonconsensual penetration and/or oral sex indicated the same."[ ] associated students of stanford university and student and alumni activists with the anti-rape group stand with leah criticized the survey methodology for downgrading incidents involving alcohol if students did not check two separate boxes indicating they were both intoxicated and incapacity while sexually assaulted.[ ] reporting on the brock turner rape case, a reporter from the washington post analyzed campus rape reports submitted by universities to the u.s. department of education, and found that stanford was one of the top ten universities in campus rapes in , with reported that year, but when analyzed by rapes per students, stanford was not among the top ten.[ ] people v. turner[edit] main article: people v. turner on the night of january – , , -year-old chanel miller, who had visited campus to attend a party at the kappa alpha fraternity, was sexually assaulted by brock turner, a freshman who had a swimming scholarship. two graduate students witnessed the attack and intervened, catching turner when he tried to flee and holding him down on the ground until police arrived.[ ] stanford immediately referred the case to prosecutors and offered miller counseling, and within two weeks had barred turner from campus after conducting an investigation.[ ] turner was convicted on three felony charges in march and in june he received a jail sentence of six months and was declared a sex offender, requiring him to register as such for the rest of his life; prosecutors had sought a six-year prison sentence out of the maximum years that was possible.[ ] the case and the relatively lenient sentence drew nationwide attention.[ ] two years later the judge in the case, stanford graduate aaron persky, was recalled by the voters.[ ] joe lonsdale[edit] see also: joe lonsdale § personal in february , elise clougherty filed a sexual assault and harassment lawsuit against venture capitalist joe lonsdale.[ ][ ] lonsdale and clougherty entered into a relationship in the spring of when she was a junior and he was her mentor in a stanford entrepreneurship course.[ ] by the spring of clougherty had broken off the relationship and filed charges at stanford that lonsdale had broken the stanford policy against consensual relationships between students and faculty and that he had sexually assaulted and harassed her, which resulted in lonsdale being banned from stanford for years.[ ] lonsdale challenged stanford's finding that he had had sexually assaulted and harassed her and stanford rescinded that finding and the campus ban in the fall of .[ ] clougherty withdrew her suit that fall as well.[ ] people[edit] for a more comprehensive list, see list of stanford university people and list of nobel laureates affiliated with stanford university. as of late , stanford had , tenure-line faculty, senior fellows, center fellows, and medical center faculty.[ ] award laureates and scholars[edit] stanford's current community of scholars includes: 	 nobel prize laureates (as of october , affiliates in total);[ ] 	 members of the national academy of sciences;[ ] 	 members of national academy of engineering;[ ] 	 members of national academy of medicine;[ ] 	 members of the american academy of arts and sciences;[ ] 	 recipients of the national medal of science;[ ] 	 recipient of the national medal of technology;[ ] 	 recipients of the national humanities medal;[ ] 	 members of american philosophical society;[ ] 	 fellows of the american physics society (since );[ ] 	 pulitzer prize winners;[ ] 	 macarthur fellows;[ ] 	 wolf foundation prize winners;[ ] 	 acl lifetime achievement award winners;[ ] 	 aaai fellows;[ ] 	 presidential medal of freedom winners.[ ][ ] stanford's faculty and former faculty includes nobel laureates,[ ] fields medalists, as well as winners of the turing award, the so-called "nobel prize in computer science," comprising one third of the awards given in its -year history. the university has acm fellows. it is also affiliated with gödel prize winners, knuth prize recipients, ijcai computers and thought award winners, and about grace murray hopper award winners for their work in the foundations of computer science. stanford alumni have started many companies and, according to forbes, has produced the second highest number of billionaires of all universities.[ ][ ][ ] 	 			 			 herbert hoover, st president of the united states (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 susan rice, th united states ambassador to the united nations (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 julián castro, th united states secretary of housing and urban development; former presidential candidate (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 sandra day o'connor, former associate justice of the united states (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 anthony kennedy, former associate justice of the united states (llb, ) 			 		 	 			 			 stephen breyer, associate justice of the united states (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 dianne feinstein, u.s. senator from california and former mayor of san francisco (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 cory booker, u.s. senator from new jersey; former presidential candidate (ba, ; ma, ) 			 		 	 			 			 mitt romney, u.s. senator from utah, former governor of massachusetts, and former presidential candidate (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 jeff merkley, u.s. senator from oregon (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 adam schiff, u.s. representative from california (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 philippe of belgium, th king of the belgians (ma, ) 			 		 	 			 			 yukio hatoyama, rd prime minister of japan (phd, ) 			 		 	 			 			 rishi sunak, british politician and chancellor of the exchequer (mba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 sally ride, astronaut and physicist; first woman in space (ms, ; phd, ) 			 		 	 			 			 tom steyer, billionaire hedge fund manager and former presidential candidate (mba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 carly fiorina, ceo of hewlett-packard, former presidential candidate (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 mukesh ambani, billionaire business magnate and chairman of reliance industries (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 peter thiel, billionaire venture capitalist and co-founder of paypal (ba, ; jd, ) 			 		 	 			 			 larry page, co-founder and former ceo of google (ms, ) 			 		 	 			 			 jerry yang, co-founder and ceo of yahoo! (bs, ms, ) 			 		 	 			 			 elon musk, billionaire founder and ceo of tesla and spacex (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 reed hastings, co-founder and ceo of netflix (ms ) 			 		 	 			 			 sam harris, author and public intellectual (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 gretchen carlson, broadcast journalist and former host of fox & friends (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 rachel maddow, journalist and host of the rachel maddow show (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 raymond burr, emmy award-winning actor 			 		 	 			 			 reese witherspoon, academy award-winning actress (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 jennifer connelly, academy award-winning actress (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 sterling k. brown, emmy award-winning actor (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 alexander payne, academy award-winning film director (ba, ) 			 		 	 			 			 tiger woods, golfer (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 john elway, former football quarterback and general manager of the denver broncos (bs, ) 			 		 	 			 			 john mcenroe, tennis player (did not graduate) 			 		 	 			 			 john steinbeck, nobel prize-winning author of the grapes of wrath, east of eden, and of mice and men (did not graduate) 			 		 as of , stanford alumni have won the nobel prize.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] as of , stanford students or alumni have been named rhodes scholars.[ ] see also[edit] 	san francisco bay area portal 	california portal 	list of universities by number of billionaire alumni 	list of colleges and universities in california 	s*, a collaboration between seven universities and the karolinska institute for training in bioinformatics and genomics 	stanford school notes[edit] 	^ undergraduate school alumni who received the turing award: 	vint cerf: bs math stanford ; ms cs ucla ; phd cs ucla .[ ] 	allen newell: bs physics stanford ; phd carnegie institute of technology .[ ] graduate school alumni who received the turing award: 	martin hellman: be new york university , ms stanford university , phd stanford university , all in electrical engineering. professor at stanford – .[ ] 	john hopcroft: bs seattle university; ms ee stanford , phd ee stanford .[ ] 	barbara liskov: bsc berkeley ; phd stanford.[ ] 	raj reddy: bs from guindy college of engineering (madras, india) ; m tech, university of new south wales ; phd stanford .[ ] 	ronald rivest: ba yale ; phd stanford .[ ] 	robert tarjan: bs caltech ; ms stanford , phd .[ ] non-alumni former and current faculty, staff, and researchers who received the turing award: 	whitfield diffie: bs mathematics massachusetts institute of technology . visiting scholar at stanford – and an affiliate from – ; currently a consulting professor at cisac (the center for international security and cooperation at stanford university).[ ] 	doug engelbart: bs ee oregon state university ; ms ee berkeley ; phd berkeley . researcher/director at stanford research institute (sri) – ; director (bootstrap project) at stanford university – .[ ] 	edward feigenbaum: bs carnegie institute of technology , phd carnegie institute of technology . associate professor at stanford – ; professor at stanford – ; professor emeritus at stanford ( –present).[ ] 	robert w. floyd: ba , bsc physics, both from university of chicago. professor at stanford ( – ).[ ] 	sir antony hoare: undergraduate at oxford university. visiting professor at stanford .[ ] 	alan kay: ba/bs from university of colorado at boulder, phd from university of utah. researcher at stanford – .[ ] 	john mccarthy: bs math, caltech; phd princeton. assistant professor at stanford – ; professor at stanford – .[ ] 	robin milner: bsc from cambridge university. researcher at stanford university – .[ ] 	amir pnueli: bsc math from technion , phd weizmann institute of science . instructor at stanford ; visitor at stanford [ ] 	dana scott: ba berkeley , phd princeton . associate professor at stanford – .[ ] 	niklaus wirth: bs swiss federal institute of technology , msc universite laval, canada, ; phd berkeley . assistant professor at stanford university – .[ ] 	andrew yao: bs physics national university of taiwan ; am physics harvard ; phd physics, harvard ; phd cs university of illinois urbana–champagin assistant professor at stanford university – ; professor at stanford university – .[ ] 	^ it is often stated that stanford has the largest contiguous campus in the world (or the united states)[ ][ ] but that depends on definitions. berry college with over , acres ( .  sq mi; .  km ), paul smith's college with , acres ( .  sq mi; .  km ), and the united states air force academy with , acres ( ,  ha) are larger but are not usually classified as universities. duke university at , acres ( .  sq mi; .  km ) does have more land, but it is not contiguous. however the university of the south has over , acres ( .  sq mi; .  km ). 	^ the rules governing the board have changed over time. the original trustees were appointed for life in by the stanfords as were some of the subsequent replacements. in jane stanford changed the maximum number of trustees from to and set the term of office to years. on june , , she resigned her powers as founder and the board took on its full powers. in the s the board decided that members was not sufficient to do all the work needed and in march petitioned the courts to raise the maximum number to , of whom would be regular trustees serving -year terms and would be alumni trustees serving -year terms. in another petition was successfully made to have the number raised to a maximum of (with a minimum of ), that all trustees would be regular trustees, and that the university president would be a trustee ex officio.[ ] the last original trustee, timothy hopkins, died in ; 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"stanford women in business hosts events to boost entrepreneurship". the stanford daily. retrieved may , . 	^ "stanford marketing". retrieved february , . 	^ "become an associate". archived from the original on february , . retrieved february , . 	^ "spba". retrieved february , . 	^ "stanford axe committee: about us". retrieved october , . 	^ "founding of saio | native american cultural center". nacc.stanford.edu. retrieved october , . 	^ sanchez, tatiana (may , ). "stanford powwow celebrates native american history, culture". the mercury news. retrieved october , . 	^ "the stanford improvisors". stanford.edu. retrieved november , . 	^ "tall, grande, venti takes top bay college title to rep sf in nationals!". archived from the original on july , . 	^ "san francisco improv festival". sfimprovfestival.com. retrieved november , . 	^ "asha dandiya featured in india abroad magazine". asha stanford. november , . 	^ "adhik kadam's mile bike ride for donors". asha stanford. october , . 	^ "asha stanford welcome dinner: with adhik kadam and the borderless world foundation". allevents.in. 	^ "employment opportunities". stanford university department of public safety. retrieved june , . 	^ "safety & security results: crime statistics". stanford university department of public safety. retrieved june , . 	^ sheyner, gennady (october , ). "palo alto, stanford clash over fire services". palo alto online. retrieved june , . 	^ xu, victor (october , ). "a history of murder at stanford". stanford daily. retrieved june , . 	^ anderson, nick (june , ). "these colleges have the most reports of rape". washingtonpost.com. 	^ a b c d kadvany, elena (october , ). "one-third of stanford women experience sexual misconduct, survey finds". palo alto onilne. retrieved june , . 	^ nick anderson for the washington post. june , these colleges have the most reports of rape 	^ liam stack for the new york times. june , light sentence for brock turner in stanford rape case draws outrage 	^ ashley fantz for cnn june , outrage over -month sentence for brock turner in stanford rape case 	^ jacqueline lee for mercury news. june , stanford sex assault: brock turner gets months in jail 	^ fehely, devin (june , ). "stanford sex assault victim's story draws worldwide reaction". cbs sf bay area. retrieved june , . 	^ "voters oust judge who gave brock turner months for sex assault". cnn. june , . retrieved september , . 	^ katie benner for bloomberg news. february , benner on tech: parsing a sexual assault suit 	^ a b c emily bazelon for the new york times. february , the stanford undergraduate and the mentor 	^ emily bazelon for the new york times. november , the lessons of stanford’s sex-assault-case reversal 	^ "woman drops sex assault case against u.s. venture capitalist". 	^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "stanford facts: the stanford faculty". stanford university. . retrieved november , . 	^ "aps fellows archive". retrieved february , . 	^ "acl lifetime achievement award recipients". retrieved february , . 	^ "elected aaai fellows". retrieved february , . 	^ levy, dawn (july , ). "edward teller wins presidential medal of freedom". retrieved november , . teller, , is the third stanford scholar to be awarded a presidential medal of freedom. the others are nobel prize-winning economist milton friedman ( ) and former secretary of state george shultz ( ). 	^ thibault, marie (august , ). "billionaire university". forbes. retrieved april , . 	^ pfeiffer, eric w. (august , ). "what mit learned from stanford". forbes. retrieved april , . 	^ "stanford entrepreneurs". stanford university. retrieved march , . 	^ "alumni: stanford university facts". stanford university. retrieved december , . 	^ "stanford nobel laureates". stanford university. retrieved may , . 	^ "alvin e. roth – biographical". nobel foundation. retrieved may , . 	^ "richard e. taylor – biographical". nobel foundation. retrieved may , . 	^ "press release (nobel prize in chemistry )". nobel foundation. retrieved may , . 	^ "undergraduate profile: stanford university facts". stanford facts at a glance. stanford office of university communications. retrieved october , . further reading[edit] 	lee altenberg, beyond capitalism: leland stanford's forgotten vision (stanford historical society, ) 	ronald n. bracewell, trees of stanford and environs (stanford historical society, ) 	ken fenyo, the stanford daily years of headlines ( ) isbn  - - - 	jean fetter, questions and admissions: reflections on , admissions decisions at stanford ( ) isbn  - - - 	ricard joncas, david neumann, and paul v. turner. stanford university. the campus guide. princeton architectural press, . available online. 	stuart w. leslie, the cold war and american science: the military-industrial-academic complex at mit and stanford, columbia university press 	rebecca s. lowen, r. s. lowen, creating the cold war university: the transformation of stanford, university of california press external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to stanford university. 	official website 	stanford athletics website 	 texts on wikisource: 	"leland stanford jr. university". encyclopædia britannica ( th ed.). . 	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staff member at the world wide web consortium.[ ] she was previously with princeton's center for information technology policy. seltzer is also a fellow with harvard's berkman center for internet & society, where she founded and leads the lumen clearinghouse, which is aimed at helping internet users to understand their rights in response to cease-and-desist threats related to intellectual property and other legal demands.[ ] seltzer sits on the board of directors of the world wide web foundation.[ ] a former at-large liaison to the icann board of directors,[ ] she has advocated for increased transparency of the organization of, and for increased protection of, the privacy of internet users. previously, she was a visiting assistant professor at the northeastern university school of law and brooklyn law school, and a fellow at the information society project at yale law school.,[ ] and served on the board of directors of the tor project.[ ] before that, she was a staff attorney with the electronic frontier foundation, specializing in intellectual property and free speech issues. seltzer has an a.b. from harvard college and a j.d. from harvard law school. she is also a perl programmer.[ ] references[edit] 	^ "who's who at the world wide web consortium". retrieved - - . 	^ "wendy seltzer (profile)". berkman center for internet and society. retrieved - - . 	^ "world wide web foundation boards of directors". retrieved - - . 	^ "icann board of directors". retrieved - - . 	^ "yale law school". retrieved - - . 	^ "tor project, a digital privacy group, reboots with new board". retrieved - - . 	^ wendy.seltzer.org external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to wendy seltzer. 	people - berkman center for internet & society 	wendy seltzer's blog 	digital tv liberation front 	fulbright chair speaker series (mp ) 		v 	t 	e the onion router — onion routing 	authors of source code	 	darpa 	free haven 	massachusetts institute of technology 	office of naval research 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wikipedia 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 fail!lab fail!lab technology, libraries and the future! 	luddites, trumpism and change: a crossroads for libraries &# ;globalization is a proxy for technology-powered capitalism, which tends to reward fewer and fewer members of society.&# ; &# ; om malik corner someone and they will react. we may be seeing this across the world as change, globalization, technology and economic dislocation force more and more people into the corner of benefit-nots. they are reacting out [&# ;] 	is d printing dying? inc.&# ;s john brandon recently wrote about the slow, sad, and ultimately predictable decline of d printing. uh, not so fast. d printing is just getting started. for libraries whose adopted mission is to introduce people to emerging technologies, this is a fantastic opportunity to do so. but it has to be done right. another dead [&# ;] 	the state of the library website t&# ;was a time when the library website was an abomination. those dark days have lightened significantly. but new clouds have appeared on the horizon. darkest before the dawn in the dark ages of library websites, users suffered under ux regimes that were rigid, unhelpful and confusing. this was before responsive design became a standard in [&# ;] 	virtual realty is getting real in the library my library just received three samsung s devices with gear vr goggles. we put them to work right away. the first thought i had was: wow, this will change everything. my second thought was: wow, i can&# ;t wait for apple to make a vr device! the samsung gear vr experience is grainy and fraught with [&# ;] 	w c’s css framework review i&# ;m a longtime bootstrap fan, but recently i cheated on my old framework. now i&# ;m all excited by the w c&# ;s new framework. like bootstrap, the w c&# ;s framework comes with lots of nifty utilities and plug and play classes and ui features. even if you have a good cms, you&# ;ll find many of their code libraries [&# ;] 	ai first looking to the future, the next big step will be for the very concept of the “device” to fade away. over time, the computer itself—whatever its form factor—will be an intelligent assistant helping you through your day. we will move from mobile first to an ai first world. google founder&# ;s letter, april my library [&# ;] 	google analytics and privacy collecting web usage data through services like google analytics is a top priority for any library. but what about user privacy? most libraries (and websites for that matter) lean on google analytics to measure website usage and learn about how people access their online content. it&# ;s a great tool. you can learn about where people [&# ;] 	the l word i&# ;ve been working with my team on a vision document for what we want our future digital library platform to look like. this exercise keeps bringing us back to defining the library of the future. and that means addressing the very use of the term, &# ;library.&# ; when i first exited my library (and information science) [&# ;] 	locking down windows i&# ;ve recently moved back to windows for my desktop computing. but windows comes with enormous privacy and security issues that people need to take into account&# ;and get under a semblance of control. here&# ;s how i did it. there has been much written on this subject, so what i&# ;m including here is more of a [&# ;] 	killer apps & hacks for windows did the ux people at microsoft ever test windows ? here are some must have apps and hacks i&# ;ve found to make life on windows quick and easy. set hotkeys for apps sometimes you just want to launch an app from your keyboard. using a method on laptopmag.com, you can do this for most [&# ;] from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) | everybody's libraries 	 		 			 								 					 						everybody's libraries 					 				 				libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 										 							 						 								 			 			 				skip to content 									home 	about 	about the free decimal correspondence 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 		 	 	 		 			 			 				 					← everybody’s library questions: finding films in the public domain 					 				 				 											from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 					 					 						posted on december , 						by john mark ockerbloom 					 					 						 (tl;dr: i’m starting to implement services and publish data to support searching across library collections that use customized subject headings, such as the increasingly-adopted substitutes for lcsh terms like “illegal aliens”. read on for what i’m doing, why, and where i would value advice and discussion on how to proceed.) i’ve run the forward to libraries service for a few years now. as i’ve noted in earlier posts here, it’s currently used on the online books page and in some wikipedia articles to search for resources in your local library (or any other library you’re interested in) on a subject you’re exploring. one of the key pieces of infrastructure that makes it work is the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) system, which many research libraries use to describe their holdings. using the headings in the system, along with mappings between it and other systems for describing subjects (such as the english wikipedia article titles that forward to libraries knows how to relate to lcsh) allows researchers to find materials on the same subjects across multiple collections, using common terminology. there are limitations to relying on lcsh for cross-collection subject searches, though. first of all, many libraries, particularly those outside the us, do not use lcsh. some use other subject vocabularies. if a mapping has been defined between lcsh and another subject vocabulary (as has been done, for example, with mesh) one can use that mapping to determine search terms to use in libraries that use that subject vocabulary. we don’t yet have that capability in forward to libraries, but i’m hoping to add it eventually. changing the subjects i’m now also seeing more libraries that use lcsh, but that also use different terms for certain subjects that they find more appropriate for their users. while there is a process for updating lcsh terms (and its terms get updated on a monthly basis) the process can be slow, hard for non-specialists to participate in, and contentious, particularly for larger-scale subject heading changes. it can also be subject to pressure by non-librarians. the library of congress ultimately answers to congress (as its name suggests), and members of congress have used funding bills to block changes in subject headings that the librarian-run process had approved. they did that in for the subject heading “illegal aliens”, where librarians had recommended using other terms to cover subjects related to unauthorized immigration. the documentary film “change the subject” (linked with context in this article) has a detailed report on this controversy. four years after the immigration subject changes were blocked, some libraries have decided not to wait for lcsh to change, and are introducing their own subject terms. the university of colorado boulder, for example, announced in that they would use the term “undocumented immigrants” where the library of congress had “illegal aliens”. other libraries have recently announced similar changes. some library consortia have organized systematic programs to supersede outdated and offensive terms in lcsh in their catalogs. some groups now maintain specialized subject vocabularies that can both supplement and supersede lcsh terms, such as homosaurus for lgbt+-related subjects. and there’s also been increasing interest in using subject terms and classifications adapted to local communities. for instance, the brian deer classification system is intended to be both used and shaped by local indigenous communities, and therefore libraries in different locations that use it may well use different terms for some subjects, depending on local usage and interests. supporting cross-collection search in a community of localized catalogs we can still search across collections that use local terms, as long as we know what those terms are and how to translate between them. forward to libraries already uses a data file indicating wikipedia article titles that correspond closely to lcsh subjects, and vice versa. by extension, we can also create a data file indicating terms to use at a given library that correspond to terms in lcsh and other vocabularies, so we can see what resources are available at different places on a given topics. you can see how that works in practice at the online books page. as i write this, we’re still using the unaltered lcsh subjects (updated to october ), so we have a subject page showing free online books on “illegal aliens”. you can follow links from there to see what other libraries have. if you select the “elsewhere” link in the upper left column and choose the library of congress as the library to search, you’ll see what they hold under that subject heading. but if you instead choose the university of colorado boulder, you’ll see what they have under “undocumented immigrants”, the subject term they’ve adopted there. similar routing happens from wikipedia. the closest related wikipedia article at present is “illegal immigration”, and if you go down to the further reading section and select links in the library resources box, selecting “online books” or most libraries will currently take you to their “illegal aliens” subject search. but selecting university of colorado boulder (from “resources in other libraries” if you don’t already have it specified as your preferred library in wikipedia) will take you to their “undocumented immigrants” search. this routing applies two mappings, one from wikipedia terms to lcsh terms, and another from lcsh terms to local library terms. a common data resource these sorts of transformations are fundamentally data-driven. my forward to libraries github repository now includes a data file listing local subject terms that different libraries use, and how they relate to lcsh subject terms. (the library codes used in the file are the same ones that are used in my libraries data file, and are based on oclc and/or isil identifiers.) the local subject terms file is very short for now– as i write this, it only has enough data for the examples i’ve described above, but i’ll be adding more data shortly for other libraries that have announced and implemented subject headings changes. (and i’ll be glad to hear about more so i can add them.) as with other data in this repository, the data in this file is cc , so it can be used by anyone for any purpose. in particular, it could be be used by services other than my forward to libraries tool, such as by aggregated catalogs that incorporate data from multiple libraries, some of which might use localized subject terms that have lcsh analogues. where to go next what i’ve shown so far is not far removed from a proof-of-concept demo, but i hope it suggests ways that services can be developed to support searches among and across library collections with diverse subject headings. as i mentioned, i’ll be adding more data on localized subject headings as i hear about it, as well as adding more functionality to the forward to libraries service (such as the ability to link from a collection with localized subject headings, so i can support them in the online books page, or in other libraries that have such headings and want to use to the service). there are some extensions that could be done to the basic data model to support scaling up these sorts of localizations, such as customizations used by all the libraries in a given consortium, or ones that adopt wholesale an alternative set of subjects, whether that be mesh, homosaurus, or the subject thesaurus of a national library outside the us. even with data declarations supporting those sorts of “bulk” subject mappings, a universal subject mapping knowledge base could get large over time. i’ve created my own mapping file for my services, and for now i’m happy to grow it as needed and share the data freely. but if there is another suitable mapping hub already available or in the works, i’m happy to consider using that instead. it’s important to support exploration across a community of diverse libraries with a diverse array of subject terms and descriptions. i hope the tools and data i’ve described here will help advance us towards that goal, and that i can help grow them from their current nascent state to make them more broadly useful. share this: 	email 	print 	twitter 	facebook 	reddit 	 like this: like loading... 	related 											 					 						 													 						 							about john mark ockerbloom 							i'm a digital library strategist at the university of pennsylvania, in philadelphia.							 								 									view all posts by john mark ockerbloom →								 							 						 					 					 												this entry was posted in discovery, metadata, subjects, wikipedia. bookmark the permalink.											 				 				 					← everybody’s library questions: finding films in the public domain 					 				 				 			 	 		leave a reply cancel reply 	enter your comment here... 	 	 		fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: 			 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 					email (required) (address never made public) 					 				 				 					name (required) 					 				 				 					website 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 				 				 						 			 			you are commenting using your wordpress.com account.			 				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main content everybody's libraries | libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 	 		 			 								 					 						everybody's libraries 					 				 				libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 										 							 						 								 			 			 				skip to content 									home 	about 	about the free decimal correspondence 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 		 	 	 		 			 			 	 		← older posts 		 	 			 							from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				 (tl;dr: i’m starting to implement services and publish data to support searching across library collections that use customized subject headings, such as the increasingly-adopted substitutes for lcsh terms like “illegal aliens”. read on for what i’m doing, why, and where i would value advice and discussion on how to proceed.) i’ve run the forward to libraries service for a few years now. as i’ve noted in earlier posts here, it’s currently used on the online books page and in some wikipedia articles to search for resources in your local library (or any other library you’re interested in) on a subject you’re exploring. one of the key pieces of infrastructure that makes it work is the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) system, which many research libraries use to describe their holdings. using the headings in the system, along with mappings between it and other systems for describing subjects (such as the english wikipedia article titles that forward to libraries knows how to relate to lcsh) allows researchers to find materials on the same subjects across multiple collections, using common terminology. there are limitations to relying on lcsh for cross-collection subject searches, though. first of all, many libraries, particularly those outside the us, do not use lcsh. some use other subject vocabularies. if a mapping has been defined between lcsh and another subject vocabulary (as has been done, for example, with mesh) one can use that mapping to determine search terms to use in libraries that use that subject vocabulary. we don’t yet have that capability in forward to libraries, but i’m hoping to add it eventually. changing the subjects i’m now also seeing more libraries that use lcsh, but that also use different terms for certain subjects that they find more appropriate for their users. while there is a process for updating lcsh terms (and its terms get updated on a monthly basis) the process can be slow, hard for non-specialists to participate in, and contentious, particularly for larger-scale subject heading changes. it can also be subject to pressure by non-librarians. the library of congress ultimately answers to congress (as its name suggests), and members of congress have used funding bills to block changes in subject headings that the librarian-run process had approved. they did that in for the subject heading “illegal aliens”, where librarians had recommended using other terms to cover subjects related to unauthorized immigration. the documentary film “change the subject” (linked with context in this article) has a detailed report on this controversy. four years after the immigration subject changes were blocked, some libraries have decided not to wait for lcsh to change, and are introducing their own subject terms. the university of colorado boulder, for example, announced in that they would use the term “undocumented immigrants” where the library of congress had “illegal aliens”. other libraries have recently announced similar changes. some library consortia have organized systematic programs to supersede outdated and offensive terms in lcsh in their catalogs. some groups now maintain specialized subject vocabularies that can both supplement and supersede lcsh terms, such as homosaurus for lgbt+-related subjects. and there’s also been increasing interest in using subject terms and classifications adapted to local communities. for instance, the brian deer classification system is intended to be both used and shaped by local indigenous communities, and therefore libraries in different locations that use it may well use different terms for some subjects, depending on local usage and interests. supporting cross-collection search in a community of localized catalogs we can still search across collections that use local terms, as long as we know what those terms are and how to translate between them. forward to libraries already uses a data file indicating wikipedia article titles that correspond closely to lcsh subjects, and vice versa. by extension, we can also create a data file indicating terms to use at a given library that correspond to terms in lcsh and other vocabularies, so we can see what resources are available at different places on a given topics. you can see how that works in practice at the online books page. as i write this, we’re still using the unaltered lcsh subjects (updated to october ), so we have a subject page showing free online books on “illegal aliens”. you can follow links from there to see what other libraries have. if you select the “elsewhere” link in the upper left column and choose the library of congress as the library to search, you’ll see what they hold under that subject heading. but if you instead choose the university of colorado boulder, you’ll see what they have under “undocumented immigrants”, the subject term they’ve adopted there. similar routing happens from wikipedia. the closest related wikipedia article at present is “illegal immigration”, and if you go down to the further reading section and select links in the library resources box, selecting “online books” or most libraries will currently take you to their “illegal aliens” subject search. but selecting university of colorado boulder (from “resources in other libraries” if you don’t already have it specified as your preferred library in wikipedia) will take you to their “undocumented immigrants” search. this routing applies two mappings, one from wikipedia terms to lcsh terms, and another from lcsh terms to local library terms. a common data resource these sorts of transformations are fundamentally data-driven. my forward to libraries github repository now includes a data file listing local subject terms that different libraries use, and how they relate to lcsh subject terms. (the library codes used in the file are the same ones that are used in my libraries data file, and are based on oclc and/or isil identifiers.) the local subject terms file is very short for now– as i write this, it only has enough data for the examples i’ve described above, but i’ll be adding more data shortly for other libraries that have announced and implemented subject headings changes. (and i’ll be glad to hear about more so i can add them.) as with other data in this repository, the data in this file is cc , so it can be used by anyone for any purpose. in particular, it could be be used by services other than my forward to libraries tool, such as by aggregated catalogs that incorporate data from multiple libraries, some of which might use localized subject terms that have lcsh analogues. where to go next what i’ve shown so far is not far removed from a proof-of-concept demo, but i hope it suggests ways that services can be developed to support searches among and across library collections with diverse subject headings. as i mentioned, i’ll be adding more data on localized subject headings as i hear about it, as well as adding more functionality to the forward to libraries service (such as the ability to link from a collection with localized subject headings, so i can support them in the online books page, or in other libraries that have such headings and want to use to the service). there are some extensions that could be done to the basic data model to support scaling up these sorts of localizations, such as customizations used by all the libraries in a given consortium, or ones that adopt wholesale an alternative set of subjects, whether that be mesh, homosaurus, or the subject thesaurus of a national library outside the us. even with data declarations supporting those sorts of “bulk” subject mappings, a universal subject mapping knowledge base could get large over time. i’ve created my own mapping file for my services, and for now i’m happy to grow it as needed and share the data freely. but if there is another suitable mapping hub already available or in the works, i’m happy to consider using that instead. it’s important to support exploration across a community of diverse libraries with a diverse array of subject terms and descriptions. i hope the tools and data i’ve described here will help advance us towards that goal, and that i can help grow them from their current nascent state to make them more broadly useful. 							 	 			 									 						posted in discovery, metadata, subjects, wikipedia					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							everybody’s library questions: finding films in the public domain 			 			 									posted on march , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				 welcome to another installment of everybody’s library questions, where i give answers to questions people ask me (in comments or email) that seem to be useful for general consumption. before i start, though, i want to put in a plug for your local librarians.  even though many library buildings are closed now (as they should be) while we’re trying to get propagation and treatment for covid- under control, many of those libraries offer online services, including interactive online help from librarians. (many of our libraries are also expanding the scope and hours of these services during this health crisis.)   your local librarians will have the best knowledge of what’s available to you, can find out more about your needs when they talk to you, and will usually be able to respond to questions faster than i or other specific folks on the internet can. check out your favorite library’s website, and look for links like “get help” or “online chat” and see what they offer. ok, now here’s the question, extracted from a comment made by nicholas escobar to a recent post: i am currently studying at the university of edinburgh getting masters degree in film composition. for my final project i am required to score a minute film. i was thinking of picking a short silent film (any genre) in the public domain that is minutes (or very close to that length) and was wondering if you had any suggestions? there are three questions implied by this one: first, how do you find out what films exist that meet your content criteria?  second, how do you find out whether films in that set are in the public domain?  finally, how can you get access to a film so you can do things with it (such as write a score for it)? there are a few ways you can come up with films to consider.  one is to ask your local librarian (see above) or professor to recommend reference works or data sources that feature short films.  (information about feature films, which run longer, are often easier to find, but there’s a fair bit out there as well on short films.)  another is to search some of the reference works and online data sources i’ll mention in the other answers below. the answer to the copyright question depends on where you are.  in the united states, there are basically three categories of public domain films: 	first, there are films copyrighted before .  all such films’ copyrights have now expired in the us.  this covers most, but not all, of the commercial silent-film era; once the jazz singer came out in , movie studies quickly switched to films with sound. 	second, there are us films that entered the public domain because they did not take the steps required to secure or maintain their copyrights.  researching whether this has occurred with a particular film can be complicated, but because there’s been so much interest in cinema history, others have already researched the copyright history of many us films.  the wikipedia article “list of films in the public domain in the united states” cites a number of reference sources you can check for the status of various films.  (it also lists specific films believed to be in the public domain, but you should check sources cited in the article for those films, and not just take the word of what could be a random internet user before relying on that information.) 	third, there are films created in their entirety by the us government.  there’s a surprisingly large number of these, in various genres and lengths, with tens of thousands or more digitized in the internet archive’s united states government film collection or listed in the national archives catalog.  you can do lots of things with works of the united states government, which are generally not subject to copyright. that’s the situation in the united states, at least.  however, if you’re not in the united states, different rules may apply.  in edinburgh and elsewhere in the united kingdom (and in most of the rest of europe), works are generally copyrighted until the end of the th year after the death of the last author.  in the uk, the authors of a film are considered to be the principal director, the screenwriter(s), and the composer(s).  (for more specifics, see the relevant portion of uk law.)  however, some countries will also let the copyrights of foreign works expire when they do in their country of origin, and in those a us film that’s in the public domain in the us would also be public domain in those countries.  as you can see in the uk law section i link to, the uk does apply such a “rule of the shorter term” to films from outside the european economic area (eea), if none of the authors are eea nationals.  so you might be good to go in the uk with many, but not all, us films that are public domain in the us.  (i’m not a uk copyright expert, though; you might want to talk to one to be sure.) let’s suppose you’ve come up with some suitable possible films, either ones that are in the public domain, ones that have suitable creative commons licenses or you can otherwise get permission to score, or ones that are in-copyright but that you could score in the context of a study project, even if you couldn’t publish the resulting audiovisual work.  (educational fair use is a thing, though its scope also varies from country to country.  here a guide from the british library on how it works in the uk.)  we then move on to the last question: how do you get hold of a copy so you can write a score for it? the answer to that question depends on your situation.  right now, the situation for many of us is that we’re stuck at home, and can’t visit libraries or archives in person.  (and our ability to get physical items like dvds or videotapes may be limited too.)  so for now, you may be limited to films you can obtain online.  there are various free sources of public domain films: i’ve already mentioned the internet archive, whose moving image archive includes many films that are in the public domain (and many that are not, so check rights before choosing one to score).  the library of congress also offers more than , compilations and individual films free to all online.  and your local library may well offer more, as digital video, or as physical recordings (if you can still obtain those).  a number of streaming services that libraries or individuals can subscribe to offer films in the public domain that you can free free to set to music.  check with your librarian or browse the collection of your favorite streaming service. i’m not an expert in films myself.  folks reading this who know more, or have more suggestions, should feel free to add comments to this post while comments are open.  in general, the first librarians you talk to won’t usually be experts about the questions you ask.  but even when we can’t give definitive answers on our own, we’re good at sending researchers in productive directions, whether that’s to useful research and reference sources, or to more knowledgeable people.  i hope you’ll take advantage of your librarians’ help, especially during this health crisis.  and, for my questioner and other folks who are interested in scoring or otherwise building on public domain films, i’ll be very interested in hearing about the new works you produce from them.   							 	 			 									 						posted in copyright, publicdomain, questions					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							build a better registry: my intended comments to the library of congress on the next register of copyrights 			 			 									posted on march , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				 the library of congress is seeking public input on abilities and priorities desired for the next register of copyrights, who heads the copyright office, a department within the library of congress.  the deadline for comments as i write this is march , though i’m currently having trouble getting the form to accept my input, and operations at the library, like many other places, are in flux due to the covid- pandemic.  below i reproduce the main portion of the comments i’m hoping to get in before the deadline, in the hope that they will be useful for both them and others interested in copyright.  i’ve added a few hyperlinks for context. at root, the register of copyrights needs to do the job the position title implies: build and maintain an effective copyright registry. a well designed, up-to-date digital registry should make it easy for rightsholders to register, and for the public to use registration information. using today’s copyright registry involves outdated, cumbersome, and costly technologies and practices. much copyright data is not online, and the usability of what is online is limited. the library of congress is now redesigning its catalogs for linked data and modern interfaces. its copyright office thus also has an opportunity to build a modern copyright registry linked to library databases and to the world, with compatible linked data technologies, robust apis, and free open bulk downloads. the copyright office’s registry and the library of congress’s bibliographic and authority knowledge bases could share data, using global identifiers to name and describe entities they both cover, including publications, works, creators, rightsholders, publishers, serials and other aggregations, registrations, relationships, and transactions. the copyright office need not convert wholesale to bibframe, or to other library-specific systems. it simply needs to create and support identifiers for semantic entities described in the registry (“things, not strings“), associate data with them, and exchange data in standard formats with the library of congress catalog and other knowledge bases. as a comprehensive us registry for creative works of all types, the copyright office is uniquely positioned to manage such data. the deep backfile project at the university of pennsylvania (which i maintain) provides one example of uses that can be made of linked copyright data. at <https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/cinfo/colliers> is a page showing selected copyrights associated with collier’s magazine ( - ). it links to online copies of public domain issues, contents and descriptive information from external sources like fictionmags, wikidata, and wikipedia, and rights contact information for some of its authors. the information shown has no rights restrictions, and can be used by humans and machines. json files, and the entire deep backfile knowledge base, are available from this page and from github. it is not the copyright office’s job to produce applications like these. but it can provide data that powers them. much of our deep backfile data was copied manually from scanned catalog of copyright entries pages, and from online catalogs lacking easily exported or linked data. the copyright office and the library of congress could instead produce such data natively (first prospectively, eventually retrospectively). in the process, they could also cross-pollinate each other’s knowledge bases. to implement this vision, the register needs to understand library standards and linked open data technologies, gather and manage a skilled implementation team, and be sufficiently persuasive, trusted, and organized to bring stakeholders together inside and outside the copyright office and the library of congress to support and fund a new system’s development. if explained and implemented well, a registry of the sort described here could greatly benefit copyright holders and copyright users alike. the register of copyrights should also know copyright law thoroughly, implement sensible regulations required by copyright law and policy, and be a trusted and inclusive expert that rightsholders, users, and policymakers can consult. i expect other commenters to go into more detail about these skills, which are also useful in building a trustworthy registry of the sort i describe. but the copyright office is long overdue to be led by a register who can revitalize its defining purpose: register copyrights, in up-to-date, scalable, and flexible ways that encourage wide use of the creations they cover, and thus promote the progress of science and useful arts. update, march : as of the late afternoon on the day of the deadline, the form appears to be still rejecting my submission, without a clear error message.  it did, however, accept a very short submission without any attachment, and with a url pointing here.  so below i include the rest of my intended comment, listing top priorities. (the essay above was for the longer comment asked for about knowledge, skills, and abilities.) these priorities largely restate in summary form what i wrote above.   if anyone else reading this was unable to post their full comment by the deadline due to technical difficulties, you can try emailing something to me (or leaving a comment to this post) and posting a simple comment to that effect on the lc site, and i’ll do my best to get your full comment posted on this blog. 	priority # : make copyright registration data easy to use: data should be easy to search, consult, and analyze, individually and in bulk, by people and machines, linked with the library of congress’s rich bibliographic data, facilitating verification of copyright ownership, licensing from rightsholders, and cataloging and analysis by libraries, publishers, vendors, and researchers. 	 priority # : make effective copyright registration easy to do: ensure copyright registration is simple, inexpensive, supports a variety of electronic and physical deposits, and where possible supports persistent, addressible identifiers and accompanying data for semantic entities described in registrations, and their relationships. 	 priority # : be a trusted, inclusive resource for understanding copyright and its uses: creators, publishers, consumers, and policymakers all are concerned with copyright, and with possible reforms. the register should help all understand their rights, and provide expert and impartial advice and mediation for diverse copyright stakeholders and policymaking priorities. 	other factors: the register of copyrights should also be capable of creating, implementing, and keeping up to date appropriate regulations and practices required or implied by congressional statutes.  (for the “additional comments” attachment, i had a static pdf attachment showing the collier’s web page linked from my main essay, as it was on march .)   							 	 			 									 						posted in copyright, data, metadata, open access, serials					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							welcome to everybody’s online libraries 			 			 									posted on march , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				 as coronavirus infections spread throughout the world, lots of people are staying home to slow down the spread and save lives.  in the us, many universities, schools, and libraries have closed their doors.  (here’s what happening at the library where i work, which as i write this has closed all its buildings.)  but lots of people are still looking for information, to continue studies online, or just to find something good to read. libraries are stepping up to provide these things online.  many libraries have provided online information for years, through our own websites, electronic resources that we license, create, or link to, and other online services.  during this crisis, as our primary forms of interaction move online, many of us will be working hard to meet increased demand for digital materials and services (even as many library workers also have to cope with increased demands and stresses on their personal lives). services are likely to be in flux for a while.  i have a few suggestions for the near term: check your libraries’ web sites regularly. they should tell you whether the libraries are now physically open or closed (many are closed now, for good reason), and what services the library is currently offering.  those might change over time, sometimes quickly.  our main library location at penn, for instance, was declared closed indefinitely last night, less than hours before it was next due to reopen.   on the other hand, some digitally mediated library services and resources might not be available initially, but then become available after we have safe and workable procedures set up for them and sufficient staffing.    many library web sites also prominently feature their most useful electronic resources and services, and have extensive collections of electronic resources in their catalogs or online directories.  they may be acquiring more electronic resources to meet increased user demand for online content. some providers are also increasing what they offer to their library customers during the crisis, and sometimes making some of their material free for all to access. if  you need particular things from your library during this crisis, reach out to them using the contact information given on their website.  when libraries know what their users need, they can often make those needs a priority, and can let you know if and when they can provide them. check out other free online library services.    i run one of them, the online books page, which now lists over million books and serials freely readable online due to their public domain status or the generosity of their rightsholders.   we’ll be adding more material there over the next few weeks as we incorporate the listings of more collections, and respond to your requests.  there are many other services online as well.   wikipedia serves not only as a crowd-sourced collection of articles on millions of topics, but also as a directory of further online resources related to those topics.   and the internet archive also offers access millions of books and other information resources no longer readily commercially available, many through controlled digital lending and other manifestations of fair use.  (while the limits of fair use are often subject to debate, library copyright specialists make a good case that its bounds tend to increase during emergencies like this one.  see also kyle courtney’s blog for more discussion of useful things libraries can do in a health crisis with their copyright powers.) support the people who provide the informative and creative resources you value.  the current health crisis has also triggered an economic crisis that will make life more precarious for many creators.  if you have funds you can spare, send some of them their way so they can keep making and publishing the content you value.  humble bundles, for instance, offer affordable packages of ebooks, games, and other online content you can enjoy while you’re staying home, and pay for to support their authors, publishers, and associated charities.  (i recently bought their tachyon sf bundle with that in mind; it’s on offer for two more weeks as i write this.)  check the websites of your favorite authors and artists to see if they offer ways to sponsor their work, or specific projects they’re planning.  buy books from your favorite independent booksellers (and if they’re closed now, check their website or call them to see if you can buy gift cards to keep them afloat now and redeem them for books later on).  pay for journalism you value.  support funding robust libraries in your community. consider ways you can help build up online libraries.  many research papers on covid- and related topics have been opened to free access by their authors or publishers since the crisis began.  increasing numbers of scholarly and other works are also being made open access, especially by those who have already been paid for creating them.   if you’re interested in sharing your work more broadly, and want to learn more about how you can secure rights to do so, the authors’ alliance has some useful resources. as libraries shift focus from in-person to online service, some librarians may be busy with new tasks, while others may be left hanging until new plans and procedures get put into motion.  if you’re in the latter category, and want something to do, there are various library-related projects you can work on or learn about.  one that i’m running is the deep backfile project to identify serial issues that are in the public domain in less-than-obvious ways, and to find or create free digital copies of these serials (so that, among other things, people who are stuck at home can read them online).  i’ve recently augmented my list of serial backfiles to research to include serials held by the library in which i work, in the hopes that we could eventually find or produce digital surrogates for some of them that our readers (and anyone else interested) could access from afar.  i can also add sets for other libraries; if you’re interested in one for yours, let me know and i can go into more detail about the data i’m looking for.  (i’m not too worried about creating too many serial sets to research, especially since once information about a serial is added into one of the serial sets, it also gets automatically added into any other sets that include that serial.) take care of yourself, and your loved ones.  whether you work in libraries of just use them, this is a stressful time.  give yourself and those around you room and resources to cope, as we disengage from much of our previous activities, and deal with new responsibilities and concerns.  i’m gratified to see the response of the wikimedia foundation, for instance, which is committed both to keeping the world well-informed and up-to-date through wikipedia and related projects, and also to letting its staff and contractors work half-time for the same pay during the crisis, and waiving sick-day limits. among new online community support initiatives, i’m also pleased to see librarian-created resources like the ontario library association’s pandemic information brief, with useful information for library users and workers, and the covid glam discord community, a discussion space to support the professional and personal needs of people working in libraries, archives, galleries and museums. these will be difficult times ahead.  our libraries can make a difference online, even as our doors are closed.  i hope you’ll be able to put them to good use.   							 	 			 									 						posted in libraries, online books, open access					 																	| 					 comments 											 		 		 	 			 							public domain day : coming around again 			 			 									posted on january , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				i’m very happy for to be arriving.  as the start of the s, it represents a new decade in which we can have a fresh start, and hope to make better decisions and have better outcomes than some of what we’ve gone through in recent years.  and i’m also excited to have a full year’s worth of copyrighted works entering the public domain in much of the world, including in the us for the second year in a row after a -year public domain freeze. outside the us, in countries that still use the berne convention‘s “life plus years” copyright terms, works by authors who died in are now in the public domain.  (such countries include canada, new zealand, and a number of other countries mostly in asia and africa.)  many other countries, including most european countries, have extended copyright terms to life of the author(s) plus years, often under pressure from the united states or the european union.  in those countries, works by authors who died in are now in the public domain.  the public domain review has a “class of ” post featuring some of these authors, along with links to lists of other people who died in the relevant years. in the us, nearly all remaining copyrights from have now expired, just as copyrights from expired at the start of last year.  (the exceptions are sound recordings, which will still be under copyright for a little while longer.   but thanks to recent changes in copyright law, those too will join the public domain soon instead of remaining indefinitely in state copyright.)  i discussed some of the works joining the public domain in a series of blog posts last month, in the last one linking to some posts by others that mentioned new public domain arrivals from .  but i’m happy not just because of these specific works, but also because new arrivals to the us public domain are now an annual event, and not just something that happens with published works at rare intervals.  i could get used to this. it isn’t all good news this year.  the most recent draft of the intellectual property chapter of the us-canada-mexico trade agreement requires canada to extend its copyrights another years, making it freeze its public domain not long after we’ve unfrozen our own in the us.  but the agreement hasn’t yet been ratified, and could conceivably still be changed or rejected.  and the continued force of copyrights from the second half of the previous ’ s while we’re entering a new set of ’ s is a reminder that us copyright terms remain overlong; so long, in fact, that many works from that era are lost or severely deteriorated before their copyrights expire. but there’s now an annual checklist of things to do for me and for many other library organizations.  for me, some of the things to do for the online books page include: 	updating our documentation on what’s public domain  (done) and on what versions of our site are public domain (also done; as in previous years, i’m dedicating to the public domain works that i wrote whose copyrights i control that are were published more than years ago.  this year that includes the copyrights to the online books page.) 	removing the “no us access” notices from books i’d linked to at non-us sites, when i couldn’t previously establish that they were public domain here; and removing “us access only” notices for volumes at hathitrust, which over the next few days will be making -year-old volumes globally accessible without requiring author-death-date review.   (this and other activities below will start tomorrow and continue until done.) 	updating our list of first active renewals for serials and our “determining copyright status of serial issues” decision guide to reflect the expiration of ’s copyrights.  as part of this process, i’ll be deleting all the serial issue and contribution renewals currently recorded in our serials knowledge base, since they’re no longer in force.  if anyone wants to know what they were for historical or other analytical purposes, i have a zipped collection of all our serial renewals records as of the end of , available on request.  they can also be found in the january , commit of this github directory. 	adding newly opened or scanned books to our listings, through our automated oai harvests of selected digital collections, readers’ suggestions and requests, surveys of prize winners and other relevant collections, and our own bibliographer selections. all of this is work i’m glad to be doing this year, and hope to be doing more in the years to come.  (and i’m already streamlining our processes to make it easier to do in years to come.)  its the job of libraries to collect and preserve works of knowledge and creativity and make them easy for people to discover, access, and use.  it’s also our job to empower our users to draw on those works to make new ones.  as the public domain grows, we can freely collect and widely share more works, and our users can likewise build on and reuse more public domain works in their own creations. supporting the public domain, then, is supporting the work and mission of libraries.  i therefore hope that all libraries and their users will support a robust public domain, and have more works to celebrate and work with every year.  happy public domain day!       							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							 vision # : rhapsody in blue by george gershwin 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				it’s only a few hours from the new year where i write this, but before i ring in the new year, and a new year’s worth of public domain material, i’d like to put in a request for what music to ring it in with: george gershwin’s rhapsody in blue, which joins the public domain in the us as the clock strikes twelve, over years after it was first performed. the unofficial song for public domain day turned out to be “yes! we have no bananas”, one of the members of the first big class of us public domain works in the last years.  that’s a fun novelty song, and certainly memorable, but not something i necessarily want to hear a lot.  in contrast, for me rhapsody in blue has a freshness that makes it a joy for me to hear repeatedly, right from the opening clarinet glissando (apparently the idea of clarinetist ross gorman, who took the scale that gershwin had composed for the piece and gave it the bendy, slidy wail that tells you right away that this is no ordinary concert piece).  it’s brought together classical, popular, high-art and everyday music, as it’s been played and recorded countless times by jazz bands (the original scoring is for jazz band and piano), symphony orchestras, and pop musicans like billy joel.  even its licensing as an theme tune for an airline hasn’t diminished it. there’s lots of other work joining the public domain along with gershwin’s tune.  i’ve only had a chance to mention a few others in my short series, but others have mentioned more works you may find of interest. at the internet archive’s blog, elizabeth townsend gard writes about vera brittain’s not without honour and other works that will be in the public domain very soon.  duke’s public domain day post mentions various books, films, and musical compositions joining the public domain as well (and has more to say on rhapsody in blue).  wikipedia’s various articles also mention various works that will either be joining the public domain, or becoming more clearly established there.  and hathitrust will begin opening access to tens of thousands of scanned volumes from over the next few days. i’ll have more to say on the new arrivals tomorrow, sometime after the midnight bells chime.  by tradition, the first tune played in the new year is usually the public domain song “auld lang syne”.  but after that, at your new years’ party or at a later public domain celebration, you might enjoy hearing or playing gershwin’s new arrival in the public domain.     							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							 vision # : ding dong merrily on high by george ratcliffe woodward and others 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				it’s beginning to sound a lot like christmas everywhere i go.  the library where i work had its holiday party earlier this week, where i joined librarian colleagues singing christmas, hanukkah, and winter-themed songs in a pick-up chorus.  radio stations and shopping centers play a familiar rotation of popular seasonal songs whose biggest hits are from a surprisingly narrow date range centered in the s.  and more traditional familiar christmas carols, hymns, and songs are being sung and played in concert halls and churches well into january. the more “classic” christmas music often feels timeless to those of us singing and hearing it.  but while their roots often go back far, the form in which we know them is often much newer that we might think.  notice how the list in the previous link, for instance, includes “carol of the bells”, dated .  that’s when it was first published as a christmas song, one that’s still under copyright.  its roots are older, and darker, as is made clear in a recent slate article well worth reading. as noted there, the melody is based on a ukrainian folk tune (date unknown), its full musical setting composed by mykola leontovych (assassinated by a soviet agent in ), and christmas-themed lyrics written by the ukrainian-descended american musician peter wilhousky (who lived until ). while “carol of the bells” still has a number of years left to go on its copyright, another classic christmas carol will most likely be joining the public domain in the us in just under two weeks.  like carol of the bells, “ding dong merrily on high” is based on a folk tune, in this case a secular dance tune first published in france in the th century under the title “branle de l’official”.  in , george ratcliffe woodward, an english cleric already known for publishing collections of old songs, wrote lyrics for the tune recalling earlier ages, and included them in the cambridge carol-book, published that year by the society for promoting christian knowledge. charles wood, who’d collaborated with woodward on the earlier cowley carol book,  wrote a harmonization to go with it.  while you won’t hear it at every christmas service, it remains widely sung this time of year.  that’s in large part because it’s so much fun to sing, with its dance-like rhythms, its long bell-like vocal runs on “gloria” (something also heard in “angels we have heard on high“), and its praise of various forms of music (musicians liking to hear good things about themselves as much as anyone else). i don’t actually know for sure that “ding dong merrily on high” is still under copyright here.  i have not found a or copyright renewal for the song or the book it was published in, but i’m assuming that, if nothing else, gatt restoration retroactively secured and automatically renewed a us copyright for the song as published in the cambridge carol-book.  (folks with more knowledge or legal expertise are free to correct me on that.)  later published arrangements of the song may continue to have active copyrights, but only for material original to those arrangements.  ’s remaining copyrights, on the other hand, all end in the us on january .   (and since woodward and wood both died over years ago, the song’s already public domain in most other countries.) the arrival of , then, should at least clear up any ambiguity about the public domain status of the basic carol.  i appreciate that, in part because this song, like many other christmas carols, lives in a sort of liminal space between the private property regimes set up for copyright holders and the older, more informal understandings of folk culture.  both kinds of spaces have good reason to exist. on the one hand, it’s good to have more than a few people who can earn a living through music, and one important way many musicians do so is by controlling rights to their compositions.  on the other hand, the folk process, which originally gave rise to the tunes for both “ding dong merrily on high” and “carol of the bells”, is also a very good way of creating and passing on shared cultural works. conflict can rage when two different sets of cultural expectations around creative works try to occupy the same space.  that’s one reason we’ve seen decades of conflict in academia over open access, where scholarly work is largely published by companies that depend on its control and sale to earn money, while it’s largely written by scholars who earn their money in other ways, and tend to prefer free, widespread availability of their work.  sometimes informal arrangements work best to keep the peace.  publishers, for instance, have grown more used to free preprint servers, and memes and fan fiction communities have become more widely accepted (and even winning awards) as long as they stay well away from unauthorized commercial exploitation (where both big and small creators tend to draw the line). sometimes, though, it’s best to have a more formal understanding that works are free for anyone to freely use as we like.  that’s what we’ll have when ’s copyrights end, and the works they cover, such as “ding dong merrily on high” are clearly seen to be in the public domain.  and then, those of us who are so inclined can freely sing “hosanna in excelsis!“ 							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							 vision # : the most dangerous game by richard connell 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				“be a realist. the world is made up of two classes–the hunters and the huntees. luckily, you and i are hunters.” sanger rainsford speaks these words at the start of “the most dangerous game”, one of the most famous short stories of all time. first published in collier’s magazine in , it’s been reprinted in numerous anthologies, been adapted for radio, tv, and multiple movies, and assigned in countless middle and high school english classes.  the tropes established in the story, in which a hunter finds himself a “huntee”, are so well-established in present-day american culture that there are lengthy tv tropes pages not just for the story itself, but for the trope named by its title. up until now, the story’s been under copyright in the us, as well as in europe and other countries that have “life plus years” copyright terms.  (the author, richard connell,  died just over years ago in , so as of january , it will be public domain nearly everywhere in the world.)  anyone reprinting the story, or explicitly adapting it for drama or art has had to get permission or pay a royalty.  on the other hand, many creators have reused its basic idea– humans being hunted for sport or entertainment– without getting such permission. that’s because ideas themselves are not copyrightable, but rather the expression of those ideas.  and the basic idea long predates this particular story: consider, for instance, gladiators in roman arenas, or tributes being hunted down in the labyrinth by the minotaur of greek mythology.  but the particular formulation in connell’s short story, in which general zaroff, a former nobleman bored with hunting animals, lures humans to his private island to hunt and kill them for sport, is both distinctively memorable, and copyrightable.  stray too close to it, or quote too much from the story, and you may find yourself the target of lawyers.  (but perhaps not if you yourself are dangerous enough game.  i don’t know if the makers of “the incredibles“, which also featured a rich recluse using his wits and inventions to hunt humans on a private island, paid royalties to connell’s estate, or relied on fair use or arguments about uncopyrightable ideas.  but in any case, disney is better equipped to either negotiate or defend themselves against infringement lawsuits than others would be.) rereading the story recently, i’m struck by both how it reflects its time in some ways, and in how its action is surprisingly economical.  in , we were still living in the shadow of the first world war, in which multiple empires and noble houses fell, while others continued but began to teeter.  the deadly spectacles of public executions and lynchings were still not uncommon in the united states.  and the dividing of people into two classes– those who are inherently privileged and those who are left in the cold or even considered fair game– was particularly salient that year, as the second incarnation of the ku klux klan neared its peak in popularity, and as immigration law was changed to explicitly keep out people of the “wrong” national origin or race.  those sorts of division haunt our society to this day. rainsford objects to zaroff’s dehumanizing game in what we now tend to think of the story’s setup, which actually takes most of the story’s telling.  (the description of the hunt itself is relatively brief, and no words at all are used to describe the final showdown, which implicitly takes place in the gap between the story’s last two sentences.)  in the end, though, rainsford prevails by beating his opponent at his own game.  he doesn’t want to kill another human being, but when pressed to the extreme, he adopts his opponent’s rules (at the end giving zaroff the sporting warning “i am still a beast at bay… get ready”) and proves to be the better killer. with the story entering the public domain in less than three weeks, we’ll have the chance to reuse, adapt, and critique the story in quotation more freely than ever before.  i hope we use the opportunity not just to recapitulate the story, but to go beyond it in new ways. that’s what happens in the best reuses of tropes.  consider for instance, how in the hunger games books, the main character katniss repeatedly finds ways to subvert the trope of killing others for entertainment.  instead of prevailing by beating opponents at the deadly human-hunting game the enemy has created, she and her allies find ways to reject the game’s premise, cut it short, or prevent its recurrence. when, in days, we get another year’s worth of public domain works, i hope we too find ways not just to revisit what’s come before, but make new and better work out of them.  that’s something that the public domain allows everyone, and not just members of some privileged class, to do.           							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain					 																			 		 		 	 			 							 vision # : when we were very young by a. a. milne 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				i mentioned in my previous post that i was looking forward to works entering the public domain in the us as a routine annual event. this coming january , we’ll have the second large expiration of copyrights in the us since (the first being the most recent january ).  i’ve sometimes heard cynicism expressed that this would ever happen. some public domain fans will tell you that disney had been responsible for preventing valuable characters like mickey mouse from entering the public domain for decades, and that they’ll force more copyright extensions through before his copyright is scheduled to expire in a few years. personally, i think that’s a myth that makes despair too easy.  while disney has indeed been one of the companies that has lobbied for longer copyrights, they’re far from the only group that has done so, and their role is often exaggerated relative to other entertainment and publishing industry groups.  moreover, copyrights to some of their most profitable characters are already starting to expire, and  so far they have neither pushed hard to extend them, nor to my knowledge seen a loss in their profitably. i’m referring here to the a. a. milne characters that disney now owns (after some earlier legal battles were resolved): winnie-the-pooh, and his friends christopher robin, piglet, owl, and the other inhabitants of the hundred acre wood.  by some accounts they are as profitable as mickey, possibly more so.  and they probably will remain profitable even as their copyrights end. christopher robin’s first published appearance as a character, for instance, was in the poem “vespers” (whose most famous line is “christopher robin is saying his prayers”). it appeared in the january issue of vanity fair, and is already in the public domain in the us, as of the start of this year.  beginning in january , milne published more children’s poems featuring christopher robin and others in punch, which were republished later in the year in the book when we were very young.  that book was an international best-seller, and along with the later book winnie-the-pooh, it launched milne, his son, and his stuffed toys to worldwide fame and fortune (which, as i noted in last year’s post on milne’s success, was at best a mixed blessing for them.) i find when we were very young a delightful book.  like its successors, it isn’t straight-up nostalgic whimsy, but has a gently wry sensibility that parents may notice more readily than their children do.  along with “vespers”, some of the other verses (like the ones about changing guards at buckingham palace, and the king who likes “a little bit of butter in my bread”) are still well-known.  but the book is significant not just for the text, which is already in the public domain in some other countries with terms less than “life plus years”, but for ernest shepard’s illustrations for the book, which will be joining the public domain in the us along with milne’s poems.  those include recognizable likenesses not just of christopher robin, but of a certain bear that appears a few times, including in the upper left of the book’s cover: (image courtesy of wikimedia commons; they and i consider this low-resolution image fair use in our respective contexts.) the bear doesn’t yet have the name “winnie-the-pooh”.   in this book he’s just called “teddy bear”, or more formally, mr. “edward bear” (a name also used in his later book).  his appearance, as established in this book, joins the public domain next month.   the year after that, it will be joined by his “pooh” name and his first prose story (“the wrong sort of bees”, published in london’s evening news at christmastime ).  the following year, most of the rest of pooh’s hundred acre wood friends will join the public domain, along with the book winnie-the-pooh (which includes pooh’s bee story as its first chapter). tigger, who bounced into print two years later in the house at pooh corner, will be the last of the major milne characters to join the public domain, the same year as we can expect mickey mouse’s first copyrights to expire in the us. but disney will still have be able to profit substantially from its rights to pooh (and mickey).  after all, the winnie-the-pooh cartoons and movies they made came later, and their copyrights still have decades left on them.  disney’s likenesses of pooh and his friends also differ substantially from shepard’s, and will therefore also be under copyright for many more years. moreover, much of the revenue disney gets from these characters is not from their stories or cartoons, but from the merchandise associated with them– clothing, housewares, toys, and the like.  those can be protected by trademark, and unlike copyrights, trademarks for various kinds of goods and services do not expire as long as their owners keep using them along similar lines.  (for example, while the character peter pan is no longer copyrighted in most countries, trademarks restrict using him to promote things like peanut butter and bus transportation to his current licensees.) someone who wants to reuse christopher robin, pooh, and mickey mouse in creative works after their copyrights expire might still need to be careful about how they promote that work.  but courts have made it clear in cases like dastar v. twentieth century fox that trademark cannot be used to create a de-facto perpetual copyright.  i expect that over the next few years we’ll see some legal skirmishing over where to draw the line between unrestricted creativity and restricted merchandising, for disney’s characters now entering the public domain.  (we’ve seen similar conflicts over tarzan in the past, even as many of his stories have long been in the public domain and freely available online.) personally, i’m content if winnie-the-pooh-branded bedsheets and bubble bath remain disney’s domain, as long as readers can freely enjoy milne’s stories and shepard’s drawings, and writers and artists can adapt them into new stories, scenes, and objects (and promote those new works within reasonable guidelines).  i’m hoping we’ll keep getting new arrivals to the public domain every year, from in january, then next year, and so on. and i’m hopeful that we will, as long as so many of us appreciate and make clear the value of a growing public domain, that those who might otherwise try to extend copyright further can’t ignore us. 							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain					 																			 		 		 	 			 							 vision # : opportunity 			 			 									posted on december , 					by john mark ockerbloom 							 					 				in just thirty days from when this post appears, a new crop of works will join the public domain. exactly what will come out of copyright will vary by country.  in europe and other places with “life+ years” copyright terms, works by authors who died in will join the public domain on january , .  in countries that still have “life+ years” terms, works by authors who died in will.  and in the united states, copyrights that were secured in that are still in force will expire. as an american, i’m especially excited about the works in that last set.  for most of the st century to date, almost nothing entered the public domain in the us, after a law extended copyright terms by years.  then last year, all copyrights still active from expired, and we finally had a public domain day here with lots of new published works that many people noted and celebrated.  and it looks like we’re going to get another big set of works from in the public domain next month. last year, i was so excited about the coming of the first substantial public domain day here in a long time that i wrote advent calendar posts every day in december, discussing works from that would (and did!) join the public domain in .  it was a lot of fun, but also a lot of work. i thought it worth the effort, though, to note such a big change in the copyright environment we’d grown accustomed to.  but i wasn’t planning to do all that work again this year. a few thing, though, have made me reconsider, at least in part.   one of them was an article i saw today about a new collection of stories by zora neale hurston being published in early , hitting a straight lick with a crooked stick.  now recognized as a major th century american writer, hurston published works in a variety of genres and forums from the s through the s.  however, she was not well known outside of african american and literary scholarship circles until the s, when alice walker wrote an article in ms. magazine in appreciation of her work, and her novel their eyes were watching god was reprinted and became a best-seller. hurston’s new collection brings back into print a number of her early short stories, which the publisher’s blurb describes as “lost” and “in forgotten periodicals and archives”.  my first thought on reading the blurb was to be annoyed about the erasure of the librarians and archivists who collected, cataloged, and preserved those publications and thereby ensured that they were not, in fact, lost or forgotten.  but then, on further reflection, i realized that for much of the general public, they might as well have been lost, since many people do not have easy access to the libraries and archives that hold them. one of hurston’s early stories, “drenched in light”, appeared in the december issue of opportunity: journal of negro life, which published a variety of articles, stories, poems, studies, and art by african americans.  the journal began in , and hathitrust opened access to its first volume on public domain day at the start of this year.  my listing for the journal also includes some later volumes of the magazine, since as it turns out, the publishers did not renew copyrights for issues prior to the s.  (most of its authors didn’t renew their contributions either, as you can see in the full set of renewals we’ve found for opportunity.)  my listings do not yet, however, include the volume.  hathitrust has a scan of it, but neither they nor anyone else has yet opened access to it, presumably because no one with a scan feels confident enough about its rights status to do so yet.  i expect it to become visible in days, when ’s remaining copyrights expire in the us and hathitrust opens its volumes from . those without access to opportunity in print might be able to read “drenched in light” before then in hurston’s previously published complete stories collection.  but they won’t be able to view the rich context in which it first appeared, from all the other writers and artists who had work published in opportunity in – even though as i noted in one of last year’s advent calendar entries, many early african-american publications, including many of hurston’s stories, did not get renewed copyrights. between now and public domain day , i’ll be posting on works published in , both the famous and the obscure, that i look forward to coming into clearer view in the new year.  some will be joining the public domain on january .  some, like the opportunity issues, are already in the public domain, but are not as widely accessible as they could be.  (though many of them can be found in my library, and perhaps in yours.)  i won’t write a post every day, but i hope to publish a fair number on a variety of works by the new year.  you’re welcome to participate, either directly, such as by suggesting works or contributing comments, or indirectly, such as by contributing further information about what’s in the public domain or soon will be.  (our copyright information for opportunity, for instance, is part of penn’s serials copyright knowledge base that you can add to.) i hope public domain day will be an annual cause for celebration in the united states and elsewhere.  i want new arrivals to the public domain to become routine, but not taken for granted, lest the public domain be frozen again as it was for far too many years.  i hope this series of posts, and other work being done by libraries, readers, and fans of the public domain worldwide, help us recognize the treasures of the public domain and bring more of them to light. 							 	 			 									 						posted in publicdomain, serials					 																			 		 		 	 				 					← older posts 					 				 			 		 		 							 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 				 rss feed 		 	pages 				about 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 	 		recent posts 			 					from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 									 	 					everybody’s library questions: finding films in the public domain 									 	 					build a better registry: my intended comments to the library of congress on the next register of copyrights 									 	 					welcome to everybody’s online libraries 									 	 					public domain day : coming around again 									 		 	recent comments 					 							john mark ockerbloom on everybody’s library questions: newspaper copyrights, notices, and renewals						 	 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(optional) 			 			post to 			 			 				cancel 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 					 		 	 				 		 none libraries – erin white libraries – erin white library technology, ux, the web, bikes, #rva 	trans-inclusive design at a list apart i am thrilled and terrified to say that i have an article on trans-inclusive design out on a list apart today. i have read a list apart for years and have always seen it as the site for folks who make websites, so it is an honor to be published there. 	coming out as nonbinary at work this week, after years of working at vcu libraries, i have been letting my colleagues know that i&# ;m nonbinary. response from my boss, my team, and my colleagues has been so positive, and has made this process so incredibly easy. i didn&# ;t really have a template for a coming-out message, so ended up writing [&# ;] 	what it means to stay seven years ago last month i interviewed for my job at vcu. i started work a few months later, assuming i&# ;d stick around for a couple of years then move on to my next academic library job. instead i found myself signing closing papers on a house on my sixth work anniversary, having decided to [&# ;] 	back-to-school mobile snapshot this week i took a look at mobile phone usage on the vcu libraries website for the first couple weeks of class and compared that to similar time periods from the past couple years. here&# ;s some data from the first week of class through today. note that mobile is  . % of web traffic. to round [&# ;] 	recruiting web workers for your library in the past few years i&# ;ve created a couple of part-time, then full-time, staff positions on the web team at vcu libraries. we now have a web designer and a web developer who&# ;ve both been with us for a while, but for a few years it was a revolving door of hires. so let&# ;s just say i&# ;ve hired lots [&# ;] 	easier access for databases and research guides at vcu libraries today vcu libraries launched a couple of new web tools that should make it easier for people to find or discover our library&# ;s databases and research guides. this project&# ;s goal was to help connect “hunters” to known databases and help “gatherers” explore new topic areas in databases and research guides . our web redesign task force [&# ;] 	why this librarian supports the ada initiative this week the ada initiative is announcing a fundraising drive just for the library community. i&# ;m pitching in, and i hope you will, too. the ada initiative&# ;s mission is to increase the status and participation of women in open technology and culture. the organization holds adacamps, ally workshops for men, and impostor syndrome trainings; and [&# ;] 	a new look for search at vcu libraries this week we launched a new design for vcu libraries search (our instance of ex libris&# ; primo discovery system). the guiding design principles behind this project: mental models: bring elements of the search interface in line with other modern, non-library search systems that our users are used to. in our case, we looked to e-commerce websites [&# ;] 	library lessons from the new york times digital strategy report cross-posted from vcu libraries&# ; intranet with minor edits. last week a new york times employee leaked an internal digital strategy report that&# ;s a stark case for change in the organization. here are some of the things that resonated with me about how this report dovetails with our digital strategies at vcu libraries and in libraryland. takeaways automate → innovate →  transform [&# ;] 	takeaways from code lib i enjoyed the hell out of code lib  in raleigh, nc back in march. code lib is a group of library/ish web/software developers/aficionados. we are loosely organized around a listserv, an annual conference and regional sub-conferences, and an open-access journal. this year i took pretty-okay notes for most of the sessions, but i wanted to loop back a few weeks after the fact [&# ;] from my library to yours | everybody's libraries 	 		 			 								 					 						everybody's libraries 					 				 				libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 										 							 						 								 			 			 				skip to content 									home 	about 	about the free decimal correspondence 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 		 	 	 		 			 			 				 					← public domain day : or, there and back again 					from wikipedia to our libraries → 				 				 											from my library to yours 					 					 						posted on february , 						by john mark ockerbloom 					 					 						even with well over one and half million books and serials, the collection i maintain at the online books page is far from comprehensive.  the gaps in coverage are not hard to notice at sites like mine, because most material published under copyright– which can be as much as years old at this point– is not made freely available online.  but all libraries, no matter how large or well-provisioned, have their gaps.  no one can collect everything, and a persistent reader or researcher will eventually find that their questions and interests go beyond the bounds of any particular collection. however, there are lots of libraries out there, as well as lots of online information and literature that hasn’t been collected into an institutional library.  a good library, of whatever size, serves its users well by collecting the most useful materials it can get for their needs, and helping them get whatever else they need in other places.  jeff jarvis expressed this basic idea well a few years ago when discussing news organizations: “cover what you do best.  link to the rest.” many libraries already do this, in certain ways.  the inter-library loan system helps library users who know they want a particular title their own library doesn’t have.  many libraries also maintain links to websites on various topics from their own library website or catalog.  but these links, often maintained separately by each library, can only cover so much ground, as librarians have limited time to collect and maintain links.  even consortially maintained collections of links struggle to go beyond fairly generalized or particular-niche focuses, and stay current. libraries can do more, though.  people coming to a library often have a particular topic in mind that they want to learn or read more about.  they’re often looking for something they can pick up quickly, and for free.  knowing what that topic is, we should be able to point them towards useful literature they can quickly and freely obtain, whether or not it’s a title they already had in mind, and whether or not it’s in our own collection or something we link to directly.  that’s the purpose of some new links now available on the online books page. for example, say you’re a high school student looking for books on the underground railroad.  if you browse to this subject on the online books page, you’ll find a number of free online books i list on this topic, and related topics.  as before, you can explore those related topics, if you’re interested (maybe checking out fugitive slave biographies, for instance); or you can try digging deeper for books specifically on the underground railroad via the extended shelves. but most of what you’ll find on my site will be th century and early th century materials.  your local library is likely to have books you can freely read as well, reflecting more up-to-date historical research, as well as books that might be more accessible to a high school student.  there might also be useful research materials online that you can look at for free. that’s why there’s a new “see also…” note just under the big “underground railroad” heading.  if you click on the words “your library” in that note, you’ll be referred to your regular library, if we know about it, to see what they have on the underground railroad.  (if you haven’t already told us which local library you want to use regularly, we give you a list of choices.  it’s a pretty small list to start with, but i’m taking requests for more libraries to add.  or you can opt for oclc’s worldcat.org– they cover lots of libraries throughout north america and beyond.)  even after you register a preferred library, you’re not stuck with only using that one.  you can click on the “elsewhere” link in the note to try a different library or service from the one you usually check– like maybe the university library that’s near your public library (or vice versa). you might also want to find online research resources that aren’t books.  for some of those, try clicking on the wikipedia link provided for this subject.  while the quality and reliability of wikipedia articles themselves can vary, most mature wikipedia entries include a rich set of useful links to more information.  (i’ve discussed previously how useful wikipedia is as a concept-oriented catalog.)  the references and external links on wikipedia’s underground railroad article, for instance, cover a wide range of informational websites, contemporary and current books, and digital library collections. similarly, if you’re looking at a list of online books by a particular author (like, say, w. e. b. dubois), you’ll find a link at the bottom of the page to find more books by the author in libraries, as well as links to online books or wikipedia articles about the author near the top.  there are also links to find library copies of a particular book on its detailed catalog page; see for instance, the links at the bottom of our catalog entry for the souls of black folk.  this can be useful for people who want a print copy, or a different edition from the ones we list. so far, i’ve added links from the online books page to wikipedia for more than , subjects, and links to library catalogs for millions of subjects, authors, and titles.  (my thanks to oclc, the library of congress, and wikipedia for providing bulk access to the data that makes it possible to do much of this automatically.)  i’ll be developing this service further, and doing more things with this data, in ways that i hope to describe here shortly.  but i hope this first step is a useful demonstration of ways that different kinds of libraries and catalogs– online and local, academic and public, institutional and informal– can support each other through user-directed, context-sensitive, concept-level links between collections. share this: 	email 	print 	twitter 	facebook 	reddit 	 like this: like loading... 	related 											 					 						 													 						 							about john mark ockerbloom 							i'm a digital library strategist at the university of pennsylvania, in philadelphia.							 								 									view all posts by john mark ockerbloom →								 							 						 					 					 												this entry was posted in libraries, online books. bookmark the permalink.											 				 				 					← public domain day : or, there and back again 					from wikipedia to our libraries → 				 				 			 			 			 responses to from my library to yours			 				 		 			 								jonah says:			 			 			 				february , at : pm			 			hey john, i have this idea, and i would like your opinion. i’ve been reading your blog and you seem very passionate to the idea of openness and free books, obviously. i’m writing a novel and i want to release it for free. for a couple reasons, to not do so seems strikingly dissident with its content, and because i think it’s an incredibly interesting experiment. i can see multiple problems in this, but the biggest thing i’m worried about is how do you suggest that it’s good content while still making it free? (i’m sure you are already wary of this. my uncle tells this story, he worked in a skate shop, they charged bucks for a sharpen, but when they raised the price to they tripled their business, as the premier sharpeners in town. i also think it has other ideas, the physical, malleable copy of a book is something you commit to buy. ‘well since i bought this book i should probably read it’). convincing people to read the book has to consider, incredibly, ease of access. so i’ve been thinking of starting my own website, or a simple wordpress blog, but ideally i would not like to host it, an option that occurred to me after seeing sites like yours. with this new wave of ebooks, a route i considered, there are already many suggestions on building an online presence yadda yadda, but i think ideas can do more. anyways, there are many other considerations, editing, and the aesthetics of the online page. i’m curious what you think. 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								elaine says:			 			 			 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lib) https://pinboard.in/t:code lib/ 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 listserv . - code lib archives - - t : : + : https://lists.clir.org/cgi-bin/wa?a =code lib;e bc . miaridge rt @kiru: i forgot to post the call earlier: the code lib journal () is looking for volunteers to join its editorial committee. deadline: oct. #code lib code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:miaridge/b:e e fb / 	 - c l [ ] future role of libraries in researcher workflows - google slides - - t : : + : https://t.co/jcoe mvhd elibtronic research-lifecycle code lib publish scholarly-communication https://pinboard.in/u:elibtronic/b: b f a/ 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ aarontay new issue of the the #code lib journal published. some terrific looking papers, including a review of pids for heri… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:aarontay/b: b b d/ 	 ( ) https://journal.code lib.org/ - - t : : + : https://journal.code lib.org/ miaridge rt @kiru: i am very happy to announce the publication of the @code lib journal issue # : webscraping… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:miaridge/b: f c d d c/ 	 	 the code lib journal – column: we love open source software. no, you can’t have our code - - t : : + : https://journal.code lib.org/articles/ pfhyper librarians are among the strongest proponents of open source software. paradoxically, libraries are also among the least likely to actively contribute their code to open source projects. this article identifies and discusses six main reasons this dichotomy exists and offers ways to get around them. code lib library libt opensource finalproject https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:pfhyper/b: da d a b / 	 	 	 	 	 the code lib journal – barriers to initiation of open source software projects in libraries - - t : : + : https://journal.code lib.org/articles/ pfhyper libraries share a number of core values with the open source software (oss) movement, suggesting there should be a natural tendency toward library participation in oss projects. however dale askey’s code lib column entitled “we love open source software. no, you can’t have our code,” claims that while libraries are strong proponents of oss, they are unlikely to actually contribute to oss projects. he identifies, but does not empirically substantiate, six barriers that he believes contribute to this apparent inconsistency. in this study we empirically investigate not only askey’s central claim but also the six barriers he proposes. in contrast to askey’s assertion, we find that initiation of and contribution to oss projects are, in fact, common practices in libraries. however, we also find that these practices are far from ubiquitous; as askey suggests, many libraries do have opportunities to initiate oss projects, but choose not to do so. further, we find support for only four of askey’s six oss barriers. thus, our results confirm many, but not all, of askey’s assertions. code lib library libt opensource finalproject https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:pfhyper/b: f d e / 	 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink rt @kiru: the #code lib journal's issue ( / ) has been just published: . worldcat search api, go… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:d cd f e / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink rt @mjingle: who's excited for the next #code lib conference?! it will be in pittsburgh, pa from march - . is your org interes… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: defc eb / 	 attempto project - - t : : + : http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/site/ blebo nlp basic cnl computationallinguistics controlledlanguage controlled_language code lib compsci english knowledgerepresentation https://pinboard.in/u:blebo/b: a b f a fd/ 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ danbri when our grandchildren ask about the great #code lib irc battle of the tisane, we will serve them both tea and coff… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:danbri/b: ce a e/ 	 code lib recap – bloggers! - - t : : + : https://saaers.wordpress.com/ / / /code lib- -recap/ geephroh code lib digitallibraries research saa archives https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:geephroh/b: afd / 	 	 	 	 	 digital technologies development librarian | nc state university libraries - - t : : + : https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/jobs/ehra/dtdl cdmorris we're hiring a digital technologies development librarian @ncsulibraries ! #job #libjobs #code lib #dlf #libtech dlf libtech code lib job libjobs https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:cdmorris/b:cf e f / 	 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink ) all the men who want to preserve the idea of a #code lib discussion space as one that's free of such topics as s… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:d f / 	 google refine cheat sheet (code lib) - - t : : + : https://code libtoronto.github.io/ - - -access/googlerefinecheatsheets.pdf psammead openrefine code lib how-to cheatsheet https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:psammead/b:d c d / 	 	 	 	 untitled (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icblvnchpnw) - - t : : + : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icblvnchpnw cdmorris code lib southeast happening today! live stream starting at : am eastern. #code libse #code lib code libse code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:cdmorris/b:d cf c/ 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ lbjay it occurs to me the #code lib statement of support for chris bourg, , offers a better model… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:lbjay/b:d d c f/ 	 github - code lib/c l -keynote-statement: code lib community statement in support of chris bourg - - t : : + : https://github.com/code lib/c l -keynote-statement lbjay it occurs to me the #code lib statement of support for chris bourg, , offers a better model… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:lbjay/b: b ef c / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink now that the #code lib discord is up & running, i'm contemplating leaving slack overall, with exception for plannin… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:c d f ddd d/ 	 ( ) https://twitter.com/palcilibraries/status/ /photo/ - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/palcilibraries/status/ /photo/ cdmorris talking privacy and ra at #c l with dave lacy from @templelibraries #code lib c l code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:cdmorris/b: f c c f / 	 	 scope: an access interface for dips from archivematica - - t : : + : https://github.com/cca-public/dip-access-interface sdellis archives code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:sdellis/b: ef d c / 	 	 review, appraisal and triage of mail (ratom) - - t : : + : http://ratom.web.unc.edu/ sdellis archives code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:sdellis/b: cdd / 	 	 national web privacy forum - msu library | montana state university - - t : : + : http://www.lib.montana.edu/privacy-forum/ sdellis privacy analytics code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:sdellis/b: b db e / 	 	 	 the code lib journal - - t : : + : https://journal.code lib.org/ ratledge code lib library_technology journal https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:ratledge/b: a f c b / 	 	 	 code lib | we are developers and technologists for libraries, museums, and archives who are dedicated to being a diverse and inclusive community, seeking to share ideas and build collaboration. - - t : : + : https://code lib.org/ ratledge code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:ratledge/b: cfc ccb / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ verwinv ne'er had the pleasure to attend #code lib myself ... but if you're thinking about it but can't afford to go - ther… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b:f ceb/ 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/justindlc/status/ /photo/ librariesval rt @justindlc: pre-conference meetup at ormsby's for code lib southeast ! #code libse #code lib code lib code libse https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:librariesval/b: c ad b / 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink thanks @lydia_zv @redlibrarian and jolene (are you on twitter, i can find you?) for a great #code lib day! it was… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: faa e bad/ 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink my slides and speakers notes from #code lib #c ln on ursula franklin's "real world of technology" (which i really… code lib c ln https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:a ed a fc / 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink in an unfortunate timing, it appears the code lib wiki is down the first day of #code lib north - there's a cache o… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: edcfb c/ 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ jbfink rt @kiru: just off the (word)press: the #code lib journal issue is available: . great articles writ… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:db c bb a / 	 the code lib journal - - t : : + : http://journal.code lib.org/ jbfink rt @kiru: just off the (word)press: the #code lib journal issue is available: . great articles writ… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: be / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/gitwishes/status/ lbjay this is all of #code lib working on @bot lib circa . code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:lbjay/b: e b b / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/gmcharlt/status/ danbri this is fabulous news for the cultural heritage open source world. big ups to @code lib and @clirdlf! #code lib code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:danbri/b: cbe ff f / 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ miaridge rt @achdotorg: we too co-sign the #code lib community statement in support of @mchris duke. we continue to admire an honor our col… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:miaridge/b:cf f d e / 	 code lib/c l -keynote-statement: code lib community statement in support of chris bourg - - t : : + : https://github.com/code lib/c l -keynote-statement jbfink code lib github https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: b f bd / 	 	 code lib community statement in support of chris bourg | c l -keynote-statement - - t : : + : https://code lib.github.io/c l -keynote-statement/ wragge rt @clirdlf: we’re proud to stand with the #code lib community in support of #c l keynoter @mchris duke: code lib c l https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:wragge/b:d e b e / 	 	 matthew reidsma : auditing algorithms - - t : : + : https://matthew.reidsrow.com/talks/ malantonio <blockquote>talks about libraries, technology, and the web by matthew reidsma.</blockquote> algorithms bias search libraries technology code lib code lib- https://pinboard.in/u:malantonio/b: dd c f / 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 for the love of baby unicorns: my code lib keynote | feral librarian - - t : : + : https://chrisbourg.wordpress.com/ / / /for-the-love-of-baby-unicorns-my-code lib- -keynote/ petej code lib diversity technology libraries inclusion mansplaining https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:petej/b: d e f / 	 	 	 	 	 	 jira for archives - google slides - - t : : + : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/ uwywg -nt qjm-j haavsoh ikzucax efbnlcy /edit#slide=id.g a ccaec_ _ malantonio see https://youtu.be/ cno sernxi?t= h m s for presentation code lib code lib- libraries work-life https://pinboard.in/u:malantonio/b: fc b e / 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/justin_littman/status/ /photo/ aarontay rt @justin_littman: peer review of my #code lib poster on "where to get twitter data for academic research." code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:aarontay/b:c c e d/ 	 availability calendar - kalorama guest house - - t : : + : https://secure.rezovation.com/reservations/availabilitycalendar.aspx?s=ut fw wid skorasaurus kalorama guest house code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:skorasaurus/b: f ea / 	 ( ) https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ docdre rt @nowviskie: icymi: #code lib registration is open! @mmsubram & @mchris duke to keynote, reception in the great hall… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:docdre/b: e f cb/ 	 ( ) https://twitter.com/freethefiles/status/ /photo/ - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/freethefiles/status/ /photo/ verwinv yay! i'm presenting at #code lib. and i can say hello to walter forsberg, @hbmcd and @cristalyze! code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: bf d / 	 ( ) https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ verwinv registration for #code lib is now open! and its being held in #washingtondc where our #memorylab is - so come visit… washingtondc code lib memorylab https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: bc fa c/ 	 	 	 code lib - washington, d.c. - - t : : + : http:// .code lib.org/ verwinv last day to vote #code lib program! don't forget 😓! code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: efcaa db a / 	 presentation voting survey - - t : : + : https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/c l -presentations verwinv vote #code lib proposals rather than the presenters. new anonymity feature! check it: got until / code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: a e b / 	 lodlam challenge winners - - t : : + : https://summit .lodlam.net/ / / /lodlam-challenge-winners/ miaridge rt @lodlam: #lodlam challenge prize winners congrats to dive+ (grand) & warsampo (open data) teams #dh #musetech #code lib dh musetech lodlam code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:miaridge/b:c bd / 	 	 	 	 jobboard - - t : : + : https://jobs.code lib.org/ lbjay some heroes don't wear capes, y'all. back online and and better than ever thanks to @ryanwick and @_cb_ #code lib code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:lbjay/b:a f f b e/ 	 digital technologies development librarian | ncsu libraries - - t : : + : https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/jobs/ehra/digital-technologies-development-librarian jbfink rt @ronallo: job opening: digital technologies development librarian @ncsulibraries #code lib #libtechwomen know someone? libtechwomen code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b: a bff fd/ 	 	 who's using ipfs in libraries, archives and museums - communities / libraries, archives and museums - discuss.ipfs.io - - t : : + : https://discuss.ipfs.io/t/whos-using-ipfs-in-libraries-archives-and-museums/ sdellis career ipfs libraries code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:sdellis/b:df f bc b/ 	 	 	 	 scott w. h. young on twitter: "slides for my talk on participatory design with underrepresented populations. thank you, #c l :) https://t.co/rvs zdv u" - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/hei_scott/status/ brainwane refers to my code lib keynote on empathy & ux yay code lib https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:brainwane/b: c ef cde / 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ lbjay have not read the full report but based on the abstract seems useful to those involved in the #code lib incorporati… code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:lbjay/b: f f b b / 	 resistanceisfertile - google drive - - t : : + : https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ b ooqctdnhjmy wn zw htxc pmhswe code lib harlow keynote https://pinboard.in/u:pmhswe/b: c / 	 	 	 resistanceisfertile - google drive - - t : : + : https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ b ooqctdnhjmy wn zw htxc markpbaggett code lib harlow keynote https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:markpbaggett/b:cffeeb e e / 	 	 	 google drive cms - - t : : + : https://www.drivecms.xyz/ jju webdev programming tech code lib https://pinboard.in/u:jju/b:f af e a a / 	 	 	 	 	 code lib | docker presentation - google slides - - t : : + : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/ p pr p dxikxjwe _sha-rsktax-hzquo-ffz-th /edit#slide=id.p markpbaggett code lib docker https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:markpbaggett/b:bd aec e/ 	 	 best catalog results page ever - - t : : + : https://www.dropbox.com/s/jbxe jpbdck z/deibel-c l -best-ever.pptx markpbaggett code lib accessibility presentation https://pinboard.in/ https://pinboard.in/u:markpbaggett/b: f b fea a/ 	 	 	 participatory user experience design with underrepresented populations: a model for disciplined empathy - - t : : + : http:// .code lib.org/talks/participatory-user-experience-design-with-underrepresented-populations-a-model-for-disciplined-empathy brainwane am honored & humbled to see #c l glad my talk/article was helpful! wish i were at #code lib to thank you in person c l code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:brainwane/b: bf ebd d d/ 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/i/web/status/ bsscdt why don't you join us in the #libux slack? sign yourself up: #litaux #ux #code lib… ux libux litaux code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:bsscdt/b: f bd a / 	 	 	 	 untitled (http://libux.co/slack?utm_content=buffer f &utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer) - - t : : + : http://libux.co/slack bsscdt why don't you join us in the #libux slack? sign yourself up: #litaux #ux #code lib… ux libux litaux code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:bsscdt/b: a bf / 	 	 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/jschneider/status/ /photo/ jcarletonoh ten principles for user protection: #code lib #privacy #ischoolui ischoolui privacy code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jcarletonoh/b: bf dea b/ 	 	 	 technology in hostile states: ten principles for user protection | the tor blog - - t : : + : https://blog.torproject.org/blog/technology-hostile-states-ten-principles-user-protection jcarletonoh ten principles for user protection: #code lib #privacy #ischoolui ischoolui privacy code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jcarletonoh/b: aebf a/ 	 	 	 analyzing marc with microxpath, part - u. ogbuji on the s & sies - - t : : + : http://uogbuji.tumblr.com/post/ /analyzing-marc-with-microxpath-part- #_=_ uche analyzing marc with microxpath, part #xml #xpath #libraries #code lib xpath xml libraries code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:uche/b: f fca a / 	 	 	 	 library technology jobs - - t : : + : http://librarytechnology.org/jobs/ jbfink rt @yo_bj: / for the #code lib, #lita, and #mashcat crowds, keep an eye out on for #libtech jobs. libtech mashcat lita code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:jbfink/b:ad bba / 	 	 	 	 keynote speakers nominations - code lib - - t : : + : http://wiki.code lib.org/ _keynote_speakers_nominations verwinv do you know who should keynote #code lib ? help us out: #c l code lib c l https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b:fe b c e/ 	 	 library of congress lccn permalink sh - - t : : + : https://lccn.loc.gov/sh anneheathen rt @julieswierczek: #code lib #c l - "black lives matter movement" is now a subject heading. . catalogers, make sure you use it! c l code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:anneheathen/b: de d ff/ 	 	 library of congress lccn permalink sh - - t : : + : https://lccn.loc.gov/sh wlanderson rt @julieswierczek: #code lib #c l - "black lives matter movement" is now a subject heading. . catalogers, make sure you use it! c l code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:wlanderson/b: e a f e f / 	 	 twitter - - t : : + : https://twitter.com/benglabs/status/ /photo/ verwinv lovely round-up on playing with @opencultuurdata in the lab [nl] #reuse #musetech #code lib reuse musetech code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: cd f / 	 	 	 spelen met open cultuur data: nieuwe technologie | open cultuur data - - t : : + : http://www.opencultuurdata.nl/ / /spelen-met-open-cultuur-data-nieuwe-technologie/ verwinv lovely round-up on playing with @opencultuurdata in the lab [nl] #reuse #musetech #code lib reuse musetech code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:verwinv/b: c bcdbf/ 	 	 	 the code lib journal – metadata analytics, visualization, and optimization: experiments in statistical analysis of the digital public library of america (dpla) - - t : : + : http://journal.code lib.org/articles/ wragge rt @chrpr: hey so i published a thing about visualization & predictive analytics of #dpla metadata in the #code lib journal. dpla code lib https://twitter.com/ https://pinboard.in/u:wragge/b: ffb f / 	 	 from wikipedia to our libraries | everybody's libraries 	 		 			 								 					 						everybody's libraries 					 				 				libraries for everyone, by everyone, shared with everyone, about everything 										 							 						 								 			 			 				skip to content 									home 	about 	about the free decimal correspondence 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 		 	 	 		 			 			 				 					← from my library to yours 					updates on library linking, wikipedia, and what you can do → 				 				 											from wikipedia to our libraries 					 					 						posted on march , 						by john mark ockerbloom 					 					 						i’ve heard the lament in more than one library discussion over the years.  “people aren’t coming to our library like they should,” librarians have told me.  “we’ve got a rich collection, and we’ve expended lots of resources on an online presence, but lots of our patrons just go to google and wikipedia without checking to see what we have.”  the pattern of quick online information-finding using search engines and wikipedia is well-known enough that it has its own acronym: gwr, for google -> wikipedia -> references.  (david white gives a good description of that pattern in the linked article.) some people i’ve talked to think we should break this pattern.  with the right search tool or marketing plan, some say, we can get patrons to start with us first, instead of google or wikipedia.  this idea seems to me both futile and beside the point.  between them, google and wikipedia cover a vast array of online information, more than librarians could hope to replicate or index ourselves in that medium.  also, if we truly have better resources available in our libraries than can be found on the open web, it’s less important that our researchers start from our libraries’ websites than that they end up finding the knowledge resources our libraries make available to them. looked at the right way, wikipedia can be a big help in making online readers aware of their library’s offerings.  one of the things we spend a lot of time on in libraries is organizing information into distinct, conceptual categories.  that’s what wikipedia does too: so far,  their english edition has over million concepts identified, described, and often populated with reference links.  and wikipedia has encouraged people to add links to relevant digital library collections on various topics, through programs like wikipedia loves libraries and wikipedian in residence programs.  but while these programs help bring some library resources online, and direct people to those selected resources, there’s still a lot of other relevant library material that users can’t get to via wikipedia, but can via the libraries that are near them. so how do we get people from wikipedia articles to the related offerings of our local libraries?  essentially we need three things: first, we need ways to embed links in wikipedia to the libraries that readers use.  (we can’t reasonably add individual links from an article to each library out there, because there are too many of them– there has to be a way that each wikipedia reader can get to their own favored libraries via the same links.)  second, we need ways to derive appropriate library concepts and local searches from the subjects of wikipedia articles, so the links go somewhere useful.  finally, we need good summaries of the resources a reader’s library makes available on those concepts, so the links end up showing something useful.  with all of these in place, it should be possible for researchers to get from a wikipedia article on a topic straight to a guide to their local library’s offerings on that topic in a single click. i’ve developed some tools to enable these one-click wikipedia -> library transitions.  for the first thing we need, i’ve created a set of wikipedia templates for adding library links. the documentation for the library resources box template, for instance, describes how to use it to create a sidebar box with links to resources about (or by) the topic of  a wikipedia article in a reader’s library, or in another library a reader might want to consult.  (there’s also an option for direct links to my online books page, if there are relevant books online; it may be easier in some cases for readers to access those than to access their local library’s books.) for the links to work, we need to know about the reader’s preferred library.  users can register their preferred library (which will set a cookie in their browser recording that choice), or select it for each individual search.  we know how to link to several dozen libraries so far, and can add more libraries on request.  worldcat.org, which includes holdings of thousands of libraries worldwide, is also an option.  besides the “library resources box” template, i’ve also provided templates for in-text links to library resources, if those work better in a given article.  links to these templates can be found at the end of the “library resources box” documentation. for the second thing we need, i’ve created a library forwarding service (“forward to libraries”, or ftl– catchier name suggestions welcome) that transforms links from wikipedia into searches for appropriate  headings or keywords in local libraries.  this is the same service i describe in my “from my library to yours” blog post from last month, but it now supports links from wikipedia as well as to wikipedia. thanks to information included in the library of congress’ authorities and vocabularies datasets, oclc’s viaf data feeds, wikipedia’s database downloads, and my own metadata compiled at the online books page, ftl already knows how to link directly to over , distinct authority-controlled headings known to the library of congress from their corresponding wikipedia articles.   (library of congress headings are used in most sizable us libraries, and many english-language libraries outside the us also use similar headings.) for other articles, ftl by default will try a general keyword search based on the wikipedia article’s title, which will often turn up useful results at the destination library.  alternatively, my templates allow wikipedia editors to determine a specific library of congress heading to use in library links, if appropriate.  i’m hoping to incorporate suggested headings into ftl’s own knowledge base as i detect them showing up in wikipedia articles.  i also plan to publish ftl’s data sets under open access terms, so that others can use and improve on them as well. the third part of this solution– displaying relevant resources at the destination library— can be implemented differently at each library.  for most of the libraries in ftl’s current knowledge base, links go to searches in the library’s regular online catalog.  but with some libraries, i’ve linked to another discovery system, if it seems to be the main search promoted at that library, and it seems to produce useful results.  the online books page’s subject map displays also have features that i think will be useful to wikipedia subject researchers arriving at my site, such as also showing related subjects and books filed under those subjects.  i hope in future posts to talk more about other useful guideposts and contextual information we could be providing to readers arriving from wikipedia. but if you’ve read this far, you probably want to see how this all works in practice.  so i’ve added some example library resources boxes in a few wikipedia articles that seemed particularly relevant this month, including those for women’s history, elizabeth cady stanton, and flannery o’connor.  look down in the “external links” or “further reading” sections of those articles for the boxes, and view the page source of the articles to see how those boxes are constructed. as with most things related to wikipedia, this service is experimental, and subject to change (and, hopefully,  improvement) over time.  i’d love to hear thoughts and suggestions from users and maintainers of wikipedia and libraries.  and if you find creating these sort of links from wikipedia useful, and need help getting started, i’d be happy to help you bring them to your favorite wikipedia topics and local libraries, as time permits. share this: 	email 	print 	twitter 	facebook 	reddit 	 like this: like loading... 	related 											 					 						 													 						 							about john mark ockerbloom 							i'm a digital library strategist at the university of pennsylvania, in philadelphia.							 								 									view all posts by john mark ockerbloom →								 							 						 					 					 												this entry was posted in citizen librarians, discovery, libraries, online books, subjects. bookmark the permalink.											 				 				 					← from my library to yours 					updates on library linking, wikipedia, and what you can do → 				 				 			 			 			 responses to from wikipedia to our libraries			 				 		 			 								david haskiya says:			 			 			 				march , at : am			 			hi john, this is a great idea! and by linking to a generic re-direct service like this i would hope it would be more acceptable to the wikipedia community than adding direct links to a glam (those are very often deleted esp. if added by the glam itself). if you’d like you could include also links to europeana (who i work for)? perhaps in resources in other libraries? in any case we link only to digitized content. for women’s history (and other subjects) i’d recommend making phrase search out of it by adding citations, like so: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=“women’s+history” since we have multi-lingual content a search in any other language versions of the same article should work, e.g.: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=“histoire+des+femmes” and for persons/authors/creators to do a who-search like so: http://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=who: thomas+jefferson thus limiting results to only records where he’s either in dc:creator or dc:contributor (though as a rule we’re not at our strongest when searching for u.s authors) more advance mashups could be done via our api but linking could be a first good step. cheers, david 			 							 		 		 		 			 								breandán says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			let us know if we at theeuropeanlibrary.org can help! 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								john mark ockerbloom says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			thanks! i’ve used europeana fairly often to look for european-digitized content. i’ve gladly added it to the “global library services” options in the list of libraries to choose from. my mapping to your search terms isn’t perfect at this point, but it will hopefully be enough to be useful. we can talk offline about what sorts of filters might be best to put on search terms fed to your system. (i have a few filters i can use now, but there seem to be compatibility issues with some of them when used with europeana; but hopefully what i have will be at least somewhat useful.) 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								mattmaldre says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			this reminds me a bit like the chrome add-on, “library extension” that adds a box onto amazon.com, so when you are browsing a particular book, this box will tell you if it’s available in your local library system. 			 							 		 		 		 			 								tasha bergson-michelson says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			and similar to google books’ “find in a library” link that takes you right into worldcat. (disclaimer: i am a google search educator.) 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								mace says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			wikipedia has the special:booksources -feature (f.ex. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/special:booksources/ x), which isbn numbers link to. also, regarding gwr, so you guys remember the now extinct search engine called wikiseek? the idea was that it indexed all of wikipedia, and all the pages wikipedia linked to… thus, using wikipedia as a humanmade proxy index. very novel idea! 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								stacymckenna says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			i’d be particularly interested in seeing glam special collections linked more easily. for instance, i’ve been volunteering at lapl for the past year and just last week learned we have an entire collection on bullfighting. the only mention of it on our web page is a single line on the rare books collection page, but we’ve had people come from as far as spain to see it (apparently word gets around within enthusiast circles). the cataloging of the collection makes it difficult to find via our main catalog, but if articles relevant to particular niche collections (like our thomas bros. guide collection, for instance – recently expanded to be more comprehensive than the publisher’s own collection, or our menus, or citrus box labels…) could include links to these kinds of holdings, many glams would benefit from increased use of their specialty holdings. 			 							 		 		 		 			 								robin says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			seconded! i spent many hours adding links to articles like http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/albert_desalvo#imprisonment_and_death mentioning instances where people’s papers are located my library’s archives or special collections. what’s the best way to note these major collections of someone’s personal papers or records? addition to this template, other new or existing template, or inline as i have? 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								don simpson says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			i would certainly like to register more than one preferred library. where i live, there’s a county library branch a few blocks away, a city library branch some blocks further on (but still walkable), and a local university (with a large set of libraries) a short bus ride beyond that. 			 							 		 		 		 			 								john mark ockerbloom says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			thanks for your suggestion! i too live in a city with multiple libraries nearby. right now, the wikipedia templates let you pick a primary library, which the “your library” links will then go to when you select them. for other libraries, you’ll need to select the “other libraries” link. a page will then come up listing all the libraries available, and you can select the one you want to check. that list of libraries is going to be getting quite a bit bigger before long– word about this project has gotten around online, and i’ve got a number of additional libraries requested, that i’ll be adding as time permits. i’m hoping, once things calm down a bit, to upgrade the “choose a library” page so that it’s easier to find the libraries you want quickly. one idea i’ve considered, for instance, is letting people pick a set of favorites that would appear right at the start of the library choices offered. is this something that you’d find useful? let me know what you think. i’m quite interested in hearing ideas about what could make it easier to choose from a growing set of libraries. 			 							 		 		 		 			 								don simpson says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			well, i think it would be good if someone could pick a list of favorites. it might also be good to have a list of all libraries previously selected by/for the particular user, in most-recent to least-recent order, with an option for other sorts, such as alphabetic. and if the master list of libraries had location data (gps co-ordinates might be nice), an evocable list of those within a certain distance could be useful. 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								notconfusing says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			hello, thanks for the fantastic reuse of the wikipedia -> viaf links that andrew gray and myself implemented last year in our authority control integration project through viafbot. to understand more about viafbot, the debriefing is available here: http://hangingtogether.org/?p= 			 							 		 		 		 			 								john mark ockerbloom says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			thank *you* for creating those links! ftl wouldn’t be able to automatically find suitable headings for most of the wikipedia articles that are in its current knowledge base were it not for the data that the viafbot has compiled, and recorded in lots of wikipedia articles about people and other authors. folks who are putting library resources templates on pages the viafbot has touched can look for the “authority control” line late in the article to find the viaf identifier, and put it into the template as specified in its documentation. (the links will often work without the viaf argument explicitly included, but adding it will make the links more reliable in case the article, or the lc subject heading, changes its name in the future.) 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								helen says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			what about worldcat.org? it will tell you which libraries have it in expanding radii. i have looked up some books that the nearest copy was down the street and others only available across the country. many other places, especially in academia, already link to it. 			 							 		 		 		 			 								john mark ockerbloom says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			yes, worldcat.org is often a good choice, especially when you have multiple libraries in a nearby area that you want to consult, like don simpson does. while there’s no way that i know of in worldcat to constrain subject and author searches to libraries in a particular geographic region (correct me if i’m wrong), once you find a particular book you’re interested in, worldcat.org will tell you what libraries near you have it, including how far away they are from your apparent location. 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								claire says:			 			 			 				march , at : am			 			john, this is awesome!! last year i attended a webinar about wikipedia and libraries and then began a project in which i was adding links to my library’s online oral histories and other digital holdings. to be able to highlight them in a box like you’ve designed, though, is even better. bravo! i will definitely be revisiting my project and giving your code a try very soon! 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								val forrestal says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			so this is a completely different implementation, and doesn’t scale to general wikipedia users, but my colleague and i built a browser-based tool that pulls the title of a wikipedia article and searches our academic library collection for the topic. here’s the link to the project description: http://theinfobabe.blogspot.com/ / /bridging-gap-from-wikipedia-to.html; link to the customizable code files: http://theinfobabe.blogspot.com/ / /search-bookmarklet-code-files.html; and a link to the published article (unfortunately behind a paywall) about the bookmarklet, including our research on why we need to care about wikipedia as a research tool: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/ . / . . 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								scott leslie says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			hi john, a chance link in my twitter feed brought me here. i am not a librarian but have been working on this idea, of ways of turning wikipedia from “the competition” into the front door for additional resources, be they library holdings or other valuable materials like open educational resources, for some time now, as have others. you may have seen these slides from a few years back http://www.slideshare.net/val_forrestal/metr-obookmarklet-preso that use a bookmarklet-based approach. for my own part, while i appreciate that wikipedia as a whole seems interested in this idea and that services like worldcat provide the closest to a single search end-point we have, i have been investigating ways to do this that don’t require their participation and that can work for any individual institution (well, any institution whose catalogue can provide search results back in reusable format.) i like worldcat, but as a dues-based system, there are many many institutions (especially where i live in canada) who are not covered by it. while i have had success getting javascript/greasemonkey/wikipedia-user-scripts style solutions working, i think the problem with these is that they require a sophistication in the end user that many do not have. thus i am moving towards proxy-based solutions that individual campuses can implement. the idea being that any request for a wikipedia page is caught by the proxy, a search sent to the library catalogue based on the keyword (which currently i just use the page name, perhaps not ideal, but an / style solution) and the resulting wikipedia page augmented on the fly with links to specific holdings. i hadn’t seen the “library resources box” template before, so this is helpful. i am trying to build this for a single library now, but the hope is to build it as an open source piece that any library can implement, and to develop a number of connectors for the different catalog systems. while it’s way more work than going through worldcat, the nice thing is that it becomes extensible to other non-library catalogues too. anyways, just wanted to connect through this comment. it’s a good idea and hopefully more folks will cotton on to it. cheers, scott 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								minopret says:			 			 			 				march , at : am			 			is there anything recent to say about libx and “openurl referrer”? i liked that they could add links to worldcat from wikipedia citation items. but i didn’t make frequent use of those plugins. and i feel certain that the public is not very aware of them. 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								val forrestal says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			as far as i know, the libx project is alive and well. i believe they have stopped supporting ie, but now support both firefox and chrome. it looks like they are also doing some work specifically with summon integration. http://libx.org/ 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								quriosity says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			reblogged this on a thinking person, a.k.a. cogit r and commented: john mark ockerbloom has outlined an exciting concept and system for dynamically incorporating a user’s local library resources into wikipedia articles. 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								protestant lurker says:			 			 			 				march , at : am			 			[this comment kicked off a dispute about attribution, identity, and other matters that quickly diverged from the topic of this post and into disputes concerning another blog. to stop a derail of the wikipedia-library discussion, i have deleted it and all followups. comments have been archived for any principals who need to refer to them, but i would request that no further postings on the dispute be made here. – jmo] 			 							 		 	 	 		 			 								casey says:			 			 			 				march , at : am			 			john, i work as a librarian, and i have a question about this project. the way that google scholar works is that it can tell you if articles it has found are available full-text at your library (at least, i know this works for college/university libraries) provided that you’re online on-site. my understanding is that this recognizes the user’s library based on the ip address. the library itself must set this up with google to begin with, but there is then less work on the user’s part to get to the resources. do you think that the wikipedia library resources box would be able to work this way? i think the currently functionality is very good, and one of the ideas that i keep reading about in studies on online usability is the fewer clicks, the better. there are only a handful of libraries participating at the moment, and i wonder if, once that list grows, having to scroll through the list to find the preferred library might be a deterrent to some users (though i did see that you have plans to reformat that page to make that part easier). 			 							 		 		 		 			 								john mark ockerbloom says:			 			 			 				march , at : pm			 			“there are only a handful of libraries participating at the moment, and i wonder if, once that list grows, having to scroll through the list to find the preferred library might be a deterrent to some users” you’re quite right. i am starting to include data on known ip ranges of some institutions, so that users on those institutions’ local networks can go straight there without having to register a preference first. this is currently an experimental feature, and participating institutions have to be willing to let me publish the ip ranges in question as part of the open data i provide for this project. (in fact, most institutional ip ranges can already be found through public sources, though some institutions seem to be a bit skittish about this.) local users can still register a different preference if they want to use another library as their default. if you’re interested in possibly setting this up for your institution, email me. everyone else, or people who are following links from outside their local institutions, will need to register their preference for the links to reach their libraries in click. but at least once they register, they don’t have to do it again, unless their registration cookie expires or they want to use a different library. more details on ip forwarding services and other ftl issues in a followup post (coming shortly). 			 							 		 	 			comments are closed. 	 			 		 		 							 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 				 rss feed 		 	pages 				about 	free decimal correspondence 	ils services for discovery applications 	john mark ockerbloom 	the metadata challenge 			 	 		recent posts 			 					from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 									 	 					everybody’s library questions: finding films in the public domain 									 	 					build a better registry: my intended comments to the library of congress on the next register of copyrights 									 	 					welcome to everybody’s online libraries 									 	 					public domain day : coming around again 									 		 	recent comments 					 							john mark ockerbloom on everybody’s library questions: newspaper copyrights, notices, and renewals						 	 							pamela hutchinson on everybody’s library questions: newspaper copyrights, notices, and renewals						 	 							john mark ockerbloom on welcome to everybody’s online libraries						 	 							nicholas escobar on welcome to everybody’s online libraries						 	 							john mark ockerbloom on welcome to everybody’s online libraries						 				 	archives 				december 	march 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	july 	june 	january 	december 	october 	june 	january 	december 	september 	january 	october 	september 	july 	may 	january 	january 	june 	january 	october 	august 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	july 	may 	january 	october 	september 	june 	may 	april 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	october 	september 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	november 			 	access for all 		open access news 	copyrights and wrongs 		copyfight 	copyright & fair use 	freedom to tinker 	lawrence lessig 	general library-related news and comment 		lisnews 	teleread 	interesting folks 		jessamyn west 	john scalzi 	jonathan rochkind 	k. g. schneider 	karen coyle 	lawrence lessig 	leslie johnston 	library loon 	lorcan dempsey 	paul courant 	peter brantley 	walt crawford 	metadata and friends 		planet cataloging 	shiny tech 		boing boing 	o’reilly radar 	planet code lib 	tales from the repository 		repositoryman 	writing and publishing 		if:book 	making light 	publishing frontier 		 	 	 		 			 				 					everybody's libraries				 							 			 								blog at wordpress.com. 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 					 		 			send to email address 			 			 				your name 				 				your email address 				 						 			 			 			 			 			 			 			cancel 			 				post was not sent - 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wikipedia 	 	 	 	 	university of california, berkeley 	 		from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		"berkeley university" redirects here. it is not to be confused with berkeley college, berkeley college (yale university), or berklee college of music. public research university in california, united states university of california, berkeley	 	former names 	university of california ( – ) 	motto	fiat lux (latin) 	motto in english 	let there be light 	type	public land-grant research university 	established	march  , ;  years ago ( - - )[ ] 	parent institution 	university of california 	academic affiliations 		aau 	iaru 	ura 	apru 	aplu 	space-grant 	endowment	$ . billion ( )[ ] 	chancellor	carol t. christ 	provost	paul alivisatos 	students	 , (fall )[ ] 	undergraduates	 , (fall )[ ] 	postgraduates	 , (fall )[ ] 	location	berkeley , california , united states ° ′ ″n ° ′ ″w /  . °n . °w / . ; - . [ ]coordinates: ° ′ ″n ° ′ ″w /  . °n . °w / . ; - . [ ] 	campus	urban college town core campus acres (  ha)[ ] total land owned , acres ( ,  ha)[ ] 	colors		berkeley blue 	california gold[ ]      	athletics	ncaa division i fbs 	nickname	golden bears 	sporting affiliations 		pac- 	america east 	mpsf 	mascot	oski the bear 	website	www.berkeley.edu 	 the university of california, berkeley (uc berkeley, berkeley, cal, or california)[ ][ ] is a public research university in berkeley, california. established in as the state's first land-grant university, it is the oldest campus of the university of california system and a founding member of the association of american universities. its colleges and schools offer over degree programs and enroll some , undergraduate and , graduate students.[ ][ ][ ] berkeley is ranked among the world's top universities by major educational publications.[ ] berkeley hosts many leading research institutes, including the mathematical sciences research institute and the space sciences laboratory. it founded and maintains close relationships with three national laboratories at berkeley, livermore and los alamos,[ ] and has played a prominent role in many scientific advances, from the manhattan project and the discovery of chemical elements to breakthroughs in computer science and genomics.[ ] berkeley is also known for the free speech movement of the s.[ ] berkeley alumni and faculty count among their ranks nobel laureates ( alumni), turing award winners ( alumni), and fields medalists as well as wolf prize winners, macarthur "genius grant" recipients, pulitzer prize winners, and academy award winners. the university has produced seven heads of state or government; five chief justices, including chief justice of the united states earl warren;[ ] cabinet-level officials; governors; and living billionaires.[ ] it is also a leading producer of fulbright scholars, macarthur fellows, and marshall scholars.[ ] berkeley alumni, widely recognized for their entrepreneurship, have founded many notable companies.[ ][ ] the university, which competes in the pac- conference as the california golden bears, has won national championships, and its students and alumni have won olympic medals.[ ][ ] contents 	 history 	 . founding 	 . th century 	 . st century 	 organization and administration 	 . name 	 . governance 	 . funding 	 academics 	 . undergraduate programs 	 . graduate and professional programs 	 . faculty and research 	 . library system 	 . rankings 	 . admissions and enrollment 	 discoveries and innovation 	 . natural sciences 	 . computer and applied sciences 	 . companies and entrepreneurship 	 campus 	 . architecture 	 . natural features 	 student life and traditions 	 . student housing 	 . . university housing 	 . . cooperative housing 	 . . fraternities and sororities 	 . student-run organizations 	 . . associated students of the university of california (asuc) 	 . . media and publications 	 . . student groups 	 . athletics 	 notable alumni, faculty, and staff 	 . faculty and staff 	 . alumni 	 controversies 	 see also 	 references 	 further reading 	 external links history[edit] view from memorial glade of sather tower (the campanile), the center of berkeley—the ring of its bells and clock can be heard from all over campus. sather tower (the campanile) looking out over the san francisco bay and mount tamalpais main article: history of the university of california, berkeley founding[edit] made possible by president lincoln's signing of the morrill act in , the university of california was founded in as the state's first land-grant university, merging the private college of california and the public agricultural, mining, and mechanical arts college. california's organic act states that the "university shall have for its design, to provide instruction and thorough and complete education in all departments of science, literature and art, industrial and professional pursuits, and general education, and also special courses of instruction in preparation for the professions".[ ][ ] ten faculty members and students made up the fledgling university when it opened in oakland in .[ ] frederick h. billings, a trustee of the college of california, suggested that a new campus site north of oakland be named in honor of anglo-irish philosopher george berkeley.[ ] the university began admitting women the following year.[ ] in , henry durant, founder of the college of california, became its first president. with the completion of north and south halls in , the university relocated to its berkeley location with male and female students.[ ][ ] beginning in , phoebe apperson hearst made several large gifts to berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings and sponsoring, in , an international competition in antwerp, belgium, where french architect Émile bénard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. th century[edit] in , the university farm was established near sacramento, ultimately becoming the university of california, davis.[ ] in , los angeles state normal school became the southern branch of the university, which ultimately became the university of california, los angeles.[ ] by s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially and included twenty structures designed by architect john galen howard.[ ] in , one of the nation's first rotc programs was established at berkeley[ ] and its school of military aeronautics began training pilots, including gen. jimmy doolittle. berkeley rotc alumni include former secretary of defense robert mcnamara and army chief of staff frederick c. weyand as well as other generals.[ ] in , future fleet admiral chester w. nimitz established the first naval rotc unit at berkeley.[ ] in the s, ernest lawrence helped establish the radiation laboratory (now lawrence berkeley national laboratory) and invented the cyclotron, which won him the nobel physics prize in .[ ] using the cyclotron, berkeley professors and berkeley lab researchers went on to discover chemical elements – more than any other university in the world.[ ][ ] in particular, during world war ii and following glenn seaborg's then-secret discovery of plutonium, ernest orlando lawrence's radiation laboratory began to contract with the u.s. army to develop the atomic bomb. physics professor j. robert oppenheimer was named scientific head of the manhattan project in .[ ][ ] along with the lawrence berkeley national laboratory, berkeley founded and was then a partner in managing two other labs, los alamos national laboratory ( ) and lawrence livermore national laboratory ( ). by , the american council on education ranked berkeley second only to harvard in the number of distinguished departments.[ ] in , the university of california reorganized itself into a system of semi-autonomous campuses, with each campus given its own chancellor, and clark kerr became berkeley's first chancellor, while sproul remained in place as the president of the university of california.[ ] berkeley gained a worldwide reputation for political activism in the s.[ ][ ] in , the free speech movement organized student resistance to the university's restrictions on political activities on campus – most conspicuously, student activities related to the civil rights movement. the arrest in sproul plaza of jack weinberg, a recent berkeley alumnus and chair of campus core, in october , prompted a series of student-led acts of formal remonstrance and civil disobedience that ultimately gave rise to the free speech movement, which movement would prevail and serve as precedent for student opposition to america's involvement in the vietnam war.[ ][ ][ ] in , the mathematical sciences research institute (msri) was established on campus with support from the national science foundation and at the request of three berkeley mathematicians — shiing-shen chern, calvin moore and isadore m. singer. the institute is now widely regarded as a leading center for collaborative mathematical research, drawing thousands of visiting researchers from around the world each year.[ ][ ][ ] st century[edit] in the current century, berkeley has become less politically active and more focused on entrepreneurship and fundraising, especially for stem disciplines.[ ][ ] modern berkeley students are less politically radical, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives than in the s and s.[ ][ ] democrats outnumber republicans on the faculty by a ratio of : .[ ] on the whole, democrats outnumber republicans on american university campuses by a ratio of : .[ ] in , the energy biosciences institute was established with funding from bp and stanley hall, a research facility and headquarters for the california institute for quantitative biosciences, opened. the next few years saw the dedication of the center for biomedical and health sciences, funded by a lead gift from billionaire li ka-shing; the opening of sutardja dai hall, home of the center for information technology research in the interest of society; and the unveiling of blum hall, housing the blum center for developing economies. supported by a grant from alumnus james simons, the simons institute for the theory of computing was established in . in , berkeley and its sister campus, ucsf, established the innovative genomics institute, and, in , an anonymous donor pledged $ million to help fund a new center for computing and data science.[ ] since , berkeley alumni and faculty have received nobel prizes, behind only harvard and mit among us universities; five turing awards, behind only mit and stanford; and five fields medals, second only to princeton. according to pitchbook, berkeley ranks second, just behind stanford, in producing vc-backed entrepreneurs.[ ] organization and administration[edit] although the university of california system does not have an official flagship campus, many scholars and experts consider berkeley to be its unofficial flagship. in some cases, it shares this unofficial status with the university of california, los angeles.[ ] name[edit] officially the university of california, berkeley, its name is often shortened to berkeley in general reference or in an academic context (www.berkeley.edu, berkeley law, berkeley haas) or to california or cal, particularly when referring to its athletic teams (california golden bears).[ ][ ][ ] governance[edit] the university of california is governed by a -member board of regents, of whom are appointed by the governor of california to -year terms. the board also has seven ex officio members, a student regent, and a non-voting student regent-designate.[ ] prior to , berkeley was the university of california, so the university president was also berkeley's chief executive. however, in , the university reorganized itself into a system of semi-autonomous campuses, with each campus having its own chief executive, a chancellor, who would, in turn, report to the president of the university system. twelve vice chancellors report directly to berkeley's chancellor, and the deans of the colleges and schools report to the executive vice chancellor and provost, berkeley's chief academic officer.[ ] twenty-five presidents and chancellors have led berkeley since its founding.[ ][ ] 	 presidents 	 – henry durant 	 – john leconte 	 – henry durant 	 – daniel coit gilman 	 – john leconte 	 – w.t. reid 	 – edward s. holden 	 	 – horace davis 	 – martin kellogg 	 – benjamin ide wheeler 	 – david prescott barrows 	 – william wallace campbell 	 – robert gordon sproul 	 chancellors 	 – clark kerr 	 – glenn t. seaborg 	 – edward w. strong 	 – martin e. meyerson (acting) 	 – roger heyns 	 – albert h. bowker 	 – ira michael heyman 	 	 – chang-lin tien 	 – robert m. berdahl 	 – robert j. birgeneau 	 – nicholas b. dirks 	 –present: carol t. christ funding[edit] see also: university of california finances berkeley receives funding from a variety of federal, state, and private sources. with the exception of government contracts, public support is apportioned to berkeley and the other campuses of the university of california system through the uc office of the president and accounts for some percent of berkeley's total revenues.[ ] berkeley has long benefited from private philanthropy, with considerable gifts from the flood, hearst, durant, strauss, lick, harmon, and bacon families in the th century and from the hearst, doe, sather, rockefeller, cowell, haviland, bowles, boalt, and stern families, among others, in the first half of the th century. more recently, alumni and their foundations have given to the university for operations and capital expenditures.[citation needed] berkeley has also benefited from the giving of individuals, corporations, and foundations, notable among which are mark zuckerberg and priscilla chan (pledged $ million, shared with ucsf and stanford university, to form the biohub);[citation needed] bp (pledged $ million to research biofuels); the bill and melinda gates foundation (over $ million since the foundation's creation), billionaire sir li ka-shing (multiple gifts, most notably a $ -million gift in ), israeli-russian billionaire yuri milner, thomas and stacey siebel, sanford and joan weill, and professor gordon rausser ($ -million gift in ).[citation needed] several significant gifts have been made anonymously, including a gift of $ million to support molecular engineering, a gift of $ million to support stem faculty,[ ] a $ -million gift in to support the bioenginuity hub,[ ] and a gift in of $ million to support data science.[ ] the – campaign for berkeley raised $ . billion from , donors, and the “light the way” campaign, announced in early , is scheduled to raise $ billion by the end of .[ ] academics[edit] wheeler hall, home to berkeley's largest lecture hall, was the location of a nobel prize conferral during wwii. the interior of the hearst mining building, dedicated by phoebe hearst in honor of her late husband, george. berkeley is a large, primarily residential tier one research university with a majority of its enrollment in undergraduate programs but also offering a comprehensive doctoral program.[ ] the university has been accredited by the western association of schools and colleges senior college and university commission since .[ ] the university operates on a semester calendar and awarded , bachelor's, , master's or professional and , doctoral degrees in – .[ ] the university's academic enterprise is organized into colleges and schools, which, in turn, comprise departments and interdisciplinary units offering over degree programs. colleges serve both undergraduate and graduate students, while schools are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors or minors. 	college of chemistry 	college of engineering 	college of environmental design 	college of letters and science 	graduate school of education 	graduate school of journalism 	haas school of business 	goldman school of public policy 	rausser college of natural resources 	school of information 	school of law 	school of optometry 	school of public health 	school of social welfare 	uc berkeley extension (currently has three locations in downtown berkeley, downtown san francisco and belmont) undergraduate programs[edit] the north facade of doe library, designed by john galen howard, with memorial glade in the foreground. the four-year, full-time undergraduate program offers bachelor's degrees across the haas school of business ( ), college of chemistry ( ), college of engineering ( ), college of environmental design ( ), college of letters and science ( ), rausser college of natural resources ( ), and individual majors ( ).[ ] the most popular majors are electrical engineering and computer science, political science, molecular and cell biology, environmental science, and economics.[ ] requirements for undergraduate degrees are set by four authorities: the university of california system, the berkeley campus, the college or school, and the department. these requirements include an entry-level writing requirement before enrollment (typically fulfilled by minimum scores on standardized admissions exams such as the sat or act), completing coursework on "american history and institutions" before or after enrollment by taking an introductory class, passing an "american cultures breadth" class at berkeley, as well as requirements for reading and composition and specific requirements declared by the department and school.[ ] three-hour final examinations are required in most undergraduate classes and take place over a week following the last day of instruction in mid-december for the fall semester and in mid-may for the spring semester.[ ] academic grades are reported on a four-point, five-letter scale (a thru f) with grade points being modified by three-tenths of point for pluses and minuses, save for the a+, which carries just four points.[ ] requirements for academic honors are specified by individual schools and colleges, scholarly prizes are typically awarded by departments, and students are elected to honor societies based on these organizations' criteria.[ ] graduate and professional programs[edit] the morrison library, a reading room located in doe library, often is used to host speeches and panels on campus. berkeley has a "comprehensive" graduate program, with high coexistence with the programs offered to undergraduates, and offers interdisciplinary graduate programs with the medical schools at ucsf (various masters and doctoral) and stanford (md/mph). the university offers master of art, master of science, master of fine art, and phd degrees in addition to professional degrees such as the juris doctor, master of business administration, master of public health, and master of design.[ ][ ] the university awarded doctoral degrees and , master's degrees in .[ ] admission to graduate programs is decentralized; applicants apply directly to the department or degree program. most graduate students are supported by fellowships, teaching assistantships, or research assistantships.[ ] the united states national research council rankings identified uc berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation.[ ] berkeley doctoral programs that received a # ranking include agricultural and resource economics, astrophysics, chemistry, civil and environmental engineering, computer science, english, epidemiology, geography, german, mathematics, mechanical engineering, biochemistry and molecular biology, genetics, genomics, and development, physics, plant biology, and political science. berkeley was also the # recipient of national science foundation graduate research fellowships between and , with , awards.[ ] faculty and research[edit] main articles: list of uc berkeley faculty; research centers and laboratories at uc berkeley; and list of nobel laureates associated with university of california, berkeley berkeley is classified among "r : doctoral universities – very high research activity".[ ] in fiscal year , berkeley spent $ million on research and development (r&d).[ ] there are , full-time and part-time faculty members among more than academic departments and more than interdisciplinary research units.[ ] the current faculty includes american academy of arts and sciences fellows, three fields medalists, fulbright scholars, guggenheim fellows, members of the national academy of engineering, members of the national academy of sciences,[ ] eight nobel prize winners, four pulitzer prize winners, sloan fellows, wolf prize winners and pritzker prize winner.[ ][ ][ ][ ] library system[edit] the on-campus university of california museum of paleontology hosts a life-size replica of a t-rex. main article: university of california, berkeley library system berkeley's libraries together contain more than million volumes and cover over acres ( . ha) of land, forming one of the largest library complexes in the world.[ ][ ] doe library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections reside in the subterranean gardner main stacks and moffitt undergraduate library. the bancroft library, which has over , printed volumes and million manuscripts, pictures, and maps, maintains special collections that document the history of the western part of north america, with an emphasis on california, mexico and central america. the bancroft library also houses the mark twain papers,[ ] the oral history center,[ ] the center for the tebtunis papyri[ ] and the university archives.[ ] rankings[edit] 	 	university rankings 	national 	arwu[ ] 	 	forbes[ ] 	 	the/wsj[ ] 	 	u.s. news & world report[ ] 	 	washington monthly[ ] 	 	global 	arwu[ ] 	 	qs[ ] 	 	the[ ] 	 	u.s. news & world report[ ] 	 	 	national program rankings[ ] 	program 	ranking 	biological sciences	 	business	 	chemistry	 	clinical psychology	 	computer science	 	earth sciences	 	economics	 	education	 	engineering	 	english	 	fine arts	 	history	 	law	 	mathematics	 	physics	 	political science	 	psychology	 	public affairs	 	public health	 	social work	 	sociology	 	statistics	 	 	global subject rankings[ ] 	program 	ranking 	arts & humanities	 	biology & biochemistry	 	chemistry	 	civil engineering	 	clinical medicine	 	computer science	 	economics & business	 	electrical & electronic engineering	 	engineering	 	environment/ecology	 	geosciences	 	immunology	 	materials science	 	mathematics	 	mechanical engineering	 	microbiology	 	molecular biology & genetics	 	neuroscience & behavior	 	physics	 	plant & animal science	 	psychiatry/psychology	 	social sciences & public health	 	space science	 	rank	 qs world ranking by subject 	 	art and humanities (overall) 	 	architecture 	 	english language 	 	history 	 	philosophy 	 	engineering and technology (overall) 	 	computer and information system 	 	chemical engineering 	 	civil and structural engineering 	 	electronic and electrical engineering 	= 	mechanical aeronautical & manufacturing 	 	natural sciences (overall) 	 	chemistry 	 	environmental sciences 	 	geography 	 	mathematics 	 	material sciences 	 	physics & astronomy 	 	social sciences & management (overall) 	 	accounting & finance 	 	business & management studies 	= 	communication & media studies 	 	economics & econometrics 	 	education & training 	 	law 	 	political & international studies 	 	sociology 	 	statistics & operations research nationally, the – u.s. news & world report's "best colleges" ranks berkeley second among public universities and nd among national universities.[ ] the forbes america's top colleges report ranks berkeley the top public university and th among universities and liberal arts colleges in the united states.[ ] washington monthly ranked berkeley th among national universities in , with criteria based on research, community service, and social mobility. for , qs world university rankings places berkeley fourth among all us universities and first among publics.[ ] the – center for world university rankings (cwur) ranked the university the top public university in the nation and fourth overall based on quality of education, alumni employment, quality of faculty, publications, influence, and citations.[ ] the money magazine best colleges ranking for ranked berkeley th in the united states, based on educational quality, affordability and alumni earnings.[ ] for kiplinger ranked berkeley the th best-value public university in the nation for in-state students, and th for out-of-state students.[ ] in , the daily beast's best colleges report ranked berkeley th in the country.[ ] the top american research universities report by the center for measuring university performance ranked berkeley th over-all, th in resources, faculty, and education, th in resources and education, and st in education.[ ] berkeley produces more nobel laureates and billionaires than any other public university in the united states. berkeley was listed as a "public ivy" in richard moll's public ivies.[ ] globally, for – berkeley is ranked th by u.s. news & world report, th by the academic ranking of world universities (arwu), th by times higher education world university rankings, and th in the qs world university rankings. additionally, the times higher education considers berkeley, based on reputation, to be one of the world's "six super brands" along with cambridge, harvard, mit, oxford and stanford.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] for – , the center for world university rankings (cwur) ranked the university th in the world based on quality of education, alumni employment, quality of faculty, and research performance.[ ] in , the nature index ranked the university the ninth largest contributor to papers published in leading journals.[ ][ ] admissions and enrollment[edit] demographics of student body (fall )[ ][ ] 		undergraduate	graduate	california	u.s. census 	black 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	asian 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	non-hispanic white 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	hispanic (of any race) 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	native american 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	international 	 . %	 . %	n/a	n/a 	other/unknown 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % for fall , berkeley's total enrollment was , : , undergraduate and , graduate students, with women accounting for percent of undergraduates and percent of graduate and professional students.[ ] the acceptance rate for freshmen was . percent. of enrolled freshmen, percent were women. enrolled freshman had an average unweighted gpa of . and an average sat score of . the interquartile range for sat scores was – . berkeley and other campuses of the university of california do not superscore. fall freshman profile 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	applicants[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	admits[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	admit rate[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . %	 . % 	enrolled[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	sat range [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	 – 	act average [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	gpa (unweighted) [ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . 	 . berkeley students are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. generally, financial aid inquiries are processed through the financial aid and scholarships office, although some schools, such as the haas school of business[ ] and berkeley law,[ ] have their own financial aid offices. berkeley's enrollment of national merit scholars was third in the nation until , when participation in the national merit program was discontinued.[ ] for – , berkeley ranked fourth in enrollment of recipients of the national merit $ , scholarship ( scholars).[ ] twenty-seven percent of admitted students receive federal pell grants.[ ] discoveries and innovation[edit] simplified evolution of unix systems and bsd forks a number of significant inventions and discoveries have been made by the berkeley faculty and researchers:[ ] natural sciences[edit] 	atomic bomb – physics professor j. robert oppenheimer was wartime director of los alamos national laboratory and the manhattan project. 	carbon & photosynthesis – martin kamen and sam ruben first discovered carbon in , and nobel laureate melvin calvin and his colleagues used carbon as a molecular tracer to reveal the carbon assimilation path in photosynthesis, known as calvin cycle.[ ] 	carcinogens – identified chemicals that damage dna. the ames test was described in a series of papers in by bruce ames and his group at the university. 	chemical elements – elements have been discovered at berkeley (astatine, neptunium, plutonium, curium, americium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, dubnium, seaborgium, technetium, and rutherfordium).[ ][ ] 	covalent bond – gilbert n. lewis in described the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, and invented the lewis notation to describe the mechanisms. 	crispr gene editing – nobel laureate jennifer doudna discovers a precise and inexpensive way for manipulating dna in human cells.[ ] 	cyclotron – ernest o. lawrence created a particle accelerator in , and was awarded the nobel physics prize in .[ ] 	dark energy – saul perlmutter and many others in the supernova cosmology project discover the universe is expanding because of dark energy . 	flu vaccine – wendell m. stanley and colleagues discovered the vaccine in the s. 	hydrogen bomb – edward teller, the father of hydrogen bomb, was a professor at berkeley and a researcher at the lawrence livermore national laboratory & the los alamos national laboratory. 	immunotherapy of cancer – james p. allison discovers and develops monoclonal antibody therapy that uses the immune system to combat cancer – . 	molecular clock – allan wilson discovery in . 	neuroplasticity – marian diamond discovers structural, biochemical, and synaptic changes in brain caused by environmental enrichment 	oncogene – peter duesberg discovers first cancer causing gene in a virus s. 	telomerase – elizabeth h. blackburn, carol greider, and jack szostak discover enzyme that promotes cell division and growth . 	vitamin e – gladys anderson emerson isolates vitamin e in a pure form in .[ ] computer and applied sciences[edit] 	berkeley risc – david patterson leads arpa's vlsi project of microprocessor design – .[ ] 	berkeley unix/berkeley software distribution (bsd) – the computer systems research group was a research group at berkeley that was dedicated to enhancing at&t unix operating system and funded by defense advanced research projects agency. bill joy modified the code and released it in under the open source bsd license, starting an open-source revolution. 	deep sea diving – joel henry hildebrand used helium with oxygen to mitigate decompression sickness.[ ] 	gimp – in , spencer kimball and peter mattis began developing gimp as a semester-long project at berkeley. 	polygraph – invented by john augustus larson and a police officer from the berkeley police department in .[ ] 	project genie – darpa funded project. it produced an early time-sharing system including the berkeley timesharing system, which was then commercialized as the sds . concepts from project genie influenced the development of the tenex operating system for the pdp- , and unix, which inherited the concept of process forking from it.[ ] unix co-creator ken thompson worked on project genie while at berkeley. 	spice – donald o. pederson develops the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (spice) .[ ] 	tcl programming language – developed by john ousterhout in .[ ] 	three-dimensional transistor – chenming hu won the national medal of technology for developing the "first -dimensional transistors, which radically advanced semiconductor technology."[ ] 	vi text editor – bill joy created the first vi editor in .[ ] 	wetsuit – hugh bradner invents first wetsuit .[ ] companies and entrepreneurship[edit] main article: list of companies founded by uc berkeley alumni berkeley alumni and faculty have founded many companies, some of which are shown below.[ ][ ] berkeley has often been cited as one of the universities that have produced most entrepreneurs, and boasts its own startup incubator, berkeley skydeck.[ ][ ][ ][ ][ ] 	activision blizzard, (as activision), co-founder alan miller (bs) and larry kaplan (ba) 	aig, , founder cornelius vander starr (attended) 	apple, , co-founder steve wozniak (bs) 	coursera, , co-founder andrew ng (phd) 	ebay, , founder pierre omidyar (attended)[ ][ ] 	gap inc., , co-founder donald fisher (bs) 	htc corporation, , co-founder cher wang (ba) 	intel, , co-founders gordon moore (bs) and andy grove (phd) 	marvell technology group, , co-founders sehat sutardja (ms, phd) and weili dai (ba) 	morgan stanley, (as dean witter & co.), co-founder dean g. witter (ba) 	mozilla corporation, , co-founder mitchell baker (ba, jd) 	myspace, , co-founder tom anderson (ba) 	renaissance technologies, , founder james simons (phd) 	rotten tomatoes, , founders senh duong (ba), patrick y. lee (ba) and stephen wang (ba) 	sandisk, , co-founder sanjay mehrotra (bs, ms) 	softbank, , founder masayoshi son (ba) 	sun microsystems, , co-founder bill joy (ms) 	tesla, , co-founder marc tarpenning (bs) 	vmware, , co-founders diane greene (ms) and mendel rosenblum (phd) campus[edit] main article: campus of the university of california, berkeley sather gate, connecting sproul plaza to the inner campus, was a center of the free speech movement. the berkeley campus encompasses approximately , acres (  ha), though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western acres (  ha) of this area. of the remaining acres, approximately acres (  ha) are occupied by the lawrence berkeley national laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the lawrence hall of science and several research units, notably the space sciences laboratory, the mathematical sciences research institute, an -acre (  ha) ecological preserve, the university of california botanical garden and a recreation center in strawberry canyon. portions of the mostly undeveloped, eastern area of the campus are actually within the city of oakland; these portions extend from the claremont resort north through the panoramic hill neighborhood to tilden park.[ ] the doe library, bancroft library, and sather tower looking south. to the west of the central campus is the downtown business district of berkeley; to the northwest is the neighborhood of north berkeley, including the so-called gourmet ghetto, a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as chez panisse. immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as northside with a large graduate student population;[ ] situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the berkeley hills. immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row and beyond that the clark kerr campus and an upscale residential area named claremont. the area south of the university includes student housing and telegraph avenue, one of berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. in addition, the university also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a -acre (  ha) married student housing complex in the nearby town of albany ("albany village" and the "gill tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in richmond, california. the uc botanical garden, located in the berkeley hills and by the berkeley lab. the campus is home to several museums including the university of california museum of paleontology, the berkeley art museum and pacific film archive, and the lawrence hall of science. the museum of paleontology, found in the lobby of the valley life sciences building, showcases a variety of dinosaur fossils including a complete cast of a tyrannosaurus rex. the campus also offers resources for innovation and entrepreneurship, such as the big ideas competition (blum center for developing economies), skydeck, the sutardja center for entrepreneurship and technology, and the berkeley haas innovation lab.[ ] the campus is also home to the university of california botanical garden, one of the most diverse plant collections in the united states, famous for its large number of rare and endangered species, with more than , individual species. outside of the bay area, the university owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern sierra nevada. -degree-view of the uc berkeley campus architecture[edit] south hall ( ), one of the two original buildings of the university of california, still stands on the berkeley campus what is considered the historic campus today was the result of the "international competition for the phoebe hearst architectural plan for the university of california", funded by william randolph hearst's mother and initially held in the belgian city of antwerp; eleven finalists were judged again in san francisco in .[ ] the winner was frenchman Émile bénard, however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor john galen howard. howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the s and s. the structures forming the "classical core" of the campus were built in the beaux-arts classical style, and include hearst greek theatre, hearst memorial mining building, doe memorial library, california hall, wheeler hall, (old) le conte hall, gilman hall, haviland hall, wellman hall, sather gate, and the -foot (  m) sather tower (nicknamed "the campanile" after its architectural inspiration, st mark's campanile in venice), the tallest university clock tower in the united states.[ ] buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or collegiate gothic styles; examples of these are north gate hall, dwinelle annex, and stephens hall. many of howard's designs are recognized california historical landmarks[ ] and are listed on the national register of historic places. built in in a victorian second-empire-style, south hall, designed by david farquharson, is the oldest university building in california. it, and the frederick law olmsted-designed piedmont avenue east of the main campus, are two of the only surviving examples of the nineteenth-century campus. other notable architects and firms whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are bernard maybeck[ ] (faculty club); julia morgan (hearst women's gymnasium and julia morgan hall); william wurster (stern hall); moore ruble yudell (haas school of business); tod williams billie tsien architects (c.v. starr east asian library), and diller scofidio + renfro (berkeley art museum and pacific film archive). natural features[edit] the south fork of strawberry creek, as seen between dwinelle hall and lower sproul plaza. flowing into the main campus are two branches of strawberry creek. the south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of strawberry canyon and passes beneath california memorial stadium before appearing again in faculty glade. it then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. the north fork appears just east of university house and runs through the glade north of the valley life sciences building, the original site of the campus arboretum. trees in the area date from the founding of the university. the campus features numerous wooded areas, including: founders' rock, faculty glade, grinnell natural area, and the eucalyptus grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in north america.[ ] the campus sits on the hayward fault, which runs directly through california memorial stadium.[ ] student life and traditions[edit] fans atop tightwad hill watch the cal band, with views of the stadium and the san francisco bay. the official university mascot is oski the bear, who debuted in . previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at memorial stadium until it was decided in that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative. named after the oski-wow-wow yell, he is cared for by the oski committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.[ ] the university of california marching band, which has served the university since , performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. a smaller subset of the cal band, the straw hat band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.[ ] the uc rally committee, formed in , is the official guardian of california's spirit and traditions. wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, rally committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five cal flags, the large california banner overhanging the memorial stadium student section and haas pavilion, the california victory cannon, card stunts and the big "c" among other duties. the rally committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the stanford axe when it is in cal's possession.[ ] the chairman of the rally committee holds the title "custodian of the axe" while it is in the committee's care. the cal mic men, a standard at home football games, has recently expanded to involve basketball and volleyball. the traditional role comes from students holding megaphones and yelling, but now includes microphones, a dedicated platform during games, and the direction of the entire student section.[ ] both men and women are allowed to fulfill the role, despite the name.overlooking the main berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, the big "c" is an important symbol of california school spirit. the big "c" has its roots in an early th-century campus event called "rush", which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up charter hill that often developed into a wrestling match. it was eventually decided to discontinue rush and, in , the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build "the big c".[ ] owing to its prominent position, the big "c" is often the target of pranks by rival stanford university students who paint the big "c" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. one of the rally committee's functions is to repaint the big "c" to its traditional color of king alfred yellow. cal students invented the college football tradition of card stunts. then known as bleacher stunts, they were first performed during the big game and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the stanford axe and a large blue "c" on a white background. the tradition continues today in the cal student section and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.[ ] the california victory cannon, placed on tightwad hill overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every cal victory. first used in the big game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to tightwad hill in . the only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against pacific in , when cal scored touchdowns.[ ] student housing[edit] main article: housing at the university of california, berkeley berkeley students are offered a variety of housing options, including university-owned or affiliated residences, private residences, fraternities and sororities, and cooperative housing (co-ops). university housing[edit] the international house was opened in with the funding of john d. rockefeller. christian hall the university runs twelve different residence halls: seven undergraduate residence halls or complexes, both with and without themes; family student housing; re-entry student housing; and optional international student housing at the international house, built with a gift from john d. rockefeller, jr. and the erstwhile home of six nobel laureates. undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of berkeley. units , and , located on the south side of campus, offer high-rise accommodations with common areas on every other floor. units and share a common dining hall, crossroads. the oldest unit, unit , has its own dining hall, café , on the first floor.[ ] at the beginning of the – school year, a new building called blackwell hall, was opened across the street from unit . these buildings share a dining hall. further away and also on the south side of campus is clark kerr, an undergraduate residential complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind. in the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence halls: foothill, stern, and bowles. foothill is a co-ed, suite-style hall reminiscent of a swiss chalet. just south of foothill, overlooking the hearst greek theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style stern hall, which boasts an original mural by diego rivera. because of their proximity to the college of engineering and college of chemistry, these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. they tend to be quieter than the southside complexes but often get free glimpses of concerts owing to their proximity to the theater. bowles hall, the country's oldest residential college, is located on the north side of campus between california memorial stadium and the hearst greek theater. gifted by mary mcnear bowles in to honor her late husband, regent philip e. bowles, the college began as a student-governed residence hall.[ ] the hall was originally all male until its reopening in following a $ million renovation.[ ] bowles is known for its collegiate gothic architecture, its sense of community, and its unusual traditions and pranks.[ ] bowles hall, a co-ed residential college, neighbors the hearst greek theatre. the channing-bowditch and ida jackson apartments cater to re-entry students,[ ][ ] while the -acre university village, located some miles ( .  km) northwest of campus, provides housing for students with families. clark kerr residential campus cooperative housing[edit] main article: berkeley student cooperative berkeley students, and those of other local schools, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses participating in the berkeley student cooperative (bsc), a nonprofit housing cooperative network consisting of residences and member-owners.[ ] notable bcs alumni include norman mineta, steve wozniak, gordon moore, nathan huggins, marion nestle, and beverly cleary. fraternities and sororities[edit] about three percent of undergraduate men and nine percent of undergraduate women—or , of total undergraduates—are active in berekeley's greek system.[ ] university-sanctioned fraternities and sororities comprise over houses affiliated with four greek councils.[ ][ ] 	fraternities (ifc)[ ] 	sororities (phc)[ ] 	 	alpha delta phi 	alpha epsilon pi 	alpha gamma omega 	alpha kappa lambda 	alpha sigma phi 	alpha tau omega 	chi phi 	 	chi psi 	delta chi 	delta kappa epsilon 	delta sigma phi 	delta upsilon 	kappa alpha order 	kappa sigma 	 	kappa delta rho 	nu alpha kappa 	phi delta theta 	phi kappa psi 	phi kappa tau 	pi kappa alpha 	pi kappa phi 	 	pi lambda phi 	sigma alpha epsilon 	sigma alpha mu 	sigma chi 	sigma nu 	sigma phi epsilon 	sigma pi 	 	tau kappa epsilon 	theta chi 	theta delta chi 	zeta beta tau 	zeta psi 	 	alpha chi omega 	alpha delta pi 	alpha phi 	chi omega 	delta delta delta 	delta gamma 	gamma phi beta 	 	kappa alpha theta 	kappa kappa gamma 	omega phi beta 	pi beta phi 	sigma kappa 	sigma psi zeta 	zeta tau alpha student-run organizations[edit] associated students of the university of california (asuc)[edit] main article: associated students of the university of california wellness room sleep pods: part of a program created by the asuc, uc berkeley's official student association the associated students of the university of california (asuc) is the official student association that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. it is considered[by whom?] the most autonomous student government at any university in the u.s. due to its independent funding model, level of university involvement and resources.[citation needed] the two main political parties are "student action"[ ] and "calserve."[ ] the organization was founded in and has an annual operating budget of $ . million (excluding the budget of the graduate assembly of the asuc), in addition to various investment assets. its alumni include multiple state senators, assemblymembers, and white house administration officials.[ ][circular reference] the asuc's student union program, entertainment, and recreation board (superb) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. founded in , superb's programming includes the friday film series, free noon concerts on lower sproul plaza, comedy competitions, poker tournaments, free sneak previews of upcoming movies, and more. media and publications[edit] berkeley's student-run online television station, caltv, was formed in and broadcasts online. it is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors. since the mid- s, it has been a program of the asuc.[ ] berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is the daily californian. founded in , the daily cal became independent in after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back people's park. the daily californian has both a print and online edition. print circulation is about , . the newspaper is an important source of information for students, faculty, staff, and the surrounding city of berkeley. berkeley's fm student radio station, kalx, broadcasts on .  mhz. it is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members. berkeley also features an assortment of student-run publications: 	california law review, law journal published by berkeley law, est. . 	berkeley fiction review, american literary magazine, est. . 	berkeley poetry review, national poetry journal, est. . 	berkeley political review, nonpartisan political magazine, est. . 	berkeley economic review, economics journal, est. . 	business berkeley, haas undergraduate journal. 	caliber magazine, an "everything magazine," featuring articles and blogs on a wide range of topics, est. . 	free peach, satirical newspaper, est. . 	b-side, music magazine, est. . 	california patriot, conservative political magazine, est. . 	smart ass, liberal magazine, est. . student groups[edit] "decal" redirects here. for other uses, see decal (disambiguation). berkeley dance marathon, one of the campus's student-led fundraising events zellerbach hall, home of the cal performances theater group there are some political student groups on campus, including mechxa de uc berkeley, berkeley aclu, berkeley students for life, campus greens, the sustainability team (steam), the berkeley student food collective, students for sensible drug policy, cal berkeley democrats, and the berkeley college republicans.[ ] the residence hall assembly (rha) is the student-led umbrella organization that oversees event planning, legislation, sponsorships and other activities for over , on-campus undergraduate residents.[ ] berkeley students also run a number of consulting groups, including the berkeley group, founded in and affiliated with the haas school.[ ] students from various concentrations are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with actual nonprofit clients. berkeley consulting, founded in , has served over companies across the high-tech, retail, banking, and non-profit sectors.[ ] imagical[ ] has been the college chapter of the american advertising federation at berkeley since the late s. the team competes annually in the national student advertising competition, with students from disparate majors working together on a marketing case underwritten by a corporate sponsor. the berkeley forum is a nonpartisan student organization that hosts panels, debates, and speeches across a variety of fields.[ ] past speakers include senator rand paul, entrepreneur and venture capitalist peter thiel, and khan academy founder salman khan. uc berkeley symphony orchestra democratic education at cal, or decal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes.[ ] decal arose out of the s free speech movement and was officially established in . the program offers around courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the student community, including classes on the rubik's cube, blockchain, web design, metamodernism, cooking, jewish art, d animation, and bioprinting.[ ] the campus is home to several a cappella groups, including drawn to scale, artists in resonance, berkeley dil se, the uc men's octet, the california golden overtones, and noteworthy. the university of california men's octet was founded in and features a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. hewing to tradition, the groups perform weekly under sather gate on alternating days. berkeley hosts a myriad other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music, and include jericho!, improv & sketch comedy, the movement, taiko drumming, barestage student musical theater, the remedy music project, main stacks, afx dance, and truelement. since , students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the university of california jazz ensembles. under the direction of dr. david w. tucker, who was hired by the cal band as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. for several decades it hosted the pacific coast collegiate jazz festival, part of the american collegiate jazz festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. pccjf brought jazz luminaries such as hubert laws, sonny rollins, freddie hubbard, and ed shaughnessy to the berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. the festival later included high school musicians. michael wolff and andy narell are just a couple of its more famous alumni. berkeley student organizations also hosts many other conferences, seminars, and musical and theatrical performances, including the annual sociological research symposium. athletics[edit] main article: california golden bears the base of the california memorial stadium. the interior of haas pavilion during a cal basketball game. the cal bears face off against the stanford cardinal in the big game. the university's athletic teams are known as the california golden bears (often shortened to "cal bears" or just "cal") and are primarily members of the ncaa division i pac- conference (pac- ). cal is also a member of the mountain pacific sports federation in several sports not sponsored by the pac- and the america east conference in women's field hockey. the first school colors, established in by a committee of students, were blue (specifically yale blue) and gold.[ ][ ] yale blue was originally chosen because many of the university's inaugural faculty were yale graduates, including henry durant, its first president. blue and gold were specified and made the official colors of the university and the state colors of california in .[ ][ ] however, the athletic department has recently specified a darker blue, close to but not the same as the berkeley blue now used by the university.[ ][ ] the california golden bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's judo, men's track, and men's rugby. in addition, cal athletes have won numerous individual ncaa titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. on january , , the university's hurling club made athletic history by defeating stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever played on american soil. berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball ( ), men's basketball ( ), men's crew ( ), women's crew ( ), football ( ), men's golf ( ), men's gymnastics ( ), men's lacrosse ( ), men's rugby ( ), softball ( ), men's swimming & diving ( ), women's swimming & diving ( ), men's tennis ( ), men's track & field ( ), and men's water polo ( ). cal students and alumni have also won olympic medals.[ ] california finished in first place[ ] in the – fall u.s. sports academy directors' cup standings (now the nacda directors' cup), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in ncaa sports. cal finished the – competition in seventh place with points.[ ] most recently, california finished in third place in the – nacda directors' cup with . points, finishing behind stanford and ohio state. this is california's highest ever finish in the director's cup.[ ] the golden bears' traditional arch-rival is the stanford cardinal, and the most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football match dubbed the big game, celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. since , the winner of the big game has been awarded custody of the stanford axe. other sporting games between these rivals have related names such as the big splash (water polo) or the big kick (soccer).[ ] one of the most famous moments in college football history occurred during the th big game on november , . in what has become known as "the band play" or simply the play, cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the stanford marching band rushing onto the field. notable alumni, faculty, and staff[edit] berkeley alumni, faculty and staff have distinguished themselves in a wide range of endeavors and include nobel laureates ( alumni), turing award winners ( alumni), fields medalists, wolf prize winners, macarthur fellows ( alumni) , pulitzer prize recipients, academy award winners, five foreign heads of state, chief justices of the united states and california,[ ] cabinet members, ten state governors, numerous members of congress, general and flag officers of the united states armed forces, billionaires, and the founders or co-founders of many world-renowned companies. 	 			 			 earl warren, ba , jd , th chief justice of the united states, th governor of california 			 		 	 			 			 steven chu, phd , nobel laureate and former united states secretary of energy 			 		 	 			 			 jennifer granholm, ba , first female governor of michigan 			 		 	 			 			 zulfikar ali bhutto, ba ,[ ] th president of pakistan, th prime minister of pakistan 			 		 	 			 			 robert reich, professor of public policy, nd united states secretary of labor 			 		 	 			 			 christina romer, professor of economics, th chairperson of the president's council of economic advisers 			 		 	 			 			 steve wozniak, bs , cofounder of apple inc. 			 		 	 			 			 gordon moore, bs , cofounder of semiconductor company intel 			 		 	 			 			 eric schmidt, ms , phd , executive chairman of alphabet 			 		 	 			 			 edmund gerald "jerry" brown, jr, ba , governor of california, former california attorney general 			 		 	 			 			 gregory peck, ba , academy award-winning actor 			 		 	 			 			 natalie coughlin, ba , multiple gold medal-winning olympic swimmer 			 		 	 			 			 haakon magnus, crown prince of norway, ba [ ] 			 		 	 			 			 robert mcnamara, ba , president of world bank ( – ), united states secretary of defense ( – ), president of ford motor company ( ) 			 		 	 			 			 daniel kahneman, phd , awarded the nobel memorial prize in economics for his work in prospect theory 			 		 	 			 			 harold urey, phd , nobel laureate and discoverer of deuterium 			 		 faculty and staff[edit] further information: list of university of california, berkeley faculty and list of nobel laureates affiliated with the university of california, berkeley 	shiing-shen chern, a leading geometer of the th century, co-founded the renowned mathematical sciences research institute and served as its founding director until .[ ][ ] 	physicist j. robert oppenheimer was scientific director of the manhattan project and was the founder of the berkeley center for theoretical physics.[ ] 	faculty member edward teller was (together with stanislaw ulam) the "father of the hydrogen bomb", who laid important foundations for the establishment of space sciences laboratory at berkeley.[ ] 	ernest lawrence, a nobel laureate in physics who invented the cyclotron at berkeley, and founded the radiation laboratory on campus, which later became the lawrence berkeley national laboratory.[ ] 	gilbert n. lewis, former dean of the college of chemistry, was nominated times for nobel prize in chemistry.[ ][ ] he mentored and influenced numerous berkeley nobel laureates, including harold urey ( nobel prize), william f. giauque ( nobel prize), glenn t. seaborg ( nobel prize), willard libby ( nobel prize), and melvin calvin ( nobel prize).[ ][ ] 	nobel laureate glenn t. seaborg discovered or co-discovered chemical elements at berkeley and served as chancellor from to .[ ][ ] 	hans albert einstein, the first son of albert einstein and a world's leading scholar in hydraulic engineering, was a long-time faculty member at berkeley.[ ] 	former united states secretary of energy and nobel laureate steven chu (phd ), was director of berkeley lab, – . 	janet yellen, the th chair of the federal reserve board, is a professor emeritus at berkeley haas school of business and the department of economics.[ ][ ] alumni[edit] further information: list of university of california, berkeley alumni the computer mouse was invented by turing award laureate doug engelbart, beng , phd berkeley alumni have served in a range of prominent government offices, both domestic and foreign, including chief justice of the united states supreme court (earl warren, ba, jd); united states attorney general (edwin meese iii, jd); united states secretary of state (dean rusk, llb); united states secretary of the treasury (w. michael blumenthal, ba, and g. william miller, jd); united states secretary of defense (robert mcnamara, bs); united states secretary of the interior (franklin knight lane, ); united states secretary of transportation and united states secretary of commerce (norman mineta, bs); united states secretary of agriculture (ann veneman, mpp); national security advisor (robert c. o'brien, jd); scores of federal judges and members of the united states congress ( currently serving) and united states foreign service; governors of california (george c. pardee; hiram w. johnson; earl warren, ba and llb; jerry brown, ba; and pete wilson, jd), michigan (jennifer granholm, ba), and the united states virgin islands (walter a. gordon, ba); chief of staff of the united states army (frederick c. weyand, class of ); lieutenant general of the united states army (jimmy doolittle); vice admiral of the united states navy (murry l. royar, class of ); major general of the united states marine corps (oliver prince smith); brigadier general of the united states marine corps (bertram a. bone); director of the central intelligence agency and chairman of the atomic energy commission (john a. mccone, bs); chair and members of the council of economic advisors (michael boskin, ba, phd.; sandra black, ba; jesse rothstein, phd; robert seamans, phd; jay shambaugh, phd; james stock, ma, phd); governor of the federal reserve system (h. robert heller, phd) and president and ceo of the federal reserve bank of new york (william dudley, phd); commissioners of the sec (troy a. paredes, ba) and the fcc (rachelle chong, ba); and united states surgeon general (kenneth p. moritsugu, mph). tonika sealy-thompson appointed barbados' ambassador to brazil foreign alumni include the president of colombia – , (pedro nel ospina vázquez, ba, mining engineering); the president of mexico (francisco i. madero, attended – ); the president and prime minister of pakistan; the premier of the republic of china (sun fo, ba); the president of costa rica (miguel angel rodriguez, ma, phd); and members of parliament of the united kingdom (house of lords, lydia dunn, baroness dunn, bs), india (rajya sabha, the upper house, prithviraj chavan, ms); iran (mohammad javad larijani, phd); nigerian minister of science and technology and first executive governor of abia state (ogbonnaya onu, phd chemical engineering); barbados' ambassador to brazil (tonika sealy-thompson). alumni have also served in many supranational posts, notable among which are president of the world bank (robert mcnamara, bs); deputy prime minister of spain and managing director of the international monetary fund (rodrigo rato, mba); executive director of unicef (ann veneman, mpp); member of the european parliament (bruno megret, ms); and judge of the world court (joan donoghue, jd). robert laughlin, ba , nobel laureate alumni have made important contributions to science. some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. nobel laureate william f. giauque (bs , phd ) investigated chemical thermodynamics, nobel laureate willard libby (bs , phd ) pioneered radiocarbon dating, nobel laureate willis lamb (bs , phd ) examined the hydrogen spectrum, nobel laureate hamilton o. smith (ba ) applied restriction enzymes to molecular genetics, nobel laureate robert laughlin (ba math ) explored the fractional quantum hall effect, and nobel laureate andrew fire (ba math ) helped to discover rna interference-gene silencing by double-stranded rna. nobel laureate glenn t. seaborg (phd ) collaborated with albert ghiorso (bs ) to discover chemical elements, such as americium, berkelium, and californium. david bohm (phd ) discovered bohm diffusion. nobel laureate yuan t. lee (phd ) developed the crossed molecular beam technique for studying chemical reactions. carol greider (phd ), professor of molecular biology and genetics at johns hopkins university school of medicine, was awarded the nobel prize in medicine for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer. harvey itano (bs ) conducted breakthrough work on sickle cell anemia that marked the first time a disease was linked to a molecular origin.[ ] while he was valedictorian of uc berkeley's class of , he was unable to attend commencement exercises due to internment.[ ] narendra karmarkar (phd ) is known for the interior point method, a polynomial algorithm for linear programming known as karmarkar's algorithm.[ ] national medal of science laureate chien-shiung wu (phd ), often known as the "chinese madame curie", disproved the law of conservation of parity for which she was awarded the inaugural wolf prize in physics.[ ] kary mullis (phd ) was awarded the nobel prize in chemistry for his role in developing the polymerase chain reaction,[ ] a method for amplifying dna sequences. daniel kahneman was awarded the nobel memorial prize in economics for his work in prospect theory. richard o. buckius, engineer, bachelor's in mechanical engineering ' , masters ' , phd ' , currently chief operating officer of the national science foundation. edward p. tryon (phd ) is the physicist who first said our universe originated from a quantum fluctuation of the vacuum.[ ][ ][ ] john n. bahcall (bs ) worked on the standard solar model and the hubble space telescope,[ ] resulting in a national medal of science.[ ] peter smith (bs ) was the principal investigator and project leader for the nasa robotic explorer phoenix,[ ] which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet mars for the first time.[ ] astronauts james van hoften (bs ), margaret rhea seddon (ba ), leroy chiao (bs ), and rex walheim (bs ) have orbited the earth in nasa's fleet of space shuttles. undergraduate alumni have founded or cofounded such companies as apple computer,[ ] intel,[ ] lsi logic[ ] the gap,[ ] myspace,[ ] powerbar,[ ] berkeley systems,[ ] bolt, beranek and newman[ ] (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the internet), chez panisse,[ ] grandcentral (known now as google voice),[ ] htc corporation,[ ] via technologies,[ ] marvell technology group,[ ] moveon.org,[ ] opsware,[ ] redoctane,[ ] rimon law p.c.,[ ] sandisk,[ ] scharffen berger chocolate maker,[ ] vmware[ ] and zilog,[ ] while graduate school alumni have cofounded companies such as dhl,[ ] keyhole inc (known now as google earth),[ ] sun microsystems,[ ] and the learning company.[ ] berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as electronic arts,[ ] google,[ ] adobe systems,[ ] softbank (masayoshi son) and qualcomm.[ ] turing award laureate ken thompson (left), bs , ms , and fellow laureate and colleague dennis ritchie (right), created unix together berkeley alumni have developed a number of key technologies associated with the personal computer and the internet.[ ] unix was created by alumnus ken thompson (bs , ms ) along with colleague dennis ritchie. alumni such as l. peter deutsch[ ][ ][ ] (phd ), butler lampson (phd ), and charles p. thacker (bs )[ ] worked with ken thompson on project genie and then formed the ill-fated us department of defense-funded berkeley computer corporation (bcc), which was scattered throughout the berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.[ ] after bcc failed, deutsch, lampson, and thacker joined xerox parc, where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the xerox alto that inspired the apple macintosh. in particular, the alto used a computer mouse, which had been invented by doug engelbart (beng , phd ). thompson, lampson, engelbart, and thacker[ ] all later received a turing award. also at xerox parc was ronald v. schmidt (bs , ms , phd ), who became known as "the man who brought ethernet to the masses".[ ] another xerox parc researcher, charles simonyi (bs ), pioneered the first wysiwig word processor program and was recruited personally by bill gates to join the fledgling company known as microsoft to create microsoft word. simonyi later became the first repeat space tourist, blasting off on russian soyuz rockets to work at the international space station orbiting the earth. in , a graduate student in the computer science department named bill joy (ms ) assembled[ ] the original berkeley software distribution, commonly known as bsd unix. joy, who went on to co-found sun microsystems, also developed the original version of the terminal console editor vi, while ken arnold (ba ) created curses, a terminal control library for unix-like systems that enables the construction of text user interface (tui) applications. working alongside joy at berkeley were undergraduates william jolitz (bs ) and his future wife lynne jolitz (ba ), who together created bsd, a version of bsd unix that runs on intel cpus and evolved into the bsd family of free operating systems and the darwin operating system underlying apple mac os x.[ ] eric allman (bs , ms ) created sendmail, a unix mail transfer agent that delivers about percent of the email in the world.[ ] the xcf, an undergraduate research group located in soda hall, has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including gtk+ (created by peter mattis, bs ), the gimp (spencer kimball, bs ), and the initial diagnosis of the morris worm.[ ] in , pei-yuan wei,[ ] an undergraduate at the xcf, created violawww, one of the first graphical web browsers. violawww was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. in the spirit of open source, he donated the code to sun microsystems, inspiring java applets( kim polese (bs ) was the original product manager for java at sun microsystems.) violawww also inspired researchers at the national center for supercomputing applications to create the mosaic web browser,[ ] a pioneering web browser that became microsoft internet explorer. robert penn warren, ma  – novelist and poet, who received the pulitzer prize three times alumni collectively have won at least twenty-five pulitzer prizes. pulitzer prize–winning journalist marguerite higgins (ba ) was a pioneering female war correspondent[ ][ ] who covered world war ii, the korean war, and the vietnam war.[ ] novelist robert penn warren (ma ) won three pulitzer prizes,[ ] including one for his novel all the king's men, which was later made into an academy award-winning[ ] movie. pulitzer prize–winning cartoonist rube goldberg (bs ) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as rube goldberg machines. journalist alexandra berzon (ma ) won a pulitzer prize in ,[ ] and journalist matt richtel (ba ), who also coauthors the comic strip rudy park under the pen name of "theron heir",[ ] won the pulitzer prize for national reporting.[ ] pulitzer prize-winning historian leon litwack (ba[ ] , phd ) taught as a professor at uc berkeley for years;[ ] three other uc berkeley professors have also received the pulitzer prize. alumna and professor susan rasky won the polk award for journalism in . usc professor and berkeley alumnus viet thanh nguyen's (phd ) first novel the sympathizer won the pulitzer prize for fiction[ ] alumni have also written novels and screenplays that have attracted oscar-caliber talent, including the call of the wild author jack london. irving stone (ba ) wrote the novel lust for life, which was later made into an academy award-winning film of the same name starring kirk douglas as vincent van gogh. stone also wrote the agony and the ecstasy, which was later made into a film of the same name starring oscar winner charlton heston as michelangelo. mona simpson (ba ) wrote the novel anywhere but here, which was later made into a film of the same name starring oscar-winning actress susan sarandon. terry mcmillan (ba ) wrote how stella got her groove back, which was later made into a film of the same name starring oscar-nominated actress angela bassett. randi mayem singer (ba ) wrote the screenplay for mrs. doubtfire, which starred oscar-winning actor robin williams and oscar-winning actress sally field. audrey wells (ba ) wrote the screenplay the truth about cats & dogs, which starred oscar-nominated actress uma thurman. james schamus (ba , ma , phd ) has collaborated on screenplays with oscar-winning director ang lee on the academy award-winning movies crouching tiger, hidden dragon and brokeback mountain. emmy and golden globe award winning actress kathy baker, ba collectively, alumni have won at least academy awards. gregory peck (ba ), nominated for four oscars during his career, won an oscar for acting in to kill a mockingbird. chris innis (ba ) won the oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, the hurt locker. walter plunkett (ba ) won an oscar for costume design (for an american in paris). freida lee mock (ba ) and charles h. ferguson (ba ) have each[ ][ ] won an oscar for documentary filmmaking. mark berger (ba ) has won four oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at uc berkeley.[ ] edith head (ba ), who was nominated for oscars during her career, won eight oscars for costume design. joe letteri (ba [ ]) has won four oscars for best visual effects in the james cameron film avatar and the peter jackson films king kong, the two towers, and the return of the king.[ ] alumni have collectively won at least emmy awards: jon else (ba ) for cinematography; andrew schneider (ba ) for screenwriting; linda schacht (ba , ma ), two for broadcast journalism;[ ][ ] christine chen (dual ba's ), two for broadcast journalism;[ ] kristen sze (ba), two for broadcast journalism;[ ] kathy baker (ba ), three for acting; ken milnes (bs ), four for broadcasting technology; and leroy sievers (ba),[ ] twelve for production. elisabeth leamy is the recipient of emmy awards. [ ][ ][ ] alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on tv today. karen grassle (ba ) played the mother caroline ingalls in little house on the prairie, jerry mathers (ba ) starred in leave it to beaver, and roxann dawson (ba ) portrayed b'elanna torres on star trek: voyager. former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as grateful dead bass guitarist phil lesh, the police drummer stewart copeland,[ ] rolling stone magazine founder jann wenner, the bangles lead singer susanna hoffs (ba ), counting crows lead singer adam duritz, electronic music producer giraffage, mtv correspondent suchin pak (ba ),[ ] afi musicians davey havok and jade puget (ba ), and solo artist marié digby (say it again). people magazine included third eye blind lead singer and songwriter stephan jenkins (ba ) in the magazine's list of most beautiful people.[ ] alumni have also participated in the world of sports. tennis athlete helen wills moody (ba ) won grand slam titles, including eight singles titles at wimbledon. tarik glenn (ba ) is a super bowl xli champion, and mitchell schwartz ( ) is an all-pro nfl offensive tackle. michele tafoya (ba ) is a sports television reporter for abc sports and espn.[ ] sports agent leigh steinberg ( ba , jd ) has represented professional athletes such as steve young, troy aikman, and oscar de la hoya; steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration[ ] for the title character in the oscar-winning[ ] film jerry maguire (portrayed by tom cruise). matt biondi (ba ) won eight olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different olympics. at the beijing olympics in , natalie coughlin (ba ) became the first american female athlete in modern olympic history[ ] to win six medals in one olympics. berkeley alumni—often generous benefactors—have long been among the billionaire ranks, their largess giving rise to many of the campus' eponymous schools, pavilions, centers, institutes, and halls, and with some of the more prominent being j. paul getty, ann getty, sanford diller and helen diller, donald fisher, flora lamson hewlett, david schwartz (bio-rad) and members of the haas (walter a. haas, rhoda haas goldman, walter a. haas jr., peter e. haas, bob haas), hearst, and bechtel families. there are at least living alumni billionaires: gordon moore (intel founder), james harris simons (renaissance technologies), masayoshi son (softbank),[ ] jon stryker (stryker medical equipment),[ ] eric schmidt (former google chairman) and wendy schmidt, michael milken, bassam alghanim, kutayba alghanim,[ ] charles simonyi (microsoft), cher wang (htc), robert haas (levi strauss & co.), carlos rodriguez-pastor (interbank, peru),[ ] fayez sarofim, daniel s. loeb, paul merage, david hindawi, orion hindawi, bill joy (computer programmer and sun microsystems founder), victor koo, lowell milken, nathaniel simons and laura baxter-simons, elizabeth simons and mark heising,[ ] oleg tinkov, liong tek kwee (bs ), liong seen kwee (bs ) and alice schwartz. controversies[edit] 	various human and animal rights groups have conflicted with berkeley. native americans conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the phoebe a. hearst museum of anthropology.[ ] 	cal's seismically unsafe memorial stadium reopened september after a $ -million renovation. the university incurred a controversial $ million of debt for the stadium and a new $ -million student athletic center, which it planned to finance with the sale of special stadium endowment seats. however, in june news surfaced that the university has had trouble selling the seats.[ ] the roughly $ -million interest-only annual payments on the debt consumes percent of cal's athletics' budget; principal repayment begins in and is scheduled to conclude in .[ ] 	on may , , berkeley was named one of fifty-five higher education institutions under investigation by the office of civil rights "for possible violations of federal law over the handling of sexual violence and harassment complaints" by the white house task force to protect students from sexual assault.[ ] investigations have continued into , with hundreds of pages of records released in april , showing a pattern of documented sexual harassment and firings of non-tenured staff.[ ] 	on july , , berkeley was removed from the u.s. news best colleges ranking for misreporting statistics. berkeley had originally reported that its two-year average alumni giving rate for fiscal years and was . percent, u.s. news said. the school later told u.s. news the correct average alumni giving rate for the fiscal year was just . percent. the school incorrectly overstated its alumni giving data to u.s. news since at least . the alumni giving rate accounts for percent of the best colleges ranking.[ ] see also[edit] 	san francisco bay area portal 	blockeley 	higher education recruitment consortium references[edit] 	^ "a brief history of the university of california". academic personnel and programs. 	^ as of june , ; 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"the press: last word". time. july , . 	^ "the press: pride of the regiment". time. september , . 	^ "columnists: lady at war". time. january , . 	^ encyclopædia britannica, inc. ( ). "robert penn warren". the biography channel. archived from the original on august , . 	^ nominated for seven academy awards, all the king's men won oscars for best picture of , best actor (broderick crawford), and best supporting actress (mercedes mccambridge)bosley crowther. "all the king's men – review summary". the new york times. retrieved may , . 	^ shannon lee (april , ). "journalism school alumna part of pulitzer-prize winning staff". the daily californian. 	^ vance, ashlee (april , ). "matt richtel". the new york times. retrieved may , . 	^ "matt richtel". the pulitzer prizes. . 	^ cathy cockrell (september , ). "leon litwack rocks". the berkeleyan and the uc berkeley newscenter. 	^ cathy cockrell (may , ). "leon litwack's last stand". uc berkeley newscenter (university of california, berkeley). 	^ "the pulitzer prizes". the pulitzer prizes – columbia university. 	^ freida lee mock (ba ) won an academy award for best documentary feature in for maya lin: a strong clear vision. "behind the lens – extended interviews with pov filmmakers". public broadcasting service and american documentary inc. march , . 	^ charles h. ferguson (ba ) won an academy award for best documentary feature in for inside job. andrew pulver (february , ). "oscars : inside job banks best documentary award". the guardian (united kingdom). 	^ jawad qadir (march , ). "uc berkeley professor mixes sound for award winning films". the daily californian. archived from the original on november , . 	^ "talk of the gown – blues in the news". california magazine. cal alumni association. june . 	^ sandra fischione donovan (march , ). "beaver county native wins fourth oscar for visual effects". pittsburgh tribune-review. 	^ "haas newswire, february , ". haas school of business and the university of california, berkeley. february , . archived from the original on june , . 	^ "television program faculty and lecturers". berkeley graduate school of journalism and the regents of the university of california. archived from the original on april , . cite journal requires |journal= (help) 	^ "asian hall of fame – induction ceremony". robert chinn foundation. . archived from the original on october , . retrieved april , . 	^ "meet the team – kristen sze". kgo news. archived from the original on december , . 	^ "colon cancer claims veteran journalist leroy sievers". abc news. august , . cite journal requires |journal= (help) 	^ "megametro newscenter story archives june–august ". megametro tv newscenter. megametro tv newscenter. retrieved november , . 	^ maynard, john (june , ). "youth is served at local emmys". the washington post. retrieved november , . 	^ "elisabeth leamy bio". abc news. abc news internet ventures. retrieved november , . 	^ rovi of all movie guide. "stewart copeland". the new york times. 	^ "suchin pak biography – reporter, host and interviewer – mtv news". mtv. 	^ "stephan jenkins: musician". people magazine. may , . 	^ "michele tafoya – espn's monday night football sideline reporter; play-by-play and sideline commentator". espn. archived from the original on july , . 	^ daniel roberts and pablo s. torre (april , ). "jerry maguire aspires to be you". sports illustrated. 	^ jerry maguire was nominated for academy awards, and won for best supporting actor (cuba gooding, jr.). 	^ "the six medals she won are the most by an american woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. her career total matches the third-most by any u.s. athlete." jaime aron (august , ). "coughlin's medals most by a us woman". canadian broadcasting corporation. archived from the original on may , . 	^ "masayoshi son". forbes. retrieved may , . 	^ "jon stryker". forbes. retrieved april , . 	^ "kutayba alghanim". forbes. retrieved april , . 	^ robinson, edward (august , ). "publicity shy tycoon forging modern peru amid expanding economy". bloomberg. retrieved august , . 	^ "democratic donor built up vast $ bn private wealth fund in bermuda". the guardian. november , . 	^ paddock, richard (january , ). "uc berkeley's bones of contention". los angeles times. retrieved january , . [dead link] alt url 	^ schwab, frank (june , ). "cal's new stadium renovation leaves school with huge debt to pay off". yahoo! sports. retrieved june , . 	^ asimov, nanette (june , ). "cal scrambling to cover stadium bill". san francisco chronicle. retrieved july , . 	^ "u.s. department of education releases list of higher education institutions with open title ix sexual violence investigations". u.s. department of education. retrieved july , . 	^ sam levin. "disturbing details of sexual harassment scandal at uc berkeley revealed in files". the guardian. 	^ "uc berkeley and four other schools removed from best colleges list for misreporting statistics". www.cbsnews.com. retrieved july , . further reading[edit] 	brechin, gray ( ). imperial san francisco. uc press ltd. isbn  - - - . 	cerny, susan dinkelspiel ( ). berkeley landmarks: an illustrated guide to berkeley, california's architectural heritage. berkeley architectural heritage association. isbn  - - - . 	freeman, jo ( ). at berkeley in the sixties: the education of an activist, – . indiana university press. isbn  - - - . 	helfand, harvey ( ). university of california, berkeley. princeton architectural press. isbn  - - - . 	owens, mfem ( ). america's best value colleges. the princeton review. isbn  - - - . 	rorabaugh, w. j. ( ). berkeley at war: the s. oxford university press. isbn  - - - . 	wiseman, frederick (director) ( ). at berkeley (motion picture). zipporah films. 	wong, geoffrey (may ). a golden state of mind. trafford publishing. isbn  - - - . external links[edit] 		wikimedia commons has media related to university of california, berkeley. 		wikiquote has quotations related to: university of california, berkeley 	official website 	california bears athletics website 	"california, university of" . collier's new encyclopedia. . 	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macos high sierra upgrade october , oauth in a chrome extension october , es export/import august , exporting/importing/re-exporting es modules styling and theming react components august , using css in js to style and theme react components async is more than await april , symfony forms march , symfony is best at allowing users to apply mutations to resources via html forms polymer + firebase makefile october , a makefile for deploying polymer apps to firebase distributed consensus april , what aaron understood september , what colour is a tree? september , collections of items in time and space fetching web resources september , using resource and collection interfaces to retrieve data from the web quantifying journals september , metrics for scoring and ranking journals it's a shame about google plus september , urls for people distributed asynchronous composable resources september , filling out data tables using promises and computed properties access-control-allow-origin: * april , add the access-control-allow-origin: * header to the data you publish no more documents april , client-side xml validation in javascript april , using an emscripten port of xmllint to validate xml against a dtd in a web browser. organising, building and deploying static web sites/applications march , using jekyll (remote or local) or yeoman (local) to build, serve and deploy a github pages site or application visualising political donations february , using tableau public to visualise donations to uk political parties force-directed tag clouds february , using artists as the dark matter in a graph of tags, to visualise the thematic content of radio shows exploring a personal twitter network january , using gephi to create a network graph showing the most highly-connected twitter friends of those i follow. searching for mergeable tables january , finding tabular data sets that can be merged, using urls for data types uk prospective parliamentary candidates january , the people who will be standing as candidates in the general election creating a map of grade i listed buildings january , filtering an environment agency shapefile to create a custom map uk parliamentary constituencies january , boundaries, names and codes of the uk's parliamentary constituencies the trouble with scientific software december , scientific software is often opaque, and difficult to obtain and cite archiving and displaying tweets with dat september , don't just publish json-ld june , publish plain, simple json, with a linked context document for consumers that want it vege-table: the data table that grows, with leaves may , the easiest, most resourceful way to harvest, explore and publish a collection of data. line-oriented data formats february , iterating arrays february , javascript methods for iterating arrays publishing research on the web january , two examples of publishing code, data and a human-readable report jquery microdata january , a jquery plugin for working with html microdata creating printable cards with html and css december , use html and css to fill a printed card with content post-humanist technology december , if you can't tell why a technology would be useful to you, it's for the robots collecting article metrics with openrefine december , using openrefine to collect article metrics data json templates december , using json templates to describe objects and query by example json-ld december , using context documents to map local property names to shared urls csv on the web, with php december , fetching, parsing and publishing csv publishing, versioning and persistence december , some rules for publishing a resource online select * from web december , ok guha describing objects december , using names and classes as shorthand for object properties switching off hubmed's rss and atom feeds august , hubmed's rss and atom feeds are discontinued web components july , using web components to define custom html elements internet surveillance june , methods of gathering information from the internet. citing articles within articles march , html markup for inline citations in scholarly articles open, social, academic bookmarking: save to app.net february , using app.net's file api to create an open, personal reading library. html metadata for journal articles november , a summary of ontologies for describing journal articles ten years of hubmed november , an overview of the ten years since hubmed was created publishing a podcast using google drive (in theory) september , generate a podcast feed for audio files stored on google drive, using apps script and yahoo pipes publishing articles using gists september , introducing macrodocs.org, a client-side renderer for articles stored in gists music seeds and more like these august , sources for music recommendation; querying by example querying data sets using google bigquery august , using google fusion tables to provide an api to data files august , resourceful web interfaces august , 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august , tiddlywikiiphone interface for delicious network august , deliciousiphonemapping statistics mini-presentation at barcamb august , mapsds game classics july , dsgameslondon age distribution maps part july , mapslondon age distribution maps july , mapsdata uri for a google search box july , googleiphonesecurity email addresses that are black holes july , securitybeware of the app july , iphonesecurityxmpp comments july , xmppupcoming api (php ) july , apiphpsend pdfs from skim to gmail july , applescriptgmailpdflisten direct /programmes july , bbcgreasemonkeyradioinstalling java advanced imaging in ubuntu hardy july , javaubuntuconvert amr files to wav in ubuntu hardy july , audiolinuxubuntuneighbourhood statistics api july , apiphpsoapordnance survey-based bigmap of the uk july , mapartist -> bbc radio shows lookup june , bbcmusicphpradiosoul bubbles june , gamesessential add-ons for firefox june , extensionsfirefoxchris wetherell on google reader june , feedsgooglepod-u-like 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march , amarokmusicmusicbrainzpythonsmall pieces please march , p pthe sorry state of online music march , musicvideo aggregators march , video -bit firefox on -bit ubuntu march , ubuntuwhat's on your google homepage? march , googlevisual scrapers march , automationscrapingxhtml vs html march , xhtmlfour tenets of web security march , securityone column layouts march , cssfirefox offline browsing march , firefoxpublishinglast.fm user listening data march , lastfmscientific article conversations and distributed libraries february , citationsearch-and-replace february , bashwarning: don't use hpmount february , linuxplos one february , publishingopensearchfox february , extensionfirefoxcopying bookmarks from del.icio.us to connotea february , bookmarksdel.icio.use xgreasemonkeygetting an audio file in another format from an m p on os x february , audioosxmemcached and drupal february , drupaldrupal module for solr february , drupalsearchubuntu edgy, bluetooth and sony ericsson k i 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future) february , cssnetnewswiressl certificates for apache , courier, exim and jabberd on debian february , debiansslxml-based book authoring february , softwaresubversionwordpress . february , softwarewordpresschilibot february , biomedicaldatavisualisationradio rss feeds february , bbcfeedsradiobd graphit floating (modified) style for netnewswire february , cssnetnewswiretorrentbot moved february , torrentbotsorted lists of reviews, using rvw! and del.icio.us february , deliciousreviewsflickrdesk update february , flickrsoftwaresorting del.icio.us/popular february , bookmarkletdeliciousmap interfaces february , googlemapsgre.gario.us february , deliciousdynamic openurl resolver links february , openurlpubmed tabs and amplify february , biomedicalosxpubmedsoftwaremy speediest gatherers february , deliciousgatherers of the month february , deliciousswervedriver oddities february , musicpithhelmet hubmed redirect january , hubmedpithhelmetordnance survey copyright annoyance (again) 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march , shn and flac tools march , x on os x march , acknowledgements march , latex add-ons march , latex for dummies march , latex for the modern age march , how to find (more of) what you want march , ipod whamb skin with volume march , join groups, find better music march , propa' mash-up ragga-rave dubplate bloodclot jungle tekno tour-de-force march , semantic hifi march , document handling linkdump march , /cores march , sparklines march , closed-access data from open-acces publications march , hubmed atom feeds march , power laws and purchasing priorities february , one world in march february , audioscrobbler browser update february , darkplace february , reviewskimya dawson february , netlabel catalogue february , releasing mac word . february , groupthinking, but on which side? february , the advancement of science and culture february , ranchero's big cat scripts plugin february , movable type 'edit this entry' bookmarklet february , advancemame february , zoom player 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rna january , it's called i like january , webjay.org january , nothing in return january , playlist bookmarklet update january , sente january , automatically update itunes library with daapd january , earth map desktop january , macgde january , musicplasma january , itunes music store rss generator january , mtcommentauthorlink january , m u playlists page january , artemis sequence viewer january , itunes opener january , jpegs progress january , pick of the bastard pops january , realplayer installation january , copper, prions and tse january , suprnova rss feed january , hubmed print-friendly pages january , scientific stories january , mp to m u or smil playlist january , return of the mac january , kx project and avg january , firebird tabbrowser extensions january , morality of software patches january , transmission january , pitchfork singles of january , are you feeling throaty? january , & free hosting january , largehearted boy january , what a difference a year makes 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waypath september , my.pubmed rss feeds september , musical interlude september , biotech protocols september , smokescreen september , openam.com subdomains august , armagetron tron clone august , netnewswire with webkit august , fun with xmltv august , peel sessions august , the return of openam august , bbc creative archive august , radiolaw enforcement against prohibition august , earthstation august , msn network rejigged august , tofu august , album cover artwork august , freakmachine august , human knowledge navigator august , peer review under scrutiny august , tools for handling information august , mcode august , classification of associations august , morale-o-meter august , miranda im august , prism for rdf august , who's going to pay? august , perception august , blufilter august , trillian pro . beta august , protein interaction browser august , music browser repaired august , august , jobs as rss extensions august , quick release august , test august , openam linking 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review march , spirographx march , biopedia march , the ends of the internet march , biologging part march , oral traditions in online communication march , value of music march , biologging march , spiders march , citation trackbacks march , keyboard shortcuts march , giftbox march , cnps march , allabstracts bookmarklet march , citation maps february , science citation index february , medscape headlines in rss february , iscrobbler february , open access literature part iii february , open access literature part ii february , visualisations of political polarisation february , better late than never february , andromeda/php on os x february , open access literature february , hublink february , allmusic-to-magnet-uri bookmarklet february , semantic blogging and bibliographies february , linking services february , nice titles february , endnote import filter updated february , endnotehubmedexceptions to copyright february , latent semantic indexing february , fair use february , proper p p february , taking the internet outside february , the infography february , safari cookies february , cookiessafaritoc alerts january , alertsnewsreaderpushrsszetoc evaluation january , paratools january , citationparaciteparsingintegrated comments and trackbacks january , commentstrackbackfixed touchgraph scripts january , applettouchgraphvisualisationcitation parser update january , citationparsereferencescollaboration network browser january , analogies with trackback variants january , analogiesbiomedicalliteraturenetworksself-organisingtrackbackmake a list january , collaborativelisttrackbackweblogedina join-up january , openurlcitation matcher updated for multiple references january , citationparseris citation export file suffix january , exportfileriscitation matching january , citationopcitparsehublog rss update january , hublogrsstrackback january , trackbackalternative software for community-driven literature management january , blogcommunitysitesoftwarepersonal/group publishing january , knowledgeliteraturepersonalpublishingwebimmunolog launched january , collaborativejournaljoining the dots - advances in online biomedical literature management. january , biomedicalknowledgeliteraturemanagementsafari, touchgraph update january , touchgraphsfx lookup bookmarklet january , bookmarkletsfx - - : perl scripts for organising pdfs january , acrobatperl - - : library lookup issn bookmarklet january , bookmarkletlibrarylookup - - : experimental links january , citationdoi - - : gnutella p p january , gnutellamagnetp p - - : bibtex output january , bibtexpubmed - - : endnote and ris import filters january , endnoteexportpubmed - - : related articles algorithm january , articlespubmedrelated - - : linkout urls january , fulltextlinkoutpubmed - - : pubmed javascript january , javascriptpubmed - - : hubmed online. january , perlpubmedutilitiesxml how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about theses most similar to biosynthetic engineering for the assembly of better drugs (yadav, vikramaditya ganapati; ) read it substrate analogs to investigate alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus mccoy, elizabeth an ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it development of metabolic pathways for the biosynthesis of hydroxyacids and lactones martin, collin h. (collin hunter) ( ) 	 advisor: kristala jones prather 	 department of chemical engineering read it exploiting alkaloid biosynthesis in madagascar periwinkle to obtain natural product derivatives and new biocatalysts bernhardt, pete ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it purification and substrate specificity of new c. roseus enzymes yerkes, nancy (nancy mary) ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it discovery, characterization, and rational design of the enzymes involved in monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in madagascar periwinkle giddings, lesley-ann ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it reprogramming alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus : synthetic biology in plants runguphan, weerawat ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it nature's approach toward ring formation and structural diversity in ergot alkaloid biosynthesis cheng, johnathan zandrew ( ) 	 advisor: sarah e. o'connor 	 department of chemistry read it the roles of redox active cofactors in catalysis : structural studies of iron sulfur cluster and flavin dependent enzymes goldman, peter john ( ) 	 advisor: catherine l. drennan 	 department of chemistry read it total synthesis of cyclotryptamine and diketopiperazine alkaloids kim, justi ( ) 	 advisor: mohammad movassaghi 	 department of chemistry read it metabolic engineering for the production of functionalized terpenoids in heterologous hosts edgar, steven mcbride ( ) 	 advisor: gregory stephanopoulos 	 department of chemical engineering read it 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. none fail!lab | technology, libraries and the future! 		 		 			fail!lab 			technology, libraries and the future! 		 		 			menu 			skip to content 				home 	about 		 			 			 		 		 	 		 			 			 								 					 	 		luddites, trumpism and change: a crossroads for libraries 				 			posted on december , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		“globalization is a proxy for technology-powered capitalism, which tends to reward fewer and fewer members of society.” – om malik corner someone and they will react. we may be seeing this across the world as change, globalization, technology and economic dislocation force more and more people into the corner of benefit-nots. they are reacting out of desperation. it’s not rational. it’s not pretty. but it shouldn’t be surprising. years ago at a library conference, one of the keynote speakers forecast that there would be a return to the analog (sorry my twitter-based memory does not identify the person). the rapidity of digitization would be met by a reaction. people would scurry back to the familiar, he said. they always do. fast forward to , where the decades-long trends toward globalization, borderless labor markets, denationalization, exponential technological change and corresponding social revolutions has hit the wall of public reaction. brexit. global trumpism. call it what you will. we’re in a change moment. the reaction is here. reacting to the reaction people in the blue zones, the technorati, the beneficiaries of cheap foreign labor, free trade and technological innovation are scratching their heads. for all their algorithms and ai, they didn’t see this coming. everything looked good on their feeds. no danger could possibly burst their self-assured bubble of inevitability. all was quiet. it was like a clear blue, september , morning in new york city. it was like the boardroom in the federal reserve in . the serenity was over in an instant. since brexit, and then trump’s election, the glittery digitarians have initiated a period of introspection. they’re looking up from their stock tickers and gold-plated smart watches to find a grim reality: the world is crowded with people that have lost much ground at the expense of the global maelstrom that has elevated a very small, lucky few to greatness. they are now seeing, as for the first time, the shuttered towns. the empty retail stores. the displaced and homeless. suddenly their confident talk of personal ai assistants has turned from technolust to terror. their success suddenly looks short-sighted. om malik wrote in his recent new yorker op-ed, that silicon valley may soon find itself equated with the super villains on wall street. he posits that a new business model needs to account for the public good…or else. i recently read throwing rocks at the google bus: how growth became the enemy of prosperity by douglas rushkoff. if you haven’t read it, now would be a good time. like bernie sanders and others, rushkoff has been warning of this kind of reaction for awhile. the system is not designed for the public good, but only around a narrow set of shareholder requirements. all other considerations do not compute. my reaction let me put this in personal perspective. in my work, i engage the public in “the heart of silicon valley” on what they want from their community and what’s missing. what i hear is concern about the loss of quiet, of connection to others, of a pace of life that is not / always a click away. this is consistent. people feel overwhelmed. as one of the chief technologists for my library, this puts me in a strange place. and i’ve been grappling with it for the past few months. on the one hand, people are curious. they’re happy to try the next big thing. but you also hear the frustration. meanwhile, the burden of the tech industry is more than inflated rents and traffic. there’s a very obvious divide between long-time residents and newcomers. there’s a sense that something has been lost. there’s anger too, even here in the shadow of google and facebook. the library as a philosophy the other day, i was visited by a eurpean library director who wanted to talk about vr. he asked me where i thought we’d be in ten years. i hesitated. my thoughts immediately went back to the words of despair that i’d been hearing from the public lately. of course, the genie’s out of the bottle. we can’t stop the digital era. vr interface revolutions will likely emerge. the robots will come. but we can harness this change to our benefit. we can add rules to heal it to our collective needs. this is where the library comes in. we have a sharing culture. a model that values bridging divides, pooling resources and re-distributing knowledge. it’s a model that is practically unique to the library if you think about it. as i read rushkoff, i kept coming back to the librarian’s philosophy on sharing. in his book, he contends that we need to re-imagine (re-code) our economy to work for people. he recalls technologies like http and rss which were invented and then given away to the world to share and re-use. this sounded very ‘librarian’ to me. we share knowledge in the form of access to technology, after all. we host training on new maker gear, coding, robotics, virtual reality. perhaps we need to double-down on this philosophy. perhaps, we can be more than just a bridge. maybe we can be the engine driving our communities to the other side. we can not just advocate, but do. have a hackathon? build a public alternative to the airbnb app to be used by people in your town. know the future in the end, libraires, technologists and digitarians need to tell a better story. we need to get outside our bubbles and tell that story with words that resonate with the benefit-nots. and more, we need that story to be backed up with real-world benefits. it starts with asking the community what kind of world they want to live it? what obstacles keep them from living that way? and then how the library and technology can help make change. we have the philosophy, we have the spaces and we have public permission. let’s get to work. 			 			 						 	 	 								 				posted in innovation, librarianship, society, technology, uncategorized			 			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 	 		is d printing dying? 				 			posted on october , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		inc.’s john brandon recently wrote about the slow, sad, and ultimately predictable decline of d printing. uh, not so fast. d printing is just getting started. for libraries whose adopted mission is to introduce people to emerging technologies, this is a fantastic opportunity to do so. but it has to be done right. another dead end? brandon cites a few reasons for his pessimism: 	 d printed objects are low quality and the printers are finicky 	 d printing growth is falling behind initial estimates 	people in manufacturing are not impressed 	and the costs are too high i won’t get into all that’s wrong with this analysis, as i feel like most of it is incorrect, or at the very least, a temporary problem typical of a new technology. instead, i’d like to discuss this in the library maker context. and in fact, you can apply these ideas to any tech project. how to make failure a win—no matter what libraries are quick to jump on tech. remember those qr codes that would revolutionize mobile access? did your library consider a second life branch? how about those chromebooks! inevitably, these experiments are going to fail. but that’s okay. as this blog often suggests, failure is a win when doing so teaches you something. experimenting is the first step in the process of discovery. and that’s really what all these kinds of projects need to be. in the case of a d printing project at your library, it’s important to keep this notion front and center. a d printing pilot with the goal of introducing the public to the technology can be successful if people simply try it out. that seems easy enough. but to be really successful, even this kind of basic d printing project needs to have a fair amount of up-front planning attached to it. chicago public library created a successful maker lab. their program was pretty simple: hold regular classes showing people how to use the d printers and then allow those that completed the introductory course to use the printers in open studio lab times. when i tried this out at cpl, it was quite difficult to get a spot in the class due to popularity. the grant-funded project was so successful, based on the number of attendees, that it was extended and continues to this day. as a grant-funded endeavor, cpl likely wrote out the specifics before any money was handed over. but even an internally-funded project should do this. keep the goals simple and clear so expectations on the front line match those up the chain of command. figure out what your measurements of success are before you even purchase the first printer. be realistic. always document everything. and return to that documentation throughout the project’s timeline. taking it to the next level san diego public library is an example of a maker project that went to the next level. uyen tran saw an opportunity to merge startup seminars with their maker tools at her library. she brought aspiring entrepreneurs into her library for a startup weekend event where budding innovators learned how the library could be a resource for them as they launched their companies. d printers were part of this successful program. it’s important to note that uyen already had the maker lab in place before she launched this project. and it would be risky for a library to skip the establishment of a rudimentary d printer program before trying for this more ambitious program. but it could be done if that library was well organized with solid project managers and deep roots in the target community. but that’s a tall order to fill. what’s the worst thing that could go wrong? the worst thing that could go wrong is doubling down on failure: repeating one failed project after another without changing the flawed approach behind it. i’d also add that libraries are often out ahead of the public on these technologies, so dead ends are inevitable. to address this, i would also add one more tactic to your tech projects: listening. the public has lots of concerns about a variety of things. if you ask them, they’ll tell you all about them. many of their concerns are directly related to libraries, but we can often help. we have permission to do so. people trust us. it’s a great position to be in. but we have to ask them to tell us what’s on their mind. we have to listen. and then we need to think creatively. listening and thinking outside the box was how san diego took their d printers to the next level. the long future of d printing the wright brothers first flight managed only feet in the air. a year later, they flew miles. these initial attempts looked nothing like the jet age and yet the technology of flight was born from these humble experiments. already, d printing is being adopted in multiple industries. artists are using it to prototype their designs. astronauts are using it to print parts aboard the international space station. bio-engineers are now looking at printing stem-cell structures to replace organs and bones. we’re decades away from the jet age of d printing, but this tech is here to stay. john brandon’s read is incorrect simply because he’s looking at the current state and not seeing the long-term promise. when he asks a ford engineer for his take on d printing in the assembly process, he gets a smirk. not a hotbed of innovation. what kind of reaction would he have gotten from an engineer at tesla? at apple? fundamentally, he’s approaching d printers from the wrong perspective and this is why it looks doomed. libraries should not make this mistake. the world is changing ever more quickly and the public needs us to help them navigate the new frontier. we need to do this methodically, with careful planning and a good dose of optimism. 			 	 	 								 				posted in innovation, technology			 			 						 | 			 				tagged d printing, innovation, project planning			 					 				 | 		 comments 		 			 				 					 	 		the state of the library website 				 			posted on september , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		t’was a time when the library website was an abomination. those dark days have lightened significantly. but new clouds have appeared on the horizon. darkest before the dawn in the dark ages of library websites, users suffered under ux regimes that were rigid, unhelpful and confusing. this was before responsive design became a standard in the library world. it was before search engine optimization started to creep into library meetings. it was before user experience became an actual librarian job title. we’ve come a long way since i wrote the ugly truth about library websites. most libraries have evolved beyond the old “website as pamphlet” paradigm to one that is dynamic and focused on user tasks. public libraries have deployed platforms like bibliocommons to serve responsive, task-oriented interfaces that integrate their catalogs, programming and website into a single social platform. books, digital resources, programs and even loanable equipment are all accessible via a single search. what’s more, the critical social networking aspects of library life are also embedded along the user’s path. celebrated examples of this integrated solution include the san francisco public library and chicago public library. queens is also hard at work to develop a custom solution. in the academic realm, libraries have turned to unified discovery layers like worldcat discovery and ebsco discovery service to simplify (googlize) the research process. these systems put a single-search box front and center that access resources on the shelf, but also all those electronic resources that make up the bulk of academic budgets. and while there are still many laggards, few libraries ignore these problems outright. the storm ahead while the general state of online library interfaces has improved, the unforgiving, hyperbolic curve of change continues to press forward. and libraries cannot stay put. indeed, we need to quicken our pace and prepare our organizations for ongoing recalibration as the tempo of change increases. the biggest problem for library websites, is that there is little future for the library website. that’s because people will get less and less information through web browsers. indeed, consider how often you use a web browser on your phone versus an app. developments in ai, augmented reality and virtual reality will compound that trend. if you’re like chris milk, videographer and vr evangelist, you see the writing on the wall. the modes of how we experience information are about to undergo a fundamental revolution. milk likens the current state of vr to the old black and white silent films at the dawn of motion pictures. i’d extend this line of thinking to the web page. within a decade or two, i expect people will look back on web pages as a brief, transitory medium bridging print information to linked data. and as our ai, vr and ar technologies take off, they will liberate information from the old print paradigms altogether. in short, people will interact with information in more direct ways. they will ask a computer to provide them the answer. they will virtually travel to a “space” where they can experience the information they seek. get ready to re-invent the library…again so where does the library fit into this virtualized and automated future? one possibility is that the good work to transform library data into linked data will enable us to survive this revolution. in fact, it may be our best hope. another hope is that we continue to emphasize the library as a social space for people to come together around ideas. whether its a virtual library space or a physical one, the library can be the place in both local and global communities where people meet their universal thirst for connecting with others. the modes of those ideas (books, ebooks, videos, games) will matter far less than the act of connecting. in a sense, you could define the future online library as something between an mmorpg, meetup.com and the ted conference. so, the library website is vastly improved, but we won’t have long to rest on our laurels. ready player one? put on your vr goggles. call up siri. start rethinking everything you know about the library website.     			 	 	 								 				posted in information architecture, librarianship			 			 						 | 			 				tagged internet, libraries, user experience, web design, websites			 					 				 | 		 comment 		 			 				 					 	 		virtual realty is getting real in the library 				 			posted on june , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		my library just received three samsung s devices with gear vr goggles. we put them to work right away. the first thought i had was: wow, this will change everything. my second thought was: wow, i can’t wait for apple to make a vr device! the samsung gear vr experience is grainy and fraught with limitations, but you can see the potential right away. the virtual reality is, after all, working off a smartphone. there is no high-end graphics card working under the hood. really, the goggles are just a plastic case holding the phone up to your eyes. but still, despite all this, it’s amazing. within twenty-four hours, i’d surfed beside the world’s top surfers on giant waves off hawaii, hung out with the masai in africa and shared an intimate moment with a pianist and his dog in their (new york?) apartment. it was all beautiful. we’ve been here before remember when the internet came online? if you’re old enough, you’ll recall the crude attempts to chat on digital bulletin board systems (bbs) or, much later, the publication of the first colorful (often jarringly so) html pages. it’s the hello world! moment for vr now. people are just getting started. you can tell the content currently available is just scratching the surface of potentialities for this medium. but once you try vr and consider the ways it can be used, you start to realize nothing will be the same again. the internet will disappear so said google ceo erik schmidt in . he was talking about the rise of ai, wearable tech and many other emerging technologies that will transform how we access data. for schmidt, the internet will simply fade into these technologies to the point that it will be unrecognizable. i agree. but being primarily a web librarian, i’m mostly concerned with how new technologies will translate in the library context. what will vr mean for library websites, online catalogs, ebooks, databases and the social networking aspects of libraries. so after trying out vr, i was already thinking about all this. here are some brief thoughts: 	visiting the library stacks in vr could transform the online catalog experience 	library programming could break out of the physical world (virtual speakers, virtual locations) 	vr book discussions could incorporate virtual tours of topics/locations touched on in books 	collections of vr experiences could become a new source for local collections 	vr maker spaces and tools for creatives to create vr experiences/objects year zero? still, vr makes your eyes tired. it’s not perfect. it has a long way to go. but based on my experience sharing this technology with others, it’s addictive. people love trying it. they can’t stop talking about it afterward. so, while it may be some time before the vr revolution disrupts the internet (and virtual library services with it), it sure feels imminent. 			 	 	 								 				posted in innovation, librarianship, technology			 			 						 | 			 				tagged gear vr, internet, oculus, samsung, virtual reality, vr			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 	 		w c’s css framework review 				 			posted on may , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		i’m a longtime bootstrap fan, but recently i cheated on my old framework. now i’m all excited by the w c’s new framework. like bootstrap, the w c’s framework comes with lots of nifty utilities and plug and play classes and ui features. even if you have a good cms, you’ll find many of their code libraries quite handy. and if you’re cms-deficient, this framework will save you time and headaches! why a framework? frameworks are great for saving time. you don’t have to reinvent the wheel for standard ui chunks like navigation, image positioning, responsive design, etc. all you need to do is reference the framework in your code and you can start calling the classes to make your site pop. and this is really great since not all well-meaning web teams have an eye for good design. most quality frameworks look really nice, and they get updated periodically to keep up with design trends. and coming from this well-known standards body, you can also be assured that the w c’s framework complies with all the nitty-gritty standards all websites should aspire to. things to love some of the things i fell in love with include: 	css-driven navigation menus. there’s really no good reason to rely on javascript for a responsive, interactive navigation menu. the w c agrees. 	icon support. this framework allows you to choose from three popular icon sets to bring icons right into your interface. 	image support: lots of great image styling including circular cropping, shadowing, etc. 	cards. gotta love cards in your websites and this framework has some very nice looking card designs for you to use. 	built-in colors. nuff sed. 	animations. there are plenty of other nice touches like buttons that lift off the screen, elements that drop into place and much more. i give it a big thumbs up! check it out at the w c.org.     			 	 	 								 				posted in reviews			 			 						 | 			 				tagged css, frameworks, w c, web design			 					 				 | 		 comment 		 			 				 					 	 		ai first 				 			posted on may , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		looking to the future, the next big step will be for the very concept of the “device” to fade away. over time, the computer itself—whatever its form factor—will be an intelligent assistant helping you through your day. we will move from mobile first to an ai first world. google founder’s letter, april my library recently finalized a vision document for our virtual library presence. happily, our vision was aligned with the long-term direction of technology as understood by movers and shakers like google. as i’ve written previously, the library website will disappear. but this is because the internet (as we currently understand it) will also disappear. in its place, a new mode of information retrieval and creation will move us away from the paper-based metaphor of web pages. information will be more ubiquitous. it will be more free-form, more adaptable, more contextualized, more interactive. part of this is already underway. for example, people are becoming a data set. and other apps are learning about you and changing how they work based on who you are. your personal data set contains location data, patterns in speech and movement around the world, consumer history, keywords particular to your interests, associations based on your social networks, etc. ai emerging all of this information makes it possible for emerging ai systems like siri and cortana to better serve you. soon, it will allow ai to control the flow of information based on your mood and other factors to help you be more productive. and like a good friend that knows you very, very well, ai will even be able to alert you to serendipitous events or inconveniences so that you can navigate life more happily. people’s expectations are already being set for this kind of experience. perhaps you’ve noticed yourself getting annoyed when your personal assistant just fetches a wikipedia article when you ask it something. you’re left wanting. what we want is that kernel of gold we asked about. but what we get right now, is something too general to be useful. but soon, that will all change. nascent ai will soon be able to provide exactly the piece of information that you really want rather than a generalized web page. this is what google means when they make statements like “ai first” or “the web will die.” they’re talking about a world where information is not only presented as article-like web pages, but broken down into actual kernels of information that are both discrete and yet interconnected. ai first in the library library discussions often focus on building better web pages or navigation menus or providing responsive websites. but the conversation we need to have is about pulling our data out of siloed systems and websites and making it available to all modes like ai, apps and basic data harvesters. you hear this conversation in bits and pieces. the ongoing linked data project is part of this long-term strategy. so too with next-gen opacs. but on the ground, in our local strategy meetings, we need to tie every big project we do to this emerging reality where web browsers are increasingly no longer relevant. we need to think ai first. 			 	 	 								 				posted in librarianship, society, tech industry			 			 						 | 			 				tagged artificial intelligence, google, internet, libraries, linked data			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 	 		google analytics and privacy 				 			posted on april , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		collecting web usage data through services like google analytics is a top priority for any library. but what about user privacy? most libraries (and websites for that matter) lean on google analytics to measure website usage and learn about how people access their online content. it’s a great tool. you can learn about where people are coming from (the geolocation of their ip addresses anyway), what devices, browsers and operating systems they are using. you can learn about how big their screen is. you can identify your top pages and much much more. google analytics is really indispensable for any organization with an online presence. but then there’s the privacy issue. is google analytics a privacy concern? the question is often asked, what personal information is google analytics actually collecting? and then, how does this data collection jive with our organization’s privacy policies. it turns out, as a user of google analytics, you’ve already agreed to publish a privacy document on your site outlining the why and what of your analytics program. so if you haven’t done so, you probably should if only for the sake of transparency. personally identifiable data fact is, if someone really wanted to learn about a particular person, it’s not entirely outside the realm of possibility that they could glean a limited set of personal attributes from the generally anonymized data google analytics collects. ip addresses can be loosely linked to people. if you wanted to, you could set up filters in google analytics that look at a single ip. of course, on the google side, any user that is logged into their gmail, youtube or other google account, is already being tracked and identified by google. this is a broadly underappreciated fact. and it’s a critical one when it comes to how approach the question of dealing with the privacy issue. in both the case of what your organization collects with google analytics and what all those web trackers, including google’s trackers, collect, the onus falls entirely on the user. the internet is public over the years, the internet has become a public space and users of the web should understand it as such. everything you do, is recorded and seen. companies like google, facebook, mircosoft, yahoo! and many, many others are all in the data mining business. carriers and internet service providers are also in this game. they deploy technologies in websites that identify you and then sell what your interests, shopping habits, web searches and other activities are to companies interested in selling to you. they’ve made billions on selling your data. ever done a search on google and then seen ads all over the web trying to sell you that thing you searched last week? that’s the tracking at work. only you can prevent data fires the good news is that with little effort, individuals can stop most (but not all) of the data collection. browsers like chrome and firefox have plugins like ghostery, avast and many others that will block trackers. google analytics can be stopped cold by these plugins. but it won’t solve all the problems. users also need to set up their browsers to delete cookies websites save to their browsers. and moving off of accounts provided from data mining companies “for free” like facebook accounts, gmail and google.com can also help. but you’ll never be completely anonymous. super cookies are a thing and are very difficult to stop without breaking websites. and some trackers are required in order to load content. so sometimes you need to pay with your data to play. policies for privacy conscious libraries all of this means that libraries wishing to be transparent and honest about their data collection, need to also contextualize the information in the broader data mining debate. first and foremost, we need to educate our users on what it means to go online. we need to let them know its their responsibility alone to control their own data. and we need to provide instructions on doing so. unfortunately, this isn’t an opt-in model. that’s too bad. it actually would be great if the world worked that way. but don’t expect the moneyed interests involved in data mining to allow the us congress to pass anything that cuts into their bottom line. this ain’t germany, after all. there are ways with a little javascript to create a temporary opt-in/opt-out feature to your site. this will toggle tags added by google tag manager on and off with a single click. but let’s be honest. most people will ignore it. and if they do opt-out, it will be very easy for them to overlook everytime without a much more robust opt-in/opt-out functionality baked in to your site. but for most sites and users, this is asking alot. meanwhile, it diverts attention from the real solution: users concerned about privacy need to protect themselves and not take a given websites word for it. we actually do our users a service by going with the opt-out model. this underlines the larger privacy problems on the wild wild web, which our sites are a part of. 			 	 	 								 				posted in online security & privacy, society			 			 						 | 			 				tagged data mining, google analytics, online security & privacy			 					 				 | 		 comments 		 			 				 					 	 		the l word 				 			posted on march , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		i’ve been working with my team on a vision document for what we want our future digital library platform to look like. this exercise keeps bringing us back to defining the library of the future. and that means addressing the very use of the term, ‘library.’ when i first exited my library (and information science) program, i was hired by adobe systems to work in a team of other librarians. my manager warned us against using the word ‘librarian’ among our non-librarian colleagues. i think the gist was: too much baggage there. so, we used the word ‘information specialist.’ fast forward a few years to my time in an academic environment at depaul university library and this topic came up in the context of services the library provided. faculty and students associated the library in very traditional ways: a quiet, book-filled space. but the way they used the library was changing despite the lag in their semantic understanding. the space and the virtual tools we put in place online helped users not only find and evaluate information, but also create, organize and share information. a case in point was our adoption of digital publishing tools like bepress and omeka, but also the scholar’s lab. i’m seeing a similar contradiction in the public library space. say library and people think books. walk into a public library and people do games, meetings, trainings and any number of online tasks. this disconnect between what the word ‘library’ evokes in the mind’s eye and what it means in practice is telling. we’ve got a problem with our brand. in fact, we may need a new word. taken literally, a library has  been a word for a physical collection of written materials. the library of alexandria held scrolls for example. even code developers rely on ‘libraries’ today, which are collections of materials. in every case, the emphasis is on the collection of things. now, i’m not suggesting that we move away from books. books are vessels for ideas and libraries will always be about ideas. in fact, this focus on ideas rather than any one mode for transmitting ideas is key. in today’s library’s people not only read about ideas, they meet to discuss ideas, they brainstorm ideas. i don’t pretend to have the magic word. in fact, maybe it’s taking so long for us to drop ‘library’ because there is not a good word in existence. maybe we need create a new one. one tactic that comes to mind as we navigate this terminological evolution is to retain the library, but subsume it inside of something new. i’ve seen this done to various degrees in other libraries. for example, loyola university in chicago built an entirely new building adjacent to the book-filled library. administratively, the building is run by the library, but it is called the klarchek information commons. in that rather marvelous space looking out over lake michigan, you’ll find the modern ‘library’ in all its glory. computers, collaboration booths, etc. i like this model for fixing our identity problem and i think it would work without throwing the baby out with the bathwater. however, its done, one thing is for sure. our users have moved on from ‘the library’ and are left with no accurate way to describe that place that they love to go to when they want to engage with ideas. let’s put our thinking caps on and puts a word on their lips that does justice to what the old library has become. let’s get past the l word. 			 	 	 								 				posted in librarianship			 			 						 | 			 				tagged branding, information commons			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 	 		locking down windows 				 			posted on march , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		i’ve recently moved back to windows for my desktop computing. but windows comes with enormous privacy and security issues that people need to take into account…and get under a semblance of control. here’s how i did it. there has been much written on this subject, so what i’m including here is more of a digest of what i’ve found elsewhere with perspective on how it worked out for me over time. windows tweaker this is a pretty good tool that does what windows should do out of the box: give you one-stop access to all windows’ settings. as it is, windows has spread out many settings, including those for privacy, to the settings screen as well as registry editor and group policy editor. there are dozens of look and feel tweaks, including an easy way to force windows to use the hidden dark theme. the privacy tab, however, is the single most important. there, you can easily turn of all the nasty privacy holes in windows , such as how the os sends things like keystrokes (that’s right!) back to microsoft. the list of holes it will close is long: telemetry, biometrics, advertising id, cortana, etc. cortana speaking of cortana, i was really excited that this kind of virtual assistant was embedded in windows . i looked forward to trying it out. but then i read the fine print. cortana is a privacy nightmare. she can’t be trusted. she’s a blabbermouth and repeats back everything you tell her to not just microsoft, but indirectly to all of their advertising partners. and who knows where all that data goes and how secure it is in the long run. yuck! turn her off. pull the plug. zero her out. the easiest way to disable her is to set up a local account. but there’s more info out there, including this at pc world. local account when you first install windows , unplug the ethernet and shut down wifi. then, when you’re certain that all of msft’s listeners can’t communicate with your machine, go through the installation set up process and when asked to create/log in to your microsoft account, don’t. instead, use the local account option. the down sides of going this route are that you can’t sync your experience, accounts and apps across devices. you also won’t be able to use cortana. the up sides are that using a local account means you will be far more secure and private in whatever you do with your computer (as long as you maintain the many other privacy settings). reduce risk and streamline your pc windows comes crammed with many programs you may not want. some of these may even be tracking and sharing, so if you don’t actually use it, why not lighten the load on your system and remove them. you can do this the slow way, one app at a time, or you can use the powershell nuclear option and kill them all at once. i did this and haven’t regretted it one bit. so fire away… privacy settings i won’t go into all of this. there is plenty of solid advise on reducing your exposure on other sites (like at pc world) and some lengthy youtube videos which you can easily find. but it is critical that you go into the settings panel and turn everything off at the very least. that’s my feeling. some tell you that you even need to set up ip blocks to keep your machine from reporting back to microsoft and its advertising partners. others say this is somewhat overblown, and not unique to windows, like over at lifehacker, so i’ll leave it to you to decide. conclusion it’s really too bad that operating systems have gone down this road. our pcs should be tools for us and not the other way around. imagine if everything that happened on your device stayed private. imagine if it was all encrypted and nobody could hack into your pc or microsoft’s servers or their advertisers’ databases and learn all kinds of things about you, your family, your work, your finances, your secrets. and yet, this is precisely what microsoft (and ios, android and others) did, intentionally. frankly, i think its bordering on criminal negligence, but good luck suing when your data gets exploited. better safe than sorry…that’s my take. do a little work and lock down your computer. good luck out there…   			 	 	 								 				posted in online security & privacy, technology			 			 						 | 			 				tagged microsoft, online security & privacy, security, windows			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 	 		killer apps & hacks for windows  				 			posted on march , by mryanhess		 			 		 		 		did the ux people at microsoft ever test windows ? here are some must have apps and hacks i’ve found to make life on windows quick and easy. set hotkeys for apps sometimes you just want to launch an app from your keyboard. using a method on laptopmag.com, you can do this for most any program. i use this in combination with macros like those noted below. quick switch to vpn vpn macro if you’re a smart and secure internet user, you probably already use a vpn service to encrypt the data and web requests you send over the internet (especially while on public wif-fi networks). but windows makes connecting to your vpn service a bit of a chore (i use private internet access, by the way). it’s weird because windows actually placed the connect to vpn in the communications center, but you still need to click into that, then click the vpn you want and then click connect…that’s clicks if you’re counting. i’ve tried two methods to make this at least a little easier. one caveat on all of this: if you log in with an administrator account (which i don’t because i’m concerned about security after all!), you could have your vpn client launch at start, but you’d still need to click the connect button and anytime you put the machine to sleep, it would disconnect (why they do that is beyond me). with both methods, you need to manually add a vpn account to windows built-in vpn feature. anyway, here are my two methods: macro method you can record actions as a “macro” and then save it as an executable program. you can then save the program to your desktop, start or taskbar. it’s a bit of a chore and in the end, the best you get is two-click access to your vpn connection…not the one-click you would get on a mac. if my memory serves, this method only works if you log-in with an administrator account. otherwise, you’ll be prompted for an administrator password each time…an who wants that? 	create shortcut to settings page 	add a hotkey to shortcut: 	create macro using something like jitbit that uses the new hotkey. 	save as executable 	create a shortcut to the desktop and pin to start 	optionally, change the icon to look pretty pin the communicator vpn app to your start pane. this is actually how i ended up going in the end. to do this, you need to ‘hack’ a shortcut that points to your vpn settings panel (where the connect button resides). 	on your desktop, right-click and select new > shortcut 	a shortcut wizard will open 	paste ms-settings:network-vpn into the form 	now pin the shortcut to your start and you have quick access to the connect dialog for your vpn switch between audio devices sometimes i want to jump between my speakers and my headphones and because i hate clicking and loath jumping out of windows ’s metro design into the old-school looking audio device controller, i followed the advice from the windows club. their solution uses freeware called audio switcher to assign a hotkey to different audio devices. i added audio switcher to my startup to make this a little more automated. unfortunately, because i normally work in a non-administrator account on windows , i get asked for an admin password to launch this app at startup. egads! in my case, i can now click the f (headphones) and f (speakers)  keys to switch playback devices for sound. overcoming the windows education or windows pro watermark windows embeds a horrible little windows education or windows pro watermark over the lower right corner of your desktop if you use one of those versions. there are two solutions to removing this remarkably distracting bit of text. 	use a white background to “disappear” the white text 	or, have an app sit over that space. i use musicbee (recommended by lifehacker) and set position the mini-version over that spot. 	supposedly there’s a regex trick where you delete the text but that’s a bit much work for me for such a slight annoyance. other tricks there are a couple other tricks that i’ve used to clean up windows. 	removing metro apps. this allows you to remove all the built-in apps that are there simply to confound your privacy and peddle your identity to microsoft’s advertising partners. remove them. 	removing default folders from explorer. if you’re like me and want better performance, you use a separate hard disk drive for your music, video and images and another drive (probably an ssd) for your os and programs. windows is confusing for people with this kind of set up by placing folders in the file explorer to your images, documents, etc. on your c drive. in my case, that’s not the right drive. so i used the method linked above to remove those from explorer. 			 	 	 								 				posted in technology			 			 						 | 			 				tagged life hacks, macros, vpn, windows 			 					 				 | 		leave a comment 		 			 				 					 		post navigation 	 				← older posts 		 		 	 	 	 			 			 		 		 						search 	 		search 		 		 	 subscribe 			 									enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. 						 							 							join other followers							 						 											 						 							email address:						 											 				 				 					 	 sign me up! 			 		 		recent 			 					luddites, trumpism and change: a crossroads for libraries 									 	 					is d printing dying? 									 	 					the state of the library website 									 	 					virtual realty is getting real in the library 									 	 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jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} swibcon / swib 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss main swib /map/institutions.ttl go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) . kb raw blame 		@prefix zbwext: <http://zbw.eu/namespaces/zbw-extensions/> . 		@prefix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> . 		 		wd:q zbwext:swib participants . 		 		wd:q zbwext:swib participants . 		 		wd:q zbwext:swib 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pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences ftl/libraries at master · johnmarkockerbloom/ftl · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} johnmarkockerbloom / ftl 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master ftl/data/libraries go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) kb raw blame 		# libraries data file for forward to libraries service 		# ed. by john mark ockerbloom, university of pennsylvania 		# (contact details at everybodyslibraries.com) 		# this data file released to the world as cc 		# (though appropriate attribution appreciated) 		# see docs file for documentation, cattype file for general catalog data 		# last updated - - 		# automated sweep: pick up w nigeria 		 		id olbp 		name the online books page 		country 		location catalog of online books freely readable worldwide 		baseurl https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book 		source library.upenn.edu/webbin/book|library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial|library.upenn.edu/webbin/work|library.upenn.edu/webbin/nbook 		suburl ${baseurl}/browse?type=lcsubc&key=${arg:n} 		auturl ${baseurl}/lookupname?key=${arg:n} 		titurl ${baseurl}/search?title=${arg:n}&tmode=start 		atiurl ${baseurl}/search?author=${author:sn}&amode=start&title=${title:na}&tmode=start&c=x 		forwarder https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/ftl 		default https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/ 		 		id oclc-wcdgl 		name worldcat.org 		country 		location union catalog of more than , libraries worldwide 		baseurl https://www.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id wkpd 		name wikipedia 		country suppress 		source wikipedia.org 		default https://en.wikipedia.org/ 		forwarder https://tools.wmflabs.org/ftl/cgi-bin/ftl 		 		id dpla 		name digital public library of america 		location millions of free online cultural resources from american institutions 		country 		keyurl https://dp.la/search?q=${arg} 		 		id europeana 		name europeana portal 		country 		location millions of free online cultural resources from european institutions 		baseurl https://www.europeana.eu/portal 		auturl ${baseurl}/search.html?query=who:${arg:s} 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search.html?query=${arg:nk} 		 		# id may be melbourne-specific, but it's the only oclc id for acap i know of 		id oclc-aupml 		name australian college of applied psychology 		location sydney and other australian cities 		country au 		baseurl https://unilinc-acp.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid uni_acp:acp 		scope everything 		 		# hold until checking with suggester about acceptability of results 		# id au-aias 		# name australian institute of aboriginal and torres strait islander studies 		# location canberra, act 		# country au 		# cattype sirsi 		# baseurl http://mura.aiatsis.gov.au/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		# filters snk 		 		id au-anu 		name australian national university 		location canberra, act 		country au 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://anu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id au-vbay 		name bayside library service 		location bayside, victoria 		country au 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://bayside.spydus.com/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq?entry_type=k&sorts=sql_rel_bib& 		 		id au-qbcl 		name brisbane city council library services 		location brisbane, queensland 		country au 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_au/elibcat 		baseurl https://library.brisbane.qld.gov.au 		 		id au-vcclc 		name casey-cardinia library corporation 		location casey and cardinia shire, victoria 		country au 		cattype sirsient 		lcode cclc 		baseurl https://cclc.swft.ent.sirsidynix.net.au 		 		# tried, but haven't yet managed to make this work consistently. 		# id ozsportscat 		# cattype libero 		# name catalogue of australian sport sector library collections 		# location sport-related libraries across australia 		# baseurl http://ausport.hosting.libero.com.au/libero/webopac.cls 		# country au 		 		id au-ncsu:a 		name charles sturt university 		location campuses in new south wales, victoria, and act 		country au 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://primo.csu.edu.au 		vid csu_inst: csu 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id au-vdu 		name deakin university 		location melbourne and other campuses, victoria 		country au 		cattype eds 		lcode deakin 		 		id oclc-er 		name edith cowan university 		location perth, western australia 		country au 		baseurl https://ecu.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id au-vbax 		name federation university australia 		location ballarat and other campuses, victoria 		country au 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://primoapac .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ub 		lcode ub 		loc adaptor,scope:(ballarat)% cebscolocal % cprimo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id au-vlu 		name la trobe university 		location melbourne and other campuses, victoria 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo-direct-apac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid latrobe 		scope all 		 		id au-apls 		name libraries act 		location canberra, act 		country au 		baseurl https://www.librarycatalogue.act.gov.au 		cattype spydus 		 		id au-nmqu 		name macquarie university 		location sydney, new south wales 		country au 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://multisearch.mq.edu.au 		vid mq 		lcode mq 		loc adaptor,scope:% % mq% % ,scope:% mq_voyager% % ,scope:% reserve% ,scope:% exam% ,primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-atvcm 		name melbourne library service 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		cattype spydus 		baseurl https://librarysearch.melbourne.vic.gov.au 		 		id au-vmou 		name monash university 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.lib.monash.edu 		lcode mua 		vid mon 		scope au_everything 		 		id oclc-atnmu 		name museums victoria library 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		baseurl https://trove.nla.gov.au 		keyurl ${baseurl}/result?q=nuc:vnmu+${arg} 		filters snk 		 		id au-anl 		name national library of australia 		location canberra, act 		country au 		baseurl http://catalogue.nla.gov.au 		cattype vufindrc 		filters nk 		 		id au-xnls 		name northern territory library 		location darwin, northern territory 		country au 		baseurl https://ntl.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id au-qut 		name queensland university of technology 		location brisbane and other campuses, queensland 		country au 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://qut.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid qut_inst: qut 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-rm 		name rmit university 		location melbourne, victoria, and other campuses 		country au 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://primo-direct-apac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid rmitu 		loc adaptor,scope:(rmit_subjectguides),scope:(rmipe),scope:(ereserve),scope:(rmit_architecture_slides),scope:(rmit_thirdpartyvideo),scope:(rmithistoricalimages),scope:(rmitimages),scope:(rmitu),scope:(rmit_research),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id au-srgs 		name royal geographical society of south australia 		location adelaide, south australia 		country au 		baseurl http://rgssa.slimlib.com.au: /vufind 		cattype vufind 		# we search all fields for subjects; lowercase other specialized fields 		sindex allfields 		tindex title 		aindex author 		filters nk 		 		id au-nsl 		name state library of new south wales 		location sydney, new south wales 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo-slnsw-sb.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid slnsw 		scope eea 		 		id au-qsl 		name state library of queensland 		location brisbane, queensland 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au 		vid slq 		lcode slq 		scope slq_pci_ebsco 		 		id au-ssl 		name state library of south australia 		location adelaide, south australia 		country au 		cattype encore 		baseurl https://encore.slsa.sa.gov.au/iii/encore 		 		id au-vsl 		name state library of victoria 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.slv.vic.gov.au 		vid main 		lcode slvprimo 		scope everything 		 		id au-wlb 		name state library of western australia 		location perth, western australia 		country au 		baseurl http://catalogue.slwa.wa.gov.au 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-le 		name swinburne university of technology 		location melbourne and vicinity, victoria 		country au 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl https://librarysearch.swinburne.edu.au 		vid swin 		lcode sut-alma 		loc local,scope:(sut-alma) 		 		# didn't find id for this, so using old navitas id (it's a member) 		# it seems to still put acap in th display, but return results including sibt 		id oclc-aunav 		name sydney institute of business and technology (sibt) 		location sydney, new south wales 		country au 		baseurl https://unilinc-acp.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid uni_acp:acp 		scope 		 		# if updated, also update museums victoria, which uses trove search 		id trove 		name trove 		location online and physical items across australia's libraries 		country au 		baseurl https://trove.nla.gov.au 		keyurl ${baseurl}/result?q=${arg} 		 		# this only gets local holdings (haven't figured out a loc or scope 		# code that will get both local holdings and online resources) 		id au-sua 		name university of adelaide 		location adelaide and vicinity, south australia 		country au 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://adelaide.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sua 		lcode sua 		 		id oclc-umv 		name university of melbourne 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		baseurl http://cat.lib.unimelb.edu.au 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-ln 		name university of new england (australia) 		location armidale, new south wales 		country au 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://une-edu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode une 		vid une 		scope une_search 		 		id au-susa 		name university of south australia 		location adelaide and other campuses, south australia 		country au 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://find.library.unisa.edu.au/primo-explore/search?vid=unisa&search_scope=all_resources& 		 		id oclc-ls 		name university of sydney 		location sydney, new south wales 		country au 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://sydney.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid usyd_inst:sydney 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-t z 		name university of tasmania 		location hobart and other campuses, tasmania 		country au 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id au-wu 		name university of western australia 		location perth, western australia 		country au 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://onesearch.library.uwa.edu.au 		vid uwa 		lcode uwa 		 		id au-nwu 		name university of wollongong 		location wollongong, new south wales 		country au 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-lr 		name victoria university 		location melbourne, victoria 		country au 		baseurl http://library.vu.edu.au 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-atuww 		name western sydney university 		location penrith and other campuses, new south wales 		country au 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl https://west-sydney-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid uws-alma 		lcode uws-alma 		loc adaptor,scope:(uws-alma),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-bou 		name university of botswana 		location gaborone 		country bw 		baseurl http://medupe.ub.bw 		cattype webpacpro 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-cn o 		name calgary public library 		location calgary 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://calgary.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cncar 		name chinook arch regional library system 		location south central and southwest alberta libraries 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://chinookarch.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cnedm 		name edmonton public library 		location edmonton 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://epl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id firstnations 		name first nations information connection 		location first nations library consortium based in edmonton 		province ab 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/fnic 		baseurl http://lois.ent.sirsidynix.net 		 		id oclc-cnfsp 		name fort saskatchewan public library 		location fort saskatchewan 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://fspl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-gprcl 		name grande prairie regional college 		location grande prairie and other northwestern alberta campuses 		province ab 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-cnlet 		name lethbridge public library 		location lethbridge 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://lethlib.bibliocommons.com 		 		id ca-amp 		name medicine hat public library 		location medicine hat 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://mhpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cnpar 		name parkland regional library 		location public library consortium south of edmonton 		province ab 		baseurl https://search.prl.ab.ca/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc- av 		name red deer public library 		location red deer 		province ab 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://rdpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-tracs 		name trac: the regional automation consortium 		location public libraries in northern and rural central alberta 		province ab 		baseurl http://catalogue.tracpac.ab.ca/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-uab 		name university of alberta 		location edmonton 		province ab 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-uau 		name university of calgary 		location calgary 		province ab 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://ucalgary.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cn ul 		name university of lethbridge 		location lethbridge 		province ab 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uleth.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cn o 		name wood buffalo regional library 		location fort mcmurray 		province ab 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://fmca.ent.sirsidynix.net 		 		id oclc-burpl 		name burnaby public library 		location burnaby 		province bc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://burnaby.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cncoq 		name coquitlam public library 		location coquitlam 		province bc 		baseurl http://catalog.coqlibrary.ca/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-dck 		name douglas college 		location new westminster and coquitlam 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-cnfvr 		name fraser valley regional library 		location abbotsford, chilliwack, langley, and other valley locations 		province bc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://fvrl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc- c 		name greater victoria public library 		location victoria and vicinity 		province bc 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl http://gvpl.ent.sirsidynix.net 		 		id oclc-cn ji 		name justice institute of british columbia 		location new westminster and other campuses 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-k u 		name kwantlen polytechnic university 		location surrey 		province bc 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://kwantlen.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-langc 		name langara college library 		location vancouver 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-okanu 		name okanagan college 		location kelowna 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-cnorl 		name okanagan regional library 		location okanagan valley and vicinity 		province bc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://orl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cnpgl 		name prince george public library 		location prince george 		province bc 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://catalogue.pgpl.ca 		 		id oclc-r r 		name royal roads university 		location victoria 		province bc 		baseurl https://royalroads.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		filters s 		 		# looks like sfu has its own custom search 		id oclc-sfb 		name simon fraser university 		location burnaby, surrey, and vancouver 		province bc 		baseurl http://search.lib.sfu.ca/ 		keyurl ${baseurl}?q=${arg} 		 		id ca-bsur 		name surrey libraries 		location surrey 		province bc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://surrey.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cn cf 		name thompson rivers university 		location kamloops and other campuses 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-twv 		name trinity western university 		location langley and other campuses 		province bc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc- ub 		name university of british columbia library 		location vancouver and kelowna 		province bc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://ubc.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-vt 		name university of victoria libraries 		location victoria 		province bc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uvic.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cavan 		name vancouver island regional library 		location various public libraries on vancouver island 		province bc 		baseurl http://search.virl.bc.ca/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-cn ml 		name vancouver island university 		location nanaimo and other campuses 		province bc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://viu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-vp@ 		wcrid 		name vancouver public library 		location vancouver 		province bc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://vpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-wvaml 		name west vancouver memorial library 		location west vancouver 		province bc 		baseurl http://catalogue.westvanlibrary.ca 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-wdtbr 		name border regional library 		location virden, elkhorn, and mcauley 		province mb 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://mbrl.mb.catalogue.libraries.coop/eg/opac 		filters n 		 		id oclc-uat 		name university of manitoba 		location winnipeg 		province mb 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo-pmtna .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid umb 		lcode umb 		scope umanitoba 		 		# using brandon id for this one 		id ca-mbw 		name western manitoba regional library 		location brandon and vicinity 		province mb 		baseurl http://wmrl.ipac.sirsidynix.net 		cattype ipac 		profile mbw 		 		id oclc-cnwin 		name winnipeg public library 		location winnipeg 		province mb 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://winca.ent.sirsidynix.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-cnnew 		name new brunswick public library service 		location public libraries across new brunswick 		province nb 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://nbpl.ent.sirsidynix.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-unbca 		name university of new brunswick 		location fredericton and saint john 		province nb 		baseurl https://unb.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-cnnlp 		name newfoundland and labrador public libraries 		location public libraries across the province 		province nl 		baseurl http://hip.nlpl.ca 		cattype ipac 		aindex pzauth 		tindex pallti 		 		id oclc-n@y 		wcrid 		name northwest territories public library services 		location public libraries across the nwt 		province nt 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://nwte.sirsidynix.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id ca-nsar 		name annapolis valley regional library 		location annapolis and kings counties, and west hants 		province ns 		baseurl https://avrl.catalogue.library.ns.ca 		cattype vufind 		 		id oclc-dak 		name dalhousie university 		location halifax 		province ns 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://novanet-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid dal 		lcode dal 		 		id ca-nsh 		name halifax public libraries 		location halifax and vicinity 		province ns 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://halifax.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-novan 		name novanet consortium 		location academic libraries in nova scotia 		province ns 		cattype aleph 		baseurl http://aleph .novanet.ns.ca 		tindex wti 		 		id ca-nuinac 		name nunavut arctic college 		location iqaluit and other campuses 		province nu 		baseurl http://nuvt.vtls.com/cgi-bin/nuvt/chameleon 		cattype chameleon 		 		id ca-nubnp 		name nunavut public library services 		location community libraries across the territory 		province nu 		baseurl https://catalogue.publiclibraries.nu.ca 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-cnbar 		name barrie public library 		location barrie 		province on 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.barriepubliclibrary.ca/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-cnbpl 		name burlington public library 		location burlington 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://burlington.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cef 		name carleton university 		location ottawa 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-crl.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_crl:crl_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-wdtgs 		name greater sudbury public library 		location sudbury and vicinity 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://gspl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cngup 		name guelph public library 		location guelph 		province on 		baseurl http://catalog.guelphpl.ca/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cnhml 		name hamilton public library 		location hamilton 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://hpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id ca-ohan 		name hanover public library 		location hanover 		province on 		baseurl http://koha.hanoverlibrary.ca 		cattype koha 		 		# i haven't gotten their iguana links to work, but they still have vubis 		id oclc- wp 		name kingston frontenac public library 		location kingston 		province on 		baseurl http://catalogue.kfpl.ca/kfplvw 		cattype vubis 		profile publicaccess 		 		id oclc-kplcp 		name kitchener public library 		location kitchener 		province on 		cattype encore 		baseurl https://encore.kpl.org/iii/encore_kpl 		 		id oclc-lonpl 		name london public library 		location london 		province on 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.londonpubliclibrary.ca/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-mrkpl 		name markham public library 		location markham 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://markham.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-muh 		name mcmaster university 		location hamilton 		province on 		cattype encore 		baseurl https://discovery.mcmaster.ca/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-mlsod 		name mississauga library system 		location mississauga 		province on 		cattype sirsient 		lcode mlsathome 		baseurl https://miss.ent.sirsidynix.net 		 		id oclc-cncad 		name ocad university, dh hoover library 		location toronto 		province on 		baseurl https://ocadu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype summon 		filters s 		 		id oclc-cnopl 		name oshawa public libraries 		location oshawa 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://oshlib.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cnott 		name ottawa public library 		location ottawa 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://ottawa.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-q u 		name queen's university 		location kingston 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-qu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_qu:qu_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id ca-osh 		name shelburne public library 		location shelburne 		province on 		baseurl http://shelburne.kohacatalog.com 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-cnscp 		name st. catharines public library 		location st. catharines 		province on 		baseurl http://hip.stcatharines.library.on.ca 		cattype ipac 		 		id oclc-cntho 		name st. thomas public library 		location st. thomas 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://stthomas.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cnstr 		name stratford public library 		location stratford 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://spl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-thund 		name thunder bay public library 		location thunder bay 		province on 		baseurl http://mycatalogue.tbpl.ca 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-toh 		name toronto public library 		location toronto 		province on 		baseurl http://www.torontopubliclibrary.ca/search.jsp 		cattype endeca 		sindex subject_search_interface 		tindex title_search_interface 		 		id oclc-u g 		name university of guelph 		location guelph 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-gue.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_gue:guelph 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-otz 		name university of ottawa 		location ottawa 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-uo.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_uo:uo_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-utm 		name university of toronto 		location toronto 		province on 		baseurl http://onesearch.library.utoronto.ca/ 		titurl ${baseurl}?q=onesearch/${arg:n}/title 		keyurl ${baseurl}?q=onesearch/${arg:n} 		 		id oclc-uww 		name university of waterloo 		location waterloo 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-wtl.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_wtl:wtl_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-cwi 		name university of windsor, leddy library 		location windsor 		province on 		baseurl https://ca .primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid uton_uw:uwindsor 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-cnwlu 		name waterloo public library 		location waterloo 		province on 		cattype encore 		baseurl https://encore.kpl.org/iii/encore_wpl 		 		id oclc-lsg 		name western university 		location london 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-uwo.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_uwo:uwo_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-w u 		name wilfrid laurier university 		location waterloo 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-wlu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_wlu:wlu_def 		scope laurier_guelph_waterloo 		 		id oclc-cnwpl 		name windsor public library 		location windsor 		province on 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://windsor.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-you 		name york university libraries 		location toronto 		province on 		baseurl https://ocul-yor.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid ocul_yor:yor_default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id ca-pc 		name prince edward island public library service 		location public libraries across the province 		province pe 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://catalogue.library.pe.ca/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		 		# looks like they have a custom "everything" search, keyword-only 		id oclc-b q 		name biblioth&egrave;que et archives nationales du qu&eacute;bec 		location montreal and other facilities 		province pq 		baseurl http://www.banq.qc.ca/techno/recherche/rms.html 		keyurl ${baseurl}?q=${arg}&selectrecherche=on 		 		# no overall id found; arbitarily picking outremont branch's code 		id ca-qmbo 		name bibliotheques montreal 		location public libraries in montreal 		province pq 		baseurl http://nelligan.ville.montreal.qc.ca 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-cdn 		name concordia university 		location montreal 		province pq 		baseurl http://clues.concordia.ca 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-lgg 		name mcgill university library 		location montreal 		province pq 		baseurl https://mcgill.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-cnsil 		name saskatchewan information and library services consortium 		location public libraries across the province 		province sk 		baseurl https://catalogue.sasklibraries.ca 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-lvb 		name universit&eacute; laval 		location qu&eacute;bec 		province pq 		baseurl https://ulaval.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-reb 		name university of regina 		location regina 		province sk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://casls-primo-prod.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid casls_regina 		lcode casls_regina 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-uoh 		name university of saskatchewan 		location saskatoon 		province sk 		baseurl http://sundog.usask.ca 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-cn wz 		name yukon university 		location whitehorse 		province yt 		baseurl https://yukonuniversitylibrary.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-x 		name zhengzhou university 		location zhengzhou; english search terms may give limited results 		country cn 		cattype aleph 		# subjects not well covered in english, so for them we'll do keyword search 		sindex wrd 		tindex wti 		baseurl http:// . . . : 		filters s 		 		id oclc-upx 		name university of cyprus 		location nicosia 		country cy 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id de- 		name humboldt-universit&auml;t zu berlin 		location berlin; english search terms may give limited results 		country de 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://hu-berlin.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid hub_ub 		lcode hub 		loc adaptor,scope:(hub_ub_alma),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		# we'll use the odense central library's id for this consortial opac 		id dk- 		name odense bibliotekerne 		location odense; english search terms may give limited or imprecise results 		country dk 		cattype tingdk 		baseurl https://www.odensebib.dk 		 		# this is a sirsi catalog, but forcing keyword search due to limited results 		id oclc-bnm 		name biblioteca nacional de espa&ntilde;a 		location madrid; english search terms may give limited results 		country es 		baseurl http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		keyurl ${baseurl}/x/ / / ?searchdata =${arg:nk} 		 		id addisababauniv 		name addis ababa university 		location addis ababa 		country et 		baseurl http://libcat.aau.edu.et 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-gy 		name &aring;bo akademi university 		location turku and vaasa 		country fi 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://abo.finna.fi 		filters s 		 		# going with electronic library id; might be a better id to use 		id oclc-frmar 		name aix marseille universit&eacute; 		location aix-en-provence, marseille, and vicinity 		country fr 		baseurl https://univ-amu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype summon 		 		id oclc-bdf 		name bnf: biblioth&egrave;que nationale de france 		location paris; english searches may give imprecise or limited results 		country fr 		baseurl https://catalogue.bnf.fr 		# haven't managed to get searches other than keywords working well 		keyurl ${baseurl}/rechercher.do?motrecherche=${arg} 		 		id sudoc 		name sudoc 		location french academic libraries; english searches may give limited results 		country fr 		baseurl http://www.sudoc.abes.fr 		keyurl ${baseurl}/db= . /cmd?act=srcha&ikt= &srt=rlv&trm=${arg:snk} 		auturl ${baseurl}/db= . /cmd?act=srcha&ikt= &srt=rlv&trm=${arg:snk} 		titurl ${baseurl}/db= . /cmd?act=srcha&ikt= &srt=rlv&trm=${arg:snk} 		suburl ${baseurl}/db= . /cmd?act=srcha&ikt= &srt=rlv&trm=${arg:snk} 		 		id oclc-ghknu 		name kwame nkrumah university of science and technology 		location kumasi 		country gh 		baseurl http://libcat.knust.edu.gh/? 		cattype alexandria 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ghucc 		name university of cape coast, sam jonah library 		location cape coast 		country gh 		baseurl http:// . . . : 		cattype koha 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-cpv 		name city university of hong kong 		location hong kong 		country hk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://julac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid cuh 		lcode cuh_alma 		scope my% institution 		 		id uindonesia 		name universitas indonesia library 		location depok; english searches may give limited results 		country id 		baseurl http://lib.ui.ac.id/hasilcari 		keyurl ${baseurl}?query=${arg} 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-dbx 		name dublin institute of technology 		location dublin 		country ie 		baseurl http://library.dit.ie 		cattype webpacpro 		filters n 		 		id oclc-t e 		name institute of technology tallaght 		location dublin; local access only 		country ie 		#baseurl http://ittdublin.summon.serialssolutions.com 		#cattype summon 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		authtype ip,uid 		 		id librariesireland 		name libraries ireland 		location shared catalog for ireland public libraries 		country ie 		baseurl http://librariesireland.iii.com/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-n i 		name national library of ireland 		location dublin 		country ie 		baseurl http://catalogue.nli.ie 		cattype vufind 		 		id oclc-uga 		name national university of ireland, galway 		location galway 		country ie 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.nuigalway.ie 		vid gal_vuj 		lcode gal 		scope lscop_all_data 		 		id oclc-erd 		name trinity college dublin 		location dublin 		country ie 		baseurl http://stella.catalogue.tcd.ie/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ieuol 		name university of limerick 		location limerick 		country ie 		baseurl http://ul.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype summon 		 		id southasian 		name south asian university: sau library 		location new delhi 		country in 		baseurl http://southasianuniversity.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype summon 		 		id oclc-inuok 		name university of kashmir 		location srinigar 		country in 		baseurl http://vlib.uok.edu.in: 		cattype chamo 		filters s 		 		id oclc-j u 		name national library of israel 		location jerusalem 		country il 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://merhav.nli.org.il/primo-explore/search?tab=default_tab&search_scope=local&vid=nli&lang=en_us& 		 		id oclc-fkt 		name museo galileo library 		location florence 		country it 		baseurl https://opac.museogalileo.it/imss/search?collection_data= &s= &v=l 		cattype atcult 		 		id opacsbn 		name opac sbn 		location italian academic libraries; english searches may give imprecise or limited results 		country it 		baseurl http://opac.sbn.it 		keyurl ${baseurl}/opacsbn/opaclib?saveparams=true&db=solr_iccu&select_db=solr_iccu&from= &searchform=opac/iccu/free.jsp&resultforward=opac/iccu/brief.jsp&do_cmd=search_show_cmd&struct: =ricerca.parole_tutte: = &invia=go&item: :any=${arg:snk} 		 		# not yet ready to put this up; check to see if uniroma would be better 		# id sapienza 		# name sapienza digital library 		# location rome 		# country it 		# baseurl http://sapienzadigitallibrary.uniroma .it 		# titurl ${baseurl}/search/dl_cineca_solr/advanced?query=q=title:${arg} 		# suburl ${baseurl}/search/dl_cineca_solr/advanced?query=q=descmetadata.subject:${arg} 		# auturl ${baseurl}/search/dl_cineca_solr/advanced?query=q=author:${arg} 		# keyurl ${baseurl}/search/dl_cineca_solr/advanced?query=q=descmetadata.keyword=${arg} 		# default domain 		 		id oclc-kejku 		name kenyatta university 		location nairobi 		country ke 		baseurl https://maktaba.ku.ac.ke 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-kekis 		name kisii university 		location kisii 		country ke 		baseurl http://library.kisiiuniversity.ac.ke/ 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id ubaraton 		name university of eastern africa, baraton 		location eldoret; local access only? 		country ke 		baseurl http://library.ueab.ac.ke: / 		cattype ls pac 		filters snk 		 		id unairobi 		name university of nairobi 		location nairobi 		country ke 		baseurl http://library.uonbi.ac.ke 		cattype iguana 		filters ns 		 		id oclc-natll 		name national library of latvia 		location riga 		country lv 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://primolatvija.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?vid= kiscnll_vu & 		 		id oclc-vytau 		name vytautas magnus university 		location kaunas 		cattype aleph 		baseurl https://aleph.library.lt 		# subjects not well covered in english, so for them we'll do keyword search 		sindex wrd 		aindex wau 		tindex wti 		country lt 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-i m 		name tecnol&oacute;gico de monterrey 		location monterrey 		country mx 		cattype encore 		baseurl https://biblioxplora.tec.mx/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-u n 		name university of namibia 		location windhoek and other campuses 		country na 		baseurl http://millennium.unam.na 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-nramu 		name american university of nigeria 		location yola 		country ng 		baseurl https://libcat.aun.edu.ng 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-nrunn 		name university of nigeria, nnamdi azikiwe library 		location nsukka 		country ng 		baseurl http://nal.unn.edu.ng 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		# looks like leiden now has their own bento search (keywords only) 		id nl-l u 		name leiden university libraries 		location leiden 		country nl 		baseurl https://www.library.universiteitleiden.nl 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search?q=${arg:snk} 		 		id oclc-qgj 		name utrecht university library 		location utrecht 		country nl 		baseurl https://utrechtuniversity.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		# id a bit arbitrary here (for infoserve service) 		id oclc-nz@ 		wcrid 		name te puna 		location combined catalogue of new zealand libraries 		country nz 		baseurl https://tepuna.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id bibsysoria 		name bibsys oria 		location many research libraries in norway 		country no 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://bibsys-almaprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid bibsys 		loc adaptor,scope:(bibsys_ils),scope:(sc_open_access),scope:("bibsys"),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id sargodha 		name university of sargodha, central library 		location sargodha; english search terms may give limited results 		country pk 		baseurl http://library.su.edu.pk: 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-p z 		name university of warsaw library 		location warsaw 		country pl 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-d@a 		wcrid 		name vcuqatar 		location doha 		country qa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.vcu.edu 		vid vqa 		lcode vqa 		scope vqa_everything 		default http://www.qatar.vcu.edu/library/ 		 		id oclc-su ku 		name king saud university 		location riyadh; english search terms may give limited results 		country sa 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://catalog.library.ksu.edu.sa/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		 		id oclc-sintu 		name nanyang technological university 		location singapore 		country sg 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://ntu-sp.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ntu_inst: ntu_inst 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc- f 		name national library board (onesearch) 		location various libraries and archives in singapore 		country sg 		baseurl http://search.nlb.gov.sg/search 		suburl ${baseurl}?subjectquery=${arg} 		auturl ${baseurl}?creatorquery=${arg} 		atiurl ${baseurl}?creatorquery=${author}&titlequery=${title} 		titurl ${baseurl}?titlequery=${arg} 		keyurl ${baseurl}?query=${arg} 		 		id oclc-sinus 		name national university of singapore libraries 		location singapore 		country sg 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://nus.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-sisim 		name singapore institute of management 		location singapore 		country sg 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo-direct-apac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sim 		lcode sim 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-sismu 		name singapore management university 		location singapore 		country sg 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.smu.edu.sg 		vid smu 		lcode smu 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-sgsut 		name singapore university of technology and design 		location singapore 		country sg 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://primo-direct-apac.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sutd 		loc adaptor,scope:( sutd),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		# haven't gotten this mandarin library search working yet 		# id oclc-chlas 		# name leysin american school 		# location leysin 		# country ch 		# baseurl http://leysin.mlasolutions.com/m /catalog 		# keyurl ${baseurl}/default.aspx?command=urlcommand&urlcommand=search&installation=default&query =${arg} 		 		# don't know the isil if any for swissbib 		id swissbib 		name swissbib 		location union catalog of swiss libraries; english search coverage may vary 		baseurl https://www.swissbib.ch 		cattype vufind 		default domain 		country ch 		 		id oclc-t n 		name durban university of technology 		location durban and pietermaritzburg 		country za 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://dut.summon.serialssolutions.com 		filters s 		 		id oclc-v f 		name mangosuthu university of technology 		location umlazi 		country za 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://esal.unizulu.ac.za/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id oclc-x-dollar-@ 		wcrid 		name national library of south africa 		location pretoria 		country za 		baseurl https://nlsa.on.worldcat.org/search?databaselist=&querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-og-dollar 		name nelson mandela university 		location port elizabeth 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.seals.ac.za/iii/encore_nmmu 		 		id oclc-oh-sharp 		name rhodes university 		location makhanda 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.seals.ac.za/iii/encore_ru 		 		id oclc-u h 		name university of fort hare 		location alice and other campuses 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.seals.ac.za/iii/encore_ufh 		 		id oclc-oe-dollar 		wcrid 		name university of limpopo libraries 		location turfloop and medunsa 		country za 		cattype webpacpro 		baseurl https://ultmillen.ul.ac.za/ 		filters an 		 		# using department of info science id (can't find one for univ generally) 		id oclc-sadis 		name university of south africa 		location pretoria and other campuses 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.unisa.ac.za/iii/encore 		 		# using one of the national library of sweden's identifiers for this 		id oclc-s o 		name libris 		location research libraries in sweden; english search coverage may vary 		country se 		baseurl http://libris.kb.se 		keyurl ${baseurl}/hitlist?d=libris&f=simp&spell=true&q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-stb 		name stockholms stadsbibliotek 		location stockholm; english search terms may give limited results 		country se 		baseurl https://biblioteket.stockholm.se/en/sok 		keyurl ${baseurl}?freetext=${arg} 		 		# this and rhodes may be using encore plus. look into adapting for that 		id oclc-og-sharp 		wcrid 		name university of the witwatersrand (wits) 		location johannesburg 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://sierra-eds.wits.ac.za/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-om@ 		wcrid 		name walter sisulu university 		location mthatha and other campuses 		country za 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.seals.ac.za/iii/encore_wsu 		 		id oclc-chntl 		name national library of public information 		location taichung; english search terms may give limited results 		country tw 		cattype spydus 		baseurl http://ipac.nlpi.edu.tw 		 		id oclc-tae 		name taipei public library 		location taipei 		country tw 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://webcat.tpml.edu.tw/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id tt-bws 		wcrid 		name university of the west indies 		location st. augustine and other campuses 		country tt 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://uwin-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sta 		 		id oclc-b k 		name bilkent university library 		location ankara 		country tr 		cattype sirsient 		lcode tr_tr/default 		baseurl https://librarycatalog.bilkent.edu.tr 		 		id oclc-bgz 		name bogazici university library 		location istanbul 		country tr 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://boun.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id kyambogo 		name kyambogo university 		location kampala 		country ug 		baseurl http://library.kyu.ac.ug 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ugucu 		name uganda christian university 		location mukono 		country ug 		baseurl http://catalogue.library.ucu.ac.ug 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-u a 		name abertay university 		location dundee, scotland 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://librarysearch.abertay.ac.uk 		vid uad_v 		scope all 		 		# scope parameter here was a wild guess that worked; might be a better one 		id oclc-au-sharp 		wcrid 		name anglia ruskin university 		location cambridge, chelmsford, and peterborough, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo.anglia.ac.uk 		vid ang_vu 		lcode apu 		scope all 		default http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/ 		 		id angus 		name angus libraries 		location public libraries in angus, scotland 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl https://angus.spydus.co.uk 		 		id oclc-eqf 		name bangor university 		location bangor, wales 		country uk 		vid whelf_bang_vu 		lcode whelf_bang 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://whel-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		loc adaptor,scope:( whelf_bang), whelf_bang_ebsco,primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-ukbls 		name blackburn with darwen libraries 		location blackburn, darwen, and vicinity, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://bwdlibraries.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/allenq? 		aindex cr 		 		id oclc-ukbhc 		name brighton and hove libraries 		location brighton and hove, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl http://brighton-hove.spydus.co.uk 		 		id oclc-blstp 		name british library 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://explore.bl.uk 		vid blvu 		lcode bl 		scope lscop-all 		 		id oclc-ukbcc 		name buckinghamshire county libraries 		location buckinghamshire, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://buckinghamshire.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/allenq? 		aindex cr 		 		id oclc-uklon 		name camden libraries 		location london borough of camden, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://camden.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		 		id oclc-ukcar 		name cardiff libraries 		location cardiff, wales 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wales.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk/ 		lcode en_gb/card_en 		 		id oclc-rdf 		name cardiff university and nhs wales libraries 		location cardiff and elsewhere in wales 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://whel-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid whelf_car_vu 		scope cscop_everything 		 		id oclc-ukyrk 		name city of york libraries and archives 		location york, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://cyc.sdp.sirsidynix.net.uk/ 		lcode en_gb/default 		 		id oclc-c 		name copac 		country uk 		location + academic, national and specialist libraries in the uk and ireland 		baseurl http://copac.ac.uk/search 		suburl ${baseurl}?sub=${arg} 		auturl ${baseurl}?author=${arg} 		titurl ${baseurl}?title=${arg} 		atiurl ${baseurl}?author=${author}&title=${title} 		keyurl ${baseurl}?keyword=${arg} 		 		id oclc-ukcov 		name coventry university 		location coventry, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://cov-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid cov_v 		lcode cov_v 		loc adaptor,scope:(cov) 		 		id oclc-eqk 		name cranfield university 		location bedfordshire, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://cran.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/default 		 		id oclc-ukmtu 		name de montfort university 		location leicester, england 		country uk 		cattype prismhosted 		baseurl http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/dmu 		 		id oclc-cud 		name cambridge university library 		location cambridge, england 		country uk 		# cambridge's summon seems to only cover online resources, and transitions 		# to it from physical catalog seem to work better than vice versa 		# cattype summon 		# baseurl http://cam.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype aquabrowser 		baseurl http://search.lib.cam.ac.uk 		sindex subject 		 		id oclc-cbk 		name cornwall council libraries 		location + public libraries in cornwall, england 		country uk 		cattype prismhosted 		baseurl http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/cornwall 		 		id oclc-uksus 		name east sussex libraries 		location libraries in east sussex, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl https://e-library.eastsussex.gov.uk 		 		id oclc-edj 		name edinburgh city libraries 		location edinburgh, scotland 		country uk 		baseurl https://yourlibrary.edinburgh.gov.uk/web/arena 		cattype arenacode 		 		id oclc-essex 		name essex libraries 		location essex county, england 		baseurl https://librarycatalogue.essex.gov.uk 		cattype iguana 		country uk 		 		id oclc-ukfif 		name fife library catalogue 		location public libraries in fife, scotland 		country uk 		cattype prismhosted 		baseurl http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/fife 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ukgcl 		name glasgow libraries 		location glasgow, scotland 		country uk 		baseurl http://libcat.csglasgow.org/web/arena 		cattype arenacode 		lcode 		 		id oclc-gsm 		name goldsmiths, university of london 		location london, england 		country uk 		baseurl https://librarysearch.gold.ac.uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		scope default_scope 		vid gol_vu 		 		id oclc-ukgwl 		name gwynedd libraries 		location gwynedd, wales 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wales.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/gwynedd_en 		 		id oclc-uklmb 		name lambeth libraries 		location london borough of lambeth, england 		country uk 		baseurl https://libraries.lambeth.gov.uk/web/arena 		cattype arenacode 		 		id leeds 		name leeds libraries 		location leeds, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://leeds.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/default 		 		# subject search doesn't seem to work well, so we force it to keyword search 		id oclc-leicl 		name leicester libraries 		location leicester, england 		country uk 		baseurl https://bookfinder.leicester.gov.uk/web/arena 		cattype arenacode 		suburl ${baseurl}/search?p_p_id=searchresult_war_arenaportlets&p_p_lifecycle= &p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_r_p_${lcode}_search_query=${arg} 		lcode 		 		id uk-nibal 		name libraries ni 		location public libraries in northern ireland 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://lni.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/default 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ukgrp 		name librarieswest 		location bath, bristol, somerset, and s. gloucester areas, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_gb/default 		baseurl https://www.librarieswest.org.uk 		 		id uk-ukb 		name library of birmingham 		location birmingham, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://birmingham.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		 		id oclc-uklvp 		name liverpool libraries 		location liverpool, england 		country uk 		cattype prismhosted 		baseurl http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/liverpool 		 		id oclc-l l 		name the london library 		location london, england 		country uk 		vid lon_vu 		lcode lon 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://pmt-eu.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		loc adaptor,scope:( lon),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-lnd 		name london metropolitan university 		location london, england 		country uk 		baseurl http://catalogue.londonmet.ac.uk 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-uklep 		name london school of economics and political science 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://librarysearch.lse.ac.uk 		vid lse_vu 		lcode lse 		loc adaptor,scope:( lse),primo_central_multiple_fe 		default http://www.lse.ac.uk/library/home.aspx 		 		id oclc-ukltn 		name luton libraries 		location luton 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://www.lutonlibraries.co.uk 		lcode en_gb/luton 		 		id oclc-ukman 		name manchester city libraries 		location manchester, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl http://manchester.spydus.co.uk 		 		id oclc-ukmpl 		name medway libraries 		location medway, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl https://medway.spydus.co.uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://medway.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		 		id oclc-ukmce 		name moray libraries 		location public libraries in moray, scotland 		country uk 		cattype prismhosted 		baseurl http://capitadiscovery.co.uk/moray 		 		id oclc-nlw 		name national library of wales 		location aberystwyth, wales 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://discover.library.wales 		vid whelf_nlw_vu 		lcode whelf_nlw 		scope cscop_everything 		 		id oclc-ukcst 		name newcastle libraries 		location newcastle upon tyne, england 		country uk 		baseurl https://libraries.newcastle.gov.uk 		cattype koha 		 		# get "unexpected error", but search seems to work (unlike before) 		id oclc-eun 		name newcastle university 		location newcastle upon tyne, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://libsearch.ncl.ac.uk 		vid ncl_v 		lcode ncl_v 		default http://www.ncl.ac.uk/library/ 		 		id oclc-uknfk 		name norfolk libraries 		location norfolk county, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus 		baseurl https://norfolk.spydus.co.uk 		 		id oclc-notcl 		name nottingham city and nottinghamshire county libraries 		location nottingham and vicinity, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://emlib.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/nottcity 		 		id oclc-ukpym 		name plymouth university 		location plymouth, england 		country uk 		vid ply_vu 		lcode ply 		cattype primodl-loc 		loc adaptor,scope:( ply),primo_central_multiple_fe 		baseurl http://primo.plymouth.ac.uk 		 		id oclc-reabc 		name reading borough libraries 		location reading, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://library.reading.gov.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ukred 		name redbridge libraries 		location london borough of redbridge, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://llc.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/redbridge 		 		id oclc-ukbrw 		name rochdale libraries 		location rochdale metropolitan borough, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://rochdale.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		 		id oclc-fdn 		name senate house libraries, university of london 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl http://catalogue.ulrls.lon.ac.uk 		lcode 		 		id oclc-uksla 		name sheffield libraries, archives and information 		location sheffield and vicinity, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl https://library.sheffield.gov.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		# using id for shrewsbury and telford hospital nhs trust 		id oclc-ukwdk 		name shropshire health libraries 		location hospital libraries in shrewsbury, telford, and oswestry 		cattype olib 		baseurl https://wv-shelib.olib.oclc.org 		country uk 		 		id oclc-uksou 		name southwark libraries 		location london borough of southwark, england 		country uk 		cattype spydus-config 		baseurl https://southwark.spydus.co.uk/cgi-bin/spydus.exe/enq/wpac/bibenq? 		 		id oclc-uk zn 		name staffordshire university library 		location stoke on trent and other campuses, england 		country uk 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://staffs.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-ukscs 		name stirling libraries 		location stirling and vicinity, scotland 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://scl.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/default 		filters s 		 		id oclc-ukswn 		name swansea libraries 		location swansea, wales 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wales.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/swan_en 		 		id oclc-snu 		name swansea university libraries 		location swansea, wales 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://whel-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid whelf_swa_vu 		lcode whelf_swa 		loc local,scope:( whelf_swa_alma_ds) 		 		id oclc-lun 		name university college london 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://ucl-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ucl_vu 		lcode ucl 		scope cscop_ucl 		 		id oclc-sxb 		name university of birmingham 		location birmingham, england 		country uk 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://birmingham-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=cscop_ bir_deep&vid= bir_vu & 		 		id oclc-u h 		name university of huddersfield 		location huddersfield, barnsley, and oldham, england 		country uk 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://hud.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-ukhll 		name university of hull 		location hull, england 		country uk 		baseurl http://library.hull.ac.uk 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-erl 		name university of leeds 		location leeds, england 		country uk 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://leeds.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?search_scope=my_inst_ci_not_ebsco&vid= lee_inst:vu &offset= & 		 		id oclc-ltu 		name university of leicester 		location leicester, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://librarysearch.le.ac.uk 		vid uole_vu 		lcode uole 		loc adaptor,scope:( uole_dissertations),scope:( uole_dspace),scope:( uole_calm),scope:( uole_alma),scope:( uole_exam),scope:( uole_contentdm),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-eum 		name university of manchester 		location manchester, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://man-fe.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid mu_vu 		lcode man 		loc local,scope:( man),primo_central_multiple_fe 		default http://www.library.manchester.ac.uk/ 		 		id oclc-eqo 		name university of oxford 		location oxford, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk 		vid oxvu 		lcode ox 		 		id oclc-ukgla 		name university of south wales 		location pontypridd, cardiff, and newport 		country uk 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://whel-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid whelf_usw_nui 		scope cscop_everything 		 		# a very old, tetchy primo; we'll just use a keyword search stuffeed into 		# a full uri until they update 		id oclc-esu 		name university of strathclyde 		location glasgow, scotland 		country uk 		keyurl http://suprimo.lib.strath.ac.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?fn=search&ct=search&initialsearch=true&mode=basic&tab=local&indx= &dum=true&srt=rank&vid=suvu &frbg=&tb=t&vl% freetext % =${arg:snk}&scp.scps=scope% a% metalib% % cscope% a% cla% % cscope% a% su% % cscope% a% sualma% 		 		id oclc-u x 		name university of sussex 		location brighton, england 		country uk 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://sussex-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sus_vu 		lcode sus 		loc adaptor,scope:( sus_alma),scope:( sus_epr_ds),primo_central_multiple_fe 		default http://www.sussex.ac.uk/library/ 		 		id oclc-ukual 		name university of the arts london 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://arts.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-uktbl 		name university of wales trinity saint david 		location carmarthen, wales, and other campuses 		country uk 		baseurl https://tsd-c.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-u w 		name university of warwick 		location coventry, england 		country uk 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.lib.warwick.ac.uk/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-ldp 		name university of westminster 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://library-collections-search.westminster.ac.uk 		vid wst_inst:wst_vua 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-emw 		name wellcome library 		location london, england 		country uk 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://search.wellcomelibrary.org/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-w s 		name westminster libraries 		location city of westminster, london, england 		country uk 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://trib.ent.sirsidynix.net.uk 		lcode en_gb/wcc 		 		id oclc-ukwsc 		name west sussex libraries 		location west sussex, england 		country uk 		baseurl https://arena.westsussex.gov.uk/web/arena 		cattype arenacode 		filters snk 		 		id uk-uklozsl 		name zoological society of london 		location london, england 		country uk 		baseurl http://library.zsl.org/z uk/opac/search/advancedsearch.aspx 		cattype eosweb 		 		id oclc-mwt 		name alabama a&amp;m university 		location normal 		state al 		cattype sirsient-old 		lcode default 		baseurl https://alabamam.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-amu 		name alabama state university 		location montgomery 		state al 		baseurl https://alasu.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-aubrn 		name auburn public library 		location auburn 		state al 		baseurl http://books.auburnalabama.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-aaa 		name auburn university 		location auburn 		state al 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl http://catalog.lib.auburn.edu/vufind/search/home 		sindex subject 		aindex author 		tindex title 		kindex all 		 		id oclc-al cw 		name baldwin county library cooperative 		location public libraries in baldwin county 		state al 		baseurl https://baldwin.tlcdelivers.com/ 		cattype ls pac 		filters s 		 		id oclc-mwm 		name decatur public library 		location decatur 		state al 		baseurl https://catalog.mydpl.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-hl 		name dothan houston county library system 		location dothan and vicinity 		state al 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://hlml.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-alflp 		name florence-lauderdale public library 		location florence 		state al 		baseurl http://catalog.flpl.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-mwd 		name huntsville-madison county public library 		location huntsville and vicinity 		state al 		baseurl http://catalog.hmcpl.org 		cattype koha 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-aljcl 		name jefferson county library cooperative 		location birmingham and vicinity 		state al 		baseurl http://encore.bham.lib.al.us/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-allcj 		name lewis cooper jr. memorial library 		location opelika 		state al 		baseurl http://catalog.opelika.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-amp 		name mobile public library 		location mobile 		state al 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://mobi.ent.sirsi.net 		 		# can't find a worldcat registry id for this; use my own 		id olb-montgomery 		name montgomery city-county public library 		location montgomery 		state al 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://mccp.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-mvq 		name tuscaloosa public library 		location tuscaloosa 		state al 		baseurl http://encore.tuscaloosa-library.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-tus 		name tuskegee university libraries 		location tuskegee institute 		state al 		baseurl https://tusk.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-alm 		name university of alabama libraries 		location tuscaloosa 		state al 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-abc 		name university of alabama at birmingham libraries 		location birmingham 		state al 		baseurl https://uab.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-alklc 		name consortium library: university of alaska anchorage, alaska pacific university 		location anchorage 		state ak 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uaa.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-xyv 		name alaska state court law library 		location anchorage and other branches 		state ak 		baseurl https://a .eos-intl.net/a /opac/search/advancedsearch.aspx 		cattype eosweb 		 		id oclc-amlgc 		name anchorage public library 		location anchorage 		state ak 		cattype sirsient 		lcode apl 		baseurl http://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		 		id oclc-akasl 		name alaska state library catalog 		location various libraries in southeast and south-central alaska 		state ak 		cattype sirsient 		lcode asl 		baseurl http://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		 		id oclc-x-sharp- 		wcrid 		name fairbanks north star borough public libraries 		location fairbanks and vicinity 		state ak 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/fnsb 		baseurl https://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		 		id oclc-fclib 		name first city libraries 		location ketchikan 		state ak 		baseurl http:// . . . /uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-h n 		name haines borough public library 		location haines borough 		state ak 		cattype sirsient 		lcode haines 		baseurl http://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		 		id oclc-q l 		name juneau public libraries 		location juneau 		state ak 		cattype sirsient 		lcode jpl 		baseurl http://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		 		id oclc-mslib 		name matanuska-susitna library network 		location matanuska-susitna borough 		state ak 		baseurl https://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/msln 		 		id oclc-q t 		name petersburg public library 		location petersburg 		state ak 		baseurl https://jlc-web.uaa.alaska.edu 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/petersburg 		 		id oclc-x@ 		wcrid 		name unalaska public library 		location unalaska 		state ak 		baseurl http://www.akuncl.us/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-azs 		name arizona state university libraries 		location tempe and other campuses 		state az 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://arizona-asu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid asu 		lcode asu_inst 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-o c 		name chandler public library 		location chandler 		state az 		baseurl http://chandler.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-azh 		name flagstaff city-coconino county public library 		location flagstaff 		state az 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://flag .ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-vtl 		name glendale public library 		location glendale 		state az 		baseurl http://glendale.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-msa 		name mesa public library 		location mesa 		state az 		baseurl http://cat.mesalibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-azn 		name northern arizona university, cline library 		location flagstaff 		state az 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://arizona-nau-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid nau 		lcode nau 		scope everything 		 		id oclc- pn 		name phoenix public library 		location phoenix 		state az 		baseurl http://catalog.phoenixpubliclibrary.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-azt 		name pima county public library 		location tucson and vicinity 		state az 		baseurl http://librarycatalog.pima.gov 		cattype webpacpro 		filters n 		 		id oclc-azd 		name scottsdale public library 		location scottsdale 		state az 		baseurl http://scottsdale.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-azu 		name university of arizona libraries 		location tucson 		state az 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://arizona-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ua 		lcode ua_inst 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-aje 		name bentonville public library 		location bentonville 		state ar 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://library.bentonvillear.com: / 		filters s 		 		id oclc- ak 		name central arkansas library system 		location little rock; pulaski and perry counties 		state ar 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://cals.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-faytv 		name fayetteville public library 		location fayetteville 		state ar 		baseurl http://catalog.faylib.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-fsm 		name fort smith public library 		location fort smith 		state ar 		baseurl http://catalog.fortsmithlibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-afu 		name university of arkansas 		location fayetteville 		state ar 		baseurl http://library.uark.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-aku 		name university of arkansas at little rock 		location little rock 		state ar 		lcode s 		cattype eds 		 		id oclc- jq 		name alameda county library 		location east bay communities south of oakland 		state ca 		baseurl http://encore.aclibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-jqd 		name anaheim public library 		location anaheim 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/virtual 		baseurl https://ana.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-jua 		name benecia public library 		location benecia 		state ca 		cattype ls pac-configamp 		config benecia 		baseurl https://ls pac.splashlibraries.org/ 		 		id oclc-jqf 		name berkeley public library 		location berkeley 		state ca 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl https://catalog.berkeleypubliclibrary.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-jqi 		name butte county library 		location butte county 		state ca 		cattype koha 		baseurl http://butte.bywatersolutions.com/ 		 		id oclc-cct 		name california lutheran university 		location thousand oaks 		state ca 		baseurl https://callutheran.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-cps 		name california polytechnic state university 		location san luis obispo 		state ca 		baseurl https://cpslo-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid cals_psu 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-csh 		name california state university, east bay 		location hayward and concord 		state ca 		baseurl http://xerxes.calstate.edu/eastbay/combined 		cattype xerxes 		filters s 		 		id oclc-cfs 		name california state university, fresno (fresno state) 		location fresno 		state ca 		baseurl https://xerxes.calstate.edu/fresno/books 		cattype xerxes 		 		id oclc-cno 		name california state university, northridge (csun) 		location northridge 		state ca 		baseurl http://library.calstate.edu/northridge/articles 		cattype xerxes 		filters s 		 		id oclc-csa 		name california state university, sacramento (sacramento state) 		location sacramento 		state ca 		cattype primodl 		baseurl https://csus-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid cals_usl 		lcode cals_usl 		 		# seems to be possibly custom catalog now 		id oclc-cit 		name caltech library, california institute of technology 		location pasadena 		state ca 		baseurl https://www.library.caltech.edu/eds?catalog=eds 		suburl ${baseurl}&searchfield=su&query=${arg} 		auturl ${baseurl}&searchfield=au&query=${arg} 		titurl ${baseurl}&searchfield=ti&query=${arg} 		keyurl ${baseurl}&query=${arg} 		 		id oclc-cvl 		name chula vista public library 		location chula vista 		state ca 		cattype encorekey 		baseurl http://encore.chulavistaca.gov/iii/encore 		skin def 		 		id oclc-ccs 		name city college of san francisco 		location san francisco 		state ca 		baseurl http://diego.ccsf.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-hdc 		name claremont colleges library 		location claremont 		state ca 		baseurl https://ccl.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-jqj 		name contra costa library 		location contra costa county 		state ca 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://catalog.ccclib.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-jq 		name county of los angeles public library 		location most of los angeles county outside the city of los angeles 		state ca 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl https://catalog.colapl.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id oclc-ccj 		name cypress college 		location cypress 		state ca 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://cyclib.nocccd.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-dac 		name de anza college 		location cupertino 		state ca 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://caccl-deanza.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid caccl_deanza:deanza 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-jtk 		name dixon public library 		location dixon 		state ca 		cattype ls pac-configamp 		config dixon 		baseurl https://ls pac.splashlibraries.org/ 		 		id oclc-jqo 		name el centro public library 		location el centro 		state ca 		baseurl https://elcentro.polarislibrary.com 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-jqr 		name fresno county public library 		location fresno and vicinity 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/fhq 		baseurl https://sjvls.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-cgn 		name glendale community college 		location glendale 		state ca 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://genesis.glendale.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-cgw 		name golden west college 		location huntington beach 		state ca 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-hn-sharp 		wcrid 		name holy names university 		location oakland 		state ca 		baseurl https://hnulibrary.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-ehu 		name humboldt county public library 		location eureka and vicinity 		state ca 		baseurl http://libcat.co.humboldt.ca.us 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-chu 		name humboldt state university 		location arcata 		state ca 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://humboldt-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope= cals&vid= cals_hul& 		 		id oclc-ivx 		name imperial valley college 		location imperial 		state ca 		baseurl https://imperial.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-klc 		name kern county library 		location bakersfield and vicinity 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/kehq 		baseurl https://sjvls.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id linkplus 		name link+ union catalog 		location cooperating libraries in california and nevada 		state ca 		baseurl http://csul.iii.com 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-lod 		name lodi public library 		location lodi 		state ca 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://lodicat.stockton.lib.ca.us/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id oclc-clb 		name long beach public library 		location long beach 		state ca 		baseurl http://encore.lbpl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		filters s 		 		id oclc- lp 		name los angeles public library 		location los angeles 		state ca 		baseurl http://ls pac.lapl.org/ 		cattype ls pac 		filters s 		 		id oclc-lml 		name loyola marymount university 		location los angeles 		state ca 		cattype eds 		lcode loyola 		 		# record duplicated for sausalito 		id oclc-marin 		name marinet 		location public libraries in marin county 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://marinet.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-jrd 		name monterey public library 		location monterey 		state ca 		baseurl http://www.montereylibrary.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-mvp 		name mountain view public library 		location mountain view 		state ca 		baseurl http://encore.mountainview.gov/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-jri 		name napa county library 		location napa county 		state ca 		baseurl http://napa.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cnb 		name newport beach public library 		location newport beach 		state ca 		baseurl http://millennium.newport.lib.ca.us 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc- jr 		name oakland public library 		location oakland 		state ca 		baseurl http://encore.oaklandlibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-capub 		name oc public libraries 		location orange county 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://catalog.ocpl.org/ 		 		id oclc-cco 		name occidental college 		location los angeles 		state ca 		baseurl http://oasys.lib.oxy.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-pak 		name pacific grove public library 		location pacific grove 		state ca 		baseurl http://catalog.pacificgrovelibrary.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-cpu 		name pacific union college 		location angwin 		state ca 		baseurl https://catalog.puc.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-pap 		name palo alto city library 		location palo alto 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://paloalto.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-cpp 		name pasadena public library 		location pasadena 		state ca 		baseurl http://pasadena.iii.com/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-czp 		name peninsula library system 		location san mateo county 		state ca 		baseurl http://catalog.plsinfo.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-rrt 		name riverside county library system 		location riverside county outside of riverside 		state ca 		baseurl http://inland.librarycatalog.info/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-crp 		name riverside public library 		location riverside 		state ca 		baseurl http://read.riversideca.gov 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-rsv 		name roseville public library 		location roseville 		state ca 		baseurl https://library.roseville.ca.us 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-jrs 		name sacramento public library 		location sacramento and vicinity 		state ca 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://catalog.saclibrary.org/union/search 		 		id oclc-gh 		name saint mary's college of california 		location moraga 		state ca 		baseurl http://albert.stmarys-ca.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-spu 		name salinas public library 		location salinas 		state ca 		baseurl https://salinas.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc- jt 		name san diego public library 		location san diego 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://sandiego.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-sdg 		name san diego county library 		location san diego county outside the city of san diego 		state ca 		baseurl http://encore.sdcl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		# they have their custom bento which is now keyword only 		id oclc-cds 		name san diego state university 		location san diego 		state ca 		baseurl https://library.sdsu.edu 		keyurl ${baseurl}/bento.php?query=${arg:snk}&lsearch= 		 		id oclc-sfr 		name san francisco public library 		location san francisco 		state ca 		baseurl http://sflib .sfpl.org 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-sjp 		name san jose public library 		location san jose 		state ca 		baseurl http://discover.sjlibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc- cs 		name san jose state university 		location san jose 		state ca 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://sjsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid cals_sjo 		lcode cals_sjo 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-jtw 		name san leandro public library 		location san leandro 		state ca 		baseurl https://sanle.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-jrz 		name santa clara city library 		location santa clara 		state ca 		baseurl http://libsearch.santaclaraca.gov/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-jry 		name santa clara county library district 		location parts of santa clara county 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://sccl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-smx 		name santa monica college library 		location santa monica 		state ca 		baseurl http://sirsi.smc.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-smp 		name santa monica public library 		location santa monica 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://smpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		# duplicate of marinet record 		id oclc-jru 		name sausalito public library 		location sausalito; member of marinet 		state ca 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://marinet.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-jtd 		name solano county library 		location solano county 		state ca 		cattype ls pac-configamp 		config solano 		baseurl http://ls pac.splashlibraries.org/ 		 		id oclc-jth 		name sonoma county library 		location santa rosa and vicinity 		state ca 		baseurl http://find.sonomalibrary.org 		cattype sirsient 		 		id oclc-cso 		name sonoma state university library 		location rohnert park 		state ca 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://sonoma-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?institution= cals_sol&search_scope=everything&vid= cals_sol& 		 		id oclc-jtj 		name st. helena public library 		location st. helena 		state ca 		cattype ls pac-configamp 		config stheln 		baseurl http://ls pac.splashlibraries.org/ 		 		id oclc-stf 		name stanford university libraries 		location stanford 		state ca 		baseurl http://searchworks.stanford.edu 		cattype blacklight 		aindex search_author 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-cfl 		name stanislaus county library 		location modesto and vicinity 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://stan.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-sxp 		name sunnyvale public library 		location sunnyvale 		state ca 		baseurl http://catalog.sunnyvalelibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-tcb 		name tulare county library 		location visalia and vicinity 		state ca 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/tchq 		baseurl https://sjvls.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-clu 		name ucla: university of california los angeles 		location los angeles 		state ca 		baseurl https://ucla.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-cus 		name ucsd: university of california san diego 		location la jolla 		state ca 		baseurl http://roger.ucsd.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-rqe 		name university of california berkeley 		location berkeley 		state ca 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-cuv 		name university of california davis 		location davis 		state ca 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid o ucd_v 		baseurl http://search.library.ucdavis.edu 		lcode ucd 		loc adaptor,scope:(" ucd"),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-cui 		name university of california irvine 		location irvine 		state ca 		baseurl https://uci.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid cdl_irv_inst:uci 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-fshhh 		name university of california libraries 		location all uc campuses 		state ca 		baseurl https://melvyl.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		# ucr now features a custom bento search (seems to be general keyword only) 		id oclc-cru 		name university of california riverside 		location riverside 		state ca 		baseurl https://library.ucr.edu/onesearch 		keyurl ${baseurl}/${arg} 		 		id oclc-cut 		name university of california santa barbara 		location santa barbara 		state ca 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://ucsb-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ucsb 		lcode ucsb_inst 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-csl 		name usc: university of southern california 		location los angeles 		state ca 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://usc.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cwc 		name whittier college 		location whittier 		state ca 		baseurl https://library.whittier.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-yol 		name yolo county library 		location yolo county 		state ca 		baseurl http://web-iii.yolocounty.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-co 		name arapahoe libraries 		location arapahoe county 		state co 		baseurl https://arapahoelibraries.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-eb-dollar 		wcrid 		name bemis public library 		location littleton 		state co 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://bemis.marmot.org/union/search 		 		id oclc-co 		name boulder public library 		location boulder 		state co 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://boulder.flatironslibrary.org/union/search 		 		id prospector 		name colorado alliance of research libraries: prospector 		location various libraries in or near colorado 		state co 		baseurl http://prospector.coalliance.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-cof 		name colorado state university 		location fort collins 		state co 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://colostate.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid colsu_inst: colsu 		scope mycampus_fc_ci_pu_p 		 		id oclc-dpl 		name denver public library 		location denver 		state co 		baseurl http://catalog.denverlibrary.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-dad 		name douglas county libraries 		location douglas county 		state co 		baseurl https://dcl.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-qq 		name jefferson county public library 		location jefferson county 		state co 		baseurl https://jeffcolibrary.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-cnl 		name longmont public library 		location longmont 		state co 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://longmont.flatironslibrary.org/union/search 		 		id oclc-cqu 		name pikes peak library district 		location colorado springs, and el paso county 		state co 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/ppld 		baseurl https://pikp.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc- x-sharp 		wcrid 		name poudre river public library district 		location fort collins 		state co 		baseurl http://discover.poudrelibraries.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-hfy 		name summit county library 		location frisco, silverthorne, and breckenridge 		state co 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://summit.marmot.org/union/search 		 		# https://usafa.insigniails.com/library/searchresult?l=all&t=keywords&k=horse&ck=&action=simple&p= &ps= &st=t titles&ifs= &c=c&oldsearchtype=keywords 		# https://usafa.insigniails.com/library/searchresult?l_input=all% libraries&l=all&t_input=subject&t=subjects&k=horses&ck_input=horse&ck=&action=simple&p= &ps= &st=t titles&ifs= &c=c&oldsearchtype=subjects 		id oclc-coh 		name united states air force academy 		location colorado springs 		state co 		baseurl https://usafa.insigniails.com/library/searchresult 		cattype insignia 		 		id oclc-cod 		name university of colorado boulder 		location boulder 		state co 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-bpt 		name bridgeport library 		location bridgeport 		state ct 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://bridgeport.biblio.org/eg/opac 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ctb 		name central connecticut state university 		location new britain 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://cscu-ccsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode ccsu 		vid ccsu_v 		scope ccsu 		 		id oclc-ctl 		name connecticut college 		location new london 		state ct 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		# todo: southern, and western ct state universities 		id oclc-czl 		name connecticut state library 		location hartford and other locations 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://cscu-csl-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		scope csl_alma 		vid csl_v 		 		id oclc-gpt 		name cyrenius h. booth library 		location newtown 		state ct 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://booth.biblio.org/eg/opac 		lcode 		 		id oclc-gkv 		name danbury library 		location danbury 		state ct 		baseurl http://cat.danburylibrary.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-gkx 		name darien library 		location darien 		state ct 		baseurl https://www.darienlibrary.org/catalog 		cattype sopacnewer 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-ctw 		name eastern connecticut state university 		location willimantic 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://cscu-ecsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode cscu_ecsu 		vid ecsu_v 		scope ecsu 		 		id oclc-ths 		name edsel ford memorial library, hotchkiss school 		location lakeville 		state ct 		baseurl https://bearcat.hotchkiss.org 		cattype koha 		filters n 		 		id oclc-fem 		name the ferguson library 		location stamford 		state ct 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://catalogfergusonlibrary.iii.com/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-grn 		name greenwich library 		location greenwich 		state ct 		baseurl https://greenwichlibrary.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-hpj 		name hartford public library 		location hartford 		state ct 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://hplct.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-ctcke 		name library connection inc. 		location greater hartford suburban libraries 		state ct 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://lci-mt.iii.com/iii/encore 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-nhp 		name new haven free public library 		location new haven 		state ct 		baseurl http://encore.nhfpl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-nwk 		name norwalk public library system 		location norwalk 		state ct 		baseurl http://catalog.norwalklib.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-gta 		name quinnipiac university 		location hamden 		state ct 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://quinnipiac.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-gwb 		name silas bronson library 		location waterbury 		state ct 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://silas.biblio.org/eg/opac 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ctn 		name southern connecticut state university 		location new haven 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://cscu-scsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode scsu 		vid scsu_v 		scope scsu 		 		id oclc-tyc 		name trinity college 		location hartford 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://trincoll-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ctwtc 		lcode ctw_tc 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-cga 		name united states coast guard academy 		location new london 		state ct 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uscga.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-ucw 		name university of connecticut 		location storrs and other campuses 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://primo-pmtna .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid uct 		lcode uct 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-wlu 		name wesleyan university 		location middletown 		state ct 		cattype primodl 		baseurl https://wesleyan-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode ctw_wu 		vid ctwwu 		 		id oclc-yrr 		name western connecticut state university 		location danbury 		state ct 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://cscu-wcsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode cscu-wcsu 		vid wcsu_v 		scope wcsu 		 		id oclc-wes 		name westport library 		location westport 		state ct 		baseurl http://catalog.westportlibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-yus 		name yale university 		location new haven 		state ct 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://orbis.library.yale.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-dwa 		name delaware library catalog 		location public libraries statewide 		state de 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://dlc.lib.de.us 		 		id oclc-drc 		name delaware state university 		location dover 		state de 		baseurl https://desu.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-no 		name university of delaware library 		location newark 		state de 		baseurl https://delcat.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-wmg 		name wilmington university library 		location new castle 		state de 		baseurl https://wilmu.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-eau 		name american university 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-amu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_amu:prod 		scope dn_and_ci 		 		id oclc- cu 		name catholic university of america 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-cu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_caa: wrlc_caa 		scope dn_and_ci 		 		id oclc-daw 		name dc public library 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://catalog.dclibrary.org 		lcode en_us/dcpl 		 		id oclc-gqg 		name gallaudet university 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-gal.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_gal: wrlc_gal 		scope gallaudet_and_articles 		 		id oclc-dgw 		name george washington university 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-gwu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_gwa:live 		scope dn_and_ci 		 		id oclc-dgu 		name georgetown university 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-gu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_guniv: wrlc_guniv 		scope dn_and_ci 		 		id oclc-dhu 		name howard university 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-hu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_how:wkbkconfig 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc- dl 		name library of congress 		location washington 		state dc 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-smi 		name smithsonian libraries 		location washington and other locations 		state dc 		baseurl http://siris-libraries.si.edu 		cattype ipac 		profile liball 		aindex pauth 		tindex allttlp 		kindex gw 		 		id oclc-fmg 		name alachua county library district 		location gainesville and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.aclib.us 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc- db 		name bethune-cookman university 		location daytona beach 		state fl 		baseurl https://bethune.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-fmb 		name brevard county libraries 		location space coast area 		state fl 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://discover.mylibraryworld.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-fbr 		name broward county library 		location fort lauderdale and vicinity 		state fl 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://vc.browardlibrary.org/ 		 		id oclc-fno 		name collier county public library 		location naples and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.collier-lib.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-fmp 		name columbia county public library 		location lake city 		state fl 		baseurl https://ccpl.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-fje 		name edward waters college 		location jacksonville 		state fl 		baseurl https://edwardwaterscollegelibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-gf 		name flagler county public library system 		location palm coast and bunnell 		state fl 		baseurl http://polaris.flaglercounty.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-fcm 		name florida a&amp;m university 		location tallahassee 		state fl 		baseurl http://famu.catalog.fcla.edu/am.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-fga 		name florida gulf coast university 		location fort myers 		state fl 		baseurl http://fgcu.catalog.fcla.edu/gc.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-fmc 		name florida memorial university 		location miami gardens 		state fl 		baseurl https://floridamemorialuniversity.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-fda 		name florida state university 		location tallahassee and other campuses 		state fl 		baseurl http://fsu.catalog.fcla.edu/fs.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-f h 		name heartland library cooperative 		location highlands, desoto, glades, hardee, and okechobee counties 		state fl 		baseurl https://heartland.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-tnh 		name hillsborough county public library cooperative 		location tampa and vicinity 		state fl 		cattype polaris 		baseurl http://catalog.hcplc.org/polaris 		 		id oclc-fn 		name indian river county library system 		location vero beach and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.irclibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-jpl 		name jacksonville public library 		location jacksonville 		state fl 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://jkpl.ent.sirsi.net/ 		 		id oclc-fn 		name lake county library system 		location lake county 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.mylakelibrary.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-ffl 		name lee county library system 		location fort myers and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl https://libpac.leegov.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ftl 		name leroy collins leon county public library 		location tallahassee 		state fl 		baseurl https://lcpl.ent.sirsi.net/ 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/lcpl 		 		id oclc-flj 		name marion county public library system 		location ocala and vicinity 		state fl 		cattype eds 		lcode ns 		 		id oclc-fym 		name miami dade college 		location miami and other campuses 		state fl 		baseurl https://union.discover.flvc.org/md.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-dzm 		name miami-dade public library system 		location miami 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.mdpls.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-n-dollar-s 		name nassau county public library system 		location nassau county 		state fl 		baseurl https://sirsi.nassau.lib.fl.us/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-orl 		name orange county library system 		location orlando and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://iii.ocls.info 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-fwp 		name palm beach county library system 		location west palm beach and vicinity 		state fl 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/pbcls 		baseurl https://pbcls.ent.sirsi.net/ 		 		id oclc-fly 		name pasco county libraries 		location pasco county 		state fl 		baseurl http://pasco.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		# here temporarily (but suppressed in list) for back-compatibility (feb ) 		# expecting pinellas co. users to shift over to oclc-pi 		id oclc-flx 		name pinellas automated library system 		location clearwater, st. petersburg and pinellas county 		country suppress 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://pplc.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-pi 		name pinellas public library cooperative 		location clearwater, st. petersburg and pinellas county 		state fl 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://pplc.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-fsa 		name saint leo university 		location saint leo 		state fl 		baseurl https://saintleo.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-fsp 		name sarasota county libraries 		location sarasota and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://suncat.co.sarasota.fl.us 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-fcs 		name seminole county public library 		location seminole county 		state fl 		baseurl https://semc.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-fss 		name seminole state college of florida 		location sanford and other campuses 		state fl 		baseurl https://union.discover.flvc.org/sc.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-fyq 		name southeastern university 		location lakeland 		state fl 		baseurl https://seu.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-flr 		name st. lucie county library system 		location st. lucie county 		state fl 		baseurl https://stlu.ent.sirsi.net/ 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		 		# don't see an id for this new system, so using id for the main live oak lib 		id oclc-flk 		name suwanee river regional library system 		location suwanee, hamilton, and madison counties 		state fl 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://suw.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-ftu 		name university of central florida: ucf libraries 		location orlando and other campuses 		state fl 		cattype eds 		lcode current 		 		id oclc-fug 		name university of florida, george a. smathers libraries 		location gainesville 		state fl 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-fnm 		name university of miami libraries 		location coral gables 		state fl 		baseurl http://miami-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid uml 		lcode uoml 		loc adaptor,scope:( uoml_digitalcommons),scope:( uoml_contentdm),scope:(" uoml"),scope:( uoml_alma),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-fnp 		name university of north florida 		location jacksonville 		state fl 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		gid main 		profile unflib 		 		id oclc- fh 		name university of south florida 		location tampa 		state fl 		baseurl http://usf.catalog.fcla.edu/sf.jsp 		cattype fcla 		 		id oclc-fwa 		name university of west florida 		location pensacola 		state fl 		cattype eds 		lcode uwfl 		 		id oclc-fdb 		name volusia county public library 		location daytona beach, deltona, and vicinity 		state fl 		baseurl http://catalog.volusialibrary.org/vcplvw 		cattype vubislink 		aindex *authbibnew 		sindex *subjbibnew 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-fmf 		name west florida public libraries 		location pensacola and escambia county 		state fl 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://searchcatalog.mywfpl.com: / 		filters s 		 		id oclc-alq 		name albany state university 		location albany 		state ga 		baseurl https://galileo-usg-asu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl 		vid asu_v 		 		id oclc-gra 		name athens-clarke county library 		location athens 		state ga 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://gapines.org/eg/opac 		lcode 		 		id oclc-afpls 		name atlanta-fulton public library system 		location atlanta and vicinity 		state ga 		cattype sirsient-old 		baseurl https://afpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-auu 		name atlanta university center 		location clark atlanta, interdenominational theological center, morehouse, spelman 		state ga 		baseurl https://auctr.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-gbt 		name brenau university 		location gainesville 		state ga 		baseurl https://brenau.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-gcv 		name chattahoochee valley libraries 		location columbus and vicinity 		state ga 		baseurl http://chattahoochee.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-gdk 		name dekalb county public library 		location dekalb county 		state ga 		baseurl http://dekalb.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-emu 		name emory university libraries 		location atlanta 		state ga 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://discovere.emory.edu 		vid discovere 		lcode emory 		 		id oclc-trg 		name fort benning libraries 		location fort benning 		state ga 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl https://mwrlibrary.armybiznet.com 		lcode 		 		id oclc-gfv 		name fort valley state university 		location fort valley 		state ga 		baseurl https://galileo-usg-fvsu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid fvsu_v 		scope fvsu 		 		id oclc-gsgsl 		name georgia public library service, pines catalog 		location public libraries throughout the state 		state ga 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://gapines.org/eg/opac 		 		id oclc-gpm 		name georgia southern university 		location statesboro and savannah 		state ga 		cattype eds 		lcode gso 		 		id oclc-gsu 		name georgia state university 		location atlanta 		state ga 		cattype eds 		lcode gsu 		 		id oclc-gat 		name georgia tech library 		location atlanta 		state ga 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://gatech-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid gali_git 		lcode gali_git 		scope everything 		default http://www.library.gatech.edu/ 		 		id oclc-zgx 		name gwinnett county public library 		location gwinnett county 		state ga 		baseurl http://gwinnett.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-gsc 		name live oak public libraries 		location savannah; chatham, effingham and liberty counties 		state ga 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://gapines.org/eg/opac 		lcode lopl 		 		id oclc-gou 		name oglethorpe university 		location atlanta 		state ga 		baseurl https://oglethorpe.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-gss 		name savannah state university 		location savannah 		state ga 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://galileo-usg-ssu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ssu_v 		scope ssu 		 		id oclc-gua 		name university of georgia 		location athens 		state ga 		cattype eds 		lcode uga 		 		id oclc-gwc 		name university of west georgia 		location carrollton 		state ga 		cattype eds 		lcode wgc 		 		# using the id for hawaii state library as surrogate for whole system 		id oclc-hispl 		name hawaii state public library system 		location public libraries throughout the state 		state hi 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://hawaii.sdp.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-huh 		name university of hawaii at manoa 		location honolulu 		state hi 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://uhawaii-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ouz 		lcode ouz 		scope ouz_all 		default http://manoa.hawaii.edu/libraries/ 		 		id oclc-blfpl 		name blackfoot public library 		location blackfoot 		state id 		cattype destinyhosted 		baseurl https://blackfootlibrary.follettdestiny.com 		lcode 		context saas _ 		 		id oclc- oe 		name boise public library 		location boise 		state id 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://catalog.idaho-lynx.org/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-oip 		name boise state university, albertsons library 		location boise 		state id 		baseurl https://boisestate.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-zvr 		name coeur d'alene public library 		location coeur d'alene 		state id 		baseurl http://catalog.cin.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-zwm 		name cooperative information network 		location public and school libraries in northern idaho and vicinity 		state id 		baseurl http://catalog.cin.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-i f 		name idaho falls public library 		location idaho falls 		state id 		baseurl http://catalog.ifpl.org 		cattype ipac 		profile ifl 		 		id oclc-onb 		name idaho state university 		location pocatello 		state id 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-q j 		name marshall public library 		location pocatello 		state id 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://lcei.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-zpj 		name meridian library district 		location meridian 		state id 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://catalog.idaho-lynx.org/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-zpp 		name nampa public library 		location nampa 		state id 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://catalog.idaho-lynx.org/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-y-sharp- 		name twin falls public library 		location twin falls 		state id 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://catalog.idaho-lynx.org/polaris 		context 		 		id oclc-ntd 		name university of idaho library 		location moscow, and other campuses 		state id 		baseurl https://uidaho.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-jbl 		name arlington heights memorial library 		location arlington heights 		state il 		baseurl https://www.ahml.info/catalog/search/keyword? 		cattype sopacindexes 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-ilapl 		name aurora public library 		location aurora 		state il 		baseurl http://cat.aurorapubliclibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-joz 		name bloomingdale public library 		location bloomingdale 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/bdd 		baseurl https://catalog.swanlibraries.net 		 		id oclc-jch 		name bloomington public library 		location bloomington 		state il 		baseurl https://bplcatalog.bloomingtonlibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ikg 		name champaign public library and urbana free library 		location champaign-urbana 		state il 		baseurl https://cucatalog.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cgp 		name chicago public library 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl https://chipublib.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-jax 		name chicago school of professional psychology 		location chicago and other campuses 		state il 		baseurl https://thechicagoschool-chi.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-iaa 		name chicago state university 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl https://i-share.carli.illinois.edu/csu/cgi-bin/pwebrecon.cgi 		cattype voyager 		 		id oclc-codup 		name college of dupage 		location glen ellyn 		state il 		baseurl https://cod.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-jed 		name cooperative computer services 		location libraries in northwestern chicago suburbs 		state il 		baseurl https://ccs.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-iac 		name depaul university 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl https://depaul.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-jy 		name dixon public library 		location dixon 		state il 		cattype ls pac-config 		config dpl 		baseurl https://rockriver.tlcdelivers.com: / 		 		id oclc-ibe 		name dominican university, rebecca crown library 		location river forest 		state il 		baseurl http://vufind.carli.illinois.edu/vf-dom 		cattype vufindrc 		 		id oclc-ihe 		name evanston public library 		location evanston 		state il 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl https://ccs.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-lqc 		name illinois heartland library system (share) 		location libraries in southern illinois 		state il 		baseurl https://search.illinoisheartland.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-jag 		name indian trails library district 		location buffalo grove, wheeling, prospect heights, and vicinity 		state il 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl https://ccs.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-jsu 		name itasca community library 		location itasca 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/itd 		baseurl https://catalog.swanlibraries.net 		 		id oclc-ap 		name joliet junior college 		location joliet 		state il 		cattype eds 		lcode joliet 		 		id oclc-on 		name joliet public library, main library 		location joliet 		state il 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://pinnacle.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-ilm 		name lincoln library 		location springfield 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/public 		baseurl https://lincpubl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-jfn 		name naperville public library 		location naperville 		state il 		baseurl http://encore.naperville-lib.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ox 		name oswego public library district 		location oswego and montgomery 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://osw.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-iel 		name parlin-ingersoll public library 		location canton 		state il 		baseurl http://catalog.parliningersoll.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-a-dollar-i 		name prairiecat 		location libraries in the rails cooperative of northern illinois 		state il 		baseurl http://search.prairiecat.info/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ihx 		name resource sharing alliance (rsa) 		location libraries in west central illinois 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/rsa 		baseurl https://alsi.sdp.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-jbo 		name rockford public library 		location rockford 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://rfpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		# this library appears not to use traditional subjects 		# or authorized headings, so we simplify headings and 		# use the general keyword search instead of subject search 		id oclc-go 		name schaumburg township district library 		location schaumburg and vicinity 		state il 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://catalog.schaumburglibrary.org 		suburl ${baseurl}/search/results?type=allfields&lookfor=${arg} 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-jdp 		name swan: system wide automated network 		location suburban libraries in the chicago area 		state il 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://swanlibs.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-cgu 		name university of chicago library 		location chicago 		state il 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://catalog.lib.uchicago.edu/vufind 		 		id oclc-iay 		name university of illinois-chicago library 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl http://vufind.carli.illinois.edu/vf-uic 		cattype vufindrc 		 		id oclc-uiu 		name university of illinois urbana-champaign library 		location urbana-champaign 		state il 		baseurl http://search.grainger.uiuc.edu 		auturl ${baseurl}/searchaid /saresultsug.asp?typeofsearch=author&s =direct&project=gateway&selection=gen&selection=opac&selection=web&scharg=${arg:n}&searchbutton=go 		titurl ${baseurl}/searchaid /saresultsug.asp?typeofsearch=tiwords&s =direct&project=gateway&selection=gen&selection=opac&selection=web&scharg=${arg:n}&searchbutton=go 		keyurl ${baseurl}/searchaid /saresultsug.asp?keyword=${arg:n}&s =direct&project=gateway&selection=gen&selection=opac&selection=web&searchbutton=go 		 		id oclc-iao 		name northeastern illinois university (neiu) 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl http://vufind.carli.illinois.edu/vf-nei 		cattype vufindrc 		 		id oclc-inu 		name northwestern university libraries 		location evanston 		state il 		baseurl http://search.library.northwestern.edu 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid nulv 		lcode nulv 		loc adaptor,scope:(wton+),scope:(primo+central),scope:(nul),scope:(libguides),scope:(afri_poster),scope:(nint),scope:(ead),primo_central_multiple_fe 		default domain 		 		id oclc-oy 		name plainfield public library district 		location plainfield 		state il 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://pinnacle.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-ilpml 		name pritzker military museum and library 		location chicago 		state il 		baseurl http://www.pritzkermilitary.org/explore/library/online-catalog 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search#q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-ihg 		name skokie public library 		location skokie 		state il 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://skokielibrary.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclcc-gp 		name waukegan public library 		location waukegan 		state il 		baseurl http://catalog.waukeganpl.org 		cattype innopac 		 		# id is for malpass library, though the search is for all wiu libraries 		id oclc-iaz 		name western illinois university 		location macomb and quad cities 		state il 		baseurl https://i-share.carli.illinois.edu/wiu/cgi-bin/pwebrecon.cgi 		cattype voyager 		 		id oclc-b d 		name bondurant community library 		location bondurant 		state ia 		cattype apollo 		baseurl http://bondurant.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-kay 		name carnegie-stout public library 		location dubuque 		state ia 		baseurl https://catalog.dubuque.lib.ia.us 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-ljw 		name cedar falls public library 		location cedar falls 		state ia 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wcfpl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/cfpl 		 		id oclc-iwr 		name cedar rapids public library 		location cedar rapids 		state ia 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/crpl 		baseurl https://crpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-iwb 		name council bluffs public library 		location council bluffs 		state ia 		baseurl http://encore.councilbluffslibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ios 		name davenport public library 		location davenport 		state ia 		baseurl http://rivershare.polarislibrary.com 		cattype polaris-context 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-ld-sharp 		name drake public library 		location centerville 		state ia 		cattype destinyhosted 		baseurl https://drakelibrary.follettdestiny.com 		lcode 		context saas _ 		 		id oclc-iog 		name grinnell college 		location grinnell 		state ia 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://grinnell.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid gcl_inst:gcl 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-ldw 		name harlan community library 		location harlan 		state ia 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl https://harlanlibraryia.booksys.net/opac/hcl/index.html#search: 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-iwa 		name iowa state university 		location ames 		state ia 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://iowa-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid iasu 		lcode iasu 		loc adaptor,scope:( iasu),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-im 		name marion public library 		location marion 		state ia 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/mpl 		baseurl https://crpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-ltw 		name orange city public library 		location orange city 		state ia 		cattype apollo 		baseurl https://orangecity.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-uk 		name university of iowa libraries 		location iowa city 		state ia 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://search.lib.uiowa.edu 		vid iowa 		lcode iowa 		 		id oclc-iou 		name des moines public library 		location des moines 		state ia 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://desmoin.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-lxy 		name iowa city public library 		location iowa city 		state ia 		baseurl http://catpro.icpl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-iwp 		name sioux city public library 		location sioux city 		state ia 		baseurl http://ecatalog .siouxcitylibrary.org 		cattype ipac 		profile mn 		 		id oclc-niu 		name university of northern iowa 		location cedar falls 		state ia 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-iwv 		name waterloo public library 		location waterloo 		state ia 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wcfpl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/wpl 		 		id oclc-imf 		name allen county public library 		location fort wayne and vicinity 		state in 		cattype wise 		baseurl https://acpl-cms.wise.oclc.org/wise-apps/catalog/ /search/ 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-iib 		name butler university 		location indianapolis 		state in 		baseurl https://butler.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-idu 		name depauw university 		location greencastle 		state in 		baseurl https:// .on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-iep 		name evansville vanderburgh public library 		location evansville and vanderburgh county 		state in 		baseurl https://encore.evpl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ihc 		name hanover college, duggan library 		location hanover 		state in 		baseurl https://hanover.on.worldcat.org/external-search?&clusterresults=off&stickyfacetschecked=on&basescope=wz% a &querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-ind 		name hesburgh libraries, university of notre dame 		location notre dame 		state in 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://onesearch.library.nd.edu 		vid ndu 		lcode ndu 		scope malc_blended 		 		id oclc- iu 		name indiana university libraries 		location bloomington, and other campuses 		state in 		baseurl http://iucat.iu.edu/catalog 		cattype blacklight 		sindex subject 		 		# looks like they now have a custom search 		id oclc-imd 		name indianapolis public library 		location indianapolis 		state in 		keyurl https://www.indypl.org/search?q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-ipl 		name purdue university libraries 		location west lafayette 		state in 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://purdue-primo-prod.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid purdue 		loc purdue 		scope everything 		default http://www.lib.purdue.edu/ 		 		id oclc-iso 		name st. joseph county public library 		location south bend and vicinity 		state in 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://sjcpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-xwe 		name tippecanoe county public library 		location lafayette and vicinity 		state in 		baseurl https://pac.tcpl.lib.in.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ivu 		name valparaiso university 		location valparaiso 		state in 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://valpo.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-knj 		name johnson county library 		location overland park and vicinity 		state ks 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://jocolibrary.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-kck 		name kansas city, kansas public library 		location kansas city 		state ks 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://kckl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/home 		 		id oclc-kks 		name kansas state university 		location manhattan 		state ks 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://k-state-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?institution= ksu&search_scope=entire_library_collection&vid=newui& 		 		id oclc-cd 		name manhattan public library 		location manhattan 		state ks 		baseurl https://catalog.manhattan.lib.ks.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		# id is for pittsburg state university (no consortium id i could find) 		id oclc-kfp 		name psu library consortium 		location academic and public libraries in the pittsburg area 		state ks 		baseurl http://encore.pittstate.edu/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ktp 		name topeka and shawnee county public library 		location topeka 		state ks 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://tscpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-kku 		name university of kansas libraries 		location lawrence 		state ks 		baseurl http://kuprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid ku 		lcode ku 		scope quick 		 		id oclc-kfw 		name wichita public library 		location wichita 		state ks 		baseurl https://catalog.wichitalibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ksw 		name wichita state university 		location wichita 		state ks 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://libcat.wichita.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-kua 		name ashland community and technical college 		location ashland 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:ashland 		scope ashland_lib 		 		id oclc-kbe 		name berea college 		location berea 		state ky 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://banc.berea.edu: /vwebv/search 		default domain 		 		id oclc-kup 		name big sandy community and technical college 		location prestonburg 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:bigsandy 		scope bigsandy_lib 		 		id oclc-kut 		name bluegrass community and technical college 		location lexington 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:bluegrass 		scope bluegrass_lib 		 		id oclc-kec 		name elizabethtown community and technical college 		location elizabethtown 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:elizabethtown 		scope elizabethtown_lib 		 		id oclc-apk 		name fort campbell, sink library 		location fort campbell 		state ky 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl https://mwrlibrary.armybiznet.com 		lcode 		 		id oclc-gcatc 		name gateway community and technical college 		location florence 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:gateway 		scope gateway_lib 		 		id oclc-kfj 		name hazard community and technical college 		location hazard and jackson 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:hazard 		scope hazard_lib 		 		id oclc-kuh 		name henderson community college 		location henderson 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:henderson 		scope henderson_lib 		 		id oclc-khh 		name hopkinsville community college 		location hopkinsville 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:hopkinsville 		scope hopkinsville_lib 		 		id oclc-kjc 		name jefferson community and technical college 		location louisville 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:jefferson 		scope jefferson_lib 		 		id oclc-kce 		name kenton county public library 		location kenton county 		state ky 		baseurl http://catalog.kentonlibrary.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		 		id oclc-kys 		name kentucky state university 		location frankfort 		state ky 		baseurl https://kysu.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-kyl 		name lexington public library 		location lexington 		state ky 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://catalog.lexpublib.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-klp 		name louisville free public library 		location louisville 		state ky 		baseurl http://pac.lfpl.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-kym 		name madisonville community college 		location madisonville 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:madisonville 		scope madisonville_lib 		 		id oclc-kuy 		name maysville community and technical college 		location maysville 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:maysville 		scope maysville_lib 		 		id oclc-kms 		name murray state university 		location murray 		state ky 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://saa-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid msu 		lcode msu 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-kow 		name owensboro community and technical college 		location owensboro 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:owensboro 		scope owensboro_lib 		 		id oclc-khn 		name northern kentucky university 		location highland heights 		state ky 		baseurl https://northernkentuckyuniversity.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-kl 		name paul sawyier public library 		location frankfort 		state ky 		baseurl https://libcat.pspl.org/ 		cattype ls pac 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-kn 		name rowan county public library 		location morehead 		state ky 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl https://rowancountylibrary.booksys.net/opac/rcpl/index.html?mode=main#search: 		filters n 		 		id oclc-ktc 		name somerset community college 		location somerset 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:somerset 		scope somerset_lib 		 		id oclc-k@b 		name southcentral kentucky community and technical college 		location bowling green, glasgow, and franklin 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:southcentralky 		scope southcentralky_lib 		 		id oclc-kus 		name southeast kentucky community and technical college 		location cumberland and other campuses 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:southeastky 		scope southeastky_lib 		 		id oclc-kts 		name southern baptist theological seminary 		location louisville 		state ky 		baseurl https://sbts.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-kuk 		name university of kentucky 		location lexington 		state ky 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://saa-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid uky 		lcode uky 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-klg 		name university of louisville 		location louisville 		state ky 		baseurl https://uofl.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-kpc 		name west kentucky community and technical college 		location paducah 		state ky 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://kctcs.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid kctcs_inst:westky 		scope westky_lib 		 		id oclc- kn 		name western kentucky university 		location bowling green and other campuses 		state ky 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://saa-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid westky 		lcode westky 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-lmj 		name jefferson parish library 		location jefferson parish 		state la 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://jeffp.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-lr 		name lafourche parish public library 		location lafourche parish 		state la 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-luu 		name louisiana state university 		location baton rouge 		state la 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://lsu.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/lsu 		 		id oclc-llm 		name loyola university new orleans, monroe library 		location new orleans 		state la 		baseurl http://loy-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid loyno 		lcode loyno 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-laz	 		name lsu alexandria, bolton library 		location alexandria 		state la 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://lsua.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/lsua 		 		id oclc-lnc 		name new orleans public library 		location new orleans 		state la 		baseurl http://catalog.nolalibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-lnw 		name northwestern state university 		location natchitoches and other campuses 		state la 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://nsula.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/nsula 		 		id oclc-la 		name shreve memorial library 		location shreveport and caddo parish 		state la 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://srve.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-rqh 		name tulane university 		location new orleans 		state la 		baseurl http://tulprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid tref 		lcode tul 		scope books% b 		 		id oclc-wfpla 		name west feliciana parish library 		location st. francisville 		state la 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl https://wfplibraryla.booksys.net/opac/wfpl/index.html#search: 		filters n 		 		id oclc-lnu 		name university of new orleans, long library 		location new orleans 		state la 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-lnx 		name xavier university of louisiana 		location new orleans 		state la 		baseurl https://xavier.louislibraries.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://xavier.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/xavier 		 		id oclc- by 		name bangor public library 		location bangor 		state me 		baseurl http://ursus.maine.edu/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-bts 		name bates college 		location lewiston 		state me 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://bates.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-bbh 		name bowdoin college 		location brunswick 		state me 		baseurl http://cbbcat.net 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-cby 		name colby college 		location waterville 		state me 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://colby.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id mainecat 		name mainecat 		location statewide library catalog 		state me 		baseurl http://mainecat.maine.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		filters n 		 		id oclc-ppn 		name portland public library 		location portland 		state me 		baseurl http://catalog.portland.lib.me.us 		cattype webpacpro 		filters n 		 		id oclc-meu 		name university of maine, fogler library 		location orono 		state me 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://umaine.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-y t 		name york county community college 		location wells 		state me 		baseurl http://minerva.maine.edu/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		iprange . . . / 		lcode 		 		id oclc-b@l 		wcrid 		name baltimore county public library 		location baltimore suburbs 		state md 		baseurl http://catalog.bcpl.lib.md.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ccpbt 		name cecil county public library 		location cecil county 		state md 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://ceco.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-chesa 		name chesapeake college 		location wye mills and cambridge 		state md 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-esrls 		name eastern shore regional library system 		location public libraries on maryland's eastern shore 		state md 		baseurl http://eshore.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-mdb 		name enoch pratt free library 		location baltimore 		state md 		baseurl http://catalog.prattlibrary.org 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-fzl 		name frederick county public libraries 		location frederick and vicinity 		state md 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://fcpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-hrf 		name harford county public library 		location harford county 		state md 		baseurl http://library.hcplonline.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ho$ 		wcrid 		name howard county library system 		location howard county 		state md 		baseurl http://polaris.hclibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-jhe 		name johns hopkins libraries 		location baltimore 		state md 		baseurl https://catalyst.library.jhu.edu 		cattype blacklight 		sindex subject 		 		id oclc-xlj 		name montgomery county public libraries 		location montgomery county 		state md 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://mdpl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/catalog 		 		# nal's combined search seems to only work well for keywords 		id oclc-agl 		name national agricultural library 		location beltsville 		state md 		baseurl https://agricola.nal.usda.gov/vwebv/search 		keyurl ${baseurl}?searcharg=${arg}&searchcode=gkey^*&searchtype= 		 		id oclc-mdk 		name prince george's county memorial library system 		location prince george's county 		state md 		baseurl http://catalog.pgcmls.info/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-una 		name united states naval academy, nimitz library 		location annapolis 		state md 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://usna.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-mub 		name university of maryland baltimore county 		location baltimore 		state md 		cattype eds 		lcode baltcnty 		profile media 		 		id oclc-umc 		name university of maryland libraries 		location college park 		state md 		baseurl https://umaryland.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-qwr 		name beverly public library 		location beverly 		state ma 		baseurl https://evergreen.noblenet.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-bxm 		name boston college 		location boston 		state ma 		baseurl http://bc-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid bclib 		lcode bcl 		loc local,scope:(bcl) 		 		id oclc-brl 		name boston public library 		location boston 		state ma 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://bpl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-bos 		name boston university libraries 		location boston 		state ma 		baseurl http://buprimo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl 		vid bu 		lcode bosu 		 		id oclc-mbb 		name brandeis university library 		location waltham 		state ma 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.brandeis.edu 		vid brand 		lcode brand 		scope alma 		 		id oclc-bdr 		name bridgewater state university, maxwell library 		location bridgewater 		state ma 		cattype eds 		lcode bridgesc 		 		id oclc-cwj 		name c/w mars 		location public and small academic libraries in central and western ma 		state ma 		baseurl http://bark.cwmars.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		filters n 		 		id oclc-cib 		name clams: cape libraries automated materials sharing 		location public libraries on cape cod 		state ma 		baseurl https://encore.clamsnet.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-hcd 		name college of the holy cross 		location worcester 		state ma 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-flf 		name fenway libraries online 		location museums and small colleges in boston and vicinity 		state ma 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://endeavor.flo.org/vwebv/search 		 		id fivecollege 		name five college libraries 		location amherst, hampshire, mt. holyoke, smith, umass-amherst 		state ma 		cattype alephcuny 		baseurl https://fcaw.library.umass.edu 		tindex wti 		sindex scan_sub 		 		id oclc-hls 		name harvard library 		location cambridge 		state ma 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://hollis.harvard.edu 		vid hvd 		lcode hvd 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-qwq 		name j. v. fletcher library 		location westford 		state ma 		baseurl https://mvlc.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/westford 		 		id oclc-mrq 		name merrimack valley library consortium 		location public libraries in northeastern ma 		state ma 		baseurl https://mvlc.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/mvlc 		 		id oclc-mln 		name minuteman library network 		location metrowest-region public and small college libraries 		state ma 		baseurl http://find.minlib.net/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-myg 		name mit libraries, massachusetts institute of technology 		location cambridge 		state ma 		cattype aleph 		baseurl http://library.mit.edu 		 		id oclc-nog 		name noble: north of boston library exchange 		location north shore public and small academic libraries 		state ma 		baseurl https://evergreen.noblenet.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ned 		name northeastern university 		location boston 		state ma 		baseurl http://onesearch.northeastern.edu 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid nu 		lcode neu 		scope everything_scope 		 		id oclc-ocd 		name old colony library network 		location south shore public libraries 		state ma 		baseurl https://catalog.ocln.org 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/ocln 		 		id oclc-s l 		name sails library network 		location new bedford, fall river, taunton, and vicinity 		state ma 		baseurl https://sails.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/fullsite 		 		id oclc- sc 		name simmons college 		location boston 		state ma 		baseurl http://library.simmons.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-nkt 		name springfield college 		location springfield 		state ma 		baseurl https://springfieldcollege.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-snn 		name smith college libraries 		location northampton 		state ma 		baseurl https://smith.edu/libraries/discover 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search.php?query=${arg} 		 		id oclc-tfw 		name tufts university 		location medford 		state ma 		cattype primodl 		baseurl https://tufts-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid tun 		lcode tun_inst 		 		id oclc-aum 		name university of massachusetts amherst 		location amherst 		state ma 		baseurl https://umass.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-uln 		name university of massachusetts lowell 		location lowell 		state ma 		baseurl https://uml.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-wel 		name wellesley college 		location wellesley 		state ma 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://wellesley.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-wne 		name western new england university 		location springfield 		state ma 		baseurl http://encore.wne.edu/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-wcm 		name williams college 		location williamstown 		state ma 		baseurl http://librarysearch.williams.edu 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid wil 		lcode wil 		scope everything_scope 		 		id oclc-wpg 		name worcester polytechnic institute 		location worcester 		state ma 		baseurl https://wpi.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primo-ve 		vid wpi_inst:default 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-wzw 		name worcester public library 		location worcester 		state ma 		baseurl http://worp-main.cwmars.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		filters n 		lcode 		 		id oclc-eyh 		name ann arbor district library 		location ann arbor 		state mi 		baseurl http://www.aadl.org/catalog 		cattype sopac 		filters nk 		 		id oclc-ehi 		name canton public library 		location canton 		state mi 		baseurl http://catalog.cantonpl.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-e l 		name capital area district libraries 		location lansing and ingham county 		state mi 		cattype webpacpro 		baseurl http://opac.cadl.org/ 		 		id oclc-ezc 		name central michigan university 		location mount pleasant 		state mi 		baseurl http://cmich-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid cmich 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-eyp 		name detroit public library 		location detroit 		state mi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://detp.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-eye 		name eastern michigan university 		location ypsilanti 		state mi 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://emich.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-ezh 		name flint public library 		location flint 		state mi 		baseurl http://fplcatalog.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-exr 		name grand rapids public library 		location grand rapids 		state mi 		baseurl https://catalog.grpl.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		 		id oclc-exg 		name grand valley state university 		location allendale 		state mi 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://gvsu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-exz 		name kalamazoo public library 		location kalamazoo 		state mi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://kzpl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/kpl 		 		id oclc-lkr 		name lakenet: lakeland library cooperative 		location + public libraries in west michigan 		state mi 		baseurl http://frodo.llcoop.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-eel 		name lansing community college 		location lansing 		state mi 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://lcc.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-m @ 		wcrid 		name michigan elibrary 		location order from libraries across the state 		state mi 		baseurl http://elibrary.mel.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-eem 		name michigan state university libraries 		location east lansing 		state mi 		cattype webpacpro 		baseurl http://magic.lib.msu.edu/ 		 		id oclc-eik 		name oakland community college 		location various oakland county campuses 		state mi 		cattype primodl 		baseurl https://dalnet-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid dal_occ 		lcode dal_occ 		 		id oclc-enz 		name petoskey district library 		location petoskey 		state mi 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://petoskey.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-ehj 		name plymouth district library 		location plymouth 		state mi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://plym.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-ejz 		name royal oak public library 		location royal oak 		state mi 		cattype ls pac-configamp 		config roak 		baseurl https://catalog.tln.lib.mi.us/ 		 		id oclc-er 		name traverse area district library 		location traverse city and vicinity 		state mi 		baseurl https://catalog.tadl.org/search? 		cattype evergreen-general 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-elm 		name university of michigan library 		location ann arbor 		state mi 		baseurl http://mirlyn.lib.umich.edu 		cattype vufindrc 		 		id oclc-zb 		name warren public library 		location warren 		state mi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://sbrb.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/wcv 		 		id oclc-exw 		name western michigan university 		location kalamazoo 		state mi 		baseurl https://primo-pmtna .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid wmu 		lcode wmu 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-eew 		name willard library 		location battle creek 		state mi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wlrd.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-dud 		name duluth public library 		location duluth 		state mn 		baseurl http://catalog.duluth.lib.mn.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-mha 		name hamline university 		location st. paul 		state mn 		baseurl https://hamline.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-hco 		name hennepin county library 		location minneapolis and vicinity 		state mn 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://hclib.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-mnm 		name minnesota state university 		location mankato 		state mn 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://mnsu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-spp 		name saint paul public library 		location st. paul 		state mn 		baseurl http://alpha.sppl.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-mno 		name st. olaf college 		location northfield 		state mn 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?tab=everything&search_scope=soc_mycampus_ci&vid= brc_inst:soc&offset= & 		 		id oclc-mnu 		name university of minnesota libraries 		location twin cities 		state mn 		baseurl http://primo.lib.umn.edu 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid twincities 		lcode twincities 		scope mncat_discovery 		 		id oclc-mnt 		name university of st. thomas 		location st. paul 		state mn 		cattype primodl 		baseurl https://clicsearch.stthomas.edu 		vid stthomas 		 		# walden u appears to no longer have any catalog accessible to general public 		 		id oclc-wlm 		name washington county library 		location washington county 		state mn 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://wcm.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-mlu 		name alcorn state university 		location lorman 		state ms 		cattype sirsient-old 		baseurl http://alcorn.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-h r 		name harrison county library system 		location gulfport, biloxi, and vicinity 		state ms 		cattype verso 		lcode hcols 		cid hcols 		baseurl https://hcols.agverso.com 		 		id oclc-mjp 		name jackson-hinds library system 		location jackson and hinds county 		state ms 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://jack.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-mju 		name jackson state university 		location jackson 		state ms 		baseurl http://sampson.jsums.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-mpc 		name mississippi library commission 		location jackson 		state ms 		cattype verso 		lcode mlco 		cid mlco 		baseurl https://mlco.agverso.com 		 		id oclc-mfm 		name mississippi state university 		location starkville, meridian, and jackson 		state ms 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/msstate 		baseurl https://mlp.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-tgc 		name tougaloo college 		location tougaloo 		state ms 		baseurl https://tougaloo.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-mum 		name university of mississippi libraries 		location oxford 		state ms 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://olemiss.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-mr 		name concordia seminary library 		location st. louis 		state mo 		baseurl http://bridges.searchmobius.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc- mq 		name daniel boone regional library 		location columbia and vicinity 		state mo 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://dbrl.bibliocommons.com 		 		# using the oclc id of the mpl consortium based in ferguson 		id oclc-mr 		name ferguson municipal public library 		location ferguson 		state mo 		baseurl http://pac.mlc.lib.mo.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-lhe 		name harris-stowe state university 		location st. louis 		state mo 		baseurl http://bridges.searchmobius.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-mqy 		name joplin public library 		location joplin 		state mo 		baseurl http://catalog.joplinpubliclibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-kcp 		name kansas city public library 		location kansas city 		state mo 		baseurl https://kclibrary.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-liu 		name lincoln university 		location jefferson city 		state mo 		baseurl http://arthur.searchmobius.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-lhl 		name linda hall library 		location kansas city 		state mo 		baseurl http://primo.lindahall.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid lhl 		lcode lhl 		loc local,scope:(lhl) 		 		id oclc-cmi 		name mid-continent public library 		location kansas city vicinity 		state mo 		baseurl https://mymcpl.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-muj 		name missouri river regional library 		location jefferson city and linn 		state mo 		baseurl http://catalog.mrrl.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-mou 		name missouri state university 		location springfield 		state mo 		baseurl http://swan.searchmobius.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-umr 		name missouri university of science and technology 		location rolla 		state mo 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://mst.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-tlo 		name ozarks technical community college 		location springfield and other campuses 		state mo 		baseurl http://swan.searchmobius.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-mtf 		name poplar bluff municipal library 		location poplar bluff 		state mo 		baseurl http://poplarbluff.missourievergreen.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-xii 		name saint louis university 		location st. louis 		state mo 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-sem 		name southeast missouri state university 		location cape girardeau 		state mo 		baseurl http://semo-encore.iii.com/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-mos 		name springfield-greene county library district 		location springfield and vicinity 		state mo 		baseurl https://coolcat.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-zac 		name st. charles city-county library district 		location st. charles county 		state mo 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl https://mylibrary.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-zae 		name st. louis county library 		location st. louis suburbs 		state mo 		baseurl http://encore.slcl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-svp 		name st. louis public library 		location st. louis 		state mo 		baseurl http://catalog.slpl.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id taneyhills 		name taneyhills community library 		location branson 		state mo 		baseurl http://taneyhills.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		filters s 		 		id oclc-umk 		name university of missouri kansas city: umkc libraries 		location kansas city 		state mo 		baseurl http://encore.lib.umsystem.edu/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-muu 		name university of missouri libraries 		location columbia 		state mo 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-wtu 		name washington university libraries 		location st. louis 		state mo 		baseurl http://catalog.wustl.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id olb-mze 		name butte-silver bow public library 		location butte 		state mt 		baseurl http://catalogue.buttepubliclibrary.info 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-mtsct 		name montana shared catalog 		location + libraries across montana 		state mt 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/mtsc 		baseurl https://mtsc.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-mzf 		name montana state university library 		location bozeman 		state mt 		cattype primodl 		baseurl http://msu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid trails_msu 		lcode trails_msu 		 		id oclc-mzj 		name montana tech of the university of montana 		location butte 		state mt 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://mtech-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid trails_um_mtech 		lcode trails_um_mtech 		scope all- trails_um_mtech 		 		id oclc-mtg 		name university of montana, mansfield library 		location missoula 		state mt 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://um-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid trails_um 		lcsub trails_um 		scope trails 		 		id oclc-bll 		name bellevue public library 		location bellevue 		state ne 		baseurl http://belvu.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-oca 		name creighton university 		location omaha 		state ne 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://creighton-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		scope everything 		lcode cru 		vid cru 		 		id oclc-nln 		name lincoln city libraries 		location lincoln 		state ne 		baseurl https://lcl.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		 		id oclc-nbo 		name omaha public library 		location omaha 		state ne 		baseurl https://omaha.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-ldl 		name university of nebraska-lincoln 		location lincoln 		state ne 		baseurl http://encore.unl.edu/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-nvx 		name carson city library 		location carson city 		state nv 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://nvlibrarycoop.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-nva 		name college of southern nevada 		location las vegas and vicinity 		state nv 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://csn.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-nvc 		name las vegas-clark county library district 		location las vegas and vicinity 		state nv 		baseurl http://ilsweb.lvccld.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-cland 		name nevada library cooperative 		location public libraries outside nevada's largest urban areas 		state nv 		cattype polaris 		baseurl http://nvlibrarycoop.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		 		id olb-washoe 		name washoe county library system 		location reno and vicinity 		state nv 		baseurl http://library.washoecounty.us/ 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-qya 		name concord public library 		location concord 		state nh 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://concord.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-drb 		name dartmouth college 		location hanover 		state nh 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://search.library.dartmouth.edu/discovery/search?search_scope=myinst_and_ci&vid= dcl_inst: dcl& 		 		id oclc-hb 		name lebanon public libraries 		location lebanon and west lebanon 		state nh 		baseurl http://catalog.leblibrary.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-qyc 		name manchester city library 		location manchester 		state nh 		baseurl https://findit.gmilcs.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-qwb 		name nashua public library 		location nashua 		state nh 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://nashpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc- nh 		name university of new hampshire 		location durham and manchester 		state nh 		baseurl https://unhlibrary.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-acp 		name atlantic city free public library 		location atlantic city 		state nj 		baseurl http://opac.acfpl.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-brg 		name bccls 		location bergen, essex, hudson, and passaic county public libraries 		state nj 		baseurl https://catalog.bccls.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-bun 		name rowan college at burlington county 		location mount laurel and other campuses 		state nj 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl http://bcls.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-bul 		name burlington county library system 		location public libraries in burlington county 		state nj 		cattype polaris 		baseurl http://bcls.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		 		id oclc-ncl 		name camcat 		location camden county library system, and camden county college 		state nj 		baseurl http://camden.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-hun 		name hunterdon county library 		location flemington, clinton, and lambertville 		state nj 		baseurl http://ipac.hclibrary.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-mrr 		name mercer county community college 		location west windsor and trenton 		state nj 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/mccc 		baseurl https://merl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-nnf 		name middlesex county college 		location edison 		state nj 		baseurl http://librarycatalog.lmxac.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsilib 		lcode mcc 		 		id oclc-qbl 		name middletown township public library 		location middletown 		state nj 		baseurl http://kohaopac.mtpl.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-myl 		name monmouth county library 		location monmouth county 		state nj 		baseurl http://mcls.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi/ 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-nwm 		name morris automated information network 		location morris county public libraries 		state nj 		baseurl http://catalog.mainlib.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-njnpl 		name newark public library 		location newark 		state nj 		baseurl http://catalog.npl.org 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-palsp 		name pals plus library consortium 		location libraries in passaic, essex, and hudson counties 		state nj 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://palsplus.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/palsplus 		 		id oclc-ppr 		name princeton public library 		location princeton 		state nj 		baseurl https://princetonlibrary.bibliocommons.com 		cattype bibliocommons 		 		id oclc-pts 		name princeton theological seminary 		location princeton 		state nj 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://ptsem.summon.serialssolutions.com 		filters s 		 		id oclc-pul 		name princeton university library 		location princeton 		state nj 		keyurl http://library.princeton.edu/find/all/${arg} 		 		id oclc-njs 		name stockton university 		location galloway and other locations 		state nj 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://stockton.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sun_inst:stockton 		scope newdn_and_ci 		 		id oclc-njg 		name rowan university 		location glassboro 		state nj 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://rowan.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-njr 		name rutgers university libraries 		location new brunswick, newark, and camden 		state nj 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://rutgers.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?tab=everything&search_scope=myinst_and_ci&vid= rut_inst: rut&offset= & 		 		id oclc-sth 		name seton hall university 		location south orange 		state nj 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://setonhall.on.worldcat.org/search?clusterresults=off&querystring 		 		id oclc-som 		name somerset county library system 		location somerset county 		state nj 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl https://catalog.sclsnj.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-njt 		name the college of new jersey 		location ewing 		state nj 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://tcnj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid collnj_inst:tcnj 		scope myinst_and_ci_and_ebsco 		 		id oclc-njp 		name william paterson university, cheng library 		location wayne 		state nj 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-que 		name the public library 		location albuquerque and bernalillo county 		state nm 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-zp 		name rio rancho public libraries 		location rio rancho 		state nm 		baseurl https://riopl.ci.rio-rancho.nm.us 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-lan 		name los alamos public library system 		location los alamos and white rock 		state nm 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://losalamos.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-iru 		name new mexico state university 		location las cruces and other campuses 		state nm 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://nmsu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid newmex_inst:nmsu_lc 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-sfp 		name santa fe public library 		location santa fe 		state nm 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://catalog.santafelibrary.org/union/search 		default http://santafelibrary.org/ 		 		id oclc-tbl 		name thomas branigan memorial library 		location las cruces 		state nm 		baseurl http://chile.las-cruces.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-iqu 		name university of new mexico libraries 		location albuquerque 		state nm 		baseurl https://unm.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-bng 		name binghamton university 		location binghamton 		state ny 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://suny-bin.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid suny_bin: suny_bin 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-bkl 		name brooklyn public library 		location brooklyn 		state ny 		baseurl https://borrow.bklynlibrary.org/r s/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc- vx 		name chautauqua-cattaraugus library system 		location jamestown and vicinity 		state ny 		baseurl https://catalog.cclsny.org/ 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-vzc 		name clinton essex franklin library system 		location public libraries in northern new york counties 		state ny 		baseurl https://cefls.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		 		id oclc-vhb 		name buffalo and erie county public library 		location buffalo 		state ny 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://bepl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-zcu 		name columbia university libraries 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://clio.columbia.edu/quicksearch 		vref http://library.columbia.edu/research/askalibrarian.html 		cattype blacklight 		aindex author_terms 		 		id oclc-conny 		name connectny 		location academic libraries in new york state 		state ny 		baseurl https://connectny.info 		cattype innopac 		 		# cornell now has a bento; keyword-only search tends to work best for those 		id oclc-coo 		name cornell university library 		location ithaca 		state ny 		keyurl https://newcatalog.library.cornell.edu/search?q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-zcy 		name city university of new york (cuny) 		location new york 		state ny 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://onesearch.cuny.edu 		vid cuny 		lcode cen 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-vyg 		name finger lakes library system 		location public libraries in cayuga, cortland, seneca, tioga, and tompkins counties 		state ny 		baseurl https://catalog.flls.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-vdp 		name finkelstein memorial library 		location spring valley 		state ny 		baseurl http://millennium.finkelsteinlibrary.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-vyf 		name fordham university 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl https://catalog.library.fordham.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-vxv 		name hudson valley community college 		location troy 		state ny 		cattype ids 		lcode vxv 		filters s 		 		id oclc-vxi 		name iona college 		location new rochelle 		state ny 		baseurl https://iona.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc- li 		name long island university 		location brooklyn, post, and other campuses 		state ny 		baseurl http://liucat.lib.liu.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-zmc 		name manhattan college 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://jaspercat.manhattan.edu/ 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-mza 		name metropolitan museum of art libraries 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://library.metmuseum.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-vfo 		name mid-hudson library system 		location columbia, dutchess, greene, putnam and ulster counties 		state ny 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl http://midhudsonlibraries.org 		lcode 		 		id midyork 		name mid york library system 		location herkimer, madison, and oneida counties 		state ny 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://myls.ent.sirsi.net 		 		# id is for mohawk system 		id oclc-vml 		name mohawk valley and southern adirondack library systems 		location public libraries in counties northwest of albany 		state ny 		baseurl https://pac.sals.edu/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		# using the id for rochester pl (since monroe cty doesn't seem to have one) 		id oclc-yqr 		name monroe county library system 		location rochester and vicinity 		state ny 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://catalogplus.libraryweb.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-nab 		name nassau library system 		location aliscat: public libraries in nassau county, long island 		state ny 		baseurl http://encore.alisweb.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-znl 		name new york law school 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl https://lawlib.nyls.edu 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-zyu 		name new york university libraries 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://bobcat.library.nyu.edu 		cattype primodl-loc 		vid nyu 		lcode nyu 		loc adaptor,scope:(ns),scope:(cu),scope:(bhs),scope:(nyu),scope:(nysid),scope:("nyhs"),scope:(gen),scope:(nyuad),scope:(nyush) 		 		id oclc-wdtny 		name new york public library 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://browse.nypl.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc- ny 		name new york state library, archives, and museum 		location albany 		state ny 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl https://nyst.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id oclc-znm 		name nioga library system 		location niagara, orleans, and geneseee counties 		state ny 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://nioga.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-rtn 		name north country library system 		location jefferson, lewis, oswego, and st. lawrence counties 		state ny 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://catalog.ncls.org 		lcode en_us/nclscat 		 		id oclc-yvo 		name onondaga county public library 		location syracuse and vicinity 		state ny 		baseurl https://catalog.onlib.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-xdr 		name pioneer library system: owwl catalog 		location ontario, wayne, wyoming, and livingston counties 		state ny 		baseurl http://evergreen.owwl.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-vzq 		name pratt institute 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl http://cat.pratt.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-zqp 		name queens library 		location queens 		state ny 		baseurl https://www.queenslibrary.org 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search/everything?category=everything&searchfield=${arg} 		auturl ${baseurl}/search/everything?category=everything&searchfilter=tm_a:"${arg}"&searchfield=${arg} 		titurl ${baseurl}/search/everything?category=everything&searchfilter=tm_t:"${arg}"&searchfield=${arg} 		suburl ${baseurl}/search/everything?category=everything&searchfilter=tm_s:"${arg}"&searchfield=${arg} 		 		id oclc-rve 		name rochester institute of technology 		location rochester 		state ny 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://rit.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-zsa 		name southern tier library system 		location allegany, chemung, schuyler, steuben and yates counties 		state ny 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://starcat.stls.org 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-vzf 		name st. francis college 		location brooklyn 		state ny 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://tcna.primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid stfranciscoll 		lcode stfranciscoll 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-zsj 		name st. john's university 		location new york 		state ny 		baseurl https://stjohnsuniversitylibraries.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-ysm 		name stony brook university libraries 		location stony brook 		state ny 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://search.library.stonybrook.edu 		vid suny_stb: suny_stb 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		# no id i could find for sc library system as a whole; using clerks office id 		id oclc-suffo 		name suffolk county libraries 		location public libraries in suffolk county, long island 		state ny 		#baseurl http://encore.suffolk.lib.ny.us/iii/encore 		#cattype encore 		baseurl https://search.livebrary.com 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-yom 		name suny oswego, penfield library 		location oswego 		state ny 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://suny-osw.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid suny_osw: suny_osw 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-syb 		name syracuse university libraries 		location syracuse 		state ny 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://syracuse.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-xtc 		name touro college libraries 		location new york 		state ny 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://touro.summon.serialssolutions.com 		iprange . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / 		 		id oclc-ywm 		name united states military academy 		location west point 		state ny 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-nam 		name university at albany, suny 		location albany 		state ny 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://search.library.albany.edu 		vid suny_alb: suny_alb 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-buf 		name university at buffalo, suny 		location buffalo 		state ny 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://search.lib.buffalo.edu 		vid suny_buf:everything 		scope ubsuny 		 		id oclc-rrr 		name university of rochester, river campus libraries 		location rochester 		state ny 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://rochester.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-vvw 		name westchester library system 		location public libraries in westchester county 		state ny 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl https://catalog.westchesterlibraries.org/eg/opac 		 		id oclc- yy 		name yeshiva university libraries 		location new york 		state ny 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		# id may be for specific dept in u, but we're using it for whole u 		id oclc-njd 		name appalachian state university, belk library 		location boone 		state nc 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl http://wncln.wncln.org 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ben 		name bennett college 		location greensboro 		state nc 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://bennett.on.worldcat.org/search?databaselist=&querystring 		 		id oclc-npc 		name charlotte mecklenburg library 		location charlotte and vicinity 		state nc 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://cmlibrary.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-nnm 		name davidson college 		location davidson 		state nc 		baseurl https://davidson.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-ndd 		name duke university libraries 		location durham 		state nc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://duke.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-nzd 		name durham county library 		location durham and vicinity 		state nc 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://dur.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-npe 		name elizabeth city state university 		location elizabeth city 		state nc 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://ecsu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-nfs 		name fayetteville state university 		location fayetteville 		state nc 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://uncfsu.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		 		id oclc-uzz 		name forsyth county public library 		location winston-salem and vicinity 		state nc 		baseurl http://forsyth.nccardinal.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-apb 		name fort bragg, throckmorton library 		location fort bragg 		state nc 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl https://mwrlibrary.armybiznet.com 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ncj 		name johnson c. smith university 		location charlotte 		state nc 		baseurl http://libcat.jcsu.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		filters n 		 		id oclc-nrc 		name north carolina state university (ncsu) 		location raleigh 		state nc 		keyurl http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/search?q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-nzr 		name polk county public libraries 		location columbus and saluda 		state nc 		baseurl https://polk.nccardinal.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-kqa 		name rutherford county library 		location rutherford county 		state nc 		cattype tlc 		lcode rutherford 		baseurl http://www.cmclibraries.org/ 		 		id oclc-nim 		name university of north carolina (unc) asheville 		location asheville 		state nc 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl http://wncln.wncln.org 		lcode 		 		id oclc-noc 		name university of north carolina (unc) chapel hill 		location chapel hill 		state nc 		baseurl http://library.unc.edu/find/combinedresults/ 		cattype endeca 		 		id oclc-nxw 		name university of north carolina (unc) wilmington 		location wilmington 		state nc 		baseurl http://library.uncw.edu/search_randall 		keyurl ${baseurl}/${arg:snk} 		 		id oclc- ng 		name university of north carolina (unc) greensboro 		location greensboro 		state nc 		baseurl https://uncg.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc- nx 		name wake county public libraries 		location raleigh 		state nc 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://catalog.wakegov.com/ 		 		id oclc-ewf 		name wake forest university 		location winston-salem 		state nc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://wfu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-bpl 		name bismarck veterans memorial public library 		location bismarck 		state nd 		cattype ipac 		baseurl http://ipac.infolynx.org 		profile maincentral 		 		id oclc-nfg 		name fargo public library 		location fargo 		state nd 		baseurl https://catalog.fargolibrary.org 		cattype koha 		#filters nk 		 		id oclc-nmp 		name minot public library 		location minot 		state nd 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl http://atriuum.minotlibrary.org/opac/mpl/index.html?mode=main#search: 		 		id oclc-nwq 		name north dakota state university 		location fargo 		state nd 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://ndsu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?tab=everything&search_scope=myinst_and_ci&vid= odin_ndsu:ndsu&offset= & 		 		id oclc- zg 		name university of north dakota 		location grand forks 		state nd 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://odin-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/ 		vid und 		lcode und 		scope all 		 		id oclc-apl 		name akron-summit county public library 		location akron and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://catalog.akronlibrary.org 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-cwr 		name case western reserve university 		location cleveland 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://case.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cnc 		name central state university 		location wilberforce 		state oh 		cattype encorehosted 		baseurl http://hallie.ces.edu/ 		 		id oclc-cle 		name cleveland public library 		location cleveland 		state oh 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/cpl-main 		baseurl https://search.clevnet.org 		 		# doesn't appear to have an oclc id of its own 		id clevnet 		name clevnet 		location library systems in northeast ohio 		state oh 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/clevnet 		baseurl https://search.clevnet.org 		 		id oclc-woo 		name college of wooster 		location wooster 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://wooster.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-oco 		name columbus metropolitan library 		location columbus and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://catalog.clcohio.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cxp 		name cuyahoga county public library 		location cleveland suburbs 		state oh 		baseurl http://encore.cuyahoga.lib.oh.us/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc- dm 		name dayton metro library 		location dayton and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://pac.daytonmetrolibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-odg 		name delaware county district library 		location delaware, ostrander, and powell 		state oh 		cattype innopac 		baseurl http://catalog.delawarelibrary.org 		filters snk 		 		# kent state has eds, but it doesn't work right off-campus (no custid seen) 		# so we'll drop back to kentlink, their catalog 		id oclc-ksu 		name kent state university 		location kent and other campuses 		state oh 		cattype innopac 		baseurl http://kentlink.kent.edu 		 		id oclc-ken 		name kenyon college 		location gambier 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://kenyon.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-gvc 		name licking county library 		location newark and other locations 		state oh 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/lne 		baseurl https://ohio.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-lxp 		name lorain public library system 		location lorain and vicinity 		state oh 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/lor-main 		baseurl https://search.clevnet.org 		 		id oclc-olm 		name lloyd library and museum 		location cincinnati 		state oh 		baseurl http://uclid.uc.edu 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-mia 		name miami university 		location oxford 		state oh 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-obe 		name oberlin college 		location oberlin 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://oberlin.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-onu 		name ohio northern university 		location ada 		state oh 		cattype innopac 		baseurl https://polar.onu.edu 		 		id oclc-osu 		name ohio state university 		location columbus 		state oh 		baseurl https://osu.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-oun 		name ohio university 		location athens and other campuses 		state oh 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl http://alice.library.ohio.edu 		lcode 		 		id oclc-owu 		name ohio wesleyan university 		location delaware 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://owu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		# consortium not found in oclc 		id opalconsortium 		name opal consortium 		location academic libraries in ohio 		state oh 		baseurl http://cat.opal-libraries.org 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ocp 		name public library of cincinnati and hamilton county 		location cincinnati and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://catalog.cincinnatilibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-ymm 		name public library of youngstown and mahoning county 		location youngstown and vicinity 		state oh 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://plymc.bibliocommons.com 		 		# id is for stark county district library; catalog also covers some nearby libs 		id oclc-sdl 		name stark libraries information consortium 		location canton and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://catalog.starklibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc- tl 		name toledo-lucas county public library 		location toledo and vicinity 		state oh 		baseurl http://encore.toledolibrary.org/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-cin 		name university of cincinnati 		location cincinnati 		state oh 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uc.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-day 		name university of dayton 		location dayton 		state oh 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-uap 		name upper arlington public library 		location upper arlington 		state oh 		cattype polaris-context 		baseurl https://catalog.clcohio.org/polaris 		context . . . . 		 		id oclc-xav 		name xavier university 		location cincinnati 		state oh 		cattype innopac 		baseurl http://xplore.xavier.edu 		 		id oclc-ckl 		name southern oklahoma library system 		location counties in southern oklahoma 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://soklahomals.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-oea 		name eastern oklahoma district library system 		location counties in eastern oklahoma 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl http://eok.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-oeg 		name enid public library 		location enid 		state ok 		cattype apollo 		baseurl http://enid.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-lpl 		name lawton public library 		location lawton 		state ok 		cattype apollo 		baseurl http://lawton.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc- ok 		name metropolitan library system 		location oklahoma city and vicinity 		state ok 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://catalog.metrolibrary.org/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-okn 		name northeastern state university 		location tahlequah, broken arrow, and muskogee 		state ok 		baseurl https://nsuok.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-oks 		name oklahoma state university 		location stillwater 		state ok 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://okstate.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-okm 		name pioneer library system 		location cleveland, mcclain, and pottawatomie counties 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		lcode main 		baseurl https://pion.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id quapaw 		name quapaw tribal library 		location quapaw 		state ok 		cattype apollo 		baseurl http://quapaw.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-oki 		name southeastern public library system of oklahoma 		location counties in southeast oklahoma 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://sepl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-okp 		name southern prairie library system 		location jackson and harmon counties 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://spls.ent.sirsi.net 		filters s 		 		id oclc-stw 		name stillwater public library 		location stillwater 		state ok 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://stwr.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-tul 		name tulsa city-county library 		location tulsa 		state ok 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://tccl.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-okubl 		name university of oklahoma 		location norman 		state ok 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://ou-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid ou 		lcode ou 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-owe 		name western plains library system 		location custer, dewey, roger mills and washita counties 		state ok 		cattype ls pac-config 		config find 		baseurl https://wpls.tlcdelivers.com/ 		 		id oclc-aby 		name albany public library 		location albany 		state or 		baseurl http://libweb.cityofalbany.net/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ceo 		name central oregon community college 		location bend 		state or 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode cocc 		vid cocc 		loc adaptor,scope:(cocc),scope:(p),scope:(e-cocc) 		 		id oclc-chk 		name chemeketa community college 		location salem and yamhill valley 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode chemek 		vid chemek 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-chy 		name chemeketa cooperative regional library service 		location public libraries in marion, polk, and yamhill counties 		state or 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://catalog.ccrls.org 		lcode en_us/ccrls 		 		id oclc-cva 		name corvallis-benton county public library 		location corvallis and vicinity 		state or 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl https://library.ci.corvallis.or.us/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-dch 		name deschutes public library 		location bend and deschutes county 		state or 		baseurl http://catalog.dpls.lib.or.us 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-oel 		name eugene public library 		location eugene 		state or 		baseurl http://librarycatalog.eugene-or.gov/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-wev 		name george fox university 		location newberg 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode alliance_gfox 		vid gfox 		scope gfox_alma_summit_primocentral 		 		id oclc-jcl 		name jackson county library services 		location medford, ashland and vicinity 		state or 		baseurl http://jclsrcc.librarycatalog.info/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-olp 		name lewis and clark college 		location portland 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode alliance_lcc 		vid lcc 		scope lcc_nz_pc 		 		id oclc-liq 		name lincc: libraries in clackamas county 		location clackamas county 		state or 		baseurl https://lincc.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/lincc 		 		id oclc-orx 		name multnomah county library 		location portland 		state or 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://multcolib.bibliocommons.com 		 		# orbis cascade appears to no longer have a unified catalog; 		# add the individual member libraries as time permits 		 		id oclc-ohs 		name oregon health and science university 		location portland 		state or 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://librarysearch.ohsu.edu 		vid ohsu 		lcode ohsu 		loc adaptor% cscope% a% % ohsu% % 		 		id oclc-ory 		name oregon state library 		location salem 		state or 		baseurl https://ccrls.ent.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/oslpublic 		 		id oclc-ore 		name oregon state university (osu) 		location corvallis and other campuses 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.oregonstate.edu 		lcode osu 		vid osu 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-orz 		name portland state university 		location portland 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://search.library.pdx.edu 		vid psu 		scope all 		 		id oclc-oxy 		name springfield public library 		location springfield 		state or 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://sprp.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/springfield 		 		id oclc-umq 		name umpqua community college 		location roseburg 		state or 		baseurl https://umpqua.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-oru 		name university of oregon 		location eugene 		state or 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		cattype primodl-scope 		vid uo 		lcode uo 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-oqx 		name washington county cooperative library services 		location washington county 		state or 		baseurl http://catalog.wccls.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-owt 		name willamette university libraries 		location salem 		state or 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode wu 		vid wu 		scope wu_libraries_summit 		 		id oclc-pga 		name access pennsylvania 		location libraries across the state 		state pa 		cattype verso 		lcode accesspa 		cid accesspa 		baseurl https://accesspa.agshareit.com 		 		id oclc-bea 		name arcadia university, landman library 		location glenside 		state pa 		baseurl http://koha.arcadia.edu 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-bfj 		name beaver county library system 		location public and community college libraries in beaver county 		state pa 		baseurl http://bvrpac.beaverlibraries.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-xk 		name berks county public libraries 		location reading and vicinity 		state pa 		baseurl https://catalog.berkslibraries.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-bmc 		name bryn mawr college 		location bryn mawr 		state pa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://tripod.brynmawr.edu 		vid tri_inst:bmc 		scope bmc_all 		 		id oclc-dpb 		name bucks county library district 		location public libraries in bucks county 		state pa 		baseurl https://bcfl.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		# change cranberry when you change this. 		id oclc-bcfls 		name butler county federated library system 		location public libraries in butler county 		state pa 		baseurl https://bcfls.tlcdelivers.com/ 		cattype ls pac 		filters s 		 		id oclc-joc 		name cambria county library 		location johnstown 		state pa 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://cambria.sparkpa.org/eg/opac 		 		id oclc-pmc 		name carnegie mellon university 		location pittsburgh 		state pa 		cattype vufind 		baseurl http://vufind.library.cmu.edu/vufind 		 		# didn't find id for ccls as a whole; using west chester as id 		id oclc-pawcp 		name chester county library system 		location public libraries in chester county 		state pa 		baseurl http://catalog.ccls.org 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-pch 		name cheyney university library 		location cheyney 		state pa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://sshelco-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid cheyney 		scope alma_scope 		 		id oclc-pdc 		name community college of philadelphia 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://ccp.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		# this is the same as butler county fls at this point, but keeping 		# at least for now for back-compatibility. change this when you change that. 		id oclc-pacpl 		name cranberry public library 		location cranberry township, butler county 		state pa 		baseurl https://bcfls.tlcdelivers.com/ 		cattype ls pac 		filters s 		 		id oclc-l@l 		name cumberland county library system 		location cumberland county and shippensburg area school district 		state pa 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://catalog.cumberlandcountylibraries.org/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-hbp 		name dauphin county library system 		location harrisburg and vicinity 		state pa 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://dcls-mt.iii.com/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-del 		name delaware county library system 		location public libraries in delaware county 		state pa 		baseurl http://charlotte.delco.lib.pa.us 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-dkc 		name dickinson college, waidner-spahr library 		location carlisle 		state pa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://dickinson.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid dickinson_inst:dickinson 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-dxu 		name drexel university libraries 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype summon 		baseurl https://drexel.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-cpl 		name einetwork 		location carnegie library of pittsburgh, and allegheny county libraries 		state pa 		baseurl http://catalog.einetwork.net 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-epl 		name erie county public libraries 		location erie and vicinity 		state pa 		baseurl https://catalog.erielibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-pgc 		name geneva college 		location beaver falls 		state pa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://sshelco-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid geneva 		scope alma_scope 		 		id oclc-hvc 		name haverford college 		location haverford 		state pa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://tripod.haverford.edu 		vid tri_inst:hc 		scope hc_all 		 		id oclc-qqr 		name historical society of pennsylvania 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype vufind 		baseurl http://discover.hsp.org 		 		id oclc-hfc 		name holy family university 		location philadelphia, newtown, and bensalem 		state pa 		baseurl https://holyfamily.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		filters s 		 		id oclc-kol 		name king's college 		location wilkes-barre 		state pa 		baseurl http://pac.kings.edu/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		# using the main scranton library's id for this 		id oclc-scr 		name lackawanna county library system 		location scranton and vicinity 		state pa 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://lackawanna.sparkpa.org/eg/opac 		 		id oclc-laf 		name lafayette college 		location easton 		state pa 		baseurl http://libcat.lafayette.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-las 		name la salle university, connelly library 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://lasalle.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-aox 		name library company of philadelphia 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype aleph 		baseurl http://pacscl.exlibrisgroup.com: 		tindex wti 		 		id oclc-lkc 		name library system of lancaster county 		location lancaster and vicinity 		state pa 		baseurl http://catalog.lancasterlibraries.org 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-lclxp 		name luzerne county library system 		location wilkes-barre, hazleton, and vicinity 		state pa 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://luzerne.ent.sirsi.net 		 		# id is for norristown 		id oclc-mnl 		name mclinc 		location montgomery county public libraries 		state pa 		baseurl http://mclinc.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cmz 		name misericordia university 		location dallas 		state pa 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://comi.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-evi 		name muhlenberg college, trexler library 		location allentown 		state pa 		baseurl https://muhlenberg.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-c f 		name othmer library of chemical history 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		baseurl http://othmerlib.sciencehistory.org/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-upm 		name penn state university libraries 		location university park, and other campuses 		state pa 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://psu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		# id below is for community library of western perry county 		# (there doesn't appear to be one for the group as a whole) 		id oclc-pacwp 		name public libraries of perry county 		location perry county 		state pa 		baseurl http://library.pecoinfo.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-lyu 		name lehigh university 		location bethlehem 		state pa 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://library.lehigh.edu/asa . 		 		id oclc-lzu 		name lincoln university 		location lincoln university, chester county 		state pa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://sshelco-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid lincolnu 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-rob 		name robert morris university 		location moon township 		state pa 		baseurl https://robertmorrisuniversity.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-psc 		name swarthmore college 		location swarthmore 		state pa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://tripod.swarthmore.edu 		vid tri_inst:sc 		scope sc_all 		 		# temple now has their own bento search 		id oclc-teu 		name temple university libraries 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		keyurl https://librarysearch.temple.edu/everything?q=${arg} 		 		# penn libraries' search syntax is in flux with new system 		# for now, we'll cut back to keyword search only 		# and blackligt catalog author search for author queries (syntax may change) 		# before (and in the future?), subject and keyword searches 		# used franklin-summon discovery and other searches used regular franklin 		id oclc-pau 		name university of pennsylvania libraries 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		iprange . . . / | . . . / | . . . / | . . . / 		baseurl https://franklin.library.upenn.edu 		auturl ${baseurl}/catalog?search_field=author_search&q=${arg} 		keyurl ${baseurl}/bento?q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-pit 		name university of pittsburgh 		location pittsburgh and other campuses 		state pa 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://pitt.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-sru 		name university of scranton, weinberg memorial library 		location scranton 		state pa 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.scranton.edu/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-plf 		name free library of philadelphia 		location philadelphia 		state pa 		cattype vufind 		baseurl http://know.freelibrary.org/vufind 		 		id oclc-urs 		name ursinus college 		location collegeville 		state pa 		baseurl https://ursinuscollege.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-pvu 		name villanova university 		location villanova 		state pa 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://library.villanova.edu/find/combined/results 		 		id oclc-qwc 		name west chester university 		location west chester 		state pa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl https://sshelco-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wchester 		lcode sshelco_wchester 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-mpl 		name westmoreland library network 		location public libraries in westmoreland county 		state pa 		baseurl http://catalog.wlnonline.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-pylco 		name york county libraries 		location york and vicinity 		state pa 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		baseurl http://york.sparkpa.org/eg/opac 		 		id oclc-prpru 		name universidad de puerto rico 		location san juan and other campuses 		state pr 		cattype ipac 		baseurl http://uprhip.upr.edu: 		sindex .sw 		 		# brown now has a custom search; not clear if you can limit to fields 		id oclc-rbn 		name brown university library 		location providence 		state ri 		baseurl https://search.library.brown.edu/ 		keyurl ${baseurl}?q=${arg} 		 		id oclc-ccw 		name community college of rhode island 		location warwick and other campuses 		state ri 		baseurl https://ccri.on.worldcat.org/external-search?databaselist= &scope=my_libraries&querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-riosl 		name ocean state libraries 		location public libraries across the state 		state ri 		baseurl http://encore.oslri.net/iii/encore 		cattype encore 		 		id oclc-prc 		name providence college 		location providence 		state ri 		baseurl https://providencecollege.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-zke 		name allen university 		location columbia 		state sc 		baseurl http://a .eos-intl.net/a /opac/search/advancedsearch.aspx 		cattype eosweb 		default http://www.allenuniversity.edu/academics/library/ 		 		id oclc-sal 		name anderson county library system 		location anderson and vicinity 		state sc 		baseurl https://sclends.lib.sc.us/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-bdc 		name benedict college 		location columbia 		state sc 		baseurl http://alpsc .state.sc.us/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id charleston 		name charleston county public library 		location charleston and vicinity 		state sc 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://catalog.ccpl.org 		 		id oclc-sea 		name clemson university libraries 		location clemson 		state sc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://clemson.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-zkj 		name coastal carolina university 		location conway 		state sc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-sfm 		name francis marion university 		location florence 		state sc 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-sfu 		name furman university libraries 		location greenville 		state sc 		baseurl http://alcuin.furman.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-sgr 		name greenville county library system 		location greenville and vicinity 		state sc 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.greenvillelibrary.org/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-src 		name richland library 		location columbia and richland county 		state sc 		baseurl http://www.richlandlibrary.com 		keyurl ${baseurl}/catalog?q=${arg:n} 		 		id sclends 		name sc lends 		location library systems around sc with shared lending 		state sc 		baseurl https://sclends.lib.sc.us/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-spl 		name spartanburg county public libraries 		location spartanburg and vicinity 		state sc 		baseurl http://catalog.infodepot.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-szr 		name university of south carolina 		location columbia and other campuses 		state sc 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://libcore.csd.sc.edu/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-vcm 		name voorhees college 		location denmark 		state sc 		baseurl http://alpsc .state.sc.us/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-spw 		name wofford college 		location spartanburg 		state sc 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://wofford.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-rcp 		name rapid city public library 		location rapid city and pennington county 		state sd 		cattype koha 		baseurl http://catalog.rapidcitylibrary.org 		 		id oclc-zr 		name rawlins municipal library 		location pierre 		state sd 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl https://rawlinslibrarysd.booksys.net/opac/rawl/index.html#search: 		filters n 		 		# https://sdsl.agshareit.com/home?cid=sdsl&lid=sdsil 		id oclc-sdsdl 		name south dakota share-it 		location various libraries throughout the state 		state sd 		cattype verso 		lcode sdsil 		cid sdsl 		baseurl https://sdsl.agshareit.com 		 		id oclc-sdb 		name south dakota state university 		location brookings 		state sd 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://sdstate-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid sdbor_sdb 		lcode sdb 		scope everything 		 		id americanbaptist 		name american baptist college 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl http://abcnash.booksys.net/opac/abcnash/index.html#search: 		 		id oclc-tpa 		name austin peay state university 		location clarksville 		state tn 		baseurl http://iiiserver.lib.apsu.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-tbc 		name belmont university 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://belmont.summon.serialssolutions.com 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://primo-pmtna .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=everything&vid= belmont_inst_v & 		 		id oclc-tch 		name chattanooga public library 		location chattanooga 		state tn 		baseurl http://chattanooga.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-cmcpl 		name clarksville-montgomery county public library 		location clarksville and vicinity 		state tn 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://cmc-websvr.clarksville.org: / 		filters s 		 		id lannom 		name coffee county lannom library 		location tullahoma 		state tn 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://cocl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/lannom 		 		# east tennessee now seems to have its own custom search 		id oclc-tet 		name east tennessee state university 		location johnson city 		state tn 		baseurl http://libraries.etsu.edu 		keyurl ${baseurl}/search/?query=${arg:nk} 		 		id oclc-fsk 		name fisk university 		location nashville 		state tn 		baseurl http://library.fisk.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-tnhrd 		name hardin county public library 		location savannah 		state tn 		cattype verso 		baseurl http://tenv.agverso.com 		cid tenv 		lcode hardin 		 		id oclc-tkl 		name knox county public library 		location knoxville and vicinity 		state tn 		baseurl https://cat.knoxlib.org/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsiid 		user user 		 		id oclc-loc 		name lemoyne-owen college 		location memphis 		state tn 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://loc.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-tnlpl 		name rutherford county library system 		location murfreesboro and vicinity 		state tn 		baseurl http:// . . . /uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-tmn 		name memphis public library and information center 		location memphis 		state tn 		cattype sirsient-old 		baseurl https://mpub.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-txm 		name middle tennessee state university 		location murfreesboro 		state tn 		baseurl http://library .mtsu.edu 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-tnn 		name nashville public library 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl http://catalog.library.nashville.org/union/search 		default http://www.library.nashville.org/ 		 		# reclaimed from other ne tn consortium, also w/o oclc id, whose catalog's gone 		id netconsortium 		name organization of watauga libraries 		location public libraries in tri-cities area, ne tennessee 		state tn 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://owl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/owl 		 		id oclc-tws 		name rhodes college 		location memphis 		state tn 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://rhodescollege.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		 		id oclc-blueg 		name tennessee state library and archives 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://tnsla.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/tnslapublic 		 		id oclc-tsu 		name tennessee state university 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-ttu 		name tennessee tech university 		location cookeville 		state tn 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://tntec-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=default_scope&vid= tntech_default& 		 		id oclc-tma 		name university of memphis 		location memphis 		state tn 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-tkn 		name university of tennessee 		location knoxville 		state tn 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://utk.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid utn_knoxville: utk 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-tuc 		name university of tennessee chattanooga 		location chattanooga 		state tn 		baseurl https://utc.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-tjc 		name vanderbilt university 		location nashville 		state tn 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://catalog.library.vanderbilt.edu/discovery/search?institution= van_inst&vid= van_inst:vanui&tab=everything&search_scope=myinst_and_ci& 		 		id oclc-tvs 		name volunteer state community college 		location gallatin 		state tn 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://volstate-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=default_scope&vid= vscc_default& 		 		# oclc registry associates this id with "dekalb", but gives this system's url 		id oclc-tnwil 		name williamson county public library 		location franklin and vicinity 		state tn 		baseurl https://wilco.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc- ar 		name arlington public library 		location arlington 		state tx 		baseurl http://polarisweb.arlingtonlibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-iau 		name austin college, abell library center 		location sherman 		state tx 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://austincollege.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		 		id oclc-txg 		name austin public library 		location austin 		state tx 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://austin.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-iyu 		name baylor university 		location waco 		state tx 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://baylor.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid bul_inst:baylor 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-txlap 		name belton lena armstrong public library 		location belton 		state tx 		cattype apollo 		baseurl http://belton.biblionix.com/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-cca 		name corpus christi public libraries 		location corpus christi 		state tx 		baseurl http://elibrary.cclibraries.com 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-iga 		name dallas public library 		location dallas 		state tx 		baseurl http://catalog.dallaslibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-qs 		name denton public library 		location denton 		state tx 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://denton.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-txdri 		name dripping springs community library 		location dripping springs 		state tx 		cattype apollo 		baseurl https://drippingsprings.biblionix.com/catalog/ 		filters s 		 		id oclc-txp 		name el paso public library 		location el paso 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://elpasopl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-ftx 		name fort bend county libraries 		location richmond, sugar land, and vicinity 		state tx 		baseurl http://catalog.fortbend.lib.tx.us/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-aph 		name fort hood, casey memorial library 		location fort hood 		state tx 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl https://mwrlibrary.armybiznet.com 		lcode 		 		id oclc-ifa 		name fort worth library 		location fort worth 		state tx 		baseurl http://fwmlc.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-ht-sharp 		wcrid 		name harris county public library 		location houston vicinity 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://hcpl .ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/webcat 		 		id oclc-t l 		name helen hall library 		location league city 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://hhal.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc-txn 		name houston public library 		location houston 		state tx 		baseurl https://halan.sdp.sirsi.net 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/hou 		 		id oclc-htc 		name huston-tillotson university 		location austin 		state tx 		cattype worldcat-config 		baseurl https://huston.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		 		id oclc-ijc 		name irving public library 		location irving 		state tx 		baseurl http://irving.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-txkau 		name kaufman county library 		location kaufman 		state tx 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl http://kaufmancpltx.booksys.net/opac/kcpl/index.html?mode=start#search: 		filters n 		 		id oclc-db-dollar 		name laredo public library 		location laredo 		state tx 		cattype ipac 		baseurl http://lpl.ipac.sirsidynix.net 		sindex .sw 		 		id oclc-txl 		name lubbock public library 		location lubbock 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://lubb.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-lpz 		name lunar and planetary institute library 		location houston 		state tx 		baseurl http://t .eos-intl.net/t /opac/search/advancedsearch.aspx 		cattype eosweb 		 		id oclc-tme 		name mcallen public library 		location mcallen 		state tx 		cattype ls pac-config 		config mcallen 		baseurl https://hcls.tlcdelivers.com/ 		 		id oclc-m-dollar-k 		name mckinney public library system 		location mckinney 		state tx 		baseurl https://ipac.mckinneytexas.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-qs 		name montgomery county memorial library system 		location montgomery county 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://hcpl .ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/mcmlweb 		 		id oclc-nm-dollar 		name nicholson memorial library system 		location garland 		state tx 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://nm.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-acnlc 		name northeast lakeview college 		location universal city 		state tx 		baseurl https://nlclibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-n-dollar-v 		name northwest vista college 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl https://nvclibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-txpal 		name palacios library 		location palacios and blessing 		state tx 		cattype atriuum 		baseurl http://palacioslibrary.booksys.net/opac/palacios/index.html?mode=main#search: 		 		id oclc-poa 		name palo alto college 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl https://paclibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-pqc 		name paul quinn college, zale library 		location dallas 		state tx 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://voyager.pqc.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-pls 		name plano public library system 		location plano 		state tx 		baseurl http://polaris.plano.gov/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-pva 		name prairie view a&amp;m university 		location prairie view 		state tx 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://onesearch-mypanther-lib.pvamu.edu/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-rce 		name rice university 		location houston 		state tx 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://onesearch.library.rice.edu 		vid rice_inst:rice 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-qt 		name round rock public library 		location round rock 		state tx 		baseurl http://catalog.roundrocktexas.gov 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-snc 		name san antonio college 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl https://saclib.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-sap 		name san antonio public library 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl http://sapl.sat.lib.tx.us/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-tx 		name sekula memorial library 		location edinburg 		state tx 		cattype ls pac-config 		config edinburg 		baseurl https://hcls.tlcdelivers.com/ 		 		id oclc-snm 		name st. mary's university, louis j. blume library 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl http://regina.stmarytx.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-ssp 		name st. philip's college 		location san antonio 		state tx 		baseurl https://spclibrary.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-ism 		name southern methodist university 		location dallas 		state tx 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://smu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid smu_inst: smu 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-txk 		name stephen f. austin state university 		location nacogdoches 		state tx 		cattype vufindgeneral 		baseurl https://library.sfasu.edu/find/combined/results 		 		id oclc-txa 		name texas a&amp;m university libraries 		location college station 		state tx 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl https://libcat.tamu.edu/vwebv/search 		default https://library.tamu.edu/ 		 		id oclc-ttt 		name texas college 		location tyler 		state tx 		baseurl http://catalog.texascollege.edu: 		cattype ls pac-config 		 		id oclc-txt 		name texas southern university 		location houston 		state tx 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://txsouthern-voyager.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-ilu 		name texas tech university libraries 		location lubbock 		state tx 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://ttu-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope= ttu_al&vid= ttu& 		 		id oclc-iwu 		name texas woman's university 		location denton, dallas, and houston campuses 		state tx 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://primo-tc-na .hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?institution=txwu&search_scope=everything&vid=twu-a& 		 		id oclc-qt 		name tyler public library 		location tyler 		state tx 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://typl-mt.iii.com/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-uhc 		name uhcl neumann library 		location clear lake 		state tx 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uhcl.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-txh 		name university of houston libraries 		location houston, and other campuses 		state tx 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://uh.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid uho_inst:uhmain 		scope uhmain_everything 		 		id oclc-int 		name university of north texas 		location denton 		state tx 		baseurl http://iii.library.unt.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-ixa 		name university of texas libraries 		location austin 		state tx 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://utexas.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-tmb 		name university of texas medical branch 		location galveston 		state tx 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://thslc-utxmed.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid texashealth_utxmed:utmb_inst 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-txw 		name waco-mcclennan county library 		location waco 		state tx 		baseurl http://waco.polarislibrary.com/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-wyc 		name wiley college 		location marshall 		state tx 		baseurl http://twc.wileyc.edu: 		cattype ls pac 		filters s 		 		# byu seems to be using custom interface 		# doesn't seem to like -- subdivisions or authors with years 		id oclc-uby 		name brigham young university 		location provo 		state ut 		baseurl https://search.lib.byu.edu/byu/search 		suburl ${baseurl}?f =subject&o =contains&set=all&q =${arg:nk} 		auturl ${baseurl}?f =creator&o =contains&set=all&q =${arg:s} 		titurl ${baseurl}?f =title&o =contains&set=all&q =${arg} 		keyurl ${baseurl}?set=all&q =${arg} 		 		id oclc-uup 		name the city library 		location salt lake city 		state ut 		baseurl https://catalog.slcpl.org 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-utd 		name davis county library 		location northern suburbs of salt lake city 		state ut 		baseurl https://dcll.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		cattype sirsient 		 		id oclc-rb 		name orem public library 		location orem 		state ut 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://orem.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc- up 		name provo library 		location provo 		state ut 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/pl 		baseurl https://provo.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-utt 		name salt lake community college 		location salt lake city and vicinity 		state ut 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://libcat.slcc.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		 		id oclc-uum 		name university of utah 		location salt lake city 		state ut 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://utah-primoprod.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=everything&vid=utah& 		default http://www.lib.utah.edu/ 		 		id oclc-uus 		name utah state university 		location logan and other campuses 		state ut 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://discover.lib.usu.edu/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-uv-dollar 		name utah valley university 		location orem 		state ut 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-uwb 		name washington county library system 		location st. george and vicinity 		state ut 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl http://folio.washco.utah.gov 		 		id oclc-utw 		name weber county library 		location ogden and vicinity 		state ut 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://encore.weberpl.lib.ut.us/iii/encore 		 		id oclc-uuo 		name weber state university, stewart library 		location ogden 		state ut 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://weber.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-vax 		name alexandria library 		location alexandria 		state va 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://alxndria.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/home 		 		id oclc-via 		name arlington public library 		location arlington 		state va 		cattype vufind 		baseurl https://libcat.arlingtonva.us/union 		 		id oclc-vabcp 		name bland county public library 		location bland 		state va 		cattype ls pac-config 		config ysm 		baseurl https://bland.tlcdelivers.com: / 		 		id oclc-rr 		name central rappahannock regional library 		location fredericksburg and vicinity; westmoreland county 		state va 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://librarypoint.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-pcx 		name chesterfield county public library 		location chesterfield county 		state va 		cattype encore 		baseurl http://ccpl-discover.chesterfield.gov/iii/encore 		 		id oclc- ax 		name fairfax county public library 		location fairfax county 		state va 		baseurl https://fcplcat.fairfaxcounty.gov 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-vgm 		name george mason university 		location fairfax and other campuses 		state va 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wrlc-gm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wrlc_gml: wrlc_gml 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-vhi 		name hampton university, harvey library 		location hampton 		state va 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://hamptonu.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id oclc-vhc 		name hollins university 		location roanoke 		state va 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://hollins-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?search_scope=default-scope&vid= hollins& 		 		id oclc-vmc 		name james madison university 		location harrisonburg 		state va 		baseurl https://search.lib.jmu.edu 		cattype primo-ve 		vid jmu_inst: jmu 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		# looks like they have their own special search box 		# that doesn't handle fields or punctuation well 		id oclc-vlb 		name liberty university 		location lynchburg 		state va 		keyurl http://www.liberty.edu/library/search-results/?type=all&q=${arg:nk} 		 		id oclc-axj 		name loudoun county public library 		location leesburg and vicinity 		state va 		baseurl https://catalog.library.loudoun.gov 		cattype ls pac 		 		id oclc-peq 		name newport news public library 		location newport news 		state va 		baseurl http://www.newportnewslib.org: 		cattype chamo 		filters s 		 		id oclc-twe 		name norfolk public library 		location norfolk 		state va 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://nfpl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-vns 		name norfolk state university, lyman beecher brooks library 		location norfolk 		state va 		baseurl http://library.nsu.edu 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-van 		name northern virginia community college 		location virginia suburbs of washington, dc 		state va 		cattype primo-justquery 		baseurl https://vcc-nvc-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/search?institution=nvcc&vid=nvcc&search_scope=everything& 		 		id oclc-vrp 		name richmond public library 		location richmond 		state va 		baseurl http://ibistro.ci.richmond.va.us/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-rvlod 		name roanoke valley libraries 		location roanoke, salem, and vicinity 		state va 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://rvl.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-va@ 		wcrid 		name university of virginia library 		location charlottesville 		state va 		baseurl http://search.lib.virginia.edu/catalog?portal=all&catalog_select=all& 		cattype blacklight-custom 		filters nk 		 		# didn't find an id for vlc or augusta as a whole, so using staunton's id 		id oclc-pfx 		name valley libraries connection 		location augusta county, staunton, and waynesboro public libraries 		state va 		baseurl https://tlcweb.valleylibraries.org: 		cattype ls pac 		 		id oclc-vpl 		name virginia beach public library 		location virginia beach 		state va 		baseurl https://vbplcat.vbgov.com/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-vrc 		name virginia commonwealth university 		location richmond 		state va 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://search.library.vcu.edu 		vid vcu 		lcode vcu 		scope all_scope 		default http://www.library.vcu.edu/ 		 		id oclc-vsc 		name virginia state university 		location petersburg 		state va 		lcode s 		cattype eds 		 		id oclc-vpi 		name virginia tech 		location blacksburg 		state va 		baseurl https://virginiatech.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-vuu 		name virginia union university 		location richmond 		state va 		baseurl http://vauu.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi 		cattype sirsi 		 		id oclc-vlw 		name washington and lee university 		location lexington 		state va 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://wlu.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid wlu_inst: wlu 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-vzd 		name university of the virgin islands 		location st. thomas and st. croix 		state vi 		cattype sirsient-old 		baseurl http://uvi.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-bnt 		name bennington college 		location bennington 		state vt 		baseurl http://library.bennington.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-vtbfl 		name bennington free library 		location bennington 		state vt 		baseurl https://bennington.bywatersolutions.com 		cattype koha-group 		lcode vtbfl 		 		id oclc-bsy 		name brooks memorial library 		location brattleboro 		state vt 		baseurl https://catalog.brookslibraryvt.org 		cattype koha-group 		lcode brooksbrat 		 		id oclc-vtess 		name essex free library 		location essex 		state vt 		baseurl http://essexfreelibrary.kohavt.org 		cattype koha-group 		lcode vsq 		 		id oclc-f l 		name fletcher free library 		location burlington 		state vt 		baseurl http://ffl.polarislibrary.com 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-mdy 		name middlebury college 		location middlebury 		state vt 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 		id oclc-rut 		name rutland free library 		location rutland 		state vt 		baseurl http://catalog.rutlandfree.org 		cattype koha 		 		id oclc-smd 		name saint michael's college 		location colchester 		state vt 		cattype voyager-vwebv 		baseurl http://voyager.smcvt.edu/vwebv/search 		 		id oclc-vtu 		name university of vermont 		location burlington 		state vt 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://primo.uvm.edu 		lcode und 		vid uvm 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-blp 		name bellingham public library 		location bellingham 		state wa 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://bellingham.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-bgton 		name burlington public library 		location burlington 		state wa 		baseurl http://burlington.skagitcat.org/eg/opac 		cattype evergreen-dynamic 		lcode 		 		id oclc-cwu 		name central washington university 		location ellensburg and other campuses 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://searchlib.cwu.edu 		lcode cwu 		vid cwu 		scope cwu_alma 		 		id oclc-ccv 		name clark college 		location vancouver 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode cc 		vid cc 		scope cc_alma 		 		id oclc-xtq 		name columbia basin college 		location pasco 		state wa 		baseurl https://colbasin.kohalibrary.com/app/search/ 		cattype koha-app 		 		id oclc-wea 		name eastern washington university 		location cheney and spokane 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://libsearch.ewu.edu 		state wa 		vid ewu 		lcode ewu 		loc adaptor,scope:(ewu),scope:(ewu_riverpoint),scope:(ewu_cr),scope:(p),scope:(e-ewu),primo_central_multiple_fe 		 		id oclc-ev 		name everett community college 		location everett 		state wa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://sbctc-everettcc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid statewa_everett:everett 		scope myinstitution 		 		id oclc-esr 		name evergreen state college 		location olympia 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode alliance_evsc 		vid evsc 		scope tesc_alma_summit 		 		id oclc-fskgl 		name fiske genealogical library 		location seattle 		state wa 		baseurl https://fiske.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc- ye 		name fort vancouver regional library district 		location vancouver and vicinity 		state wa 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://fvrl.ent.sirsi.net 		lcode en_us/catalog 		 		id oclc-wug 		name gonzaga university 		location spokane 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://win-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode foley 		vid foley 		scope foley_everything 		 		id oclc-hnw 		name hurst library, northwest university 		location kirkland 		state wa 		baseurl https://nu.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		# arbitrarily chose id of renton (a kcls library; no overall id found) 		id oclc-z 		name king county library system 		location libraries near seattle 		state wa 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://kcls.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-yeq 		name kitsap regional library 		location kitsap county 		state wa 		baseurl http://catalog.krl.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-avw 		name lewis-mcchord libraries 		location joint base lewis-mcchord 		state wa 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		baseurl https://mwrlibrary.armybiznet.com 		lcode 		 		id oclc-lzs 		name libraries of stevens county 		location stevens county 		state wa 		baseurl http://catalog.thelosc.org: / 		cattype ls pac-config 		config default 		filters s 		 		id oclc-aa 		name mount vernon city library 		location mount vernon 		state wa 		baseurl https://mvern.ipac.sirsidynix.net 		cattype ipac 		profile mv 		 		id oclc-noq 		name north olympic library system 		location port angeles, forks, sequim, clallam bay 		state wa 		baseurl http://pac.nols.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		filters n 		 		id oclc-z 		name olympic college 		location bremerton 		state wa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://sbctc-olympic.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid statewa_olympic:olympic 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-opv 		name pacific lutheran university 		location tacoma 		state wa 		baseurl https://plu.on.worldcat.org/search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-rls 		name pierce county library system 		location rural and suburban pierce county 		state wa 		baseurl https://polariscatalog.piercecountylibrary.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-z 		name puyallup public library 		location puyallup 		state wa 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://puyal.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-uok 		name seattle public library 		location seattle 		state wa 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://seattle.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-oem 		name sno-isle libraries 		location snohomish and island counties 		state wa 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://sno-isle.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-uag 		name spokane public library 		location spokane 		state wa 		baseurl http://hzportal.spokanelibrary.org 		cattype ipac 		 		id oclc-taw 		name tacoma public library 		location tacoma 		state wa 		cattype bibliocommons 		baseurl https://tacoma.bibliocommons.com 		 		id oclc-uoj 		name timberland regional library 		location grays harbor, lewis, mason, pacific, and thurston counties 		state wa 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://search.trl.org 		 		id oclc-upp 		name university of puget sound 		location tacoma 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://alliance-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		lcode upugs 		vid upugs 		scope everything 		 		id oclc-wau 		name university of washington 		location seattle 		state wa 		baseurl https://uwashington.worldcat.org/search 		cattype worldcat 		 		id oclc-wsubl 		name washington state university 		location pullman and other campuses 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://searchit.libraries.wsu.edu 		lcode wsu 		vid wsu 		scope wsu_everything 		 		id oclc-xff 		name western washington university 		location bellingham 		state wa 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://onesearch.library.wwu.edu 		lcode wwu 		vid wwu 		scope all 		 		id oclc-wc 		name whatcom community college 		location bellingham 		state wa 		cattype primo-ve 		baseurl https://sbctc-whatcomctc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid statewa_whatcc:whatcom& 		scope myinst_and_ci 		 		id oclc-yvr 		name yakima valley libraries 		location yakima county 		state wa 		baseurl http://catalog.yvl.org/polaris 		cattype polaris 		 		id oclc-wbl 		name bluefield state college, wendell g. hardway library 		location bluefield 		state wv 		baseurl http://catalog .mln.lib.wv.us 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc- wv 		name kanawha county public library 		location charleston and vicinity 		state wv 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://kana.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-ue 		name martinsburg-berkeley county public libraries 		location martinsburg and vicinity 		state wv 		baseurl http://mbcpl.tlcdelivers.com: / 		cattype ls pac-config 		config mbcpl 		filters s 		 		# they don't seem to be in worldcat registry 		id morgancounty 		name morgan county public library 		location berkeley springs 		state wv 		baseurl http://mbcpl.tlcdelivers.com: / 		cattype ls pac-config 		config ysm 		filters s 		 		id oclc-norln 		name northern library network 		location public libraries in northern west virginia counties 		state wv 		baseurl https://nlnapp.clark.lib.wv.us 		cattype innopac 		 		id oclc-oc 		name ohio county public library 		location wheeling 		state wv 		cattype ls pac 		baseurl http://tlc.ohiocountylibrary.org: 		filters snk 		 		id oclc-wvs 		name scarborough library, shepherd university 		location shepherdstown 		state wv 		baseurl https://shepherd.on.worldcat.org/external-search?querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		id oclc-wvq 		name west virginia wesleyan college 		location buckhannon 		state wv 		baseurl http://aca.iii.com/ 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-wv 		name west virginia state university 		location institute 		state wv 		baseurl http://library.wvstateu.edu: 		cattype chamo 		filters s 		 		id oclc-wvu 		name west virginia university 		location morgantown 		state wv 		baseurl https://libwvu.on.worldcat.org/search?scope=wz: &querystring 		cattype worldcat-config 		 		# no id for system as a whole; using id for cabell county pl 		id oclc-rn 		name western counties regional library system 		location cabell, lincoln, logan, mingo, putnam, and wayne counties 		state wv 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/cabell 		baseurl https://cabe.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-gzg 		name brown county library 		location green bay and vicinity 		state wi 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/home 		baseurl https://brown.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-wiw 		name marathon county public library 		location wausau and vicinity 		state wi 		baseurl http://vcat.wvls.org 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		id oclc-gzq 		name marquette university libraries 		location milwaukee 		state wi 		baseurl http://libus.csd.mu.edu 		cattype webpacpro 		 		id oclc-gzd 		name milwaukee county federated library system 		location milwaukee and vicinity 		state wi 		baseurl http://countycat.mcfls.org 		cattype iii-consortium-member 		lcode 		 		# didn't find a symbol for all of share; this one is for lakeshores 		id oclc-wir 		name share consortium 		location arrowhead, lakeshores, and kenosha county libraries 		state wi 		cattype sirsient 		baseurl https://ent.sharelibraries.info 		lcode en_us/default 		 		id oclc- nk 		name south central library system: linkcat 		location madison and other south-central wisconsin libraries 		state wi 		baseurl https://www.linkcat.info/app/search/ 		cattype koha-app 		 		id oclc-gzw 		name university of wisconsin green bay: cofrin library 		location green bay 		state wi 		cattype primodl-scope 		baseurl http://uw-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		vid gb 		lcode gb 		scope default_scope 		 		id oclc-gzm 		name university of wisconsin-madison libraries 		location madison 		state wi 		baseurl https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/catalog 		cattype blacklight-typeatfront 		 		id oclc-gzn 		name university of wisconsin-milwaukee libraries 		location milwaukee 		state wi 		cattype primodl-loc 		baseurl http://uw-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com 		loc adaptor,scope:(voyager),scope:(uwminds),scope:(mil_cdm),scope:(mil_bepress),scope:(uwdc),primo_central_multiple_fe 		vid mil 		lcode mil 		default http://www .uwm.edu/libraries/ 		 		id oclc-gzk 		name winnefox library system 		location public libraries in oshkosh and nearby counties 		state wi 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/default 		baseurl https://wlso.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-w a 		name albany county public library 		location laramie and vicinity 		state wy 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/albany 		baseurl https://wyld.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-w f 		name fremont county libraries 		location lander, riverton, and dubois 		state wy 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/frem 		baseurl https://wyld.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-wyl 		name laramie county library 		location cheyenne 		state wy 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/larm 		baseurl https://wyld.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc-cwf 		name natrona county public library 		location casper and vicinity 		state wy 		cattype sirsient 		lcode en_us/natr 		baseurl https://wyld.ent.sirsi.net 		 		id oclc- ji 		name university of wyoming 		location laramie 		state wy 		cattype summon 		baseurl http://uwyo.summon.serialssolutions.com 		 		id uzambialib 		name university of zambia 		location lusaka 		country zm 		cattype sirsi 		baseurl http://e-library.unza.zm/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe 		 		id oclc-w i 		name university of zimbabwe 		location harare 		country zw 		cattype eds 		lcode s 		 	 copy lines 	 copy permalink 	view git blame 	reference in new issue go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 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visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences none how about machine learning enhancing theses? hamlet is in alpha. things may change, break, or not make sense yet. please enjoy anyway - and check back for more fun stuff to come! hamlet how about machine learning enhancing theses? about recommendation engine given a thesis, find out which other theses are most conceptually similar. uploaded file oracle upload a .txt or .docx file and find out which (if any) theses are conceptually similar. your literature review buddy upload a .txt or .docx file and find out what works have been cited by conceptually similar theses. that's right: we do your lit review for you. 	 hamlet is a project by andromeda yelton. 	 code hosted with ♥ on github. 	 hamlet logo by krisztián mátyás used under the creative commons attribution license. evergreen ils – evergreen – open source library software skip to content 		 	 	 			 evergreen – open source library software 	 	 		 		 		 evergreen – open source library software 	about us 	overview 	annual reports 	f.a.q. 	evergreen event code of conduct 	software freedom conservancy 	project governance 	trademark policy 	documentation 	official documentation 	documentation interest group 	evergreen roadmap 	evergreen wiki 	tabular release notes 	get involved! 	get involved! 	committees & interest groups 	communications 	mailing lists 	irc 	calendar 	blog 	jobs 	proposed development projects 	merchandise 	t-shirts and more 	conference 	all conferences 	 evergreen international online conference 	 evergreen conference 	 evergreen conference 	event photography policy 	code of conduct 	downloads 	evergreen downloads 	opensrf downloads 			 		 	 	 	 		 		 evergreen downloads find download files, install steps, etc. learn more » documentation official documentation, dokuwiki, and other resources... learn more » get involved! mailing lists, irc, and more. come join our community! learn more » evergreen . . , . . , and . . released the evergreen release team is pleased to announce the availability of maintenance releases . . , . . , and . . . these releases include contributions from individuals from organizations: a true team effort. changelog and release notes, along with the releases themselves are available on the evergreen downloads page. many of these […] share this: 	facebook 	twitter 	more 	 	reddit 	linkedin 	 	pocket 	pinterest 	 	tumblr 	print 	 	 evergreen community spotlight: gina monti the evergreen outreach committee is pleased to announce that november’s community spotlight is gina monti, who is an evergreen systems specialist at bibliomation. gina is a newer member of the evergreen community but has jumped in with both feet! gina started at bibliomation in , having previously worked as a […] share this: 	facebook 	twitter 	more 	 	reddit 	linkedin 	 	pocket 	pinterest 	 	tumblr 	print 	 	 evergreen community spotlight: rogan hamby with apologies for the belated posting, the evergreen outreach committee is pleased to announce that october’s community spotlight is our very own outreach committee chair, rogan hamby. in his professional life, rogan is currently the project and data analyst at equinox open library initiative, where he does a little bit […] share this: 	facebook 	twitter 	more 	 	reddit 	linkedin 	 	pocket 	pinterest 	 	tumblr 	print 	 	 post navigation 	 ← older posts 		 		 		 					 												 							 																 										about evergreen 			this is the project site for evergreen, a highly-scalable software for libraries that helps library patrons find library materials, and helps libraries manage, catalog, and circulate those materials, no matter how large or complex the libraries. © - gpls and others. evergreen is open source software, freely licensed under gnu gplv or later. the evergreen project is a (c) nonprofit organization. 		 																							 						 							 																 										community links 	evergreen bug 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results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} mouse-reeve / bookwyrm 	 sponsor sponsor mouse-reeve/bookwyrm 	 watch 	 star 	 fork social reading and reviewing, decentralized with activitypub view license stars forks star watch 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 wiki 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 wiki 	 security 	 insights dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss main branches tags go to file code clone https github cli use git or checkout with svn using the web url. work fast with our official cli. learn more. 	 open with github desktop 	 download zip launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching xcode if nothing happens, download xcode and try again. go back launching visual studio if nothing happens, download the github extension for visual studio and try again. go back latest commit mouse-reeve adds migration for privacy field … a dec , adds migration for privacy field no actual change here, but it's a new field type a git stats 	 , commits files permalink failed to load latest commit information. type name latest commit message commit time .github     bookwyrm     celerywyrm     nginx     .coveragerc     .dockerignore     .env.example     .gitignore     code_of_conduct.md     dockerfile     license     readme.md     bw-dev     docker-compose.yml     fr-dev     manage.py     pytest.ini     requirements.txt     view code readme.md bookwyrm social reading and reviewing, decentralized with activitypub contents 	the overall idea 	what it is and isn't 	the role of federation 	features 	setting up the developer environment 	installing in production 	project structure 	book data 	contributing the overall idea what it is and isn't bookwyrm is a platform for social reading! you can use it to track what you're reading, review books, and follow your friends. it isn't primarily meant for cataloguing or as a datasource for books, but it does do both of those things to some degree. the role of federation bookwyrm is built on activitypub. with activitypub, it inter-operates with different instances of bookwyrm, and other activitypub compliant services, like mastodon and pixelfed. this means you can run an instance for your book club, and still follow your friend who posts on a server devoted to th century russian speculative fiction. it also means that your friend on mastodon can read and comment on a book review that you post on your bookwyrm instance. federation makes it possible to have small, self-determining communities, in contrast to the monolithic service you find on goodreads or twitter. an instance can be focused on a particular type of literature, be just for use by people who are in a book club together, or anything else that brings people together. each community can choose which other instances they want to federate with, and moderate and run their community autonomously. check out https://runyourown.social/ to get a sense of the philosophy and logistics behind small, high-trust social networks. features since the project is still in its early stages, not everything here is fully implemented. there is plenty of room for suggestions and ideas. open an issue to get the conversation going! 	posting about books 	compose reviews, with or without ratings, which are aggregated in the book page 	compose other kinds of statuses about books, such as: 	comments on a book 	quotes or excerpts 	recommenations of other books 	reply to statuses 	aggregate reviews of a book across connected bookwyrm instances 	differentiate local and federated reviews and rating 	track reading activity 	shelve books on default "to-read," "currently reading," and "read" shelves 	create custom shelves 	store started reading/finished reading dates 	update followers about reading activity (optionally, and with granular privacy controls) 	federation with activitypub 	broadcast and receive user statuses and activity 	broadcast copies of books that can be used as canonical data sources 	identify shared books across instances and aggregate related content 	follow and interact with users across bookwyrm instances 	inter-operate with non-bookwyrm activitypub services 	granular privacy controls 	local-only, followers-only, and public posting 	option for users to manually approve followers 	allow blocking and flagging for moderation 	control which instances you want to federate with setting up the developer environment set up the environment file: cp .env.example .env for most testing, you'll want to use ngrok. remember to set the domain in .env to your ngrok domain. you'll have to install the docker and docker-compose. when you're ready, run: docker-compose build docker-compose run --rm web python manage.py migrate docker-compose run --rm web python manage.py initdb once the build is complete, you can access the instance at localhost: installing in production this project is still young and isn't, at the momoment, very stable, so please procede with caution when running in production. server setup 	get a domain name and set up dns for your server 	set your server up with appropriate firewalls for running a web application (this instruction set is tested again ubuntu . ) 	set up a mailgun account and the appropriate dns settings 	install docker and docker-compose install and configure bookwyrm 	get the application code: git clone git@github.com:mouse-reeve/bookwyrm.git 	switch to the production branch git checkout production 	create your environment variables file cp .env.example .env 	add your domain, email address, mailgun credentials 	set a secure redis password and secret key 	update your nginx configuration in nginx/default.conf 	replace your-domain.com with your domain name 	run the application (this should also set up a certbot ssl cert for your domain) docker-compose up --build make sure all the images build successfully 	when docker has built successfully, stop the process with ctrl-c 	comment out the command: certonly... line in docker-compose.yml 	run docker-compose in the background docker-compose up -d 	initialize the database ./bw-dev initdb 	congrats! you did it, go to your domain and enjoy the fruits of your labors configure your instance 	register a user account in the applcation ui 	make your account a superuser (warning: do not use django's createsuperuser command) 	on your server, open the django shell ./bw-dev shell 	load your user and make it a superuser from bookwyrm import models user = models.user.objects.get(id= ) user.is_admin = true user.is_staff = true user.is_superuser = true user.save() 	go to the admin panel (/admin/bookwyrm/sitesettings/ /change on your domain) and set your instance name, description, code of conduct, and toggle whether registration is open on your instance project structure all the url routing is in bookwyrm/urls.py. this includes the application views (your home page, user page, book page, etc), application endpoints (things that happen when you click buttons), and federation api endpoints (inboxes, outboxes, webfinger, etc). the application views and actions are in bookwyrm/views.py. the internal actions call api handlers which deal with federating content. outgoing messages (any action done by a user that is federated out), as well as outboxes, live in bookwyrm/outgoing.py, and all handlers for incoming messages, as well as inboxes and webfinger, live in bookwyrm/incoming.py. connection to openlibrary.org to get book data is handled in bookwyrm/connectors/openlibrary.py. activitypub serialization is handled in the bookwyrm/activitypub/ directory. celery is used for background tasks, which includes receiving incoming activitypub activities, activitypub broadcasting, and external data import. the ui is all django templates because that is the default. you can replace it with a complex javascript framework over my dead body mild objections. book data the application is set up to get book data from arbitrary outside sources -- right now, it's only able to connect to openlibrary, but other connectors could be written. by default, a book is non-canonical copy of an openlibrary book, and will be updated with openlibrary if the data there changes. however, a book can edited and decoupled from its original data source, or added locally with no external data source. there are three concepts in the book data model: 	book, an abstract, high-level concept that could mean either a work or an edition. no data is saved as a book, it serves as shared model for work and edition 	work, the theoretical umbrella concept of a book that encompasses every edition of the book, and 	edition, a concrete, actually published version of a book whenever a user interacts with a book, they are interacting with a specific edition. every work has a default edition, but the user can select other editions. reviews aggregated for all editions of a work when you view an edition's page. contributing there are many ways you can contribute to this project! you are welcome and encouraged to create or contribute an issue to report a bug, request a feature, make a usability suggestion, or express a nebulous desire. if you'd like to add to the codebase, that's super rad and you should do it! at this point, there isn't a formalized process, but you can take a look at the open issues, or contact me directly and chat about it. about social reading and reviewing, decentralized with activitypub topics activitypub decentralization federation books reading resources readme license view license releases no releases published sponsor this project 	 patreon.com/bookwrym packages no packages published contributors 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 languages 	 python . % 	 html . % 	 other . % 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website functions, e.g. they're used to log you in. learn more always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences none erin white – library technology, ux, the web, bikes, #rva 	 		 																 				 			 				 			erin white 		 		library technology, ux, the web, bikes, #rva 									 							 				skip to content 														about 	cv, presentations, publications 				 			 		 			 	 	 	 		 						 				 	 							 				erinrwhite in libraries				 					 | 					may , 				 							 				 			trans-inclusive design at a list apart 		 	 	 	 		 						 			i am thrilled and terrified to say that i have an article on trans-inclusive design out on a list apart today. i have read a list apart for years and have always seen it as the site for folks who make websites, so it is an honor to be published there. 			 				 			 			 	 		 	 				 							may , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			coming out as nonbinary at work 		 	 	 	 		 			 			this week, after years of working at vcu libraries, i have been letting my colleagues know that i’m nonbinary. response from my boss, my team, and my colleagues has been so positive, and has made this process so incredibly easy. i didn’t really have a template for a coming-out message, so ended up writing […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries, life |		 							march , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			 errandonnee challenge: handled it 		 	 	 	 		 			 			after being foiled by a long trip last year, i got the chance to attempt the errandonnee challenge again this year (i attempted it in , too). the challenge: complete errands in days and ride or run a total of miles between march - , . fun twist: i was in philadelphia and bikeless […] 			 	 		 	 							in bikes, life, richmond |		 							march , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			what it means to stay 		 	 	 	 		 			 			seven years ago last month i interviewed for my job at vcu. i started work a few months later, assuming i’d stick around for a couple of years then move on to my next academic library job. instead i found myself signing closing papers on a house on my sixth work anniversary, having decided to […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries, life, richmond |		 							february , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			back-to-school mobile snapshot 		 	 	 	 		 			 			this week i took a look at mobile phone usage on the vcu libraries website for the first couple weeks of class and compared that to similar time periods from the past couple years. here’s some data from the first week of class through today. note that mobile is  . % of web traffic. to round […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries, projects |		 							september , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			recruiting web workers for your library 		 	 	 	 		 			 			in the past few years i’ve created a couple of part-time, then full-time, staff positions on the web team at vcu libraries. we now have a web designer and a web developer who’ve both been with us for a while, but for a few years it was a revolving door of hires. so let’s just say i’ve hired lots […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries |		 							august , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			easier access for databases and research guides at vcu libraries 		 	 	 	 		 			 			today vcu libraries launched a couple of new web tools that should make it easier for people to find or discover our library’s databases and research guides. this project’s goal was to help connect “hunters” to known databases and help “gatherers” explore new topic areas in databases and research guides . our web redesign task force […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries, projects |		 							january , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			 in review 		 	 	 	 		 			 			  was a big, brag-worthy year for me: started writing again (about bikes, natch). met my internet hero. ran a k, then a half-marathon. did some work and wrote about it (just on this blog, but a start). gave new grads some advice. created a code of conduct for the conference i help organize. rode my bike all […] 			 	 		 	 							in bikes, life |		 							january , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			gifs-mas in new york 		 	 	 	 		 			 			 			 	 		 	 							in life, projects |		 							december , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 				 	 						 			why this librarian supports the ada initiative 		 	 	 	 		 			 			this week the ada initiative is announcing a fundraising drive just for the library community. i’m pitching in, and i hope you will, too. the ada initiative’s mission is to increase the status and participation of women in open technology and culture. the organization holds adacamps, ally workshops for men, and impostor syndrome trainings; and […] 			 	 		 	 							in libraries |		 							september , 		 				 		 				 				 		 	 	 			 					 			post navigation 			 				 											← older posts 					 					 				 			 		 		 		 	 	 					categories categoriesselect category bikes conferences libraries life projects richmond 			archives 		archives 		select month may march march february september august january december september august may april march march february 		contact 			e-mail me follow @erinrwhite 			 	 		independent publisher empowered by wordpress	 	 notebooks/lastfm dissertation highlights.ipynb at master · edsu/notebooks · github skip to content sign up 	 why github? features → 	code review 	project management 	integrations 	actions 	packages 	security 	team management 	hosting 	mobile 	customer stories → 	security → 	 team 	 enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 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file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time . mb download sorry, something went wrong. reload? sorry, we cannot display this file. sorry, this file is invalid so it cannot be displayed. viewer requires iframe. go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use 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"outputcolumnheaders": false, 		 "outputblankrows": false, 		 "columns": [ 		 { 		 "name": "key", 		 "reconsettings": { 		 "output": "entity-name", 		 "blankunmatchedcells": false, 		 "linktoentitypages": true 		 }, 		 "datesettings": { 		 "format": "iso- ", 		 "uselocaltimezone": false, 		 "omittime": false 		 } 		 }, 		 { 		 "name": "organisation", 		 "reconsettings": { 		 "output": "entity-id", 		 "blankunmatchedcells": true, 		 "linktoentitypages": true 		 }, 		 "datesettings": { 		 "format": "iso- ", 		 "uselocaltimezone": true, 		 "omittime": true 		 } 		 } 		 ] 		} 	 copy lines 	 copy permalink 	view git blame 	reference in new issue go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party 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study spaces 	extended hours study space 	hours & location 	new: library policies for visitors technology & computing 	printing & scanning 	public computers visitor privileges & resources 	alumni resources 	library access 	online resource access shortcuts quick links 	clinicalkey 	ebook collections 	endnote support 	faqs 	galterguides 	nu print 	popular databases 	pubmed 	scopus 	student resources 	uptodate 	web of science more 	 home 	 digitalhub 	 metrics & impact 	 datalab 	 giving 	 site preferences 	 ask a librarian 	 my galter my galter × update: revised library hours, services & policy updates, and covid- research guide find borrow request / search tools / northwestern university libraries lcsh/mesh mapping project northwestern university libraries lcsh/mesh mapping project back to top pdf the lcsh/mesh mapping project was begun at northwestern university in and continues up to the present time. the goal of the project is to map corresponding lcsh and mesh headings and enter the mapping data into , , and linking entry fields in lcsh and mesh authority records. we envision a number of possible uses for the mapping data such as: 	in opacs the linking entry fields can be used to generate see also references between equivalent headings in the two systems. 	the mapping data can be used to assist catalogers in assigning subject headings, when only headings from one of the systems are present in a bibliographic record. 	the mapping data can be used by similar projects that are integrating multiple information languages, which need lcsh/mesh mapping data for their systems. the scope of the mapping is limited as follows: 	only topical headings are mapped. personal and corporate name headings, and geographic headings are not mapped. 	main heading/subheading combination headings are not mapped to corresponding main heading/subheading combinations. (e.g., the lcsh heading "cancer--treatment" is not mapped to its corresponding mesh heading "neoplasms--therapy".) on the other hand, main heading/subheading combinations are mapped to their corresponding mesh phrase headings. (e.g., the lcsh combination heading "kidneys--disease" is mapped to its corresponding phrase heading "kidney diseases".) the authority records with the mapping data are available for download from digitalhub, galter's institutional repository. there are two .zip files of authority records: one in marc binary format, and one in marc xml. all of the records are in the marc authority format. in addition to the , , and fields with the mapping data, the following local fields will be present in the authority records: 	 field: northwestern library management system record number 	 field: in some records a northwestern former library management system record number 	 fields: in mesh records with broader and narrower terms (generated from the mesh tree numbers) 	 field: in some records a local note the mapping data is kept current by staff of the galter health sciences library. they review the annual mesh additions, changes, and deletions, and the weekly lcsh additions, changes, and deletions, and update the mapping data as needed. for a complete description of the project and more details about the authority records, see the article by tony olson and gary strawn: "mapping the mesh and lcsh systems." information technology and libraries, ( ) (march ) p. - . although the authority records have been reviewed for accuracy, there may still be errors. also other users of these records may disagree with some of the mapping decisions that have been made. we welcome any questions, corrections, comments and suggestions for improvement. please contact tony olson, cataloging librarian, with your queries. back to top   updated: october , © northwestern university 	contact northwestern university 	careers 	disclaimer 	campus emergency information 	university policies northwestern university feinberg school of medicine giving 	 galter health sciences library & learning center 	 e. superior street, chicago, il 	 - - 	 contact us library hours 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 instagram 	home 	search 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github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} code lib / planetcode lib 	 watch 	 star 	 fork configuration for https://planet.code lib.org/ stars forks star watch 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master branch tags go to file code clone https github cli use git or checkout with svn using the web url. work fast with our official cli. learn more. 	 open with github desktop 	 download zip launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching github desktop if nothing happens, download github desktop and try again. go back launching xcode if nothing happens, download xcode and try again. go back launching visual studio if nothing happens, download the github extension for visual studio and try again. go back latest commit   git stats 	 commits files permalink failed to load latest commit information. type name latest commit message commit time themes     venus @ de     .gitignore     .gitmodules     readme.md     config.ini     test.ini     view code readme.md planet.code lib.org planet code lib aggregates feeds and blogs of interest to the code lib community. it uses planet venus. installation generally > git clone git@github.com:code lib/planetcode lib.git > cd planetcode lib > git submodule init > git submodule update > ./venus/planet.py --verbose the generated files will be in output/. to test it with one feed, run > ./venus/planet.py --verbose test.ini installation on the code lib.org server downloading and cloning is done over https so it's as generic as possible. no updates are to be made on the server; they should be made locally, pushed to github, then pulled down. > # become the c l user > cd /var/www/code lib.org/planet_new > git clone https://github.com/code lib/planetcode lib.git > cd planetcode lib > git submodule init > git submdule update > ./venus/planet.py --verbose --expunge to update: > # become the c l user > cd /var/www/code lib.org/planet_new/planetcode lib > git pull the relevant line in c l's crontab is: , * * * * cd /var/www/code lib.org/planet_new/planetcode lib; ./venus/planet.py --expunge >& adding (or removing) a feed additions are welcome! email william denton or submit a pull request modifying config.ini. if you're on the list but don't want to be, please do the same, and you'll be removed, no questions asked. about configuration for https://planet.code lib.org/ resources readme releases no releases published packages no packages published contributors 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 + contributors languages 	 xslt . % 	 css . % 	 html . % 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the bottom of the page. for more information, see our privacy statement. essential cookies we use essential cookies to perform essential website 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jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} edsu / inst 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master inst /modules/module- /readme.md go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) bytes raw blame welcome! welcome to introduction to digital curation. we are going to get started with a short exercise to get you familiar with some of the topics we will be talking about this semester and to illustrate some of the skills we will develop together. this assignment is not graded. the purpose is to give you a little taste of what we will be learning about this semester in introduction to digital curation. please download this file and answer any or all of the following if you can. do not worry if you can't, this is stuff we will be learning about over the next few months. 	what is the format of the file? 	what does the file contain? 	how would you use the file? 	where did the file come from? 	who created the information in the file? 	does it have a url? go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use 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enterprise 	 explore 	explore github → learn & contribute 	topics 	collections 	trending 	learning lab 	open source guides connect with others 	events 	community forum 	github education 	github stars program 	 marketplace 	 pricing plans → 	compare plans 	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} johnmarkockerbloom / ftl 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master ftl/data/localmap go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) bytes raw blame 		# local subject-lcsh correspondence file for forward to libraries service 		# ed. by john mark ockerbloom, university of pennsylvania 		# (contact details at everybodyslibraries.com) 		# this data file released to the world as cc 		# (though appropriate attribution appreciated) 		# format: library-code|local-subject|relationship|lc-subject 		# in this file, non-ascii characters are included literally (no entities) 		# last updated - - 		# 		# u-colorado boulder mappings based on https://www.colorado.edu/libraries/ / / /inclusive-spaces-and-practices 		oclc-cod|children of undocumented immigrants|<->|children of illegal aliens 		oclc-cod|immigrant detention centers|<->|alien detention centers 		oclc-cod|noncitizens|<->|aliens 		oclc-cod|undocumented immigrant children|<->|illegal alien children 		oclc-cod|undocumented immigrants|<->|illegal aliens 		oclc-cod|undocumented immigrants in literature|<->|illegal aliens in literature 		oclc-cod|women undocumented immigrants|<->|women illegal aliens 	 copy lines 	 copy permalink 	view git blame 	reference in new issue go 	© github, inc. 	terms 	privacy 	 cookie preferences 	security 	status 	help 	contact github 	pricing 	api 	training 	blog 	about you can’t perform that action at this time. you signed in with another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. you signed out in another tab or window. reload to refresh your session. we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. learn more. accept reject we use optional third-party analytics cookies to understand how you use github.com so we can build better products. you can always update your selection by clicking cookie preferences at the 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	contact sales 	nonprofit → 	education → 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 no suggested jump to results 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ 	 in this repository all github ↵ jump to ↵ sign in sign up {{ message }} edsu / inst 	 watch 	 star 	 fork 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights more 	 code 	 issues 	 pull requests 	 actions 	 projects 	 security 	 insights permalink dismiss join github today github is home to over million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. sign up github is where the world builds software millions of developers and companies build, ship, and maintain their software on github — the largest and most advanced development platform in the world. sign up for free dismiss master inst /modules/module- /notebook.ipynb go to file 	 go to file t 	 go to line l 	 	 copy path     cannot retrieve contributors at this time lines ( sloc) kb raw blame sorry, 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always active analytics cookies we use analytics cookies to understand how you use our websites so we can make them better, e.g. they're used to gather information about the pages you visit and how many clicks you need to accomplish a task. learn more accept reject save preferences none none who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 home 	 about 	 about the journal 	 editorial team 	 editorial policies 	 contact 	 author guidelines 	 content 	 articles 	 issue archive 	 special collections 	 books for review 	 research integrity \ log in log in don't have an account? register here log in with orcid -------------- or -------------- email/username: password: you can reset your password here log in register start submission become a reviewer reading: who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power ... share: download 	 pdf (en) 	 xml (en) a- a+ 	view harvard citation style 	view vancouver citation style 	view apa citation style alt. display special collection: open education and social justice articles who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer author: amy t. nusbaum washington state university, us x close abstract in many academic fields western/white/male/cishetero /abled perspectives are often centered, while other perspectives are presented as “other.” implicitly, this sends messages to students that success looks like one type of person, knowledge is generated in one kind of way, and their background is not worth being centered. while open educational resources (oer) are often marketed as a tool for social justice, due to their ability to neutralize class-based differences (e.g., okamoto ), there is no evidence that oer are any better than commercial texts at addressing issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion (see mishra for a discussion of context). however, oer do present a good opportunity for diversification, due to the relatively simple nature of updating the content. this project takes a crowdsourcing approach to diversify openstax psychology (openstax college ), an oer for introductory psychology courses. contributors were asked to read areas of the textbook they were comfortable with and make suggestions to diversify the content. the author then used some of the suggestions to create modified chapters and conducted a study investigating the impact of the revisions. participants read either the original chapter or the diversified chapter and completed a questionnaire assessing their sense of belongingness in the classroom/on campus. overall, first-generation students had a reduced sense of belonging related to their financial circumstances. however, this effect was ameliorated for first-generation students who read the diversified chapter, compared to those who read the original chapter. 	 keywords: open educational resources, diversity, equity, open pedagogy how to cite: nusbaum, a.t., . who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer. journal of interactive media in education, ( ), p. . doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. views downloads twitter   published on may peer reviewed  cc by .  accepted on  feb             submitted on  dec  introduction in terms of numbers, diversity in college student populations in the usa continues to grow. in students of color comprised . % of college students, compared to . % in (espinosa et al. ). there have also been increases in the percentages of low-income and very low-income students (chen & nunnery ), students identifying within the lgbtq* community (american college health association , ), and disabled students (newman et al. ). at a glance, these numbers suggest that higher education is a place where opportunities are available to all. however, it is also true that educational outcomes are typically lower for students who are marginalized in some way. black students have the highest college dropout rates and student loan burdens (american council on education ), disabled students complete post-secondary degrees at lower rates than their abled peers (sanford et al. ), and first-generation students drop out at rates more than twice that of students with college-educated parents (cataldi, bennett, & chen ). one hypothesized cause of these educational attainment gaps is lower levels of belonginess on campus for marginalized students. having a sense of belonging to the university community has been identified as a key factor in student retention for all types of students (o’keeffe ; davis et al. ) and is predictive of achievement for students of color (murphy & zirkel ). unfortunately, it is often more difficult for marginalized students, from various groups, to feel like they belong on their campuses. first-generation students report that they have more difficulty fitting in and making friends compared to their continuing-generation peers (pratt et al. ) and first-generation, black, and latinx students all report a lower sense of belonging among their peers as compared to white students (ribera, miller, & dumford ). thus, it should be a goal for universities to enhance the sense of belongingness on campus for marginalized students in order to increase their retention and graduation rates (and more generally improve the academic experience of these underserved students). while this belongingness gap is complex, one seemingly-simple way to help increase students’ sense-of-belonging (and thus their educational attainment) is to diversify the educational materials used in the classroom and help students see themselves reflected in their classes. in many academic fields, upper-class white men predominate in the textbooks, despite all fields having rich histories including people of color, white women, and other marginalized groups (apple & christian-smith ). diverse individuals tend not to be depicted as scientists (ceglie & olivares ), lgbtq* issues are underrepresented in history textbooks and ‘othered’ in human sexuality texts (höhne & heerdegen ; myerson et al. ), and light-skinned individuals are overrepresented in medical textbooks (louie & wilkes ). even when marginalized groups are represented, they tend to be ‘othered’ or presented in a context where they are seen as a problem (niehaus ). overall, white abled cishetero men tend to be overrepresented in educational materials, regardless of the specific discipline. this phenomenon also impacts how students view their career opportunities. for example, the “draw a scientist” paradigm asks participants to draw what they imagine a scientist looks like. across nearly all gender, age, socioeconomic, and racial/ethnic groups, the majority of people draw a white man when asked to do this task (finson ). as the saying goes, “you can’t be what you can’t see,” meaning students who do not see themselves represented in the scientific enterprise will not pursue careers in that domain. the stereotypical presentation of white men as scientists also affects how people comprehend the material in textbooks. good and colleagues ( ) found that girls who read chemistry textbooks with women scientists depicted in the images were better able to comprehend the material than girls who read text excerpts where the images were of male scientists. together, these findings suggest that adding more diverse representations of professionals to course materials could both increase the number of marginalized students who want to work in those fields and increase their ability to succeed by improving their knowledge and comprehension in those fields. this “white-washing” (to use a colloquial term, though the erasing of diversity is not limited to race/ethnicity) of educational materials can lead to a lack of student belonginess for marginalized students and a narrowing of their career prospects. however, despite its importance, it can be difficult to modify textbooks. most traditional textbooks go through a closed revision process, where people (typically experienced professionals in the field) must be invited to the process in order to contribute. given that most academic fields are not particularly diverse at their upper levels ( . % of full-time faculty in u.s. higher education institutions are white; smith, tovar, & garcía ), the limited number of people who can contribute to the textbook creation and modification process does not reflect the diversity of the students who will be using those materials, where nearly half are students of color (american council on education, ). beyond the authors, it is also the case that many repositories of photos which may be included in textbooks are heavily skewed towards white people (for a discussion, see blicher ), resulting in textbooks where photographs are overwhelmingly of white men (e.g., bush & mattox ). this also applies to other academic materials such as journals, where women are only % of corresponding authors and underrepresented in photographs such as those used in advertisements and stock photography (loverock & hart ). beyond these problems, the restrictive copyright licenses on these commercial texts do not allow for individual teachers to make modifications to the materials. while it is possible for instructors to add material when needed, it cannot be presented as a cohesive text or as a part of the core text. that is, it is clear to students when materials are added, which only further reinforces the idea that they are “other” if they are not of the majority. in this regard, open educational resources (oer) can offer a path-to-modification for instructors who are interested in effectively representing the diversity in their fields. oer are “teaching, learning and research materials in any medium – digital or otherwise – that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions” (united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization ). this means that any instructor who is using these texts can modify them to fit their local context, by adding examples, pictures, questions, and/or content that best reflect their students. due to their free availability, and thus power to equalize access to course materials, oer are often marketed as and assumed to be a tool for social justice (e.g., okamoto ). it is indeed notable that the people operating in the open educational space tend to be cognizant of issues of equity and inclusion due to their consideration of student financial problems, and there has been discussion of this in the literature. for example, willems and bossu ( ) discuss in-depth how oer may not be equitable as they relate to access to technology (i.e., not all students can readily access a computer to access their oer) and those learning in languages other than english. bossu et al. ( ) further describe how oer can and should emphasize diversity, saying, “diversity as a value in oer is an intentional and active embracement of difference” (p. ). thus in principle, oer should be more diverse than their commercial peers. however, there is no concrete evidence that oer are any better than commercial texts at addressing issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion (see mishra for a discussion of context). that is, while oer at their core are more democratic in nature than their lock-and-key commercial counterparts, they are not a magic bullet for the diversity problem of educational materials. bossu and colleagues ( ) suggest that open education as a field may have been so caught up in the inherent “goodness” of oer that practitioners and educators neglected to critically evaluate their true contribution to equity. they say, “is it possible that in the hype and promise surrounding oer practices and projects the aspects of diversity, inclusion and equity are not carefully interrogated and considered?” (p. ). it would appear that the power of oer lies not in the inherently independent nature of their creation, as this creation process can and often does continue to reinforce structural inequalities that exist in the wider educational world. however, there is power in the ability for individual people to modify the content in thoughtful ways to achieve diversity and inclusion goals. beyond the power of oer to facilitate diverse textbooks as an outcome, there is something inherently powerful about the process of democratizing textbook creation. the current state of commercial textbooks is such that a select few powerful people make decisions on what information is worthy of inclusion in the textbooks from which thousands learn. put another way, influential textbook writers hold the power to curate knowledge for entire generations of learners. further, textbooks that are sold by commercial publishers will always be subject to the monetary interests of said publishers, providing an incentive to stick with the status quo. for example, why risk a discussion of queer issues in sexual education if you know that fundamentalist instructors will cease to use your book and cost you money? using oer to expand textbook writing/editing opportunities serves to isolate knowledge from power and allows educators and students to seize the means of textbook production. despite the power of textbooks to enhance educational diversity and the power of oer to democratize knowledge curation, to-date the author is not aware of any published papers looking at how people go about the diversification of oer, nor any evaluations of how this diversification might affect students. the goal of this paper is two-fold. first, it outlines a project the author co-managed with openstax, a key purveyor of oer, that had the ultimate goal of crowd-sourcing the diversification of the openstax psychology text (openstax college ). then, it describes a study which compared the standard and modified text and their effects on participants’ ratings of the books and their sense-of-belongingness on campus. this explored the hypothesis that all participants would have higher quality ratings for the modified text compared to the standard text. a further hypothesis was that participants who were marginalized by either first-generation status or under-represented minority (urm) status would experience a heightened sense of belonging related to their social class and race (respectively) after reading the modified text, compared to participants reading the standard text. textbook diversification – study context in order to facilitate a crowd-sourced approach to diversifying oer, a system was needed that would be simple for the general public to use. a pressbooks copy of openstax psychology was created with hypothesis enabled (as shown in figure ). hypothesis is a web annotation tool that allows for straightforward communication about specific aspects of the text. the integration of pressbooks with hypothesis meant that people did not have to download a hypothesis extension or otherwise go through steps to access the platform, other than creating a log-in. in the instructions, contributors were told that they did not have to use their name and were able to remain anonymous if they wished to do so. figure   a screenshot of the landing page for this project. once they reached the main landing page, contributors could navigate to the section of the book that reflected their expertise or lived experience. they could then highlight sections of the text and propose additions, modifications, or general comments. two examples of what this looked like are included in figure . figure   examples of annotations. in order to encourage people to participate with the project, several outreach strategies were engaged. first, reaching out to leadership on several discipline-specific teaching and diversity initiatives in the author’s own field (e.g., the society for the psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity, the society for the psychological study of culture, ethnicity, and race). then, reaching out to people who could be located as in charge of introductory psychology on their campuses. finally, work was undertaken with openstax to contact instructors who had self-identified as using the textbook in their classes. for more general outreach, the author also wrote and published a medium post (https://medium.com/@anusbaum /our-students-deserve-better-b d ea b ) that could be shared on social media and in other, private conversations. it should be noted that while this particular project targeted outreach at instructors and graduate students in the field, these kinds of projects can and have been done with student populations as well (e.g., howard, nusbaum, & van allen ). indeed, involving students in this kind of work may further emphasize the democratization of knowledge that oer introduces. students are not only told that oer expand opportunities to contribute to the field, they themselves contribute to that knowledge. instead of being passive consumers of content, open pedagogy projects such as this one give students a chance to be actively engaged in the knowledge curation process – they get to be worthy of participating. overall, annotations were collected on different sections of the book. while the annotations were focused on areas of the text that are more “amenable” to suggestions around diversity (such as social psychology and sexual behavior), there were also suggestions in sections such as stressors, mental health treatment, and motivation. this wide variety of suggestions exemplifies why projects of this sort should not be limited based on preconceived notions of where “diverse” topics may arise.	in order to explore whether this approach was worthwhile, a study was then conducted using some of the proposed modifications. the research questions focused on whether these diversified materials would lead to increased quality ratings for the text, in addition to a higher sense of belongingness for marginalized students (defined by first generation status and racial/ethnic minority status). methods procedure all procedures were approved by the washington state university institutional review board in accordance with the declaration of helsinki and were conducted using qualtrics (provo, ut). after giving informed consent, participants were given a set of readings on social psychology and sexual behavior. they were randomly assigned to either a standard condition, where the reading was directly from the openstax psychology book as it currently exists, or a modified condition, where the readings were supplemented by contributors who edited the book with diversity in mind. following the readings, participants completed a set of survey questions assessing the readings (modified version of the textbook assessment and usage scale; gurung & martin ) and another set of questions regarding a hypothetical instructor who might use these readings in their class. they were then asked a set of questions regarding their sense of belonginess on campus and a set of demographic questions. based on these demographic questions, participants were classified as first-generation or continuing generation subject to the educational attainment of their parents and classified as white or an underrepresented minority (urm) based on whether they self-identified as white. many academic institutions and governmental entities classify students as urm based on whether they are underrepresented at the institution compared to local and national demographics (e.g., page et al. ; national institutes of health ) – at this university non-white students are in the minority (washington state university ). this is also true for non-white people in the state of washington more broadly (washington ). participants the sample consisted of students currently enrolled in psychology classes at washington state university. participants (n = ) completed the study in exchange for course credit in one of their classes. all participants had the option to complete an alternative assignment if they did not want to participate and all opted-in to participating in this study. participants (n = ) who completed the survey in less than three minutes (a time deemed too fast to read through the text and answer all questions appropriately) were removed from the sample, as was one participant who reported not knowing whether they were a first-generation student, leaving participants in the final sample. of these, . % reported being a first-generation college student. the sample was . % women and . % white, with . % of participants not reporting their race/ethnicity. the rest of the sample was latinx ( . %), asian ( . %), black ( . %), native american/native alaskan/pacific islander ( . %), or self-reported as another race/ethnicity ( . %). neither of these two variables differed based on their assignment to groups. the average age of the sample was . (sd = . ). age varied as a function of group assignment and number of credits, hours worked, and percent of students with loans varied as a function of first-generation status. based on these differences, these variables were included as covariates in all further analyses. materials readings the textbook passages that were used originated from the openstax psychology book (openstax college ), specifically from the prejudice and discrimination and sexual behavior sections of the text. the standard condition passage was the exact version of the text that can be accessed at: https://openstax.org/details/books/psychology. the modified condition passage included edits and additions focused on enhancing the diversity and inclusivity of the book. the textbook passages are available at: https://osf.io/tz nc/. questions about readings participants were asked questions about the text passage that stemmed from the textbook assessment and usage scale (gurung & martin ). this scale was modified to reflect the fact that participants were only reading the textbook for the purposes of this study, as opposed to using it in a course for an entire term. the questions asked students about the research examples used, the everyday examples used, and the general writing quality on a scale from (not at all) to (very much so). they were additionally asked questions about a hypothetical instructor who would use the text passage in their class. participants rated the hypothetical instructor on a scale from (strongly disagree) to (strongly agree) for descriptors such as professional, engaging, approachable, and caring, among other things. both questionnaires are available at: https://osf.io/gkqc /. questions about belongingness participants completed two sets of questionnaires regarding whether their ) financial circumstances and ) racial group affect how they fit in on campus (ingram ). prompts were answered on a scale from (much more difficult) to (much easier), with lower scores indicating more difficulties. the individual statements included, “being taken seriously by professors,” “finding the academic support you need to do well,” and “finding like-minded friends,” among others. results questions about readings a multivariate analysis of covariance (mancova) was used to examine the effects of condition (standard, modified), first-generation status (continuing generation, first generation), and race/ethnicity (white, urm) on impressions of the textbook. there was a significant multivariate effect of condition (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). the univariate analyses showed that there was a significant difference on one question (how recent are the research examples; f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) such that those in the modified condition rated the text higher (m = . , sd = . ) than those in the standard condition (m = . , sd = . ). there was no significant effect of first-generation status (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) or race/ethnicity (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ), nor any interactions thereof. a second mancova was used to examine the effects of condition (standard, modified), first-generation status (continuing generation, first generation), and race/ethnicity (white, urm) on perceptions of the hypothetical instructor who was using these textbooks. there was no significant multivariate effect of condition (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ), first-generation status (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ), or race/ethnicity (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ), nor any interactions thereof. questions about belongingness a mancova was used to examine the effects of condition (standard, modified), first-generation status (continuing generation, first generation), and race/ethnicity (white, urm) on belongingness related to financial circumstances. there was a significant multivariate effect of race/ethnicity (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). the univariate analyses showed that there was a significant difference on one statement (feeling comfortable socially on campus; f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) such that those who are urm reported feeling less comfortable socially on campus due to their financial circumstances (m = . , sd = . ) as compared to white participants (m = . , sd = . ). there was also a significant multivariate effect of first-generation status (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ), which was qualified by a first-generation by condition interaction (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). the univariate analyses showed that there was a significant difference on two statements, “feeling comfortable socially on campus” (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) and “contributing to discussions in class” (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). a follow-up ancova showed that first-generation students reading the standard condition self-reported feeling less comfortable socially on campus due to their financial circumstances (f [ , ] = . , p < . , ηp = . ). there was no significant difference between first-generation and continuing-generation students who read the modified text (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ; see figure ). a second follow-up ancova showed no differences on “contributing to discussions in class” between first-generation and continuing-generation students in the standard condition (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) or the modified condition, (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). figure   mean responses to the question “indicate how much you feel your financial circumstances make the following easier or more difficult: feeling comfortable socially on campus” by first-generation status and textbook condition. a final mancova was used to examine the effects of condition (standard, modified), first-generation status (continuing generation, first generation), and race/ethnicity (white, urm) on belongingness related to racial group. there was a significant multivariate effect of race/ethnicity (f [ , ] = . , p < . , ηp = . ), but not on condition (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ) or first-generation status (f [ , ] = . , p = . , ηp = . ). the univariate analyses showed that there was a significant difference on all seven statements (f [ , ] > . , ps < . , ηp s > . ). for all statements, urm participants reported a lower sense of belonging because of their racial group compared to white participants (see figure ). figure   mean responses to questions asking how participants’ racial group impacts their sense of belongingness on campus by race/ethnicity. discussion there are several key findings to note. the first is that participants in the modified condition, regardless of any recorded demographic variables, rated the textbook passages higher than those in the standard condition. second, both first-generation and urm participants reported a reduced sense of belongingness based on their financial circumstances, and urm participants reported the same reduction based on their racial group. third, and perhaps most importantly, this reduced sense of belongingness was ameliorated for first-generation participants who read the modified text passages. that is, first-generation students were indistinguishable from continuing-generation students on this measure after they read the modified text, as compared to those who read the standard text and reported lower levels of belongingness based on financial circumstances. together, these findings suggest that textbook modifications of this kind may be a way for institutions and instructors to help increase belongingness for marginalized students. while many universities have small grant programs to fund the development of oer generally, to the author’s knowledge there are no grant programs specifically designed to help instructors make their open texts, activities, and other resources more diverse. these findings suggest that such programs would be a good idea, and could in fact lead to a much larger savings return to the university. that is, if diverse textbooks help marginalized students feel like they belong more and thus are more likely to stay at the university (o’keeffe ; davis et al. ), the money that is put towards grant programs could come back to the university in the form of higher student retention rates. for individual instructors, these findings should be thought of as overwhelmingly positive – they suggest that each of us can enact important changes within our own classrooms. at its core, these findings show that the materials a student is reading for one class can have an impact on the extent to which they feel they belong on our campuses. this should leave individual instructors feeling empowered and motivated to make changes to the materials they are using. there are several limitations to the findings presented here. while tightly controlled experiments are a good option for establishing the legitimacy of an intervention, the lack of external validity in these findings is a key limitation. it is quite possible that these modifications must be made in the context of an actual class for their full impact to be felt. it is one thing for participants in a research study to read material that suggests a hypothetical instructor might care about marginalized groups. it is a different thing altogether for students to be in a classroom setting where an instructor they know is using a textbook that reinforces the idea that they care about marginalized groups. course materials cannot be separated from the classroom context, and any changes to the materials need to be accompanied by a classroom environment that supports what is contained in the materials. future studies should try to examine how a modified textbook affects students in an actual classroom setting. for example, measuring students’ sense of belonging before-and-after a class where a modified textbook is used would be a more ecologically valid way of approaching this question. it is also possible that the extent of the benefits to this kind of approach were not fully captured by the measures used in this study. as noted in the introduction, past work has demonstrated that people tend to view scientists as white men (finson ) and tend to comprehend material less when the text does not represent themselves (good, woodzicka, & wingfield ). this study did not attempt to assess whether a modified textbook of this sort could elicit changes in how participants imagine scientists or their ability to learn the material. it would be beneficial for future studies to try to assess whether these modifications could lead to these additional benefits. it would also be ideal if future studies could examine more targeted modifications. that is, if we make modifications that specifically target trans* inclusivity or indigenous issues or disabled representation, would we see benefits specifically for those students? given that the findings reported here are most promising for first-generation students, who themselves are quite varied in background, one would imagine that this effect is not highly specified. but, that is an empirical question to be tested in future work. overall, these results both provide evidence that marginalized students feel like they belong less on campus and demonstrate that there is a student-centered benefit to diversifying our textbooks. some of our most marginalized students will read these texts and feel like they belong more on our campuses. while certainly not an end-all-be-all solution to wider issues of systematic inequality, this crowd-sourcing approach to diversifying course materials is one method that can be used in making progress towards educational equity. notes mjolnir is the magic hammer wielded by thor in the marvel cinematic universe. in order to hold/use mjolnir, it must deem you “worthy.”  cishetero refers to people who are both cisgendered (their assigned sex at birth matches their current gender) and heterosexual/romantic (sexual and romantic attraction to people of the “opposite” gender).  note that this does not mean people are not thinking about these ideas – see https://www.cccoer.org/ / / /on-equity-diversity-inclusion-and-open-education/ for an excellent discussion and https://open.ed.ac.uk/openness-equality-and-inclusion/ for examples of resources.  competing interests the author has no competing interests to declare. references 	 american college health association. . american college health association-national college health assessment: reference group executive summary spring . baltimore: american college health association.  	 american college health association. . american college health association-national college health assessment ii: reference group executive summary fall . hanover, md: american college health association.  	 american council on education. . race and ethnicity in higher education: a status report. available at https://www.equityinhighered.org/.  	 apple, m, and christian-smith, l. . the politics of the textbook. new york, ny: routledge. doi: https://doi.org/ . /   	 blicher, h. . looking for images that reflect 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( ). who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer. journal of interactive media in education, ( ), . doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. nusbaum at, ‘who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer’ ( ) journal of interactive media in education doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. nusbaum, amy t.. . “who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer”. journal of interactive media in education ( ): . doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. nusbaum, amy t.. “who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer”. journal of interactive media in education , no. ( ): . doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. nusbaum, a. t.. “who gets to wield academic mjolnir?: on worthiness, knowledge curation, and using the power of the people to diversify oer”. journal of interactive media in education, vol. , no. , , p. . doi: http://doi.org/ . /jime. jump to discussions related content please enable javascript to view the comments powered by disqus. comments powered by disqus 	 e-issn: - x 	 published by ubiquity press 	 terms and conditions 	 privacy policy 	 accessibility statement none none none none none national digital stewardship alliance - digital library federation dlf 	 about 	overview 	 	calendar 	faq 	foundational principles 	leadership 	strategic plan 	 membership 	join the ndsa 	member orientation 	members 	 groups 	overview 	 	interest groups 	content 	infrastructure 	standards and practices 	 	active working groups 	communications and publications 	conference program 	innovation awards 	levels of preservation 	ndsa agenda 	 publications 	overview 	 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	current students 	parents and families 	faculty and staff 	alumni 	industry and partners search search submit 	 	 	university libraries / 	research & teaching / 	digital literacy / explore 	 find & borrow 	 research & teaching 	 athenaeum 	 book a consultation 	 classroom & meeting spaces 	 data consulting lab 	 data services 	 data visualization studio 	 current page: digital literacy 	 equipment lending 	 exhibits 	 in-person to remote 	 institutional repository 	 instruction & workshops 	 interlibrary loan 	 learning object repository 	 open data repository 	 open access - open knowledge 	 research guides 	 research support 	 reserve a room 	 scholarly communication 	 southwest virginia digital archive 	 vr research & projects 	 vt github 	 vt publishing 	 study & learn 	 create & share 	 about 	 open access - big deal 	 give 	 imagine magazine digital literacy learning, creating, and collaborating in the digital world is increasingly complex. through digital literacy initiatives, university libraries seeks to empower our community of learners and researchers as they navigate and participate in digital environments. we welcome your collaboration and feedback. what is digital literacy? digital literacy is a set of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that empower learners to engage with their digital lives. digital literacy at virginia tech includes data, information, media, and invention literacies, which are comprised of key values built on core competencies. these competencies empower learners to become engaged global citizens in a digital world.  expand each competency to reveal its learning outcomes. 		identity & wellbeing 		 	identify personal learning needs and goals when engaging in digital environments 	explain the impact of communication choices on online identity development, privacy, and security in a digital environment  	recognize opportunities to manage personal data, privacy, and security in a digital environment 	create and manage online identities that align to personal and professional values and goals 	plan strategies to manage emotional and physical health in digital personal and professional settings  	 		discovery 		 	recognize the value of curiosity, exploration, and play in the discovery process  	identify information needs and gaps in personal knowledge   	locate and explore ideas from multiple viewpoints and perspectives  	evaluate and adapt search strategies during the discovery process 	 		evaluation 		 	critically analyze information/media/data to determine its relevance, accuracy, purpose, and bias based on contextual needs  	recognize how algorithms and personalization may influence online information exposure 	reflect on how personal viewpoints and values may influence engagement with data/information/media 	evaluate platforms and tools to determine access, usability, and suitability 	 		ethics 		 	analyze differences in access, rights, and vulnerabilities of individuals and groups 	distinguish between ethics, laws, and codified norms  	identify rights and responsibilities when using, creating, and sharing digital data/information/media 	apply relevant ethical principles in personal, professional, and academic contexts 	adapt ethical principles when navigating new digital contexts 	 		creation & scholarship 		 	recognize that the creative process can involve a variety of emotional experiences  	examine how format, genre, discipline, and audience can affect creative choices  	practice an iterative design process towards specific goals  	engage in troubleshooting while using tools  	create original works and repurpose or remix existing works 	 		communication & collaboration 		 	apply communication conventions and norms in online communities  	recognize ways power structures influence interactions, sharing, and collaboration  	develop roles and shared expectations for collaboration when working in groups 	use relevant tools and strategies for digitally mediated collaboration  	analyze the effectiveness of team roles, collaborative tools, processes, and outcomes 	 		curation 		 	select tools and format considering accessibility and compatibility over time 	apply organizational principles to data/information/media  	create a plan to preserve, maintain, and sunset data/information/media 	assemble content for the purpose of meaning-making and sharing   	 	 events 		digital literacy symposium 		 online identity unpacked thursday, april , where do your online and offline selves collide? when is your digital presence in and outside of your control? the answers to these questions are often complex. during the digital literacy symposium, participants explored online identities through their many roles as students, educators, scholars, and more. dr. bonnie stewart's keynote, bringing the web back: the digital literacies we need right now, is available in vtechworks. 	 	 new toolkit 	use the new digital literacy framework toolkit to integrate digital literacy into your work. learn more, get involved 	attend a workshop. 	read more about some of the models that are influencing our program: jisc model for developing students' digital literacy and association of college & research libraries framework for information literacy in higher education   contact 	julia feerrar 	email: feerrar@vt.edu library info - fall libraries art & architecture library carol m. newman library veterinary medicine library nvc resource center library service center virginia tech carilion school of medicine library give to the library follow us contact university libraries ( ) carol m. newman library, virginia tech drillfield drive blacksburg, va ( ) - employment feedback & comments hours visitor information staff directory site map staff only 	 			 		 			 				 			 			 				get directions   				see all locations   contact virginia tech   			 	university status 	principles of community 	privacy statement 	acceptable use 	we remember 	university libraries 	accessibility 	consumer information 	stop abuse 	policies 	equal opportunity 	wvtf 	university bookstore 	jobs at virginia tech 	strategic plan ©  virginia polytechnic institute and state university. all rights reserved. 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	linked in 	pintrest 	youtube none none none the code lib journal 		 			 				 					 				 				 						mission 	editorial committee 	process and structure 	code lib 				 				 					 						 							 							 						 					 				 			 			 				issue , - - 																		 					editorial: for pandemic times such as this 										peter murray 					 						a pandemic changes the world and changes libraries. 					 				 																							 					open source tools for scaling data curation at qdr 										nicholas weber, sebastian karcher, and james myers 					 						this paper describes the development of services and tools for scaling data curation services at the qualitative data repository (qdr). through a set of open-source tools, semi-automated workflows, and extensions to the dataverse platform, our team has built services for curators to efficiently and effectively publish collections of qualitatively derived data. the contributions we seek to make in this paper are as follows: . we describe ‘human-in-the-loop’ curation and the tools that facilitate this model at qdr; . we provide an in-depth discussion of the design and implementation of these tools, including applications specific to the dataverse software repository, as well as standalone archiving tools written in r; and . we highlight the role of providing a service layer for data discovery and accessibility of qualitative data. keywords: data curation; open-source; qualitative data 					 				 																							 					from text to map: combing named entity recognition and geographic information systems 										charlie harper and r. benjamin gorham 					 						this tutorial shows readers how to leverage the power of named entity recognition (ner) and geographic information systems (gis) to extract place names from text, geocode them, and create a public-facing map. this process is highly useful across disciplines. for example, it can be used to generate maps from historical primary sources, works of literature set in the real world, and corpora of academic scholarship. in order to lead the reader through this process, the authors work with a article sample of the covid- open research dataset challenge (cord- ) dataset. as of the date of writing, cord- includes , full-text articles with metadata. using this sample, the authors demonstrate how to extract locations from the full-text with the spacy library in python, highlight methods to clean up the extracted data with the pandas library, and finally teach the reader how to create an interactive map of the places using arcgis online. the processes and code are described in a manner that is reusable for any corpus of text 					 				 																							 					using integrated library systems and open data to analyze library cardholders 										greg sohanchyk and dan briem 					 						the harrison public library in westchester county, new york operates two library buildings in harrison: the richard e. halperin memorial library building (the library’s main building, located in downtown harrison) and a west harrison branch location. as part of its latest three-year strategic plan, the library sought to use existing resources to improve understanding of its cardholders at both locations. to do so, we needed to link the circulation data in our integrated library system, evergreen, to geographic data and demographic data. we decided to build a geodemographic heatmap that incorporated all three aforementioned types of data. using evergreen, american community survey (acs) data, and google maps, we plotted each cardholder’s residence on a map, added census boundaries (called tracts) and our town’s borders to the map, and produced summary statistics for each tract detailing its demographics and the library card usage of its residents. in this article, we describe how we acquired the necessary data and built the heatmap. we also touch on how we safeguarded the data while building the heatmap, which is an internal tool available only to select authorized staff members. finally, we discuss what we learned from the heatmap and how libraries can use open data to benefit their communities. 					 				 																							 					update oclc holdings without paying additional fees: a patchwork approach 										nicole wood and scott shumate 					 						accurate oclc holdings are vital for interlibrary loan transactions. however, over time weeding projects, replacing lost or damaged materials, and human error can leave a library with a catalog that is no longer reflected through oclc. while oclc offers reclamation services to bring poorly maintained collections up-to-date, the associated fee may be cost prohibitive for libraries with limited budgets. this article will describe the process used at austin peay state university to identify, isolate, and update holdings using oclc collection manager queries, marcedit, excel, and python. some portions of this process are completed using basic coding; however, troubleshooting techniques will be included for those with limited previous experience. 					 				 																							 					data reuse in linked data projects: a comparison of alma and share-vde bibframe networks 										jim hahn 					 						this article presents an analysis of the enrichment, transformation, and clustering used by vendors casalini libri/@cult and ex libris for their respective conversions of marc data to bibframe. the analysis considers the source marc data used by alma then the enrichment and transformation of marc data from share-vde partner libraries. the clustering of linked data into a bibframe network is a key outcome of data reuse in linked data projects and fundamental to the improvement of the discovery of library collections on the web and within search systems. 					 				 																							 					collectionbuilder-contentdm: developing a static web ‘skin’ for contentdm-based digital collections 										devin becker, evan williamson, olivia wikle 					 						unsatisfied with customization options for contentdm, librarians at university of idaho library have been using a modern static web approach to creating digital exhibit websites that sit in front of the digital repository. this “skin” is designed to provide users with new pathways to discover and explore collection content and context. this article describes the concepts behind the approach and how it has developed into an open source, data-driven tool called collectionbuilider-contentdm. the authors outline the design decisions and principles guiding the development of collectionbuilder, and detail how a version is used at the university of idaho library to collaboratively build digital collections and digital scholarship projects. 					 				 																							 					automated collections workflows in gobi: using python to scrape for purchase options 										katharine frazier 					 						the nc state university libraries has developed a tool for querying gobi, our print and ebook ordering vendor platform, to automate monthly collections reports. these reports detail purchase options for missing or long-overdue items, as well as popular items with multiple holds. gobi does not offer an api, forcing staff to conduct manual title-by-title searches that previously took up to hours per month. to make this process more efficient, we wrote a python script that automates title searches and the extraction of key data (price, date of publication, binding type) from gobi. this tool can gather data for hundreds of titles in half an hour or less, freeing up time for other projects. this article will describe the process of creating this script, as well as how it finds and selects data in gobi. it will also discuss how these results are paired with nc state’s holdings data to create reports for collection managers. lastly, the article will examine obstacles that were experienced in the creation of the tool and offer recommendations for other organizations seeking to automate collections workflows. 					 				 																							 					testing remote access to e-resource with codeceptjs 										ralf weber 					 						at the badische landesbibliothek karlsruhe (blb) we offer a variety of e-resources with different access requirements. on the one hand, there is free access to open access material, no matter where you are. on the other hand, there are e-resources that you can only access when you are in the rooms of the blb. we also offer e-resources that you can access from anywhere, but you must have a library account for authentication to gain access. to test the functionality of these access methods, we have created a project to automatically test the entire process from searching our catalogue, selecting a hit, logging in to the provider’s site and checking the results. for this we use the end end testing framework codeceptjs. 					 				 																																																																																																																																																																																																									 			 				 					issn - 				 				 				 					 						 						 					 				 				 				 					current issue 							issue , - - 					previous issues 							issue , - - 	issue , - - 	issue , - - 	issue , - - 	older issues 				 				 					for authors 						call for submissions 	article guidelines 				 			 						 				log in 				this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution . united states license. 			 			 		 		 		 	 when the internet archive forgets 	the a.v. club 	deadspin 	gizmodo 	jalopnik 	jezebel 	kotaku 	lifehacker 	the root 	the takeout 	 	the onion 	 	the inventory we come from the future shopsubscribe homelatestreviewseartherscienceio field guidevideowe come from the future homelatestreviewseartherscienceio field guidevideo when the internet archive forgets illustration: jim cooke (gizmodo) david bixenspan / / : am• filed to:the internet archive the internet archivewayback machinethe internetlibrariesfair use on the internet, there are certain institutions we have come to rely on daily to keep truth from becoming nebulous or elastic. not necessarily in the way that something stupid like verrit aspired to, but at least in confirming that you aren’t losing your mind, that an old post or article you remember reading did, in fact, actually exist. it can be as fleeting as using google cache to grab a quickly deleted tweet, but it can also be as involved as doing a deep dive of a now-dead site’s archive via the wayback machine. but what happens when an archive becomes less reliable, and arguably has legitimate reasons to bow to pressure and remove controversial archived material? advertisement a few weeks ago, while recording my podcast, the topic turned to the old blog written by the ultimate warrior, the late bodybuilder turned chiropractic student turned pro wrestler turned ranting conservative political speaker under his legal name of, yes, “warrior.” as described by deadspin’s barry petchesky in the aftermath of warrior’s passing, he was “an insane dick,” spouting off in blogs and campus speeches about people with disabilities, gay people, new orleans residents, and many others. but when i went looking for a specific blog post, i saw that the blogs were not just removed, the site itself was no longer in the internet archive, replaced by the error message: “this url has been excluded from the wayback machine.” apparently, warrior’s site had been de-archived for months, not long after rob rousseau pored over it for a vice sports article on the hypocrisy of wwe using warrior’s image for their breast cancer awareness month campaign. the campaign was all about getting women to “unleash your warrior,” complete with an ultimate warrior motif, but since warrior’s blogs included wishing death on a cancer-survivor, this wasn’t a good look. rousseau was struck by how the archive was removed “almost immediately after my piece went up, like within that week,” he told gizmodo. rousseau suspected that wwe was somehow behind it, but a wwe spokesman told gizmodo that they were not involved. steve wilton, the business manager for ultimate creations also denied involvement. a spokesman for the internet archive, though, told gizmodo that the archive was removed because of a dmca takedown request from the company’s business manager (wilton’s job for years) on october , , two days after the vice article was published. (he has not replied to a follow-up email about the takedown request.) “you can understand why their impulse might be to act cautiously even if that creates serious tension with their core mission... to create an accurate historical archive of everything that has been there and to prevent people from wiping out evidence of their history.”advertisement over the last few years, there has been a change in how the wayback machine is viewed, one inspired by the general political mood. what had long been a useful tool when you came across broken links online is now, more than ever before, seen as an arbiter of the truth and a bulwark against erasing history. that archive sites are trusted to show the digital trail and origin of content is not just a must-use tool for journalists, but effective for just about anyone trying to track down vanishing web pages. with that in mind, that the internet archive doesn’t really fight takedown requests becomes a problem. that’s not the only recourse: when a site admin elects to block the wayback crawler using a robots.txt file, the crawling doesn’t just stop. instead, the wayback machine’s entire history of a given site is removed from public view. in other words, if you deal in a certain bottom-dwelling brand of controversial content and want to avoid accountability, there are at least two different, standardized ways of erasing it from the most reliable third-party web archive on the public internet. for the internet archive, like with quickly complying with takedown notices challenging their seemingly fair use archive copies of old websites, the robots.txt strategy, in practice, does little more than mitigating their risk while going against the spirit of the protocol. and if someone were to sue over non-compliance with a dmca takedown request, even with a ready-made, valid defense in the archive’s pocket, copyright litigation is still incredibly expensive. it doesn’t matter that the use is not really a violation by any metric. if a rightsholder makes the effort, you still have to defend the lawsuit. “the fair use defense in this context has never been litigated,” noted annemarie bridy, a law professor at the university of idaho and an affiliate scholar at the center for internet and society at stanford law school. “internet archive is a non-profit, so the exposure to statutory damages that they face is huge, and the risk that they run is pretty great ... given the scope of what they do; that they’re basically archiving everything that is on the public web, their exposure is phenomenal. so you can understand why their impulse might be to act cautiously even if that creates serious tension with their core mission, which is to create an accurate historical archive of everything that has been there and to prevent people from wiping out evidence of their history.” advertisement while the internet archive did not respond to specific questions about its robots.txt policy, its proactive response to takedown requests, or if any potential fair use defenses have been tested by them in court, a spokesperson did send this statement along: several months after the wayback machine was launched in late , we participated with a group of outside archivists, librarians, and attorneys in the drafting of a set of recommendations for managing removal requests (the oakland archive policy) that the internet archive more or less adopted as guidelines over the first decade or so of the wayback machine. earlier this year, we convened with a similar group to review those guidelines and explore the potential value of an updated version. we are still pondering many issues and hope that before too long we might be able to present some updated information on our site to better help the public understand how we approach take down requests. you can find some of our thoughts about robots.txt at http://blog.archive.org/ / / /robots-txt-meant-for-search-engines-dont-work-well-for-web-archives/. at the end of the day, we strive to strike a balance between the concerns that site owners and rights holders sometimes bring to us with the broader public interest in free access for everyone to a history of the internet that is as comprehensive as possible. all of that said, the internet archive has always held itself out to be a library; in theory, shouldn’t that matter? advertisement “under current copyright law, although there are special provisions that give certain rights to libraries, there is no definition of a library,” explained brandon butler, the director of information policy for the university of virginia library. “and that’s a thing that rights holders have always fretted over, and they’ve always fretted over entities like the internet archive, which aren’t -year-old public libraries, or university-affiliated libraries. they often raise up a stand that there will be faux libraries, that they’d call themselves libraries but it’s really just a haven for piracy. that specter of the sort of sham library really hasn’t arisen.” the lone exception that butler could think of was when american buddha, a non-profit, online library of buddhist texts, found itself sued by penguin over a few items that they asserted copyright over. “the court didn’t really care that this place called itself a library; it didn’t really shield them from any infringement allegations.” that said, as butler notes, while being a library wouldn’t necessarily protect the internet archive as much as it could, “the right to make copies for preservation,” as butler puts it, is definitely a point in their favor. that said, “libraries typically don’t get sued; it’s bad pr,” butler says. so it’s not like there’s a ton of modern legal precedent about libraries in the digital age, barring some outliers like the various google books cases. “they often raise up a stand that there will be faux libraries, that they’d call themselves libraries but it’s really just a haven for piracy. that specter of the sort of sham library really hasn’t arisen.”as bridy notes, in the united states, copyright is “a commercial right.” it’s not about reputational harm, it’s about protecting the value of a work and, more specifically, the ability to continuously make money off of it. “the reason we give it is we want artists and creative people to have an incentive to publish and market their work,” she said. “using copyright as a way of trying to control privacy or reputation ... it can be used that way, but you might argue that’s copyright misuse, you might argue it falls outside of the ambit of why we have copyright.” we take a lot of things for granted, especially as we rely on technology more and more. “the internet is forever” may be a common refrain in the media, and the underlying wisdom about being careful may be sound, but it is also not something that should be taken literally. people delete posts. websites and entire platforms disappear for business and other reasons. rich, famous, and powerful bad actors don’t care about intimidating small non-profit organizations. it’s nice to have safeguards, but there are limits to permanence on the internet, and where there are limits, there are loopholes. share this story get our newsletter subscribe discussion executor elassus / / : pm all that matters to me is that the bafflingly descriptive icon of early-internet bizarrerie, dolphinsex.org, has been faithfully archived, complete with shitty flashing-gif banner ads and inappropriately jubilant leaping dolphin imagery. see all replies none none none inkdroid inkdroid paper or plastic 	 for an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { &quot;country&quot;: &quot;us&quot;, &quot;year&quot;: &quot; &quot;, &quot;format&quot;: [ &quot;vinyl&quot;, &quot;lp&quot;, &quot;album&quot; ], &quot;label&quot;: [ &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;electrosound group midwest, inc.&quot;, &quot;night garden music&quot;, &quot;unichappell music, inc.&quot;, &quot;reflection sound studios&quot;, &quot;sterling sound&quot; ], &quot;type&quot;: &quot;master&quot;, &quot;genre&quot;: [ &quot;rock&quot; ], &quot;style&quot;: [ &quot;indie rock&quot; ], &quot;id&quot;: , &quot;barcode&quot;: [ &quot;sp- -a&quot;, &quot;sp- -b&quot;, &quot;sp a es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sterling&quot;, &quot;(b)&quot;, &quot;bmi&quot; ], &quot;user_data&quot;: { &quot;in_wantlist&quot;: false, &quot;in_collection&quot;: false }, &quot;master_id&quot;: , &quot;master_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;uri&quot;: &quot;/rem-murmur/master/ &quot;, &quot;catno&quot;: &quot;sp &quot;, &quot;title&quot;: &quot;r.e.m. - murmur&quot;, &quot;thumb&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e &quot;, &quot;cover_image&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df &quot;, &quot;resource_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;community&quot;: { &quot;want&quot;: , &quot;have&quot;: } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy &amp; carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken &amp; nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur 	diss music i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition 	 years of robots.txt after just over years of use the robots exclusion standard, otherwise known as robots.txt is being standardized at the ietf. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it announced the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the latest draft having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, desire lines if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets (russell, ). but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, &amp; councill, ; thelwall &amp; stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. 	curation communities as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. 	mystery file! we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) 	kettle kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again 	static-dynamic at work we’ve been moving lots of previously dynamic web sites over to being static sites. many of these sites have been wordpress, omeka or custom sites for projects that are no longer active, but which retain value as a record of the research. this effort has been the work of many hands, and has largely been driven (at least from my perspective) by an urge to make the websites less dependent on resources like databases, and custom code to render content. but we are certainly not alone in seeing the value of static site technology, especially in humanities scholarship. the underlying idea here is that a static site makes the content more resilient, or less prone to failure over time, because there are less moving pieces involved in keeping it both on and of the web. the pieces that are moving are tried-and-true software like web browsers and web servers, instead of pieces of software that have had less eyes on them (my code). the web has changed a lot over its lifetime, but the standards and software of the web have stayed remarkably backwards compatible (rosenthal, ). there is long term value in mainstreaming your web publishing practices and investing in these foundational technologies and standards. since they have less moving pieces static site architectures are also (in theory) more efficient. there is a hope that static sites lower the computational resources needed to keep your content on the web, which is good for the pocketbook and, more importantly, good for the environment. while there have been interesting experiments like this static site driven by solar energy it would be good to get some measurements on how significant these changes are. as i will discuss here in this post, i think static site technology can often push dynamic processing out of the picture frame, where it is less open to measurement. migrating completed projects to static sites has been fairly uncontroversial when the project is no longer being added to or altered. site owners have been amenable to the transformation, especially when we tell them that this will help ensure that their content stays online in a meaningful and useful way. it’s often important to explain that “static” doesn’t mean their website will be rendered as an image or a pdf, or that the links won’t be navigable. sometimes we’ve needed to negotiate the disabling of a search box. but it usually has sufficed to show how much the search is used (server logs are handy for this), and to point out that most people search for things elsewhere (e.g google) and arrive at their website. so it has been a price worth paying. but i think this may say more about the nature of the projects we were curating, than it does about web content in general. ymmv. cue the “there are no silver bullets” soundtrack. hmm, what would that soundtrack sound like? continuing on… for ongoing projects where the content is changing, we’ve also been trying to use static site technology. understandably there is a bit of an impedance mismatch between static site technology and dynamic curation of content. if the curators are comfortable with things like editing markdown and doing git commits/pushes things can go well. but if people aren’t invested in learning those things there is a danger that making a site static can well, make it too static, which can have significant consequences for an active project that uses the web as a canvas. one way of adjusting for this is to make the static site more dynamic. it’s ok if you lol here. this tacking back can be achieved in a multitude of ways, but they mostly boil down to: curating content in another dynamic platform and having an export of that data integrated statically into the website at build time (not at runtime). curating content in another dynamic platform and including it at runtime in your web application using the platform’s api. for example think of how google maps is embedded in a webpage. the advantage to # is that the curation platform can go away, and you still have your site, and your data, and are able to build it. but the disadvantage is that curatorial changes to the data do not get reflected in the website until the next build. the advantage to # is that you don’t need to manage the data assets, and changes made in the platform are immediately available in the web application. but the downside is that your website is totally dependent on this external platform. the platform could choose to change their api, put the service behind a paywall, shut down the service or completely go out of business. actually, it is a certainty that one of these will eventually happen. so, depending on the specifics, this kind of static site is arguably more vulnerable than the previous dynamic web application. we’ve mostly been focused on scenario # in our recent work creating static sites for dynamic projects. for example we’ve been getting some good use of of airtable as a content curation platform in conjunction with gatsby and its gatsby-source-airtable plugin, which makes the airtable data available via a graphql query that gets run at build time. once built the pages have the data cooked into them, so airtable can go away and our site will be fine. but the build is still quite dependent on airtable. in the (soon to be released) unlocking the airwaves project we also are using airtable but we didn’t use the graphql plugin, mostly because i didn’t know about it at the time. on that project there is a fetch-data utility that will talk to our airtable base and persist the data into the git reposistory as json files. these json files are then queried as part of the build process. this means the build is insulated from changes in airtable, and that you can choose when to pull the latest airtable data down. but the big downside to this approach is that when curators make changes in airtable they want to see them reflected in the website quickly. they understandably don’t want to have to ask someone else for a build, or figure out how to build and push the site themselves. they just want their work to be available to others. one stopgap between and that we’ve developed recently is to create a special table in airtable called releases. a curator can add a row with their name, a description, and a tagged version of the site to use, which will cause a build of the website to be deployed. we have a program that runs from cron every few minutes and looks at this table and then decides whether a build of the site is needed. it is still early days so i’m not sure how well this approach will work in practice. it took a little bit of head scratching to come up with an initial solution where the release program uses this airtable row as a lock to prevent multiple deploy processes from starting at the same time. experience will show if we got this right. let me know if you are interested in the details. but stepping back a moment i think it’s interesting how static site web technology simultaneously creates a site of static content, while also pushing dynamic processing outwards into other places like this little airtable releases table, or one of the many so called jamstack service providers. this is where the legibility of the processing gets lost, and it becomes even more difficult to ascertain the environmental impact of the architectural shift. what is the environmental impact of our use of netlifycms or airtable? it’s almost impossible to say, whereas before when we were running all the pieces ourselves it was conceiveable that we could audit them. these platforms are also sites of extraction as well, where it’s difficult to even know what economies our data are even participating in. this is all to say that understanding the motivations to go static are complicated, and more work could be done to strategically think through some of these design decisions in a repeatable and generative way. references rosenthal, d. ( ). the half-life of digital formats. retrieved from https://blog.dshr.org/ / /half-life-of-digital-formats.html 	dark reading i just made a donation to the dark reader project over on open collective. if you haven’t seen it before dark reader is a browser plugin (firefox, chrome, edge, safari) that lets you enable dark mode on websites that don’t support it. it has lots of useful configuration settings, and allows you to easily turn it on and off for particular web sites. for most of my life i’ve actually preferred light backgrounds for my text editor. but for the past year or so as my eyes have gotten worse i’ve enabled dark mode in vim and gradually in any application or website that will let me. i’m not an eye doctor, but it seems that the additional light from the screen reflects off of whatever material constitutes the cataracts in the lenses of my eyes, which causes everything to fuzz out, and for text to become basically illegible. being able to turn on dark mode has meant i’ve been able continue to read online, although it still can be difficult. dark reader lets me turn on dark mode for other websites that don’t support it, which has been a real life saver. so it was nice to be able to say thank you. just as an aside, i’ve been using open collective for a few years now, to donate regularly to the social.coop project which is how i’m doing social media these days. realizing dark reader was on open collective too made me think how i should really look at more open source projects to support that are on there. it also made me think that perhaps open collective could be a useful platform for the [documenting the now] project to look at to support some of the tools it has developed, as the project draws down on its grant funding and moves into sustaining some of the things it has started. perhaps it would be useful for other projects like webrecorder potentially too? ps. it’s enabled here on my blog for people who have their browser/os set to dark mode. 	seeing software today i presented a paper at the international conference on the history of records and archives (ichora) that shared some of the results of my field study at the national software reference library. the basic gist of the talk is that appraisal in web archives (at least in the case of the nsrl) is intrinsically tied to use, but not use in the typical sense, where use is only conceived in terms of research. i use sarah ahmed’s book what’s the use and specifically her technique of examining the “use of use” and the “strange temporalities of use” as an analytical frame for examining the valuation of archival records. the varieties of use, misuse and disuse provide a window into how this web archive participates in a network of actors that discipline digital preservation, law enforcement, national security and defense. since the conference is remote i decided to record my talk, in order to make sure i timed things properly–i have a tendency to wander. unfortunately it seems that recording the talk on linux and playing it back through zoom turned out to be problematic. the slides didn’t neatly transition from one to the other, but left graphic artifacts behind. but luckily the audio worked ok, and the display in peertube is just fine: this talk actually forms the core of my dissertation defense next week, assuming the world still exists then. i was a bit surprised that nobody balked at my claim that appraisal is tied to use, and that records in web archives have no intrinsic value (e.g. as evidence) unless you consider the use of use. i choose to interpret this as the happy result of me making a really good case ;-) 	curating corpora here’s a really nice talk by everest pipkin about the need to curate datasets for generative text algorithms, especially when they are being used in creative work. everest considers creative work broadly as any work where care for the experience is important. to curate your own corpora is to let you have a hyper-specific control for the tone, vibe, content, ethics, language, and poetics of that space. since i’m teaching a data curation class in an information studies department this semester, but i also work in a digital humanities center, this approach to understanding the algorithmic impacts of data curation is super interesting to me. i particularly liked how everest extended this idea of curation to the rules that sit on top of the models, which select and deslect particular interactions that are useful in a particular context. it feels like this creative practice that everest provides a view into could actually be more prevalent than the popular press might have it. there is so much focus on obtaining larger and larger datasets, and neural networks with more and more synapses to approach the complexity found in the brain. rather than the selection of an algorithm, tuning its hyperparameters, and the vast infrastructures for training, being the secret sauce perhaps the data that is selected, and how model interactions are interpreted are more equally if not more important, especially in particular contexts. i guess this also highlights why data assets are so guarded, and why projects like wikipedia and common crawl are so important for tools like gpt- and spacy. it would be pretty cool to be able to select a model based on some subset, or subsets in a dataset like commoncrawl. like for example if you wanted to generate text based on text in a fan fiction site like ao –or even an author or set of authors within an ao . maybe something like that already exists? library of congress subject headings - lc linked data service: authorities and vocabularies | library of congress skip navigation 	 	 library of congress search 		 everything audio recordings books/printed material films, videos legislation manuscripts/mixed material maps notated music newspapers periodicals personal narratives photos, prints, drawings software, e-resources archived web sites web pages d objects 		 suggestions enabled. 		 search 		 		 search toggle menu 		 	discover 	services 	visit 	education 	connect 	about 		 	ask a librarian 	help 	contact 		 	search online catalog 	copyright.gov 	congress.gov 		 	 the library of congress > linked data service > lc subject headings (lcsh) 		go search inall lc subject headings (lcsh) lc name authority file (lcnaf) lc classification (lcc) lc children's subject headings lc genre/form terms (lcgft) lc medium of performance thesaurus for music (lcmpt) marc languages iso - languages iso - languages iso - languages marc countries thesaurus for graphic materials (tgm) afs ethnographic thesaurus cultural heritage organizations rbms lists rbms thesauri rbms relators marc geographic areas (gac) marc genre terms marc list for genre terms aspect ratio authentication action broadcast standard carriers color content content types description conventions sound capture and storage encoding format encoding level font size file type generation government publication type groove width/pitch/cutting identifier status illustrative content intended audience issuance layout lc demographic group terms (lcdgt) social [soc] occupation/field of activity [occ] age [age] educational level [edu] ethnic/cultural [eth] gender [gdr] language [lng] medical, psychological, and disability [mpd] national/regional [nat] religion [rel] sexual orientation [sxo] media types music notation notated music form playback playing speed polarity presentation format production method projection publication frequencies recording medium recording type reduction ratio regional encoding relators relief resource components scale script serial publication type sound content special playback characteristics supplementary content support material tactile notation tape configuration technique video format bibframe ontology bibframe ontology lc extension mads/rdf ontology extended date/time format (edtf) fingerprint scheme source codes language code and term source codes musical composition form code source codes musical instrumentation and voice code source codes name and title authority source codes national bibliography number source codes resource types scheme standard identifier schemes genre/form schemes subject schemes classification schemes bibframe works bibframe instances bibframe hubs premis ontology preservation vocabs (all) actions granted agent type event outcome preservation level content location type copyright status cryptographic hash functions environment characteristic environment function type environment purpose environment registry role event related agent role event related object role event type format registry role hardware type inhibitor target inhibitor type linking agent role event linking environment role object category preservation level role relationship subtype relationship type rights basis rights related agent role signature encoding signature method software type storage medium 	 library of congress subject headings 	library of congress subject headings (lcsh) has been actively maintained since to catalog materials held at the library of congress. by virtue of cooperative cataloging other libraries around the united states also use lcsh to provide subject access to their collections. in addition lcsh is used internationally, often in translation. lcsh in this service includes all library of congress subject headings, free-floating subdivisions (topical and form), genre/form headings, children's (ac) headings, and validation strings* for which authority records have been created. the content includes a few name headings (personal and corporate), such as william shakespeare, jesus christ, and harvard university, and geographic headings that are added to lcsh as they are needed to establish subdivisions, provide a pattern for subdivision practice, or provide reference structure for other terms. this content is expanded beyond the print issue of lcsh (the "red books") with inclusion of validation strings. *validation strings: some authority records are for headings that have been built by adding subdivisions. these records are the result of an ongoing project to programmatically create authority records for valid subject strings from subject heading strings found in bibliographic records. the authority records for these subject strings were created so the entire string could be machine-validated. the strings do not have broader, narrower, or related terms. 	uri(s) 	http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects 	http://id.loc.gov/authorities#conceptscheme 	instance of 	mads/rdf madsscheme 	skos conceptscheme 	scheme members 	lcsh collection - authorized headings 	lcsh collection - general collection 	lcsh collection - children's headings 	lcsh collection - may subdivide geographically indirect 	lcsh collection - term permitted to be directly subdivided geographically 	lcsh collection - subdivisions 	lcsh collection - topic subdivisions 	lcsh collection - genreform subdivisions 	lcsh collection - temporal subdivisions 	lcsh collection - geographic subdivisions 	lcsh collection - language subdivisions 	change notes 			 	 - - : modified 	alternate formats 	rdf/xml (mads and skos) 	n-triples (mads and skos) 	json (mads/rdf and skos/rdf) 	mads - rdf/xml 	mads - n-triples 	mads/rdf - json 	skos - rdf/xml 	skos - n-triples 	skos - json 	subject of works 	looking for related works... 	contributor to works 	looking for related works... 	 	follow us	 email 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 pinterest 	 flickr 	 instagram 	 itunes 	take our survey external 	accessibility 	legal 	inspector general 	external link disclaimer 	usa.gov 	careers 	contact 	media 	donate 	shop 	congress.gov 	united states copyright office standard identifier schemes - lc linked data service: authorities and vocabularies | library of congress skip navigation 	 	 library of congress search 		 everything audio recordings books/printed material films, videos legislation manuscripts/mixed material maps notated music newspapers periodicals personal narratives photos, prints, drawings software, e-resources archived web sites web pages d objects 		 suggestions enabled. 		 search 		 		 search toggle menu 		 	discover 	services 	visit 	education 	connect 	about 		 	ask a librarian 	help 	contact 		 	search online catalog 	copyright.gov 	congress.gov 		 	 the library of congress > linked data service > standard identifier schemes 		go search inall lc subject headings (lcsh) lc name authority file (lcnaf) lc classification (lcc) lc children's subject headings lc genre/form terms (lcgft) lc medium of performance thesaurus for music (lcmpt) marc languages iso - languages iso - languages iso - languages marc countries thesaurus for graphic materials (tgm) afs ethnographic thesaurus cultural heritage organizations rbms lists rbms thesauri rbms relators marc geographic areas (gac) marc genre terms marc list for genre terms aspect ratio authentication action broadcast standard carriers color content content types description conventions sound capture and storage encoding format encoding level font size file type generation government publication type groove width/pitch/cutting identifier status illustrative content intended audience issuance layout lc demographic group terms (lcdgt) social [soc] occupation/field of activity [occ] age [age] educational level [edu] ethnic/cultural [eth] gender [gdr] language [lng] medical, psychological, and disability [mpd] national/regional [nat] religion [rel] sexual orientation [sxo] media types music notation notated music form playback playing speed polarity presentation format production method projection publication frequencies recording medium recording type reduction ratio regional encoding relators relief resource components scale script serial publication type sound content special playback characteristics supplementary content support material tactile notation tape configuration technique video format bibframe ontology bibframe ontology lc extension mads/rdf ontology extended date/time format (edtf) fingerprint scheme source codes language code and term source codes musical composition form code source codes musical instrumentation and voice code source codes name and title authority source codes national bibliography number source codes resource types scheme standard identifier schemes genre/form schemes subject schemes classification schemes bibframe works bibframe instances bibframe hubs premis ontology preservation vocabs (all) actions granted agent type event outcome preservation level content location type copyright status cryptographic hash functions environment characteristic environment function type environment purpose environment registry role event related agent role event related object role event type format registry role hardware type inhibitor target inhibitor type linking agent role event linking environment role object category preservation level role relationship subtype relationship type rights basis rights related agent role signature encoding signature method software type storage medium 	 standard identifier schemes 	standard identifiers scheme lists standard number or code systems and assigns a uri to each database or publication that defines or contains the identifiers. the purpose of these source codes is to enable the type of standard numbers or codes in resource descriptions to be indicated by uri. 	uri(s) 	http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/identifiers 	instance of 	mads/rdf madsscheme 	skos conceptscheme 	scheme members 	agrovoc multilingual agricultural thesaurus 	allmovie 	allmusic 	allociné 	american national biography online 	american national standards institute and national information standards organisation number for an ansi or ansi/niso standard 	artsy 	bfi - british film institute 	biographical directory of the united states congress 	bnf catalogue général 	canadian geographical names database 	cantic (biblioteca de catalunya) 	danacode 	datos.bne.es 	det danske filminstitut filmdatabasen 	digital object identifier 	discogs 	eidr: entertainment identifier registry 	fast - faceted application of subject terminology 	filmportal.de 	find a grave 	freebase 	gemeinsame normdatei 	geographic names database 	geographic names information system (united states geological survey, board on geographic names) 	geonames 	getty thesaurus of geographic names online 	global trade identification number 	gran enciclopèdia catalana 	handle 	ibdb - internet broadway database 	idref: le référentiel des autorités sudoc 	imdb - internet movie database 	international article number 	international organization for standardization number for an iso standard 	international standard audiovisual number 	international standard book number 	international standard music number 	international standard musical work code 	international standard name identifier 	international standard recording code 	international standard serial number 	international standard text code 	isbn registrant element [note: refers to the part of the isbn number that is stable for a publisher's publications (the registrant element).] 	isil 	itar 	libraries australia 	library of congress control number 	library of congress manuscript division 	linking international standard serial number 	locally defined identifier 	munzinger 	museum of modern art 	musicbrainz 	national gallery of art 	national portrait gallery 	nndb 	número de identificación de las publicaciones oficiales 	open researcher and contributor identifier 	openstreetmap 	oxford biography index 	oxford dictionary of national biography 	port.hu 	publisher-assigned music number 	publisher-assigned videorecording number 	publisher, distributor, or vendor stock number 	publisher's music plate number 	rbms controlled vocabularies: binding terms 	rbms controlled vocabularies: genre terms 	rbms controlled vocabularies: paper terms 	rbms controlled vocabularies: printing and publishing terms 	rbms controlled vocabularies: provenance evidence 	rbms controlled vocabularies: relationship designators 	rbms controlled vocabularies: type evidence 	researcherid 	rkdartists& 	scholar universe 	scope 	scopus author identifier 	serial item and contribution identifier 	smithsonian american art museum 	sound recording issue number 	sound recording matrix number 	sports reference: baseball 	sports reference: basketball 	sports reference: college basketball 	sports reference: college football 	sports reference: hockey 	sports reference: olympic sports 	sports reference: pro football 	spotify 	standard technical report number 	svensk filmdatabas 	tate artist identifier 	theatricalia 	trove 	u.s. national gazetteer feature name identifier 	uniform resource identifier 	uniform resource name 	union list of artist names online 	universal product code 	virtual international authority file number 	web ndl authorities ) 	wikidata 	КиноПоиск = kinopoisk 	http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/identifiers/isbn-a 	alternate formats 	rdf/xml (mads and skos) 	n-triples (mads and skos) 	json (mads/rdf and skos/rdf) 	mads - rdf/xml 	mads - n-triples 	mads/rdf - json 	skos - rdf/xml 	skos - n-triples 	skos - json 	subject of works 	looking for related works... 	contributor to works 	looking for related works... 	 	follow us	 email 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 pinterest 	 flickr 	 instagram 	 itunes 	take our survey external 	accessibility 	legal 	inspector general 	external link disclaimer 	usa.gov 	careers 	contact 	media 	donate 	shop 	congress.gov 	united states copyright office inkdroid inkdroid paper or plastic 	 for an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { &quot;country&quot;: &quot;us&quot;, &quot;year&quot;: &quot; &quot;, &quot;format&quot;: [ &quot;vinyl&quot;, &quot;lp&quot;, &quot;album&quot; ], &quot;label&quot;: [ &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;electrosound group midwest, inc.&quot;, &quot;night garden music&quot;, &quot;unichappell music, inc.&quot;, &quot;reflection sound studios&quot;, &quot;sterling sound&quot; ], &quot;type&quot;: &quot;master&quot;, &quot;genre&quot;: [ &quot;rock&quot; ], &quot;style&quot;: [ &quot;indie rock&quot; ], &quot;id&quot;: , &quot;barcode&quot;: [ &quot;sp- -a&quot;, &quot;sp- -b&quot;, &quot;sp a es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sterling&quot;, &quot;(b)&quot;, &quot;bmi&quot; ], &quot;user_data&quot;: { &quot;in_wantlist&quot;: false, &quot;in_collection&quot;: false }, &quot;master_id&quot;: , &quot;master_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;uri&quot;: &quot;/rem-murmur/master/ &quot;, &quot;catno&quot;: &quot;sp &quot;, &quot;title&quot;: &quot;r.e.m. - murmur&quot;, &quot;thumb&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e &quot;, &quot;cover_image&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df &quot;, &quot;resource_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;community&quot;: { &quot;want&quot;: , &quot;have&quot;: } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy &amp; carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken &amp; nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur 	diss music i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition 	 years of robots.txt after just over years of use the robots exclusion standard, otherwise known as robots.txt is being standardized at the ietf. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it announced the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the latest draft having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, desire lines if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets (russell, ). but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, &amp; councill, ; thelwall &amp; stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. 	curation communities as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. 	mystery file! we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) 	kettle kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again 	static-dynamic at work we’ve been moving lots of previously dynamic web sites over to being static sites. many of these sites have been wordpress, omeka or custom sites for projects that are no longer active, but which retain value as a record of the research. this effort has been the work of many hands, and has largely been driven (at least from my perspective) by an urge to make the websites less dependent on resources like databases, and custom code to render content. but we are certainly not alone in seeing the value of static site technology, especially in humanities scholarship. the underlying idea here is that a static site makes the content more resilient, or less prone to failure over time, because there are less moving pieces involved in keeping it both on and of the web. the pieces that are moving are tried-and-true software like web browsers and web servers, instead of pieces of software that have had less eyes on them (my code). the web has changed a lot over its lifetime, but the standards and software of the web have stayed remarkably backwards compatible (rosenthal, ). there is long term value in mainstreaming your web publishing practices and investing in these foundational technologies and standards. since they have less moving pieces static site architectures are also (in theory) more efficient. there is a hope that static sites lower the computational resources needed to keep your content on the web, which is good for the pocketbook and, more importantly, good for the environment. while there have been interesting experiments like this static site driven by solar energy it would be good to get some measurements on how significant these changes are. as i will discuss here in this post, i think static site technology can often push dynamic processing out of the picture frame, where it is less open to measurement. migrating completed projects to static sites has been fairly uncontroversial when the project is no longer being added to or altered. site owners have been amenable to the transformation, especially when we tell them that this will help ensure that their content stays online in a meaningful and useful way. it’s often important to explain that “static” doesn’t mean their website will be rendered as an image or a pdf, or that the links won’t be navigable. sometimes we’ve needed to negotiate the disabling of a search box. but it usually has sufficed to show how much the search is used (server logs are handy for this), and to point out that most people search for things elsewhere (e.g google) and arrive at their website. so it has been a price worth paying. but i think this may say more about the nature of the projects we were curating, than it does about web content in general. ymmv. cue the “there are no silver bullets” soundtrack. hmm, what would that soundtrack sound like? continuing on… for ongoing projects where the content is changing, we’ve also been trying to use static site technology. understandably there is a bit of an impedance mismatch between static site technology and dynamic curation of content. if the curators are comfortable with things like editing markdown and doing git commits/pushes things can go well. but if people aren’t invested in learning those things there is a danger that making a site static can well, make it too static, which can have significant consequences for an active project that uses the web as a canvas. one way of adjusting for this is to make the static site more dynamic. it’s ok if you lol here. this tacking back can be achieved in a multitude of ways, but they mostly boil down to: curating content in another dynamic platform and having an export of that data integrated statically into the website at build time (not at runtime). curating content in another dynamic platform and including it at runtime in your web application using the platform’s api. for example think of how google maps is embedded in a webpage. the advantage to # is that the curation platform can go away, and you still have your site, and your data, and are able to build it. but the disadvantage is that curatorial changes to the data do not get reflected in the website until the next build. the advantage to # is that you don’t need to manage the data assets, and changes made in the platform are immediately available in the web application. but the downside is that your website is totally dependent on this external platform. the platform could choose to change their api, put the service behind a paywall, shut down the service or completely go out of business. actually, it is a certainty that one of these will eventually happen. so, depending on the specifics, this kind of static site is arguably more vulnerable than the previous dynamic web application. we’ve mostly been focused on scenario # in our recent work creating static sites for dynamic projects. for example we’ve been getting some good use of of airtable as a content curation platform in conjunction with gatsby and its gatsby-source-airtable plugin, which makes the airtable data available via a graphql query that gets run at build time. once built the pages have the data cooked into them, so airtable can go away and our site will be fine. but the build is still quite dependent on airtable. in the (soon to be released) unlocking the airwaves project we also are using airtable but we didn’t use the graphql plugin, mostly because i didn’t know about it at the time. on that project there is a fetch-data utility that will talk to our airtable base and persist the data into the git reposistory as json files. these json files are then queried as part of the build process. this means the build is insulated from changes in airtable, and that you can choose when to pull the latest airtable data down. but the big downside to this approach is that when curators make changes in airtable they want to see them reflected in the website quickly. they understandably don’t want to have to ask someone else for a build, or figure out how to build and push the site themselves. they just want their work to be available to others. one stopgap between and that we’ve developed recently is to create a special table in airtable called releases. a curator can add a row with their name, a description, and a tagged version of the site to use, which will cause a build of the website to be deployed. we have a program that runs from cron every few minutes and looks at this table and then decides whether a build of the site is needed. it is still early days so i’m not sure how well this approach will work in practice. it took a little bit of head scratching to come up with an initial solution where the release program uses this airtable row as a lock to prevent multiple deploy processes from starting at the same time. experience will show if we got this right. let me know if you are interested in the details. but stepping back a moment i think it’s interesting how static site web technology simultaneously creates a site of static content, while also pushing dynamic processing outwards into other places like this little airtable releases table, or one of the many so called jamstack service providers. this is where the legibility of the processing gets lost, and it becomes even more difficult to ascertain the environmental impact of the architectural shift. what is the environmental impact of our use of netlifycms or airtable? it’s almost impossible to say, whereas before when we were running all the pieces ourselves it was conceiveable that we could audit them. these platforms are also sites of extraction as well, where it’s difficult to even know what economies our data are even participating in. this is all to say that understanding the motivations to go static are complicated, and more work could be done to strategically think through some of these design decisions in a repeatable and generative way. references rosenthal, d. ( ). the half-life of digital formats. retrieved from https://blog.dshr.org/ / /half-life-of-digital-formats.html 	dark reading i just made a donation to the dark reader project over on open collective. if you haven’t seen it before dark reader is a browser plugin (firefox, chrome, edge, safari) that lets you enable dark mode on websites that don’t support it. it has lots of useful configuration settings, and allows you to easily turn it on and off for particular web sites. for most of my life i’ve actually preferred light backgrounds for my text editor. but for the past year or so as my eyes have gotten worse i’ve enabled dark mode in vim and gradually in any application or website that will let me. i’m not an eye doctor, but it seems that the additional light from the screen reflects off of whatever material constitutes the cataracts in the lenses of my eyes, which causes everything to fuzz out, and for text to become basically illegible. being able to turn on dark mode has meant i’ve been able continue to read online, although it still can be difficult. dark reader lets me turn on dark mode for other websites that don’t support it, which has been a real life saver. so it was nice to be able to say thank you. just as an aside, i’ve been using open collective for a few years now, to donate regularly to the social.coop project which is how i’m doing social media these days. realizing dark reader was on open collective too made me think how i should really look at more open source projects to support that are on there. it also made me think that perhaps open collective could be a useful platform for the [documenting the now] project to look at to support some of the tools it has developed, as the project draws down on its grant funding and moves into sustaining some of the things it has started. perhaps it would be useful for other projects like webrecorder potentially too? ps. it’s enabled here on my blog for people who have their browser/os set to dark mode. 	seeing software today i presented a paper at the international conference on the history of records and archives (ichora) that shared some of the results of my field study at the national software reference library. the basic gist of the talk is that appraisal in web archives (at least in the case of the nsrl) is intrinsically tied to use, but not use in the typical sense, where use is only conceived in terms of research. i use sarah ahmed’s book what’s the use and specifically her technique of examining the “use of use” and the “strange temporalities of use” as an analytical frame for examining the valuation of archival records. the varieties of use, misuse and disuse provide a window into how this web archive participates in a network of actors that discipline digital preservation, law enforcement, national security and defense. since the conference is remote i decided to record my talk, in order to make sure i timed things properly–i have a tendency to wander. unfortunately it seems that recording the talk on linux and playing it back through zoom turned out to be problematic. the slides didn’t neatly transition from one to the other, but left graphic artifacts behind. but luckily the audio worked ok, and the display in peertube is just fine: this talk actually forms the core of my dissertation defense next week, assuming the world still exists then. i was a bit surprised that nobody balked at my claim that appraisal is tied to use, and that records in web archives have no intrinsic value (e.g. as evidence) unless you consider the use of use. i choose to interpret this as the happy result of me making a really good case ;-) 	curating corpora here’s a really nice talk by everest pipkin about the need to curate datasets for generative text algorithms, especially when they are being used in creative work. everest considers creative work broadly as any work where care for the experience is important. to curate your own corpora is to let you have a hyper-specific control for the tone, vibe, content, ethics, language, and poetics of that space. since i’m teaching a data curation class in an information studies department this semester, but i also work in a digital humanities center, this approach to understanding the algorithmic impacts of data curation is super interesting to me. i particularly liked how everest extended this idea of curation to the rules that sit on top of the models, which select and deslect particular interactions that are useful in a particular context. it feels like this creative practice that everest provides a view into could actually be more prevalent than the popular press might have it. there is so much focus on obtaining larger and larger datasets, and neural networks with more and more synapses to approach the complexity found in the brain. rather than the selection of an algorithm, tuning its hyperparameters, and the vast infrastructures for training, being the secret sauce perhaps the data that is selected, and how model interactions are interpreted are more equally if not more important, especially in particular contexts. i guess this also highlights why data assets are so guarded, and why projects like wikipedia and common crawl are so important for tools like gpt- and spacy. it would be pretty cool to be able to select a model based on some subset, or subsets in a dataset like commoncrawl. like for example if you wanted to generate text based on text in a fan fiction site like ao –or even an author or set of authors within an ao . maybe something like that already exists? inkdroid inkdroid paper or plastic 	 for an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { &quot;country&quot;: &quot;us&quot;, &quot;year&quot;: &quot; &quot;, &quot;format&quot;: [ &quot;vinyl&quot;, &quot;lp&quot;, &quot;album&quot; ], &quot;label&quot;: [ &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;electrosound group midwest, inc.&quot;, &quot;night garden music&quot;, &quot;unichappell music, inc.&quot;, &quot;reflection sound studios&quot;, &quot;sterling sound&quot; ], &quot;type&quot;: &quot;master&quot;, &quot;genre&quot;: [ &quot;rock&quot; ], &quot;style&quot;: [ &quot;indie rock&quot; ], &quot;id&quot;: , &quot;barcode&quot;: [ &quot;sp- -a&quot;, &quot;sp- -b&quot;, &quot;sp a es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sterling&quot;, &quot;(b)&quot;, &quot;bmi&quot; ], &quot;user_data&quot;: { &quot;in_wantlist&quot;: false, &quot;in_collection&quot;: false }, &quot;master_id&quot;: , &quot;master_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;uri&quot;: &quot;/rem-murmur/master/ &quot;, &quot;catno&quot;: &quot;sp &quot;, &quot;title&quot;: &quot;r.e.m. - murmur&quot;, &quot;thumb&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e &quot;, &quot;cover_image&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df &quot;, &quot;resource_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;community&quot;: { &quot;want&quot;: , &quot;have&quot;: } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy &amp; carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken &amp; nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur 	diss music i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition 	 years of robots.txt after just over years of use the robots exclusion standard, otherwise known as robots.txt is being standardized at the ietf. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it announced the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the latest draft having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, desire lines if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets (russell, ). but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, &amp; councill, ; thelwall &amp; stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. 	curation communities as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. 	mystery file! we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) 	kettle kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again 	static-dynamic at work we’ve been moving lots of previously dynamic web sites over to being static sites. many of these sites have been wordpress, omeka or custom sites for projects that are no longer active, but which retain value as a record of the research. this effort has been the work of many hands, and has largely been driven (at least from my perspective) by an urge to make the websites less dependent on resources like databases, and custom code to render content. but we are certainly not alone in seeing the value of static site technology, especially in humanities scholarship. the underlying idea here is that a static site makes the content more resilient, or less prone to failure over time, because there are less moving pieces involved in keeping it both on and of the web. the pieces that are moving are tried-and-true software like web browsers and web servers, instead of pieces of software that have had less eyes on them (my code). the web has changed a lot over its lifetime, but the standards and software of the web have stayed remarkably backwards compatible (rosenthal, ). there is long term value in mainstreaming your web publishing practices and investing in these foundational technologies and standards. since they have less moving pieces static site architectures are also (in theory) more efficient. there is a hope that static sites lower the computational resources needed to keep your content on the web, which is good for the pocketbook and, more importantly, good for the environment. while there have been interesting experiments like this static site driven by solar energy it would be good to get some measurements on how significant these changes are. as i will discuss here in this post, i think static site technology can often push dynamic processing out of the picture frame, where it is less open to measurement. migrating completed projects to static sites has been fairly uncontroversial when the project is no longer being added to or altered. site owners have been amenable to the transformation, especially when we tell them that this will help ensure that their content stays online in a meaningful and useful way. it’s often important to explain that “static” doesn’t mean their website will be rendered as an image or a pdf, or that the links won’t be navigable. sometimes we’ve needed to negotiate the disabling of a search box. but it usually has sufficed to show how much the search is used (server logs are handy for this), and to point out that most people search for things elsewhere (e.g google) and arrive at their website. so it has been a price worth paying. but i think this may say more about the nature of the projects we were curating, than it does about web content in general. ymmv. cue the “there are no silver bullets” soundtrack. hmm, what would that soundtrack sound like? continuing on… for ongoing projects where the content is changing, we’ve also been trying to use static site technology. understandably there is a bit of an impedance mismatch between static site technology and dynamic curation of content. if the curators are comfortable with things like editing markdown and doing git commits/pushes things can go well. but if people aren’t invested in learning those things there is a danger that making a site static can well, make it too static, which can have significant consequences for an active project that uses the web as a canvas. one way of adjusting for this is to make the static site more dynamic. it’s ok if you lol here. this tacking back can be achieved in a multitude of ways, but they mostly boil down to: curating content in another dynamic platform and having an export of that data integrated statically into the website at build time (not at runtime). curating content in another dynamic platform and including it at runtime in your web application using the platform’s api. for example think of how google maps is embedded in a webpage. the advantage to # is that the curation platform can go away, and you still have your site, and your data, and are able to build it. but the disadvantage is that curatorial changes to the data do not get reflected in the website until the next build. the advantage to # is that you don’t need to manage the data assets, and changes made in the platform are immediately available in the web application. but the downside is that your website is totally dependent on this external platform. the platform could choose to change their api, put the service behind a paywall, shut down the service or completely go out of business. actually, it is a certainty that one of these will eventually happen. so, depending on the specifics, this kind of static site is arguably more vulnerable than the previous dynamic web application. we’ve mostly been focused on scenario # in our recent work creating static sites for dynamic projects. for example we’ve been getting some good use of of airtable as a content curation platform in conjunction with gatsby and its gatsby-source-airtable plugin, which makes the airtable data available via a graphql query that gets run at build time. once built the pages have the data cooked into them, so airtable can go away and our site will be fine. but the build is still quite dependent on airtable. in the (soon to be released) unlocking the airwaves project we also are using airtable but we didn’t use the graphql plugin, mostly because i didn’t know about it at the time. on that project there is a fetch-data utility that will talk to our airtable base and persist the data into the git reposistory as json files. these json files are then queried as part of the build process. this means the build is insulated from changes in airtable, and that you can choose when to pull the latest airtable data down. but the big downside to this approach is that when curators make changes in airtable they want to see them reflected in the website quickly. they understandably don’t want to have to ask someone else for a build, or figure out how to build and push the site themselves. they just want their work to be available to others. one stopgap between and that we’ve developed recently is to create a special table in airtable called releases. a curator can add a row with their name, a description, and a tagged version of the site to use, which will cause a build of the website to be deployed. we have a program that runs from cron every few minutes and looks at this table and then decides whether a build of the site is needed. it is still early days so i’m not sure how well this approach will work in practice. it took a little bit of head scratching to come up with an initial solution where the release program uses this airtable row as a lock to prevent multiple deploy processes from starting at the same time. experience will show if we got this right. let me know if you are interested in the details. but stepping back a moment i think it’s interesting how static site web technology simultaneously creates a site of static content, while also pushing dynamic processing outwards into other places like this little airtable releases table, or one of the many so called jamstack service providers. this is where the legibility of the processing gets lost, and it becomes even more difficult to ascertain the environmental impact of the architectural shift. what is the environmental impact of our use of netlifycms or airtable? it’s almost impossible to say, whereas before when we were running all the pieces ourselves it was conceiveable that we could audit them. these platforms are also sites of extraction as well, where it’s difficult to even know what economies our data are even participating in. this is all to say that understanding the motivations to go static are complicated, and more work could be done to strategically think through some of these design decisions in a repeatable and generative way. references rosenthal, d. ( ). the half-life of digital formats. retrieved from https://blog.dshr.org/ / /half-life-of-digital-formats.html 	dark reading i just made a donation to the dark reader project over on open collective. if you haven’t seen it before dark reader is a browser plugin (firefox, chrome, edge, safari) that lets you enable dark mode on websites that don’t support it. it has lots of useful configuration settings, and allows you to easily turn it on and off for particular web sites. for most of my life i’ve actually preferred light backgrounds for my text editor. but for the past year or so as my eyes have gotten worse i’ve enabled dark mode in vim and gradually in any application or website that will let me. i’m not an eye doctor, but it seems that the additional light from the screen reflects off of whatever material constitutes the cataracts in the lenses of my eyes, which causes everything to fuzz out, and for text to become basically illegible. being able to turn on dark mode has meant i’ve been able continue to read online, although it still can be difficult. dark reader lets me turn on dark mode for other websites that don’t support it, which has been a real life saver. so it was nice to be able to say thank you. just as an aside, i’ve been using open collective for a few years now, to donate regularly to the social.coop project which is how i’m doing social media these days. realizing dark reader was on open collective too made me think how i should really look at more open source projects to support that are on there. it also made me think that perhaps open collective could be a useful platform for the [documenting the now] project to look at to support some of the tools it has developed, as the project draws down on its grant funding and moves into sustaining some of the things it has started. perhaps it would be useful for other projects like webrecorder potentially too? ps. it’s enabled here on my blog for people who have their browser/os set to dark mode. 	seeing software today i presented a paper at the international conference on the history of records and archives (ichora) that shared some of the results of my field study at the national software reference library. the basic gist of the talk is that appraisal in web archives (at least in the case of the nsrl) is intrinsically tied to use, but not use in the typical sense, where use is only conceived in terms of research. i use sarah ahmed’s book what’s the use and specifically her technique of examining the “use of use” and the “strange temporalities of use” as an analytical frame for examining the valuation of archival records. the varieties of use, misuse and disuse provide a window into how this web archive participates in a network of actors that discipline digital preservation, law enforcement, national security and defense. since the conference is remote i decided to record my talk, in order to make sure i timed things properly–i have a tendency to wander. unfortunately it seems that recording the talk on linux and playing it back through zoom turned out to be problematic. the slides didn’t neatly transition from one to the other, but left graphic artifacts behind. but luckily the audio worked ok, and the display in peertube is just fine: this talk actually forms the core of my dissertation defense next week, assuming the world still exists then. i was a bit surprised that nobody balked at my claim that appraisal is tied to use, and that records in web archives have no intrinsic value (e.g. as evidence) unless you consider the use of use. i choose to interpret this as the happy result of me making a really good case ;-) 	curating corpora here’s a really nice talk by everest pipkin about the need to curate datasets for generative text algorithms, especially when they are being used in creative work. everest considers creative work broadly as any work where care for the experience is important. to curate your own corpora is to let you have a hyper-specific control for the tone, vibe, content, ethics, language, and poetics of that space. since i’m teaching a data curation class in an information studies department this semester, but i also work in a digital humanities center, this approach to understanding the algorithmic impacts of data curation is super interesting to me. i particularly liked how everest extended this idea of curation to the rules that sit on top of the models, which select and deslect particular interactions that are useful in a particular context. it feels like this creative practice that everest provides a view into could actually be more prevalent than the popular press might have it. there is so much focus on obtaining larger and larger datasets, and neural networks with more and more synapses to approach the complexity found in the brain. rather than the selection of an algorithm, tuning its hyperparameters, and the vast infrastructures for training, being the secret sauce perhaps the data that is selected, and how model interactions are interpreted are more equally if not more important, especially in particular contexts. i guess this also highlights why data assets are so guarded, and why projects like wikipedia and common crawl are so important for tools like gpt- and spacy. it would be pretty cool to be able to select a model based on some subset, or subsets in a dataset like commoncrawl. like for example if you wanted to generate text based on text in a fan fiction site like ao –or even an author or set of authors within an ao . maybe something like that already exists? none inkdroid inkdroid paper or plastic 	 for an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { &quot;country&quot;: &quot;us&quot;, &quot;year&quot;: &quot; &quot;, &quot;format&quot;: [ &quot;vinyl&quot;, &quot;lp&quot;, &quot;album&quot; ], &quot;label&quot;: [ &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;i.r.s. records&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;a&amp;m records, inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;i.r.s., inc.&quot;, &quot;electrosound group midwest, inc.&quot;, &quot;night garden music&quot;, &quot;unichappell music, inc.&quot;, &quot;reflection sound studios&quot;, &quot;sterling sound&quot; ], &quot;type&quot;: &quot;master&quot;, &quot;genre&quot;: [ &quot;rock&quot; ], &quot;style&quot;: [ &quot;indie rock&quot; ], &quot;id&quot;: , &quot;barcode&quot;: [ &quot;sp- -a&quot;, &quot;sp- -b&quot;, &quot;sp a es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sp -b-es emw&quot;, &quot;sterling&quot;, &quot;(b)&quot;, &quot;bmi&quot; ], &quot;user_data&quot;: { &quot;in_wantlist&quot;: false, &quot;in_collection&quot;: false }, &quot;master_id&quot;: , &quot;master_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;uri&quot;: &quot;/rem-murmur/master/ &quot;, &quot;catno&quot;: &quot;sp &quot;, &quot;title&quot;: &quot;r.e.m. - murmur&quot;, &quot;thumb&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e &quot;, &quot;cover_image&quot;: &quot;https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df &quot;, &quot;resource_url&quot;: &quot;https://api.discogs.com/masters/ &quot;, &quot;community&quot;: { &quot;want&quot;: , &quot;have&quot;: } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy &amp; carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken &amp; nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur 	diss music i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. .albums { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } .album { margin: px; max-width : px; text-align: center; border: thin solid #eee; } .album img { max-width: px; } - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition 	 years of robots.txt after just over years of use the robots exclusion standard, otherwise known as robots.txt is being standardized at the ietf. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it announced the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the latest draft having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, desire lines if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets (russell, ). but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, &amp; councill, ; thelwall &amp; stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. 	curation communities as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. 	mystery file! we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) 	kettle kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again 	static-dynamic at work we’ve been moving lots of previously dynamic web sites over to being static sites. many of these sites have been wordpress, omeka or custom sites for projects that are no longer active, but which retain value as a record of the research. this effort has been the work of many hands, and has largely been driven (at least from my perspective) by an urge to make the websites less dependent on resources like databases, and custom code to render content. but we are certainly not alone in seeing the value of static site technology, especially in humanities scholarship. the underlying idea here is that a static site makes the content more resilient, or less prone to failure over time, because there are less moving pieces involved in keeping it both on and of the web. the pieces that are moving are tried-and-true software like web browsers and web servers, instead of pieces of software that have had less eyes on them (my code). the web has changed a lot over its lifetime, but the standards and software of the web have stayed remarkably backwards compatible (rosenthal, ). there is long term value in mainstreaming your web publishing practices and investing in these foundational technologies and standards. since they have less moving pieces static site architectures are also (in theory) more efficient. there is a hope that static sites lower the computational resources needed to keep your content on the web, which is good for the pocketbook and, more importantly, good for the environment. while there have been interesting experiments like this static site driven by solar energy it would be good to get some measurements on how significant these changes are. as i will discuss here in this post, i think static site technology can often push dynamic processing out of the picture frame, where it is less open to measurement. migrating completed projects to static sites has been fairly uncontroversial when the project is no longer being added to or altered. site owners have been amenable to the transformation, especially when we tell them that this will help ensure that their content stays online in a meaningful and useful way. it’s often important to explain that “static” doesn’t mean their website will be rendered as an image or a pdf, or that the links won’t be navigable. sometimes we’ve needed to negotiate the disabling of a search box. but it usually has sufficed to show how much the search is used (server logs are handy for this), and to point out that most people search for things elsewhere (e.g google) and arrive at their website. so it has been a price worth paying. but i think this may say more about the nature of the projects we were curating, than it does about web content in general. ymmv. cue the “there are no silver bullets” soundtrack. hmm, what would that soundtrack sound like? continuing on… for ongoing projects where the content is changing, we’ve also been trying to use static site technology. understandably there is a bit of an impedance mismatch between static site technology and dynamic curation of content. if the curators are comfortable with things like editing markdown and doing git commits/pushes things can go well. but if people aren’t invested in learning those things there is a danger that making a site static can well, make it too static, which can have significant consequences for an active project that uses the web as a canvas. one way of adjusting for this is to make the static site more dynamic. it’s ok if you lol here. this tacking back can be achieved in a multitude of ways, but they mostly boil down to: curating content in another dynamic platform and having an export of that data integrated statically into the website at build time (not at runtime). curating content in another dynamic platform and including it at runtime in your web application using the platform’s api. for example think of how google maps is embedded in a webpage. the advantage to # is that the curation platform can go away, and you still have your site, and your data, and are able to build it. but the disadvantage is that curatorial changes to the data do not get reflected in the website until the next build. the advantage to # is that you don’t need to manage the data assets, and changes made in the platform are immediately available in the web application. but the downside is that your website is totally dependent on this external platform. the platform could choose to change their api, put the service behind a paywall, shut down the service or completely go out of business. actually, it is a certainty that one of these will eventually happen. so, depending on the specifics, this kind of static site is arguably more vulnerable than the previous dynamic web application. we’ve mostly been focused on scenario # in our recent work creating static sites for dynamic projects. for example we’ve been getting some good use of of airtable as a content curation platform in conjunction with gatsby and its gatsby-source-airtable plugin, which makes the airtable data available via a graphql query that gets run at build time. once built the pages have the data cooked into them, so airtable can go away and our site will be fine. but the build is still quite dependent on airtable. in the (soon to be released) unlocking the airwaves project we also are using airtable but we didn’t use the graphql plugin, mostly because i didn’t know about it at the time. on that project there is a fetch-data utility that will talk to our airtable base and persist the data into the git reposistory as json files. these json files are then queried as part of the build process. this means the build is insulated from changes in airtable, and that you can choose when to pull the latest airtable data down. but the big downside to this approach is that when curators make changes in airtable they want to see them reflected in the website quickly. they understandably don’t want to have to ask someone else for a build, or figure out how to build and push the site themselves. they just want their work to be available to others. one stopgap between and that we’ve developed recently is to create a special table in airtable called releases. a curator can add a row with their name, a description, and a tagged version of the site to use, which will cause a build of the website to be deployed. we have a program that runs from cron every few minutes and looks at this table and then decides whether a build of the site is needed. it is still early days so i’m not sure how well this approach will work in practice. it took a little bit of head scratching to come up with an initial solution where the release program uses this airtable row as a lock to prevent multiple deploy processes from starting at the same time. experience will show if we got this right. let me know if you are interested in the details. but stepping back a moment i think it’s interesting how static site web technology simultaneously creates a site of static content, while also pushing dynamic processing outwards into other places like this little airtable releases table, or one of the many so called jamstack service providers. this is where the legibility of the processing gets lost, and it becomes even more difficult to ascertain the environmental impact of the architectural shift. what is the environmental impact of our use of netlifycms or airtable? it’s almost impossible to say, whereas before when we were running all the pieces ourselves it was conceiveable that we could audit them. these platforms are also sites of extraction as well, where it’s difficult to even know what economies our data are even participating in. this is all to say that understanding the motivations to go static are complicated, and more work could be done to strategically think through some of these design decisions in a repeatable and generative way. references rosenthal, d. ( ). the half-life of digital formats. retrieved from https://blog.dshr.org/ / /half-life-of-digital-formats.html 	dark reading i just made a donation to the dark reader project over on open collective. if you haven’t seen it before dark reader is a browser plugin (firefox, chrome, edge, safari) that lets you enable dark mode on websites that don’t support it. it has lots of useful configuration settings, and allows you to easily turn it on and off for particular web sites. for most of my life i’ve actually preferred light backgrounds for my text editor. but for the past year or so as my eyes have gotten worse i’ve enabled dark mode in vim and gradually in any application or website that will let me. i’m not an eye doctor, but it seems that the additional light from the screen reflects off of whatever material constitutes the cataracts in the lenses of my eyes, which causes everything to fuzz out, and for text to become basically illegible. being able to turn on dark mode has meant i’ve been able continue to read online, although it still can be difficult. dark reader lets me turn on dark mode for other websites that don’t support it, which has been a real life saver. so it was nice to be able to say thank you. just as an aside, i’ve been using open collective for a few years now, to donate regularly to the social.coop project which is how i’m doing social media these days. realizing dark reader was on open collective too made me think how i should really look at more open source projects to support that are on there. it also made me think that perhaps open collective could be a useful platform for the [documenting the now] project to look at to support some of the tools it has developed, as the project draws down on its grant funding and moves into sustaining some of the things it has started. perhaps it would be useful for other projects like webrecorder potentially too? ps. it’s enabled here on my blog for people who have their browser/os set to dark mode. 	seeing software today i presented a paper at the international conference on the history of records and archives (ichora) that shared some of the results of my field study at the national software reference library. the basic gist of the talk is that appraisal in web archives (at least in the case of the nsrl) is intrinsically tied to use, but not use in the typical sense, where use is only conceived in terms of research. i use sarah ahmed’s book what’s the use and specifically her technique of examining the “use of use” and the “strange temporalities of use” as an analytical frame for examining the valuation of archival records. the varieties of use, misuse and disuse provide a window into how this web archive participates in a network of actors that discipline digital preservation, law enforcement, national security and defense. since the conference is remote i decided to record my talk, in order to make sure i timed things properly–i have a tendency to wander. unfortunately it seems that recording the talk on linux and playing it back through zoom turned out to be problematic. the slides didn’t neatly transition from one to the other, but left graphic artifacts behind. but luckily the audio worked ok, and the display in peertube is just fine: this talk actually forms the core of my dissertation defense next week, assuming the world still exists then. i was a bit surprised that nobody balked at my claim that appraisal is tied to use, and that records in web archives have no intrinsic value (e.g. as evidence) unless you consider the use of use. i choose to interpret this as the happy result of me making a really good case ;-) 	curating corpora here’s a really nice talk by everest pipkin about the need to curate datasets for generative text algorithms, especially when they are being used in creative work. everest considers creative work broadly as any work where care for the experience is important. to curate your own corpora is to let you have a hyper-specific control for the tone, vibe, content, ethics, language, and poetics of that space. since i’m teaching a data curation class in an information studies department this semester, but i also work in a digital humanities center, this approach to understanding the algorithmic impacts of data curation is super interesting to me. i particularly liked how everest extended this idea of curation to the rules that sit on top of the models, which select and deslect particular interactions that are useful in a particular context. it feels like this creative practice that everest provides a view into could actually be more prevalent than the popular press might have it. there is so much focus on obtaining larger and larger datasets, and neural networks with more and more synapses to approach the complexity found in the brain. rather than the selection of an algorithm, tuning its hyperparameters, and the vast infrastructures for training, being the secret sauce perhaps the data that is selected, and how model interactions are interpreted are more equally if not more important, especially in particular contexts. i guess this also highlights why data assets are so guarded, and why projects like wikipedia and common crawl are so important for tools like gpt- and spacy. it would be pretty cool to be able to select a model based on some subset, or subsets in a dataset like commoncrawl. like for example if you wanted to generate text based on text in a fan fiction site like ao –or even an author or set of authors within an ao . maybe something like that already exists? none inkdroid toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 - - ~ for - - ~ diss music - - ~ years of robots.txt - - ~ curation communities - - ~ mystery file! - - ~ kettle - - ~ static-dynamic - - ~ dark reading - - ~ seeing software - - ~ curating corpora - - ~ fuzzy - - ~ penny - - ~ fuzzy file formats - - ~ pandoc - - ~ fuzzy matching - - ~ less is (sometimes) more - - ~ teaching 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	 fuzzy file formats october , teaching digital curation we just finished the third module in the intro to digital curation class that i’m teaching this semester. the first module was mostly us getting our bearings, and the second was learning about how confusing the term digital object is, and getting acquainted with interacting with the file system. the overarching goal of the class is to start with seeming simple ideas like digital objects, and files and keep zooming out until the last module where we talk about infrastructure. this may prove to be a bad idea, but so far it seems to be working ok. each module is two weeks where we alternate between reading and discussion (in canvas) and reading and coding (in jupyter notebooks). in module we discussed and experimented with file formats and standards. we talked about chapter in trevor owens’ theory and craft of digital preservation where he lays out some examples of the artifactual qualities of digital objects, that center on the properties of several types of files, and their use. i asked students to identify the formats at play, and i was surprised and intruiged by the confusion between file formats and other computational objects. for example some thought that a game was a format. i mean, i guess they often are. but a game itself is abstract a concept to be a file format. maybe the game is made up of some python source code files (as in owens’ civilization example). or perhaps the script to rent is made up of word files. or in the case of the mystery_house game a specific disk imaging format was used to store a representation of a physical disk. some students confused the file format and the medium it was stored on (a zip disk, a cd or a floppy disk). perhaps this confusion arose from my pairing of the owens reading with andrew russell and lee vinsel’s short nytimes piece the joy of standards. i wanted students to think about the relationship of file formats and standards. but standards swarm in devices like storage media and computational devices. i didn’t do a great job of distinguishing between file formats, storage and standards, and showing how they were interrelated. that being said, more than half the students were able to communicate the difference–so it wasn’t a total wash. in the jupyter notebook exercise we explored file format identification through three different methods: 	looking at file extensions 	using the libmagic via the python-magic library 	using the pronom registry via the fido tool since running fido wasn’t exactly trivial in a jupyter notebook (it’s really designed to be run from the command line) i created a small pip installable utility called puid which give you one function get_puid() which made it much easier to give to students to use. maybe it could be useful in other contexts: >>> from puid import get_puid >>> get_puid('inst / .jpg') 'fmt/ ' the notebook provides some examples of how to programmatically iterate through files and apply each method for file format identification. then it asks them to do some file format checking of unique dataset of files that i created for each student that was sampled from the govdocs dataset on digital corpora. the interesting part came when they were asked to compare the results, and try to explain why there might be differences. several students honed right in on the fact that python-magic and fido represented different ways of classifying formats. the granularities were often different, and the identifiers they used were different as well. some even highlighted the processes by which these tools are maintained which was very interesting to see. all in all i think it was a successful exercise, because students started thinking about how different tools generate different truth values, and that it’s important to think critically about the tools we use, especially in digital curation practices. tools themselves are part of particular computational practices, and not law etched in stone. simple things like file format identifiers have fuzzy edges that can be hard to define. but identifying them is super important for rendering them as digital objects. next up we’re looking at internal metadata which i’ll try to write about here when we get to it. i would like to bundle up these notebooks in a useful way at the end of the semester if these exercises look useful to others. i’ve really been enjoying using colab so far. thanks nick for the recommendation! unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by none none none none mystery file! toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 mystery file! november , teaching curation we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by curation communities toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 curation communities december , teaching curation web as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by kettle toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 kettle november , writing foundsound kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by islandora islandora 	what's new what's new manez tue, / / - : body our website has been overhauled in a big way. we have moved to drupal , changed our look, and shifted content around to make it easier to find the islandora information and resources that you need. can't find something you expect from the old site? let us know and we'll get it fixed.     	islandora open meeting: december th, islandora open meeting: december th, manez mon, / / - : body our first general open meeting for islandora , held on november th, went great! we didn't have a moment of down time in four hours, and we ended up covering everything from basic introductory demos to detailed looks under the hood of islandora sites in production. we will be holding another open drop-in session on december th, from : am to : pm eastern. full details, and the zoom link to join, are in this google doc. the meeting is free form, with experienced islandora users on hand to answer questions or give demos on request. please drop in at any time during the four-hour window. registration is not required. if you would like a calendar invite as a reminder, please let us know at community@islandora.ca. 	upcoming sprint for drupal compatibility upcoming sprint for drupal compatibility dlamb wed, / / - : body drupal has been out for a while, and it's about time we made the switch. unlike the move from to , the upgrade to will be fairly smooth.  it's more of a code cleanup task as opposed to the herculean migration between versions that we're used to.  and there's already been some good community efforts around identifying the scope of what needs to be done.  there's even a pull request for the main islandora module!  but there's still a bit more to do and many hands can make light work of this. that's why we're asking for volunteers from the community to join us from december th to the th while we prepare islandora for drupal .  we will be auditing the codebase for deprecations, fixing them, and then testing it all out.  if you or your organization need drupal readiness and don't mind helping us out, you can sign up here.  contributions can be as small as running drupal-check on a module or doing a quick sanity test after we've removed deprecations.  and as always, commitment is as much or as little as you like.  we hope to see you there. and if drupal isn't your thing, don't worry, we're lining up a bunch more community sprints in the new year.  there will be plenty of chances to participate if you've already got a full holiday season ahead of you.   	isle sprint wrapup isle sprint wrapup dlamb fri, / / - : body our first quarterly isle sprint has wrapped up and i'd like to thank everyone that participated.  from the community contributions we received, we can now move repository data between isle instances. this allows us to move a repository from development to testing and finally a production environment. it was pretty crucial that isle be able to handle this, and the community really stepped up and delivered. plus, as a bonus, we're also ready for composer . the work's been done, but there's still a few pull requests under review: https://github.com/islandora/crayfish/pull/ 	https://github.com/islandora-devops/isle-buildkit/pull/ 	https://github.com/islandora-devops/isle-buildkit/pull/ 	https://github.com/islandora-devops/isle-dc/pull/ once those are merged, we can begin documenting the process of how to move your data around.  we'll also be seeking user feedback from both new and existing isle users as they set up their repositories. as always, this was a successful sprint. that really speaks to what we're capable of when we work together on common ground to solve shared problems.  it never ceases to amaze me what can be accomplished if we put our heads together.  thanks so much to everyone who signed up. 	nigel banks - lyrasis 	 	 	cary gordon - cherry hill 	 	 	noah smith - born digital 	 	 	gavin morris - born digital 	 	 	hertzel armengol - born digital 	 	 	andrija sagic - library milutin bojic 	 	 	alan stanley - agile humanities 	 	 	aaron birkland - john hopkins' university 	 	 	seth shaw - university of nevada las vegas 	 	 	rosie le faive - university of prince edward island 	 	 	janice banser - simon fraser university 	 	 	jeffery antoniuk - university of alberta 	 	 	yamil suarez - berklee college of music 	 we couldn't do it without awesome people like you and organizations that understand and value open source software. thank you so much for your commitment to make islandora the best it can be. 	open meeting: islandora sandbox time open meeting: islandora sandbox time manez mon, / / - : body we're holding an open meeting in november for anyone who wants to drop in for some islandora demos and q&a. join us on november th from  : am - : pm eastern. this event is modelled after the successful isle release party in september, where the islandora community came together for an icg-led open meeting for folks to drop in and work together on updating their installations of islandora isle. this time, the topic will be more general, with a four-hour window to drop in and talk about islandora or request demos and walk-throughs from developers, experienced users, and early adopters.  full details and a zoom link for the meeting can be found in this google doc. you do not have to sign up to attend, but if you would like a calendar invite to save the date, please let us know at community@islandora.ca. 	isle sprint: november nd to th isle sprint: november nd to th dlamb tue, / / - : body have you seen isle for islandora yet?  it's islandora on docker and it's crazy fast.  it's a much better overall experience for intstalling and maintaining islandora.  and best of all, isle has recently transitioned into a full community project!  what started as a islandora collaboration group and born digital project is now officially under the umbrella of the islandora foundation. to ensure it gets the open source love it needs to really take off, we're proposing something we've never done before: quarterly sprints. isle already has so much momentum with an active interest group and contributors that we think this is sustainable moving forward. isle is such an amazing facet of islandora.  it lowers the overall barrier to entry by making installation and maintenance much smoother. what used to take minutes to an hour and was subject to random fails now takes about to minutes and is much more stable.  after the initial build, making changes generally takes seconds because isle uses docker's amazing buildkit feature, which dramatically speeds up the process using aggressive caching.  oh, and did we mention it also works on windows? but isle is still relatively new for islandora , and it needs a little work... and a lot of documentation. that's why we're asking all you developers, documenters, and users out there to help us out!  even if you have no experience with docker, just trying it out and letting us know what you think is helpful.  from november nd to the th, we'll be documenting, testing, and hacking on isle or islandora .  if you're interested in joining us, please sign up here.  commit to as much or as little as you like. if you'd like to help organize the sprint, we're also holding a sprint planning meeting the week before to get ready.  please fill out this doodle poll if you are interested.  we'll close the poll on october rd. we hope to see you there. and if docker isn't your thing, don't worry, we're lining up a bunch more community sprints around everything from drupal to embargoes to migration tools and batch ingesting.  and of course, there's always plenty of work to do on documentation. we'll be making more announcements in the coming weeks.       	the return of the dig (documentation interest group) the return of the dig (documentation interest group) manez thu, / / - : body the islandora documentation interest group is coming back!  it has been on hiatus for a few years now, but the dig is being relaunched as a place where we can have discussions about the best approaches for building and maintaining islandora documentation, identify and prioritize gaps and opportunities for improvement, and coordinate community work to write and edit our shared islandora documentation.  the updated terms of service for this group are here: https://github.com/islandora-interest-groups/islandora-documentation-interest-group along with my co-convenors mirko hanke and jeff rubin, i would like to invite you to fill out this doodle poll to find a time for a kick-off meeting. one of the first orders of business at the initial meeting will be to establish a day and time for a recurring monthly meeting. 	the latest survey results are in! the latest survey results are in! dlamb thu, / / - : body our first community poll on what features folks want was a huge success, with people responding.  our second poll just wrapped up, and we managed to beat that number with a total of responses.  for having approximately islandora installations out there, responses means we got input from roughly one quarter our users.  not too shabby! we changed up how we presented the questions and also asked for a bit more info, so we have a little more to report on than just a ranked list of features this time around.  we've published the anonymized data here if you're curious or want to follow along with this summary.  without further ado, here's what the community has told us. demographics we asked folks to provide details like their job title and what solution(s) they are currently using. most people kindly answered these questions even though they were optional, and from that we've categorized them broadly into the following groups. users 	librarians ( . %) 		archivists ( . %) 		managers ( . %) 	 	developers 	programmers ( . %) 		dev / ops ( . %) 	 added together, the users make up . % of those who responded, heavily outweighing the . % of developers who answered.  this is an encouraging sign, as open source software is overwhelmingly developer oriented by nature.  so it's good to know that the lion's share of feedback is coming from our user base. with regard to the solutions people are currently using, we received the following details: islandora ( . %) 	islandora ( . %) 	islandora ( . %) 	other ( . %) the clear majority here is islandora , which is great to see.  helping people transition from to is a high priority for the islandora foundation, so it's good to know that we're capturing feedback from those who have yet to make the switch.  interestingly, we received a total of responses for islandora , which means there's more out there in the wild than we're aware of! features here's all the features that were voted on, ranked by the amount of "i need this feature" responses that were received. /*-->*/ /*-->*/ /*-->*/ /*-->*/ feature description 			need 			like 			don't care 			unclear 		batch editing of metadata 			 			 			 			 		better documentation for migrating into islandora 			 			 			 			 		better documentation for customizing metadata 			 			 			 			 		embargoes 			 			 			 			 		collection based access controls 			 			 			 			 		islandora accessibility audit and improvements 			 			 			 			 		pre-installation documentation on everything you'd want to know before making a production environment 			 			 			 			 		advanced boolean search as in islandora 			 			 			 			 		make migrating from .x more manageable 			 			 			 			 		a batch uploader that does not require terminal usage 			 			 			 			 		auditing functions to ensure all background jobs completed successfully 			 			 			 			 		documentation on upgrading each piece of software in islandora 			 			 			 			 		more written documentation for users 			 			 			 			 		collection management interface 			 			 			 			 		focus on the drupal upgrade 			 			 			 			 		integration for google scholar indexing 			 			 			 			 		improved ingest experience 			 			 			 			 		making migration from x more manageable 			 			 			 			 		documentation on pushing changes from development to staging to production environments 			 			 			 			 		ip restricted access 			 			 			 			 		improved update process between versions 			 			 			 			 		import metadata from an xml record using the gui 			 			 			 			 		fixity auditing 			 			 			 			 		minimize resources needed to deploy islandora 			 			 			 			 		multisite search and namespacing 			 			 			 			 		expand and improve preservation functionality 			 			 			 			 		views bulk operations to perform actions on more objects that the current ui allows 			 			 			 			 		linked data lookup (autocomplete subjects from loc and more) 			 			 			 			 		dynamic citation generation 			 			 			 			 		provide a user interface for configuring rdf mappings 			 			 			 			 		examples of using drupal's workflows to create editorial workflows. 			 			 			 			 		repository reporting/dashboarding 			 			 			 			 		better documentation for deploying islandora in the cloud 			 			 			 			 		more intuitive default form 			 			 			 			 		multisite administration 			 			 			 			 		export metadata into an xml record using the gui 			 			 			 			 		integrations with other library systems 			 			 			 			 		provide a gui for migrations 			 			 			 			 		more iiif viewer options 			 			 			 			 		dashboard for background operations and their status 			 			 			 			 		enhance/replace carapace theme 			 			 			 			 		pdf to pdf/a conversion upon ingest 			 			 			 			 		multilingual ocr 			 			 			 			 		faster speed when provisioning an environment 			 			 			 			 		model uploaded file and all derivatives as a single media 			 			 			 			 		more video documentation for users 			 			 			 			 		documentation for using the learning-to-rank (ltr) module for solr 			 			 			 			 		build default splash page with layout builder 			 			 			 			 		 unsurprisingly, documentation is all over the top of that list.  certainly there will be a documentation sprint in our near future. there's also a few features that already have existing solutions out there that we can utilize.  batch editing has a few drupal modules that work very well, and bryan brown from florida state university has already developed an embargo module that is starting to get uptake in our community.  in addition to embargoes, other institutional repository features ranked high, particuarly ip restricted access and google scholar integration. one feature that has been in the top ten for both surveys but hasn't seen much love is accessibility.  living with someone who has a physical disability, i know all too well that the norm is for things to be inaccessible.  being accessible means going out of your way to take extra steps that most people don't prioritize because it doesn't affect them personally.  in my opinion, an accessible islandora isn't likely to happen without a concerted effort from the top to push the issue.  it would be prudent for us to start taking steps towards improving accessibility, starting first with an audit of the software as it is now so that we can find out where we need to improve. next steps the islandora foundation will be organizing community sprints around these features.  we'll try and get as many of these in that we can before the next release of islandora .  so be on the lookout for further announcements if you're interested in these features or want to help us build them. on top of that, the technical advisory group has is using the survey results to formulate a technical roadmap for the software. the roadmap will include things like our version support timeline, as well as strategic initiatives to give folks a sense of where the software is headed in the future. thanks to everyone who took the time to fill out this survey. it's not much effort, and it really helps give us a solid understanding of what the community needs so we can best serve you.  as always, we couldn't do this without you!       	free event: building the maintenance-mindset into islandora lifecycle free event: building the maintenance-mindset into islandora lifecycle manez thu, / / - : body reposted from the islandora mailing list: join us anytime on sept. (between am- pm edt) for our first isle release party! this informal zoom drop in session offers a supportive and shared learning environment where you can ask questions as you install the newest version of isle. this pilot will help determine if offering a regularly scheduled isle release party would be beneficial for our community to update together while creating a practice of maintenance and accountability in a supportive environment. (future release parties will include isle , too.) come pop in and receive a warm hello from danny lamb, gavin morris, melissa anez, joanna dipasquale, paul wentzell, cary gordon, mark mcfate, david keiser-clark, and other friendly faces :) when: sept , : am to : pm edt where: https://us web.zoom.us/j/ add this event to your calendar: email community@islandora.ca + request a calendar invitation for "isle release party" faq's may i show up if i do not have isle installed? of course! 	several versions behind? no problem. come get yourself caught up. 	curious about isle and what it takes to upgrade? no problem. join us. 	want to listen without any commitment or expectations? join us in this pressure-free zone. 	not sure where to start? join us - we are all trying this for the first time.   	and... isle version . . will be released just prior to this event. (ty gavin!!) want more information? please see: maintenance-mindset: isle release party! cheers, david keiser-clark (with much gratitude to a small team within the icg who developed this as an icg incubator idea.) 	islandora online: all recordings now online islandora online: all recordings now online manez mon, / / - : body thank you so much to all of our speakers, moderators, and guests, who made the past month of islandora online such a smashing success. and a special thank you to those who donated to support the event so that we could offer free registration. if you missed out on islandora online, or just want to revisit some of the talks, we have put all recordings up on our youtube channel: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=pl sefc elutoqggmyodue bbq xrbxnr   tags events none who we are – openetc 		 		skip to the content 		 			 				 					 						 							openetc 						 					 													free range edtech 											 					 				 			 			 				 					 					 					 					toggle the mobile menu 				 				 					 					toggle the search field 				 			 		 		 			 					the open edtech collaborative 	who we are 	code of conduct 	terms of use 	get started 	platforms 	wordpress 		cloneable wordpress sites 	sandstorm 	mattermost 	community resources 	wordpress support 	sandstorm support 	mattermost support 	blog 				 					 	 	 search 				 					the open edtech collaborative 	who we are 	code of conduct 	terms of use 	get started 	platforms 	wordpress 		cloneable wordpress sites 	sandstorm 	mattermost 	community resources 	wordpress support 	sandstorm support 	mattermost support 	blog 			 		 		 			 				 			 		 		 	 		 			 					 						 							 								who we are 								 							 							 								 									openetc is guided by its creators brian lamb, grant potter, and tannis morgan and advisors clint lalonde and anne-marie scott. brian lamb thompson rivers university 	website 	twitter tannis morgan bccampus 	website 	twitter grant potter university of northern british columbia 	website 	twitter anne-marie scott apereo foundation 	website 	twitter clint lalonde bccampus/royal roads university 	website 	twitter 								 								 						 						 					 					 		 					 	 latest from the coop 					 							 								 									 										 									 								 								 									examples of open education practices enabled by openetc infrastructure 									april , 								 							 						 	 							 								 									 										 									 								 								 									code of conduct and terms of use 									february , 								 							 						 	 							 								 									 										 									 								 								 									thank you for your feedback on the proposed code of conduct 									january , 								 							 						 	 							 								 									 										 									 								 								 									looking for community feedback on code of conduct 									january , 								 							 						 			 sites @openetc 	patrick's site hoyoung(patrick) kim-art school musings 	freddie milne art school musings 	mus i wonder if i put a few words here? 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would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, & councill, ; thelwall & stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: 	archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. 	requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. 	this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. 	these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., & councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., & stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by for toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 for december , music an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { "country": "us", "year": " ", "format": [ "vinyl", "lp", "album" ], "label": [ "i.r.s. records", "i.r.s. records", "i.r.s. records", "a&m records, inc.", "a&m records, inc.", "i.r.s., inc.", "i.r.s., inc.", "electrosound group midwest, inc.", "night garden music", "unichappell music, inc.", "reflection sound studios", "sterling sound" ], "type": "master", "genre": [ "rock" ], "style": [ "indie rock" ], "id": , "barcode": [ "sp- -a", "sp- -b", "sp a es emw", "sp -b-es emw", "sp -b-es emw", "sterling", "(b)", "bmi" ], "user_data": { "in_wantlist": false, "in_collection": false }, "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "uri": "/rem-murmur/master/ ", "catno": "sp ", "title": "r.e.m. - murmur", "thumb": "https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&blur= &fit=max&fm=jpg&h= &q= &w= &s= b c b b c bcf accae e ", "cover_image": "https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&blur= &fit=max&fm=jpg&h= &q= &w= &s= e f b fd b fb fb df ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni & stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy & carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken & nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by diss music toggle navigation inkdroid 	about 	bookmarks 	photos 	music 	software 	talks 	 diss music december , music writing research i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition unless otherwise noted all the content here is licensed cc-by ted lawless ted lawless 	connecting python's rdflib to aws neptune i've written previously about using python's rdflib to connect to various triple stores. for a current project, i'm using amazon neptune as a triple store and the rdflib sparqlstore implemenation did not work out of the box. i thought i would share my solution. the problem neptune returns ntriples by … 	usable sample researcher profile data i've published a small set of web harvesting scripts to fetch information about researchers and their activities from the nih intramural research program website. on various projects i've been involved with, it has been difficult to acquire usable sample, or test data, about researchers and their activities. you either need … 	exploring years of the new yorker fiction podcast with wikidata note: the data behind this datasette was updated on / / to capture new episodes. the examples below might result in slightly different numbers. the new yorker fiction podcast recently celebrated its ten year anniversary. for those of you not familiar, this is a monthly podcast hosted by new … 	now publishing complete lahman baseball database with datasette summary: the datasette api available at https://baseballdb.lawlesst.net now contains the full lahman baseball database. in a previous post, i described how i'm using datasette to publish a subset of the lahman baseball database. at that time, i only published three of the tables available in the … 	publishing the lahman baseball database with datasette summary: publishing the lahman baseball database with datasette. api available at https://baseballdb.lawlesst.net. for those of us interested in open data, an exciting new tool was released this month. it's by simon willison and called datasette. datasette allows you to very quickly convert csv files to a sqlite … 	sparql to pandas dataframes update: see this python module for converting sparql query results into pandas dataframes. using pandas to explore data sparql pandas is a python based power tool for munging and analyzing data. while working with data from sparql endpoints, you may prefer to explore and analyze it with pandas given its … 	querying wikidata to identify globally famous baseball players earlier this year i had the pleasure of attending a lecture by cesar hidalgo of mit's media lab. one of the projects hidalgo discussed was pantheon. pantheon is a website and dataset that ranks "globally famous individuals" based on a metric the team created called the historical popularity index (hpi … 	python etl and json-ld i've written an extension to petl, a python etl library, that applies json-ld contexts to data tables for transformation into rdf. the problem converting existing data to rdf, such as for vivo, often involves taking tabular data exported from a system of record, transforming or augmenting it in some way … 	orgref data as rdf notes on mapping orgref to dbpedia and publishing with linked data fragments . 	using pelican for a gitub personal page notes on converting this github user page based site to pelican, a python based static site generator. 	select for rdf editing interfaces a description and example of using select to build an editing interface for rdf data. sample html and javascript is included that relates skos:concepts from the assignfast webservice provided by oclc to local researcher uris. 	connecting python's rdflib and stardog for a couple of years i have been working with the python rdflib library for converting data from various formats to rdf. this library serves this work well but it's sometimes difficult to track down a straightforward, working example of performing a particular operation or task in rdflib. i have … 	python and json-ld i've published some code for mapping csv data to rdf using python and json-ld on github. the motivation for this work was: to provide sample data to help people get started with vivo, the research profile system built on semantic web standards to learn more about json-ld and explore it … 	an openrefine reconciliation service for academic journal data recently i've been working to link local data stored in vivo as rdf with other sources on the web. the rdf refine extension for openrefine has been a useful tool in this work. openrefine allows you to query a reconciliation service to match local strings to entities from another … 	solr document signatures i previously wrote about working with apache mod_cache, http etags, and vivo to cache public pages. after writing that post, i found that solr supports adding "signatures" to documents as a way to identify if a document is identical to another. this feature was added to solr as a way … 	caching vivo profiles with etags and mod_cache update - caching vivo pages with etags was made part of the vivo/vitro core code in release . . this solution is no longer necessary and the methods described here have been made part of the software. see the project documentation for information on how to set this up. any … 	a utility script for developing vivo custom list views as you continue with your vivo implementation, you might want to adjust the properties that are displayed on profile pages. vivo handles what properties display on a profile page through a set of list views, which are sparql queries that pull data from your vivo store and pass it on … 	using z . to produce a stack view. the harvard library innovation lab has developed a library browsing tool called stack view. it provides a way to virtual browse through a collection of items from a library. the examples on the stack view website show how to pull data in from a variety of sources and example scripts … 	reading and writing rdf for vivo with rdfalchemy note: this post is most likely out of date. code samples are unlikely to still work. please use only as background/reference. for the last few months i have been working on converting a diverse set of data about the university and its faculty into rdf for import into vivo … 	a python module for placing requests in illiad this post describes a python module for creating requests in illiad, the interlibrary loan software used in libraries. many libraries use illiad as the software system for document delivery and interlibrary loan services. as a developer working with this system, you might find a need to create illiad requests programmatically … none none none e-lert campaign url copy 	 twitter tweets 	 subscribe 	past issues 	rss 	translate 	 english 	 العربية 	 afrikaans 	 беларуская мова 	 български 	 català 	 中文（简体） 	 中文（繁體） 	 hrvatski 	 Česky 	 dansk 	 eesti keel 	 nederlands 	 suomi 	 français 	 deutsch 	 Ελληνική 	 हिन्दी 	 magyar 	 gaeilge 	 indonesia 	 íslenska 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 ភាសាខ្មែរ 	 한국어 	 македонски јазик 	 بهاس ملايو 	 malti 	 norsk 	 polski 	 português 	 português - portugal 	 română 	 Русский 	 español 	 kiswahili 	 svenska 	 עברית 	 lietuvių 	 latviešu 	 slovenčina 	 slovenščina 	 српски 	 தமிழ் 	 ภาษาไทย 	 türkçe 	 filipino 	 украї́нська 	 tiếng việt 	 	 	 . . 	 news nouvelles 	 articles & reports articles et rapports 	 announcements annonces 	 	 @carlabrc 	 view in browser | consultez dans votre navigateur 	 sign up | abonnez-vous news | nouvelles dr. kathleen delong honoured with carl award for distinguished service to research librarianship (carl, november ) l’abrc rend hommage à kathleen delong en lui décernant le prix pour services éminents rendus aux bibliothèques de recherche (abrc, novembre) carl honoured dr. kathleen delong with the carl award for distinguished service to research librarianship during its fall general meeting. she receives this award in recognition of her outstanding contributions to the collective understanding of the canadian library workforce and ongoing leadership in its development. // l'abrc a rendu hommage à kathleen delong en lui décernant le prix pour services éminents rendus aux bibliothèques de recherche lors de son assemblée générale d’automne. elle reçoit ce prix en reconnaissance de ses contributions exceptionnelles à la compréhension collective de la main-d’œuvre des bibliothèques canadiennes et pour son leadership continu en matière de perfectionnement du personnel. read more lire la suite @carlabrc carl honours eugene barsky with award of merit (carl, november ) l’abrc attribue le prix de mérite à eugene barsky (abrc, novembre) during carl's fall general meeting mr. barsky received the award of merit in recognition of his contributions and impact in advancing research data management in canada and internationally. // lors de l'assemblée générale d’automne de l'abrc m. barsky a reçu le prix de mérite pour ses contributions et leurs impacts pour l’avancement de la gestion des données de recherche au canada et à l’échelle internationale. read more lire la suite @carlabrc carl portage funds scholars portal dataverse to acquire repository storage for canadian research data (portage, november ) le réseau portage de l’abrc subventionne scholars portal dataverse pour acquérir de l’espace de dépôt pour les données de recherche canadiennes (portage, novembre) scholars portal dataverse, hosted at the university of toronto libraries, and carl portage are pleased to announce the acquisition of over tb of storage to provide canadian libraries with increased storage capacity for research data. // scholars portal dataverse hébergé aux bibliothèques de l’université de toronto et le réseau portage de l’abrc ont le plaisir d’annoncer l’acquisition de plus de to de stockage afin de fournir aux bibliothèques canadiennes une capacité de stockage accrue pour les données de recherche. read more lire la suite @portagecarlabrc aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation (p. anderson, publishing perspectives, november ) after a -year fight, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center have declined to pursue any further appeals in their lawsuit against georgia state university regarding their reliance on fair use in making materials available via e-reserves. read more @pubperspectives  move to allow libraries to transmit digital versions of books (the asahi shimbun, november ) japan’s agency for cultural affairs is considering a revision to their copyright law that would “allow libraries to send digital versions of books directly to readers' computers or smartphones.” without special authorization from the copyright holder to format-shift the book. interestingly, libraries in japan “already provide a service of copying up to half of a book and either handing the printed version to a user or mailing it to the individual.” read more @ajwasahi coalition s releases the journal checker tool, a search engine that checks plan s compliance (coalition s, november ) coalition s has announced the release of a new tool, the journal checker tool (jct), currently in beta. the web-based tool “provides clear advice to researchers on how they can comply with their funder’s plan s-aligned open access policy when seeking to publish in their chosen journal.” feedback is welcome. read more @coalitions_oa realm project releases results from latest tests of coronavirus on five common building materials; raw data sets and updated toolkit resources also available (oclc, november ) “the realm project has released results from the sixth round of tests conducted in a battelle laboratory that determined how long sars-cov- (the virus that causes covid- ) can remain active on five materials commonly used in furnishings, exhibits, and equipment found in museums, libraries, and archives.” read more @oclc articles & reports | articles et rapports university staff urge probe into e-book pricing 'scandal' (r. hotten, bbc news, november ) this bbc article brings increased attention to the effort being led by uk librarian johanna anderson to bring about more reasonable and predictable costs for e-books being sold to libraries. read more @hohojanna @bbcnews privacy pressure points: a closer look at ten consumer privacy protection act concerns (m. geist, november ) in response to the consumer privacy protection act proposed by the canadian government this week, geist “raises ten questions that will likely emerge as pressure points with stakeholders on both sides raising concerns about their implications.” read more @mgeist thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure (a.j. boston, lpc blog - fellows journal, november ) boston, one of library publishing coalition’s current fellows, presents interesting (and sometimes radical) suggestions for big changes the scholarly communication community should entertain in order to make a major, positive shift to the state of scholarly publishing toward openness. read more @aj_boston @libpubcoalition scientific publishers propose installing spyware in university libraries to protect copyrights (g. mehta, .coda, november )  this article reports on a comment provided by a university cio at a recent webinar about cybersecurity in academia. according to the article the cio suggested “a novel tactic publishers could take to protect their intellectual property rights against data theft: introducing spyware into the proxy servers academic libraries use to allow access to their online services, such as publishers’ databases.” the article discusses the potential dangers of such a proposal. read more @codastory new report: building and managing learning and collaboration spaces (arl, cni, educause, november ) this is the seventh and final installment in the ‘emerging technologies reports’ series. “the section released today highlights the ways in which libraries are addressing this challenge in their space planning and programming, specifically addressing the effects of the internet of things (iot), immersive reality, and artificial intelligence on how libraries conceptualize and create the learning and collaboration environments of the future.” read more @arl @cni_org @educase how covid- has transformed reference services for public and academic libraries (m. dar, library journal, november ) this article looks at how demand and delivery of reference services have changed within public and academic libraries during the pandemic, and reflects on what further changes to practice and implementation should be considered. read more @libraryjournal cheating-detection companies made millions during the pandemic. now students are fighting back. (d. harwell, washington post, november ) this article describes the extent of student ire at widespread accusations of cheating by their instructors and institutions based on unproven and invasive “remote proctoring” technology. read more @washingtonpost announcements | annonces portage – global water futures webinar: an introduction to the compute canada federation -- november , :  – : pm et webinaire portage – global water futures : une introduction à la fédération calcul canada --  novembre, h à h he this presentation will introduce participants to the compute canada federation and how the national digital research infrastructure helps to support research across all disciplines in canada, with a particular focus on services for social sciences and humanities researchers. // cette conférence présentera aux participants la fédération calcul canada et la manière dont l’infrastructure nationale de recherche numérique contribue à soutenir la recherche dans toutes les disciplines au canada, avec un accent particulier sur les services aux chercheurs en sciences sociales et humaines. more information détails @portagecarlabrc @gwfutures job posting: university librarian, university of windsor "the appointment of the university librarian is for five years, renewable, and is expected to commence july , . consideration of candidates will begin immediately."  more information @leddylibrary ndrio: call for white papers on canada’s future dri ecosystem noirn: demande de livres blancs sur le futur écosystème d’irn du canada "the new digital research infrastructure organization (ndrio) is pleased to announce its first call for white papers as part of a nation-wide exercise to assess the needs of canada’s digital research infrastructure (dri) community." submission deadline: december . // la nouvelle organisation d’infrastructure de recherche numérique (noirn) a le plaisir d’annoncer sa première demande de livres blancs dans le cadre d’un exercice national visant à évaluer les besoins du milieu d’infrastructure de recherche numérique (irn) du canada. date limite : décembre. more information détails @ndrio_noirn liber panel discussion: research libraries & covid- – impact & plans for the future -- december ,  : – : pm (amsterdam) liber will present the results of their survey, ‘the state of research libraries during covid- : how can liber support you?’ (launched in october ), as part of an introduction to a panel discussion on the topic.  more information @libereurope cfp: library publishing forum -- may - (online) the forum brings together "representatives from libraries engaged in (or considering) publishing initiatives to define and address major questions and challenges; to identify and document collaborative opportunities; and to strengthen and promote this community of practice." it is sponsored by the library publishing coalition, but you do not need to be a member of the lpc to attend. proposal deadline: december . more information #lpforum webinar: introducing the oa switchboard -- december ,  .  – . pm gmt this oaspa webinar "will provide insight, through real-life use cases, into how the oa switchboard facilitates the fulfilment of open access strategies across business models, policies and agreements." more information @oaspa ---------- the carl e-lert is compiled and written by lise brin and julie morin, program officers at carl. you can reach them at info@carl-abrc.ca. le cyberavis de l'abrc est compilé et écrit par lise brin et julie morin, agentes de programme de l'abrc. vous pouvez communiquer avec elles par courriel, en utilisant l'adresse suivante : info@carl-abrc.ca. the e-lert weekly newsletter covers research, innovation, scholarly publishing, communication and journals, electronic journals, copyright and access to information issues.the authors' views are their own. inclusion in the e-lert does not reflect a carl position or endorsement. le cyberavis hebdomadaire porte principalement sur la recherche, l’innovation, l’édition, la communication et les périodiques savants, les périodiques électroniques, le droit d’auteur et l’accès à l’information. les opinions exprimées sont celles des auteurs. l'inclusion dans le cyberavis ne reflète pas une position ou une approbation de l'abrc. 	 	 want to change how you receive these emails? you can update your preferences or unsubscribe from this list copyright © carl- abrc, all rights reserved. you received this email because you are subscribed to the carl e-lert. vous avez reçu ce courriel parce que vous êtes abonné(e) au cyberavis de l'abrc. 	 	 this email was sent to mita@uwindsor.ca why did i get this?    unsubscribe from this list    update subscription preferences carl-abrc · - cooper st · ottawa, on k p g · canada none none jodi schneider skip to main content skip to main navigation 	 virtual visit 	 give a gift 	 ischool resources university of illinois urbana-champaign school of information sciences menu 	 visit 	 what is an ischool? 	 request information 	 upcoming events 	 tuition & financial support 	 recruitment & admissions staff 	 ischool ambassadors 	 degrees & programs 	 bs in information sciences 	 ms in bioinformatics 	 ms in information management 	 ms in library and information science 	 ms/lis joint degrees 	 school librarian licensure 	 phd in information sciences 	 certificate of advanced study 	 continuing education 	 advising 	 course catalog 	 people 	 faculty 	 adjuncts & affiliates 	 doctoral students 	 emeriti faculty 	 administration 	 staff 	 committees 	 school directory 	 research 	 areas 	 projects 	 vision 	 services 	 showcase 	 research fellows 	 scholars-in-residence 	 videos 	 engage 	 hire an intern or full-time employee 	 host a practicum 	 mentor a student 	 give a gift 	 business intelligence group 	 alumni 	 student life 	 student organizations 	 help desk 	 career support 	 online students 	 on-campus students 	 student development opportunities 	 student affairs staff 	 convocation 	 news & events 	 news feed 	 events calendar 	 publications 	 upcoming events 	 lectures 	 awards 	 our school 	 ischool response to covid- 	 ischool at a glance 	 history 	 data and reporting 	 building facilities 	 diversity & inclusion 	 job openings 	 contact us search people in this section 	 home 	 people 	 jodi schneider jodi schneider jodi schneider cv assistant professor phd, informatics, national university of ireland, galway lis ( ) - jodi@illinois.edu 	 http://jodischneider.com/jodi.html other professional appointments faculty affiliate, beckman institute faculty affiliate, health care engineering systems center faculty affiliate, european union center uic school of psychiatry (clinical assistant professor, % appointment) faculty affiliate, informatics faculty affiliate, center for health informatics faculty affiliate, cline center for advanced social research   research focus controversies in science; science of science; argumentation and evidence; biomedical informatics; knowledge organization; linked data (ontologies, metadata, semantic web) honors and awards 	fellow, research participation program, u.s. national library of medicine, summer 	marie curie fellow, ercim alain bensoussan career development enhancer, – 	a. r. zipf fellow, council on library and information resources, biography jodi schneider is an assistant professor at the school of information sciences. she studies the science of science through the lens of arguments, evidence, and persuasion. she is developing linked data (ontologies, metadata, semantic web) approaches to manage scientific evidence. schneider holds degrees in informatics (ph.d., national university of ireland, galway), library & information science (m.s., uiuc), mathematics (m.a., ut austin), and liberal arts (b.a., great books, st. john's college). she has worked as an actuarial analyst for a fortune insurance company, as the gift buyer for a small independent bookstore, and in academic science and web libraries. she has held research positions across the u.s. as well as in ireland, england, france, and chile. courses currently teaching 	fall - info org and access - is ao 	spring - information modeling - is ao office hours after class or by virtual appointment publications & papers for a complete list of publications, please visit jodi schneider's illinois experts web page. jodi schneider and sally jackson. “modeling the invention of a new inference rule: the case of ‘randomized clinical trial’ as an argument scheme for medical science.” argument & computation. ( ),  - . http://doi.org/ . /aac- amy j. grizzle, john horn, carol collins, jodi schneider, daniel c. malone, britney stottlemyer, richard d. boyce. "a survey of how drug information experts search for evidence about potential drug-drug  interactions.” journal of medical internet research http://doi.org/ . /preprints. sally jackson and jodi schneider. (june .) “cochrane review as a "warranting device" for reasoning about health.” argumentation (springer). : - . http://doi.org/ . /s - - -z [open access] linh hoang* and jodi schneider. opportunities for computer support for systematic reviewing - a gap analysis. iconference , sheffield, uk, march - . http://doi.org/ . / - - - - _ with preprint at http://jodischneider.com/pubs/iconference .pdf thomas rindflesch, catherine blake, marcelo fiszman, halil kilicoglu, graciela rosemblat, jodi schneider, and caroline zeiss. “informatics support for basic research in biomedicine”, the ilar journal ( ) ( ): - . doi: . /ilar/ilx jodi schneider, mathias brochhausen, samuel rosko, paolo ciccarese, william r. hogan, daniel malone, yifan ning, tim clark and richard d. boyce. “formalizing knowledge and evidence about potential drug-drug interactions.” international workshop on biomedical data mining, modeling, and semantic integration: a promising approach to solving unmet medical needs (bdm i ) at iswc bethlehem, pennsylvania, usa, october . http://ceur-ws.org/vol- /bdm i_ _paper_ .pdf jodi schneider, bluma gelley, aaron halfaker. “accept, decline, postpone: how newcomer productivity is reduced in english wikipedia by pre-publication review.” in proceedings of the th international symposium on open collaboration (opensym ). berlin, germany, august - august with preprint at http://jodischneider.com/pubs/opensym .pdf jodi schneider, tudor groza, alexandre passant. ( ). “a review of argumentation for the social semantic web.” semantic web – interoperability, usability, applicability, ( ), - . http://doi.org/ . /sw- - . [open access] richard d. boyce, john horn, oktie hassanzadeh, anita de waard, jodi schneider, joanne s. luciano, majid rastegar-mojarad, maria liakata, “dynamic enhancement of drug product labels to support drug safety, efficacy, and effectiveness.” journal of biomedical semantics. ( ), . http://doi.org/ . / - - - [open access] jodi schneider, krystian samp, alexandre passant, stefan decker. “arguments about deletion: how experience improves the acceptability of arguments in ad-hoc online task groups”. in computer supported cooperative work and social computing (cscw). san antonio, tx, february - , . http://doi.org/ . / . with preprint at http://jodischneider.com/pubs/cscw .pdf adam wyner, jodi schneider, katie atkinson, and trevor bench-capon. “semi-automated argumentative analysis of online product reviews.” in fourth international conference on computational models of argument (comma ). vienna, austria, september - , . with preprint at http://jodischneider.com/pubs/comma .pdf * = student supervised by jodi presentations "problematic citations: detecting problematic citation patterns with the open citations corpus." workshop on open citations, bologna, italy, september , . jodi schneider and novejot sandhu*, modeling alzheimer’s disease research claims, evidence, and arguments from a biology research paper.” th conference of the international society for the society of argumentation, amsterdam, netherlands, july , . jodi schneider and sally jackson, innovations in reasoning about health: the case of the randomized clinical trial. th conference of the international society for the society of argumentation, amsterdam, netherlands, july , . jodi schneider, graciela rosemblat, shabnam tafreshi and halil kilicoglu “rhetorical moves and audience considerations in the discussion sections of randomized controlled trials of health interventions” [conference panel presentation], nd european conference on argumentation: argumentation and inference, fribourg, switzerland, june , . jodi schneider, viewing universities as landscapes of scholarship, keynote, vivo conference, new york, ny, august , . jodi schneider “citation practices and the construction of scientific fact” european conference on argumentation preconference: status, relevance, and authority of facts, fribourg, switzerland. june , . jodi schneider “what wikicite can learn from biomedical citation networks” wikicite , vienna, austria, may , . jodi schneider and richard boyce “acquiring and representing drug-drug interaction knowledge and evidence”, rwth aachen fachgruppe informatik - knowledge-based systems group, aachen, germany, april , . jodi schneider “packaging ideas: nanopublications in the humanities”, europeana, the hague, netherlands, april , . * = student supervised by jodi active research projects reducing the inadvertent spread of retracted science: shaping a research and implementation agenda text mining pipeline to accelerate systematic reviews in evidence-based medicine in the news hoang to discuss drug-drug interaction research at amia november new publication, upcoming workshop highlight importance of reducing spread of retracted science october ischool well represented at asis&t october ischool presents research at jcdl august schneider awarded linowes fellowship july new hri research clusters include ischool faculty july schneider receives grant for reducing spread of retracted science march ischool well represented at asis&t october schneider discusses argumentation mining research september schneider to present research at eca june research areas: 	 argumentation 	 artificial intelligence and machine learning 	 computational social science, social computing 	 data curation 	 design and evaluation of information systems and services 	 digital libraries 	 foundations of information 	 health, medical, and bio-informatics 	 data analytics and human centered data 	 human computer interaction, user experience, computer supported cooperative work 	 information policy 	 information practices and behaviors 	 information retrieval 	 informetrics and scientometrics 	 knowledge representation, ontologies 	 natural language processing, text mining, text analysis, computational linguistics 	 network science and network analysis 	 organization of knowledge and information 	 reproducibility 	 science of science 	 semantic computing and technologies 	 social and information networks people 	 faculty 	 adjuncts & affiliates 	 doctoral students 	 emeriti faculty 	 administration 	 staff 	 committees 	 school directory back to top school of information sciences 	 	 	 	 	 e. daniel st. mc- champaign, il - voice ( ) - fax ( ) - ischool@illinois.edu quick links 	 school directory 	 virtual visit 	 give a gift 	 ischool resources 	 ischool wiki 	 is virtual library campus resources 	 privacy notice 	 campus directory 	 graduate college 	 university library 	 university of illinois © university of illinois board of trustees cookie settings none none none none none none none islandora open meeting: december th, | islandora skip to main content toggle navigation main menu 	 home 	 about 	 events 	 blog 	 contact 	 newsletter 	 support islandora search search 	 you are here : 	 home 	 islandora open meeting: december th, about menu 	 islandora foundation 	 get started 	 community 	 contribute 	 help islandora open meeting: december th, our first general open meeting for islandora , held on november th, went great! we didn't have a moment of down time in four hours, and we ended up covering everything from basic introductory demos to detailed looks under the hood of islandora sites in production. we will be holding another open drop-in session on december th, from : am to : pm eastern. full details, and the zoom link to join, are in this google doc. the meeting is free form, with experienced islandora users on hand to answer questions or give demos on request. please drop in at any time during the four-hour window. registration is not required. if you would like a calendar invite as a reminder, please let us know at community@islandora.ca. submitted by manez on mon, / / - : 	log in to post comments 	 	 		 notvisible 	 home 	 about 	 events 	 blog 	 contact 	 newsletter 	 support islandora 		 	 © copyright islandora foundation. header photo credits. privacy policy. 	 	 	 	 none none information security office - university information technology - the university of utah skip to content the university of utah 	university information technology (uit) 	 main navigation revealmenu 	 search site for: 	 submit search search campus for: 	 submit search search location 								search site 								 								search campus 								 main menu 	home 	services	service catalog 	umail 	box 	cis 	canvas 	service quick links 	strategic plans 	governance	it governance 	committees 	meeting archives 	contact 	cio office	about the cio 	uit leadership 	support staff 	meeting archives 	departments 	about	about 	org charts 	job openings	job openings 	student program 	it policies 	committees 	it organization memberships 	node 	subscribe to uit news 	home 	departments 	current page: information security office information security office the information security office (iso) continuously strives for daily operational excellence to ensure the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of university of utah information technology systems and data through exploitation of appropriate security resources and best practices. the iso team works in partnership with the university, as well as external entities, to help ensure that the university of utah is exposed only to acceptable risks within its educational, research, patient care, and community outreach missions. our responsibilities include: 	identifying and responding to incidents 	working with it administrators to identify and contain security breaches, threats, and vulnerabilities 	coordinating the remediation of operational vulnerabilities across network and information systems processing environments 	conducting forensic data analysis 	recommending network and security device (ids/ips/firewall) configuration changes 	performing security assessments and evaluations of penetration testing tools and procedures 	performing periodic vulnerability assessments across networks and attached systems, and providing results to system owners and leaders 	providing education and training on tools, technical vulnerabilities, etc., and advice on security trends and approved best practices   view the iso organizational chart policy - : university of utah information security policy visit the iso website visit the identity and access management website   chief information security officer: corey roach uit information security office the university of utah s e, suite salt lake city, ut corey.roach@utah.edu - - stay in touch 	find us 	contact us  fine print 	disclaimer 	privacy 	 	 	facebook 	twitter 	youtube 	instagram university information technology the university of utah s e ste. salt lake city, ut - - x 			© the university of utah 		 	privacy policy 	disclaimer 	nondiscrimination & accessibility 	 last updated: / / none none joe's website joe alcorn projects blog hello, i’m joe. i’m a software engineer based in london, and this is my website. you can read some words i’ve written on my blog and find some software i’ve written on my github profile. i hope you find my software useful. if you feel the need to contact me, twitter can work, and my email address can be found on my github profile as well. 	contact 	github 	twitter 	rss aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m -- and it thrashes surface pro x - slashdot 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 		 		 		 			 				 					 	slashdot 	stories 	 			firehose 	all 	popular 	 	polls 	 deals 	apparel submit 				 				 					 	 		search slashdot 		 			 		 	 	 	 				 login 				 			 	or 	 				 sign up 				 			 				 			 			 				 		topics: 	devices 	build 	entertainment 	technology 	open source 	science 	yro 		follow us: 	rss 	facebook 	google+ 	twitter 	newsletter 			 		 		 		 			 				 				 					 						 						want to read slashdot from your mobile device? point it at m.slashdot.org and keep reading! 					 				 			 		 		 			   nickname: password: public terminal forgot your password? close 		 		 			 				 					 					 					 				 			 		 		 	 	 	 	 binspamdupenotthebestofftopicslownewsdaystalestupid freshfunnyinsightfulinterestingmaybe offtopicflamebaittrollredundantoverrated insightfulinterestinginformativefunnyunderrated descriptive typodupeerror 	 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 				 slashdot apparel is back! shop now!. | do you develop on github? you can keep using github but automatically sync your github releases to sourceforge quickly and easily with this tool and take advantage of sourceforge's massive reach. check out all of sourceforge’s improvements. | follow slashdot on linkedin × 				 		 			 			story 			 		 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 			 		 		 	 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 				 			 		 		 	 		 		 		 		 			 				 			 		 		 	 		 		 		 		 			 				 			 		 		 	 	 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m -- and it thrashes surface pro x (zdnet.com) 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 		 	 	 		 		 			 		 		 		 	 				 			posted 				by 		 		 			 				 msmash 			 		 		 		 		 		on thursday december , @ : am 		 		 			 from the closer-look dept. 		 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 			 		 	 				an amazon web services (aws) virtualization engineer has shown what windows on arm could be like if microsoft licensed its arm-based os to the public rather than just to windows manufacturers. from a report: with apple's new m arm-based system on chip, mac users who need to use windows can't run microsoft's arm-based version of windows using apple's bootcamp. the key obstacle is that microsoft doesn't license windows on arm to any entities other than its own surface group and windows on arm oems like hp, asus and lenovo. technically, there's nothing stopping owners of the m macbook air, macbook pro -inch or mac mini from running windows on arm, as apple's software engineering chief craig federighi recently pointed out. [...] but microsoft's reluctance to create a license for windows on arm for end users hasn't stopped creative engineers from putting together a working example of what things could be like if it did. aws principal engineer alexander graf did just that, using the open-source qemu virtualization software for windows on arm. qemu emulates access to hardware such as the cpu and gpu. [...] "who said windows wouldn't run well on #applesilicon? it's pretty snappy here," graf wrote in a tweet. graf previously worked on the kernel virtual machine (kvm) for linux distribution suse for over a decade. now he's a kvm developer at aws, which this week announced new mac instances for aws elastic compute cloud (ec ) based on nitro system, an aws hypervisor for ec instances. [...] a developer using the handle @imbushuo on twitter has posted geekbench versions and scores that compare windows on arm on an m computer with the microsoft-made surface pro x. windows on an m got a single-core score of , and multi-core score of , whereas the surface pro x's scores were roughly and , in those respective benchmarks. 		 	 		 		 		 		 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 					 						 						 					 				 				 					 						 							 								 									 			 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 		 		 		 		 	 								 							 						 					 				 			 			 				 				 				 			 	 					 						 							← 						 						 							related links 						 						 							→ 						 						 							 								us states plan to sue facebook next week 							 						 						 							 								 								 									should qualcomm feel threatened by apple's m macs? 								 							 						 						 							 								 									mysterious phishing campaign targets organizations in covid- vaccine cold chain 								 							 						 					 				 			 		 	 	 	 			 			 		 	 	 	 		 		 		 		 	 		 	 	 		 			 			 					 	 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 									 										aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m -- and it thrashes surface pro x 									 									 more 	| reply 	login 								 							 						 					 					 						 							aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m -- and it thrashes surface pro x 						 						 							 							 						 		post 							 							 							 								 									load all comments 								 							 							 								 								 							 							 								 									 										 											 											 												 													 full 													 abbreviated 													 hidden 												 												 													 														 															 																/sea 																 															 															 																 																 															 															 																 															 														 														 															 																 																	 																		 																		 																		 																		 																		 																	 																 																 																	 																		 																		 																		 																		 																		 																	 																 															 														 													 													 														score: 														 														 														 														 														 														 														- 													 												 											 											 												 more 	| reply 	login 	 		   nickname: password: public terminal forgot your password? close 		 			close 		 	 											 											 										 									 								 							 							 							search comments 							 								log in/create an account 							 						 					 					 						comments filter: 							 								all 							 	 								insightful 							 	 								informative 							 	 								interesting 							 	 								funny 							 					 			 				 					 						the fine print: the following comments are owned by whoever posted them. we are not responsible for them in any way. 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 	 	 	 			 	 		 			no, he didn't. 		 	 (score: , insightful) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 					 <martin.espinoza@gmail.com> 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		homepage journal 		 	 	 		he put it on qemu on the mac. if you say someone put an operating system on a machine, that implies the bare metal. put qemu in the headline, you tossers. 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: , interesting) 		 		 			by gnasher ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		he put it on the mac. for licensing purposes, "on the mac" means the physical machine was a mac. and this is all about licensing, if you read the fine article. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			actually; this was type 		 	 (score: , insightful) 		 		 			by gabebear ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		homepage journal 		 	 	 		this was running on the hardware. qemu normally runs as a type- hypervisor that emulates everything in userspace, but in this case it appears it running as a type- hypervisor running directly on hardware. apple provided hypervisor apis which seems to have actually worked. 	 	 reply to this parent 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re:actually; this was type 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 					 <martin.espinoza@gmail.com> 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		homepage journal 		 	 	 		he was running directly on the cpu, but not any of the other hardware (literally). 	 	 reply to this parent 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by twdorris ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 he was running directly on the cpu, but not any of the other hardware (literally). and posting cpu benchmarks, not benchmarks from any of the other hardware. while i do agree with the basis of your objection, i'm having a hard time crying foul too loudly. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by omnichad ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m that at least matches the headline, if you read "apple mac" as adjective modifiers for m . 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by gabebear ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 he was running directly on the cpu, but not any of the other hardware (literally). the cpu, ram and mmu were all running at basically bare-metal speed. the only interesting bit of hardware not included is the gpu. it's not possible to map the integrated video card over to a hypervisor instance but you can map other pcie/thunderbolt devices to a hypervisor instance. getting drivers for an egpu nvidia/amd for win -arm would likely be far easier as well. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		qemu is capable of running as a type , but under linux and bsd, it is a hybred due to kernel drivers that move it closer to the metal. apparently, apple is doing that too. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			meanwhile... 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by anonymous coward writes: 			 		 	 	 		...linus moans and weeps because it is "too hard" to put linux on m . 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by gub- ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		linus wants native linux support, not a vm. running linux on a vm is easy on any machine that supports a vm. in fact, you can even run linux on a web browser. the hard part is hardware support and working drivers. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by omnichad ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		apple wants everything at least under their hypervisor anyway. i doubt that will change - it's exactly what microsoft wanted with secure boot. they've actually gone a long way toward stopping secondary sales of stolen hardware by preventing icloud-locked devices from being wiped and reused. it's just that it's a very user-hostile, anti-repair thing to do. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by pimpy ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		porting linux to a new cpu is pretty straightforward if basic functionality is all you are after, the problem is with all of the proprietary ip blocks for which no specifications are made available, severely limiting the kind of performance and utility you might otherwise be able to get out of it. it shouldn't be difficult to make linux run on the m as a standard arm core, but without support for the parts people really care about (the gpus, ai accelerators, etc.) there's not much point. someone would re 	 	 	 	 	 		 			its not about being hard, its about politics 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 ...linus moans and weeps because it is "too hard" to put linux on m . its not about being hard, its about politics. he wants drivers to be open. if he were willing to accept closed drivers then by working with apple we might get something like apple's boot camp where apple helps install the other os and adds the necessary apple written closed drivers. its what apple has done for windows on intel for many years. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by unknowingfool ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		also linus has to make sure it works with existing protocols and programs long term. this is very different than making it run long enough to run some benchmarks. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 also linus has to make sure it works with existing protocols and programs long term. this is very different than making it run long enough to run some benchmarks. . apple engineers are more than capable of doing so. . the main hurdle preventing linus from working with apple on that is probably his willingness to sign an nda for the closed source drivers. as for linux itself apple supports and works with open source every day. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by unknowingfool ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 . that is irrelevant for linus to support the m in linux. no one said anything about capability or technical ability here. . also somewhat irrelevant whether linus has to sign an nda or not. the driver has to be open source for him to use it in linux. i’m sure if he really wanted to use an m for his personal device he would sign the nda. that is a different goal than linux supporting the m for everyone . yes apple supports open source all the time. that does not mean the m is currently too close 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 . also somewhat irrelevant whether linus has to sign an nda or not. the driver has to be open source for him to use it in linux. untrue, closed proprietary drivers exist for linux. . yes apple supports open source all the time. that does not mean the m is currently too closed for linux to support it. arm linux already runs on m macs and greatly benefits from the arm isa implementation improvements, unified memory, etc. what is missing are drivers for things like the gpu, neural engine, image signal processor, etc; things needed to get performance on par with macos. things that could be supported using closed proprietary drivers. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by unknowingfool ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		linus has to put linux on a device that will be supported and will work with a wide range of existing protocols and programs. this involves working with different companies and organizations. this is very different than installing it once and running a few tests. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re:no, he didn't. 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by opinonion ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		 		 	 	 		the point of the article is just the performance boost from the custom hardware and virtualization in no way gets in the way of that. the fact that it's not a true native install only highlights the fact more. 	 	 reply to this parent 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by anubis iv ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		regardless of any such distinction—which isn't to say that you're wrong, though other replies are questioning your claim—why does it matter if what we're trying to do is assess capabilities of the new machine? compatibility and performance: those are the factors that matter. if a user with machine x can (a) run their desired software (b) faster than they can on other machines, then machine x is objectively and—by many measures subjectively—better. if a machine can use an inferior tech 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by backslashdot ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		how do you think qemu works? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			seems to happen fairly often... 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by nic ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		homepage 		 	 	 		duplicate of this post from several days ago: https://apple.slashdot.org/story/ / / / /developer-successfully-virtualizes-windows-for-arm-on-m -mac 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by motox ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		gotta keep them in the news - or maybe they rebooted the vm this morning. 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dontbeamoran ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		netcraft confirms it, msmash is a goldfish. 	 	 	 	 reply beneath your current threshold. 	 	 		 			windows 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by hcs_$reboot ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		if you really need windows use linux. if you really really really need windows use it via a virtual[box...] solution (soon available). 	 	 	 	 	 		 			microsoft could license windows 		 	 (score: , insightful) 		 		 			by fred ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		 		 	 	 		for arm macs. just like apple could license mac os for pcs. 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by rob y. ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		i don't get why the problem is a microsoft licensing issue. it's more that apple won't let anybody else use their m chips - though you'd think some other company can't come up with an arm implementation that bests the m and sell that chip to licensed windows oem's, and... problem solved. and linux could port to those machines too. are the apple chip designers so much better than the competition? hard to imagine. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by omnichad ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		if microsoft really wanted arm devices, they'd design their own. they just can't let go of x backward-compatibility, because it's their only major value. at least if they did it, they wouldn't kill the cpu emulation a couple years later (like original rosetta). 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by unknowingfool ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		windows officially runs on their arm devices? microsoft surface pro x runs on their custom sq arm processor. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by omnichad ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		i'll admit to apparently being over a year out of date on surface news. but also, it's probably non-news? it must not be doing well without x software because i haven't heard a thing about it. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by unknowingfool ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		there have always been issues with running windows on arm since windows rt. ms is stuck as the vast majority of their customers rely on x compatibility, and they do not control the hardware of their oem partners. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dryak ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 are the apple chip designers so much better than the competition? well they just managed to get dibs! on the first batches of tsmc nm. though you'd think some other company can't come up with an arm implementation that bests the m another company couldn't literary have come (yet) with a better arm implementation, simply because the nm process is new and only starts being available now. with only apple and hisilicon producing chips, and the latter only making silicon for smartphones, m is literary the first processor out of tsmc's fab targetting laptops. more will come later, eventually. (though, in my opinion, it's valid to argue whether m is truly a completely se 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by exomondo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 apple's m -based machines aren't different from other such custom arm laptop the arm cores aren't drastically different but how does the gpu, ml processor, dsp, image processor, etc in the m machines' soc compare to other arm laptops? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by thegarbz ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 for arm macs. just like apple could license mac os for pcs. they could, but then they'd actually need to get it running and that would require apple to open up their m chip. windows on arm faces the same challenges as linux on arm does working on the m . you can't just change the arch type from armv to m and then press the button labelled "click here for profit". 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by fred ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		i was talking about the x version of mac os 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by thegarbz ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		that is my point. there's nothing to license for apple to run mac os on a pc. there is however plenty to license for microsoft to get windows on arm to run on the m . 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by fred ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		they could sell licenses of mac os to install on any x pc. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			i guess you could attach... 		 	 (score: , funny) 		 		 			by qbertino ( ) writes: 					 <moirano@spammodparlor.com> 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		 		 	 	 		... a plow to a mercedes benz sel and call it a neat tractor, but why would anyone want to do that? 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by timeoday ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		in the case because those benchmark scores are impressive. that is assuming the m has comparable power consumption to the processor in the surface pro x. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			 nm 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dryak ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 that is assuming the m has comparable power consumption to the processor in the surface pro x. m is on tsmc nm process. of course it's going to beat the crap out of surface pro x, while consuming less power. but that's about the only advantage of this one-trick pony. as soon as other chip maker start to sign nm manufacturing deals with tsmc, and start licensing, e.g.: arm's cortex a c designs, the advantage of m will evaporate. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: , insightful) 		 		 			by anonymous coward writes: 			 		 	 	 		because if it turned out that the benz made a better snow plow maybe we'd rethink how we made snow plows? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			don't cross the memes! 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by thud ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		"pretty sure that's a lambo, dude!" [jalopnik.com] 	 	 	 	 	 		 			will apple license the m to oems eventually? 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by viol ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		if they did they could make a lot of money and ms would have no excuse not to port windows unless things got stuck in a catch scenario. however i suppose the main question would be would the sale of those cpus make more money than apple would lose through lost sales of macs? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by wankerweasel ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		there's no money to be made in selling processors when compared to selling entire computers. plus part of selling the entire computer means also likely tying people into other apple products like the iphone, which means more money for apple. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by s ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		processors are a numbers game, you aren't selling to the consumers so the only way to eek out margin is through better performance or cheaper manufacturing. apple knows the big money is in consumer space where you can profit from brand. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			not a chance. 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by jcr ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		apple's scarce resource is engineering time. they don't have the spare cycles to support other companies using their secret sauce. -jcr 	 	 	 	 	 		 			its political, not engineering time 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 apple's scarce resource is engineering time. they don't have the spare cycles to support other companies using their secret sauce. -jcr funny, for many years they did so for windows on intel. supplying the boot camp utility to install windows and closed apple drivers for mac specific hardware. the biggest obstacle to doing this for linux are senior linux devs not accepting closed drivers. its a political problem, not an engineering time problem. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			arm vs x 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dryak ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 funny, for many years they did so for windows on intel. intel/amd is a much more standardized architecture. intel mac hardware basically behaves exactly as would a dell with an extra "aluminium" paint job. you get the same type of firmware (uefi), the same way to probe and autodetect hardware, the same buses. even down to the same actual hardware: you'd find similar gpus in both. you could whip out a linux usb stick and even if it wasn't optimized for the hardware it should still mostly work (won't maybe support the custom touchpad controller or apple-specific usb 	 	 	 	 	 		 			proprietary drivers do not harm linux 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 funny, for many years they did so for windows on intel. intel/amd is a much more standardized architecture. irrelevant. m mac hardware is hardly a mystery to apple. a boot camp for arm linux would not be challenging for apple. as tech demos are showing the m macs run the existing linux arm code. so the situation is closer to your "almost a dell" argument than you suggest. you get the basic functionality but you aren't leveraging the extra hardware in the m . linus is tired having to fight company that actively prevent their hardware being used by others. again, its just politics. the main roadblock is insistence on open drivers. apple is not against their hardware being used, they are against releasing what 	 	 	 	 	 		 			custom vs. standard. 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dryak ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 irrelevant. m mac hardware is hardly a mystery to apple. a boot camp for arm linux would not be challenging for apple. the "to apple"/ "for apple" are the relevant parts. this poses a major problem in an open development environment like linux. as tech demos are showing the m macs run the existing linux arm code. so the situation is closer to your "almost a dell" argument than you suggest. yes, we know it's doable. but: some geek on the internet wrote a specific hack to get linux running on a specific arm machine. != x -based pc are an absolutely standardized platform. here are the acpi and uefi specs. as long as you follow them you could plug a usb stick into any random pc (be it a node inside a giant hpc cluster or an ultra-thin lenovo laptop) and it should work. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			unreasonable to expect others adopt your religion 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 some geek on the internet wrote a specific hack to get linux running on a specific arm machine. in a short amount of time with little to no documentation. which suggests, contrary to your claim, that m is pretty similar to existing devices, be they pcs or arm chromebook or whatever. similar at least to what is necessary to run linux. where m is wildly different is with respect to optional stuff, like support for the neural engine. open drivers are a necessity in order to be able to develop a linux kernel. not for the optional stuff, like a gpu driver, a neural engine driver. that merely effects performance, prevent fair comparisons for macos and linux. the absence of drivers 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by exomondo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 funny, for many years they did so for windows on intel. supplying the boot camp utility to install windows and closed apple drivers for mac specific hardware. they weren't very good though, the trackpad driver is complete crap and there isn't one for the fingerprint sensor or for customizing the touch bar. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 there isn't one for the fingerprint sensor or for customizing the touch bar. and if nothing in the windows api uses them why would a driver be needed? apple added drivers to get windows working, not to expand the capabilities of windows. the later is up to microsoft to initiate, as it is with linux. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by exomondo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 and if nothing in the windows api uses them why would a driver be needed? because the hardware doesn't work otherwise. you can't unlock your device with the fingerprint id, the trackpad experience is crap because there's no precision touch driver, it's up to the hardware manufacturers to provide drivers to make their hardware work with operating systems. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 and if nothing in the windows api uses them why would a driver be needed? because the hardware doesn't work otherwise. you can't unlock your device with the fingerprint id, the trackpad experience is crap because there's no precision touch driver, it's up to the hardware manufacturers to provide drivers to make their hardware work with operating systems. you are a little confused over who is asking who for a favor. apple provides an operating system. it is not their responsibility to make other operating systems work. however if those other operating system vendors are willing to work with apple then apparently cooperation is possible. the current problem is that the linux community is presenting apple with a list of favors and a list of conditions apple must meet while delivering those favors. conditions unacceptable to apple. the party that wants a favo 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by exomondo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 you are a little confused over who is asking who for a favor. apple provides an operating system. it is not their responsibility to make other operating systems work. however if those other operating system vendors are willing to work with apple then apparently cooperation is possible. apple provides both the hardware and the software. they certainly do make other operating systems work, that's why they provide windows drivers for things like the apple trackpad and why they provide bootcamp. the current problem is that the linux community is presenting apple with a list of favors and a list of conditions apple must meet while delivering those favors. where is this list you speak of? or do you mean asking them for the specifications for their hardware so the linux developers can write the drivers for them because there's not stable kernel abi to provide drivers for? if so then i totally agree, and in fact i think apple's position makes perfect sense 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 yeah, let's replace an open kernel and drivers with closed source crap. a closed driver does close one line of the kernel's code, nor any other open code. people have been successfully using closed drivers on linux for many years. why even bother going to linux in the first place if you're going to just bring it down to the level of, "just trust us." many of us just want a *nix environment, the politics aren't the draw. if a closed driver gets wireless, gpu, etc working, no problem. nothing has been brought down except political ideology, the hardware is more functional and not one line of open source has been lost. the closed source merely plugged a hole open source couldn't. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by jeffowl ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		apple doesn't sell the a series chips to other tablet and phone manufacturers. i don't know why they would start with the m series. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by viol ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		apple have a pretty dominant # or # position in the smartphone market around the world so they don't need to. that doesn't apply in the desktop market where they're very much a niche player. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			ignore the man behind the curtains 		 	 (score: , funny) 		 		 			by algaeman ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		 		 	 	 		microsoft doesn't sell windows for arm, because they don't want people to realize that they could check their email and do zoom calls just as easily on a $ arm box as on a $ box that sounds like a jet engine. this might also cause consumers to question why the os for the device costs - x as much as the hardware. 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re:ignore the man behind the curtains 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 					 <martin.espinoza@gmail.com> 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		homepage journal 		 	 	 		all valid points, but only as commentary. microsoft doesn't sell windows for arm because arm-based platforms are non-standardized. they can sell windows for pcs because pcs have enough in common that you can reasonably make an os to run on them. in arm-land, oses aren't for "arm", but for specific arm platforms, or subsets thereof. you might have a linux distribution that runs on a handful of different implementations, and then you'll have some third parties who produce their own tarball because the official installer doesn't support it. for example, i can run debian on my ancient pogoplugs, but only by going to the forums at doozan.com and downloading the stuff to make it happen from there (kernel, u-boot, and tarball.) 	 	 reply to this parent 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		on the other hand, many people have gotten linux to run on many arm platforms. it is available to anyone who wants to write the necessary drivers or who wants to design their hardware to work with existing drivers. here's an arm platform. now, go get the windows for arm developer kit and put the distro together. oh wait, you can't because ms doesn't offer it. it's a lot of work on linux, but the compilers (including cross compilers) kernel, and userspace are all out there. given that, plus documented hardware 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: ignore the man behind the curtains 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		sure, that works for linux. but microsoft isn't going to adopt that model. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		and that is the real reason. they don't wanna. their choice and their right to make it, but let's not pretend it's anything else. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		microsoft is in the business of selling software. they have to support it. they can't reasonably support the boot process if they're not responsible for it, but they can't reasonably support windows without supporting the boot process. in short, it's just not a viable model for commercial software — not just for microsoft. i would rather argue that operating systems should not be commercial to begin with. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		wind river manages ok with vxworks. ms used to do it with wince 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by drinkypoo ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 wind river manages ok with vxworks. ms used to do it with wince not with end users, in either case. only with corporations. i used to do tech support where everyone who called in was a sysadmin. that was great. supporting the general public, on the other hand, sucks ass. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		sure, they only supported corporations, but in ms's case, not even that anymore. there are good public policy reasons why only supporting corporations is a problem in itself, but that's a different discussion. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by chispito ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 microsoft doesn't sell windows for arm, because they don't want people to realize that they could check their email and do zoom calls just as easily on a $ arm box as on a $ box that sounds like a jet engine. this might also cause consumers to question why the os for the device costs - x as much as the hardware. they don't sell it because they don't want to support it. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by anonymous coward writes: 			 		 	 	 		but they _do_ sell it, that is why this could be tested. it is just that nobody is buying. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by thegarbz ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 this might also cause consumers to question why the os for the device costs - x as much as the hardware. as the raspberry pi has proven, it doesn't take much for a couple of people to throw together some hardware and have it work. as hurd has proven it takes a lot to do the same thing with an os. while some people are waiting for the year of linux on desktop, others are waiting patently for the year of hurd to not be beta. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			year of linux on desktop did arrive ... 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 while some people are waiting for the year of linux on desktop ... the year of linux on desktop did arrive. it's just not quite what people expected. turns out it was the microsoft windows desktop. ;-) here's linux on the microsoft windows app store: https://www.microsoft.com/en-u... [microsoft.com] 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by angel'o'sphere ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		oh my gosh! what happened to plan ??? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by suricouraven ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		it's beloved by computer scientists, who consider it a perfect work of pure theoretical operating system design. it is not loved by people who want to do anything useful. there haven't been any significant updates for plan or inferno in five years. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			cool parlor trick. 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by jcr ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		nothing i need, but good for whoever it was that had the time to do this. -jcr 	 	 	 	 	 		 			how much qemu and how much m ? 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by mykepredko ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		does anybody have any performance stats for qemu vs win running on the same hardware? i'm wondering how much of the performance gain is due to qemu rather than the arm processor. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by sjames ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		qemu typically causes a smallish performance loss vs running on the bare metal. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			windows nt for the powerpc 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by jellomizer ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		 		 	 	 		microsoft has had a bad experience moving of the x intel/amd cpus. they had tried with nt for the powerpc, which failed, as powerpc users were either using macos, or some sort of unix (perhaps a linux) for server stuff. windows ce, which became windows (version) mobile. was designed to run on many other cpus as well. however they had a rocky attempt to gain any traction. the big thing about windows popularity is its backwards compatibility, and its large collection of software that relies on this. many of your old dos apps built in the 's can still run in windows, without dosbox or some sort of emulation. you can still run most apps built for windows . in windows (assuming that the window . app was bit, or you are using a possible bit edition of windows , to run old bit programs) spanning generation around keeping compatibility of the x platform as bonded intel and microsoft into a game of pushing old architecture and designs, not because these companies cannot do something better, but because their market will not allow them to change. because no one wants to buy new software again. apple users kinda need to do that every decade or so. motorola to powerpc (macos to os x) to intel to m . but apple doesn't have a big presence in the corporate market. where companies have invested millions of dollars in legacy software, and want to use them as long as they possibly can. the only sign of change on this trap to microsoft, is the fact of the rise of mobile devices by apple and alphabet, the rise of web services by amazon, where microsoft pushing azure as well. where a lot of software being built today is no longer so tied to the machine language of the computer that you are working on, and is distributed across a set of higher end computers. making the transition off intel possible, but i don't see it happening soon though. perhaps when mobile devices begin to outperform desktop pc's because of new architecture advancing faster than the old one. 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			window on a nd arch is necessary, internally 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 microsoft has had a bad experience moving of the x intel/amd cpus. not really. from day one winnt was designed to be cross platform so they need to keep it working on some contemporary non-x cpu. its software, getting it running on powerpc is nothing like building powerpc based hardware. plus this helps keep the code clean and helps find bugs. bugs that are hard to manifest on one architecture sometimes manifest quite easily on another. when porting x software to powerpc i often found lots of bugs the x devs didn't even know were there. eventually when stuck on a har 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by greatdrok ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		i ran windows nt on an alpha udb box back in the day and while it was bit on a bit platform, it performed pretty well. the x emulation was there and it worked but as ms stopped supporting the alpha over the years i found relying on x emulation became a significant impediment. yesterday i got windows arm running on my m mac mini following the instructions on the web and it is lightning fast compared with my work i windows laptop. more shocking was that the x - emulation actually wasn' 	 	 	 	 	 		 			will apple let you direct boot non macos on arm ma 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by joe_dragon ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		will apple let you direct boot non macos on arm macs? or will they lock the boot loader to mac os only? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by caseih ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		it's locked to booting signed code by default, much like uefi is, but can be disabled to boot anything you want, theoretically. but there is still the issue of hardware driver support, firmware blobs, etc. none of which apple will go out of their way to make available. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			licensing.. make it compulsory 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by fustakrakich ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		it will help mitigate the patent/copyright problem 	 	 	 	 	 		 			on arm? 		 	 (score: , funny) 		 		 			by sound+vision ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : am (# ) 		journal 		 	 	 		why would i want windows on arm? i don't even want windows on x . 	 	 reply to this 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dontbeamoran ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		what about windows on a potato? 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re:on arm? 		 	 (score: , informative) 		 		 			by k. s. kyosuke ( ) writes: 					 		on thursday december , @ : pm (# ) 		 		 	 	 		that's normal windows , isn't it? 	 	 reply to this parent 	share 	 		twitter 		facebook 		 	 flag as inappropriate 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by cysurflex ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		even just the potato would be a blessing. god bless. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by suricouraven ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		potatoes have eyes. eyes to gather telemetry on you. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by drishmung ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		are you saying that windows is actually glados? hmm, that explains a lot actually. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by dontbeamoran ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		sokath! his eyes uncovered! 	 	 	 	 	 		 			re: 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by thegarbz ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		yes, you're clearly the target market being thought of here. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			pot, meet kettle 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by comboman ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 the key obstacle is that microsoft doesn't license windows on arm to any entities other than its own surface group and windows on arm oems like hp, asus and lenovo. yeah, just like apple doesn't license osx to any entities other than...itself. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			licensing to individuals not required ... 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by perpenso ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		 microsoft doesn't license windows on arm to any entities other than its own surface group and windows on arm oems like hp, asus and lenovo ... but microsoft's reluctance to create a license for windows on arm for end users to get arm windows on m we don't need it licensed to end users. we just need apple to be added to the list of hardware vendors that microsoft will work with. its far from ideal but a boot camp like configuration could be a factory build-to-order option from apple. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			"thrashes" 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by kmoser ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		"thrashes" is not the right word to use for describing high performance in an os. in fact, it means quite the opposite. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			can you imagine a beowulf cluster of these? 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by notathome ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		time flies when your having fun 	 	 	 	 	 		 			m$ has egg on it's face 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by malays bowman ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		just...wow. not sure what to say here other than this has got to be embarassing for micro$oft. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			separation of os and apps 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by zebadiahc ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		you know...if the original sentence in microsofts' monopoly trial stood. there would have been a microsoft os division and a microsoft apps division. microsoft os division would have been all over the arm platform for an os. over the years, there would have probably been others as well. apple hw, alternate x platforms, who knows. and ms office and outlook would be on everything as well. years ago. still think it would have been a plus + plus for users and all. 	 	 	 	 	 		 			lsw 		 	 (score: ) 		 		 			by big bipper ( ) writes: 			 		 	 	 		qemu, the linux, bsd, ios subsystem for windows 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 reply beneath your current threshold. 	 	 	 	 	 there may be more comments in this discussion. without javascript enabled, you might want to turn on classic discussion system in your preferences instead. 	 	 	 		 			 			 related links 			 top of the: day, week, month. 			 				 		 commentsemployers warn of rising political tensions at work 	 	 		 commentselection was most secure in american history, us officials say 	 	 		 commentswhat it's like to get locked out of google indefinitely 	 	 		 commentsshould employers cut your salary if you change cities? 	 	 		 commentsmicrosoft word now flags double spaces as errors, ending the great space debate 	 		 			 				next 				 	 	 	 	 					mysterious phishing campaign targets organizations in covid- vaccine cold chain 					 comments 	 				 			 		 		 			 				previous 				 	 	 	 					us states plan to sue facebook next week 					 comments 				 			 		 	 		 	 			 		 		 			 				 				 				 				 					 						 						 slashdot top deals 						 							 						 						 					 					 					 				 			 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 			slashdot 		 		 			 				 				 				 				 				 						post 				 				moderate 				moderator help 				delete 				 					 							 								 									get more comments 								 							 						 	 							 of loaded 						 				 					 				 			 			 				 						submit story 					 		 		 	 	 		 			you can tune a piano, but you can't tuna fish. you can tune a filesystem, but you can't tuna fish. 		-- from the tunefs( ) man page 			 		 	 	 		 				faq 	story archive 	hall of fame 	advertising 	terms 	privacy statement 	about 	feedback 	mobile view 	blog 	 	do not sell my information 		 		 		 		trademarks property of their respective owners. comments owned by the poster. copyright © slashdotmedia. all rights reserved. 	 		 	 	× 			 		 	 	 	 	 close 		 close 		 slashdot 	 	 	 	 	 	 	working... 	 	 	 	 		 		 	 	 	 goodreads plans to retire api access, disables existing api keys | joe's website joe alcorn projects blog goodreads plans to retire api access, disables existing api keys dec. th in news that surprises nobody, goodreads last week quietly announced the deprecation of their public apis. and i mean really quietly – the only people who were told about this were those unfortunate enough to have their existing api keys disabled without warning. other than a small banner at the top of the api docs which mentions vague “plans to retire these tools”, nobody else appears to have heard anything from goodreads, including those whose api keys remain active. so far it seems any key unused for days has been disabled. so this is an “announcement” much in the way a windshield announces its presence to bugs on a highway, and with the same consequences: dead bugs. some developers have taken to the api discussion boards and blogs, but the overall impression i’m getting is grim acceptance. really the surprising thing is how long it took them: amazon has been in charge at goodreads for almost years now, and i think we’ve all been expecting this to come at some point. so why now? what’s changed? well, the fact is the market’s changing – and goodreads isn’t. alternative options are starting to emerge, and since goodreads has forgotten how to innovate, it wants to use its market position to stifle innovation instead. the sad thing is it really only hurts the hobbyist projects and goodreads users themselves. anybody seriously attempting to compete with goodreads is well aware of the amazon-shaped elephant in the room and is likely prepared. it’s the users and the hackers that this move will harm, and if anything it further reinforces the need for viable alternatives. personally i’m going to continue pouring my efforts into building readng. i’m already using it to keep track of my reads & collections, along with a few thousand beta testers. i’m really excited by our plans and think we have the right team to execute, but we also need a shift in consumer behaviour. the web has to mature beyond advertising as a business model. for this to happen people are going to have to open their wallets, pay for the services they use, and support independent businesses. that’s how we build a web where indies can thrive - one that’s more village centre than financial centre. i think the shift is underway. ps: here’s my own readng profile. you should probably use our goodreads importer while our api key works, huh? have something to say? leave a comment your name email (optional, not shared) 	contact 	github 	twitter 	rss none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none none eight hour day monument | monument australia home | search | map | contribute www.monumentaustralia.org.au 	conflict 	culture 	disaster 	government 	landscape 	people 	technology 	sources 	disclaimer 	links 	contact 	about us 	volunteers recommend site bookmark site! dear monument australia visitors, we are a self-funded, non-profit organisation, dedicated to recording monuments throughout australia. over time the costs of maintaining this website have risen substantially (in fact they are probably larger than those of many companies who exist for profit). in the past we have borne all the costs associated with maintaining the website but we are now having difficulties in paying the monthly expenses. -november- : we are aware that some organisations, individuals or companies may have received an email requesting donations to assist monument australia. these emails are not authorised by monument australia and we do not know the person who sent them. you should not make any payments to any bank account details in the email. we only use the paypal “donate” button on this webpage to accept donations. if monument australia is useful to you, please make a donation to keep this historical and educational resource available. your help would be greatly appreciated. home » themes » culture eight hour day monumentprint page eight hour day monument photographs supplied by kent watson a monument commemorates the hours movement which was initiated in victoria in . the monument was originally unveiled in spring street in .  in , the monument was removed to russell and victoria streets and unveiled for the second time on february th, .  the eight hours league campaigned for an eight hour day on the basis of eight hours work, eight hours for rest, and eight hours for recreation and education. on th february , james galloway convinced a meeting of employers and employees to begin implementing the hour day. a public holiday was declared and floats were prepared to represent the various trades, and was celebrated until the last procession in . the eight hour day was a campaign that brought about one of the most important changes to the rights of workers. there were two major campaigns that took place, both in sydney and melbourne, but it’s the melbourne movement that is widely known for successfully changing the general rights of workers for the better. in on april st, victorian stonemasons staged a well-organised and executed protest. the stonemasons had been working on the construction of the old quadrangle building, the original site of melbourne university, when they all downed their tools and proceeded to march on to parliament house along with other members of the building trade. during the march held in melbourne, those attending the protest carried banners that held the symbol of three figure ’s. the intertwined numbers ' ' represented the ideal that the workers were fighting for – “ hours work, hours recreation, hours rest”. coined as early as by robert owen, an english socialist, the significant motif of this slogan would later adorn many of australia’s union buildings. following the success of the eight hour day protest, the stonemasons celebrated that year with a holiday and procession held on monday th of may, known as the whit-monday holiday. inspiring all that benefited from the new law, the parade saw almost people take part in the march, with patrons of the parade holding backgrounds in as many as trades. travelling from the carlton gardens to the cremorne gardens in richmond, the march was a festive event with workers marching proudly with decorative banners alongside floats and bands performing.  moomba festivities since then obscure the original meaning of the celebration. the required pounds was not initially subscribed and only the pedestal was erected, in percival ball`s model was followed with the erection of a granite column surmounted by three large figure eights and above that sphere representing the world. the working men of ballarat erected this monument in honour of thomas galloway, the founder of the hour system in victoria. traditionally melbourne claims australian parentage of the eight-hour day. monument unveiling location 	address:	russell & victoria streets, melbourne, 	state:	vic 	area:	aus 	gps coordinates:	lat: - . long: . note: gps coordinates are approximate. view google mapdetails 	monument type:	monument 	monument theme:	culture 	sub-theme:	community 	actual event start date:	 -february- 	actual event end date:	 -february- 	designer:	percival ball dedication 	actual monument dedication date:	tuesday st april, front inscription rest labor recreation              to commemorate the -hours movement initiated in victoria            erected       source: ma,rumv monument details supplied by monument australia - www.monumentaustralia.org.au 		 animals 		 community 		 crime 		 indigenous 		 religion 		 sport contact monument australia © monument australia - all rights reserved - designed by ubc web design nick ruest search nick ruest 	 home 	 c.v. 	 posts 	 presentations 	 publications 	 projects 	 visualizations 	 music 	 contact nick ruest associate librarian york university 	 	 	 	 	 	 biography nick ruest is an associate librarian in the digital scholarship infrastructure department at york university, co-principal investigator of the andrew w. mellon foundation funded the archives unleashed project, co-principal investigator of the sshrc grant “a longitudinal analysis of the canadian world wide web as a historical resource, - ”, and co-principal investigator of the compute canada research platforms and portals web archives for longitudinal knowledge. at york university, he oversees the libraries’ preservation initiatives, along with creating and implementing systems that support the capture, description, delivery, and preservation of digital objects having significant content of enduring value. he was previously active in the islandora and fedora communities, serving as project director for the islandora claw project, member of the islandora foundation’s roadmap committee and board of directors, and contributed code to the project. he has also served as the release manager for islandora and fedora, the moderator for the ocul digital curation community, the president of the ontario library and technology association, and president of mcmaster university academic librarians’ association. interests 	web archives 	data analytics 	distributed systems 	information retrieval 	digital preservation education 	 mlis, wayne state university 	 bachelor of arts political science, minor in history, university of michigan-dearborn recent publications more publications building community at distance: a datathon during covid- samantha fritz, ian milligan, nick ruest, jimmy lin pdf project content-based exploration of archival images using neural networks tobi adewoye, xiao han, nick ruest, ian milligan, samantha fritz, jimmy lin pdf project video the archives unleashed project: technology, process, and community to improve scholarly access to web archives nick ruest, jimmy lin, ian milligan, samantha fritz pdf project video we could, but should we? ethical considerations for providing access to geocities and other historical digital collections jimmy lin, ian milligan, douglas w. oard, nick ruest, katie shilton pdf the archives unleashed project: technology, process, and community to improve scholarly access to web archives nick ruest, jimmy lin, ian milligan, samantha fritz pdf solr integration in the anserini information retrieval toolkit ryan clancy, toke eskildsen, nick ruest, jimmy lin pdf dataset project building community and tools for analyzing web archives through datathons ian milligan, nathalie casemajor, samantha fritz, jimmy lin, nick ruest, matthew s. weber, nicholas worby pdf project slides scalable content-based analysis of images in web archives with tensorflow and the archives unleashed toolkit hsiu-wei yang, linqing liu, ian milligan, nick ruest, jimmy lin pdf dataset project poster the archives unleashed notebook: madlibs for jumpstarting scholarly exploration ryan deschamps, nick ruest, jimmy lin, samantha fritz, ian milligan pdf project poster the cost of a warc: analyzing web archives in the cloud ryan deschamps, samantha fritz, jimmy lin, ian milligan, nick ruest pdf project slides recent & upcoming talks more talks lowering the barrier to access: the archives unleashed cloud project jun , the web that was: archives, traces, reflections resaw slides project sustainability and research platforms: the archives unleashed cloud project jun , international internet preservation consortium web archiving conference slides see a little warclight: building an open-source web archive portal with project blacklight jun , international internet preservation consortium web archiving conference slides web archives analysis at scale with the archives unleashed cloud (with ian milligan) apr , cni spring membership meeting slides oh, i get by with a little help from my friends: interdisciplinary web archive collaboration. feb , workshop on quantitative analysis and the digital turn in historical studies slides make it walk! may , archives association of ontario slides hot tips to boost your interdisciplinary web archive collaboration! apr , lewis & ruth sherman centre for digital scholarship speak series slides the world is a beautiful and terrible place mar , national forum on ethics and archiving the web slides video boosting your interdisciplinary web archive collaboration feb , bc research libraries group lecture series slides twitter and web archive analysis at scale feb , data love-in : a day of data management planning and conversations slides recent posts more posts enhancing archives unleashed toolkit usability with spark-submit originally posted here. over the last month, we have put out several toolkit releases. the primary focus of the releases has been … may , min read cloud-hosted web archive data: the winding path to web archive collections as data originally posted here. web archives are hard to use, and while the past activities of archives unleashed has helped to lower these … feb , min read twut. wait, wut? twut? originally posted here. introduction a few of the archives unleashed team members have a pretty in-depth background of working with … dec , min read exploring #elxn twitter data introduction a few years ago library archives canada, ian milligan and i collected tweets from the nd canadian federal election. ian … nov , min read geocities and the spacer.gif originally posted here. https://gifcities.org trevor owens and grace thomas recently had their article, “the invention and … oct , min read projects archives unleashed project archives unleashed aims to make petabytes of historical internet content accessible to scholars and others interested in researching the recent past. supported by a grant from the andrew w. mellon foundation, we will be developing web archive search and data analysis tools to enable scholars and librarians to access, share, and investigate recent history since the early days of the world wide web. web archives for historical research our research focuses on both web histories - writing about the recent past as reflected in web archives - as well as methodological approaches to understanding these repositories. islandora claw islandora claw is the next generation of islandora. fedora repository fedora is the flexible, modular, open source repository platform with native linked data support. visualizations , #elxn images dear donald; may - january . happy new year to everyone, including the haters and the fake news media! totally clears the president. thank you! , , audio cover images from the internet archive , , #womensmarch images a month of tweets at @realdonaldtrump islandora claw development , , #panamapapers images , #ymmfire images , #thehip, #hipinkingston images , , #elxn images , #makedonalddrumpfagain images #elxn wordclouds by day anon development visualization islandora .x- . development music unfavourable offerings sloppy a-sides, last of the worst strange delights the humans soundtrackpro unlimited the achievements the potions - regular release ep sloppy b-sides, first of the worst surnom de gorille the potions @ the lifton matterwave foci . audio wardrobe's jacuzzi contact 	 ruestn@yorku.ca cc-by · powered by the academic theme for hugo. cite × copy download none none none none none none none none none none news from elsevier: no open access deal, but spyware against shadow libraries? skip to content in diesem jahr fehlen uns zur ausfinanzierung unserer arbeit noch . € wir haben aufgeschrieben, warum eine spende in unserer arbeit gut angelegt ist. mit deiner unterstützung können wir noch mehr machen. spende jetzthintergründe hier wird eigentlich per klick unser spendenwidget nachgeladen. du unterdrückst skripte und willst uns aber trotzdem unterstützen? dann besuche unsere spendenseite. ×	dossiers & recherchen 	podcast 	 -tage 	shop 	transparenz 	Über uns 	newsletter 	netzwerk 	spenden spenden suche nach: suchen news from elsevier no open access deal, but spyware against shadow libraries? almost universities and research institutes in germany currently do not have access to journals published by the largest scientific publisher, elsevier. instead of negotiating a switch to open access, however, elsevier prefers to fight shadow libraries that make the contractless situation more bearable for researchers. . . um : uhr - leonhard dobusch - in wissen - keine ergänzungen the crow is the emblem of the scientific shadow library sci-hub – gemeinfrei-ähnlich freigegeben durch unsplash.com kasturi roy five years have passed since universities, universities of applied sciences and research institutions in germany initiated terminating their contracts with the world’s largest scientific publisher, elsevier. there are now almost institutions that no longer have a contract and thus no direct access to elsevier journals. the reason for this wave of cancellations was a combination of exorbitant price (increases) and the publisher’s refusal to switch to new open access publishing models. however, it is precisely such new, quasi germany-wide open access agreements that have been signed with the two next largest scientific publishing houses, wiley ( ) and springer nature ( ), as part of „project deal“. these agreements provide for all participating universities and research institutions to be granted access to the publishers‘ journals (archives) and for all articles written by their researchers to be freely and permanently accessible on the internet worldwide. in turn, publish & read fees are charged for each published article. the contracts have been published in full on the web, including conditions (see contract with springernature and contract with wiley). elsevier no longer negotiates… with elsevier, such an agreement has not yet been possible. in july the negotiations were broken off and, according to the deal project, „formal negotiations have not yet resumed“. one of the reasons for the hard line stance in negotiations between the scientific institutions and elsevier is the, at least tacit, approval of the scientists primarily affected by the cancellations. noticeable protests against the restrictions on access have so far been absent. on the contrary, many prominent scientists support the negotiating goals of project deal, for example by stopping their editorial activities for elsevier (a similar boycott initiative at international level is running under the title „the cost of knowledge“). geographic distribution of sci-hub usage in germany, based upon an analysis of log files (data predominantly from ; sources: strecker )what makes it easier to do without elsevier access in everyday research is the existence of digital shadow libraries. in a recent book contribution to „light and shadow in the academic media industry“, the sociologist and copyright researcher georg fischer distinguishes between three types of academic shadow libraries: 	#icanhazpdf refers to the „academic shadow practice“ of asking on twitter for scientific papers to which researchers at their institutions do not have access. however, these ad hoc requests do not create a permanent archive, and sometimes requests are even asked to be deleted after the article has been received. 	thematically specialised shadow libraries such as ubuweb or aaarg („artists, architects and activists reading group“) archive content in the fields of art, film, architecture and literature. 	comprehensive shadow libraries such as libgen (primarily for books) and sci-hub (primarily for articles in scientific journals) function like search engines and allow very fast and uncomplicated access, but are not always easily accessible (e.g. due to dns blocking). however, the coverage of sci-hub in particular is impressive. according to an analysis by himmelstein and others from , sci-hub provides access to from to percent of the articles of the eight largest publishers, including elsevier, with a coverage of . percent. no wonder that sci-hub has high access rates (see also illustration of visits in germany based on logfile analyses) and is of great importance as a substitute for conventional access beyond contracts or inter-library loan. …but relies on spyware in the fight against „cybercrime“ of course, sci-hub and other shadow libraries are a thorn in elsevier’s side. since they have existed, libraries at universities and research institutions have been much less susceptible to blackmail. their staff can continue their research even without a contract with elsevier. instead of offering transparent open access contracts with fair conditions, however, elsevier has adopted a different strategy in the fight against shadow libraries. these are to be fought as „cybercrime“, if necessary also with technological means. within the framework of the „scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)“, which was founded together with other large publishers, elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled „cybersecurity landscape – protecting the scholarly infrastructure“*, hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data („develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies“). with the help of an „analysis engine“, not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used—if not primarily—against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub. should universities worry about sci-hub? the faqs of the snsi initiative also explain why scientific institutions should worry about sci-hub („why should i worry about sci-hub?“): sci-hub may fall into the category of state-sponsored actors. it hosts stolen research papers which have been harvested from publisher platforms often using stolen user credentials. according to the washington post, the us justice department is currently investigating the founder of sci-hub, alexandra elbakayan, for links between her and russian intelligence. if there is substance to this investigation, then using sci-hub to access research papers could have much wider ramifications than just getting access to content that sits behind a paywall. more subjunctive would hardly have been possible. this is how elbakyan, who had already been portrayed in a list of „nature’s : ten people who mattered this year“ in , introduces herself on sci-hub, by the way: presentation of alexandra elbakyan on sci-hubin any case, hardly any sci-hub user has a guilty conscience. in a survey published in sciencemag, almost percent of more than , respondents admitted that they did not think it was wrong to download illegally copied articles. and: more than a third of them use sci-hub even if access via the library would have been possible. the piratebay for research also scores points from a usability point of view. historical opportunity for comprehensive open access transformation the idea of open access, i.e. completely free digital access to scientific research results, is about as old as the internet. whether the vision of comprehensive open access science becomes reality could also depend on the existence of and access to shadow libraries. they provide universities and research institutions with the negotiating leeway needed to make the transition to open access. after all, research institutions were and are quite prepared to pay reasonable prices for publishing services. the inappropriate conditions of elsevier & co, while at the same time blocking sustainable and comprehensive open access, are the problem. * there is an automatically generated transcript of the webinar as well as a pdf of the set of slides to document the context of the quoted statements. du möchtest mehr kritische berichterstattung? unsere arbeit bei netzpolitik.org wird fast ausschließlich durch freiwillige spenden unserer leserinnen und leser finanziert. das ermöglicht uns mit einer redaktion von derzeit menschen viele wichtige themen und debatten einer digitalen gesellschaft journalistisch zu bearbeiten. mit deiner unterstützung können wir noch mehr aufklären, viel öfter investigativ recherchieren, mehr hintergründe liefern - und noch stärker digitale grundrechte verteidigen!   unterstütze auch du unsere arbeit jetzt mit deiner spende. hier wird eigentlich per skript mit unserem spendenwidget nachgeladen. du unterdrückst das nachladen von skripten und willst uns aber trotzdem unterstützen? dann besuche unsere spendenseite. Über den autor/ die autorin leonido leonhard dobusch, betriebswirt und jurist, forscht als universitätsprofessor für organisation an der universität innsbruck u.a. zum management digitaler gemeinschaften und transnationaler urheberrechtsregulierung.er twittert als @leonidobusch und bloggt privat als leonido sowie gemeinsam mit anderen bei governance across borders bzw. am os conjunction blog und ist mitgründer und wissenschaftlicher leiter des momentum instituts sowie der momentum-kongressreihe.mail: leonhard@netzpolitik.org veröffentlicht . . um : kategorie	 wissen schlagworte	 academic publishing 	 cybercrime 	 elsevier 	 english 	 freies wissen 	 großverlage 	 it security 	 open-access 	 projekt deal 	 proxy 	 sci-hub 	 scientific publishing 	 wissenschaft beitrags-navigation vorheriger beitrag previous post: kein open-access-deal, dafür mit spyware gegen schattenbibliotheken? nächster beitrag next post: biden-harris: worauf darf die netzpolitik hoffen? unsere lesetipps demokratieonline advertising „we just need the market to not be rigged“ competition scholar dina srinivasan looks at how google dominates online ad exchanges. in an interview with netzpolitik.org, she explains why the tech giant has conflicts of interest that need to be managed. lesen sie diesen artikel: „we just need the market to not be rigged“ weiterlesen alexander fanta - . . um : uhr demokratierussian disinformation the network of fake foreign media for years, alleged news portals from europe have been disseminating russian propaganda. netzpolitik.org and welt have now uncovered a network that is supposed to make lies in russian media more credible. there are connections to the secret service. lesen sie diesen artikel: the network of fake foreign media weiterlesen daniel laufer, alexej hock - . . um : uhr Öffentlichkeitfreedom of the press google funds mouthpiece of rwandan regime the google news initiative writes cheques to media around the globe, including pro-regime newspapers in countries under autocratic rule – a move that baffles human rights advocates. lesen sie diesen artikel: google funds mouthpiece of rwandan regime weiterlesen alexander fanta, ingo dachwitz - . . um : uhr ergänzungen ergänzung abbrechen wir freuen uns auf deine anmerkungen, fragen, korrekturen und inhaltlichen ergänzungen zum artikel. unsere regeln zur veröffentlichung von ergänzungen findest du unter netzpolitik.org/kommentare. deine e-mail-adresse wird nicht veröffentlicht. deine ergänzung name email website meinen namen, e-mail und website in diesem browser speichern, bis ich wieder kommentiere. 	datenschutz 	Überwachung 	netze 	Öffentlichkeit 	wissen 	nutzerrechte 	technologie 	kultur 	demokratie lizenz: die von uns verfassten inhalte stehen, soweit nicht anders vermerkt, unter der lizenz creative commons by-nc-sa . . 	Über uns 	impressum 	 tage 	kommentarregeln 	datenschutz mit freundlicher unterstützung von boeing max changes beyond mcas - leeham news and analysis 	 	 		 		 			 			 				 					 					 					 						 						 							 								 								 							 							 								 									leeham news and analysis 								 								 									there's more to real news than a news release.								 							 						 						 					 					 					 			 				 					there's more to real news than a news release.				 				 				 						login 	account 				 				 			 			 			 			 				 				 					 					 							about leeham news 	team 	about this blog 	reader comment rules 	subscribe 	contact 					 					 				 			 			 			 		 		 	 	 	 	 	 		 		 	 					 			 	 			 	 			 			 			 			 				 	 				 leeham news and analysis 	hotr: narrowbody delivery recovery in december , 	boeing, speea and union reamalgamation december , 	pontifications: lessons of the titans: book review december , 	bjorn’s corner: the challenges of hydrogen. part . hydrogen airliner program december , 	the and a , part : operational economics comparison december , 	 				 			 			 			 			 			 	 				 				 		 					 	boeing max changes beyond mcas download 	 	by bjorn fehrm november , , ©. leeham news: last week, we went through the core mcas changes the faa demanded from boeing to lift the grounding of the max and . as the investigation into the max crashes deepened, changes were added beyond the core mcas related changes. a single sensor failure, like the angle of attack failures for lion air jt and ethiopian airlines et , triggered a multitude of failure warnings. these warnings absorbed the crew’s concentration, invalidating faa certification assumptions on crew reaction times for critical trim failures. as a result, the faa required additional crew alert and procedure changes for the max. a multitude of warnings from a single failure as faa and boeing played through what happened in the max crashes in boeing’s engineering simulators, the cascading alerts triggered by a faulty single angle of attack (aoa) sensor stood out: 	stick shaker went on on the affected side from rotation and stayed on all the time, despite the aircraft flying with the correct speed and not being close to stall. 	ias (airspeed) unreliable alert triggered 	alt (altitude) unreliable alert triggered 	aoa (angle of attack) unreliable should have shown but didn’t because of a bug in max’s software that tied it to the optional display of aoa on the pilot’s primary flight display (pfd, the pilot’s electronic horizon display). 	the speed tapes on the pilot’s primary flight display behaved strangely, showing too low speed and high speed concurrently in the et case. several trim related failures in such an environment relied on the pilots identifying the trim misbehavior within four seconds. when flight crews from different airlines were flying these scenarios, it became clear such assumptions were unrealistic. complete system safety assessment the faa went through boeing’s system safety assessments (ssa) of the complete flight control system and its stabilizer control and demanded a complete ssa of mcas, including upstream and downstream interfaces. a complete ssa includes failure mode effects analysis, functional hazard assessment, and fault tree analysis. all possible failures were analyzed, and no scenarios were allowed that required immediate action of the flight crew. boeing, therefore, introduced the flight control computer (fcc) trim monitor to catch any faulty trim commands, be it for speed trim, mcas, or autopilot trim. the trim monitor compares the trim commands from the two flight control computers and checks if any difference exists between the computed commands. if the monitor finds an anomaly, it stops the trim actions and displays speed trim fail. speed trim and mcas stop working, the autopilot disconnects, and the flight directors shut down. the change cleaned up alerts and stopped any dangerous trim actions. the mcas and trim monitor changes bring changes to the pilots flight manuals, checklists, pilot training, and the content in type rating and recurrent simulator training. the changes affect procedures for unreliable airspeed, -altitude and -angle of attack and then runaway stabilizer, inoperative stabilizer trim, and failed speed trim. public review all changes were reviewed by the four certification authorities (faa, easa, transport canada, brazil’s anac) and checked by flight crews from the countries’ airlines. the crews had different backgrounds, experience levels, and proficiency. the faa then submitted all changes for public comment. faa evaluated each comment to understand if it warranted any further changes to software, hardware, or training. it’s the final result of all these steps that are the basis for the changes to max software, hardware (a wiring separation change to bring the max to current standards), manuals, and training. in total it forms the basis for the lifting of the max grounding. changes to the ng the max findings were continuously checked against the ng to see if it should trigger any ng safety changes. as the ng has the steering column trim cut-out switches active at all times, no safety-related changes were necessary (the pilots stop any miss-trims by just holding against with the yoke, an instinctive pilot action). but the failure behavior of the ng and max and the actions they shall trigger are no longer identical. it’s not optimal for airlines operating mixed fleets. therefore, a change package for the ng is the next step for boeing to bring the types in sync for manuals, checklists, procedures, and training. faa and boeing have not told us the time frame for this package and if there will be any software or hardware changes? share this: 	print 	email 	twitter 	pinterest 	whatsapp 	linkedin 	tumblr 	facebook 	reddit 	 	related 	  category: boeing, boeing max, et , ethiopian airlines, lion air 	  tags: max, boeing, ethiopian airlines et , jt , kion air, mcas 	← updating airbus and boeing orders at risk 	enhancing the dreamliner, part : wrap up → 	 	 	 			 			 comments on “boeing max changes beyond mcas”		 		 			 	 		 			 				 					rüdiger november , 				 			 			 								thank you for the excellent article. what restrictions from the mmel are expected in case of an aoa sensor failure? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								i also understand there is a chip added? can you clarify what role that plays. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								this is worth a read (if you are under the nyt limit) https://www.nytimes.com/ / / /sunday-review/boeing- -max.html 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								brazil is allowing max to fly again. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								the speed trim fail indicator remains lit at landing, and prohibits dispatch, if any event disables sts (including mcas & aoa failures). both fcc’s were already required for dispatch (indicator lit on ground for bootup fcc failure, master caution and on-side flt cont lit for in-flight failure). here are the mel changes from the fsb review: ( ) dispatch is not permitted with both autopilot systems inoperative. ( ) the autopilot disengage aural warning system must be operative for dispatch. ( ) the stab out of trim light must be operative for dispatch. ( ) the speed trim function must be operative for dispatch. ( ) the speed trim fail light must be operative for dispatch. ( ) dispatch is not permitted with both a/p engage command (cmd) switches (a and b) inoperative. ( ) dispatch is not permitted with both a/p engage command (cmd) switch lights inoperative. ( ) dispatch is not permitted with both autopilot (a/p) disengage lights inoperative. dispatch may be made with one a/p disengage light inoperative provided the autopilot disengage aural warning system operates normally. ( ) dispatch is not permitted with both control wheel autopilot disengage switches inoperative. dispatch may be made with one control wheel autopilot disengage switch inoperative provided the following conditions are met. a) mode control panel autopilot disengage bar operates normally, b) autopilot is not used below , feet agl, and c) approach minimums do not require use of autopilot. ( ) both control wheel trim switch systems must be operative for dispatch. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rüdiger november , 				 			 			 								thank you, rob 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								thankyou rob. that’s a lot, at least some necessitated by dual cross-monitoring architecture, it appears. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								i think the ng + max crew alerting system should be replaced by a crew alerting system meeting the latest requirements. a system helping the crew in difficult circumstances instead of confusing it. boeing was exempted from doing so by the faa for the max. we now know the strength boeing had on influencing faa decisions. https://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-aerospace/boeing-pushed-faa-to-arelax- -max-certification-requirements-for-crew-alerts/ the issue with this systems has been inherited by the max from the ng & so far managed to sneak through. why & how ? https://www.nytimes.com/ / / /business/boeing- -accidents.html 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								this issue was raised by several of the proposed ad commenters and was addressed by the faa in the final report. the alerting system with current changes was found to be compliant. “the max complies with cfr . , as specified in that airplane’s certification basis. the max crew alerting system is not substantially changed from the ng crew alerting system, which has been shown through service history to be reliable and safe. the faa has determined the existing certification basis for the max airplane is appropriate for the design changes necessary to correct the identified unsafe condition. the faa lacks a factual basis to require any changes (simplifying the crew alerting system or converting to eicas) other than those proposed in the nprm and mandated by this ad.” 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								“grandfathering” of old design & requirements is printed in fat letters across this. and it is very worrying to me. the troubled service history of this system has been cleaned up by excluding failures that have been corrected since. then it suddenly looks ok again. and a streamlined faa approved, because correction would be “impractical” (/costly). next: everybody wants to forget, move on asap. wait for the next ng/max crash where this system is involved. the process : smartly (let others) discredit the pilots / out-communicate the airline. meanwhile point out to everyone they must wait for the official investigation report that will come out in - months, when everybody is payed off / moved on. another one defused. nearly worked on the lionair max too. maybe nothing has really changed & it’s indeed a cultural thing. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								keejse: the is just the worst of the examples. as we saw in other modern jet crashes, the system also is no help. if memory is not shot, the quanta a crew spend over . hours dealing with alarms when the engine blew up. as a nuts and bolts pilot, my take is the hell with the alarms, put this thing down and now. but they were trained to go through each alarms step and they had not a clue if the wing was going to fall off or if the engine they could not control was loosing oil and would rip off the wing. programmers have been allowed to go wild and no one has reined them in on aircraft control system. there should be mandated standards but there are not. we would not want to stifle innovation would we? oh yes we would, if its in the air, stifle away. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					ted november , 				 			 			 								yes, it seems to be the order of the day in product design. if you can’t dazzle them with brilliance, baffle them with computer overload of obvious or needless added systems. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					mark from toronto november , 				 			 			 								not sure if putting it down right away would not have been a disaster. the plane was heavy and a lot of systems were not operational. it may have gone off and ended in a fireball. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					dukeofurl november , 				 			 			 								the qantas a was tonnes over maximum landing weight, the on board software couldnt give them a landing distance at this weight. however the crew were able to remove the wet runway feature as it was dry and the result was there was m to spare. so was marginal anyway and when they did land with one engine out another degraded and some flaps damaged , tires burst. being methodical worked in this case as many of the fault alarms were real and not ‘needless’ 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					captain bud november , 				 			 			 								my kind of pilot. i’ve flown most boeing’s except the and airbus. give me a boeing any day. perhaps if the right seat guy had more than hours, which is insane, that accident wouldn’t have happened. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					dukeofurl november , 				 			 			 								“early in the development of the max, boeing considered equipping the flight deck with its state-of-the-art flight-crew alerting system, called eicas, the engine-indicating and crew-alerting system.” – seattle times which was first introduced on the / . so boeing has bypassed such a system in all of its upgrades, the first for the classic ( ) , then for the ng ( ) and finally for the max. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								as best you exaggerate. major changes have been made to the systems. more are desired but are not important enough to delay rts further, they are being studied which is essential for safety so new failure modes are not introduced (like mcas). on the face of it, easa has brought up a point, sounds like they judge ‘fail operational’ to be necessary to even discontinue a complex approach. i presume the question of whether or not ‘synthetic aoa’ is enough will be discussed. it is another example of a local difference, such as – many years ago – some countries in europe having much more need for gps laas for precision approaches because they had not been as rigorous on keeping other rf transmitters away from ils locations. (iirc the problem was that when two signals are of a certain frequency difference from each other they can create a third emission that could overlap a needed frequency (localizer being somewhat close to consumer radio/tv stations.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					claes eriksson november , 				 			 			 								what is the timimg on the :rd synthetic alfa probe easa has been requesting and boeing promised in addition to a stick shaker cut-out switch? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								timing is that the third sensor is required for max- certification, then to be rolled out to earlier models. expected in under the current conditions. easa has said this sensor is not required for safety, but is an enhancement. faa has ruled out the interim use of the circuit breaker to disable stick shaker as non-compliant. so boeing will need to develop a solution for that. i have not seen any estimate for when that will happen but likely the same relationship to max- certification. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								from the easa proposed ad today, easa will allow stick shaker disable with the circuit breaker, until boeing provides an alternative. tcca may do likewise. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					jakdak november , 				 			 			 								any idea how sensible this is or not ? i.e. is it within reach of the pilots when seated ? is it very clearly marked so that no mistakes can be made, and a circuit breaker for another system pulled instead causing additional problems ? boeing weren’t keen on the circuit breaker being used, they may have had a valid reason. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								the reason was the circuit breakers are behind the seats on either side, so someone has to get out of their seat in a potentially critical situation. “the faa finds that an erroneous stick shaker, while it may pose a distraction to the flight crew, does not affect controllability of the airplane. the stick shaker circuit breaker locations also do not meet faa requirements for convenient operation for emergency controls for the complete range of pilots from their normal seated position in the flight deck, leading to possible distraction from their primary duties to safely control and monitor the aircraft. furthermore, inclusion of these additional steps would add cognitive and physical workload to an already substantial airspeed unreliable non-normal procedure, and errors in locating and pulling the correct circuit breaker may lead to other airplane hazards. balancing the concerns associated with adding a procedure to pull circuit breakers against the distraction of an erroneous stick shaker, the faa has concluded that the design is compliant and safe, and therefore no change to the proposed non-normal procedures related to silencing the max stall warning is required for this ad.” 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								jakdak: a cb in the techy end of things is not intended as a control device. it can act that way, but cb mfg do not design them for that type of service. its not that you will wear it out (caveat, not designed for constant use) and this would be rare enough not to be an issue. if you need to disable a circuit, you put a switch in an accessible location and let the cb do its job of current limiting. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					claes november , 				 			 			 								yes, the stick shaker circuit-brakers will have colored “stockins” helping pilots pull the right one, red and green to match starboard and port would be logical. rnp approaches will be banned by easa until the :rd alfa probe comes on-line still no metion of the - yo-yo manouver simulator training to offload aero loads on the horizontal stab at high speeds to be able to turn the wheel. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								the maneuver was brought up by commenters. the faa responded that it wasn’t needed within the expected flight envelope. the training already covers moderation of aerodynamic loading by reducing speed and momentary easing of the control column. the goal of the training is to avoid highly loading the wheels. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								the goal of an air bag is to reorganize you will need it and ensure it works. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								‘synthetic aoa’ is not adequate? 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rüdiger november , 				 			 			 								is there any information available how the third sensor would work and be implemented? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								the base concept is from the where it uses gps data (though in that case i believe its speed not aoa) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					claes eriksson november , 				 			 			 								some air speed input and comparison with gps and ring laser gyro data it should be pretty straight forward programming to calculate an alfa with a only few degrees error margin to conclude witch probe is bad. still it need to be verified in turbulence, wind shear and other weatcher conditions but that work seems to have been done already on the ? maybe the chineese caac will speed up its incorporation and a stick shaker cut-out switch with a warning light when triggerd as a requirement to be incorporated before a certain chinese new year and if not the max will endure a new caac grounding. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								it’s not mentioned as a requirement in either faa or easa ad’s. the faa response to comments is that it’s not needed because safe flight is continued with an aoa failure. faa also said they had evaluated all consumers of aoa data and concluded there was no flight safety issue caused by aoa failure. easa has prohibited autopilot approaches to precision landings, based on the inability to resolve correct aoa after a failure of one sensor. they also said this was a temporary restriction. so from that, we might infer that they expect the third aoa sensor will be integrated in some manner with autopilot and landing systems. but pure speculation at this point. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								the reality is aoa is not needed. unfortunate (with all due apologies to bjorn who was a fighter pilot) the airlines were taken over by fighter pilots during and post vietnam war. it was part of their comfort zone (ore more acualy it serves a purpsoe when wild maneuvers are part of your existence ) it does not serve any useful purpose for airline ops, just another item to go wrong and cause false alarms. its not even on the pfd. you have your attitude indicator which tells you all you need to know about aircraft attitudes. i got to fly an md flight simulator. all i needed was the pfd and the instructor call out for raising the nose. the pfd was perfect as were the auto throttles. i spent many happy an hour in a c / in unusual attitudes (love em) with the simple version of a pfd and an audible for stall. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					marku november , 				 			 			 								that is quite a sad collection of down stream faults to be undiscovered until over people are dead. i suppose that can be expected when you keep layering complexity and band aids on an aging design. and grand fathering the result. one hopes they have caught them all now…. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								mark: that is a tough one as most of the findings had not caused any issue in the past. much like house wring mandating certain size ( gauge). you could use , its more than rated for the current. its overkill to a degree but its a leel of safety as well. ergo, the wiring separation is not done on the ng but is on the max (boeing like so many things missed it, same issue on the kc ) so, the authorities cherry pick and say it has to be on the max per current regs (it was per reg on ng). but its the same issue. its not ever known to fail and cross the two wires, but it is now a regualtion. so you have ngs that are identical to the max in that regard but will not be brought up to the same standard. the computer cross check and hot swap is the same. its long been considered a prudent move, now for the max its mandatory and the ng sails on as is. ironical at the rate of cancellations, the ng may have a longer produion run than the max. again the possible faults in computers not doing sanity checks on each other has never occurred. also to be kept in mind, you change one thing and you then have to change others. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					frank november , 				 			 			 								twa, i respectfully beg to differ, in reference to the awg vs awg. i am in the process of gutting and renovating my unit building and have done most of the work myself, but have leaned on several certified tradesmen friends in certain areas – notably electrical & plumbing. (because burning the house down or flooding the basement is a bad thing, i am told…) depending on where you live, the building code and how stringent the inspectors are, using gauge on a amp breaker will not pass. at the very least, you must run white tape around the red wire that goes into your panel, where it leads to the neutral bus bar. from what i understand, having run across this very situation, is that in the future your panel may be opened up by someone else – who has not done the work installing awg & a setup and incorrect assumptions could be made. inspectors don’t like to see this, i am told. you want a rated wire – use a a breaker and a receptacles – as i have in the kitchen for single circuit plugs. god knows the wife will try to run the toaster, coffee maker & microwave oven (and would plug in a hair dryer too, if she could, with a power bar) don’t mix gauges and wires on the same circuit. run individual circuits to high use areas (kitchen, bathroom) for receptacles where more things are likely to get used. but your analogy holds true. i am a big believer in over-engineering things. if i am told i can get away with using a × ’s in a wall i am framing, i use × ’s. load bearing wall that i can use × ’s in? i use × ’s. subfloor going down where i can use / osb? i use plywood. aeronautical engineering has huge weight considerations, but you can beef up in other ways, as you said… my $. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								frank: good reply. i lived and breathed controls, power distribution systems for some years. also wired half a dozen houses over the early year when i was a laborer (we could do it for the owner). in my industrial work, there were a few time we ran into the need for a amp circuit breaker due to copier machines with gauge wire. we put in amp cb. getting a wire from the panel to the end user was a nightmare. so while not casually we did it. also keeping in mind, the copier machine startup pulse was over amps and sustained enough to trip the cb ( amp will only take amps continue so a amp is only good for continuous). ergo, the sustained draw was under . gauge wire will carry amps fine it gets into the code vs reality, and the code is extremely conservative (and that is a good thing). it not just the wire, its the connections and even the run (more than one staple has been put through a wire in a wood frame wall, ergo the pads on the stud if you drill the wall to run the wire. our client manager was a former electrician, we had many a battle over code (his violations of mechanical code were far more egregious than my electrical accommodation (grin) if you get inside a motor (like a home shop air compressor) look at the wiring size! yep, it goes down, or . same with phase motors, once you get into the cover, down goes the size. controls panels are the same, big wire to it and or gauge control wire. hmmm. they have total control of the panel, control xformer and the fuses though. we had many a control fuse blow in fan panels, compressor panels etc. you would go in and nothing wrong. ergo, i came up with a theory, i call it or gregs lff theory – greg’s theory of little flipping fuse theory is the polite version. . why did the fuse blow? circuit is fine, relays coils fine, xformers fine, replace, – month latter, blown fuse. a fuse is a thermal element. as you draw power through it, it heats up, power off of course it cools down. issue is that transformers and relays coils are like motors, bigger draw on power up and then they settle down to much lower steady current. so, the fuse element work hardens and breaks. but only below amps (i don’t think i had one under + amps do that) do you just keep replacing the fuse (we are talking / to amp) or do go up the size? ok, the circuit wire is more than capable of amps, why / . yep, its above the steady draw of the control circuit but put a peak reading amp meter on it and you see a pulse to + amps. so, my solution was to up the fuse size / or an amp and see if it held. the manager argues with me endlessly, but with hundreds of control panels and fuses blowing weekly in one of them????? some of them in panic level equipment ? aircraft design let alone safety is truly the poster child of tough. you can have both, but you can’t put mcas . in as a cheap solution without people paying the cost. so, you think it all through, you look for failure possibles, you try to prove its not a good idea. yes it takes work but that is what we are paid for. and i never got a bonus for it! 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					layman november , 				 			 			 								lots of work ahead to complete the hardware fixes in situ. or will the planes be transferred to update centres? i suspect that work will be carried out by boeing engineers? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								boeing is assisting airlines with traveling support teams, at the requested level, and of course doing their own stored aircraft. some airlines had started as soon as the proposed ad was released. they requested credit for previous work in the comments. the mandatory training will be the main bottleneck, due to limited numbers of max full fidelity simulators. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					dukeofurl november , 				 			 			 								isnt the lack of simulators a bit of a red herring? some mention southwests pilots would need the simulator time ‘before’ putting the max back into service. surely a plane like the max is based at a few airports and crew bases first. for the first months maybe only pilots need the sim time to fly say plus planes. theres a little loss in the flexibility of a single plane fleet but its not expected that would go on for years. i would start with say the phoenix or oakland crew bases only and expand from there 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								i posted an article on that down a bit in the blog entries. right now mosses lake in central washington is staring to process max. they did not say if they would fly them all there or get those sorted and then move onto the other sites. they are stored at renton, victorville (everett as well) they want to do it in a hangar. they also have to check for fod in the fuel tanks. if found it has to be cleaned out. not sure if they are even allowed to fly it if fod (i doubt it) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								they are allowed to fly ferry without all the mods, but that entails the return from storage check. they cannot fly the required cert flight without the mods, or return passenger service without the cert flight. for new aircraft they also require an faa cert inspection before flight & delivery. some of the airlines have their own simulators, so their pilots will have quick access. more are on order. there’s a list of them (and locations) on the faa web site. there were around at the beginning of the year, probably to now. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								mark: certainly a question, what to do. but they were not solving anything, they were just killing alarms one at a time. with that kind of damage there were hundreds if not thousands. but the situation itself was clear, an engine had blown up, they had no control of the outboard one (it ran out of fuel on the ramp after landing) as a pilot, i have always been interested in the response issues. in some cases its clear you work the problem, others, you get it on the ground. what they were into was analogues (my opinion) to a fire. all the facts on aircraft fires are, get it on the ground and get it on the ground now. if that means off runway, do it, its going to come down and you have some chance (and your passengers) if its controlled (sioux city) otherwise none (alaska airlines stab drive failure off sfo) everything i read about the a was get it on the ground and do it now, its only going to get worse and you have not a clue how fast its going bad. in fact, the pilots tried to make the auto pilot do the landing. computers are bad enough with known failures design there have been a number of times that an a or have done bizarre things that they do this day don’t know why. fortunately at altitude and no crashes. computers, weird stuff. so, with that many shorted and cut sensors going into he computers, you really do not know what might happen, they could simply flip the aircraft upside down and dive it in. this is not a dis on airbus. the industry and all the research said that kind of a failure could not occur. at least % of the shrapnel by analysis and experience should have gone into the air not the wing. it did, massive damage not just to one engine, loss of conr l of the outboard one and severing and shorting of sensors as well as massive structure. damage. you can only design to your assumption. this was way beyond that. the auto pilot kept disconnection and they kep t putting it back in. there in lies my issues. the pilots have been trained to be system managers first and foremost and not pilots. they trusted an auto pilot system over themselves (which fortunately rather doing something it should not have it said, no thank you, this is what you get paid for) the pilots finally took manual control feet (if the automation system had done something there was no room for recovery) but when you really have an emergency, the system is screwed up (be it a or max) and then you need a pilot. sullengerger is an example of a pilot first. first he had the co pilot fire up the apu. that gave him full aircar control and not just what is on the battery (degraded and seli controll, flyable but not as good). he also picked his best option and did not try to get back to the field. that is piloting and many forget it, they try to get back to the field and crash. my take is they had a committed meeting with all the a pilots aboard and like any committee, you talk too long. they should have simply put it down asap. incredibly fortunate to have not lost that bird. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					dukeofurl november , 				 			 			 								 ! https://www.cbsnews.com/news/qantas-crew-faced- -alarms-warning-of-failure/ as the plane had experienced check pilots in the cockpit as well as the pilots it normally carries, the captain concentrated on flying the plane while the rest dealt with the alarms 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								if anyone needed to know how boeing quality control is going https://www.chicagobusiness.com/manufacturing/boeing-stirs-pentagons-ire 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								not mentioned in the article, is that delivery of remanufactured apaches has increased this year, along with new apaches. the percentages sound horrible, but: : delivered, with mishaps : delivered, with mishaps : projected delivered with mishaps ( delivered through rd quarter) also the complaint was registered in june, there was a spike in mishaps as production increased in early , since has been resolved. mishap is defined as unexpected damage or flaw in manufacturing and delivery. many were contact damage while handling. workers not being careful, same as fod. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								ahh yes, we do it right because we do it twice. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								this is from the easa “we also pushed the aircraft to its limits during flight tests, assessed the behavior of the aircraft in failure scenarios, and could confirm that the aircraft is stable and has no tendency to pitch-up even without the mcas.” so why do we need mcas? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					mike bohnet november , 				 			 			 								tw, yeah, so easa confirmed what some of us have been sure of since before the max saga started. the max is stable and has no pitch-up tendencies (stable aircraft do not have pitch-up tendencies). mcas never had anything to do with changing the max from unstable to stable, or correcting any pitch-up tendencies. “so why do we need mcas?” if you still don’t get it after over years of discussions surrounding this topic, then you never will. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								mike, just let it go. i too wrote an explanatory response, but canceled it. bjorn went over this again just days ago, on friday, so i realized it was pointless to explain further. this claim will always be with us. you should take comfort in that pretty much everything you’ve posted here about the max, has been validated and vindicated, based on all the investigations, reports, and rulings. that’s an achievement even if not understood or recognized. at this point, it no longer requires defense. with a different group, that would be welcomed. for some here, the animus against boeing and the max are too strong for that to happen. but the truth of it is not lessened by that fact. i’m sure there are other readers here who understand and appreciate as well. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					mike bohnet november , 				 			 			 								rob, i didn’t let it go because it was tw. while there are regular commenters here that only want to take technical swipes at boeing for whatever reason (i think lots of it is the ever present undertone of airbus vs. boeing in this forum) but they lack the technical knowledge or understanding to do so, i don’t think tw is one of those people. yes, he takes regular swipes at boeing management and culture, and the regulatory agencies, but those swipes are not really technical in nature. most of his technical statements i see as reasonable and display a level of understanding, even if i don’t agree with them, or think they may contain errors (in my opinion). so, unlike some others here where i would not take the time to respond to their ridiculous technical statements, i chose to respond to tw because i was honestly surprised that his questioning of mcas need seemed to imply a misunderstanding of its purpose. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								mike: very fair statement. i am surprised in that supposedly, the faa saw characteristic in the flight tests that said a fix was needed. there has been a great deal of discussion how much pitch up that was and its alwyas been, it met the technical requirement for enough pitch up to have to do something about it. this is saying there was none. that is pretty amazing. as an aside. i have often run into that conflict of a tech spec causing more issues than it solves. some (like small fuses blowing) i could deal with and some ran up to management level decisions as to, how much do you want to pay, because while i can make this work, it is a violation that has a possible consequences. i always felt there had to be some pitch up (it showed hints on the modeling) but to have none? that is a surprise. ps: i hope you see the issue with hits at boeing management and the faa. if i had done my work like they did, i would have been in a soup line. somewhere above the worker/foreman level it crosses a line that manages and their screw ups are excused and covered up. i do list reasons. the faa hosed up the dc and it hosed up the rudder issue as well as lata air crash (boeing on the latter two as well). so its not new and you hope the layers of safety work though i am not surprised the faa failed as well, they have been doing so for a long time. ergo, faa needs reform because boeing never will. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					mike bohnet november , 				 			 			 								tw, i think lots of confusion results from people being careless with the term, “pitch-up”. i think even bjorn has done this. i know i have also, because it was easier to use the term others were using in my discussions than to go through the whole spiel of having to explain the terms every time i wanted to participate. if you will indulge me, i think now would be a good time to clarify what i think “pitch-up” means, especially in light of easa’s statement about the max having no tendency to “pitch-up”. i would guess most of us here can agree that the larger leap nacelles on the max cause additional lift ahead of the cg at high aoa’s before stall. since this lift is ahead of the cg, a positive (nose-up) pitching moment results. another way to label this is “nose-up torque”. this nose-up torque is not noticeable by an outside observer, i.e. it does not produce an instant change in aircraft pitch attitude that anyone, even the pilot, can see. the pilot can, however, notice the immediate change in the control column force caused by this nose-up torque. on the other hand, an outside observer along with the pilot can easily notice aircraft pitch-up. i take this to be the rate of change of the aircraft pitch angle in the nose-up direction, or in other words, nose-up angular velocity. to be sure, the nose-up torque will always eventually result in a nose-up angular velocity, or pitch-up. it won’t happen immediately, though, because the aircraft has considerable inertia (technically, moment of inertia) and it will take an amount of time before the pitch-up can build to a noticeable level. so, whether one considers the max to have a pitch-up tendency or not really comes down to the timescale over which the aircraft pitch changes. for a stable aircraft like the max, even if a nose-up torque appears quickly, the resulting pitch-up will only be tiny because it takes long enough to build that the pilot can easily provide corrective input well before the pitch-up becomes noticeable. i would say then that there is no pitch-up, even though technically a tiny amount builds up before the pilot corrects. this is not necessarily the case for an unstable aircraft. here a nose-up torque can cause pitch-up to build so quickly that the pilot might have difficulty correcting quickly enough to prevent loss of control. i think that the nose-up torque produced by the max engines at high aoa has been mistakenly called pitch-up in many articles both within and outside of this forum. the confusion this causes would make the easa statement seem surprising and out of place. i sincerely hope this helps and apologize in advance if this just adds to the confusion. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								good summary, mike. i’ve mentioned the inertia in the rotation of the max around cog before, but you did a better job of explaining it here. we also know the nacelle torque is proportionally small relative to the weight of the max, because the corrective mcas torque is also small. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					leon november , 				 			 			 								of course the max is pitching up!!! bjorn called it “nose happy”. if it were only about feel, lufthansa wouldn’t have a need to block the last seat row on its pax a neo with leap engines. also, if it would be only about feel it’s not needed to put the nose down and kill lives. after years mike still didn’t get it lol mike, are you a boeing employee? i still didn’t get an answer why boeing invented “landing with spoilers” only for the max. maybe mike can give us some foolish jedi mind tricking insight. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								leon, you were given an answer, you just didn’t accept it. the fly-by-wire spoiler system on the max created an opportunity for the special case of landing without elevator control. the spoilers can marginally emulate the elevator behavior in that case. the stabilizer can as well, but the spoilers are tied into the control column so more natural for the pilot on landing. your attack on mike is utterly unfounded, as all your attacks have been. mike called it correctly from the beginning, but you can’t accept that either. philip was one the commenters on the proposed ad. i read with interest the faa refutation of his claims in the final ad. i’m sure you did as well. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					mike bohnet november , 				 			 			 								rob, i could always use a bit of amusement for my downtime over the thanksgiving holiday. do you have a link to philip’s comment on the proposed ad? 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								it’s among the comments for the nprm and proposed ad. you’d have to search for it on the comment site. i don’t want to link directly to it, to maintain privacy. it was recognizable to me by the same arguments he made here. it’s possible there is another person with similar views, but i tend to doubt it. i’m sure you would recognize them on sight as well. then in the final ad with the faa response, only organizations were acknowledged by name, private individuals were not. so you have to read the comment first, then you can read through the responses in the final ad. it’s about pages so takes awhile, but an instructive read to understand how the faa reasons and makes rulings. reading that gave me confidence that they tried to answer every question, and give a fulsome response to the comments. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					leon november , 				 			 			 								bjorn wrote in his article days ago that the max has reduced stability and rob and mike didn’t question it. if it were only about feel, boeing would have thrown mcas out in march , calibrate the feel system new and do cert flights in april for rts in may . just months, but boeing needed months and lost billions on the way. sure it’s about reduced stability. if it were only about feel there would be no reason to hide data, but boeing is still hiding it. even to mention the faa, they are responsible for et . 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								reduced stability in the sense that less force is required on the column for the same pitch. a slope change in the pitch moment curve, as bjorn showed us (red vs green line). due to changes in aerodynamics, thus a compensating correction in aerodynamics is required to address it (mcas). in the absence of that correction, the pilot faces less force on the column at high pitch, but the max remains perfectly stable. hence easa reported this, as did the faa, to help lay to rest the notion that the max is unstable and unsafe. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								leon: this is so convoluted its now impossible to sort out (maybe the grand jury wil.) but, there is a complete separate of flight characteristics (pitch up if it exists) vs stability. mcas had nothing to do with stability (in fact a fbw commercial aircraft is unstable and barely flyable and almost imposisto to land without some computer ops) a original to the max can be flown by hand with computers all dead. so, like a cessna , its stable. the inanity is truly how mcas morphed from soling a miner or non existent pitch up to killing people. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								the term confuses people. see my attempt later to differentiate ‘pitch up’ from linearity of control force thus concern that a pilot might pull column back with a force he is accustomed to so over-control. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								isn’t there a use of spoilers during final approach, to keep nose wheels up? touching nose wheels first is not a good idea, iirc the airplane gets squirrely. i presume that use of spoilers is of flight ones, whereas ground ones are locked out until main gear compression. (they were on original s.) 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								and ‘leon’ ignores that there is a regulation regarding linearity of feel approaching the stall. integration is good. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								i’d have to reread what bjorn said, sounds like he was being colloquial – and i’d check context of that remark. (do beware in general that bjorn’s esl status sneaks through sometimes, he still mixes should and shall. here, should means recommended, shall means mandatory. (which could mean required for function, required by contract, or required by regulation.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					leon november , 				 			 			 								tw, the max- was flight tested. airbus did nothing for the a neo too. only a neo and a neo will get changes. it has to do with cg. who knows how boeing loaded the max for flight tests. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								leon: i do not claim to know how any given flight test was loaded. but, you have to load the plane at some point to its full aft and fore cg for the tests to be accepted. from what i have seen, initial flight tests are neutral cg and somewhat mid loaded. they then progress. you are aware that the a and the a have load placement that you have to adhere to to stay in cg? the max does not as best i am aware. boeing management is guilty of some awful things, lethal even, but the max is not unstable. i am no boeing apologist, but i won’t put out false information either. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					leon november , 				 			 			 								tw, i didn’t say the max is unstable, it did many flights before, but it has reduced stability which isn’t allowed by regulations. who knows how the max- was calibrated for flight testing, but one thing is proven, boeing is in the cheating business. there were deals made in the past between faa and easa. easa first agreed to no sim training in exchange for no boeing self-certs. by time faa knew that it can’t be certified without sim training. in the end easa and tcca had free choices of systems to be fixed. so there was still a deal in place between faa and easa/tcca. a deal for what? the max is not fbw. this reduced stability can’t be compensated by software without fbw!!! if i were norwegian i would do own max- flight tests and prove the reduced stabilty to show that faa/easa/tcca made a deal because of reduced stability. it can’t be that the seats a neo needs to have the last seat row blocked and the longer max- needs nothing with even higher mounted engines. there is a reason for mcas and it’s not feel. a neo has no pitch up problems too. boeing is still hiding when mcas gets active. the - % bjorn mentioned are fake news. why is there a need to hide this when it doesn’t pitch up. there was no need to ground the max for months if it were only about feel lol long ago boeing test pilots found the need for mcas but easa/tcca can’t find the reason? hahaha sure easa/tcca know the reason, they are not amateurs, they made a deal. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								sigh, you again mis-use terms. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								all aircraft require calculation of cofg before takeoff to ensure it is in approved range. (also helps set optimum trim for takeoff, as on the .) with some systems of calculating cofg before takeoff f/as have to ensure distribution of pax weight in cabin is reasonable as the simplified calculation method has assumptions. and likely recognize high weight of a feetsball team (canada and us definition). some airplane configurations are awkward to load because empty cofg is not in the centre of the approved range – - for example. lighter weight of wiring insulated with kevlar helped a bit. mixed cargo freight is a real challenge, pacific western used an alternative forward cofg limit on the - c that required use of f instead of f . worked ok into yrb which is feet of gravel, doubtful into ycn which iirc was feet of gravel. both at sea level and not hot environment, both were key supply centres in the high arctic. gosh, i should go through my leehamnews posts and write memoirs of airline and aviation design experience. 😉 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								isn’t there a regulation, that boeing first encountered with design? (boeing was able to meet the regulation with a few vortex generators on wings, instead of the triplex pushover computer they had prepared to use.) people get confused with terms like ‘no tendency to pitch up’ versus linearity of the pitch moment force with increasing aoa. i take ‘pitch up’ as meaning the airplane itself changes to a pitch up moment as aoa increases, as i understood t-tail airplanes were prone to (check what bjorn said about the dc- ). i understood that the concern behind the linearity regulation was that pilots might overcontrol in quick response to something so pitch the airplane up too far and go into stall, with its loss of altitude which is not good near the ground. (as they would use the force they expected to need.) note that, if i understand correctly, mcas is disabled for the rest of the flight after some failure modes. (a tc engineer even wanted it removed from the airplane design as not needed – he had more confidence in pilots than whoever wrote the regulation that mandated a ‘fix’ to the nonlinearity concern, that mcas is for on the max. beware that people sometimes ) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					steve november , 				 			 			 								complexity is the enemy of reliability. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								that is taken out of context. you only make it as complex as you need to. a commercial airline is a very very complex beast and its an incredibly difficult thing to design. that is why boeing does not do it, the just reuse the old stuff! yes i could have helped myself but did not want to. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								but some people tend to overdo. circa a good engineering supervisor organized a multi-model meeting to get a standard boeing approach to alerting if the crew went through an assigned altitude (a new regulation). twa’s engineers wanted a flashing red light. a test pilot gave the meeting perspective on piloting priorities, so boeing settled on an amber light and single chime. that pilot later was chief pilot of the development, iirc tom edmonds. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					chris art november , 				 			 			 								[edited] boeing management. they should have spent the money to raise the height of the plane and avoided the suboptimal placement of the engine. boeing needs to go bankrupt, get new management, and start over. [edited] just like their [edited] starliner and everything they have done for a while now. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								you are talking a new aircraft, and while i agree its two generation over due, to modify the to that degree is to build a new one. frankly i don’t know what would cause boeing to truly reform. they blew billion on the due to sim-management and the mantra was to blame the workers somehow (and are still hosing up the ). billion and counting on the max so it never will return the roi in any way shape or form and the bet goes on with miner shuffling. unfortunate, they have too much defense business to go belly up. i see no hope to change it. keep in mind though by moving to charleston, they are saving big big big bucks. note to boeing: i can save you multi tens of billions, its so easy i could do it. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								error, boeing’s management blamed outsourcing but the problem was failure to deal correctly with some contractors, perhaps exacerbated by what was in contracts and perhaps more cost-sharing than normal for boeing. there were very good contractors and sleazeballs, some were divisions of the same empire like smiths aerospace. unions rail against outsourcing, some claiming boeing historically did not which is [bleep] ignorance of history such as hal korry resigning close to the beginning in order to make parts such as cockpit indictors for boeing, and decades of integrating the best – such as using collins flight director but sperry gyros (not making either themselves, but evaluating and writing specs for contracts.) hard to guess what the situation would be if the us gummint had not broken united aircraft up. (boeing, pratt, and united airlines were in the same corporate empire. that cost a leader -= the mr. boeing sold out in disgust. fortunately boeing found a new boss who was fairly good.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					sph november , 				 			 			 								i am not going to go out of my way to avoid the max when i return to flying post-covid-vaccine, but i’m continually gobsmacked by two things: first the max architects’ failure to consider that it might be time to add a modern airspeed and aoa system with a rd sensor of different technology (differential pitot tree), an integrating computer, and a synthetic airspeed/aoa computation as a sanity check just as a general part of preparing the design for the next - years of service. it could have all been done transparently to the flight deck controls and if borrowed from the may not even have been all that expensive. and second the parties responsible for that risk analysis that apparently didn’t even consider what would happen if the aoa input started generating bad values, and therefore didn’t run it on the flight control hardware. human beings all suffer from tunnel vision syndrome but that is an extreme breakdown of the design and safety system. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								sph, to clarify they did consider aoa failures, at the lower value of mcas authority. they believed it did not pose a risk, as it would take several activations of mcas for it to reach that level, and also believed that pilots would intervene well before then. “one of the noted hazards was an un-commanded or automatic mcas activation that continued until the pilot took action. when developing this risk assessment, boeing tested unintended mcas activation in the simulator and assumed that commercial pilots would recognize the effect as a runaway stabilizer — a scenario which is covered in basic commercial pilot training — and react accordingly. ” additionally they did not simulate multiple activations of mcas, because again they believed pilots would intervene. the risk analysis was that it shouldn’t happen. that was the basis of the safety analysis that was approved by the faa, and it was valid at that point, as far as anyone knew then. the problem came later, when there was no safety analysis of the modifications to mcas, which increased authority and removed a safeguard. that is the process breakdown that occurred, as discussed here and elsewhere many times. and that was what opened up the vulnerability that manifested in the accidents. as far as the rd aoa, you can debate whether boeing should have gone above and beyond, but the faa said it’s not required under regulations and does not make the max unsafe. easa concurred with that finding. lastly it’s not clear that it would have made any difference in the accidents. the max did have a second aoa sensor, but it wasn’t deemed necessary for mcas for the reasons given above. a rd aoa would have been similar, unless the causal breakdown as noted above was corrected. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					joeg november , 				 			 			 								>a rd aoa would have been similar, unless the causal breakdown as noted above was corrected. i think you are leaving out something taken as given, that if there had been aoa sensors there would also have been a voting system to break ties. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								not left out, i said that the erroneous finding was that the additional sensor was not needed for mcas. unless that conclusion was changed, no difference n outcome. the max does not require a voting system, as it is not fbw. as the third aoa sensor is added, it will very likely not be in a voting capacity or algorithm. it’s more likely to be used as a reference, sanity check or fallback system. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					sph november , 				 			 			 								all health and safety codes i have worked with state on the first page – often in bold type – “this code provides minimum standards. this code is not a design guide”. a good design accomplishes the purpose – or balances as many of the purposes as possible to maximum effect – while also meeting the minimum standards of the code. while i do not agree with many posters here that the entire concept of the max was wrong [ ] there were clearly some bad architecture and engineering design decisions made in the execution of the project, and pointing lawyer-like to minimum code standards met by a hair doesn’t change that. [ ] two things always glossed over in those posts (a) the customers still liked the design tradeoffs over the a (b) many pilots who have flown both report that they find both aircraft acceptable but that each has its strong points and weak points depending on the mission, not that one is always and everywhere superior to the other 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								the purpose of the codes are to establish standards of safety. the purpose of the faa is to evaluate and determine if the standards are met and safe operation is possible. there is nothing lawyer-like about that. your contention is that boeing should have gone above and beyond the established code. that same claim can be made for any aspect of design. but note that the faa said that the addition of the third sensor would not contribute meaningfully or appreciably to safety. so that will be a factor in any design decision, and is also a factor in faa rulings. the reason for the faa conclusion is that the second sensor was already added, and the risks associated with mcas were mitigated by other measures. easa identified one scenario where the third sensor was necessary to enhance safety, that of aoa failure on precision autopilot approach to landing. the faa viewed this as any other example of autopilot failure & disconnect, with the pilot stepping in. easa viewed it as a case for which the autopilot need not disconnect, with a third sensor. the consensus was to follow the easa view, with the feature being added as it becomes available. it is not retroactive to the ng because it is an enhancement. it’s absence does not imply a lack of safety. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								sph: there was no risk analysis. i could have told you the single aoa was a lethal idea for that system. its like a group thing where they all sit around and wind up nodding their head yes. no captain, running the titanic at high speed in ice laden waters is only not a good idea and in fact is insane. they were not only not thinking, it was all based on cost cutting. the titanic actually was a pretty safe ship, much like the . operate it correctly and the bulkheads are not a problem. you can only conclude boeing management is either insane or corrupt and maybe both. this is neither rocket science or the first rodeo, there is a + years of experience behind aviation. it was deliberately ignore and continues to be. you can get off into the tech details but the reality is it was stupid to even propose an inanity like that and went downhill from there. a piss ant level controls tech like me could have and would have told them that. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								faa, jtar, ig, peter lemme all disagree with you. all have reviewed the risk analysis in detail, that you claim doesn’t exist, and reported their findings. the quote i gave is from the ig report. these are just more false statements from you. that’s why i advised mike to let it go. you can’t reason with non-facts. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								“faa, jtar, ig, peter lemme all disagree with you.” too many people just agreed for the bigger cause. that’s the big problem. including jatr (not jtar) is incorrect. they kept strictly to their task, but is clear in it’s friendly wording. pointing out the need for independency, integral approach, hf, that clear isn’t there. i’m afraid boeing & faa are cherry picking the jatr report a bit. other authorities won’t. https://www.aviationtoday.com/ / / /international-regulators-submit-joint-technical-review- -max-flight-controls-faa/ 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								are you and tw talking of risk analysis before the crashes – which did exist but were not kept up to date as system morphed and overall lacked sense in leadership, or after the modifications about to go into service – which are probably very thoroughly done and checked? 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					ted november , 				 			 			 								i wonder if there will be a revenue flight of the max in ? 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								a lot of far’s are written after an airplane accident. you can piratically connect certain far’s to certain accidents. they are there to avoid making the same mistake twice. with the numerous design failures causing the -max accidents, where are the new far’s to make sure the same design failures etc. don’t occur tomorrow, in another aircraft design, or even the new -max? especially in the computer control of major flight surfaces, and reliability risk analysis etc? has even one far been proposed because of the -max crashes? can similar design deficiencies, still be overlooked in future aircraft certification reviews? has anything really changed in the design, acceptance and review process? it still mystifies me, how so many glaring errors, easily seen in retrospect, were able to be missed in the original review process. of course, how many people even knew mcas existed when the first -maxes were being delivered? an entire software system, controlling a major control surface, and pilots didn’t even know it existed! is it still possible to implement a secret computer control system without pilots knowing about it? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								another way to view the absence of cfr’s is that the max is basically a very safe aircraft, without critical design flaws, but rather had flaws in implementation of a new system. that’s why the system is allowed to continue after the flaws were addressed. the law is being changed regarding some aspects of faa certification and oda. two bills before congress at present. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					leon november , 				 			 			 								richard, dickson is not a cert expert. dickson is a trump yes man. what do you expect? the us aviation system isn’t fixed. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								faa chief giving briefing after piloting boeing max test flight in person is highly unusual. why ? doesn’t he trust his own people? does he want to promote the aircraft? joining a test flight ok, but making a show of it doesn’t impress anyone in charge. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								having an faa chief who is a certified pilot and able to check the max for himself is unusual. having one who is willing to invest that degree of personal effort is unusual. having one with the personal integrity to pledge his commitment, and back up his promise, is unusual. all characteristics that are lacking in the critics here. as is so often true, nobody here has the skills or capabilities to do what dickson did, yet criticism flows like sewage, all downhill. dickson doesn’t feel the need to throw shade at others out of petulance over a result which makes him unhappy. he doesn’t post the same complaints, over and over and over again, for months at a time, and even after those complaints are proven to be unfounded. the press conference was necessary after a high visibility event. there was extensive coverage of his statements that he would make the flight, as well as events leading up to it. although you lack the courage to made a direct accusation here, your implication is that his purpose was to promote the max. in fact his purpose was to promote the thorough, open and transparent process he followed at faa in the recertification process. to show that he was personally committed to that process, and put himself on the line. and that the conclusions reached by the faa and other regulators, were not just words on paper, but a physical reality. as i mentioned before, among the tsunami of speculation and unfounded criticisms, was that the max was unsafe, this was being covered up, and nobody from boeing or faa management would actually fly on it. i read and heard that countless times, it was said many times to me as well. you go first. let them be the first to step up. so he did, he stepped up. dickson’s actions were a refutation of those claims, and many others that were similarly without basis. the irony here is that dickson is criticized because he has personal integrity, not because he lacks it. the argument seeks to twist a good-faith selfless action to demonstrate truth, into a selfish act of deception and conspiracy. that’s more than a little bit sick. but representative of those who cannot accept the outcome, which is that the max is safe as it returns to service. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					ted november , 				 			 			 								i agree rob. his resume of being a pilot and flying the aircraft is a vote of confidence. more than anything, i saw it as a signal that he takes ultimate responsibility for signing off on safety 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								thank you, ted. it means a lot to me, for at least one other person here to recognize that, and state it openly. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								then as we are now categorizing the levels based on being a pilot, then my assessment takes a higher credibility over anyone that is not a pilot? while not a atp, i was a commercial pilot, instrument rated (not required back then) sel. i was top of the ratings by instructors in unusual attitudes and instrument flying (not just one class, hundreds of students by several very good instructors). based on that, my initial thoughts (and presented on leeham) was that the pilots while not responsible, should have been able to pull it out. another (how do you quantify bjorn and his skill set) felt otherwise and has stated it explicitly that the pilot were overwhelmed. clearly one of the people you need to use as a bench mark is sullenberger – and he feels the same as bjorn. that in turn means a couple of possible things. . most pilots would have been overwhelmed by the situation (and having tried to kill myself once i can concur with that) . a few pilots might have pulled it out. reality is we don’t know, but the reality is to that we have to design to the least capable pilots flying in any combo vs the best (in flight test or otherwise) dickson has an axe to grind as the head of the faa. i judge him on other aspects and his disagreement with the faa and its need to be reformed is at the top. that does not mean he is wrong on the max being safe now. it does mean i question any decision he makes as an faa administrator not a pilot. he will never be that pilot. i am finding disagreement withing pilots as to how hard it is to get to the stick shaker cb. as the was designed as a two man cockpit, the cb should be accessible. the flip is, at some cost (too bad) you can add a couple of switches where they are easily accessible. as a pilot i did not have to deal with multitude of cockpit alarms. as a technician i did and i can testify the first thing you want to do is eliminate all the noise as it interfere with your thinking (i would put a stick shaker into that). one its is a distraction but two its sending continue different data to you, your training says you are stalled and you are trying to sort it out and shift to the data sets that say not but it keeps yelling at you. you don’t want something like that mental fight when you have problems enough. my flight instituctor asked me how i felt after the fist solo, was i nervous. no, i was just glad to get you out of the airplane. i knew i could fly it. no i know i am not pretty on nice landings, but i could fly it and it was really nice not having you there as a distraction. we went onto having gobs of fun with unusual attitudes and instruments . the icing on the cake was one horrible windy rainy day that no one was flying in and he asked if i want to do touch and gos. sure. one of those days, my less than pretty landing skills came to the fore (some days are like that) and while not unsafe they were a bit on the ugly side. so i threw out the weather as an excuse (pilots do have ego). he asked me, you want me to do it! yea, go right ahead. so he did, very nice landing. held up has hands and said, golden hands! yes, you are the man, i am parking it, i sure am not. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								while a good flight deck, some things are a reach for panic situations – standby hydraulic pump on the original s for example (crew of pw needed to turn it on to power t/rs when one came open during go-around in cranbrook bc in february ). (that accident exposed a small window of time in which a t/r would not be latched yet throttle could be advanced – and t/r hydraulic power removed when going airborne in a go-around. the distance from latched was small but scrub of airflow at takeoff speeds was enough to pull it more open.) fixes have to be completely thought out, somehow boeing did not do that with the t/r restow feature on the , that was motivated by the pw tragedy in cranbrook, so a lauda air came out of the air. (investigation of that exemplified that simulators are not always faithful, boeing’s did not properly reflect actual performance with a t/r deployed.) 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					mike bohnet november , 				 			 			 								rob, well said! i couldn’t agree more! he said he would not sign off on the max until he had personally flown the aircraft and that was exactly the order of events. talk is cheap, especially around here where some insist on living in the childish airbus vs. boeing, or europe vs. usa mentality and because of this try, like you said, to twist an act of integrity into one of deception/conspiracy. it’s indeed sick. dickson backed up his words with action. he should be praised for it, not jeered. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								thanks mike. i agree that much of the foreign commentary here is driven by an inferiority complex with regard to boeing and the us. nothing else really explains the level of vitriol. that baffles me quite a bit, as i see no reason for it to exist, the playing field is actually pretty level. that’s why we don’t have a need to similarly criticize airbus or the eu. if patrick ky similarly decided to pilot an airbus, for whatever reason, i would commend him. there’d be no rational reason to do otherwise. but rationality is not the order of the day in much of the criticism that is posted here. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								another rob-ism: as to who has the most sales? aircraft being made? modern? airbus has it hands down. all boeing has is us corporate law or lack there of that allows (acualy encourages) stupidly and incompetence in management and lets any brain dead ding dong run a huge company into the ground. i never thought i would say it, but i am jealous of what europe has in airbus. perfect no. but very good yes. boeing is a poster child of how not to do things. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					jakdak november , 				 			 			 								rob, i agree. it’s a good thing having a pilot in charge of the faa. i think it should actually be a requirement. charles bolden was an astronaut, jim bridenstine was a navy pilot, i do wonder who biden will pick to lead nasa ? the best way to lead, is by example. don’t expect others to do what you won’t do yourself. as you know in the software world, we have the “eating your own dog food” concept. perhaps boeing should only use bbj aircraft, and all company officials should only travel (as far as practicable) on boeing aircraft ? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								nothing wrong with those ‘data driven’ types leading faa, as a boeing vp flight ops referred to engineers like me. 😉 perhaps having the opposite as second in command. as for using your own product, microsoft had a practice of releasing early beta or such versions of office to its own administrative staff to get feedback. but i understand they stopped doing that, perhaps thus not surprising that windows and office have differences from windows and office that make no sense, and cutesy clutter. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								covd: this is where you have to carefully watch what is going on. https://www.politico.eu/article/questions-grow-over-astrazeneca-coronavirus-vax-trials/ there are some sub plots to this. on the surface it looks like a mistake of half a dose may work better once the second dose is done. but its also sloppy testing and jumping the gun. so you watch carefully to see what the analysis is (and i will be the first to say i am no where close to having the background for that analysis, i rely on synopsis from a good communicator (dr fauchi would be one but not the only one. and one group doing it less than gold standard does not negate others who do. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								more research is needed and will be conducted, but it may be a fortuitous error, as occurs fairly often in science. this was only the first interim result. the accidental half-dose arm will now be expanded in the trials. the initial half dose may reduce the natural immunity to the vaccine that builds up before the second dose, making it more efficacious. this is a difference from the mrna vaccines where there is no risk of immunity to the vaccine. the earlier-stage trials do have variations in dosages built-in, to ascertain the most efficacious dose. this particular combination was not included in those trials. key aspect is that astrazeneca admitted all of this openly and have published their complete results in the lancet. so no subplot or conspiracy. just science progressing as it should. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					gerrard white november , 				 			 			 								@tw you are right – looks like their mistakes were multiple and they tried a half hearted cover up until commentors picked their results apart news is they are now repeating trials they have lost a lot of credibility https://www.wired.com/story/the-astrazeneca-covid-vaccine-data-isnt-up-to-snuff/ https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/ / / /oxford-az-vaccine-efficacy-data how about mandatory health passports – will this fly? https://www.iata.org/en/publications/travel-pass/ meanwhile china and russia are looking to make many friends with their cheap and cheerful https://www.sciencemag.org/news/ / /global-push-covid- -vaccines-china-aims-win-friends-and-cut-deals 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								if the data prove out in the expanded trial, the mistake will be a significant benefit. it’s too early to tell yet but it was a good and positive development. it very well could result in a better vaccine. some observers have jumped all over them in the mistaken notion that the results they announced were intended to be final. but they were clear that this was first interim, also that the numbers in the half-dose arm were insufficient and not representative. that’s why they are expanding the trial. so no coverup at all, despite the multiple comments above. others could not “pick the data apart” unless it was fully published, which it was, voluntarily. so that too is disinformation. the data are what they are, nothing hidden or concealed. ironic that the same observers who claim the vaccine process is rushed, themselves rush to jump to conclusions, in order to to discredit. if you are looking for a conspiracy, i guess you find one. fortunately calmer heads will prevail, they will get improved data and have a fair hearing before the fda and mhra. there is already a rolling review started, which will allow the mhra full access to the trial data in real time, as soon as the results are unblinded. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					gerrard white november , 				 			 			 								@rob the pitfalls of the pr are not conducive to efficacity nor effectiveness here’s moncef slaoui on the need for more and better data from astrazeneca before enough evidence is in, and on the vital problem of uptake he is hopeful only « whether large portions of the population will accept covid- vaccines is clearly a matter of concern, both for azar and operation warp speed co-leader moncef slaoui. “hopefully the majority of the u.s. will stay with an open mind in terms of accepting” vaccination, slaoui said during the press conference. “listen to all the data that will be shared transparently through the fda reviews,” he urged. slaoui’s remarks came just days after trial data from a third vaccine candidate from astrazeneca raised questions about efficacy. the company said that one of the dosing regimens was only % effective—a result that paled in comparison to the % efficacy bar set by pfizer and moderna. slaoui said astrazeneca’s u.s. trial could generate more in-depth data soon, given the fact that the pandemic is raging again and “progressing so fast that it is very likely that not long from now…we may have enough evidence to assess the efficacy of the vaccine,” he said. » https://www.fiercepharma.com/pharma/feds-covid- -mrna-vaccine-distribution-pfizer-s-dry-runs-predict-a-very-do-able-process jumping the gun with over hasty, confused and confusing pr has done az no good all this bodes ill for iata’s mandatory vaccine passport scheme – another over hasty proposal with no administrative bones; it looks like they wish for governments and international health orgs to leave operation of the scheme to the airlines, on the grounds that objections to mandatory will be lesser in the case of private companies this is to forget that so far gvmt control of covid measures has been universal, and that many airlines are under gvmt control, and or beholden to gvmts for bail outs with many strings and conditions attached which render them less than autonomous and less than likely to wish to take responsibility for an operation outside their mandate – that is apart from the antipodes (population equivalent of mumbai) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								gerrard, the point i made was that astrazeneca very pointedly did not jump the gun. they released the results at the time prescribed in their trial protocol, just like the others. you must know that, the trial protocols are published in advance of the trials. jumping the gun is your phrase and your conclusion. and ironically, you are jumping the gun in making them. there is a lot more data and analysis coming yet, unless people try to condemn them in advance, in order to undermine public confidence. i don’t know if their vaccine will be considered successful, but i do know they deserve to be able to complete their trials, and have it evaluated fairly. surely you agree? 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					gerrard white november , 				 			 			 								@ rob no one agrees with news via corporate press release – az jumped the gun pr ing very inconclusive confusing and seriously un definitive ‘results’ – they’d have been better advised to keep their mouth shut and wait until they had something better to offer in this case az were overhasty, tried to happy face their results, and have provoked a backlash : this is foolish and un necessary the half dose given by mistake in trial is a good example of less than exemplary efficiency their case is similar to the iata proposal for vaccine health passports it is a rushed attempt to divert attention with an app and the private initiative of a very few airlines from the lack of any worldwide gvmtal or health org proposal and from the exceptional difficulties of putting the plan into practice let alone operating it the airlines are not going to, and are not able to take responsibility for any vaccine related problems various gvmts operate vaccine waivers for the pharma, for airlines as well? it is remarkable that between them all, iata icao who and every gvmt in the world, they can only come up with this given how badly managed/well disliked many airlines are – the public is going to trust them with a vaccine? most likely not leeham has run a series of articles on the technical efficiency of ventilation systems in planes, boeing’s blue light and so on yet all this is as nothing if a solution/solutions are not found for administrative international collaboration on tests borders quarantines and vaccines so far nothing much : they’ve had months to think about this, yet….. ?menos que nada ? 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								gerrard, i’ll drop this as scott has asked us repeatedly not to fight about it. i’ll just predict that astrazeneca will continue their phase trials, report their results, and be evaluated sanely, by people who are interested in the truth. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					gerrard white november , 				 			 			 								@rob one must not lose sight of the more important point – i have often raised this : there will be, probably, many vaccines produced and used : but for safe & universal global airtravel there has to be put in place only one system of internationally agreed standards, procedures and administration for pax testing and perhaps vaccination indeed this system must, so it appears, be put in place in order to allow the global distribution of vaccines, via the use of pax as well as cargo planes, and the overcoming of the current patchwork of differing national standards quarantines border control régimes this is a subject to which we may pay attention : else it appears that a vaccine cold war may impose blocs, russia china, asia africa, lat am, then us/eu – a jigsaw puzzle which will stifle not encourage airtravel 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					scott hamilton november , 				 			 			 								gerrard, rob: covid is not part of this post. drop it, or i will close comments for everybody. hamilton 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					gerrard white november , 				 			 			 								@scott hamilton i agree : vaccines will be common essential is the ways and means to ‘re certify’ airtravel, especially international here covid forms a hard background, but what is complex and worth discussion is the operational detail of administrative regulation, with airport and airline and oems 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								the was originally designed and built in the ’s. over a half century ago. the engine thrust and takeoff weight is now twice that of the original . the current glass cockpit looks and operates much differently than the original steam gauge cockpit. there are now complex flight control computers in the new -max’s that weren’t even conceived of in . the wing design has been modified to add winglets (shark fins) to the tips of the main wings. the amended type certificate now prints out at almost pages in length. ================================= the boeing type certificate http://www.b .org.uk/a we.pdf ================================= the boeing -specs (thrust / weight through the years) https://modernairliners.com/boeing- /boeing- -specifications/ ========================================= when do you stop “grandfathering” the design, and call for a completely new type certification? a completely new design review top to bottom? according to the faa section . “section . requires an applicant to apply for a new tc for a changed product if the faa finds that the change in design, power, thrust, or weight is so extensive that a substantially complete investigation of compliance with the applicable regulations is required. ” ================================= https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/advisory_circular/ac_ . - b.pdf =============================== i say that the design amendments have been stretched past the point of requiring an entirely new type certificate. over years of grandfathering former rules, with the doubling of thrust and weight along with a new wing and tail design requires an entirely brand new type certification. why has the faa let these extensive changes to the original design go on and on by just amendments to the original ’s type certificate, of years ago? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								“grandfathering” has been beaten to dust here, but in fact was not a factor in the max certification. the family has undergone type amendments thus far. the a x-a x family has undergone type amendments thus far, over several more models. those models have undergone similar changes in thrust and weight, often using the same engines as the . for each type amendment category (cfr section), the aircraft must be shown to be compliant with the regulations in force at the time of the initial type certificate award. for the max, that was . exceptions can be requested but they must be approved individually by the regulator. all of this is listed in the type certification document. further all this has been done according to the rules, which were reviewed and found to be a correct and appropriate application. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								rob-ism: no, this is not grandfathered, it is just in certification for the standards at the time. bring on the wright brothers! earth to rob: you just listed the definition of grandfathered. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								the faa killed it years ago after the same trouble certifying the ng. https://www.flightglobal.com/faa-rules-kill-grandfather-rights-in-usa-and-europe-/ .article but then, after the certification / financial drama and neo launch, boeing had to be saved. congress put boeing at the helm of their aircraft certificatio ( faa reform act, re-authorization, streamlining doa). imo the max could be certified using product change rules. but they should e.g. have finally added eicas, meeting post requirements. the x is more dramatic. new wings, engines, fuselage, tail, landing gear, cockpit, systems. a new aircraft certified as w variant.. opposite of what jatr recommends. now it’s delayed for years.. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								at best you exaggerate, veering into politics. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								i think he is spot on if not eloquently put. boeing management has used its power in congress to corrupt the faa (which was not that good to start with) remember the battery self certify by boeing? i don’t know how the x will play out. clearly they had a major failure in the fuselage blow out. like the , it can be all fixed. its vastly better (and amazingly) lower cost to do it right in the first place. but as a famous former worker put it. we do it right because we do it twice! what i find amazing is that people say the faa is now corrupted. they alwyas were corrupted , not sure why it took this long to see that. the current faa is just more so. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								“boeing management has used its power in congress to corrupt the faa” we will continue to disagree on that, the system is one of delegation of much work, with faa writing advisories and regulations and overseeing the process. i gather that a substantial part of the max mcas problem was faa understaffed and with too many newbies. people do retire, many of them early when congress bleeps around with funding. some retirees become ders, such as mike dewalt who was an nrs for software, and greg dunn who was an ae in saco – sharp, engaged in dialogue, evaluated people, and held the line when he judged necessary. faa people sometimes go out of their way to advance aviation, one of the atc datalink people peter lemme recently chronicled came up with the idea of repeating the altitude clearance in different terms, to catch errors. (use both numbers and words, probablility of both being corrupted the same is very remote. subject was called cpdlc, sometimes under the fans catchall. very useful to reduce spacing in oceanic/remote where there is not skin-paint radar.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								gerrard white: you go on about vaccines even when told not to. certainly standard regulations are very important to international commerce in airplanes, that’s what the four competent experienced ones are trying to do mostly with modifications to the max. following the lead of craig [brain fade] of faa and gerry marsters of tc circa , which led to much better cooperation with european regulators as well. instead of the fighting by tc with faa that followed the loss of a dc- in central canada. but standard airline operating procedures for health are off-topic thus wasting bandwidth on a subject many are having difficulty understanding. as are political debates, much as i am eager to educate tw and others on. :-o) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								craig beard was an faa executive, chief of airworthiness at least, as was gerry in tc. (gerry came out of national research council and did well in leadership role.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					geir a november , 				 			 			 								tw, with reference to your comment some place above, “in fact a fbw commercial aircraft is unstable and barely flyable and almost impossible to land without some computer ops”. could we once and for all make it clear: no, no and no. no commercial jet, whether it has fly by wire or old fashioned steel wires, are unstable!!! when an airbus has lost a number of systems and are down to direct law, there is a direct relation between sidestick movements and the control surfaces (it switches to this mode in the flare also btw). no stability or augmention, no protections, but the aircraft is perfectly flyable – as a with sidestick instead of a yoke. i know, i just checked out on this thing, and half of the simulator training was flown in alternate or direct law… fbw fighters, like the f- (and some helicopters maybe), are unstable, yes, and require functional flight control computers to control, but no civilian airliner would ever be certificated if they were aerodynamically unstable. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								geir a: i was using unstable overly loosely. if you would look at the details, you will find that i said hard to control in level flight in direct and almost impossible to land. what you are missing is the difference in degraded control law and system vs all computers going off line. ref is su flight. after the lighting strike it was in direct. per bjorn, that is extremely difficult to fly. its almost impossible to land in it. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								helos are a very different beast, ‘nervous wings’ i call them from working with them. i never observed autopilot function during my test fight direction and observing of a few types, my focus was elsewhere. i did work with a pilot who had an as super puma try to kill him. on liftoff the machine immediately banked to a new heading, rotor blades hit ground, didn’t penetrate cockpit much. (they tend to wrap around the nose.) cause was some electrical-hydro-mechanical piece that failed so did not properly disengage an autopilot/stability system, helo had been turned around after shutdown. (same pilot had the nasty experience of a different type catching fire after landing, i don’t know what cause was, ambulance configuration so had much oxygen on board.) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								but some ds in okanagan/canadian helicopters refused to accept that there were sensitivities of helicopters not in fixed-wing aircraft. (like rotors, which are not fail-safe. and vice-versa, helos not being pressurized for example.) and they pulled the scam of under-estimating cost of modifications to increase chances of management approval, then pushed to rush and cheap. result was modifications that were less saleable to others because they were clunky and more costly to implement than they could have been. both categories of [fools] were often licensed ames who were supposed to know bleeping well that rotor systems were critical. as for sales people, i estimate that a large potential customer for air ambulances did not sign up despite half of the cost being paid by resource companies to extract injured workers. decades later it did with a different operator, using essentially the same configuration as i led getting an stc for. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								many people need to read figure of bjorn’s https://leehamnews.com/ / / /bjorns-corner- -max-ungrounding-the-technical-background/#more- . noting it shows what bjorn calls ‘reduced stability’, but still a _down_ pitching moment approaching stall. and noting it shows what i called non linearity of force required to raise the nose, specifically less force nearing stall aoa, which is the target of the regulation that people are ignoring. and perhaps of some interest also note the detail, that change of force with increasing aoa force actually levels off in stall conditions, compared to the ng. caveat: bjorn’s figure may or may not be completely accurate but illustrates the concern. comment: i question the need for mcas or other protection given the small amount of change, as a tc engineer did, but it is a regulation and has been since before the was developed circa . 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								interesting comment about a small airplane: “with full flaps out, we had a considerable amount of power in to arrest the sink, and taking that out gave us an easy stall break, positive, but straight ahead. a lot of high-lift airplanes today sort of mush along in a semi-stalled condition, lulling the pilot into thinking all is fine, while in fact they are sinking toward the ground at an alarming rate. the break in the bearhawk gives you a good warning that yes indeed, it is time to relax the back pressure. add a little power, relax the pull and fly right out of it.” from https://www.avweb.com/features/bearhawk- -big-brawny-homebuilt-hauler/?mailingid= . the bearhawk is a high wing configuration like c / and murphy moose. has high lift wing to go into short air strips. airplanes are like restaurants i say, everyone wants to have their own design. many good chefs perhaps but not many good business people (visit arlington wa airport for remnants of companies). 				 					reply				 							 		 	 		 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked 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				 	 				 leeham news and analysis 	hotr: narrowbody delivery recovery in december , 	boeing, speea and union reamalgamation december , 	pontifications: lessons of the titans: book review december , 	bjorn’s corner: the challenges of hydrogen. part . hydrogen airliner program december , 	the and a , part : operational economics comparison december , 	 				 			 			 			 			 			 	 				 				 		 					 	bjorn’s corner: max ungrounding, anac’s and easa’s decisions download 	 	by bjorn fehrm november , , ©. leeham news: after the lifting on the grounding order by the faa, anac (brazils regulator) followed in the week, and easa issued its plans for public comment. what are the differences in the ungrounding conditions, and what are the reasons for any differences? figure . circuit breaker placement for the ng and max. source: leeham co. and flightdeck .be   anac’s ungrounding conditions anac, brazil’s regulator, which has the competence to certify airliners through decades of work with embraer, lifted its grounding order for the max wednesday. anac based it on faa’s conditions with no changes, but in comments around its lifting on the grounding, it refers to ongoing work on further improvements to the max. the one brasilian airline that operates the max, gol, can immediately update its maxs and retrain its crews. one can only speculate what anac means with the “further improvements,” but these likely include the third synthetic aoa sensor that easa wants and some further clean-up of the warnings in the cockpit. i write “ cockpit” and not max cockpit as a large factor in operating the max is its use with a ng fleet. in such a case, the airline and the certification authorities want to minimize any differences in the types’ behaviors. easa’s plans easa, the eu regulator, tuesday issued a “notification of a proposal to issue an airworthiness directive.” this is its candidate for the un-grounding airworthiness directive (ad), published for public comment. the comment time ends nd of december, then the comments shall be reviewed by easa. we can expect the ad by mid-january. the ad proposal is based on the faa ungrounding directive, but it adds a couple of conditions and restrictions. the simplest condition is the requirement for the top part of the stick shaker system’s circuit breakers to change from black to red color. it’s to make them easier to identify should a crew decide to silence an erroneous stick shaker. the circuit breakers in the are placed on the back wall of the cockpit, figure . pulling the breaker requires a crew member to un-buckle and at least lean over to pull the circuit breaker (the captain’s stick shaker breaker is behind the first officer and vice versa). is this safe or not? well, the crew is allowed to stand up and go to the wc, so leaning over or standing up to pull a circuit breaker should be no different. a decision to pull the breaker will only be taken in a situation of full control of the aircraft. it’s difficult to identify the correct circuit breakers (and pulling the wrong one is not good) so making the stick shaker caps red help. faa says there is no need to silence a rough stick shaker while easa (and transport canada we presume) says it improves the recognition of the other side stick shaker should the aircraft run into a real high aoa situation. as there is no urgency to silence the asymmetric rotating counterweight attached to the yoke column, pulling the breaker for an erroneous stick shaker should be ok. the other condition has its root in the disconnection of speed trim, mcas, autopilot, and flight directors should the two angle of attack systems disagree. easa will temporarily revoke the max certification for required navigation performance – authorization required (rnp ar) approaches. such approaches are demanding as they are often curved approaches in valleys to difficult to access airports. look at this famous queenstown, new zeeland rnp-ar approach, and you see what i mean. imagine sticking your nose down there when it’s all covered in clouds. should the aoa monitor trip, speed trim, mcas, and more importantly, autopilot and flight directors disconnect, it puts a crew in a very tight spot as the difficulty of such approaches are high (they require special crew training and certification). you need all the tools you have in such approaches and don’t want a sudden disconnect of the autopilot and flight directors combined with speed trim warning, followed by aoa, ias and alt disagree. the revoke of the rpn ar approach certification is temporary. one can guess it will be allowed again once a synthetic third aoa sensor is introduced to the max. it creates a voting “two versus one” situation when one of the sensors presents suspicious values. it would then result in an aoa disagree warning, but the autopilot and flight directors would stay on and ias and alt would still get the required aoa corrections. the aoa disagree is then an indication for required maintenance rather than a major system hiccup. the easa decision makes sense, and one would wonder what the situation in the faa jurisdiction is? are there no operators that fly the demanding rnp ar approaches? or has the faa another view on what is ok? the restriction makes easa’s argument for a third sensor understandable. for regular operations, the two aoa sensor solution is ok, but something better is required for demanding operations. the revoking of the rpn-ar certification is the way for easa to allow the max back to service with two sensors while boeing gets time to do the software changes to create a third, synthetic sensor. this then enables more advanced approaches. is the non-allowance of rnp ar approaches a significant restriction for eu operators? to my knowledge, no. rnp ar approaches are rare as they require specially equipped aircraft and require the airlines and their pilots to be specifically trained and certified for shooting this type of procedure. they are the last resort when nature prohibits standard approaches like ils or in the future gls (gps approach similar to ils cat ii and iii, with local correction of the gps signals). pilot training both anac and easa require training along the lines of the faa. easa point’s out training preparations can start now, no need to wait for the ad to come into effect after the comment period. the simulator requirement will occupy the max simulators that are spread over the world. easa warns that it will take time for all pilots to complete the max syllabus. share this: 	print 	email 	twitter 	pinterest 	whatsapp 	linkedin 	tumblr 	facebook 	reddit 	 	related 	  category: bjorn's corner, boeing, boeing max, et , ethiopian airlines, jt , lion air 	  tags: max, boeing, et , ethiopian airlines, jt , lion air, mcas 	← enhancing the dreamliner, part : wrap up 	 will be key year for boeing in washington → 	 	 	 			 			 comments on “bjorn’s corner: max ungrounding, anac’s and easa’s decisions”		 		 			 	 		 			 				 					d c smith november , 				 			 			 								rnp ar in europe? i guess madeira will require it, and maybe innsbruck. saint-tropez-la mole is also on the sporting side, but i doubt if it can handle a . 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					geir a november , 				 			 			 								we have plenty of rnp approaches in norway and sweden, and use them frequently – with b ng and a neo. and new rnp approaches are appearing all the time throughout the rest of europe. at some of the airports, rnp has given us approaches to runways where we previously had none, or just high cloud breaking procedures, because of the terrrain, and at others we save huge amounts of time and fuel since they have been able to create them much tighter than the conventional procedures. coming in to oslo from the opposite direction of runway in use, we can save almost minutes when we are lucky enough to be cleared for the rnp approach, instead of the long full ils procedure. revoking rnp sertification temporarily isn’t a huge problem, but it is certainly a disadvantage for those who will fly the max in scandinavia (which is not the case for my airline though). 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					jbeeko november , 				 			 			 								calvi on corsica perhaps? this is the circling approach by day. can you imagine flying it with no visibility and hearing the terrain warning coming on. https://youtu.be/dt fznoo f 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keesje november , 				 			 			 								i imagine flights crews struggling to keep the aircraft in the air, while an incorrect stick rumbler futher confuses the situation, steered by the aging alerts system and absence of eicas. “pulling the breaker requires a crew member to un-buckle and at least lean over to pull the circuit breaker (the captain’s stick shaker breaker is behind the first officer and vice versa). is this safe or not? well, the crew is allowed to stand up and go to the wc, so leaning over or standing up to pull a circuit breaker should be no different. a decision to pull the breaker will only be taken in a situation of full control of the aircraft” we are not discussing a situation of a crew member going to the toilet. would you locate those circuitbreakers there in a new cockpit design? i spot tendency to put a lot of energy in explaining why systems are good enough, using old requirements. not creating the safest systems. pitty. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								a few clarifications in the comment above: . for aoa failure, the stick shaker is active on one control side only. the other side, along with the reference instruments, remain fully operational, without alarm or shaker. this is why the unreliable airspeed checklist calls for using the other control side, once determined it is valid by visual or reference comparison. . faa policy is not to use the circuit breakers either as primary means of control, or to disable important warning systems. so boeing will come up with another solution for this. it will likely require the shaker to be active for a certain period before shutoff, and will also reset on landing. . in the accident flights, this feature may not have mattered until after the runaway checklist was completed, with stabilizer turned off. at that point the crew could turn their attention to the still-active shaker. it would have helped jt where the flight continued to the destination with continuous shaker all the way. . most commercial aircraft have circuit breaker panels on the rear wall of the cockpit. since this has never been an issue in o years of service, it’s not surprising the shaker breaker would be located there. hardly an issue of poor design. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					uwe november , 				 			 			 								“hardly an issue of poor design.” it is the same all over. aoa that have no direct “durchgriff” to plane control in a unconnected brain lobes arrangement were ok. this concept was broken and that has repercussions: what formerly was ok is no longer ok. this is nothing you can fix with debate club proficiency. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					claes november , 				 			 			 								i think alsaka uses a number of rnp approaches and it is popular for green approaches/landings where the aircraft can follow a curved approach minimizing noice in densly populated areas around airports. the a and the g / as well as global have new technology force feedback sticks that in theory could drive the yoke to emulate the ng 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								alaska was acualy the place that got ads going though it was called capstone back then and out western alaska where no nav aids. alaska airlines saw it and wanted it for south east ak as its bad weather a lot down there and the juneau approach is the worst. (alaska airlines lost a down there when they got lost on that approach) . you come in, have to make a turn just before final as there is mountains close on one side, more on the other the side of the channel. alaska airlines does fly to western alaska, the approaches are not mountainous. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					jakdak november , 				 			 			 								@bjorn, you indicate that the easa requirement for a third aoa sensor will create a “voting ‘two versus one’ situation”, do you think boeing will achieve this via software integration (feed to adiru), or will it merely be that the third aoa sensor is added to the reference instruments, and a decision will be made by the pilots in the event of aoa mismatch. has easa specified that the third aoa must be integrated ? if the pilots are required to make a manual decision on aoa mismatch, in your opinion would that be good enough for rnp-ar approaches where the pilots have a necessarily high workload ? while adding a version of eicas may be a very sensible thing to do, i completely understand why boeing don’t want to spend time/money on further changes to the max, or open the door to retro-fitting anything to the ng series. i just hope it isn’t something that they come to regret in time. variants of the will still be flying in the next to years. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								i was wondering this too, i have heard nothing from boeing or faa that indicates a voting system would be used or preferable. given the boeing aoa disagree alarm and control philosophy, it might make more sense as a fallback in the event of that alarm. especially if synthetic. but bjorn may have more information. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								about eicas, the max has the ei but not the cas. boeing has said the max doesn’t have the sensors or the wiring to support cas. according to boeing, it isn’t a retrofit solution, it really needs to be introduced with a new aircraft. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					jakdak november , 				 			 			 								i know it wouldn’t be cheap, or easy, but they have eicas on the as possibly the closest match in terms of aircraft with eicas. to be honest it could have been added to the ng, the flew quite a while before the ng. i thought that mike carriker suggested putting eicas on the max saying “it was necessary for the to be a modern airplane.” i can also see why boeing decided not to. having watched the queenstown, new zealand rnp-ar approach that bjorn provided a link to i can see that you’d really want the third aoa sensor to be seamlessly integrated, and not rely on a mismatch warning, for the pilots to notice, and make a decision on after referencing their third aoa. in bad weather on that approach i don’t think you have much time / room for error. i’m very interested to see if easa is expecting it to be integrated. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								jakdak, there is also this: “installing eicas on the “would be challenging,” said mike carriker, boeing’s chief pilot for product development. “there aren’t enough sensors on the . even if it were possible, it would require a new type certificate and new pilot training.” so the last bit may be a factor as well. customers may not have welcomed the new pilot rating. i’ve read that was the case (southwest) in other forums, but it may be only speculation. i tend to believe boeing’s position on this, but i realize others may not (the basis of most disagreement here). as far as the approaches, the third aoa sensor is a safety improvement for that case, so there is no objection. but we have to remember the has been doing them for as long as the technology has been available, without issue. the has three adiru’s and two autopilots. the adiru’s are fail-operational, except for aoa, for which they are fail-passive. so the third aoa would make them fully fail-operational, but it wouldn’t be in a voting configuration, unless easa mandates that. the autopilots would still be fail-passive, which means the pilots fly a missed approach, followed by a manual approach. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								the is a contemporary of the , shares flight deck and much of the digital avionics. as for easa’s complex approach concern, a question in my mind is what aoa is needed to abandon the approach when a vane fails, is ‘synthetic aoa’ good enough for that? 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								cas being the diagnostic/monitoring bottom part iirc. has to be done well though boeing has the company history. the was plagued by phantom faults and by troubleshooting guides that did not cover that possibility. a jerk maintenance director at pacific western forbid mechanics from talking to pilots, as they had for decades. but they often ended up at the same cafeteria tables in the bowels of yvr terminal. so they developed a solution for faults arising after pushback when pilots exercised controls, typically for first flight of day. (cause was often maintenance work confusing systems.) pw had mechanics authorized to taxi airplanes. so the new sop was for mechanics to taxi the s to the terminal after maintenance, and exercise controls enroute. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								bjorn’s article mentions “i write “ cockpit” and not max cockpit as a large factor in operating the max is its use with a ng fleet. in such a case, the airline and the certification authorities want to minimize any differences in the types’ behaviors.” the behavior difference between the various cockpits and differences in the types is enormous. the was originally designed and built in the ’s. over a half century ago. the engine thrust and takeoff weight is now twice that of the original . the current glass cockpit looks and operates much differently than the original steam gauge cockpit. there are now complex flight control computers in the new -max’s that weren’t even conceived of in . the wing design has been modified to add winglets (shark fins) to the tips of the main wings. the amended type certificate now prints out at almost pages in length. ================================= the boeing type certificate http://www.b .org.uk/a we.pdf ================================= the boeing -specs (thrust / weight through the years) https://modernairliners.com/boeing- /boeing- -specifications/ ========================================= when do you stop “grandfathering” the design, and call for a completely new type certification? a completely new design review top to bottom? according to the faa section . “section . requires an applicant to apply for a new tc for a changed product if the faa finds that the change in design, power, thrust, or weight is so extensive that a substantially complete investigation of compliance with the applicable regulations is required. ” ================================= https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/advisory_circular/ac_ . - b.pdf =============================== i say that the design amendments have been stretched past the point of requiring an entirely new type certificate. over years of grandfathering former rules, with the doubling of thrust and weight along with a new wing and tail design requires an entirely brand new type certification. why has the faa let these extensive changes to the original design go on and on by just amendments to the orignal ’s type certificate, of years ago? bjorn’s article mentions a requirement of disconnecting mcas. “the other condition has its root in the disconnection of speed trim, mcas, autopilot, and flight directors should the two angle of attack systems disagree. easa will temporarily revoke the max certification for required navigation performance – authorization required (rnp ar) approaches.” one of the many changes on the -max, to ensure the pilots don’t have control, also seems minor, but, has enormous implications. the rewiring of the stabilizer cutout switches. since mcas controls the plane without any means of turning it off as you can with the autopilot and autothottle, boeing rewired the stab cutout switches on only the max version. why? it leaves the pilot, in an emergency situation, outside the normal flight envelope, having to attempt a last ditch effort, when seconds count, trying to turn a manual cable system, which in the etheopean crash, was impossible to work. in most any other boeing aircraft, and every other boeing , pilots would have been able to cut off only the autopilot allowing them another option to save the aircraft from the broken computer system. even after the faa has approved the changes to the mcas system, this option still is missing. the final authority is still a computer program on the -max, without an off switch. boeing says the computer is smart enough to save itself. i don’t want to put that much trust in a computer, unless it’s been certified to fly-by-wire standards as airbus aircraft are. =================== https://www.kuow.org/stories/old-switches-could-have-saved-ethiopian-flight-engi ===================== 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								bjron: thank you for showin the location, a lot talked about it but no one was shwoing it, its really critiail to understaning the max/ng issue that said i am also reaidn easa uses the stick shakery deactive as a starnd procedure which wold indicated to me it has a swtihc or cb in an asily reahil postion. i would go with a swtich as cbs are a different form fucnbion though you can have a toggle like cb. equally, if you need to stop the stick shaker, i getting out of their seat as a response is iffy at best. in the case of the , you have to swap to the nfp side to stop it and in the case of indonesia and ethiopian those were low hour pilots in those positions. they can only be as good as their experience and training which for those two countries per their regs is very low. us is hours i believe though you hope that is not just cross country boring through the skies. when i was flying that hour build was flight instructors (which is a good learning lab for someone considering some of the stunts their student (not me) pulled) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								for those who can access av week https://aviationweek.com/air-transport/safety-ops-regulation/early-simulator-trials-foreshadowed-boeing- -max-pilot-issues 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								we’ve discussed this at the time of the article, and it’s given in the house report as a smoking gun. but it really isn’t, under the modified mcas, it can still run its -second cycle to completion without causing a significant control problem for the pilots. that has now been confirmed by the regulators, and this scenario will be run in the simulators during mandatory training so pilots can experience it. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								fish on 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					ian november , 				 			 			 								as a production manager with many years experience one of the issues that has baffled me about the whole max situation is the control logic of mcas. in equipment in a production environment there is the electrical/mechanical equipment and the control system. in automatic mode the equipment runs itself according to various inputs and logic of the control system. if you have a problem you can switch to manual mode and drive the equipment using switches and buttons manually. for the life of me i cannot understand that if there was a trim problem such as occurred with mcas or even runaway trim you switched the system off and had to rely on winding a wheel on a multi million pound plane.. why not leave the electrical power and just drive the stabiliser via the trim switches on the yoke with the control logic disabled. i have probably missed something and over simplified. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								@ian, a former boeing avionics engineer agrees with you. ============ https://www.kuow.org/stories/old-switches-could-have-saved-ethiopian-flight-engi ============ 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					ted november , 				 			 			 								if the only procedure is to disable both switches together, then what is the point of having two switches? just change it to one switch. why wasn’t it changed to one switch? too obvious that things were getting changed? that said, why wasn’t the procedure (for both the ng and the max) to shut off trim motor auto pilot first, and then if that didn’t work shut off the motor, as lemme implies? that seems like common sense, so short of a good explanation from boeing or the faa, i’m a skeptic. ‘that’s the way we’ve always done it’, who can argue with that rationale? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								ted, the faa response was that the two switches were wired in series so as to provide redundancy in case of switch failure. both switches being already present anyway. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								so boeing was so worried about a switch failure they rewired the two switches to be in series but, only used one aoa sensor? i find that impossible to believe. someone at boeing, for some as yet unknown reason intentionally changed the wiring of the two stab cutout switch design, to remove the yoke switch control from being activated without mcas. i think the reason could be that mcas at the last moment was rewired through the manual electric control, in order to run the trim motor at the high speed setting. but, by doing this, it changed the functionality of the two stab cutout switches. instead of manual / automatic, it was now manual + mcas / automatic. that would necessitate mcas being described in the flight manual, and possible additional training for pilots, and since the boeing management dictate at the moment was “no additional training” at any cost, someone elected to change the face plate text description on the cutout switches and rewire them in series. i’m wide open to hearing other explanations for the rewiring. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								richard, this is a conspiracy theory. you have the answers you seek, you just don’t accept them. there is nothing factually more that anyone can tell you. you’re welcome to believe what you choose, and post it here. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								richard: two switches because there used to be two trim motors. there is a story there but i don’t know what it is. when the nd trim motor went away, they just left the two switches and (from memory ) wired them in series. any one switch will do the same things as two. maybe it saves on training changes? yo know, re-wring those manuals. its such an annoyance. like mcas, lets just assume its not there and we don’t have to mention it! 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					ted november , 				 			 			 								there’s a lot of switches on an airplane. do they need two for everything in case one goes bad? i have a hard time taking that argument seriously. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								ted, you have to switched already present. only need one function. logical solution is to put them in series. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								i think my conspiracy theory as you call it, is much more plausible than the faa saying boeing wanted to have double redundancy, so they rewired the cutout switches, just on the -max to be in series. i find that reasoning to be quite laughable. but, if you want to go down the conspiracy theory, as the reason to change the switch wiring, how about this rabbit hole… the yoke mounted switches aren’t wired directly to the trim motor any more on the max. they are wired into the flight control computers (fcc’s) as inputs to the fcc/mcas/sts programming that controls the trim motor. so boeing had to rewire the cutout switches in line with the fcc in order to cut out the only one control circuit left to the trim motor. if this was true, an airline mechanic could verify by firing up a -max on the ground, somehow shutting down the fcc (is there a circuit breaker for the fcc’s?), and then seeing if the yoke mounted switches still work or not. now that’s what you call a conspiracy theory! opening up a huge can of worms, if it were true. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								i keep repeating it. two trim motors. a switch for each (two) they just did not remove them and linked them together behind the counsel. but no, lets pretend that is not it and beat it to death. sheese. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								also with regard to your latter comment, the column electric trim buttons override all other stabilizer controls. so effectively there is no difference between using the buttons directly, and first turning off the autopilot cutout switch, and then trying the buttons. the method given in the checklist is the most efficient and has the least steps as a memory item. that was the logic followed by boeing and faa. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								tw, this is quite clearly incorrect. please read the link i posted for the history of the . the switches were never used for the two trim motors. if you can provide evidence that they were, please feel free to present it here. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					jakdak november , 				 			 			 								if you read the article that richard linked to, you will see that peter lemme talks about the changes to the stab trim cutout switches on the max. i think he has a point, i’d love to know why boeing changed the switches from the way they were on the ng, … is it a kind of dogma … “the checklist on the ng and on the max are the same, throw both switches” … “do not deviate” so how i have to look at this is in a realistic way, boeing design the aircraft to fly within a certain flight envelope, the faa has regulations to be adhered to, again within the specified flight envelope. the faa regulates, they do not design, so the ball is really in the airframer’s court if they want to improve the design, and cater for possibilities outside the certified flight envelope. indeed the faa may face legal challenges from an airframer if they were to specify changes that were perhaps a very sensible idea, but outside of the regulations. there isn’t really an incentive for an airframer to do this. it’s possible that the trim wheels may be too difficult to turn when the aircraft is outside the certified envelope (but safe as certified), hence a comment i made previously (pilots will pay attention, and not get outside the envelope, whatever the distractions). i’m very sure every pilot for any decent airline will be very aware of the max accidents, and training should hopefully help hammer home the importance of staying within the envelope. i can’t understand why boeing hasn’t just gone back to the ng wiring of the trim cutout switches, for me it’s low hanging fruit, it wouldn’t cost that much to do, and the procedures remain the same in the checklist, and completely compatible with the ng. it’s possible that there have been issues with switch failure over the years, and it is indeed sensible to re-wire them. there may be another sensible reason. just because peter lemme, or i can’t see why they wired them up differently doesn’t mean there isn’t a very, very good reason. note to boeing being very transparent is actually a good thing, reminder to self don’t ever assume a conspiracy when a series of circumstances or a plain old ####up or dogma is actually the real reason. if in future a max somehow through some unforeseen event ended up in a situation where the pilots needed to stop the autopilot from controlling the elevator, and they needed electric trim, that option would be available, it may make a difference, it may not. i do wonder though when they first built the , why did they have two separate switches anyway, why didn’t they just have one switch ? if they had two switches, and the procedure is to throw both at the same time, why weren’t they wired up on the ng the way they are now wired up on the max. ? human factors, and safety are a particular interest of mine, i loathe the “we’ve done it this way for the last years, so we’re not going to change anything” attitude, if there’s a better way, especially with regard to safety, take a slice of humble pie, and do things better. dogma can quite often dig you into a hole. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								jakdak, the checklists evolved over time, as have the switches. here is a link to a history of the runaway trim checklists for all the models. as can be seen it wasn’t a case so much of things being removed from the checklist, as the switches evolving to match the evolving checklist. http://www.b .org.uk/runawaystab.htm 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								two trim motors at one time. why the nd tiem motor was removed and why not a cover and a single switch. rob is incorrect in that the two switch are a safety feature. it was a convenient for boeing though whether that is manuals, training or even other reasons is un reported. we do know boeing is big on cutting costs at any price. and electrically, the right approach is to kill the main power to the motor with a switch not the control power to the relays. interesting my world had a higher standard than the air world (i don’t know its exclusive to boeing) i was shocked (pun intended) that is how the switches work. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								it seems like most boeing planes have the cutout switches. ========= the following quotes from this article https://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-aerospace/boeing-altered-key-switches-in- -max-cockpit-limiting-ability-to-shut-off-mcas/ ======================== “boeing could have instructed pilots after the lion air crash last year to simply flip the “auto pilot” switch to deactivate mcas and continue flying with the normal trim buttons on the control wheel. he said that would have saved the ethiopian airlines plane and the people on board. “there’s no doubt in my mind that they would have been fine,” lemme said.” ========== one for the manual control, and one for the autopilot controls. “a veteran boeing test pilot said that all boeing planes have two such cutoff switches, not just the . and both he and american airlines captain dennis tajer, a spokesman for the allied pilots association who flies s, said they could think of no existing procedure that called for flipping only one of the switches.” ======== there may be no documented procedure, but, in the et , they could have really used the old functionality. or, a simple true off switch for mcas. ====== 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								yes, they could have flipped that switch, but the evidence is that they didn’t use the trim buttons as is required by the runaway trim checklist. nothing prevented them from using the buttons in the same way after they reactivated the stabilizer, but they still didn’t. so nothing really is changed by the presence of that switch, except that they might have had more time to figure it out. they were already at nearly knots with % throttle, accelerating in a climb, and with a severe mis-trim. that’s why they had to turn the stabilizer back on, which itself was against procedure. a solution that was available to them the entire time, was to reduce throttle and airspeed by knots or more. that would have allowed them to move the trim wheels in accordance with the checklist, while also reducing the force on the column required for level flight. note that throttle was reduced, although belatedly, on both jt and jt . but it never happened on et . while one can debate whether the ng switch configuration might be better, i don’t think you can conclude that et is automatically saved with that switch. that wasn’t the conclusion of any of the investigations, which didn’t include the switch as a causal factor. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								i recall the dual side-by-side switch arrangement on the control wheel dates from the . other switches in control of stab i am not familiar with. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								oh, unclear. i was thinking of the pair of switches on one horn of each control wheel, which if i understand correctly rob is calling ‘buttons’. operated by pilot thumb pushing both together in desired direction, sort of very short levers. they are the normal manual method of adjusting stabilizer trim. other switches are on the aisle stand, forward panel, and on bottom of control column below floor. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								i personally agree that the ng two switch design is better. it provides an option that is available even if never needed. the faa explained in their response to comments that the switches were reverted to one function because no checklists remained that called for the pilots to disable the autopilot trim but leave the electric trim enabled. they also said that the behavior of the new sts/mcas effectively emulates that function. there are no circumstances remaining where mcas is not disabled by faults in the tree. if mcas somehow fails in a manner not foreseen in the fault tree, then its authority is reduced to the point where the pilots can still easily retain control. lastly in the accidents, it’s not clear that it would have changed the outcome. the jt crew did not attempt to use the switches. the et crew did not use the electric trim function to mitigate the effects of mcas, even after restoring power to the stabilizer motor for that purpose. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					richard davenport november , 				 			 			 								@rob, the et pilots did use the switches twice after they couldn’t get the trim wheel to move, because of the heavy load, caused by the high speed. bjorn described the situation, very well, in a previous article. ========= https://leehamnews.com/ / / /bjorns-corner-et -crash-report-the-first-analysis/ ===== the reason for the two short manual electric trim activation’s was probably because of the very high speed dive the aircraft was in. pilots would hesitate to use a lot of trim quickly, rather they’d give it a shot or two, and see the response. mcas on the other hand, apparently had no sensing of the speed, and put in a full second burst, which sealed their fate. now, if they pilots had the ability to shut only mcas off…………??? 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								richard, the high-speed dive did not occur until after the last unopposed action of mcas. the pilots did not use the electric trim buttons to mitigate mcas, as was listed in the checklist and part of their training for runaway trim.. the subsequent pilot testing showed their behavior was not unique or unusual, so we don’t use that fact to assign blame. but it is a fact which will be addressed in the training. some members of flights jt and jt used the buttons to neutralize mcas, some did not. it was a necessary component for success. that’s why it will be reinforced in the training. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					geir a december , 				 			 			 								the checklist you are referring to all the time proved to be useless (it’s impossible to trim manually with pressure on the flight controls). the fact is boeing added a new feature, capable of applying violent and lethal trim applications, without telling the operators, and without changing the checklist, thinking that the old memory items for runaway trim procedure should be sufficient, which it clearly wasn’t. that checklist did / does mention the yoke trim switch, as a note, but how could the pilots know this was actually the most important thing in the desperate and confusing situation they were in? and were they able at all to operate it while pulling negative g’s after that last extreme mcas application? ( units of trim at + knots – how could they possibly make a system allowed to do something like that!) i don’t know what the checklist will say now, when the aicraft return to service – but what should have been number one from the very beginning, in bold type, was to counter with the manual trim switch, then do the rest of that checklist (quickly, before that mcas tried to kill you again). would have worked fine with the ng as well, maintaining commonality. and the procedure should of course have included a big warning about the mcas. i believe the max will be safe when it returns to service, it’s just so tragic it claimed all these lives before getting it right, technically and procedurally. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								ian: its a very confused situation, i will try to untangle it as you are getting scattered answers. the basic part is that the stabilizer is moved by a motor that is linked to a jack screw, but there are a couple of elements further before it gets to the jack screw. above the motor is a gear box. below the gear box (between the motor and the gear box) is a clutch. its not your car clutch, its fixed pressure clutch (i know one feature it serves and it may service a second) . automatic gates have the same feature, if a car gets stuck in the gate the clutch lets go. the manual trim works thorough the gear box (see note at the end) so, the switches that are involved in the system remove the control power to the motor (a bit more complicated, there are relays involved for up and down motor ops) more notes. so, when you turn the switches off, you no longer have the auto trim but you also do not have the yoke trim buttons working either as they both use the same circuity (aka relays) to make the motor spin one way or the others. switches off the electric trim motor no longer runs. at that point you are depending on the much discussed manual trim (which takes a gazillion turns to get effective movement, peop le can only turn so many rpm but an electric motor (trim) can turn really fast and move as fast as the gearing allows. i don’t know what rpm the trim motor turns, s of rpms maybe int the thousand area. in essence you sort of have two manual trims, one though the yoke toggle switches though they are really elecric though of course the pf (pilot flying) has to push the button to get it to move one way or the other. behind the scenes is speed trim to make the air cart feel the same through the range of its motion. now some interesting tidbits. note : if the trim motor seizes up, you have a locked system. ergo, manual trim can still work but you have to break that clutch free. as you don’t want slippage in normal ops, its a pretty hard thing to do and reports are its very very hard. also note the trim wheel itself is now smaller that it used to be. note : at one time there were two trim motors (in the so called classics , ala - / / / . that is why there are two switches, now they both do the same thing but the other one was for the other trim motor. i have yest to see the reasoning for removing the second trim motor nor what affect that has per current setup. note . manual trim is exasperated by higher speeds (the stab loads up and is harder to move). originally they taught a dump the nose, relieve the load, manual trim, then nose back up (a great deal of discussion on this but the faa has decided the pilots never (well that is patently not true) go there and need to worry their pretty little heads about that. i call it pretending the monster is not in the closet. note : one of the issues in the electrical world is relays welding the contract together and putting power to the end device and it will not stop. the solution to that is the safety is in the power line not the relay coil and you just kill the power. why this is not followed in the (and possibly other aircraft). i do not know. its not been a problem i have ever heard about on (or other aircraft but it gives a controls tech the heebie jeebies to see that (and yes i have worked on safeties that ensure a motor stops by power removal as welded contacts is possible). its a separate feature and is vastly safer approach. what is amazing is how much assuming boeing did and ran no tests to confirm the assume. but then boeing decided putting a nail into a battery was a great test based on not testing of that test as it were. i am amazed at my level we did far more testing that boeing does at its level. any time i designed a circuit, i tested it and tried to make it fail. boeing take is design a circuit and assume it won’t fail. on my end it was mostly embarrassment if it did not work in all modes, in boeing’s case, you can kill people with assumptions. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					sam november , 				 			 			 								 – is that ng… 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								 is ng. but they have it mixed up and you can’t even go hull length with those models. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					geir a november , 				 			 			 								the - is an ng, period. (i have flown them.) 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								i sit corrected! i could not keep up with all the numbers on the ng. my mistake. as a note though, this is all so hosed up. a classic per tech definition is the original system ( - / ). i don’t know how many classic control systems i have retired. but no, boeing decides has to use the term wrongfully on the - . that is corporate pr garbage. techs hate that. airbus decided that winglets were sharklets (have you ever seen a shark with two fins x distance apart and parallel not linear? ) no. so what we really have is the classic, gen , gen and max. rant over. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								gets confusing, people seem to be referring to the second generation as ‘classic’, which irks me. first came - , not many of those. then came - , many built. essentially same but longer, engines were p&w jt d of various dash numbers. (but to irritate techs, pilots, …. there were two versions of the - , the second one called adv sometimes, small tweaks to wing features made a significant improvement in airplane performance at the margin (short fields).) then came the models with cfm engines, the - / / , which some call classic and call the original - and - the originals. (sounds like an rnr retro musical group.) the ng with larger wing and also some version of cfm engines were - / / / , perhaps with some aerodynamic and function tweaks to reduce field length needs. (enhanced performance package option) and then the max, - / / / with higher bypass ratio version of the cfm engines. and i don’t list military versions, some of which may be a bit of frankenplane. (and i’ll call the a and a morpenplane, same wing with two or four engines. :-o) 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					uwe november , 				 			 			 								the mcas design was majorly botched. not only but by having to fit into the certificated solution space and the sales promise of “no extra training”. that forbid things like a dedicated mcas_off switch ( even though one switch was only an “in series” wart after those trim motor changes.) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								switches had nothing to do with trim motor changes. the link i gave for history of runaway trim checklist shows the switches had not changed from the classic model. an off switch for mcas was not forbidden by training requirements or certification. we have training now for mcas and that has not altered the type designation. further it has not been added or mandated by the regulators. airlines had requested that training be minimized, and built penalty provisions into the contract to help insure it. boeing was entirely complicit in this. not the first time that customers and manufacturers have done that, it’s been a common contractual clause, but is a poor operational practice. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					uwe november , 				 			 			 								” the switches had not changed from the classic model.” the hardware behind the switches has changed as two trim motors were folded into one. my understanding is that this changed the switch indivial switch functions into a single switch effect by way of in series wiring. “boeing was entirely complicit in this. not the first time that customers and manufacturers have done that, it’s been a common contractual clause, but is a poor operational practice.” airlines did afaics not know about elevated risk of stall/change of behavior and thus introduction of mcas to mend this ( in theory.) one could tag this as “complicit”. but the backstory would indicate that boeing offered “no xtra training” to stay (superficially) competitive and silently introduced this hairball of half assed fixes to get there. i.e. the complicity of airlines execs was being dumb enough to believe boeing sales persons. after the over achievement that was obviously a dumb thing to do. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								uwe, your claim about the evolution of the switches is false, there were never two switches because of two trim motors. your understanding is wrong. whether two trim motors were merged into one is of no consequence to the mcas issue or the accidents. it hasn’t been identified as a causal factor, nor have the switches themselves been identified as a causal factor. that is the factual truth, despite what is posted here. neither boeing nor the airlines advocated additional training until the pilot testing revealed that the mistakes made in the accidents were not isolated or unusual. at that point there was no longer any doubt that training was needed. this is being corrected now in the mandatory training for runaway trim and aoa failure, as well as mcas. the superficially competitive argument is your opinion, but in fact standardizing ratings across various aircraft models is a widespread practice, not just by boeing. airlines highly favor this approach, and they are the customer. any airline is free to train above and beyond the minimum standards, and a few of them do. note that they didn’t build incentives for training into their contracts, they built penalties. boeing did not require those clauses, the airlines did. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					john november , 				 			 			 								my problem with the faa & boeing & airlines is the fact that capitalism has taken on more importance than what there real purpose is for & that’s a response to there flying public & there safety first & foremost. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								yes, most of us feel that way. currently is how corporations work. gm just acknowledged that the lethal takata airbag are now magically in need of recall (same ones killing and injuring people in other cars) of course i am sure they did research and it is just a coincidence that when the president is being changed to a consumer interested one they figured they needed to concede before they were forced to. but then i am a skeptic and not a corporate cheerleader. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								with regard to the gm takata recalls, they complied with the first recall order, based on the production batch that had the known faulty inflators. the nhtsa had mandated a second wave based on a second batch that might have the same issue, due to the use of the same chemical, but in a different design. gm had argued that none of this batch had exploded or ruptured, all had functioned correctly in , deployments in accidents. they also had pulled and tested about , units by subjecting them to years worth of the high humidity/temperature cycling conditions that cause them to crack. all of those units also deployed correctly when tested. however nhtsa rejected gm’s appeal and now the second batch will be recalled and replaced. so it wasn’t magical or related to politics, just the normal resolution of the appeals process. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								yea rob we know, if a corporation says it is so. just push auto play 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								tw, if you have facts to dispute those i presented, you are free to present them, as you always are, but never do. this is your go-to move of “all businesses are evil”, followed by ridicule. that’s becoming a bit boring, not even original anymore. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								rob: you do not present facts. you present corporate propaganda (or bureaucratic in the case of the faa). trump says he won the election. by your standards that is a fact. the facts say he did not. you do not argue facts, you present corporate press releases. as data and spock would say, you are illogical. or “none are so blind as those who will not see”. its now called a rob-ism. corporate press release presented as fact. yep, trump had the bigger crowd in . 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								tw, this is the usual reversal of truth. i have given the facts surrounding the issue, you have given your beliefs, with no substantiation. as you frequently do. the election delivered facts, trump delivered his beliefs, just the same as you have done here. pointing at me and trying to reverse that, does not change the facts. it just confirms what i have long said, that like trump, you don’t differentiate between the truth and what you believe to be true. to you, they are one and the same. so i invite you again, to present the facts that justify your position, or to show that my position is incorrect. the facts are what determine the truth. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								“yes, most of us feel that way.” most of who? even in the current election for potus the higher proportion of votes for the marxism-founded candidates is not ‘most’ of voters. don’t try to pull the neo-marxist trick of claiming to speak for everyone. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					shawn november , 				 			 			 								regarding rnp-ar. they are excellent tools to access airports where terrain is an issue, but, in canada, they’re also used for shortening track miles flown, and reducing seperation in terminal airspace. canada has many rnp-ar approaches. some airports have rnp-ar approaches that link to stars, and provide both the flight crew and atc a nice predictable track and decent path from tod all the way to the runway. taking this to another level is calgary. with two parallel runways, atc has come up with a method to reduce seperation between traffic approaching opposite sides of the airport using a procedure called established on rnp. https://blog.navcanada.ca/world-first-nav-canada-implements-new-icao-separation-standard-at-yyc/ it’s worked very well at calgary, and i’ve heard they were considering expanding it to vancouver and toronto (grain of salt there). given both air canada and westjet will want to use this procedure with their maxs, i’m curious to see what transport canada comes up with. cheers! 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					geir a november , 				 			 			 								i saw this only after having written a similar comment regarding norway. rnp has given us approaches to runways where we previously had none because of the terrain, and at others we save a lot of track miles. so our experiences are similar it seems! 🙂 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								yep. juneau is very norway like. not true fjords, mainland on one side and an island on the other in a more or less north south aspect. as i recall juneau was an ndb fix on the final turn and then onto the final with the vor and finally the ils 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					grubbie november , 				 			 			 								tell pilots their aircraft is fitted with mcas. provide on/off switch. only an idiot would ever turn it on. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					transworld november , 				 			 			 								some day this may get sorted, but the ruling was it was deemed needed. from the easa report, no. if the pilot could turn it off he wold be in violation. we don’t need manual trim because no one flies here (well they do don’t they, aka ethiopia ) but mcas even though it only actives right at stall, yep. so the faa and other regulators cherry pick. weird stuff. all i can say is once a bureaucracy makes a decision only a big asteroid strikes changes their mind (if it lands on top of them and removes them) part of my job at one time was to make tech recommends. i found out we had been sold a bill of goods on grease on a couple of aspects. i did the research and reported , we need to change that grease, we were sold a bill of goods. its not compatible with what most mfgs put in their bearings. no, we can’t do that, corporate will kill us. amazing, like corporate even looks at our grease orders? i don’t think so. but they never changed their mind though they complained about all the bearings that were going out too soon. weird stuff. 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					pedro november , 				 			 			 								nov : boeing has delayed plans to manufacture the new max jet at its renton factory for as long as two years, ryanair group ceo michael o’leary said. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob november , 				 			 			 								no change from the expectations boeing had given earlier, in the third quarter earnings call. the exact quote from ryanair: “i think the max deal will be a little longer. the max has slightly been delayed, because one of the issues with boeing and the faa and easa is they’ve committed to more design changes on the max . so i think the first max has been delayed or pulled back by two years or something.” “boeing’s priority at the moment is to get the max back in the air and get the certified and delivered, to eliminate the backlog of deliveries, which take them or months to get rid of that, and then really focus on changing the design of the max s and delivering another great aircraft.” “the is the greatest aircraft ever built. it is the backbone of most airline fleets across the world. and we’re very proud to be one of boeing’s leading partners across the world.” 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley november , 				 			 			 								“…these likely include the third synthetic aoa sensor that easa wants..” to be sure, do you mean: – a third aoa vane (a sensor_ or – addition of ‘synthetic aoa’ computation (which isn’t a ‘sensor’ ? seems to me that ‘synthetic aoa’ has the advantage of independence from the aoa vanes which depend on airflow. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob december , 				 			 			 								the third aoa value appears to the aircraft as a sensor, regardless of the source (physical or synthetic). also the synthetic computation would be manifested within a new device, so in effect that device can be regarded as an independent sensor. in the , the “central core” computers are robust enough to absorb & consolidate many computational functions like this. that wouldn’t be the case for the , it would need an add-on system. that’s why the sads cannot simply be copied or transferred to the max. nor does the sads synthesize aoa. synthetic aoa is trickier than most other metrics in synthetic air data. it’s possible but will require extensive development. so boeing will have to decide how best to proceed. other physical sensors besides vanes are also possible. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								i use ‘sensor’ to mean direct sensing, like the aoa vane, tat probe, pitot probe, radar, pants (seat of :-), … everything else is artificial. (even mach number is calculated, from airspeed and other parameters.) albeit sensors are massaged by computers, probably the aoa vane included. a computer is not a sensor. (other sensors are possible you say? interesting. mebbe doppler navigator beams i speculate – well no, that’s ground notion not airflow referenced, it is pitch attitude. :-o) 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					rob december , 				 			 			 								keith, there are a couple kinds of pressure-based aoa sensors, and more have been proposed. i don’t know if they would meet commercial aviation standards. they are used in civil aviation in place of vanes. 				 					reply				 							 		 		 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								thanks. i’ve been told that united/sundstrand data control in redmond wa produced an angle of airflow sensor using rows of air holes on a shaft sticking out from the fuselage, but it was prone to blockage of the holes from things in the air. i understand that small aircraft sometimes have a tab at wing le that moves a switch for stall warning. such aircraft don’t have le lift devices, don’t know if they even had te flaps. the rosemount aoa vane has been around a long time, probably should be redesigned for better internal reliability, but externally is prone to damage. siting of any sensor would take study and flight testing. 				 									 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								thanks for pointing to the difficulties of computing a ‘synthetic aoa’ parameter to cross-check aoa sensing vanes with. (background: the computed parameter ‘mach’ (number) is very important for safety, so as to not exceed a limit value. development testing includes an overspeed test, from which an operational mach limit is established, providing a margin for overspeed if upset. eurosnobs who like to bash boeing herein might explain why airbus didn’t grasp that in a pitch to usaf. they confused that test with kc- s diving to go faster for fighter aircraft. in both cases diving the airplane may be required because thrust in level flight is not sufficient to get the desired speed. (which in the first case is a flight test overspeed, in the second trying to get to maximum approved operating speed.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								transport canada claims it is close to a positive decision: https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/boeing- -max-soon-to-be-ungrounded-canada- . 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					keith sketchley december , 				 			 			 								there are media reports that faa have issued the first certificate for a modified max. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/international-business/us-business/article-faa-issues-first-certificate-for-a-boeing- -max-since-march- / (paywalled) american airlines is actively preparing to fly in revenue service, planning one flight a day initially, starting december , : https://www.msn.com/en-us/travel/news/how-american-airlines-plans-to-restore-confidence-in-the-boeing- -max/ar-bb balom appears aa has been maintaining the aircraft with regular maintenance. aa has now flown media and relatives of employees on max. it is being proactive in order to demonstrate confidence in the aircraft. (more on transport canada approving flight soon: https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/boeing- -max-soon-to-be-ungrounded-canada- . (dated december ) families have been pushing tc hard to do more checking, and to explain how the certification system will prevent more crashes. and one of the usual suspects rants to transport canada as he did to the faa, i cut that marxist some slack because tragically a grand-niece died in the ethiopian crash.) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					geir a december , 				 			 			 								keith sketchley, about the generations: absolutely correct. only that in the company i flew for before we were bought up, where we went through the first three generations – we called the - “the “scud”. 😀 (after some not very accurate missiles used by iraq in the first gulf war…) 				 					reply				 							 		 	 		 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * comment name * email * website notify me of follow-up comments by email. notify me of new posts by email. 	 	 				 				 				 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 				 	 		 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				post was not sent - check your email addresses!			 			 				email check failed, please try again			 			 				sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email.			 		 	 		 every journalist · maisonbisson menu close	home 	search subscribe ☰menuevery journalist dec , #journalism #reporting #storytellingryu spaeth on the dirty job of journalism: [e]very journalist […] at some point will have to face the morally indefensible way we go about our business: namely, using other people to tell a story about the world. not everyone dupes their subjects into trusting them, but absolutely everyone robs other people of their stories to tell their own. every journalist knows this flushed feeling, a mix of triumph and guilt, of securing the story that will redound glory unto them, not the subject. some subjects who have no outlet, who are voiceless, approve of this arrangement, since they have no other way of getting their story heard. but even they will not wholly recognize their own depiction in the newspaper, by virtue of the fact that it was told by someone else with their own agenda. this is what jonathan franzen has called the “inescapable shame of being a storyteller”—that it involves stealing from another person, much in the way some people believe a photograph steals a bit of the sitter’s soul. casey bisson's picturecasey bisson read more posts by this author. san francisco https://maisonbisson.com share this post twitter facebook pinterestthe three tribes of the internet membership-driven news media political bias in social media algorithms and media monetization models media monetization vs. internet advertising maisonbisson information wants to be free information wants to be free a librarian, writer and educator reflecting on the profession and the tools we use to serve our patrons 	making customizable interactive tutorials with google forms in september, i gave a talk at oregon state university&# ;s instruction librarian get-together about the interactive tutorials i built at pcc last year that have been integral to our remote instructional strategy. i thought i&# ;d share my slides and notes here in case others are inspired by what i did and to share the amazing ... 	the crushing expectations on working women and where&# ;s my fucking village? on friday and saturday, my twitter feed was full of anger and frustration over a blog post on the alsc (association for library services to children) blog. entitled &# ;how motherhood has influenced me as a children’s librarian,&# ; the post was problematic because it suggested (probably unintentionally) that childless children&# ;s librarians could not connect with patrons as much or have ... 	recognition doesn&# ;t have to be a zero sum game as usual, the week the library journal movers and shakers were announced, i saw plenty of complaints about the award and, in some cases, awardees. i’ve been reading this sort of hurtful negativity since when i was named a mover and shaker (and a friend of mine wrote a blog comment calling us “the ... 	thoughts on work, well-being, solidarity, and advocacy in our current&# ; situation i have been wanting to blog for weeks. i have several blog posts i started that i just couldn&# ;t get through. my attention span reminds me of my son&# ;s at age when his teacher delicately suggested we should have him assessed for adhd. it rapidly jumps between various tasks at hand, my family, my ... 	#lismentalhealth: that time my brain and job tried to kill me happy lis mental health week friends! i want to start this post by recognizing someone who has done a great deal to support library workers&# ; mental health in the face of toxic workplaces, kaetrena davis kendrick. kaetrena has done some incredibly valuable research on low morale and toxic workplaces in librarianship and has created an awesome ... 	my year in books (and podcasts) this was a pretty good year for me. nothing particularly amazing or wonderful or eventful happened to me, though my son has been such a source of pride and light for me that i sometimes can&# ;t believe i&# ;m his mom. i still live in the same messed up world we all do. my migraines have actually ... 	when libraries and librarians pretend to be neutral, they often cause harm two recent events made me think (again) about the toxic nature of &# ;library neutrality&# ; and the fact that, more often than not, neutrality is whiteness/patriarchy/cis-heteronormativity/ableism/etc. parading around as neutrality and causing harm to folks from historically marginalized groups. the insidious thing about whiteness and these other dominant paradigms is that they are largely invisible to ... 	thoughts at mid-career part : where to from here? this is the fifth in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. &# ;to me, the only habit worth ‘designing for’ is the habit of questioning one’s habitual ways of seeing” -jenny odell, how to do nothing &# ;we have to fight for this world, but we ... 	thoughts at mid-career part &# ; the cult of productivity: you’re never doing enough this is the fourth in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. “these days, i just want to slow down. i want to pull the shutters closed and block out the world… the more time i have, the more i realize that all that ... 	thoughts at mid-career part &# ; our achievement culture: what you’re doing will never be enough this is the third in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. of all my annoying qualities, my most self-destructive may be that if you put a ladder in front of me, i’ll try to climb it. doesn’t matter if the entire premise ... information wants to be free | a librarian, writer and educator reflecting on the profession and the tools we use to serve our patrons 	 	 		 			 				 					 						 						 													 						 						 						 						 								home 	about 	speaking 	writing 	contact 							 							 							 								facebook 	twitter 	google+ 	linkedin 	skype 	rss 							 						 						 					 					 				 				 			 			 		 		 	 	 						 					 						 						 					 				 				 														 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												making customizable interactive tutorials with google forms 												free the information!, higher ed, instruction, librarianship, online education, reference, work 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															in september, i gave a talk at oregon state university’s instruction librarian get-together about the interactive tutorials i built at pcc last year that have been integral to our remote instructional strategy. i thought i’d share my slides and notes here in case others are inspired by what i did and to share the amazing … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												the crushing expectations on working women and where’s my fucking village? 												career, libraries, management, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															on friday and saturday, my twitter feed was full of anger and frustration over a blog post on the alsc (association for library services to children) blog. entitled “how motherhood has influenced me as a children’s librarian,” the post was problematic because it suggested (probably unintentionally) that childless children’s librarians could not connect with patrons as much or have … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												recognition doesn’t have to be a zero sum game 												librarianship, libraries, management, speaking, work 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comment 														 																								 																									 															as usual, the week the library journal movers and shakers were announced, i saw plenty of complaints about the award and, in some cases, awardees. i’ve been reading this sort of hurtful negativity since when i was named a mover and shaker (and a friend of mine wrote a blog comment calling us “the … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts on work, well-being, solidarity, and advocacy in our current… situation 												ala, hi, librarianship, libraries, management, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															i have been wanting to blog for weeks. i have several blog posts i started that i just couldn’t get through. my attention span reminds me of my son’s at age when his teacher delicately suggested we should have him assessed for adhd. it rapidly jumps between various tasks at hand, my family, my … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												#lismentalhealth: that time my brain and job tried to kill me 												about me, classic blunders, librarianship, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															happy lis mental health week friends! i want to start this post by recognizing someone who has done a great deal to support library workers’ mental health in the face of toxic workplaces, kaetrena davis kendrick. kaetrena has done some incredibly valuable research on low morale and toxic workplaces in librarianship and has created an awesome … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												my year in books (and podcasts) 												about me, hi 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this was a pretty good year for me. nothing particularly amazing or wonderful or eventful happened to me, though my son has been such a source of pride and light for me that i sometimes can’t believe i’m his mom. i still live in the same messed up world we all do. my migraines have actually … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												when libraries and librarians pretend to be neutral, they often cause harm 												intellectual freedom, librarianship, libraries 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															two recent events made me think (again) about the toxic nature of “library neutrality” and the fact that, more often than not, neutrality is whiteness/patriarchy/cis-heteronormativity/ableism/etc. parading around as neutrality and causing harm to folks from historically marginalized groups. the insidious thing about whiteness and these other dominant paradigms is that they are largely invisible to … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts at mid-career part : where to from here? 												about me, librarianship, mid-career, social software, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this is the fifth in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. “to me, the only habit worth ‘designing for’ is the habit of questioning one’s habitual ways of seeing” -jenny odell, how to do nothing “we have to fight for this world, but we … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts at mid-career part – the cult of productivity: you’re never doing enough 												about me, career, librarianship, mid-career, social software, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this is the fourth in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. “these days, i just want to slow down. i want to pull the shutters closed and block out the world… the more time i have, the more i realize that all that … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts at mid-career part – our achievement culture: what you’re doing will never be enough 												career, librarianship, libraries, management, mid-career, mpow, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this is the third in a series of essays. you can access the rest here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order. of all my annoying qualities, my most self-destructive may be that if you put a ladder in front of me, i’ll try to climb it. doesn’t matter if the entire premise … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts at mid-career part – ambition: you are not enough 												about me, career, gender, management, mid-career, work, work-life balance, writing 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this is the second in a series of essays. you can access the first here, though it’s not necessary to read them all or in order: “so maybe my great ambition, such as it is, is to refrain from engagement with systems that purport to tell me what i’m worth compared to anyone else. maybe … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												thoughts at mid-career part – letting go, questioning, and pathfinding 												about me, librarianship, mid-career, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															this is the first in a (probably) five-part series of essays. for about two years, until january, i felt a disturbing lack of ambition. i felt directionless and passionless; devoid of my usual neverending energy and interest. i chalked it up to mid-career malaise, but it was more than that. having only in the past … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												my year in books, 												hi 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															i had such good intentions to blog more this year, but the second half of has thrown me a lot of curveballs emotionally and it’s pulled me away from a lot of the things that keep me engaged with others (funny how that seems to happen when you need people the most).books are always a … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												“devaluing” the mls vs. respect for all library workers 												ala, librarianship, libraries, library school, management, work 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															i’m sure some of you remember the big push last year and early this year to require the mls for the executive director of the american library association (ala) — if you don’t, here is an article, column, and blog post about it. one big argument i kept hearing was that we needed someone who understood and … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												we are atomized. we are monetized. we are ephemera. do we deserve more online? 												our digital future, social software, tech trends 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															in march and april, i took about weeks off from social media. i didn’t post anything to or look at twitter, facebook, or instagram. i’d wondered if i’d feel disconnected or feel some irresistible pull like an addict to their drug of choice. to be honest, i didn’t really feel any of that. i didn’t … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												anxiety, performative allyship, and stepping away from social media 												about me, librarianship, social software 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															anxiety: hello brain: oh no anxiety: something is wrong brain: what? anxiety: that person you said that one awkward thing to three years ago probably hates you brain: you woke me up at am for this? anxiety: let’s think about the void now — christine is on editing hiatus 🖤 (@christineexists) march , friends, … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												wayfinding and balance at mid-career 												about me, gender, librarianship, management, tenure track, work, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															it’s lis mental health week; a week focused on raising awareness of mental health. this post isn’t about mental health per se, but something that i think, for me, is very much exacerbated by anxiety and the constant negative self-appraisal that comes with it. two blog posts really resonated with me recently. sarah houghton (who i believe … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												my year in books 												about me, ebooks, work-life balance 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comment 														 																								 																									 															reading this year has been so many things for me. an escape. a way to educate myself. a way to see my own struggles in a different way through another’s story. a way to understand the struggles of others. a way to better understand where i came from. this year i think i’ve read more than … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												saying goodbye to the library success wiki 												wikis 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															in july , on the heels of the successful ala annual wiki, i developed the library success wiki. here’s what i said about it then: “i would like this wiki to be a one-stop-shop for inspiration. all over the country, librarians are developing successful programs and doing innovative things with technology that no one … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 																	 									 																							 																												 														 															 															see full post 														 													 													 																						 										 											 											 												the ballad of the sad instruction librarian 												community college libraries, instruction, librarianship 											 											 																									 															by meredith farkas on / / with comments 														 																								 																									 															it’s been a busy fall term so far and i haven’t had much time to spend on twitter, but i usually check it first thing every morning. when i did one day last week, this thread caught my eye: sitting in a fb thread of professors complaining (nicely) about unqualified librarians doing shitty instruction sessions. … 														 														 														continue reading ... 																								 											 										 									 									 								 				 									 									 										 									 								 	 									 									 										 									 								 	 									 									 										 									 								 	 									 									 										 									 								 	 									 									 										 									 								 	 									 									 										 									 								 	 													 							 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( ) 	skills for the st century librarian ( ) 	keeping it real ( ) 	libraries in social networking software ( ) 	ebooks and libraries: a stream of concerns ( ) disclaimer 			this blog contains the author’s personal thoughts, which do not necessarily reflect the views of her employer. comments the author reserves the right to delete any comments she deems offensive, irrelevant, fraudulent, or blatant advertisements. 		 				 			 				 												 				 				 												 				 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 				 															 				 				 				 				 															 				 				 				 				 															 				 				 				 				 															 				 				 			 									 						 						 							 							 							 								 								 																		 																		 									go to top								 								 								 							 							 							 						 						 						 								 	 	 		 	 open library books api | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up edit last edited by mek september , | history open library books api the open library books api provides a programmatic client-side method for querying information of books using javascript. apis open library has types of book apis. 	 the works api (by work id) 	 the editions api (by edition id) 	 the isbn api (by isbn) 	 the books api (generic) works & editions apis a work is a logical collection of similar editions. "fantastic mr. fox" could be a work which contains a spanish translation edition, or perhaps a nd edition which has an additional chapter or corrections. work metadata will include general umbrella information about a book, whereas an edition will have a publisher, an isbn, a book-jacket, and other specific information. both work and edition pages on open library (i.e. the pages you navigate to) may also be returned as json or yml (in addition to html) by modifying the page url. works api work pages on open library begin with the url prefix "/works". here is an example: https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w/fantastic_mr._fox in this example, if we remove the /title from the url (e.g. https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w) and then add a suffix of ".json" or ".yml" to the end, the page will return a data representation instead of html, e.g.: https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w.json editions api edition pages on open library begin with the prefix "/books". here is an example: https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/fantastic_mr._fox in this example, if we remove the /title from the url (e.g. https://openlibrary.org/works/ol w) and then add a suffix of ".json" or ".yml" to the end, the page will return a data representation instead of html, e.g.: https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json isbn api the isbn api is a special case and alternative approach to arriving at an editions page. instead of "/books", a path of "/isbn" is used, followed by a valid isbn or . here is an example: https://openlibrary.org/isbn/ in this example, entering this url will result in a redirect to the appropriate editions page: https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m just like an edition or work page, we may add ".json" to the end of the url to request the response in json instead of as html, e.g.: https://openlibrary.org/isbn/ .json book api the book api is a generic, flexible, configurable endpoint which allows requesting information on one or more books using isbns, oclc numbers, lccns and olids (open library ids). it is inspired by the google books dynamic links api and is compatible with it. at the core of the api is a url format that allows developers to construct urls requesting information on one or more books and send the requests to the open library using the <script> tag. <script src="https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: &callback=mycallback"></script> request format the api supports the following query parameters. bibkeys list of ids to request the information. the api supports isbns, lccns, oclc numbers and olids (open library ids). isbn ex. &bibkeys=isbn: (the api supports both isbn and .) oclc &bibkeys=oclc:######### lccn &bibkeys=lccn:######### olid &bibkeys=olid:ol m format optional parameter which specifies the response format. possible values are json and javascript. the default format is javascript. callback optional parameter which specifies the name of the javascript function to call with the result. this is considered only when the format is javascript. jscmd optional parameter to decide what information to provide for each matched bib_key. possible values are viewapi and data. the default value is viewapi. the response format the response of the api contains a json object for each matched bib_key. the contents of the json object are decided by the jscmd parameter. by default, the api returns the response as javascript. $ curl 'http://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: ,lccn: ' var _olbookinfo = { "isbn: ": { ... }, "lccn: ": { ... } }; when optional callback parameter is passed, the response is wrapped in a javascript function call. $ curl 'https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: ,lccn: &callback=processbooks' processbooks({ "isbn: ": { ... }, "lccn: ": { ... } }); when format=json parameter is passed, the api returns the response as json instead of javascript. this is useful when accessing the api at the server-side. $ curl 'https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: ,lccn: &format=json' { "isbn: ": { ... }, "lccn: ": { ... } } the data format the contents of each json object will be decided by the jscmd parameter. jscmd=viewapi when jscmd is not specified or when jscmd=viewapi, each json object will contain the following: bib_key identifier used to query this book. info_url a url to the book page in the open library. preview preview state - either "noview" or "full". preview_url a url to the preview of the book. this links to the archive.org page when a readable version of the book is available, otherwise it links to the book page on openlibrary.org. please note that the preview_url is always provided even if there is no readable version available. the preview property should be used to test if a book is readable. thumbnail_url a url to a thumbnail of the cover of the book. this is provided only when thumbnail is available. for example: $ curl 'https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: ,lccn: &format=json' { "isbn: ": { "bib_key": "isbn: ", "preview": "noview", "thumbnail_url": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -s.jpg", "preview_url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/zen_speaks", "info_url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/zen_speaks" }, "lccn: ": { "bib_key": "lccn: ", "preview": "full", "thumbnail_url": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -s.jpg", "preview_url": "https://archive.org/details/adventurestomsa twaigoog", "info_url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/adventures_of_tom_sawyer" } } jscmd=data when the jscmd=data, data about each matching book is returned. it includes the following: url url of the book title and subtitle title and subtitle of the book. authors list of authors. each entry will be in the following format: { "name": "...", "url": "https://openlibrary.org/authors/..." } identifiers all identifiers of the book in the following format: { "isbn_ ": [...], "isbn_ ": [...], "lccn": [...], "oclc": [...], "goodreads": [...] } classifications all classifications of the book in the following format. { "lc_classifications": [...], "dewey_decimal_class": [...] } subjects, subject_places, subject_people and subject_times list of subjects, places, people and times of the book. each entry will be in the following format: { "url": "https://openlibrary.org/subjects/history", "name": "history" } publishers list of publishers. each publisher will be in the following format: { "name": "..." } publish_places list of publish places. each entry will be in the following format: { "name": "..." } publish_date published date as a string. excerpts list of excerpts to that book. each entry will be in the following format: { "comment": "...", "text": "..." } links list of links to the book. each link will be in the following format: { "url": "https://...", "title": "..." } cover urls to small, medium and large covers. { "small": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -s.jpg", "medium": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -m.jpg", "large": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -l.jpg", } ebooks list of ebooks. each entry will be in the following format: { "preview_url": "https://archive.org/details/..." } number_of_pages number of pages in that book. weight weight of the book. for example, here is a sample request. $ curl 'https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: &jscmd=data&format=json' { "isbn: ": { "publishers": [ { "name": "litwin books" } ], "identifiers": { "google": [ " lqu ywhy kc" ], "lccn": [ " " ], "isbn_ ": [ " " ], "amazon": [ " x" ], "isbn_ ": [ " " ], "oclc": [ " " ], "librarything": [ " " ], "project_gutenberg": [ " " ], "goodreads": [ " " ] }, "classifications": { "dewey_decimal_class": [ " /. " ], "lc_classifications": [ "z .m " ] }, "links": [ { "url": "http://johnmiedema.ca", "title": "author's website" } ], "weight": " grams", "title": "slow reading", "url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/slow_reading", "number_of_pages": , "cover": { "small": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -s.jpg", "large": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -l.jpg", "medium": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -m.jpg" }, "subjects": [ { "url": "https://openlibrary.org/subjects/books_and_reading", "name": "books and reading" }, { "url": "https://openlibrary.org/subjects/reading", "name": "reading" } ], "publish_date": " ", "authors": [ { "url": "https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/john_miedema", "name": "john miedema" } ], "excerpts": [ { "comment": "test purposes", "text": "test first page" } ], "publish_places": [ { "name": "duluth, minn" } ] } } jscmd=details when jscmd=details is passed, additional details are provided in addition to the info provided by viewapi. the provided details are same as the data provided by the restful api. it is advised to use jscmd=data instead of this as that is more stable format. $ curl 'https://openlibrary.org/api/books?bibkeys=isbn: &jscmd=details&format=json' { "isbn: ": { "info_url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/slow_reading", "bib_key": "isbn: ", "preview_url": "https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/slow_reading", "thumbnail_url": "https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/ -s.jpg", "preview": "noview", "details": { "number_of_pages": , "table_of_contents": [ { "title": "the personal nature of slow reading", "type": { "key": "/type/toc_item" }, "level": }, { "title": "slow reading in an information ecology", "type": { "key": "/type/toc_item" }, "level": }, { "title": "the slow movement and slow reading", "type": { "key": "/type/toc_item" }, "level": }, { "title": "the psychology of slow reading", "type": { "key": "/type/toc_item" }, "level": }, { "title": "the practice of slow reading.", "type": { "key": "/type/toc_item" }, "level": } ], "weight": " grams", "covers": [ ], "lc_classifications": [ "z .m " ], "latest_revision": , "source_records": [ "marc:marc_loc_updates/v .i .records.utf : : ", "marc:marc_loc_updates/v .i .records.utf : : ", "marc:marc_loc_updates/v .i .records.utf : : " ], "title": "slow reading", "languages": [ { "key": "/languages/eng" } ], "subjects": [ "books and reading", "reading" ], "publish_country": "mnu", "by_statement": "by john miedema.", "oclc_numbers": [ " " ], "type": { "key": "/type/edition" }, "physical_dimensions": " x x inches", "revision": , "publishers": [ "litwin books" ], "description": "\"a study of voluntary slow reading from diverse angles\"--provided by publisher.", "physical_format": "paperback", "last_modified": { "type": "/type/datetime", "value": " - - t : : . " }, "key": "/books/ol m", "authors": [ { "name": "john miedema", "key": "/authors/ol a" } ], "publish_places": [ "duluth, minn" ], "pagination": " p.", "classifications": {}, "created": { "type": "/type/datetime", "value": " - - t : : . " }, "lccn": [ " " ], "notes": "includes bibliographical references and index.", "identifiers": { "amazon": [ " x" ], "google": [ " lqu ywhy kc" ], "project_gutenberg": [ " " ], "goodreads": [ " " ], "librarything": [ " " ] }, "isbn_ ": [ " " ], "dewey_decimal_class": [ " /. " ], "isbn_ ": [ " " ], "publish_date": " ", "works": [ { "key": "/works/ol w" } ] } } } earlier these details were provided when details=true parameter is passed. it is equivalent to jscmd=details and it is retained only for backward-compataibilty. history 	created october , 	 revisions 	september , 	 edited by mek 	 documented other json endpoints 	october , 	 edited by anand chitipothu 	 changed all urls in example and response to https. 	november , 	 edited by anand chitipothu 	 edited without comment. 	september , 	 edited by mikemccabe 	 typo 	october , 	 created by anand chitipothu 	 ol books api open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b catmandu catmandu 	catmandu . on may th , nicolas steenlant (our main developer and guru of catmandu) released version . of our catmandu toolkit with some very interesting new features. the main addition is a brand new way how catmandu fix-es can be implemented using the new catmandu::path implementation. this coding by nicolas will make it much easier and [&# ;] 	lpw : &# ;contrarian perl&# ; &# ; tom hukins at : , tom hukins shares his enthusiasm for catmandu! 	introducing filestores catmandu is always our tool of choice when working with structured data. using the elasticsearch or mongodb catmandu::store-s it is quite trivial to store and retrieve metadata records. storing and retrieving a yaml, json (and by extension xml, marc, csv,&# ;) files can be as easy as the commands below: $ catmandu import yaml to database [&# ;] 	catmandu . catmandu . has been released to with some nice new features. there are some new fix routines that were asked by our community: error the &# ;error&# ; fix stops immediately the execution of the fix script and throws an error. use this to abort the processing of a data stream: $ cat myfix.fix unless exists(id)     error("no [&# ;] 	metadata analysis at the command-line i was last week at the elag  conference in copenhagen and attended the excellent workshop by christina harlow  of cornell university on migrating digital collections metadata to rdf and fedora . one of the important steps required to migrate and model data to rdf is understanding what your data is about. probably old systems need to [&# ;] 	catmandu . catmandu . has been released today. there has been some speed improvements processing fixes due to switching from the data::util to the ref::util package which has better a support on many perl platforms. for the command line there is now support for preprocessing  fix scripts. this means, one can read in variables from the command line into [&# ;] 	parallel processing with catmandu in this blog post i&# ;ll show a technique to scale out your data processing with catmandu. all catmandu scripts use a single process, in a single thread. this means that if you need to process times as much data , you need times at much time. running a catmandu convert command with the [&# ;] 	catmandu . after years of programming, minor releases we are finally there: the release of catmandu . ! we have pushed the test coverage of the code to . % and added and cleaned a lot of our documentation. for the new features read our changes file. a few important changes should be noted. &# ; &# ; by default [&# ;] 	catmandu chat on friday june : cest, we&# ;ll  provide a one hour introduction/demo into processing data with catmandu. if you are interested, join us on the event page: https://plus.google.com/hangouts/_/event/c jcknos egjlthk m btha o more instructions on the exact google hangout coordinates for this chat will follow on this web page at friday june : . to enter the chat session, [&# ;] 	matching authors against viaf identities at ghent university library we enrich catalog records with viaf identities to enhance the search experience in the catalog. when searching for all the books about &# ;chekov&# ; we want to match all name variants of this author. consult viaf http://viaf.org/viaf/ /#chekhov,_anton_pavlovich,_ -  and you will see many of them. chekhov Čehov tsjechof txékhov etc any of the these names variants can be [&# ;] digital technologies projects digital technologies projects brown university library 	bundler . . and homeless accounts this week we upgraded a couple of our applications to ruby . and bundler . . and one of the changes that we noticed was that bundler was complaining about not being able to write to the /opt/local directory. turns out this problem shows up because the account that we use to run our application is &# ; continue reading bundler . . and homeless accounts 	upgrading from solr to solr a few weeks ago we upgraded the version of solr that we use in our discovery layer, we went from solr . to solr . . although we have been using solr .x in other areas of the library this was a significant upgrade for us because searching is the raison d&# ;être of our discovery layer &# ; continue reading upgrading from solr to solr 	pypi packages recently, we published two python packages to pypi: bdrxml and bdrcmodels. no one else is using those packages, as far as i know, and it takes some effort to put them up there, but there are benefits from publishing them. putting a package on pypi makes it easier for other code we package up to &# ; continue reading pypi packages 	new riamco website a few days ago we released a new version of the rhode island archival and manuscript collections online (riamco) website. the new version is a brand new codebase. this post describes a few of the new features that we implemented as part of the rewrite and how we designed the system to support them. the &# ; continue reading new riamco website 	deploying with shiv i recently watched a talk called &# ;containerless django &# ; deploying without docker&# ;, by peter baumgartner. peter lists some benefits of docker: that it gives you a pipeline for getting code tested and deployed, the container adds some security to the app, state can be isolated in the container, and it lets you run the exact &# ; continue reading deploying with shiv 	checksums in the bdr, we calculate checksums automatically on ingest (fedora provides that functionality for us), so all new content binaries going into the bdr get a checksum, which we can go back and check later as needed. we can also pass checksums into the bdr api, and then we verify that fedora calculates the &# ; continue reading checksums 	exporting django data we recently had a couple cases where we wanted to dump the data out of a django database. in the first case (&# ;tracker&# ;), we were shutting down a legacy application, but needed to preserve the data in a different form for users. in the second case (&# ;deposits&# ;), we were backing up some obsolete data before &# ; continue reading exporting django data 	searching for hierarchical data in solr recently i had to index a dataset into solr in which the original items had a hierarchical relationship among them. in processing this data i took some time to look into the ancestor_path and descendent_path features that solr provides out of the box and see if and how they could help to issue searches based &# ; continue reading searching for hierarchical data in solr 	monitoring passenger’s requests in queue over time as i mentioned in a previous post we use phusion passenger as the application server to host our ruby applications. a while ago upon the recommendation of my coworker ben cail i created a cron job that calls passenger-status every minutes to log the status of passenger in our servers.  below is a sample &# ; continue reading monitoring passenger&# ;s requests in queue over time 	looking at the oxford common filesystem layout (ocfl) currently, the bdr contains about tb of content. the storage layer is fedora , and the data is stored internally by fedora (instead of being stored externally). however, fedora is end-of-life. this means that we either maintain it ourselves, or migrate to something else. however, we don&# ;t want to migrate tb, and then have &# ; continue reading looking at the oxford common filesystem layout (ocfl) osf | lop matrix osf home 	osfhome 	osfpreprints 	osfregistries 	osfmeetings 	osfinstitutions toggle navigation 	search 	 support 	donate 	 sign up sign in toggle navigation component navigation 	 	 lop matrix 	 files 	 wiki 	analytics 	registrations links to this project 	title	authors	 	 close × select:  make all public  |  make all private loading projects and components... 	 	 back cancel confirm continue confirm continue confirm levels of digital preservation  / lop matrix . kb public   	 fork this project 	 duplicate template 	 view forks ( ) 	 bookmark remove from bookmarks 	 share 	 log in to request access contributors: 	 carol kussmann 	 national digital stewardship alliance (ndsa) 	 wayne graham 	 winston atkins 	 aliya reich 	 paige walker date created: | last updated: : doi | ark creating doi. please wait... create doi category: analysis description: this is the levels of preservation matrix with two viewing options as well as translations in french, portuguese, spanish, and turkish. license: cc-by attribution . international link other osf projects search all projects search my projects 	projects 	registrations results: all projects results: my projects results: all registrations results: my registrations 	 		 	 done files loading files... citation loading citations... apa mla chicago get more citations cite as: cancel remove save recent activity loading logs... osf 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					 						together we get things done. 						get involved 					 				 					 					 				 						privacy statement & cookies 	copyright liber 				 			 			 	 	 	 ‘words matter’: why the uc berkeley library is embracing another term for ‘illegal aliens’ | uc berkeley library news skip to main content 	 	 	 	 		 home page 		 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 news 	 	 	 	 		 			search 			 		 		 			menu 			 		 	 	 more news 	 library stories 	 library update 	 about library news 	 library home enter search terms: 	 		 			share 		 		 			 			 			facebook 			twitter 			linkedin 			reddit email print 		 	 ‘words matter’: why the uc berkeley library is embracing another term for ‘illegal aliens’ tor haugan november , the way libraries’ materials are discovered have changed throughout the years — and so have the terms used to describe them. (photo by violet carter for the uc berkeley library) editor’s note: this article contains terms that, while offensive, are included to provide historical context. gisèle tanasse’s class visits come with an apology. when she’s introducing students to the uc berkeley library, and helping them sift through its collections using the online catalog, she warns them about what they might find. tanasse “you’re going to see some things that are really othering and problematic,” says tanasse, berkeley’s film and media services librarian, recalling her message to students during a pre-pandemic interview at moffitt library’s media resources center. “and i’m sorry.” the “things” tanasse is referring to aren’t controversial films or antiquated tomes in the library’s collections. they’re subject headings, woven into the library’s catalog itself. subject headings usually exist outside of the realm of dinner-table banter, often confined to discussions among library folk. but in recent years, the heading “illegal aliens” and its ilk shot to national attention. after a hard-fought (and ultimately unsuccessful) war of the words started by students at dartmouth college, which would have changed subject headings used by libraries across the country, the uc berkeley library saw an opportunity to act. along with other institutions nationwide, the library has adopted alternatives to the controversial heading — a step toward greater inclusion. what’s in a name? if the topic of subject headings seems wonky and in-the-weeds, that’s because it is. but subject headings are also incredibly important and powerful, bundling materials by topic within and across libraries, and opening up worlds of information that otherwise may have slipped through the cracks. “a keyword search, which a lot of students might think to do first, will maybe bring up something from the title, the author, something like that,” says jean dickinson, the library’s slavic cataloger, who serves on the library’s cataloging and metadata group that developed the proposal to introduce the new subject headings. “but what if the title is called the bluest eye, so you don’t know what it’s about?” “is it a novel? is it an optometry text? is it something about color? fashion? you don’t know,” adds randal brandt, head of cataloging at the bancroft library, who is also a part of the cataloging and metadata group. if you are in the thick of researching, say, african americans in fiction, searching by subject heading can quickly help you find what you need. meaning the bluest eye, toni morrison’s debut novel — and other relevant works, no matter how obscure their titles — would pop up in your results. but where do subject headings come from? based in washington, d.c., the library of congress is america’s de facto national library. and its long list of subject headings — from “absentee voting” to “zydeco music” — serves as the authoritative standard for catalogers in libraries across the country, including at uc berkeley. these subject headings establish a “controlled vocabulary,” with obvious benefits. as terms inevitably change — “aeroplanes” becomes “airplanes,” for example — materials across history on the topic will remain united under a common heading. and because most libraries around the country use the same list of subject headings, with some local variations, researchers can swiftly search by topic from library to library with relative ease. edwards “that’s kind of the beauty of it,” says susan edwards, social welfare librarian and head of the library’s social sciences division, who started the effort to adopt alternatives to the “illegal aliens” heading at berkeley. “but the problem with it is it’s incredibly vulnerable to the bias of the times.” over time, subject headings can shift and evolve, reflecting how the world and the words we use change around us. for example, “negroes,” a subject heading used by the library of congress through much of the th century, changed to “blacks” in the s. “blacks” — still used when referring to people of african descent who aren’t american citizens — split off into “afro-americans” in the s, which was replaced by “african americans” in . subject headings can be slow to change, and some terms — though once widely favored — now resemble linguistic time capsules, vestiges of days long past. add “illegal aliens” to the list of subject headings that are in dire need of an update, critics say. “illegal aliens” as a library of congress subject heading dates back to , when it was revised from “aliens, illegal,” which was established in . the term “illegal aliens” has been condemned as dehumanizing and offensive by human rights groups, politicians, and many others, who say it marginalizes people who have entered the country illegally — including hundreds of thousands who arrived in the u.s. through no choice of their own. with help from librarians — and with buy-in from the american library association — the grassroots effort to drop “illegal aliens” from the library of congress’ subject headings wound its way to the halls of congress, only to be thwarted by conservative lawmakers. the pushback was unprecedented: never before has congress intervened in the routine, and decidedly mundane, process of updating library of congress subject headings. (the effort, sparked by students at dartmouth, was chronicled in the documentary change the subject, screened as part of berkeley’s documentaries at doe series.) for now, the library of congress’ subject heading remains unchanged. but in the meantime, libraries across the country — including at the university of colorado boulder, cal state, and yale university — have taken matters into their own hands. like some other libraries, berkeley didn’t scrub “illegal aliens” from its catalog altogether — that likely won’t happen until the library of congress makes the change once and for all. instead, the library’s it team layered “undocumented immigrants” into the , -plus records with some version of the “illegal aliens” subject heading. “it’s not the ideal solution,” brandt says. “we hope this is temporary. we hope this is a stopgap measure.” but for tanasse, with the unenviable task of warning students about the biases that reside within the library’s catalog, “it’s a step in the right direction.” soon, the library might take a bigger leap. recent police killings of black people have set off waves of protests and discussions around the globe, including frank conversations at the library and a vow to take action. for its part, the library’s cataloging & metadata council — the group that developed the proposal for the “undocumented immigrants” heading — has officially taken up the effort to make language in the library’s catalog more inclusive and respectful. “the uc berkeley library is committed to ensuring inclusion and sensitivity around access and discovery of its collection,” says jo anne newyear ramirez, associate university librarian for scholarly resources and interim co-chair of the council. “we will continue to assess and adapt how we describe our collections and resources, to ensure that care, consideration, and inclusion are reflected across our library’s collections.” expecting library patrons to use antiquated and, at times, offensive terms when searching the catalog is, in some ways, “insulting,” she says. “i just feel like we need to adapt to the times,” she adds. ‘no person is illegal’ for lillian castillo-speed, head librarian and chicano studies librarian at the ethnic studies library, adopting the new subject heading “just made sense.” castillo-speed “i know it’s … a bumper sticker kind of thing, but no person is illegal,” she says. inclusion has been baked into the ethnic studies library’s mission from the very start. concerned by the lack of diverse perspectives in campus libraries, berkeley students in the late ’ s began collecting materials representing voices from their communities, forming the basis of the asian american studies library, the chicano studies library, and the native american studies library. in , those libraries merged to become the ethnic studies library, whose legacy of inclusion flourishes today. “you have very impressionable (students), straight out of high school,” says robert toyama, cataloging coordinator at the ethnic studies library. “many of them come from communities in which they’ve never seen a person of color, for example, or a gay, lesbian, or transgender individual. .… i think it’s very important, particularly at a young age, to familiarize them with the proper terms.” still, pundits and politicians — including president donald trump — throw around the term “illegal aliens” and paint a bleak (and often inaccurate) picture of the economic and public safety threat immigrants pose. given that, the library’s new subject heading might feel insignificant — like a drop in the bucket, or the ocean. but for the university’s community, including the more than undocumented students who study at berkeley, it could send a simple but powerful message: you are welcome here. when it comes to belonging and inclusion, “words matter,” edwards says. and even at a time when so many problems can feel intractable, this is an area where the library, and librarians, can make a difference. “there’s something about working where you are,” she says. “and this is where we are. “this is what we can do.” dig deeper . . . library prize paper examines blackface in the internet age welcome to the uc berkeley library! here’s what you need to know. open access study reveals long impact of redlining q&a: award-winning librarians on their work, ‘extreme sports’ copyright © the regents of the university of california. all rights reserved. except where otherwise noted, this work is subject to a creative commons attribution-noncommercial . license. join our mailing list! email address: uc berkeley library facebook page uc berkeley library twitter feed uc berkeley library youtube channel uc berkeley library instagram feed 	 new world water, a song by mos def on spotify we and our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. by using our website and our services, you agree to our use of cookies as described in our cookie policy. × this browser doesn't support spotify web player. switch browsers or download spotify for your desktop. new world water by mos def • song, : play on spotify 	 . new world water : : featured on black on both sides more by mos def 	 true magic 	 true magic 	 the new danger 	 the new danger 	 mos def - live at benaroya hall more mos def listen to mos def now. listen to mos def in full in the spotify app play on spotify	 © © rawkus entertainment llc 	 ℗ ℗ rawkus entertainment llc legal privacy cookies about ads to play this content, you'll need the spotify app. get spotify open spotify you look like someone who appreciates good music. listen to all your favourite artists on any device for free or try the premium trial. play on spotify lita blog lita blog empowering libraries through technology 	jobs in information technology: august , new this week coordinator of digital scholarship and programs, marquette university libraries, milwaukee wi digital scholarship coordinator, unc charlotte, charlotte, nc visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: august , new this week information systems manager (pdf), the community library association, ketchum, id children&# ;s librarian, buhl public library, buhl, id technology integration librarian, drexel university libraries, philadelphia, pa visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	your core community update much has been happening behind-the-scenes to prepare for core’s upcoming launch on september st, so we want to update you on the progress we’ve made. at the ala virtual conference council meetings, the ala council approved the creation of core, so we’re official! it’s been a difficult summer for everyone given the global situation, but this was a milestone we’re excited to reach. what we’ve been doing in may, the core transition committee (the division presidents plus senior staff) formed working groups of members from all divisions to make recommendations about how to proceed with our awards/scholarships, budget/finance, committees, communications, conference programming, continuing education, fundraising/sponsorships, interest groups, member engagement, nominations for president-elect, publications, and standards. these groups have done an amazing amount of work in a very short time period, and we’re grateful to these members for their commitment and effort. we’re happy to report... 	free lita webinar ~ library tech response to covid- ~ august th sign up for this free lita webinar: library tech response to covid- libraries are taking the necessary precautions to create a safe environment during the pandemic. social distancing isn’t the only solution, but providing access to loanable technologies, including handling and quarantine of equipment, cleaning, and other safety and health concerns are just some of the measures put in place. with the ongoing disruption to library services caused by covid- , what reopening planning policies should be considered for usage? in this free -minute presentation, our presenters will share tips that might be helpful to other librarians before they reopen. the presenters will also talk about the&# ;evolution of the phased plan from the establishment of a temporary computer lab in the library as covid- began to spread in march , to the current phased approach for gradual reopening. justin will also offer insight into managed access, technology and services, workflows, messaging,... 	jobs in information technology: july , new this week library director, walpole town library, walpole, nh visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	core call for ala annual program proposals submit an ala annual conference program proposal for ala’s newest division, core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, which will begin on september , . proposals are due september , , and you don’t need to be a core member to submit a proposal. submit your idea using this proposal form. core welcomes topics of interest to a wide range of library professionals in many different areas, including… . access and equity advocacy in areas such as copyright, equity of access, open access, net neutrality, and privacy preservation week equity, diversity, and inclusion, both within the division and the profession, as related to core’s subject areas . assessment emphasizing the role of assessment in demonstrating the impacts of libraries or library services assessment tools, methods, guidelines, standards, and policies and procedures . leadership and management developing leaders at every level best practices for inclusion by using an equity lens to examine leadership... 	core call for webinar proposals submit a webinar proposal for ala’s newest division, core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, which will begin on september , . proposals are due september , , and you don’t need to be a core member to submit a proposal. early submissions are encouraged and will be considered for september and october presentations. submit your idea using this proposal form. core webinars reach a wide range of library professionals in many different areas, including… .&# ;access and equity advocacy in areas such as copyright, equity of access, open access, net neutrality, and privacy preservation week equity, diversity, and inclusion, both within the division and the profession, as related to core’s subject areas .&# ;assessment emphasizing the role of assessment in demonstrating the impacts of libraries or library services assessment tools, methods, guidelines, standards, and policies and procedures .&# ;leadership developing leaders at every level best practices for inclusion by using an equity lens to examine... 	core virtual forum is excited to announce our keynote speakers! core virtual forum welcomes our keynote speakers, dr. meredith d. clark and sofia leung! both speakers embody our theme in leading through their ideas and are catalysts for change to empower our community and move the library profession forward. dr. clark is a journalist and assistant professor in media studies at the university of virginia. she is academic lead for documenting the now ii, funded by the andrew w. mellon foundation. dr. clark develops new scholarship on teaching students about digital archiving and community-based archives from a media studies perspective. she will be a - fellow with data &# ; society. she is a faculty affiliate at the center on digital culture and society at the university of pennsylvania. and, she sits on the advisory boards for project information literacy, and for the center for critical race and digital studies at new york university. clark is an in-demand media consultant... 	catch up on the june issue of information technology and libraries the june issue of information technology and libraries (ital) was published on june . editor ken varnum and lita president emily morton-owens reflect on the past three months in their letter from the editor, a blank page, and lita president’s message, a framework for member success, respectively. kevin ford is the author of this issue’s “editorial board thoughts” column, seeing through vocabularies. rounding out our editorial section, the june “public libraries leading the way” section offers two items. chuck mcandrew of the lebanon (new hampshire) public libraries describes his leadership in the imls-funded libraryvpn project. melody friedenthal, of the worcester (massachusetts) public library talks about how she approached and teaches an intro to coding using python course. peer-reviewed content virtual reality as a tool for student orientation in distance education programs: a study of new library and information science students dr. sandra valenti, brady lund, ting wang virtual reality... 	jobs in information technology: july , new this week dean of libraries, san jose state university, san jose, ca deputy library director, city of carlsbad, carlsbad, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: july , new this week web services librarian, chester fritz library, university of north dakota, grand forks, nd visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: june , new this week metadata librarian, librarian i or ii, university of northern british columbia, prince george, british columbia, canada visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: june , new this week information technology librarian,&# ;university of maryland, baltimore county, baltimore, md associate university librarian for research and learning,&# ;columbia university libraries, new york, ny library technology/programmer analyst iii,&# ;virginia beach public library,&# ;virginia beach, va visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	core virtual happy hour social ~ june our joint happy hour social at midwinter was such a success that next week we’re bringing happy hour to you online—and registration is free! we invite members of alcts, lita, and llama to join us on friday, june , : - : pm central time for virtual happy hour networking and/or play with your peers in a game of scattergories.&# ;wear your favorite pop culture t-shirt, bring your best zoom background, grab a beverage, and meet us online for a great time! attendees will automatically be entered to win free registration to attend the core virtual forum.&# ;winner must be present to redeem prize.&# ;registration is required. register now at: bit.ly/ nenprh 	michael carroll awarded lita/christian larew memorial scholarship michael carroll has been selected to receive the &# ;lita/christian larew memorial scholarship ($ , ) sponsored by the library and information technology association (lita) and baker &# ; taylor. this scholarship is for master’s level study, with an emphasis on library technology and/or automation, at a library school program accredited by the american library association. criteria for the scholarship includes previous academic excellence, evidence of leadership potential, and a commitment to a career in library automation and information technology. the larew scholarship committee was impressed by&# ;what michael has already accomplished and look forward to seeing what he will accomplish after graduation in .&# ;michael&# ;has already shown&# ;a strong interest in digitization projects.&# ;he currently manages&# ;a&# ;team of students working with digitization.&# ;previously, he has scanned and cataloged many collections.&# ;he has also assisted the presbyterian historical society&# ;in creating&# ;sustainable processes for digitization.&# ;michael has also shown his willingness and ability to work&# ;with a wide variety of&# ;projects and technologies that span&# ;both&# ;technical&# ;and non-technical&# ;including... 	we are back on twitter friday for #litachat the fourth in this series of #litachats will start on friday, june from - central standard time on twitter. we will be asking you to chat with us about self-care. what are you doing to take care of yourselves during this time? how do you unplug without feeling guilty?&# ; we hope you’ll join us for #litachat and chat about self-care techniques and figuring out how to better take care of ourselves during these tough times. we&# ;re looking forward to hearing from you! join lita on twitter catch up on the last #litachat 	join us for alcts/lita/llama e-forum! please join us for a joint alcts/lita/llama e-forum discussion. it’s free and open to everyone! registration information is at the end of the message, along with subscription management options for existing listserv members. continuing to manage the impact of covid- on libraries june - , moderated by alyse jordan, steven pryor, nicole lewis and rebecca uhl please join us for an e-forum discussion. it’s free and open to everyone! registration information is at the end of the message. each day, discussion begins and ends at: pacific: a.m. – p.m. mountain: a.m. – p.m. central: a.m. – p.m. eastern: a.m. – p.m. over the past several months, covid- has significantly impacted libraries and library technical service units and departments, including requiring staff to work remotely and determining what services they can provide. as states begin to reopen, libraries face challenges as they determine... 	together against racism ala and core are committed to dismantling racism and white supremacy. along with the ala executive board, we endorse the&# ;black caucus of the american library association (bcala)’s may statement&# ;condemning the brutal murder of george floyd at the hands of minneapolis police department officers. in their statement, bcala cites floyd’s death as “the latest in a long line of recent and historical violence against black people in the united states.” not only does core support the sentiments of bcala, we vow to align our values regarding equity, diversity, and inclusion with those of bcala and other organizations that represent marginalized communities within ala. we also stand strong with the asian/pacific american community, which has been the target of xenophobia and racism in the wake of the outbreak of covid- , and support the&# ;asian/pacific american librarians association (apala) and their statement&# ;that, “there is no excuse for discriminatory sentiments and actions towards asians... 	we are back on twitter tomorrow for #litachat are you ready for the next twitter #litachat? join the discussion on friday, may , from - pm central time. we will be asking you to tell us about challenges with working from home. are there things you can’t do and wish you could? are there issues with your home setup in general?&# ;anne pepitone will lead the discussion. we invite you to join us tomorrow to share your experiences and chat with your colleagues. follow lita on twitter catch up on the last #litachat we&# ;re looking forward to hearing from you! -the lita membership development committee 	lita job board analysis report – laura costello (chair, assessment & research) lita assessment & research and diversity & inclusion committees background &# ; data this report comes from a joint analysis conducted by lita&# ;s assessment &# ; research and diversity &# ; inclusion committees in fall . the analysis focused on the new and emerging trends in skills in library technology jobs and the types of positions that are currently in demand. it also touches on trends in diversity and inclusion in job postings and best practices for writing job ads that attract a diverse and talented candidate pool.&# ; the committees were provided with a list of job postings from the lita job board between - . data included the employer information, the position title, the location (city/state) the posting date. some postings also included a short description. the assessment &# ; research committee augmented the dataset with job description, responsibilities, qualifications, and salary information for a % sample of the postings from each year using archival job posting information. committee members also assigned... 	congratulations to dr. jian qin, winner of the lita/oclc kilgour research award dr. jian qin has been selected as the recipient of the &# ;frederick g. kilgour award for research in library and information technology, sponsored by oclc and the library and information technology association (lita). she&# ;is the professor and director at the ischool, syracuse university.&# ;&# ;the kilgour award honors research relevant to the development of information technologies, especially work which shows promise of having a positive and substantive impact on any aspect(s) of the publication, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information, or the processes by which information and data are manipulated and managed. it recognizes a body of work probably spanning years, if not the majority of a career. the winner receives $ , , and a citation. dr. qin’s recent research projects include metadata modeling for gravitational wave research data management and big metadata analytics using genbank metadata records for dna sequences, both with funding from nsf. she also collaborated with a colleague to develop a capability maturity model... 	lita/ala survey of library response to covid- the library and information technology association (lita) and its ala partners are seeking a new round of feedback about the work of libraries as they respond to the covid- crisis, releasing a survey and requesting feedback by : p.m. cdt, monday, may , . please complete the survey by clicking on the following link: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/libraries-respond-to-covid- -may- .&# ; lita and its ala partners know that libraries across the united states are taking unprecedented steps to answer the needs of their communities, and this survey will help build a better understanding of those efforts. lita and its ala partners will use the results to advocate on behalf of libraries at the national level, communicate aggregated results with the public and media, create content and professional development opportunities to address library staff needs, and share some raw, anonymized data elements with state-level staff and library support organizations for their own advocacy needs.&# ; additional information about... 	#coreforum is now a virtual event! join your ala colleagues from across divisions for the forum, which is now a virtual event!&# ; where: in light of the covid- public health crisis, leadership within lita, alcts, and llama made the decision to move the conference online to create a safe, interactive environment accessible for all. what: call for proposals have been extended to friday june , .&# ; when: forum is scheduled november and , how: share your ideas and experiences with library projects by submitting a talk for the inaugural event for core:&# ; https://forum.lita.org/call-for-proposals for more information about the lita, alcts, llama (core) forum, please visit https://forum.lita.org&# ; 	jobs in information technology: may , new this week web services librarian, fairfield university, fairfield, ct visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	wfh? boost your skill set with lita ce! reserve your spot and learn new skills to enhance your career with lita online continuing education offerings. buying strategies for information technologywednesday, may&# ; , , : - : pm central timepresenter:&# ;michael rodriguez, collections strategist at the university of connecticut in this -minute webinar, you’ll learn&# ;best practices, terminology, and concepts for effectively negotiating contracts for the purchase of information technology (it) products and services. view details&# ;and&# ;register here. using images from the internet in a webpage: how to find and citewednesday, june&# ; , , : - : pm central timepresenter:&# ;lauren bryant, priority associate librarian of ray w. howard library in this -minute&# ;webinar, you’ll learn&# ;practical ways&# ;to quickly find and filter creative commons licensed images online, learn how to hyperlink a citation for a website, and&# ;how to use creative&# ;commons images for thumbnails in videos and&# ;how to cite the image in unconventional situations like this. view details&# ;and&# ;register here. troublesome technology trends: bridging the learning dividewednesday, june , , : - : pm... 	may / twitter #litachat last week, anne pepitone kicked off the discussion with zoom virtual backgrounds, shared her favorites, and provided tips on how to use them. the next twitter #litachat will be on friday, may , from - pm central time when we&# ;ll talk about apps that help you work from home. what do you use to help with project management, time management, deadlines, or to just stay focused? we invite you to join us tomorrow to share, learn, and chat about it with your colleagues. follow lita on twitter. we&# ;re looking forward to hearing from you! -the lita membership development committee 	jobs in information technology: april , new this week two associate dean positions, james madison university libraries, harrisonburg, va visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	data privacy while working from home today&# ;s guest post is brought to you by our recent presenter, becky yoose. special thanks to becky for being willing to answer the questions we didn&# ;t have time for during our webinar! hello everyone from your friendly neighborhood library data privacy consultant! we covered a lot of material earlier this month in &# ;a crash course in protecting library data while working from home,&# ; co-sponsored by lita and oif. we had a number of questions during the webinar, some of which were left unanswered at the end. below are three questions in particular that we didn’t get to in the webinar. enjoy! working from home without a web-based ils we don&# ;t have a web-based version of our ils and our county-based it department says they can&# ;t set up remote desktop (something to do with their firewall)… do you have any recommendations on how to advocate for remote desktop? if i have... 	strategies for surviving a staffing crisis library staff are no strangers to budget and staffing reductions. most of us have way too much experience doing more with less, covering unfilled positions, and rigging solutions out of the digital equivalent of chewing gum and bailing wire, because we can’t afford to buy all the tools we need. in the last two years, my department at northern arizona university’s cline library operated with roughly half the usual amount of staff. in this post, i’ll share a few strategies that helped us get through this challenging time. first, a quick introduction. my department, content, discovery &# ; delivery services, includes the digital services unit (formerly library technology services) as well as collection management (including electronic resources management), acquisitions, cataloging, physical processing, interlibrary loan and document delivery, and course reserves. we are a technology-intensive department, both as users and implementers/supporters of technology. here are some of the strategies we used to... 	april / twitter #litachat a lot has changed since we had our last twitter #litachat, core passed and then covid happened. we are all navigating new territory in our jobs and life overall. so we wanted to bring you a weekly set of litachats discussing our shared experiences during these strange times.&# ; the first in this series of litachats will start on friday, april from - pm central standard time. we will be asking you to show us your zoom virtual backgrounds! we know that zoom conferencing has been popular among many workplaces so we thought what would be better than showcasing some of the creative backgrounds everyone has been using. if you don’t have a background no worries, you can share about the best backgrounds you have seen from colleagues. don’t know how to turn on zoom virtual backgrounds? we will cover that too! we hope you’ll join us on twitter for... 	congratulations to samantha grabus, winner of the lita/ex libris student writing award samantha grabus has been selected as the winner of the  student writing award sponsored by ex libris group and the library and information technology association (lita) for her paper titled “evaluating the impact of the long s upon th-century encyclopedia britannica automatic subject metadata generation results.” grabus is a research assistant and phd student at drexel university metadata research center. &# ;this valuable work of original research helps to quantify the scope of a problem that is of interest not only in the field of library and information science, but that also, as grabus notes in her conclusion, could affect research in fields from the digital humanities to the sciences,&# ; said julia bauder, the chair of this year&# ;s selection committee. when notified she had won, grabus remarked, “i am thrilled and honored to receive the lita/ex libris student writing award. i would like to extend my gratitude to the award committee... 	jobs in information technology: april , new this week web and digital scholarship technologies librarian, marquette university libraries, milwaukee, wi ceo / library director, orange county library system, orlando, fl visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	ala lita emerging leaders: inventing a sustainable division in january , the latest cohort of emerging leaders met at ala midwinter to begin their projects. lita sponsored two emerging leaders this year: kelsey flynn, adult services specialist at white oak library, and paige walker, digital collections &# ; preservation librarian at boston college. kelsey and paige are part of emerging leaders group g, &# ;inventing a sustainable division,&# ; in which they’ve been charged with identifying measures that lita can take to improve its fiscal and environmental sustainability. as a first step in their assessment, the group distributed a survey to lita members that will quantify interest in sustainable measures such as virtual conferences and webinars. want to help? complete the survey to give feedback that may shape the direction of our chapter. group g is fortunate to have several other talented library workers on its team:&# ; kristen cooper, plant sciences librarian at university of minnesota tonya ferrell, oer coordinator at... 	latest in lita elearning so much has changed since covid- . online learning is in greater demand and we are working hard to provide you with resources and more professional development opportunities that strengthens the library community. we hope you are well and staying safe. there&# ;s a seat waiting for you. register today! digital inception: building a digital scholarship/humanities curriculum as a subject librarian wednesday, april , : &# ; : p.m. central time presenter: marcela isuster, education and humanities librarian, mcgill university this presentation will guide attendees in building a digital scholarship curriculum from a subject librarian position. it will explore how to identify opportunities, reach out to faculty, and advertise your services. it will also showcase activities, lesson plans, and free tools for digital publication, data mining, text analysis, mapping, a section on finding training opportunities and strategies to support colleagues and create capacity in your institutions. in this -minute webinar, you&# ;ll learn:... 	join us this fall for #coreforum – proposal deadline extended! call for proposals have now been extended to friday, may , . share your&# ;ideas and experiences about library technology, leadership, collections, preservation, assessment, and metadata at the inaugural meeting of core, a joining of lita/alcts/llama. we welcome your session proposal. for more information about the call for proposals and our theme of exploring ideas and making them reality, visit the forum website: https://forum.lita.org&# ; event details november - , baltimore, md renaissance baltimore harborplace hotel covid- planning the lita/alcts/llama forum planning committee is currently evaluating a contingency plan, should the covid- public health crisis impact forum in november. 	core is approved! we’re thrilled to announce that core: leadership, infrastructure, futures is moving forward, thanks to our members. the three existing divisions’ members all voted to approve the bylaws change that will unite alcts, lita, and llama to form core: alcts: % yes lita: % yes llama: % yes the presidents of the three divisions, jennifer bowen, alcts, emily morton-owens, lita, and anne cooper moore, llama, shared the following statement: “we first want to thank our members for supporting core. their belief in this vision, that we can accomplish more together than we can separately, has inspired us, and we look forward to working with all members to build this new and sustainable ala division. we also want to thank the core steering committee, and all the members who were part of project teams, town halls and focus groups. we would not have reached this moment without their incredible work.” ala executive... 	free lita webinar: protect library data while working from home a crash course in protecting library data while working from home presenter: becky yoose, founder / library data privacy consultant, ldh consulting services thursday, april , : &# ; : pm central time there’s a seat waiting for you…&# ;register for this free lita webinar today! libraries across the u.s. rapidly closed their doors to both public and staff in the last two weeks, leaving many staff to work from home. several library workers might be working from home for the first time in their current positions, while many others were not fully prepared to switch over to remote work in a matter of days, or even hours, before the library closed. in the rush to migrate library workers to remote work and to migrate physical library programs and services to online, data privacy and security sometimes gets lost in the mix. unfamiliar settings, new routines, and increased reliance on vendor... 	jobs in information technology: march , new this week head of library technology services, east carolina university, greenville, nc visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	march ital issue now available the march issue of information technology and libraries (ital) is available now. in this issue, ital editor ken varnum shares his support of lita, alcts, and llama merging to form a new ala division, core. our content includes a message from lita president, emily morton-owens. “a framework for member success,“ morton-owens discusses the current challenges of lita as a membership organization and reinvention being the key to survival. also in this edition, laurie willis discusses the pros and cons of handling major projects in-house versus hiring a vendor in &# ;tackling big projects.&# ; sheryl cormicle knox and trenton smiley discuss using digital tactics as a cost-effective way to increase marketing reach in &# ;google us!&# ; featured articles: “user experience methods and maturity in academic libraries,” scott w. h. young, zoe chao, and adam chandler this article presents a mixed-methods study of the methods and maturity of user experience (ux) practice in... 	learn how to build your own digital scholarship/humanities curriculum with this lita webinar are you a subject librarian interested in building digital scholarships? join us for the upcoming webinar &# ;digital inception: building a digital scholarship/humanities curriculum as a subject librarian,&# ; on wednesday, april , from : &# ; : pm cst.  digital scholarship is gaining momentum in academia. what started as a humanities movement is now present in most disciplines. introducing digital scholarship to students can benefit them in multiple ways: it helps them interact with new trends in scholarship, appeals to different kinds of learners, helps them develop new and emerging literacies, and gives them the opportunity to be creative. this -minute&# ;presentation will guide attendees in building a digital scholarship curriculum from a subject librarian position. it will explore how to identify opportunities, reach out to faculty, and advertise your services. it will also showcase activities, lesson plans, and free tools for digital publication, data mining, text analysis, mapping, etc. finally, the presentation will... 	jobs in information technology: march , new this week project manager for resource sharing initiatives,&# ;harvard university,&# ;cambridge, ma research data services librarian,&# ;university of kentucky libraries,&# ;lexington, ky digital archivist,&# ;rice university, fondren library,&# ;houston, tx associate director, technical services,&# ;yale university,&# ;new haven, ct visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	congratulations to alison macrina, winner of the lita/library hi tech award the lita/library hi tech awards committee is pleased to select alison macrina as the recipient of the lita/library hi-tech award. macrina led the tor relay initiative in new hampshire, is the founder and executive director of the library freedom project, and has written and taught extensively in the areas of digital privacy, surveillance, and user anonymity in the context of libraries and librarianship. in this role, macrina was instrumental in creating the library freedom institute, which trained its first cohort in and will train its third cohort in . macrina has also spoken on digital privacy and the work of the library freedom project across the united states and published&# ;anonymity, the first book in ala&# ;s library futures series, in . the committee was fortunate to receive several outstanding nominations for the award. macrina stood out in this strong pool of candidates for the broad reach and impact... 	nominate yourself or someone you know for the next lita top tech trends panel of speakers lita is looking for dynamic speakers with knowledge about the top trends in technology and how they intersect with information security and privacy. library technology is quickly evolving with trends such as vr, cloud computing and ai. as library technology continues to impact our profession and those that we serve, security and privacy are quickly becoming top concerns. we hope this panel will provide insight and information about these technology trends for you to discuss within your own organization. if you or someone you know would be a great fit for this exciting panel, please submit your nomination today.&# ;&# ; submit your nominations – the deadline is april , . the session is planned for sunday, june , , : – : pm, at the ala annual conference in chicago, il. a moderator and several panelists will each discuss trends impacting libraries, ideas for use cases, and practical approaches for... 	jobs in information technology: march , new this week wilson distinguished professorship, university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc coordinator of library technical services, berea college, berea, ky ui/ux designer, university of rochester libraries, rochester, ny technical support and hardware specialist &# ; openings, st. lawrence university, canton, ny ​​​​​​​software engineer, library systems, stanford health care, palo alto, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	hebah emara is our - lita/oclc spectrum scholar lita and oclc are funding hebah emara&# ;s participation in the ala spectrum scholars program as part of their commitment to help diversify the library technology field. emara&# ;is a second year distance student at the university of missouri – columbia school of information science and learning technologies mlis program. she is interested in the ways libraries and technology intersect. her background in it and love of learning about technology, computers, and programming drew her to working in library technology. libraries’ ability to bridge the digital divide and their use of technology to provide opportunities to their communities and solve problems are also of particular interest to emara. her decision to apply to the spectrum scholarship was fueled by a desire to learn from a community of peers and mentors.&# ; emara&# ;is currently the co-chair of a tech unconference to be held in april and organized by mentornj in collaboration with the... 	share your ideas and library projects by submitting a session proposal for the forum! forum call for proposals submission deadline: march , november - , baltimore, maryland renaissance baltimore harborplace hotel do you have an idea or project that you would like to share? does your library have a creative or inventive solution to a common problem? submit a proposal for the lita/alcts/llama forum! submission deadline is march th. our library community is rich in ideas and shared experiences. the forum theme embodies our purpose to share knowledge and gain new insights by exploring ideas through an interactive, hands-on experience. we hope that this forum can be an inspiration to share, finish, and be a catalyst to implement ideas… together. we invite those who choose to lead through their ideas to submit proposals for&# ;sessions or preconference workshops, as well as&# ;nominate keynote speakers. this is an opportunity to share your ideas or unfinished work, inciting collaboration and advancing the library profession... 	early-bird registration for the exchange ends in three days! the march early-bird registration deadline for the exchange is approaching. register today and save! there&# ;s still time to register for the exchange at a discount, with early-bird registration rates at $ for alcts, lita, and llama members; $ for ala individual members; $ for non-members; $ for student/retired members; $ for groups; and $ for institutions. early-bird registration ends march . taking place may , , and , the exchange will engage a wide range of presenters and participants, facilitating enriching conversations and learning opportunities in a three-day, fully online, virtual forum. programming includes keynote presentations from emily drabinski and rebekkah smith aldrich, and sessions focusing on leadership and change management, continuity and sustainability, and collaborations and cooperative endeavors. in addition to these sessions, the exchange will offer lightning rounds and virtual poster sessions. for up-to-date details on sessions, be sure to check the exchange website as new information... 	jobs in information technology: february , new this week back end drupal web developer,&# ;multnomah county library, portland, or distance education &# ; outreach librarian,&# ;winona state university,&# ;winona, mn senior systems specialist,&# ;prairiecat, library consortium,&# ;coal valley, il training and outreach coordinator,&# ;prairiecat, library consortium,&# ;coal valley, il visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	deadline extended to march – submit a proposal to teach for lita the deadline to submit lita education proposals has been extended to march th. we&# ;re seeking instructors passionate about library technology topics to share their expertise and teach a webinar, webinar series, or online course for lita this year. instructors receive a $ honorarium for an online course or $ for a webinar, split among instructors. check out our list of current and past course offerings to see what topics have been covered recently. be part of another slate of compelling and useful online education programs this year! submit your lita education proposal today! for questions or comments related to teaching for lita, contact us at lita@ala.org or ( ) - . 	the census starts in two weeks — are your computers ready? post courtesy of gavin baker, ala office of public policy and advocacy, deputy director, public policy and government relations on march , millions of american households will begin receiving mailings inviting them to respond to the census. to get an accurate count, everyone has to respond – if they don’t, our libraries and communities will lose needed funding. as the mailings arrive, patrons may come to your library with questions – and, with a new option to respond online, to complete the questionnaire using the library’s computers or internet. to help you prepare, ala has a new, two-page tip sheet, &# ;libraries and the census: responding to the census,&# ; that provides key dates, options for responding, and advice for libraries preparing for the census. for instance, the tip sheet explains these important facts: ways to respond: households can respond to the census online, by phone, or by mail... 	news regarding the future of lita after the core vote dear lita members, we&# ;re writing about the implications of lita’s budget for the upcoming - fiscal year, which starts september , . we have reviewed the budget and affirmed that lita will need to disband if the core vote does not succeed. since the great recession, membership in professional organizations has been declining consistently. lita has followed the same pattern and as a result, has been running at a deficit for a number of years. each year, lita spends more on staff, events, equipment, software, and supplies than it takes in through memberships and event registrations. we were previously able to close our budgets through the use of our net asset balance which is, in effect, like a nest egg for the division. of course, that could not continue indefinitely. our path towards sustainability has culminated in the proposal to form core: leadership, infrastructure, futures. the new division would come with... 	boards of alcts, lita and llama put core on march ballot the boards of the association for library collections &# ; technical services (alcts), library information technology association (lita) and the library leadership &# ; management association (llama) have all voted unanimously to send to members their recommendation that the divisions form a new division, core: leadership, infrastructure, futures.&# ; alcts, lita and llama will vote on the recommendation during the upcoming american library association (ala) election. if approved by all three memberships, and the ala council, the three long-time divisions will end operations on august , , and merge into core on september . members of the three boards emphasized that core will continue to support the groups in which members currently find their professional homes while also creating new opportunities to work across traditional division lines. it is also envisioned that core would strengthen member engagement efforts and provide new career-support services. if one or more of the division memberships do not... 	jobs in information technology: february , new this week librarian (emphasis in user experience and technology), chabot college, hayward, ca librarian ii (ils admin &# ; tech services), duluth public library, duluth, mn distance education &# ; outreach librarian, winona state university, winona, mn head, digital initiatives &# ; tisch library, tufts university, medford, ma online learning and user experience librarian, ast or asc professor, siu edwardsville, edwardsville, il discovery and systems librarian, hamilton college, clinton, ny visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	early-bird registration ends march st for the exchange with stimulating programming, including discussion forums and virtual poster sessions, the exchange will engage a wide range of presenters and participants, facilitating enriching conversations and learning opportunities in a three-day, fully online, virtual forum. programming includes keynote presentations from emily drabinski and rebekkah smith aldrich, and sessions focusing on leadership and change management, continuity and sustainability, and collaborations and cooperative endeavors. the exchange will take place may , , and . in addition to these sessions, the exchange will offer lightning rounds and virtual poster sessions. for up-to-date details on sessions, be sure to check the exchange website as new information is being added regularly. early-bird registration rates are $ for alcts, lita, and llama members, $ for ala individual members, $ for non-members, $ for student members, $ for groups, and $ for institutions. early-bird registration ends march . want to register your group or institution? groups watching the... 	jobs in information technology: february , new this week upper school librarian (pdf), st. christopher&# ;s school, richmond, va diversity and engagement librarian, ast or asc professor, siu edwardsville, edwardsville, il repository services manager, washington university, saint louis, mo information technology librarian, albin o. kuhn library &# ; gallery (umbc), baltimore, md visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	lita blog call for contributors we&# ;re looking for new contributors for the lita blog! do you have just a single idea for a post or a series of posts? no problem! we&# ;re always looking for guest contributors with new ideas. do you have thoughts and ideas about technology in libraries that you&# ;d like to share with lita members? apply to be a regular contributor! if you&# ;re a member of lita, consider either becoming a regular contributor for the next year or submitting a post or two as a guest. apply today! 	learn the latest in library ux with this lita webinar there’s a seat waiting for you… register for this lita webinar today! how to talk about library ux &# ; redux presenter: michael schofield librarian / director of engineering, whereby.us wednesday, march , : – : pm central time the last time we did this webinar was in &# ; and a lot&# ;s changed. the goal then was to help establish some practical benchmarks for how to think about the user experience and ux design in libraries, which suffered from a lack of useful vocabulary and concepts: while we might be able to evangelize the importance of ux, libuxers struggled with translating their championship into the kinds of bureaucratic goals that unlocked real budget for our initiatives. it&# ;s one thing to say, &# ;the patron experience is critical!&# ; it&# ;s another thing to say, &# ;the experience is critical &# ; so pay for optimalworkshop, or hire a ux librarian, or give me a... 	joint working group on ebooks and digital content in libraries john klima, the lita representative to the working group on ebooks and digital content, recently agreed to an interview about the latest update from ala midwinter . watch the blog for more updates from john about the working group in the coming months! what is the mission and purpose of the working group on ebooks and digital content? quoting from the minutes of the ala executive board fall meeting in october of : [the purpose of this working group is] to address library concerns with publishers and content providers specifically to develop a variety of digital content license models that will allow libraries to provide content more effectively, allowing options to choose between one-at-a-time, metered, and other options to be made at point of sale; to make all content available in print and for which digital variants have been created to make the digital content equally available to libraries without... 	 forum call for proposals lita, alcts and llama are now accepting proposals for the forum, november - at the renaissance baltimore harborplace hotel in baltimore, md. intention and serendipity: exploration of ideas through purposeful and chance connections submission deadline: march , our library community is rich in ideas and shared experiences. the forum theme embodies our purpose to share knowledge and gain new insights by exploring ideas through an interactive, hands-on experience. we hope that this forum can be an inspiration to share, finish, and be a catalyst to implement ideas…together. we invite those who choose to lead through their ideas to submit proposals for&# ;sessions or preconference workshops, as well as&# ;nominate keynote speakers. this is an opportunity to share your ideas or unfinished work, inciting collaboration and advancing the library profession forward through meaningful dialogue. we encourage diversity in presenters from a wide range of background, libraries, and experiences. we deliberately... 	lita announces the excellence in children’s and young adult science fiction notable lists the lita committee recognizing excellence in children’s and young adult science fiction presents the excellence in children’s and young adult science fiction notable lists. the lists are composed of notable children’s and young adult science fiction published between november and october and organized into three age-appropriate categories. the annotated lists will be posted on the website at&# ;www.sfnotables.org. the golden duck notable picture books list is selected from books intended for pre-school children and very early readers, up to years old. recognition is given to the author and the illustrator: field trip to the moon by john hare. margaret ferguson books hello by aiko ikegami. creston books how to be on the moon by viviane schwarz. candlewick press out there by tom sullivan. balzer + bray the babysitter from another planet by stephen savage. neal porter books the space walk by brian biggs. dial books for young... 	jobs in information technology: february , new this week (tenure-track) senior assistant librarian, sonoma state universityrohnert park, ca data services librarian for the sciences, harvard universitycambridge, ma visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	teach for lita: submit proposals by february reminder: the deadline to submit lita education proposals is february th. please share our cfp with your colleagues. we are seeking instructors passionate about library technology topics to share their expertise and teach a webinar, webinar series, or online course for lita this year. all topics related to the intersection of technology and libraries are welcomed, including: machine learning it project management data visualization javascript, including: jquery, json, d .js library-related apis change management in technology big data, high performance computing python, r, github, openrefine, and other programming/coding topics in a library context supporting digital scholarship/humanities virtual and augmented reality linked data implementation or participation in open source technologies or communities open educational resources, creating and providing access to open ebooks and other educational materials managing technology training diversity/inclusion and technology accessibility issues and library technology technology in special libraries ethics of library technology (e.g., privacy concerns, social justice implications) library/learning management... 	jobs in information technology: january , new this week stem, instruction, and assessment librarian,&# ;mcdaniel college, westminster, md data science/analysis research librarian,&# ;hamilton college, clinton, ny electronic resources librarian, brown university, providence, ri systems librarian, brown university, providence, ri head, technical services, brown university, providence, ri network and systems administrator,&# ;st. lawrence university, canton, ny visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	emily drabinski, rebekkah smith aldrich to deliver keynotes at the exchange virtual forum the association for library collections and technical services (alcts), the library information technology association (lita) and the library leadership and management association (llama) have announced that emily drabinski and rebekkah smith aldrich will deliver keynote addresses at the exchange virtual forum. the theme for the exchange is &# ;building the future together,&# ; and it will take place on the afternoons of may , and . each day has a different focus, with day exploring leadership and change management; day examining continuity and sustainability; and day focusing on collaborations and cooperative endeavors. drabinski&# ;s keynote will be on may , and smith aldrich&# ;s will be on may .  emily drabinski is the critical pedagogy librarian at mina rees library, graduate center, city university of new york (cuny). she is also the liaison to the school of labor and urban studies and other cuny masters and doctoral programs. drabinski&# ;s research includes... 	jobs in information technology: january , new this week information technology and web services (itws) department head, auraria library, denver, co visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	advice for the new systems librarian – building relationships . advice for the new systems librarian &# ; building relationships, part previous articles in this series: building relationships, helpful resources, a day in the life i am at the two-year mark of being in my role as systems librarian at jacksonville university, and i continue to love what i do. i am working on larger-scale projects and continuing to learn new things every week. there has not been a challenge or new skill to learn yet that i have been afraid of. my first post in this series highlighted groups and departments that may be helpful in learning your new role. now that i’m a little more seasoned, i have had the opportunity to work with even more departments and individuals at my institution on various projects. some of these departments may be unique to me, but i would imagine you would find counterparts where you work. the academic technology... 	jobs in information technology: january , new this week performing and visual arts librarian, butler university, indianapolis, in librarian, the college of lake county, grayslake, il user experience (ux) librarian, unc charlotte, j. murrey atkins library, charlotte, nc southeast asia digital librarian, cornell university, ithaca, ny head of digital infrastructure services at uconn library, university of connecticut, storrs, ct visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	lita education call for proposals for what library technology topics are you passionate about? have something you can help others learn? lita invites you to share your expertise with an international audience! our courses and webinars are based on topics of interest to library technology workers and technology managers at all levels in all types of libraries. taught by experts, they reach beyond physical conferences to bring high quality continuing education to the library world. we deliberately seek and strongly encourage submissions from underrepresented groups, such as women, people of color, the lgbtqa+ community, and people with disabilities. submit a proposal by february th to teach a webinar, webinar series, or online course for winter/spring/summer/fall . all topics related to the intersection of technology and libraries are welcomed, including: machine learning it project management data visualization javascript, including: jquery, json, d .js library-related apis change management in technology big data, high performance computing python, r, github, openrefine,... 	jobs in information technology: january , new this week web services &# ; discovery manager, american university library, washington, dcsenior research librarian, finnegan, washington, dc electronic resources and discovery librarian, auburn university, al ​​​​​​​discovery &# ; systems librarian, california state university, dominguez hills, carson, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	ux “don’ts” we still need from erika hall the second edition of erika hall’s just enough research dropped october ; although this excellent volume was previously unknown to me i am taking the opportunity now to consume, embody, and evangelize hall’s approach to user research. or, as hall might put it, i’m a willing convert to the gospel of “enoughening”. hall is a seasoned design consultant and co-founder of mule design studio but her commercial approach is tempered by a no-nonsense attitude that makes her solutions and suggestions palatable to a small ux team such as my own at indiana university bloomington libraries. rather than conduct a formulaic book review of just enough research, i want to highlight some specific things hall tells the reader not to do in their ux research. this list of five “don’ts” summarize hall’s tone, style, and approach. it will also highlight the thesis of the second edition’s brand new chapter on surveys.... 	jobs in information technology: december , new this week vice provost and university librarian, university of oregon,&# ;eugene, or data migration specialist (telecommuting position), bywater solutions,&# ;remote position research librarian, oak ridge national laboratory, oak ridge, tn visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	announcing the new lita elearning coordinator we are proud to announce that kira litvin will be the new lita elearning coordinator. litvin has been the continuing education coordinator at the colorado school for public health for the past six months. she provides distance/online learning library services and instruction and works regularly with other librarians, instructional designers, faculty, and educators to collaborate on instructional delivery projects. &# ;i am passionate about being a librarian and working with people in an online environment! &# ;for the past nine years i have worked with libraries that are exclusively online. my roles include administering and managing electronic library systems, including springshare products, and providing virtual reference and instruction to students, faculty and staff. more recently i have transitioned to working as an elearning instructional designer which means i design and develop instructional content available for asynchronous learning and professional development. as online learning continues to grow, i believe that libraries need to... 	submit a nomination for awards and scholarships hugh c. atkinson memorial award the award honors the life and accomplishments of hugh c. atkinson by soliciting nominations and recognizing the outstanding accomplishments of an academic librarian who has worked in the areas of library automation or library management and has made contributions (including risk taking) toward the improvement of library services or to library development or research. nomination deadline: january , winner receives a cash award and a plaque. learn more about the requirements for the atkinson memorial award. ex libris student writing award the lita/ex libris student writing award is given for the best unpublished manuscript on a topic in the area of libraries and information technology written by a student or students enrolled in an ala-accredited library and information studies graduate program. application deadline: february , winner receives a $ , cash and a plaque. learn more about the requirements for the ex libris student... 	submit a nomination for the hugh c. atkinson memorial award lita, acrl, alcts, and llama invite nominations for the hugh c. atkinson memorial award. please submit your nominations by january , . the award honors the life and accomplishments of hugh c. atkinson by recognizing the outstanding accomplishments of an academic librarian who has worked in the areas of library automation or library management and has made contributions (including risk taking) toward the improvement of library services or to library development or research. winners receive a cash award and a plaque. this award is funded by an endowment created by divisional, individual, and vendor contributions given in memory of hugh c. atkinson. the nominee must be a librarian employed in one of the following during the year prior to application for this award: university, college, or community college library non-profit consortium, or a consortium comprised of non-profits that provides resources/services/support to&# ; academic libraries the nominee must have a minimum... 	core update – / / greetings again from the steering committee of core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, a proposed division of ala. coming up this friday, december is the last of four town halls we are holding this fall to share information and elicit your input. please join us! register for town hall today. alcts, lita, and llama division staff will lead this town hall with a focus on core’s mission, vision, and values; benefits organizationally; benefits to members; and opportunities in the future. our speakers will be jenny levine (lita executive director), julie reese (alcts deputy executive director), and kerry ward (llama executive director and interim alcts executive director). we’re excited to share an updated core proposal document for ala member feedback and review, strengthened by your input. we invite further comments on this updated proposal through sunday, december . meanwhile, division staff will incorporate your comments and finalize this proposal document for... 	jobs in information technology: december , new this week senior specialist &# ; makerspace,&# ;middle tennessee state university, walker library,&# ;murfreesboro, tn user experience librarian,&# ;auburn university,&# ;auburn university, al visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	announcing the new lita blog editor we are proud to announce that jessica gilbert redman will be the new editor of the&# ;lita&# ;blog.&# ; gilbert redman has been the web services librarian at the university of north dakota for the past three years. she coordinates and writes for the library blog and maintains the library website. she has completed a post-graduate certificate in user experience and always seeks to ensure that end users are able to easily find the information they need to complete their research. additionally, she realizes communication is the key component in any relationship, be it between libraries and their users or between colleagues, and she always strives to make communication easier for all involved. &# ;i am excited to become more involved in lita, and i think the position of lita blog editor is an excellent way to meet more people within lita and ala, and to maintain a finger on the pulse of new... 	jobs in information technology: december , new this week digital discovery librarian/assistant librarian, miami university, oxford, oh visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: november , new this week web and digital scholarship technologies librarian,&# ;marquette university libraries, milwaukee, wi digital access and metadata librarian,&# ;marquette university libraries, milwaukee, wi librarian (san ramon campus),&# ;contra costa community college district,&# ;san ramon, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	support lita scholarships this #givingtuesday it’s almost #givingtuesday, so we’re highlighting the difference that lita scholarships can make, and inviting you to join us in increasing access to lita events by donating to our scholarship fund today. you can help us to provide more scholarships to events like avramcamp and lita forum, as well as sponsor emerging leaders, with your donation today! your donation of $ could open up untold opportunities for other library technology professionals. “the lita scholarship afforded me the opportunity to present at the avramcamp and ala conference. it was an incredible opportunity to network with dozens of information professionals, build connections with people in the field, ask them all of my questions and exchange our technical acumen and job experiences. as a result, i have been offered two interviewing opportunities that were an incredibly valuable experience for my career development. i am very grateful to lita for the opportunity to... 	jobs in information technology: november , new this week metadata specialist iii, metadata services, the new york public library, new york, ny eresources librarian,&# ;university of maryland, baltimore county, baltimore, md multiple librarian positions,&# ;george washington university, washington dc information technology analyst,&# ;san mateo county libraries, san mateo county, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	call for blog coordinator for the exchange: an alcts/lita/llama collaboration the exchange: an alcts/lita/llama collaboration brings together experiences, ideas, expertise, and individuals from the three ala divisions. broadly organized around the theme of “building the future together,” the exchange will examine the topic in relation to collections, leadership, technology, innovation, sustainability, and collaborations. participants from diverse areas of librarianship will find the three days of presentations, panels, and lightning rounds both thought-provoking and highly relevant to their current and future career paths. the exchange will engage a wide range of presenters and participants, facilitating enriching conversations and learning opportunities. divisional members and non-members alike are encouraged to register and bring their questions, experiences, and perspectives to the events. as part of the conference experience, the exchange plans to host regular blog posts in advance of the conference. blog posts will serve multiple purposes: generate excitement and interest in content, encourage participation outside of simply watching presentations, and provide an avenue... 	the exchange call for proposals and informational webinar alcts, lita, and llama are now accepting proposals for the exchange: building the future together, a virtual forum scheduled for may , , and , . the twelve hour virtual event will take place over three afternoons, featuring the following themes and topics: day &# ; leadership and change management day &# ; continuity and sustainability day &# ; collaborations and cooperative endeavors session formats the exchange will feature the following session formats: full-session proposals presenters prepare content for a -minute session, with an additional -minute q&# ;a period for all presenters. full-session proposals may include multiple presentations with content that is topically related. lightning round each participant is given five minutes to give a presentation. at the end of the lightning round, there will be a - -minute q&# ;a period for all presenters in the session. topics for lightning rounds related to innovative projects or research are encouraged. proposals will be... 	registration is now open for the exchange in may , join alcts, lita, and llama for an exciting and engaging virtual forum. registration is now open! &# ; the exchange: an alcts/lita/llama collaboration brings together experiences, ideas, expertise, and individuals from the three ala divisions. broadly organized around the theme of “building the future together,” the exchange will examine the topic in relation to collections, leadership, technology, innovation, sustainability, and collaborations. participants from diverse areas of librarianship will find the three days of presentations, panels, and lightning rounds both thought-provoking and highly relevant to their current and future career paths. the exchange will engage a wide range of presenters and participants, facilitating enriching conversations and learning opportunities. divisional members and non-members alike are encouraged to register and bring their questions, experiences, and perspectives to the events. “building on the rich educational traditions of the three divisions, the exchange provides the opportunity to break down silos and explore synergies... 	core call for comment greetings again from the steering committee of&# ;core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, a proposed division of ala. the steering committee welcomes comments on the&# ;draft division proposal documentation&# ;through november th. please join the conversation! your perspectives and input are shaping the identity and priorities of the proposed division. we’re asking for you to respond to the documents with key questions in mind, including: does this make sense to someone new to alcts/ lita/ llama? does this piece of the plan reflect how members want the new division to function? are there any points that are cause for concern? if you’re interested in helping us in the review process or other work ahead, please&# ;consider volunteering&# ;for&# ;core.&# ;we’re eager to collaborate with you! we’re working hard to ensure everyone can participate in the&# ;core&# ;conversation, so please&# ;let us know&# ;what could make&# ;core&# ;a compelling and worthy division home for you.&# ;keep the feedback and input coming! full details for all our&# ;upcoming events&# ;are... 	lis students: apply for the larew scholarship for tuition help the library and information technology association (lita) and baker &# ; taylor are accepting applications for the lita/christian (chris) larew memorial scholarship for those who plan to follow a career in library and information technology, demonstrate potential leadership, and hold a strong commitment to library automation. the winner will receive a $ , check and a citation.&# ;the application form is open through march , . criteria for the scholarship includes previous academic excellence, evidence of leadership potential, and a commitment to a career in library automation and information technology. candidates should illustrate their qualifications for the scholarships with a statement indicating the nature of their library experience, letters of reference and a personal statement of the applicant’s view of what they can bring to the profession.&# ;winners must have been accepted to&# ;a master of library science (mls) program recognized by the american library association. references, transcripts, and other documents must be postmarked no... 	jobs in information technology: november , new this week full time faculty &# ; non tenure track,&# ;sjsu school of information, san jose, ca digital collections librarian, union college,&# ;schenectady, ny web services librarian,&# ;university of oregon libraries, eugene, or galileo programmer/analyst,&# ;university of georgia libraries, athens, ga visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	lita opens call for innovative lis student writing award for the library and information technology association (lita), a division of the american library association (ala), is pleased to offer an award for the best unpublished manuscript submitted by a student or students enrolled in&# ;an ala-accredited graduate program. sponsored by&# ;lita&# ;and&# ;ex&# ;libris, the award consists of $ , , publication in&# ;lita’s&# ;referred journal,&# ;information technology and libraries (ital), and a certificate. the deadline for submission of the manuscript is february , . the award recognizes superior student writing and is intended to enhance the professional development of students. the manuscript can be written on any aspect of libraries and information technology. examples include, but are not limited to, digital libraries, metadata, authorization and authentication, electronic journals and electronic publishing, open source software, distributed systems and networks, computer security, intellectual property rights, technical standards, desktop applications, online catalogs and bibliographic systems, universal access to technology, and library consortia. to be eligible, applicants must follow&# ;these&# ;guidelines&# ;and fill out&# ;the application form&# ;(pdf).... 	jobs in information technology: november , new this week open educational resources production manager, oregon state university &# ; ecampus, corvallis, or user experience librarian, northwestern university, evanston, il institute for clinical and translational research (ictr) librarian, university of maryland, baltimore, baltimore, md director of collections &# ; access, wheaton college, norton, ma visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	nominate a colleague doing cutting edge work in tech education for the lita library hi tech award nominations are open&# ;for the &# ;lita/library hi tech award, which is given each year to an individual or institution for outstanding achievement in educating the profession about cutting edge technology within the field of library and information technology. sponsored by the&# ;library and information technology association&# ;(lita) and library hi tech, the award includes a citation of merit and a $ , stipend provided by&# ;emerald publishing, publishers of library hi tech. the deadline for nominations is december , . the award, given to either a living individual or an institution, may recognize a single seminal work or a body of work created during or continuing into the five years immediately preceding the award year. the body of work need not be limited to published texts but can include course plans or actual courses and/or non-print publications such as visual media. awards are intended to recognize living persons rather than to honor the deceased; therefore,... 	propose a topic for the ital “public libraries leading the way” column information technology and libraries (ital), the quarterly open-access journal published by ala’s library information technology association, is looking for contributors for its regular “public libraries leading the way” column. this column highlights a technology-based innovation or approach to problem solving from a public library perspective. topics we are interested in include the following, but proposals on any other technology topic are welcome. -d printing and makerspaces civic technology drones diversity, equity, and inclusion and technology privacy and cyber-security virtual and augmented reality artificial intelligence big data internet of things robotics geographic information systems and mapping library analytics and data-driven services anything else related to public libraries and innovations in technology to propose a topic, use this brief form, which will ask you for three pieces of information: your name your email address a brief ( - word) summary of your proposed column that describes your library, the technology you wish to... 	alcts, lita and llama collaborate for virtual forum the association for library collections &# ; technical services (alcts), the library and information technology association (lita) and the library leadership &# ; management association (llama) have collaborated to create the exchange, an interactive, virtual forum designed to bring together experiences, ideas, expertise and individuals from these american library association (ala) divisions. modeled after the alcts exchange, the exchange will be held may , may and may in with the theme “building the future together.” as a fully online interactive forum, the exchange will give participants the opportunity to share the latest research, trends and developments in collections, leadership, technology, innovation, sustainability and collaborations. participants from diverse areas of librarianship will find the three days of presentations, panels and activities both thought-provoking and highly relevant to their current and future career paths. the exchange will engage an array of presenters and participants, facilitating enriching conversations and learning opportunities.... 	submit your annual meeting request by feb the lita meeting request form is now open for the ala annual conference in chicago, il. all lita committee and interest group chairs should use it to let us know if you plan to meet at annual. we&# ;re looking forward to seeing what you have planned. the deadline to submit your meeting request is friday, february , . we&# ;re going to change how we&# ;ve listed meetings in the past. if you do not submit this form, your group will not be included in the list of lita session on our website, the online scheduler, or the print program. while we&# ;ll still hold the joint chairs meeting on saturday from : - : am and use that same room for committee and ig meetings from : - : am, your group will only be listed if you submit this form. you should also use it if you want to request a meeting on a different day... 	submit a nomination for the prestigious kilgour technology research award lita and oclc invite nominations for the frederick g. kilgour award for research in library and information technology. submit your nomination no later than december , . the kilgour research award recognizes research relevant to the development of information technologies, in particular research showing promise of having a positive and substantive impact on any aspect of the publication, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of information or how information and data are manipulated and managed. the winner receives $ , cash, an award citation, and an expense-paid trip (airfare and two nights lodging) to the ala annual conference in chicago, il. nominations will be accepted from any member of the american library association. nominating letters must address how the research is relevant to libraries; is creative in its design or methodology; builds on existing research or enhances potential for future exploration; and/or solves an important current problem in the delivery of... 	core update – october , greetings again from the steering committee of core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, a proposed division of ala. thank you for all of your questions and feedback about the proposed new division!&# ;the steering committee has been revising core documents based on what we’ve heard from you so far in order to share draft bylaws and other information with you soon. we want you to know that we are continuing to listen and incorporate the feedback you’re providing via town halls, twitter chats, the core feedback form, and more.&# ; in our next steering committee meeting, we will be discussing how we can support the operational involvement of interested volunteers. if you have ideas on how members should be involved, please share them with us through&# ;the feedback form.&# ; we’re working hard to ensure everyone can participate in the core conversation, so please&# ;let us know&# ;what could make core a compelling and worthy division home for... 	jobs in information technology: october , new this week metadata &# ; research support specialist, open society research services, open society foundations, new york, ny head of public services in the daniel library, the citadel, the military college of south carolina, charleston, sc engineering and science liaison, mit, cambridge, ma head of technical services &# ; library, the citadel, the military college of south carolina, charleston, sc analyst programmer , oregon state university libraries and press, corvallis, or collection information specialist, isabella stewart gardner museum, boston, ma visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	jobs in information technology: october , new this week metadata librarian for distinctive collections, mit, cambridge, ma electronic access librarian, university of rochester, rochester, ny dean, university libraries, university of northern colorado, greeley, co administrative/metadata specialist, asr international corp., monterey, ca core systems librarian, university of oregon libraries, eugene, or visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. 	september ital issue now available the september issue of information technology and libraries (ital) is available now. in this issue, ital editor ken varnum announces six new members of the ital editorial board. our content includes a recap of emily morton-owens&# ; president&# ;s inaugural message, &# ;sustaining lita&# ;, discussing the many ways lita strives to provide a sustainable member organization. in this edition of our &# ;public libraries leading the way&# ; series, thomas lamanna discusses ways libraries can utilize their current resources and provide ideas on how to maximize effectiveness and roll new technologies into operations in &# ;on educating patrons on privacy and maximizing library resources.&# ; featured articles: &# ;library-authored web content and the need for content strategy,&# ; courtney mcdonald and heidi burkhardt increasingly sophisticated content management systems (cms) allow librarians to publish content via the web and within the private domain of institutional learning management systems. “libraries as publishers”may bring to mind roles in scholarly communication and... 	jobs in information technology: october , new this week information research specialist, harvard business school, boston, ma - library residency program (provost’s postdoctoral fellowship), new york university, division of libraries, new york, ny executive director, library connection, inc, windsor, ct associate university librarian, cornell university, ithaca, ny visit the lita jobs site for additional job listings and information on submitting your own job posting. new vacancy listings are posted on wednesday afternoons. 	latest lita learnings there&# ;s a seat waiting for you&# ; register today for a lita webinar! guiding students through digital citizenship presenter: casey davis instructional designer (it), arizona state university wednesday, october , : &# ; : pm central time as academic librarians, we help build our students into digital citizens.&# ;it&# ;s our duty to make sure students have the tools and resources to be savvy tech users, become information literate, and understand the permanence of their digital actions. in this -minute webinar,&# ;you&# ;ll learn research-based best practices you can implement using the framework of the hero&# ;s journey&# ;without creating an additional burden on faculty, staff, and students. learning objectives for this program include: • an expanded understanding of digital citizenship within the context of college/university life •&# ;examining areas where increased awareness and practice is needed within the college/university community • creating authentic training for increasing digital citizenship within the college/university community view details&# ;and&# ;register here. in-house vs.... where i'm from, a song by jay-z on spotify we and our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. by using our website and our services, you agree to our use of cookies as described in our cookie policy. × this browser doesn't support spotify web player. switch browsers or download spotify for your desktop. where i'm from by jay-z • song, : play on spotify 	 . where i'm from : : featured on in my lifetime vol. more by jay-z 	 : 	 : 	 magna carta... holy grail 	 magna carta... holy grail 	 magna carta... holy grail more jay-z listen to jay-z now. listen to jay-z in full in the spotify app play on spotify	 © © s. carter enterprises, llc., distributed by roc nation 	 ℗ ℗ s. carter enterprises, llc., distributed by roc nation legal privacy cookies about ads to play this content, you'll need the spotify app. get spotify open spotify you look like someone who appreciates good music. listen to all your favourite artists on any device for free or try the premium trial. play on spotify librarian of things librarian of things 	weeknote ( ) § i don&# ;t have much to report in regards to the work i&# ;ve been doing this week. i tried to get our orcid-ojs plugin to work but there is some small strange bug that needs to be squished. luckily, next week i will have the benefit of assistance from the good people of crkn and &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknote ( ) § first off is this recommended read from the november th issue of the new yorker, the rise and fall of getting things done by cal &# ;deep work&# ; newport. as newport himself describes his work, it’s not, however, really about david allen’s productivity system, which longtime readers (and listeners) know i really admire. it’s instead &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknote ( ) i had a staycation last week. it took me two days just to catch up on email i received while i was gone. and the only reason i was able to do that in two days is because i had booked the days off as meeting-free so i could attend an online conference. said conference &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknote ( ) some things i was up to this past week: i registered for the indigenous mapping workshop which will run nov. - ; had meetings pertaining to servers and surveys; attended regular meetings including that of the university library advisory committee, leddy library department heads, my bi-weekly meeting with library admin, and the wufa grievance committee uploaded &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknote ( ) this is my third week of weeknotes and i have to say that the format is agreeing with me. i did a quick search online to see if any other librarians have adopted this particular format and i couldn&# ;t find anyone from the librarian profession so i have yet to become an influencer (*snerk*). i &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknote ( ) this was the week that i planned to remove myself as much as possible from my regular working responsibilities and reconnect with my chosen community of access which is the goat of conferences, in my books. this did not happen. instead, i ended up working on a variety of management-related responsibilities and caught what &# ; continue reading "weeknote ( )" 	weeknotes : ( ) &# ;weeknotes are blogposts about our working week&# ; web of weeknotes having a set regular writing schedule seems to work for me. since , i send out a small set of recommended reads, games, and other things every saturday morning via a tinyletter to around people. since august of this year, i&# ;ve managed to send &# ; continue reading "weeknotes : ( )" 	why would anyone pay $ to learn how to write notes? part one in , musician and writer claire l. evans spoke at the xoxo festival sharing some of the stories that she tells more fully in her book, broad band: the untold story of the women who made the internet. it was from this presentation that i first learned about the microcosm system &# ; a &# ; continue reading "why would anyone pay $ to learn how to write notes?" 	noting well scribble, scribble, scribble (eh! mr gibbon?) last week i read an article that made me very uncomfortable. i had been diagnosed by the author and was found to be diseased. the twittering machine is powered by an insight at once obvious and underexplored: we have, in the world of the social industry, become “scripturient—possessed by &# ; continue reading "noting well" 	blogging is dead… here are some tips to manage your online working environment blogging is dead. blogging as an ecosystem of blogrolls, blog rings, blog planets, rss readers, and writers who link and respond to each other&# ; it is long gone. most people don&# ;t even know that this network once existed, once thrived, and then was lost. that being said, i still believe blogging is good. blogging can &# ; continue reading "blogging is dead&# ; here are some tips to manage your online working environment" literary machines literary machines digital libraries, books, archives 	archiviiify a short guide to download digitized books from internet archive and rehost on your own infrastructure using iiif with full-text search. 	pywb . - docker quickstart four years have passed since i first wrote of pywb: it was a young tool at the time, but already usable and extremely simple to deploy. since then a lot of works has been done by ilya kreymer (and others), resulting in all the new features available with the . release. also, some very big webarchiving initiatives have moved and used pywb in these years: webrecorder itself, rhizome, perma, arquivo pt in portugal, the italian national library in florence (italy), (others i’m missing). 	anonymous webarchiving webarchiving activities, as any other activity where an http client is involved, leave marks of their steps: the web server you are visiting or crawling will save your ip address in its logs (or even worse it can decide to ban your ip). this is usually not a problem, there are plenty of good reasons for a webserver to keep logs of its visitors. but sometimes you may need to protect your own identity when you are visiting or saving something from a website, and there a lot of sensitive careers that need this protection: activists, journalist, political dissidents. tor has been invented for this, and today offer a good protection to browse anonymously the web. can we also archive the web through tor? 	open bni il maggio viene annunciato il rilascio libero della bibliografia nazionale italiana (bni). viene apprezzata l’apertura di questo catalogo (anche se con i limiti dei soli pdf), e da profano di biblioteconomia faccio anche una domanda sull’effettivo caso d’uso della bni. il agosto viene annunciato il rilascio delle annate e anche in formato unimarc e marcxml. incuriosito dal catalogo inizio ad esplorarlo, per pensare a possibili trasformazioni (triple rdf) o arricchimenti con/verso altri dati (wikidata). 	epub linkrot linkrot also affects epub files (who would have thought! :)). how to check the health of external links in epub books (required tools: a shell, atool, pup, gnu parallel). 	skos nuovo soggettario, api e autocomplete come creare una api per un form con autocompletamento usando i termini del nuovo soggettario, con i sorted sets di redis e nginx+lua. 	serve deepzoom images from a zip archive with openseadragon vips is a fast image processing system. version higher than . can generate static tiles of big images in deepzoom format, saving them directly into a zip archive. 	a wayback machine (pywb) on a cheap, shared host for a long time the only free (i’m unaware of commercial ones) implementation of a web archival replay software has been the wayback machine (now openwayback). it’s a stable and mature software, with a strong community behind. to use it you need to be confident with the deploy of a java web application; not so difficult, and documentation is exaustive. but there is a new player in the game, pywb, developed by ilya kramer, a former internet archive developer. built in python, relatively simpler than wayback, and now used in a pro archiving project at rhizome. 	opendata dell’anagrafe biblioteche come usare gli opendata dell’anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane e disegnare su una mappa web gli indirizzi delle biblioteche. 	api json dell’opac sbn alcuni mesi fa è stata rilasciata da iccu una app mobile per consultare l’opac sbn. anche se graficamente poco accattivante l’app funziona bene, e trovo molto utili le funzioni di ricerca di un libro scansionando il codice a barre con la camera del telefonino, e la possibilità di bookmarkare dei preferiti. incuriosito dal funzionamento ho pensato di analizzarne il traffico http. pinboard bookmarks tagged code lib pinboard recent ‧ popular ‧ tour ‧ howto     log in code lib    « earlier     	 	 listserv . - code lib archives 		 		rt @kiru: i forgot to post the call earlier: the code lib journal () is looking for volunteers to join its editorial committee. deadline: oct. #code lib code lib  		from twitter 		 		 weeks ago by miaridge  copy to mine 	 	 - c l [ ] future role of libraries in researcher workflows - google slides 		 research-lifecycle  code lib  publish  scholarly-communication  		 		march by elibtronic  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		new issue of the the #code lib journal published. some terrific looking papers, including a review of pids for heri… code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		february by aarontay  copy to mine 	 	 ( ) https://journal.code lib.org/ 		 		rt @kiru: i am very happy to announce the publication of the @code lib journal issue # : webscraping…   code lib  		from twitter 		 		february by miaridge  copy to mine 	 	 the code lib journal – column: we love open source software. no, you can’t have our code 		 		librarians are among the strongest proponents of open source software. paradoxically, libraries are also among the least likely to actively contribute their code to open source projects. this article identifies and discusses six main reasons this dichotomy exists and offers ways to get around them. code lib  library  libt  opensource  finalproject  		 		december by pfhyper  copy to mine 	 	 the code lib journal – barriers to initiation of open source software projects in libraries 		 		libraries share a number of core values with the open source software (oss) movement, suggesting there should be a natural tendency toward library participation in oss projects. however dale askey’s code lib column entitled “we love open source software. no, you can’t have our code,” claims that while libraries are strong proponents of oss, they are unlikely to actually contribute to oss projects. he identifies, but does not empirically substantiate, six barriers that he believes contribute to this apparent inconsistency. in this study we empirically investigate not only askey’s central claim but also the six barriers he proposes. in contrast to askey’s assertion, we find that initiation of and contribution to oss projects are, in fact, common practices in libraries. however, we also find that these practices are far from ubiquitous; as askey suggests, many libraries do have opportunities to initiate oss projects, but choose not to do so. further, we find support for only four of askey’s six oss barriers. thus, our results confirm many, but not all, of askey’s assertions. code lib  library  libt  opensource  finalproject  		 		december by pfhyper  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		rt @kiru: the #code lib journal's issue ( / ) has been just published: . worldcat search api, go… code lib  		from twitter 		 		november by jbfink  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		rt @mjingle: who's excited for the next #code lib conference?! it will be in pittsburgh, pa from march - . is your org interes… code lib  		from twitter 		 		november by jbfink  copy to mine 	 	 attempto project 		 nlp  basic  cnl  computationallinguistics  controlledlanguage  controlled_language  code lib  compsci  english  knowledgerepresentation  		 		september by blebo  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		when our grandchildren ask about the great #code lib irc battle of the tisane, we will serve them both tea and coff… code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		august by danbri  copy to mine 	 	 code lib recap – bloggers! 		 code lib  digitallibraries  research  saa  archives  		 		july by geephroh  copy to mine 	 	 digital technologies development librarian | nc state university libraries 		 		we're hiring a digital technologies development librarian @ncsulibraries ! #job #libjobs #code lib #dlf #libtech dlf  libtech  code lib  job  libjobs  		from twitter_favs 		 		july by cdmorris  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		 ) all the men who want to preserve the idea of a #code lib discussion space as one that's free of such topics as s… code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		july by jbfink  copy to mine 	 	 google refine cheat sheet (code lib) 		 openrefine  code lib  how-to  cheatsheet  		 		may by psammead  copy to mine 	 	 untitled (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icblvnchpnw) 		 		code lib southeast happening today! live stream starting at : am eastern. #code libse #code lib code libse   code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		may by cdmorris  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		it occurs to me the #code lib statement of support for chris bourg, , offers a better model… code lib  		from twitter 		 		april by lbjay  copy to mine 	 	 github - code lib/c l -keynote-statement: code lib community statement in support of chris bourg 		 		it occurs to me the #code lib statement of support for chris bourg, , offers a better model… code lib  		from twitter 		 		april by lbjay  copy to mine 	 	 twitter 		 		now that the #code lib discord is up & running, i'm contemplating leaving slack overall, with exception for plannin… code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		march by jbfink  copy to mine 	 	 ( ) https://twitter.com/palcilibraries/status/ /photo/ 		 		talking privacy and ra at #c l with dave lacy from @templelibraries #code lib c l   code lib  		from twitter_favs 		 		february by cdmorris  copy to mine 	 	 scope: an access interface for dips from archivematica 		 archives  code lib  		 		february by sdellis  copy to mine « earlier     related tags       accessibility  algorithms  analytics  archives  art  article  awesome  basic  bias  blog  blogs  c l   c l   c l   c l   c ln   c lse  career  center  cheatsheet  cnl  code  code lib-   code libse   code libse   compsci  computationallinguistics  conference  controlled_language  controlledlanguage  crowdsourcing  culture  dev  dh  dh   dighum  digitalhumanities  digitallibraries  diversity  dlf  docker  dpla  english  excel  failure  finalproject  floss  github  harlow  history  how-to  inclusion  ipfs  ischoolui  job  journal  keynote  knowledgerepresentation  libjobs  libraries  library-tech  library  library_technology  libt  libtech  libtechwomen  libux  lightning_talks  lita  litaux  lodlam  lt  mansplaining  mashcat  memorylab  musetech  news  nlp  open  open_source  openrefine  opensource  philadelphia  philly  presentation  privacy  programming  publish  python  research-lifecycle  research  resources  reuse  saa  scholarly-communication  search  security  sharing  software  source  spreadsheet  spreadsheets  tabularformats  teamwork  tech  technology  unread  ux  washingtondc  webarchive  webdev  work-life  xml  xpath  yay  copy this bookmark: description: - tags: grab all tags - clear tags to read © nine fives software. problems or questions? contact <support@pinboard.in>. tos ‧ privacy ‧ about ‧ blog ‧ faq ‧ resources ‧ security about information literacy | university of houston libraries skip to main content 	contact us 	my accounts 	 give to uh libraries university of houston libraries 	 		search 	borrow 	research & learning 	spaces & technology 	about 	 	 	 home  > research & learning > library instruction program > about information literacy 		 		 		 about information literacy 					 information literacy encompasses: 	reflective discovery of information 	understanding how information is produced and valued 	creating new knowledge using information 	ethical participation in communities of learning definition adapted from the acrl framework for information literacy. our information literacy outcomes through the uh libraries instruction program, students will learn to: 	acknowledge the sociocultural context of information to determine the processes, values, and power structures that shape it and its accessibility 	recognize that certain voices are underrepresented/marginalized within the processes of information production and dissemination 	explore and evaluate information with pragmatic skepticism, an open mind, and awareness of their own biases and perspectives 	develop confidence in their role as information creators by valuing and building upon their existing knowledge 	pursue questions based on curiosity, personal relevance, prior knowledge, and existing information landscape 	recognize that research is an iterative process requiring reflection, creativity, and persistence 	engage with a community of inquiry and the existing information landscape through information critique, analysis, and creation 	reflect on the role of information in their lives both in and out of the classroom consult with a librarian to get started, consult with a librarian on information literacy instruction 	 	 research & learning 	research & learning 	find an expert 	guides and lessons 	library instruction program 	about information literacy 	research workshops 	assisted institutional repository submissions 	submit your works 	copyright services 		 		 				 get started get a consultation consult with a librarian 		 		 		 		 	 	 	 	 university drive 	houston, tx - 	( ) - 	 			 			 	privacy policy 	hours 	employment 	directory 	give us feedback 	maps & directions 	contact us 	give to uh libraries 	site map 	about 	strategic plan 	libraries & collections 	search 	borrow 	spaces & technology 	research & learning 	uh home 	 						 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 					 					 				 		 		 			 © university of houston. all rights reserved. 	report a problem with this page 	texas.gov 	texas homeland security 	trail 	fraud reporting 	linking notice 	privacy notice 	open records/public information act 	institutional résumé 	required reports 	electronic & information resources accessibility 	sexual misconduct reporting and awareness 	university policies 	your browser does not support javascript! 	your browser does not support javascript! nodutdol – nodutdol for korean community development 		skip to content 	 		 		 			 			 			 				 					 	 					 			 						 			 			 					 		 			about	mission statement 	policies 	our work	our work 	projects 	events	events (current) 	archived events (pre- ) 	statements 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							 						 	 							 								 																	 								 																	 							 						 	 							 								 																	 								 																	 							 						 	 	제국의 제재 | sanctions of empire by ndd| - - t : : - : : am|categories: our work, uncategorized, zines| 제국의 제재, or sanctions of empire is nodutdol's third [...] read more   			 			 	 	 		 					 	 		 	 														in support of black liberation 			 														 								 													 				 																		 						gallery					 														 				 								 								 		 				 	 	 	 	in support of black liberation by ndd| - - t : : - : : am|categories: statements, uncategorized| we stand in solidarity with black communities here [...] read more   			 			 	 	 		 					 	 		 	 														from quarantine, with love 			 														 								 													 				 																		 						gallery					 														 				 								 								 		 				 	 	 	 							 								 																	 								 																	 							 						 	 	from quarantine, with love by ndd| - - t : : - : : pm|categories: our work, zines| from quarantine, with love a nodutdol zine nodutdol has [...] read more   			 			 	 	 		 					 	 		 	 														interview with ko youngdae on the moon administration and the north korean nuclear issue 			 														 								 													 				 																		 						gallery					 														 				 								 								 		 				 	 	 	 	interview with ko youngdae on the moon administration and the north korean nuclear issue by ndd| - - t : : - : : pm|categories: resources| on april , , the second anniversary of [...] read more   노듯돌 /no-dut-dol/: 	stepping stone 	home, opening, entryway 	bridging 	love and longing in separation 	reunification. we are diasporic koreans and comrades based in lenapehoking/new york. we mobilize our membership to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination in korea and turtle island/north america. we use political education, build collective action, and practice principled solidarity to achieve our mission. please contact us by emailing us at nodutdol@nodutdol.org recent tweets 							 																													 	 						 					 				 				 				 								 					 		 				 	 	 		 			 				 		 		copyright . nodutdol for korean community development	 	facebooktwitterinstagramflickr 			 		 	 		 		 					 											 												 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 				 						 	 librarian of things 	 		skip to content 		 			 				 					 											librarian of things 									 							 					 		 	 		 		 			 			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 § i don’t have much to report in regards to the work i’ve been doing this week. i tried to get our orcid-ojs plugin to work but there is some small strange bug that needs to be squished. luckily, next week i will have the benefit of assistance from the good people of crkn and orcid-ca. what else? i uploaded a bunch of files into our ir. i set up a site for an online-only conference being planned for next year. and i finally got around to trying to update a manuscript for potential publication. but this writing has been very difficult as my attention has been sent elsewhere many times this week. § unfortunately i wasn’t able to catch the live teach-in #againstsurveillance on tuesday but luckily the talks have been captured and made available at http://againstsurveillance.net/ so many of our platforms are designed to extract user data. but not all of them are. our institutions of higher education could choose to invest in free range ed-tech instead. § bonus links! 	making a hash out of knitting with data 	shannon_mattern’s library | zotero 	mystery file! 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on december , december , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 § first off is this recommended read from the november th issue of the new yorker, the rise and fall of getting things done by cal ‘deep work’ newport. as newport himself describes his work, it’s not, however, really about david allen’s productivity system, which longtime readers (and listeners) know i really admire. it’s instead about a deeper question that i hadn’t heard discussed much before: why do we leave office workers to figure out on their own how to get things done? with the notable exception of agile software development teams, companies in this sector largely leave decisions about how work is assigned, reviewed, and organized up to individuals. we promulgate clear objectives and construct motivating corporate cultures, but when it comes to actually executing these tasks, we just hook everyone up to an email address or slack channel and tell them to rock and roll. this has led to a culture of overload and fragmented attention that makes everyone involved miserable. i don’t want to spoil the conclusions of this article, but i will tip you off that i’m filling this article away in my notebook about visualizing workflow. § i discovered this work from carl’s e-alert newsletter, thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure (a.j. boston, lpc blog – fellows journal, november ). parts of it hit a little too close to home for my liking… i’m sure i’m being unfair in my stance. to capture a diverse constituency, a big-tent approach can be effective. compromise can cause cynicism about our politics, but sometimes a little progress can be better than a lot of regression. that’s the story i’ve told myself, at least, while making my daily compromise as a scholcomm librarian who manages our elsevier-owned institutional repository service, digital commons. my school contracted with bepress (then an independent company) shortly before hiring me to manage it, and my values felt fully aligned as i made the pitch across campus to deposit green oa manuscripts there. but that feeling changed with the announcement of elsevier acquiring bepress in august (mackenzie, ). since , the digital commons service hasn’t worsened, but the premise that many customers initially bought into, of supporting an independent platform in the scholarly communication ecosystem, has eroded. and what do people do when they face a deterioration of goods and services? for a.o. hirschman ( ), there are three choices (which later scholars have revised upon): exit, voice, and loyalty. in my case, exit seems out of the question: a diverse constituency of groups on my campus have now integrated the software, and a swap would be overly-costly and damage relationships in the process. i don’t know whether i’d categorize what i am doing now as voice or loyalty, but what i do know is that there is a strong glimmer of recognition when sen. harris walks her fracking-issue tightrope, or when grant-funding institutions rock the boat just lightly enough that it doesn’t risk a capsize. § also from aforementioned e-alert, aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation (p. anderson, publishing perspectives, november ) after a -year fight, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center have declined to pursue any further appeals in their lawsuit against georgia state university regarding their reliance on fair use in making materials available via e-reserves. read more @pubperspectives  i used to refer to the georgia state e-reserves case as an example of selective enforcement of copyright by publishers in which educational use of works behind an authentication system was vigorously challenged in court, while rampant open distribution of works under copyright via academia.edu and researchgate was ignored for years. § i only read the headline and the abstract of this article but i am sharing it anyway because i liked the conclusion that tyler cowan [ht] drew from it: open access improves the quality of citations. § earlier this week hugh rundle published a blog post called empathy daleks that gave me life: her studies indicate that diversifying the authors, perspectives, representations and examples in standard textbooks is not simply “more inclusive” or “just” in an abstract way (though that would be good anyway). students who feel they belong — who feel validated as members or potential members of a profession or academic discipline — are more likely to succeed and complete their degrees. that is, lambert suggests that diversifying the authors and even the examples or hypothetical actors in university textbooks by itself has a positive effect on completion rates, engagement, and student satisfaction with courses. amy nusbaum shows in a recent article that oer is an effective way to accelerate this, because with licenses allowing “remixing” of content the examples used within open textbooks can be updated to suit local needs without having to rewrite the entire text…. but it was lambert uttering the magic words about diverse texts improving “student success” that suddenly felt quite subversive. to understand why, we need to interrogate what universities usually mean when they talk about “student success”, and particularly the infrastructures universities have been building around it. hugh rundle, empathy daleks, november , and on that note… i liked this tweet about university rankings some days ago. "none of these ‘flagship’ rankings considered #openaccess, equality, diversity, sustainability or other society-focused agendas." https://t.co/am ctepuom — peter suber (@petersuber) november , speaking of society-focused agendas, while i was doing some of the more rote collection development tasks this week (reviewing lists of duplicate titles, finding missing titles that were of need of replacing), i listened to a number of episodes of terry greene’s getting air: the open pedagogy podcast and i enjoyed them very much. i’ve had the pleasure of knowing and spending time with some of the guests on his show and it is such a treat to hear them speak about the careful thought and thoughtful care they put into their work of teaching. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on november , november , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 i had a staycation last week. it took me two days just to catch up on email i received while i was gone. and the only reason i was able to do that in two days is because i had booked the days off as meeting-free so i could attend an online conference. said conference was the indigenous mapping workshop. i was not able to attend many of the sessions but the ones that i did rekindled my affection for web-maps and inspired me to make two proof-of-concept maps. the first one is of bike parking in my neighbourhood. the location and photos were collected using a web form through kobotoolbox. i then downloaded a csv from the site and paired with this leaflet-omnivore powered map. bike parking in my neighbourhood the second map i made was a more mischievous creation in which i used mapbox studio to rename the world. other things i did this week: chair our monthly information services department meeting, selected a set of duplicate books as part of a larger weeding project, ordered a lot of books using exlibris’ rialto, did a librarychat shift, contributed to some collection management work, did some ojs support, attended several meetings, and wrote many emails. one day i would like write a piece that applies the concept of technical debt to library services / the library as an organization. i didn’t do much reading this week but i did read one article which i think has an exceptional title: public libraries are doing just fine, thank you: it’s the “public” in public libraries that is threatened this is a project that is close to my civic interests: introducing the civic switchboard data literacy project! we’re pleased to announce the receipt of an imls laura bush st century librarian program grant, which will support the next piece of civic switchboard project – the civic switchboard data literacy project! this project builds on the civic switchboard project’s exploration of civic data roles for libraries and will develop instructional materials to prepare mlis students and current library workers for civic data work. through the civic switchboard project, we’ve learned about common barriers to entry that libraries are navigating with civic data work. we regularly heard library workers say that they feel unqualified to participate in their civic data ecosystems. with this barrier in mind, the civic switchboard data literacy project will build and pilot instructional material that mlis instructors can integrate in coursework and that can be used in professional development training in library settings. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on november , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 some things i was up to this past week: 	i registered for the indigenous mapping workshop which will run nov. - ; 	had meetings pertaining to servers and surveys; 	attended regular meetings including that of the university library advisory committee, leddy library department heads, my bi-weekly meeting with library admin, and the wufa grievance committee 	uploaded another batch of etds to the repository 	uploaded another batch of final edits to the ossa conference repository 	ordered books that have gone missing from the library (including steal like an artist natch) as well titles to support the school of the environment 	discussed apcs, video streaming, and the potential structure of the new leddy library website with various colleagues; 	and did an evening shift of our livechat research help service. i don’t think i’ve said this publicly but the weekly updates from the carl e-alert newsletter are excellent and are put together so well. from last week’s alert, i learned of this amazing project: community members living in vancouver’s downtown eastside (dtes) have been the focal point of countless scholarly research studies and surveys over the years. up until recently, this research has remained largely out of reach to participants and community organizations, locked away in journals and other databases that require paid subscriptions to access. community members have said they would benefit from access to that data for evaluating program and service effectiveness, for example, or for grant writing. the recently launched downtown eastside research access portal (dtes rap), a project led by the ubc learning exchange in partnership with ubc library’s irving k. barber learning centre, is designed to change that. the dtes rap provides access to research and research-related materials relevant to vancouver’s downtown eastside through an easy-to-use public interface. the portal was developed in consultation with dtes residents and community organizations through focus groups and user experience testing, and in collaboration with a number of university units. new downtown eastside research access portal takes collaborative approach to open access (ubc) i love that this collection is centred around the needs of those who have been studied and not the needs of the researcher. and not to center my own work but (but) i was hoping to explore similar work during my last sabbatical but for a variety of reasons, it did not come to pass. no weeknote update next week because i’m taking a staycation! 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on november , november , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 this is my third week of weeknotes and i have to say that the format is agreeing with me. i did a quick search online to see if any other librarians have adopted this particular format and i couldn’t find anyone from the librarian profession so i have yet to become an influencer (*snerk*). i did find a data scientist from the house of commons library who employs the practice quite well. this is consistent with my hunch that the weeknotes format is still largely an expression of uk civic computing types. many people use weeknotes to report on their last week’s activities as its originator intended… started on the blog of design company berg a few months back, weeknotes detailed what they were up to that week, what had been going well, what hadn’t. they were just blog entries, updated weekly, nothing more remarkable than that. except they struck a little chord with people — and other companies and individuals started doing the same thing. russell m davies: on the structure of time, wired uk, may for what it’s work, this is what i’ve been up to during the past week: worked with our cataloguing team to process a detailed shelf-reading list of our theses and dissertations, met with a small group of scholars who are working on establishing a new journal on our ojs system, helped a student with a thorny research question, collected and delivered a bibliography of works for the university’s anti-black racism office, worked on a draft statement of publication ethics for two of our ojs journals, worked on the reference chat schedule for the month, worked with colleagues on a potential survey, attended several online meetings, researched how we could promote our collections using online book-carousels, uploaded some of the final manuscripts of the ossa conference, uploaded a batch of etds into our repository, and answered a truckload of email. i’m not sure if i’m going to report on my workings every week. i’m more interested in using the weeknotes format to help me keep up with my reading. speaking of which, this morning i spent some time with the latest issue of portal: libraries and the academy which has a variety of articles that touch on the role of the library liaison and of digital scholarship. i saved for later this excerpt from survey of digital humanities online guides in canadian academic research libraries: in the digital scholar, martin weller argues that new digital tools are “necessary, but not sufficient, for any substantial change in scholarly practice” that they might help to bring about. his contention is that for these technologies to be truly transformative, three factors must converge: digital content, networks, and openness. when high-quality scholarly content can be shared digitally via online networks without legal restrictions, we enter an era of scholarship—digital scholarship—that differs substantially from the traditional one. an amplification of the scope of available academic content and the ability to instantly publish and share one’s content online challenges the fundamental assumptions about the nature of scholarly practice. along this line, robin goodfellow and mary lea define digital scholarship as “the relatively recent invention of cross-disciplinary groups of individual scholars … who have begun to use technology to disseminate their own work outside the formal academic publishing system.” for at least the last twenty years, the academic library has been licensing collections of digital objects from commercial vendors for the private use of those only belonging to the campus. the work to maintain these collections is considered the work of a electronic resources librarian and is not considered digital scholarship. expanding a bit from what i read from the above, digital scholarship is used to designate labour that is dedicated to the transformation of scholarship by making available collections of material openly licensed on the internet and structured for use and re-use at both the item level and at the level in which the collection itself is data. as a scholcomm librarian, i particularly like this framing. also, as a scholcomm librarian, i appreciated and enjoyed this presentation on the promise and peril of transformative agreements by brianne selman. 🎃 happy hallowe’en! 🎃 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on october , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 this was the week that i planned to remove myself as much as possible from my regular working responsibilities and reconnect with my chosen community of access which is the goat of conferences, in my books. this did not happen. instead, i ended up working on a variety of management-related responsibilities and caught what access sessions i could, asynchronously. i mention this not as a consideration for myself as some sort of martyr but because middle management work is work that can be devalued by both librarians and administration. i was able to watch the opening keynote. jessie loyer’s talk on indigenous language revitalization through the lens of technology was everything an opening keynote should be: welcoming, questioning, challenging, and illuminating. i also want to give a special shout-out to shelley gullikson’s “web librarians who do ux: we are sad, we are so very very sad”. imho: leadership/management/librarians must understand that charging individuals with the responsibility of the library website without the authority to make those changes without consensus or vote taking from librarians is nothing less than the abject rejection of professional expertise of ux librarians. i say this as a former ux librarian who also found a relief from sadness in scott pilgrim . another access presentation that i very much enjoyed was amy mclay paterson’s what is a library website, anyway? the library website is many different things to many different people, but in the academic context, it is primarily thought of as a research portal. but paterson suggests that considering the library as a contribution to student success should not be completely overshadowed. later in the day, after i had watched amy’s presentation, i tried to catch up on some of my reading and found this article — creating a student-centered alternative to research guides: developing the infrastructure to support novice learners — that rhymed with some of concerns amy raised earlier. ruth l. baker ( ) suggested that libguides could be used more effectively if they were structured as tutorials that guided students through the research process. such guides would “function to reduce cognitive load and stress on working memory; engage students through metacognition for deeper learning; and provide a scaffolded framework so students can build skills and competencies gradually towards mastery.” in one of the few studies conducted to assess the impact of research guides on student learning, stone et al. ( ) tested two types of guides for different sections of a dental hygiene first year seminar course. one guide was structured around resource lists organized by resource types (pathfinder design) while the second was organized around an established information literacy research process approach. the results showed that students found the pedagogical guide more helpful than the resource guide in navigating the information literacy research process. stone et al. concluded that these pedagogical guides, structured around the research process with tips and guidance explaining the “why” and the “how” of the research process, led to better student learning. jeremiah paschke-wood, ellen dubinsky and leslie sult, “creating a student-centered alternative to research guides: developing the infrastructure to support novice learners“, in the library with the lead pipe, oct i take some comfort from the conclusions above. recently i was asked to give a hour lecture to a small class of graduate students from the university of windsor’s great lakes institute for environmental research. i found that i needed some form of scaffolding to frame the information i was about to present or students (and i) would feel terribly lost. i opted to structure the class around work of the open science research cycle, based on jeroen bosman and bianca kramer work on academic workflows at https:// innovations.wordpress.com/workflows/. in a perfect world, my set of h p slides of the open science research cycle would be finished in time for the last day of open access week, but here we are. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on october , october , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknote ( )			 	 		 		weeknotes : ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 “weeknotes are blogposts about our working week” web of weeknotes having a set regular writing schedule seems to work for me. since , i send out a small set of recommended reads, games, and other things every saturday morning via a tinyletter to around people. since august of this year, i’ve managed to send out weekly updates of local civic matters every monday. i’ve been meaning to write more regularly about library things, so it would make sense to start writing weeknotes here. i’m going to aim for every friday. i quite enjoyed the latest secret feminist agenda in which host hannah mcgregor discusses matters of academic mentorship with york associate professor and associate dean, lily cho. i liked how this discussion brought up the existence of the recalcitrant mentored – those students who does not recognize their abilities or do not see themselves in a particular role. but what i particularly appreciated in the conversation was cho’s remarks that it is either necessary to detangle closeness with mentorship or we need to reimagine closeness. her insights into university administration are also worth a listen. to file under ‘high citations numbers does not always mean a great paper’ is this thread: this paper has been cited times, except it does not exist. this 'paper' was used in a style guide as a citation example, was included in some papers by accident, and then propagated from there, illustrating how some authors don't read *titles* let alone abstracts or papers pic.twitter.com/ojfmvniyi — dan quintana (@dsquintana) october , last week i stumbled upon this video that alerted me that a plug-in for zotero called zotfile exists that allows for highlighted text from pdfs to easily imported as a note. this prompted me to revisit the zotero plug-in page where i learned of a bunch of extensions that i wasn’t previously aware of. the zutilo extension appears particularly useful. there are lots of videos in this inaugural librarian of things weeknotes. so i may as well include this fine one 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on october , october , categories weeknotesleave a comment on weeknotes : ( )			 	 		 		why would anyone pay $ to learn how to write notes? 	 	 	 	 		 part one in , musician and writer claire l. evans spoke at the xoxo festival sharing some of the stories that she tells more fully in her book, broad band: the untold story of the women who made the internet. it was from this presentation that i first learned about the microcosm system – a working hypertext system that predated the world wide web. i learned from evans that the microcosm system – like the world wide web – offered links between documents and media – but unlike the world wide web – the links between objects were not stored in the documents themselves but in a separate system. not only did this extra infrastructure ensure that the reader would never be presented a broken link, but the system allowed for multiple sets of different links that could connect files together. this meant that a beginner could be provided a different experience from say, a domain expert. it was a system that was more aligned to vannevar bush’s original vision of memex – an environment in which the reader and not the author who makes the most associations between documents. crucially, microcosm offered bi-directional linking. “the system we were working on at southampton microcosm [the pre-web hypermedia system developed in the s] had very sophisticated two way linking,” says dame wendy hall, professor of computer science at the university of southampton. “it was very prescient of the semantic web – you used the links to describe why you were making that relationship between those two data objects.” how google warped the hyperlink, wired uk, sophie charara, march recently, i’ve became interested in new-to-me note taking software because some of my favourite newsletter writers wouldn’t stop talking about how much better their lives had improved now that they had adopted notion or roam or obsidian to their lives. unable to restrain my curiosity any longer, i moved my to do lists and other notes to notion and i watched a lot of youtube videos on how to best build my system. on september th, i wrote a blog post called noting well about these systems and how they fit into a model called the digital garden. on september th, notion introduced bi-directional linking to their system. part two once you have a note-taking system such as notion, obsidian, or roam research, or other system that uses bi-directional linking, now you can build your second brain. how? you can spend $ usd to find out. you will learn how to capture, organize, and share your ideas and insights using digital notes, with a systematic approach and tools that you trust to support creative breakthroughs in your work or you can spend $ . usd for the print version of how to take smart notes: one simple technique to boost writing, learning and thinking – for students, academics and nonfiction book writers. this is the step-by-step guide on how to set up and understand the principle behind the note-taking system that enabled luhmann to become one of the most productive and systematic scholars of all time. but most importantly, it enabled him to do it with ease. he famously said: “i never force myself to do anything i don’t feel like.” luhmann’s system is often misunderstood and rarely well explained (especially in english). this book aims to make this powerful tool accessible to everyone with an interest in reading, thinking and writing. it is especially helpful for students and academics of the social sciences and humanities and nonfiction writers. i opted to spend the $ . . you may opt to watch this video instead: part three both the building a second brain and the smart notes systems are means to encourage better note taking for learning, and by demanding that the user immediately paraphrases what they’ve just learned, they end up creating an environment where excerpts can easily be found and brought together into a linear text. from what i can understand, the major difference between the build a second brain method of notes taking and the smart notes method, is that while the smart notes method encourages the reader to connect captured ideas together as growing lines of thought, the basb method encourages the reader to file ideas into new or existing projects. it is not surprising that newsletter writers, podcasters, youtubers, and other content creators have gravitated to these note taking systems since they are built for “borrowed creativity”, “intermediate packets”, and “idea recycling”. the video above is from ali abdaal who largely makes videos about productivity. in another video, ali flexed that he makes more money from his passive income sources of youtube adsense and skillshare than his day job as a junior doctor in the uk. is it surprising then to learn that the creator of the basb of note-taking situates that work in a larger context of being a full-stack freelancer? except from the rise of the full-stack freelancer is it just me or does this sound a little too much like a ponzi scheme or multi-level marketing system in which each influencer sells the promise of productivity systems through sponcon-paying videos on adsense-paying youtube channels to gather enough of an audience to drive the viewer to skillshare? it almost makes me worried for academia. luckily ali has a skillshare course on stoicism for that worry. (man, what is it with these stoics?) part four for the record, i was surprised how much i was inspired by the promise of the smart notes system as described by sönke ahrens. i used my own version of it to develop this very blog post: i am trying to take smart notes on my readings going forward. i wish i had started earlier. much earlier. i was not a great undergraduate student. i felt like i immediately forgot everything i learned in class after i wrote the final exam, even in courses that i had excelled in. what i learned never felt like my own. it felt like i was being asked to memorize textbooks rather than than build my own sense of understanding and ask my own questions. what if, i wonder, what if i had otherwise imagined my undergraduate degree as a time to build up a zettelkasten to call my own? there’s another reason why i am gravitating to the smart notes system. i have been writing on the web (otherwise known as blogging) for over years. i recognize that many times i feel inspired to share some insight that occurred only because i had stumbled on a connection between or disparate ideas within the span of a week or two. but i’m a middle aged woman now and i’ve forgotten more than i can even remember. i don’t write blog posts that mention an amazing essay i’ve bookmarked seven years ago, because i’ve forgotten that i’ve even read it. i’m not doing this for a future career in making skillshare videos. i’m not even doing it for this blog. i’m doing this for myself because there is a particular quiet joy that comes from reading and writing and learning and sharing. note bene. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on october , october , categories uncategorized comment on why would anyone pay $ to learn how to write notes?			 	 		 		noting well 	 	 	 	 		 scribble, scribble, scribble (eh! mr gibbon?) last week i read an article that made me very uncomfortable. i had been diagnosed by the author and was found to be diseased. the twittering machine is powered by an insight at once obvious and underexplored: we have, in the world of the social industry, become “scripturient—possessed by a violent desire to write, incessantly.” our addiction to social media is, at its core, a compulsion to write. through our comments, updates, dms, and searches, we are volunteers in a great “collective writing experiment.” those of us who don’t peck out status updates on our keyboards are not exempt. we participate too, “behind our backs as it were,” creating hidden (written) records of where we clicked, where we hovered, how far we scrolled, so that even reading, within the framework of the twittering machine, becomes a kind of writing. going postal: a psychoanalytic reading of social media and the death drive, max read for bookforum the scripturient among us cannot stop writing even though social media brings no joy. some of us opted for a lesser evil and have waldenponded to the cozyweb… unlike the main public internet, which runs on the (human) protocol of “users” clicking on links on public pages/apps maintained by “publishers”, the cozyweb works on the (human) protocol of everybody cutting-and-pasting bits of text, images, urls, and screenshots across live streams. much of this content is poorly addressable, poorly searchable, and very vulnerable to bitrot. it lives in a high-gatekeeping slum-like space comprising slacks, messaging apps, private groups, storage services like dropbox, and of course, email. from cozyweb by venkatesh rao in other words, some of us have opted to keep writing compulsively but mostly to ourselves. i’ve found notion to be welcome respite from the public square of twitter or even the water-cooler of slack. while i used to plan trips on pinterest, i now find myself saving inspirational images to notion. instead of relying on facebook or linkedin to catalog my connections, i’ve been building my own relationship tracker in notion. like the living room, notion appeals to both the introverted and extroverted sides of my personality. it’s a place where i can create and test things out in private. then, when i’m craving some external validation, i can show off a part of my workspace to as many or as few people as i want. it’s a place where i can think out loud without worrying about the judgement of strangers or the tracking of ad targeting tools. notion is the living room of the cozyweb by by nick dewilde exhausted by my own doomscrolling, i recently pledged to myself to spend less time on social media. but i still had a scribbling habit that needed to be maintained. i found myself researching why so many of the few remaining bloggers that i knew were so obsessed with notion and other tools that were unfamiliar to me. it’s the worldwideweb. let’s share what we know. the tools of the notearazzi notion describes itself as ‘the all-in-one workspace’ for all of “your notes, tasks, and wikis”. that sounds more compelling than the the way that i would describe it: notion allows you to build workflows from documents using linked, invisible databases. for example, here is a set of pages that can be arranged as a task board, a kaban board, a calendar, or a list, just by changing your view of the information at hand. (in this way notion reminds me of drupal except all of the database scaffolding is invisible to the user.) there are other note taking tools that promise to revolutionize the work and the workflow of the user: roam research (that turns your “graph connected” notes into a ‘second brain’), remnote (that turns your study notes into spaced repetition-flashcards), and obsidian (that turns your markdown notes into a personal wiki / second brain on your computer). and there is still evernote. personal knowledge management these types of note-taking systems are also known as personal knowledge management or pkm. https://mobile.twitter.com/bopuc/status/ the digital garden from the above diagram, you can see that pkm systems are also called digital gardens. patrick tanguay wrote a short backgrounder on this concept with a great set of links to explore. in short: brief notes from your own thinking, heavily linked back and forth, continually added to and edited. the goal is to have a library of notes of your own thinking so you can build upon what you read and write, creating your own ideas, advancing your knowledge. digital gardens, patrick tanguay the word garden was chosen carefully to describe this concept. we find ourselves in a world in which almost all of our social media systems are algorithm-influenced streams. to find the contemplative space we need to think, we need to find a slower landscape. remember a couple months ago when i wrote about matt caulfield’s alternative to craap called sift? well, i’m invoking him again for his post called the garden and the stream: a technopastoral. i don’t want people to get hung up on the technology angle. i think sometimes people hear “federated thingamabob” and just sort of tune out thinking “oh, he’s talking about a feature of federated thingamabob.” but i’m not. i’m really not. i’m talking about a different way to think your online activity, no matter what tool you use. and relevant to this conference, i’m talking about a different way of collaborating as well. without going to much into what my federated wiki journal is, just imagine that instead of blogging and tweeting your experience you wiki’d it. and over time the wiki became a representation of things you knew, connected to other people’s wikis about things they knew. so when i see an article like this i think — wow, i don’t have much in my wiki about gun control, this seems like a good start to build it out and i make a page. the first thing i do is “de-stream” the article. the article is about oregon, but i want to extract a reusable piece out of it in a way that it can be connected to many different things eventually. i want to make a home page for this idea or fact. my hub for thinking about this. the garden and the stream: a technopastoral, mike caulfield i used to think of blog posts as part of a growing garden, but my framing has shifted and now i think of the blog as the headwaters of the first sluggish stream (and the beginning of the end of the web as we know it): whereas the garden is integrative, the stream is self-assertive. it’s persuasion, it’s argument, it’s advocacy. it’s personal and personalized and immediate. it’s invigorating. and as we may see in a minute it’s also profoundly unsuited to some of the uses we put it to. the stream is what i do on twitter and blogging platforms. i take a fact and project it out as another brick in an argument or narrative or persona that i build over time, and recapitulate instead of iterate. the garden and the stream: a technopastoral, mike caulfield caulfield alludes to the associative power of links after he compares the original vision of vannevar bush’s memex and the topology of the world wide web: each memex library contains your original materials and the materials of others. there’s no read-only version of the memex, because that would be silly. anything you read you can link and annotate. not reply to, mind you. change. this will be important later. links are associative. this is a huge deal. links are there not only as a quick way to get to source material. they aren’t a way to say, hey here’s the interesting thing of the day. they remind you of the questions you need to ask, of the connections that aren’t immediately evident. links are made by readers as well as writers. a stunning thing that we forget, but the link here is not part of the author’s intent, but of the reader’s analysis. the majority of links in the memex are made by readers, not writers. on the world wide web of course, only an author gets to determine links. and links inside the document say that there can only be one set of associations for the document, at least going forward. the garden and the stream: a technopastoral, mike caulfield mike cauldfield’s own digital garden was a personal wiki and there some reader/writers who have opted to go this route using tiddlywiki or a variation. there is no one way to grow your own digital garden. gardens are personal and they grow to suit the space and time that you are able to give them. there are digital gardens that are wild and overgrown like a verdant english garden and then there are the closely controlled and manicured gardens known as basb. the second brain basb stands for building a second brain. unlike our own feeble wetware, these basb systems exist so we do not forget passing notions. they are also promoted as environments that lend themselves to creative thinking because, just like our own minds, they encourage the generation of new thoughts by the association of disparate ideas from different fields, places, or times. to be honest, during most of the time i spent researching for this post, every time i read the phrase second brain, i immediately dismissed it as glib marketing and not as a concept worth serious considering. but then i watched a youtube video of a medical student who had taken a $ course on building brain building and he could not stop singing its praises. from that video, i learned that second brain building wasn’t just making links between concepts and waiting for creativity to descend or a book to emerge. the framing of the activities that it prescribes are closer to a project management system in which efforts are directly ultimately to outcomes and outputs. that system is also known as para. image from: building a second brain: the illustrated notes by maggie appleton not every building a second brain (basb) system is build on the foundations of para. there are those who decide to populate their new roam research space using the smart note system or the zettelkasten approach. zettelkasten when i was doing research for my access talk about index cards and bibliographic systems, i dimly remember coming across the note taking system of sociologist niklas luhmann which turned into a , + card zettelkasten into over books. i distinctly remember coming across the system again when i was reading about beck trench’s academic workflow: i use the zettelkasten method of note-taking, by which i mean that i create notes that contain a single idea or point that is significant to me. these notes are usually linked to other notes, authors, and citations, allowing me to understand that single idea in the context of the larger literature that i’m exploring. i use the knowledge management software tinderbox to write these notes and map their associations. i’ve created a series of videos that explain exactly how i do this. i also sync my tinderbox zettels with devonthink using these scripts so that i can search my own notes alongside my articles to find connections i might otherwise miss. academic workflow: reading, beck trench from what i can tell, many people’s first introduction to the zettelkasten method has been through this website or the book how to take smart notes by sonke ahrens ( ). i haven’t read the book yet but i was so intrigued that i have ordered a copy. from a review of the work: the book is written in an essayistic and very readable style, humorous and anecdotal, which makes both the practical advice as well as the underlying philosophy very accessible and convincing. ahrens offers a compelling meta-reflection on the pivotal role of writing in – and as – thinking, and as such, he also formulates a timely and important advocacy of the humanities. it is therefore regrettable that in his emphasis on proliferating personal productivity and ‘boosting’ written output with luhmann’s slip box system, ahrens neglects to critically reflect upon the luring dangers of academic careerism for truly original scholarship… the explosion of publishing outlets is in turn tightly connected with the increasing governmentalization and commodification of academic life (miller ), and while ahrens continually emphasizes the potential of increasing written output with luhmann’s method, he unfortunately misses the opportunity to reflect on the very conditions of academic life that create a demand for a book like his own in the first place. book review: how to take smart notes, reviewed by melanie schiller, journal of writing research ( ) how might academic libraries figure into these systems while keeping in mind that the knowledge workers who commit strongly to a holistic note-taking system are a minority of our patrons, how can academic libraries support those students, faculty, and academic staff who use specialized note-taking software? personally, i think at a minimum, we must try to keep as much of our material as copy-able as possible. in other words, we should keep our investments in drm-locked material as small possible. but i’ll boil it down to this. it came down to who had the power to change things. it came down to the right to make copies. on the web, if you wanted to read something you had to read it on someone else’s server where you couldn’t rewrite it, and you couldn’t annotate it, you couldn’t copy it, and you couldn’t add links to it, you couldn’t curate it. these are the verbs of gardening, and they didn’t exist on the early web. the garden and the stream: a technopastoral, mike caulfield what might happen if we try on the idea that a library is a type of stock that both readers and writers can draw upon for their respective knowledge flow. stock and flow are just different ways of expressing garden and stream. mike caulfield looks at oer in this context and i found this framing as very useful. everything else is either journal articles or blog posts making an argument about local subsidies. replying to someone. building rapport with their audience. making a specific point about a specific policy. embedded in specific conversations, specific contexts. everybody wants to play in the stream, but no one wants to build the garden. our traditional binary here is “open vs. closed”. but honestly that’s not the most interesting question to me anymore. i know why textbook companies are closed. they want to make money. what is harder to understand is how in nearly years of the web, when people have told us what they think about local subsidies approximately one kajillion times we can’t find one — one! — syllabus-ready treatment of the issue. you want ethics of networked knowledge? think about that for a minute — how much time we’ve all spent arguing, promoting our ideas, and how little time we’ve spent contributing to the general pool of knowledge. why? because we’re infatuated with the stream, infatuated with our own voice, with the argument we’re in, the point we’re trying to make, the people in our circle we’re talking to. the garden and the stream: a technopastoral, mike caulfield conclusion a scholar reads texts from the library and thoughtfully creates personal notes from their reading. those notes grow, get connected to other notes, help generate new notes and associations, and, in time, help generate the scholar’s own text that — hopefully — will become part of that same library. “a scholar is just a library’s way of making another library” (daniel c. dennett, consciousness explained). once again, it makes me wonder whether our institutions should consider adopting the professional mission that dan chudnov made for himself in : help people build their own libraries. because those scholar’s notes? they are also a library. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on september , september , categories citations comment on noting well			 	 		 		blogging is dead… here are some tips to manage your online working environment 	 	 	 	 			 		 	 		 blogging is dead. blogging as an ecosystem of blogrolls, blog rings, blog planets, rss readers, and writers who link and respond to each other… it is long gone. most people don’t even know that this network once existed, once thrived, and then was lost. that being said, i still believe blogging is good. blogging can be personally meaningful and professionally useful and blogging can still be powerful. small communities of bloggers still exist in niches, like food blogs. but in many ways, the once mighty blog post has been reduced to being a fall-back longer form entry that is meant to be carried and shared by social media. most of my own traffic comes indirectly. last month a post of mine received over reads in a day – with almost all traffic coming from facebook. but as i can’t follow back the trail, i have no idea who shared the link to my blog or why. i have also seen blog posts being shared from author to reader to reader-once-removed via newsletter. when a particular article resonates, you can sometimes see it appear in a new newsletter every week, each recommendation like a ripple in a pond — a little bit of text pushing the readership of a piece of writing just a bit wider than the original audience. while i get a rush of serotonin every time something i write resonates with readers who share my writing, i still want to write work that decidedly isn’t mean to resonate with a wide audience. i still want to have a place where i can write and share posts that might be useful to some readers. what i’m trying to say is, i want to share a boring bit of writing now and i know it’s boring and i want you to know that i’m aware that it’s boring. ❦ i have two recommended practices that i would like to share with those who might find it useful as many of us are now working in a always online environment. these practices have worked for me and they might work for you. (your mileage may vary. all advice is autobiographical.) the first practice is one that i saw recommended by dave cormier and i was so pleased to see his recommendation, because i do that thing and it felt very validating. that suggested practice is to always keep a window open to a screen – for you it might be a word document, but for me, it’s a google document – in which you keep available for any time you need to drop a note or a link or an idea to return to later. there are many people who have amazing systems to manage their online ‘to do’ lists but i have found that creating a next action for every interest and facet of my person (as a librarian, as a mom, as a reader, as someone trying to eat healthier, as a gardener…) as too much for me. instead, i have found sustained success in the much more low-key logbook. i have one for work and one for home. on february , , i created a work log google doc. i know this because i started with a h heading of february , and then added a series of bullet points of what i had done that day. sometimes i drop links to matters that i need to read or follow up on. and when there’s something that i need to do and i don’t want to forget it, i add three asterisks *** so i can go back and control-f my log into a todo list. the next day, i add the new date at the top of the page and begin again. and that’s it. that’s my system. it’s like i’m perpetually stuck on step one of proper bullet journaling. the second suggestion is a practice that i’m setting up right now, which is why i was inspired to write this blog post in the first place. on july st, my workplace transitions to the next working year. for the last ten years now, i use the year’s roll over as an opportunity to create a new folder in my inbox for the upcoming year’s work. this year the folder reads . - i learned this technique when i accidentally saw the screen of my colleague and saw how she organized her email. i have to admit, i was first sort of shocked by this approach. why create nesting folders of email by year? why not work on creating folders by subject? are we not librarians? but this is the thing. even librarians cannot know a priori what categories are going to be useful in the future. rather than create a file system that works for you for a while but then slowly, slowly grows to become, over the years, a misshapen file tree of deep sub-folders and dead main branches… consider starting new. considering starting a new inbox from scratch every calendar year. and don’t create a single sub-folder within that folder until you receive an email that needs to be put away, and if doesn’t have a place already that makes sense, create a place for that kind of email. at the very least, for a new short months, everything will feel findable and understandable and it will feel wonderful. that is, if you live a life as boring as mine. ❦ maybe this is the real feature that separates blogging from social media: it’s the place where we can be boring. 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on june , october , categories uncategorisedleave a comment on blogging is dead… here are some tips to manage your online working environment			 	 		posts navigation 		page page … page next page 	 		 	 	 		about me 			librarian of things is a blog by me, mita williams, who used to blog at new jack librarian until blogger.com finally gave up the ghost. if you don’t have an rss reader, you can subscribe for email delivery through mailchimp. you can learn more about my work at aedileworks.com as well as my other blogs and my weekly newsletter. if you are an editor of a scholarly journal and think that a post could be expanded into a more academic form, please let me know. 		 	 		search for: 		 	 	search 		 		recent posts 			 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 		archives 				december 	november 	october 	september 	june 	may 	april 	october 	june 	may 	april 	march 	january 	july 	june 	may 	april 	december 	june 	may 	april 	november 	august 	july 			meta 			log in 	entries feed 	comments feed 	wordpress.org 			 		 		 			 			 			 								librarian of things 								 					proudly powered by wordpress				 			 		 	 catmandu 	 		 			catmandu 	about 	download 	tutorial 		 		 	 		 		 		 			 							may , 			 							 					 						catmandu . 					 				 					 		 			on may th , nicolas steenlant (our main developer and guru of catmandu) released version . of our catmandu toolkit with some very interesting new features. the main addition is a brand new way how catmandu fix-es can be implemented using the new catmandu::path implementation. this coding by nicolas will make it much easier and straightforward to implement any kind of fixes in perl. in the previous versions of catmandu there were only two options to create new fixes: 	create a perl package in the catmandu::fix namespace which implements a fix method. this was very easy: update the $data hash you got as first argument, return the updated $data and you were done. then disadvantage was that accessing fields in a deeply nested record was tricky and slow to code. 	create a perl package in the catmandu::fix namespace which implemented emit functions. these were functions that generate perl code on the fly. using emit functions it was easier to get fast access to deeply nested data. but, to create fix packages was pretty complex. in catmandu . there is now support for a third and easy way to create new fixes using the catmandu::fix::builder and catmandu::fix::path class. let me give an simple example of a skeleton fix that does nothing: package catmandu::fix::rot ; use catmandu::sane; use moo; use catmandu::util::path qw(as_path); use catmandu::fix::has; with 'catmandu::fix::builder'; has path => (fix_arg => ); sub _build_fixer { my ($self) = @_; sub { my $data = $_[ ]; # ..do some magic here ... $data; } } ; in the code above we start implementing a rot (path) fix that should read a string on a json path and encrypt it using the rot  algorithm. this fix is only the skeleton which doesn’t do anything. what we have is: 	 	we import the as_path method be able to easily access data on json paths/ 	we import catmandu::fix::has to be able to use has path constructs to read in arguments for our fix. 	we import catmandu::fix::builder to use the new catmandu . builder class provides a _build_fixermethod. 	the builder is nothing more than a closure that reads the data, does some action on the data and return the data. we can use this skeleton builder to implement our rot algorithm. add these lines instead of the # do some magic part: # on the path update the string value... as_path($self->path)->updater( if_string => sub { my $value = shift; $value =~ tr{n-za-mn-za-m}{a-za-z}; $value; }, )->($data); the as_path method receives a json path string an creates an object which you can use to manipulate data on that path. one can update the values found with the updater method, or read data at that path with the getter method or create a new path with the creator method. in our example, we update the string found at the json path using if_string condition. the updaterhas many conditions: 	if_string needs a closure what should happen when a string is found on the json path. 	if_array_ref needs a closure what should happen when an array is found on the json path. 	if_hash_refneeds a closure what should happen when a hash is found on the json path. in our case we are only interested in transforming strings using our rot (path) fix. the rot algorithm is very easy and only switched the order of some characters. when we execute this fix on some sample data we get this result: $ catmandu -i lib convert null to yaml --fix 'add_field(demo,hello);rot v (demo)' --- demo: uryyb ... in this case the fix can be written much shorter when we know that every catmandu::path method return a closure (hint: look at the ->($data) in the code. the complete fix can look like: package catmandu::fix::rot ; use catmandu::sane; use moo; use catmandu::util::path qw(as_path); use catmandu::fix::has; with 'catmandu::fix::builder'; has path => (fix_arg => ); sub _build_fixer { my ($self) = @_; # on the path update the string value... as_path($self->path)->updater( if_string => sub { my $value = shift; $value =~ tr{n-za-mn-za-m}{a-za-z}; $value; }, ); } ; this is as easy as it can get to manipulate deeply nested data with your own perl tools. all the code is in perl, there is no limit on the number of external cpan packages one can include in these builder fixes. we can’t wait what catmandu extensions you will create. 			 			 						 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in advanced, updates				 						tagged with catmandu, fix language, perl 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							april , 			 							 					 						lpw : “contrarian perl” – tom hukins					 				 					 		 			at : , tom hukins shares his enthusiasm for catmandu! 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in uncategorized				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							june , 			 							 					 						introducing filestores					 				 					 		 			catmandu is always our tool of choice when working with structured data. using the elasticsearch or mongodb catmandu::store-s it is quite trivial to store and retrieve metadata records. storing and retrieving a yaml, json (and by extension xml, marc, csv,…) files can be as easy as the commands below: $ catmandu import yaml to database < input.yml $ catmandu import json to database < input.json $ catmandu import marc to database < marc.data $ catmandu export database to yaml > output.yml a catmandu.yml  configuration file is required with the connection parameters to the database: $ cat catmandu.yml --- store: database: package: elasticsearch options: client: ' _ ::direct' index_name: catmandu ... given these tools to import and export and even transform structured data, can this be extended to unstructured data? in institutional repositories like librecat we would like to manage metadata records and binary content (for example pdf files related to the metadata).  catmandu . introduces the catmandu::filestore as an extension to the already existing catmandu::store to manage binary content. a catmandu::filestore is a catmandu::store where each catmandu::bag acts as a “container” or a “folder” that can contain zero or more records describing file content. the files records themselves contain pointers to a backend storage implementation capable of serialising and streaming binary files. out of the box, one catmandu::filestore implementation is available catmandu::store::file::simple, or short file::simple, which stores files in a directory. some examples. to add a file to a filestore, the stream command needs to be executed: $ catmandu stream /tmp/myfile.pdf to file::simple --root /data --bag --id myfile.pdf in the command above: /tmp/myfile.pdf is the file up be uploaded to the file::store. file::simple is the name of the file::store implementation which requires one mandatory parameter, --root /data which is the root directory where all files are stored.  the--bag  is the “container” or “folder” which contains the uploaded files (with a numeric identifier ). and the --id myfile.pdf is the identifier for the new created file record. to download the file from the file::store, the stream command needs to be executed in opposite order: $ catmandu stream file::simple --root /data --bag --id myfile.pdf to /tmp/file.pdf or $ catmandu stream file::simple --root /data --bag --id myfile.pdf > /tmp/file.pdf on the file system the files are stored in some deep nested structure to be able to spread out the file::store over many disks: /data `--/ `--/ `--/ `--/myfile.pdf a listing of all “containers” can be retreived by requesting an export of the default (index) bag of the file::store: $ catmandu export file::simple --root /data to yaml _id: ... a listing of all files in the container “ ” can be done by adding the bag name to the export command: $ catmandu export file::simple --root /data --bag to yaml _id: myfile.pdf _stream: !!perl/code '{ "dummy" }' content_type: application/pdf created: md : '' modified: size: ... each file::store implementation supports at least the fields presented above: 	_id: the name of the file 	_stream: a callback function to retrieve the content of the file (requires an io::handle as input) 	content_type: the mime-type of the file 	created: a timestamp when the file was created 	modified: a timestamp when the file was last modified 	size: the byte length of the file 	md : optional a md checksum we envision in catmandu that many implementations of filestores can be created to be able to store files in github, bagits, fedora commons and more backends. using the catmandu::plugin::sidecar  catmandu::filestore-s and catmandu::store-s can be combined as one endpoint. using catmandu::store::multi and catmandu::store::file::multi many different implementations of stores and filestores can be combined. this is a short introduction, but i hope you will experiment a bit with the new functionality and provide feedback to our project. 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in uncategorized				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							march , 			 							 					 						catmandu . 					 				 					 		 			catmandu . has been released to with some nice new features. there are some new fix routines that were asked by our community: error the “error” fix stops immediately the execution of the fix script and throws an error. use this to abort the processing of a data stream: $ cat myfix.fix unless exists(id)     error("no id found?!") end $ catmandu convert json --fix myfix.fix < data.json valid the “valid” fix condition can be used to validate a record (or part of a record) against a jsonschema. for instance we can select only the valid records from a stream: $ catmandu convert json --fix 'select valid('', jsonschema, schema:myschema.json)' < data.json or, create some logging: $ cat myfix.fix unless valid(author, jsonschema, schema:authors.json) log("errors in the author field") end $ catmandu convert json --fix myfix.fix < data.json rename the “rename” fix can be used to recursively change the names of fields in your documents. for example, when you have this json input: { "foo.bar": " ", "my.name": "patrick" } you can transform all periods (.) in the key names to underscores with this fix: rename('','\.','_') the first parameter is the fields “rename” should work on (in our case it is an empty string, meaning the complete record). the second and third parameters are the regex search and replace parameters. the result of this fix is: { "foo_bar": " ", "my_name": "patrick" } the “rename” fix will only work on the keys of json paths. for example, given the following path: my.deep.path.x.y.z the keys are: 	my 	deep 	path 	x 	y 	z the second and third argument search and replaces these seperate keys. when you want to change the paths as a whole take a look at the “collapse()” and “expand()” fixes in combination with the “rename” fix: collapse() rename('',"my\.deep","my.very.very.deep") expand() now the generated path will be: my.very.very.deep.path.x.y.z of course the example above could be written more simple as “move_field(my.deep,my.very.very.deep)”, but it serves as an example  that powerful renaming is possible. import_from_string this fix is a generalisation of the “from_json” fix. it can transform a serialised string field in your data into an array of data. for instance, take the following yaml record: --- foo: '{"name":"patrick"}' ... the field ‘foo’ contains a json fragment. you can transform this json into real data using the following fix: import_from_string(foo,json) which creates a ‘foo’ array containing the deserialised json: --- foo: - name: patrick the “import_from_string” look very much like the “from_json” string, but you can use any catmandu::importer. it always created an array of hashes. for instance, given the following yaml record: --- foo: "name;hobby\nnicolas;drawing\npatrick;music" you can transform the csv fragment in the ‘foo’ field into data by using this fix: import_from_string(foo,csv,sep_char:";") which gives as result: --- foo: - hobby: drawing name: nicolas - hobby: music name: patrick ... i the same way it can process marc, xml, rdf, yaml or any other format supported by catmandu. export_to_string the fix “export_to_string” is the opposite of “import_from_string” and is the generalisation of the “to_json” fix. given the yaml from the previous example: --- foo: - hobby: drawing name: nicolas - hobby: music name: patrick ... you can create a csv fragment in the ‘foo’ field with the following fix: export_to_string(foo,csv,sep_char:";") which gives as result: --- foo: "name;hobby\nnicolas;drawing\npatrick;music" search_in_store the fix “search_in_store” is a generalisation of the “lookup_in_store” fix. the latter is used to query the “_id” field in a catmandu::store and return the first hit. the former, “search_in_store” can query any field in a store and return all (or a subset) of the results. for instance, given the yaml record: --- foo: "(title:abc or author:dave) and not year: " ... then the following fix will replace the ‘foo’ field with the result of the query in a solr index: search_in_store('foo', store:solr, url: 'http://localhost: /solr/catalog') as a result, the document will be updated like: --- foo: start: , limit: , hits: [...], total: ... where 	start: the starting index of the search result 	limit: the number of result per page 	hits: an array containing the data from the result page 	total: the total number of search results every catmandu::solr can have another layout of the result page. look at the documentation of the catmandu::solr implementations for the specific details. thanks for all your support for catmandu and keep on data converting 🙂 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in uncategorized				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							june , 			 							 					 						metadata analysis at the command-line					 				 					 		 			i was last week at the elag  conference in copenhagen and attended the excellent workshop by christina harlow  of cornell university on migrating digital collections metadata to rdf and fedora . one of the important steps required to migrate and model data to rdf is understanding what your data is about. probably old systems need to be converted for which little or no documentation is available. instead of manually processing large xml or marc dumps, tools like metadata breakers can be used to find out which fields are available in the legacy system and how they are used. mark phillips of the university of north texas wrote recently in code lib a very inspiring article how this could be done in python. in this blog post i’ll demonstrate how this can be done using a new catmandu tool: catmandu::breaker. to follow the examples below, you need to have a system with catmandu installed. the catmandu::breaker tools can then be installed with the command: $ sudo cpan catmandu::breaker a breaker is a command that transforms data into a line format that can be easily processed with unix command line tools such as grep, sort, uniq, cut and many more. if you need an introduction into unix tools for data processing please follow the examples johan rolschewski of berlin state library and i presented as an elag bootcamp. as a simple example lets create a yaml file and demonstrate how this file can be analysed using catmandu::breaker: $ cat test.yaml --- name: john colors: - black - yellow - red institution: name: acme years: - - - - this example has a combination of simple name/value pairs a list of colors and a deeply nested field. to transform this data into the breaker format execute the command: $ catmandu convert yaml to breaker < test.yaml colors[] black colors[] yellow colors[] red institution.name acme institution.years[] institution.years[] institution.years[] institution.years[] name john the breaker format is a tab-delimited output with three columns: 	an record identifier: read from the _id field in the input data, or a counter when no such field is present. 	a field name. nested fields are seperated by dots (.) and list are indicated by the square brackets ([]) 	a field value when you have a very large json or yaml field and need to find all the values of a deeply nested field you could do something like: $ catmandu convert yaml to breaker < data.yaml | grep "institution.years" using catmandu you can do this analysis on input formats such as json, yaml, xml, csv, xls (excell). just replace the yaml by any of these formats and run the breaker command. catmandu can also connect to oai-pmh, z . or databases such as mongodb, elasticsearch, solr or even relational databases such as mysql, postgres and oracle. for instance to get a breaker format for an oai-pmh repository issue a command like: $ catmandu convert oai --url http://lib.ugent.be/oai to breaker if your data is in a database you could issue an sql query like: $ catmandu convert dbi --dsn 'dbi:oracle' --query 'select * from table where ...' --user 'user/password' to breaker some formats, such as marc, doesn’t provide a great breaker format. in catmandu, marc files are parsed into a list of list. running a breaker on a marc input you get this: $ catmandu convert marc to breaker < t/camel.usmarc | head fol record[][] ldr fol record[][] _ fol record[][] cam a fol record[][] fol record[][] _ fol record[][] fol fol record[][] fol record[][] fol record[][] fol record[][] a the marc fields are part of the data, not part of the field name. this can be fixed by adding a special ‘marc’ handler to the breaker command: $ catmandu convert marc to breaker --handler marc < t/camel.usmarc | head fol ldr cam a fol fol fol imchf fol . fol s nyua eng fol a fol a (paper/cd-rom : alk. paper) fol a dlc fol c dlc fol d dlc now all the marc subfields are visible in the output. you can use this format to find, for instance, all unique values in a marc file. lets try to find all unique values: $ catmandu convert marc to breaker --handler marc < camel.usmarc | grep "\t " | cut -f | sort -u s nyua eng s mau eng s njua eng s cau b eng s caua eng s mau eng s mau eng s mau eng s mau eng s cau eng nam a catmandu::breaker doesn’t only break input data in a easy format for command line processing, it can also do a statistical analysis on the breaker output. first process some data into the breaker format and save the result in a file: $ catmandu convert marc to breaker --handler marc < t/camel.usmarc > result.breaker now, use this file as input for the ‘catmandu breaker’ command: $ catmandu breaker result.breaker | name | count | zeros | zeros% | min | max | mean | median | mode | variance | stdev | uniq | entropy | |------|-------|-------|--------|-----|-----|------|--------|--------|----------|-------|------|---------| | | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | c | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | d | | | . | | | . | . | [ , ] | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | b | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | d | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | q | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | c | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | d | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | b | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | c | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | b | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | c | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . | | b | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | c | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | e | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | v | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | a | | | . | | | . | | | . | . | | . / . | | ldr | | | . | | | | | | | | | . / . as a result you get a table listing the usage of subfields in all the input records. from this output we can learn: 	the ‘ ’ field is available in records (see: count) 	one record doesn’t contain a ‘ a’ subfield (see: zeros) 	the ‘ a’ is available in all records at least once at most times (see: min, max) 	only out of ‘ a’ subfields have unique values (see: uniq) 	the last column ‘entropy’ provides a number how interesting the field is for search engines. the higher the entropy, the more uniq content can be found. i hope this tools are of some use in your projects! 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															 comments 														 					posted in uncategorized				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							may , 			 							 					 						catmandu . 					 				 					 		 			catmandu . has been released today. there has been some speed improvements processing fixes due to switching from the data::util to the ref::util package which has better a support on many perl platforms. for the command line there is now support for preprocessing  fix scripts. this means, one can read in variables from the command line into a fix script. for instance, when processing data you might want to keep some provenance data about your data sources in the output. this can be done with the following commands: $ catmandu convert marc --fix myfixes.fix --var source=publisher --var date= - < data.mrc with a myfixes.fix like: add_field(my_source,{{source}}) add_field(my_data,{{date}}) marc_field( ,title) marc_field( ,issn) . . . etc . . your json output will now contain the clean ‘title’ and ‘issn’ fields but also for each record a ‘my_source’ with value ‘publisher ’ and a ‘my_date’ with value ‘ - ’. by using the text::hogan compiler full support of the mustache language is available. in this new catmandu version there have been also some new fix functions you might want to try out, see our fixes cheat sheet for a full overview.   			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in updates				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							april , 			 							 					 						parallel processing with catmandu					 				 					 		 			in this blog post i’ll show a technique to scale out your data processing with catmandu. all catmandu scripts use a single process, in a single thread. this means that if you need to process times as much data , you need times at much time. running a catmandu convert command with the -v option will show you the speed of a typical conversion: $ catmandu convert -v marc to json --fix heavy_load.fix < input.marc > output.json added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) added ( /sec) in the example above we process an ‘input.marc’ marc file into a ‘output.json’ json file with some difficult data cleaning in the ‘heave_load.fix’ fix script. using a single process we can reach about records per second. it would take . hours to process one million records and hours to process ten million records. can we make this any faster? when you buy a computer they are all equipped with multiple processors. using a single process, only one of these processors are used for calculations. one would get much ‘bang for the buck’  if all the processors could be used. one technique to do that is called ‘parallel processing’. to check the amount of processors available on your machine use the file ‘/proc/cpuinfo’: on your linux system: $ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor processor : processor : the example above  shows two lines: i have two cores available to do processing on my laptop. in my library we have servers which contain   , , or more processors. this means that if we could do our calculations in a smart way then our processing could be , , or times as fast (in principle). to check if your computer  is using all that calculating power, use the ‘uptime’ command: $ uptime : : up days, : , users, load average: . , . , . in the example above i ran did ‘uptime’ on one of our servers with processors. it shows a load average of about . to . . this means that in the last minutes between and processors where being used and the other two did nothing. if the load average is less than the number of cores ( in our case) it means: the server is waiting for input. if the load average is equal to the number of cores  it means: the server  is using all the cpu power available. if the load is bigger than the number of cores, then there is more work available than can be executed by the machine, some processes need to wait. now you know some unix commands we can start using the processing power available on your machine. in my examples i’m going to use a unix tool called ‘gnu parallel’ to run catmandu  scripts on all the processors in my machine in the most efficient way possible. to do this you need to install gnu parallel: sudo yum install parallel the second ingredient we need is a way to cut our input data into many parts. for instance if we have a processor machine we would like to create equal chunks of data to process in parallel. there are very many ways to cut your data in to many parts. i’ll show you a trick we use in at ghent university library with help of a mongodb installation. first install, mongodb and the mongodb catmandu plugins (these examples are taken from our centos documentation): $ sudo cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb.repo <<eof [mongodb] baseurl=http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/redhat/os/x _ gpgcheck= enabled= name=mongodb.org repository eof $ sudo yum install -y mongodb-org mongodb-org-server mongodb-org-shell mongodb-org-mongos mongodb-org-tools $ sudo cpanm catmandu::store::mongodb next, we are going to store our input data in a mongodb database with help of a catmandu fix script that adds some random numbers the data: $ catmandu import marc to mongodb --database_name data --fix random.fix < input.marc with the ‘random.fix’ like: random("part.rand "," ") random("part.rand "," ") random("part.rand "," ") random("part.rand "," ") random("part.rand "," ") the ‘random()’ fix function will be available in catmandu . but can also be downloaded here (install it in a directory ‘lib/catmandu/fix’). this will will make sure that every record in your input file contains four random numbers ‘part.rand ’, ‘part.rand ′ ,’part.rand ′,’part.rand ′,’part.rand ’. this will makes it possible to chop your data into two, four, eight, sixteen or thirty-two parts depending on the number of processors you have in your machine. to access one chunk of your data the ‘catmandu export’ command can be used with a query. for instance, to export two equal chunks  do: $ catmandu export mongodb --database_name -q '{"part.rand ": }' > part $ catmandu export mongodb --database_name -q '{"part.rand ": }' > part we are going to use these catmandu commands in a bash script which makes use of gnu parallel run many conversions simultaneously. #!/bin/bash # file: parallel.sh cpu=$ if [ "${cpu}" == "" ]; then /usr/bin/parallel -u $ {} <<eof eof elif [ "${cpu}" != "" ]; then catmandu export mongodb --database_name data -q "{\"part.rand \":${cpu}}" to json --line_delimited --fix heavy_load.fix > result.${cpu}.json fi this example script above shows how a conversion process could run on a -processor machine. the lines with ‘/usr/bin/parallel’ show how gnu parallel is used to call this script with two arguments ‘ ’ and ‘ ’ (for the -processor example). in the lines with ‘catmandu export’ shows how chunks of data are read from the database and processed with the ‘heavy_load.fix’ fix script. if you have a -processor machine, you would need to provide parallel an input which contains the numbers , , to and change the query to ‘part.rand ’. gnu parallel is a very powerfull command. it gives the opportunity to run many processes in parallel and even to spread out the load over many machines if you have a cluster. when all these machines have access to your mongodb database then all can receive chunks of data to be processed. the only task left is to combine all results which can be as easy as a simple ‘cat’ command: $ cat result.*.json > final_result.json 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															 comments 														 					posted in advanced				 						tagged with catmandu, json path, library, linux, marc, parallel procesing, perl 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							february , 			 							 					 						catmandu . 					 				 					 		 			after years of programming, minor releases we are finally there: the release of catmandu . ! we have pushed the test coverage of the code to . % and added and cleaned a lot of our documentation. for the new features read our changes file. a few important changes should be noted.     by default catmandu will read and write valid json files. in previous versions the default input format was (new)line delimited json records as in: {"record":" "} {"record":" "} {"record":" "} instead of the valid json array format: [{"record":" "},{"record":" "},{"record":" "}] the old format can still be used as input but will be read much faster when using the –line_delimited  option on the command line. thus, write: # fast $ catmandu convert json --line_delimited < lines.json.txt instead of: # slow $ catmandu convert json < lines.json.txt by default catmandu will export in the valid json-array format. if you still need to use the old format, then provide the –line_delimited option on the command line: $ catmandu convert yaml to json --line_delimited < data.yaml we thank all contributors for these wonderful four years of open source coding and we wish you all four new hacking years. our thanks goes to: 	nicolas steenlant 	christian pietsch 	dave sherohman 	dries moreels 	friedrich summann 	jakob voss 	johann rolschewski 	jonas smedegaard 	jörgen eriksson 	magnus enger 	maria hedberg 	mathias lösch 	najko jahn 	nicolas franck 	patrick hochstenbach 	petra kohorst 	robin sheat 	snorri briem 	upasana shukla 	vitali peil 	deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft for providing us the travel funds 	lund university library , ghent university library and bielefeld university library to provide us a very welcome environment for open source collaboration. 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in uncategorized				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							june , 			 							 					 						catmandu chat					 				 					 		 			on friday june : cest, we’ll  provide a one hour introduction/demo into processing data with catmandu. if you are interested, join us on the event page: https://plus.google.com/hangouts/_/event/c jcknos egjlthk m btha o more instructions on the exact google hangout coordinates for this chat will follow on this web page at friday june : . to enter the chat session, a working version of the catmandu virtualbox needs to be running on your system: https://librecatproject.wordpress.com/get-catmandu/ 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in events				 						 					 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 							june , 			 							 					 						matching authors against viaf identities					 				 					 		 			at ghent university library we enrich catalog records with viaf identities to enhance the search experience in the catalog. when searching for all the books about ‘chekov’ we want to match all name variants of this author. consult viaf http://viaf.org/viaf/ /#chekhov,_anton_pavlovich,_ -  and you will see many of them. 	chekhov 	Čehov 	tsjechof 	txékhov 	etc any of the these names variants can be available in the catalog data if authority control is not in place (or not maintained). searching any of these names should result in results for all the variants. in the past it was a labor intensive, manual job for catalogers to maintain an authority file. using results from linked data fragments research by ruben verborgh (iminds) and the catmandu-rdf tools created by jakob voss (gbv) and rdf-ldf by patrick hochstenbach, ghent university started an experiment to automatically enrich authors with viaf identities. in this blog post we will report on the setup and results of this experiment which will also be reported at elag . context three ingredients are needed to create a web of data: 	a scalable way to produce data. 	the infrastructure to publish data. 	clients accessing the data and reusing them in new contexts. on the production site there doesn’t seem to be any problem creating huge datasets by libraries. any transformation of library data to linked data will quickly generate an enormous number of rdf triples. we see this in the size of public available datasets: 	ugent academic bibliography: . . triples 	libris catalog: . . triples 	gallica: . . triples 	dbpedia: . . triples 	viaf: . . triples 	europeana: . . triples 	the european library: . . . triples 	pubchem: . . . triples also for accessing data, from a consumers perspective the “easy” part seems to be covered. instead of thousands of apis available and many documents formats for any dataset, sparql and rdf provide the programmer a single protocol and document model. the claim of the linked data fragments researchers is that on the publication side, reliable queryable access to public linked data datasets largely remains problematic due to the low availability percentages of public sparql endpoints [ref]. this is confirmed by the study by researchers from pontificia universidad católica in chili and national university of ireland where more than half of the public sparql endpoints seem to be offline . days per month. this gives an availability rate of less than % [ref]. the source of this high rate of inavailability can be traced back to the service model of linked data where two extremes exists to publish data (see image below). from: http://www.slideshare.net/rubenverborgh/dbpedias-triple-pattern-fragments at one side, data dumps (or dereferencing of urls) can be made available which requires a simple http server and lots of processing power on the client side. at the other side, an open sparql endpoint can be provided which requires a lot of processing power (hence, hardware investment) on the serverside. with sparql endpoints, clients can demand the execution of arbitrarily complicated queries. furthermore, since each client requests unique, highly specific queries, regular caching mechanisms are ineffective, since they can only optimized for repeated identical requests. this situation can be compared with providing a database sql dump to endusers or open database connection on which any possible sql statement can be executed. to a lesser extent libraries are well aware of the different modes of operation between running oai-pmh services and z . /sru services. linked data fragment researchers provide a third way, triple pattern fragments, to publish data which tries to provide the best of both worlds: access to a full dump of datasets while providing a queryable and cachable interface. for more information on the scalability of this solution i refer to the report  presented at the th international usewod workshop. the experiment viaf doesn’t provide a public sparql endpoint, but a complete dump of the data is available at http://viaf.org/viaf/data/. in our experiments we used the viaf (virtual international authority file), which is made available under the odc attribution license.  from this dump we created a hdt database. hdt provides a very efficient format to compress rdf data while maintaining browser and search functionality. using command line tools rdf/xml, turtle and ntriples can be compressed into a hdt file with an index. this standalone file can be used to without the need of a database to query huge datasets. a viaf conversion to hdt results in a gb file and a gb index. using the linked data fragments server by ruben verborgh, available at https://github.com/linkeddatafragments/server.js, this hdt file can be published as a nodejs application. for a demonstration of this server visit the iminds experimental setup at: http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf using triple pattern fragments a simple rest protocol is available to query this dataset. for instance it is possible to download the complete dataset using this query: $ curl -h "accept: text/turtle" http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf if we only want the triples concerning chekhov (http://viaf.org/viaf/ ) we can provide a query parameter: $ curl -h "accept: text/turtle" http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf?subject=http://viaf.org/viaf/ likewise, using the predicate and object query any combination of triples can be requested from the server. $ curl -h "accept: text/turtle" http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf?object="chekhov" the memory requirements of this server are small enough to run a copy of the viaf database on a macbook air laptop with gb ram. using specialised triple pattern fragments clients, sparql queries can be executed against this server. for the catmandu project we created a perl client rdf::ldf which is integrated into catmandu-rdf. to request all triples from the endpoint use: $ catmandu convert rdf --url http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf --sparql 'select * {?s ?p ?o}' or, only those triples that are about “chekhov”: $ catmandu convert rdf --url http://data.linkeddatafragments.org/viaf --sparql 'select * {?s ?p "chekhov"}' in the ghent university experiment a more direct approach was taken to match authors to viaf. first, as input a marc dump from the catalog is being streamed into a perl program using a catmandu iterator. then, we extract the and fields which contain $a (name) and $d (date) subfields. these two fields are combined in a search query, as if we would search: chekhov, anton pavlovich, - if there is exactly one hit in our local viaf copy, then the result is reported. a complete script to process marc files this way is available at a github gist. to run the program against a marc dump execute the import_viaf.pl command: $ ./import_viaf.pl --type usmarc file.mrc - l $$aedwards, everett eugene,$$d - http://viaf.org/viaf/ - l $$aclelland, marjorie bolton,$$d - http://viaf.org/viaf/ - l $$aschein, edgar h. - l $$akilbridge, maurice d.,$$d - http://viaf.org/viaf/ - l $$awiseman, frederick. - l $$amiller, wilhelm,$$d - http://viaf.org/viaf/ - l $$ahazlett, thomas c.,$$d - http://viaf.org/viaf/ [edit: - - an updated version of the code is available as a git project https://github.com/librecat/marc rdf ] all the authors in the marc dump will be exported. if there is exactly one single match against viaf it will be added to the author field. we ran this command for one night in a single thread against . authors containing a date and found . exact matches in viaf (= %). in a quite recent follow up of our experiments, we investigated how ldf clients can be used in a federated setup. when combining in the ldf algorithm the triples result from many ldf servers, one sparql query can be run over many machines. these results are demonstrated at the iminds demo site where a single sparql query can be executed over the combined viaf and dbpedia datasets. a perl implementation of this federated search is available in the latest version of rdf-ldf at github. we strongly believe in the success of this setup and the scalability of this solution as demonstrated by ruben verborgh at the usewod workshop. using linked data fragments a range of solutions are available to publish data on the web. from simple data dumps to a full sparql endpoint any service level can be provided given the resources available. for more than a half year dbpedia has been running an ldf server with . % availability on a cpu , gb ram amazon server with . million requests. scaling out, services such has the lod laundromat cleans . datasets and provides access to them using a single fat ldf server ( gb ram). for more information on the federated searches with  linked data fragments  visit the blog post of ruben verborgh at: http://ruben.verborgh.org/blog/ / / /federated-sparql-queries-in-your-browser/ 			 					 		 		 							written by hochstenbach 															leave a comment 														 					posted in advanced				 						tagged with ldf, linked data, marc, perl, rdf, sparql, triple pattern fragments, viaf 					 	 	 	 	 	 		older posts 		 	 	 	 	 	 		 		 		recent posts 			 					catmandu . 									 	 					lpw : “contrarian perl” – tom hukins 									 	 					introducing filestores 									 	 					catmandu . 									 	 					metadata analysis at the command-line 									 	 					catmandu . 									 	 					parallel processing with catmandu 									 	 					catmandu . 									 	 					catmandu chat 									 	 					matching authors against viaf identities 									 	 					preprocessing catmandu fixes 									 	 					earthquake in kathmandu 									 	 					importing files from a hotfolder directory 									 	 					librecat/memento hackathon 									 	 					day : merry christmas! 									 	 					day : exporting rdf data with catmandu 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(optional) 			 			post to 			 			 				cancel 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 					 		 	 	 		 		privacy & cookies: this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. to find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: 				 			cookie policy		 				 		 perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies | mark a. matienzo skip to content w c svg main navigation menu 	 about 	 now 	 posts 	 notes 	 music 	 projects 	 publications 	 presentations 	 press perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare. oatmeal chocolate chip cookies for - cookies: 	 ounces unsalted butter (or ounces each unsalted and salted), softened 	 / cups dark brown sugar 	 large eggs 	 teaspoons vanilla extract 	 cups bread flour 	 teaspoon baking soda 	 teaspoon sea salt 	 teaspoon ground vietnamese or korintje cinnamon 	 / teaspon baking powder 	 cups rolled oats (or cups oats/ cup muesli) 	 ounces chocolate chips 	 / cup flaked coconut (optional) steps: 	in a large bowl, cream brown sugar into softened butter using a hand mixer or stand mixer until light and fluffy. 	add eggs, at a time, mixing until just combined. add vanilla extract and repeat. 	combine flour, baking soda, salt, cinnamon, and baking powder in a medium bowl, and whisk together or stir with a fork. 	slowly add the flour mixture (in - portions) to the butter, sugar, and eggs, mixing until combined. as needed, scrape down the sides of the bowl with a spatula. 	add the oats, chocolate chips, and coconut if desired, mixing until just combined. 	for best results, refrigerate at least hour. minutes can be sufficient, but save some of your dough for the following day. 	while refrigerating, preheat oven to ° f and prepare two half sheet pans with a silpat or parchment paper. 	when the dough is chilled, make balls of dough approximately the size of a golf ball. place each ball on the baking sheet and flatten with your hands, ensuring each are at least inches apart. 	bake for minutes, rotating the pans at the halfway point. 	transfer to a wire rack and cool for at least minutes before eating. 	store baked cookies in a sealed container. publish date: november , tags: 	 recipes 	 food syndicated at: 	 twitter.com 	 chaos.social by mark a. matienzo permalink comments invert colors: navigate by years or tags maisonbisson maisonbisson recent content on maisonbisson 	every journalist ryu spaeth on the dirty job of journalism: [e]very journalist [&hellip;] at some point will have to face the morally indefensible way we go about our business: namely, using other people to tell a story about the world. not everyone dupes their subjects into trusting them, but absolutely everyone robs other people of their stories to tell their own. every journalist knows this flushed feeling, a mix of triumph and guilt, of securing the story that will redound glory unto them, not the subject. 	the three tribes of the internet authors primavera de filippi, juan ortiz freuler, and joshua tan outline three competing narratives that have shaped the internet: libertarian, corporate, and nationalist. this matters because our physical lives are now deeply intertwined with and codependent on our internet activities. the latest information about covid regulations in many communities is first released on twitter, for example. a declaration is a political act, which describes what should be done. a narrative is a political tool, which elaborates on why it should be done. 	happy d.b. cooper day d.b. cooper day is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving, every year. 	vitaminwater's #nophoneforayear contest back in the before times, vitaminwater invited applicants to a contest to go a full year without a smartphone or tablet. it was partly in response to rising concerns over the effect of all those alerts on our brains. over , people clamored for the chance, but author elana a. mugdan&rsquo;s entry stood out with an amusing video, and in february the company took away her iphone s and handed her a kyocera flip phone. 	membership-driven news media from the membership guide&rsquo;s handbook/manifesto: journalism is facing both a trust crisis and a sustainability crisis. membership answers to both. it is a social contract between a news organization and its members in which members give their time, money, energy, expertise, and connections to support a cause that they believe in. in exchange, the news organization offers transparency and opportunities to meaningfully contribute to both the sustainability and impact of the organization. 	political bias in social media algorithms and media monetization models new reports reveal yet more structural political biases in consumption and monetization models. 	media monetization vs. internet advertising structural problems the internet is structured in favor of ad networks. ad spend grows approximately at the rate of inflation, but the inventory of pages on which those ads can appear grows with each new instagram post (about mm per day). internet advertising is far more automated than print, but the benefit goes to intermediaries and buyers. on average, publishers receive only about half of what advertisers pay for the advertising that appears in their publications. 	the argument against likes: aim for deeper, more genuine interactions it’s worth revisiting the infamous definition of social software as software that facilitates social encounters: &ldquo;social software&rdquo; is about making it easy for people to do other things that make them happy: meeting, communicating, and hooking up. [&hellip;] the trick you want to accomplish is that when one person is using your software, it suddenly provides value to that person and their entire circle of friends, without the friends having had to do anything at all. 	paid reactions: virtual awards and tipping likes and reactions can stimulate more signal, leading to more user-activity on a site, but reactions that members pay to give to creators and other members on the site can be a revenue source. reddit introduced reddit gold in in an announcement that was surprisingly candid about their need to raise money. the original reddit gold was a combination of both premium, ad-free subscription and a type of reaction that allowed premium members to &ldquo;gild&rdquo; a post. 	reactions reactions in twitter dms. likes are a most perfect binary, but the meaning of a like can vary. consider the following interpretations of likes on instagram: this photo is incredibly inspiring to me and i want it hanging on my wall i like it when you like my photos and comments, so i will like your work as part of the social contract we have settled into i appreciate your comment on my photo and i want to recognize your participation it’s difficult, however, to &ldquo;like&rdquo; something with painful or negative emotions. 	“likes” vs. “faves” wikipedia credits vimeo for introducing the first like button as a more casual alternative to favorites. facebook introduced the feature in early , but twitter’s story is an interesting investigation into the differences a word or an icon can make. twitter switched from faves to likes on november . &ldquo;you might like a lot of things, but not everything can be your favorite&rdquo; explained twitter’s announcement. they continued: [w]e know that at times the [fave] star could be confusing, especially to newcomers. 	all my flickr photos, for indexing and archiving links to all my photos in flickr. photo page, original size, large size photo page, original size, large size photo page, 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size photo page, original size, large size photo page, original size, large size photo page, original size, large size 	honey cocktails: eau de lavender liquor.com&rsquo;s recipe for eau de lavender, from a larger collection of cocktails with honey. they all look and sound delightful, but i can vouch for the eau de lavender. ingredients / oz tequila / oz fresh lemon juice / oz honey syrup egg white dash scrappy&rsquo;s lavender bitters garnish: lavender sprig steps add all ingredients into a shaker and dry-shake (without ice). add ice and shake again to emulsify thoroughly. 	satellite tracking if you&rsquo;re not reading skyriddles blog, then you&rsquo;re not tracking the sky above. and you might have missed the re-discovery of a satellite launched in and lost for nearly years. as it turns out, there&rsquo;s a lot of stuff that&rsquo;s been forgotten up there, and quite a bit that some are trying to hide. the blog is an entertaining view into the world satellites, including communication, spy, weather, research, and the occasional probe going further afield. 	i'm missing restaurants now @nakedlunchsf was notable for having both a strong contender for the best burger in the city, and the best veggie sando. they kept the menu short and focused, and changed it up every few days based on what was in season and interesting. it was great food, but not fancy. the food, warm atmosphere, and a welcoming front of house team made the place a favorite for me and many others. 	when unzip fails on macos with utf unzip can fail on macos when utf- chars are in the archive. the solution is to use ditto. via a github issue: ditto -v -x -k --sequesterrsrc --rsrc filename.zip destinationdirectory 	tiktok vs. instagram connie chan: rather than asking users to tap into a video thumbnail or click into a channel, the app’s ai algorithms decide which videos to show users. the full-screen design of tiktok allows every video to unveil both positive and negative signals from users (positive = a like, follow, or watching until the end; negative = swipe away, press down). even the speed at which users swipe a video away is a relevant signal. 	swipegram template benjamin lee&rsquo;s instructions and downloadable template to make panoramic carousel instagrams (aka #swipegram), as illustrated via his animation above. 	“it is clear that the books owned the shop... “it is clear that the books owned the shop rather than the other way about. everywhere they had run wild and taken possession of their habitat, breeding and multiplying, and clearly lacking any strong hand to keep them down.” words by agatha christie in photo: ️⃣ macleod’s books, vancouver, british columbia #penderstreet #downtownvancouver #mustbevancouver ️⃣ carlson &amp; turner antiquarian books, portland, maine #portlandmaine #lovemaine at instagram. 	“life is like riding a bicycle... “life is like riding a bicycle. to keep your balance, you must keep moving.” —wisdom by albert einstein the bosch autoparts shop behind these commuters is now converted to an organic restaurant that anchors the northeast corner of copenhagen’s fashionable meatpacking district. at instagram. 	notes about spotify creator features spotify often gets bashed by top creators. the service pays just $ . per stream, but with million users listening to an average of hours per month, those streams can add up for creators who can get the listener&rsquo;s attention. spotify verifies artists who then get additional benefits on the platform. some artists find success the traditional route, some optimize their work for the system, others work the system&hellip;and some really work it. 	exiftool examples i use for encoding analog camera details i&rsquo;m a stickler for detail and love to add exif metadata for my film cameras to my scanned images. these are my notes to self about the data i use most often. i only wish exif had fields to record the film details too. 	random notes on instagram delete your photos deleting your old photos is recurring advice to photograpehers. jp danko suggests deleting photos just for simplicity of management. similarly, eric kim recommends it for decluttering as well. from another side, mike dixon deletes photos as part of his reflection and self-improvement efforts. and caleb kerr argues emotional attachment to old photos is bad for your portfolio and can be a barrier to creating better work. rebrand a number recommend starting from scratch. 	every media has its tastemakers and influencers every media, network, or platform has would-be influencers or promoters who can help connect consumers with creators. don&rsquo;t mistake the value of these tastemakers, and be sure to find a place for them to create new value for your platform. 	storehouse: the most wonderful story sharing flop ever storehouse shuttered in summer , just a couple years after they launched, but the app and website introduced or made beautiful a few features that remain interesting now. 	“he had ridden his horse into the saloon on a dare... “he had ridden his horse into the saloon on a dare—his practice was always to accept dares; it spiced life up a little.” words: larry mcmurtry  at instagram. 	editorial efforts at scale anywhere you can find content—even user-generated content—you&rsquo;ll find a content strategy and editors ensuring that content aligns to strategy (and to community standards). 	somewhere, something incredible is waiting... “somewhere, something incredible is waiting to be known” words commonly misattributed to carl sagan, but most likely written by reporter sharon begley the eight-dish submillimeter array on mauna kea in hawaii was one of a global federation of radio telescopes used to produce the world’s first images of a black hole earlier this year. from wikipedia: “the radio frequencies accessible to this telescope range from – gigahertz ( . 	don’t make it dull... don’t make it dull if thou can’t make it colorful words by arrow at instagram. 	about that table of “hidden rules among classes” the following table has been circulating recently. i sourced it to framework for understanding poverty: a cognitive approach by ruby payne, phd, who sells educational materials and consulting services through her company, aha! process. poor middle class wealthy possessions people. things. one-of-a-kind objects, legacies, pedigrees. money to be used, spent. to be managed. to be conserved invested. personality is for entertainment. 	the couple in the booth next door... the couple in the booth next door, just been up all night smoking cigarettes and talking about life as the waitress hovers with nothing else to do but daydream about the cop she wants to screw words by david e oprava  silver crest donut shop, san francisco #americansquares at instagram. 	maybe life is all about twirling under one of those midnight skies... maybe life is all about twirling under one of those midnight skies, cutting a swathe through the breeze and gently closing your eyes. words by sanober khan at instagram. 	design exercises for product leadership in a way, my career in tech started with graphic design. and as a not very good graphic designer, i eagerly looked for ways to improve my work. nothing beats inspiration and skillful effort, but sometimes finding inspiration is a matter of changing how you look at the subject. there are some exercises that can help with that and sometimes offer a shortcut to inspiration when all else fails. consider an illustration project in which you need to represent a subject. 	sai morgan you say rolls i say royce you say god give me a choice you say lord i say christ i don’t believe in peter pan frankenstein or superman sai rode by on his bike and i invited him over for a photo. i’ve tried to send him the photos to the email address he gave me (s morgan@[redacted]), but i haven’t heard back. 	before i built a wall i’d... before i built a wall i’d ask to know what i was walling in or walling out, and to whom i was like to give offense. words by bob frost at instagram. 	normcore, mysticore, streetwear, and other words for “fashion” normcore normcore, at its most basic level, is fashionable people choosing to dress unfashionably, which is hardly a new idea. a case could be made that normcore has existed since the popularization of ready-to-wear clothing in the early s. any clothing that is not made by hand or commissioned specifically for a person is ready-to-wear. almost immediately after the creation of ready-to-wear fashion, it became a trend to wear what everyone else was wearing, especially if you were a wealthy person not used to sharing clothes with the commoners. 	how big is s ? tl;dr: somewhere between - exabytes. 	up in the air i go flying again/up in the air and down! how do you like to go up in a swing, up in the air so blue? up in the air i go flying again, up in the air and down! words by robert louis stevenson music cc-by-nc-sa: “cocek” by the underscore orkestra the swing is an installation at the #bombaybeachbiennale titled “the water ain’t that bad, it’s just salty” by @damonjamesduke and @ssippi with the bombay bunny club 	glitter, glitter, everywhere near the entrance, metal shelves taller than a man were laden with over one thousand jumbo jars of glitter samples arranged by formulation, color, and size: emerald hearts, pewter diamonds, and what appeared to be samples of the night sky collected from over the atlantic ocean. there were neon sparkles so pink you have only seen them in dreams, and rainbow hues that were simultaneously lilac and mint and all the colors of a fire. 	it's , and we need to fight for the future of the internet there are obviously conflicting opinions about how to piece together new and complex regulation, legislation, or tech innovation. but this has been true throughout history whenever a new idea begins to be broadly adapted. before the internet, we had to figure out how to manage cars and electricity and steam power and even the use of the written word (which many, including socrates, actually argued against). the internet is no different. 	the myth of the rv the myth of an rv is that you can go anywhere and bed down wherever you end up. the reality is that you can’t go just anywhere, and bedding down is not much more comfortable or convenient than tenting. 	astrophotography in san francisco from the space tourism guide: can you see the milky way in the bay area? unfortunately, it is very difficult to see the milky way in san francisco. between the foggy weather and the light pollution from million people, you can imagine that the faint light of our galaxy is lost to view. but c. roy yokingco argues: some people say the milky way cannot be photographed within miles of a major metropolitan area. well, this photo of the milky way was captured linear miles south of downtown san francisco, california. 	vijay selvaraj @iamvijayselvaraj looking like he’s modeling the new eos r for @canonusa while we were playing with strobes. at instagram. 	on building the plane while flying it &ldquo;building a plane while flying it&rdquo; or some variation has been used to describe situations in education ( ), education ( ). education ( ), health care, medicine, ride-hailing startups, business strategy, even fluffier business stories, and&hellip;this. and long before earning broad criticism for its use in tech, the phrase was vividly illustrated in an ad for electronic data systems (eds) that has since been appropriated for all the circumstances named above, as well as building churches: 	ed zak, photographer i found that hanging at red&rsquo;s java house and wanted to learn more about ed zak. i mean, with ad copy like this, how can you not want to know more? find out why you should fly our to san francisco to shoot with a photographer who will make you eat at red&rsquo;s java house and drive you around in this car. a photo shoot with ed zak is a photo shoot like no other. 	competing approaches to deadlines and excellence some people see deadlines as guidelines to aim for, not absolute dates by which a deliverable is expected by this view of deadlines as flexible guidelines can be seen throughout western culture, as exemplified by the ongoing, oft delayed brexit negotiations. however, deadlines also compete against other factors in any project. consider the three constraints in the project management triangle: 	a mathematical theory and evidence for hipster conformity in four parts academic publishes mathematical theory for conformance among hipsters: https://arxiv.org/pdf/ . .pdf mit tech review covers it, with a fancy photo illustration using a stock photo of a hipster-looking male: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/ /the-hipster-effect-why-anti-conformists-always-end-up-looking-the-same/ a hipster-looking male contacts mit tech review to loudly complain about their using a picture of him without asking: https://twitter.com/glichfield/status/ it turns out the hipster-looking male in the photo isn’t the same as the one who complained: https://twitter.com/glichfield/status/ 	the problem with content management systems in three tweet storms exhibit a: a series of tweets by gideon lichfield, editor of mit technology review and formerly of quarz, who asked: 	the legal case for emoji emoji are showing up as evidence in court more frequently with each passing year. between and , there was an exponential rise in emoji and emoticon references in us court opinions, with over percent of all cases appearing in , according to santa clara university law professor eric goldman, who has been tracking all of the references to “emoji” and “emoticon” that show up in us court opinions. 	inter-az cloud network performance archana kesavan of thousandeyes speaking at nanog reports that network traffic between azs within a single region is generally &ldquo;reliable and consistent,&rdquo; and that tested cloud providers offer a &ldquo;robust regional backbone for [suitable for] redundant, multi-az architectures.&rdquo; thousandeyes ran tests at ten minute intervals over days, testing bidirectional loss, latency, and jitter. kesavan reported the average inter-az latency for each tested cloud: aws azure gcp . 	default fonts that could have been i learned about serif and sans serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and i found it fascinating. from steve jobs in stanford graduation address, explaining how he fell in love with typography during his time at reed college. he studied calligraphy like a monk, but&hellip;. 	spectre is here to stay as a result of our work on spectre, we now know that information leaks may affect all processors that perform speculation&hellip;. since the initial disclosure of three classes of speculative vulnerabilities, all major [cpu] vendors have reported affected products&hellip;. this class of flaws are deeper and more widely distributed than perhaps any security flaw in history, affecting billions of cpus in production across all device classes. from ross mcilroy, jaroslav sevcik, tobias tebbi, ben l. titzer, and toon verwaest (all of google) in spectre is here to stay; an analysis of side-channels and speculative execution. they continue: 	bare metal clouds are hard the problem, explains eclypsium, is that a miscreant could rent a bare-metal server instance from a provider, then exploit a firmware-level vulnerability, such as one in uefi or bmc code, to gain persistence on the machine, and the ability to covertly monitor every subsequent use of that server. in other words, injecting spyware into the server&rsquo;s motherboard software, which runs below and out of sight of the host operating system and antivirus, so that future renters of the box will be secretly snooped on. indeed, the researchers found they could acquire, in the softlayer cloud, a bare-metal server, modify the underlying bmc firmware, release the box for someone else to use, and then, by tracking the hardware serial number, wait to re-provision server to see if their firmware change was still intact. and it was. bmc is the baseband management controller, the remote-controllable janitor of a server that has full access to the system. 	taking net promoter scores too far pick somebody in your life and send them a message asking them how their day is going on a scale of one to . that&rsquo;s from author and game designer jane mcgonigal, quoted in reader&rsquo;s digest. 	helvetica vs. univers univers was intrinsically superior to helvetica. it had a much larger family at the outset, with members compared to four in . more importantly, its family was logically designed with consistent weights and widths, something that helvetica never achieved until its redesign as neue helvetica in . univers’ characters, stripped of “unnecessary” elements such as the beard on ‘g’ or the curve on the tail of ‘y,’ were also more rationally designed. 	spielberg on the theater experience there’s nothing like going to a big dark theater with people you’ve never met before, and having the experience wash over you. steven spielberg, quoted in chaim gartenberg&rsquo;s coverage of his speech at the cinema audio society’s cas awards. amusingly, according to gartenberg, spielberg has nothing against the streaming industry, he just really loves the theater experience and worries about what might happen to it. still, it&rsquo;s hard not to imagine the filmmaker being a little bit swayed by the talk of hollywood irrelevance in the face of netflix. 	how pixar dominated the last three decades of special effects pixar&rsquo;s renderman is the visual effects software hollywood didn&rsquo;t think they needed (seriously, george lucas sold off the lucasfilm computer division in ). years later, after producing landmark visual effects for films such as terminator and jurassic park and many more, the academy of motion picture arts and sciences honored pixar and the creators of renderman with an award of merit in &ldquo;for their significant advancements to the field of motion picture rendering as exemplified in pixar&rsquo;s &lsquo;renderman. 	there are no architects at facebook we get there through iteration. we don&rsquo;t try to build an architecture that is failproof. building an architecture and worrying about it for months and months at a time before you actually go deploy it tends to not get us the result we want because by the time we&rsquo;ve actually deployed something the problem has moved or there are more technologies available to solve different problems. we take it seriously enough to say &ldquo;there are no architects on the team. 	the problem with economies of scale economies of scale quickly become economies of hassle from jessamyn, amplifying the exasperation people feel when daily activities are made more complex by poor application of technology. in the example given, the phone app reduces costs for the provider, but doesn&rsquo;t improve the experience for the customer. people may not expect parking to be delightful, but that&rsquo;s not an excuse for making it frustrating. 	wither hardware startups? [i]t’s getting harder to find independent hardware startups that can scale up to something big without getting bought. from dieter bohn on the collective disappointment so many people feel about the eero acquisition. the rise of product ecosystems is increasing the costs and risks for independent hardware startups in every category. (perhaps that&rsquo;s why remarkable positions itself as the intentionally unconnected alternative to our phones.) 	turning off exposure preview on my fuji x-e nanda kusumadi has quite a number of tips for configuring a fuji x-e . those tips include using raw photo recording and turning on k video capture (they&rsquo;re off by default), and one i hadn&rsquo;t considered: enabling adobe rgb color space with its wider than srgb gamut. i prefer not to use some of other the suggestions, such as enabling electronic shutter (it reduces dynamic range). one setting not mentioned in nanda&rsquo;s tips is turning off exposure preview. 	something from nothing: a dog park, a parade, and... on a lark, jaime kornick created patrick&rsquo;s park. then she created a dog parade, then&hellip;. iheart mentioned the dog parade on the radio, local publications wrote about it, and the rsvps started rolling in. in total, more than people said they were coming. that’s when i realized i needed to get a permit. then she got a call: i told them the panel would consist of thought leaders within the canine community, bull shitting. 	market risks and opportunities for linux distro vendors ibm&rsquo;s acquisition of red hat got me thinking about how the market for commercially supported linux distros is changing. ibm is trying to find a foothold in a maturing market dominated by aws while the market for enterprise data centers is shrinking. so, where is linux being used (or will be used), and what&rsquo;s changing in those spaces? to be clear: this is about commercial linux distros, not upstack offerings like openstack, openshift, kubernetes, etc. 	kubesprawl this leads to the emerging pattern of “many clusters” rather than “one big shared” cluster. its not uncommon to see customers of google’s gke service have dozens of kubernetes clusters deployed for multiple teams. often each developer gets their own cluster. this kind of behavior leads to a shocking amount of kubesprawl. from paul czarkowski discussing the reasons and potential solutions for the growing number of kubernetes clusters. 	hard solutions to container security the vulnerability allows a malicious container to (with minimal user interaction) overwrite the host runc binary and thus gain root-level code execution on the host. from aleksa sarai explaining the latest linux container vulnerability. to me, the underlying message here is: containers are linux. from scott mccarty washing his hands of it. kata containers is an open source project and community working to build a standard implementation of lightweight virtual machines (vms) that feel and perform like containers, but provide the workload isolation and security advantages of vms. 	on asking the right questions long before digital cameras killed film, kodak and fuji were locked in a desperate battle for market share. film camera and mm film sales climbed steadily through most of the th century, and in , kodak dominated with % share of the film market, but then things started changing: kodak was said to have done a survey to determine whether its color films were what pro and amateur photographers really wanted. 	explore for inspiration, then test and focus cultivate exploration: as a leader, you want to encourage people to entertain “unreasonable ideas” and give them time to formulate their hypotheses. demanding data to confirm or kill a hypothesis too quickly can squash the intellectual play that is necessary for creativity. then ruthlessly prioritize for focus: [force] teams to focus narrowly on the most critical technical uncertainties and [rapidly experiment for] faster feedback. the philosophy is to learn what you have gotten wrong early and then move quickly in more-promising directions. 	government drinking game the department of agriculture [had] an annual budget of $ bn and was charged with so many missions critical to the society that the people who worked there played a drinking game called does the department of agriculture do it? someone would name a function of government, say, making sure that geese don’t gather at us airports, and fly into jet engines. someone else would have to guess whether the agriculture department did it. 	it just looks better that way in old english the past tense of &ldquo;can&rdquo; did not have an &ldquo;l&rdquo; in it, but &ldquo;should&rdquo; and &ldquo;would&rdquo; (as past tenses of &ldquo;shall&rdquo; and &ldquo;will&quot;) did. the &ldquo;l&rdquo; was stuck into &ldquo;could&rdquo; in the th century on analogy with the other two. from arika okrent, in a mentalfloss piece about the weird history of some spellings. the piece has other examples of spelling changes to conform words to some aesthetic or another, even when those changes were inconsistent with the history and etymology of the word. 	on building a culture of candid debate a good blueprint for [building a culture of candid debate] can be found in general dwight d. eisenhower’s battle-plan briefing to top officers of the allied forces three weeks before the invasion of normandy. as recounted in eisenhower, a biography by geoffrey perret, the general started the meeting by saying, “i consider it the duty of anyone who sees a flaw in this plan not to hesitate to say so. 	subtitling videos there are plenty of people and companies offering human or automated speech-to-text services for video captioning, but embedding those captions in a video was a curiosity to me. bitfield ab&rsquo;s isubtitle is a straightforward choice that does exactly what you expect and adds no complications. however, google drive doesn&rsquo;t import captions embedded in videos, and instead you have to upload them separately. 	shuffle sharding in dropbox's storage infrastructure first, some terms and context: [we aggregate blocks] into gb logical storage containers called buckets. [buckets] are aggregated together and erasure coded for storage efficiency. we use the term volume to refer to one or more buckets replicated onto a set of physical storage nodes. osds [are] storage boxes full of disks that can store over a petabyte of data in a single machine, or over pb per rack. 	parts of a network you should know about if you’re running infrastructure and applications on aws then you will encounter all of these things. they’re not the only parts of a network setup but they are, in my experience, the most important ones. the start of graham lyons&rsquo; introduction to networking on aws, which (though the terms may change) is a pretty good primer for networking in any cloud environment. though cloud infrastructure providers have to deal with things at a different later, graham&rsquo;s post covers the basics—vpcs, subnets, availability zones, routing tables, gateways, and security groups—that customers need to manage when assembling their applications. 	we're gonna need a bigger prng cycle length... the general lesson here is that, even for a high quality prng, you can’t assume a random distribution unless the generator’s cycle length is much larger than the number of random values you’re generating. a good general heuristic is — if you need to use n random values you need a prng with a cycle length of at least n². from a post by mike malone on prngs vs. 	on uber eats nobody knows your restaurant is a popup for independent or family-owned restaurants with less traffic, douglass points to the pop-up restaurant. not to be confused with popup restaurants, which are dining concepts open for a limited time. popups are cooking stations within the main kitchen of a restaurant dedicated to fulfilling delivery-only orders. eater recently profiled a dallas, tx-based chain called sushiyaa, which owns five physical locations but houses a couple dozen brands within them. the virtual brands are only available through uber eats. 	interconnected, machine readable data, at scale the nga provides a free database with no regulations on its use. maxmind takes some coordinates from that database and slaps ip addresses on them. then ip mapping sites, as well as phone carriers offering “find my phone” services, display those coordinates on maps as distinct and exact locations, ignoring the “accuracy radius” that is supposed to accompany them. “we assume the correctness of data, and often these people who are supposed to be competent make mistakes and those mistakes then are very detrimental to people’s daily lives,” said olivier. 	interfaces, surface area, durability a dos program can be made to run unmodified on pretty much any computer made since the s. a javascript app might break with tomorrow’s chrome update &mdash; joe groff (@jckarter) july , a dos program can be made to run unmodified on pretty much any computer made since the s. a javascript app might break with tomorrow’s chrome update from joe groff, who wonders if developers will choose old platforms running in emulators over more complex and volatile modern platforms. 	in praise of refactoring under the right conditions refactoring provides a sort of express lane to becoming a master developer. [&hellip;] through refactoring, a developer can develop insights, skills, and techniques more quickly by addressing a well understood problem from a more experienced perspective. practice make perfect. if not the code, maybe the coder. from patrick goddi, who argues refactoring is about more than code quality. 	the day-to-day drudgery of state sponsored hacking after a review of bids and testing the capabilities of some of the exploits offered, the team decided to build its own malware. &ldquo;this is the only inexpensive way to get to the iphone, except for the [israeli] solution for million and that’s only for whatsapp,&rdquo; explained one team member in a message. &ldquo;we still need viber, skype, gmail, and so on.” the same was true of the android and windows malware and the back-end tools used to manage the campaign. 	who controls the menu? when people are given a menu of choices, they rarely ask: “what’s not on the menu?” “why am i being given these options and not others?” “do i know the menu provider’s goals?” “is this menu empowering for my original need, or are the choices actually a distraction?” (e.g. an overwhelmingly array of toothpastes) from tristan harris, co-founder of the center for humane technology. it’s the first of ten magic tricks he pointed to that technology companies use to hijack users’ minds and emotions. 	apple cloudkit uses foundationdb record layer together, the record layer and foundationdb form the backbone of apple&rsquo;s cloudkit. we wrote a paper describing how we built the record layer to run at massive scale and how cloudkit uses it. today, you can read the preprint to learn more. from an anonymous foundationdb blog post introducing relational database capabilities built atop foundationdb&rsquo;s key-value store. the paper about cloudkit (pdf) is also worth a read. cloudkit is apple&rsquo;s free at any legitimate scale back-end as a service for all ios and macos apps. 	you can identify a dog on the internet, but will you bother to? you can construct any [effing] narrative by scouring the internet for people claiming something. it doesn&rsquo;t make it relevant. it doesn&rsquo;t make it true. from agri ismaïl&rsquo;s media criticism (start here). this isn&rsquo;t an issue of not knowing the dogs on the internet, it&rsquo;s a matter of not caring who&rsquo;s a dog in the interest of either clicks or political interest. 	technology choices, belonging, and contempt i was taught to be contemptuous of the non-blessed narratives, and i was taught to pay for my continued access to the technical communities through perpetuating that contempt. i was taught to have an elevated sense of self-worth, driven by the elitism baked into the hacker ethos as i learned to program. by adopting the same patterns that other, more knowledgable people expressed i could feel more credible, more like a real part of the community, more like i belonged. 	rollback buttons and time machines adding a rollback button is not a neutral design choice. it affects the code that gets pushed. if developers incorrectly believe that their mistakes can be quickly reversed, they will tend to take more foolish risks. [&hellip;] mounting a rollback button within easy reach [&hellip;] means that it’s more likely to be pressed carelessly in an emergency. panic buttons are for when you’re panicking. from dan mckinley, speaking about the complications and near impossibility of rolling back a deployment. 	don't let requests linger in practice, we have fixed whole classes of reliability problems by forcing engineers to define deadlines in their service definitions. from ruslan nigmatullin and alexey ivanov on dropbox&rsquo;s migration to grpc. also consider request replication. 	polarization vs. judgement in a polarized climate, opponents would jeer even eloquence from an unwelcome source; partisans would chant lovingly for public incontinence if delivered on behalf of the home team. from politico editor-in-chief john f. harris, talking about trump, but the point seems to apply far more broadly. 	shooting down star wars as a vehicle for exploring human relationships with future technologies into the ongoing fight between those who dismiss star wars as a shallow space opera vs. those who who would elevate the movies to a position of broader significance (so-called hard science fiction) strolls jeremy hsu, who points out: regardless of writer-director rian johnson’s intentions for “the last jedi,” his story transformed the adorable robotic sidekick into a murder droid with a will of its own. that would normally have huge implications in a science fiction story that wants to seriously explore a coherent and logical futuristic world setting. 	incident postmortems: customer communication incidents happen. the question is whether or not we&rsquo;re learning from them. there are a bunch of postmortem resources collected here to help teams maximize the learning and service reliability improvements they can gain from an incident. however, there&rsquo;s a separate question about how to communicate about incidents with customers. this definitely involves communications during the incident, but i&rsquo;m especially interested in customer-facing communications after an incident. these seem to be the key questions customers need answers to: 	pid controllers are way cooler than the wikipedia article lets on the wikipedia entry on pid controllers is perfectly accurate, but it seems to bury the elegance of the technology and theory. meanwhile, the article on gyroscopic autopilot (both maritime and aeronautical) makes no mention of pid controllers, despite that being the field in which the theory of pid controllers was developed. pid controllers are all around us. they make elevators accelerate and decelerate without knocking passengers to the floor or pinning them to the ceiling, they stabilize video for pros and consumers alike, they make anti-lock brakes work, and nearly every other automated task in the software and physical world where the control needs to be adjusted based on observed conditions. 	wikipedia quotes: mathematical models of vagueness and ignorance [f]uzzy logic uses degrees of truth as a mathematical model of vagueness, while probability is a mathematical model of ignorance. from wikipedia on fuzzy logic. 	ipads as primary computers: never say never this twitter thread has some points worth considering for those interested in how our expectations and relationship with &ldquo;business tools&rdquo; changes over time: and, in case that tweet disappears, here&rsquo;s the key text and the referenced gui review: i’m fascinated by the technical “class” obsession w/ ipads replacing laptops. this review of gui and mouse is what i think some of the review of the ipad will look like in years. 	common root causes of intra data center network incidents at facebook from to from a large scale study of data center network reliability by justin meza, tianyin xu, kaushik veeraraghavan, and onur mutlu, the categorized root causes of intra data center incidents at fabook from to : category fraction description maintenance % routine maintenance (for example, upgrading the software and firmware of network devices). hardware % failing devices (for example, faulty memory modules, processors, and ports). 	the entirely rational, yet surprising relationship between timecode broadcasts and sputnik many us folks just changed their clocks for daylight saving time, and here in california we&rsquo;re voting on a proposition that might lead to changes in california&rsquo;s time standards, so quite a number of people have time on their minds. meanwhile, on a national level, trump intends to defund one of the mechanisms we use to to synchronize time across the country. the national institute for standards and technology operates timecode radio stations. 	republics, power, and populism: their rise and fall mike duncan, writing in the washington post on the fall of the roman republic: some in the roman leadership could see clearly by the s and s b.c. that this socioeconomic dislocation was becoming an acute problem. they could see that, out in the countryside, families were losing their land, and in the cities, grain shortages were leading to panic and starvation. these poor families were certainly not sharing the benefits of rome’s imperial wealth and power. 	pour one out for the sears catalog, the original market disrupter whet moser pointed out this enlightening twitter thread that explains an aspect of sears i hadn&rsquo;t considered before: by disrupting retail stores with mail-order, it was empowering a demographic that was often underserved in their communities: the sears catalog succeeded because it got the goods to people who couldn’t get to stores. one of those demographics? african-americans. in a lengthy twitter thread, cornell historian louis hyman writes that it freed up black southerners from going to general stores, which was often (at best) a humiliating experience. 	donut tours everywhere i&rsquo;m a big enough fan of donuts that i&rsquo;ve planned tours to explore and celebrate them: : the lowell donut tour : donut tour : this time it&rsquo;s personal those tours focused on massachusetts, but it turns out that isn&rsquo;t the only state with a strong donut heritage. the butler county visitors bureau promotes a donut trail, including map, passport, and faq. those who complete the passport can receive an exclusive donut trail t-shirt. 	how to date your foodstuffs whet moser, suddenly making sell-by dates on food products relevant to me: about a quarter of us methane emissions comes from food rotting in landfills. the dates on our packaged food products look so authoritative, but the way moser tells it, they were invented by marketing folks to increase sales at the cost of disposing of otherwise good products that have an expired sell-by date. 	fuji instax back for hasselblad isaac blankensmith writing in petapixel about building an instax instant film back for a hasselblad : instant photos are magical. they develop before your eyes. you can share them, gift them, spill water on them, draw on them. the only problem is that most instant cameras are pretty cheap — that’s why i’ve always wanted to hack my medium format camera to take instant photos with shallow depth of field and sharpness. 	can we train ourselves out of color blindness? which one of the boxes has an irregular color? a screenshot of the igame color vision test. i&rsquo;m very color blind by traditional tests, but my score in this one has improved over time. am i learning the test, or&hellip;? 	psa reminder about takt time from wikipedia a common misconception is that takt time is related to the time it takes to actually make the product. in fact, takt time simply reflects the rate of production needed to match the demand. said again: it’s the required rate, not the actual rate. 	notes on observing the milky way notes from kevin palmer at dark site finder and matt quinn at petapixel. what is it? cc-by-nc-nd by bryce bradford kevin palmer: every star you can see with the unaided eye is located within the milky way. [&hellip;] but when most people talk about “seeing the milky way”, they are talking about the core of the galaxy. located in the constellation sagittarius, this is the brightest part of the milky way. 	restaurants, hotels, mustaches, wages matthew taub, writing in atlas obscura around the same time, the first modern restaurants were rising around paris. these establishments, primarily for the wealthy, sought to recreate the experience of dining in an upscale home. the experience was about more than food. waiters had to retain the appearance of domestic valets, who were forbidden to wear mustaches as a sign of their rank. diners were “paying to humiliate people in an almost institutional way,” says historian gil mihaely, who has published extensively on the subject of french masculinity. 	a cold day in coaldale a cold day in the desert. coaldale, nevada music cc-by-nc-sa: dan warren, “the debate” at instagram. 	bad maps are ruining american broadband karl bode in the verge: in policy conversations, isp lobbyists lean heavily on the fcc’s flawed data to falsely suggest that american broadband is dirt cheap and ultra competitive, despite real-world evidence to the contrary. isps also use this false reality to imply meaningful consumer protections aren’t necessary because the market is healthy (as we saw during the fight over net neutrality). 	s and cloudfront configuration frustration it turns out that the interaction between s , cloudfront, and route can be bumpy when setting up buckets as cdn origins. it’s apparently expected that a cloudfront url will read data from the wrong bucket url and redirect browsers there for the first hour or more. the message from aws is “just wait,” which makes for a crappy experience. 	time synchronization is rough cloudflare on the frustrations of clock skew: it may surprise you to learn that, in practice, clients’ clocks are heavily skewed. a recent study of chrome users showed that a significant fraction of reported tls-certificate errors are caused by client-clock skew. during the period in which error reports were collected, . % of client-reported times were behind by more than hours. ( . % were ahead by more than hours.) this skew was a causal factor for at least . 	parents in vs. this thread from breanne boland, which starts with a screenshot of another tweet: your parents in : don’t trust anyone on the internet. your parents in : freedom eagle dot facebook says hillary invented aids. 	twin beech, beatty, nv just outside beatty nevada you’ll find a weathered sign promising the services of a long-closed brothel, and next to it, an aircraft covered in generations of tags. the plane, a twin beach, made an abrupt and final landing in the s as the unexpected end to a marketing stunt—or perhaps a dare—gone wrong. sit at the bar in town for a while and you’ll get a number of stories. 	windows was mb. today we have web pages heavier than that! the title is a quote from nikita prokopov, who is wallowing in disenchantment. 	claim chowder from : computational photography way back in i wrote: i’m sure somebody will eventually develop software to automatically blur the backgrounds of our smartphone photos, but until then, this is basic physics. the new camera system in the iphone xs seems to have moved computational photography from the world of parlor tricks to the mainstream. update this blog post from the developer of halide, a premium camera app for ios, goes into a lot more detail about all the computation going on in the new cameras. 	the color of copenhagen the color of #copenhagen is it yellow, brown, mustard? i love all the shades. at instagram. 	the real goldfinger: the london banker who broke the world goldfinger, the bond film, is based on a premise that is incredibly foreign to today&rsquo;s audiences: moving gold between countries was illegal. oliver bullough in the guardian asks us all to think about that a bit more: the us government tried to defend the dollar/gold price, but every restriction it put on dollar movements just made it more profitable to keep your dollars in london, leading more money to leak offshore, and thus more pressure to build on the dollar/gold price. 	git foo a few git commands i find myself having to look up: resolve git merge conflicts in favor of their changes during a pull: git pull -xtheirs git checkout --theirs the/conflicted.file source viewing unpushed git commits git log origin/master..head you can also view the diff using the same syntax: git diff origin/master..head or, &ldquo;for a little extra awesomeness&rdquo; git log --stat origin/master..head updated since it was first posted: starting with git . 	things that make us dumber: air pollution, full bladders air pollution is making us dumber, study shows: the team found that both verbal and math scores &ldquo;decreased with increasing cumulative air pollution exposure,&rdquo; with the decline in verbal scores being particularly pronounced among older, less educated men. study links urge to pee with impairment: snyder and his team ran the study on eight individuals, who each drank milliliters of water every minutes until they reached their “breaking point,” where they could no longer hold their urine. 	maintenance and renewal abby sewell, with photographs by jeff heimsath, in the national geographic: every spring, communities gather to take part in a ceremony of renewal. working together from each side of the river, the villagers run a massive cord of rope, more than a hundred feet long and thick as a person’s thigh, across the old bridge. soon, the worn structure will be cut loose and tumble into the gorge below. over three days of work, prayer, and celebration, a new bridge will be woven in its place. 	hash rings, sharding, request replication balancing data and activity between shards your consistent hash ring leads to inconsistent performance: the basic consistent hashing algorithm presents some challenges. first, the random position assignment of each node on the ring leads to non-uniform data and load distribution. second, the basic algorithm is oblivious to the heterogeneity in the performance of nodes. from https://www.cs.cornell.edu/projects/ladis /papers/lakshman-ladis .pdf, which explains that cassandra addresses that common problem by “analyz[ing] load information on the ring and have lightly loaded nodes move on the ring to alleviate heavily loaded nodes. 	steven dean mcclellan, bombay beach steven dean mcclellan, bombay beach at instagram. 	improving automated fault injection automated failure analysis is hard, manual failure analysis requires great expertise. 	why this painting of dogs playing poker has endured for over years jackson arn in artsy: the “dogs playing poker” paintings, by cassius marcellus coolidge, belong to that pantheon of artworks—michelangelo’s david, da vinci’s mona lisa, botticelli’s the birth of venus, van gogh’s starry night, hopper’s nighthawks— that are immediately recognizable to people of all ages and backgrounds, including those who don’t readily admit to enjoying art. so how, pray tell, did a pack of dogs playing poker outlast so many other “serious” paintings? 	willie in christiana willie has lived in christiana since it was founded in at instagram. 	product managers, project managers, delivery managers, and engineering managers, according to quora i&rsquo;m trying to write some job descriptions, so of course i found myself in quora. what is the difference between program manager and delivery manager? as delivery manager, we ensure the projects are delivered on time and on budget. we are a slightly higher level work that project managers in the sense that we try not to escalate issues as much as resolving them and letting upper management know of relevant issues. 	twin beech, beatty this beautiful old twin beech lies wrecked and abandoned near beatty, nv. locals tell stories of how the plane was used to shuttle guests from las vegas to the town’s brothel in the s, but things went wrong with a publicity stunt, or perhaps a dare, and the plane made its final landing here. at instagram. 	love locks, copenhagen love locks in copenhagen toldbodgade bridge over nyhavn inlet. at instagram. 	campanology, noun the cambridge dictionary tells us that &ldquo;campanology&rdquo; means &ldquo;​the art or skill of ringing church bells.&rdquo; it doesn&rsquo;t give us a collective noun, however, but i&rsquo;m sure this is it: a group of bell ringers? that’s a &ldquo;pubfull&rdquo; with more at pinterest. 	bar velo, brooklyn bar velo, brooklyn #mediumformat #fujigw iii at instagram. 	transamerica pyramid, from columbus avenue #ispytransamericapyramid from the center of columbus avenue at broadway at instagram. 	tantallon castle, scotland tantallon castle, scotland at instagram. 	vxlan routing recommendations from cumulous networks vxlan routing recommendations from cumulous networks, which offers switch software (but not client software). https://cumulusnetworks.com/blog/vxlan-designs-part- / vxlan routing is the process in which a vtep receives a vxlan packet destined to itself, removes the vxlan header and then performs a layer route lookup on the inner decapsulated packet. since the vtep has to perform two sets of lookups, first on the encapsulated vxlan traffic then on the decapsulated inner packet, it requires special hardware asic to perform both lookups in a single pass all in hardware. 	flight of the bumblebee flight of the bumblebee music: jazzy ashes, cc by-nc-sa the underscore orkestra at instagram. 	steven dean mcclellan, bombay beach steven dean mcclellan, bombay beach at instagram. 	birdsong birdsong, mural by joshua coffy at instagram. 	flickr get photo page from image name let’s say you have an old-style flickr photo url like the following: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ _ c f .jpg now let’s say you want to find the page on flickr for that photo? put the photo id in a url like this: https://www.flickr.com/photo.gne?id= 	poulsen welding shop, susanville, ca poulsen welding shop, susanville, ca growing up, i remember welding and fabrication shops being common. not so much anymore. there are just over , self-employed welders in the us today, according to the bureau of labor statistics, but getting historical data from them is approximately impossible. looking for more, i found assembling magazine’s retrospective on how welding has changed in the past half century or so: new processes, such as electron beam welding, friction welding, plasma arc welding, friction stir welding, explosion welding and laser beam welding, have increased the range of materials and components that can be welded. 	object storage prior art and lit review this list is not exhaustive. instead, it is a selection of object storage implementations and details that appear interesting. some themes that it many or all of these comparators struggled with include: new systems to meet scaling needs facebook, google, and yahoo are all very open about having reinvented their object storage solutions to address evolving needs (typically cost and availability) as they scaled. those players dramatically reinvented their systems without strong regard for backwards compatibility, but evidence suggests s has gone through similarly dramatic changes as well, but without breaking api compatibility. 	naming things is hard. naming people is harder. michael sherrod and matthew rayback scoured american census records searching for atrocious baby names. the results are compiled in an amusing little book called bad baby names: the worst true names parents saddled their kids with—and you can too!. among the names they discovered were “toilet queen,” “leper,” “cholera,” “typhus,” “stud duck,” “loser,” “fat meat,” “meat bloodsaw,” “cash whoredom,”“headless,” “dracula,” “lust,” “sloth,” “freak skull,” “sexy chambers,” “tiny hooker,” “giant pervis,” “acne fountain,” “legend belch,” and “ghoul nipple. 	yongma land just a creepy fiberglass clown head at an abandoned amusement park outside seoul at instagram. 	stereotypical photo of the brooklyn bridge gray skies at the #brooklynbridge at instagram. 	yarn bombed, san francisco city hall yarn-bombed trees outside san francisco city hall at instagram. 	observing an abandoned building and open landscape, coaldale, nevada open floor plan, coaldale junction, nevada music: cc-by-nc-sa dan warren at instagram. 	feature flags gone wrong btw – if there is an sec filing about your deployment, something may have gone terribly wrong. from doug seven explaining how, in , that&rsquo;s exactly what happened. 	rain, san francisco much-needed rain soaks the tables at san francisco’s ferry building. at instagram. 	spencer wynn: hello project spencer wynn&rsquo;s hello project is everything i need right now. 	johnathan little i first met johnathan little on us route , about miles due north of pahrump, nv. he’d been walking since he left oklahoma one day a while back. #vanlife gets a lot of love on instagram, but johnathan joined the #walkinglife to regain his self-respect and lose some weight, and he seems on a path to do both. this photo was from the second time i met him, on my way back from beatty, nv. 	the kpa soldier guarding the door to north korea the door behind this kpa soldier exits to north korea. in addition to needing a stolid face, kpa soldiers must be expert martial artists, according to wikipedia. at instagram. 	no groceries, mina, nevada &ldquo;grocery, sundries, ice cream&rdquo; in mina, nevada at instagram. 	the paradox of tolerance less well known is the paradox of tolerance: unlimited tolerance must lead to the disappearance of tolerance. if we extend unlimited tolerance even to those who are intolerant, if we are not prepared to defend a tolerant society against the onslaught of the intolerant, then the tolerant will be destroyed, and tolerance with them. — in this formulation, i do not imply, for instance, that we should always suppress the utterance of intolerant philosophies; as long as we can counter them by rational argument and keep them in check by public opinion, suppression would certainly be unwise. 	aws regions, azs, and vpcs, nics, ips, and performance jump to section: availability zones and regions vpcs elastic ips and elastic network interfaces network performance resources by scope connectivity by scope availability zones and regions aws’ primary cloud is available in regions, each with two to six availability zones, not including separately operated regions (with independent identity) for govcloud and china. most aws services operate independently in each region (though identity is shared across regions in the primary cloud), and each service has its own (often region-specific) endpoint (many libraries and the aws cli simply insert the region name in the endpoint url). 	claim chowder: cloud storage ten years ago apple was still doing macworld expo keynotes, and that year they introduced time capsule. my response was this: forget time capsule, i want a space ship: so here’s my real question: why hasn’t apple figured out how to offer me a storage solution that puts frequently used items on local disk, and less-frequently used items on a network disk? seamlessly. ten years later: cloud storage is definitely the norm. 	dalhousie castle sunrise to sunset at @dalhousiecastle music: “the moments of our mornings” cc-by-nc kai engel at instagram. 	the make us proud and yld offices just another awesome day at the make us proud and yld offices (find them on twitter). @tomholloway is the star of this one, but you’ll see some others on the team working on a project for @joyent. shot with an @alpinelabs radian music is cc-by-nc-sa dexter britain at instagram. 	good enough, satisficing, and meeting market demand nanda kusumadi: companies tend to over-serve customers in their products to the point that the surplus of performance metrics cannot be consumed. this leads to waste in r&amp;d, build and operational resources, basically a waste of human capital. over-serving products have been optimised well beyond what a user can consume. 	atomic cafe neon the famous neon sign at @atomicliquors, #lasvegas’ oldest bar, where s patrons used to enjoy views of nuclear tests from the roof. i had the joy of meeting the former owner, joe sobchik, on a visit in . i stopped by around am (yes, i make a habit of visiting bars early in the morning) and found the owner, joe sobchik, sipping a coffee at the bar. he was a man full of stories, i could tell, but i was foolishly unprepared. 	aws' andy troutman on component reusability what we do first is we build very simple foundational building block services … we will build the simplest possible service that you could think of. the next thing we do is we encourage an open marketplace within amazon so individual teams can use, optimize, and extend these basic services. we use our individual [teams] as a test lab to experiment on better ways to do things, and when we find something that seems to be working, we look for ways to [grow it and use it more] broadly. 	drivers and “standards” for both network and block storage, aws is doing significant work to develop and maintain drivers in a variety of guest oss. some of this work improves performance for guest oss running in any modern hardware virtualized environment, but not everything is directly portable. this discussion about adding ena support for netmap is one example. otoh, amazon seems to be sponsoring driver development (see freebsd) when they’re not doing it themselves (see linux). 	hardware virtualization has moved to hardware one of my takeaways from aws&rsquo; bare metal announcements at re:invent this week is that the compute, storage, and network aspects of hardware virtualization are now optimized and accelerated in hardware. aws has moved beyond the limitations that constrained vm performance, and the work they&rsquo;ve done applies both to their bare metal hardware and their latest vm instance types. 	notes from "life of a code change to a tier service (dev )" at aws re:invent andy troutman&rsquo;s talk is useful in explaining complex deployment workflows to management types. 	camera advice: a film camera for a novice a friend of mine sent me a question about a good film camera to get started with: my partner has been thinking for some time about her first camera and she likes the idea of film photography. her birthday is coming up and i’m thinking of buying a camera as a surprise gift to bring on an upcoming backpacking trip. it’s just a thought. we don’t buy each other a lot of stuff because we’re big on experiences, and we save our money so we can travel to see each other. 	dave wascha's years of product management advice in minutes dave wascha (li) speaking at mind the product in san francisco on advice he wished he had as a younger product manager: link to video. you should watch the video, but here&rsquo;s the short version: listen to your customers: focus on deeply understanding your customers’ problems. don’t listen to your customers: it’s up to product managers to figure out solutions to those problems, not customers. my addition: they&rsquo;d ask for faster horses. 	vcrs that rewind faster a story, possibly apocryphal (i.e. i can no longer find the source), tells of electronics manufacturers asking customers what features they wanted in their home video equipment. “vcrs that rewind faster,” they cried. instead they got dvds that didn’t need rewinding. i was remembering that story and went looking to source it and all i could find was my blog post from a decade ago. of course once we got dvds, we then needed to solve the frustrations of the video rental store. 	continuous disruption trains were once seen as icons of freedom. they freed riders from the dust and bumps of horse or stagecoach travel, and dramatically shortened travel times. but that view of trains as agents of freedom changed with the development of the automobile—and the way it shifted control of routes and schedules from the railroad to the driver. this isn&rsquo;t about transportation policy , it&rsquo;s about how previously novel solutions become subject to disruption once they become the baseline against which alternatives are compared. 	mortmar, california carniceria, liquor, grocery this was once north shore, california, but many maps now label it mortmar. at instagram. 	gender stereotypes, toys, and the sears catalog elizabeth sweet, writing in the new york times, way back in on her research into the role of gender stereotypes in the marketing of toys: during my research into the role of gender in sears catalog toy advertisements over the th century, i found that in , very few toys were explicitly marketed according to gender, and nearly percent showed no markings of gender whatsoever. in the s, toy ads often defied gender stereotypes by showing girls building and playing airplane captain, and boys cooking in the kitchen. 	lawrence lessig: republic, lost lawrence lessig in a talk at google in speaking on the topic of his book, republic, lost. his talk concludes: this nation faces critical problems requiring serious attention, but we don&rsquo;t have institutions capable of giving them this attention. they are distracted, unable to focus. and who is to blame for that? who is responsible? i think it&rsquo;s too easy to point to the blagojeviches and hold them responsible, to point to the 	looking up at muir woods end of summer at #muirwoods with a @lomography #spinner at instagram. 	extraterrestrial highway, nevada the extraterrestrial highway, just north of area at instagram. 	ranch hand at auction a ranch hand stands ready to call a bidder in the cowboy auction at the @californiamidstatefair. though they’re traditionally agricultural events, fairs were typically founded by local businesses leaders seeking to grow commerce. basically, they were the tech events of their time. at instagram. 	street jazz new orleans-style jazz on the embarcadero near fisherman’s wharf, shot on #kodak #ektar with a #hasselblad #hasselblad elm at instagram. 	mendocino sunset sunset on the mendocino coast outside at @heritagehouseresort at instagram. 	no more border walls, please america’s greatest legacy is found in the freedoms we uphold for all, not the prohibitions we levy on others. fences, walls, and travel bans are contrary to that legacy. #usmexicoborder #borderfence, #calexico at instagram. 	hearst castle tour hearst castle in mm music: cc-by-nc charmed life by adam selzer at instagram. 	contrails above sutro tower #parallel #contrails above #sutrotower, from #twinpeaks, #sanfrancisco at instagram. 	user stories are documentation while writing up the draft docs for joyent&rsquo;s container name service i leaned heavily on the user stories and use-cases for the feature. it has me realizing that we should consider user stories to be the first draft of the user documentation. indeed, consider that well-written docs and user stories have similar qualities: a user, goal, and benefit, in clear language that’s accessible in small, focused chunks. the cns docs are now in our core documentation library, and i&rsquo;m happy that we&rsquo;ve updated the content management system to support deep linking to individual headings, like this one about adding cns service tags when creating an instance with the triton cli. 	everybody smiles while rolling down the hill... everybody smiles while rolling down the hill at the bring your own big wheel event! at instagram. 	ancient aztec chemistry a - blend of morning glory juice and latex created rubber with maximum bounciness, while a - mix of latex and morning glory made the most durable material. it seems they were making bouncy balls for fun and sport. but, to be clear about the ingredients: morning glory plants tend to grow near rubber trees, and both plants were considered sacred in several mesoamerican cultures. morning glory, for example, was also used in religious ceremonies for its hallucinogenic properties. 	no gas at mina, nevada mina, nevada at instagram. 	echoes of product management advice in declarative vs. imperative programming the following line in a post about the difference between declarative vs. imperative programming caught my attention for the way it echoes product management best practices: [i]t’s often good not to think of how you want to accomplish a result, but instead what the component should look like in it’s new state. of course it does matter how you get to where you&rsquo;re going, but it&rsquo;s a whole lot easier if you first focus on aligning everybody on goals and where you&rsquo;re going. 	the hotel huntington and sf skyline the hotel huntington (now @thescarlet_sf) atop #californiastreet, #sanfrancisco music: “faster does it” by kevin macleod (cc-by) at instagram. 	mcway falls #mcwayfalls in #bigsur music: “tomie’s bubbles” by candlegravity (cc-by-nc-sa) at instagram. 	sutro tower #sutrotower, #sanfrancisco music: “feeling dark (behind the mask)” by oop d (cc-by-nc) at instagram. 	tree, paso robles #lonely #tree in a #field in #pasorobles #california music: “silence await” by idk (cc-by) at instagram. 	at the little a’le’inn, rachel... at the little a’le’inn, rachel nevada. film, light leaks, bikers, and aliens. at instagram. 	following a winding road #summer on a #windingroad in #cambria #california music: shady grove by shake that little foot (cc-by-nc-sa) at instagram. 	the top of the mark #sunset at #topofthemark, #sf video: https://www.instagram.com/p/bgrsnl hejs/ at instagram. 	hotel huntington sign at sunset the hotel huntington (now @thescarlet_sf) atop #californiastreet, #sanfrancisco at instagram. 	winding road, cambria #summer on a #windingroad in #cambriacalifornia at instagram. 	will luo will luo at @tempestbarsf at instagram. 	get list of functions in bash script…look for those in argv # get function list as array funcs=($(declare -f -p | cut -d &quot; &quot; -f )) # parse out functions and non-functions i= declare -a cmdargs declare -a otherargs for var in &quot;$@&quot;; do if [[ &quot; ${funcs[@]} &quot; =~ &quot; ${var} &quot; ]]; then cmdargs[i]=${var} else otherargs[i]=${var} fi ((i++)) done echo ${cmdarg[*]} echo ${otherargs[*]} 	on disfluencies your speech is packed with misunderstood, unconscious messages, by julie sedivy: since disfluencies show that a speaker is thinking carefully about what she is about to say, they provide useful information to listeners, cueing them to focus attention on upcoming content that’s likely to be meaty. […]  experiments with ums or uhs spliced in or out of speech show that when words are preceded by disfluencies, listeners recognize them faster and remember them more accurately. 	san francisco’s mark hopkins hotel san francisco’s #markhopkins #hotel at the top of #californiastreet, on # mm #kodakfilm. #sanfrancisco #sanfranciscoca #sfca #sf #olympusstylus #kodakgold #kodakultra #kodakultragold #analog #film at instagram. 	compact camera recommendations a friend asked the internet: can anyone recommend a mirrorless camera? i have some travel coming up and i’m hesitant to lug my dslr around. of course i had an opinion: i go back and forth on this question myself. my current travel camera is a sony rx mark (the mark was recently released). some of my photos with that camera are on flickr. if i decide to get a replacement for my for my bigger cameras, i’ll probably go with a full frame sony a of some sort. 	bring your own big wheel brings smiles only a fool would try covering the #bringyourownbigwheel action on #film. i’m that fool. #sf #sanfrancisco #bigwheel #byobw #hasselblad #ektar #kodakfilm #film at instagram. 	zach houston’s poem store #zachhouston used to be a #mission regular, peddling his #poetry from a #poemstore made up of an old #mechanical #typewriter and carefully selected scrap papers. #sf #sanfrancisco #themission #valenciastreet at instagram. 	rewrite git repo urls a question in a mail list i’m on introduced me to a git feature that was very new to me: it’s possible to have git rewrite the repository urls to always use https or git+ssh, etc. this one-liner seems to force https: git config --global url.https://github.com/.insteadof git://github.com/ or you can add these to your .gitconfig: # use https instead of git and git+ssh [url &quot;https://github.com/&quot;] insteadof = git://github.com/ [url &quot;https://github.com/&quot;] insteadof = git@github. 	the tools on the jeremiah o’brien... the tools on the jeremiah o’brien are built to work on steam cylinders larger than oil drums. they’re mounted to the wall like trophies. on flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/maisonbisson/ / #bw #tools #jeremiahobrien #libertyship #sf #sanfrancisco at instagram. 	docker stories from new relic from new relic’s august blog post: [w]e didn’t try to create a full paas framework all at once. though this may be our eventual goal, it wouldn’t have solved the immediate deployment problem. we did not begin dockerizing our applications by starting with those that have the highest data volume. rather, we started with our simplest internal web apps, particularly stateless things that could scale horizontally. our early testing showed that high throughput apps are not a good choice for your first docker deployment, due to the docker network stack. 	sinistrality vs. dextrality in design photo cc-by-sa gerry dincher this post on why people focus on the right-hand side of a design is an old one, but still valuable today: these days there is a lot of talk about emotional design and how to properly create a connection between users and our products. focusing on the right-hand side of our designs can create these connections. we have the ability to influence and change a user’s belief in what is right and honest with our designs. 	hasselblad dating hasselblad historical and blue moon camera both offer this table to translate hasselblad serial numbers to year of manufacture: v = h = p = i = c = t = u = r = e = s = that should work for both the body and film magazines, though there are some exceptions noted in the comments at blue moon camera: 	how jackie chan wins tony zhou’ video is genius, as are the nine principles of action comedy he’s identified: start with a disadvantage use the environment be clear in your shots action &amp; reaction in the same frame do as many takes as necessary let the audience feel the rhythm in editing, two good hits = one great hit pain is humanizing earn your finish read the full video description for more, and consider donating to support his work. 	photo hipster: playing with cameras after playing with fuji instax and polaroid (with the impossible project film) cameras, i realized i had to do something with kodak. my grandfather worked for kodak for years, and i have many memories of the stories he shared of that work. he retired in the late s, just as the final seeds of kodak’s coming downfall were being sown, but well before anybody could see them for what they were. 	backbone.js and wordpress the three are from , so details may have changed, but they seemed useful enough that i’ve had them open in my browser for a while: http://kadamwhite.github.io/talks/ /backbone-wordpress http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/using-backbone-within-the-wordpress-admin-the-back-end–wp- http://code.tutsplus.com/articles/using-backbone-within-the-wordpress-admin-the-front-end–wp- 	parable of the polygons is the future of journalism okay, so i’m probably both taking that too far and ignoring the fact that interactive media have been a reality for a long time. so let me say what i really mean: media organizations that aren’t planning out how to tell stories with games and simulators will miss out. here’s my example: vi hart and nicky case’s parable of the polygons shows us how bias, even small bias, can affect diversity. 	unit test wordpress plugins like a ninja (in progress) cc-by zach dischner unit testing a plugin can be easy, but if the plugin needs dashboard configuration or has dependencies on other plugins, it can quickly go off the tracks. and if you haven’t setup travis integration, you’re missing out. activate travis ci to start with, go sign in to travis now and activate your repos for testing. if you’re not already using github to host the plugin, please start there. 	unit testing wordpress plugins we’ve been unit testing some of our plugins using the old wordpress-tests framework and tips from this blog post. the good news is that the framework has since been incorporated into core wp, the bad news is that it was changed along the way, and it wasn’t exactly easy to get the test environment setup correctly for the old wordpress-tests. i’ve had a feeling there must be a better way, and today i discovered there is. 	deliverables, iteration, and constraints when asked to give a timeline for project delivery, my first questions, of course, are about the details of the project. then, i take a guess about the timeline and double it, and fight like hell to eliminate blockers and distractions for the team, work with them on implementation theories, ask leading questions that help balance the “optimum” solution against the timeline, and put up whatever obstacles i can to any changes to the plan. 	ruins of roebling’s works from flux machine: a tumbler of kevin weir’s creepy gifs. the original is from the library of congress. if the name “roebling” sounds familiar, it’s because this is the company, founded by john a. roebling, that built the brooklyn bridge and setup a good business making cables, or wire rope. the roebling brothers suspected the fire was german sabotage. given the activities of the german ambassador at the time, the claim has a whiff of plausibility. 	google’s link policies raise hell for simple bloggers i get a bunch of emails like this: we have recently received a notification from google stating that our website has unnatural links pointing towards it. this has affected our rankings on google and as a result, we’re trying to clear things up. our website url is www.builddirect.com. we noticed the following links are pointing to our website from your site: http://becomingdonnareed.com/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/ /season- -episode- -style-note/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/author/sandee/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/category/style/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/tag/crate-and-barrel/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/tag/ikea/ http://becomingdonnareed.com/blog/tag/lumens/ http://becomingdonnareed. 	a/b split testing calculators mixpanel’s a/b testing calculator is a competent performer and valuable tool: thumbtack’s split testing calculator, however, is a surprise standout: that their code is in github is especially delightful. 	algolia search the multi-category autocomplete and autocomplete on filtering operators demos are interesting: 	mastery sarah lewis on mastery: mastery is in the reaching, not the arriving. it’s in constantly wanting to close that gap between where you are and where you want to be 	rebuild iphoto library yeah, iphoto is just about dead, and i’m probably a little crazy to still be using it at all, but i do and now i need to rebuild the library. the knowledgebase article can be summed to this: hold down the command and option keys while opening iphoto. you can’t just click the icon in the dock, you’ve got to double-click the icon in a real finder window (or some other context that doesn’t trap the keys like the dock does). 	x-ray scanners vs. film i’ve been enjoying my fuji instax , but i’m preparing for an upcoming trip and just remembered the challenge of flying with real film. cc-by-nc-sa vegard hagen. the flickr fuji instax room has a couple discussions on the topic, but the answers are inconclusive and unsupported by references. some people shared personal experiences suggesting there was nothing to worry about: studioesper: “never had any problems. i use to work by airports and go thru carry on xray just about everyday with a instax wide. 	porn consumption by geography and type this is shamefully old news, but pornhub released stats that correlate viewing preferences by geography and pulled out a quote too juicy to ignore: dixie loves dicks so much that the percentage of gay viewers for every single state in the south is higher than the average of the legal gay marriage states. i’m concerned that some of the numbers are contradicted in three different places in the same article, but it suits my worldview, so why bother questioning it? 	followup: triggertrap latency and fuji instax tips short answer: triggertrap app audio triggering latency is too long to capture a fast moving event. the app, the dongle, my trusty eos rebel xti, lensbaby (manual focus, soft edge details), and neewer flash worked, but too slowly. the phone was just inches from where i was throwing the dice, but the flash and camera were triggered after most of the action happened. most of the time the die flew off the table before the picture was captured. 	air-gap flashes for fun, and more fun this blog post by maurice ribble explains the problem with xenon flash tubes such as those typically used in photography: [x]enon flash tubes have a minimum duration of / , th of a second. that’s fast enough for most things, but not for a shooting bullet [that] travels around feet/second. in / , th of a second that bullet can travel about / rd of an inch leading to blurry photographs of bullets. 	what’s the minimum latency when using triggertrap audio triggering? cc-by-nc-nd by airguy the core point of triggertrap is to release the camera shutter faster and more reliably than can be done by hand, so this is a bit concerning: the explosion was so fast, that the triggertrap and camera just weren’t fast enough to capture it. so…what is the minimum latency between trigger noise and shutter signal when using the various triggertrap devices? it turns out they’ve gotten a lot of questions, and perhaps no small number of complaints about this issue with their mobile app. 	fuji instax tips and tricks cc-by-nc-sa by mychkine. on focusing and using the closeup attachment lens: if you want to take portraits, use [the included closeup adapter]. with the camera focus set to infinity, the point of sharp focus becomes meter. with the same [closeup] attachment the . - m focus setting gives pin sharp results at cm. (selfie range) the depth of field is quite shallow so it is easy to end up with blurred pictures if you mis judge the distance. 	yeah, he’s probably right apparently nate silver’s book on people being wrong is filled with errors: the text and chart are contradictory, and other errors in the comments. ncar’s computers are water cooled, not fanned with oxygen. 	meet the new media on the future of media, at the awl: of course a website’s fortunes can change overnight. that these fortunes are tied to the whims of a very small group of very large companies, whose interests are only somewhat aligned with those of publishers, however, is sort of new. the publishing opportunity may be bigger today than it’s ever been but the publisher’s role is less glamorous: when did the best sites on the internet, giant and small alike, become anonymous subcontractors to tech companies that operate on entirely different scales? 	the cameras i’ve enjoyed big huge labs reminded me that my flickr birthday is in just a few days. my first photo upload was on may , . flickr itself turned in february, but it was the big huge labs stat and the photo walks today that really got me thinking about how long it’s been. for whatever reason, that has me thinking about the cameras i’ve used over those years. ten years is long enough that i had to go looking to remember some, and long enough that i found some i’d forgotten. 	disclaimer in spam message you are receiving this e-mail because we just received a mass e-mail and the sender forgot to blind cc your addresses. we will only be sending this one e-mail so as to not pester you, so please contact us if you would like more information. 	people pay for photos like this first there was the bad engagement photos tumblr, but now it’s been one-upped by this crazy russian wedding photos livejournal. 	strobist david hobby on hdr i’ve been re-reading david hobby‘s lighting tutorial while at the same time exploring hdr (wikipedia’s hdr article is a good read for those unfamiliar with it). the question that eventually came to mind was how the guy that wrote the following feels about hdr? how often have you heard this, usually with a tone of superiority: “i am a purist, i only shoot available light.” (translation: i am scared shitless of flash. 	what makes us special? in daily kos this weekend: a common thread among young-earth creationists, gun enthusiasts, marriage exclusivists, and the %. the key point is that groups identify by what makes them “feel special.” distilled, here are the four groups: creationists: being created by god makes humans special gun enthusiasts: their role in protecting liberty makes them special marriage exclusivists: making marriage exclusive to straight people makes them special one percenters: their accumulated wealth makes them special i was interested in seeing the author’s evaluation of what may be a motivation for (some) members of the identified groups. 	on “do what you love” a friend forwarded miya tokumitsu’s essay “in the name of love” pointing out the steve jobs quote and summarizing that it “challenges the notion of work at what you love.” i read it with some frustration, then decided i had to ask my friend what he saw in it. i was already into my reply when i tried to look up other works by the author and discovered the piece has been positively covered by a lot of sites i respect. 	magic lantern for eos m the eos m is named as a “beta” supported camera, but you won’t find a download for it in the normal place. instead, you’ll have to use a “tragic lantern” build at tl.bot-fly.com. this forum thread is about the development, while this forum thread includes more how-to and documentation. canon eos m running magic lantern. from magiclantern.fm 	rumors subcomandante marcos, by jose villa, from wikipedia it started at the coffee shop. somebody pointed and made the claim, then everybody was laughing. “he looks just like him!” one said. “how would you know, he wore a mask!” exclaimed another. i looked him up. i could be accused of being a less interesting figure. 	how to identify context inside the wordpress dashboard on wp-hackers, haluk karamete asked: on admin pages, how can i detect that the current admin is dealing with a cpt? andrew nacin answered: get_current_screen()-&gt;post_type. [but] this will also specify a post type when it’s a taxonomy being edited. to filter that out, ensure that get_current_screen()-&gt;base == 'post', which is [true] for edit.php, post-new.php, and post.php (for all post types). haluk didn’t elaborate on the cause of the question, but the answer is very good advice for those seeking to conditionally enqueue js and styles only for specific post types. 	mysql performance tips from around the web gospel: use innodb, never myisam it seems everybody on stackexchange is singing from the same gospel: “[how can i] prevent queries from waiting for table level lock?” answer: use innodb. the major advantages of innodb over myisam. “even in a read-intesive system, just one delete or update statement will quickly nullify whatever benefits myisam has.” the main differences between innodb and myisam, including cache sizing recommendations. “how do you tune mysql for a heavy innodb workload? 	transcend wifi sd card hacking links http://www.fernjager.net/post- /sdcard: as a mhz linux system with mb of ram, using only ~ ma @ . v, the possibilities are endless! http://haxit.blogspot.com/ / /hacking-transcend-wifi-sd-cards.html: this post is written with the intention of exposing not only the exploits which will allow you to root (or jailbreak) the device, but also the process of discovering and exploiting bugs, some of which are a dead end, while others lead to the holy root b-) 	ads-b: the internet of things in the sky ads-b is a civil aircraft tracking and telemetry standard that the faa has ruled will replace transponders by . like a transponder, it’s used to identify air traffic, but with far more more information, such as altitude, heading, speed, and gps location. the protocol also supports delivery of weather, terrain, and notices to aircraft. the ads-b signals from aircraft in the sky are intended for receipt by both air traffic controllers on the ground and by other aircraft in the vicinity. 	need two-way encryption without mcrypt? in a typical lamp environment, but don’t have or can’t trust that mcrypt is available in php? try mysql’s aes_encrypt and aes_decrypt. go read the docs. 	where to buy a submarine no need to explain why, i understand: you need a submarine. and you don’t need a bathtub toy (really?), you need something that will truly wow them at the yacht club. there are a few soviet diesel subs built in the s through s that might be just the thing. photo: public domain, from wikipedia. source. the soviets built over whiskey-class subs, and quite a few of them are on the market now. 	manhattan project tours the manhattan project was among the us government’s’ first big secrets. it’s easy to forget that plutonium, the incredibly radioactive element at the core of the first atomic detonation, was only identified in . two years later army corps of engineers started construction of reactor b to produce it in industrial quantities. today, reactor b is a national historic landmark, and one of only a few locations of the sprawling manhattan project that the public can tour. 	where on earth can i get an weotype list? it’s not like these aren’t documented, but i keep forgetting where. woeid place types: $woetype = array( ' ' =&gt; 'town', ' ' =&gt; 'state-province', ' ' =&gt; 'county-parish', ' ' =&gt; 'district-ward', ' ' =&gt; 'postcode', ' ' =&gt; 'country', ' ' =&gt; 'region', ' ' =&gt; 'neighborhood-suburb', ' ' =&gt; 'colloquial', ' ' =&gt; 'continent', ' ' =&gt; 'timezone', ); they can be queried via yql: &lt;?xml version=&quot; . &quot; encoding=&quot;utf- &quot;?&gt; &amp;lt;placetypes xmlns=&quot;http://where.yahooapis.com/v /schema.rng&quot; xmlns:yahoo=&quot;http://www.yahooapis.com/v /base.rng&quot; yahoo:start=&quot; &quot; yahoo:count=&quot; &quot; yahoo:total=&quot; &quot;&gt; &amp;lt;placetype yahoo:uri=&quot;http://where.yahooapis.com/v /placetype/ &quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-us&quot;&gt; &amp;lt;placetypename code=&quot; &quot;&gt;historical town&amp;lt;/placetypename&gt; &amp;lt;placetypedescription&gt;a historical populated settlement that is no longer known by its original name&amp;lt;/placetypedescription&gt; &amp;lt;/placetype&gt; &amp;lt;/placetypes&gt; 	when not to use esc_js() from the codex for esc_js: if you’re not working with inline js in html event handler attributes, a more suitable function to use is json_encode, which is built-in to php. 	dynamic range vs. price and brand dynamic range is what keeps skies blue while also capturing detail in the foreground. without enough dynamic range, we’re forced to choose between a blue sky and dark foreground, or properly exposed foreground and white sky. i’ve been using multiple exposure hdr techniques to increase the dynamic range i can capture, but multiple exposures don’t work well with moving subjects. a camera that can capture good dynamic range in one shot would be better than one that requires multiple shots to do the same. 	happy d. b. cooper day! the fbi&rsquo;s wanted poster for d.b. cooper. d. b. cooper, the guy who hijacked a plane in and then — mid-flight — jumped into the darkness with a bundle of cash and disappeared, is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving. granted, this is mostly just a thing in ariel washington, where it’s said to have started in , but the participants are pretty passionate about it. 	a smaller microcontroller for smaller jobs i’ve been thinking a bit about how overkill a full arduino is for shutterfingers, and feeling a bit sheepish about how lazy i am about learning to use some other microcontroller. then i found this guide talking about the attiny : if you’re just blinking a few leds, and reading a single sensor, you can get the job done smaller and cheaper using a simple ic, like the attiny . using it requires a programmer socket and actually mounting the ic to a pcb, but it seems to have enough going on to be useful: 	if i did it over again, i’d make shutterfingers smaller shutterfingers is my simple servo controller that presses the shutter on cameras that don’t support remote control. my first attempt was in a sweet looking, but big aluminum case and incorporates a mah battery to power the arduino, servo, and external power for the camera. well, it all works, but i’m not sure why i approached it that way. having extra power for the camera is essential for some applications, but i’m not sure why i was so anxious to marry the two projects into one. 	just catching on: mysql supports tables in plain csv the storage engine docs are quite clear — “the csv storage engine stores data in text files using comma-separated values format” — and yet i never realized mysql supported it. sure, the tables don’t support indexes and repairing them seems riskier than with other tables, but it still seems to offer a lot of convenience for some things. a comment in the docs suggests how easy csv exports can be: 	on gamification stowe boyd, remarking on the pew internet project report on gamification in which he was quoted: the need for a renewed push in the enterprise to reengage every person with their personal work, to find meaning and purpose, has never been greater. but adding badges to users’ profiles on whatever work management tool the company is on, showing that bette is a super expert customer support staffer, or whatever, is the shallowest sort of employee recognition, like giving out coffee mugs to the folks with the lowest number of sick days. 	shutterfingers works! i mentioned my plans to make a servo controller to mechanically press the shutter button on a camera when signaled from a motion control timelapse robot. the parts have arrived and it’s running on a breadboard. i’ve had to make a few changes to the code, including fixing a variable reference, but the biggest change was to implement the internal pull up resisters on the arduino and reverse the logic. that simplifies the wiring. 	i guess i missed the hand car regatta i followed the raygun gothic rocketship from its former site near the ferry building in sf to its new location in calgary, to the website of the artist collective that made it, to another of their projects: the lumbering contraption, to the internet archive cache of the website for the event at which the contraption appeared, the abandoned facebook page for the event and the april notice that, after four years, the event was well and truly over. 	pcb prototyping services expresspcb promises for a fixed price of $ , you will receive identical layer, . ″ x . ″ pcbs with solder mask and silkscreen layers. that seems like a good plan, but i’m also very new to this market. are there other, better options? and, as long as i’m asking, what software is available for macs to sketch out the schematics and layout pcbs? this spammy article names some free choices and led me to a mac port of kicad. 	simple cameras john gruber links to mike johnston’s post asking: i mean, with hundreds of cameras on the market, wouldn’t you think they could make one that was super-simple, just for that segment of the population that wants it? to this i offer the panasonic lumix lx . i’ve been pretty in love with it lately, and i think it’s the perfect answer to that question. that’s the camera that defied the megapixel race of the late s. 	installing and using mencoder for timelapsing i have a new computer, which has me looking up my old documentation on how i encode still photos from a timelapse series into a video file. as i often do, i’m blogging about it now to make it easier to find next time i need to remember what to install and what settings i’ve found work well. i’ve seen a number of different solutions, but i mostly use mencoder, a command-line tool. 	of course i want an enfojer enfojer is an enlarger that uses your smartphone as both light source and negative. it’s on indigogo now. from the faq: what lens are we using in the enfojer? it is a wide angle polycarbonate toy camera style meniscus lens. it blurs the image just right so you don’t see the pixels on your print. yeah, we tried sharper and better ones, but the results were too sterile. 	fujifilm x and sony nex lenses if i get a new camera system i’ll need new lenses. i’m looking carefully at the sony nex e-mount and fujifilm x-mount because they offer fairly compact cameras with large, aps-c sized sensors. on top of that, however, i usually like to shoot a very wide-angle lens. on a sony nex, my best choice might be sony’s - mm sel- . that’s mm after the . x crop factor, and that’s just fine. on the downside, it’s an $ lens, and only has an f maximum aperture. 	what camera systems are worth it? given that my feelings for canon’s lackluster approach to mirrorless cameras, i’m now obligated to look for a new camera system, and that has me looking at cameras i’d previously ignored. fujifilm’s x system is a recent entrant into the interchangeable lens mirrorless camera fray (note that not all the cameras in the x line sport interchangeable lenses, or similar sensor sizes or body types). the x-e received a gold rating from dpreview, and the new x-m is looking like another good camera as well. 	the eos m system might as well be dead amazon is now selling eos m cameras for $ with free shipping. at that price you have to think about buying it as a joke, but that’s exactly what it is. the camera is hobbled by canon to avoid cannibalizing sales of their other products. consider this: fujifilm’s x series, sony’s mirrorless nex and cameras, panasonic and olympus‘ micro four thirds mirrorless cameras, and others offer good manual controls despite their small size. 	shutterfingers i started work on my first arduino project today, though i have yet to get the hardware. the plan is to build a servo controller that can trigger the shutter on my panasonic lx camera that lacks any sort of remote shutter release. i started looking into this before and found cris benton struggled with the problem as well. i’m planning to go down a path he blazed some years ago: put a servo on it. 	building geos on centos it should be simple, but i ran into a number of errors. first i got stuck on libtool: line : g++: command not found. it turns out i needed to install g++ using: yum install gcc-c++ then i got stuck on this one: platform.h: : : error: #error &quot;can not compile without isnan function or macro [...] &quot;coordinate.inl: : error: ‘isnan’ was not declared in this scope the author of this page faced the problem, but the real insight came from this bug report on an unrelated project: 	about those battery life ratings i added battery life as a factor in my recent review of cameras, but what does the reported battery life of a camera mean? assuming the translated pdf is correct, cipa standards for camera battery life amount to something like this: take pictures continuously until the camera shuts down due to power loss. fire the flash at full power for every other photo, if the camera has a flash. 	lumix lx sample photos a friend was asking about the lumix lx i named in my camera roundup the other day and earlier this year. i keep the lx in the list because of my experience with it’s predecessor a couple generations earlier: the lumix lx . he asked how it performs, but i struggled at first to find photos demonstrating it. i began to wonder if my memory of the lx was a little more glowing than the reality. 	why in-camera gps matters i concluded my review of current camera options with the claim that i’d switch lens systems for a compact interchangeable lens camera that had built-in gps. why do i want gps? because the competition for all the cameras i listed there is my iphone, and one of the reasons i prefer my phone is because every photo i take with it is a little breadcrumb helping me track my travels with very accurate date, time, and location information. 	summer camera options i reviewed a lineup of cameras i’d consider to replace my aging canon rebel xti and panasonic lumix lx  back in february, but i’m on a roll after collecting some film camera party packs so i decided to update this list as well. since i gathered my original list i’ve started using motion control robots and my photo habits have changed. given that, the priority of some of the options has changed a bit as well. 	back to the vault: old vacation pics shot on film my love letter to film cameras as a solution to smartphone addiction at parties had me looking for some old film photos. do we enjoy the idea of film more than the reality? i found a set of photos from a vacation to las vegas in april . it’s clear that whatever photographic technique i’d developed years before had gone fallow. at the time i was shooting with an olympus stylus epic, probably on kodak or speed print film. 	film camera party-packs in the old days, or the s at least, party hosts distributed disposable cameras. then digital cameras and smartphones after that became common. the number of photos has been growing, and in some cases so has the quality. but as the number of cameras has exploded so has the presence of cameras themselves in the photos, and as groups of people line up to be photographed, they’re often now outnumbered by photographers on the other side. 	detect mysql’s “too many connections” error wordpress appears to continue with execution even when mysql refuses connections/queries after init. here’s a comment in the mysql docs suggesting how to detect the condition in raw php: $link = mysql_connect(&quot;localhost&quot;, &quot;mysql_user&quot;, &quot;mysql_password&quot;); if (mysql_errno() == ) { // == er_too_many_user_connections (mysqld_error.h) header(&quot;location: http://your.site.com/alternate_page.php&quot;); exit; } just a note to myself, but i wonder if there’s opportunity here. 	sf gentrification debate i wade into this topic wearily, but i do love my new city, even in the moments where it drifts from critically self-aware to navel gazing. ian s. port’s july review of the media coverage of the gentrification debate included this nugget discussing ilan greenberg’s angle on the topic: [w]hat’s happening here isn’t gentrification at all, but merely middle-class residents using the word to conceal discomfort over richer people coming in and ruining their good time. 	data sources for geographic boundaries world.geo.json to mock something fast and loose with geo-json data for the world, this is your fix. legal status of this dataset: dubious? for a good time, drag them to http://bl.ocks.org/ and paint the globe! world-atlas [a] convenient mechanism for generating topojson files from natural earth. natural earth natural earth is a public domain map dataset available at : m, : m, and : million scales. featuring tightly integrated vector and raster data, with natural earth you can make a variety of visually pleasing, well-crafted maps with cartography or gis software. 	built for a purpose: geographical affordances and crime in cabinet spring , geoff manaugh investigates the relationship between geography and the crimes that geography affords. in the s, los angeles held the dubious title of “bank robbery capital of the world.” at its height, the city’s bank crime rate hit the incredible frequency of one bank robbed every forty-five minutes of every working day. [an fbi special agent once joked] the agency even developed its own typology of banks in the region, most notably the “stop and rob”: a bank, located at the bottom of both an exit ramp and an on-ramp of one of southern california’s many freeways, that could be robbed as quickly and as casually as you might pull off the highway for gas. 	peeking into other people’s photo rigs this all started because i went looking for a way to remote trigger a panasonic lumix lx . the internet is pretty certain that the only way to do it is mount a servo to mechanically press the shutter button. sad. but that led me into cris benton‘s world of photography from poles. yes, he mounts his camera at the end of a carp fishing pole (a noun so unknown to me i almost put it in quotes) to loft it up to ′ in the air. 	speeding up mysql joins on tables with text columns, maybe the thing about wordpress’ db schema is that text and varchar content is mixed in the posts table (to say nothing of the frustrations of datetime columns). that’s not such a problem for a blog with a few hundred posts, but it’s a different matter when you have a few hundred thousand posts. and it wouldn’t even be a problem then, except for this quirk in mysql: instances of blob or text columns in the result of a query that is processed using a temporary table causes the server to use a table on disk rather than in memory because the memory storage engine does not support those data types (see section  . 	what is the difference utf _unicode_ci and utf _general_ci? from the mysql manual: for any unicode character set, operations performed using the xxx_general_ci collation are faster than those for the xxx_unicode_ci collation. for example, comparisons for the utf _general_ci collation are faster, but slightly less correct, than comparisons for utf _unicode_ci. they have a amusing “examples of the effect of collation” set on “sorting german umlauts,” but it unhelpfully uses latin _* collations. and another table that helpfully explains: a difference between the collations is that this is true for utf _general_ci: 	canon + ios tethering solutions there’s magic that happens inside the camera. yes, magic. most cameras expose the controls to that magic via some knobs and buttons and a small lcd screen. the knobs and other physical controls we like, but the screen pales in comparison to those on our iphones. and that’s the thing, the hundreds of apps on our iphones leaves us wondering why our dslrs aren’t an open platform, ready to be reshaped by one app after another. 	testing apply_filters() times testing how long it takes to assign a variable versus assigning through wordpress’ &lt;a href=&quot;http://codex.wordpress.org/function_reference/apply_filters&quot;&gt;apply_filters()&lt;/a&gt;. filters are core to wordpress, but i haven’t yet looked at the total number of apply_filters() calls used throughout the code. the answer to this question is that calling a non-existing filter before assignment is about times more costly than simply assigning it. that’s nothing compared to the cost of actually doing some filtering, however. 	clarity from a distance the sky looks big from earth, but it’s rather different the other way around. i’m not saying it’s not quite an experience, but inspecting the metadata on this photo of new york and surroundings taken on christmas day, , during the first international space station mission surprised me. to wit: it’s only a mm lens. granted, that’s on an old kodak dcs digital camera (a nikon body with kodak imaging unit attached) with a . 	 rd party js libraries cause downtime facebook connect went down hard tonight. huffpo reports that their site was redirecting to a facebook error page, even when people weren’t attempting to log in. yep. busted third-party javascript brings portions of the internet to its knees: huffingtonpost.com/ / / /fac… — kent brewster (@kentbrew) february , it makes me more comfortable with our decision to strip so many rd party javascripts from gigaom during our last redesign. 	camera frustrations and other first world problems i’m not a camera pro. i have some photos on flickr, but it’s just for fun, so i don’t really need a new camera. but i do want one. thing is, there a lot of cameras out there, but none of them has the goldilocks factor. none has the right mix of features, size, and price that makes me happy. i now have an old canon rebel xti, panasonic lumix lx , and gopro hd hero in my camera bag, but i began to feel an itch when i realized my mm f . 	testing file include times for a file that may or may not exist question: should you check for a file before attempting to include it, or just suppress errors? calling file_exists requires stating it twice if the file does exist, so that could take longer. answer: the file_exists pattern is more than five times faster than the @include pattern for a file that doesn’t exist, and not substantially slower when the file does exist. the test: &amp;lt;?php $start_time = $end_time = $i = ; $start_time = microtime( true ); for( $i = ; $i &amp;lt;= ; $i++) { include __dir__ . 	an american iphone in europe by way of update on my earlier post after researching options for at&amp;t iphone users in europe (with an unlocked phone), i ended up not bothering with local sim cards in either the netherlands or france. a savvy user should be able to find a local pay as you go sim plan that’s less expensive than at&amp;t’s data roaming packages, but i’m that user and know very little about the local operators (not even all their names). 	svn or git? @film_firl poked @wordpressvip to ask @wordpressvip @mjangda @viper bond moooove to git!!! she half-kids. no really, please? — christina warren (@film_girl) january , @nacin piled on with @viper bond @film_girl @mjangda vip aside, it’s fairly crazy that wordpress.com hasn’t migrated. svn != tenable dev environment. — andrew nacin (@nacin) january , @viper bond tried to defend the team, and added @film_girl @wordpressvip @mjangda that said transitioning is not always worth it. 	where did all the votes go? what happens to voting data after the election is over? what happens to all those certified results by polling place? how is it that there’s so much coverage leading up to and on the night of the election, but this guy seems to be one of the few sources of historical voting data? amusingly, i found it linked on the library of congress’ website! there’s some very old sources from e. 	on wp_enqueue_scripts and admin_enqueue_scripts an argument has erupted over the wordpress actions wp_enqueue_scripts and admin_enqueue_scripts vs. init. one of the points was about specificity, and how wp_enqueue_scripts and admin_enqueue_scripts can reduce ambiguity. i didn’t realize i had strong opinions on it until the issue was pressed, but it turns out i think wp_enqueue_scripts and admin_enqueue_scripts are unnecessary and unfortunate additions to the actions api. here’s what i wrote in that discussion thread: is spatula city the store that’s most specifically targeted to the sale of fine spatulas? 	confirming that object references in arrays are preserved while cloning the arrays a short test to confirm references are preserved in cloned arrays. // create a stdclass object (using my lazy way of coercing arrays to objects) $object = (object) array( 'thing' =&gt; 'original' ); // add that object to an array element $array = array( 'object_one' =&gt; $object ); // clone the array by assignment to a new variable $array_two = $array; // add a new copy of the original object to a new element in the new array $array_two['object_two'] = $object; // show what we have so far var_dump( $object , $array , $array_two ); the result is: 	ignoring noise in svn diffs svn diff -x &quot;-bw --ignore-eol-style&quot; is your friend when somebody decides to change the end of line style and strip all trailing whitespace from the files in your repo. 	is perl the best solution to write code that needs setuid? a bunch of searching the web for things related to setuid and shell scripts lead me to this answer in stack exchange: perl explicitly supports setuid scripts in a secure way. in fact, your script can run setuid even if your os ignored the setuid bit on scripts. this is because perl ships with a setuid root helper that performs the necessary checks and reinvokes the interpreter on the desired scripts with the desired privileges. 	there’s no ‘git cp filename’? here’s a sequence of unbelievable things: yes, despite a lifetime in subversion, i’m really this new to git! i’m going to link to livejournal in this post! git really doesn’t have an equivalent to svn cp filename! i spent a surprisingly long time reviewing the man pages and surfing the internet to confirm this, but git really assumes you’ll never want to copy a file with history. here’s that livejournal link i promised, where markpasc has similar complaints — from , no less. 	aww, i got thanked! i recently backed the syrp genie, one of a handful of recent motion control timelapse projects on kickstarter. it’s well past its expected ship date, but they done a good job of keeping backers updated on progress and just today they shared photos of the box that will soon be on it’s way to me. they’ve thanked backers with a card in every one of them. if you look closely, you’ll see my name straddling the “thanks” in the center. 	greetings library scientist the california library association is pretty much like every other regional library association i’ve seen, not least because their most visible presence is their annual conference. it may be the season, but the cla is more politically active than others i’ve known. at their core, most such associations exist to promote efficient transfer of operational knowledge from one library to another, from one generation to another. libraries today unfortunately, in less than a generation’s time, the very foundations of libraries has been rocked by technological, legal, and economic changes unlike any these organizations have seen before. 	our arbitrary alphabet we have been gaslighted by the alphabet and now believe the arbitrary string of letters is actually organized according to some plan. hegemonic language and arbitrary order the signs used in writing originate in arbitrary decisions, but the connection with arbitrariness is lost when convention takes over. the convention of long usage kills even the memory of the initial arbitrariness of the signs and gives them an objective and seemingly inevitable presence. 	strange things running on my mac my imac screen is dark and isn’t lighting up like i expect it to when i tap the keyboard. i can, however, ssh into it and see what it’s doing when not responding to me. i found googlesoftwareupdateagent running, this faq item vaguely tells me it’s part of chrome, and that if i try to uninstall it without also uninstalling chrome it will simply “be reinstalled after a few hours.” 	action camera market not yet saturated, according to sony i wondered if the gopro-style action camera market had already become saturated back in january, now i’ve learned that sony apparently doesn’t think so. at least one imagines that’s the conclusion they came to before deciding to join the competition with a camera of their own. they call it the action cam, and it clearly takes its design cues from contour. what does sony offer to stand apart from the established players? 	usb camera control problem the canon eos m doesn’t include a remote shutter release cable port, and the on-camera controls don’t expose features such as bulb-mode exposures. further, simple remote shutter release doesn’t support the sophisticated camera control necessary to do timelapses with complex exposures. what kind of complex exposures? imagine a timelapse going from day to night. during daylight the exposure might be f ,  / second at iso , but the night exposure might require f / second at iso . 	geography vs. stereotypes alphadesigner is trying to put a finger on it with his mapping stereotypes series. others, including how americans see europe and the world according to america, are not nearly as well designed. we’d be fools, however, to think we invented the idea of mapping our prejudices. this flickr set of maps from through is good evidence of that. 	chance vs. lasers via tweet: claw arcade games are not skill games, rather, the claw strength is randomized and is often only strong enough to successfully grab the prize in one attempt out of , or . operator manuals linked in the quora answer explain the different modes and odds. string cutting games, however, can be defeated with lasers! 	apigrove: api management software apigrove is an api management tool by alcatel-lucent. it proxies apis (presumably those you built and host, though the example is for twitter) , supports authenticated access, throttles to help manage demand, usage logging and reporting. more info @apigrove, hat tip. 	be careful what you measure seth godin on what to obsess over: what are you tracking? if you track concepts, your concepts are going to get better. if you track open rates or clickthrough, then your subject lines are going to get better. up to you. it’s long something i’ve believed: if you measure it, you will attempt to maximize it, even if the metric is something you’d rather minimize, like co emissions. 	preparing my iphone for europe there’s uncertain talk of a european trip coming up, so i’m making nonspecific preparations for it. one of the questions i have is how to avoid hefty roaming charges from at&amp;t. in previous trips abroad i’d purchased overseas voice and data add-ons so i could use my iphone. that works, up to a point. on my return home from a trip to taiwan a few years ago i got a call from at&amp;t informing me that i’d gone over my data limit and was facing a $ charge for the usage. 	higgs-bugson a higgs-bugson is a hypothetical error whose existence is suggested by log events and vague reports from the users that cannot be reproduced in development conditions. qa and user support teams point to the higgs-bugson as an explanation for the results they see in the field. software engineers, however, often deny the existence of the higgs-bugson and offer alternative theories that often blame the user. engineers, after all, don’t write bugs. 	gopro hd hero lens correction gopro’s hd hero action camera is everywhere, so perhaps we’ll all be used to the fisheye’d images it produces soon. on the other hand, there are software solutions to rectify the image to rectilinear. vimeo user peter inova has a few videos demonstrating his photoshop action sets to straighten out an hd hero’s output. a person could probably significantly improve performance by giving up on photoshop and building a video filter based on the panotools image manipulation library. 	making sense of at&t’s shared data plans kevin’s coverage at gigaom helped, but what i really needed was a chart that compared the different options. i couldn’t find one, so i made my own: &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; iphones&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; iphones&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt; iphones&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/td&gt; shared data, unlimited minutes gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; gb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; $ &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; &lt;/td&gt; individual data, shared minutes  mb &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot;&gt; . 	motion control timelapse projects on kickstarter some time ago i backed the syrp genie (estimated delivery july ), but today i learned of the radian and astro. unlike the radian and astro, the genie supports linear motion, but it’s also much more expensive, bigger, and appears to have more complex controls. here are the videos for all three projects: [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/syrp/genie-motion-control-time-lapse-device/widget/video.html] [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/ /radian-a-motion-time-lapse-device-for-everyone/widget/video.html] [http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/ /astro-time-lapse-motion-control/widget/video.html] 	eduard khil, mr. trololo, dead at eduard khil is dead. the man, whose work and career had earned high praise, including the order of the red banner of labour ( ), lenin komsomol prize ( ), order of friendship of peoples ( ), meritorious artist of the rsfsr ( ), people’s artist of the rsfsr ( ), order of merit for the fatherland ( ), and international fame with his performance of trololo. the performance that made him famous: a stage performance: 	composited timelapse and real-time skateboarding video http://www.vimeo.com/ russel houghten‘s open horizon is part skate film, part time lapse, and mostly awesome. then somebody pointed to this jimmy plmer/z-flex video that shares a number of features with houghten’s work, but is less ambitious in scope. at least they did a behind the scenes video that shows the sweet red camera and rails. 	find neighbors on the same ip what other sites share the same infrastructure with your site, or any other? bing‘s ip search can answer. do a search by ip number: ip: . . . ip: . . . ip: . . . 	site load performance benchmarks the loop’s jim dalrymple compiled the following numbers for the time it takes various tech sites to load in a browser in late : the loop: requests; . kb; . secs daring fireball: requests; . kb; milliseconds macworld: requests; . kb; . secs ars technica: requests; . kb; . secs apple: requests; kb; . secs cnn: requests; . kb; secs bgr: requests; . mb; . secs appleinsider: requests; . 	is this the best imdb api? imdbapi.com 	css speech bubbles twitter front-end guy nicolas gallagher likes both css and speech bubbles enough to want them unadulterated by images and non-semantic markup. the lesson from his many examples is that it all comes down to an :after pseudo element that puts the little triangle in there: .speechbubble:after { content:&quot;&quot;; position:absolute; bottom:- px; /* value = - border-top-width - border-bottom-width */ left: px; /* controls horizontal position */ border-width: px px ; /* vary these values to change the angle of the vertex */ border-style:solid; border-color:#f c transparent; /* reduce the damage in ff . 	semantic news markup and seo schema.org newsarticle hnews rnews (and the war between rnews and hnews) google news technical requirements 	on the likelihood of unicorns research by robert e. hall and susan e. woodward shows that % of venture-backed firms exit for less than $ million ( % exit for less than $ million). in a world where instagram can exit for $ billion with no revenue or monetization plan, anything less than $ million is an implosion. 	marathon spoiler guides marathon and marathon : durandal are available as ios apps. the classic marathon spoiler guides might be good companions. 	airparrot turns appletv into a secondary display from the faq on the airparrot site: what does airparrot do? airparrot lets you airplay your mac’s screen to a second or third generation appletv. what you see on your mac’s screen will appear on the appletv, wirelessly! how do i use airparrot? once you’ve opened airparrot, click on the icon in your menu bar. select the airplay device (such as your appletv) and then select which screen you want to mirror. 	sf police, fire, ems, and airport radio monitoring listen in with radioreference.com’s index of live police, fire, ems, and airport radio feeds in san francisco. 	is this the best way to copy voicemails from an iphone? instructables tells us to get the files from the iphone backup in ~/library/application support/mobilesync/backup/, but “itunes renames all your files xxxxxxx.mddata. so all you need to do is figure out the original file name extension and you will be able to view the file.” ugh, isn’t there a better way? 	html form elements mark pilgrim’s overview of html form elements includes the following: placeholder text autofocus fields email addresses web addresses numbers as spinboxes numbers as sliders date pickers search boxes color pickers form validation required fields further reading 	configuring amazon linux for web services (spring ) i’ve tested this cookbook against amazon linux, but it will probably work just as well with the current version of centos. basic installation first, get root and update the os: sudo -s yum update with that done, let’s get the basic packages and services installed: yum install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel httpd httpd-devel mod_ssl php php-devel php-mysql php-gd php-dom php-pear php-json memcached svn gcc pcre-devel make that gets us apache httpd with ssl, php with a number of modules, memcached, and a few system tools. 	php vs. frameworks six years ago this month the zend framework preview was released and rasmus lerdorf published a blog post titled “the no-framework php mvc framework” (italics added). r. rajesh jeba anbiah noted irony. 	scanwiches scanwiches: scans of sandwiches for education and delight. above is parisi bakery’s ham, swiss, tomato, lettuce, mustard, mayo, on a hero. prints were said to have been available — i’d like the dagwood, thank you — but the store seems in a sad state. 	pew internet project: “ % of adults own a tablet computer” we’ve heard stories about how significant the growth of apple’s ipad is, but pew internet and american life project director lee rainie speaking at the national federation of advanced information services (nfais) conference on mobile devices and the delivery of information shared a stat that made me pause: % of adults own a tablet computer – ipad to clarify, that % does not include ebook readers (they’re tracked separately). 	rob reid’s copyright math rob reid’s copyright math at ted : the claimed effect of entertainment piracy to us economy is larger than value of most of our agricultural output. 	pantone yummies by emilie griottes: 	open access and open data finally getting public attention complaints over the cost of academic journals have long been a trope that repeats at library conferences with no denouement, but there are new signs that might be changing. the issue is that a large portion of the research done in the us is performed by faculty paid by academic institutions and supported by public money, often grants from the nih. a significant condition of promotion in academic careers is publication of original research in trusted journals, which is entirely reasonable to most everybody involved, except for the librarians who have to pay for the journals. 	the microsoft store experience there’s a microsoft store right across from the apple store in the valley fair mall. cliff and i realized this after exiting the apple store there with a new keyboard and headphones. we’d never been in an ms store before, so we ambled over with our clean white apple-branded accessories in hand. the windows phone display was in the back corner, attended by a nice woman who offered to fetch a nokia lumia phone from the back for us to inspect. 	marta becket’s final performance tonight legend has it that marta becket rolled in to death valley junction in and has been performing at the amargosa opera house since, but tonight is her last performance. i visited in and took in the show then. it’s a certain kind of show and performer that can run years non-stop (it was in its th year when i saw it). 	action cameras you know about countour and gopro, but you may not have seen drift and swann. is this a market that is getting saturated, or is it about to explode? contour marketing video: gopro marketing video: drift marketing video: http://www.vimeo.com/ swann marketing video: three of the cameras compared: 	happy new scriblio! the most recently released, stable version of scriblio is marked  . -r  and was last updated in june . you can be forgiven for thinking development had ceased in the interim. today, however, i’m proud to introduce a completely new scriblio, re-written from the ground up to take advantage of the latest features of wordpress and eliminate the mistakes made in previous versions. this update allows users to search and explore wordpress sites using facets that represent the tags, categories and other aspects of the collection. 	how wordpress taxonomy query urls could be more awesomer (updated, see below) wordpress . introduced some awesome new taxonomy query features, and the url parsing allows some rudimentary syntax to query multiple terms and choose if the query is or’d or and’d. the url syntax is as follows: a comma (,) between terms will return posts containing either term (logical or), like this http://maisonbisson.com/post/tag/wordpress,mysql/ . a plus sign (+) between terms will return posts containing all terms (logical and), like this http://maisonbisson. 	ge public relations gets smart to the cool video thing the video from general electric is cool, and shot at least in part with cameras mounted on rc helicopters, but strangely missing is any mention their manufacture of nuclear generation equipment such as the fukushima plants that melted down earlier this year. 	“hot sweet wings” and other wonders composed with the help of songify cliff introduced me to the wonder of the songify app. here are some tips to making the best of it: longer text makes for better songs. repetition makes for better songs, don’t be ashamed of repeating yourself. speak in a monotone voice, let the app handle the tune. speak nonsense. no sense in trying to make sense, it doesn’t make for a better song. if you insist on trying to make sense, then just pick a single sentence and repeat it several times with slight variations. 	wikileaks embassy cables first wikileaks published the collateral murder video, then a massive-but-redacted dump of diplomatic cables, then people figured out how to get the unredacted content. though this information was already public, the aclu pursued a foia request on these very cables, the result was a heavily redacted record of the cables, and a clear picture of the government’s ongoing touchiness about torture, rendition, guantánamo, and targeted killings by drones. an on the media segment (mp download) explains further. 	parallel-flickr backs up your flickr library parallel-flickr: a tool for backing up your flickr photos and generating a database backed website that honours the viewing permissions you’ve chosen on flickr. more details from the website: it downloads and stores your original photos and their “ x” versions. currently photos are stored locally but there’s a plan to add support for s . for each photo it downloads and stores the contents of the flickr.photos.getinfo api method as a json file. 	predator drones used in domestic police action the la times on december reported that predator drones such as those now being used by the air force and cia were used to support police in their investigation of cattle rustling. theft of livestock has long been a serious matter, but regulations and procedures typically make it difficult to sell stolen cattle. according to fred frederikson of the north dakota stockmen’s association, “all horses, mules and cattle leaving [north dakota] must be brand inspected. 	the war on cameras wnyc’s on the media did a nice piece on it back in september (mp download): judging from the arrests and harassment, photographers are part of a terrorist plot. or something. the copblock (tagline: “badges don’t grant extra rights”) map of actions taken against photographers is littered with activity. 	alterego: democratizing two-factor security alterego promises two-factor authentication security without the silly key-fob. neat. 	electric chariot sure, this electric chariot combines all the inconvenience of a scooter with some of the frustrations of an actual car, but it looks cool. sort of. though it’s made by a medical equipment manufacturer, at least it conforms to the rule of auto shows and objectifies the women demoing it as much as the vehicle itself. 	correction: steadicam smoothee for gopro hd hero in my earlier post on steadicams for gopro hd hero cameras i incorrectly stated that the steadicam smoothee is exclusively for iphones and ipod touches. they seem to have mounts for gopro hero and flip mino cameras as well, it’s just impossible to find that info on their website and most retailers don’t carry the other mounts. if you don’t mind the color, you can pick up a third-party mount for under $ from shapeways. 	web strategy discussion starter what follows is the text of a document i prepared to start and shape discussion about the future of the university website at my former place of work. the pdf version is what i actually presented, though in both instances i’ve redacted three types of information: the name of the institution (many already know, but that’s no reason to allow it to appear in search results), pay rates for proposed employees, and identification of proposed service providers. 	which steady cam is best for a gopro hd hero ? i have a new gopro hd hero , one of the best new video cameras available (if what you like in a video camera is a compact, wide-angle, and waterproof), and i’m looking for a way to steady it for handheld shots. the steadicam smoothee is built for iphones. their demo video and this comparison of the iphone s with and without the smoothee suggest it can work wonders, but it appears to be iphone-only [correction: it’s officially compatible with the gopro]. 	aoc ″ usb-connected flat panel aoc’s new ″ usb-connected monitor looks like an interesting toy. it draws its power and signal from the usb. mixed information suggests that four or eight can be connected to a single computer. at about $ , this could be a cheap way to build a large display wall. 	what content should a university website include? i no longer have a dog in this race, but in cleaning up my hard drive of old files i’ve run across a few items of note. for example, the above illustration i once used to describe the different content, audiences, and uses of a university website. current students, prospective students, their family, faculty, employees, and their family all use and expect to get answers from the website. websites for large organizations fail their users when they only share the details that they once exposed in view books and catalogs. 	what went wrong if i’m lucky, the only reason i get a phone call before am is because somebody on the east coast forgot about the timezones between them and me. the alternative is almost always bad news. today i wasn’t lucky, and neither were a huge number of readers and users at gigaom who received multiple copies of our daily newsletter. for a news and research organization that values — loves — its users as much as we do at gigaom, this was all hell breaking loose. 	comcast’s folly [harry shearer] , the bassist for spinal tap, voice talent for many characters in the simpsons, and host of le show has no difficulty criticizing the unnecessary complexities of modern media technology, but not until his august episode (subscribe to the podcast) has he admitted to the frustrations of modern cable. “it’s now easier to watch tv on your computer than on your tv,” says shearer. perhaps that’s why comcast, the leading cable operator in the us, lost , tv subscribers last quarter, and the company has been seeing its subscriber base shrink for a while (though they’re showing growth in internet subscribers). 	the end of paper domtar, “the largest integrated manufacturer and marketer of uncoated freesheet paper in north america and the second largest in the world,” launched a campaign to promote paper consumption. this much is old news, as the campaign is about a year old already. among the messaging goals, according to the agency that designed it: it’s easier to learn on paper, because reading on paper is up to percent faster than reading online. 	search the sears and roebuck catalog you’d think the sears archives would offer an online search of their historical catalogs, but the best you’ll find is a list of libraries holding the microfilms. ancestry.com offers an online search, but only to paying members. i’m looking into this because i was looking for historical trends in consumer products and thought the catalog would be a good source. it might be, if only i was ambitious enough to go to my downtown library. 	ed rondthaler’s spelling reform flip chart http://www.vimeo.com/ ed makes a good argument for spelling reform, but he demonstrates an outstanding flair for presentation, even at the age of . 	sara cannon on responsive web design at wcsf sara cannon‘s talk on responsive web design (resizing the page to suit different client devices) was spot on. her slides are below, but she also recommends this a list apart article on the matter, as well as less framework and  css grid (especially as alternatives to .gs). responsive web design – wordcamp san francisco view more presentations from sara cannon 	estelle weyl on css at wcsf i’ve long been a fan of css , but estelle weyl‘s wordcamp sf talk on it charged me up again. her slides are not to be missed. 	an interesting insight into mobile safari on ios a post in a y combinator discussion thread: mobile safari parses websites as a big canvas and then pretends the screen is a window through which you’re looking at the canvas. what you think of as scrolling, the browser thinks of as moving the canvas around (or the window depending on point of view). because of that, no scroll events ever get fired. even :fixed doesn’t behave as expected. 	applescript: get every movie in itunes applescript can be frustrating, but it’s an easy way to get info out of itunes. the following is a fragment of a script i’m working on, this part simply gets a record list of every video in the current itunes window that is a “movie” (the alternatives include music videos and tv shows, among others). credit goes to some examples i found in doug’s applescripts for itunes. boo, however, to a few scripts that are saved as “run only” and can’t be inspected, even for security. 	civic comparators it’s from early , but cameron marlow’s comparison of sf to nyc neighborhoods and jason kottke’s comparison of the physical geography are amusing to me as a new san franciscan. on the other hand, is it a sign of civic insecurity to make such comparisons? 	doublehappy game creator doublehappy, by instinct, the same folks who make the getshopped ecommerce plugin for wordpress, is an interesting game creation tool. all the game elements are stored in wordpress using custom post types and other advanced features, but it was their demo of the html editor that most amazed me. the games still play in adobe flash, but surely they’re working on rendering that to html as well. 	using keynote as a motion graphics tool bill keaggy just posted on the xplane blog about using apple’s keynote presentation software to make motion graphics and movies. we’ve found that in some cases, a keynote-authored video is what you might call the “good enough” solution. […] keynote lets you create and edit presentations, make things move, is ridiculously easy to learn and exports to quicktime. he offers his tips on how to make the best of it, as well as these videos made using keynote: 	notes to self: twitter’s website rocks on mobile devices twitter’s mobile site rocks on my iphone. especially worth noting: they’ve figured out how to pin their header to the top while scrolling the content in the middle. they’re also using pushstate() and other cool tricks to make the experience feel very native, but the scroll behavior is rare among web apps on ios. kent brewster makes a point about how difficult it is in his mistakes i made building netflix for the iphone talk from sxsw. 	wordpress nocache_headers() vs. nginx typically, you can call wordpress’ nocache_headers() function when you don’t want content to be cached. typically, but when you’re serving from behind nginx as a reverse proxy, consideration must be paid. it’s a year old now, so i shouldn’t have been surprised by it, but this thread on the nginx forums explains that cache-control: private headers are meaningless when nginx is being used as a reverse proxy: nginx completely ignores the ‘private’ keyword and will cache your document regardless. 	phpquery i have matthew batchelder to thank for introducing me to phpquery. i haven’t used it yet, but someday i’ll have need to select text elements from html using the php pear module. from the description “server-side, chainable, css selector driven document object model (dom) api based on jquery javascript library.” 	i get email: food tech society’s food ingredient and food additive forum the july food ingredient and functional additive forum looks to have a great lineup of talks, including nano food, interesting ingredients in milk and dairy products, ingredients in functional food and drink, sea food &amp; frozen industry, and minutes (the longest of any of the talks) set aside just for soy sauce. 	incoming support request you haven’t fixed the bing search page on cafe world. it comes up when i click on an oven, when i click on a mission and then everything is ruined. fronterville: i haven’t been able to play fronterville for four days. i can send gifts, but don’t know if anyone receives them but they must because i get gifts. but i have a spouse and it is stuck. it won’t custom or random or play or anything and it freezes the whole page so i can’t do a thing and there is a white avatar that says spouse? 	smiley’s bar, bolinas, ca captain, ship, crew, twelve points, and a shot of whisky at smiley's i heard a story that the “bolinas border patrol” removes all the signs pointing to town, so cliffy and i had to go check it out. border patrol or not, there are no signs, but smiley’s bar is my kind of place. given the story about the signs, i worried they’d be leery of outsiders, but it turned out to be the sort of place that welcomed you in and offered you a glass. 	social compass it looks gorgeous, but the points and bearings brian solis lays out in his social compass seem so obvious to me that i almost dismissed it as meaningless. then i remembered there really are people who don’t know the message they’re trying to send will be filtered through people and technologies they can’t control and depend on adoption and repetition by agents working in their own interests. anyway, there are more posters in his store. 	radiation is all around us the environmental protection agency on radiation and cigarette smoke: studies show filters on ordinary commercial cigarette remove only a modest amount of radioactivity from the smoke inhaled into the lungs of smokers. link. photo by lanier . 	the story of nukey poo the video of nuclear boy and his stinky poo that’s supposed to explain japan’s nuclear crisis isn’t the first time anybody has mixed poo and nuclear reactors. a reactor at antarctica’s mcmurdo station that operated through the s was nicknamed “nukey poo” because of its poor performance and reliability (though some reports simply point to “frequent radioactive leaks”). first, here’s the japanese video: the original nukey poo was oficially named pm-a . 	nostalgic joy: apple emulators you can emulate an apple ][ or apple iigs in your browser with a plugin and , disk images, including oregon trail. don’t want to run an apple //e in your browser? download [virtual ] for the job (you’ll need disk images and a rom file). sweet can answer your apple ][gs emulation fix, and there’s a surprisingly large collection of sort-of-recent software available, including castle wolfenstein d, an html editor, and aim client. 	what time is it? the claim that changing the clocks saves energy is unsupportable by facts. some say it’s more likely to spur consumption and benefit commercial interests, but i’m curious why the teabaggersparty people haven’t risen up against this alarming government intrusion into our private lives. 	wijax widget lazy loader idea: a simple way to improve load-time performance by lazy loading some of the content on the page. answer: wijax. the more content in the initial download of the page, the longer readers have to wait to see it. some content is critical to each page load, but why make people wait for every last piece of the page before they can start reading the post they came to see? wijax allows you to defer loading widgets on the page so that they arrive after the main content. 	net render your ie compatibility tests maisonbisson in ie geotek‘s netrenderer makes it possible for me to see how badly old versions of ie are mangling my web pages without actually having to run the malware on a box of my own. unfortunately, the ie rendered returns errors and hasn’t worked in a while. maisonbisson in ie 	ebook user’s bill of rights it’s easy to see the ebook user’s bill of rights as a sign of the growing rift between libraries and content producers. easy if you’re me, anyway. it connects very conveniently with richard stallman’s open letter to the boston public library decrying what he summarizes as their complicity with drm and abdication of their responsibilities as public institutions. all those things are easy, what’s hard is recognizing that the depth of change the publishing industry is facing. 	van ness station escalator ambient video flickr video more mesmerizing than a fireplace video? 	saving backup space with time machine and iphoto three things that, when mixed, can consume a surprising amount of disk space: backup automatically with time machine use iphoto and take a lot of photos sync photos to one or more ios devices like iphones and ipads i do all three, and on top of that i have three current computers backing up to a gb time capsule. all of this combined was forcing time machine to expire old backups faster than i wanted as it churned through the disk space. 	wordpress comments_template() and wp_list_comments() performance this thread on memory usage while executing wordpress’s comments_template() raised my awareness of performance issues related to displaying comments on posts in wordpress. the first thing to know is that all the comments on a given post are loaded into memory, even if the comments are paged and only a subset will be displayed. then comments_template() calls update_comment_cache(), which has the effect of doubling that memory usage. finally, wp_list_comments() and the walker_comment class can take a surprisingly long time to iterate through a long list of comments. 	gigaom mobile site launched this week we launched a new mobile theme at gigaom.com. it was out for just a day or two before dennis bournique surprised us with a review on wapreview.com. i have no way of knowing if i would have linked to the review if it wasn’t positive, but i would likely have found a way to link to this advice to other developers regarding url consistency: a url should lead to essentially the same content (reformatted in necessary) regardless of which browser is used. 	helvetic neue on the web css tricks tips “better helvetica.” guillermo esteves explains that specifying font names in css is really about specifying font families: if you want to use a specific font face, you have to use font-family along with the font-weight property, calling both the postscript and screen names of that face for backwards compatibility which, for a person trying to use helvetica neue light means the following: font-family: &quot;helveticaneue-light&quot;, &quot;helvetica neue light&quot;, &quot;helvetica neue&quot;, sans-serif; font-weight: ; steve cochrane, meanwhile, explores the use of helvetica neue light and ultra light. 	call it rolling shutter or focal plane shutter, it looks weird…cool i’ve been both frustrated by and in love with focal plane shutter distortion (wikipedia calls it rolling shutter) for a while, now i’ve discovered there’s a group for it. one of the photos i pointed to in my earlier post was of a low-flying helicopter (bottom), a couple other photographers have captured the effect the distortion has on propellers: 	about those unencumbered video formats the free software foundation tells us the h. avchd video encoding standard violates the very tenets of freedom, they claim competitors such as vp /webm and ogg theora are both unencumbered and technically equal to h. . what they really mean is that software patents are evil. now the mpeg la, the body that administers the h. patents and a number of others has announced it’s forming a patent pool that covers vp , proving that saying something is free doesn’t make it so. 	iphone camera details i have to look this stuff up every time i play with hugin, the open source panorama stitcher. thankfully i can find it at falk lumo.com: pixel pitch: . µm sensor size: . x . mm^ , . mm diagonal aspect ratio: . : focal length and aperture: . mm f/ . lens mm equivalent crop factor: . equivalent mm focal length and aperture: mm f/ the comments there are top notch, but what’s not mentioned is how the video mode substantially narrows the field of view. 	wordpress mu/ms empty header and broken image bug fixed i just switched to a new server and found myself struggling with empty http headers and broken or partial images. the problem is the memcache extension for php and wordpress mu/wordpress multisite’s need to reinstantiate the wp-cache after determining the correct blog for a given request. versions of the memcache extension prior to . go wrong somehow and it shows up when you try to do an http head request on a page (the result is empty) or enable x-sendfile support for wp mu/ms’ file handling (all the files and images in the media library will break). 	configuring amazon linux for web services updated: an updated installation cookbook is available. amazon has introduced their own distribution of linux with tweaks to optimize it for their elastic compute cloud platform. like centos, it appears to be based on red hat enterprise linux, though unlike the current versions of rhel and centos, the packaged applications are up to date with current expectations. that’s refreshing news for those comfortable with rhel, but uncomfortable its ancient packages. mysql . 	world’s largest canned food structure some records in the guinness book reflect outstanding accomplishments in hotly contested fields. others reflect the imagination it now takes to create a new class of records. food industry thailand‘s , food cans fall into the second category. don’t get me wrong, though, i’m not suggesting anybody’s imagining new fields, just that they’re imagining themselves pursuing crazy records. examples of things i think we should have records for, but i’m too lazy to look up: 	happy holidays from maisonbisson! another cheesy holiday card from maisonbisson and, for those who like cheese as much as us, from left to right: cotswold double gloucester with onion &amp; chive mannoni pecorino barbagio point reyes toma we picked them mostly for color and texture, but they all tasted plenty good. i especially liked the cotswold. a holiday gift, thanks to some genius and hardworking djs, is in the nest. 	facebook iphone app is happy to suck in your contacts i discovered a sync button in the facebook app for iphone today: then i read the privacy notice: 	clearing the browser cache on ipad apple’s knowledge base article on it could be as simple as the following screenshot: instead, the docs say something like: go to settings, click the safari tab, click the big clear cache button, duh. 	so now you know: world’s heaviest snow plow this probably looks like a snow blower, but the railroads call it a snow plow. a rotary snow plow, yes, but still a snow plow. a ton, foot long snow plow. caveman explains: the union pacific railroad designed and built this monster in the omaha shop. this rotary snowplow is the heaviest snowplow ever built. this baby boasts a gm/emd -cylinder, , horsepower, turbocharged diesel engine that drives an electric generator which provides the power to turn those massive -foot rotary blades at rpm. 	where are san francisco’s love padlocks? i discovered it in the flickr blog and followed it up with considerable googling, but i can’t find any love padlocks in sf, much less a popular location for them. the wikipedia article lists two dozen notable locations in europe and asia, but not one in the americas. i searched flickr’s san francisco map and found two almost promising photos: an unrelated collection in the mission that was removed by municipal workers in , and this one in my backyard that i plan to confirm shortly. 	failed hard drive noises there’s nothing amusing about this list of failed hard drive noises if you’re looking through it for a sound matching what drive on your desk is making (which i am), but i’m sure there’s some good material for the click-hop crowd. photos by jon ross and james harvey, used under cc license. 	better xml/json display in safari i’m one of the few people who loves safari, but i was happy to admit that it didn’t display xml or json very well. marc liyanage’s xml view plugin fixes that. 	improving will norris’ open graph plugin will norris put together a nice wordpress plugin to place open graph metadata on the page. today i patched it to address a few bugs i and others have found. the patch switches functions that depended on globalizing $post to use $wp_query-&gt;queried_object and similar. opengraph_default_url() is changed to try get_permalink() only when is_singlular() is true. otherwise it uses the blog’s base url. this isn’t perfect, but it’s better than having the front page and all tag/category/archive pages report their og:url as being the permalink for the first post on the page. 	things learned about the gap inc. corporate archives if a customer saw it, or if it was shared with employees, i want some version of it in our archive. –rochelle mccune, gap corporate archivist rochelle took a few of us on a tour of the gap inc archives, a rather different archive than i’m familiar with. 	things learned about natural language processing at thatcamp bay area the first session i joined at thatcamp was aditi muralidharan‘s text mining boot camp, and the topic seemed to set my agenda for the rest of the event (though i wish aditi had also hosted her proposed data visualization session). aditi’s blog: mininghumanities.com. if i understood correctly, much of aditi’s presentation and experience is based on the stanford parser. unfortunately, the project seems wrapped in some licensing difficulty: it’s gpl, but they claim a license is required for commercial use. 	becoming donna reed sandee has just launched her new site, becoming donna reed: armed with a notepad and pen, my trusty macbook, and the desire to be the best domestic goddess i can be, i will watch the show from the beginning and find the lesson in each episode. consider this your cliff’s notes on household harmony. she’ll still be updating the feathered nest with food recipes and insights on home decor while she divines the lessons of donna reed. 	what the critics are missing about the apple tv it’s not just the critics, nobody seems to get the story on apple’s new tv-connected device right. darrell etherington at the apple blog says it’s a non starter for him, and ars technica’s john siracusa describes it as just the most recent entry in a product line that has been “a persistent loser” for the company. even john gruber is damning it with faint praise. they’re all wrong. of course the problem didn’t start there. 	dancing dog i’ve got a dozen top priorities this morning, but this dancing merengue dog just delayed them all. 	twitter is like a conversation in a bar mathew ingram on twitter, esquire magazine, and bars: it’s called social media because it’s social. in other words, it’s a conversation; and yes, sometimes it’s like a conversation in a bar. 	speed wordpress multisite with x-sendfile for apache like wordpress mu before, multisite implementations of wordpress . use a script to handle image and other attachment downloads. that script checks permissions and maps the request path to the files path on disk, then reads the file out to the web server, which sends it to the browser. that approach has some inefficiencies, and for me it introduces some problems. the process would often give up before completing the file transfer, resulting in broken images and truncated mp s among other problems. 	post loop by category alex bluesummers asked on a wordpress list: how do i order posts in the loop by whether or not it is in a category, then by date? suppose i have posts, of which are in the category “sports” and are in the category “blog news”. both “sports” and “blog news” posts are mixed together chronologically. “sports” and “blog news” posts share other categories and tags. i want both types of posts to be present in the loop regardless of whether it’s the front page or category archive view, but ordered by “sports” and “blog news” and then by date. 	migrating from wordpress mu to wordpress . multi site i’ve been running a few instances of wordpress mu for a while now, so i was more than a little anxious about the merge of the mu functionality into the core of wordpress. it’s a good thing, but sometimes such dramatic changes pose rocky challenges. not so in this case. pete mall blogged about it in may, and i’m happy to say that i followed those instructions (summary: upgrade, it will work) to upgrade both this site and scriblio. 	donut tour : the video please enable javascript and flash to view this viddler video. we planned the donut tour. we did the donut tour. we ate donuts. we made five stops on the tour, but this video only covers four of them. we were too stuffed to say anything about japonais, even though the donuts there were delicious. here’s the full lineup: donna’s donuts (yelp!) ziggy’s donuts (yelp!) kane’s donuts (yelp!) sun guang bakery (yelp! 	how to: plan a donut tour since , the first friday of june has been hailed throughout the us as national donut day. it was founded in recognition of the great comfort donuts provide to those who eat them, and to honor those who serve them. 	museum of family camping closed memorial day weekend is universally recognized as the start of summer. tradition allows that we can start wearing white, gather family and friends for barbecue, and, for those so inclined, go camping. for the past many years it’s also been the start of the museum of family camping’s season. the interior displays at the museum of family camping celebrated many generations of camping history. my docent made much of the dingle stick (the vertical stick that holds the cooking tin); good manners demanded they be left at the camp site for the next camper. 	sandee’s homemade wrapping paper sandee’s been getting into disposable art. first it was her holiday dames on the chalkboard in our kitchen, and more recently she’s been crafting one of a kind wrapping paper. it gets torn up and discarded in just a fraction of the time it takes her to sketch and shade it, but act of creation is what she enjoys. i guess that’s why her favorite artistic endeavor is baking. 	step by step: turn on the iphone/ipad’s web debugging console you can’t view a web page’s source, and you can’t command+f to search for text on the page, but you sure can get a debugging console to see the errors on the page. here’s how: find and open the settings app [&lt;img src=&quot;http://farm .static.flickr.com/ / _ f_m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;start in the settings app&quot; width=&quot; &quot; height=&quot; &quot; /&gt;][ ] select safari [&lt;img src=&quot;farm -static-flickr-com- _ b af b _m.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;safari in the settings app&quot; width=&quot; &quot; height=&quot; &quot; /&gt;][ ] scroll down to find the developer option at the bottom [&lt;img src=&quot;farm -static-flickr-com- _ fb . 	ipad + velcro = < http://www.vimeo.com/ 	huffington post introduces badges and social rewards how do you make news fun? or, how do you make moderating often fractious comments on news stories fun? you follow foursquare’s example and introduce badges: the moderator badge allows you to more actively participate in this process. if you are a level moderator (earned by flagging at least comments that we deleted, with a high ratio of good flags to mistaken ones), your flags now carry five times the weight of a standard flag. 	mick jagger on the music business mick jagger to bbc: [p]eople only made money out of records for a very, very small time […] if you look at the history of recorded music from to now, there was a year period where artists did very well, but the rest of the time they didn’t. via. 	remixed: my photo in truthout.org i was happy to see one of my photos used as source material for this illustration in truthout.org’s seven year reality check on the iraq war. 	will mobile flash be relevant when it finally works? john gruber linked to the sizzle in jeff croft’s post: in the [flashcamp seattle] opening keynote, ryan stewart, a flash platform evangelist at adobe, demoed flash player . running on his nexus one phone. […] here’s what happened: on his mac, ryan pulled up a site called eco zoo. it is, seemingly, a pretty intense example of flash development — full of d rendering, rich interactions, and cute little characters. 	listening is just the start jeff howe writes: idea jams “allow people to discover the fringe question (or idea, or solution), then tweak it, discuss it and bring the community’s attention to it.” “idea management is really a three-part process,” says bob pearson, who as dell’s former chief of communities and conversation rode heard on ideastorm. “the first is listening. that’s obvious.” the second part, pearson says, was integration, “actually disseminating the best ideas throughout our organization. 	pearls of wisdom in mail list threads david cloutman on code lib: don’t forget to look at trends outside of “libraryland”. a lot of professional library discussion takes place in an echo chamber, and bad ideas often get repeated and gain credibility as a result. librarians usually overstate the uniqueness of their organizations and professions. when the question, “what are other libraries doing?” arises in addressing a technical problem, don’t be afraid to generalize the question to other types of organizations. 	respond to your next subpoena like a pro thanks to kathleen seidel, a fellow new hampshire resident and blogger at &lt;neurodiversity.com&gt;, i now have what appears to be a good example of a motion to quash a subpoena (even cooler, she filed it pro se). i’ve also learned that nh is among the states that allows lawyers to issue subpoena in civil cases without prior approval of a judge. take a look and prepare yourself for some law talking. 	steve jobs on apple vs. adobe and iphone vs. flash steve jobs’ thoughts on flash minces no words in its conclusion: besides the fact that flash is closed and proprietary, has major technical drawbacks, and doesn’t support touch based devices, there is an even more important reason we do not allow flash on iphones, ipods and ipads. we have discussed the downsides of using flash to play video and interactive content from websites, but adobe also wants developers to adopt flash to create apps that run on our mobile devices. 	blogging in academia a comment in the university of lincoln’s audio production course blog demonstrates the value of public blogging in academia: i am looking forward to beginning this course in september and have been finding these blogs very useful in providing a guide as to what sort of things to expect during my first year. keep up the good work! thanks to joss winn for the tip. 	ssd mysql performance the above graph and this mysql performance blog story are from last year, but i believe are still relevant and instructive now. sure, the fusionio is faster, but how the hell can you beat a single ssd in terms of price/performance? raid : . transactions per minute per dollar ssd: transactions per minute per dollar fusionio: . transactions per minute per dollar 	improving p — order posts by last comment date i’m a big fan of the p theme for wordpress. it makes it dead easy anybody familiar with wordpress to host a discussion site and improve collaboration across time and distance. that said, one feature i’d like to see is the ability to order the posts by the last comment date, rather than post date. when we started using p to power a workgroup discussion last year, i wrote a bit of code to sort the posts that way, here’s how: 	irony: nh liquor commissioner suspected of dui in it was the deputy chief of liquor enforcement. last summer it was the wolfboro police commissioner who was arrested importing pounds of marijuana from canada. this week it’s a liquor commissioner who was stopped on suspicion of dui. 	i’m a carnie huckster, you know it and i know it, but that’s ok the title is a quote from seth stevenson slate.com piece on pitchman vince offer, where he explains that vince’s “smooth-talking condescension” is the most appropriate sales tactic in today’s cynical world. “jaded consumers expect to get snowed and almost distrust the very pretense of trustworthiness.” the rap chop remix of vince’s slap chop actually ran on tv. 	three sweet globe images [][ ] hey, it’s [earth day][ ]! [ ]: http://www.flickr.com/photos/kumasawa/ / &ldquo;&ldquo;wind andamento&rdquo; by karen ami (cool globes) by kumasawa, on flickr&rdquo; [ ]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/earth_day 	auctions and negotiations: starting price matters via mind hacks: auctions with a low starting price may result in higher final sale prices than those with a high starting price. but negotiations with a high starting price often result in higher final sale prices. 	cleaning up category relationships in a wordpress scriblio site a few lines of sql i used to clean up a scriblio site. it’s probably useless to anybody but me. i’m not suggesting anybody else use this code, as it will result in changed or deleted data. update the post author for catalog records (identified because they have a specific post meta entry): update wp_ _postmeta join wp_ _posts on wp_ _posts.id = wp_ _postmeta.post_id set post_author = where meta_key = 'scrib_meditor_content' get the categories attached to every catalog record (except the “catalog” category): 	loading: global warming sure i’m a fan of marilyn monroe, but stéphane massa-bidal’s activist illustration is even hotter. he’s online at rétrofuturs.com. 	la times on ipad vs kindle the kindle feels like an e-reading device, whereas an ipad feels like reading. from latimes.com via joseph monninger. 	a few lines of sql: cloning blogs in mu the following sql is what i used to clone the content from one blog in mu to another for testing. it’s probably useless to anybody but me. anybody who can’t figure out from the code that wp_ _posts is the source table and wp_ _posts is the destination probably shouldn’t try to use the code, as data will be lost. clone the content from one mu blog into another: truncate table wp_ _posts; insert into wp_ _posts select * from wp_ _posts; truncate table wp_ _postmeta; insert into wp_ _postmeta select * from wp_ _postmeta; truncate table wp_ _terms; insert into wp_ _terms select * from wp_ _terms; truncate table wp_ _term_taxonomy; insert into wp_ _term_taxonomy select * from wp_ _term_taxonomy; truncate table wp_ _term_relationships; insert into wp_ _term_relationships select * from wp_ _term_relationships; truncate table wp_ _bsuite _search; insert into wp_ _bsuite _search select * from wp_ _bsuite _search; truncate table wp_ _scrib_harvest; clone a few options: 	solving problems in secret matt blaze computer and information science at university of pennsylvania and blogs about security at exhaustive search. his recent post on mistakes in spying techniques, protocols, and hardware caught my interest: indeed, the recent history of electronic surveillance is a veritable catalog of cautionary tales of technological errors, risks and unintended consequences. sometime mishaps lead to well-publicized violations of the privacy of innocent people. there was, for example, the nsa’s disclosure earlier this year that it had been accidently “over-collecting” the communications of innocent americans. 	the reward for re-discovering archive collections documentarians spend most of their time digging up materials that few people know exist. they frequent basements and dark storage rooms, endure conversations with crazy collectors, and typically develop vitamin-d deficiency and light sensitivity in search of what they need. their reward for finding the material? a bill from the original creators (the ones who lost and forgot about the work in the first place) for the privilege of using it. 	iphone use heavy at am, bumps at lunch, peaks at pm via localytics: iphone users generate % more traffic on the weekend than the average weekday. saturday traffic ramps quickly from a morning low at : am to over % of peak usage by : am—and stays near the peak for the rest of the afternoon and evening. by comparison, weekday app usage is more concentrated in the evening with a slow ramp during the working day and a peak at : pm est, when east coast users are at home and west coast users are commuting home. 	is the filesystem finally dead? from rob foster/nimble design: by releasing the iphone os, apple is putting a bullet in the head of a long standing convention that most folks could do without. he’s talking about the filesystem. user-accessible filesystems, anyway. this isn’t news, i don’t think the newton even had a hidden filesystem, but it hasn’t gotten old yet. my question: when will i finally get a system that cleverly mixes cloud and local storage to give me seamless access to all my photos, videos, music, and email…ever? 	why php’s regex is slow, and what you can do about it (if you happen to be a committer on the php project) regular expression matching can be simple and fast, by russ cox: perl [and php and others] could not now remove backreference support, of course, but they could employ much faster algorithms when presented with regular expressions that don’t have backreferences. how much faster? about a million times (no, i do not exaggerate). i use a lot of regular expressions, and relatively few of them use backreferences. it’d be worth optimizing. 	edison phonograph eula think end user license agreements (eulas) are recent inventions? thomas edison used them on his phonograph cylinder at the start of the s. the eula didn’t protect edison from innovations elsewhere; discs quickly beat out cylinders once the patents expired. photo from fouro. 	college students use, love, are aware of the limitations of wikipedia how often do college students use wikipedia? how today’s college students use wikipedia for course-related research: overall, college students use wikipedia. but, they do so knowing its limitation. they use wikipedia just as most of us do — because it is a quick way to get started and it has some, but not deep, credibility. % of respondents use wikipedia frequently or always, typically at near the beginning at the start of research ( %). 	drm evils: now comic fodder brad colbow does some good looking design and an occasional comic. he isn’t the first to address drm woes in comic form, but his comic is one more public cry for rationality. and continuing that cry is this from an unnamed source, originally published at geekologie.com. 	scott smitelli on hacking youtube’s content id drm system scott smitelli uploaded a total of test videos and received content id emails in the name of science: testing youtube’s content id system. he reversed the audio, shifted the pitch, altered the time (without changing pitch), resampled (pitch and time), added noise, messed with the volume, chunked it up into pieces, and fiddled with the stereo fields. in the end, he found both amusing and frustrating results. he did his tests about a year ago. 	connect-a-desk looks ridiculous (though i may secretly want one) i was about to tell sandee how foolish these people look with their laptops stuck to their torsos, but she hit me with “that looks like something you’d use.” ouch. worse, i’m not sure she’s wrong. double ouch. maybe the company could send me one. then i could have these conflicted feelings for real. 	social media usage stats retrevo claims to help electronics shoppers decide what to buy, when to buy, and where to buy it,” so their recent survey on social media addition is probably more significant as link bait than as serious research. despite my concerns about confirmation bias, i’m as amused as anybody by the numbers. % of adult respondents say they check or update twitter or facebook before getting out of bed in the morning, a number that rises to % for iphone users of all ages. 	addressing hateful and libelous internet speech in the post juicy campus era juicy campus is gone, but other sites have taken its place as a hub for anonymous slander around college campuses. intentional or not, the conversation at these sites tends toward abusive, with successive commenters attempting to one-up each other with each insult. students targeted by the abuse and defamation have little easy recourse. some sites allow users to mark comments as offensive, but require membership to do so, and the anonymous nature of the posts limits the real world social group’s opportunity to moderate itself and its members. 	html media – project hosting on google code i was wondering when somebody was going to do what html media does: html video tags make embedding videos into documents as easy as embedding an image. all it takes is a single tag. unfortunately, not all browsers natively support html video tags. html media is a javascript library that enables tags for clunky browsers. 	url path bug in wordpress.com video server you’ve got to both respect automattic for releasing their internal code as open source while also giving them a break for not assuring that it works for anybody else. one of their projects, the wordpress.com video server is a sophisticated wordpress plugin that handles video transcoding and offers a bit of a youtube in a box solution for wordpress. the bug i found is that the code assumes wpmu is running in subdomain mode, rather than subdirectory mode. 	rock out with a cardboard record player http://www.vimeo.com/ the physical, analog nature of vinyl has long appealed to the diy crowd. this cardboard record player capitalizes on that to create a direct mail marketing campaign that people appear to actually enjoy receiving. from the description at agency news: grey vancouver created a portable record player from corrugated cardboard that folds into an envelope. the record can be spun with a pencil and the vibrations go through the needle and produce a recording of a children’s story called “a town that found its sound. 	the cost of ie’s non-compliance google this month dropped internet explorer support in google apps and youtube, and others are lining up at idroppedie .com. still, even newer versions of ie suffer from poor standards support, and there are doubts about the just announced ie . to put this in perspective, billforbill.com is adding up the costs of all the workarounds that web developers have to go through to make it buggy browser work. after just a few days and only submissions the total is over $ million. 	wp memcache object cache breaks http head requests i just posted about the following confounding problem to the wp-hackers list: when running wordpress mu (tested in . x and . x) with the memcached object cache active, it refuses to respond to http head requests. the result of this is that head requests to check the mimetype of a linked file (as for setting the enclosure) or size (as the video framework plugin does) fail. curl -i http://url.path returns either an empty result, or (if fronted with varnish) a error. 	wordpress bug in setup_postdata() wordpress is built around the loop, and all the cool kids are using multiple loops on the same page to show the main post and feature other posts. the problem is: wordpress doesn’t properly reset the $pages global for each post. if the post in main loop (or default query) is paged, then all the other posts will show the same paged content as in the main post. i started a ticket and submitted a patch, but in the meantime you might have to unset( $globals['pages'] ) in your custom loops just before calling the_post(). 	web vs. native apps one lesson here is that a simple but well-done web app […] can be vastly superior to a full-fledged but terrible iphone application. usability nightmare: the my.sxsw iphone app. 	consumer society and citizen networks logo consumer society and citizen networks “aims at promoting access of citizens to information on product safety, consumer rights protection, and to results of independent testing, as well as promoting wide public discussion of challenges facing the consumer society in ukraine.” their logo, however, is pure genius: some sketches from logolog showing how it came together: 	christian madrasas from the march newsletter of the north texas skeptics: in the madrasa, the religious school, i watched and listened as the instructor related his view of the world to the students and the others present. politics, personal relationships, nations, and the physical world were interpreted in the light of the speaker’s religious teachings. hinduism and buddhism were lumped together with that quaintly american religion called new age. pagan symbols invoke demons to do dirty work for cultists, and evolution is the root of much of this evil, the students were told. 	auto-tune put to better use: news auto-tune has been prettying up vocal tracks for more than a decade now, but applying it to news is simply brilliant. the gregory brothers‘ autotunethenews.com is worth a look. 	nh’s proud political system a nh house judiciary committee hearing recently made new hampshire famous in boingboing and the huffington post. watch the hearing where the speaker describes sex acts, and take special note of the amazing poker face of the others during the talk. 	i’ll stop the world and melt with you flickr video 	watching valentine’s rose fade the georgia o’keefe view, above, or the still life view, below: this isn’t so much about valentine’s day as it is about finally getting setup to do time lapse video like this. more to come at maisonbisson.com/timelapse. 	valentine’s rose (o’keefe view) flickr video 	valentine’s rose flickr video 	what the critics are missing about apple’s ipad it’s doubtful that anybody reading this blog missed the news that apple finally took the wraps off their much rumored tablet: the ipad. trouble is, a bunch of folks seem to be upset about the features and specs, or something that made the buzz machine go meh. it’s just a bigger iphone, complain the privileged tech pundits. they apparently missed the recent pew internet project report on internet usage by demographic. 	blogging by email wordpress has some simple built-in support for posting by email, but that didn’t stop a couple people from developing plugins that might do better. postie and postmaster both claim to support attached photos (though neither appears to use wp’s built-in media management). but if your goal is to post photos, you might consider posting through flickr. 	organizational vanity, google alerts, and social engineering as more and more organizations become aware of the need to track their online reputation, more people in those organizations are following google alerts for their organization’s name. that creates a perfect opportunity for scammers to play on that organizational vanity to infect computers used by officers of the organization with malware that can reveal the inner workings of that organization. i’m not exactly sure what clicking the button above does. 	apple’s netbook a post on thomas fitzgerald.net serves to remind us that apple released their first netbook in : the apple emate : …next time you see people ranting about an apple netbook, remember that apple had something similar long before anyone even uttered the phrase “netbook.” the device ran netwon os with a - hour battery life (yes, - hours). i’ve written more than a few posts eulogizing the emate’s tablet-shaped sibling: newton message pad . 	coda feature wishlist i’d long been a user of barebones’ bbedit, a product that’s served me well for a number of years. but upgrading from version . to is a paid deal, and after spending days with the demo of bbedit , i decided i wanted to look around a little bit. my friend matt switched from bbedit to panic’s coda some time ago, and i liked the demo of that well enough that i bought a license. 	put an ssd in your expresscard slot? i spied the wintec filemate gb ultra expresscard and began to wonder how it works as a boot drive for mac os x in a late macbook pro (the model just before apple replaced the expresscard slot with an sd slot). but i didn’t have to wonder too much, as a post to this macobserver forum thread offers enough details to make a geek salivate: the computer now boots primarily from the ssd card and will start up the computer in less than / the time of the internal hd […] i have all the applications and system files on the ssd card, the user files/record on the internal hd. 	do e-books have a future? david weinberger kicked off the latest installment in the ongoing debate about the future of electronic books versus paper books in his will books survive? a scorecard… post. he’s got some good points, but like many of the smart folks i admire, he approaches this question assuming that books, in any form, are important. ursula k. le guin’s excellent essay on “the alleged decline of reading” is especially informative on this point: books don’t matter to most americans, and they haven’t for some time. 	even if they don’t click ethan zuckerman’s recent post, what if they stop clicking? points out the difficulty of building a business on ad revenue. he points to statistics that show fewer readers are clicking banner and arguments from the web advertising industry about how un-clicked ads still build brand awareness. it’s not really central to zuckerman’s point, but i didn’t sense that he was aware that google has picked up the same argument. i commented on the post that google has started reporting the numbers of people who are presented (but don’t click) ads, then later visit the advertisers that are paying for, um, clicks. 	my wordcamp nyc talks authentication hacks my first talk was on user authentication with mu in existing ecosystems, all about integrating wp with ldap/ad/cas and other directory authentication schemes, as well as the hacks i did to make that integration bi-directional and deliver new user features. my slides are online (.mov / .pdf), and you can read earlier blog post summing up the project. plugins mentioned wpcas (long description) alternate contact info wordpress ticket framework wpsms (long description) scriblio i was most excited, however, to talk about scriblio, a plugin that turns wordpress into a library catalog with faceted searching and browsing. 	spell checking matt demanded accent-aware spell checking for the wordpress spell checking plugin his company acquired earlier this year. and just a little more than a month later, after the deadline delivered. now beyoncé, café, coöperate, and even my resumé look prettier. separately, wordnik offers a new take on online dictionaries, and they just launched an api. 	backblaze storage pod backblaze is a cloud backup service that needs cheap storage. lots of it. they say a petabyte worth of raw drives runs under $ , , but buying that much storage in products from major vendors easily costs over $ , , . so they built their own. the result is a u rack-mounted linux-based server that contains terabytes at a material cost of $ , , the bulk of which goes to purchase the drives themselves. 	drobo: sweet storage, one big flaw i’ve been a fan of drobo since i got mine over a year ago. the little(-ish, and sweet looking, for stack of disks) device packs as many as four drives and automatically manages them to ensure the reliability of your data and easy expandability of the storage. however, thomas tomchak just pointed out one major flaw: if you overflow your drobo with data, the entire device may give up and you’ll lose everything. 	the bugs that haunt me a few years ago i found an article pointing out how spammers had figured out how to abuse some code i wrote back in or so. i’d put it on the list to fix and even started a blog post so that i could take my lumps publicly. now i’ve rediscovered that draft post…and that i never fixed the bad code it had fingered. worse, i’m no longer in a position to change the code. 	ssh tunneling examples most of my work is available publicly, but some development is hosted on a private svn that’s hidden behind a firewall. unfortunately, my primary development server is on the wrong side of that particular firewall, so i use the following command to bridge the gap: ssh -r :svn_host: username@dev_server.com that creates a reverse tunnel through my laptop to the svn server and allows me to checkout code using the following: 	yelp: a poster child for semantic markup search engine land.com: yelp…is…essentially a poster-child for semantic markup. this spring, google’s introduction of rich snippets has allowed yelp’s listings in the serps to stand out more, attracting consumers to click more due to the “bling” decorating the listings in the form of the star ratings. there are now some very good reasons why sites with ratings and reviews should be adopting microformats, and it’s not that hard to do! 	iphone’s anti-customer config file in march of this year apple applied for a patent on technology that enables or disables features of a phone via a config file. the tech is already in use: it’s the carrier profiles we’ve been downloading recently. on the one hand this is just an extension of the parental controls that apple has included in mac os x since the early days, but it also implies some rather anti-consumer thinking at the company. 	evil evil klaomta.com a quick google search of klaomta.com reveals more than a few people wondering why it’s iframed on their websites. the answer is that the site has been compromised. unfortunately for the fellow who asked me the question at wordcamp, solving the problem can be a bit of a chore. keeping your wordpress installation up to date is important, as there are some known security flaws in older versions, but most of the attacks that crackers use are targeted elsewhere. 	the wordpress way plugin development will norris‘ talk at wordcamp pdx introduces wordpress coding standards, common functions, and constants to would be plugin developers (and smacks those who’ve already done it wrong). also notable: functions, classes, variables, and constants in the wordpress trunk. custom installations just as wordpress has a number of hooks and filters that plugins can use to modify and extend behavior, it also has a cool way to customize the installation process. 	hacking wordpress login and password reset processes for my university environment any university worth the title is likely to have a very mixed identity environment. at plymouth state university we’ve been pursuing a strategy of unifying identity and offering single sign-on to web services, but an inventory last year still revealed a great number of systems not integrated with either our single sign-on (authn) or authorization systems (authz, see difference). and in addition to the many application/system specific stores of identity information (even for those systems integrated into our single sign-on environment), we also use both ldap and ad (which we try to synchronize at the application level). worst of all, the entire environment is provisioned solely from our mis database, which is good if you want to make sure that students and faculty get user accounts, but bad if you want to provision an account for somebody who doesn’t fit into one of those roles. the one way relationship between our user accounts and the mis database also makes it difficult to engage with new users online. if you can’t get an account until you become a student, how do you allow potential students to apply online if all your systems are integrated with single sign-on? and if you can’t authenticate the online identity of your users, how do you set initial passwords into your system? or allow them to reset a forgotten password online? internet companies never struggled with this issue, as their customers could only approach them online, but most universities built systems around paper applications and have fond (and relatively recent) memories of offering their students their first internet experience. it’s still not unusual for universities to offer their students their campus computing account with a default password based on supposedly secret data shared between the user and the school. but your ssn, birth date, and mother’s name are no longer secret. a proposed change in ferpa policy (see the the top of page in the nprm) would have barred the use of “a common form user name (e.g., last name and first name initial) with date of birth or ssn, or a portion of the ssn, as an initial password to be changed upon first use of the system” in systems that store academic data. the final rule excluded that provision, much to the relief of those schools with more lobbying clout than brains. 	pigeon beats adsl: slow networks or massive storage capacity? it was a tech story so apparently humorous that the popular media felt compelled to cover it: carrier pigeons delivered gbs of data faster than an adsl line. the bbc story’s subtitle read “broadband promised to unite the world with super-fast data delivery – but in south africa it seems the web is still no faster than a humble pigeon,” and that’s how most stories played it. unfortunately, they all got it wrong. moving data by homing pigeon requires some planning, and pigeons. source. the race was run by the unlimited group, but the clearest telling of it comes from wikipedia: inspired by rfc {.external.mw-magiclink-rfc}, on september the marketing team of the unlimited, a regional company in south africa, decided to host a tongue-in-cheek “pigeon race” between their pet pigeon “winston” and local telecom company telkom sa. the race is to send gigabytes of data from howick to hillcrest, approximately  km apart. the pigeon carrying a microsd{.mw-redirect} card (an avian variant of a sneakernet), versus a telkom adsl{.mw-redirect} line. winston beat the data transfer over telkom’s adsl line, with a total time of two hours, six minutes and seconds from uploading data on the microsd card to completion of download from card. at the time of winston’s victory, the gb adsl transfer was just under % complete. 	jsnes: javascript nintendo emulator ben fisherman’s jsnes runs entirely in the browser using nothing more intrusive than javascript. it apparently manages real-time performance within chrome, but it works (if not playably) on an iphone. i wish the screen was resizable and that it supported iphone compatible controls, but both of those assume that browser performance will improve enough to make it playable. interestingly, though not surprisingly, the safari js engine is limited to consuming a single cpu (which it quickly does while playing jsnes). 	itunes : closer to an api? will norris has discovered that itunes ’s interactions with the store are more web-happy. i’ve been asking where the itunes store api was for some time, now i think i’ve got what i need to build one. 	wordpress hacks: nested paths for wpmu blogs situation: you’ve got wordpress multi-user setup to host one or more domains in sub-directory mode (as in site.org/blogname), but you want a deeper directory structure than wpmu allows…something like the following examples, perhaps: site.org/blogname site.org/departments/blogname site.org/departments/blogname site.org/services/blogname the association between blog ids and sub-directory paths is determined in wpmu-settings.php, but the code there knows nothing about nested paths. so a person planning to use wordpress mu as a cms must either flatten his/her information architecture, or do some hacking. 	am i supposed to feel bad for at&t now? with at&amp;t facing lawsuits for not delivering mms features at the iphone gs launch, they kind of had to do something. i’m not sure if i’d be satisfied by this video if i were among the plaintiffs, but i think it does a good enough job. the stat about % annual increases in mobile data use is pretty powerful. i’d heard it a dozen times before*, but because i wasn’t in austin for sxsw iphone meltdown, i don’t have quite the same appreciation as some do. at&amp;t added capacity then, and they seem to have been scrambling elsewhere too. iphone users are said to be six times as likely as anybody else to watch video on their phones, and if wifi aggregator jiwire’s report says anything about cell data, the iphone has certainly changed the game. jiwire’s mobile audience insights report shows that over % of the devices on their network are either iphones (about % of the total) or ipod touches! and all the way back in in britain, iphone users were times as likely as other phone users to send or receive more than mb a month. it will be interesting to see what happens to other carriers as they get devices that encourage use as the iphone has. *actually, i hadn’t heard the % stat specifically, just inspecific reports of increased usage. 	now i want to watch (or re-watch) all these okay, i don’t want to watch all the movies depicted in this year overview of film special effects, but i did just add a few to my netflix queue. 	wordpress hacks: serving multiple domains situation: using wordpress mu (possibly including buddypress) on multiple domains or sub-domains of a large organization with lots of users. wordpress mu is a solid cms to support a large organization. each individual blog has its own place in the organization’s url scheme (www.site.org/blogname), and each blog can have its own administrators and other users. groups of blogs in wpmu make up a “site” and one or more sites can be hosted with a single implementation. (i’m capitalizing site for the same reason wordpress docs capitalize page) each site has a defined set of administrators and options controlling various features. you might, for instance, lock down the plugins on your blogs.site.org, while keeping it open on your www.site.org. or maybe you’d like to let your helpdesk staff create new blogs at blogs.site.org, but not at www.site.org. that’s what wpmu’s notion of site can help you control. 	online advertising metrics i don’t know if it’s just the mother’s day effect, but the top online retailers for may were dominated by flower shops. the top shop is converting almost % of their visitors to buyers, though the average is just over %. tim, meanwhile, claims he’s lowered his bounce rate to just %. 	not my chair, not my problem liam lynch explains the origin of the video, but what was dan deacon thinking as he [recorded the audio][ ]? of all the [free mp downloads][ ] he offers, [two friends][ ] from the acorn master album may be the most, um, listenable. thanks to [daily songsmith corey b (corey blanchette)][ ] for the tip. [ ]: www-dandeacon-com- drinking out of cups.mp [ ]: http://www.dandeacon.com/mp / [ ]: www-dandeacon-com- _two_friends.mp [ ]: http://coreyb .com/ 	who gets to control the future of libraries? the following was my email response to a thread on the web lib mail list: okay, it must be said: you’re all wrong . i can understand that news of a librarian being fired/furloughed will raise our defenses, but that’s no excuse for giving up the considered and critical thinking that this occasion demands. consider this: the principle’s blog reveals a reasonable person actively trying to improve academic performance despite crushing economic conditions. 	martin belam’s advice to hackers at the guardian’s july hack day an amusing hacks-conference lightning talk-turned-blog post on web development: “graceful hacks” – ux, ia and interaction design tips for hack days. martin belam‘s talk at the guardian’s july hack day must have been both funny and useful: funny: “however, i am given to understand that this is now deprecated and has gone out of fashion.” useful: “the yahoo! design pattern library is your friend.” 	hnews might not be so bad the ap’s diagram of their protect, point, pay “news drm” scheme looked like a joke, then i saw the parody. despite all the smoke and hype, ed felton explains that it’s underwhelming, at most. still, hnews might be an interesting format for some blogs to adopt. most of what the ap is rattling their saber about is in the rights (containing ccrel declarations). felton thinks the dependence on ccrel may extend derivative usage rights, rather than limit them. 	get your beer pong skills on 	do facebook ads work? all facebook is happy to share the ten laws of facebook advertising, but will those rules lead to better results than the . % ctr bob gilbreath got a year ago? 	newspaper business: news was a loss leader howard weaver wants newspapers to play offense against google and others, but chris tolles, ceo of news aggregator topix.com says he’s been trying weaver’s plan for a while, and there’s no bucket of gold to be found in it. the problem, it would appear, is that newspapers don’t sell news. they sell advertising space and pair it with news as a loss leader to keep the eyeballs. and while that worked in print, it doesn’t work on the web. 	google recommends microformats and rdfa google’s own webmasters help site recommends microformats and rdfa structured data to improve indexing and usefulness of the data. review metadata appears to have full support, while people, product, and business data are in beta. 	do air taxis actually work? i just thought to follow up on this story about dayjet, a high-flying air taxi service that planned to operate tiny, three-passenger eclipse jets. the story doesn’t deviate from economic trends: dayjet ceased operations in september , and the aircraft manufacturer entered chapter in february . the air taxi association says their operators save big money over scheduled airline service, but finding the price of that service can be hard. 	mozilla labs’ ubiquity http://www.vimeo.com/ mozilla labs’ ubiquity has a lot of promise: ubiquity is an experiment into connecting the web with language in an attempt to find new user interfaces that make it possible for everyone to do common web tasks more quickly and easily. it’s a firefox extension, so it works on macs, windows, and linux. with only a couple keystrokes, it lets you use language to instruct your browser. you can translate to and from most languages, add maps to your email, edit any page, twitter, check your calendar, search, email your friends, and much more. 	tomas mankovsky’s sorry i’m late http://www.vimeo.com/ i’m simply in love with this video. watch through the credits to see a bit of how it’s made. 	go blog, small orgs (or large) philip greenspun suggests small organizations use a blog for their website (ironically, not blogged): the small business web circa in , a small organization that wanted a web site would hire a “web designer” skilled in the exotic art of “html programming” to produce a static web site, i.e., a cluster of linked pages with a distinctive design and color scheme, giving information about the company or non-profit org. 	get the zimbra isync connector it can be difficult to get the zimbra isync connector, as the company doesn’t offer a simple download from their site. fortunately, the license allows us to freely redistribute their software. download the zimbra isync connector here. 	what is david mcnicol’s url cache plugin? the description to david mcnicol’s url cache plugin raises more questions than it answers: given a url, the url_cache() function will attempt to download the file it represents and return a url pointing to this locally cached version. where did he plan to use it? does he envision the cache as an archive, or for performance? why hasn’t it been updated since ? it caught my interest because i’ve long been interested in a solution to link rot in my blog. 	book search results vs. users bret victor offers the above design suggestions (from ) to amazon in the book search results display (he’s comparing to this). i didn’t discover them at the time, but many of them are still relevant now. bret notes that amazon’s display doesn’t do a good job of answering the questions a person has when searching for books: “what is the book about?” and “is it any good?” unfortunately, these questions are completely unaddressed by the information provided. 	too bad the hanzo archives wordpress plugin is caput the hanzo archives wordpress plugin is something i’d be very excited to use. ironically, it’s disappeared from the web (though the blog post hasn’t): we’ve released a wordpress plugin which automatically archives anything you link to in your blog posts; it also adds a ‘perma-permalink’ for the archived version adjacent to each original link. an amazon web services case study put me on to hanzo a while ago, and in may i actually spoke with mark middleton (the markm who posted the entry above). 	customizable post listings lorelle is a big fan of scott reilly’s customizable post listings: display recent posts, recently commented posts, recently modified posts, random posts, and other post, page, or draft listings using the post information of your choosing in an easily customizable manner. you can narrow post searches by specifying categories and/or authors, among other things. 	using vlc as a live video stream transcoder for axis camera and flv [i]n theory, i should be able to issue one command to vlc and have it receive the mpeg -es stream from the camera, transcode it to h. , and stream it to the wowza, which would handle the rest. via john beales. 	leaked video of bumblebee’s breakdance moves http://www.vimeo.com/ well, not ‘leaked,’ but just in time for the new transformers movie, patrick boivin has posted this video of bumblebee breakdancing. 	video or audio comments in wordpress with riffly in line with yesterday’s discovery of the viddler wp plugin, riffly webcam video comments also supports video or audio comments within wordpress: riffly is a free service that easily plugs into your site allowing visitors to create video and audio comments. the service is advertising supported. we cover all the costs for bandwidth, servers, and maintenance. optionally, we also offer premium riffly accounts that provide you with additional benefits, such as advertising removal, control panel access, analytics, and much more. 	video comments with viddler wordpress plugin the viddler wordpress plugin promises to “enrich your site’s commenting experience by enabling video comments….” users can record direcly from a web cam or choose a video they’ve previously uploaded to viddler.com. viddler evangelist colin devroe has it on his site, where i can see it requires would-be commenters have a viddler account. that last bit is too bad. i like viddler, but i can’t force my readers to like it and get accounts as a prerequisite to commenting. 	wolfram|alpha’s missing feature: libraries john timmer brings up my two biggest complaints about wolfram|alpha. the first is that it’s even harder to identify the source of information than it is in wikipedia, the other is what happens when searches fail: a bad web search typically brings up results that help you refine your search terms; a bad alpha search returns nothing, and it’s not clear that there’s an easy way to fix that. 	systems wrangling session at wordcamp developer day what is the current status of web servers…is apache .x “fast enough?” automattic uses lightspeed (for php), nginx (for static content), and apache (for media uploads). for wordpress-generated content, all server options are approximately the same speed. what about apc? automattic uses beta versions of apc, and provides a - x performance increase. it’s tied closely to the php version, so automattic recently switched from php to php . databases? 	andy peatling on buddypress why buddypress? “build passionate users around a specific niche.” do you have to become a social network? “no, look at gigaom pro,” a recently launched subscription research site based on buddypress. but, yo do get “byotos: bring your own terms of service.” that is, you get to control content and interactions. and your service won’t be subject to the whims of a larger network like facebook (or vagaries of their service — think ma. 	wordpress . script handling jquery . . is in wordpress . , but the most exciting changes are in the automatic concatenation and compression of scripts via the script loader. andrew ozz says “this feature can easily be extended to include scripts added by plugins and to use server side caching, however that would require some changes to the server settings (.htaccess on apache).” i have yet to figure out how to extend that feature to scripts in my plugins, but i’m working on it. 	google’s matt cutts on building better sites with wordpress % of wordpress blogs he sees are spam. but for those who aren’t spammers and want to do better in google…. “wordpress automatically solves a ton of seo issues…wordpress takes care of - % of seo.” still, he recommends a few extra plugins: akismet — reduce spam comments cookies for comments — reduce spam comments feedburner feedsmith wp super cache — improve performance “we crawl roughly in order of pagerank…higher ranked sites get crawled faster and deeper. 	understanding, leveraging google image search above is [peter linsley][ ] speaking about google image search at [smx west][ ] in february, . meanwhile, [stefan juhl suggests some javascript][ ] to break your site out of the image search result pages: many google image search users are quickly clicking on to the direct image url and thereby not seeing the page with the image. also, it seems that many of the users don’t hesitate to click back to the image serps when they don’t see the image “above the fold” – probably because of google image search framing the page with the picture and thus making it almost too easy to do so. 	on the one hand he wants to catapult chicken droppings, on the other hand he did catapult his wife; repeatedly the homeland security press is just getting wind of joe weston-webb’s attempts to deter vandals with nonlethal weapons, but the story became all the rage in britain when it broke last year. the stories hit all the timely bits: joe got burgled, so he announced plans to install a catapult. a what? a catapult. why? to launch chicken droppings at miscreants. unfortunately, the local constabulary warned him off, and the catapult wasn’t ready when burglars returned. 	zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance is available all over the web robert m. pirsig‘s zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance at amazon, a used book store, or your parent’s book shelf. still, it’s available on the web as pdf, at least two text files — one, two — and even as a podcast (subscribe via itunes). lots of people have re-traced the journey described in the book, at least one person has posted a travelogue about it to the web. henry gurr has posted pirsig’s own photos, and christoph bartneck pointed out many locations in google maps: 	is mysql . ready? mysql . hasn’t gotten a lot of love, but it does introduce support for pluggable storage engines. and that’s required to use sphinxse. sphinx is a fast full text search engine. it doesn’t need to run as a mysql storage engine to work, but doing that allows joining against other mysql tables. so while i’m watching the future of mysql alternatives, i’m also watching . bug fixes and playing with the coolstack-packaged . 	extreme sheep herding 	iphone g camera hacks and deets those unwilling to open of their iphone to adjust the camera focus might take a look at griffin’s clarifi, a case with a built-in close-up lens that can slide in our out of place as needed. flickr user meine ideenecke, meanwhile, has figured out the iphone camera specifications. he says it’s about mm ( mm equivalent), though this source says it’s mm. 	will tuneup fix my collection of podcast music downloads? now that i’ve discovered it, i’m tempted to try tuneup on my collection of mp s downloaded as podcasts (and without good id tags) from places like the kcrw’s today’s top tune. the story is that the itunes plugin automatically identifies your tracks, can fix the tags, and add album art. 	google street view camera sightings what happens when one of google’s street view camera vehicles encounters a low bridge or a muddy australian road? 	comparing panorama stitching tools the above are the result of panolab, hugin, calico, and a single shot with a very wide angle lens (canon’s - mm, effectively mm on my rebel xti). the first three originated on my iphone and the panolab shot was stitched and originally uploaded to flickr on my iphone (though i have since done some color enhancement and reuploaded the photo from my macbook pro). hugin is gpl, the other solutions are less free (in both senses). 	the difference between mysql’s utf _unicode_ci and. utf _general_ci collations mysql answer: utf _unicode_ci vs. utf _general_ci. collation controls sorting behavior. unicode rationalizes the character set, but doesn’t, on it’s own, rationalize sorting behavior for all the various languages it supports. utf _general_ci (ci = case insensitive) is apparently a bit faster, but sloppier, and only appropriate for english language data sets. 	the many uses of a pockettorch doesn’t everybody need a pockettorch? it’s a “safe, practical tool,” they say. more amusingly, the list of suggested uses includes: melting your cache of gold, scaring grandma, lighting illegal fireworks, dental/lab work, and making friends jealous. 	fun threads for librarians who doesn’t want to be an anarchist librarian? or a bibliophian? 	photoshop retouching magic vs. disasters compare the retouching portfolio here against the regular posts at photoshop disasters. 	lessons learned: why it’s better not to use parentheses when they’re optional there it is in the php manual for return(): note: since return() is a language construct and not a function, the parentheses surrounding its arguments are not required. it is common to leave them out, and you actually should do so as php has less work to do in this case. i knew the parentheses were optional, but i’ve been merrily using them all along. and i probably would have continued doing so until i saw the second note attached to the docs: 	mysql correlated subqueries correlated subqueries are said to be “inefficient and likely to be slow,” but that doesn’t mean i’m not glad to have learned of them. 	what is an archive in the digital age? jessamyn pointed out the dust up over the dissapearing of paperofrecord.com, a historical newspaper archive. 	most annoying song ever? is this the most annoying song ever? independent + catchy and pop gone wrong. 	how much do you want that job? one of the many odd questions this prank job application asks is: what are you willing to wear at work? (check all that apply) paper hat tie hairnet spandex singing omelet costume 	sweet vw bus scooter sidecar i spied this drool-worthy scooter and sidecar combo on scooter sidecars. 	wordpress action ticketing api this plugin is the next step after my proposal for a common invite api. here’s how i described it when requesting hosting at the plugin directory: a common framework for registering tickets that will be acted upon later. use it to manage challenge/response interactions to confirm email addresses, phone numbers, im screen names, twitter accounts, etc. build an invite system around it, or use it as the foundation of a short url system. 	you think you’re paying too much for mobile data? a caller to clark howard’s cnn show complains of being billed $ , by his cell phone provider for data usage. and oklahoman billie parks has filed suit over a $ , bill. 	saving objects in wordpress’ user meta there’s a hole in the wall at about head level next to my desk. i’ve spent most of the day trying to track down a bug with some code i’ve been working on to add fields to a user’s profile in wordpress. the problem is that upon trying to save the profile i’d get an error like the following: catchable fatal error: object of class stdclass could not be converted to string in /wp-includes/wp-db. 	expandrive ftp/sftp/amazon s client expandrive makes ftp, sftp, and amazon s connectivity dead easy. expandrive acts just like a usb drive plugged into your mac. open, edit, and save files to remote computers from within your favorite programs—even when they are on a server half a world away. expandrive enhances every single application on your computer by transparently connecting it to remote data. 	php magic constants: __line__, __file__, __dir__, __function__, __class__, __method__, and __namespace__ i’ve been using __file__ for years, but i never thought to look for its siblings. echo ' line:'. __line__ .' file:'. __file__ .' directory:'. __dir__ .' function:'. __function__ .' class:'. __class__ .' method:'. __method__ .' namespace:'. __namespace__; i feel as though i should have noticed these earlier; they’re clearly referenced in the docs for debug_backtrace(), after all. 	down the drain: flowers in the in-sink-erator flickr video i can’t explain my fascination with putting flowers into the in-sink-erator, but the sink does smell like flowers afterwards. music is evil by beads. 	trash fiction book covers a while ago i discovered a great collection of scanned book covers from s-ish pulp fiction in flickr. i had gone looking for things to post on our clipboard wall, but these are too fun to walk away from — especially now that sandee’s put cats up. 	marc acito on strunk and white’s elements of style when it comes to “shall” and “will,” strunk and white gives the following example: “a swimmer in distress cries, ‘i shall drown; no one will save me!’ ” but a suicide says, “i will drown; no one shall save me!” and i say, “you two (pedantic) know-it-alls deserve to drown.” i mean, what about “help!” via who needs a manual to write real good?. 	yahoo! bids adieu to yahoo! has divested itself of blo.gs and is shuttering geocities. would this have happened in a good economy? no. did it need to happen anyway? yes. yes. yes. and for the love of god, yes. 	tips to publishers from google news it turns out that there are a lot of differences between google’s regular web crawler and the google news crawler. and though very few of us will find our content included in google news, it still seems like a good idea to make our content conform to their technical requirements. here are a few of them: in order for our crawler to correctly gather your content, each article needs to link to a page dedicated solely to that article. 	correction: i do still need the wufoo forms wordpress embed shortcode a few weeks ago i said i no longer needed the wufoo embedding code that i’d put into bsuite. i was wrong. so i’ve taken another look, fixed the code from my old post, and coded it up into a stand-alone plugin. i’ve added installation and usage instructions to the bottom of the original post. 	what’s the best panorama stitching app for iphone? i spent some time looking for panorama-related apps for the iphone and came up with the following: panorama by airshed panoramas by helix interactive tripstitch by byteslice software pano by debacle software panoramascope by phil endicott panolab and panolab pro by originate lab i’ve actually played with panolab a bit (landscape, portrait) after seeing p ps harlow using it. 	fixing batcache to send the correct content-type header i’m a fan of batcache, the memcached-based wordpress full-page cache solution, but i’ve discovered that it ignores the content-type header set when the page is initially generated and re-sends all content with content-type: text/html. i posted a note about this at the wordpress support forums, but then i realized what the problem was: apache_response_headers() doesn’t return the content type, but headers_list() does. the solution is to replace apache_response_headers() with headers_list() in the code, though headers_list() is php + only, so it might be a while before we see a change like this committed. 	facebook’s favorite metadata [facebook’s guide to sharing][ ] details some meta tags to make that sharing work better: in order to make sure that the preview is always correctly populated, you should add the tags shown below to your html. an example news story could have the following: &gt; &gt; as shown, title contains the preview title, description contains the preview summary and image_src contains the preview image. please make sure that none of the content fields contain any html markup because it will be stripped out. 	google labs: similar images and news timeline new releases from google labs: similar images and news timeline. i count it as a failure for google that the news timeline doesn’t show future events. 	three or more ways to record or intercept voip calls voip now offers a few tips, hackszine discusses voipong, and mac voip mentions cain &amp; abel and describes arp poisoning to make a man-in-the-middle intercept. 	jeeves is back! does your organization need its own avatar/personality? if you remember ask.com, you probably remember jeeves. now he’s back on the uk site. it turns out that people liked the old chap, and in this age of social media, it’s probably prudent to have a corporate avatar (it looks a lot better on facebook, anyway). there’s more about the resurrection at search engine land. 	flight level , pvd kent wien‘s photo of providence, rhode island is better than average for the camera out the window genre. 	william shatner’s rocketman still makes me laugh elton john and bernie taupin wrote it, but william shatner did it best. watch the video now and download the mp for future enjoyment. thanks to vasken for pointing out the video. 	do we need a wordpress common invite or challenge-response api? the buddypress forums have a number of threads about handling invitations (two worth looking at: one, two), but no real solution has emerged. at the same time, there’s also a need for some means of confirming other actions such as password resets, email changes (both of those are already handled by wpmu, i know), cell phone numbers to receive sms messages, and other actions that need to be confirmed later. 	fixing user meta to accept repeating fields — just in time for the wordpress has-patch marathon there’s a wordpress has-patch marathon going on now and i’m hoping one of my recent patches gets some attention. i’m hoping to fix the user meta functions to allow them to accept multiple values per key, per user. it’s listed there among the other has-patch tickets in trac, and there’s been some discussion in wp-hackers. why not take a look? 	wifi is critical to academia, the wifi alliance says a study sponsored by the wifi alliance reveals the following: wifi and college choice % of college students say wi-fi access is as essential to education as classrooms and computers % say they wouldn’t go to a college that doesn’t have free wi-fi % say that without wi-fi access, college would be a lot harder % agree that widely available wi-fi on campus is an indication that a school cares about its students wifi and where they use it % have connected from coffee shops and restaurants % from parks % from in their cars wifi in the classroom % have checked facebook™ or myspace™ and sent or received e-mail while using their laptop in class % have sent instant messages to a friend during class % used wi-fi to get a head start on an assignment before a class was finished wifi and linkbaiting statistics if forced to choose, % would give up beer before giving up wi-fi survey methodology: “in conjunction with the wi-fi alliance, wakefield research surveyed u. 	globesurfer x- wireless broadband router option globesurfer x• router: “a new product that transforms any usb wireless modem into an instant internet-connected wifi network capable of supporting multiple users.” too bad i can’t figure out where to buy it. also too bad that i can’t simply do this with a jail-broked iphone. i mean, doesn’t an iphone have everything it needs built-in: a cell-phone modem, wifi hardware, and enough unixy goodness to support nat and routing? 	bumptop: taking the desktop metaphor deeper bumptop: a fun, intuitive d desktop that keeps you organized and makes you more productive. like a real desk, but better. your desktop doesn’t have to be a boring graveyard for lost and forgotten files anymore! transform it with bumptop. create the desktop that suits your needs and style. recently reviewed in arstechnica. 	extracting/decompressing .rar files on mac os x mac os x doesn’t ship with unrar, the common linux utility, but you can easily get it bundled in unrarx, a convenient mac os x utility. dig around and you’ll find it in unrarx.app/contents/resources. 	not sure that rev=“canonical” is really the solution anything that can help stop this kind of madness is worth a good long look (yes, i don’t like the diggbar any more than john gruber, despite digg’s assurances it’s safe), so i’ve had rev=“canonical” on my mind (yes, that’s rev, not rel). chris shiflett thinks it will save the internet, but matt cutts suggests what i’ve always thought: why not resolve short urls to their long form and store/display them that way? 	cas is a standard protocol, not a standard application i’m not really part of the jasig cas community (learn more), but i do maintain the wpcas wordpress cas client and i’ve started development of a cas server component for wordpress. that project is on hold because one of the products that i’d expected to integrate with it doesn’t use standard cas and the vendor of that app has chosen to modify the jasig cas server to support their apps. 	weird screw drive russian truck 	can we stop complaining about taxes already? andrew tobias asks if we can finally put the tax argument to bed: is the reason you’re not investing in stocks these days (a) the prospect of having to pay % capital gains tax? or (b) the fear of further losses? (well, or – c – that you don’t have any money?) is the reason you don’t start a new business that (a) if it made you a lot of money you’d have to pay a lot of taxes? 	sniff sniff — network sniffing in mac os x adam had to remind me of this: sudo tcpdump -i en -s port of course tcpdump can only tell us what other machines the computer is talking to, not what the conversation is. that requires a sniffer like wireshark. 	iphone earbud + business card hacks: speakers and cord winder two interesting submissions to the core business card hacks challenge: earbud speakers and a cord winder. 	you’re nobody unless you’re fake — on twitter here’s a simple way to tell whether the star you’re following is the real thing. are the alleged celebrity’s tweets funny and entertaining, with a palpable sense of self-awareness and wit? full on fake then, and by default, well worth following. oh, and twitter, if you’re still confused, the fake celebs are the ones who cannot afford a publicist to announce that the @fakeaccount everyone’s following isn’t really them. 	damn firewalls…but which firewall? for some reason two cdns, bitgravity and castfire, are being blocked on campus. you might think firewall, but the problem even seems to appear outside the firewall. 	international pillow fight day world pillow fight day in boston last saturday was not only a lot of spring fever fun, it also resulted in a marriage proposal. banditos misteriosos estimates there were over , pillow fighters, apparently making it one of the largest fights that day. view the above panorama large to see the crowd. detroit police shut down the fight there, confiscating pillows and demanding permits, though the calgary fight went without incident, despite concerns about permits. 	adventure cameras: olympus vs. panasonic i’ve been keeping my eye on the olympus stylus tough- . it’s reportedly durable and waterproof to feet. but i’ve just discovered the panasonic lumix dmc-ts , also supposedly tough and waterproof (though only to feet). the panasonic, however, can shoot hd video and has a higher maximum iso. the panasonic also does some funky facial recognition (which favors recognized faces when focusing), but the olympus can stitch multiple-shot panoramas in the camera and has “tap control” that allows, well, it appears to allow you to control the camera’s settings by tapping the sides rather than fiddling with buttons. 	things learned from the durex sexual wellbeing survey yes, they did a survey, and the results show the french have plenty of sex, but are among the least satisfied for all that activity. russians ( %), brazilians ( %), and greeks ( %) appear to be the most likely to get it at least once a week, while in japan it appears both infrequent and unsatisfying. new zealand distinguished itself for being the only country where women averaged more partners than men. 	we were warned about this… years ago fortune magazine, march , : like alligators in a swamp, financial derivatives lurk in the global economy. deriving their value from the worth of some underlying asset, like currencies or equities, these potentially lucrative contracts are measured in trillions of dollars. but they also lie in convoluted layers in a tightly wound market of global interconnections. and that gives them the capacity to bring on a worldwide financial quake. 	new plymouth state university mascot matt worked this up for our university portal today. plymouth has long been the panthers, but a little change does the university good. panthers may have paws, but platypi have venom. 	crime vs. highways. or, internet security is a social (not technical) problem stefan savage, speaking in a segment on march ’s on the media, asked: the question i like to ask people is, what are you going to do to the highway system to reduce crime. and when you put it that way, it sounds absolutely ridiculous, because while criminals do use the highway, no rational person is suggesting that if only we could change the transportation architecture that crime would go away. 	 mm f/ . the canon mm f . is the stuff of legend. sure it wasn’t particularly sharp, and depth of field was so short that you’re unlikely to get an entire face in focus, but the notion of a lens that bright is more than a little attractive (even if you’re unlikely to have enough light to focus at all if you’re in a situation where you need the f . maximum aperture). 	php icalendar php icalendar can parse and render ical formatted files. apple’s developer docs, amusingly enough, offer a few more hints along those lines. 	wufoo forms wordpress embed shortcode i tossed this together a while ago, and it even made it in to bsuite for a time, but i don’t have a need for it anymore, and i’m cleaning house. function shortcode_wufoo( $arg ){ // [wufoo id=z x m domain=place.wufoo.com] $arg = shortcode_atts( array( 'id' =&gt; false, 'domain' =&gt; false, 'height' =&gt; , ), $arg ); if( !$arg['id'] || !$arg['domain'] ) return( false ); return( str_replace( array( '%%id%%','%%domain%%','%%height%%' ), array( $arg['id'], $arg['domain'], $arg['height'] ), '&lt;iframe height=&quot;%%height%%&quot; allowtransparency=&quot;true&quot; frameborder=&quot; &quot; scrolling=&quot;no&quot; style=&quot;width: %; border:none&quot; src=&quot;https://%%domain%%/embed/%%id%%/&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://%%domain%%/forms/%%id%%/&quot;&gt;fill out my wufoo form! 	jellyfish at the monterey bay aquarium flickr video 	the year war a commentary by doug bandow of the future of freedom foundation points out how much we love war, well at least politicians love war: war has become a centerpiece of american politics. the war on terrorism is the focus of u.s. foreign policy. a real war is being fought in iraq. jimmy carter proclaimed the “moral equivalent of war” over energy. some analysts are advocating a war on obesity. 	the economist on open source from the economist in : open-source business: open, but not as usual. 	happy st. patrick’s day the entire kitchen is sandee’s playground, and that includes the chalkboard. i’m not sure what holiday she’ll decide to honor next. she’s been busy elsewhere at home too. 	mysql slow query log analysis peter at mysql performance blog pointed out this sweet perl script to analyze mysql’s slow query logs. (this is supposedly a php port.) the script does a good job of aggregating similar queries (those that only differ in their query values) and displaying overall stats for them. the following two queries are showing up a lot in my wpmu installation because i also have it set to log queries that don’t use indexes. 	slideshare wordpress embed shortcode i’m cleaning house in [bsuite][ ], and i’ve decided that this shortcode function for embedding slideshare items in wordpress needs to go. rather than totally toss it away, however, i’m posting it here in case somebody else finds it useful. ``` function shortcode_slideshare( $arg ){ // [slideshare id= &doc=misty-holland- - &w= ] $arg = shortcode_atts( array( 'id' =&gt; false, ), $arg ); if( ! $arg['id'] ) return( false ); return( str_replace( '%%id%%', $arg['id'], ' ' )); } add_shortcode('slideshare', array(&amp;amp;$this, 'shortcode_slideshare')); 	i missed the nightclub and bar show the international nightclub and bar show ran in las vegas last week, bringing a bunch of nightclub, bar, tavern, pub, restaurant, and hotel professionals to the city, including my friends at biba. dave must be faking his shock at the free shots, music, and dancing girls filling the hall “all at noon on a tuesday!” i’m not at all involved in the business, but i think i need to go next year. 	volkswagen ad claimed too violent for british tv first it was , then over complaints about the matrix-style (that means fake looking) kung foo action in volkswagen’s new ad. 	dual-wan or multi-wan load balancing routers bonding and . ad/ . ax link aggregation it’s not, but dual- or mutil-wan load balancing seems like a good way to improve overall bandwidth and reliability. the cisco/linksys rv (just under $ ) can group up to seven different wan connections, but the customer reviews are only so-so. for a little more i can get a peplink balance that can handle three wan connections and seems built for speed. there are other products, i know, but not a lot of information about any of them. 	yeah, i’m that guy i’m flying virgin america from bos to sfo, and apparently all their planes on that route offer in-flight internet via gogo. $ . buys mbps down and kbps up (at least early on when nobody else seemed to be using it). i can get my iphone online for only bucks, but as far as i can tell, i’d have to buy two plans if i wanted to use both on this flight. 	fly safe, fly without id this is an old one, but because i’m in the air again today it’s worth digging up this up. defense tech long ago pointed out the identity project‘s position on showing id for air travel: if a year-old college student can get a fake id to drink, why couldn’t a bad person get one, too? and no matter how sophisticated the security embedded into the id, wouldn’t a well-financed terrorist be able to falsify that, too? 	mmm… bacon who doesn’t like bacon, or little piglets? or kittens? 	juice your opac richard wallace’s juice project (javascript user interface componentised extensions) is a “simple componentised framework constructed in javascript to enable the sharing of ajax stye extensions to a web interface.” wordpress or scriblio users might do well to think about it as a way to put widgets on systems that don’t support widgets, though as richard points out, “the framework is applicable to any environment which, via identifiers contained within a html page, needs to link to or embed external resources. 	way cooler than a catalog i got a little excited when shirley lincicum wrote to the ngc lib mail list: [o]ne of the most frustrating things for me about next generation catalog systems as they currently exist is that they seem wholly focused on the user interface and can, in fact, actually hold libraries back from designing or implementing improved “back end” systems because of the dependencies introduced by the new “discovery layer” applications. i was excited because almost two years ago i wrote something like this: 	usability vs. open source this article comparing the usability of joomla vs. wordpress has already been linked by everybody’s uncle, but it’s still worth a look. i find it amusing, however, that none of the comments so far on that blog post mention the commitment that the core wordpress team appears to have on making blogging fun. if you start with the goal of making something fun, then add sophistication to make it flexible without being complex, you’ll get a very different result than you would if you started with different goals. 	tattoo: pantone seanbonner‘s photo of esther’s new tattoo makes me want one. tgfkae&rsquo;s new tattoo by seanbonner on flickr 	scriblio theater flickr video flickr video i should have done screencasts like the above long ago. it’s not that they’re great, but they are a wonderful excuse to use the canned lounge music i’ve got. those videos are now on the front page of the official scriblio site, and i did five more to demo the installation and configuration. big thanks go to collingswood nj public library director brett bonfield who let me use his library like this. 	pedal powered hovercraft i love the engineering of the lift fan on this pedal powered hovercraft. it needs a little more lift to make really work, but wow. 	scriblio . released my slides for my presentation yesterday at code lib are available both as a . mb quicktime and a . mb pdf, while the gist of talk went something like this: scriblio is an open source wordpress plugin that adds the ability to search, browse, and create structured data to the the popular blog/content management platform. and wordpress adds great ease of use, permalinks, comments/trackbacks/pingbacks, and other social and web-centric features to that structured data. 	is internet linking legal? you’d think the top search results on the matter would be newer than , but that’s where you’ll find this nyt article and publaw item story, both from precambrian times. worse, both of those articles suggest that my links to them may not be entirely kosher. the problem is probably that us courts have not spoken clearly on such a case. a danish court in did, but i think that no case in the us has gone far enough to actually set a precedent. 	don’t be stupid, magenta is a color anybody who claims magenta isn’t a color is stupid, lying, or link-baiting. take it from a color-blind person: all colors are a matter of perception, and claiming magenta isn’t a color because it doesn’t fit neatly in the linear spectrum of visible electromagnetic radiation is like saying this isn’t music because the vibrations that tickle our ear aren’t the result of a monotone sinusoidal wave. we have no equivalent of polyphony for light, but just as it took a whole orchestra to make jaws scary, the colors we perceive are most commonly a mixture of different frequencies of light. 	make yours a modbook i really don’t know what i’d do with a tablet, but it’s still plenty interesting to see this modbook come together. on the other hand, if there’s anything to the earlier rumors of an apple tablet, i hope it leads to some sort of large-screen iphone-like device. 	pedal powered big wheel fun this big wheel was purported to be the work of cyclecide, a sf-based bike art collective. the big wheel is cool no matter who built it, and cyclecide’s pedal powered contraptions look awesome: the pedal powered roller coaster looks tame by comparison. 	turning a podcast track into a music track in itunes i subscribe to a few song of the day podcasts, which makes it easy to get the tracks, but difficult to enjoy them as music in itunes. but podcast tracks can’t be simply moved over to the music section of your library, it takes a little finagling. there’s a lot of advice out there suggesting you use one of the menu commands to convert the track to mp or aac, but i prefer not to re-encode my music, and that’s a big hammer for a small problem. 	 , (max), (avg) mysql queries per second the above graph is far from typical, but i love that the box (the top one in this picture) can do the job when it needs to. this activity is a result of bulk record imports, web activity results in relatively little database traffic due to my use of memcached and batcache. 	the world’s greenest roller coaster this pedal-powered roller coaster is washuzan highland park‘s skycycle in okayama prefecture, japan it appears that the only co emissions are the huffing and puffing of riders peddling to the top. the park does have three traditionally powered steel coasters (the ultra, star jet, and chupy). 	how to ruin valentine’s day, and a basketball game valentine’s day will never be the same for this dude. aparently, however, marriage proposal rejections at basketball games are common, though this lol cats proposal worked out well. 	matching multi-line regex in bbedit i love bbedit on my mac, but i was left scratching my head again today when i was trying to remember how to make its regex engine match a pattern across multiple lines. my hope was to extract a list of initial articles from a page that had html like this: 	wordcamp higher ed, northeast it’s not wordcamp paris (running on february), but wordcamp edu northeast is today. i’m there to meet up with fellow wordpressies and talk about extending wordpress with holladay penick and dave lester. squeezing the three of us into a single time slot requires quite a bit of cutting, especially if we hope to have time to answer questions, so i’ll be focusing on scriblio. that means i won’t be talking about how we’re going to use buddypress or replace significant portions of our university portal with it. 	why are these people so happy? the soothing ambient sounds and smiling faces might be enough to have you keep this site open all winter long, but then you’d have to explain it. 	the world record headspin master is times cooler than me darien’s new materials handling is cool, but not world record headspin cool. actually, that’s probably a false comparison, enjoy them both. 	woot! wordpress mu . out sure, matt says it’s thank a plugin developer day, but let’s hear it for the developers who just tagged wordpress mu . ! not long ago there were still files to merge, now it’s done and ready for the next version. 	new hampshire: live free or die by firing squad nh state representative delmar burridge recently introduced hb proscribing death by firing squad: when the penalty of death is imposed, the punishment for a defendant convicted under rsa : , i(g) shall be execution by firing squad. burridge would likely describe himself as “principled,” like when he reported one of his constituents to the cops because of his advocacy for marijuana decriminalization. the photo above is a still from a ridley report interview with him. 	not happy it’s called gigapan, a robotic panorama-maker. david bergman used one to take the picture above (though his view was much larger) (you can buy your own for about $ if you get in on the beta). the point, however, is that if you zoom in real close, you can see w’s pursed lipped scowl. 	sitting in sin thomas von staffeldt’s remix of arne jacobsen‘s “chair no. ”. above are gluttony, pride, and lust. they’re all on auction, but does that suggest avarice? 	through the viewfinder original_ann‘s hacked-together rig for shooting though the viewfinder of her kodak starflex has me wanting one. she has a beautiful set and points to the through the viewfinder group for more. 	the real intronetz argument “what happens when a group that commands respect meets an audience that doesn’t give it readily?” pete cashmore on the vatican launching youtube channel. 	oh noes! my table is gone! # mysqlcheck -p -a --auto-repair --optimize wp_ _options info : found block with too small length at ; skipped info : wrong block with wrong total length starting at info : found block with too small length at ; skipped warning : number of rows changed from to status : ok cleaning up the mess after a hardware failure can suck. this mysqlcheck output is from the wp_options table for this blog. 	a cocktail i can believe in sandee’s toasting tomorrow’s inauguration with a special “fresh start cocktail.” i’m not usually one for overwrought imagery, but the delicate fruit flavor is quite refreshing change from the dark and stormy winter we’ve been suffering. and no, i really don’t know if i’m talking about the feet of snow that’s fallen these past couple months of those eight years we’ve suffered. 	everybody’s underwear i was using the dirty laundry metaphor in a previous post and wanted to extend it a bit by saying something like: for the generation of children who’s parents have already posted their silliest and most embarrassing baby pictures to facebook and elsewhere, being caught in your underwear is both expected and forgivable. being evil, on the other hand… except i couldn’t find a link to support my claim. 	gaming help: bond : quantum of solace walkthrough shadowzack knows his games a lot better than i do. even though he says it’s “crap”, i’m enjoying playing bond : quantum of solace on my wii. i only play about one game a year, so i’m not ashamed to go looking for a bit of help in shadowzack’s walkthroughs: chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter chapter 	hardmuth’s diy ring flash is quite a hack this light-piped ring flash should do the trick. it’s gotta be cheaper than canon’s offering (though cheap ring lights can be had for under $ ), and it seems to work more than well enough. 	no such thing as bad publicity finding a blog post about a condom and a cheeseburger made a friend ask if student blogs should be moved off-domain. my flippant answer was “there’s no such thing as bad publicity.” his retort was simple and quick: “tell that to the catholic church.” it stung. he had me, i was sure. it’s hard for many americans not to think of sex abuse when catholic church comes to mind, but there are probably two lessons from that: 	gaming: pac-txt richard moore’s pac-txt is even more brilliant than his paper pong (which, ironically, you can play online). here’s a transcript of my best pac-txt game to date: pac-txt! -------- you awaken in a large complex, slightly disoriented. glowing dots hover mouth level near you in every direction. off in the distance you hear the faint howling of what you can only imagine must be some sort of ghost or several ghosts. 	patrick mcgoohan dead at patrick mcgoohan, creator of the prisoner, has died. 	looking back at mac hardware performance i recently replaced the mac mini i use to host my web development with a powermac g . (story: the mini was mine, a personal purchase i made to support my work on scriblio and other wordpress-related projects, but recent changes in our network and firewall policy made the machine inaccessible from off-campus without using the vpn. having a personal machine sit at my desk at work isn’t as useful if i can’t use it conveniently and for para-work activities, so i wanted to take the mini home. 	firefox improved rdf browsing lbjay uses both the tabulator and semantic radar firefox plugins to do magic with rdf in his browser. 	play flv in quicktime player using perian perian: “the swiss-army knife of quicktime components” file formats: avi, divx, flv, mkv, gvi, vp , and vfw video types: ms-mpeg v &amp; v , divx, ivx, h. , sorenson h. , flv/sorenson spark, fsv , vp , h i, vp , huffyuv, ffvhuff, mpeg &amp; mpeg video, fraps, snow, nuppelvideo, techsmith screen capture, dosbox capture the lgpl–licensed quicktime plugin installs easily on mac os x . and does what it promises. flv videos (such as those you’d sneakily download from youtube) open just like any other quicktime vid, and you can easily export them to other types. 	corey blanchette’s song project the photos meme was quite popular last year (despite the day leap year). i might have joined, but it’s unlikely i would have finished. instead, i’ve been pushing my my brother-in-law corey blanchette, nicknamed coreyb or coreyb , to do songs in . he launched on january first and since then has done songs about elves, the serotonin in saratoga, albert ayler, and a bunch of others. 	if i ever find myself in prague… ilya schurov thinks this is the time capsule from from isaak asimov‘s the end of eternity. it’s really the elevator and stair (or ramp)-way in prague‘s old town hall. a clock and great views of the square are at the top. thinking of interesting elevators to be found in europe: the paternoster. 	diy fisheye lens for aiptek go-hd camera the aiptek go-hd isn’t such a bad camera for the money. it does p video and megapixel photos, but the lens doesn’t go very wide. but a post in the flickr blog pointed to a solution: use a door peephole as a fisheye lens. it works, but holding the peephole in front of the camera can get tiresome. here’s how i solved it: a rubber stopper easily holds the peephole, while a . 	some predictions come true way back in dave winer made a bet: in a google search of five keywords or phrases representing the top five news stories of , weblogs will rank higher than the new york times’ web site. it’s important to remember that in people still wrote “weblogs” in quotes, as though they weren’t sure how to use the word. winer won his bet in . anybody want to make a bet about ? 	safe livestock transportation recommendations you might not have cared to know the recommended trucking practices for pigs or other livestock, but colorado state university professor temple grandin is happy to explain all of that and more. she’s got videos too. perhaps you know somebody who made a new year’s resolution to improve the way they truck their livestock? 	you didn’t know they were fighting: the karen national liberation army in myanmar this news story from alerted me to a war i didn’t know anybody was fighting: the liberation of karen state from myanmar. the knla (karen national liberation army) and knu (karen national union) have been fighting for independence since the british left burma (myanmar) in . what do you get a -year old rebel movement for its birthday? here are their demands: for us, surrender is out of the question. 	super cheap aiptek go-hd video camera a while ago now i bought a aiptek go-hd p from amazon for cheap. the fotoramp review was helpful; links to actual raw video convinced me; but this video review was absolutely no help at all. you can’t track the brand on flickr; but a search reveals a few photos (one, two), a video, and even some photo panoramas (one, two) assembled from the video. you can see my own test videos here (note the link to the raw video in the description of each). 	new year’s hangover remedies i find a few sausage, egg, and cheese breakfast sandwiches and chocolate milk do the trick, but i’d eat those every day if i could. i’m always dubious of claims to national consensus, but this is especially ridiculous. is our national hangover cure really tomato juice and eggs? i thought it was hair of the dog, or beer and eggs. friends of mine have been so concerned by the challenge that they’ve developed biba, an electrolyte rich mixer that’s supposed to reduce the risk of hangover from the start (join their facebook group to learn more). 	will time warner cable customers be able to watch nickelodeon in the morning (or visit nick.com)? this dispute is going on now, tonight. there are obviously at least two sides to this story (viacom &amp;time warner cable). you’d think a media giant like viacom would know how to handle this one, but it seems that all they’ve got is that splash screen in front of a bunch of their websites and this uninspiring ad. time warner cable, which you might think is just a bunch of network plumbers, seems a little more connected. 	wired but disconnected duckett‘s wired but disconnected on ccmixter is actually ironic: the whole song is the result of an online collaboration. listen 	lensbaby baby i have an old lensbaby . (looks like this) that does a great job of making casual snapshots look like real portraits. but i also find it really difficult to get focus on my subject. blame my bad eyes, my insistence on using it wide open with it’s shallowest depth of field, and simply sloppiness, but i can’t do it. this new lensbaby composer with a sort of normal focus ring (rather than flexible bellows), might work a little better. 	tankmen tankmen is funny, no doubt, but i wonder what it means when we’re deeply embroiled in two of the longest running armed conflicts of us history that we find it so easy to make comedy about war. 	happy holidays! jappy jaladays begets a number of other punny greetings: merry mojitos! merry margaritas! tijuana celebrate? hope you do. party tortilla tired! don’t let the season tequila. salsa nice having you in our lives. let’s go singing christmas cuervos! 	youtomb tracks takedowns on youtube youtomb continually monitors the most popular videos on youtube for copyright-related takedowns. any information available in the metadata is retained, including who issued the complaint and how long the video was up before takedown. the goal of the project is to identify how youtube recognizes potential copyright violations as well as to aggregate mistakes made by the algorithm. 	hacking cellphones for public health using only an led, plastic light filter and some wires, scientists at ucla have modded a cellphone into a portable blood tester capable of detecting hiv, malaria and other illnesses. via wired. 	lcsh linked data lcsh.info is gone, but there’s a lot to learn from this paper. i wish i’d seen that earlier. 	everybody’s spoon is too big 	best of craigslist: manly bike for sale from the best-of-craigslist: manly bike for sale: what kind of bike? i don’t know, i’m not a bike scientist. what i am though is a manly guy looking to sell his bike. this bike is made out of metal and kick ass spokes. the back reflector was taken off, but if you think that deters me from riding at night, you’re way wrong. i practiced ninja training in japan’s mount fuji for years and the first rule they teach about ninja biking is that back reflectors let the enemy know where you are. 	plugin options pages in wordpress . wordpress . requires that plugins explicitly white list their options using a couple new functions. wordpress mu has required this security measure for a while, and it’s nice to see an evolved form of it brought to the core code. [migrating plugins and themes to . ][ ] article in the codex offers some guidance, but here’s how it works: first, register each option for your plugin during the admin_init action: ``` function myplugin_admin_init(){ register_setting( 'my-options-group', 'my-option-name- ', 'absint' ); register_setting( 'my-options-group', 'my-option-name- ', 'wp_filter_nohtml_kses' ); } add_action( 'admin_init', 'myplugin_admin_init' ); ``` in the example above, the value for my-option-name- will be filtered by absint before being saved to the options table. 	quizzes are good link bait via information nation: how long could you survive chained to a bunk bed with a velociraptor? and how many five year olds could you take in a fight?. 	the social beaver: s campus life at mit really, it’s titled “the social beaver,” though i can’t imagine campus life ever looking like that. aside: mit’s techtv is powered by viddler’s white-label solutions. 	woodman institute, dover, nh the woodman institute museum in dover nh is famous for having a four-legged chicken, but that’s only a small example of the weirdness you’ll find inside. a big collection of snakes and bugs and bears in top hats along with other examples of taxidermy fills the first two floors. the top floor is dedicated to war and includes the obligatory rusty cannon ball that killed and maimed. 	what could have been: lee mercer’s presidential campaign former presidential candidate lee mercer shares your concern for circumstances and issues. he wants to crack down on treason and recognizes democratic concerns about expansion of executive power. 	mysql . released, community takes stock mysql . is out as a ga release, but with crashing bugs that should give likely users pause. perhaps worse, the problems are blamed on essential breakdowns in the project management: “we have changed the release model so that instead of focusing on quality and features our release is now defined by timeliness and features. quality is not regarded to be that important.” still, people are finding inspiration in ourdelta and drizzle. 	simile timeline for, um, timelines timeline is a simile project that uses exhibit json (which you can create with babel). 	longwell rdf browser longwell mixes the flexibility of the rdf data model with the effectiveness of the faceted browsing ui paradigm and enables you to visualize and browse any arbitrarely complex rdf dataset, allowing you to build a user-friendly web site out of your data within minutes and without requiring any code at all. demos 	another approach to web forms just saw a cool demo of xforms and orbeon forms. 	wordpress for zach’s web programming class zach is apparently too lazy to prep his own lectures for the last few days of his intro to web programming class. after bringing his students from zero to database-backed web-apps, he asked matt do javascript and me to introduce wordpress as an application platform. the wordpress api makes it easy to write plugins that modify wordpress’ behavior with filters and action hooks. additionally, shortcodes allow you to put small bbcode-like tokens in your wordpress posts and pages that are replaced with by functionality defined in your plugins. 	real data architecture: stockholm data cave need a retro-looking bomb shelter for your server, or are you a big fan of the cheyenne mountain scenes in wargames? the bahnhof pionen white mountains hosting facility is a cave below stockholm. you’d expect the sysadmin blogs to call it fit for a james bond villain, but even the architecture blogs are a gaga. trendhunter compares it to the rfm fm radio headquarters (poland) and john lautner‘s chemosphere house (los angeles). 	lens lust digital photography review’s look of sigma’s mm f/ . has me drooling. i have an el cheapo mm f/ . and am looking to upgrade. at $ , canon’s mm f/ . is just way too expensive, but their mm f/ . just didn’t seem to be enough of a upgrade to be worth the price. sigma’s new lens, seems to do it. i stumbled into that lens, however, as i was looking up canon’s ef mm f/ . 	derailed eu-jin ooi‘s picture of rail trucks piled up after a derailment isn’t nearly as scary as this derailment found at dee’s inbox: can anybody name that incident? (the top one is bnsf, barstow ca, april . what’s the bottom one?) 	piano man light-paint piano player from ryan cashman on vimeo. 	mobile safari advanced features if you’re already building web apps, you might wonder why you should bother to build an iphone native app. the short answer is that you might not need to, but you should still optimize the app for iphones. native-looking chrome set these in the head: ``` // set a custom icon for when a user bookmarks the app to the home screen // hide the browser chrome //set the phone status bar style; can be grey, black, or black translucent &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;/div&gt; caveats: * only works for web pages that have been saved to the home screen and opened from there. 	iphone dev camp nyc i’m at apple’s iphone tech talk in new york today. info is flowing like water through a firehose, so i’m not going to attempt live blogging, but here are their suggested ingredients for a successful iphone app: delightful innovative designed integrated optimized connected localized the picture is of the main theater for the event. it’s by far the most beautiful space i’ve ever been in for a tech conference. 	peephole diy fisheye lens flickr blog i discovered the peephole fish eye group. the idea is simple: us a $ door peephole to give your camera a fisheye lens. here are the instructions: hold peephole against rim of camera lens. set camera to “macro”. (the image is actually displayed on the inside face of the convex lens of the peephole. the camera must focus on the foreground image rather than the background image.) zoom in to the point that the viewable “circle” is framed almost evenly. 	i am talking to you after stuffing yourself with too much thanksgiving dinner and the tryptothan kicks in, there’s some time when all conversations seem to work like this one from martin wilson. 	a dc story one sunny day in january, an old man approached the white house from across pennsylvania avenue, where he’d been sitting on a park bench. he spoke to the u.s. marine standing guard and said, “i would like to go in and meet with president bush.” the marine looked at the man and said, “sir, mr. bush is no longer president and no longer resides here.” the old man said “okay”, and walked away. 	after the thanksgiving feast: answer who owns the fish you can only eat so much, and though we’ll likely stretch those limits tomorrow, at some point we all have to take a break. the good folks at coudal partners have the perfect solution: a simple test (available as a convenient pdf) that einstein says only a handful of people can actually figure out. the premise is simple: somebody in the neighborhood keeps a fish, but who? read the clues, work it out, and send your answer to the coudal folks. if you’re right they might have a prize for you. you can leave your answer in the comments here too, but all i’ll have for you is left over turkey. 	amazon’s content delivery network launches in beta amazon calls it cloudfront, and it costs $ . – $ . per gb at the lowest usage tiers. it seems that you simply put your files in an s container, make an api call to share them, then let your users enjoy the lower-latency, higher performance service. their domestic locations include sites in virginia, texas, california, florida, new jersey, washington, and missouri. internationally, they’ve got amsterdam, dublin, frankfurt, london, hong kong, and tokyo covered. 	web search re-imagined: searchme iphone app re-imagined a bit, anyway. why browse a vertical list of results when you can flip through them like pages in a book (or album covers in itunes). searchme on the iphone and ipod touch does just that. as you type your search term, icons representing rough categories appear, allowing you to target your search and helping people who’re searching for information about pythons the snake avoid results about the programming language. 	video drm hammering legal consumers nobody but the studios seem happy about apple’s implementation of hdcp on its recent laptops. the situation leaves people who legally purchased movies unable to play them on external displays (yeah, that means you can’t watch movies on the video projector you borrowed from the office). a related story may reveal the extent of the problem. the mpaa is petitioning the fcc to allow it to use “selective output control” to block playback of video content in a manner similar to hdcp. 	sco vs. novell lawsuit over, linux safe according to groklaw, the long running battle between sco and novell may finally be over. the judge ruled that sco, the company that claimed linux infringed on it’s ip and sued everybody in sight, never did own any rights to unix in the first place, and has ordered the company to pay millions. novell and others are unlikely to ever see much of that, though, as sco is in bankruptcy. 	toshiba takes bullet time up a notch supposedly this is more real than it looks. see how it was made. 	the uss albacore, portsmouth nh the albacore is a post world war ii experimental submarine now on display in portsmouth nh. seeing the sub on land, some height above sea level, is a bit surprising, and it’s clear that moving it there was no small task. five dollars will get you inside the sub’s tight and awkward quarters, where you’ll see the frankensteinian bathroom (and that’s for officers) and details such as lithium hydroxide canisters and signal ejector instructions that stand as reminders of the dangers of submarining. 	nest: the softer side of maisonbisson sandee’s not such a fan of the new theme here at maisonbisson. without really telling me that i should have discussed the new decor with her before making any big decisions, she does say she feels it doesn’t suit her style. there are lots of ways to resolve the, um, difference of opinion, but we decided that just as sandee gets most of the authority regarding the kitchen and i get the office, we can find a way to share the website. 	lincoln obama paste up mashup enrguerrero‘s photo of a lincoln/obama paste up mashup on the corner of larkin and myrtle streets in san francisco. 	fiddling with open source software for libraries theme i generally liked commentpress, but when the institute for the future of the book website went down recently, it started throwing errors in the dashboard. so i decided to re-do the open source software for libraries website using derek powazek’s depo masthead. i think it’s a beautifully readable theme, and i only had to make a few modifications. i’ve ostensibly lost commentpress’ paragraph-level commenting features, but i discovered those may have been broken all along (that was what started me thinking about replacing the theme). 	obama’s use of complete sentences stirs controversy from the borowitz report: in the first two weeks since the election, president-elect barack obama has broken with a tradition established over the past eight years through his controversial use of complete sentences, political observers say. “every time obama opens his mouth, his subjects and verbs are in agreement,” says mr. logsdon. “if he keeps it up, he is running the risk of sounding like an elitist.” more… 	mcgill university powered by wordpress well, not the entire university, i guess, but a number of online publications use it. the newspaper is featured above, their cio has a blog, and they’ve started a pilot with wpmu to offer blogging to everybody in the university. 	abandoned cars, yes, but abandoned jumbo jets? residents of mumbai (bombay) were wondering who was responsible for removing an abandoned in their chembur neighborhood. then, as quickly and mysteriously as it appeared, it vanished. the times of india says the plane arrived by truck, but the driver took a wrong turn and couldn’t maneuver the foot long hulk out. wingless planes and beached whales aren’t so dissimilar. the oregon highway department knows how to take care of the latter (though, it turns out that whales are known to spontaneously self destruct). 	tricky uses of bsuite after writing the project page for wpsms i didn’t have much more to say in a blog post announcing it. the cool thing about writing pages in wordpress is that i can create a taxonomy like /projects/wpsms/ to place them in. the downside is that new pages never appear in the rss feed. so i need both the page and a blog post to announce it. i could have simply copied the content from the wpsms page into a blog post, but that creates confusion and splits the audience between the two pages. 	wordpress uses: oobject oobject‘s galleries of abandoned pools, subway architecture, and revolting gold gadgets, among others, are all built in wordpress. 	using wordpress with external smtp server i really don’t like having sendmail running on a webserver, but some features of wordpress just don’t work if it can’t send email (user registration, for example). still, wordpress offers support to send email through external smtp servers instead if a local mailer. in &lt;a href=&quot;http://trac.wordpress.org/browser/tags/ . . /wp-includes/pluggable.php&quot;&gt;/wp-includes/pluggable.php&lt;/a&gt; around line , change ``` $phpmailer-ismail(); ``` to ``` $phpmailer-issmtp(); ``` then, in &lt;a title=&quot;/tags/ . 	a day in the life… dgenerate nation – skate with me from dgenetics on vimeo. 	whisky and gin dispenser gaellery‘s hotel room whisky and gin dispenser. push in the drawer, pull out, and find a tiny bottle of booze. just like those movies you claim you didn’t watch, it’s automatically charged to your bill. 	uploading .docx files in wordpress it may be a sign that none of the core wordpress developers much likes or uses microsoft office, but the core code hasn’t been updated to recognize the office file extensions like .docx, .pptx, or .xlsx. it’s no criticism, wouldn’t have discovered it if a user hadn’t complained, and i stewed a bit before deciding it was a bug. it’s now ticket # in the wordpress.org trac. it only affects my mu users now, though, and the same patch works there. 	world usability day today the usability professionals’ association says “a cell phone should be as easy to access as a doorknob.” and since they’ve been organizing world usability day to help make that happen. locally the upa boston chapter is holding events at the boston museum of science (in cambridge, actually) that explore the clues we use to understand how to operate doors and the frustrations of setting an alarm clock. this year’s theme is transportation, and they have an online transportation survey that helps us see our “transportation footprint and learn how small travel changes can make a big impact on all our lives. 	google brings video to gtalk, but why no ichat/skype interoperability? google yesterday introduced video chat to the web-based version of it’s google talk app (think gmail), but doesn’t appear to interoperate with any of the many existing video chat apps, ichat and skype tops among them. 	getting a teflon fix teflon might be just what i need to get my walking desk treadmill back in working order. but where to get it? turns out that dupont sells in both teflon spray and squeeze bottle. found via. 	the animated llama you didn’t know you needed click for more. i dare you. 	wordpress education mail list wp-edu, the wordpress for education mail list has launched. join up, catch up on the archives, and set it up at your school. 	new plugin: wpsms supports sending sms messages [include post_id=” ″ field=”post_content”] 	poke a muffin click for more. i dare you. 	a bullet dodged we all knew the sordid details of palin’s candidacy would emerge, but who figured they pour out so soon or on fox news? via borkweb.com 	declaration of metadata independance declaration of metadata independance: we hold these truths to be self-evident, that metadata is essential to all users, and that the creation of metadata endows certain inalienable rights, that among these are the right to collect, the right to share and the pursuit of happiness through the reuse of the metadata… (read more) via. 	svn repository hooks rock i stumbled on them by accident, but once i discovered subversion supports action hooks that can fire before or after a transaction, i knew exactly what to do with them. 	presidents change…presidential limousines change presidential limos are armored, yes, but gregg merksamer reveals that george w. bush’s limos sport five-inch thick glass, more than twice as thick as in clinton’s limo. merksamer should know, he wrote the book on so-called “professional cars”. he says half an inch is enough to stop a . magnum at point blank range, and bmw’s x “security” model features only a little more than that. so what’s it mean when a person needs ten times that amount? 	mccain staffers: more whisky. stat! john mccain’s election team apparently told staff at the phoenix biltmore to have extra whisky on hand for their election party tonight. they’re not just planning to drown their sorrows: republicans and republican-leaning independents drink more whisky than the national average. sweet photo by bearfaced, though i almost used this picture of barrels (or this one). 	techno viking rocks more than other vikings (and vikings generally rock) the technoviking will have you scratching your head for the first seconds, then rofling for a while. not enough yet? watch him dance to “it’s a piece of cake to bake a pretty cake.” this one claims to be the original, and though the sound is bad the video quality is much better than the others. thing is, now that you’ve watched it a couple times, did he stop a pickpocket or admonish a groper at the beginning? 	wikipedia api? i’ve wanted a wikipedia api for a while. now i might’ve stumbled into one: commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php. it doesn’t do exactly what i want, but it might yet be useful. 	engrave your tech the image on this moleskine notebook was custom laser engraved by engraveyourbook.com, a part of engraveyourtech.com, where they recently announced they were suspending moleskine engraving due to atmospheric health concerns. you can’t get a notebook, but you can ogle the fancy, laser engraved macbooks 	creative commons licenses not compatible with gpl? gpl and cc are incompatible? fsf says so, and the debian free software guidelines agree. i’m as opposed to ruinous compromises as the next guy, and i feel the gpl fever, but i just want to use mark james‘ excellent silk icons in my gpl’d wordpress plugin. 	csshttprequest: cross domain javascript solution who’d a thunk it: csshttprequest is a way of doing cross-domain ajax by using css’ @import method to fetch the data. 	super mario quilt keith lewis bakes, paints, makes robots with machine guns, and has stitched not one but two mario quilts (closeup, from back). they apparently make good gifts, who wouldn’t want one? 	diagramed: things said during sex view it large, for all the details. via anonymous. 	asian robot olympics news of brickcon the web and the flickr earlier this month, but mse ’s photos of robot competition have my attention now. but what am i looking at? what was the competition? 	steve souders website performance o’reilly webcast i’ve linked to steve sauders‘ webcasts on website performance optimization before. here’s another. turns out that he’s co-chairing the o’reilly velocity conference in june. 	apache virtual hosting black magic i’ve configured apache for virtual hosting on more sites than i can count, but i’ve always just kind of stumbled through until now. what’s changed? the apache . documentation is worlds better than the old . docs (even though the old docs rank highest in google). so here they are: name-based virtual hosts, plus virtual host configuration examples (including an example mixed name and ip virtual hosting, which is what i needed), and some tips on dynamically configured mass virtual hosting. 	sarah palin is a vampire i think this election has designers more involved than most. (via dottiebobottie.) 	determining paths and urls in wordpress . + wp . allows sites to move the wp-content directory around, so plugin developers like me can’t depend on them being in a predictable location. we can look to the wp_content_dir and wp_plugin_dir constants for answers, but a better solution is likely to use the x_url() functions. the most useful of those is likely to be plugins_url(). even better, you can give these functions a relative path and they’ll return a fully qualified url to the item. 	xfruits: “compose your information system” is xfruits a worthy replacement for yahoo! pipes? 	wordpress bug: duplicate post_meta entries i just submitted a trac ticket about this: the update_post_meta() and delete_post_meta() functions don’t know how to deal with post revision ids. add_post_meta() does, it uses the following block of code to make sure the passed $post_id is a real post, not a revision: ``` if ( $the_post = wp_is_post_revision($post_id) ) $post_id = $the_post; ``` this is important because the global $post_id when a post is being saved is for the revision, not the real post. 	are you ready for the digital tv conversion? this psa should help you understand the upcoming switch to digital television. (via) 	comfort, thy name is sumo i sink into a strange, giant blue marshmallow and sigh contentedly. i balked at this new furniture. i balk at anything that i don’t actually pick out. i didn’t pick this out, casey acquired it on his own. our home is small and i am very picky about what goes into it. this was a beanbag. a beanbag? i can’t think of a more immature piece of furniture. 	libraries vs. it departments the chronicle‘s tech therapy podcast last week featured libraries vs. it departments. (via.) 	xkcd against drm i think richard m. stallman would agree with xkcd: drm is evil. it’s bad for both customers and content creators — even hilary rosen and steve jobs have their doubts about it. 	got wood? you can get a carved wood replica macintosh or faux-wood vinyl wrap for your mac mini, but asus is demoing a series of bamboo-covered computers and fujitsu is showing their cedar concept. and then miniot has a series of wooden cases for your iphone and ipod touch. 	olde skool ipod cases contexture design‘s ipod classic and nano cases made of reclaimed rpm vinyl or audio cassettes are just fine. too bad they’re all sold out. 	edward tufte on the iphone’s ui design edward “to clarify add detail” tufte, who criticizes the powerpointing of america, earlier this year posted a video on the iphone’s ui design. he loves the photo viewer (except the grid-lines between images are too big), he loves the web browser (except the navigation bar takes up too much space), he calls the weather app an elegant way to demo your iphone to friends (but says it’s devoid of information), and calls the stock market app cartoonish. 	how wikipedia works when phoebe ayers isn’t hanging out at roflcon she’s probably doing something related to wikipedia, so i’m looking forward to reading how wikipedia works: and how you can be a part of it. extra points: phoebe and her co-authors somehow convinced their publisher to release the entire work under the gfdl, the same license wikipedia uses. you could read the entire thing online for free, but that’s the easy part. 	beat it: instant rimshot scott carver has his hand in a number of projects — the penny jam is especially outstanding — but his instant rimshot is one of those silly infectious sites that’s you can’t help but share. 	another reason i’m glad i left verizon i received the following message from clickatell, the sms gateway provider i use to programmatically send text messages to cell phones: please be advised that us carrier verizon wireless has announced that they will be charging an additional c per sms for all application originated mobile terminated messaging beginning november , . this increase will apply to standard rate and premium programs only through the verizon wireless network. transaction fees will not apply to free- -end-user, mobile giving or non-profit organizational programs, according to verizon. 	wordpress event calendaring plugins i actually use event calendar, which has been abandoned for some time. looking at the alternatives listed in the plugin directory, calendar, events calendar, and gigs calendar add full calendar management features to wordpress. while ics calendar, ical events, and upcoming events, simply offer the ability to display calendar data from elsewhere. what i liked about the old event calendar plugin is how events were posts. creating an event started with creating a new post. 	converting mysql character sets this gentoo wiki page suggests dumping the table and using iconv to convert the characters, then insert the dump into a new table with the new charset. alex king solved a different problem: his apps were talking utf , but his tables were latin . his solution was to dump the tables, change the charset info in the dump file, then re-insert the contents. 	tracking aircraft movements from justin: real-time flight tracking. you can even overlay it on google earth. none of them as pretty as aaron koblin’s flightplan, though. 	acronym overload: iis + isapi + cas i’m working to integrate an application on a remote-hosted iis server into our cas environment. casisapi (svn trunk or svn tags/production) may do the trick, though phil sladen struggled with it (in ). there’s reason to doubt it. not only is the sparse information all old, i first learned about it from a page full of broken links and the apparent author recommends against it. there’s a little more information here for those who can read danish. 	sarah palin’s debate strategy flowchart via jon link: sarah palin’s debate strategy flowchart. eh. at least she had a strategy. what’s mccain’s plan going to be for tonight? 	autoerotica, detailed photos of the silver suv apparently backed out into the street so fast that it struck and flipped the blue car, then mounted it. nobody appears to have been seriously hurt, so we all have a guilt-free pass to mock the, um, compromising situation. found in paula wirth‘s photo stream. 	demetri martin flips his chart you’ll find more than a few of demetri martin‘s (his site) videos on the web (one, two, quotes). though i think he’s particularly good at powerpoint comedy and this flipchart thing, you’d think he doesn’t like to do interviews. 	solaris’ cachefs could be the space ship i’ve been looking for joerg moellenkamp‘s post explaining cachefs has me excited: long ago, admins didn’t want to manage dozens of operating system installations. instead of this they wanted to store all this data on a central fileserver (you know, the network is the computer). thus netbooting solaris and sunos was invented. but there was a problem: all the users started to work at o’clock. they switched on their workstations and the load on the fileserver and the network got higher and higher. 	this stone laid by l.g. bogus physically located in katoomba; found in seb chan‘s photo stream. 	do wordpress pages better with bsuite wordpress‘ pages feature makes the popular blogging platform a sophisticated cms. bsuite adds a few features to make it even better. write excerpts, tag, and categorize your pages wordpress excerpts are an underused but powerful feature that allow you to explain to your readers why they should read the page you wrote. tagging and categorization of pages help improve the findability of those pages, especially in search engines. 	what is social media? social media in plain english and rss in plain english, among others from common craft among the best explanations you’ll find. 	knowledge, distilled and sketched on index cards maslow without the pyramid, found at jessica hagy’s “indexed”. she posts new explanations of the world daily. more available in her book. 	website performance vs. crawl rate simple fact of the google economy: people can’t find stuff if it’s not indexed in major search engines. a slow site might not seem as bad as blocking the crawlers that search engines use to index your content, but it does seriously affect the depth and frequency of crawling they do. the above is google’s report of their crawling activity on a site i’ve been trying to optimize server performance on. 	beginner’s guide to dataportability, the video dataportability – connect, control, share, remix from smashcut on vimeo. from dataportability.org: the dataportability project is a group created to promote the idea that individuals have control over their data by determing how they can use it and who can use it. this includes access to data that is under the control of another entity. you should be able to decide what you do with that data and how it gets used by others open source solutions are preferred to closed source proprietary solutions bottom-up distributed solutions are preferred to top down centralized solutions 	my devcamp lightning talk hi, i’m casey. i developed scriblio, which is really just a faceted search and browse plugin for wordpress that allows you to use it as a library catalog or digital library system (or both). i’m not the only one to misuse wordpress that way. viddler is a cool youtube competitor built atop wordpress that allows you to tag and comment inside the timeline. staypress is a property management and booking system also built atop wordpress. 	scaling php this two year old post about rasmus lerdorf’s php scaling tips (slides) is interesting in the context of what we’ve learned since then. apc now seems common, and it’s supposedly built-in to php . still, i’d be interested in seeing an update. are mysql prepared statements still slow? and that’s where rasmus’ latest presentation comes in. we don’t learn anything about mysql prepared statements, but we do learn how to find choke points in our applications using callgrind and other tools. 	scared of the dark? who knew an ad that targeted our fear of the dark could work so well or playfully? then again, what would this ad feature if it played here in the us? 	do you still use your walking desk? michael pratt asked me recently: do you still use your treadmill desk? do you continue to find it beneficial? i love the idea of these things, but worry a little that i might tire of it in practice, or that it might be difficult to work at it for long periods. it may seem a perfect opportunity to revisit my old walking desk blog post, but that just raises the guilt level i feel every time i see the thing unused. 	sweet business cards this handful of business cards is good for a little design inspiration. and here’s more if you need an extra shot. thanks to frank for the tip. 	amazon to offer content delivery services via an email from the amazon web services group today: …we are excited to share some early details with you about a new offering we have under development here at aws — a content delivery service. this new service will provide you a high performance method of distributing content to end users, giving your customers low latency and high data transfer rates when they access your objects. the initial release will help developers and businesses who need to deliver popular, publicly readable content over http connections. 	the url is the citation from jessamyn: “don’t toss up a bunch of bibliographic citations when a decent url will do. you’re online, act like you’re online.” 	yet another encryption crack those kwazy kids will quack anything now. stream ciphers may never have been expected to be that secure, but adi shamir’s cube attack breaks them like so many, um, bits of data. 	michael pick screencast master professional screencast producer michael pick has joined automattic and shuttered smashcut, his production company. it’s not all bad, though. he’s been busy making instructional videos for wordpress.com (many of which are useful for wordpress.org users), explaining things like how to manage tags or use the press this! feature, and answering the question “what should i do first?” what does this suggest about the pro screencasting marketplace? pick says “this is a huge underdeveloped niche, [with fewer] screencasters with chops than there are jobs. 	google minus google from the register: inspired by a recent new york times piece that questioned whether the mountain view search monopoly is morphing into a media company — which it is — finnish blogger timo paloheimo promptly unveiled google minus google. key in the word “youtube,” and the first result is wikipedia. 	open source citation extractors for non-structured data hmm-citation-extractor, parscit and freecite (not to be confused with freecite, the f/oss endnote-like app). freecite is available as a service and a download. still, wouldn’t a simple url be easier than all these unstructured citation formats? 	installing php apc on rhel/centos yum up some packages: ``` yum install php-pear php-devel httpd-devel &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;/div&gt; . install apc using pear (the pear installer is smarter than the pecl installer): when the installer asks about apxs, say ‘no’. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;wp_syntax&quot;&gt; &lt;table&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class=&quot;code&quot;&gt; ``` pear install pecl/apc &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;/div&gt; tell php to load apc: ``` echo extension=apc. 	some might suggest banning sticky notes from the office eepybird’s sticky note experiment from eepybird on vimeo. i have some experience with post-it notes in the office, and though that achieved international recognition, it doesn’t quite compare to what we see in this video. our , post-it notes just don’t compare the , we see slinking across the screen now. 	web form validation with jquery josh bush’s masked input plugin and paulo p. marinas’ alphanumeric are both jquery plugins to prevent input of invalid data in web forms. 	greensql | open source database security greensql promises to protect sql databases against sql injections. greensql works as a reverse proxy and has built in support for mysql. the logic is based on evaluation of sql commands using a risk scoring matrix as well as blocking known db administrative commands (drop, create, etc). 	css transformations in safari/webkit (and chrome too?) the cool browsers support radius corners, but safari supports css transformations that allow developers to scale, skew, and rotate objects on the page like we’re used to doing in postscript. and better than that, we can animate those transformations over time — all without any javascript. fire up safari or chrome and mouse over the examples here. the screencast at the top is from the menu on that page. there are, obviously, better uses for these transforms, but it’s easy to see it at work there. 	browser-based json editors jsonlint, a json validator, was the tool i needed a while ago to be able to play with json as format for exchanging data in some apis i was working on a while ago. and now i like json well enough that i’m thinking of using it as an internal data format in one of my applications, especially because it’s relatively easy to work with in javascript. or, at least that’s the promise. 	nfl powered by wordpress wordpress.com vip hosts some high-traffic sites, including gizmodo’s live coverage of the iphone g introduction. now that the nfl has selected the service for their blogging we’ll get a chance to see how they handle the superbowl rush. 	michael stephens teaching on wordpress mu michael stephens is now using wordpress mu to host his classes online, and that opening page is really sweet. it’s hardly the first time somebody’s used a blog to host course content, but i like where he’s going with it. we’re significantly expanding our use of wordpress at plymouth, and using it to replace webct/blackboard is definitely an option. the biggest difference may be that course content in blogs is public, by default, but content in blackboard is shared only with the members of the course. 	google’s own satellite it’s not truly “google’s own,” but the internet giant will get exclusive use of the images for mapping purposes, according to reuters: geoeye inc said it successfully launched into space on saturday its new geoeye- satellite, which will provide the u.s. government, google earth users and others the highest-resolution commercial color satellite imagery on the market. of course, google doesn’t need a satellite to watch us all very closely. 	thesis and f — two sweet commercial wordpress themes good work deserves compensation, but commercial themes are still unusual in the world of wordpress. the new themes directory has well over free themes listed, and the old directory had thousands of them. still, i like thesis and f . actually, i like a bunch of themes from graph paper press (get them all for $ !). and, as we see wordpress adding so many options that require theme support, the promise of free lifetime upgrades for thesis is also appealing. 	installing memcached on centos/rhel using info from centos forums, sunny walia and ryan boren, here’s how i got memcached running on my dotster vps: install libevent: ``` wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent- . e.tar.gz tar zxvf libevent- . e.tar.gz cd libevent- . e ./configure make make install ``` install memcached ``` wget http://danga.com: /memcached/dist/memcached- . . .tar.gz tar zxvf memcached- . . .tar.gz cd memcached- . . ./configure make make install ``` we will start the server to use megs of ram (-m ), listen on ip . 	want: canon’s eos d news of canon’s new eos d with iso sensitivity as high as , has my mouth watering. i used to push my black and white film so much that development times were as long as minutes (i bought super cheap asa and pushed it to ) just so i could get decent natural light. i leave my canon digital rebel set for and usually only remember to knock it back when i go outside and find i can’t shoot wide open. 	axiotron modbook: cool, but bad timing? the axiotron modbook is cool, i gotta admit, but with so many rumors of a macbook touch due this fall, i suspect that potential buyers might be holding their breath. but, on the other hand, those people have been waiting for a mac tablet since jobs killed the newton, and rumors of a tablet are hardly unusual — see , , , , , , . still, the whispers of an over-grown iphone device are getting a lot of echos lately. 	jon stewart vs. gop/sarah palin media machine 	dragonflyer x uav remote control helicopter is sneaky, awesome i so want one of these sweet draganflyer x helicopters. the two pound powerhouse can carry up to one pound of camera equipment, carrying it smooth enough to get decent video and stills. more videos are at the dragonfly website, including one which supposedly demonstrates that it’s quiet enough for wildlife photo work (scroll down and look for “hawk”). who knows how much it costs, but i requested a quote. 	automated website screen captures on os x i’m not sure exactly what i’ll do with it, but thanks to this tip about webkit png, i now know how to get screen captures of websites. maybe useful for archiving. who knows. 	wordpress cas integration plugin cas — central authentication service — has no logo, but it’s still cool. heterogeneous environments like mine offer hundreds of different online services or applications that each need to authenticate the user. instead of throwing our passwords around like confetti, cas allows those applications to identify their users based on session information managed by the cas service. it also obviates the need for users to offer their credentials to potentially untrusted systems — think externally hosted systems. 	bush trying to figure out how to invite volleyball team to white house sure, volleyball is the new gymnastics, so much so that the white house posted a picture of bush with olympians misty may-treanor and kerri walsh in their “news &amp; policy” section. chalk it up to august being a slow news month. still, i can just imagine the old man telling laura “i think you should invite those volleyball girls to the house sometime.” and laura, i hope, responds: “you can watch them shake it on tv if you need another look. 	joshua longo’s longoland is full of fuzzy, but not cuddly animals brooklynite joshua longo‘s crazy animals are showing at the shelburne museum in vermont through october th. sweet for me: i’ll be in town this weekend. i’m hoping to check it out. 	are rock operas too weird for remixing? i love remixes, mashups, and covers. i love it when bad songs get good covers, i love it more when it’s a bad cover. i’m a fan of coverville and i get excited every time i find yet another version of smells like teen spirit (hey, this is just a sampling: lullaby version, patti smith, the bad plus, another jazz version, and another jazz version, a string version, no, two string versions, a tango, a damn chant version, some lounge thing, and one for the opium lounge). but i think i have yet to hear a decent cover or remix of a track from a rock opera. take one night in bangkok: sexing it up doesn’t help. you just can’t out rock a rock opera. (really, look for yourself.) it might help that chess featured a character loosely based on eccentric chess master bobby fischer, but rock operas just might be too weird for remixing. though…i’d like to be surprised. perhaps a folk version? 	can design save democracy? from the new york times: how design can save democracy …recently, the brennan center for justice at new york university school of law issued a report outlining the importance of well-designed, easy to understand ballots. duh. and, i guess we’re giving up on electronic voting. 	 . million self-hosted wordpress sites and counting the huge problem with open source software is that there are no sales numbers to show how many people are using it. we know that wordpress.com hosts over three million blogs. we know edublogs powers nearly , . but how many sites are hosted using the original, downloadable, self-installed and managed version of wordpress? now, the automatic update notification system in wordpress gives answers to that question and others. most hugely: over . 	sweet drobo home raid i’m not sure who robin harris is, but he’s mighty sure home raid won’t fly. he’s just so certain that consumers are stupider than him and that vendors’ imaginations are as limited as his. and if harris was right, we’d probably still be using microprocessors and getting by on less than a megabyte of ram, because “nobody needs more than k.” too bad then that data robotics‘s drobo seems to do everything harris says home raid can’t. 	olpc origins: us and taiwan’s hardware lovechild olpc origins: us and taiwan’s hardware lovechild a deeper than expected history of the olpc’s development. part two of a three part series. 	ssd for my bacbook pro? sure, we can get a macbook air with gb solid state disk (ssd), but what about upgrading a macbook pro? ryan block put one in his mbp and got a second startup. ridata released a gb . “ sata ssd in january that looks compatible with my macbook pro. newegg has it for under $ . for comparison, however, a gb . ” spinning platter sata drive can be had for under $ . 	more web performance tips from steve souders hearing steve souders at wordcamp last week got me thinking about website performance, so i went looking for more. the slides from his wordcamp talk are online, but he gave a similar talk at google i/o which got videotaped and posted richer detail than his slides alone will ever reveal. also on his blog: use the google ajax libraries api when you don’t have a cdn, and a post that asks why make users wait to download all your javascript before they see the page if you’re only going to use % of it at first? 	commentpress comments the rights to my library technology report on open-source software for libraries have reverted back to me, so i’m posting the text online under a cc-by-sa license. more importantly, i’m using it as an opportunity to play with how longer-than-blog texts can be represented online. the institute for the future of the book has spent some time thinking about that very question, and their answer is commentpress, a theme for wordpress that enables commenting on each paragraph of a text and organizes posts into a book-like table of contents with the first (and oldest) posts on top. 	mysql performance monitoring tips from the mysql newsletter google turned this up, but i have no idea how old it is: how to monitor mysql’s performance. 	the war on photography amanda mooney posted a note about being told she needed corporate permission to take a picture in a store. mooney’s interest was in telling others how much she likes the products and the brand — exactly the sort of word of mouth advertising most brands are anxious for, but imagine some more pedestrian uses: what about the customer who wants a friend’s opinion about a new skirt? can that customer snap a cell phone pic to send? 	global voices on wordpress i hadn’t heard of global voices online, a community generated global group news blog, until jeremy clarke spoke of it at wordcamp. and i didn’t think the site, with it’s do-good premise, worked until i actually explored it for a while. but, well, it’s a bit fascinating. global voices grew out of a one-day conference in december at harvard law school which brought together bloggers from around the world to discuss ways in which the new medium could foment global dialogue at the grassroots level. 	quercus php to java compiler vs. wordpress emil ong is the chief evangelist and a lead developer for caucho technology, the developers of the quercus php to java compiler. the idea, i guess, is to write in php, deploy in java, which some people say is better supported by the “enterprise.” ong claims % performance improvement over apache + mod_php + apc. that sounds great, i suppose, but it’s less than what chris lea suggests is possible if you simply replace apache with nginx. 	chris lea on nginx and wordpress “apache is like microsoft word, it has a million options but you only need six. nginx does those six things, and it does five of them times faster than apache.” —chris lea. why? no forking. no loading of unnecessary components. fast cgi. and to prove it’s not as complex as you might think, he’s installing it live. the session has eight minutes left, can he do it? yes, he did. 	mark jaquith on wordpress security for plugin developers i’ve been pretty aware of the risks of sql injection and am militant about keeping my database interactions clean. mark jaquith today reminded me about the need to make sure my browser output is filtered through clean_url(), sanitize_url(), and attribute_escape(). furthermore, we all need to remember current_user_can(), check_admin_referer(), and nonces. 	steve souders on website performance steve souders: % of the problem is server performance, % of problem is browser activity after the main html is downloaded. he wrote the book and developed yslow, so he should know. javascripts are downloaded serially and block other activity. most javascript functions aren’t used at onload. we could split the js and only load essential functions up front, and load all the rest later. how much might that help? he says % to %. 	will norris on oauth and diso will norris talking about things oauth, openid, and diso at wordcamp. demonstrates/fakes an oauth authentication and authorization process with wordpress for iphone app. does this matter? oauth support is slated for wp . , and people are finally getting smart about linking all this stuff without throwing passwords around “like confetti.” 	aaron brazell on blog search and findability aaron brazell at wordcamp is talking about search and finability “not seo.” riffing on ambient findability, he asks: can people find your blog? can people find their way around your blog? can people find your content and services despite your blog? remember: your blog serves as a nexus for information about you. you serve as the nexus for trust and relevance. going further? make your social content outside your blog searchable, findable via your blog. 	johnny cash’ hurt not every song johnny cash has covered turned to gold (see personal jesus), but hurt is magic. 	copying mysql usernames and database priveleges now that i’m the nominal mysql dba for psu, it became my job to jimmy up the mysql user privileges so that the new web server could connect. i’m not sure if this is the fastest, most efficient way to do it, but it worked quickly enough: ``` create table mysql.user_copy select * from mysql.user; delete from mysql.user_copy where host not like 'old_host_name'; update mysql.user_copy set host = 'new_host_name'; insert into mysql. 	wordpress performance tips elliott c. back points to his use of object caching, wp-cache, and mysql query caching among the reasons why his site “is so much faster that yours.” 	the iphone apps i’ve kept catherine asked me what iphone apps i recommend, so i went looking. exposure, wordpress, and google mobile app are on the first page of my home screen. mocha vnc and band are buried a little deeper, but deserve mention. i’m surprised to say that loopt and whrrl disappointed me. ipint was good for one laugh, but it appears to be gone from the store already. morocco, a decent copy of othello/reversi is the only the game that’s still on my phone. 	lyceum vs. wordpress mu the news about buddypress has fully shifted my attention from single-blog wordpress installs to multi-user, multi-blog installs. wordpress mu is my platform of choice, but i was quite fond of lyceum when i first learned of it a while ago. the big perceived advantage of lyceum is that it uses a unified table structure for all blogs, rather than creating a new set of tables for each blog as wpmu does. 	most expensive iphone app yet? armin heinrich‘s $ i am rich iphone app is no longer available on apple’s app store. perhaps they felt too ridiculed by the register to keep it listed? heinrich says seven people bought it, two by mistake. so, now what’s the most expensive app? 	oauth and wordpress i just realized oauth support is slated for inclusion in wordpress . . it’s not in trunk yet, but that’s no reason not to get up to speed. scott gilbertson says oauth and openid are foundations to the open social web, giving apps like wordpress a “secure, centralized means of identifying yourself and a way to control who knows what about you.” chris messina, who says we currently treat user credentials “like confetti,” is more than a little excited and is building a series of wordpress plugins to take advantage of these formats. 	is my php script running out of memory? i’ve got a php script that sometimes just dies with no errors to the browser and no messages in the error log. i’ve seen this in the past with scripts that consumed too much memory (yeah, it should have issued an error, but it didn’t, and increasing the memory limit fixed it), but now the memory limit is set pretty high and i’m not sure i want to increase it further. 	macintosh antivirus software setting aside questions about the usefulness of antivirus software for macs, it appears virusbarrier (commercial) and clamxav (open source) are the best options. there are others, of course. added: avast offers a free version for macos x as well. 	drill and burn republicans john mccain thinks fuel efficiency is for sissies. i guess he figures our oil supply is infinite, or that fossile fuel consumption has no effect on climate change. he probably also thinks the holocaust was a hoax — somebody should ask him. for now let’s call him a “drill and burn republican.” 	low-tech hdr: black card mask i’ve been following Ásmundur’s use of multi-exposure hdr for a while, but today i discovered max chu’s use of an older, more crafty technique: black card mask. the photo below show’s Ásmundur’s multiple photo technique, but that above is chu’s. how he do it? apparently it’s about the same as dodging a photo in the dark room: simply block the light with a card or your hand. extra: paul butzi’s thoughts on dodging and burning in the digital age. 	diy fig rig mike figgis‘ fig rig works equally well for guys in sneakers and guys in suits, but they’re not free, which is why you have to love keith lewis’ diy version. pvc is sexy! 	displays: go long, go wide if you want more monitors than you’ve got dvi or vga ports, your options include adding a video card, using a usb-based display, or this matrox hack: a small box plugs into your computer’s monitor port, and two or three monitors plug into the box, no software drivers or additional hardware required. if you want to send a video signal further than your monitor’s cable, your options include getting a longer cable (works up to about ′) or get a different cable. 	everybody’s smarter in glasses eyeglasses certainly add something. at least that’s the suggestion of these ads. and, thinking of comparisons: hitler vs. chaplin. found via mirage.studio. , where they think le corbusier‘s glasses are where it’s at. 	i’m voting republican no, i’m not likely to vote for any republican candidates, but this is funny. from the producers: i’m voting republican is a satirical look at the likely outcome of another four years of republican government. the not-so-subtle message behind the film is the importance of a united bloc of citizens willing to take the time and effort to vote democrat in order to improve america’s domestic and foreign policy. 	podcamp boston is this weekend hey, podcamp boston is this weekend. i can’t go, but sean m. brown will be and he’s looking for librarians to join him. 	web application design book recommendation i’ve learned to ignore contests on the web. banner ads that promise prizes if i click the right pixel are the least offensive, but the contests that have me creating content (and then force me to give up my copyright to it) for another person’s gain infuriate me. so when i saw author and experience architect robert hoekman jr‘s post offering a deal, i quickly skipped to the next entry in my reader. 	wordpress . notes wordpress . is out. it’s cool. take a look: i’m most excited about automatic tracking of changes to posts and pages, but i’ll also probably come to like the “press this” feature: if you click “press this” from a youtube page it’ll magically extract the video embed code, and if you do it from a flickr page it’ll make it easy for you to put the image in your post. 	web development languages david cloutman pointed to craiglist’s job ads as an indicator of programming language popularity. here’s the hit counts for “web design jobs” and “internet engineering jobs” in the bay area: &lt;td&gt; php &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; java &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; ruby &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; python &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; perl &lt;/td&gt; internet engineering jobs &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; web design jobs &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;/td&gt; cloutman has a few ideas for what the numbers mean, but i’m just entertained by the data. 	wordpress . plugin and wp-config.php path changes ozh’s tutorial explains the details, but the short story is that we’ll soon get wp_content_url and wp_content_dir constants. and this is more than just convenience, . allows site admins to put those directories anywhere they want, so the constants will be the only reliable way of finding that info. 	truth have you ever argued with a member of the flat earth society? it’s futile, because fundamentally they don’t car if something is true or false. to them, the measure of truth is how important it makes them feel. if telling the truth makes them feel important, then it’s true. if telling the truth makes them feel ashamed and small, then it’s false. –from louis theroux‘s the call of the weird 	site back online, further downtime expected this site and a number of other projects are hosted on a mac mini that normally sits on my desk. thing is…my desk moved. and, unfortunately, i didn’t confirm the firewall rules for the network in my new office before bringing the machine over. thankfully chris was happy to put the mini on a different vlan, and that solved everything (my other machines remain on the new “secure” network…ugh). in the no too distant future, however, i’ll be moving the site again. 	video game controller family tree sock master did some outstanding work tracing the lineage of video game controllers from to now without missing any of the weirdness in between. 	search trends vs community standards via motherjones: pensacola residents clinton raymond mccowen and kevin patrick stevens, producers of a very nsfw website last week faced a judge in an obscenity and racketeering trial for their work. the interesting thing? the defense planned to use google search trends to demonstrate community standards. “time and time again you’ll have jurors sitting on a jury panel who will condemn material that they routinely consume in private,” said the defense. 	censorship, unpublishing, and new media the actual reasons may never be discovered, but boing boing, the perennially top ten ranked blog, has “unpublished (nsfw)” stories by, about, or mentioning author and sex columnist violet blue (nsfw). much has already been said about the orwellianism of “unpublishing” and how it conflicts with the ethics of the web, as well as the incongruence between these actions and boing boing’s position on web censorship, media manipulation, and revisionism. 	new theme for the past year or so i’ve been wanting to design a non-bloggy theme for this site — a beautiful theme with a magazine-like front page showing the most recent post in a handful of categories. but i’m further from it now than last year, so it’s time to move on. which isn’t to say that i settled for my new theme. it’s based on neo-sapien by small potato. i made it a bit wider, the header a bit shorter, and the image is random-ish (random, but cached). 	wordpress survey tools lorelle and samir both point to a number of plugins to do surveys within wordpress, but neither of them say any of them are that good. and samir is pretty disapointed: “at the end of it all, i never did find my ideal online survey tool.” survey fly is the best recommendation from both of lorelle and samir, but it isn’t wp . compatible and was las updated in summer . it’s also limited to tracking only one survey at a time. 	optimizing inserts/updates on mysql tables when doing a bulk insert/update/change to a mysql table you can temporarily disable index updates like this: ``` alter table $tbl_name disable keys ``` …do stuff… ``` alter table $tbl_name enable keys ``` from the docs: alter table ... disable keys tells mysql to stop updating non-unique indexes. alter table ... enable keys then should be used to re-create missing indexes. 	truemors powered by wordpress in the “they did this with wordpress” category (though from about a year ago, sorry) comes truemors, a digg, del.icio.us, reddit clone from guy kawasaki. calling it a clone might be a backhanded non-compliment, but the truth is that it does a credible job in this increasingly crowded space*. and it’s built on wordpress. the relevant plugins are wp-postratings and share this. electric pulp did the design, and the whole thing apparently went live quickly on a tiny budget. 	kitty porn newton isn’t really a kitten, but he is cute. anyway, i got a new video camera and all i’ve done with it so far is shoot closeups of a cat. is that why i got it? at least it’s not as bad as this. music is jungle struttin’, by the lions. 	 programming vs. today’s computer architecture poul-henning kamp, the guy behind the varnish reverse proxy, talks about programming: it used to be that you had the primary store, and it was anything from acoustic delaylines filled with mercury via small magnetic dougnuts via transistor flip-flops to dynamic ram. and then there were the secondary store, paper tape, magnetic tape, disk drives the size of houses, then the size of washing machines and these days so small that girls get disappointed if think they got hold of something else than the mp player you had in your pocket. 	mysql bug? after an upgrade to mysql . . b on rhel i started seeing curious results in a fairly common query. here’s a simplified version: ``` select id, post_date_gmt from wp_posts group by id order by post_date_gmt desc limit ``` what i expected was to get a handful of post id numbers sorted in descending order by the post_date_gmt. instead, i got a list of post ids sorted in ascending order by the id number. 	huh. i wonder what he thinks about the iphone g? david lynch doesn’t like the iphone. at all. at least not for watching movies. maybe the guy doesn’t take the subway much. 	abandoned malls what is it about abandonment that’s so compelling? from chernobyl and pripyat to mental hospitals to lost theme parks from korea to california, we can’t help but stare at darkly vacant buildings. now add malls to the list. and put south china mall, in dongguan at the top of it. unlike most every other expanse of empty hallways we can name, this one’ been empty since it opened in . 	.shp to mysql gis data seems to come in .shp (shape?) files, but it’s not like mysql knows what to do with those. this mysql forum post points to a php tool and windows executable that promise to convert the .shp data into something more useful to mysql. superfluo explains a little more, and there’s lots of .shp data to be had here. 	dear steve i’m really glad to see the news about the iphone g. i’m interested in how the new mobile me service takes a small step toward cloud-based storage services that i’ve wanted for a while. and the news that max os x . “snow leopard” will focus on speed and stability, rather than features is good, especially considering the following. you see, i’m a fan of apple products. not because i like the brand, but because the products work for me. 	could buddypress go the distance? facebook and myspace are trying to turn themselves into application platforms (how else will they monetize their audience?). google is pushing opensocial to compete with it. but no matter what features they offer their users, they user still orbits the site. scot hacker talks of buddypress changing the game, turning “social networks” from destination websites, to features you’ll find on every website. and the “social network” is the internet, with all those sites sharing information meaningfully. 	detecting broken images in javascript we’ve become accustomed to link rot and broken images in nearly all corners of the web, but is there a way to keep things a bit cleaner? k.t. lam of hong kong university of science and technology came up with this sweet trick using jquery and readystate to find and replace broken images: ``` jquery('span#gbs_'+info.bib_key).parents('ul').find('img.bookjacket[@readystate*="uninitialized"]').replacewith('&lt;img src="'+info.thumbnail_url+'" alt="'+strtitle+'" height=" " width=" " /'); ``` and it works really well, but only in ie. 	find stuff by minimum bounding rectangle mysql offers envelope() to find the minimum bounding rectangle of a geometric object. the result is a polygon with four segments, defined by five points. it took me a while to make sense of it, partially because the only documentation that i’ve run across so far for polygon() syntax is in the envelope() function mentioned above. i also had to draw a picture to think it through. they write this: polygon(( minx miny, maxx miny, maxx maxy, minx maxy, minx miny )), i think this (in pseudocode-ish form): polygon(( $point_a, $point_b, $point_c, $point_d, $point_a )), with the $point_s corresponding to the diagram. 	working with spatial data in mysql it’s mysql spatial data week here, though i am spreading out the posts to, um, ease the pain (or boredom). anyway, here are some commands/functions i don’t want to forget about later: start with an existing table called geometry, add a spatial column and index it: ``` alter table geometry add coord point not null; create spatial index coord on geometry (coord); ``` insert some data; think in terms of point(x y) or point(lat lon): 	bsuite beta i announced the bsuite public beta not long ago, now i’ve just posted a new version to svn that addresses some of the bugs and fleshes out some of the features. i have yet to update the bsuite page, but here’s a preview of what’s new or changed: additional stats reports wp . -style tag input tools on the page edit screen* wp . -style category selector on the page edit screen* wp . 	calculating distance between points in mysql mysql has some powerful, and perhaps underused spatial extensions, but the most interesting functions are still unimplemented: “note: currently, mysql does not implement these functions…” among those as-yet unimplemented functions is distance(). alternatives can be found here and here, though neither is clean or simple. i wonder if a simple mbrcontains() is good enough, though… 	anticipating steve jobs’ wwdc keynote will it be a thinner or fatter iphone? will it record live video? will it have a metal cutting laser? to heck with the iphone rumors. we know the story, all we’re waiting on are the details. i’m more interested in what we don’t know. what aren’t we expecting? will there be “one more thing”? (thanks to roblef for the sweet photo.) 	mysql documentation found in the mysql . reference manual: related(g ,g ,pattern_matrix) returns or to indicate whether the spatial relationship specified by pattern_matrix exists between g and g . returns – if the arguments are null. the pattern matrix is a string. its specification will be noted here if this function is implemented. (emphasis mine.) 	converting a wp.org site to wpmu i have a lot of wordpress sites i manage and i’ve been thinking about converting them to wordpress mu sites to consolidate management. today i attempted the first one, about.scriblio.net. there’s no proper way of doing it that i found, but here’s what i did: create a new site in mu create the users in the correct order (user id numbers must match) replace the posts, postmeta, comments, terms, term_taxonomy, and term_relationship tables with those from the original blog copy the contents of wp-content/uploads to wp-content/files update the posts table with the new path (both for regular content and attachments, see below) hope it all worked somebody is likely to say “just export the content in wordpress xml format and import it in the new blog,” but that person doesn’t use permalinks based on post_id. 	bsuite public beta i’ve had a lot of features on the table for bsuite for a while, but this recently discovered comment from john pratt (whose smorgasboard.net is a lot of fun), kicked me into gear to actually get working on it again. the result is bsuite , which is probably what bsuite should have been all along. the big news is that i’ve finally revamped stats tracking to work with caching mechanisms like wp cache, wp super cache, varnish, or whatever else. 	json on rhel & php . . stuck with php . . on rhel or even centos (and a sysadmin who insists on using packages)? need json? i did. the solution is easy: yum install php-devel&lt;br /&gt; pecl install json the pecl install failed when it hit an mb memory limit, and i was clueless about how to fix it until i learned that the pecl installer ignores the php.ini. turns out the best solution is to use the pear installer (which does follow php. 	happy birthday wordpress wordpress was released to the world five years ago today. celebrate in sfo, sydney, or with me at whatever bar i find myself at in new hampshire tonight. dm me with any ideas. 	another gun control analogy “gun control is like trying to reduce drunk driving by making it tougher for sober people to own cars.” via 	many eyes, bugs being shallow, all that wordpress . . added a really powerful feature to register_taxonomy(): automatic registration of permalinks and query vars to match the taxonomy. well, theoretically it added that feature. it wasn’t working in practice. after some searching yesterday and today, i finally found the bug and worked up a fix. i made a diff and set off to open a ticket in trac. on the one hand i’m glad i searched first, because it turns out that a ticket on the very same issue was opened on may th and it already has a fix. 	where do they find the time? clay shirky recently posted (wayback) a transcript of his web . expo keynote. …if you take wikipedia as a kind of unit, all of wikipedia, the whole project — every page, every edit, every talk page, every line of code, in every language that wikipedia exists in — that represents something like the cumulation of million hours of human thought. then shirky asks us to compare that to television. 	roflcon turns me on to ustream.tv i was amused to learn nathan was officially at roflcon on behalf of his library. i wasn’t representing my work and wasn’t on the lookout for work-related tools, but i found some anyway. universities have been anxious to get into live video casting for a while. our first effort eventually became pbs (net, ets and pbs histories). later, we invested huge amounts of money in interactive television (itv), but enormous costs and complexities limit the use of such facilities. 	anglia ruskin university faces criticism . anglia ruskin university is in cambridge, but it’s not cambridge university. it’s likely that none of us would even know of anglia ruskin‘s existence if it wasn’t for naomi sugai, but she’s not interested in promoting the school. she’s got complaints, she’s fed up, and she’s taking her case to youtube. well, she took her case to youtube, and then she got suspended. the video that’s up now doesn’t seem suspension-worthy, but the telegraph story suggests there’s a different version that may slander an aru administrator, and that’s the reason aru gives for suspending her. 	 honda civic ipod/iphone install last weekend, while i was putting an ipod interface into my scion i did the same thing for my honda civic. using ben johnson’s story as a guide, i bought a pie hon -aux interface and dove in. aside from tools (screwdrivers and and mm sockets), you’ll need: the interface adapter audio wiring — i used a ′ rca to / th inch cable from radio shack power — i used a belkin car charger plugged into this v extension cord i picked up from radio shack i also recommend a sufficient quantity of good beer or other beverage. 	snakes on a plane it was only after i’d taken my seat and david weinberger began his roflcon keynote that i realized there was a box of t-shirts at the side of the room with a sign over them that said something along the lines of “free: t-shirts from worn out memes.” thinking that the internet might be old enough now that the old memes might be resurrected in some ironic way, i almost jumped over jessamyn to rifle through the box and claim a prize. 	retro atari video game cover art sure you played asteroids and defender, but did you play these? 	 scion xb ipod/iphone install based on this story about an ipod interface install i purchased a pie toy -aux aux input adapter so i could finally listen to my iphone without using the lousy fm transmitter. sure, i coulda bought a new car, as the manufacturers seem to have finally come to their senses and started including such inputs, but i refuse to buy another car until i can have one that gets well over mpg. 	barbed wire, the deeper history of it turns out that, like most everything else, barbed wire shows up at auctions. not just shiny new stuff, you’ll find used stuff too. expect it to be at least a little rusty, and look out for clumps of hair or other things stuck to it. whether that adds value or not is unclear. where could we look to find out? the antique barbed wire society‘s barbed wire collector magazine might be your best source. 	my flickr complaint some whine about movies on flickr, others about the switch to yahoo ids, i simply want better rendering of transparent pngs as jpgs. 	cats want to eat your brains nyt: parasites in your brain are driving you to raise cats in hopes that they eat you. hat tip to cliff. 	flickr adds video i asked for it in , before youtube, vimeo, viddler, or revver appeared on the scene, and before myspace and facebook added video sharing as a feature. four years later they finally added it. neil rickards should get credit for creating the theme of “long photos” (neil called them “moving photos”). and anybody who was around then isn’t the least surprised at how angry some are now about the new feature (see sarcastic response to that). 	the internet, according to mememolly 	identity management going commodity? atlassian’s crowd sso and idm solution has the kind of online pricing you’d expect for word processing software. i don’t know if it’s any good, but it’s a sign that identity management getting boring. 	why can’t i re-check spam with akismet & wordpress . ? (workaround) i recently installed wordpress . and among the changes i noticed was a loss of akismet‘s “recheck spam” button (or something like that. it didn’t seem like such a problem at the time, but then i got swamped with so much trackback and comment spam that the flood dos‘d my server. i had to disable comments and trackbacks for a time, which brought my server back, but my moderation queue still had over comments waiting for me. 	christian nymphos not that you’d mistake our sites, but christian nymphos uses the same theme i use here at maisonbisson. well, i modified the theme quite a bit for my use, but…. well, regarding the title of the site: pastor bob snowdon probably approves of any and all efforts to reclaim “nympho” from its pejorative purgatory. 	cargo aircraft safety who knew fedex and ups planes crashed so often? (blame the intronetz for making this too easy to discover.) ups plane catches on fire, lands in philadelphia ( ). apparently the source of the fire remains a mystery, as with a few other ups fires. fedex planes have crashed and burned in tallahassee ( ) and memphis ( ). in a fired fedex pilot attempted to murder flight crew with hammer and hijack the plane. 	swift: another ham handed attempt at social networking all yesterday and this morning i’ve been seeing tweets about swift, so i finally googled it to see what it was about. the service promises to help organize conferences in some new . way, but it looks to be about as preposterous a social network as walmart’s aborted attempt at copying myspace. there are some real lessons here, however, about how to court the early adopters that are essential to making an application that depends on user activity successful: 	wordpress . out, maisonbisson upgraded wordpress . is out (and the wordpress site got a facelift), and i’ve already upgraded maisonbisson using svn. the changes are exciting, and seem to reflect a tradition that’s developing in wordpress of delivering some really revolutionary features in the x. release. the loss of file-based object caching was a bit of a problem, as my vps‘s load average jumped to over pretty quickly after the upgrade. i tried mark jaquith‘s apc-object-cache enabler and saw load average drop back to or so, but i also saw tag and category names disappear and discovered other weirdness. 	make your own sign i had fun with the signs in taiwan (jet powered baby stroller and men’s bathroom signs, for example), but why travel around the world for these things when you can make them at home? create warning signs, protest signs, church signs, library catalog cards, or whatever. 	tibet open letter and other innovative uses of wordpress all things digital is interesting. parents would say my baby our baby.com is a little more important. but tibet open letter is as real as the violence. two things to note: all of them are based on wordpress, and those who discuss tibet probably risk being listed by the chinese government as a trouble maker. 	evil google aaron swartz‘s bubble city, chapter : he sent the report to his superior and wandered off for a bit to dwell on the power he had as a faceless person deep inside an office park in mountain view to know every detail of another person’s life. he wondered what it would be like if he came across that person on the street, he would know every detail of his life, his household budget, the secrets he confided over im, even what he looked like naked. 	interesting wordpress plugins wp contact manager turns wordpress into a contact manager. it’s a combination of theme and plugins (including custom write panel) that allows you to enter and manage contacts as blog posts (familiar, eh?). use members only to secure access. tdo mini forms “allows you to add highly customisable forms to your website that allows non-registered users and/or subscribers (also configurable) to submit posts. the posts are kept in ”draft“ until an admin can publish them (also configurable). 	best restaurant in taipei i ate here. it’s every bit as good as the review suggests. seb’s description and photos tell more, i’ll post my own photos soon. update: posted. short story: there’s a restaurant in australia with a three month waiting list, but a sydney morning herald reporter says the restaurant i ate at is its equal or better, but without the waiting list and at us$ per meal. 	google pagerank is/is not/is all machine generated google’s always been in the awkward position of claiming that pagerank is algorithmic, not editorial, while also explaining that they’re constantly adjusting their algorithms to ensure that pagerank reflects editorial judgments of quality. here’s a peek inside the machine. 	zach houston’s poem store walking north on valencia i heard the characteristic snap snap snap of an old manual typewriter’s hammers striking paper on the platen. i was more than a bit curious about who might still use such a classic machine even before its operator called out to ask if i wanted to buy a poem. still, it’d been a full day exploring the mission with a fabulous host and the time for my flight home was nearing. 	no mo w stolen from jessamyn‘s photostream. 	where the previews are i announced yesterday scriblio‘s integration of google’s new book viewability api that links to full text, previews, or additional book information (depending on copyright status and publisher foresight). now that it’s live with plymouth’s full catalog, i spent a moment browsing the collection and taking note of what books had what. i get no preview for a baby sister for frances, but another of russell hoban‘s books, a bargain for frances. 	scriblio integrates google book search links (crossposted at scriblio.net) using the newly released book viewability api in google book search, plymouth state university’s lamson library and learning commons is one of the first libraries to move beyond simply listing their books online and open them up to reading and searching via the web. take a look at how this works with books by plymouth authors bruce heald and joseph monninger. the “browse on google” link in the new features section leads to extended previews of their works where you can browse excerpts of the books and search the full text. 	great name, but is it any good? “spork” is a great name for a restaurant, but is it any good? yelp says it is, but most of the reviews mention the burger, putting me in the position of having to review the reviewers and wonder if a hamburger person can recommend a restaurant to a vegetarian. not that i am a vegetarian or not a hamburger person, but please tell me there’s more to the retrofabulous-looking place than a cool name and a hamburger. 	geographic tweeting twittervision and twittermap show new tweets wherever they appear on the map, twitterwhere let’s you follow tweets at a specific location, and ask people has nothing to do with twitter but does show you global opinion. live. while you watch (so they say, anyway). 	warming if this doesn’t warm your heart, check to see that it’s not made of stone. 	netflix for audio books netflix for audio books: simply audiobooks. though it makes me wonder why we don’t say “like a library for audiobooks where they send you the stuff you want.” 	wordpress . offers built-in gravatar support nobody doubted that full gravatar support would make it into wordpress eventually. weblog tools collection shows what they look like, how they’re managed, and how theme designers can implement them. 	quaint vs. libraries this slashdot post asks the same question a lot of people do: “can libraries be saved from the internet?” slate has an interesting photo essay exploring the question of how to build a public library in the age of google, wikipedia, and kindle. the grand old reading rooms and stacks of past civic monuments are giving way to a new library-as-urban-hangout concept, as evidenced by seattle’s starbucks-meets-mega-bookstore central library and salt lake city’s shop-lined education mall. 	buddypress: the wordpress of social networks? andy peatling, who developed a wordpress mu-based social network and then released the code as buddypress has just joined automattic, where they seem to have big plans for it. i’d been predicting something like this since automattic acquired gravatar: it’s clear that the future is social. connections are key. wordpress mu is a platform which has shown itself to be able to operate at internet-scale and with buddypress we can make it friendlier. 	parse html and traverse dom in php? i spoke of this the other day, but now i’ve learned of php’s dom functions, including loadhtml(). use it in combination with simplexml_import_dom like this: ``` $dom = new domdocument; $dom->loadhtml(' one two three sublist item ' ); if($dom){ $xml = simplexml_import_dom($dom); print_r($xml); } 	parse html and traverse dom in php? i love how easily i can traverse an html document with jquery, and i’d love to be able to do it in php. there are a few classes, but the php binding for tidy seems to be where it’s at. the zend dev pages make it look that way, anyway. 	movable type to wordpress scot hacker (yes, that’s really his name) posted a story about migrating china digital times (published by berkeley school of journalism) from movable type to wordpress: we’ve launched with a lovely new design, reduced story publishing times from by orders of magnitude, been able to re-enable a bunch of features we’d previously had to disable for load reasons, and added new features that were never possible before. the team of authors and editors is in heaven, and i’m considering bringing the site back onto the main j-school server. 	scriblio feature: text this to me take note of the “new feature: text this to your cellphone” line above. adam brin of tricollege libraries explained that the “text this to me” feature he built to send location information about items in the library catalog as text messages to a user’s cell phone is being used as many as times a day. that was the news i needed to decide to offer the feature in psu’s scriblio implementation. 	web design frameworks? i’m a fan of the sandbox wordpress theme because it does so much to separate application logic from design, and a few small changes to the css can make huge changes to the look of the site. i think that’s the idea behind yahoo! developer network’s grids css library. that is, well structured html allows very sophisticated styling. all you have to do is plug in your content. to wit: 	give up your civil rights (and your laptop and hard drives) at the border can the feds take your laptop? yep. be prepared to give up your civil rights and your laptop at the border, says a recent article in the washington post. this came to the attention of music fans earlier, when mtv news reported that a hard drive seized at the border contained studio recordings for chris walla’s (guitarist for death cab for cutie) latest album. there was some suggestion that it was all a publicity stunt, but the post story suggests that it’s a real and not uncommon problem. 	apache reverse proxy apache mod_proxy does most of the work, nick kew’s howto on running a reverse proxy with apache explains it. now, can i tack on some authentication and make it replace iii’s wam or ezproxy? 	moscow subway’s underground palaces photographer farflungphotos describes: all the stations in moscow’s metro are completely different from one another. some of them are so opulent, with grand marble halls and chandeliers, all hidden away underground. people seemed to be using them as places just to hang out and meet up with friends. the trains were really frequent too, practically on each others tails. you never have to wait more than a few minutes for one to come along. 	western north carolina library network’s classification outline western north carolina library network‘s lc outline is full of detail. lc outline, classification, western north carolina library network, libraries 	changes to wordpress object caching in . jacob santos‘ funcdoc notes: the wordpress object cache changed in wordpress . and removed a lot of file support from the code. this means that the object cache in wordpress . is completely dependent on memory and will not be saved to disk for retrieval later. the constant wp_cache also changed its meaning. i’ve just started using the object cache and i’m happy with how it works now, so these changes are somewhat concerning. 	iphone strobe light strobe light is clearly the perfect app for your new gb iphone. 	mysql on multi-core machines the devshed technical tour explains that mysql can spawn new threads, each of which can execute on a different processor/core. what it doesn’t say is that a single thread can only execute on a single core, and if that thread locks a table, then no other threads that need that table can execute until the locking thread/query is complete. short answer: mysql works well on multi-core machines until you lock a table. 	looking ahead from : top tech trends i’m excited and honored to be joining meredith farkas and david j. fiander in a roundtable discussion of top tech trends, an olita program at superconference. we’ve made a pact not to share our trends with each other in advance (no peeking), so it’ll be interesting to see how much overlap we have and how differently we approach the issues where we do have overlap. sophistication the search box with its flashing cursor is a powerful tool, but it’s positively pre-cambrian when compared to our hyper a/v culture. 	ola superconference presentation: scriblio i’m honored to be invited to the ontario library association superconference to present my work on scriblio today (session # ). a pdf of my slides is online. scriblio has had about a year of use in production at each of three sites, and the lessons suggest that web . technologies really do work for libraries. and the best news: we can do it without breaking the budget: i’ll be demonstrating how to install scriblio and reinvent a library in about ten minutes. 	microsoft threatens to buy yahoo! i like yahoo!. i really hope the shareholders decline microsoft’s offer. blech, ms has wanted a piece of yahoo! for a while. 	never forget, - - paranoia if it’s not an american flag, it’s probably a bomb. 	what do coots eat? turns out that coots are omnivorous, but prefer plant matter. why. 	forget time capsule, i want a space ship apple’s time capsule is great. seriously. when has backup been easier? but i need more. the macbook air&rsquo;s small storage highlights a problem i’ve been suffering for some time: there’s never enough storage. the slower processor and limited ram expansion are sufferable, but storage isn’t. the gb drive in my macbook pro now is stuffed with gb of music (and that’s after spending hours paring it down a few weeks ago), and almost gb of pictures. 	camera found in cab starts digital goose chase what would you do if you found a camera in a cab? 	lcsh news: “mountain biking” replaces “all terrain cycling” even though mountain bike sales and participation are down (as a percentage of market share, biking has been declining for ten years), the library of congress has just issued a directive to change the subject heading from “all terrain cycling” to “mountain biking.” the term was apparently first coined by charlie kelly and gary fisher in . 	stephen king doesn’t hate kindle stephen king writes at entertainment weekly.com that he doesn’t hate the kindle: will kindles replace books? no. and not just because books furnish a room, either. there’s a permanence to books that underlines the importance of the ideas and the stories we find inside them; books solidify an otherwise fragile medium. but can a kindle enrich any reader’s life? my own experience — so far limited to . books, i’ll admit — suggests that it can. 	mcqualifications bruce pechman earned his credentials, but you could get yours at mcdonald’s. yes, the fast food chain is apparently offering diplomas in britain now. 	dangerous grains call for drastic measures “the office of emergency management, the new york city fire department, department of buildings, nypd, health department, and department of agriculture” all apparently showed up to evict tenants from a building called the “kibbutz” in the williamsburg section of brooklyn. why? “dangerous grains,” and a matzoh bakery. it’s been labeled matzo-gate, and speculation is rampant that the eviction was spurred by developers eyeing the now fashionable neighborhood. gothamist has a picture. 	apache, mysql, and php on macos x p ps harlow tweeted something about trying to get an amp environment running on his mac. conversation followed, and eventually i sent along an email that look sorta like this: if you’re running . (i doubt it, but it’s worth mentioning because i’m most familiar with it), here’s how i’ve setup dozens of machines for web development and wordpress: install mysql http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ . .html#macosx-dmg install marc liyanage’s php package 	usability experts are from mars, graphic designers are from venus this an old one, but it just caught my atention. in a list apart tells us usability experts are from mars, graphic designers are from venus. is this still true? haven’t the last several years been about the triumph of good design in both the usability and graphic senses? or are rounded corners not actually useful? 	dancing with the nerds richard stallman‘s soulja boy dance, mit style (via). 	wordpress to_ping query optimization the wordpress team has taken up the issue of performance optimization pretty seriously, and i look forward to the fruits of their efforts, but i’m also casting a critical eye on my own code. thanks to caching and a hugely optimized query architecture, scriblio is now performing better than ever, and i’m now looking at the next tier of problems. first among them is a wordpress query that runs to find which posts have pingbacks or trackbacks waiting to be processed. 	this would _so_ cramp my style the new hampshire house is considering a ban on texting while driving. please, no. 	even cheetah moms have to argue with kids about dinner mother cheetah wants kids to learn to hunt gazelle, but cubs want to nuzzle it. 	signs of user-centric shift at ces? doc searls in linux journal compares previous ces expos to and finds a shift from talk of “broadcasters and rights-holders extending their franchise” to a web . enlightened user-centricity. at every ces up to this one, i always felt that both open source and user-in-charge were swimming upstream against a tide of proprietary “solutions” and user lock-in strategies. this year i can feel the tide shift. lots of small things point toward increased user autonomy, originality, invention and engagement. 	introducing phonepedia, a voice-activated wikipedia mashup the phonepedia concept is simple: take wikipedia’s rich content and add voice recognition. it’s as easy as calling a number and asking your question, the answer will be returned via sms and email. go ahead and try it for yourself. phonepedia. the voice recognition is powered by jott, and thanks are due to heidi for writing so glowingly about it (cluetrain moment: i’d heard about jott before, but hadn’t been stirred to look at it until i saw heidi’s post speaking in the voice of a real person). 	like mr. ranganathong said… like mr. ranganathong said: “the intellect cannot be tied down with a decimal thong.” (via) 	i can haz ice cream and booze? this thread says you can get booze and ice cream in the same joint! places to know in nyc: otto, the chocolate room (beer &amp; wine only?), chikalicious, clinton street baking company, blt burger, homer’s, and liquor &amp; ice cream. 	staring contest shirow masamune himself couldn’t draw manga eyes like hers. 	google pumps openid too following news that yahoo! is joining the openid fray, it appears google is dipping a toe in too. while those two giants work out their implementations, others are raising the temperature of the debate on idm solutions. stefan brands is among the openid naysayers (&lt;a href=&quot;http://daveman .livejournal.com/ .html&rdquo; title=&quot;david recordon&rsquo;s blog - stefan chooses to take the &ldquo;fox news&rdquo; approach to openid blogging&quot;&gt;david recordon’s response), while scott gillbertson sees a bright future. let’s watch the openid directory to see how fast it grows now (count on january : ). 	harvard film archive’s wild movies of s pre-code films were apparently something of a spectacle. harvard film archive this weekend is exploring their depths in a series titled vice vs. virtue. 	just in case anybody else wond… just in case anybody else wonders why a wordpress initiates extra mysql activity http://tinyurl.com/ nkplo 	balloon organ, yes, a balloon organ in a piece that will have some people eagerly looking for some afro celt sound system, others singing where do they make balloons, and some people just shaking their heads, this fellow, apparently standing in his bathroom, introduces us to another guy and his balloon organ. really. check this for more homemade organ fun. 	eccentric chess champ bobby fischer dead eccentric, perhaps persecuted, bobby fischer is dead. news story. 	wordpress + invalid urls = extra database queries after reporting weirdness last week i finally sat down with a completely clean and virgin install of wordpress . . and traced what happens when you make a permalink request for a non-existent url. here are two sets of urls to use as examples and context: these are valid urls: http://site.org/archives/ http://site.org/page-name these are _not_ valid urls: http://site.org/archivezorz/ http://site.org/favicon.ico valid urls get parsed, the expected mysql queries get executed, and the results are processed and returned to the browser. 	yahoo! pumps openid ars notes that yahoo! supports openid. yeah, that openid. 	southwest’s in-flight magazine doesn’t suck, they say derek powazek likes it, but is it worth flying southwest for? 	@jblyberg: i had to look it up… @jblyberg: i had to look it up a while ago too http://tinyurl.com/z sg 	sifting results of error_log( … sifting results of ``` error_log( $_server['request_uri'] ."\n". $_server['remote_addr'] ."\n". print_r( debug_backtrace(), true ) ); ``` 	trying to figure out why wp hi… trying to figure out why wp hits db for all posts query _after_ it determines the url is a 	is facebook really the point? a post to web lib alerted me to this u mich survey about libraries in social networks (blog post) that finds % of students don’t care for or want libraries in facebook or myspace. the biggest reason being that they feel the current methods (in-person, email, im) are more than sufficient. % said no because they felt it was inappropriate or that facebook/myspace is a social tool, not a research tool. 	@tinfoilraccoon: take the pled… @tinfoilraccoon: take the pledge: http://tinyurl.com/ x qye 	@tinfoilraccoon: is it really … @tinfoilraccoon: is it really so complex that it requires training? pls tell them amazon and itunes don’t require training, ask why od does. 	fancy up your website with web clip icons aaron schmidt alerted me to this how to sweetening up your site with fancy iphone web clip icons. 	impeach cheney now you’ll feel better after signing the petition. 	bits of mysql query syntax i’ve learned this week watching the wordpress hacker list this week, a couple messages related to selecting information about users schooled me on mysql syntax. i obviously knew the following would work, but i’d previously used the union syntax in similar situations and somehow hadn’t thought of writing it this way: ``` select (select meta_value from wp_usermeta where meta_key = 'first_name' and user_id = ) as first, (select meta_value from wp_usermeta where meta_key = 'last_name' and user_id = ) as last, wp_users. 	user posts antisemitic content… user posts antisemitic content to wikipedia, then crosses out my comment in the requests for deletion page!?!? http://tinyurl.com/ytt zh 	@edventures: their hardware an… @edventures: their hardware and operating system operations are getting squeezed. they’ve gotta look elsewhere. 	i like mysql. i like sun. this… i like mysql. i like sun. this could work well: http://tinyurl.com/yr rl 	tried sleep, failed. surfing w… tried sleep, failed. surfing web oniohone in bed while sandee sleeps soundly. 	just a tiny example of a commu… just a tiny example of a community trying to figure out its boundaries http://tinyurl.com/ytt zh 	drove home clicking iphone map… drove home clicking iphone maps locate button like walt mossberg on meth. works great in cities, crap in woods 	new iphone maps locate circle … new iphone maps locate circle has yet to locate me 	macbook air is sealed like ipo… macbook air is sealed like ipod. can’t replace battery, no ram upgrades. 	iphone update finally download… iphone update finally downloading. not leaving office until i get a locator button on my maps. 	iphone update server overloade… iphone update server overloaded 	nh primary fraud? two very important things: i have every confidence that the nh primary results were correct and accurate, and, most importantly, unmolested. and, i’m also quite happy with them. but that doesn’t mean i’m not anxiously awaiting the results of the hand recount that congressman kucinich has requested. conspiracy theories abound, and diebold is a despicable company worthy of general derision, but at least our accuvote os machines have paper ballots. 	@awd: wasn’t sure if there was… @awd: wasn’t sure if there was a specific meeting your sarcasm was directed toward, though i’ve been following the drama all along 	@mstephens : bring cigars and … @mstephens : bring cigars and ask if prez has has scotch in the office? 	getting ready for the stevenote i can’t go to the parties laughing squid names, and world of apple’s live video coverage seems about as likely as a kucinich becoming president, but the unofficial apple weblog‘s keynote predictions are out, ars’ keynote bingo is set, and half the blogaverse will likely offer some updates about the action, some of them live. the stevenote is coming, and at the end of the day, or at least later that day, it’s likely that apple will broadcast the recorded event in quicktime (judging from this url, you might find it here). 	dead men don’t cash checks virgilio cintron was the happiest corpse in the city… 	chris “long tail” anderson on open source open source and the long tail: an interview with chris anderson the shift of software from the desktop to the web will really be the making of open-source software. the long tail side of software will almost certainly be web-based because the web lowers the barriers to adoption of software. there will always be some software best delivered as packaged bits. but the big problem with packaged software–or one big problem–is the risk associated with installation. 	how do i create a semantic web site? a member of the web lib mail list asked: how do i create a semantic web site? i know i have to use either rdf or owl but do i use either of these to create a mark up language which i then use to create the web site or, with the semantic web do we move away from mark up languages altogether? am i right in thinking that owl and rdf do not contain any information on how the document is to be displayed or presented? 	live in mehran karimi nasseri, sanjay shah and alex ervasti all made their names living in airports. now, comedian mark malkoff is hoping his one week stay at the paramus, nj ikea store will do the same. 	the state of democracy what does it mean about the state of democracy when viral video darling obama girl amber lee ettinger shows up in nh? and chuck norris too? (chuck norris political facts.) it probably surprises no one that kucinich’s press secretary’s year old daughter is more articulate than amber and chuck combined. ugh. 	wordpress admin redesign progress happy cog‘s liz danzico introduced it at wordcamp (her slides are online), but it’s been only recently that the fruits of the admin control panel re-thinking have started to appear in code. though there’s much work yet to be done and it’s not uncontroversial, i think i like it. 	maisonbisson chocolate martini the holidays are past, but we still have a sweet tooth here. chocolate shavings for rimming part crème de cacao parts vodka dark chocolate garnish warm a martini glass over a small flame, then roll the rim in chocolate shavings. put a square of dark chocolate in the glass, then prepare the liquor. shake vodka and crème de cacao with ice and strain into glass. for additional flavor, sprinkle the top with cocoa powder or chocolate shavings. 	wiimote (wii remote) + projector + computer = homebrew multitouch display you’ve got the hardware, you’ve got the skills, go build a multi-touch electronic whiteboard with your wiimote and a data projector. 	building in a (big) bubble dcdead‘s photo of the central station of strasbourg, france reminds me of something i’d long wanted to do in (or around) my old house: put it in a dome. apparently, this dome doesn’t fully cover the building, just enlarges it without obscuring the facade. still, square meters of glass looks pretty good, eh? back to my old house, however. here’s the plan: forget the lack of insulation and the drafty windows (and the dying roof, before i replaced it), solve all of that by putting a greenhouse up around it. 	wordpress . performance, timeline the good news is that performance is a big goal for wp . , the bad news is that it’s been delayed to the end of january at the earliest. 	gmail imap vs. previous pop users google mail now supports imap, but what if you’ve been using pop all along and have a gajillion messages on the server, all marked unread and waiting in your inbox? how can i tell apple mail not to download the [gmail]/all mail imap folder without an ugly hack? [update, the hack just causes mail to crash a lot.] 	free report on accessible web design from jakob nielsen free from nielsen norman group: beyond alt text, making the web easy to use for users with disabilities, a report on web design for users with disabilities. “seventy-five best practices for design of websites and intranets, based on usability studies with people who use assistive technology” according to the blog post, usability is three times better for non-disabled users. 	bsuite machine tags there can be no arguments about it, machine tags are cool and they solve problems. and now they work in wordpress with bsuite too (svn only, for the moment). it’s not just because flickr popularized them that i like them, though it helps and you should definitely look at that stuff: the announcement excitement from o’reilly radar, programmableweb, and dan catt (who championed the concept at flickr, i think). 	inside your head video found via a photo in soffia gisladóttir‘s photostream. the suggestion that things go rotten inside a person’s head is very sad, but i’ve also suggested it to zach for moldy snack.com 	css transparency settings for all browsers ``` .transparent_class { opacity: . ; /* the standards compliant attribute that all browsers should recognize, but... */ filter:alpha(opacity= ); /* for ie */ -khtml-opacity: . ; /* for old safari ( .x) */ -moz-opacity: . ; /* for old skool netscape navigator */ } ``` (via) 	a boy and his cabbage of significant size from the la crosse tribune, a boy and his cabbage of significant size: wisconsin ten-year-old douglas mezera grew a -pound cabbage for a competition sponsored by bonnie plant. the alabama plant company’s program aims to promote gardening as fun and rewarding. what do you do with so much cabbage? “we made it into homemade sauerkraut,” douglas’ mom said. “it’s good.” (via) 	language translation icon we all need a recognized icon to represent “translate this.” we’ve got one for feeds and social bookmarking, but where’s our translate icon? a lot of folks simply use flags, but that’s a bad idea because they’re “nationalistic, and represent ideals, boundaries, and political beliefs, but do not represent a language.” joe lee has developed a few icons for use in the olpc project, and they look good. the only problem i have with them is in trying to make them work at × pixels. 	in flight wifi back in the air? i thought the matter was dead after boeing shut down their much hyped in-flight wifi plans (yep), but engadget got a seat on jetblue’s private introductory flight for their wifi service. the good news is that it’s free, the not surprising news is that yahoo! is partnering in it (and it requires a yahoo! account), the bad news is that all you get is yahoo! im and email. no web browsing, or anything else useful. 	scriblio . v released scriblio . v is out. see it. download it. install it. join the mail list. what’s new? lots of small bug fixes. implemented wp_cache support. revamped sql query logic for better memory efficiency. new widget options. search suggest/autocomplete support (implemented in the new theme). new theme. new theme! by jon link. 	home libraries, amateur libraries the library problem: in march of my wife mary and i owned about , books. we both have eclectic interests, voracious appetites for knowledge, and a great love of used bookstores. the problem was that we had no idea what books we had or where any of them were. we lost books all the time, cursed late into the night digging through piles for that one book we knew must be there, and even bought books only to find that we already owned them. 	usb-connected monitors? displaylink is licensing technology that promises to make adding a second (or sixth) monitor as easy as plugging into a spare usb port. samsung’s ux “ lcd (under $ , review) is among the first to employ it, though iogear’s usb to vga adapter is also available (about $ , review). this isn’t without problems, though. image quality is said to be sharp until it moves, then it stutters and chops, more from cnet labs. 	seven person bicycle: the conference bike i saw this bike here, here, and here on flickr, but nobody said what it was or where i could learn more. some googling revealed it was eric staller’s conferencebike, first sold by hemmacher schlemmer. one person steers while all seven riders peddle, and it looks like a lot of fun if you’ve got a spare $ , . the eight foot long bike is six feet wide and weighs about pounds. 	compress css & javascript using php minify it was part of a long thread among wordpress hackers over the summer and fall, but this post at vulgarisoverip just reminded of it: minify promises to be an easy way to compress external css and javascript without adding extra steps to your develop/deploy process. no, really, look at the usage instructions. (to be clear, the vulgaris and google code versions are different, one derived from the other and backported to php compatible. 	old romans knew how to make glue we’ve known about the birch bark glue romans used on their clay pots and jars for a while, but now researchers in germany are calling it “caesar’s superglue.” researchers at the rhine state museum in bonn apparently found it used to bond silver plate to an iron helmet in a year old repair job. the superglue part: the bond was still good. 	people make scriblio better it’s way cool to see lichen‘s scriblio installation instructions translated to hungarian. even cooler to have sarah the tagging librarian take hard look at it and give us some criticism (and praise!). but i’m positively ecstatic to see robin hastings’ post on installing scriblio (it’s not easy on windows, apparently). part of it is pride in seeing something that i’ve been working on for so long finally get out into the world, but scriblio really does get better with every comment or criticism. 	roadside attractions fading away? roadside attractions fading from landscape: a staple of the american road trip could be slowly disappearing from the nation’s interstates and byways. owners of some roadside attractions are deciding that interest is waning 	bsuite released [innerindex]i started bstat in when i ported my blog from pmachine to wordpress and needed to bring over the tools i’d built to identify popular stories and recent comments. i renamed it bsuite when i added tagging and other features to it. now it’s bsuite . get it here. get installation details here, and users of previous versions should check the upgrade instructions here. features tracking of page loads for each post and page. 	my iphone commercial (or, the night we almost died on a mountain) it was cold. the air carried no scent, ice squeaked under our boots, and every little leaf and twig crinkled and snapped as we walked over it. but this was louder than that. much louder. neither jon nor i saw it actually happen, but when i found will he was mostly upside down between a boulder and tree. the trail at that point was elevated by some rocks and bordered by pines that grew from the forrest floor some distance below. 	tabbed chatting in ichat among the missing features i hear the most complaints about regarding ichat is the lack of tabbed chatting. today i discovered it’s part of leopard. simply go to the ichat prefs, click on the messages pane, and selected “collect chats into a single window” and you’re set. 	a nation marketing itself japan‘s the ministry of foreign affairs english-language web japan is a bottomless trove of in-flight magazine-quality stories like antibacterial epidemic and j-culture-hyping love-fests like honoring the world’s manga artists. if american propaganda efforts are this bad, why do foreign governments even bother blocking them? 	is this really worth protesting? it can only be taken as evidence of our wealth and privilege that two years after macy’s bought marshall field’s people are planning a black friday rally and holiday boycott to protest the name change. 	wp rewrite instructable dan’s instructable for custom rewrite rules in wordpress is better than the docs in the codex. 	how expensive does commercial software need to get before we consider open source? open source software of the free as in free beer and free as in free speech variety has matured to the point that there are now strong contenders in nearly every category, though that doesn’t make them easy choices. it’s often revealing when people criticize oss as being free as in free kittens, which is true in the sense that f/oss does require continued care and feeding to make it work, and false in that it suggests commercial solutions don’t. 	themes i like matt has updated his site with a less blog-like front page and i just discovered unsleepable, which is very bloggy, but seems like a good start for what i want to do next. 	remix remix remix: the tracey fragments i guess the criticism is that it’s one thing for somebody to open up their music for remixing, but an entirely different thing to do the same with a movie. or is it? is it (click re-fragmented)? 	[insert word here] is hurting your network corporate networks are defenseless against the growing threat from instant messaging, and the government warns wifi is insecure and easily sniffed. experts suggest we take precautions against the growing risk of p p software that’s exposing sensitive documents and threatening national security. businesses blame security problems on their employees, their mobile devices, and other consumer technologies. and now we have myspace. 	tidens hotteste it-trends my presentation for today’s hottest it trends is nearly completely new, though it draws a number of pieces from my building web . -native library services and remixability presentations. what it adds is an (even more) intense focus on the people that make up the web. denmark is among the most wired countries of europe, and it’s especially interesting that more than half of danes over use the web at least once a week. 	remember the good old days? the first article database i remember using was dialog, sometime in the late s or early s. today i found myself amused that we used to call such things “interactive.” that is, you poked the command line interface with questions and it usually beeped a syntax error, all while they charge $ per minute, plus the connection fees. (the image above is from a later cd-rom version.) a article in phrack reminded me of some of the details and fun of such systems: 	european internet usage statistics eurostat : internet usage in the eu : “nearly half of individuals in the eu used the internet at least once a week in and a third of households and three-quarters of enterprises had broadband internet access.” statistics denmark : access to the internet: % of population has home internet access. 	going global with my iphone i can use my iphone pretty much anywhere, but att is going to charge me $ . a minute for calls, $. per text, and $. per kb for data while in denmark. att requires international activation but they do offer some tips for international roamers. i bought an international iphone data plan ( mb for $ ), but i also learned that visual voice mail counts against that (regular voice mail counts against minutes, at the $ . 	wordpress vs. drupal i’m a wordpress partisan, so i agree with mark ghosh’s criticism of this wordpress vs drupal report. still, it reminds me that i should point out xxlmag, slam online, and ford among the very non-bloggy sites built on wordpress. 	fish tacos oh decadence! veterans day provided not only a chance for reflection but also a rare day free from the classroom. so what to do with this open period of time? the answer was easy, dinner party. i have wanted to have my colleagues roxanna and john over, but time is always an issue. i phoned them up and they accepted. now the fun began — menu planning. while vacationing with my parents in vegas last summer we went out to marvelous food chain, the cheesecake factory. 	design anxiety all i know about denmark is what gets imported: legos, of course, but also a tradition of exquisitely clean and functional design. that’s why, as i prepare for my talk in copenhagen later this week, i’m incredibly conscious of my own design and a bit jealous of jessamyn’s outstanding use of orange. anyway, that’s where i’ll be all week. any tips? anybody up for a drink? 	gender gaps connect the dots: boys vs. girls in us colleges and too many men in east germany. 	object-based vs. ego based social networks vs. wow and second life there are so many cool things in fred stutzman’s recent post, but this point rang the bell for me just as i was considering the differences between world of warcraft and second life. more on those games in a moment, first let’s get stutzman’s description of ego vs. object networks: an ego-centric social network places the individual as the core of the network experience (orkut, facebook, linkedin, friendster) while the object-centric network places a non-ego element at the center of the network. 	internet safety npr : back to school: reading, writing and internet safety as students return to school in virginia, there’s something new in their curriculum. virginia is the first state to require public schools to teach internet safety. 	freaking mysql character set encodings derek sivers‘ plan, with all it’s bin hex and regexp and back and forth between mysql and php almost looks good compared to what i’m about to do. really, why is it so difficult to go from latin (tables created back in mysql ) to utf ? not only do you have to set the charset on the table, but also the connection, in php, and flipping everywhere. and then you’ve gotta deal with all this old data that’s in the wrong character set. 	pick up lines how to pick up girls in the library. indeed, it’s picking up girls made easy. 	internet librarian presentation: building web . native library services the conference program says i’m speaking about designing an opac for web . , and i guess i am, but the approach this time is what have we learned so far? and though it’s the sort of thing only a fool would do, i’m also planning to demonstrate how to install scriblio, a web . platform for libraries (foolish because i plan to do it live and in real time). 	is the answers.com api public? answers.com is throwing a bone to wordpress users with their new answerlinks plugin written by alex king. but wait, there’s an answers.com api? a few pokes at the google machine reveal nothing relevant, and asnwers.com’s site is mum too. taking apart the code, i get the following (modded enough to make it run-able if you drop it in the base of your wordpress install): ``` require_once('wp-config.php'); require_once(abspath.wpinc.'/class-snoopy.php'); $snoop = new snoopy; $snoop-read_timeout = ; $snoop-submit( 'http://alink. 	maisonbisson and unapi thanks to mike giarlo‘s unapi server for wordpress. now if only there were a library catalog built on wordpress, i could probably just drop it in. 	panorama stitchers: calico vs. doubletake i’ve been using doubletake to stitch panoramas for a while, but when i discovered p ps harlow’s photos and learned he was using calico panorama, i figured it was worth taking a look. doubletake has done a great job for a number of my photos (mt. moriah, san francisco motorcycles, mt. mondadnock), and when the automatic stitch failed, i could manually reposition (or re-order) the photos. i could also adjust the individual images to make them better match each other. 	mac os x . comes with apache and php yep. leopard comes with new stuff. lazeez says it works fine, but commenters here are having trouble. 	memory, intimacy, and the web i’ve been thinking about it since troy mentioned to me that he thought google was ruining his memory. and i thought i found confirmation of it when i read gladwell’s description of daniel wegner, et al’s transactive memory in close relationships: when we talk about memory, we aren’t just talking about ideas and impressions and facts stored inside our heads. an awful lot of what we remember is actually stored outside our brains. 	library . subject guides ellyssa kroski‘s librarian’s guide to creating . subject guides is good introduction for librarians who think know “there has to be a better way.” but why no mention of blogs and blogging tools? (i’m still really happy that when you search our catalog for something, a subject guide for that term appears (if we have one that’s relevant)). 	book autopsies via ryan: brian dettmer: book autopsies at centripetal notion. 	site crashed…recovered…sort of my hosting provider lost a server, and their most recent backup of my database was from wednesday. that was newer than what i had, so that’s what i’ve got. any comments submitted between then and mid afternoon today have been lost. i was luckier with my posts: i write most of them in ecto and had them backed up on my lappy. at least the sox won. 	the war on zombies from kim to zach to me to you: bush vs. zombies. now we know: the guy doesn’t understand the difference between fact and fiction. most people thought shaun of the dead was horror/comedy, not documentary. poor w probably read the zombie survival guide as an instruction manual (don’t show him how to survive a robot uprising, please). gah. the guy hired a cannibal, fears animal-human hybrids, and flip-flops on evolution. 	gravatar acquired, more features & better reliability ahead matt pointed out that automattic has purchased gravatar, the globally recognizable avatar service. om speaks of the economics and matt’s cagy, but it’s hard not to see the possibility of creating a larger identity solution around this. wordpress’ market penetration is huge, a service that connects those nearly two million blogs could offer real value, especially in connection with automattic’s akismet. aside: now that gravitar’s reliability is up, i’ll probably get sexy comments running here soon. 	stupid trademark law story: timbuk develops a new line of messenger bags that features fabric made of &lt;a href=;http://www.treehugger.com/files/ / /dont_shoot_the.php&quot;&gt;recycled material (engineered by rootphi). some of the fabric contains a symbol that target lawyers say is their logo. target lawyers cease and desist timbuk . thing is, the trademarked target logo is a roundel, commonly used around the world (easily recognized in british aircraft of wwii). the particular design target has chosen appears to be a copy of peru’s official insignia. 	screencasting on mac i’m as annoyed as the next guy about how hard it is to find a decent screencast app for mac. the forthcoming mac os . ’s new ichat theater (and the built-in screen sharing/control features) should create some new opportunities for developers, but right now it’s hard to know what works or is worth trying. further, i narrowed the field with the following requirement: i need an app that records to quicktime-compatible files, not flash. 	not just hip when a writer goes looking for young turks (my words, not scott’s), you should expect the story to include some brash quotes (writers are supposed to have a chip of ice in their hearts, after all). on the other hand, we’re librarians, so how brash can we be? scott carlson’s young librarians, talkin’ ‘bout their generation in the chronicle this week did it better than most articles: rather than showing how hip or geeky we are, it asks us about the future. 	friends, photos, favors, feeling ill i practically begged will and karen to get on a carnival ride with me so i could get portraits with the lights streaking behind them. will warned me that he doesn’t do well on rides; i argued that no ride with so many kids under four feet tall could be too dangerous for us. we boarded, it started. from the ground it looked gentle, much like the teacups. that was misleading. 	corrosion test facility not as rusty as expected corey, will, and jon were all as excited as i was to see the fabled point judith corrosion test site, just south of narragansett, but we were all surprised at how un-rusty the goods were. don’t laugh, corrosion is a big deal. according to the national materials advisory board: corrosion of metallic structures has a significant impact on the u.s. economy. in a congressional study, the total economic impact of corrosion and corrosion control applications was estimated to be $ billion annually, or . 	fools on the beach [[slideshow|height= px|farm -static-flickr-com- _ e c .jpg farm -static-flickr-com- _f bd da b.jpg farm -static-flickr-com- _ ea fede .jpg farm -static-flickr-com- _fb c b .jpg farm -static-flickr-com- _dbaee d .jpg]] we were there because of the point judith corrosion test facility — the rust museum — but who can resist chasing seagulls? and who can resist posting the sequence? assuming you’ve got a recent browser with javascript enabled, you should see a bit of a slideshow above. photos on flickr, slideshow powered by jquery and bsuite. 	cocktail manifesto we’re huge fans of the new joy of cooking by marion rombauer becker, irma s. rombauer, and ethan becker. hardly a meal goes through our kitchen that isn’t shaped in some part by the recipes and general information in its pages. a recent discovery was joy’s description and defense of cocktail parties. so, when a book as serious and valuable as the new joy of cooking raises alarms about the declining future of cocktail parties, we listen. 	who owns the network? note: this cross-posted item is my contribution to our banned books week recognition. we’ve been pitting books against each other, hoping to illustrate that there are always (at least) two sides to every story. most of the other books were more social or political, but i liked this pair. wikinomics authors don tapscott and anthony d. williams tell stories of how the the internet’s unprecedented collaboration opportunities are changing the rules of economics. 	banned books week dilemma our intention is to feature “a series of books that challenge our beliefs and test our commitment to free speech,” but on this post about holocaust denial i found myself unwilling (and unable) to link to the free, online pdf full text of david irving‘s hitler’s war. and when we discovered it wasn’t in our collection (though it may have been lost/stolen, not replaced, and the record deleted), we decided not to purchase it. 	business . too tired? magazines fail all the time, but it’s hard not to look at them as signs of something larger. macweek‘s fizzle was claimed to represent the demise of the mac, computer shopper has lost more weight than a slim fast spokesmodel ( pages to in ten years!). and now business . magazine is shutting down and sending cancellation notices to readers. perhaps the lesson here is that there’s nothing too . 	restaurant review: cotton first impressions how much is too much for an entree at a place that plays the kind of anonymous muzak that kenny g calls jazz and is decorated like applebee’s? trust me, i like renovated mill buildings, but why confuse it with faux grecian columns and too many pictures of dead celebrities? i mean, the interior was clean and pleasant, but lacked attention to detail. if you’re so afraid your customers are going to walk off with the poorly framed prints of old hollywood darlings that you nail them to the wall through the frame, how much can you expect them to pay for dinner? 	smashitup smashitup smashitup! after all my agitating for small, cheap, fuel efficient cars (and automotive metaphors), i figured i had to post this picture (and a few others) from the demolition derby at the hopkinton fair a couple weeks ago. my video of the four-cylinder event is at youtube. extra: i don’t know where it fits in your stereotype of the demolition derby audience, but i was happy to find somebody wearing a css_descramble. 	“to ascertain if the applicant is still living” whose library is it anyway?: a visit to the lenox [tags]library, libraries, humor, lennox library[/tags] 	don’t mistake me (please) over at kle’s web . challenge i was surprised to learn: both bisson and stephens are so excited about this concept of web . they have not taken a good look at what they can’t do for our libraries. …with all this new technology we can not forget that what is the most important in our libraries is the personal touch. we are one of the few institutions left that still offers individual attention. 	checkouts vs. gpa? cindy harper, systems librarian at colgate university, posted to the iug list with this notion today: i’m clearing out a large group of expired student records, and wonder if anyone else has had the same idea that has occurred to me. [our ils] keeps track in the patron record of totchkouts (total checkouts). at the expiration of the students’ record at the end of their four or so years, this represents a measure that is not perfect, but could distinguish heavy library users from non-users. 	copyleft: defending intellectual property anybody who thinks free software is anti-copyright or disrespectful of intellectual property should take a look at mark jaquith’s post, what a gpl’d movable type means. let’s be clear, anil dash takes issue with jaquith’s interpretation, but the point is jaquith’s offense at what appears to be six apart’s grabbiness for any code somebody might contribute. freedom was one thing, the willingness of a person to pour his or her sweat into something, then watch somebody else (or even risk watching somebody else) profit from it is another. 	mullenweg on wordpress and open source i wish i’d seen this from wordpress maven matt mullenweg before i finished my ltr on open source software for libraries. mullenweg is brushing off some of the mystique and praise the media has been giving him, and giving an honest sense of what makes open source software work: the real story is more exciting than the cookie-cutter founder myth the media tries frame everything in. it’s not just one or two guys hacking on something alone, it’s dozens of people from across the world coming together because of a shared passion. 	it’s standard playtesting, everybody does it in another sign that my generation’s culture is gaining dominance, npr gave video games a bit of coverage this morning. unfortunately, the story that makes it sound like the company invented playtesting doesn’t suggest that microsoft’s behemoth investment in the halo franchise makes that testing (and, perhaps, blandness) necessary. (meanwhile, msnbc last year ran an off-message story about how playtesters declared the wii the top console.) reality: playtesting is one of those dream jobs that people scour craigslist for or start questionable-looking services around. 	developing and testing mobile content read: a list apart: articles: put your content in my pocket and part ii. test/simulate: opera mini, lynx, a variety of mobile phones, internet explorer (because even with parallels, who really wants to infect their machine with windows?), and iphone. 	a message from the establishment to the establishment we must stop thinking of ourselves as a good-idea factory whose every thought has greater merit than those of our customers. procter & gamble doesn’t even do that. — paraphrased 	nh’s virtual learning academy the ceo of nh’s first online-only, distance education high school expects about students to enroll in its first semester, to start in january. so says a report at nhpr. 	four years of music industry lawsuits & madness marketplace reminds us the storm of riaa lawsuits began in september . in that time they’ve sued a thousands of people, and most lawyers apparently advise those caught in the madness to simply roll over and take it. but tanya andersen, a year old disabled single mother didn’t. after years of litigation (and mounting legal bills), it finally came out the riaa’s lawyers had misidentified her and dropped the case, casually saying “sometimes when you go fishing with a driftnet, you catch a few dolphins. 	obligatory talk like a pirate day post perhaps talk like a pirate day has been too successful when npr hosts are doing it, but anything that’s so important to our children’s future success is important enough for me. and if you need a brush up on your skills, don’t miss this instructional video. 	nyt: the link is the currency of the web the new york times has struggled with timesselect, now they’re killing it. but the news here isn’t that a media giant is giving up on a much hyped online venture. the news is that a media giant is endorsing what we now call web . : since we launched timesselect in , the online landscape has altered significantly. readers increasingly find news through search, as well as through social networks, blogs and other online sources. 	closed formats are bad for libraries, stop ooxml now microsoft just won’t quit. now they’re trying to make ooxml an iso standard. please help stop this. here’s how i explained it in open source software for libraries: the state of massachusetts in announced new it standards that required its , employees and agencies to adopt open file formats. the decision didn’t specify the applications to be used, just the format of the electronic documents they created, stored and exchanged #. 	nebraska state senator ernie chambers sues god the following, quoted from daily kos: accodring to chambers, god has caused fearsome floods, egregious earthquakes, horrendous hurricanes, terrifying tornadoes, pestilential plagues, ferocious famines, devastating droughts, genocidal wars, birth defects, calamitous catastrophes resulting in the wide-spread death, destruction and terrorization of millions upon millions of the earth’s inhabitants including innocent babes, infants, children, the aged and infirm without mercy or distinction. so, you think “yeah, he’s got a point. 	building libraries with free software sarah houghton-jan‘s review of my ltr on open source software for libraries reminded me i wanted to blog this related piece i’d written for american libraries. tim spalding cocks his head a bit as he says it to emphasize the point: “librarything.com is social software.” however we categorize it, spalding’s baby has become a darling to librarians, and as we sat chatting over lunch in spring , the web application that had begun life just to months earlier was to catalog its -millionth book. 	the “show of force” brand a pentagon commissioned $ , rand study, enlisting madison avenue: the marketing approach to earning popular support in theaters of operation, concludes “the ‘force’ brand, which the united states peddled for the first few years of the occupation, was doomed from the start and lost ground to enemies’ competing brands.” 	small is beautiful will found this on the side of the road, and after he told me about it i begged him to show me. it’s tiny, rusty, and a little older than i expected. like a very, very small vw bus, it has a rear-mounted engine. i think it’s a subaru sambar, but that’s mostly based on the details i gleaned from the subaru article, which reveals that engine was probably air cooled, displacing ccs, and producing under hp. 	a shadow lifted, berlin’s smokestacks felled corey and i went to berlin to watch the stacks fall today, but bad weather, confusion, and some dud explosives conspired to leave me with no usable pictures of the event. we arrived early and lined up a perfect view of two out of three towers that were to be felled, but as the explosions started it became clear that i was mistaken about which smokestacks were being destroyed, and instead we had a really good view the one stack that was supposed to be left standing at the end of the day. 	mildly funny scenes i’ve come across recently not lmao, certainly not roflcopter-ingly funny, but funny enough to want to snap a picture, and good enough for casual friday here. the boat in the parking lot, ups vs. fedex, and hoe for hire are all easy enough to understand (though they leave me open to easy criticism). the fourth photo is of some books on an anonymous shelf: look closely at “library trends, ” and others. 	lessons in change from ford motor company i probably spend too much time considering competition and change management, but just as i figured i was done with it for the week, a comment from kathryn greenhill regarding model ts got me going again. just like railroads, those “any color as long as it’s black” model ts looked like freedom, until general motors showed the world they could get their cars in color and with curves. every car came with four wheels and an engine, and they’d drive you down the block and around town, but the moldy model t suddenly looked pretty old next to a sleek green chevrolet. 	onewebday have you thanked the internet lately? onewebday, our opportunity to celebrate “one web, one world, one wish” is just about a week away (though it falls on yom kippur). this video explains a bit and tim berners-lee is planning his own video (worth mentioning: his net neutrality post). if things work out, i’ll be posting a video too, even though i’ll likely be offline most of that day (not observing yom kippur, at a friend’s wedding). 	first they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you it’s an aside to kathryn greenhill’s larger point, that all this . stuff is about a shifting power to the user, but she places l somewhere on ghandi’s continuum of change between ridicule and fight. the photo above (original by monster) is in support of greenhill’s larger point: control is shifting. trains were once seen as icons of freedom, but that view changed with the development of the automobile — and the way it shifted control of routes and schedules from the railroad to the driver. 	playing with food like all well bred women, my mother always told me not to play with my food. however, as we get older we realize that sometimes ignoring the rules is just as important as, generally, following them. food is fun. it has wonderful tastes, smells, colors, and textures. something with so many wonderful attributes is just begging to be played with. for me, breakfast is not just the most important meal of the day, its also the most wonderfully yummy for one specific reason — maple syrup. 	jumping from airplanes a guy walked into the student newspaper office and asked “does anybody want to jump out of an airplane?” without a moment’s hesitation, i said “i’m your man.” it was only afterwards that i confirmed a parachute would be involved. well, that was ten years ago (can’t you tell, i look young — young!), but the video is still laying around and i just uploaded it to youtube. actually, this video has been through the wringer. 	hawkish is bush really so hawkish that he refuses to formally declare an end to the korean war? 	launch! a little more than two years after i realized how (really) bad the problem was and about months after i &lt;a href=;http://maisonbisson.com/post/ /wpopac-an-opac- -testbed&quot;&gt;prototyped my solution, our new library website, catalog, and knowledgebase launched last week — just in time for the fall semester opening. it’s all built on scriblio, includes a very simple new books list that you can narrow by subject and get via rss. and if you search for subject areas like anthropology, economics, english writing, or any of a few dozen other topics, you’ll find our librarians’ subject guides listed at or near the top to help you out. 	cliffy’s office prankd office pranks are a bit of a thing here. well, at least in it. last year matt took charge and put together a quartet of pranks that got the attention of the london daily mirror. this video is from a may prank that put a golf cart with fuzzy dice and bobble headed jesus in cliffy‘s office along with a vote bush sign and other things. he was mad, to be sure. 	add tags to flickr photos while uploading via email the short story is that you simply put “tags:” in the subject or body and anything that follows becomes a tag. it’s worth remembering that the subject of the email becomes the title and the body becomes the description. the longer story is at flickr. 	make it official before he forgets in a development that even foxnews couldn’t ignore, us attorney general alberto gonzales has resigned, he thinks. 	would princess diana have been a blogger? in an interview on npr, the diana chronicles author tina brown says “diana had represented feeling, and the end of the stiff upper lip,” but the princess comes off sounding a bit like a harbinger of the cluetrain. yes it’s all about the royals, the glamor, and her dramatic death ten years ago, but take note of this exchange: renee montagne: “the royal family is probably stronger than it was when she died. 	vicar’s delight hot weather demands cool drinks. lemonade is fine for the kids, but adults need a pitcher of something more entertaining. parts vodka part orange juice parts lemonade dash lime juice prepare in a pitcher with ice and share. adjust quantities to taste. enjoy safely. 	iphone unlocked if the news is to be believed, separate teams have found hardware and software-based solutions to unlock an iphone. it’s worth noting that all this is legal because of an exemption, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.onthemedia.org/transcripts/ / / / &rdquo; title=&quot;on the media: transcript of &ldquo;mobile malcontent&rdquo; (march , )&ldquo;&gt;much needed and hard fought. 	scratch-n-sniff hey, i’m a fan of that old book smell too, can i get some scratch-n-sniff stickers? 	meebome + pidgin = a match made in heaven meebome + pidgin (formerly gaim) = a match made in heaven. (via.) 	color blind safe web design check etre‘s colour check. 	a good day to land the shuttle? a hurricane, high crosswinds at the landing site, a nitrogen leak, and two damaged tiles. watch the shuttle land live on nasa tv. 	allagash wilderness, maine will, jon, joe, ted, and i arrived at telos landing with plans to run the allagash wilderness waterway. as we prepared to embark, the park ranger appeared with a tape measure and told us our kayaks weren’t canoes. section . of the allagash rules and regulations is quite clear: “a canoe is defined as a form of small watercraft long and narrow…. the width at the widest point shall not exceed % of the craft’s overall length. 	 , structurally deficient bridges about , vehicular bridges nationwide, and , are “structurally deficient.” sources: national bridge inventory compiled by the u.s. department of transportation, american society of civil engineers‘ infrastructure report card, and gannett. 	p ps’ panoramas shot with iphone i’m coming to learn that p ps has a number of interesting things going on, but it was his panoramas stitched from pictures taken by iphone that caught my attention first. above is the j train somewhere between fulton and city hall. i’d thought the iphone’s camera was pretty decent, p ps’ work shows it off. 	bad joke friday [innerindex] beginning of a bad day… i rear-ended a car this morning. i knew it was going to be a really bad day! the driver got out of the other car and i looked down and realized he was a dwarf!!! he looked up at me and said “i’m not happy!” so i said, “well then, which one are you?” and that’s how the fight started. our diets, our health a doctor was addressing a large audience in tampa. 	mac + cell phone + bluetooth + sms old instructions that connect the mac os x address book app to a phone via bluetooth from o’reilly and sillydog. once paired, the address book can initiate dialing, notify the user of incoming calls, and send sms texts. bluetooth texter sms widget, message net, and bluephoneelite all offer further tools to interact with your bluetooth-connected mobile phone. the list of compatible phones (bpe &amp; m n) offers some leads for those trying to make the connection. 	fuel economy: is diesel an option? in response to my previous kvetching about the scarcity of cheap fuel efficient cars, jwk commented that his golf tdi gets mpg (it’s rated for ). meanwhile, treehugger pointed out that volkswagen’s polo bluemotion gets mpg (volkswagen uk claims the current polo hatchback gets up to mpg in diesel (i assume that’s about mpg in us measures), and treehugger points out the mpg loremo ag). 	iphone + newton + emate pr n {#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link} {#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link}{#set_thumb_link_ .image_link} it’s likely phil carrizzi could make a broken tire iron look good, but his series of the iphone with the newton message pad and emate is geek-sweet eye candy. 	i want a cheap fuel efficient car i’m looking for a new car, but i’m finding that the market for cheap and fuel efficient cars is no better now than it was in . i drive about miles round trip to work (all highway), so i’m looking for the best available highway fuel economy. i can drive a standard, but sandee can’t, so we’ll need automatic. i like small cars, but no so much that i want to pay a lot for one. 	moving a subversion repository i foolishly just moved a subversion repository by importing the contents of a current checkout into a new repository. wrong. a friend pointed out these instructions that make it easy and preserve the revision history. here’s the trick: svnadmin dump /path/to/repository &gt; repository-name.dmp and svnadmin load repository-name &lt; repository-name.dmp [tags]svn, subversion, move, repository[/tags] 	castro sued for wrongful death of cia operative, guantanamo bay prisoners taking notes the bangor daily news is reporting a maine woman has sued fidel castro for her father’s death. sherry sullivan of stockton springs accuses fidel castro, his brother raul, the cuban army, and the republic of cuba for the wrongful death of her father, who has been missing and assumed dead since he was last seen at a mexican airstrip in . according to the lawsuit, from until their disappearance, sullivan and rorke participated in numerous covert anti-castro operations in central america and cuba. 	chocolate white chocolate chip cookie and vanilla bean ice cream sandwiches so once again, my husband called on my assistance with a friday food fiesta challenge. this week’s theme was cookies and biscuits. i scoured my pantry, but alas, like old mother hubbard, my cupboards were practically bare. the one interesting thing i did have was a bag of hershey’s white chocolate chips. so, between my meager rations and a quick trip to our town’s tiny market for butter, i cobbled together the ingredients needed to make the chocolate, white chocolate chip cookies on the hershey wrapper. 	is it that they don’t care? or just don’t want it from us? &amp;tjessamyn asks “do library users care about our new initiatives?” it comes from a survey done by the wisconsin public library consortiumon one hand, if you interpret the results literally you could make a decision to reject technology and focus on building a collection around personal enjoyment for wisconsin residents. on the other hand, these same results may suggest that initiatives and library services need to be marketed in such a way that resonates with current conceptions of a public library. 	the fbi and irs are a series of accountants alaska senator ted—the internet is a series of tubes—stevens (mockingly so, listen) returned to find the fbi and irs searching his alaska home. 	iphone complaints cliff and vasken wrote up some link bait complaining about how the iphone doesn’t meet their expectations or is a lesser competitor to a crackberry. but i challenge them to find a device that offers what they say is missing or even matches what the iphone has. still, i’ve been using mine for a month now, and i can say there are few things it’s missing or could do better. 	ingmar bergman dead at swedish film director ingmar bergman is dead at . the local calls his work immortal, as did many of his colleagues. until now i’ve been misremembering the title of one of his movies as three smiles of a summer night, a romantic comedy. i’d say that most of his works i’d seen were depressing and that smiles was one of the few that wasn’t. but i couldn’t even remember the title properly, so perhaps i should keep that to myself. 	sour cream berry bread my wonderful neighbor, wendy, went berry picking and dropped me off a large container with luscious, fresh blueberries and raspberries. i decided to try a bit of an experiment and use the batter for one my favorite cakes with the berries. the result was this heavenly sour cream berry bread. preheat oven to degrees. grease and flour an -cup loaf pan. melt tablespoons of salted butter, pour into a large bowl, let cool. 	what is that thing kent wien posted this photo of the tail of a boeing showing what looks like the exhaust end of a turbine. i had to ask what it was all about, and kent explained: ahh, very good question! there actually is an engine back there. it’s the apu (auxiliary power unit) and it’s what keeps the airplane cool on the ground without being plugged into the gate. it also provides electrical power and high pressure air that starts the engines after we push back from the gate. 	poet-bot doug savage‘s take on frost. 	iphones around the world a long time ago somebody started the newtons around the world gallery, and it came to symbolize the love we newton users had for the little device as well as our geeky pride. the trend seemed to continue with ipods around the world, and now ilounge wants to start a gallery for the iphone. i was about to submit when i noticed the legal fine print: by submitting, you agree that all photographs, and private information you submit are entirely yours at the time of submission, become the property of ilounge upon submission, and that you have not submitted and will not submit such images to any other contests. 	iphone troubled, replaced on thursday i had trouble answering a call. by friday night it was clear my iphone was seriously porked. a visit to the nearby apple store got me a swift replacement, and a promise that once i synchronized the new device it’d have all the info the old one did. hrm. well, the mac genius did ask if i had any photos i hadn’t offloaded, as those would be lost in the swap. 	liz danzico on wordpress usability liz danzico of happy cog studios spoke today about her consulting with automattic on the design of the wordpress admin interface. as with so many of the presentation today, i’m really hoping the slides will be published soon, as there are some great ideas coming out. liz spent a lot of time watching wordpress users at blog. at work, in cafes, and in their homes with coffee and cigarettes, liz saw real users of all types doing everything they do with wordpress. 	scriblio goes to wordcamp scriblio is based on wordpress, an open source content management system, and the community that uses, supports, and builds it is what makes it great. wordcamp started last year, when the community was about , , and it’s even more important now that it’s grown to nearly two million. the first day of the schedule focuses on how to better use the software, and included a great session by lorelle vanfossen. tomorrow is more technical, with discussions about performance, usability, and development. 	designing the obvious robert hoekman, jr is speaking now on designing the obvious, his book and philosophy: these principles include building only what’s necessary, getting users up to speed quickly, preventing and handling errors, and designing for the activity. i just added the book to my must read list, but what i’m hearing here sounds like instructions to a sculptor: chip away all that is not david. 	calliope gazetas design calliope gazetas works for the fontshop and freelances under the name monsters. one of her projects includes skinning the burning man environmental blog. 	jason brightman design portfolio jason brightman’s work includes xxlmag. 	wordcamp wordcamp wordcamp i’m at wordcamp again. this time i dragged matt and zach with me. dan kuykendall, author of podpress, is first on the schedule, and i’m just now learning how he’s built in support for a variety of media types (more than mp ) and for premium content. those who showed up early got to pick over last year’s t-shirts. this year’s shirts are way different, having given up the somewhat cleaner and simpler design of that has characterized wordpress so far. 	peanut butter burger now matter how depressed i got in new orleans, i still had to eat. a tip from the ladies at molly’s on toulouse led me to yo moma’s with instructions to try their peanut butter burger. yes. peanut butter. on a burger. i was also told that if i don’t like mayo, i should tell them to hold it because they’ll put it on thick if i don’t. yes. peanut butter, on a burger with mayo. 	when you can’t say it in english… when you can’t say it in english, say it in german. 	the reconstruction of new orleans it wasn’t until after my presentation that i had a chance to see the city. and i have to admit it was so depressing that i’ve been having trouble writing about it. i have a sick interest in abandoned theme parks and the like, but seeing the neighborhoods of all classes so destroyed, the symbols marking search and rescue attempts, and the general vacancy of the city left me confused and uncomfortable. 	presentation: bringing the library to the user i’m at aall in new orleans as part of a program organized by june liptay and alan keely, speaking with u of r’s david lindahl and ncsu’s emily lynema. from the description (see page in the program): traditional library online catalogs are being marginalized in an increasingly complex information landscape. …better methods are needed for mining the wealth of information in library systems and presenting it clearly and concisely. 	yes it’s laughable, but… i get as frustrated with airport security as the next guy (and i’m plenty doubtful of its effectiveness), but really, if you don’t yet know liquids aren’t allowed, and you hold up the one security line at a small airport at an ungodly early hour, it’d be nicer if you didn’t laugh like a kid at a theme park about it. yes it’s farcical, but not funny. 	usage instructions &lt;img src=&quot;http://farm .static.flickr.com/ / _ce f .jpg&rdquo; width=&quot; &rdquo; height=&quot; &rdquo; alt=&quot;&ldquo;tear open packet and use&rdquo;&rdquo; /&gt; what’s really angering about instructions […] is that they imply there’s only one way […] their way. and that presumption wipes out all the creativity. actually there are hundreds of ways […] and when they make you follow just one way without showing you the overall problem the instructions become hard to follow in such a way as not to make mistakes. 	the rarin in librarian i’m going to violate my rule against linking to nyt (because) and give a shout out to this article. not just because it quotes my friend jessamyn, but for what it says: libraries are full of smart, hip people. [tags]library . , jessamyn west, new york times, libraries, hip, smart[/tags] 	essential iphone apps rush in [innerindex] games tilt, described in programmer joe hewitt‘s blog: …christopher introduced me to a very talented video game designer, nicole lazzaro, who had an endless stream of ideas for games that would use the iphone’s accelerometer. nicole’s ideas quickly ran into the limitations of the phone, as we discovered that the browser doesn’t rotate when you hold it vertically upside down, nor is it possible to distinguish the two horizontal orientations. 	whose technology is it anyway? i wasn’t planning on posting much about keen’s cult of the amateur, but i did. and now i find myself posting about it again. thing is, i’m a sucker for historical analogy, and clay shirky yesterday posted a good one that compared the disruptive effects of mechanized cloth production to today’s internet. yes, that’s actually the birth of the luddite movement, or at least where it got its name. and, though i was aware of the story, shirky’s study offered details i’d not know previously. 	ironic moments in law enforcement new hampshire’s deputy chief of liquor enforcement caught drunk driving. 	keen says i’m killing culture, byte by byte andrew keen‘s the cult of the amateur__; how today’s internet is killing our culture is getting a lot of attention from usually quiet corners of the web, and i’ve had to quell the urge to write a story under the headline “andrew keen tells youtubers to eat spinach.” keen’s argument rests on the belief that “culture” is the sole provence of established media, and falls flat as soon as you get past the bombast of the subtitle. 	why is pdf inferior to html? html and postscript are both page description languages, but one is designed to convey the look of the page, while the other to convey the meaning of its content. 	pinch me i’ve been away from my computer for a couple days, but very much online with my iphone. today, as i looked at something on my laptop in google maps i found myself trying to pinch and flick my monitor to manipulate the position and scale. 	felonious dancing naked == lewd lascivious conduct == felony crime. (better, however, than riding a gondola naked.) 	celebrate independence day with a drink ok, the truth is that at maisonbisson we celebrate all holidays with a drink. since we take cocktails quite seriously, i wanted something very pretty for the little fourth of july soiree we were having. i have found that the secret to a perfect strawberry daiquiri is using frozen strawberries. i also use lots of crushed ice and a ripe banana — it adds a nice creaminess. i garnished with whipped cream, blueberries, and star fruit. 	cold cucumber soup my beloved husband went off on a boy’s adventure weekend. this left me with the entire house and kitchen to myself. when this happens, i become a bit like a mad scientist left alone in my laboratory. so, it was just me, the cats, and that most dangerous invention, food network. after some house work, chick flicks, and visiting with my parents, i spent an hour putting away laundry and watching emeril. 	sweet bike sweet bike originally uploaded by misterbisson. sent from my iphone 	iphone accident big accident on highway leaving mall…was somebody unboxing their iphone while driving? 	so much sweetness in so small a package zero hour + minutes: the iphone rocks. 	 minutes to go minutes to go. guy from store: “being in line doesn’t guarantee you’ll get one.” 	two hours, people. two hours to go, people in line. 	blackout they just put up black vinyl over the windows and gate. the line has grown to about . still no word of quantity, but somebody shared a story that they asked “what happens if there are people in line?” the answer was supposedly: “even if they buy two we’ll have enough.” 	retail status check does your apple store have iphones? 	about the rumors are that the at&amp;t store here has about phones. nobody is talking about how many our apple store has. 	 people in line people in line. at least one is hoping to auction his, three are being paid, and nobody wants the cheap one. 	fake iphone pic at first believed, then quickly called out by the true believes in line this pic elicited gasps, then indignation. 	we’re loved, we share the love suited security guy with square jaw and angry expression grunts at us as he confirms plans with store manager. he’s from management, and though we couldn’t overhear much, we did realize he was headed off to the at&amp;t store next. all of us remained silent as we watched him stomp off in the wrong direction. 	waiting for iphone arrived at am to find four parties ahead of me. the first arrived at am, after repeatedly being chased out of the mall parking lot last night. 	june : tony day it’s tony day, not just because joe’s book has garnered some good reviews—“the only excuse for the continued existence of boxing is that its battles have occasioned some of the best writing any sport has ever inspired”—or because he likes telling the story. it’s tony day because “galento [is] a champion of everyone who’s ever gotten in over his head, shrugged, and said ‘what the hell? i’ll give it a shot. 	apple iphone vs. internet tablets sure, the iphone is a sweet phone (even at $ ), but how does it compare to the less definable internet tablet category? i’ve actually used a pepper pad and held an olpc in my hands (yes, they exist), but what i know about the nokia n (the successor to the n ) is limited to what i’ve been told. all four devices have feature-complete browsers and can take advantage of the rich web . 	presentation: faceted searching and browsing in scriblio i was honored to be a panelist at the lita/alcts ccs authority control in the online environment interest group presentation of “authority control meets faceted browse.” what is faceting? why is it (re)emerging in use? where can i see it in action? this program is intended to introduce the audience to facet theory, showcase implementations that use faceted approaches for online catalogs, and facilitate discussion on the relationship between structured authority data and this type of navigation. 	the iphone cometh; haters swarm some are calling it the jesus phone, but jason chen calls it a moral quandry, gartner group is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.techworld.com/mobility/news/index.cfm?newsid= &amp;pagtype=samechan&rdquo; title=;techworld.com - gartner warns it to avoid apple&rsquo;s iphone&quot;&gt;telling it to avoid it (really, because itunes is scary to enterprise), business . ’s joshua quittner is reminding the peeps it’s just a regular phone, and wayne smallman is whining that it doesn’t have a flash or telephoto lens. (humor alert: one of those is supposed to be funny, and another is supposed to be hilarious. 	presentation: transforming your library with technology [innerindex]part of the transformation track, transforming your library, and your library’s future, with technology, program coordinators alan gray and john blyberg (both of darien public library) described it like this: technology can transform your library and its services, as it is transforming the lives of your patrons. from do-it-now technology improvements to next-generation implementations, from software to sopacs, from in-your-face competition to over-the-horizon transformations, three accomplished experts will instruct, enlighten and challenge you to use technology to make your library more relevant to your patrons — today and tomorrow. 	iphone service plans and coverage? at&amp;t’s current (reasonable) voice and smartphone data plans offer minutes for $ and unlimited data for an additional $ , but previous reports about the iphone suggested that consumers should expect to pay $ /month for service, so we’re left to wonder what’s up. meanwhile, i’ve been asking at&amp;t users about their signal coverage. i’m on verizon now and enjoyed pretty solid coverage throughout dc, even underground. folks on at&amp;t, however, had spottier coverage, even above ground. 	“as dead as elvis” “the librarian as information priest is as dead as elvis,” needham said. the whole “gestalt” of the academic library has been set up like a church, he said, with various parts of a reading room acting like “the stations of the cross,” all leading up to the “alter of the reference desk,” where “you make supplication and if you are found worthy, you will be helped.” via. 	down the up escalator running down the up escalator = fun. landing upright = difficult. escalator, running, up, down 	an almost-manifesto masquerading as a presentation… context: below is the text of my virtual presentation to the lita bigwig (it stands for blogs, wikis, interest group, and stuff) social software showcase. the presentation is virtual, but the round table discussion is going on today, june rd, from : - : p.m. in the renaissance mayflower cabinet room. i won’t be there, though. my bad scheduling got me double-booked and i’m presenting in the transforming your library with technology track. 	cider drinks black adder = cider + guinness snakebite = cider + harp 	 th century information architecture one hundred years ago the country was in the middle of a riot of library construction. andrew carnegie’s name is nearly synonymous with the period, largely due to his funding for over , libraries between and , but architectural historian abigail van slyck notes that the late th century was marked by widespread interest in community development, with broad recognition of libraries as a means of promoting individual development. 	trains vs. seat belts i’m not saying i want seat belts, but it always takes me a moment to get used to them not being there on a train. 	the sky is falling myspace, second life, and twitter are doomed. 	the rules, [innerindex]web . has matured to the point where even those who endorse the moniker are beginning to cringe at its use. still, it gave me pause the other day when cliff (a sysop) began a sentence with “web . standards require….” web . is now coherent enough to have standards? we used to joke about rounded corners and gradient blends being the rule, but something more has indeed emerged. o’reilly defined web . 	google gears google gears: create web apps that work offline 	two books on a shelf… two books that just happened to be sitting next to eachother in the lc files: dlc . s xx dut _a _a . _a(ocolc) _adlc _cpbm _ddlc _apremarc _ad .n _br _atoonder, jan gerhard, _d - _ahet puin aan de rotte, _cdoor j. gerhard toonder. _aamsterdam, _ba. j. g. strengholt _c[c ] _a p. 	cake robed in chocolate and strawberries like so many women, there are days when my desire for chocolate is nearly overwhelming. however, perhaps because i am a tad high maintenance, my cravings are not satisfied by a mere candy bar. when i crave chocolate i want something rich, decadent, and freshly baked, i want chocolate cake. when one of these cravings coincided with finding the first of the year’s native strawberries i decided to combine the two, the result was the cake you see above. 	arm wrestling, dung throwing, lawnmower racing, and seed spitting i don’t know whether to thank the pheonix or the fair organizers for this great ad copy, but i hope the washington county fair is as good in as it sounded in : an agricultural fair featuring tractor pulls, stage shows, crafts, and livestock, plus games and children’s contests. adult events include arm-wrestling contests, dung throwing, lawnmower racing, and seed spitting. live country concerts every night. open wed through sat from am to pm, and on sun until pm. 	go together? just spotted: do hippie skirts and bluetooth headsets go together? 	star wars stamps found at post office star wars stamps found at post office. will the merchandizing ever end? 	flag day the us flag with all its stripes and a few of its stars was adopted by a resolution of the second continental congress in . but today, overpriced textbooks and underpaid schoolteachers have sanitized most of our history and hidden the early controversies while fluffing half-truths, leaving us unclear about what that flag really stands for. fortunately, this is america and we’ve got movies to tell us what our teachers didn’t. 	a three year high report: civilian and military death toll in iraq is up strongly after us “surge.” 	roy pearson sues custom cleaners roy pearson sues custom cleaners for $ million over lost pants. millions! pants! 	new hampshire ranks local pride: new hampshire ranks near the top of the list for quality of healthcare services, according to new report. 	climate change vs. budget planning just as climate change makes hurricanes more frequent and dangerous, noaa says its best tracking satellite is failing and there’s no plan to replace it until . 	desoto report leaked. desoto report leaked. the highest ranking un official in israel has warned that american pressure has “pummelled into submission” the un’s role as an impartial middle east negotiator in a damning confidential report. echos abound. 	the neocons were right, so far… the neocons were right so far: civil war is erupting throughout the middle east and iran is feeding the flames. is this really what we (or anybody) wanted? 	paralyzed paralyzed: they can blow our helicopters out of the sky, and now they’re [destroying the roads and bridges][ ]. are we prepared for [another surge in iraq][ ]? [ ]: http://www.plenglish.com/article.asp?id=% bb c ad- cbf- ab- b e- b a d % d)&amp;language=en [ ]: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ / / /no- -us-commander-in-ira_n_ .html 	installing mysql with yum how to install and configure mysql database server 	wordpress blogging by email the built-in tools don’t support secure pop , but gmail requires ssl pop . the fix? postie. 	carbon neutral living apm marketplace: news of a british model home. highly insulated, carbon neutral, just % more$. not just a demo, it’s going to be the law: all new uk buildings to must be carbon neutral by . economies of scale are said to reduce or eliminate the added cost by then. 	down for fifteen years straight, up like a rocket now after being down for fifteen years straight, milk consumption is up. up big, and prices are rising to meet it. 	stand alone appletv? new gb appletv. how far away are we from a standalone unit that can download from itunes store directly, sync ipods, and write to usb-attached burners? 	iphone apps = web apps; web apps = iphone apps wwdc: safari for windows!?!? leopard looks sweet, but delayed ’till october. iphone apps = web apps. 	the new plazes plazes, a kinda-cool, formerly networked-based geolocation tool has just been revamped. they’ve been promoting this change for over a month (i got a cool invite to the launch party, but couldn’t make the flight to germany), and they’re continuing the push now that it’s live. i’ve used the new service for a few days, the company has sent me an email soliciting feedback, i’m offering it. i submitted the following via the site’s contact form, but the message seems to have disappeared, and i prefer public discussion, so i’m reprinting it here: 	presidential candidates chasing rural votes? presidential candidates chasing rural votes? worth remembering that % of us libraries serve towns of , or fewer people. 	-fed r-fed defeated, k-fed mourns. 	missed the paper airplane contest… i missed the paper airplane contest in concord nh today!?!? 	ultimate frozen mud slide recipe who wouldn’t enjoy a frozen mud slide on a hot summer day? typical recipes call for crushed ice and cream or ice cream. for some reason, we decided to try making them from ice cream, from scratch. the maisonbisson frozen mud slide this recipe requires an ice cream maker, we used the deni scoop factory. . cups heavy cream cup milk cup sugar . cups bailey’s dash vanilla mix ingredients in bowl, then pour into ice cream maker’s freezer container. 	wheelchair ride mph wheelchair ride in michigan 	people invent funny words: schaedenfatte okay, now that we all know what a muffin top is, let’s learn about schaedenfatte: schaedenfatte: shaw-den-fah-tuh, etym. from the german, schaedenfraude. (n.) . the feeling of pleasure upon seeing someone for whom one once held unrequited romantic and/or lustful feelings who has now become fat. . the taking of such pleasure. with summer being the season of weddings (and, along with reunions, weddings being the place where people people who haven’t seen eachother for years cross paths…), i suppose you might also call it the season of schaedenfatte. 	students want libraries iblee points out that students want libraries. 	asdasd asdasd 	they vaccinate ducks… they vaccinate ducks against h n bird flu, but not enough. it’s active again in vietnam, where the first human case since has now appeared. 	regime change… why isn’t the us supporting regime change and democracy in packistan? we’ve given general perv us$ b in aid since ! 	queasy stomach bush gets queasy stomach when facing other world leaders at g . the poor fellow is being shamed by his peers. 	open source software and libraries; ltr . , finally the most selfish thing about submitting a manuscript late is asking “when is it going to be out?” so i’ve been waiting quietly, rather than trouble judi lauber, who did an excellent job editing and managing the publication. ryan and jessamyn each contributed a chapter, and i owe additional thank yous to the full chorus of voices that answered so many of my questions, participated in interviews, and generally made the book/journal/thing what it is. 	what’s up with police? “prosecuting a woman for ‘staring’ at a police dog is absurd,” said her lawyer. “people are allowed to make faces at police dogs and officers to express their disapproval. it’s constitutional expression,” said public defender kelly green, who represented jayna hutchinson. more: what’s up with police? 	this is the liberal media? what liberal media author eric alterman arrested, mocked at gop debates. 	poke your tech staff with sticks, and other ideas what a difference a year makes? jessamyn was among those sharing her stories of how technology and tech staff were often mistreated in libraries, but there’s a lot of technology in this year’s ala program (including three competing programs on saturday: the ultimate debate: do libraries innovate, social software showcase, and transforming your library with technology. and still, not all is well. ryan deschamps seems to have hit the button with a post from april of this year. 	 months libby to scoot in for months. is it enough? 	good for? “what is an atomic bomb good for?” 	easy mysql performance tips yes, i’m still trying to squeeze more performance out of mysql. and since small changes to a query can make a big difference in performance… here are two really easy things to be aware of: never do a count(*) (or anything *, says zach). instead, replace the * with the name of the column you’re searching against (and is hopefully indexed). that way some queries can execute entirely in the keycache (while * forces mysql to read every matching row from the table). 	what’s so bad? congressman sensenbrenner: “what’s so bad about shorter winters and global warming?” 	ironic: lightning strikes church steeple lightning struck the steeple of the saint john the baptist church in allenstown nh saturday. 	men at work… men at work lead singer has new album: “are you lookin’ at me?” 	biofuel: good idea, bad practice yes, gas prices are high, and gas doesn’t grow on trees (well, in geologic time it does), but that doesn’t mean that it’s a good idea to run on cars on corn, even if it does grow on, um, trees (yes, alright, cornstalks). i mean, people talk about photovoltaics being inefficient, but wow, think of how much energy it takes to turn a seed into corn, then turn that corn into ethanol and truck it to a gas station. 	the lawnmowers in ohio from associated press and wavy tv: police said a drunk man drove a lawnmower to a store about a mile from his house. they arrested him on his way home. dondi bowles, , of vermilion was arrested friday night as he drove the mower on a sidewalk. police said a breath test showed that bowles’ blood alcohol level was . percent, nearly twice the legal limit of . percent. 	industrialized transportation vs. individual choice thought: industrialized transportation first aggregated passengers onto railroads, the broke up into cars…technology empowered the individual, and they embraced it. 	wish alanis a happy birthday i’m wishing alanis morissette a happy birthday not just because we share a birth month and year, but because it’s a good reason to look back at her cover of my humps and get another smile. but, as long as we’re talking about events in june, we might as well remember that we’re now just days away from paris hilton’s retirement. 	youniversity “youniversity” 	big issue… huh, the nasa administrator doesn’t think global warming is big issue. what’s his stance on evolution? 	speedy php: intermediate code caching i’ve been working on mysql optimization for a while, and though there’s still more to done on that front, i’ve gotten to the point where the the cumulative query times make up less than half of the page generation time. so i’m optimizing code when the solution is obvious (and i hope to rope zach into giving the code a performance audit soon), but i’m also looking at optimizing how php works. 	bragging about my new office it’s taken a while (we moved in two months ago), but my new home office is finally usable. the big hurdle was my desk. i prefer to stand (or walk) while working, but there aren’t many desks for that, and those that are available are very pricey. so i put together the above from a recycled base, a matching pair of table tops from ikea, and some decorative wall-boxes that elevate the upper surface. 	books i now want to read… the problem with working on scriblio is that i end up running into so many interesting looking books. just this morning i discovered a number of recent acquisitions in the th century and th century subject feeds in my development instance (also available via rss). all of this is under active development, so those links may or may not work, and the site is definitely changing urls soon. 	street-level photos in google maps! thanks to ryan eby for tipping me to this. go try it out. whatever you think of them, they do keep delivering. i wonder if people will ask for stack-level photos of our libraries? 	burninator: kinetic sculpture never looked so hot this is what i get for not following gizmodo faithfully: flaming industrial art. they introduced it saying “do you enjoy fire? do you also enjoy very intricate rube goldberg machines? of course you do.” though a reader there exclaims: it didn’t do anything. for it to be a true rube goldberg doesn’t it have to accomplish some task, like cracking an egg or pouring a glass of milk or something? 	kids need bowling coaches, desperately there is little doubt that the great diversity of styles and techniques of bowlers from countries enjoying test match status has helped to shape the history of [the sport]. with the recent world-wide implementation of professional coaching schemes, which generally teach only one, or perhaps two optimal ways…, bowling could be in danger of losing its technical diversity. are we therefore on the verge of a new era in which the art of bowling is irretrievably lost? 	 harry potter finale out soon, does book embargo have details? 	student gets restraining order over facebook photo the associated press reports a composite nude posted to facebook has earned a unh student a restraining order: a university of new hampshire student got a temporary restraining order against another student who combined an image of her face with an explicit photo of another woman’s body, then posted the composite on his facebook page. a judge ordered owen sanborn, of laconia, to stay at least feet away from the woman and barred him from posting her “likeness or name on any internet site,” pending a final hearing. 	a fair(y) use tale from the chronicle: copyright law, a constant thorn in the sides of scholars and researchers, is generating a lot of public discussion this week, thanks in part to a new -minute video that parodies the law. “a fair(y) use tale” has been downloaded from youtube about , times since it was posted online friday. the video uses cuts from different disney films to mock copyright law as overly protective of the interests of copyright owners — disney among them. 	google to psyc profile users!?! there it is in the guardian: internet giant google has drawn up plans to compile psychological profiles of millions of web users by covertly monitoring the way they play online games. yep, “do no evil” google has filed a patent on the process of building psychological profiles of its users for sale to advertisers. details such as whether a person is more likely to be aggressive, hostile or dishonest could be obtained and stored for future use, it says… players who spend a lot of time exploring “may be interested in vacations, so the system may show ads for vacations”. 	redhat selinux gets in my way ack, my wordpress suffers connectile dysfunction on a fresh install of redhat ! not only did i get the above message, but dmesg was filling up with errors like this: audit( . : ): avc: denied { name_connect } for pid= comm=“httpd” dest= scontext=user_u:system_r:httpd_t:s tcontext=system_u:object_r:mysqld_port_t:s tclass=tcp_socket it turns out that i was getting stung by selinux, which is enabled by default in redhat . all the extra security is probably a good idea, if i knew how to configure it, but for the moment it was breaking a live site. 	surf ‘n turf salad my computer geek husband, who i do adore, joined a flickr photo group called friday food fiesta. a new theme is announced every friday, and everyone contributes a single photo that illustrates that theme. the first themes he contributed to were burgers and pizza, but when salads came up, he needed help. luckily for him, i love making salads. so casey, my husband, asked me to be his partner in crime and create a salad for him to photograph and submit. 	bringing up the cute quotient of this blog if you ever tire of the kittens on flickr, it turns out there’s no shortage of bunnies on youtube. 	are you a certified asshole? sure it’s a promo for his new book, but bob sutton is offering us all a chance to see if we’re assholes with the asshole rating self-exam (arse). after questions like “you secretly enjoy watching other people suffer and squirm” (hey, what’s wrong with a little schaedenfreud?) you’ll find yourself placed somewhere on the scale from possible liar to full-blown certified asshole. you don’t sound like a certified asshole, unless you are fooling yourself. 	customer relations done right rebekka guðleifsdóttir is one of my favorite photographers on flickr. her photos are amazing, and it’s clear a lot of people agree. that’s the easy part. then two problems arose: first rebekka discovered that somebody was selling her photos for profit, and she posted about it. the community was shocked, and angry. and then, and this is the second thing, flickr removed her post about it. and then the storm got worse. 	increased fuel economy, easy here’s an irony: i used to live in the country, a small town with fewer than residents, and i used to speed. now i live in the city, well, as much of a city as new hampshire can manage, and i’m driving slower. driving slower not just because manchester‘s traffic lights are on timers they leave me listening to crickets chirping at empty intersections while they blindly tick tick tick through the cycles before finally giving me the green (usually just as somebody arrives at the newly reddened light on the other street). 	wordpress . out wordpress . is out and available for download now! i’m excited because this version includes widgets (by default), some xml-rpc hooks to edit pages (so you don’t need my hacks), a switch to jquery from scriptaculous (matty got me excited about this), full atom support (enough of the different versions of rss!), and the ability to set your mysql character encoding (go utf- !). if that isn’t enough, . is planned for release in september. 	plasticlogic’s flexible e-paper display plastic logic is a developer of plastic electronics – a new technology for manufacturing (or printing) electronics. the plastic logic approach solves the critical issues in manufacturing high resolution transistor arrays on flexible plastic substrates by using a low temperature process without mask alignment that is scaleable for large area, high volume and low cost. this enables radical new product concepts in a wide range of applications including flexible displays and sensors. 	people ask me questions: web design software (or is it website management software?) the question: what’s a good user-friendly macintosh web development program? a friend called. she’s thinking of buying dreamweaver, but is afraid it will be overkill. she found frontpage to be easy and needs something similar. my answer: if the intent is to design individual pages on an unknown number of sites, then i don’t have a recommendation. if the intent is to build a site (or any number of sites), then i’d suggest looking at wordpress. 	wordpress strips classnames, and how to fix it wordpress . introduced some sophisticated html inspecting and de-linting courtesy of kses. kses is an html/xhtml filter written in php. it removes all unwanted html elements and attributes, and it also does several checks on attribute values. kses can be used to avoid cross-site scripting (xss), buffer overflows and denial of service attacks. it’s a good addition, but it was also removing the class names from some of the elements of my posts. 	it’s not about technology, stupid inside higher ed asks are college students techno idiots? slashdot summarized it this way: are college students techno idiots? despite the inflammatory headline, inside higher ed asks an interesting question. the article refers to a recent study by ets, which analyzed results from , students who took its ict literacy assessment. the findings show that students don’t know how to judge the authoritativeness or objectivity of web sites, can’t narrow down an overly broad search, and can’t tailor a message to a particular audience. 	l.a. burdick’s cafe and chocolate my favorite place to eat in all of new hampshire is la burdick’s in walpole. it’s a chocolate shop and cafe and i’ve never had anything there that isn’t sinfully delicious. we took my mother-in-law there for mother’s day this year. we started the meal with their delightful cheese plate. this featured four cheeses in a range of intensities, a delightful fruit chutney, olives, seasoned nuts, and crackers. the cheeses were all wonderful and could be purchased at the market next door, many are by local artisans. 	sausage: the other ground hog the photo is from jessamyn, who declared it groan-worthy. i’m still grinning about it. reminds me of the time homer said “yeah, right lisa. a wonderful, magical animal.” 	sweet meatcake first it was meat hats, then supermodelmeat. now it’s meat cakes. yes. three layers of meat, with ketchup and potato frosting. it all happened when the groom announced that a man’s cake should be made of meat, ’cause “wedding cackes are all girly.” apparently a red velvet armadillo groom’s cake isn’t manly enough. funny thing, now there’s a growing gallery of meatcakes. (via.) 	wikipedia the wonder middlebury college banned it, but % of college students and % of college grads use it. twelve year olds point out errors in its competition, while those over are among its smallest demographic — just % (just! %!) say they’ve used it. it’s wikipedia, of course, and the numbers come from a recent pew internet project memo reporting that wikipedia is used by % of the online population and is one of the top ten destinations on the web. 	is automated metadata production really the answer? (it’s old, but i just stumbled into it again…) karen calhoun’s report, the changing nature of the catalog and its integration with other discovery tools, included a lot of things i agree with, but it also touched something i’m a bit skeptical about: automated metadata production. some interviewees noted that today’s catalogs are put together mainly by humans and that this approach doesn’t scale. several urged building or expanding the scope of catalogs by using automated methods. 	centos released at work i use red hat enterprise linux, but my personal stuff is served from machines running centos. both distros were just bumped to version , bringing with them support for current components of the lamp stack. i care because i want apache . . , and while it’s pretty easy to get mysql &amp; php on a centos/plesk box, apache . is a bit more of a struggle. gary sims at linux. 	leopard beta to be released at wwdc those of us hoping for an early release of mac os x . leopard might be disappointed to learn that apple will just be getting around to giving out a “feature complete” beta at wwdc in mid-june. if you really must have it, conference badges are $ , . the leopard beta. available first at wwdc. at the apple worldwide developers conference, we’re planning to show you a feature-complete version of mac os x leopard, and you can take home a beta copy. 	world’s hottest peppers tabasco thinks their peppers and eponymous sauce are hot. anybody who’s just ate a habanero thinks that’s a hot pepper. but earlier this year, paul bosland of new mexico state university said “damn, i’ve got a hot pepper.” and the guiness world records folks agreed. world&rsquo;s hottest pepper? bosland had identified the naga jolokia pepper and measured it at over one million scoville heat units, quite a bit more than three times the burn of a hot hot habanero. 	dewitt clinton on the birth of opensearch opensearch is a common way of querying a database for content and returning the results. the idea is that it brings sanity to the proliferation of search apis, but a realistic view would have to admit that we’ve been trying to do that since before the development of z . in libraries decades ago, and the hundreds of apis that have followed have all well intentioned and purposeful. so what makes makes opensearch something more than an also ran in a crowded herd? 	awkward moments in social software we all know social networking may be a feature, not an application, but one person’s feature can become another’s bane. so when netflix offers a handy friends feature that makes it easy to share your viewing history and recommendations, it opens itself up not only to the value of social interaction, but also the awkwardness it can sometimes be rife with. titration’s story is instructive: so i have this friend who has invited me to become her “netflix friend” twice now. 	david halberstam on competition speaking at uc berkeley’s school of journalism last month, david halberstam struck the chord of competition journalists must struggle with. as a newspaper man who started at the smallest newspaper in mississippi and worked his way up to the new york times, where he won a pulitzer for his reporting on the vietnam war, he learned that television’s constant stream of images offered “drama and excitement,” but perhaps incomplete reporting. not that he was criticizing tv, no, he praised it for bringing images and awareness into our living rooms nightly, raising questions among the viewing audience that “we [in newspapers] had the chance to answer if we used our skills properly. 	mysql error : temp tables and running out of disk space bam: mysql error , and suddenly my queries came to a stop. error is about disk space, usually the disk space for temp tables. the first thing to do is figure out what filesystem(s) the tables are on. show variables like “%dir%” will return a number of results, but the ones that matter are tmpdir and datadir. `show variables like “%dir%”; basedir / character_sets_dir /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ datadir /var/lib/mysql/ innodb_data_home_dir innodb_log_arch_dir 	miles hilton-barber flies blind from britain to oz i learned of it last night on the cbc’s as it happens: miles hilton-barber, blind since age , has flown from biggen hill, south of london, to gosford, outside sydney, by ultralight in a journey that took almost two months. aviation regulations required he take a sighted co-pilot, but in the as it happens story he explained how his instruments were geared up to give him audio and voice feedback such that he could do most of it on his own. 	php libraries for collaborative filtering and recommendations daniel lemire and sean mcgrath note that “user personalization and profiling is key to many succesful web sites. consider that there is considerable free content on the web, but comparatively few tools to help us organize or mine such content for specific purposes.” and they’ve written a paper and released prototype code on collaborative filtering. vogoo claims to be a “a powerful collaborative filtering engine that allows webmasters to easily add personalization features to their web sites. 	remixability vs. business self interest vs. libraries and the public good i’ve been talking a lot about remixability lately, but nat torkington just pointed out that the web services and apis from commercial organizations aren’t as infrastructural as we might think. offering the example of amazon suing alexaholic (for remixing alexa’s data), he tells us that apis are not “a commons of goodies to be built on top of for fun and profit, like open source software.” here are his “six basic truths of free apis:” 	boris yeltsin: the most colorful, drunk politician since churchill sure, clinton played his sax on tv, bush groped angela merkel, but boris yeltsin gave speeches drunk, tossed women into the water, danced on stage, and generally did all manner of laughable things. but he also turned back a hardline coup by jumping atop a tank and dragged russia kicking and screaming toward democracy. not since cigar chomping, scotch drinking winston churchill led britain through world war ii has the world had a more colorful leader. 	atomic test photos from los angeles this renewed talk of building nuclear weapons here in the us reminded me of an old report of photos of the sky glow from nuclear tests done in nevada seen over los angeles. this one includes the following description: atomic explosion, the largest yet set off on the nevada test range, was clearly visible in los angeles. staff photographer perry folwer was ready with his camera on a tripod on the roof of the herald-express building when the blast occurred at : a. 	nukerator, we’re nukrawavable will, cliff (both above), and i recorded this song in one take in late . though, calling it a “take” is overstating it. we were beyond silly drunk and lacked any talent for the task, but we had a mic in front of us, a guitar, and a willingness to open our mouths and let something — anything — fly out. it wasn’t until will said “this song is called nukerator” that we knew what we were supposed to be singing about. 	csi jumped the shark i’m a newcomer csi: crime scene investigation, i started watching it with season six while suffering a flu that immobilized me for what seemed like a week or more. dumb with illness, i went searching for a diversion at the itunes store and stumbled into the series. i had the entire season downloaded quickly; it took me two marathon days to watch them all. i got hooked. now i’m following season seven, again via itunes. 	how to: zip files on mac os x it couldn’t be much easier. i’d previously posted command line instructions, but it turns out that there’s a huge number of people who don’t know the easy way: just ctrl-click on the file and select “create archive…” you’ll also find the option in the file menu. either way, you’ll end up with both the original and a zipped copy. decompressing that zip — or any other — is as simple as double-clicking it. 	ncaa set to ban text messaging between recruiters and high school students college sports are big business, so recruiting student athletes is big business. the ncaa limits the times coaches and recruiters can call or visit athletes, but text messages are all fair game. for now. the chronicle of higher education explained in an october story: before chandler parsons committed to play basketball for the university of florida, his cellphone buzzed more than times a day with text messages from college coaches. 	are we there yet? still waiting for decent ipod car integration even bob borchers, apple’s senior director of ipod worldwide product marketing, calls most ipod car setups an “inelegant mess of cassette adaptors and wires.” indeed, while apple aparently doesn’t want to get into the car audio business, they do want to improve the in-car ipod experience: what apple really wants you to buy is a car that’s designed from the ground up to interface with the ipod,” the web site said. 	please, not another wiki ironic secret: i don’t really like most wikis, though that’s probably putting it too strongly. ironic because i love both wikipedia (and, especially, collabularies), but i grit my teeth pretty much every time i hear somebody suggest we need another wiki. putting it tersely: if wikis are so great, why do we need more than one of them? i think my concern is that wikis appear to depend on either very large or very, very active communities. 	claims of prior art in verizon/vonage patent infringement case vonage has been saying verizon’s patent claims are overly broad for some time, but now people have dug up some prior art. one of the patents verizon is complaining about is # , , , what they call an “enhanced internet domain name server.” in short, it’s all about linking phone numbers to ip numbers, and jeff pulver says he was doing that in with free world dialup, an early, noncommercial voip service. 	the high cost of innovation: vonage’s patent woes vonage will be in court again tomorrow defending itself against verizon’s claims of patent infringement. the innovative voip company had lost the trial and was ordered to pay $ million in damages in early march, when a jury found them to have violated thee of seven related patents held by verizon. vonage appealed of course, but it’s uncertain if the company, which has yet to turn a profit, has the stamina for a drawn out battle. 	eco-friendly web design for earth day mark ontkush at ecoiron did some math starting with the department of energy data that showed crt monitors consume less power displaying dark colors than light and determined that redesigning google’s site in black would save megawatt-hours per year (assuming that % of computer users still haven’t upgraded to lcds and are using power-hungry crts). the results were so dramatic he redesigned his own site and developed a low wattage palette that uses only about three or four watts more than a completely black screen (white is to be used only as a text or accent color). 	“i want my money” my nephew checked his email while he was here this morning and this was the first thing in his inbox. maybe it’s because he’s and my humor is at about the same level, but both of us were cracking up over it. miserable attempt at recovering my dignity with serious criticism: will farrell and landlord prove there is no meaning (or humor) without context. would it be as funny without will farrell (with full afro! 	reminder: paris hilton to retire in days amid all the “zomg paris hilton is pregnant!” rumors, it’s worth remembering that the girl famous for doing nothing (except repeatedly having her racy photos and video leaked) is retiring in two months. yep, on june th , paris is give up on public life. at least that’s what she said in newsweek: she’s certainly managed to turn herself into an icon and a conglomerate for essentially being a party girl—that is, for doing nothing. 	deloreans are back in this future if the delorean looks at all like a lotus esprit, it should. both of them were designed by giorgetto giugiaro, and much of the engineering work was done by lotus founder colin—to add speed, add lightness—chapman. amusingly, john de lorean also owned a company that manufactured snowcats under the dmc name. owners and wannabes can join the fun at the delorean motor company open house, being held june — in humble, texas. 	moveon: we can’t afford bad song parodies in yet another lesson about how a bad joke in front of one audience can trouble a larger public, moveon wants mccain to know bombing iran is no laughing matter. music and bombing, it could be said, really only go well together when joined in criticism. 	wordpress, permalinks, mod_rewrite, and avoiding s i made a mistake in changing my wordpress permalinks, but by the time i’d discovered it my blog had already been indexed. fixing the permalinks meant breaking those indexed urls, leading to a bad user experience, but leaving them as is wasn’t really an option. last night, after getting ’d while using google to search my own blog, i realized i had to do something. first i looked at apache mod_rewrite and the url rewriting guide (as well as this cheat sheet from ilovejackdaniels), then, frustrated, i found some items in the wordpress codex, including this one about conflicts between . 	some needs, some of the time i don’t know why i love this quote from a post in panlibus: serve some needs of some parts of the population, some of the time …though my love for the quote may have something to do with my embrace of what opensearch creator dewitt clinton describes as the “ % case,” the solution that would work for the great majority of applications most of the time. it’s one of those things that’s easy to see in retrospect, but difficult to aim for: building a tool that is specific enough to be useful, but not too specific. 	joost brings television to the internet age (finally) on demand internet tv has been just around the corner since the dawn of the popular internet, but like flying cars, it’s still not here. the problem is how tv streams clog the internet’s tubes. bandwidth may be cheap, but there’s still never enough of it. well, that’s true if your metaphor for the internet is a hub and spoke system. not so if you think of it as a mesh. 	usability, findability, and remixability, especially remixability it’s been more than a year since i first demonstrated scriblio (was wpopac) at ala midwinter in san antonio. more than a year since ncsu debuted their endeca-based opac. and by now most every major library vendor has announced a product that promises to finally deliver some real improvements to our systems. my over-simplified list said that our systems failed us in the categories of usability, findability, and remixability, and now people are asking me what i think about what i’ve seen from the vendors so far. 	my boston library consortium presentation speaking thursday at the boston library consortium‘s annual meeting in the beautiful boston public library, my focus was on the status of our library systems and the importance of remixability. my blog post on remixability probably covers the material best, but i define it as: remixability is the quality of a system or data set to be used for purposes the original designers or owners didn’t predict or intend. 	bsuite bug fixes (release b v ) [innerindex]work on bsuite is progressing well, thanks to help from zach and matt, who are collaborating with me on completely rearchitecting how stats are collected and reported. this, however, is not bs . it’s a transitional release intended to fix some bugs in b and make upgrading easier. this upgrade is recommended for all current bsuite users and new users. bsuite features tracks page loads (hits) tracks search terms used by visitors ariving at your site via search engines reports top-performing stories via a function that can be included in the sidebar reports recent comments via a function that can be included in the sidebar reports top search terms via a function that can be included in the sidebar outputs a pulse graph of activity on your site or specific stories lists related posts at the bottom of the current post’s content suggests posts that closely match the search criteria for visitors who arrive via search engines integrates bsuite_speedcache does some stuff with tags fixed/changed/added as mentioned above, a huge-but-invisible feature here is that this version includes some pieces that will make it easy to transition to the new plugin. mysql errors while creating the tables should now be fixed. it’s my shame that these have persisted so long. the plugin now “rebuilds the tags table” as soon as you activate it. this is a good thing, but if you’ve got a huge number of posts (or a really short max execution time) it might cause a problem (please leave a comment if it does). the related posts feature now works even if you aren’t tagging your posts. if there are no tags, the post’s title is used as a search string. this list is probably incomplete and in some other way inaccurate. it’s not intentional, i’m just sloppy. please leave comments with bug reports or corrections, i’ll do what i can to fix them. finally, i’m now hosting the download on a new server, so it won’t be subject to .mac’s bandwidth consumption limits. 	is the moller skycar a fraud? will i ever get my flying car? a recent comment here reminded me to check in on our options for flying cars, now at least seven years overdue. it turns out that moller international, the folks developing the m skycar aerodyne, are accepting deposits: as a result of the recent successful hovering flights of the m skycar, moller international is accepting deposits to secure delivery positions for our m skycar until after the skycar has flown from hover to full aerodynamic flight and returned (transitioning flight). 	yep, skulls are office products, brains not included i don’t know what’s funnier, that amazon sells skulls (just $ , get one now!), or that they’re classified as “office products.” extra: more office weirdness in this video. 	i’m a fonero, are you a fonero too? now that i’ve moved i’ve finally set up my fonera. i had hoped to offer a story about the process, but it was so simple i can’t really say much more than “i plugged it in, i registered it, it worked.” the fonera is a tiny little router/wifi access point that looks worlds better than the average linksys/netgear/belkin job, but the real sweetness is in what it does that they don’t do. 	google mymaps and georss o’reilly’s where . conference isn’t until the end of may, but google just released two sweet new map-related features: georss support and mymaps. the georss support means that any application that can output it’s geocoding — as simple as &lt;georss:point&gt; . - . &lt;/georss:point&gt; — can now be linked to a live map with no more effort than it takes to paste the feed url into google maps’ search box. google holds this up as the exemplar, but i’m a fan of the cheese photo map here. 	twitter twitter anti-twitter my own feelings about twitter have gone back and forth across indecision street for a while, and despite a moment of excitement it’s still not part of my life-kit. so i was amused to see blyberg pointing out kathy sierra’s poo-poo-ing of twitter. ironically, services like twitter are simultaneously leaving some people with a feeling of not being connected, by feeding the fear of not being in the loop. by elevating the importance of being “constantly updated,” it amplifies the feeling of missing something if you’re not checking twitter (or twittering) with enough frequency. 	dawn of the citizen professor? it should be no surprise that journalists are talking about citizen journalism, but what of the disintermediation of other industries? man-on-the-street mark georgiev told marketplace: i didn’t want a certificate, i didn’t want any kind of accreditation, i really just wanted the knowledge. and i also wanted to work at my own pace. georgiev, the story explains, has a masters from yale but wanted to learn programming. that’s when he found foundations of software engineering in mit’s opencourseware. 	pranks international matt tells us the office pranks he masterminded a couple weeks ago got reported in saturday’s daily mirror (scan above): joker matt batchelder had the last laugh after he was left out of an office conference trip. alone at his desk for a week, the snubbed computer geek dreamed up a series of pranks to greet his boss and three colleagues as they returned… on april fool’s day. 	cut and paste is a skill too [update: keith pointed out that my small disclaimer at the end isn’t clear enough. this post is copied, stolen, cut and pasted in its entirety from keith’s blog, istp dad. i was glad to learn of the story, and this was meant to be ironic and funny.] an editorial in the washington post is explicit about a topic close to my heart: students think plagiarism is fine, and teachers (high school? 	moving and shaking and shimmy-ing it’s sort of late by now, and others have been offering their congratulations to me for a while (thank you, thank you, thank you, thank you), but i only just got the paper copy myself and this morning had a chance to browse the list. mover &amp; shaker alumnus john blyberg asked me if i preferred moving or shaking better, but now that i’ve seen the names and read the profiles, i can say i’m just proud to be among such a distinguished group. 	[good|bad] covers: my humps, interpreted by alanis morissette i’m one of those guys who almost never actually hears the lyrics to the music that’s playing constantly. then somebody covers the song in a beautiful-but-ridiculous way, and i finally clue to them. example: tori amos’ cover of smells like teen spirit. now i hear alanis’ interpretation of the black eyed peas my humps, and i realize that, while not meaningless, it’s on par with lene alexandra’s current single. does it make me old to say that bad grammar in lyrics hinders my understanding of them? 	economics of open source two fairly old papers on the economics of open source. the news recently has been that open source allows companies to bring in better, more innovative talent and saves marketing costs, but these papers are interesting nonetheless. the simple economics of open source: the nexus of open source development appears to have shifted to europe over the last ten years. this paper explains why this trend undermines cultural arguments about “hacker ethics” and “post-scarcity” gift economies. 	“smart networks” are a stupid-bad idea this story in mit technology review scares me. instead of letting all computers within the network communicate freely, ethane is designed so that communication privileges within the network have to be explicitly set; that way, only those activities deemed safe are permitted. “with hindsight, it’s a very obvious thing to do,” mckeown says. no matter how obvious it seems, it’s still a really bad idea. it’s hard to imagine a world without the internet now, which makes it especially easy to dismiss the critical features that made it possible. 	sweet vespa scooter with sidecar on ebay greenstemstudios is selling a sweet-looking vespa with sidecar. in gleaming cinder red and house of kolar black, riding on white wall continentals, “the scooter gets to miles to the gallon and can easily maintain mph even with the sidecar attached.” the starting price is $ , . i’m plenty happy with my scooter, but this is very tempting. 	emi and apple/itunes to offer drm-free music downloads following steve jobs’ ant-drm post, people began to wonder if apple was just pointing fingers or really willing to distribute drm-free music via their online store. yesterday we learned the answer. apple and emi announced yesterday they would offer drm-free bit aac premium downloads, priced at $ . each. 	bisson tower siezed with plenty of moving help from zack, matt, cliff, justin, jon, will, and karen, bisson tower went from empty to full quickly enough that we all had plenty of time to sit around and enjoy the lunch sandee cooked up, then retire to the roof with cocktails. the cats were traumatized by it all, but i’m happy to be done with construction and finally be able to enjoy the new place, with all its quirks. 	web based genealogy software interesting, a lamp solution that promises “the next generation of genealogy sitebuilding.” it does pretty charts and pages, and as any web app should, makes it easy to edit or add information. but it also makes me wonder if there’s an xfn attribute to indicate parent/child relationships. could our work on network identity and social software solve this? 	for april fools… those looking for this year’s april fools gags should look at the office pranking from last week (pictured above). this blog will henceforth be very serious. not. 	dance around the world among the pop-culture viral videos i apparently missed is matt harding‘s dancing. i had to turn to wikipedia for an explanation: harding was known for a particular dance, and while videotaping each other in vietnam, his traveling companion suggested he add the dance. the videos were uploaded to his website for friends and family to enjoy. later, harding edited together dance scenes, all with him center frame, with the background music “sweet lullaby. 	whoosh boom splat bill gurstelle thought the exploding balloons were as funny as i did, and now i understand why: the contributing editor of make magazine knows his way around improvised munitions. he also knows youtube videos of oppressed geeks getting back at the man with potato guns is a good marketing ploy for his audience. whoosh boom splat appears to be his latest book. amazon doesn’t let me look inside, but how can you go wrong with projects like these? 	who will be first to put a metronaps pod in their library? metronaps started business in with a boutique in nyc’s empire state building, selling minute naps for $ bucks. the company has slowly been opening franchises around the world, but metronaps co-founder arshad chowdhury says overwhelming interest from office folks who wanted to install the pods on-site as an employee perk. so the company redesigned the pods to fit through the smaller doors common to office environments (trust me, retail doors are big), and has started selling direct. 	apis are big business programmableweb pointed out an informationweek story that claimed % of amazon’s sales in early were attributable to amazon affiliates. and c|net claims amazon now has , aws developers (up from the , amazon was claiming about a year ago). (note: not every amazon affiliate/associate is an amazon web services (aws) developer, but amazon hasn’t shared more specific numbers.) these slides, from amazon’s aws developer relations team explain a lot about what aws is. 	office prankd! when ken, zach, dan, and dee all went off to a conference without matt, al, cliff, tim, laurianne, and me (but especially matt), they had to assume something would happen in their absence. something. and it did. to each one of them in turn. , square feet of tinfoil covered everything in ken’s office. , post-it notes were tiled over everything in zach’s. cups (many had water in them) covered dan’s floor and desk. 	idm, openid, and attribute exchange the conversation on code lib about openid reminded me to finish a draft i’d started at identity future on the topic. the short of it is that marc canter says that single sign-on is good, but “we need the attribute exchange to make this thing really take off.” then all the skeptics will realize that the authentication layer had to come first – but was just a first step. along the way we’ll figure out standards for user intrerface and usage flow. 	japanese lessons from william rowe: zetcho = the apex of the mountain tonsei = to shave one’s head and forsake the world i learned the literal meaning of “karaoke” early last year. 	heavy skies newley purnell pointed me at this astronomy picture of the day by antti kemppainen: sometimes the sky itself is the best show in town. on january , people from perth, australia gathered on a local beach to watch a sky light up with delights near and far. nearby, fireworks exploded as part of australia day celebrations. on the far right, lightning from a thunderstorm flashed in the distance. near the image center, though, seen through clouds, was the most unusual sight of all: comet mcnaught. 	world’s smallest horse thumbelina is smaller than a decent dog. so small, in fact, that the guinness folks — no, not those guinness folks — recognize her as the smallest. from boing boing: thumbelina is the world’s smallest horse. she weighs lb and is five years old. she was born on a ranch that specializes in breeding miniature horses. she is thought to have dwarfism, which makes her even tinier. but she’s not alone. 	spring! spring flowers! uploaded from before the days when flickr would keep the original size photos, this is one of my favorite, most spring-y shots. and with weather like we’re having here now — ° in northern new hampshire! — it’s very appropriate. 	my personal crisis of digital preservation for a long time i was a big fan of dantz retrospect backup. for while i was so committed that i would do an incremental backup of my laptop and most every other computer in my house every day, but i’ve been using it one way or another since or or so. all those backups have added up, and they’ve even saved me a couple times. i wish, of course, that i’d been using it previously, when my laptop was stolen in , or when my hard drive failed catastrophically in . 	uc berkeley proud of powerpoint bob gaskins, a former berkeley ph.d. student, conceived powerpoint originally as an easy-to-use presentation program. he hired a software developer, dennis austin, in to build a prototype program that they called “presenter,” later changing the name to powerpoint for trademark reasons. powerpoint . was released in for the apple macintosh platform; later that year gaskins’s company forethought and the program were purchased by microsoft for $ million. the first windows and dos versions of powerpoint followed in . 	nyt struggles to find young audience, online audience, audience the new york times last week announced that it’s giving away timesselect to students and faculty that hold a .edu email address. timesselect, of course, is the paid access site that debuted in january to a confused and critical web. editor and publisher repeated the times’ claim that they’re doing this for the good of democracy: “it’s part of our journalistic mission to get people talking on campuses,” says vivian schiller, senior vice president and general manager at nytimes. 	snow spider karen found this spider in the snow yesterday when she wasn’t running for the camera. will spied several more, all moving laboriously over the crystalline landscape. none of us had ever seen spiders on snow before, but it’s likely we’d never looked. 	charlie the unicorn meg was never shy about asking me what rock i was found under when i stunned her with my complete ignorance of major pop culture touchstones, so i put my mind to it and after significant remedial work i thought i’d caught up. but, no. i’d not seen this video and only discovered it when blyberg pointed at it as an icon of network-enabled pop culture. the candy mountain video has been circulating for almost a year now and it’s a prime example of how network effects are allowing society to disseminate, in this case, popular culture, and ultimately the bulk of information deemed “important” by our fellow citizens 	snow thrower in my favorite action photo since will cut a woody, karen hit the snow with fury. 	i missed lebowski fest!?!? as usual, beatnikside had to tell me what i missed: lebowski fest. it looks like everybody was there. the dude jeffrey lebowski, theodore donald ‘donny’ kerabatsos, walter sobchak, maude lebowski, bunny lebowski, the rich jeffrey lebowski with no legs, and his lacky brandt. and don’t forget jesus quintana or treehorn’s thugs. and certainly don’t forget nihilists uli kunkel, karl hungus, kieffer, and franz. 	twittter twittter twittter ryan tried to tell me about it a month ago, jessamyn gets the idea but uses facebook instead, dewitt fell for it, ross said it tipped the tuna, and now i’m finally checking twitter out. i signed up yesterday and immediately went looking for ways to connect twitter, plazes, and ichat. tweet is an applescript that works with quicksilver (a launcher) and twitterrific (a desktop twitter client) to make updating even easier. 	oss saves marketing costs, protects business va linux founder larry augustin on oss in augustin’s view open source development became a necessity in the s when the cost of marketing a program came to exceed the cost of creating it. “my favorite is salesforce.com. in they spent under $ million in r&amp;d and over $ million in sales and marketing. that doesn’t work.” “open source enables people to reach all those customers. it’s a distribution model. 	beyonce and swimsuits not appropriate for librarians my ala email newsletter arrived today with this story: sports illustrated decides libraries don’t need swimsuit issue librarians on publib and other discussion lists discovered in the first week of march that none of them had received the february “swimsuit issue” of sports illustrated. inquiries to publisher time warner eventually resulted in a statement from spokesman rick mccabe that the company had withheld shipment of that issue to some , libraries and schools because for years the magazine had received complaints it was too risqué. 	linux leads on world’s top supercomputers the real map of the world’s top supercomputers isn’t nearly as us-centric as my screenshot suggests, but the operating system stats are seriously tilted toward linux. over of the top supercomputers in the november report run some form of the free operating system. generic “linux” leads the pack, but redhat and suse are the two most named distributions. non-free operating systems include ibm’s aix, hp-ux, and macos x. 	spam getting more personal? the viagra and cialis knock-offs being pushed in so much of the spam i get may be directed at things the recipients feel very personally about, but the message itself has never been personal. well, it had never seemed personal to me, anyway, until now. clay shirky pointed out what i’ve started to see, and wonder about, myself: many of the subject lines in the spam i’ve received recently sound familiar, and plausible as a real message. 	the future of library technology is free, cheap, and social delicious = endoeavor’s course content integrator opensearch = metasearch flickr = digital collections management 	damn daylight saving doesn’t save npr covered it like an eclipse or astronomic curiosity, and did little to question the claimed energy saving benefits. but, as michael downing asks in spring forward, how can something understood by so few be done by so many? and why go through this twice annual madness? supposedly, we subject ourselves to the rule of time to conserve oil, but even the most wildly optimistic predictions suggest only a % drop in consumption. 	firecrackers for troops via npr this morning: a michigan man strapped more than , firecrackers onto himself, and lit the fuse. john fletcher publicized it as an effort to support u.s. troops. it was an event to collect cell phones for soldiers. the daily press and argus, in livingston county, mich., shows fletcher standing calmly as the firecrackers explode. afterward he did say he needed some tylenol. livingstondaily.com has has video as well as photos of the fiery seconds of firecracker fury, which worked out a whole lot better than this other soldier-related firecracker stunt. 	 : a torrent of awesomeness or just too much? so, is really the “torrent of blood and awesomeness” that matt says it is (and the preview supports), or does it run out of steam as npr’s film critic, kenneth turan, suggests? unless you love violence as much as a spartan, quentin tarantino, or a video game playing teenage boy, you will not be endlessly fascinated. the problem is that the visual panache that made snyder an acclaimed director of commercials works better for second spots than two hour features. 	and he-man screams from the top of his lungs “what’s goin’ on” the what’s up? cover would be funny enough on its own, with the he-man video it’s golden. now, you know you want to sing along with the chorus. go for it, here are the lyrics: and so i wake in the morning and i step outside and i take a deep breath and i get real high and i scream from the top of my lungs &ldquo;what&rsquo;s going on? 	charges put internet radio on pause in early the copyright arbitration royalty panel (carp) set royalty rates for webcasters that were twice as high as for regular radio broadcasts. the library of congress reset those rates in late summer (yes, the loc oversees those things). now it’s , and the riaa is at it again. techdirt reports the copyright royalty board is adopting royalty rates the riaa has been asking for, “and making them effective retroactively to the beginning of — meaning that many small independent webcasters are now facing a tremendous royalty bill they’re unlikely to be able to afford. 	the true spirit of copyright i wrote to c|net, owner of techrepublic and builder.com, asking if i could quote their ten commandments of egoless programming in an issue of library technology reports journal on open source software for libraries and got the following canned response: thank you for your interest in including cnet content on your website. […] there would be licensing fee of $ . associated with use of the cnet logo or text excerpt on your website, or $ . 	ingenious and almost unusably different lars wirzenius’ linux anecdotes: in january, linus bought a pc. he’d been using a sinclair ql before that, which, like much british computer stuff, was ingenious and almost unusably different from everything else. 	dell tells linux users where to put it holy smokes. as dell’s sales slump and stock remains flat, the famously unimaginative company is trying to tap into the mob for ideas about what new shade of grey to deliver its hardware in next. and what did the dell ideastorm mob say? “give us linux!” “give us openoffice.” and how did dell respond? “no. no. and, no.” john naughton reports on the story for the guardian, explaining: 	waiting for mac os x . leopard with rumors of a march release of mac os x . leopard, swirling, zach asked what was promised that he should be excited about, so i went looking to jog my memory. the announced features include time machine automatic backup of all your stuff (with integration to make finding and restoring stuff in applications easy and sweet, watch the video already), as well as a big leap ahead for ichat. 	internet awesomeness diagram by matthew batchelder above, matthew batchelder’s diagram showing the correct relationship of the internet, awesomeness, ninjas, pirates, dinosaurs, zombies, robots, and gummi bears (though, where are the superheros you might ask). 	this guy can draw circles around you (and me) found at baekdal.com, where the author expresses some amount of whiteboard-skills envy. the video shows alex overwijk, head of glebe collegiate high school‘s math department (more trivia: alanis morrisette went there) drawing what appears to be a perfect circle. this is something i do in my spare time. i draw freehand circles and then i found out there was a world championship…it’s like winning the masters. once you win, you automatically get invited back every year. 	google apps and roadshow i was supposed to go to the what i think is a google apps roadshow this morning, but i was also supposed to be at code lib this weeks and be doing a dozen other things that didn’t happen. so, in lieu of that i’m reading up on the company’s first new business strategy since adsense. phil wainewright is skeptical, even mocking at the likely prospects for the premium package that google is offering for about $ per person, per year. 	links from ryan eby encyclopodia – the encyclopedia on your ipod geocool! – rasmus’ toys page ie and opensearch autodiscovery information management now: social tagging for the enterprise 	let me show you my credentials “i’m bruce pechman, the muscleman of technology, let me show you my credentials.” this is the instructional video that comes with the dynaflex powerball gyro. the fan videos on youtube have got nothing on this. just click play and prepare to laugh. will and i have been asking to see people credentials since he shared this with me a week ago. 	middlebury college vs. wikipedia middlebury college is proud to have taken a stand against wikipedia this year: members of the vermont institution’s history department voted unanimously in january to adopt the statement, which bans students from citing the open-source encyclopedia in essays and examinations. without entirely dismissing wikipedia — “whereas wikipedia is extraordinarily convenient and, for some general purposes, extremely useful…” — the decision paints it with a broad brush — “as educators, we are in the business of reducing the dissemination of misinformation. 	wwan update brings higher speed-mobile connectivity apple’s wwan support update . brings support for the following new cell carrier-based based networking cards (wwan = wireless wide-area networking): available on the cingular network novatel merlin xu expresscard (hsdpa) available on the sprint network novatel wireless merlin ex express card (evdo rev. a) novatel wireless ovation u usb modem (usb adapter, evdo rev. a) available on the verizon network novatel xv expresscard (evdo rev. 	top ten times two for students back in august educated nation offered the following top ten list of web tools for college students: writely soundslides bluedot.us efax pdf online google calendar google spreadsheets bloglines technorati mynoteit not to be outdone, an anonymous-but-first-person story at nextstudent identifies their top ten: book finder mynoteit ottobib google docs tada list meebo wikipedia zoho show google reader del.icio.us 	quiet comfort that’s me on jetblue flight to long beach, wearing my noise canceling headphones. sandee saw me wanting them, so she was especially happy to make them a christmas present to me. and, with all the flying i’ve been doing lately, i was especially happy to have them. i wanted the quietcomfort s not just because i like big, old skool, over-the-ear headphones (i don’t, actually), but because i really wanted the extra noise reduction that design offers. 	let it snow! with over a foot on the ground already, and more falling now the through the night, we’re crossing our fingers for another snow day tomorrow. 	foods i want to try… despite the mystery, porklets are quite yummy, at least according to sandee‘s recipe. what i want to try next is bacon cheesecake or chili powder on french toast or maraschino cherries mixed with jalapeños. all of those sound delightful to me. extra: sausage man, don’t eat that, don’t try this at home. 	just pretend it’s all okay ryan im’d this to me, and it was pretty easy to find that northern sun sells them for $ a pop. this is serious stuff, but it’s hard not to laugh at the support our pants magnet or some of the stickers here. 	this blog is for academic and research purposes only this sign on a computer in the paul a. elsner library at mesa community college caught beth‘s eye and garnered a number of comments, including one from theangelremiel that seems to mark one of the most elusive aspects of library . . they know that none of their classes require gaming excerpting the above as a simple declarative may not be fair, but it gets to the point. let’s say they “know” (that is, let’s say they think they know) that none of the courses requires gaming. 	treo firmware, dun, frustration john commented to say he’s been using his for dun over bluetooth for a long time now, and that all it takes is the latest firmware. so i go looking and find treo updater . from october and i have to wonder “what firmware does my phone have?” here’s how to check: open the phone application, press ‘menu’, navigate to ‘options’, then ‘phone info’ of course nothing is simple, and a treoaddicts story notes trouble with the update, and the installation instructions are daunting (really, look at ’em). 	a visual explanation of web . kansas state university‘s digital ethnography group — “a working group of kansas state university students and faculty dedicated to exploring and extending the possibilities of digital ethnography” — posted this visual explanation of web . . it’s by michael wesh, assistant professor of cultural anthropology, and it rocks. text is unilinear…when written on paper. digital text is different. hypertext can link. with form seperated from content, users did not need to know complicated code to upload content to the web. 	steve jobs’ thoughts on music, music stores, and drm steve jobs’ thoughts on music is surprisingly open and frank, almost blog-like, for the man and the company especially know for keeping secrets. jobs is addressing complaints about apple’s “proprietary” drm used in the itunes music store. there is no theory of protecting content other than keeping secrets. in other words, even if one uses the most sophisticated cryptographic locks to protect the actual music, one must still “hide” the keys which unlock the music on the user’s computer or portable music player. no one has ever implemented a drm system that does not depend on such secrets for its operation. and after offering his view of the situation, he offers three possible futures. the first alternative is to continue on the current course, with each manufacturer competing freely with their own “top to bottom” proprietary systems for selling, playing and protecting music. and the case for doing more of the same is pretty clear. apple’s ipod and itunes music store are successful, and though there are competitors, they’ll have to convince would be buyers to give up their ipods. the second alternative is for apple to license its fairplay drm technology to current and future competitors with the goal of achieving interoperability between different company’s players and music stores. and that’s exactly what people have been asking for. it’s hard to know who wants to use a player that’s not an ipod, but there are some things that don’t play on ipods. but… apple has concluded that if it licenses fairplay to others, it can no longer guarantee to protect the music it licenses from the big four music companies. perhaps this same conclusion contributed to microsoft’s recent decision to switch their emphasis from an “open” model of licensing their drm to others to a “closed” model of offering a proprietary music store, proprietary jukebox software and proprietary players. and finally… the third alternative is to abolish drms entirely. and how does that work? in , under billion drm-protected songs were sold worldwide by online stores, while over billion songs were sold completely drm-free and unprotected on cds by the music companies themselves. the music companies sell the vast majority of their music drm-free, and show no signs of changing this behavior, since the overwhelming majority of their revenues depend on selling cds which must play in cd players that support no drm system. so if the music companies are selling over percent of their music drm-free, what benefits do they get from selling the remaining small percentage of their music encumbered with a drm system? there appear to be none. if anything, the technical expertise and overhead required to create, operate and update a drm system has limited the number of participants selling drm protected music. if such requirements were removed, the music industry might experience an influx of new companies willing to invest in innovative new stores and players. this can only be seen as a positive by the music companies. 	connectile dysfunction no sooner do i lay down a rant about how bad sprint wifi is than do they run an ad telling us how great their service is. well, not only that, but they promise to save us from “connectile dysfunction.” angela natividad described it best: it’s hard to position broadband ads. you can be like earthlink, which kind of laughs at the whole idea of marketing in general, and you can be like comcast, which takes the easy way out with off-colour humour. 	 wasn’t like for those who watch the ads as intently as the game, it’s hard not to think of apple’s commercial. and from that thin thread, i’m reminded of the ministry of re-shelving and, now, the ministry of love. i discovered the last from a comment here, and after looking them up, i decided to contribute a few copies to the cause. the notes i sent along requested the following: 	sprint wifi sucks i’m back in oakland airport, but this time i’m bringing my own network and i don’t have to deal with sprint’s wifi mess. see, the problem isn’t just that it costs too much. the problem is that once you pay, you’re plopped at the login page where the login i just created doesn’t work. and worse, the error offers absolutely no clue about why the username i just just created (and paid for! 	social internet sharing it all started as a simple idea. why should you pay for internet access on the go when you have already paid for it at home? exactly, you shouldn’t. so we decided to help create a community of people who get more out of their connection through sharing. the deal is that you get a special wifi router and use it to securely open your connection to the world. 	ecto vs. wordpress ecto is finally available in intel optimized form, but wp . ‘s xmlrpc breaks it. cliffy, of all people, tells us how to fix it. now, when is ecto coming out? aside: this blog post explains how to hack up the xmlrpc to extract the tags ecto is sending. this was interesting to me a long time ago, but bsuite handles tags entirely in the post content. 	open source shifts costs does open source free your budget up for the best talent? i asked her if the choice to go with open source is helping her to keep costs in check, here’s what [dabble ceo mary hodder] said: what happens with open source is you actually spend the same amount of money, but you don’t have lock-in and you pay for really good people to run it. and so you still end up paying. 	neg’s urban sprinting i might watch more tv if i didn’t live in the us. well, i used to like watching world’s wildest police chases on spike while knocking back a few at the bar after work, but they re-arranged the schedule a while back and it’s just not the same. so clearly i have to sit around waiting for people to forward me goodies like this. yeah, it’s neg’s urban sprinting, which apparently aired on a show named “balls of steel,” and it’s just one in a brilliant series. 	sealand for sale principality of sealand, a wwii-era gunnery platform called roughs tower, in the north sea outside britain’s pre- three nautical mile claim of sovereign waters, is for sale. yep, the “land” declared by some as the world’s smallest micronation will go to the highest bidder. ravage by fire ( ), beset by marauders ( ), and generally ignored by the world’s governments (all time), it’s, well, it is what it is. and now the pirate bay hopes to buy sealand. 	communities are as communities do right there are the beginning of esther dyson‘s ten-year-old book, release . , she alerts us to the web . challenge we’re we’re now beginning to understand: the challenge for us all is to build a critical mass of healthy communities on the net and to design good basic rules for its public spaces so that larger systems do self-organize and work effectively. rule-making is not the job of legislatures and governments alone. 	presentation: collaboration, not competition ala midwinter , alcts future of cataloging presentation: collaboration, not competition. (slides: quicktime &amp; pdf.) stir my writings on the google economy and arrival of the stupendous post with frame four of the alcts and the future of bibliographic control: challenges, actions, and values document: in the realm of advanced digital applications, we are interested in collaboration, not competition. we take as axiomatic the idea that library catalogs and bibliographic databases on the one hand, and web search engines on the other, have complementary strengths. 	presentation: faceted searching and our cataloging norms ala midwinter , alcts cataloging norms discussion group presentation: metadata and faceted searching: an implementation report based on wpopac. (slides: quicktime &amp; pdf.) faceted searching such as that made possible by wpopac (look for the new name soon) improves the usability of our systems and findability of our materials, but also puts new demands on how we catalog them. my favorite search example is sociology of education, both because it’s a common search in our logs, but also because it demonstrates how our systems can help bridge the gap between what our users know and what our catalogs know. 	casual friday: the ala midwinter + music video edition the above circulated a while ago, but i post it today to recognize this special ala midwinter edition of casual fridays. and while i’m not suggesting libraries will or should become st century dance halls, lichen’s title, “ . -&gt; . , the video” has some resonance here. and on the theme of music videos that tell stories comes miranda’s yo te dire, which i like both because it’s funny and because i’m instantly attracted to foreign pop culture. 	let the silence roar okay, before anybody inquires if i’ve gone into boat sales or brings up the bisonboom story again, i need to ask for your understanding. it’s not that i’ve been spending my days trying to pick out just the right shade of red for my new corvette (really i’m not, it’s the lotus i like), or that i’ve been moving to sunny california to take up my new job at google (a year ago i would have been twitching with excitement, now i’m more likely to agree with this). 	sweet jquery matty discovered jquery at the ajax experience, and his enthusiasm has rubbed off on me. jquery makes coding javascript fun again. well, at least it makes it possible to write code and content separately. and that means that sweet ajaxy pages can be made more easily, and it sort of forces designers to make them accessible from the start. resources: jquery: javascript library getting started with jquery visual jquery . 	pes films i’ve been loving the pes films i found via this design observer post, and despite featuring his films for christmas day and new year’s eve, there’s still a lot to see. animated peanut butter is about as cool as it gets, even if i can sympathize with the peanut here in drowning nut. casual friday extras that tickle my inner -year-old: roof sex, beasty boy, pee-nut, and prank call. 	apache . .x on mac os x i’m lazy, that’s all i can say to explain why i hadn’t put any serious thought into upgrading from the . .x version of apache that ships with mac os x to the much more feature rich . .x or . .x. but today i found reason enough to switch my development to . . , and i went looking to the community for information about the switch. a post in marc liyanage’s forums made it clear how easy config/compile was. 	rusty nail: the maison bisson winter drink the holidays are long since past, here’s a drink to carry you through ’till spring. rusty nail parts scotch part drambuie serve over ice in an old fashioned glass. please enjoy it responsibly. 	lies, damn lies, and statistics thanks to metafilter for pointing this out, and matty, for putting it to good use. yes, you really can use this to make authoritative looking reports on anything. 	new year’s fireworks pes offers these fireworks for any occasion, but when better to celebrate than the new year? and thinking of that, if all these clocks are correct, the new year has already started in gmt, which means i’m probably a few drinks behind and need to catch up. 	holiday violence by the end of it, all the wrapping paper and other material affects of the holidays really do take on air of violence. well, at least they do in pes‘s kaboom. and if you’re amused by that, you might want to see how it was made. 	happy holidays 	one goat down, one goat to go cliffy got excited about the gävle goat when his pal derek emailed him about it all. derek was in town, or something like that, and got caught up in the frenzy first hand: “last year some other guy was a bit smarter, hitting it with a flaming arrow from a bow, and he wasn’t caught. it went up in flames!” the goat, of course, is a year holiday tradition. 	great white solstice while northern-hemisphere inhabitants are enjoying their first day of winter, our cousins in the southern hemisphere are just beginning summer. and in south africa’s shark bay, near gansbaai, the great whites are departing for other waters. the great whites make their way to shark bay annually between september and january, though they are not hunting, and, as rob mousley reports, they “ignore bait slicks (and bathers), swimming through them without any reaction–in contrast to their behaviour at other locations such as dyer island” [link added]. 	competition, market position, and statistics watch this video a few times. it’s funny. it’s catchy. it’s kitsch. now watch it a few times more. the ad, for a lada vaz , appeared sometime in the s. it reflects the influence of mtv and other cultural imports from the west, but the details betray it’s command economy provenance. the snow appears trodden and dirty, the trees barren, the background architecture bleak. the car has headlights that flash in time to the music, but their dim yellow glow fails to dazzle. 	welcome to your world in pointing this out to me, lichen noted “if this isn’t evidence that web . is an undeniable force, i don’t know what is.” “this,” of course, is time magazine‘s announcement of the person of the year. and the answer is you. yes, you. michael stephens was right on top of it, pulling this quote: …but look at through a different lens and you’ll see another story, one that isn’t about conflict or great men. 	helsinki complaints choir though some people prefer the birmingham choir to helsinki’s, there’s certainly something to be said about complaining in song, and something more when it’s in a language i can’t begin to understand. one blogger remarked of the video: to think of what might of been. what if i’d moved in with a bunch of angst ridden finns,instead of pseudo-happy baptists, and been forced to sing their rants along with them. 	wish i could be there… harry shearer and judith owen are performing their holiday sing-a-long at the concert hall at the society for ethical culture in nyc with guests tmbg and others. it’s a go on friday, but why can’t these things happen closer to me? actually, maybe they should all come to warren afterwards. 	memcached and wordpress ryan boren wrote about using memcached with wordpress almost a year ago: memcached is a distributed memory object caching system. wordpress . can make use of memcached by dropping in a special backend for the wp object cache. the memcached backend replaces the default backend and directs all cache requests to one or more memcached daemons. you must have a memcached daemon running somewhere for this to work. unless you’re managing the server on which your blog is running, you probably can’t run a memcached daemon, making this backend useless to you. 	wordpress . + wpopac i’ve been following wp . development, but aaron brazell’s post in the development blog wrapped up a lot of questions all at once. the short story is that . is going to bring some really good changes that will allow more flexibility and better optimization of wpopac. of the four changes brazell names, the last two, the addition of the post_type column and a change in usage of the post_status column, are where the money is. 	woot! woot! the press release: making libraries relevant in an internet-based society psu’s casey bisson wins mellon award for innovative search software for libraries plymouth, n.h. — you can’t trip over what’s not there. every day millions of internet users search online for information about millions of topics. and none of their search results include resources from the countless libraries around the world—until now. casey bisson, information architect for plymouth state university’s lamson library, has received the prestigious mellon award for technology collaboration for his ground-breaking software application known as wpopac. 	flightplan perhaps it’s just because i’m in the air again today, but i’m fascinated by aaron koblin‘s animation of aircraft activity, illustrating the pulsing, throbbing movements of aircraft over north america. nah, this is hot. you’ll love it too. also worth checking out: koblin’s other works. 	flickr interstingness patent…application it’s old news (boing boing and slashdot covered it a month ago), but flickr’s patent application is a bit troublesome. it’s not that they’re trying to patent tagging (they’re not), it’s that they’re trying to patent the things library folks have been wanting to do (and in some cases actually doing) for some time. media objects, such as images or soundtracks, may be ranked according to a new class of metrics known as ”interestingness. 	lemurs movin’ it thank jon for pointing out the above. actually, you should go read his post on the matter because, well, it gave me a chuckle and it’s certainly better than going shopping today. 	and then the feds blocked me via a friend who coordinated a program i presented at not long ago i received this message about difficulty accessing my blog post with notes from the presentation: do you have the notes electronically that you could send? believe it or not our federal government internet filter is blocking access to the blog site below…..big brother is truly at work these days….. jessamyn has been dealing with this for a while now, but this is the first i’d learned that i’d been blocked. 	will it blend? go now to willitblend.com and offer your suggestion for something new. want to see a bacon cheeseburger with pickles and grilled onions? go for it. 	parsing marc directory info i expected a record that looked like this: leader nas ia c mau u p uuua eng /rev dlc|caug psmm f . |b.a f . |b.a appalachian mountain club the a.m.c. white mountain guide :|ba guide to trails in the mountains of new hampshire and adjacent parts of maine amc white mountain guide white mountain guide a. 	second school? rebecca nesson, speaking via skype and appearing before us as her avatar in second life, offered her experiences as a co-instructor of harvard law school‘s cyberone, a course being held jointly in a meatspace classroom and in second life, and open to students via harvard law, the harvard extension school, and to the public that shows up in second life. nesson has an interesting blog post about how it all works, but she also answered questions from the audience about why it works: 	social learning on the cluetrain? they don’t want to engage in chat with their professors in the classroom space, they want to chat with other students in their own space. — from eric gordon’s presentation this morning. hey, isn’t that the lesson that smart folks have been offering for a while now: “nobody cares about you or your site. really.” how could learning environments not be subject to the same cluetrain forces affecting the rest of the world? 	social software in learning environments it’s really titled social software for teaching &amp; learning, and i’m here with john martin, who’s deeply involved with our learning management system and portfolio efforts (especially as both of these are subject to change real soon now). aside: cms = content management system, lms = learning management system. let’s please never call an lms a cms…please? on the schedule is… social software in the classroom: happy marriage or clash of cultures? 	displaying google calendars in php ical php icalendar solves a couple problems i’m working on, but i needed a solution to fix the duration display for gcal-managed ics calendars. as it turns out, a fix can be found in the forums, and the trick is to insert the following code in functions/ical_parser.php. case 'duration': if (($first_duration == true) &amp;&amp; (!stristr($field, '=duration'))) { ereg ('^p([ - ]{ , }[w])?([ - ]{ , }[d])?([t]{ , })?([ - ]{ , }[h])?([ - ]{ , }[m])?([ - ]{ ,}[s])?', $data, $duration); $weeks = str_replace('w', '', $duration[ ]); $days = str_replace('d', '', $duration[ ]); $hours = str_replace('h', '', $duration[ ]); $minutes = str_replace('m', '', $duration[ ]); $seconds = str_replace('s', '', $duration[ ]); // convert seconds to hours, minutes, and seconds if ($seconds &gt; ) { $rem_seconds = $seconds % ; $minutes = $minutes + (($seconds - $rem_seconds) / ); $seconds = $rem_seconds; } if ($minutes &gt; ) { $rem_minutes = $minutes % ; $hours = $hours + (($minutes - $rem_minutes) / ); $minutes = $rem_minutes; } $the_duration = ($weeks * * * * ) + ($days * * * ) + ($hours * * ) + ($minutes * ) + ($seconds); $first_duration = false; } break; hopefully this gets worked into the baseline with the next release. 	rock paper scissors this weekend’s fifth annual rock paper scissors world championships have ended, and brit bob cooper has come out a winner. the toronto event drew a reported competitors and spectators from u.s. states, four canadian provinces, norway, new zealand, australia, wales, the uk and ireland and paid a top prize of can$ . “i went through extensive training, read ‘the official rock paper scissors strategy guide’, and studied the possible rps gambits before competing,” said cooper. 	mushaboom remix props to tim for offering linking me to a remix of feist’s mushaboom. i like the original better, but, well, i’m also a fan of remixes. 	i feel great transcipt: what? oh, yeah. i feel great. larry, i’m quittin’ the company and startin’ my own. and by the way, i feel great. steve, you’re a great guy with great skills, you’re gonna do great. *pounds fist* what the hell, i’m comin’ with ya. ooohhhhfff. hey, you’re hot and i feel great. let’s get married. alright, but i want lots of kids. me too. five hundred of them. *slams file drawer* ooohhhhfff. 	and fell the wall it’s worth taking a moment to remember that the berlin wall fell this day in . though orders had been been given, they were botched by east german propaganda minister günter schabowski, who mistakenly announced in a press conference that restrictions on border crossings would be lifted immediately. in fact, restrictions were to be lifted the next day. tens of thousands of east berliners heard schabowski’s statement live on east german television and flooded the checkpoints in the wall demanding entry into west berlin. 	art vs. the google economy in an anomaly that we would eventually recognize as commonplace on the internet, touching the void, a book that had gone out of print, remaindered before it hit paperback, was all but forgotten, started selling again in . chris anderson wondered why, and found that user reviews in amazon’s listing of publishing sensation into thin air had people recommending touching the void as a better read. today, touching the void outsells into thin air to . 	ministry of truth = george bush’s whitehouse the huffington post pointed out how the white house is doctoring video of bush’s “mission accomplished” speech from may . visitors to whitehouse.gov now get a video that crops out the mission accomplished sign. how orwellian will this president get? “the future of evil is in manipulating information.” 	i hope you’re all voting today okay, even if this diesel sweeties cartoon is a little disheartening, please vote. the fact is, vote suppression is probably more likely than vote fraud. a tip of the hat to lichen for alerting me to this, and for making the point that our users’ notions of “authority” are among the fastest changing features of our post-google world. 	arlington east the above photo and some others were forwarded to me by a friend. the body of the email included: a few friends of mine participated in this event on saturday. there wasn’t a lot of media coverage, but npr and the cct. the photos show markers representing american dead in the iraq war, and markers representing just a small percentage of the approximately , iraqi dead from a memorial held on cape cod on october th, . 	the political parties in vermont cliff took a picture of his absentee ballot because the new parties were just too good: dennis morriseau is the impeach bush now candidate for congress and peter moss is the anti-bushist candidate for senate. 	midterms mentioned earlier, but worth mentioning again: truemajorityaction’s take it back campaign. among the videos and political graffiti of the moment, don’t miss freedom, beat box bush, and &lt;a href=&quot;http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid= &rdquo; title=&quot; / , shock &amp; awe: clip from &ldquo;hijacking catastrophe&rdquo; - google video&quot;&gt;hijacking catastrophe. and as funny as the brazillion joke is, we need a government that doesn’t lie, a government that’s smart, a government that cares for its people, its soldiers and foreign civilians and our elections. 	network-enabled snooping in the physical world we’ve got ocr. we’ve got cameraphones. we’ve got web-based license plate lookup services. amazon japan has a fancy cameraphone-based product search feature. what’s more naive, imagining that somewhere somebody has a sms/mms-based license plate snooping and facial recognition services and fingerprint scanners, or imagining that they don’t? 	political graffiti found by lorelei in copenhagen. discovered by kieran’sphoto’s’ in cork. 	freedom (video) karen forwarded mgarthoff‘s freedom, tagged: bush war election midterm iraq katrina on youtube. 	presentation: designing an opac for web . maiug philadelphia: designing an opac for web . (interactive quicktime with links or static pdf) web . and other “ . ” monikers have become loaded terms. but as we look back at the world wide web of , there can be little doubt that today’s web is better and more useful. indeed, that seems to be the conclusion millions of americans are making, as current estimates show over million users in the us, including % of youth - . 	advice you didn’t ask for on writing: first figure out your story, then tell it. anything else is masturbatory. 	the solution is in your hands currugated_film‘s photo of graffitti in oaxaca. the caption at flickr notes that the text to the right says “the solution is in your hands, the rocks are on the ground.” 	two ton: one night, one fight tony day is june th, but today is the day i received my copy of joe monninger’s latest work, two ton: one night, one fight — tony galento v. joe louis. i learned a lot about the characters and times during the two years of research joe invested in the book, but other than sneaking peaks at the manuscript, i’ve not had a chance to learn the whole story of how tony galento ended up in the ring against joe louis — and knocked him down. 	all about atlatls…or…humans need to throw things in classic wikipedia-voice, an atlatl is… an atlatl (from nahuatl ahtlatl [?ah.t?at?]; in english pronounced [???t?l??t??] or [??t?l??t??] ) or spear-thrower is a tool that uses leverage to achieve greater velocity in spear-throwing, and includes a bearing surface which allows the user to temporarily store energy during the throw. […] a well-made atlatl can readily achieve ranges of greater than meters. atlatl bob describes it more passionately: 	damn that’s big the switzerland‘s verzasca dam is now added to the list of places i’d like to visit. 	linkability fertilizes online communities redux i certainly don’t mean this to be as snarky as it’s about to come out, but i love the fact that isaak questions my claim that linkability is essential to online discussions (and thus, communities) with a link: linkability fertilizes online communities i really don’t know how linkability will build communities. but we really need to work on building support platforms for the public to interact with the library and promote social discussions, whether offline or online. 	googlesmacked at a time when people are still wowing over the google-youtube deal (and wondering why their . company didn’t get bought for $ . billion), it’s good to know that marc cantor is dead down on it. not because of the copyright issues or “limited” advertising potential of youtube that others cite, but apparently because he just doesn’t like google anymore. to wit, he names orkut as a failed social network; knocks blogger as an also-ran; disregards google base as pointless; labels adsense a $ billion cash machine for sergey, larry and eric; tosses aside gmaps, gmail, gcalendar, gscholar, gbooks, and gtalk as “unrelated, random output of the labs, thrown up to justify their r&amp;d expenditures;” and closes with an ominous warning: 	cheap and broken above, one of sandge‘s contributions to the the toy cameras pool reminds us that good photography is something that often happens despite the equipment, not because of it. of course, no sweeping generalization can go without argument, and in this case i think the toy camera enthusiasts would be joined by the glitch art aficionados, like roninvision, who apparently made a mistake while scanning to give us this: 	flipbook animation i love this flipbook animation on youtube (jump ahead to about : for it), even if the live-action preface is somewhat tiresome. and even with that, it still doesn’t rate as bad as some viewers think it is. this is the “making of” / behind-the-scenes sneak peak at my upcoming movie “annihilation”. i had hoped to finish annihilation in time to turn it in for my cinema class, but i didn’t… so i had to make a movie about my failure to complete the movie, and turn that in instead. 	cataloging errors a bibliographic instruction quiz we used to use asked students how many of dan brown’s books could be found in our catalog. the idea was that attentive students would dutifully search by author for “brown, dan,” get redirected to “brown, dan -,” and find three books. indeed, the expected answer was “three.” as it turns out, my library has all four of dan brown’s published books, including the missing digital fortress. 	what do you call a group of ninjas? from askmefi: “you know, like gaggle of geese, murder of crows, school of fish, all that. does a group of ninjas have some sort of descriptor? we’re talking many people in halloween costumes, how to address them together. the { blank }.” aside from the inevitable brush to ask a ninja, answers included: sir, sir, sir, and sir one ninja, many ninjim. and the collective is a flipout of ninjim a hedge of ninjas. 	the candy bar metaphor eleta explained it this way, and credited it to r. david lankes: your data: your _meta_data: 	butane handwarmer mt. moriah, this time better than last time. 	eat-rite diner, st. louis mo some time ago in st louis, i stumbled upon eat-rite diner. aparently i wasn’t the first to be taken in by its charms. yelp notes: this is a must in st. louis. however don’t go here for the friendly staff, good food, or fun atmosphere. this place is a joke! they will need to buzz you in the door to come in and try the delightful slinger. eat right or don’t eat at all! 	teddy bear kills , fish from associate press: concord, n.h. — a teddy bear dropped into a pool at a hatchery in milford, n.h., killed all , rainbow trout living in the pool. fish and game department hatcheries supervisor robert fawcett said the teddy — dressed in a yellow raincoat and hat — clogged a drain earlier this month, blocking oxygen flow to the pool and suffocating the fish. in a statement, fawcett noted: “release of any teddy bears into fish hatchery water is not permitted. 	what’s so great about adium? brian mann calls adium “one of the best multi-network [im] clients ever.” tim bray says it has a “wonderful user interface,” while also naming im generally “an essential business tool.” eric meyer, meanwhile, exclaims “adium is my new chat buddy.” what’s so great about adium? gaim is the engine behind the scenes, but the face of the application is xhtml and css. wit meyer: the entirety of an adium chat window is an xhtml document that’s being dynamically updated via dom scripting—all of it pumped through webkit, of course. 	isbn api followup a couple questions about my api to convert digit isbns to digits pointed out somethings i failed to mention earlier. first, the api actually works both ways. that is, it identifies and validates both and digit isbns on input, and returns both versions in the output. example: and - . and, as yet, i have no user agreement or usage policy. except for the disclaimer — don’t blame me if it’s broke — i’m leaving this open (though i’ll probably have to figure something out for future apis). 	inclusion is addictive lichen, who’s had a great string of posts lately, pointed out amy campbell‘s website, which opens with the following: so i guess this myspace thing is going to catch on. i resisted for a long time. these things make me nervous – myspace, messenger, emoticons… i can’t help but see it as some sinister forerunner of the complete degredation of language and of human interaction. i’m worried about a generation of people who’s definition of “friendship” consists first and foremost of an anonymous exchange of links. 	my own garlitz bob garlitz dropped by with a couple canvases yesterday — untitled and teng. it’s an honor i’d appreciate even if i wasn’t looking for something to cover my bare office walls. 	converting between isbn- and isbn- david kane asked the web libbers: can anyone tell me what the conversion between isbn- and isbn- is, please. i need to write a little conversion program. anything in php, for example. answers: “there is already an online converter: http://www.isbn.org/converterpub.asp;” some pointing at wikipedia on isbns, bookland, and eans; john blyberg’s php port of the perl isbn- / tool; some explanation that you have to watch the check digit, and discussion about why you’d need to do all this conversion. 	i am not a terrorist i am not a terrorist. i am not a terrorist. i am not a terrorist. democracy now! burning patriotism! 	beat box bush and dj cheney bush speech mashups rock. from google video: so, you wanna learn how to beatbox? gwb is back with another amazing performance. surprisingly he is actually very good. previously: state of the union? not good. also, note the tags on that video, and the way somebody snuck “????? ??? ? ???” past the filters. 	teddy bear cries red tears southtyrolean, who seems to take an interest in found graffiti posted this one (from graz)to his flickr stream, describing it: in the sackstraße, near kastner&amp;Öhler (entrance to the car park for bikes) :: in der sackstraße, neben kastner&amp;Öhler (eingang zum fahrrad-abstellplatz) i especially like this one. 	“this would make a really great blog post…” another great comic from xkcd: “i feel like i’m wasting my life on the internet. let’s walk around the world.” “sounds good.” [panels showing the world’s great beauty, a truly grand adventure] “and yet all i can think of is ‘this will make for a great livejournal entry.’” 	rocking wirelessly: verizon’s v evdo card after vacillating for a while (and waiting for it to become available), i finally purchased one of the verizon / novatel v express card evdo adapters that everybody’s talking about for my macbook pro. gearlog promised it would be easy — simply install drivers, plug in card — but they were wrong. truth was that i didn’t even have to install the drivers. mac os x asked me if i wanted to “activate” the card when i plugged it in, then automatically went about configuring everything. 	whitcher sawmill burned i described it to jessamyn in an im last night: lights flickering here, sirened vehicles passing frequently, smell of smoke hangs in air outside the globe reported it this way: warren, n.h. — a sawmill went up in flames during the night in warren (new hampshire). fire officials say they may never know what started the flames at the k.e. whitcher mill around ten o’clock last night. 	should universities host faculty or student blogs? (part : examples and fear) our cio is asking whether or not plymouth should get involved with blogs. not to be overly academic, but i think we should define our terms. despite all the talk, “blogs” are a content agnostic technology being used to support all manner of online activities. what you’re really asking is instead: what kind of content do we want to put online, and who do we want to let do it? 	library camp east lce was a success. let me quickly join with the other participants to offer my appreciation to john blyberg and alan grey for all their work planning the event, as well as darien public library director louise berry and the rest of the library for hosting the event. side note: darien is a beautiful town, but we all have to learn to pronounce the name like a local. michael golrick and john blyberg each have a number of photos on flickr, and i’m jealous of those like lichen rancourt who can live-blog events like this. 	scotchtober fest new hampshire’s highland games are back where they belong in lincoln nh. fittingly for the highlands theme, the weather saturday was cold and misty, with fogs rolling over the hills. i half expected lorna doone herself to appear. the games, of course, are “scottish heavy athletics” involving the throwing (though sometimes carrying) of just about anything that can be found. rocks… hammers… sheep… trees, they all count. well, the “sheep toss” is actually the “sheaf toss” and is intended to measure an athlete’s ability to toss hay to the top of the pile. 	with all voices now… preaching to the choir, or encouraging them to sing louder? truemajorityaction‘s take it back campaign amuses, but will it motivate the middle? will you join? 	kid koala’s fender bender while looking up bonobo — who is soon to have a new album out — i discovered not only some videos of his tunes, but also a path leading to videos from other nijna tune artists, including this goodie from kid koala. 	namiacs mr. pro-life and his wife, kirsten faith pro-life 	why not? does anybody know a way make a reverse-ordered — think countdown — ordered list without resorting to non-semantic (though ingenious) css tricks? 	wp ssl one wonders why ssl support isn’t built-in to wp. until then, this noctis.de post offers some tips. 	it be talk like a pirate day, matey hop to it, dogs. peer an eye at thar video and argue not w’the cap’n: tuesday september th is talk like a pirate day! talk like a pirate day only comes once a year (on september th), this year it falls on a tuesday. if you’re not ready yet, you can learn more about this international holiday on the about tlapd page or practice some phrases from the piratephrases page. 	our responsibility: teach our children how to talk like a pirate early for future success there’s no question that the video mentioned this morning is valuable resource for all of us, but our responsibility to our nation’s future demands more. the good folks at cook memorial library in tamworth nh are an example to us all with their series of instructional sessions in preparation for talk like a pirate day. 	microsoft vs. bloggers in accusations of msn spaces censorship i’ve been citing pieces of branding consultant james torio‘s master’s thesis for some time now. but because the thesis is long, and i want to cite a few small pieces, and those pieces aren’t directly url addressable, i’m quoting them here. clickable urls are added, but everything else should be exactly as torio wrote it. (also related: why there’s no escaping the blog and msn spaces isn’t the blogging service for me.) 	info on geo tags in the wp codex does this mean that geo stuff is built-in to wp? 	php array to xml i needed a quick, perhaps even sloppy way to output an array as xml. some googling turned up a few tools, including simon willison’s xmlwriter, johnny brochard’s array xml, roger veciana associative array to xml, and gijs van tulder’s array to xml. finally, gijs also pointed me to the xml_serializer pear package. in an example of how even the smallest barriers can turn people away, i completely ignored the two possible solutions at php classes, because navigating and using the site sucks. 	mysql fulltext tips peter gulutzan, author of sql performance tuning, writes in the full-text stuff that we didn’t put in the manual about the particulars of word boundaries, index structure, boolean searching, exact phrase searching, and stopwords, as well as offering a few articles for further reading (ian gilfillan’s “using fulltext index in mysql”, sergei golubchik’s “mysql fulltext search”, joe stump’s “mysql fulltext searching”). it’s one of a number of articles in the mysql tech resources collection. 	sysop humor i got tipped to this geeky-funny comic that deserves reposting here for casual friday: 	always san fran from the west coast comes this tale– a friend of mine is part of maxine hong kingston’s veterans writing group. they are publishing a collection of their work this october “veterans of war, veterans of peace,”, and he was invited to a reading in san francisco. they are a program up there called “drinks with writers” that moves from restuant to restuant once a month. people come, have drinks, writers read, they talk. 	sweet sumolounge omni a sumolounge beanbag chair is a beanbag like a maserati is a car. but even that doesn’t properly characterize the difference. for starters, it’s big — over five feet on one side. not big enough for the whole wrestling team, but big enough for cuddling. a bit bigger and i’d go looking for sheets and call it a bed, as it’s also comfortable. the website calls it a “crash mat, lounge chair, loveseat or floor pillow,” but whatever you call it, you’ll settle into it like an addictive personality to a bad habit. 	making plans for library camp east in the list of things i should have done a month ago is an item about making my hotel reservations for library camp east . fortunately, john blyberg notes that alan gray has arranged for a special rate doubletree hotel in norwalk, not far from the site of the event. 	apple’s itv — from ! the original apple press release is gone (and gone from the wayback machine too), but back in apple announced a different set-top box, also called the itv, for a six-state trial of interactive television services. apple’s itv system incorporates key technologies including a subset of the macos, quickdraw and quicktime. in addition, it includes an mpeg decoder and supports pal and ntsc video formats as well as e and t telephone protocols. 	the church of september th david moats did some hard thinking on oliver stone‘s world trade center. “[i]t occurred to me that the problem with the movie is that five years later we remain stuck in the moment. we haven’t really moved on.” we’ve not been able to move on from / because we’re still mired in the mistakes that followed from / . many people responded with bravery, including the service men and women who found themselves caught up in one struggle or another. 	top gun: a requiem for goose teamtigerawesome‘s top gun: a requiem for goose is more than funny, it’s the sort of thing a person should mine for insults and one-liners to use later. of course, the recent tom cruise flap doesn’t dampen it any. from the title cards: on march , president harding established the swingenest, scientologist, dew drop of a flight school in all . now, you boys may think that you are the high-hattenest group of flyboys ever to shoot down a mrs. 	laura veirs hey folks! good news. the young rapture choir cd is now available from raven marching band records. this album is an amazing collection of songs written by laura veirs, and performed by a choir of school children in cognac, france. it was recorded live in april by tucker martine. the packaging is all handmade and it’s a wonderful recording. this is a lovely, limited edition cd — we only made , — so get one quick at http://www. 	newertech firewire go pcmcia/cardbus card target disk mode? all my searching seems to confirm my hazy memory that my olf newertech firewire go card does indeed support target disk mode, but the old “hold t while booting” trick doesn’t seem to be working. another shady part of my memory is that the key command was different, but what is it? either google is failing me, or it really isn’t online anywhere. help? 	mac os x vnc, built-in sure it’s old news, but i am pretty happy that mac os x . has a built-in vnc server. you’ll still need a client, like chicken of the vnc, but it couldn’t be much simpler to make work. though, you could run a separate server app (even several instances of it) and work up a hack like this to allow you to have several people all logged in to the same machine (and getting different screens) simultaneously. 	crocodile hunter steve irwin dead tv star and crocodile hunter steve irwin is dead after being &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.injurywatch.co.uk/news-and-groups/news/marine-incidents/australia-s-crocodile-hunter-steve-irwin-killed-by-a-stingray- &rdquo; title=&quot;australia&rsquo;s &ldquo;crocodile hunter&rdquo; steve irwin killed by a stingray — injurywatch&quot;&gt;stung by a stingray on australia’s great barrier reef. 	blue marlin spears fisherman from the royal gazette: an angler was almost killed when a giant bill fish leapt from the sea, speared his chest and knocked him off his boat in a freak accident at the weekend. ian card, from somerset, was impaled by the blue marlin and forced overboard during an international sports fishing tournament on saturday morning. his father alan, skipper of the commercial fishing vessel challenger, watched as the struggling creature — estimated to weigh about lb and measuring ft in length — flew through the air and struck the -year-old, who was acting as mate, just below his collarbone with its sword-like bill. 	remember, he’s really big in germany blame bentley for this. and, as noted in a comment there, “it’s so amazing how [david] hasselhoff has this entire other career that doesn’t exist in the us, except for mocking purposes.” lyrics: beware the pretty faces that you find. a pretty face can hide an evil mind. oh be careful what you say, or you’ll give yourself away, odds are you won’t live to see tomorrow. 	the competitive advantage of easing upgrades zdnet’s david berlind complains that upgrades are painful: upgrading to new systems is one of the most painful things you can possibly do. if you’re a vendor of desktop/notebook systems, it also represents that point where you can keep or lose a customer. today, most system vendors have pretty much nothing from a technology point of view that “encourages” loyalty. upgrading from an old dell to a new dell is no easier than upgrading to a system from a competing vendor. 	things i need to incorporate into various projects memcached, a “highly effective caching daemon, …designed to decrease database load in dynamic web applications,” and the related php functions pspell php functions related to aspell and this pspell overview from zend http_build_query, duh? current connected mysql threads * unix load average = system busy; reduce operations when $system_busy &gt; $x 	missiles are the new ied i’m not going to make this point well, but let me try. now that we’ve recognized the long tail of violence and the “open source insurgency” and seen the hezbollah missile threat, it’s hard not to imagine a growing threat from enemy or terrorist missiles. in short, as technology becomes cheaper, the weapons people can use against us become more complex. iran and north korea have been developing and testing missiles for some time, but the pound gorilla here is russia. 	flickr to get all geotaggylicious? when dan cat gets cagey, and people are talking about mysterious map buttons in flickr a guy has to wonder…is this why the lines between dan’s hobby and day job are so blurry? update: ryan eby points out that the map is live! 	lurk, cut, paste and it is cutting and pasting but what other names are there now for it?? for looking at other websites, following the site and lifting off passages and putting them onto your own site– for one reason or another?? i found bookish.dk while looking up info on denmark about a year ago. finally this may, lifelong wish, i finally got to copenhagen for two days. karen b is a scotswoman who has 	seeger’s springsteen made the mistake of complaining about bruce’s new album. i knew i was risking the age thing, and sure enough– i downloaded finally, with too much anticipation, bruce’s new seeger sessions. i haven’t heard b much lately but his voice sounds like its shot?? seeger did his work with such a rich voice, deep and subtly modulated. this album is beautifully produced, the backup band is greatvoice and nearly too much. 	stranger than crazy every so often you want to know more about real gypsies. this film is where to start when that time comes round again. romanian gypsies portray themselves in gajo dilo. the crazy stranger in question is not a gypsy but a visiting young frenchman, played by the wonderful romain duris. 	we just have to go do the work nicholas lemann, in a story on blogging and citizen journalism in the august issue of the new yorker: [n]ew media in their fresh youth [produce] a distinctive, hot-tempered rhetorical style. …transformative in their capabilities…a mass medium with a short lead time — cheap…and easily accessible to people of all classes and political inclinations. and quoting author mark knights: …a medium that facilitated slander, polemic, and satire. it delighted in mocking or even abusive criticism, in part because of the conventions of anonymity. 	swimming in spam, but customer support comes through i awoke this morning to a bit of a mess. after enjoying months of spam-free bliss thanks to akismet, i found over a hundred spam comments for pills and free pictures to suit most any need or desire. spam has snuck through before, but never in this volume, and akismet has always been quick to learn from my manual corrections and stop further leaks. not this time. so i began to panic. 	reality television infects print media now that we’ve forgotten how deep the collected sludge on the bottom of our cultural barrel is since fox appears to have given up dredging it for entertainment like who wants to marry a millionaire? and &lt;a href=&quot;http://imdb.com/title/tt /&rdquo; title=&quot;&ldquo;the littlest groom&rdquo; ( ) (mini)&ldquo;&gt;the littlest groom, jane magazine (subscribe) has stepped up to explore what remains. the huffington post’s eat the press blog recently reported a story titled “girl, you’ll be a woman soon: the quest to deflower jane‘s -year old virgin” 	eaten alive books eaten alive books 	it’s a piece of cake to bake a pretty cake don’t hate me for this, it was mattyb who showed it to me and then setup the domain itsapieceofcaketobakeaprettycake.com. the clip comes from lazytown (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.imdb.com/title/tt /&rdquo; title=&quot;&ldquo;lazytown&rdquo; ( )&ldquo;&gt;imdb), which airs in the us on nick jr. an excerpt of the lyrics: i’ts a piece of cake to bake a pretty cake if the way is ha-zy you gotta do the cooking by the book 	darwin, schmarwin are we ahead of turkey? yes. 	sign up now: library camp east library camp east is set for september at darien public library in darien ct. it’s an unconference, so the content is determined by the participants, and judging from the names on the signup page (john blyberg and jessamyn sound excited), there will be a lot of good discussion. 	catching bugs before they catch you i got itchy about magic quotes the other day because it’s the cause (through a fairly long cascade of errors) of some performance problems and runaways i’ve been seeing lately (pictured above). but i deserve most of the blame for allowing a query like this to run at all: ` select type, data, count(*) as hits from wpopac_wpopac_bibs_atsk &lt;strong&gt;where data like '%'&lt;/strong&gt; and type in ('subjkey','author', 'title') group by data order by hits desc limit ` as executed, it’s trying to select all . 	false i had no words for it now wri- ting i am temp ted to say that i fe lt the wor ld had been giv en as a gi ft uni que ly to me and al so eq ual ly to ea ch per son a lone verse style of robert lax sentence by rory stewart 	treo as dial up network adapter sometime ago i started work on figuring out how to get dial up networking (dun) access via my treo . now i’m getting serious about mobile internet access and looking at this again. the plan is that you should be able to make a bluetooth connection between your laptop and the phone and then get piped onto the internet from the phone. trevor harmon wrote it up and has been following the issue as it relates to mac os x and sprint wireless service. 	dang addslashes() and gpc magic quotes somewhere in the wordpress code extra slashes are being added to my query terms. i’ve turned gpc magic quotes off via a php_value magic_quotes_gpc directive in the .htaccess file (we have far too much legacy code that nobody wants to touch to turn it off site-wide). and i know my code is doing one run of addslashes(), but where are the other two sets of slashes coming from? 	knockbox = wifi + real estate info in another sign of the arrival of the stupendous, i.e. that the internet is changing our world, engadget some time ago reported on the sellsmart knockbox real estate selling dohicky. what is a knockbox? a knockbox is a sleek, self-contained appliance that is placed unobtrusively inside your home for sale. it contains a photographic tour, custom buyer presentation, and other important details about your home, which potential buyers can access without ever having to enter your home. 	are you with me? this weeks free i-tunes down load is the song ” are you with me?” released by the band vaux. i like the song, it’s a little hardcore for my tastes but i can see my self mosh pitting to this. it’s not my favorite music but being a fairly open minded person i can find a place for it in my musical library. i give this song an . on pies listening pleasure scale. 	wpopac reloaded i’ve re-thought the contents of the record and summary displays in wpopac. after some experimentation and a lot of listening, it became clear that people needed specific information when looking at a search result or a catalog record. so now, when searching for cantonese slang, for instance, the summary displays show the title, year, format, attribution, and subject keys of each result. and when viewing the record for a dictionary of cantonese slang you’ll get all of that and more. 	longest book title ever geography made easy : being an abridgement of the american universal geography, containing astronomical geography, discovery and general description of america, general view of the united states, particular accounts of the united states of america, and of all the kingdoms, states and republics in the known world, in regard to their boundaries, extent, rivers, lakes, mountains, productions, population, character, government, trade, manufactures, curiosities, history, &amp;c. : to which is added, an improved chronological table of remarkable events, from the creation to the present time, illustrated with maps of the countries described : calculated particularly for the use and improvement of schools and academies in the united states of america 	snakes on boards snakes on skateboards would not wear helmets nor would they swing hatchets, but snakes on snowboards might if they had just visited love land’s phallus garden 	verizon evdo service and the mobile office? the much anticipated novatel v express card evdo adapter is out. verizon is pimping them for $ with year contract and gearlog says it’s “almost too easy” to use these goodies with the macbook pros. then gearlog reader brad commented: “if you had to install a driver, i wouldn’t say it was the true mac experience. i have sprint evdo with a merlin s card. with os x . 	sweet bluetooth graphire tablet, bad portraits my graphire bluetooth tablet arrived last week as a bundled treat with some adobe software i needed. why do i need a tablet, especially as my days as a graphic designer are a distant memory? i don’t…at least not now. but somewhere on the long tail my um, unique, style of portraiture (above) will come into vogue and i’ll score it big. yup, there’s an unrecognized niche of people just waiting to be drawn with big cheeks, bulging eyes, and open mouths. 	carry-on restrictions to carry on? the mercury news’ qa on carry-on restrictions answered a big question i had: q can i still carry my laptop, cell phone and ipod on board? a those items are still ok as long as you’re not traveling to or through the united kingdom. but a reuters story posted at c|net suggests the restriction on liquids won’t be going away any time soon. draconian restrictions on carry-on baggage may stay in place for months, even years… 	all about non-profits i’ve been looking up information on non-profits, specifically c corporations. there’s this sales-pitch filled faq; the company corporation makes it sound easy, but this how to guide from the national mental health association (of all places) seems to offer the…um…most honest info i’ve seen yet. well, most honest sounding. 	dancing against the current you might argue with kevin lim‘s suggestion that terrorism depends on our emotional and psychological insecurity, but can you really argue with the notion that more happy people is a bad thing? i can’t. and i can’t criticize him for finding deep meaning in catchy pop songs and funny movies. he and brandtson might be right… “nobody dances anymore. everyone’s still playing safe and nobody takes chances anymore.” 	sxsw program proposals there’s programs proposed for sxsw interactive, march - . go vote for the ones you most want to see at lindsey simon’s super cool picker. round one voting is going now. (also note the really good use of semantic markup in the html download version (which i’m embarrassed to have sullied a bit in this representation).) podcasting – what’s it going to take to mainstream the technology? business / funding / entrepreneurial · web audio / web video over the past twelve months, podcasting has exploded among tech savvy individuals and organizations however, what’s it going to take for podcasting to evolve from its current state as a delivery system for specialized, longtail content to a widely-adopted media distribution system for mainstream users? 	hard math i found this at joe-ks.com. the title there is “mennonite longhand math,” but can anybody identify the source or context? can anybody work out the equation on the board? i’ve convinced my friend will, who teaches math and physics, to pose for a shot like this, but that means we’ll have find and fill a huge chalkboard…and he’ll have to grow his beard back. 	lawn mower speed record it’s late summer and the heat wave killed the grass on your lawn, so what better to do than challenge bob cleveland’s record for the fastest lawn mower yet? not sure your mower has what it’ll take to race down the salt flats at over mph? wimp. utah’s ksl tv quotes bob saying “we don’t need a whole lot of horsepower to go fast.” and when you look at the tiny wheels on that thing, well, you’ve gotta imagine you can do better. 	shakespeare, motivation, war, what are we doing here? i’m a sap. i can’t help but get choked up when i read or hear shakespeare’s st. crispin’s day speech in henry the v. ehow tells me that “saint crispin’s day is a good day to honor lives well lived, beliefs held dear and shoes well made.” but steve denning calls the speech a “magical, linguistic sleight of hand,” and warns us: …it may work for a battle, or even several battles. 	flight, hotel, spa “take a deep breath.” i did, and with it lisa souza, my massage practitioner at san francisco’s international orange, pressed into a knot just below my shoulder blade, deep in the latissimus dorsi. she worked along the length of it, not as a baker kneads bread, but rather as person wringing water from a damp cloth. each press was deliberate, powerful. i’d asked for the deep tissue treatment. eight hours in planes from boston (six hours to lgb, almost another two to sfo) had taken their toll, and this, i hoped, might spell relief. 	workflow goes social i was amused this week to see two examples of workflow getting sexy. that’s not how the developers describe their efforts, but the departure from old groupware notions is clear. in daring defiance of zawinski’s proclamation, jeffrey mcmanus, with approver.com, and karen greenwood henke, with nimble net (as reported yesterday), are tackling workflow and approval processes. combine the increasing numbers of people who are self employed or working in very small businesses that can’t afford those old enterprise groupware “solutions” (but who nonetheless have to get a job done) with the combination of luck, pluck and smarts these two seem to have applied to the challenge, and there’s a chance these new products — groupware . 	sweet coffee shop logo how can a person not like ritual coffee roasters [logo][ ]? the [laughing squid][ ] folks [apparently like the place][ ]. [ ]: ritualroasters-com-huge cup.jpg [ ]: http://laughingsquid.com/ &ldquo;laughing squid&rdquo; [ ]: http://laughingsquid.com/ / / /wordcamp-is-this-saturday/ 	dr. frankenstein’s stress-o-meter the scientologists regularly have a table on powell st., somewhere near union square. the game here, if it’s not obvious, is to invite people to take a free stress test, then sit them down and twiddle those unlabeled dials until the needle starts twitching. the blood red table cloth is sure to help. 	a technology for every niche way too many people are processing grant applications on paper. they spend a lot of time moving paper around and they don’t know much about who’s applying until after the deadline. that’s why we built nimble net. karen greenwood henke’s been working the world of grants and grantwriting for years. her site grantwrangler.com, and the new grant wrangler blog represent her efforts to connect grantors with grantees, but nimble net delivers the tools necessary to manage the process from announcement to award, and all the application and review processes in between. 	wordcamp kickoff woot! wordcamp kickoff party at taylor’s automatic refresher (no doubt selected in part because homophone to automattic), at the ferry building. but does it make up for missing wikimania, the librarything bar-b-que-thing, and napoleon dynamite night at the twig? 	go air scooter, go while we’re still waiting for flying cars (or even just fuel efficient cars) i’m keeping track of tiny helicopters like the gen h- and this one, the airscooter ii, pictured above. the company, airscooter corporation of henderson nv, introduces the new craft with a tip of the hat to igor sikorsky‘s earliest designs featuring counter-rotating blades. company founder woody norris (who won an award for acoustics) explains: “what we’ve done is package the coaxial design in a modern light-weight craft that allows for intuitive control and incredible maneuverability. 	the onion greets wikimania wikimania is about to start, but here, the ever-topical onion folk are poking fun at wikipedia. what is there to say when “america’s finest news source” casts aspersions on the world’s newest encyclopedia with the headline wikipedia celebrates years of american independence? extra: watch out for meredith farkas‘ panel presentation on wikis and enabling library knowledgebases. i should have thought of this in the context of ryan eby’s question about librarians going to non-library conferences. 	joe’s favorite novels will pressed joe, asking him to name his top ten favorite books. joe pressed back, saying such lists were ridiculous, but still, sometime later he emailed with the following: okay, here are the books that got to me at certain points in my life. not sure i would view them all the same now, but this is a list of sorts. i found this an interesting challenge, and of course impossible…i have more lists but i stuck to novels… 	opensearch progress i really need to keep better tabs on michael fagan, as his june opensearch update is full of goodies. 	the perils of flickr’s “may offend” button quite a while ago now, stepinrazor asked people to do some self-censorhip in a post in the flickr ideas forum. flybuttafly quickly joined the discussion, noting that she’d encountered some material she found offensive in pictures from other flickr members: “as i’m going through the pictures, one shows up of a protestor holding a sign with a vulgar statement on it.” though she refused to identify what she saw that was offensive, she did note in a later post that she “would never take my child to a pro-abortion rally. 	and now this is happening? when a gossip site has a picture of mel gibson that looks more like ted kaczynski, and a story about drunken, anti-semitic ravings, i think “eh.” but somehow i get more interested agitated when i learn the cops might have sanitized the police report of the whole affair. update: ooh, what about his endorsements? 	dooce and blogher bob, the occasional cultural affairs correspondent here, took me to task: how could you not? no link to dooce.com?? nor to blogher.org??? what can i say? my immediate reaction was that he’d found proof of danah boyd‘s point that male bloggers only link to male bloggers. anyway. the blogher conference just wrapped up, but as ryan notes, i don’t know of any library folk who attended. still, marianne richmond is on-blog, raising our awareness of dopa just like a lot of librarians are trying to do. 	wal-mart trying to ape myspace, seriously i just got a heads up on an advertising age story that wal-mart is trying to be myspace (and, yeah, i aped their headline, too). here’s the lead: it’s a quasi-social-networking site for teens designed to allow them to “express their individuality,” yet it screens all content, tells parents their kids have joined and forbids users to e-mail one another. oh, and it calls users “hubsters” — a twist on hipsters that proves just how painfully uncool it is to try to be cool. 	stage two truth arthur schopenhauer is suggested to have said: every truth passes through three stages before it is recognized. in the first it is ridiculed, in the second it is violently opposed, in the third is regarded as self-evident. if the reaction to karen calhoun‘s report to the library of congress on the changing nature of the catalog and its integration with other discovery tools is any guide, libraries are stuck firmly in the second stage. 	richard cheese’s lounge against the machine richard cheese‘s lounge-core renditions of pop favorites (and some not-so-favorites) have been cracking me up every time they chime into the mix on random, but i didn’t know what the guy looked like until i spied beatnikside‘s photo of the man in among his vegas people set. “cheese,” of course, is a pseudonym for la comedian mark jonathan davis, who’s been performing with a band of cheese-named musicians since . 	two events, two coasts matt mullenweg announced wordcamp in san francisco, then ten days later abby announced the librarything cookout in portland (maine). both are set for august . the librarything event promises free burgers and potato salad, while wordcamp attendees will enjoy both free bbq and free t-shirts. i’d like to go to both, but rather than have to make some decision about which one i’d most like to go to, i’m leaning on the fact that i’d already bought my flight to sfo when the lt event was announced. 	be romantic and smoke his brains out this photo from tsunaminotes appeared in ende’s photo stream and reminded me instantly of all the cool things i’d never done because i was born too late and cool stuff is what i saw in black and white photos from years past. of course, flickr says the photo was taken july th, and the photographers of the past would have burned the bright spot on his cheek during printing, but it still has a classic quality to it. 	pretty little thing fink‘s pretty little thing is this week’s free download at itunes, and i have to say i like it. pretty little thing is not usually what i would listen to but i found the song to be new and interesting, very “fresh”! fink‘s pretty little thing gets a . on pies listening pleasure scale. . 	tags, folksonomies, and whose library is it anyway? i was honored to join the conversation yesterday for the latest talis library . gang podcast, this one on folksonomies and tags. the mp is already posted and, as usual, it makes me wonder if i really sound like that. still, listen to the other participants, they had some great things to say and made it a smart discussion. i approached the conversation with the notion that what we were really talking about was whether libraries should give their patrons the opportunity to organize the resources they value in ways that make sense to them. 	wordcamp as noted here, i’m going to wordcamp in sfo in early august. matt describes it as a barcamp-style event (where “’barcamp-style’ is a code phrase for ‘last minute’”) with “a full day of both user and developer discussion.” i’m just going for the free t-shirt, of course, but i can imagine a number of folks will get a good value out of the sessions and discussions that will likely run, especially all the developer stuff. 	…it’s how you use it not a pretty librarian has kicked things off well with a first post titled “it is not a tool,” covering an argument about which has more value to a teenager: a car or a computer. on one side is the notion that “she can’t drive herself to work with a computer.” while, on the other side is the growing likelihood that she won’t drive to work at all, but instead simply work at whatever computer she has available. 	bsuite bug fixes (release b v ) [innerindex]update: bugfix release b v available. it’s been a while since i released a new version of bsuite, my multi-purpose wordpress plugin. i’d been hoping to finish up a series of new features, but those have been delayed and this is mostly just a collection of bugfixes. this update is recommended for all bsuite users. bsuite features tracks page loads (hits) tracks search terms used by visitors ariving at your site via search engines 	it’s official wpopac, a project i started on my nights and weekends, is now officially one of my day-job projects too. we’ve been using our wpopac-based catalog as a prototype since february , but the change not only allocates a portion of my work time specifically to the development of the project, but also reflects the library‘s decision to transition to wpopac as a our primary web opac. work to make a general release of the wpopac software available for download and use by any library (or anybody who wants to present structured data with faceted searching on the web) is in progress. 	 . the music has been on random for weeks now, but . ‘s “joanne will,” from plays music played this afternoon as soundtrack to the summer rains. brent sirota may struggle to tell us how bad it is (while also giving it a . rating), but this “easier to listen to jazzy than to listen to jazz” turned out to be the perfect accompaniment for the ballet of raindrops and splashes just out of reach from my seat on the porch. 	beermapping.com in yet more geolocation news, beermapping.com‘s maps to breweries will make my travel planning easier, and my travels boozier. hey, it’s casual friday, take off early and go find a new brewpub for lunch. 	plazes updated wearing the badge “still beta,” plazes, the free, network-based geolocation service, now sports a new coat of paint. among the improvements is the flash-based badge (above) and a much improved frontpage/dashboard that combines the map of known locations with the map of active users, formerly two separate screens. on the downside, i sort of miss the old tracker. i love the icons on the new one, but there was a simplicity to the old list of recent plazes and favorite plazes that i liked. 	the flickr is a series of tubes it’s hard to be angry with flickr about unexpected downtime when they post funny things like this. for my part, this is more than just an excuse to link to dj ted stevens’ internet song (yeah, “the internet is a series of tubes”), it’s an excuse to point out how flickr apparently knows how to speak to their customers in language they we understand. i dare a library to do the same next time the opportunity permits. 	opensearch in a nutshell opensearch is a standard way of querying a database for content and returning the results. the official docs note simply: “any website that has a search feature can make their results available in opensearch format,” then adds: “publishing your search results in opensearch™ format will draw more people to your content, by exposing it to a much wider audience through aggregators such as a .com.” it’s a lot easier to understand opensearch once you’ve used it, so take a look at a . 	arctic monkeys while listening to my favorite radio station . fnx, i discovered my new favorite band. the arctic monkeys is a new band that comes from the uk, and their popularity is rocketing. their new album whatever people say i am, that’s what i’m not, has sold more than , copies which makes it the fastest selling debut album in uk history. having heard them months ago i was pleasantly surprised to see the arctic monkeys perform there hit single “i bet you look good on the dance floor” on mtv. 	nelinet it conference proposal i recently submitted my proposal for the nelinet information technology conference. it’s about wpopac, of course, but the excitement now is that the presentation would be the story of the first library outside psu to implement it. wpopac is an open source replacement for a library’s online catalog that improves the usability, findability, and remixability of the library’s collection. this presentation will detail the implementation of wpopac in the real world, including discussion of challenges and costs, as well as the improvements to service and increased access to library materials. 	less than a year left before paris’ retirement yup, tom reminded me recently that there’s less than a year left on the official paris hilton retirement countdown. in case you’ve forgotten, the hamburger-eating heiress announced her retirement in a june issue of newsweek (jump to page two for the relevant bits). don’t get tripped up on the postdated retirement announcement, bill gates announced his intentions to retire in last month, so one might say it’s all the rage. 	technology scouts at aall i’m honored to join katie bauer, of yale university library, in a program coordinated by mary jane kelsey, of yale law’s lillian goldman library. the full title of our program is technology scouts: how to keep your library and ils current in the it world (h- , pm tuesday, room ). my portion of the presentation will focus on how we’re fixing up our catalogs, with a big emphasis on how apis can be used to continuously reinvent the way we look at — and thus understand and use — the information we have. 	the social software over there amusing. one one side of the world is jenny levine, the original library rss bigot, pushing libraries to adopt new technologies from the bottom up, and here on the other side of the world is newsgator offering their products for top-down adoption. why are law libraries interested in newsgator? could it be that social software increases productivity? might it offer some competitive advantage? do they just make it easier to communicate (and keep track of our communications) in today’s web-driven world? 	inclusion or exclusion by language …the time for pedantic purism is past; if we wish to communicate with the larger audience, we must use language they understand. we do not have the luxury of defining our words, their definitions are thrust upon us by usage. i was struck by how much that sounds like something i might have said about libraries — only more compact and pointed — but it’s actually my father describing his position on an argument at the world history association annual conference a couple weeks ago. 	education america today i discovered (thank you ryan) kareem elnahal’s speech as valedictorian of mainland regional high school and i discovered new hope, new faith in our country’s future. when high school students can step up and speak truth to power, as elnahal did so well, i become a believer in the strength of human spirit. “we study what is, never why, never what should be. …[t]his pattern, grade for the sake of a grade, work for the sake of work, can be found everywhere,” said elnahal. 	rocket cars make better fireworks i pointed out this jet turbine powered toyota mr a year ago, but now i’ve discovered ron patrick’s jet powered vw beatle. the story is well told in a san francisco gate article from april (with bonus video), which describes the builder: patrick is a -year-old stanford-trained (ph.d.) engineer who owns ecm (engine control and monitoring), a sunnyvale firm that makes electronic instruments used by auto manufacturers to calibrate their engines for performance, fuel economy and emissions. 	antstepology french vexillographers circulate the national library, protesting flag desecration, too many windows, and cardboard sunscreens. fireworks on the fourth of july promise. celebrate independence day with a drink. tags: banana, bananas, blueberries, blueberry, flag, fourth of july, fruit, independence day, july , july th, patriotic, patriotism, raspberries, raspberry, red white and blue, stars 	celebrate independence day with breakfast let the vexillographers cringe, flag desecration never tasted so good. sure, it’s barbecue season, but that’s no reason not to enjoy breakfast. and what better way to break fast on the fourth of july than to dress waffles as sugary, fruity flags? do that with your hamburgers. do that with your potato salad. do that with your hot dogs. (okay, i can imagine a few ways to do that with all of those, so let’s see the pictures. 	today’s terms tags: , concert, music, political cr… today’s terms tags: , concert, music, political criticism, politics, show, the sun, they might be giants, tmbg echo through pine walls stretch sun along desire’s coast 	they might be giants they might be giants, playing at mohegan sun, drew roars of approval from the crowd when john flansburgh went off-lyric sheet during the sun (which they amusingly described as part of their venue songs series): …the heat and light of the sun are caused by nuclear reactions between a failed foreign policy, a failed domestic policy, and a failed presidency… i’ve not known tmbg to be at all political, just smart. 	saturday, july , : pm is there a term already for what i am about to do? ok, here goes: bad knockoffs of cheap pop oops! i did it again richard thompson strange sense of humor last.fm, despite the suggestion here stream it from npr, go buying. ****kcrwmusic toxi the chapin sisters top tune britney spears episode coverville. **** britney in wax at madame tussaud’s pretending to do hard math some fan with a brit photo on his refrigerator 	oops! i covered it again i don’t know why it is that i love bad knockoffs of cheap pop, but i do. that’s why, when i heard a folksy rendition of oops! i did it again playing between segments on some npr program a while ago, i had to go looking for it. as it turns out, it was richard thompson, whose strange sense of humor apparently pops up in his music regularly. you can find his version indexed in last. 	june : tony day in the two years joe spent researching and writing two ton: one night, one fight — tony galento v. joe louis i’ve heard a lot about this guy. tony galento was a most improbable opponent for louis, who by then had regained the world heavyweight title from max schmeling, but joe’s description tells it best: beetle-browed, nearly bald, a head that rode his collarbones like a bowling ball returning on rails, his waist size more than half his five-foot-eight height, two ton tony galento appeared nearly square, his legs two broomsticks jammed into a vertical hay bale. 	burning patriotism my feelings on the flag burning desecration amendment should have been clear from my flag day story. still, let me offer the t-shirts above as confirmation. 	sealand burning a comment from troublepup alerted me that the principality of sealand burned friday. the evening star explained: witnesses watched in amazement as a huge plume of smoke started to rise from one of the legs of sealand — and boats raced to the scene. seafront worker bruce harrison said: “it was quite spectacular. the amount of smoke was huge and people kept saying there must have been an explosion. 	american diplomacy i don’t collect stamps, but this set caught my eye. first there’s the irony that the usps is celebrating american diplomacy at a time when, well, there’s not much to celebrate. then i get a further chuckle when i notice the postal service can only scrounge up six examples to celebrate, but found “superlatives” to get excited about in their wonders of america collection. of course, the superlatives are relative — the bison is only the largest land mammal in the us, for example — but i don’t know enough to judge the six diplomats. 	the twig’s grand opening wendy sent out this invite last week: last month the monningers quite suddenly became restauranteurs. six weeks later, wendy, joe and pie are excited to announce the grand opening of “the twig”– an ever-so-cute restaurant in their hometown of warren, nh. on saturday, june th from - come to the twig for free pizza and cake. win gift certificates and enjoy the newly-opened “brook-side at the twig,” a beautiful outdoor beer garden along the bank of black brook. 	context, language, systems “bagged products” is little better than “cookery.” i’m gonna bet that no customer has ever asked the sales people for “bagged products,” that nobody’s ever checked the yellow pages for “bagged products,” and without context, nobody would come close to answering a question on what the heck “bagged products” are all about. but we do have context. and within that context, those two words are probably meaningful enough to the potential customers driving by. 	free markets, bad products, slow change rates point a: john blyberg’s ils customer bill-of-rights. point b: dan chudnov’s the problem with the “ils bill of rights” response: john blyberg’s opacs in the frying pan, vendors in the fire while there’s some disagreement between john and dan, i can’t help but see a strong concordance between their posts: both are an attempt to educate potential customers. blyberg wants customers to know what to ask/look for in evaluating products, dchud wants those customers to know how free markets work. 	scooter by sunset the light sunday evening was golden, so i stopped to take way too many photos of the meadow in the sunset. just before filling my memory card with all that, i got back to my scooter to find this scene with a haze settling on the field and the sun just ducking behind enough of a cloud to make the exposure work. well, okay, it was still a double exposure to get the light right across everything, but still… 	spark fun’s gps data logger engadget alerted me to this gps data logger from spark fun electronics. the device records up to hours of data to a mb sd card in either a simple text file or kml-compatible format that you can display in google earth. i like it, i want one (actually, i want three, and i’ll eventually post about why), but the ad copy tweaked me a bit: pull the sd card, insert it into a card reader, […] and wammo–you can see what casey did over lunch with a satellite image overlay. 	the pope vs. the da vinci code the above image and following text are circulating the web, tickling funny bones. this man (on the left wearing a fabulous vintage chiffon-lined dior gold lamé gown over a silk vera wang empire waist tulle cocktail dress, accessorized with a three-foot beaded peaked house of whoville hat, and the ruby slippers judy garland wore in the wizard of oz) is worried that the da vinci code might make the roman catholic church look foolish. 	from the memepool memepool has more than earned its place in my aggregator. where else would i learn of the monkey chow diaries (and blog), or the plot structure of fight club in legos, or this flying dude? 	happy bloomsday thanks to an aside in a sad/angering story at copyfight, i’m now up on bloomsday. here it is, as explained by wikipedia: bloomsday is observed annually on june to celebrate the life of irish writer james joyce and commemorate the events in his novel ulysses, all of which took place on the same day in dublin in . the day is also a secular holiday in ireland. the name derives from leopold bloom, the protagonist in ulysses, and june was the date of joyce’s first outing with his wife-to-be, nora barnacle, when they walked to the dublin village of ringsend. 	google geo news this post started with ryan sending me this link demonstrating a kml overlay of county borders of his bifurcated state in google maps. then i found this roundup of google’s geo developer day (btw, i so wanted to be at where . ) with tales of the new geocoding feature of the google maps api, more details about kml-in-google-maps, geotagging in picasa, and the new google earth . beta. and somewhere along the line, i ran across a link to sketchup, google’s -d modeler that seems built especially to put dimensional structures in google earth. 	donald norman — everyday things i was especially young and impressionable when i discovered don norman‘s the design of everyday things, but i still claim it’s required reading for anybody who’s read more than one post here at maisonbisson. that’s self selection at work, but let me put it this way: unless you’re the only consumer of the things you create, then you need to read this. now. i feel foolish to have only recently discovered norman’s website and essays. 	the ala/no events i’d like to see i’m not going to ala/no so i’m hoping those who are will blog it. two events i’m especially interested in: on sunday, june : catalog transformed: from traditional to emerging models of use this program, co-sponsored by the mars user access to services committee and rusa’s reference services section (rss, formerly mouss), deals with changes in library catalogs in response to the increasing googlization of electronic resources. speakers include: cindy levine (reference librarian for the humanities, north carolina state university), jill newby (english language literature and writing librarian, university of arizona), andrew k. 	the biblioblogger vs. the branch library steve lawson‘s a biblioblogger visits the local branch library is worth a look and quite a hoot. 	squashing criticism vs. improving products i wrote yesterday of nicole engard’s comment that the ils was about as open and flexible as a brick wall. today i learned that the vendor of that ils had tried to squash her public criticism. not cool. it’s pure speculation on my part, but what comes next? surely no vendor would send vinny over to bust an uppity biblioblogger’s knee-caps, but might they offer a customer a better deal if they could just help quiet down a critic within the customer’s organization? 	seven deadly sins seven deadly sins, the some people think seven is too many, others think it’s not enough 	dopa, social software, and libraries i’m more than a month late to this bandwagon, but whatever. jessamyn alerted me to dopa, the proposed deleting online predators act. what’s the point? when conservatives pit fud against free speech, reasonable people would do well to pay attention. and what’s social software? take a look at what meredith farkas has to say about it. 	the ils brick wall &lt;img src=&quot;static-flickr-com- _f e b .jpg&rdquo; width=&quot; &rdquo; height=&quot; &rdquo; alt=&quot;the great wall of &ldquo;standards&rdquo;&rdquo; /&gt; nicole engard last month posted about the state of our ils, describing the systems as: i’d say it’s a like the crazy cousin you have to deal with because he’s family! it doesn’t fit, we are a very open it environment, we have applications all over that need to talk to each other nicely and the [ils] is a brick wall preventing us from getting the information we need and sending the information we’d like. 	darn dns so, you should expect problems when you move your server to a new ip and don’t bother to update the internic registration for your nameservers. it’s an area where i don’t have much experience, so i had to go looking for the solution. paul woutrs gave some tips to get started in his short document on the subject. but the real lesson there was that i had to go back to the registrar where i’d originally registered the nameserver objects to change the registration. 	did adam and eve have navels? did adam and eve have navels? : discourses on reflexology, numerology, urine therapy, and other dubious subjects filed under “science — miscellanea“ 	ugh. “save npr and pbs (again)” my dad just forwarded the following message to me: hi, everyone expected house republicans to give up efforts to kill npr and pbs after a massive public outcry stopped them last year. but they’ve just voted to eliminate funding for npr and pbs—unbelievably, starting with programs like “sesame street.” public broadcasting would lose nearly a quarter of its federal funding this year. even worse, all funding would be eliminated in two years–threatening one of the last remaining sources of watchdog journalism. 	t unboxed and online my sun t is here, and with cliff‘s help it’s now patched, configured, and online. (aside: what’s a sun happy meal?) i’ll second jon‘s assessment that sun really should put some reasonable cable adapters in the box, as the the bundle of adapters necessary to make a null modem connection to the box is ridiculously out of scale (i’ll get a picture soon). i’m getting the application environment put together, which has turned out easier than expected thanks to the convenient packages from blastwave. 	ego soars because sometimes i feel i’m just moving my lips to the sound of babble, it’s a great delight to find a blog post that suggests i said something coherent. extra: my wife just pointed out this one with photo. 	nina katchadourian’s sorted books it seems common among contemporary artists that a web search might turn up a few pictures of their works, but not much about them or their works. in this case it’s nina katchadourian and the work i’m interested in is her sorted books project. a video interview from the university of colorado and researchchannel.org does offer some insight into katchadourian’s art, but why are such glimpses so rare? anyway, i was happy to find her compact, graphic poetry. 	thenonist how can i not appreciate thenonist‘s link dumps and other posts when they’re illustrated with works like those above? the men in suits come from may . june offers us these funny trading cards and a gallery of horror movie damsels (in distress, of course). june offers a good look at sincerity among other things. and all of this amidst a context of intelligent commentary and smart politics. 	i want url addressable spreadsheet cells (and cell-ranges) when i heard news that google was to release a spreadsheet companion to their freshly bought writely web-based word processing app, i got excited about all the things they could do to make it more than just a copy of numsum. let’s face it, google’s the gorilla in the room here and they’re gonna squash numsum, but wouldn’t it be cool if… well, dmitry nekrasovski get’s credit for planting the notion of url-addressable rows, columns, and cells in my mind with this commentary from months ago: 	solaris + amp, asap a solaris sysadmin i’m not. but now that i’ve finally got the sun t server i begged for a while back, i’ve got to ramp it up right quick. the first task is to get a, um, lamp environment up and running (samp?…oh, sun wants us to call it amps). a bit of googling turned up this forum thread that suggested blastwave.org‘s ports of php, mysql, and apache. edit: i corrected the model number. 	circle of gorillas thenonist brings the story of buddy/gargantua the great back with better pictures in a post subtitled “buddy, the gorilla who was scared of lightning” 	the urls from my portland talk following edward tufte’s advice, i’ve been wanting to offer a presentation without slides for a long time now; i finally got my chance in portland. the downside is that now i don’t have anything to offer as a takeaway memory aid for my talk. my speaking notes are too abstract to offer for public consumption, but below are the urls from them along with a tiny bit of context. foundation 	prime as it turns out, + , , , is not just the largest bit signed integer you’ll find most anyplace, it’s also a prime number. 	asian scooter gangs the members of this taiwanese scooter gang might really be cooler than me. well, they would be cooler if the scooter gangs weren’t also known to be violent: a scooter gang viciously attacked and injured teenagers — three critically — while on a violent joyride in taipei county’s tucheng city… the gang of more than scooter-riding thugs, who brandished large knives and baseball bats, went after most of their hapless victims as they were barbecuing for the mid-autumn festival. 	car lust i told vincent that i didn’t really care much for cars. it was my sister, i explained, that wanted to look. vincent agreed quickly and said it was rock climbing that excited him most. cars, it turned out, were just a family thing he had to play along with. still, he told me about the lotus‘ under pound dead weight, noted the tiny engine that gets nearly miles a gallon yet delivers to in better than five seconds, then opened the door and suggested i shoehorn myself inside. 	will google eat itself? once upon a time microsoft was the gorilla to beat. once upon a time we thought google could do it. perhaps not any more. amazon has dropped google’s search results from their a search aggregator in favor of microsoft’s live search, and while yahoo!’s on again, off again partnership talks with microsoft appear dead after y!’s announcement thursday of a partnership with ebay, microsoft still hasn’t given up on the notion. 	sweet portland central library in portland wasn’t open when i returned the next morning to get some snapshots, but you’ll have to take my word that they did a great job renovating it ten years ago. the outside preserves the original appearance of this historic building, and the early hour of the shot hides the hive of activity that i found the previous afternoon. i have to thank caleb and caroline for showing around town, and offer my apologies to heidi and alice, who had offered me tips and suggestions that i (again) didn’t have time to follow up on. 	denver sights there’s plenty of public art in denver, including a blue bear and this horse in a red chair (here and here, respectively). tourists can also sneak a peak inside the unsinkable molly brown’s house on pennsylvania st. what i didn’t get to explore, however, includes tesla’s time in colorado springs, the forney transportation museum, norad, the remains of the jewish consumptives’ relief society (apparently still findable behind a mall somewhere), and gary sweeney’s “america: why i love her” map at the airport. 	denver nights el chapultepec is a little jazz club on market st in lodo. the walnut room just north of everything offers live music and a sweet mile high club pizza made “kitchen sink style.” those seeking quieter times can smoke a cigar at the churchill bar at the brown palace on tremont pl. and, outstanding sunset views can be had from the peaks lounge at the hyatt on california st. 	presentation: designing an opac for web . iug presentation: designing an opac for web . (also available as a pdf with space for notes) web . and other “ . ” monikers have become loaded terms recently. but as we look back at the world wide web of , there can be little doubt that today’s web is better and more useful. indeed, that seems to be the conclusion millions of americans are making, as current estimates show over million users in the us, including % of youth - . 	and we’re discarding this? i read enough of this to get a good laugh, but not enough to understand if it was serious or not. some of it reads like satire, but other parts as are dry as, well, they’re dry (who really needs a simile anyway, they’re just dry, okay?). 	scooter my new scooter. it’s not much of a picture, but we’ve had two weeks of rain and this is what i could get. 	whiskey blanket i just bought whiskey blanket‘s it’s warmer down here ( ) on the basis of a few tracks they offered on myspace. it’s hip hop, socially critical hip hop (crit hop?), set atop a well constructed downtempo trip hop music bed (yeah, i’ll cut it with the hops already). it immediately brought to mind mc ft. jesus‘s the city sleeps and other tracks, but with better, sharper raps and without the mc’s somewhat whiny voice. 	flickr goes gamma just when we started wondering how much longer flickr would be beta, they announced gamma. the new design had me scratching my head for a bit, but i’m coming to like the changes. the menu/toolbar in the header has direct links to a lot more stuff, while the stuff in the footer has many fewer links. i can’t really tell if there are any links missing there, or if they’re just organized better, as i really only used one or two of them anyway. 	better business bureau pulls one out i gave up on hostgator a while ago, and i thought i’d cancelled my account until i noticed they were still charging me monthly (yeah, i should pay more attention to what’s on my cc bill). when i contacted them about it they claimed i never fully cancelled. here’s a copy of the form i submitted: hgsales #gsw-[[private]] october , : : pm edt subject: cancellation department: hostgator sales request details: your email: : [[private]] domain name: : maisonbisson. 	linkability fertilizes online communities it’s hard to know how fuzzyfruit found the wpopac catalog page for a baby sister for frances (though it is ranked fifth in a google search for the title), but what matters is that she did find it, and she was able to link to it by simply copying the url from her browser’s location bar. the link appears among her comments in the discussion about her post on an early letter she’d written to her mom. 	stonehill industrial history center (aka the shovel museum) most travel guides simply call it the “shovel museum,” but it’s really the stonehill industrial history center. much more than shovels, curator greg galer tells us the collection reveals interesting facts about what we were building and how we built it over the past years. located on the campus of stonehill college in easton massachusetts, the collection does boast shovels from the ames manufacturing companies. from the faq: 	blogging from basements my buddy cliff emailed me excited about the following quote he found on the yahoo finance message boards: sun vs dell all you need to know about dell &amp; sun was predicted months ago by some blogger in his parent’s basement. the draft ads are cool: http://spiralbound.net/ / / /sun-talks-some-smack/ how come the big brokerage house analysts can’t figure this stuff out? cliff doesn’t really blog from his parent’s basement, but well, he was happy for the link love. 	pretty soon everybody will have it this isn’t as funny as it used to be. every time i read about or hear of somebody talking about autism, i recognize some many of the behaviors as my own. first it was this rather amusing comparison between “eccentric” and autistic behaviors, then it was an interview on fresh air, and just this weekend i heard kamran nazeer talking about his new book that profiles himself and four other autistic adults. 	amazon’s simple storage service ryan eby got me excited about s a while ago when he pointed out this post on the amazon web services blog and started talking up the notion of building library-style digital repositories. i’m interested in the notion that storage is being offered as a commodity service, where it used to be closely connected to servers and bought (and wasted) in chunks. with s , you can build a simple application that runs anywhere, store your big data in s , pay for what you use, and expand (or contract) as you need to. 	reputation management at applied dreams . ryan gave me the drop on this presentation by dave chiu and didier hilhorst where they do an amusingly effective job of explaining the concept of reputation management. it all went down at the conclusion of the applied dreams . project at interaction design institute ivrea in milano. the project brief begins: our identities are changing due to our constant exposure to enabling technologies. our old physical identities, fixed to a house, an address, a tax number, private, detached, individual, introvert, seem increasingly at odds with our new electronic identities, mobile, self-published, publicly exposed, extrovert, shared, accessible, communal. 	betty bowers first i found her harry potter review, then i found the god told me to hate you buttons and other stuff. 	who makes these decisions anyway? brian’s comment at remainingrelevant should resonate with many of us: something to consider about why libraries end up with bad interfaces (at least as far as catalogs go) is that it might be that the people who use the interface (and help the public use it) are not the people who decide which interface to use. when it comes to demanding better from vendors […] consortiums like mine seem to place more emphasis on “cheap and reliable” than in “useful to the patrons. 	george bush and cognitive dissonance: “evolution is a lie” and “bird flu will evolve to threaten humans” alpha liberal reminds me that bush somehow gets his head around the following: “the jury is still out on evolution” and “the bird flu virus could evolve to a form that can be spread easily from human to human” eh, i’ll take any excuse to point to michelle leeds’ photo and bash bush’s stupidity. 	used brains and black plague, on ebay he he. chuckle, chuckle. thanks to kris and brett for these pics. they ads are still there now when i search google for used brain or black plague. my question is: does ebay just submit bulk lists of terms they want to buy, or do they have a deal with google to just link ’em up like this? 	authority and base jumping authority has varied meanings in every context. this piece on ifilm has iiro seppanen explaining his view of the matter as it relates to jumping off the stratosphere in las vegas. view above, or click through to base concepts: authority. 	i don't need an excuse to drink tequila, but i'll eagerly take one ian chadwick’s in search of the blue agave begins: “tequila is mexico,” said carmelita roman, widow of the late tequila producer jesus lopez roman in an interview after her husband’s murder. “it’s the only product that identifies us as a culture.” no other drink is surrounded by as many stories, myths, legends and lore as tequila and its companion, mezcal. they transcend simple definition by reaching into the heart of mexico, past and present. 	q: why do some things suck? a: because we compare them to the wrong things. i’m in training today for a piece of software used in libraries. it’s the second of three days of training and things aren’t going well. some stuff doesn’t work, some things don’t work the first (second, third…ninth) time, and other things just don’t make sense. at lunch, one of the other participants mentioned to the trainer that some of the activities in the software seemed to have too many steps, too many places to go wrong, too many turns between beginning and end. 	wpopac gets googled a discussion on web lib last month raised the issue of google indexing our library catalogs. my answer spoke of the huge number of searches being done in search engines every day and the way that people increasingly expect that anything worth finding can be found in google. there were doubts about the effectiveness of such plans, and concerns about how frustrating it might be for a searcher in california to find books (that he or she can’t access) in new hampshire. 	higher ed blog con (and other things i should have posted about last month) i meant to post about this weeks ago, but highered blogcon has now come and gone. it had sections on teaching, libraries, crm, and web development. (aside: why must we call it “admissions, alumni relations, and communications &amp; marketing” instead of the easier to swallow “crm”?) the “events” are over, but everything is online, and most of it is free. ryan did a good job of covering the first few days, and what would a blog conference be without a common tag? 	linkrot? we don’t have any steenking linkrot! allen asked, via the web lib list: i’m interested in how others handle linkrot in library blogs. do you fix broken links? remove them if they can’t be fixed? do nothing? michael answered: i deal with link rot on blogs as i would with any other publication, print or otherwise: do nothing. the post is dated and users should be aware that links from two years ago may no longer work. 	frank rich on bush’s last days frank rich’s new york times op-ed column today was full of the kind of easy one-liners that repressives conservatives usually like to use against honest people progressives. i got it from my friend joe, but because the new york times thinks their content is golden, they won’t let me link you to the full-text. eh, i looked it up in lexisnexis (also a paid service, but better (marginally)) and posted the good parts here: 	kobb labs joe forwarded me a link to kobb labs the other day, and i’ve got to admit that the guy has a much better introduction than anything i could have written for my site: despite what you may have been told, i am not a mad scientist. (no, no, no, that’s all slander and lies from jealous colleagues.) as you can probably tell from my website, i’m just a man curious about the universe and the order of things. 	moba revisited i had a good opportunity to revisit the museum of bad art in dedham mass earlier this week. above is my buddy corey, but i was amused to find that visitors appear to be leaving their own works for the collection. 	cupcakes? “i’ve never seen the inside of a rabbit’s brain before. what’s in there anyway?” “nobody knows yet. johnson and i are hoping it’s cupcakes.” “me too. except vegan cupcakes. because i’m a vegan. vegans don’t eat animals or animal prod–” “i know what vegan means, thomas. you’ve told us.” “well, i was just saying, because–” “i know what vegan means” thank you, tristan. 	twenty years and a day mark nelson’s pripyat series on flickr is full of the pictures of desolation that people seem to be looking for as we solemnly honor the twentieth anniversary of the chernobyl disaster. google added high-resolution satellite photos of the area yesterday, and pripyat.com offers both stories and photo galleries to help us remember. it is there that i learned that rimma kiselica, the woman who has guided so many of those who’ve reported from the dead-zone, died on march . 	chernobyl and pripyat satellite photos today, on the twentieth anniversary of the disaster, google has added high-resolution satellite photos of the chernobyl nuclear power plant and the abandoned town of pripyat. above is the plant; the damaged reactor is on the left. in pripyat, the ghostly ferris wheel was easy to find, but where’s the vehicle graveyard? update: here it is. hat tip to “di” and “pero ” for their comments. 	twenty years ago today twenty years ago today at : : , the chernobyl npp reactor number four exploded. five thousand tons of lead, sand, and other materials were dropped on the resulting fire in an attempt to stop the spread of the radioactive cloud. the world learned of the accident when western european nuclear facilities identified radiation anomalies and traced them to the chernobyl plant, forcing the ussr to make its first public announcement on the matter. 	boolean searching in wpopac wpopac takes advantage of mysql’s indexing and relevance-ranked searching (go ahead, try it), including boolean searching (on mysql versions &gt; .x). here are some details and examples taken wholesale from the mysql manual: + a leading plus sign indicates that this word must be present in each result returned. – a leading minus sign indicates that this word must not be present in any of the resuls that are returned. 	shifting borders my first reaction to the notion of librarians running reading groups in second life was a question of whether this was akin to putting a reference desk in a bar. my second reaction was a question of how our systems will support these extra-library interactions. can people quickly and easily trade urls to access the library materials they’re talking about? will library systems ever be as easy to use as the game/social environments we’re trying to use them in? 	living the life embarrassing, stupid online without contradicting the moral weight of social software post from last week, let’s take a moment to look at three stories from arstechnica about myspace and others: online video leads to teen arrests, shooting rampage avoided due to myspace posting, and google + facebook + alcohol = trouble. these are the stories we’ve come to expect: teen does or post the results of something [stupid|illegal|dangerous] in [myspace|facebook|some other online place] and gets caught. 	that crazy gnarls barkley other than the notion that i heard it on a kcrw music show, i couldn’t put my finger on the tune weaving through my head. so i listened, and listened carefully, waiting to hear it again. eventually i learned the earworm was gnarls barkley‘s crazy (thanks to molly for the mp download link). the group, a collaboration between dj danger mouse (of the grey album infamy) and cee-lo, released the single on myspace and created a new instant sensation in late march. 	movie: airport iain anderson‘s animated film, aiport, shows even the most pedestrian of designs come to life with a bit of creativity. elsewhere, a post at copyfight, suggests that the availability of those symbols — their freedom from copyright and trademark restrictions — was a key factor in spurring their broad adoption, creating both the culture and the free imagery for artists like anderson to use in their cultural commentary. 	bush: “i invented the ipod” president bush, speaking in alabama at the american competitiveness initiative, made a claim that would make al gore blush: he claimed to have invented the ipod. after taking credit for the development of ultra-small hard drives, audio compression, and chemistry(?), he laid it out: “it turned out that those were the key ingredients for the development of the ipod.” tip o’ the hat to engadget. 	bibliochaise what book lover doesn’t look twice at this bibliochaise from nobody&amp;co? 	the wealth of networks wendy seltzer gave a shout-out for yochai nenkler‘s the wealth of networks: how social production transforms markets and freedom, describing it as… …an economic history of information production. we’re moving from the age of industrial information production to one of social information production. ever-faster computers on our desks let us individually produce what would have taken a firm to organize just a decade ago. ever-further networks let us share that with the world as cheaply as storing it for ourselves. 	danah boyd on the moral weight of social software danah boyd posted recently at many-to-many about the future of social software. i’ve been more than a little bit gung ho on web . for a while, but i do like her caution: if myspace falters in the next - years, it will be because of this moral panic. before all of you competitors get motivated to exacerbate the moral panic, think again. if the moral panic succeeds: youth will lose (even more) freedom of speech. 	wordpress baseline changes to support wpopac i’ve whittled things down to the point where the only baseline change from wordpress . . is in the next_posts_link function of the wp-includes/template-functions-links.php file. the change is necessary because wpopac rewrites the sql search queries in a way that’s incompatible with a piece of this function, but necessary for performance reasons. 	where’d all my rewrite rules go? between wordpress .x and .x there was a big change to the way rewrite rules are handled. in the old days, everything got written out to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://httpd.apache.org/docs/ . /mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriterule&quot;&gt;.htaccess&lt;/a&gt; file. every condition, every form of permalink could be found there, and i had some comfort knowing i could see and mess with it all. i was a bit surprised to find that with . . , wp writes out a sparse file that has only one significant rule. 	bloody tax day april has been tax day in the us for as long as anybody can remember, but with the weekend and all, most of us have ’til monday to file and some of us in the northeast have ’til tuesday. the thing i don’t like about tax time is that it brings out the worst in me. most any other time of the year i’m a pinko liberal, but the anticipation of taxes makes me look decidedly conservative and ornery. 	the crucible who wouldn’t like to play with the crucible‘s “fire truck”? what’s “the crucible”? [it’s] an arts education center that fosters a collaboration of arts, industry and community. through training in the fine and industrial arts, the crucible promotes creative expression, reuse of materials and innovative design while serving as an accessible arts venue for the public. you can see the truck at the make magazine maker faire later this month, and in july at the crubible’s fire arts festival. 	movie combos this is strange enough on its own, but i dare you to use it as a soundtrack to this one. 	printer fingerprinting news came out a while ago that many of our laser printers were embedding “fingerprints” that allowed folks who knew how (like, say, the feds) to trace a printed page back to the day and time it was printed, and the serial number of the printer. or, at least that was the theory, until the eff got all csi on it. the image above is magnified x and illuminated with blue light to increase the contrast of the yellow dot pattern used by xerox docucolor printers. 	php ’s simplexml now passes cdata content i didn’t hear big announcement of it, but [deep in the docs][ ] (? php . . ) you’ll find a note about [additional libxml parameters][ ]. in there you’ll learn about “libxml_nocdata,” and it works like this: simplexml_load_string($xmlraw, &lsquo;simplexmlelement&rsquo;, libxml_nocdata); without that option (and with all previous versions of php/simplexml), simplexml just ignores any &lt; ![cdata[...]]&gt; ‘escaped’ content, such as you’ll find in most every blog feed. [ ]: http://us .php.net/manual/en/function.simplexml-load-string.php [ ]: http://us . 	reboot your ‘pod colin has a nifty guide to your ipod’s hidden commands, like those for rebooting or getting into the diagnostics. he’s got more ipod tips if you look. 	good headline don’t these mainich daily news editors think they’re the shit when they get to combine “bondage” and “rope” in the same headline. 	i will trademark your every word yes, as it turns out, “freedom of expression®” is a trademarked term. and, yes, as it turns out, somebody’s been cease and desisted for using it. 	email is for old people i happened to stumble back onto the pew internet report on teens and technology from july that report that told us “ % of [us children] between the ages of and are online.” but the part i’d missed before regarded how these teens were using communication technology: email, once the cutting edge “killer app,” is losing its privileged place among many teens as they express preferences for instant messaging (im) and text messaging [sms] as ways to connect with their friends. 	i m super heros gotta go too, ya know? 	we regret the error not all errors in news reporting are as trivial as this one: the cost of beer kegs has risen by about % since the end of . in addition, neil witte is the draught beer quality-control specialist of boulevard brewing co., and steven pauwels is the brewer’s brewmaster. a march page-one article on beer-keg theft incorrectly said that the cost of kegs has tripled in recent years and incorrectly said that mr. 	and he did it in a tie steve jobs demos nextstep 	macs vs. pcs vista delayed the delay is the latest problem for the software giant’s flagship operating system. microsoft had originally slated the software for release in late , but pushed back its target date to summer and dropped several planned features to try to guarantee delivery. the company attributed the delay to the extra time needed to insure quality and fix remaining security issues. macsimum news | apple &amp; macintosh related news reviews &amp; opinions 	bad quality i should be all down on this sneaky way of advertising nokia’s n , but…eh, they’re funny. bad quality officechairs is the latest, bad quality hydraulics (somebody tell them it’s “pneumatics”) and bad quality superglue bring up the rear. if that isn’t enough, they’ve got the bad quality blog which pulls back the curtain a bit. if you look around a bit, however, you might stumble across nokia’s lifeblog (“feed it, watch it grow”): 	zhang huan’s “my boston” most people may recognize zhang huan from his “my new york” work that had him dressed in a beefy muscle suit. above is “my boston,” but i have a feeling it might get repurposed elsewhere during finals this spring to represent the agony of study. ups to ryan for the pointer. 	drive thru crucifixion 	titles and typefaces ryan pointed out that the titles for thank you for smoking are pretty interesting, then he followed up with a pointer to some font spotting at typographica. 	dns problems things went whacky with dotster‘s hosted dns services last night. though the problem now appears to be fixed on their end (and i’ve actually move elsewhere in my attempts to get back online), it could be a while before the bad data is flushed from caches around the world. in the meantime, let me mention that ryan shared with me a useful tool i’d not seen before: dnsreport. 	interesting, scary ilya khrzhanovsky’s . more. 	identity management in social spaces (note: the following is cross-posted at identity future.) being that good software — the social software that’s nearly synonymous with web . — is stuff that gets you laid, where does that leave idm? danah boyd might not have been thinking about it in exactly those terms, but her approach is uniquely social-centered. she proposes “secureid” what is secureid? secureid is a program that helps you protect and control your digital identity by allowing you to determine who can access your private information. 	big iron won’t win wars anymore technology changes things, sure. the question is, how do you recognize the early signs of change before they become catastrophic? i spend most of my days working on that question in academia, but what about our armed forces? noah shachtman regularly covers that issue in defensetech: like a lot of other sage observers, naval postgraduate school professor john arquilla isn’t nuts about the idea of spending a ton on cold war-style weapons systems when we’re supposed to be fighting terrorists and insurgents. 	sparkline php sparklines are “intense, simple, wordlike graphics? so named by edward tufte. in lieu of a more detailed introduction, professor tufte’s site has an early release of a chapter on sparklines. cool. here’s a php library and accompanying documentation wiki. 	more bsuite hacking update: bugfix release b v available. some conversations with chow kah soon, who’s site is full of diversions from work , finally convinced encouraged me to solve some small problems that were giving him big trouble. chow kah soon is in the lucky, but rare, position of having over , unique daily visitors to his site, so he’s sort of my designated stress-tester. after looking at the logs he shared with me, the table structure, and the queries in bsuite, it was pretty clear that i needed to make some changes to the indexes. 	winter’s last breath snow and rain mixed throughout the day tuesday, but we awoke to glistening white fields and trees. above is the view due west in wentworth this morning, before the warm spring sun melted it all away. 	don’t think you use web . ? think again it can be hard for library folk to imagine that the web development world might be as divided about the meaning and value of “web . ” as the library world is about “library . ,” but we/they are. take jeffrey zeldman’s anti-web . , anti-ajax post, for instance. zeldman’s a smart guy, and he’s not entirely off-base, but let’s not confuse his argument. what you don’t see him suggesting is that we abandon the web. 	“i hate drm” and other projects to preserve the digital artistic commons people hate drm. it prevents law abiding folks from enjoying the music and movies they’ve purchased, and it does little to prevent crackers from making illegal copies. in response, somebody’s created i hate drm, “a site dedicated to reclaiming consumer digital rights.” i created this site because, as a consumer, i am fed up. i feel like all of the entertainment that i love is slowly being eroded away by overly greedy companies. 	number sequences think about it, at the moment this post went live, it was one hour, two minutes, and three seconds past midnight greenwich mean time. why’s that matter? it doesn’t, but it looks cool: : : - - of course, brits and most others don’t represent dates that way, so the point is really only valid in us local time. c’mon, let’s wait up. 	richard sambrook talks citizen journalism i’m not sure what to think of richard sambrook appearing to struggle to find a place for traditional journalism in the age of the internet, but the story’s worth a read. david weinberger […] talked about the crisis in us journalism with failing trust in the big news organisations. he pointed out that google now provided a news service with just an algorithm where there used to be a newsroom of dozens of people — and suggested algorithms were probably more reliable than journalists anyway! 	getting things done, and feeling okay about it how’s a guy supposed to feel when his manager gives him a copy of david allen’s getting things done? 	go get yer podcast on gizmodo pointed out these usb and firewire podcasting kits from alesis. the package gets you a (hopefully not sucky) microphone with desktop stand, headphones, a carrying case, podcast production software, cubase le recording and editing software, and a digital mixer that plugs directly into the computer via usb or firewire (duh). the us$ usb version does two channels of bit/ . khz audio while the us$ firewire model cranks eight channels of bit/ khz sound. 	information behavior it was more than a year ago that lorcan dempsey pointed out this bit from the chronicle: librarians should not assume that college students welcome their help in doing research online. the typical freshman assumes that she is already an expert user of the internet, and her daily experience leads her to believe that she can get what she wants online without having to undergo a training program. indeed, if she were to use her library’s web site, with its dozens of user interfaces, search protocols, and limitations, she might with some justification conclude that it is the library, not her, that needs help understanding the nature of electronic information retrieval. 	atlanta art scene, spring atlanta was a bit of a lark. i hadn’t seen my friends for a while, and they were telling me that the weather was beautiful. so why not go? anyway, chuck close is on display at the high museum. and the thing about close’s work is that it frustrates my rule of “don’t do twice what you can automate once.” many of his portraits are the result of carefully mapped and measured graph lines that allow him to create pixelated works. 	water feature we were excited in new hampshire to have the first week of weather warm enough to go out without our coats at midday, but atlanta was warm enough to hop in the pool and hot tub after midnight. 	abductions i don’t know how i feel about shilling for the california dairy industry, but this cow abduction site is pretty funny. be sure to watch the movie. want more, go look at mailorderchickens.org. 	the aural times thanks again to a good tip from ryan, i’ve get something new to laugh at: the aural times. 	did i really just put this together? huh. noah shachtman tells us that even with the wars in iraq and afghanistan raging, our military forces are spending $ billion to arm up for a new enemy. but whom? china. then over here we’re reminded that china is the us’s largest creditor. 	facts of life a person will do certain things for money. 	idm takes lessons from the microformats crowd a tip from [ryan][ ] sent me [looking][ ] at [microid][ ]: a new identity layer to the web and [microformats][ ] that allows anyone to simply claim verifiable ownership over their own pages and content hosted anywhere. the idea is to hash a user’s email address (or other identifier) with the name of the site it will be published on, giving a string that can be inserted — in true microformats style — as an element of the html on the site. 	…and a mechanical turk to rule them all paul bausch has concerns about amazon’s mechanical turk: i can imagine a world where my computer can organize my time in front of the screen better than i can. in fact, i bet [amazon’s mechanical turk] will eventually gather data about how many [human intelligence tasks] someone can perform at peak accuracy in a hour period. once my hit-level is known, the computer could divide all of my work into a series of decisions. 	involvement, inclusion, collaboration peter caputa dropped a comment on jeff nolan‘s post about zvents. the discussion was about how online event/calendar aggregators did business in a world where everything is rather thinly distributed. part of the problem is answering how do you get people to contribute content — post their events — to a site that has little traffic, and how do you build traffic without content? the suggestion is that you have editorial staff scouring for content to build the database until reader contributions can catch up, and that’s where peter comes in, suggesting that content and traffic aren’t where the value and excitement are: 	twenty years after chernobyl nearly years after the initial events of the chernobyl nuclear disaster of april , the story is still unfolding. this month’s national geographic magazine tells of the “long shadow of chernobyl” — grown children of the disaster now fear having their own children while some elderly residents return to their old homes inside the , square mile, still contaminated “exclusion zone.” the print article seemed to offer hope, noting that even the pines of the “red forest” — so called because they received so much radiation that it bleached the chlorophyl from them, and some say the trees actually glowed — are beginning to grow back now. 	germaine i found germaine across from the prudential center friday. his sound was good and i especially liked his snare drum. 	door of mystery i found myself wandering about boston public library for longer than i expected friday. part of it was the map exhibit and part of it was the architecture (and simply a place to relax for a bit). amusingly, stairs and stairways seem filled with drama at bpl, and if the guard hadn’t just warned me about taking flash photos, i might have tried to sneak a peak behind that door. 	questions are all around us these pictures are mostly foolish, but here’s a small point: none of us had ever seen a cop pull over a cab — certainly not a cab with passengers — before this, so we were all rather curious about why. in front of us stood a question, an example of the many questions we all encounter every day, and it’s the kind of question that few of us would ever suggest going to the library to answer. 	the things they do to students at rice i won’t say why i went looking for pictures of people getting poked with sticks (but you’ll figure it out in a later post). i will say i was happy to find these from the poke-a-spontaneous-combustion-member-with-a-stick-day at rice university. look, they even have a price list that includes: $ poke with a stick song/poem on demand two minute massage lick a sc member $ picture with [unreadable] kissing whack with a stick $ marker tattoo $ attempt hedge jumping $ human piñata shave a leg we wrestle each other $ jump into hedges nowhere on the site does it note how much the fundraiser netted for “rice’s best (only) improvisational comedy troupe. 	business marketing babble makes me laugh found on jeff nolan’s blog: competitive intelligence: “a large fuzzy animal may be a bear.” marketing: “sap can help you understand your fuzzy animals. with over years in the fuzzy animal industry, we know if you are looking at a bear, a guy in a coat, or a large dog.” communications: “in today’s world of increasing challenges, it’s obvious fuzzy animals are what our customers care about.” sales: “who cares what it is. 	tomorrow in human computer interaction my dutch skills are weak to non-existant, and without a google translator for macarena.be, i’m pretty much stuck with staring at the above video and contemplating the short description provided: a movie about the technology which apple has recently patented. it is not a movie made by apple but by some researchers. fortunately, this is an area where video is much more illustrative than words. i sometimes get accused of blue sky thinking when i speak of the role of technology in our lives, but while i go on about how access to huge volumes of instantly searchable information is changing us, this video shows a rather near future where we can manipulate it ways that seemed like science fiction just the other day. 	facial recognitition spytech goes social troy expressed both great amusement and trepidation in his message alerting me to riya, a new photo sharing site: i don’t know whether to say cool, or zool. the tour explains that you upload photos, riya identifies faces in your photos, then asks you to name them (or correct its guesses!). then you get all your friends to join up and we can all search for everybody by people, location, and time. 	speaking my language i loved this quote from dave young when i first found it, and i love it more now: talk to the customer in the language of the customer about what matters to the customer. bad advertising is about you, your company, your product or your service. good advertising is about the customer, and how your product or service will change their world. read that again, but replace the relevant bits with “user” or “patron” and “your library” or “your databases. 	wyoming libraries marketing campaign i have mixed feelings about the value of advertising — it’s worth pointing out that according to john battelle, google never ran an ad anywhere prior to going public — but i still enjoy seeing things like this wyoming libraries campaign. jill stover quotes wyoming libraries’ tina lackey with the news that “wyoming’s libraries are as expansive as the state, and as close as down the street.” i’m just hoping that a, the horse is real; and b, they auction it off. 	gates harshes poor, tells them to buy windows what’s sadder than people in burundi earning an average of only $ a year? it might be bill gates‘ criticism of mit’s efforts to bring affordable, networked computers to the poorest countries of the world in hopes of improving education (and communication and healthcare and more). the challenge is enormous: the technology needs to be durable, require low-power (and be easily rechargeable), as easy to use as an egg timer, have networking in a land without infrastructure, and be cheap, cheap, cheap. 	can actors sell their digital clones? alan wexelblat in copyfight poses a question from a reader about the future of entertainment: what rights do you purchase/license/contract for in creating such a reproduction of a real person? rights to the “likeness?” performance rights? do either of these cover things the actor never physically did or said? is there an exclusivity clause? there are clearly some issues around the ownership of a character, if that character has appeared before (e. 	pravda march headline: us to collapse on feb i regularly check the english language online edition of pravda for laughs and sometimes for their take on us domestic affairs. but today’s headline left me scratching my head. what calendar are these people using, anyway? the headlined story is offered without any context or explanation. as it turns out, author ian magnussen really did mean february th , not or later. had it appeared two months ago it might have been called speculative fiction, though more likely seen as a crazy conspiracy theory. 	flight of the conchords ryan sent along a link to flight of the concords‘ business time last week and i’m still laughing over it. with some exploring at a fansite, what the folk!, i dug up a trove of other amusements, including she’s so hot boom. for more info, i turned (as usual) to the wikipedia article. and if i had hbo, i could have caught a repeat of them on one night stand this past wednesday. 	maisonbisson cultural reporter at sxsw, can’t get tickets, brushes with owen wilson instead sxsw passes have apparently been sold out for weeks now. so what’s bob garlitz, the maisonbisson cultural affairs reporter, to do? hunt for celebrities around austin, of course. here’s how he describes his first hit: i look at him intently, he’s about six inches in front of me. a long pause as i study his face and especially note the nose. he waits, expecting, knowing, what’s next. he’s shorter than me, in a white cap, white t-shirt and maybe white jeans. 	everybody’s irish with a quart o’ whiskey in ‘em modern drunkard magazine suggests we chase the snakes out of our minds, for as yeats reminds us: the problem with some people is that when they’re not drunk, they’re sober. (ryan points out that you can have that quote, along with three others from quipsters dylan thomas, w.c. fields, and oscar wilde on shot glasses.) but modern drunkard and yeats (despite his fine heritage) have it wrong. saint patty’s day isn’t about getting drunk or being drunk, it’s about getting silly enough to think you can dance a jig or sing a song. 	native to web & the future of web apps yahoo’s tom coats was of seven star speakers at carson workshops‘ future of web apps summit last month. as usual, ryan eby was pretty quick to point out his slides to me, mostly by way of pointing out jeremy zawodny’s translation of them. if it’s not clear yet: i wasn’t there, though i very much wanted to be, especially given some of what can be found in the post-summit blog posts. 	office cocktails i like pretty much everything paula wirth puts up on flickr, but this afternoon i could do well with a dive like scolari’s office in san diego. but, that’s probably because it mixes “office” and “cocktails” in the sort of way that has anonymous tipsters slipping photocopies of the alcohol policy from our hr handbook under my office door. eh, here’s to happy hour. 	homeland security: now policing porn? the washington post reports two men in uniforms bearing “homeland security” insignia walked into a bethesda library in early february, announced that viewing of internet pornography was forbidden, and began questioning patrons. the men asked one library user to step outside just before a librarian intervened. then… the two men [and the librarian] went into the library’s work area to discuss the matter. a police officer arrived. in the end, no one had to step outside except the uniformed men. 	the code lib journal(s) i should’ve kept code lib was less than a month ago, but already i’ve forgotten some details. that’s why i’m glad to have notes from ed summers (day one, two, and three), art rhyno, tom hickey, karen coombs, and ryan eby. there was a lot going on, and if i missed your blog it’s because google and technorati didn’t know about it (or i was being particularly lazy with my searching). 	our connected students just when you thought i was done talking about how the internet really does touch everything, lichen posts some details from the most recent university of new hampshire res life student survey and it gets me going again. in order, the top three activities are: socializing ( . hours/week) studying, excluding in-class time ( . hours/week) instant messaging, ( . hours/week) lichen also points out that im activity was reported separately from “personal internet use,” which got an additional . 	this is what social software can do the flickrblog reports this message from gale: people have been submitting good humpback whale fluke shots to a group called humpback whale flukes. i volunteer at allied whale which holds the north atlantic humpback whale catalog and i was able to make a very exciting match with one of the whales that was posted on the group by georgek. george saw this whale in newfoundland in the summer of . 	willie mae rock camp for girls the willie mae rock camp for girls: just another example of why new york is cooler than new hampshire. photo by rocco kasby, performance by the pink slips. yet again, a tip of the hat to ryan eby for the pointer. 	bsuite feature: user contributed tags ross singer gets the prize for submitting the first reader contributed tag, the latest feature in bsuite. there are arguments about whether user-contributed tags are useful or even valid, or whether they should be stored in my site or aggregated at places like del.ici.ous. but who’s to worry about such questions? who’s to worry when you can put together the work already done to support author’s tags with wordpress’s pretty good comment system and get user contributed tag support with just a few extra lines of code? 	user experience map i was this close to posting soldierant‘s gobbledy gook map, but, well… i guess i wanted to make a point with his user experience map, done in collaboration with the smart folks at experience dynamics. take a careful look at the role of your competitors and a user’s expectations and goals. yeah, we’ve all got some work to do. too bad the free seminar schedule hasn’t been updated for . 	whisky essential to writing god bless william faulkner for pointing it out: my own experience has been that the tools i need for my trade are paper, tobacco, food, and a little whisky. 	nash edgerton’s lucky scott smith’s imperfect ten too slow for you? take a look at nash edgerton‘s lucky over at blue tongue films. what would you do in minutes seconds? how would you escape? 	zorb: another reason new zealanders are cooler than you who of us didn’t want to try it when we saw jackie chan bounce down a mountainside in one in operation condor (well, who of us who saw operation condor didn’t want to try it)? but until cool hunter gave me a pointer, i had no idea what the these strange inflatable balls (yeah, go google that) might be called or where to look for more information. as it turns out, they’re called “zorbs,” and the company even has a promo video to show them off. 	nuns vs. librarians in spelling bee from yahoo! news and ryan eby, there’s a funny spelling bee planned in erlanger kentucky: erlanger, ky. – after a five-year hiatus, the sisters of st. walburg monastery in villa hills are ready to show whether they are superior spellers. the sisters were champions of the annual corporate spelling bee for literacy in northern kentucky for years before giving others a chance to win. but now the nuns are back, even if they’re a little timid about challenging the reigning champions — a group of boone county librarians. 	scott smith’s imperfect ten the nice folks at coudal partners are hosting scott smith’s imperfect ten, “wherein one man breaks all ten commandments before breakfast.” it’s friday (march th, even), go watch. 	crisp green shirt between the mit show and microsoft’s vaporware, origami is back in a big way. here’s drumsnwhistles answer: a very crisp green shirt. 	all about opensearch and autodiscovery from davey p i’ve been meaning to point out (and steal from) dave pattern’s post on tipping off ie (and other browsers soon too, hopefully) to available opensearch targets for some time now. i haven’t had time to do the stealing, so i’ll have to settle for pointing it out while it’s still news. what’s the trick? as dave explains, you put a link in the &lt;head&gt; section of your pages like this: 	visual complexity i found the above image of a yfiles-generated site map at visualcomplexity.com. we’ve seen a lot of internet diagrams, including this one from , but what about mapping food? or disaster situations? or air routes? it’s like data porn, and there’s more in the visualcomplexity gallery. 	the ignorant perfection of ordinary people bob garlitz, who’s trying to decide between blogging at typepad and blogspot, wrote to offer a somewhat older phrase for the success of social software as described in the wisdom of crowds and in the definition of collabulary: “the ignorant perfection of ordinary people.” bob is at a loss to identify the source (and it pre-dates the book of the same title by a long shot), but maybe this crowd will know? 	mit origami competition ryan eby and make magazine alerted me to mit’s student origami exhibit, in which jason ku’s ringwraith won the best original model prize, and brian chan’s beaver — the mit mascot — got special attention from the mit news office. 	collabulary i found this a few days ago and realized that it embodied the difference between how i understand tag folksonomies and how others (with whom i’ve argued) may see them. that is, i see the role of the social group — the wisdom of the crowd — as essential to the success of our folksonomic efforts. as it turns out, somebody’s come up with a word that emphasizes that (uncoordinated) collaboration: collabulary. 	talking ‘bout library . users want a rich pool from which to search, simplicity, and satisfaction. one does not have to take a -minute instruction session to order from amazon. why should libraries continue to be so difficult for our users to master? — from page of the the university of california libraries bibliographic services task force final report. i find a new gem every time i look at it. 	robins at bath i heard birds chirping yesterday morning for the first time in a while, and from my office window i could see robins returned from the south. spring, it seems, has arrived in new hampshire, but nobody’s captured it better than breezin with the photo above — obviously taken from a somewhat warmer place than this in late january. 	tags done right flickr does tags better than any other, so far as i can tell. we love tag folksonomies for way they allow us all to organize our world, for the way they allow patterns to emerge from chaos, and for their easy flexibility. but that flexibility, if poorly implemented in our software, can interrupt the very patterns we hope to find in our tag networks. take “road trip” as an example. what one tagger thinks is two words might be just “roadtrip” to another. 	macbook pro reviewed jacqui cheng likes her new macbook pro and loves the performance, but gives the magsafe power adapter mixed reviews. why? she says it disconnects when it shouldn’t, and seems to stay connected when it should disconnect. well, i think i still want one. 	troy bennett at “ben show” ben apfelbaum died before having the chance to see it all come together, but his quirky idea seems to be a hit. here’s how jerry cullum described it for the atlanta journal constitution: “the ben show” was the brainchild of beloved spruill gallery director ben apfelbaum, who asked one day, “what’s in a name?” and proceeded to track down a host of artists named “ben.” well, actually, he asked, “is the use of a given name as a thematic device as useful as any other thematic device to create an art exhibition of interest? 	podbop rocks your calendar ryan eby pointed out podbop, a site that podcasts sample tracks from bands coming to your area (or any other area you select), and we both wished we’d thought of it ourselves. there’s nothing coming to warren (of course). but they’ve got coverage for denver, where i’ll be in may, so it immediately found a place in my podcast aggregator. laura fries might have covered the smart and cool factors best: 	oddest title of the year winner …and also rans the bookseller magazine friday announced the winner of the th annual diagram prize for oddest title. bookseller deputy editor joel rickett appeared on weekend edition saturday with the news, saying, as he did in a telegraph story on the matter: “it has been a pretty good year for strange titles.” the winner is people who don’t know they’re dead: how they attach themselves to unsuspecting bystanders and what to do about it by gary leon hill, but the list of nominees and near nominees included 	rock paper scissors posted on the wall in tom’s peacock bar in corvallis was a mystery: a notice of a rock paper scissors tournament. a visit to the usa rock paper scissors league‘s website proved more confusing. take the first news release as an example: rocky balboa is stepping back into the ring for his final comeback, as production has begun on “rocky vi: rocky paper scissors.” after a -year hiatus, sylvester stallone wrote the film himself, knocking out boxing from the script and replacing it with a hand sport that is more intense, more courageous and that looks even better in those dramatic slow-motion shots: rock paper scissors. 	“peanutty” ≠ peanut butter treehugger pointed out these p.b. slices as an example of excessive packaging. what they didn’t mention was the ingredients or processing used to make a non-sticky, peanut flavored “food product.” peanutty, but not quite peanut butter it’s worth mentioning here that i have a rule about things i find in the supermarket: if it says “food” on the label, you probably shouldn’t eat it. think about it, start first with the cat food, dog food, and fish food, then take a look at the pasteurized processed cheese food product and some of the goodies in the canned meats aisle. 	fun with (explosive) balloons okay, so this is certainly in the “don’t try this at home, kids” category, but we can all laugh and point at other’s stupidity. denver‘s abc channel reported last month on a foolish fellow who inflated balloons with acetalyne, the highly flamable and explosive gas used in welding, and drove off to a superbowl party. the balloons ignited, possible because of static electricity, and the explosion blew out all the windows, bent the car’s roof and doors out, and left the driver and with burst eardrums, burns, pain, and a felony explosives charges. 	can anybody explain this? ???????????????? 	morbidly curiouser zach saw my story about plane crashes and forwarded me a link to this video of an early parachutist he found on damn interesting. the connection to yesterday’s story is that the video ends with cops measuring the depth of the crater the jumper left after falling almost feet from the top of the eiffel tower. it’s the sort of thing that gets you nominated for a darwin award. 	morbidly curious a friend pointed me to planecrashinfo.com and i can’t help but explore. i was told to start with the pictures (which end in late , and so don’t include recent incidents like the flaming nose-wheel at lax or the overshot runway in chicago), but it was the collection of “last words” transcripts from the cockpit voice recorder (audio is available for many of them) that really trapped me. we might get a furtive chuckle over such last lines as “hey, what’s happening here” or “uh. 	the oregon attractions i didn’t see i’ve been back from oregon for about a week and a day now, and it’s really time to clear out my files. so here now are the attractions i had put on the list, but never got to see. i’m not complaining, afterall, i did get to see sprayfoam art, the us’s only municipal elevator, the world’s tallest barber pole, the spruce goose, mt. tabor, and the velveteria. clearly, oregon has a lot to offer wacky travelers. 	is sun’s t up to it? jonathan schwartz made the kind of news that makes slash dotters happy: he announced sun is (sort of) giving away free servers. it’s a promotion, a media play, of course, but one that might make a few lucky people very happy. here’s the deal: sun is really proud of their new t eight core server. each core runs at . ghz, but they’re apparently applying some distributive power of multiplication and calling it an . 	lego architecture the millyard museum was hosting the new england lego users’ group saturday, building lego replica’s of manchester nh‘s old victorian-era houses. it turns out they’re building a scale model of the entire millyard. 	love letters from your isp a friend got his own cease and desist letter the other day. his isp forwarded the notice from a copyright enforcement agency along with five pages of content intended both to stop those that know they’re sharing and help out parents (or others) who may not be aware of what all is going on with the computers attached to their cable modem. of course you’re a valued customer, and of course it wasn’t your fault, just stop it is the message. 	worse things a friend forwarded this, from fleur adcock: things there are worse things than having behaved foolishly in public. there are worse things than these miniature betrayals, committed or endured or suspected; there are worse things than not being able to sleep for thinking about them. it is a.m. all the worse things come stalking in and stand icily about the bed looking worse and worse and worse. 	as the useful becomes useless, it becomes art the story here isn’t about why i’m on the kate spade mailing list. the story is about their new line of “paper.” it’s stationary, of course. the kind of formal paper people use to send out wedding invites and thank yous and whatever other little missives that email or aim seem too uncouth for. i made this point before, in a discussion of how painting evolved from trade-craft to art after the development of the camera, but i love seeing a new example. 	standards cage match i prefaced my point about how the standards we choose in libraries isolate us from the larger stream of progress driving development outside libraries with the note that i was sure to get hanged for it. it’s true. i commented that there were over , registered amazon api developers and public opensearch targets (hey look, there’s another one already), but that srw/sru would always play to a smaller audience. 	evergreen aviation museum howard hughes‘ spruce goose now rests in mcminnville, at the evergreen aviation museum. the goose is as long as a with a wingspan a third again as broad, and for a short few seconds in , it flew. the docent was incredibly pleased to tell us that the tail almost broke off during those few seconds in the air. he claimed hughes hushed up the story and maintained the aircraft in flight-ready condition to protect himself from further attacks from government accountants. 	diy hoverboard my friend troy sent along a pointer to the gadget show‘s feature on diy hoverboards. they claim it all goes together with basic tools, a leaf blower, plywood, a bit of pipe, and other various parts totaling about £ . oh yeah, they also recommend “an insurance policy with good fringe benefits,” and being as british as they are, apparently “craft knives” and “scalpels” are pretty interchangeable. it all goes together in eight easy steps explained on four pages, so what’s keeping you? 	about my code lib presentation as with all my other presentations, the my slides tell less than half the story, but i’ve posted them anyway. i’m told the audio was recorded, and there’s a chance that will help explain all this, but until then you’ll have to piece this all together from my previous writings, what little i’m about to offer here, and the slides (which, again, without the spoken component, probably do more to misdirect interested readers than answer questions). 	brick i just popped in the constant gardener (trailer) and discovered the preview for brick. and even though i want to see almost every movie previewed for me, i really want to see this movie. the constant gardener, by the way, is good too. 	velveteria i wasn’t just surprised to find a gallery of velvet paintings, i was further surprised to learn they were hosting a show of valentines velvet works by local artist juanita and had cards advertising a show of la artist arnold pander’s oil on velvet works at the local vault martini lounge. but the fact is, carl baldwin and caren anderson’s velveteria is the place, if ever there was such a place, where such forces will collide. 	world’s tallest barber pole forest grove, oregon claims to have the world’s tallest barber pole, apparently presented by the portland area barbershoppers in recognition “ballad town usa’s” role in promoting and encouraging barbershop quartet singing. it stands in lincoln park (visible from sat photos!) just north of pacific university. barbershop poles and quartets they may have, but the barber i visited there did a lousy job trimming my beard. such is life, i suppose. 	librarians of springfield that’s my contribution to the springfield public library meme that michael casey and laura savastinuk started over the weekend. 	oregon city municipal elevator oregon city apparently boasts one of only four municipal elevators worldwide. one hundred thirty feet tall, with an observation deck at the top, it seemed to be worth stopping for. jason wrote in to roadside america explaining: it began as a water-powered elevator in , but was upgraded to an electric-powered elevator in . it is an example of googie architecture, which is reminiscent of the space-age housing structures in the jetson’s cartoon show. 	pdx’s free wifi rocks here’s a lesson the rest of the world’s airports could take from pdx: free wifi. most other aiports charge dearly for wifi, but pdx offers it free. knowing this, i arrived at the airport a couple hours early and got my dinner and caught up on my email here instead of elsewhere. the port of portland didn’t get my $ . an hour, but they did get an extra customer in their restaurants and shops. 	mt. hood from mt. tabor above: tonight’s sunset view of mt. hood from atop mt. tabor, an ancient volcano. roadside america claims: this is the only volcano located within a city limit in any us city. you can view the cinder cone and a few feet away from the parking lot is a kids play area. 	sprayfoam art in millersburg what you can’t tell about the photo above is that the eagle is huge, and made of spray foam. it stands at sprayfoam inc., just off the i at millersburg. don’t miss the cornucopia-like sign, or the completely enfoamed sprayfoam-mobile. 	the chuck norris meme i first caught up with all this at matt‘s blog, but on the radio out here in oregon today they kept inserting chuck norris legends between songs. here’s a bunch from chuck norris facts: when the boogeyman goes to sleep every night, he checks his closet for chuck norris. chuck norris doesn’t read books. he stares them down until he gets the information he wants. there is no theory of evolution. 	lessons from the microformat world i can’t help but like microformats, and part of that comes from the dogmatic principles that drive them. among those is the notion that none of us should attempt to create a format out of whole cloth. here’s how they explain it: under the title of “propose a microformat” they tell us: “actually, don’t!!!” ask yourself: “are there any well established, interoperably implemented standards we can look at which address this problem? 	things i learned at lunch today karaoke means “empty orchestra” in about the same way that karate means “empty hand.” the “oke” piece is actually a shortened form of “orchestra,” borrowed from western languages. ethiopians supposedly discovered coffee when they noticed goats eating the beans. no word on weather the coffee beans in their droppings are any good. 	you mean other businesses handle acquisitions too? art rhyno confused my by calling it erp, but he just rocked his code lib presentation and i realized he’s talking about the same thing that’s been itching me: libraries are not unique, but our software and standards are unnecessarily so. in my introduction of wpopac i made the point that i didn’t want to replace the ils — certainly not the acquisitions management functions or other business processes. art today explained that he wouldn’t want to have to develop or support those features either, but that we don’t need to. 	pig-n-ford races!?! so here i am looking up things to do in oregon and i come across the tillamook chamber of commerce‘s guide to local attractions and its note about the pig-n-ford races: vintage vehicles, daring drivers and squealing porkers. mixed together, the outcome can only be described as frenzied farm-style fun. most people would agree that individuals who race model-t fords must be strange to begin with. when competitors insist on carrying pigs as passengers, however, it’s a sure sign of a rare breed of driver. 	on flying if i didn’t like flying, or at least if i couldn’t tolerate it, i wouldn’t making my third distant trip in as many months. and though i know many others spend a whole lot more time in planes than i do, i still think vasken has a bit of a point in the following: i couldnt help thinking about the horrid dichotomy that is airline travel… on one hand, my flight from philly to manchester takes minutes, or + hours less than the trip takes in a car–on the other hand, it took me hours to get from my house to the place i was staying in pa, a savings of a mere hours. 	instant messenger or virtual reference? i noted aaron schmidt‘s points on im in libraries previously, but what i didn’t say then was how certain i was that popular instant messaging clients like aol instant messenger or yahoo!’s or google’s are far superior to the so-called virtual reference products. why? they’re free, our patrons are comfortable with them, and they work (three things that can’t be said about vr products). ah, heck, just take a look at what michael stephens was saying about them last week (as quoted by teresa koltzenburg at ala techsource): 	choose your disaster the good people at keep the faye gave me a chuckle with their series of choose you daily disaster magnets, like the hillbillies and volcano series pictures above. then they followed it up with the amusing, but somewhat less funny choose your favorite fantasy series. 	mysql’s slow query log zach suggested it last week, but it’s only now that i’ve gotten around to setting up mysql’s slow query log. it’s easy enough, you’ve just got to put a couple lines like this in your my.cnf (which is in /etc on my server): log-slow-queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log&lt;br /&gt; long_query_time = this should get most people running, but this story in database journal offers a few more details. potentially more useful is this guide to query and index optimization (though it’s probably a little out of date). 	nmc’s horizon report i’d never heard of the new media consortium before, but they claim a mission to “advocate and stimulate the use of new learning and creative technologies in higher education.” anyway, their horizon report identifies the following trends among those shaping the role of technology in education: dynamic knowledge creation and social computing tools and processes are becoming more widespread and accepted. mobile and personal technology is increasingly being viewed as a delivery platform for services of all kinds. 	roadside attractions perhaps it’s just because i’m now scouring roadside america for tips on what to do in the hours after the end of code lib and my flight home, but i got a hoot out of this ap story about “roadside giants”: a pittsburgh-area couple find “roadside giants” historic, attractive, a boon to local economies… and silly. associated press pittsburgh – how can you find the cadet restaurant in kittanning? 	high-speed photography the gallery at pulse photonics has more than a few images that seem to pause time in impossible moments. they’ve got images of balloons pierced by arrows and darts, oranges exploding from [a gunshot][ ], bullets [shattering glass][ ] and [slicing through jelly][ ], and all of this [falling water][ ] and [oil][ ] in [so many][ ] [little droplets][ ]. you really oughtta go see the [whole gallery][ ]. and after that, go visit the [photron gallery][ ] of slow motion videos that [caught my eye][ ] a while ago. 	bicycle snowplow to go along with summer’s bicycle riding mower is this “vancouver snowplow” from joe-ks.com (yes, i feel appropriately stupid for linking to a site with an animated gif splash page). oddly, this isn’t the only such snowplow. 	on being busy i should be thankful to have friends who get worried about me when i don’t blog for a couple days (or at least make up stories), but let me take this moment to make it clear that i haven’t gone into boat sales. this has happened before, and it just means i’ve got a larger than usual pile of deadlines (and interesting projects like wpopac) on my plate. 	wpopac: an opac . testbed first things first, this thing probably needs a better name, but i’m not up to the task. got ideas? post in the comments. for the rest of this, let’s just pretend it’s an interview. what is wpopac? it’s an opac — a library catalog, for my readers outside libraries — inside the framework of wordpress, the hugely popular blog management application. why misuse wordpress that way? wordpress has a a few things we care about built-in: permalinks, comments, and trackbacks (and a good comment spam filter), just to start. 	performance optimization a couple notes from the past few days of tweaks and fixes: hyper-threading has a huge effect on lamp performance. from now on, i’ll have bad dreams about running mysql without query caching in the way that i used to have nightmares about going to school wearing only my underwear. the difference is that big. wordpress rocks, but it has some queries that will kill large databases. i’m playing with baseline when i fix ’em, but it’s worth it. 	the web is not a one-way medium anybody who questioned the pew internet and american life report about how teens use the internet and how they expect conversations and interactivity from the online services they use might do well to take a look at this comment on my chernobyl tour story: student looking for info that your not give us february rd, : you people suck. we have to do a school report and you are not giving us any info on what happened to the people, and the environmetn, we need a story from someone and about someone who lived through this inccident. 	faqs about those three wishes i ran across david owen’s three wishes faq in a month-old new yorker on my friend’s coffee table last night. i tore out the page thinking i’d not find it online, but lo, the new yorker posted it on their site on jan ninth! you have been granted three wishes — congratulations. if you wish wisely, your wishes may bring you great happiness. before wishing, please take a moment to read the following frequently asked questions. 	libraries vs. drm within minutes of each other, two friends from separate corners of the world sent me a tip about the following: slashdot pointed to this bbc news that talks about the ill effects of drm on libraries. what’s drm? it’s that “digital rights management” component of some software and media that supposedly protects against illegal copying, but more often prevents legitimate users from enjoying the stuff they’ve bought legally. now think about how this works (or doesn’t) in libraries… 	exxpose exxon exxonmobil’s profits of $ . billion are apparently the largest ever recorded by any corporation in america. to celebrate, the folks at saveourenvironment.org put together this funny short: exxposeexxon. the movie makes some good points, but let’s face it, high oil prices encourage conservation and research on alternative energy technologies. 	is j. k. rowling carolyn keene’s sister? i said previously that i drop my journalistic standards on fridays. today is no exception. background, from mysterynet: carolyn keene is a writer pen name that was used by many different people — both men and women — over the years. the company that was the creator of the nancy drew series, the stratemeyer syndicate, hired a variety of writers. for nancy drew, the writers used the pseudonym carolyn keene to assure anonymity of the creator. 	as if retro fashion didn’t already go far enough i guess i can see why people might be willing to throw down $ or more for these fancy northstar refrigerators, i mean, they remind rich young people of their grandma’s house, with fresh-baked cookies and a big glass of milk to dunk them in. i’ve gotta admit, i almost got suckered too. but why is it that our rosy nostalgia for the s ignores both the racial segregation (a bad thing) and the income equity (a good thing)? 	onion story predicted five-blade razors in gillette’s fusion five-blade razor is hitting the shelves now, but the onion predicted it in february . 	aim and changing modes of communication there’s a bit of discussion of aim‘s role in personal communications over at remaining relevant. i mention it here because i’ve been thinking about this lately. we’re seeing some great shifts in our modes of communication. take a look at how “webinar” technologies have changed sales forces. the promise is lower costs and faster response time, but it also challenges our expectations and the skills of the salesperson. now imagine the generation of kids who are growing up with aim entering the workforce. 	the future of privacy and libraries ryan eby speaks with tongue firmly in cheek in this blog post, but his point is well taken. privacy is serious to us, but we nonetheless make decisions that trade bits of our patrons’ privacy as an operational cost. while we argue about the appropriate time keep backups of our circulation records, we largely accept them — and the way they connect our patrons with the books they read — without question. 	zach’s couch camouflage here’s zach hidden in plain sight on a couch at a friend’s house the other day. that’s skill. 	where’d my go? nobody remembers how, but the bottle is empty again. we’re beginning to blame it on bandits. 	warren (and dog sledding) on tv tonight the folks at wmur‘s chronicle are featuring my friends joe and wendy and their dog sledding tonight. the photos above are of justin in a race a few years ago (video of the finish also online). warren hasn’t been so proud since we put the rocket up. 	large format scanners for document imaging the market for large-format flatbed scanners is shrinking, so products turn over slowly and development is far behind my expectations. that said, the epson gt- doesn’t look like a bad choice for tight budgets. it has a relatively low maximum resolution of only dpi, but has the highest claimed scan speed of seconds at dpi. following that is the microtek scanmaker xl, which has a much higher maximum resolution, but much slower scan speed (even at the same resolution as the epson). 	what does facebook matter to libraries? lichen pointed me to this librarian’s guide to etiquette post about new technologies: keep up to date with new technologies that you can co-opt for library use. so what if no one will ever listen to the pod casts of your bibliographic instruction lectures, subscribe to the rss feeds from your library’s blog, send your reference librarian instant messages, or view your library’s profile on facebook.com? at least you did your part to make all these cool technologies a little bit lamer. 	walking desk i used to have a stand-up desk at work. then that got replaced by a pair of standup workstations above a more normal desk. then i moved offices and switched roles from sysadmin to programmer and got the most normal desk ever. then, in january , i heard an npr story about dr. jim levine’s study that put a high value on constant movement throughout the day, and i got concerned about sitting for so long. 	not invented here i couldn’t say it, but alexander johannesen could: libraries are the last bastions of the “not invented here syndrome” (scroll down just a bit, you’ll find it). between alex’s post and mine, i don’t think there’s much to say except this: there may be five programmers in the world who know how to work with z . , but several thousand who can build an amazon api-based application in minutes. what technology do you want to bet on? 	reviews you can trust cameron moll (via ryan eby) wants “weight” customer ratings to reflect how two products of the same rating might have wildly different numbers of reviews. at first glance i agree with him, but after a moment of thought, i begin to wonder if i want the ratings weighted by the number of reviews, or the number of reviews i “trust.” amazon keeps huge amounts of data about all its customers. so how hard could it be to correlate my purchasing behavior with the purchasing behaviors of the reviewers along with the details of which reviews i’ve previously checked as “helpful. 	indian frankie the plan was to meet jessamyn and greg at the india queen last night, so discovering this note yesterday on slashfood about “frankies” had the added excitement of both discovering a new food i wanted to eat, and being in a position to get it that day — the sort of instant satisfaction one doesn’t expect in these parts. here’s the description: the frankie is an indian street-type food made of a thin bread similar to a tortilla that is coated with egg and fried. 	conceding defeat i wasn’t really in the game, but when samb posted the above picture of david brown’s typical meal, i couldn’t help but take it as a challenge. i never did get around to snapping a picture to match samb’s, and now i’ve got accept that there are others with more skill and determination than me. slashfood explains that anybody can walk in to in-n-out burger and order a sandwich of any size. 	to blog or not to blog a friend revealed his reticence to blogging recently by explaining that he didn’t want to create a trail of work and opinions that could limit his future career choices. fair point, perhaps. we’ve all heard stories of bloggers who’ve lost jobs as a result of the content of their posts. and if you believe the forbes story, the blogosphere is filled with teaming hordes intent on ruining established companies and destroying the economy (okay, i exaggerate). 	to blog or not to blog a friend decided the old pornstar name formula was good enough to use to name her blog, as she explains in her launch story. so, should this be the nick hastings blog? elsewhere, another friend is struggling with the decision to blog. 	when you need to talk to customer support it’s good to know hard to find numbers.com is there when you need it. here are the top five: &lt;td width=&quot; &quot;&gt; htf# &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width=&quot; &quot;&gt; who &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width=&quot; &quot;&gt; notes &lt;/td&gt; amazon.com &lt;td&gt; - - &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; - - &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; - - &lt;br /&gt; - - &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; cust. service&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; seller support&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; rebate status local or int’l &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt; / &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &quot;&lt;br /&gt; &quot; ( press to bypass menu) &lt;br /&gt; &quot; &lt;/td&gt; ebay. 	dawg it’s friday, a day when i drop my journalistic standards and usually publish whatever video or joke somebody forwarded me during the week. this one came from my dad: a guy is driving around and he sees a sign in front of a house: “talking dog for sale.” he rings the bell and the owner tells him the dog is in the backyard. the guy goes into the backyard and sees a labrador retriever sitting there. 	plesk bites i picked plesk over cpanel as my server control panel because it was cheaper, looked better, and seemed to have all the features i wanted. what i didn’t know was that it came with php and mysql at times when each was a major version ahead of that. when the good folks at my hosting provider tried to upgrade this, it conflicted with plesk and they have to back off. 	quickly noted: mooflex cms new ajax-happy cms: mooflex, more info at ajaxian (and in their podcast). 	about sherpa and their advice to digital libraries… i mentioned sherpa a while ago: sherpa is a large consortial uk project that’s attempting to build an academic archive/repository for institutions, including the british library and cambridge university. [link added] i bring this up again now because they’ve got some advice for people on the subject of digital archives. they recommend eprints, an open source project developed and maintained by the university of southampton. second to that, or for those interested in archiving a broader variety of object types, they suggest mit’s dspace. 	users vs. network printers in winxp it’s been a problem we’ve struggled with here for much longer than we should have, and it took a hotshot new guy in desktop support to show us the answer. but if you know the right magic, you can add a printer to windows xp and make it available to all users. see, if you add the printer using the “add printer” wizard, it’s available only to that user. but if you use the command line, then you can throw a switch to make it available to any user who logs in to that machine. 	jenny levine’s online library user manifesto drawing from john blyberg‘s ils customer’s bill of rights and the social customer manifesto, jenny levine offers this online library user manifesto: i want to have a say, so you need to provide mechanisms for this to happen online. i want to know when something is wrong, and what you’re going to do to fix it. i want to help shape services that i’ll find useful. i want to connect with others that share my interests. 	cio’s message to faculty: the internet is here as part of a larger message to faculty returning from winter break, our cio offered this summary of how he sees advancing internet use affecting higher education: are you familiar with blogs and podcasts? google them, or look them up in wikipedia. some of you may already be using these new tools. others may think these terms are the latest in a sea of techno-jargon. regardless, your millennial students — the netgens — are using these new technologies — along with the ubiquitous cell phone — more and more. 	the arrival of the stupendous we can be forgiven for not noticing, but the world changed not long ago. sometime after the academics gave up complaining about the apparent commercialization of the internet, and while wall street was licking it’s wounds after the first internet boom went bust, the world changed. around the time we realized that over million americans have internet access, that million americans use the internet ?on an average day, and that % of them believe the internet is a reliable source of information, we looked around and found that along with doing their banking, their taxes, and booking tickets for travel and movies, those users were making about five billion web searches each month. 	goodbye san antonio you won’t get your salad dressing on the side in san antonio. i don’t know what it says about a place, but in new england it’s so common i never learned to ask for it on the side, it just happens. not so in san antonio. you’ll also have trouble finding a place to eat dinner away from the riverwalk, as all the neighborhood places i found are open only for breakfast and lunch. 	data visualization and the opac a chat with ryan eby, also an edward tufte fan, elicited this line about another reason we continue to struggle with the design of our catalogs: data isn’t usable by itself if it was then the opac would just be marc displays and yesterday i was speaking with corey seeman about how to measure and use “popularity” information about catalog items. it got me thinking about flickr’s interestingness metric, which seems to combine the number of times a photo has been “favorited,” viewed, and commented. 	presentation: designing an opac for web . ala midwinter iug sig presentation: designing an opac for web . update: pdf version with space for notes web . and other “ . ” monikers have become loaded terms recently. but as we look back at the world wide web of , there can be little doubt that today’s web is better and more useful. indeed, that seems to be the conclusion millions of americans are making, as current estimates show over million users in the us, including % of youth - . 	fully wired and mobile in san antonio i’m in san antonio for ala midwinter and enjoying the benefits of wide-area mobile internet access via my treo and and the power of local search. this is sort of a test for me and my treo, as i passed on all the usual trip prep i do and entirely i’m depending on what i’ll find in situ or in my mobile web browser. i wandered around a bit this afternoon to get a feel for the place, but as i got hungrier, i found myself stuck in the riverwalk mall, and without any local clues about where to look for better food (steers &amp; beers, in the mall, might have been an option if it had more activity or if those few who were sitting at tables didn’t look so miserable). 	educause on future of libraries take a look at this editorial by jerry d. campbell, cio and dean of university libraries at the university of southern california: academic libraries today are complex institutions with multiple roles and a host of related operations and services developed over the years. yet their fundamental purpose has remained the same: to provide access to trustworthy, authoritative knowledge. consequently, academic libraries — along with their private and governmental counterparts — have long stood unchallenged throughout the world as the primary providers of recorded knowledge and historical records. 	goodbye x. in recognition of the divisive and increasingly meaningless nature of x. monikers — think library . and the web . that inspired it — i’m doing away with them. when jeffrey zeldman speaks with disdain about the ajax happy nouveaux web application designers and the second internet bubble (and he’s not entirely off-base) and starts claiming he’s moving to web . , then it’s a pretty clear sign that we should give up on trying to version all this. 	learning: mysql optimization i have over posts here at maisonbisson, but even so, the table with all those posts is under mb. now i’ve got a project with , posts — yes, , posts! — and the table is about mb. an associated table, structured sort of like wp’s postsmeta, has over . million records and weighs in at over mb (not including the mb of indexes). up to now i’ve been a “throw more hardware at it” sort of guy — and in a server with only gb of ram, that’s probably the best solution — but i also think it’s time i learned some mysql optimization tricks. 	radical, militant librarian the ala’s intellectual freedom folks came up with this radical, militant librarian button (which i found in library mistress’ photostream): in recognition of the efforts of librarians to help raise awareness of the overreaching aspects of the usa patriot act, the american library association (ala) office for intellectual freedom (oif) is offering librarians an opportunity to proudly proclaim their “radical” and “militant” support for intellectual freedom, privacy, and civil liberties. 	wordpress plugin: add to del.icio.us i’m not running it here (only because i’m too lazy), but i was happy to find arne brachold’s del.icio.us – bookmark this! wordpress plugin. it puts a sweet bookmark on del.icio.us link whereever you call this function: &lt;?php dbt_getlinktag(“bookmark on del.icio.us”); ?&gt; arne also wrote the google sitemap plugin i use (though it turns out i’m a few versions behind). 	us census on internet access and computing rebecca lieb reports for clickz stats that, based on us census data (report), most americans have pcs and web access: sixty-two million u.s. households, or percent of american homes, had a web-connected computer in , according to just-released u.s. census data. that’s up from percent in , and more than triple ’s percent figure. home web use continues to skew toward more affluent, younger and educated demographics. 	how i broke my clie it’s an unseasonably warm and rainy january here in warren, where warm actually means daytime highs of about degrees and ‘seasonable weather’ would be closer to zero. the point is that it’s the worst possible winter weather: the rain ruins the regular winter activities, and it’s still too cold to take up summer activities. perhaps that’s why i take such comfort in this video of ashton, even if it is the video that killed my clie. 	field of trains fishfin has an interesting collection of photos from the american plains. that old train car caught my eye and fishfin replied to my comment with more detail: this old train car sits about yards from the soo line railroad in north eastern montana, it’s in comertown, an old abandoned town were they used to run whiskey from canada to the us in the early ’s. [link added] fishfin &rsquo;s old train. 	highways think now of the us interstate highway system. like the internet that followed, the highway system was the subject of much hype and conjecture. most notably, norman bel geddes’ -designed general motors futurama exhibit at the new york word’s fair. in it we saw magical highways connecting our cities, and whisking motorists from new york to la in hours. he predicted cities would expand their commuting radius by % by . 	the library vs. search engine debate, redux a while ago i reported on the pew internet project‘s november report on increased use of search engines. here’s what i had to say at the time: on an average day, about million american adults use the internet; % will use email, % will use a search engine. among all the online activities tracked, including chatting and iming, reading blogs or news, banking, and buying, not one of them includes searching a library opac. 	more trends in online behavior from pew internet it turns out that the pew internet and american life project sort of keeps a blog. here are some points from a november post by project director lee rainie regarding “surprising, strange, and wonderful data:” the vast majority of most internet users ( %) and many non-users (about %) expect that they will be able to find reliable information online when it comes to news, health care information, e-commerce, and government. 	winter’s day winter in warren can be rather picturesque. 	poets, justice, scotch unattributable: “poetic justice is a lie. it’s no more real than military inteligence. the entire motivation for poetry is the unjust pain of life.” separately, what’s the appropriate lc classification for scotch? my first thought was around pr , but what do i know. should it go elsewhere? what about other spirits? 	joel friesen’s misuse of powerpoint joel friesen‘s powerpoint-esque presentation on why his girlfriend should continue to date him didn’t win her back, but it entertained folks. yes, the diagram above shows joel’s position at the intersection of those who are graphic designers, awesome people, and people who’ve played a zombie in a low-budget horror flick, yes the other slides are as entertaining. go look: why you should continue to date me; a series of charts and graphs. 	presentation advice from an apple insider mike evangelist’s look behind the magic curtain of apple keynotes during his time with the company. 	code lib program proposal i’d be excited just to be a fly on the wall at code lib, but i’m on a bit of a mission to change the architecture of our library software — to make it more hackable, and make those hacks more sharable — so i had to propose a talk. title: what blog applications can teach us about library software architecture description: the number of programmers in the library world is growing and our individual efforts have shown great promise, but they exist largely as a spectacle that few libraries can enjoy. 	looking at controversy through the eyes of britannica and wikipedia the argument about wikipedia versus britannica continues to rage in libraryland. the questions are about authority and the likelihood of outright deception, of course, and a recent round brought up the limitations of peer review as exemplified in the cold fusion controversy, where two scientists claimed to have achieved a nuclear fusion reaction at room temperature. randy souther, from the university of san francisco, asked us to look more carefully: 	boat full of toilets my inner -year-old is cracking up over the notion of a shipwrecked load of toilets in the mediterranean. 	magnetic fields, earworms, fido i can’t get fido, your leash is too long, from the magnetic fields‘ love songs, out of my head. this entry is an attempt to kill this earworm by posting the lyrics. if this doesn’t work i’m checking out maim that tune. fido, your leash is too long you go where you don’t belong you’ve been digging in the rubble gettin’ bitches in trouble 	tag clouds… “the tag cloud is the mullet of the internet.” found at phpflickr. look closely. 	gallery to flickr migration tool for those people still using gallery, here’s the last straw: rasmus lerdorf got to playing with the flickr api and quickly wrote up a script to migrate his photos from gallery to flickr. he’s didn’t post a script or anything, he’s just saying it’s easy to do. a lot of things are easy to do, of course, but that doesn’t mean they get done. so it’s probably a great relief to somebody that paul baron got on the job. 	ddos’d my hosting provider sent along the following message: we have experienced a ddos attack today january th, which resulted in latency across the entire network. during this time your domain, email, ftp and other services may have appeared to be offline, or intermittent. our techs have been working as quickly as possible to block the attack and get the network back up to speed. i was relieved to know that the unexpected downtime was the result of something i’d done. 	political blogging protected by fec way back near the end of , lot reported that the federal election commission had basically ruled that bloggers are journalists: the federal election commission today issued an advisory opinion that finds the fired up network of blogs qualifies for the “press exemption” to federal campaign finance laws. the press exemption, as defined by congress, is meant to assure “the unfettered right of the newspapers, tv networks, and other media to cover and comment on political campaigns. 	social software works for organizations too ignore the politics for a moment. moveon‘s cto, patrick michael kane, remarked that the organization’s membership to flickr, the photo sharing site, has paid off: “flickr has got to be the best $ . we’ve ever spent.” why? micah sifry explains in a story at alternet that moveon had been soliciting photos of events from members for some time, but their ability to move those photos through the process and make them available to the public was limited. 	wordpress . & bsuite update: bugfix release b v available. wordpress . is out and available for download now. i don’t know how the development team did it — i mean with the holidays and all — but here it is. and now i have to admit that i haven’t even played with the betas, so i’ve got no clue how bsuite works with the big . . for all i know it works just fine, or it drops all your tables and sends your browser history to your mother, so please take caution. 	avenue q steve wynn could probably have had any show he wanted, but he chose avenue q, the sesame street and muppets-inspired show that has to include a disclaimer denying its roots in the program and advertising. what the show’s creators don’t have to disclaim are the three tony awards the show won in for best score, best book, and best musical. sandee bought the cast recording (also at amazon) because they’re the sort of tunes that get into your head…the sort of tunes you’ll find yourself humming days later. 	the eating, drinking, and dancing in vegas vegas knows liquor. vegas knows drinks. they go well with cards and dice and slot machines and such. and even though the cards and dice and slot machines and such aren’t my reasons for going to town, i do enjoy a drink. above, center you see the west wing bar’s sidecar with cognac, triple sec and lemon juice. at the left is a pinapple mojito from the wynn’s terrace pointe cafe. 	nevada considers atomic testing license plate, again the first license plate to remember nevada’s history as the host of the us’s nuclear testing grounds drew criticism for featuring a mushroom cloud (see the plate on the right, above). now it appears folks are at it again, this time with a plate that depicts the site’s area and includes the classic illustration of an atom’s electron cloud. all of this generated enough interest to bring the local media out to the atomic testing museum to gawk at the proposed plate, including an actual-sized rendition being shown off on a lincoln navigator. 	nevada desert we didn’t get to go to barstow as planned, but i couldn’t leave las vegas without a peak at the desert. fortunately, red rock canyon isn’t far from town, and the blue diamond highway does a nice loop there and back. along the way i found that the town of blue diamond has a new welcome sign, but the old text remains: “elevation: high, population: low, burros: ?” i stumbled across an upended car standing like a tombstone exclaiming “dirt man rocks. 	font friends you’ve got to love a friend who emails you when she finds fonts like orange whip and comic strip exclaim and say they remind her of you. 	on censorship regarding nudity in photographs posted to flickr, dancharvey says: honestly, i’m more concerned about all the cats and flowers. cliche is more damaging than breasts. your opinion may vary. 	barstow california what didn’t work out because of our problems with the hotel was our drive to barstow to see sandee’s friend joanne. i don’t know much about the town, but wikipedia told me to look out for the original del taco, rainbow basin natural area (site not loading now, try this instead), calico ghost town, and the old solar one solar energy generating experiment. along the road, however, is the the world’s tallest thermometer, in baker, california. 	atomic liquors i convinced sandee to join me at atomic liquors on fremont street, just beyond the western hotel casino in what the las vegas sun calls the “gritty underbelly of las vegas.” owner joe sobchick and his wife stella started business in with a cafe called virginia’s. they converted it into a bar in , and changed the name to recognize their proximity to the nuclear tests just miles away. 	welcome to fabulous las vegas…with your host, casey the wind along las vegas boulevard was blowing hard, so it hides the fact that i’m currently sporting one of the worst haircuts of all time. i’ve been meaning to take a picture of this damn sign for years — and more so after seeing beatnickside‘s collection of vegas photos. 	what you lose in the whirligig… nobody’s saying what caused it, but things didn’t go as planned at the mgm grand sunday night. we were told our room wasn’t ready when we tried to check in a little before midnight, so we ambled over to the cafe for a midnight breakfast on the house. then at am, when our rooms still weren’t ready, we were sent to the bellagio with a voucher for a free room and cab fare. 	the real king kong here’s another story from my friend joe monninger. this time it’s a piece he cut from a book he’s working on, but i’m happy to take his tailings. the text that follows is his: with the mega-release of king kong swarming the country this week, it might be interesting to hear a true big ape story. i came across this story while doing research for a project, and i pass it along as it came to me. 	happy holidays from las vegas! the bellagio is all done up for the holidays, vegas-style (which means it’ll give you a headache). 	happy holidays from warren snow, thick and heavy because of the thaw these past few days, covers warren. our rocket stands tall for all seasons. 	shuffling ipods i couldn’t help but want one when they were released. i still wanted one after reading the reviews. and i couldn’t help but think about buying one when i finally got to play with it in the store. my wife, loving me and knowing me as she does, got me one. yes, i got a video ipod for christmas. thing is, presents like this create a crisis. how do i extract the gigabytes of music i’ve accumulated on the old ipod? 	last minute gift idea my friend joe loved his chickens, though a fox did them in this last fall. he’d planned to leave the coop empty for the winter and start fresh in the spring, but his surfing lead him to mail order chickens (adoption card pictured above). so…what better a gift for a friend than a chicken by mail? and what better a gift to the world than trade justice? 	santa vs. cops i always get a laugh out of cops, and an even bigger laugh out parodies of the show. so i have to thank cliff for finding this animated video of santa getting pulled over. 	the war on christmas i like christmas as much as anybody (well, anybody who likes christmas), but i’m a “happy holidays” guy. why? because christmas and the holidays aren’t about me, they’re about the way we spread happiness and joy to others, no matter how they celebrate. so while i quietly hope for my own merry christmas, i resist the urge to wish everybody else a happy festivus and opt for “happy holidays.” 	blogging the office party (mostly because they suggested it) i don’t work for central it anymore, but they still invite me to their holiday party. and no office holiday party would be complete without a yankee swap. i brought a sort of crappy battery operated screwdriver that seemed to be popular (but keep in mind that we have really low standards for these things), but i was pretty happy to unwrap a martini set with four glasses and pitcher for myself. 	serena collage customer sites zach got a call from the serena collage rep who rattled off this list of customers in new england: boston college northeastern bristol community college umass lowell 	the sungard/sct luminis content management suite demo we got the demo yesterday of sungard/sct‘s luminis content management suite (sales video). i mentioned previously that the sales rep thinks pima community college and edison college show it off well. here’s what we learned in the demo: it started with the explanation that data is stored as xml, processed by jsp, and rendered to the browser as xhtml according to templates, layouts, and “web views.” it was later explained that the product was “web server agnostic” and could run under apache, iis, sunone, or others. 	electric aerobic color me amused to learn that somebody (don’t worry, amazon will never tell me who) bought carmen electra’s aerobic striptease after following one of my amazon affiliate links. 	book flower 	institutional and academic repositories mit has dspace, their solution to save, share, and search the collected work of their faculty and students (in use by public sites). now royce just shared with me this presentation by bill hubbard, the sherpa project manager at university of nottingham. what’s sherpa? the name is an acronym for securing a hybrid environment for research preservation and access, but it’s a project intended to archive the pre and post publication papers and other research products. 	kim’s cms shortlist with , cms vendors in the marketplace, we’re mining what we know or know-of as a way to shorten the list. kim named the following four: joomla, a derivative of mambo collage appears to have good content reuse features omniupdate has a good list of higher ed clients drupal: open source and turning heads 	ryan eby’s pursuit of live-search ryan eby gets excited over livesearch. and who can blame him? i mention the preceding because it explains the following: two links leading to some good examples of livesearch in the wild. inquisitor is a livesearch plugin for os x’s safari web browser. it gives the top few hits, spelling suggestions where appropriate, and links to jump to other search engines. garrett murray’s maniacalrage is an interesting blog on its own, but he’s also doing some good ajax on his search interfaces. 	simon mahler audioproduktion simon mahler did the audio for benjamin stephan and lutz vogel‘s trusted computing movie. the movie is good, but i realized i was letting it play in the background just to hear the soundtrack, so i finally looked up mahler’s fotone.net and found the three free song downloads. it’s good stuff, but i’m wondering where the album is… 	cop tasers cop two cops: he wanted a soda, she didn’t. she had the wheel, he had a taser. details from this associated press story: hamtramck, mich. — a police officer has been charged with using a taser on his partner during an argument over whether they should stop for a soft drink. ronald dupuis, , was charged wednesday with assault and could face up to three months in jail if convicted. the six-year veteran was fired after the nov. 	they might be giants podcast thanks go to jenny for the link to the they might be giants podcast! and all that brings up something i was too lazy to figure out before. interestingly, it became an issue now only because i was also too lazy to look for the tmbg podcast in the itunes podcast directory. it turned out to be easy enough to subscribe directly, but here are the directions from apple: if you can’t find a podcast on the itunes music store, never fear. 	free palm/treo aim client my treo rocks. part of my love for the new gadget is how i can now aim on the run without sms. sure, i risk frostbitten fingers as i walk across campus and i’d probably be a lot better off if i just called the person, but…but… anyway, everything treo was near the top of my google query with a roundup of three commercial im apps for palm. but none of the reviewed apps seemed all that great, and i sort of expected to find a free client. 	two things to know about library . you don’t like the “ . ” moniker? so what. john blyberg reminds us that “if we’re arguing over semantics, we’ve been derailed.” and stephen abram is said to have cautioned us: “when librarians study something to death, we forget that death was not the original goal.” 	bsuite bug fixes (release b v ) [innerindex]i’ve fixed another bug in bsuite b , my multi-purpose plugin. this update is recommended for all bsuite users. fixed previous versions would throw errors at the bottom of the page when the http referrer info included search words from a recognized search engine. installation follow the directions for the bsuite b release. the download link there will always fetch the current version. upgrades from earlier versions of bsuite are easy, just replace the old bsuite. 	improving wordpress search results simplesearch – a full-text solution | beau collins 	nature concludes wikipedia not bad fresh from nature: a peer reveiw comparison of wikipedia’s science coverage against encyclopaedia britannica: one of the extraordinary stories of the internet age is that of wikipedia, a free online encyclopaedia that anyone can edit. this radical and rapidly growing publication, which includes close to million entries, is now a much-used resource. but it is also controversial: if anyone can edit entries, how do users know if wikipedia is as accurate as established sources such as encyclopaedia britannica? 	yahoo! rocks the web no, i don’t mean that they’re disrupting it, i mean they’re getting it. and in saying that, i don’t mean they’re figured it our first, but they they’re making some damn good acquisitions to get it right. mostly, i’m speaking of they’re purchase of flickr last year and their acquisition of del.icio.us friday. but in a somewhat lesser way i’m also speaking of their announcement monday that they’ll be offering blogs as well. 	yahoo! buys del.icio.us nial kennedy threw down some of the first coverage of yahoo!’s acquisition of del.icio.us last week. del.icio.us will most likely be integrated with existing yahoo! search property my web. my web allows yahoo! members to tag search results for discovery through a defined social network (y! ) or all yahoo! users. yahoo! will use del.icio.us bookmarks to better inform personalized search results throughout its services. its ability to combine signals of relevance from search result click-throughs to a listing of sites bookmarked and classified will lead to increased use of yahoo! 	opensearch spec updated i just received this email from the a opensearch team: we have just released opensearch . draft . we hope to declare it the final version shortly, and it is already supported by a .com. uprading from a previous version should only take a few minutes… opensearch . allows you to specify search results in html, atom, or any other format (or multiple formats) in addition to just rss. in addition, opensearch . 	a patron’s perspective on library . my friend joe monninger is perhaps a library’s favorite patron. he’s an avid reader who depends on his public library for books and audiobooks and dvds, and as a writer and professor he depends on the services of the university library. but he doesn’t work in libraries, and though he listens patiently to my work stories, he doesn’t really care about the politics or internal struggles we face. that said, i’m reprinting here the full text of his recent column for the valley news, a paper serving hanover new hampshire and other upper connecticut river valley communities. 	bush joke i wish i could admit the provenance of the following, but i’ve been sworn to secrecy. here goes: donald rumsfeld is briefing president bush: “yesterday, brazilian soldiers were killed.” “oh no!” exclaims the president, “that’s terrible!” his staff is stunned at this unprecedented display of emotion, watching as bush sits, head in hands. finally, he looks up and asks, “how many is a brazillion?” 	identity management podcast josh porter and alex barnett got dick hardt and kim cameron on the line to talk about identity management. the result is available as a podcast. i should add that josh and alex are big on the attention economy and social software, so they’re asking questions about how idm works in those contexts. most people thinking about idm today seem to be thinking about its uses in the enterprise or in education, but when i say identity management is the next big thing, i mean it in the social context that josh and alex are rooted in. 	sungard/sct luminis content management suite we’re looking at the sungard/sct luminis content management suite (sales video). the real demo comes later, but the sales rep thinks pima community college and edison college show it off well. hmm. 	four million dominos, a sparrow, an exterminator people like to topple dominos, and some people like to topple great long snaking lines of them. so tv crews get involved, people spend a month or more lining the damn things up, and domino day becomes an annual event. enter sparrow. sparrow menaces dominos, topples , of them. enter exterminator. exterminator shoots sparrow. enter news media. enter public outcry. enter death threats. result: a record million dominos, the sparrow incident is being investigated by a reported seven agencies, and the martyr sparrow has been preserved for display in . 	free fonts zone erogene has ten fonts available for free download, including migraine serif and the faux-cyrillic perestroika. tip for mac os x users: rename the font to remove the “.txt” extension that will get added to the filename, then double-click it. 	the dial up isp wasteland yes, there are some parts of the continental us not yet served by dsl or cable modems. that’s why i’m looking for a dial up isp. nationally we’ve got aol and earthlink, followed by budget operators netzero, peoplepc, and netscape online. but here’s the thing, and forgive my ignorance, why do all these services suggest you need to download and install software just to dial in? i mean, hasn’t dial up networking been a standard feature of various releases of mac os and windows since or so? 	treo for me i’ve been talking up the pepper pad and nokia a lot, and i’ve mentioned a moment of lust for the lifedrive (despite my complaints against pdas), but today i bought a treo (even though i had doubts). my decision surprised me, but the following factors all weighed in its favor: my cell phone contract expired. verizon was dangling their standard $ discount (on top of other discounts) on a new phone if i renewed. 	the bathroom reader somebody at gizmodo found this agence france-presse story about the intersection of american surfing and bathroom habits in the hindustan times. it’s based on a report by the usc annenberg school‘s center for the digital future. for five years running now, the center has tracked internet use (and non-use) in a , household representative sample of america (choosing a new sample each year). this year, researchers found: “over half of those who used wi-fi had used it in the bathroom. 	gao report confirms election fraud this should be no surprise — especially to those who’ve been appropriately concerned about electronic voting machines: lyn davis lear is reporting on a gao report that concluded the election was fraudulent and a diebold insider is blowing the whistle (via engadget). what does the report confirm? bob fitrakis &amp; harvey wasserman summarize: some electronic voting machines “did not encrypt cast ballots or system audit logs, and it was possible to alter both without being detected. 	supamonks video al sent this video along via email, and it seems perfect for friday afternoon. it’s all about super-monks (supramoine in french?), a kind of european shaolin, maybe. 	warning label humor amadana‘s new headphones come with an amusing warning label: can’t climb wall. can’t listen to the voice in your heart. can’t open the coffer (safe). sure, the above looks fake, but lichen pointed out this other engrishism: “fits well and stable…with movable ear hangers.” want more? go visit galleries of oddness. 	astro dog press jon link is among the smartest and coolest people i know, so when he decides to start up a press, and then decides to fund his startup with t-shirt sales, i get in line. 	nokia in the wild gizmodo‘s reporting the nokia is in customer’s hands and getting some buttons pushed. now we’ve got nokia and pepper exploring this space. where to next? 	frontrow for everybody via an im from ryan eby: a pointer to andrew escobar‘s directions on how to install apple’s front row. 	digitize vinyl easy engadget and gizmodo both have the skinny on a usb turntable. 	microformats oliver brown introduced me to microformats a while ago, the ryan eby got excited about them, then coins-pmh showed how useful they could be for libraries, but i still haven’t done anything with them myself (other than beg peter binkley to release his coins-pmh wordpress plugin). what are microformats? garrett dimon explains the theory: when writing markup against deadlines and priorities, it’s easy to forget that somebody else will eventually have to maintain it. 	macos x . = built-in vnc server macminicolo.net explains how to use it. 	queen mashups are all the rage michael sauers pointed out q-unit, a mashup of queen and cent. they’re sure to have disney (the rights owner for queen’s catalog) on their back soon. at least, it didn’t take disney long to shut down the kleptones, whose “a night at the hip-hopera” has a spot on my ipod. and that’s where the story comes around, are we at the point where we can say queen’s music has taken on the status of a modern fairy tale? 	oclc report: libraries vs. search engines so, the report was released monday, and it’s actually titled perceptions of libraries and information resources ( ), but the part i’m highlighting here is the results of the question that asked users to compare their experiences with search engines against their experiences with libraries. here’s the quesiton: satisfaction with the librarian and the search engine — by total respondents based on the most recent search you conducted through [search engine used most recently],how satisfied were you in each of the following areas? 	all conversations in warren revolve around heat a friend of mine jokes that every conversation in warren revolves around heat. but, it wouldn’t be funny if it wasn’t at least a little bit true. as it turns out, most of the rest of the country is talking about heat too. pellet stoves have been all the rage this fall. i feel lucky to have gotten one before the rush, but i’m also a little dismayed about the selection. 	jabber as inter-process communication standard? open-ils blog » blog archive » opensrf jabber: a technical review 	oss in lib ryan eby tells me that the current issue of library hi tech includes some discussion of open source software’s uses in libraries. 	my cultural go-to guy most of my reading is non-fiction, so i depend on bob garlitz to keep me current with the rest of the literary world and a bit of the art world. 	raging arguments about the future of the ils i feel a little misrepresented by a post from talis’ richard wallis claiming you don’t need technology for library . – but it helps, but the company blog doesn’t allow embedded urls, so i’m posting my comment here: richard, please don’t misunderstand me. technology is the essential infrastructure for library . . my point was that technology alone doesn’t make a library. it would be better to read my post in the context of meredith farkas‘ and jenny levine‘s recent posts crying out for more programmers in libraries. 	who’s afraid of wikipedia? arguments about wikipedia‘s value and authority will rage for quite a while, but it’s interesting to see where the lines are being drawn. on the one had we’ve got a year-old pointing out errors in encyclopaedia britannica (via many many) and now on the other side we’ve got john seigenthaler, a former editorial page editor at usa today, piping mad about some libelous content in his wikipedia biography page. now, i have to agree with seigenthaler in as much as i would never want anybody to make such claims against me, and i’d probably consider my legal options in such a matter, but i’m sure i’m not the only one who gets a chuckle over the matter. 	understanding airport codes dave english explains why airport codes can be so darn confusing (even while some of them are stupid obvious). 	criticism of modern movies we’ve all heard it before, but we just can’t get it out of our heads. today’s movies make us feel dumb. paulina borsook joins the chorus and condemns contemporary cinema by praising movies of the s and s: they were movies made for adults, even if they had been mainstream movies and/or nominally rated pg. they made presumptions about the intelligence of their audience, didn’t need things to be boldly spelled out, and they were predicated on the assumption that their audience was capable of making inferences. 	$ laptop details i’ve been doing a lot of talking about the coming information age and how it depends on access technology that is as cheap and easy to use as our cell phones (and applications of it that are as appealing as people find their cell phones). but i’ve been slow to mention the mit media lab‘s one laptop per child $ laptop plan. the truth is that i just don’t know that much about it. 	humanoid robots are eerie my friend troy pointed out a while ago that the more “realistic” our -d models of humans get, the scarier they look. apparently it applies to robots to, at least judging by the “actroid” above. maybe i better put how to survive a robot uprising closer to the top of my reading list. more at akihabara news, found via gizmodo. 	understanding wp_rewrite and related hooks the docs are in the codex, this tag plugin offers quite a few examples, as does jerome’s keywords plugin. 	wp geo mashup plugin i don’t know how i missed cyberhobo‘s geo-mashup-plugin (also at wp-plugins.org) until now. 	it’s been ahah all this time? i might be reading this wrong, but it looks like i’ve been using ahah when i’ve thought i was using ajax. hmm… 	bsuite bug fixes (release b b) [innerindex]i’ve fixed a couple bugs in bsuite b , released last week. fixes a bug with search word highlighting that caused it to litter the display in some cases. a silly mistake of mine that cause a mysql error for some users. installation follow the directions for the bsuite b release. the download link there will always fetch the current version. upgrades from bsuite b are easy, just replace the old bsuite. 	safe: design takes on risk i’ve been sitting on this story since october, hoping i’d be able to get to the show, but it’s increasingly clear that i’m not getting to nyc for a while. so, anyway… moma is showing safe: design takes on risk wired magazine described it: just in time for the wave of catastrophes plaguing our fragile planet, some top designers unveil a series of aesthetically pleasing objects that could be handy in dangerous situations, from the banal to the apocalyptic. 	library . ? rochelle worries that all this library . talk is lost on her library. ross tells us why he hates the library . meme and dan reminds us it’s not about buzzwords. but michael is getting closest to a point that’s been troubling me for a while: library . isn’t about software, it’s about libraries. it’s about the evolution of all of our services to meet the needs of our users. 	bar hosts burglaries in years yahoo! news tells me that brigitte hoffmann’s tages-bar in berlin gets robbed a lot. 	edward gorey’s “elephant” house edward gorey is known for having created the gashlycrumb tinies, an alphabet of ways young children can meet an early end. that, and the bumper animations for public television’s mystery! (here, have some games). gorey is dead now, but his house in yarmouth is open to the public. admission is $ for adults (http://edwardgoreyhouse.org/, phone - - ). i found out about the house at odd new england. 	 , cms vendors! cms market watch tells us that there are , cms vendors, and some of them are getting a little feisty. 	a library for all peoples in a washington post column last week, librarian of congress james h. billington proposed a library for the new world: [t]he time may be right for our country’s delegation to consider introducing to the [unesco] a proposal for the cooperative building of a world digital library. this would offer the promise of bringing people closer together by celebrating the depth and uniqueness of different cultures in a single global undertaking. 	bsuite features: the photo spread bsuite highlights the search words used to find blog posts in google and other search engines, and uses those search terms to recommend other related posts at your wordpress site. — – — bsuite uses the tags of one post to recommend related posts in your wordpress blog. — – — bsuite includes an easy to use statistics engine that tracks the daily hits to every post and page. 	opportunity knocks message from jenny levine: opportunity knocks. some people hear it, others claim it’s just squirrels on the roof. 	opac web services should be like amazon web services no, i’m not talking about the interface our users see in the web browser — there’s enough argument about that — i’m talking about web services, the technologies that form much of the infrastructure for web . . once upon a time, the technology that displayed a set of data, let’s say catalog records, was inextricably linked to the technology that stored that set of data. as we started to fill our data repositories, we found it usefull to import (and export) the data so that we could benefit from the work others had done and share our contributions with others. 	talk big if i lived in seattle, i’d look to beatnickside’s photos for clues about where the fun is. here’s his photo of the “iron composer” competition at the crocodile cafe. 	dance dance revolution, nyc i caught the following story on npr’s all things considered (realaudio stream) last night: new york is known for its vibrant nightlife, yet in many bars and restaurants it’s illegal to dance. now, a law professor is challenging the “cabaret laws,” claiming they violate a dancer’s right of free expression. the city says dancing by patrons is not a protected right — and can prove it. (link added) this was a big surprise to me, and a bigger surprise to learn that it’s not just some blue law. 	bsuite wordpress plugin (b release) [innerindex]the first thing we all have to agree on is that bsuite is the replacement for bstat. the name change reflects that fact that the plugin is doing a lot more than simply track page loads. the most exciting new feature is a module i can’t help but call bsuggestive. it uses the tags of the current post to suggest related posts to your readers. and when readers arrive at your site via a search engine, it not only highlights the search words they used, but offers a list of other posts matching their search criteria. 	cms pitfalls everybody wants a content management system, but there’s little agreement about what a cms is or what it should do. even knowledgeable people often find themselves struggling for an answer before giving up and defining a cms by example. the problem is that we know we want better websites, and we know technology should help, but how. jeffery veen offers some sage advice to those who would ignore the non-technical facets of the problem: 	theories of information behavior via librarian way i found the lis radio webcast of a conversation between sandra erdelez and karen fischer, two of three editors of theories of information behavior from asis&amp;t and information today. unfortunately, the interview focuses on how the book came to be more than the content, but the description reads: overviews of more than conceptual frameworks for understanding how people seek, manage, share, and use information in different contexts. 	bsuggestive and bsuite tag support bsuite, the follow-up to bstat, now includes a module called “bsuggestive” that recommends related posts based on the current post’s tags or alternate posts based on your search words when you arrive from a recognized search engine. that is, bsuggestive does two neat things: first, visitors will see a section in each post with links to other posts on your site that have similar content. the “similarity” is judged by comparing the current posts tags against the content and titles of all other posts in the database. 	bsuite is coming i’m about to release a public beta of my wordpress plugin over at maisonbisson. information about my favorite new feature, bsuggestive, online now. bsuite started out as bstat, and continues to offer rich stats tracking features. update: bsuite b is out! 	wayfaring.com wayfaring: with wayfaring.com you can explore maps created by others, or create your own personalized map. share them with friends or the whole world. now imagine it with earthcomber integration. wouldn’t that be neat. 	raging arguments about the future of the ils i hadn’t seen ryan eby’s post at libdev that connected ilss with wordpress before i posted that library catalogs should be like wordpress here. it connects with a my comment on a post at meredith farkas’ information wants to be free. my comment there goes in two directions, but i’d like to focus on the technology side now. our vendors will inevitably bend to our demands and add small features here and there, but even after that, we’ll still be stuck paying enormous amounts of money for systems that remain fundamentally flawed. 	rollyo metasearch rollyo: roll your own search engine. create personal search engines using only the sources you trust. relevant. reliable. rollyo. they call them “searchrolls” 	library catalogs should be like wordpress library catalogs should be be like wordpress. that is, every entry should support comments, trackbacks, and pingbacks. every record should have a permalink. content should be tag-able. the look should be easily customizable with themes. everything should be available via rss or atom. it should be extendable with a rich plugin api. and when that fails, it would be nice if it were all written in a convenient language like php so we can hack it ourselves. 	infrared photos among the infrared photos at pbase.com is this plantation infrared collection by joseph levy. above: part of the collection by richard higgs. 	blog value the sale of weblogs inc. to aol last month for $ + million got a lot of bloggers excited. tristan louis did the math and put the sale value into perspective against the number of incoming links the the weblogs inc. properties. it’s an interesting assertion of the value of the google economy, no? the various properties have a total of almost , incoming links, which work out to being worth between about $ and $ each, depending on the actual sale price, which everybody’s mum about. 	karen kills in karts karen has the smart-sexy-funny thing going on, but that doesn’t stop her from eating donut after donut or beating will and me in every white-knuckled kart race we ran last weekend. drivers sit only an inch or two off the ground in karts that are said to go miles an hour. eight minute races may seem short, but at between and seconds per lap (my best time was -some-odd seconds, karen’s was at least a second faster), you’ll get plenty of chances to skid out at every turn. 	thanksgiving there is, supposedly, some historical meaning to our thanksgiving holiday, but all i can figure out is that i wasn’t there and it probably didn’t go as i’ve been told. thing is, thanksgiving isn’t so much about what we were, but who we are. thanksgiving celebrates the two most important things in life: food and family. almost unique among us holidays, retailers haven’t yet found a way to commercialize it. international readers may wonder how a us holiday can exist without commercial involvement, but they should know that we make up for it in the way we eat. 	my wife the technology dependent anti-geek my wife sandee cringes at the suggestion that she’s a geek. she writes poetry and teaches english, she cooks fabulous meals and dances all night long. surely you’re mistaken she’ll say. but she does have a laptop, a digital camera, and an ipod. and she immediately saw the value of having a computer in the living room when mp s replaced cds many years ago. so you’ll point to all of this and ask for a clarification and she’ll explain that her use of technology does not make her a technophile any more than her use of a car makes her a nascar fan. 	pew internet report: search engines gain ground according to the recently released pew internet report on online activities: on an average day, about million american adults use the internet; % will use email, % will use a search engine. among all the online activities tracked, including chatting and iming, reading blogs or news, banking, and buying, not one of them includes searching a library opac. 	november snow we’ve had snow on the mountains for a while now, but this is the first accumulation in my yard. 	when you hit bottom and need design help stock.xchng has nothing on flickr for searching, finding, sharing photos, except that they’re uploaded with the express intention of offering them for re-use. some are available free, others free for non-commercial use, others with their own license terms. but stock photos aren’t really the bottom of the barrel. no, for that you have to look at pixellogo. it’s there that you’ll see the sorts of things you can do to put some pop in a limp design. 	using xml in php everybody likes documentation. the zend folks posted this overview and simplexml introduction the o’reilly folks at onlamp offered this guide to using simplexml. of course, there’s always the simplexml docs at php.net. two problems: i haven’t encountered cdata in my xml yet, but i do hope to develop a better solution than offered here when i do. the other is that simplexml chokes on illegal characters, a unfortunately common occurrence in documents coming from iii’s xml server. 	akismet spam catcher i’ve been getting spam, a lot of spam; spam comments and trackbacks in the last two months or so. so it was a relief to find akismet, a networked spam blocking plugin for wordpress. they claim to have blocked , spams since its release, and i’ve been pretty happy with it. 	instant messaging in libraries: ten points from aaron schmidt aaron schmidt’s points about im in libraries include: instant messaging is free (minus staff time) millions of our patrons use im every day. for some, not being available via im is like not having a telephone number. there are three major im networks (aim, y!m, msn) y!m and msn will be interoperable at some point. trillian is a multi-network im client, meebo is a web-based multi-network client. use them. 	retro gaming for the holidays it’s amusing how retailers will try to capture a trend. so retro gaming fans have been building their own arcade cabinets for years now, but i just saw that target is offering a midway arcade machine for the holidays. the -pound machine is described as “full-size” and offers joust, defender i and ii, robotron, rampage, splat, satan’s hollow, root beer tapper, bubbles, wizard of war, timber and sinistar. 	thermometer museum dick porter, of onset ma, has been building his collection of over thermometers since the mid- s, though the collection has nearly doubled since when it was just over . he calls it the world’s largest and only thermometer museum. he’s certainly passionate about them, and he’s been an invited speaker at more than a few thermometer and weather related events, like the christening of the world’s largest thermometer in baker california. 	harmon’s lunch i learned of harmon’s lunch from a mention on the splendid table a few weeks ago. i wrote down the following quote from the show from memory, so it may not be entirely accurate: they have two things on the menu, and nobody ever orders the other one. they serve hamburgers, and the only option is with or without onions. as it turns out, the menu is a little richer than suggested. 	collective intelligence: wisdom of the crowds i’m here at neasis&amp;t’s “social software, libraries, and the communities that (could) sustain them” event, presented by steven cohen. he’s suggesting we read james surowiecki’s the wisdom of crowds. surowiecki first developed his ideas for wisdom of crowds in his “financial page” column of the new yorker. many critics found his premise to be an interesting twist on the long held notion that americans generally question the masses and eschew groupthink. 	more neasis&t buy hack or build followup first, josh porter, the first speaker of the day has a blog where he’s posted his presentation notes and some key points. josh spoke about web . , and ended with the conclusion that successful online technologies are those that best model user behavior. “i think web . is about modeling something that already exists in our offline worlds, mostly in the spoken words and minds of humankind.” interestingly, in findability terms, it was josh’s post that clued me in that the event podcast was online because he linked to my blog in his post. 	nelinet bibliographic services conference i’m here at the nelinet bibliographic services conference at the college of the holy cross today. the conference is titled “google vs. the opac: the challenge is on!” and there’s quite a lineup of speakers. my presentation is on “the social life of metadata.” my slides are online, and below is some background. **the library catalog… ** the catalog is among a library’s most important assets. an unread book offers little value, but the catalog offers the promise that the library’s resources will be found and used, and a well constructed catalog makes the finding easier by offering rich details and easy navigation. 	neasis&t buy, hack or build followup i was tempted to speak without slides yesterday, and i must offer my apologies to anybody trying to read them now, as i’m not sure how the slides make sense without the context of my speech. on that point, it’s worth knowing that lichen did an outstanding job liveblogging the event, despite struggling with a blown tire earlier that morning. it’s probably well understood by anybody reading this that most library services are at the web . 	neasis&t buy, hack or build i’m here at the neasis&amp;t buy, hack or build event today at mit’s media lab. on the list are joshua porter, director of web development for user interface engineering, pete bell [corrected], co-founder of endeca solutions, and me. i’m posting my slides here now, but i’m told we’ll see a podcast of the proceedings soon after the conclusion. be aware that the slides are full of links. i won’t be able to explore them all during the presentation, but they might add value later. 	zimbra rocks zach made me take another look at zimbra, the web-based, web . -smart, very social and ajaxed up collaboration, email, and calendar suite (plus some other goodies). go ahead, watch the flash-based demo or kick the tires with their hosted demo. i think you’ll agree that it looks better than anything else we’ve seen yet. part of the success of the project is that the developers appear to understand the problem. here’s the list of [how broken email is][ ] from the white paper: 	ars on video ipod it’s old news now, but arstechnica did a really thorough review of the video ipod. i especially appreciated reviewer clint ecker’s opinion of the video playback capabilities. now i’m curious about what this does to enable more video podcasts. 	virtual economies i’m not much of a gamer, but matt got me following video game law with curious interest. and now, via arstechnica, i’ve learned of crazy things going on in role playing game economies. to some, the only surprise in jon jacobs’s us$ , purchase of in-game real estate is that nobody thought of it sooner. the first thing to know is that unlike most other mmorpgs, project entropia mixes its virtual economy with the real world. 	second annual west texas beautiful burro and mule contest held today the text of what appears to be the press release (online at alpine avalanche): the fort davis merchants association and the jeff davis county -h club encourage everyone to come join the fun as they host the second annual west texas beautiful burro and mule contest saturday, nov. . the contest will be held on the west side of the jeff davis county courthouse, and begins at a. 	slot car camera i got a slot car set for christmas when i was about eight years old. i ran the cars until the contact pads wore out, then i pretty much gave up on them. but simon jansen is just getting into the action, and he’s doing it at a time when compact and cheap electronics afford (potentially) more interactivity. see, jansen taped his cellie on one of his cars and started recording the action with the built-in camera. 	wolfram’s tones wolframtones mixes hard science with social software in the form of a ringtone generator. each click on any of the style buttons yields a “unique [note: not random] composition.” why not random? the faqs note: once wolfram_tones_ has picked a rule to use, all the notes it will generate are in principle determined. but that doesn’t mean there’s an easy way to predict them; in fact, wolfram’s phenomenon of computational irreducibility shows that in general there can’t be. 	tech tuesdays: spam management john martin was kind enough to lead a session on spam management tuesday (november th). here was the description: spam is annoying and often offensive, but it’s a fact of life for all of us. john martin will lead a discussion about how we can limit the amount of spam we see using tools running on our campus mail server and in outlook. he’ll also discuss what we can do to keep our email addresses out of spam lists in the first place and spam related issues such as phishing. 	six weapons of influence ken forwarded me this podcast of robert cialdini speaking on his six weapons of influence, which he lists as reciprocation commitment and consistency social proof authority liking scarcity cialdini’s book is in its fourth edition, and has apparently been adopted as a text for more than a few classes and the concepts have worked their way into everybody’s marketing seminars. motivation speaker and marketing yakyak patricia fripp summarizes those six weapons like this: 	library integration stuff i’d meant to point out these two articles from library journal ages ago, but now that i’m putting together my presentations for next week (neasis&amp;t &amp; nelinet), i realized i hadn’t. roy tennant writes in doing data differently that “our rich collections of metadata are underused.” while roland dietz &amp; carl grant, in the same issue, bemoan the dis-integrated world of library systems. 	how to survive a robot uprising so there i am trying to read things i can’t possible read and i stumble across a link to daniel h. wilson’s how to survive a robot uprising: tips on defending yourself against the coming rebellion. from th amazon book description: how do you spot a robot mimicking a human? how do you recognize and then deactivate a rebel servant robot? how do you escape a murderous “smart” house, or evade a swarm of marauding robotic flies? 	digital library systems group shows wares i was in cambridge today attending the digital library systems group presentation on their fancy scanners and imaging workflow software. we have no digital collections program going yet, but we’re part of a university system plan to acquire either ex libris’s digitool or encompass for digital collections (sample sites). but getting the collection management software just creates another problem: we don’t have any imaging resources to use to fill the new digital archive. 	ikea comes to new england hey, doesn’t the ikea near boston open today? sure does. the company has stores worldwide. according to a story in the pheonix: oddly enough, ikea flopped when it opened its first us store in . but by making concessions to american expectations (softer couches, american bed sizes, good thread counts) it gradually won over low-budget consumers attracted to its upmarket design, with its subtle implications of class mobility. that they were willing to bruise their toes lifting those deceptively heavy boxes speaks to the brand’s participatory appeal […]. 	internet, interactivity, & youth jenny levine alerted me to the pew internet &amp; american life project report on teens as both content creators and consumers. it turns out that teens, and teen girls especially, are highly active online iming, sharing photos, blogging, reading and commenting on other’s blogs, and gaming. an especially strong trend in this group is the use of web technologies for collaboration. interactivity, increasingly, is being defined by the teen’s ability to ask questions, comment, or contribute. 	reva “electricity car” how crazy is it that we can get neither flying cars nor (affordable) fuel efficient cars today? anyway, the reva (shown above) is a tiny little electric that seats two adults, can go miles on a charge, and fully charges in five hours (two hours gets an % charge). it’s an indian company, but they export to europe and the website has some mention of test-marketing the cars in the us. 	pen-based computing loses the tablet via engadget i found mention of the leapfrog fly, a pen with embedded computer that reads your handwriting. need a calculator? just write out “ + = ” and hear a response from the pen computer’s synthesized voice. need to schedule something? write out the date. it’s targeted at kids, and the company has released it with a variety of tutoring applications and games (you guessed it: flyware) appropriate for kids in rd to th grade. 	this car climbed hubbert peak this car climbed hubbert peak bumper stickers from hubbertpeak.net. 	devil’s horn on npr’s weekend edition today: an interview with michael segel, author of the devil’s horn, subtitled “the story of the saxophone, from noisy novelty to king of cool.” adolph sax’s instrument seems to have been controversial from the start. other manufacturers tried to assassinate him, the pope declared the church’s opposition to the instrument, ladies home journal explained that it “rendered listeners unable to distinguish right and wrong.” 	i get love letters (about bill bennett’s racist remarks) “john b,” from omaha, ne writes regarding my post about conservatives, freakonomics, and bill bennett’s racism: [i]f you had actually listened when bill bennett made the comment you quote, you would see it was not intentionally racist. you’ve taken the quote completely out of context. i’m willing to bet that you know you’ve taken the quote out of context, but really don’t care. you’ll do anything to make anyone conservative or republican look bad. 	the codex series this, from chris anderson: the codex is a episode series of machinimas made on xboxes running halo . the result caught the attention of his six- and eight-year-old children, and then him. machinimas are computer animated in real-time, using video games to create the environment, and human “puppeteers” to drive the action. the action is capture, edited, and voice-overs added. because they remove many of the economic and technical barriers to film production, they hold the promise of emphasizing story and plot, and exposing talent among those who create them. 	gnarly trees gnarly trees: “this group is for trees with oddly-formed limbs, strange bulges or growths, braided roots, or otherwise abnormal looking parts.” 	this car climbed hubbert peak this is probably the perfect bumper sticker for your neighbor’s suv, at least until your neighbor comes over with the perfect chainsaw for your front door (yeah, try to run from that in birkenstocks). but seriously, shouldn’t somebody tell these people that the world is running out of oil? 	venkman javascript debugger how did i miss this before? the venkman javascript debugger; available here, with user’s guide and faq. 	ostankino tower & world federation of great towers i don’t remember exactly why i found myself looking up moscow‘s ostankino tower, a ft ( m) tall radio-television tower. compared to the world’s tallest buildings, it’s taller than all the greats: the taipei , the sears tower, empire state building, though some people keep towers — even those with observation platforms — in a category separate from skyscrapers. so what’s a tower enthusiast to do? go take a look at the world federation of great towers (also at wikipedia). 	decision death spiral scott berkun, the author of the art of project management just blogged about the data death spiral: whenever data is misused as the only means for making decisions, a death spiral begins. the lust for data overwhelms all sensibilities. cowardly decision makers howl in glee at reams of unnecessary data, while bright people sit handcuffed to ugly slidedecks and mediocre ideas. decision makers forget their brains and wait for numbers, fueling an organizational addiction to unnecessary and distracting data. 	the livermore centennial bulb treehugger alerted me to the rather surprising story of this light bulb, burning continuously since . yeah, at least that’s the story here, at the centennial light bulb committee’s website (a partnership of the livermore-pleasanton fire department, livermore heritage guild, lawrence livermore national laboratories, and sandia national laboratories). the bulb is said to have been made by the shelby electric company of shelby, ohio, and given to the fire department by dennis bernal, owner the livermore power and light co. 	russian navy likes it big (and heavy) maybe the meaning is simply lost in translation, but take a look at the captions for this photo essay of the russian navy titled “baltops military exercise: russia is showing its muscles.” here, have two big ships, some big anti-aircraft ships, a big landing ship, a big anti-submarine ship, even a big atomic missile cruiser, and add this heavy atomic cruiser. now how would you feel about captaining the one small landing ship? 	what’s in a web search? sometimes the answer isn’t as interesting as the question. consider this note from yahoo buzz: on sunday, the day before the nomination became official, [searches for] alito sprang up a sudden %. did searches for alito spike on tips white house staffers, or were white house staffers vetting their nominee via the search engines? 	seattle via the programmableweb: seattle .com. it’s another mashup with google maps, but who knew anybody could get data in real time? sure, it’s only for seattle, and only their fire/ems servers (no police), but technology wise, it’s cool. kudos to seattle, i guess. what’s my reticence? i don’t know if i should have this data…and putting it together like this hits my privacy funny bone a bit. but then, this data exists…it’s a matter of public record. 	uc irvine’s hiperwall putting together ″ apple cinema hd displays with power mac g s gets you million pixels of screen real estate spread over x feet. call it uc irvine’s hiperwall. 	paper house a visit to the paper house will run $ . and takes you out to a beautiful corner of the massachusetts coast, pigeon hill street rockport, ma , just up the hill from pigeon cove. call ( ) - if you’ve got questions. more info at odd new england. pictures tell quite a story, so take a look at the photoset showing details of the fireplace, curtains, and exterior walls. 	missiles explode in south korea one or more trucks carrying disassembled nike-hercules missiles exploded in a tunnel near the cities of taegu and masan in south korea today. reuters reports no deaths, the korea times criticizes lack of safety. 	the new imacs… i live quite a distance from any apple stores, so it’s only now that i’ve been able to see the new stuff. the photo booth application bundled with the new imacs is actually more fun than i expected. that’s me above with the “comic book” effect applied. but front row is every bit as sweet as it looks in the demos. yes, i want it on my current machine. and, yes, i would pay $ , or maybe $ , i might even be convinced to pay $ for the remote and software. 	i will crush you or, er, my server will be crushed. i guess i should admit that my stuff could do with some optimization, maybe. perhaps what i really need is something faster than celeron with mb ram. maybe. 	is search rank group-think? way back in april , jakob nielsen tried to educate us on zipf distributions and the power law, and their relationship to the web. this is where discussions of the chris anderson’s long tail start, but the emphasis is on the whole picture, not just the many economic opportunities at the end of the tail. here’s how it works with hits to websites: a few sites become popular and form the “big head” at the left a few more sites form the slope a huge number of websites score very low and form the “long tail” nielsen adds these examples: 	 + ways good html can go bad via brad neuberg: rsnake’s xss (cross site scripting) cheatsheet: esp: for filter evasion. limitations on cross site scripting (xss hereafter) have been troubling me as i try to write enhancements to our library catalog, but the reasons for the prohibition are sound. without them i could snort your browser cookies (rsnake lists: “cookie/credential stealing/replay/session riding” among the threats, but a well-planned attack could also fetch resources from internal webservers and deliver them to external data thieves). 	ipod linux tutorial how to install ipod linux on &amp; g mini, g, photo 	attack of the blogs (yeah)! online reaction to the forbes cover story attack of the blogs has been quick and strong, and given the doom and gloom language, it’s not surprising: blogs started a few years ago as a simple way for people to keep online diaries. suddenly they are the ultimate vehicle for brand-bashing, personal attacks, political extremism and smear campaigns. it’s not easy to fight back: often a bashing victim can’t even figure out who his attacker is. 	swarmsketch via information nation, i found swarmsketch. here’s the description: swarmsketch: collective sketching of the collective consciousness. swarmsketch is an ongoing online canvas that explores the possibilities of distributed design by the masses. each week it randomly chooses a popular search term which becomes the sketch subject for the week. in this way, the collective is sketching what the collective thought was important each week. (due to increased traffic sketches are currently being updated after about lines) 	learn japanese online tutoring in japanese at udanstraight.com. here, have some trial lessons. 	new social web apps ross mayfield’s new social software list discusses ning, flock, wink, memeorandum, sphere, and rollyo. 	the fight over massport wifi i do a lot of flying in and out of boston’s logan airport, so i’ve been following the controversy about wifi there with some interest. the story is that massport, the government agency that runs the airport, is trying to tell tennents — like the airlines — that they can’t operate their own wifi networks. but the fcc previously ruled that landowners had no authority can control use of the wifi spectrum on their premises. 	public broadcasting sms to construction sign (at engadget and textually), and sms to megaphone — for the armchair protester (at textually and engadget). 	gen h- personal helicopter it’s nearing the end of and we still don’t have any flying cars like we were promised, but the gen h- personal helicopter looks promising (and dangerous). here it is in the air, and i might be crazy, but it looks to be controlled by weight-shift (even more photos). ohgizmo says it sells for about $ , . gizmodo claims it drives its counter-rotating rotors with an eight-horsepower, cc engine. and odd things from japan wonders if “this is the nearest thing on earth to ‘takekoputa. 	goats show i can’t really pass as an undergrad anymore, but they still let me in to friday night rock to see the mountain goats. mp s: this year commandante going to bridlington 	homer simpson nuclear safety simulator here: have at it with a swedish nuclear power plant simulator. raise and lower the control rods, turn pumps on and off, open and close valves, just make sure you don’t blowup anything. go look at the chernobyl tour to see what happens when you mess up. the original page includes this context: the control-room operators of the kärnobyl nuclear power plant are telecommuting and are running the plant through the web. 	 minutes of attention i won’t link to the new york times anymore, but when ross mayfield quotes them, i don’t have to. the story is that life is full of interruptions. the typical office environment today apparently allows workers “only minutes on any given project before being interrupted and whisked off to do something else.” worse, “each -minute project was itself fragmented into even shorter three-minute tasks, like answering e-mail messages, reading a web page or working on a spreadsheet. 	ubicomp goes spray-on via gizmodo, we make money not art, and the engineer: spray-on computers. the idea is to develop computers about the size of a grain of sand (though they say a cubic millimeter here), give them sensors and networking capabilities, and completely change our notion of “computer.” from the engineer: each speck will be autonomous, with its own captive, renewable energy source. thousands of specks, scattered or sprayed on a person or surfaces, will collaborate in programmable computational networks called specknets. 	dick hardt ‘s identity . presentation i said “identity management is the next big thing” back in september. that was before i’d seen sxip founder dick hardt’s presentation on identity . . zach peeped me the link and told me i wouldn’t regret watching the presentation. he was right. everybody, especially the people who don’t yet care about identity management, should take a look. 	the language of your website lynne puckett on the web lib list pointed me to web pages that suck and highlighted this quote from the site: nobody cares about you or your site. really. what visitors care about is getting their problems solved. most people visit a web site to solve one or more of the following three problems. they want/need information they want/need to make a purchase / donation. they want/need to be entertained. 	what are blogs? tech tuesdays: blogs and blogging 	tech tuesdays: blogs and blogging note: these are my presentation notes for a brown bag discussion with library faculty and university it staff today. this may become a series…[[pageindex]] more: my presentation slides and the daily show video. introduction public awareness of blogs seems to begin during the years of campaigning leading up to the election, but many people credit bloggers for swaying news coverage of senator trent lott‘s comments at senator strom thurmond‘s th birthday celebration in december . 	mike walter’s mellotron before gadgeteers could get affordable (or any) electronics for polyphonic sound synthesis or sample playback, they dallied with tape playback devices that would link each key to its own tape mechanism that played a pre-recorded tape loop at the keyed pitch. they called it a mellotron, and yes, an -key piano would require tape mechanisms. mike walters’ home-made melloman uses walkman-style cassette players wired to a two-octave keyboard in that snazzy-cool case. 	flock out the flock preview is out and i love it. the good folks at wordpress.com are saying “it’s like firefox with goodies.” i’m saying it’s a browser built for web . . 	somebody somewhere is starting the gamer’s rights movement annalee newitz tells me that video game developers are looking for cheaters by installing spyware with their games. blizzard, developer of world of warcraft, starcraft, and diablo is among the biggest names doing this. greg hoglund, quoted at copyfight, notes: i watched the [software] warden sniff down the email addresses of people i was communicating with on msn, the url of several websites that i had open at the time, and the names of all my running programs, including those that were minimized or in the toolbar. 	engadget caption contest caption contest: what large honkers you have! 	genuine fractals resolution on demand onone software‘s genuine fractals 	putting your video on a new ipod [how-to: automatically download and convert tv for your ipod – hackaday.com ] 	understanding web . ross mayfield says web . is “made of people.” tim o’reilly tells us it’s about participation. and to marc canter, it’s the connectivity. more to come… 	mmm. spelunking in sewers international urban glow – europe underground 	mt. moriah: summit denied will and i didn’t summit mt. moriah yesterday. we’d started late and the weather was turning against us, but i did get this shot of mt. washington and the presidential range. 	email . from ross mayfield in many many: this email is: [ ] bloggable [x] ask first [ ] private 	whale watching on lake michigan? whale watching on lake michigan? 	false: whale watching on lake michigan way back in , classroomhelp.com published a story on whale watching in lake michigan. as it turns out, the info was based on content on a geocities.com member page that suggests they book trips to see and swim with marine fauna in the great lakes. unfortunately, classroomhelp.com later posted a retraction saying “we thought it was true …it looked so real. it looked like a legitimate web site.” jim wenzloff notes 	web pages that suck “web pages that suck: learn usability and good web design by looking at bad web design.” 	where are the mit weblog survey results? where are the mit weblog survey results? they were supposed to be out september first, but they’re still missing… all i can find is this older page from fernanda viegas. 	bad covers: oops! i did it again memepool.com points out that the folks at supermasterpiece are claiming priority over britney spears’ oops ! i did it again. their story is: “oops ! i did it again” was recorded in april, in a chicago studio, most likely nearlie’s or west and fourth. cut for the decca label by louis armstrong and elemends of zilner randolph’s touring group, “oops!” failed to make the chart impact of “all of me,” another side recorded in the same session, and soon fell out of print. 	now search lamson library at a .com a , the search engine from amazon.com, does some pretty interesting things that libraries should be aware of. first, any library considering a metasearch product should look at what can be done for free, and second, libraries should take a look at the opensearch technology that drives it. so now, when searching for harry potter, you’ll also find relevant results from plymouth state university‘s lamson library. we’re not the first library — i think seattle public was — and my work mostly follows the cookbook written up by ryan eby, of michigan state university libraries. 	camera tossing memepool introduced me to camera tossing at flickr, where there’s even a group for those who are willing to risk their camera for a chance at a shot of streaky lights. but not everybody tosses in the dark, it’s turned out to be a a new fad in self-portraiture. click through for credits and more info on the photos above. 	php + xml = love the zend overview of the new xml features in php has re-energized me for building xml server applications at my library. 	hello wordpress.com! cliff invited me to wordpress.com earlier this week and i’ve just gotten a chance to get things up and running over there. i’m planning (though plans are never certain) to move my link blogging (think “blinks”) over there and (perhaps) re-publish them here in some aggregated form. we’ll see how that works out over time. 	dan grossman’s list of top ten ajax apps top ajax applications at a venture forth. 	fuel efficient vehicles people looking for oversized pickups, ridiculously large russian army trucks, even jet powered speedsters have it easy. but what about people who have some understanding of the hubbert peak and don’t want suvs? + mpg cars have been available in japan for years now, and can be bought used in canada for under$ . but us law forbids importing them to the us! heck, the smart, the super-efficient line from daimlerchrysler, has been available in europe (and now canada) for about ten years now, but it too can only be imported with a lot of restrictions. 	affordable fuel efficient vehicles (not in the us) i’m a fan of the smart, the fuel efficient european roadster that’s smaller than a mini (see above). it’s coming to america, but indirectly and not without some complexity. oddly, considering the current energy crisis and that buyers appear to be looking for more efficient vehicles now, there’s a lot of red tape involved with bringing efficient vehicles new or old to the us. take these japanese k-cars that get around miles per gallon and can be imported and bought used for under $ , but only in canada. 	manhattan user’s guide manhattan user’s guide caught my attention when i followed a link to their hump day list of funnies. 	social geography: common census commoncensus map project: the commoncensus map project is redrawing the map of the united states based on your voting, to show how the country is organized culturally, as opposed to traditional political boundaries. it shows how the country is divided into ‘spheres of influence’ between different cities at the national, regional, and local levels. 	movie night: save the green planet i’m at a loss for words of my own to describe save the green planet (imdb page), so i’ll have to crib from others. amazon’s description: a sensitive, blue collar sad sack hopped up on conspiracy theories and sci-fi is convinced that aliens have infiltrated human society and are planning to destroy the planet at the next lunar eclipse. he sets out to kidnap his boss to torture him until he confesses to his alien identity and stops the invasion. 	the conservatives vs. freakonomics conservatives hate freakonomics, that book by economist steven d. levitt and journalist stephen j. dubner that takes on more than a few sticky issues that most people don’t normally consider to be within the purview of economics. (see also the freakonomics blog). publisher’s weekly notes: there isn’t really a grand theory of everything here, except perhaps the suggestion that self-styled experts have a vested interest in promoting conventional wisdom even when it’s wrong. 	weird travel it started with the plastics museum and museum of bad art, progressed with a visit to the international bowling museum and hall of fame and continued with a tour of donut shops in lowell, ma. now i can report that the maisonbisson weird travel archives include the thermometer museum, the edward gorey house, and the paper house. click the links to see photosets at flickr, and watch maisonbisson for full reports later. 	cubesat kickstarts new space race cubesat is cal poly’s plan to make space accessible to the rest of us. that is, they want to make it easy and cheap enough to launch satellites that even high schools can get a chance at it. engadget says they call it “the apple ii of space exploration” (link added). here, read this: the cubesat project is a international collaboration of over universities, high schools, and private firms developing picosatellites containing scientific, private, and government payloads. 	group portrait at pigeon cove an unconventional panorama in rockport‘s pigeon cove. from left to right stand will and corey. of course, it looks better bigger. note: this was just a sideshow on our weird travel tour. 	the jumping in rockport it was raining today in rockport, but that didn’t stop corey (top) or will (bottom) from doing a little jumping on the seawall. note: this was just a sideshow on our weird travel tour. 	getting a passport my old passport is expired and my wife has never had a passport, so i had to look this up. fortunately, the us state department has a pretty good website for it. there are rules of course, especially for first-timers or expired passport holders. you’ll have to fill out a ds application form and bring to one of the facilities — mostly post offices — around the country. a [photographer’s guide][ ] is worth looking at for those considering taking their own photos, as the state department cares greatly for the [lighting][ ], [composition][ ], and [quality][ ] of those photos. 	balloon museum i was browsing the npr archives the other day and found this report on the international balloon museum in albuquerque, n.m.. of course i want to go there. 	pepper pad as multipurpose voip device i’m quite taken with my new bluetooth headset, despite the little hiccup i encountered. so, naturally, i’m thinking about how it would work with the voip softphone that’s promised for the pepper pad soon. i’ve become a super-fan of gizmo project on my powerbook, but that loaner pepper pad was a capable enough and more than portable enough machine that it has me wondering if i’d rather have a desktop mac and a pepper pad when upgrade times comes. 	monkey business if that proverbial room full of monkeys at typewriters ever really did randomly pound out the complete works of shakespeare, would they be as good? what if they randomly pounded out something better? 	james torio’s blogging thesis james torio has been working on his masters in marketing and took a strong look at blogs for his thesis. i looked at how blogs have impacted business and communication, how some blogs create revenue, how some companies are using blogs, how blogs greatly boost the spread of information, how blogs add richness to the media landscape, how blogs work in the long tail, how some companies are tracking the blogosphere and what the future of blogging may be. 	pravda and mccarthyism don’t worry. i’m right on top of whatever happens in pravda, the leading newspaper of the russian federation. or, at least, i’m right on top of whatever they report in their english language version. the thing that had me choking on my onion and boursin cheese bagel this morning was the story headlined fbi arrests another spy in the white house, ‘prevents’ philippine revolution. the whole philippine thing is entertaining and laughable on its own, but further down in the story the reader will find so many layers of irony and amusement as to spray their breakfast cereal about the room. 	findability, the google economy, and libraries peter morville, author of ambient findability, stirred up the web lib email list with a message about authority and findability. his message is about how services like wikipedia and google are changing our global information architecture and the meaning of “authority.” the reaction was quick, and largely critical, but good argument tests our thinking and weeds the gardens of our mind. argument is good. here’s my side. it’s important that we understand how modern search engines work. 	what bloggers need to know about cahill v. doe wendy seltzer alerts us to the delaware supreme court’s ruling last week in cahill v. doe, a case that tested our rights to anonymity online, as well as the standard for judging defamation. as it turns out, the court decided against the plaintiff, a city councilman, and protected the identity of “proud citizen,” who the councilman accused of posting defamatory remarks in an online forum. further, it also decided that the context of the remarks “a chatroom filled with invective and personal opinion” are “not a source of facts or data upon which a reasonable person would rely. 	bluetooth headset problems i’m still excited about that bluetooth headset i got last week, but i did encounter a little problem with it. rather, i encountered a problem with mac os x and the bluetooth headset. i don’t remember all the precipitating details, but the obvious threshold event was when gizmo project complained that it couldn’t find the headset. i tried deleting the configuration and re-pairing, but aside from some momentary linkages, it was all for nada. 	fried ravioli of course i like my new camera. if you don’t think these fried ravioli have enough detail, take a look at the full-size version ( x ). 	priorities so long as i’m talking about change i want to bring attention to some commentaries by chris farrell in marketplace money. on september th he noted that hurricane katrina (rita hadn’t hit yet) “ripped the veil off poverty in america” and wondered aloud weather the voting public would continue to support the republican obsession with tax breaks in the face of this new empathy for those struggling to hold on to the bottom rung of that same economic ladder. 	changethis worth looking at: changethis, started by seth godin and “a sharp team of change agents.” the quote comes from ben mcconnell at church of the customer, who also reminds us of the ways that conservatives in every field favor traditional views and values and oppose change: stay the course don’t fix what isn’t broken ignore all critics we don’t have time keep out anything foreign to us (actual or metaphorical) destroy anyone who opposes us or our way of thinking who cares that godin and mcconnell are marketers. 	…and the floods moved north the rains this weekend swelled the rivers to flood stage in south-western new hampshire. as much as half of keene is said to be under water. further north, the small and historic downtown of alstead has been washed away. this picture comes from the portsmouth herald, and reports in the washington post from keene and alstead add detail. the current death count is five, according to nhpr news, and nh governor john lynch has declared a state of emergency and activated the national guard. 	switched servers i switched to lunarpages last week after the fiasco with my old hosting provider. now, because of bandwidth and cpu usage, i’m moving to a new server at lunarpages. i wasn’t surprised about what they said when i got a message from the sysadmins about excessive cpu usage on my shared hosting account, but i was surprised with their proactive and customer friendly approach. anyway, i’ll be figuring out my new server and control panel (it’s plesk, and i’d been using cpanel for a while). 	bluetooth headset as i was contemplating making angry calls to my hosting provider last week when they shut down maisonbisson for a couple days, it occurred to me that i would rather make those calls via skypeout or some similar service that didn’t reveal my home phone number. after all, i wouldn’t want an angry sysop to take revenge by having a spare modem call me up every minutes between the hours of midnight and seven am. 	ear shrapnel noise grenade engadget calls it “skull-shattering fun” and gizmodo labeled it “ear shrapnel.” it’s available at paladone.com and boy’s stuff, though nobody seems to have yet found a domestic supplier. from the catalog page: the sonic grenade features three different levels of the most noxious sound since the last westlife album. to launch, pull the pin and throw it towards your target. after seconds, the sonic explosion occurs, giving even the deepest sleeper a wake-up call like they’ve never had before. 	library feel-good a flash animation about why libraries matter. 	rules for writing bad poetry tips from a friend: center justify the text and write things like “kill me daddy, the robins chirped.” 	compact, modular, and lego-like housing compact, modular, and lego-like housing is nothing new. buckminster fuller‘s dymaxion house (now at the henry ford museum), designed in the s, was probably the first. but the lustron house was actually sold commercially in the years after world war two. though it didn’t turn out to be a commercial success, the house did show the promise of pre-fabrication and mass-manufacture for house. they even have have an enduring fan base, with websites like the lustron connection and lustron luxury, and a documentary. 	cladonia exchanger xml editor interesting: cladonia exchanger xml editor, a java-based app that makes reading raw xml easy. much easier than in a regular text editor, even with syntax highlighting. 	stone face fables note: the following comes without attribution from an acquaintance of my father’s. once upon a time there were people who lived in a valley near a mountain. on the mountain there appeared a large rock formation which resembled a face. you could almost see the nose and eyes and mouth. some people claimed that it was the face of a god and they claimed that if you looked closely you would see that for yourself and once you did you would be able to live a happy and comfortable life. 	bye bye pepper pad my week with the pepper pad is over, and the ups van just drove off with it, but i’ve still got a lot to report. my testing ran into problems when it turned out that the wifi network in the library was on the fritz. i did some netstumbling today and found that only two aps were broadcasting at anything close to full-power and all the others were whispering like they were gonna get shushed by an old-time librarian. 	who knew transit maps were copyrighted? the mta, the folks who run new york’s subways and busses and such, weren’t the only ones to smack a cease and desist down on ipod subway maps last week, but they’re the first to tell they can pay $ for the privilege of distributing those maps in an ipod-readable format — but only for non-commercial distribution. cluetrain moment: doesn’t the mta understand that services like this serve potential tourists like me? 	five days left to apply to be chivas life editor chivas, the folks who bring us chivas regal scotch whisky and virtual tours of the playboy mansion, is looking for a pair of ambassador editors for thisisthelife.com. the deal pays $ , to the lucky pair to tour the world making good press and pictures for the brand. you’ve got six more days to put together the three-minute application video, so get on it. thanks to gadling for the link. 	library-related geekery ryan beat me to reporting on the interesting new services at the ockham network (noted in this web lib post). the easiest one to grok is this spelling service, but there are others that are cooler. he also alerted me to a perl script to proxy z . to rss. though for those more into php (like me), i’d like to point out the yaz extension from the folks at index data. 	distracted by my shiny new camera the olympus c , one of the best digital cameras ever, can be had for under $ , refurbished, from some sellers on amazon. that’s about where the price/features ratio against the c i was excited about last week tips strongly in favor of the c . i might get into why i’m not excited about dslrs in a later post, but i won’t deny that price is part of it. still, i think even the most die-hard dslr aficionado will agree the c has a lot to love. 	open content alliance the news is that yahoo! announced they’ve formed the open content alliance. though that certainly fits the google versus yahoo! story that newsmen want to report on now, it’s somewhat disingenuous to the internet archive, which has been beating the open content drum for a while. but brewster kahle, the founder of the internet archive doesn’t seem to care. he was talking about it on the yahoo! search blog yesterday: 	mac wireless card compatibility in case you’re looking: metaphyzx’s mac os wireless adapter compatibility list. 	introducing bsuite_speedcache i wrote bsuite_speedcache to reduce the number of database queries i was executing per page load. by implementing it on some of the content in my sidebar, i dropped queries for each cache hit. that might not seem like much, but it should average about queries per minute that that my host server won’t need to process. now that i’m looking seriously at optimizing my queries, i’ve also cut the monthly archives links from the sidebar. 	meltdown sometime around pm friday the mysql server at my hosting provider took a walk. the hosting sysop blamed it on my site and disabled the database that serves it by making the directory the mysql files are in unreadable. mysql didn’t seem to handle that condition well, and since maisonbisson was still piling up queries looking for the content in the db, things continued to go downhill. my involvement started around pm friday night (yes, i’m that dorky). 	pepper links pepper computer buying a pepper pad at amazon pepper hacks victor rehorst has been blogging about his pepper since he got it (a few days ago) pepper pad stories at teleread other pepper pad stories here at maisonbisson 	open test sites i guess not everybody in nevada loves the test site as much as this postcard might suggest, but hey, what do tourists know? the image comes from _roberta‘s flickr photostream, and she doesn’t seem too critical. about miles southeast today, the trinity site — where the world’s first atomic weapon was detonated in a test on july , at : : a.m. — is open to the public. 	pepper pad — first impressions the pepper pad (available at amazon) has a very clean out of box experience. there’s nothing to assemble and no questions about what order to do things in. just open, unwrap, plug in, startup. i attempted running through the configuration in my office, but the wifi propagation is very weak there and pepper pad couldn’t catch a signal. the requirements listed on the box say only two things: “broadband” and “wifi,” so it’s no surprise that the configuration application requires wifi — or perhaps a bluetooth phone it can connect through? 	those crazy k-fee ads it turns out that k-fee, the company that pushes its energy drink with the scary tv ads, has a english-language website. it also turns out they’ve got the scary car ad and eight others online. here they are: angler car buddha golf beach meadow yoga soothing waves ocean path 	pepper pad — arrival the pepper pad‘s technical details — a lightweight linux powered device with an . -inch svga touchscreen, wi-fi auto-configuration, bluetooth device support, multi-gigabyte disk, full qwerty thumb-keypad, stereo speakers, and more — are already well reported. but i’ve been arguing that attention to such details runs counter to the purpose and intended use of the device. many computer users can name (and point to) the cpu in their computer, but who of those can tell me what cpu or chipset drives their cellphone? 	must read: ambient findability peter morville‘s ambient findability sold out at amazon today on the first day of release. there’s a reason: it’s good. morville’s work is the most appropriate follow-on to the usability concepts so well promoted by steven krug in his don’t make me think and jakob nielsen in designing web usability. findability, morville argues, is a necessary component in the success and propagation of an idea or detail or fact. business and non-profits alike will benefit from understanding the value of findability. 	mt. moosilauke will and i climbed moosilauke in early august, but it was only now that i got around to stitching the panorama. the view is considerably wider than degrees, composited from photos. the “full-size” version on flickr contains gigapixels of data. the real full-size version is a over gigapixels. 	bsuite_innerindex wordpress plugin [[pageindex]] about “blogging” typically connotes short-form writing that needs little internal structure, but that’s no reason to cramp your style. as people start to explore wordpress‘s pages feature, it seems likely that we’ll need a way to structure content within posts or pages sooner or later. that’s why i’m working on bsuite_innerindex. it’s a wordpress plugin that puts named anchors on all of the &lt;h &gt;, &lt;h &gt;, &lt;h*&gt;-tagged content, and builds a list of links to those anchors that can be inserted anywhere on the page. 	game law redux matt says my attempts to analogize online roleplaying games to more familiar contests like chess or automobile racing are “just silly.” but his response appears to reinforce my point rather than refute it. it is the responsibility of the gamers and gaming organizations to create and enforce rules. people violating those rules are subject to sanctions by the gaming organization first, but it’s hard to imagine how any contestant who follows the rules of a (legal) game can be subject to legal sanction. 	teachers get paid crap from alternet: teaching in america: the impossible dream. tagline: many public school teachers today must work two jobs to survive, and can’t afford to buy homes or raise families. why do we treat our teachers so poorly? 	open source gis here’s an interesting geoplace.com article on open source gis tools, including gis extensions to posgresql and mysql. via the map room. 	distracted by my shiny new camera my olympus c is hard to beat. steve’s digicams reviewed it well, and many friends with newer cameras find features or capabilities in it they miss on theirs. so, despite my schoolboy giddiness at the arrival of new gadgets, i’m waiting to be convinced that my new c will replace it. it too was well reviewed, and already i can see that it addresses some of my few complaints about the c , but transitions like this take time. 	bsuite_geocode plugin for wordpress i’m a big fan of the wp geo plugin, but i want more. my biggest complaint is that i want to insert coordinates using google maps or multimap urls, rather than insert them in the modified story editor. so i wrote a bit of code that reads through the urls in a post, finds the “maps.google” or “multimap.com” urls, fishes the latitude and longitude out of them, and adds some geocoding tags to the body of the post. 	home theater remote control i have a sort of guilt complex about looking at home theater issues. nonetheless, i’ve been building one piecemeal ever since i found an incredible deal on a video projector. now i’m working on assembling a video jukebox of sorts and i need to face the remote control stumbling block. that’s why i like the logitech harmony {# ,contentid= }, available at amazon. credit due: i got the tip from a post at engadget some time ago. 	helpful pages in the wordpress codex the following pages from the wordpress codex were surprisingly helpful recently: creating a static front page « wordpress codex creating tables with plugins « wordpress codex alphabetizing posts « wordpress codex 	the potential of political campaigning in online games matt and i have been talking about online role playing games lately. he’s more than interested in the new challenges they pose to our legal system, the new media opportunities they offer, the ways they’re altering culture. we got into a conversation about how companies are taking advantage of them in marketing campaigns, so i asked him, “in what presidential election year will we see the first in-game campaigning?” he seemed to think it might be as late as before that happened, but immediately embraced the concept. 	what’s zimbra? they say “zimbra is a community for building and maintaining next generation collaboration technology.” what i’d like to know, however, is whether zmbra is a community driven, social software answer to the problems of groupware — typically driven by management’s needs. 	a motivated team member is a productive team member i think this is dave. apparently they keep him in a cell at the server farm. 	doubletake stitches panoramic photos cheap i actually like the look of a broken panorama, where the borders of each photo are clearly visible — even emphasized. but last night i got the notion of doing a seamless pano and found doubletake, a $ shareware app that makes the process pretty darn easy. the sunrise shot above (larger sizes) was my first crack at it, but i was so sure i’d use it again (and again) that i’ve already registered it. 	ambient findability and the google economy i’m only just getting into peter morville‘s ambient findability, but i’m eating it up. in trying to prep the reader to understand his thesis — summed up on the front cover as “what we find changes who we become” — morville relates his difficulty in finding authoritative, non-marketing information about his daughter’s newly diagnosed peanut allergy: i can tell you from personal experience that google does not perform well when it comes to health. 	editing wordpress “pages” via xml-rpc wordpress‘s pages open the door to using wp as a content management system. unfortunately, pages can’t be edited via xml-rpc blogging apps like ecto. this might be a good thing, but i’m foolhardy enough to try working around it. here’s how: find a text editor you like and open up the wp-includes/functions-post.php file. in the wp_get_recent_posts() function, change this: $sql = “select * from $wpdb-&gt;posts where post_status in ('publish', 'draft', 'private') order by post_date desc $limit”; 	recycling tips from our physical plant along with the energy saving and water saving tips previously, our physical plant folks have sent out these recycling tips: recycling of aluminum cans — saves % of the energy required to make the same amount of aluminum from its virgin source. one ton of recycled aluminum saves , kwh of energy, barrels of oil, million btus of energy. one ton of recycled aluminum saves cubic yards of landfill space. 	suv sales slump earnings reports from car makers seemed to suggest suv sales were down last spring, and with gas prices near $ per gallon in some parts of the country still, nobody should be surprised that yahoo! is saying interest in suvs is down — way down — now: if the buzz is any indication, then yes. searches on “hybrids” outrank “suvs” by a tremendous margin, and it’s the same story with individual models. 	satellite broadband macsimum news did a story on satellite internet options a few weeks ago, but reader reports focused on fixed base station solutions for domestic use. what about mobile data solutions for international use? that’s where companies like outfitter satellite come in. they’ve got inmarsat solutions that can do kbps (or bonded to kbps) almost anywhere in the world. and, for customers in the mid-east or asia, they’ve got a kbps rbgan solution that seems to offer much better throughput at far lower prices. 	plan c: signed javascripts the mozilla docs on javascript security give a hint of hope that signed scripts will work around the cross-domain script exclusions that all good browsers enforce. but an item at devarticles.com throws water on the idea: signed scripts are primarily useful in an intranet environment; they’re not so useful on the web in general. to see why this is, consider that even though you can authenticate the origin of a signed script on the web, there’s still no reason to trust the creator. 	pc world pepper pad reviewer doesn’t get it david rothman pointed me to michael lasky’s pc world review of the pepper pad. lasky bangs on pepper, saying he can’t recommend it. too often, i think, technology reviewers approach a new product without understanding it. lasky tells us how the pepper performs when playing music or videos before comparing it to “notebook computers available for the same or a lower price.” we wouldn’t let an automotive reviewer conclude a review of a prius hybrid to a chevy truck by saying the truck is the better deal because it has a bigger engine for the same money, so why let technology reviewers off so easy? 	bstat japan! it looks like bstat has been localized for japan! with that in mind, i’d love to hear from international users about what i can do to make localization easier. there will be some big changes in the transition to bsuite, and it might be a good time to make sure i’m properly supporting wp‘s translation tables and localization features. 	plan b: remote scripting with iframes i have plans to apply ajax to our library catalog but i’m running into a problem where i can’t do xmlhttprequest events to servers other than the one i loaded the main webpage from. mozilla calls it the “same origin policy,” everyone else calls it a cross-domain script exclusion, or something like that. some mozilla folks are working on a standard to address the problem, but it could be quite a while before browser support is common enough to build for it. 	water saving tips our physical plant folks sent out this list of water saving tips to followup on the energy savings tips they sent previously. again, i think they should be blogging them, but what do i know? (it’s a rhetorical question, please don’t answer.) limit the use of domestic hot water — use cold water whenever it will do. turn off the water while you are brushing your teeth or washing your face. 	atlanta scene my friend troy keeps a studio at saltworks, a combined gallery and studio space in atlanta where prema murthy just opened her destructures show. i was in atlanta to see troy and family, so the opening was added sugar, and quite a pleasure. the image above comes from troy’s above and below series. 	next big thing: identity management i might be overstating it, but identity management is the next big thing for the open source community to tackle. that’s why i like sxip, even though i know so little about it. there are a number of other solutions stewing, but most of those that i’m aware of are targeted at academic and enterprise users. wouldn’t it be nice to have some federated system of identity management among blogs? 	linotype fontexplorer i was never a very good graphic designer, but the part of me that thought i was still pays attention when i see software like linotype’s free fontexplorer, described somewhere as “the itunes for fonts.” 	that’s excitement… “oooh… i want a number ten.” — a man stepping into line at the airport mcdonalds. the number ten meal, by the way, is a ten piece chicken mcnuggets meal. 	absinthe roderick sent me a link to this reason article on absinthe that claims: the u.s. food and drug administration considers true absinthe “adulterated” because of the wormwood. production, sale, and importation are banned, but mere possession is not, and customs agents typically ignore a bottle or two in your suitcase. it’s a legal situation that seems designed to keep absinthe cool.“ the wikipedia article on absinthe pretty much confirms that point, so who’s going to test it? 	improvised anti-telemarketing device the telecrapper is an improvised, homemade system that identifies telemarketing calls and leads the marketer through an artificial conversation that wastes the company’s time and money. the idea is to drive down productivity, and like so many other productivity sapping things, it can be quite funny. check this flash-animated recording: my hip hurts (mirror) rather less funny, though interesting nonetheless, is egbg’s counterscript. tc k hint via engadget. 	fixing position: fixed in ie it turns out the internet explorer doesn’t properly support css’s position: fixed. google led me to the following: how to create – making internet explorer use position: fixed; doxdesk.com: software: fixed.js fixed positioning for windows internet explorer the doxdesk solution looks promising and simple, but i think bugs elsewhere in my layout are preventing it from working. it’s time to start again from scratch. 	powerpoint. killer app? ruth marcus at the washington post wonders if powerpoint is a killing app. she’s not the first to note that nasa administrators make decisions — sometimes fatal decisions — on the basis of powerpoint presentations that mask or misrepresent details. i wrote about edward tufte’s cognitive style of powerpoint essay in a previous post. marcus doesn’t add to many new points, but the column is a sign that an anti-powerpoint movement may be growing. 	[fwd:] katrina eyewitness report (about the photo) the following report comes from cosmobaker.com, which includes this preamble: edit: the following is an email that was sent to my mother from one of her colleagues. although i cannot substantiate the contents, after all the horror stories that i’ve heard so far, i though that this one was important to tell. stand up and be counted. spread truth. stay awake. c —–original message—– 	wifi in public spaces a message came acrross the web lib list a few weeks ago with the following request: i want to hear from libraries who are currently implementing, or who already have implemented, wireless access for staff and/or patrons. i want your ‘stories’–good, bad and ugly. issues and/or triumphs with it staff, vendors, library staff, library boards, faculty committees, etc. i’m looking for all aspects of the process-finding hardware, implementation, policy (!), training staff, marketing the service to your patron base, troubleshooting and maintenance issues. 	search, findability, the google economy: how it shapes us just when i was beginning to feel a little on my own with my talk about the google economy here, i see two related new books are coming out. the first is peter morville’s ambient findability. the second is john battelle’s the search. findability appears to ask the big question that i’ve been pushing toward. from the description at amazon: are we truly at a critical point in our evolution where the quality of our digital networks will dictate how we behave as a species? 	trusted computing: the movie benjamin stephan and lutz vogel at lafkon bring us this wonderfully engaging animated story of trusted computing. there’s lots more to the story at againsttcpa.com, and i need to thank david rothman at teleread for alerting me to both the video and the site. i haven’t had much to say about tcpa, but i think of it like technology politics…politics where i have no say, no vote, no power. 	wide world of video games matt started talking up the weird issues developing around multiplayer online games a few weeks ago. then soon after he blogged it, a story appeared in on the media (listen, transcript) short story: online gaming is huge — one developer claims four million paying customers. more significantly, the interplay between real and virtual worlds might create new challenges for this real world legal system. “theft” of in-game money and equipment among players in the online world is possible, but it’s lead to the real-world arrest of at least one person and the murder of another when authorities refused to act. 	energy saving tips our physical plant folks sent out a message with tips on how to conserve energy. perhaps they oughtta blog this stuff? here it is: computer power management — a typical computer monitor uses to watts of electrical power, depending upon screen size. do not use screensavers as energy savers as they continue to use the monitor at full power and do not conserve energy. configure your monitor to turn off after minutes of inactivity, your hard drive to turn off after minutes of inactivity, and your desktop computer or laptop to go into a standby or sleep mode after minutes of inactivity. 	osceola weekend i climbed the osceolas with will and adam this weekend. it was my first overnight in a long, long time, and their first mountaintop sunrise. i used to do sunrises on mt. monadnock, but i’d lost the habit. more pictures of the osceola adventure at flickr. 	what counts will reminds us: “flasks are like people, it’s what’s on the inside that counts.” from the top of mt. osceola. 	the quotable john scott john scott reminds the naive: “don’t believe everything you find in google.” 	be a leader! manage your staff with ralph wiggum quotes! “i eated the purpleberries” (groaning). “how are they ralph…. good?” “they taste like…burning.” more goodness at the ralph wiggum soundboard, via informationnation. more quotes, like “oh boy, sleep! that’s where i’m a viking!,” at thedotdotdot. 	if i close my eyes, does it go away? can bush censor his shame away? reuters: fema accused of censorship: “it’s impossible for me to imagine how you report a story whose subject is death without allowing the public to see images of the subject of the story,” said larry siems of the pen american center, an authors’ group that defends free expression. brian williams’ msnbc nightly news blog: while we were attempting to take pictures of the national guard (a unit from oklahoma) taking up positions outside a brooks brothers on the edge of the quarter, the sergeant ordered us to the other side of the boulevard. 	axe gang security bumbles again we laugh at the single minded foolishness of the axe gang in kung fu hustle jackie chan’s the legend of drunken master, but do we laugh when we see it in our own security policies? to intelligence staffers and border guards working under a policy of hammers, all the world is a nail. here’s an example: in august , us customs agents stopped and searched ahmad el maati, a kuwaiti-born canadian and a truck driver crossing the us-canadian border at buffalo, ny. 	marketing and search engine optimization i don’t want to admit to being interested in marketing, but i am. here’s a few links… blogs: church of the customer seth godin aaron wall’s seo book.com threadwatch.org randomness: writing, briefly google’s search result quality evaluation guidelines definition of the google economy at wikipedia the fall of advertising and the rise of pr 	simple bookmarklet demo bookmarklets are interesting little bits of javascript stored as bookmarks. they’ve been around since about (earlier?), but i’ve never bothered to write one. here are a few examples: this sort of creates a bookmark alexa snapshot wayback 	la femme’s poison browsing flickr the other day i found la_femme‘s poison. other good photos in her photostream. 	energy crisis mike whelan posted the above photo to his flickr photostream recently. back in april, when gas prices were still well below the $ -per-gallon mark, it looked like sales of suvs were starting to slow. interestingly, we’ve crossed the threshold keith bradsher quotes in high and mighty, his book detailing how the us auto industry became so dependent on suvs and how common sense has been powerless against them. the threshold was the point at which gas prices would begin having the same effect on current car purchases as the s oil crisis did. 	doing relevance ranked full-text searches in mysql i’m going out on a limb to say mysql’s full-text indexing and searching features are underused. they appeared in mysql . . (most people are using .x, and is in development), but it’s been news to most of the people i know. here’s the deal, the match() function can search a full-text index for a string of text (one or more words) and return relevance-ranked results. it’s at the core of the list of related links at the bottom of every post here. 	la tomatina from a reuters story in chinadaily: at noon [wednesday], municipal trucks dumped about tons of ripe, juicy plum tomatoes at the feet of adrenaline-charged crowds in town’s main square. within minutes the area was covered in red slime, and clouds of tomato sauce filled the air. it all takes place in buñol, in spain’s valencia region along the mediterranean coast. canada.com{#db d - e- fa -a b -be ad } describes the origins: local lore says it began in the mid- s with a food battle that broke out between youngsters near a vegetable stand on the town square in buñol, kilometres southeast of madrid. 	 signals tells google a thing or two signals takes on google and suggests some improvements. 	ucla takes on google scholar via jay bhatt at lisnews: ucla libraries‘ discussion of google scholar, search engines, databases, and the research process. 	time-picayune in exile times-picayune editor jim amoss answered questions for on the media‘s brooke gladstone. amoss and his staff have been covering the catastrophe in new orleans as only locals can. some of the best reporting i’ve seen on this has come from the times-picayune, and i was quite amazed when i discovered the electronic edition wednesday. despite the damage, they appear to have start releasing a print version again and are distributing it in the city and in communities where refugees have fled. 	sneaky is there a sneaky surprise hidden in your hotel room? see if you can recognize anything in these photos (tip: mouse-over them). 	back to school video kate says: “life is good. and i’ve got a sleeping bag from the future.” tim explains, a bit. none of that matters nearly as much as the video kate is quoting from, and that matters now because back to school time means play dates and sleepovers. tim guarantees it will kill a few braincells, but nothing ridicules us the way we once were (and often still are) better than saturday night live. 	things go to hell defensetech’s noah shachtman writes: organizing thousands and thousands of people, in hellish conditions and in a hurry, is tough work. let’s take that as a given. but still: we’re now a work week into a natural disaster that had been forecast for years, and new orleans “is being run by thugs,” the city’s emergency preparedness director tells the times. “some people there have not eaten or drunk water for three or four days, which is inexcusable. 	rollerblading via pya{# }. 	policing by cellphone though we imagine the dutch to be a rather unexcitable lot, i did anyway, it turns out they have a history of getting rowdy at football games (yes, if this all happened back in the states i be calling it “soccer”). so it can’t be so much of a surprise that fans rioted again in april. what is surprising is that mobile phone companies got involved in the investigation. this ap report tells the story: 	the water down there i don’t watch tv, so i haven’t seen many images of the flooding in new orleans until i found these. amazingly, the times picayune is publishing pdf editions during disaster. the hurricane and flood damage are truly scary, but the worst news is on page five, which tells of widespread looting: law enforcement efforts to contain the emergency left by katrina slipped into chaos in parts of new orleans tuesday. 	the google economy will beat you with a stick call it a law, or dictum, or just a big stick, but it goes like this: the value and influence of an idea or piece of information is limited by the extent that the information provider has embraced the google economy; unavailable or unfindable information buried on the second or tenth page of search results might as well be hidden in a cave. 	the ultraviolet sun from the nasa website: eit (extreme ultraviolet imaging telescope) images the solar atmosphere at several wavelengths, and therefore, shows solar material at different temperatures. in the images taken at angstroms the bright material is at , to , degrees kelvin. in those taken at , at million degrees. angstrom images correspond to about . million kelvin. angstrom, to million degrees. the hotter the temperature, the higher you look in the solar atmosphere. 	enabling .htaccess on mac os x i do a lot of web development on my laptop. i’ve got apache and php there, so it’s really convenient, but i usually move projects off to other server before i get around to wanting to mess with mod_rewrite. not so, recently, but i ran into a big stumbling block when i discovered os x’s apache comes pre-configured to ignore .htaccess files. a couple points. first, apache’s own mod_rewrite docs include the following quote: 	coconut battery coconutbattery: coconutbattery is a tool that reads out the data of your notebook-battery (ibook/powerbook). it shows the current charge of your battery as well as the current maximum capacity related to its original. via o’grady’s powerpage{# } 	awstats as much as i like the bstat functionality of bsuite, i never intended it to be a replacement for a full server log-based stats application. that’s why i’m happy my hosting provider offers awstats. the reports suggested ways to optimize my pages so that i could control my bandwidth consumption — up to . gb/day before optimization, now . gb/day. but today i found an awstat feature that got me excited enough to email the university sysadmin about it: email stats. 	the google economy — the wikipedia entry i’m rather passionate about the google economy, so it shouldn’t be too much of a surprise to learn that i just wrote about it in my first ever wikipedia entry. here it is: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/google_economy “google economy” identifies the concept that the value of a resource can be determined by the way that resource is linked to other resources. it is more complex than search ranking, and broader than interlinked web pages, though it draws meaning from both. 	bsuite development bstat has become bsuite. the name change reflects the fact that i want the plugin to do a lot more than track usage stats. one of the first features to enter testing here is the “related” section below. i’m calling it “bsuggestive,” but that may turn out to be too cute a name to tolerate for long. the results are based on the tags for the post, so it doesn’t work with old posts that haven’t been tagged, and it sometimes returns some weird matches, but it’s still alpha, so what can we ask for. 	beloit college’s list of things that make us look old to incoming students we’ve seen lists like this before. beloit college in beloit wisconsin releases their “mindeset list” for their incoming class every year around now. the point is to remind us how cultural touchstones change over time. it does that, but it also give us (me, anyway) a good chuckle. it’s worth reading all the way down to number , at least, where libraries get a good mention. 	video bulb and zakka shop nyc the video bulb is a “lipstick-sized tube” that plugs in to your tv’s rca jack and plays bitman videos. gadgetmadness explains what bitman is: bitman is the creation of japanese art performer “meiwa denki” and was an -bit electronic stick figure who would dance, pose, etc. the videobulb sounds interesting enough, but i think i could get into the reseller as much as the gadgetmadness writer did: i went to zakka shop &amp; space the last time i was in nyc, and literally wanted everything in the store. 	changing modes of communication i talk a lot about the google economy here, and how that and other ideas are driving changing modes of communication. today i learned of arxiv. henry farrell describes it at crookedtimber: [i]t’s effectively replaced journal publication as the primary means for physicists to communicate with each other. journal publication is still important – but as an imprimatur, a proof of quality, rather than a way to disseminate findings to a wider audience. 	wordpress as cms a friend and i have been talking about what it would take to turn wordpress into a cms. we both have our doubts, but today i found this job ad that suggests we’re not alone in at least thinking of the possibility. needed: web designer/programmer for our sites we’re growing very fast, and have outgrown our current cms and design. we’re looking for a designer and/or programmer to redesign our rapidly growing network and implement a cms that ties it all together. 	kingcosmonaut & wp themes i stumbled across the sometimes funny how to live your life and got curious about the theme. turns out it’s by sebastian schmieg, who keeps things real at kingcosmonaut. the theme is blix, but the kingcosmonaut site is much cooler. 	flock the developers describe flock as [t]he world’s most innovative social browsing experience. we call it the two-way web. which is a good enough sales pitch to make me try the free demo, but it’s all still a private beta. perhaps they’re trying to prove the point that nothing builds buzz better than unavailability. osakasteve gushes: a browser that is designed around social software like blogs and flickr 	itunes music store api? i can’t explain why, at least not yet, but i’m looking for a way to search the itunes music store{#xffsogqwv s&amp;offerid= . &amp;type= &amp;subid= } catalog outside of itunes. rumors of an itunes-google partnership{# } have been flying lately, but what i really want is a webservice/api i can use. yes, apple offers an affiliate program that supports direct links, but again, they don’t offer an amazon-style api to search their catalog. all of this has me thinking about reverse-engineering the itms to build the webservice i’m looking for. 	a list apart updated a list apart, has been revamped and they’re proud of it. they should be, it’s beautiful and functional. it’s one of the few early web development resources that’s still with us, and there’s a reason. 	copyright and academic libraries back when i was looking things up for my digital preservation and copyright story i found a bunch of info the university of texas system had gathered on issues related to copyright, libraries, and education. in among the pages on copying copyrighted works, a/v reserves, and electronic reserves i found a document titled: educational fair use guidelines for digital images. it’s some interesting stuff — if you get excited about copyright law. 	re-shelving orwell’s via jon gordon‘s future tense: re-shelving george orwell. smart people everywhere are taking it upon themselves to re-shelve george orwell’s from fiction to more appropriate sections in non-fiction, like “current events”, “politics”, “history”, “true crime”, or “new non-fiction.” instructions and photos on flickr. 	laura quilter defends google print with all the talk about google scanning or not scanning copyrighted books, i was happy to see laura quilter talking about google as a library. the internet archive is certainly a library. […] libraries may be private, semi-private, public; for- or not-for-profit; paper or digital. why is google not a library? more interestingly, she casts a critical eye on the texaco decision that everybody points to as the guiding law on fair use. 	wikipedia api? i want wikipedia to have an api, but it doesn’t. some web searching turned up gina trapani’s wikipedizetext, but that still wasn’t exactly what i wanted. a note in the source code, however, put me back on the trail to the wikipedia database downloads, and while that’s not what i want, i did learn that they’ve got a table of just the article titles (over . million of them) in their downloads. 	drug side effects drive patients to gamble, eat, drink, and … …people with parkinson’s disease temporarily became compulsive gamblers after taking […] drugs designed to control movement problems caused by the illness… that’s the lead in this forbes story on the matter, and that’s not all. a variety of ‘interesting’ side effects popped up among a relatively small number of study participants: pathological gambling compulsive eating increased alcohol consumption obsession with sex. the drugs in question are “dopamine agonists” and are part of the standard treatment of parkinson’s disease. 	segway easy rider movie trailer remember those guys who rode a segway cross-country last year? well, they’ve got a movie coming out. yup, there’s even a trailer. possibly more interesting: the photo gallery (from which the photo above came). thanks to engadget for the link. 	steelers fan never misses a game day in remembering james henry smith, a zealous pittsburgh steelers fan who died of prostate cancer in early july, his family asked the samuel e. coston funeral home to do things “as he would have wanted them to be.” for the viewing, the funeral home arranged a living room ensemble with the tv and recliner just as smith liked it on game day. an ap article describes it: smith’s body was on the recliner, his feet crossed and a remote in his hand. 	alt browser shiira project, an apple webkit-based browser with some interesting features. sadly, it also brings page transitions to the mac. let’s hope these don’t become the new . 	chasing clicks al asked how low i will go to chase traffic. truth is, i can’t answer. maisonbisson has had moments of popularity, but it’s hard to know why. alexa tells us there are million unique sites on the web, but… if you take alexa’s top , sites you’ll find that almost out every clicks are spoken for. in other words, almost % of all the traffic on the web goes to the sites in the top k list, leaving the remaining million or so sites to fight over the scraps. 	neutron bomb boing boing has an exclusive profile of neutron bomb inventor samuel t. cohen by charles platt. all the reports so far are that it’s a , word “must read.” the article, profits of fear, is available in pdf, plain text, and palm doc versions at boing boing. thanks to david rothman for the heads up. extra: rothman asks what it all says about mainstream media when respected authors eschew traditional media for blogs. 	another limitation of lc classification right up front in the prologue of ruth wajnryb’s expletive deleted she quotes the following from richard dooling on the difficulty in researching “bad language”: the library of congress classification system does not provide a selection of books … on swearing or dirty words. a researcher … must travel to the bf of psychoanalysis, the pe of slang, the gt of anthropology, the p of literature and literary theory, the n of art, the rc of medical psychiatry, and back to the b of religion and philosphy. 	network effects on violence some time ago i pointed to john robb’s discussion of the potential for the network to amplify the threat of violence from otherwise un-connected and un-organized individuals. now noah shachtman at defensetech is writing about “open source insurgents.” it used to be that a small group of ideological-driven guerilla leaders would spread information, tactics, training, and cash to their followers. no more. internet-enabled insurgents with only the loosest of real-world connections can now share all of that freely online. 	grizzly man david edelstein’s review of werner herzog’s documentary, grizzly man, describes timothy treadwell as …a manic but lovable whack-job who doggedly filmed and obsessively idealized the bears that would ultimately eat him… the film is made up largely of the bits of the hundreds of hours of video that treadwell himself shot during his years with the bears. later, however, edelstein — probably restraining laughter — calls treadwell “histrionic” and a “drama-queen” (isn’t that sort of redundant? 	php developer resources somebody asked for some links to get started with php. of course i lead them to the php.net official site, where the documentation is some of the best i’ve seen for any product. i also suggested phpdeveloper.org and phpfreaks.com, though the truth is i usually google any questions i have that the official docs don’t answer. still, i’ve found some good info at both of those. finally, the php cheat sheet at ilovejackdaniels. 	drm = customer lock-in donna wentworth is now saying what i’ve been saying for over a year now. digital rights management (drm) isn’t about preventing copyright violations by ne’er-do-wells, it’s about eliminating legal me me fair use and locking in customers. in your pc == a toaster, wentworth quotes don marti saying: isn’t it time to drop the polite fiction that msft and other incumbent it and ce [ce = consumer electronics — casey] vendors are only doing drm because of big, bad hollywood? 	digital preservation and copyright we’re struggling with the question of what to do with our collection of vinyl recordings. they’re deteriorating, and we’re finding it increasingly difficult to keep the playback equipment in working order — the record needles seem to disappear. we’re re-purchased much of our collection on cd, but some items — this one might be one of them — are impossible to find on cd. so we’re considering digital preservation, capturing the audio of the records and scanning the dust jackets. 	the part where speakeasy cons me into shilling for them the speakeasy speed test is an okay way to waste some time, but the most amusing thing is how easy they make it to promote them. the speakeasy badge here looks like any web ad, but they’re not paying for it. all they did was post a link saying add speakeasy speed test to your site. i guess we all ought to take this marketing tip from them: make sure your readers know how to link to you. 	maisonbisson top seven the most recent version of my wordpress stats tracking plugin makes it very easy to see and track my top stories. i don’t know whether i should be proud or ashamed by them, but here they are: big bear photos that story gets a lot of morbid interest, and i’m sure the movie grizzly man will too. k-fee energy drink tv ad for a while, though, people looking for that story were finding my zygo energy vodka story instead. 	atomic while looking for a picture for my memorial to the bomb, i found a number of related links. this blog is sometimes nothing more than an annotated bookmark list, and this is why…. the bomb project describes itself as: a comprehensive on-line compendium of nuclear-related links, imagery and documentation. it is intended specifically as a resource for artists, and encourages those working in all media, from net.art, film and video, eco-intervention and site-specific installation to more traditional forms of agitprop, to use this site to search for raw material. 	linking bias danah boyd posted about the biases of links over at many many the other day. she looked for patterns in a random set of blogs tracked by technorati as well as the top blogs tracked by technorati. she found patterns in who keeps blogrolls and who is in them, as well as patterns about how bloggers link in context and who they link to. the patterns boyd points to would certainly effect the google economy, our way of creating and identifying value based on linking structures. 	annoises via gizmodo: a cd of annoying sounds at gadgets.co.uk. twenty “ear splitting” sound effects and a pair of earplugs “for your sanity and protection” for £ . . what sound effects? drill party (at least people) orgasm (outstanding) train drum (played by a child) inhuman screams walking (high heels) domestic squabble doors banging bowling unhappy dog practicing a violin traffic jam garbage truck a screaming newborn baby phone ringing ball game pigeons spring house cleaning cock-a-doodle-do! 	grizzly man within the last wild lands of north america dwells an animal that inspires respect and fear around the world. it is the grizzly bear, a living legend of the wilderness. grizzlies can sprint thirty five plus miles an hour, smell carrion at nine or more miles, and drag a thousand-pund animal up steep mountains. the grizzly bear is one of a very few animals remaining on earth that can kill a human in physical combat. 	point ‘n shoot defensetech reported on the firefly, a disposable camera that can be shot from the m grenade launchers used by us land forces. the cameras fly meters in eight seconds, wirelessly sending pictures back to the soldier’s pda. now they’ll know what’s over that hill or around that corner. not that soldiers don’t need this sort of thing, but one wonders when hasbro will release a plastic version in bright colors. 	movie night: open water joe recommended open water whole heartedly, but others, like some of these one-star reviewers at amazon, had equally strong reactions against it. i first learned of the events the movie is based on in bill bryson’s in a sunburned country, where he described the events of thomas and eileen lonergan’s disappearance during a dive in the australian pacific. the similarity between these true events and the movie’s events likely ends there. 	jimmy wales’ free culture manifesto jimmy wales, the founder of wikipedia and director of the wikimedia foundation, is working on his keynote for the wikimania conference in frankfurt. ross mayfield at many many posted a preview and gives some background. what should we expect? wales’ speech touches on ten things necessary for free culture: free the encyclopedia! free the dictionary! free the curriculum! free the music! free the art! free the file formats! free the maps! 	 years later in what was to be the final act of world war ii in the pacific, the united states made the first and only use of nuclear power as a weapon in the bombing of hiroshima and nagasaki on august th and th (us dates), . george weller of the chicago daily news snuck in to nagasaki in early september and became the first american journalist to see the destruction. his stories were censored, and official sources maintained control of news about the bombings and the aftermath for many years. 	reminisce: my first ebook the first ebook i ever read was bruce sterling’s hacker crackdown on my newton message pad . it had a big and bright screen — “the best screen for reading ebooks on the (non-)market” says dj vollkasko — but it could get a bit little heavy at times. crackdown is available for free, along with perhaps , others, at matthew mcclintock’s manybooks.net. downloads are available in different formats, or you can read online. 	information is sexy it used to be you could identify the librarian by the sensible shoes, but times they are a changing. witness this ad from library bar. sure their “librarians” are bartenders, but what cultural shift changed to thrust librarians up the sex appeal scale? yeah, this is old. after all, it was the spring of bust magazine that asked if librarians might be the new “it” girls, but it’s still amusing. 	drm: bad for customers, bad for publishers the news came out last week that the biggest music consumers — the ones throwing down cash for music — are also the biggest music sharers. alan wexblat at copyfight says simply: “those who share, care” (bbc link via teleread). rather than taking legal action against downloaders, the music industry needs to entice them to use legal alternatives, the report said. lawsuits against customers go hand in hand with drm in limiting community buzz for a particular artist or song. 	gizmos for geeks colin pointed out spark fun electronics as a source for all manner of geeky components, like component level gpss and accelerometers. thing is, they also sell the components in kits with custom pc boards, some with usb interfaces. 	the coming information age that headline might seem a little late among the folks reading this. but we’re all geeks, and if not geeks, then at least regular computer users. regular computer users, however, are a minority. worldwide, only around million people have internet access, and fewer than million people in the us have internet access at home. with populations of over billion and million respectively, there’s clearly a lot of growth potential. 	faces i stumbled upon captnkurt’s information nation where he popped a link over to eric myer’s stereotypes. the gimic — and it’s a fun one — is that you can mix and match bits of faces. i don’t know why i like the combo above so much, but, anyway. the thing about this is that it reminds me of troy bennett’s human-intoface, reported here back in and . separately, i need to go back and take another look at captnkurt’s story about couchsurfing. 	nokia i’ve been babbling like a stoolie for pepper here for the past couple weeks, but after some prodding by roger sperberg i’ve started to take a serious look at the nokia linux-based internet tablet. to get me started is mike cane’s hands on report from some time spent with it at linuxworld expo. nokia is pushing maemo.org to support the developer/hacker community, and there’s already some interesting work being done. 	more bluetooth hacks as if bluejacking wasn’t fun enough, now a few folks have now taken it a little further and figured out how to connect to the growing number of bluetooth handsfree sets all around us. gizmodo fed me the link to what they’re calling “the car whisperer.” nothing against these guys, but it’s not like they did anything amazingly complex. their story explains that they’re simply taking advantage of poor security like default passwords. 	movie night: house of flying daggers i’ve been a fan of zhang yimou’s films since, well, for a while now. but i’m also a huge kung fu fan — jackie chan especially — so house of flying daggers was quite a treat. it’s not that i didn’t like hero, or that daggers was particularly funny. to the contrary, it’s tale of complex characters who don’t end well. that might be story enough, but every scene is richly photographed and styled — a hallmark of so many of yimou’s films, but wonderfully so in daggers. 	sweet cheat sheets colin over at command-tab alerted me to some great cheat sheets, including this one for javascript at ilovejackdaniels.com.     	apple releases multi-button mouse apple this morning released the mighty mouse. with a scrollball, left and right click, and side buttons, it’s a big departure from apple’s old opposition to multi-button mice. apple didn’t invent the mouse, but they were probably the first to put mice through usability testing. one, two, and three button mice of a great many different shapes and sizes were tested before they settled on a one-button mouse for the original macintosh in . 	hands on the pepper pad the most amazing thing about the pepper pad is how easy it is to pick up and use, how easy it is to walk around with, and how it’s available when you want it and gone when you don’t. the pepper pad‘s portability goes far beyond that of laptops. i mentioned previously that laptops move from desk to desk and bill gates tells us how poorly laptops work in elevators. 	netflix expands queues this is old news, but netflix{#xffsogqwv s&amp;offerid= . &amp;type= &amp;subid= } now offers multiple queues for each account. queues, of course, are the movie wish lists each netflix customer keeps; when you return a movie, they send out the next movie in your queue. in the old days, each subscriber got just one queue, no matter how many members of the household had an interest in the movies. two people, one queue? marital drama ensued in my home and others. 	movie night: the underneath steven soderbergh has done a number of good films, but the underneath isn’t among them. it’s interesting to see the director working out his moves, but more entertaining to see them in a more mature form, as in out of site. eh, i’m ready to give the guy a break. my real complaint has nothing to with this film. instead, it’s about kafka, one of his best works. it was released in , and though they’ve still got a few vhs copies in a warehouse somewhere, it deserves a dvd release 	space shuttle tracking (and other good uses of the google maps api) tom mangan has put the google maps api to interesting use with his space shuttle tracking page. also worth checking out: his blackbird spotting site and tlable, a little extension to make pinning/annotating maps even better. 	politics and the google economy while i’m anxiously working to better fit libraries into the google economy, a few paragraphs of barry glassner’s the culture of fear, got me thinking about its role in politics. glassner was telling of how a article in usa today quoted the national assocation of scholars{# } saying that georgetown university had dumbed down its curriculum and dropped shakespeare{# } requirements. of course, nothing could have been farther from the truth, a point confirmed by the georgetown’s dean. 	japanoid k-cars gizmodo reported it a while ago, but a canadian company called japanoid is importing these and other tiny japanese cars. how tiny? at or under . meters (under feet!) wide with engines cc or under. they’re called kei jidousha, or keicars, or just k-cars (though not to be confused with chrysler’s k-cars). japanoid has vehicles listed, but my favorites are those four above and this funny looking truck. 	movie night: entropy phil joanou’s entropy isn’t available in the us on dvd, but i found it at amazon uk. imdb has this to say: stephen dorff narrates this tale about how his life goes astray as his character attempts to strike a balance between the demands of directing his first film and the pressures of his new romance with a model. u ’s bono plays a role in this film as both himself and dorff’s character’s concience. 	the problem with pdas today when i finally get around to writing up my impressions of the pepper pad, i’ll be pointing to roger sperberg’s recent posts at teleread about non-pda handhelds and computers for stand up use. at the moment, however, some of his points remind my of a few i’ve got to make about pdas here. i’ve got a sony clie th- , the top of the line of the last series they imported to north american shores. 	gizmo project, voip, asterisk jason o’grady{# } introduced me to the skype-like gizmo project by the folks over at sipphone. i’ve been a vonage customer for a couple years now, so i’ve had a chance to get familiar with voip, and i’m looking for a good bluetooth headset so i can try gizmo and skype (and others), but i got to wondering what more i could do. asterisk is an open source pbx application that runs on linux, macos x, and others. 	marriage alternet has a story by monica mehta titled the myth of marriage with this synopsis: a radical new book debunks the concept of marriage as a time-honored institution, and argues that we need to loosen up about it. the book is stephanie coontz’s marriage, a history. related previous story: the “sanctity” of marriage. 	put a pepper in your library libraries are known for books. and despite the constant march of technology, despite the fact that we can put a bazillion songs in our pocket, despite the availability of the new york times and so many other newspapers and thousands of journals online, books are a big part of what libraries are. books, dead tree books with that rotting paper smell. and though i dare not prognosticate, i expect they’ll be an emblematic feature of libraries for a while now. 	elements of murder john emsley, author of elements of murder: a history of poisons appeared in an interview on npr’s fresh air’{# } earlier today. those who were fascinated by the morbid details of devil in the white city should give it a listen. i plan on checking out the book too, though it sounds like emsley offers more chemical formulae than outright suspense. 	ils: inventory or search and retrieval system? there’s an interesting discussion going at libdev about what our ilss are. it all started with a discussion of what role xml and webservices could/should play with ils/catalogs, but a comment reminded us that vendor’s decisions about adding new features to products that have been around for or years sometimes edge towards lock-in. i replied offering flickr as an example of a vendor that’s been successful in part because of their open apis. 	nuclear family vacation via defense tech: slate did a series last week titled a nuclear family vacation that visited the nevada test site; los alamos, lawrence livermore, and sandia national labs; and trinity. extra: a slideshow accompanies the text and the authors interviewed{# } on npr’s day to day{# }. related: previous nuclear stories at maisonbisson. 	karl rove’s leak-and-covergate two items from the blogosphere about rove’s leak-and-covergate at tikun olam and alternet. 	life magazine covers i get a kick out of these and life magazine covers. take a look and i think you’ll agree that no magazine puts photos like this on their covers today. 	screen real estate at x pixels, apple’s cinema hd display{#xffsogqwv s&amp;offerid= . &amp;type= &amp;subid= } is big enough for three people’s egos. 	xml/php/swf charts flash app dynamically generates charts based on xml formated data or values in a php array. xml/swf charts is a simple, yet powerful tool to create attractive web charts and graphs from dynamic xml data. create an xml source to describe a chart, then pass it to this tool’s flash file to generate the chart. the same tool also accepts php sources. xml/swf charts makes the best of both the xml and swf worlds. 	pepper i’m off visiting the good folks at pepper today. i’ll update this post with photos as soon as they’re available, then look for a pair of posts about how the hardware/software works and what i’d like to do with it later. until then, here are some related posts: ultra portable computing, pepper pad , and portable computing. update: the picture above is blurry because of my poor photography skills. better pictures can be found at the pepper site. 	tags tags tags david weinberger at many-to-many pointed me to tom coates’ post about different schools of thought regarding tags. coates has been thinking about tags as keywords, annotations. thats how i’ve been using and thinking about tags too, but some people have different ideas. …at the end of the argument i said to joshua that it was almost like he was treating tags as folders. and he replied, exasperated, that this was exactly what they were. 	what’s a mirt? mirts turn red lights green, but merely having one will probably get you in a pile of trouble. more info at i-hacked.com{# }. 	peerflix ross rubin at engadget just alerted me to peerflix …which can be described on a basic level as ebay meets netflix. peerflix resembles many online dvd stores, but it neither rents nor sells dvds. rather, it depends on a community of users willing to trade dvds they have for dvds they want. there are no subscription fees. peerflix charges a -cent transaction fee and senders are responsible for the postage charge of cents for the mailers that the company distributes. 	john barlycorn must die in a popular antebellum arkansas story, a backwoodsman bought a -gallon barrel of whiskey, only to return a week later for another. “surely you haven’t drank that whiskey already?” inquired the astonished merchant. “it ain’t so much,” replied the backwoodsman. “there are six of us, counting the kids, and we have no cow.” it’s not quite as detailed as some of the stories in the foxfire books, but it’s a good treat. 	the failures of permission culture donna wentworth, over at copyfight pointed out a jd lasica piece detailing the responses from seven studios to his requests to use short ( - seconds) clips of their films in a non-commercial project he was working on with his child. …four of the studios refused outright, two refused to respond, and the seventh wobbled. this is the quandary millions of us face today: the hollywood studios demand that we ask for permission to borrow from their works — and then they deny our requests as a matter of course. 	google moon rocks google engineers have got the moon on their minds lately. we all got a laugh at their april fools day lunar hosting and research center job opening, but they’ve done themselves one better and several points more serious with google moon. sure, it’s in celebration of the first lunar landing years ago today, but if they’re so fixated on the moon, why not sponsor a space competition? 	google maps gets all the attention it would reasonably appear that here in the us, there’s only one map site: good ol’ google. but until google adds maps for countries other than the us, canada, and uk, the rest of the world will have to look elsewhere. enter the uk competitor: multimap.com has been serving the world outside the bubble since . from their self description: key features include street-level maps of the united kingdom, europe, and the us; road maps of the world; door-to-door travel directions; aerial photographs; and local information. 	jenny’s drm scourge jenny levine, over at the shifted librarian, is telling the latest chapter in her long-running struggle with drm. now, i’ve installed a lot of windows software in my day, so i feel pretty confident in my ability to double-click on an installation file. however, when i try to install [yahoo music engine], i get three screens into the installer (oh the joy of accepting the license agreement over and over) before i get an error message that says, “the file c:\downloads\ could not be opened. 	bstat beta release [[pageindex]]update: shout outs to zach, cliff, justin, and thomas who’ve submitted bug reports. their feedback has been rolled in to the b july release, available now (look for the link below). this is likely the last release before the code gets bundled into bsuite (more details on that later). changes this documentation supersedes any previous documentation. more changes to the bstat_pulse() function; bstat_pulse_style() is no longer used. it’s been replaced by a flag in the call. see the usage example to understand. want to customize the style? start with that example, look at the xhtml it outputs, work from there. update thanks to zach, these parameters are all optional. you can call it with nothing more than “bstat_pulse()”, if that’s your thing. still, i’d recommend using the full example below. there are a lot of improvements to the management console. the number of lines to display for each category and the date range (past day, week, month, etc.) are now configurable. quick start installation download and unzip bstat.zip   place bstat.php in you wp-content/plugins directory   place spacer.gif in your wp-content directory   log in to your wordpress admin panel and activate the plugin, then visit the new bstat submenu of the options tab. this will allow bstat to create its database tables.   add the bstat_hitit function to the footer.php of your theme (or in some other place where it will be called once for each page load). this starts the counting; you can see the results in the bstat submenu of the manage tab of the wordpress admin panel. in order to view the bstat results on your public pages, you’ll need to the bstat display functions to your pages. 	it’s funny ‘cause it’s true first lady laura bush speaking at the white house correspondents association gala noted: george’s answer to any problem at the ranch is to cut it down with a chain saw. which, i think, is why he and cheney and rumsfeld get along so well. the quote is all over the net now, but i found it in the august issue of vanity fair. 	australia’s rum jungle alan moorhead, in his rum jungle — a sort of casual ethnography or serious travelogue — explains the uses and attitudes towards alcohol in his native australia: […] i took it for granted that for all social occasions, at any time of the day or night, beer was the drink. you did not take it with your meals, but before or afterwards and in considerable quantities. beer was the solace of life and the white man’s true vision of bliss. 	full-text searching inside books search engine watch did a story about how to use google and amazon’s tools to search full-text content inside books. the gist? when you can get to the tools and where they’ve got content, it does a lot to make books as accessible and open as electronic content. sort of related: i’ve spoken of google print before and there’s more in the libraries and networked information category. 	organizational/institutional blogging done right jenny levine is talking about an example of the perfect library blog over at the shifted librarian. the posts are written in the first person and in a conversational tone, with the author’s first name to help stress the people in the library. the staff isn’t afraid to note problems with the new catalog, the web site, or anything else. full transparency — nice. you can feel the level of trust building online. 	hackable snackable gumstix the make: podcast pointed me to gumstix — really small computers built for hacking. cool. 	google hacks from o’grady’s powerpage{# }: i have no interest in true hacking (i.e. rummaging through people’s private junk) although viewing random unprotected ip cameras around the world in public places and controlling their panning and zoom functions is kind of mind-blowing. there are a ton of fun ghacks out there – like spelling out words in pictures using google image search, and the google poetry generator, or the news map generator etc. 	skyhook wifi geolocation old news from gizmodo and wi-fi networking news (quoting wifi nn): skyhook has assembled a database of information about . million access points across major cities in the u.s. by driving every street in every city. their software records multiple data points per sample for directionality. fire up their software on a laptop, and it compares the wi-fi information it sees with what’s in the skyhook database, popping out a latitude and longitude within to meters. 	coolest watch ever, today anyway the nixon rotolog{# &amp;menu_id= }. 	ike dwight eisenhower’s eight years as president were about a lot more than i like ike buttons and interstate highways. from wikipedia: after his many wartime successes, general eisenhower returned to the united states a great hero. it would not be long before many supporters were pressuring him to run for public office. eisenhower was generally considered a political moderate, and it was not immediately clear which party he would choose to join. 	jet turbine powered toyota mr on ebay yup, it’s up on ebay now (closing in a day or so) with the following description: everybody needs one of these, cleaning out the garage, this little car is so much fun, it is thrust powered by ge t- turbines, has fuel tanks, power steering, power brakes, fire detection, fire suppression, roll over protection, self starting and quick. i have taken this car to the salt flats twice, the first time it wanted to fly @ mph, but after adding the spoilers and air dam it stayed solid thru mph with a lot more room to go. 	the google economy i’ve been talking about it a lot lately, most recently in a comment at libdev. in the old world, information companies could create value by limiting access to their content. most of us have so internalized this scarcity = value theory that we do little more than grumble about the new york times’ authwall or similar limitations to the free-flow and linking of information. jenny levine wrote recently about oclc/lj’s short-run (though not yet ended) experiment with authwalls. 	what’s a “blink” ? stealing from corante/copyfight: it’s a short, one-sentence blog post + a link, à la kottke remainders. [it’s] to share links to articles, resources, and websites of interest that do not necessarily require paragraphs of context or analysis. enjoy! 	solar backpacks & chargers solar charging backpacks: juice bags (news), voltaic solar backpack (news). and, solar ipod charger: solio (news, news). 	personalizing the preservation problem i went looking for an old file the other day. as it turns out, the file was from years ago, but that doesn’t seem so long ago now. anyway, i was amused to find how most of my images from that time were tiffs instead of jpegs. thankfully, tiffs are well supported now, but my old pagemaker files are largely useless to me. and while i was looking at these files from so long ago i found my really bad music from the day. 	is blogging career suicide? ken (i wish he had a blog to link to) pointed out bloggers need not apply in the chronicle of higher ed over the weekend. the story is to some a highly cautionary tale: a candidate’s blog is more accessible to the search committee than most forms of scholarly output. it can be hard to lay your hands on an obscure journal or book chapter, but the applicant’s blog comes up on any computer. 	the big switch other than a bit of head scratching after the announcement in june, i’ve been quiet about apple’s switch to intel processors. now, arstechnica‘s jon “hannibal” stokes has written some of the most intelligent material i’ve seen since. how’s it work? hannibal thinks apple’s relationship with ibm soured to the point where they refused to play the game. and apple is imagining a world of devices macs, ipods, and as yet unannounced portable, personal lifestyle devices. 	napster’s hard road napster — the legal, reincarnated music download site — essentially invented the concept of incumbent campus download services. they loudly{# } touted deals with schools “anxious” to stop the p p music sharing problem. trouble is, according to this story at the reg, it’s not working well. a survey at one client university paints a sad picture: not a single university of rochester student admitted to buying a song via napster during the fall semester. 	the high cost of metasearch for libraries i’ve been looking seriously at metasearch/federated search products for libraries recently. after a lot of reading and a few demos i’ve got some complaints. i’m surprised how vendors, even now, devote so much time demonstrating patron features that are neither used nor appreciated by any patrons without an mls. recent lessons (one, two, three) should have made it clear that libraries need to conform to patron expectations of how online resources should work. 	bstat features update: bstat has been updated. bstat is a hit and search term stats tracking plugin for wordpress. in addition to reporting lists of popular stories and popular search terms, it will report recent comments and a unique “pulse” graph showing the activity for a story or the entire blog over time. the documentation for the current release (b , as of july , ) explains the public functions and their use. i believe they reveal themselves in their names, so here’s a list of most of them: 	make my xb a low rider team pneumatik’s faq addresses the question “why do i need air suspension” simply: “because you wanna be cool!” and now, with pneumatik’s forthcoming kit, scion xb owners can be cool too. thing is, based on the photos it just doesn’t have the same effect on an xb as it does on, say, a caddy. 	braving home jake halpern’s braving home (also in softcover) easily took my interest. here’s how john moe described it for amazon.com: as a cub reporter at the new republic, jake halpern earned the unofficial job title of bad homes correspondent. braving home tells his stories of places where people really ought not live and the people who live there anyway. halpern traveled to such inadvisable destinations as a bed and breakfast at the foot of an active hawaiian volcano, a north carolina town trying to recover from being completely submerged, an indoor alaskan city, and an island in the gulf of mexico located directly in the cross hairs of numerous hurricanes. 	bstat beta release update: bstat has been updated. beta never went public. this is beta . changes this documentation supersedes any previous documentation. the bstat_pulse() function has been improved and now uses your css for appearance. call bstat_pulse_style() to add my default styles inline if you don’t want to modify your css. also, bstat_pulse() now has two switches to control what it displays. please take a look at the usage guide below for how to call this function now. 	libdev launched libdev launched today. from the welcome message there: libdev is a site for those interested in libraries and networked information. want to find a way to apply tags or social bookmarking to library content? interested in how wikipedia can serve libraries? want to find a better way to do patron loads or talk about what identity management means to libraries? looking for single sign-on solutions so patrons can move seamlessly from the campus portal to your opac without re-authenticating? 	idaho politics earlier this year the idaho legislature passed a bill recognizing the success of napoleon dynamite, a film about idaho life by idahoan native sons. legislature of the state of idaho first regular session – house concurrent resolution no. stating legislative findings and commending jared and jerusha hess and the city of preston for the production of the movie “napoleon dynamite.” be it resolved by the legislature of the state of idaho: 	the struggle to protect democracy in florida my dad, who’s called florida home for quite a while now, emailed me the following about goings on there: the big news here is the struggle to prevent volusia county adopting the the diebold touch screen ballot machines. they are bad news, because these diebold machines do not leave a paper trail and so a manual recount of a disputed election is impossible. the republican leaders of florida, who take pride in their deviousness, are trying to require the adoption of these machines under the guise of providing an accessible voting system for the handicapped, especially the visually impaired. 	happy birthday, popsicle npr’s food essayist bonny wolf reported yesterday on the th birthday of the popsicle{# } for weekend edition sunday{# } (listen in realaudio). like so many brilliant inventions, it happened by accident in . and through a century of change, it remains a consistent american icon, stick and all. it all started, apparently, with a forgotten bottle of soda pop with a stick in it and an unusually cold night. 	when is principality of sealand’s independence day? principality of sealand is a wwii-era gunnery platform — called roughs tower — in the north sea, outside britain’s pre- three nautical mile claim of sovereign waters. founded by roy and joan bates in , over time, roy wrote a constitution and named himself and joan as prince and princess. the wikipedia article on sealand tells the story of the world’s smallest micronation about as well and evenly as might be possible, but sean hastings’ website offers a more gripping tale. 	cannon aerial tramway it’s hot in new hampshire, but on top of cannon mountain, feet about sea level, it’s a little cooler. it’s an easy enough hike, but the aerial tram will save you the sweat. the current tram was built in and replaced the tram. the foot climb from the base takes a mile of cable each way, and the two cars make a trip every fifteen minutes. 	google maps rock, the google maps api rocks more we don’t need to hack google maps anymore. now that google has released a public maps api, we can make more reliable map-dependent apps (which will now have better browser compatibility, thank you). within a few minutes of signing up for a maps api key i had put together the following of the nevada test site tour. yeah, click the satellite button, scroll, zoom… it’s real. the api is all javascript, but i use a bit of php to iterate through an array of points and generate the code that puts the lines and pins on the map. 	photron makes my favorite video camera photron’s apx-rs video camera{#kingofhighspeedvideo} can capture , frames per second at top speed, and it can get megapixel+ resolution at , frames per second. it’s one of a dozen or so cameras in photron‘s lineup that can shoot very, very fast video. how fast is a thousand frames a second? how fast is several thousand frames a second? numbers alone do a bad job of telling that story. that’s why they did up this set of sample vids… 	color picking i needed to pick some colors for a new website recently. i’m color blind, so that complicates things. thing is, color relationships can be defined mathematically and “good” or “bad” color combos can be selected by a formula, so it possible to pick colors that go together without actually being able to see them. i’ve done this color math manually for years, but i went looking for a piece of software to make it easier. 	wordpress’ is_x() function an entry at the wordpress support forums{# } gave me the list i needed. how do they work? “you can use [these] in a conditional to display certain stuff only on [certain] page[s], or to omit certain stuff on [those] page[s].” here’s the list: is_ () is_archive() is_author() is_category() is_date() is_day() is_feed() is_home() is_month() is_new_day() is_page() is_search() is_single() is_time() is_year() so there you go. 	freight elevator quartet jazzmusique (rss, stream) treated me to freight elevator quartet‘s so fragile (from their becoming transparent album) not long ago and i liked it enough to take a note to look them up later. the band released five albums between and , but seems to have disappeared since. their site is still alive, and most entertainingly, has fan remixes of svengali (also from becoming transparent) available for download. my favorite is the version by absinthe &amp; shiftless. 	alcohol knowledge test i just love tests (previously: psychotic, leadership style in movies and famous people in history, and eccentric or autistic), so i was quick to try myself at this one when al emailed me. it’s about alcohol, and like most tests, it’s not about getting the answer right, but giving the answer that the test writer wants. so it’s flawed, but it’s a bit of fun. here are my results: score: bacardi 	sending sms messages my friend will was in meetings all day friday, and there are few better times to have sms messaging than in meetings. thing is, i didn’t want to type on my phone’s numeric keypad when i had my computer in front of me, so i went looking for the details of this old hint that describes how to send sms messages with ichat (would also work with any aim client). 	regex reference regular expressions are a pain. jan goyvaerts’ regex reference helps. in a related tip, the following will eliminate any non-numeric components in a string: ereg_replace(“[^ - ]”, “”, $string) . i guess i’ll have to admit that i’d not used the exclusion operator before (the carrot immediately following a square bracket). now i know. 	geotagging gets a new meaning who doesn’t love tagging? no, tagging as in annotating, not graffiti. anyway, rixome is the latest among a bunch of plans/projects to enable tagging of geographic spaces/real-life environments. the good people at we make money not art had this in their post: rixome is a network and a tool that turns mobile screens into windows that show the virtual and public dimensions of our point of view. a walker (a rixome user) can see on his/her mobile phone/pda/laptop screen the virtual interventions that have been added to the location where s/he now stands. 	art deco hair daniela turudich knows vintage fashion. her books include not only hair, but how to recreate a vintage wedding, vintage recipes and candy making, and beauty secrets of history’s most notorious courtesans. here’s the description from art deco hair: art deco has long been associated with uncompromising style and sophistication, and this guide to recreating the sassy, controversial styles of the ’ s and ’ s offers a glimpse back at the hairstyles of this era. 	oooms design ist sehr gut guido ooms has some pretty neat ideas. engadget got high on his anti gravity machine (you must watch the video), but there’s a lot more to see. i wish i could link to examples of his furniture, bottle holders, personal transportation devices, or dohickies, but his flash-based site won’t let me. his glassbulbs are pictured here, but go visit the oooms site and click on the “products” link to see more. 	how to measure the tallest building zach likes tall buildings. perhaps it relates to his superhero obsession (leap giant buildings in a single bound and all), but it’s undeniable that he likes them. here, he gushes about the details of what makes a tall building and how it is measured. judging can be to the top of the highest occupied floor, top of the roof, architectural top (including spires), and top of mast or antenna. of course, the building must be freestanding and habitable too. 	culture of entertainment i don’t remember how i found this tip to baitcar.com‘s collection of police videos of car thefts. they’re good for a few laughs, but things like this — and about half of the programming on spike{# } — make me wonder how far we are from from the worlds depicted in running man and so many other stories. eh, at least we’ve got bravo. that’s some good tv. 	least wanted i’m entirely captivated by mark michaelson‘s collection of mug shots on flickr. it’s titled “least wanted” and he notes with little fanfare that they’re “nobody famous.” some of the photos contain little histories, like this set from the s and s that includes conviction details — “ days w. h.” for “selling obscene literature.” another image shows rapid aging over a three year period starting in . it’s part of a small collection of recidivist women of the s. 	overheard in the library “i want all the books that i’m interested in on one shelf.” 	making zip files on mac os x everybody else may know this, but macos x includes the command-line utility to make windows-compatible zip files. it works a lot like tar, but without needing any switches. &gt; zip {target file} {source files} 	big brother gets more eyes engadget yesterday had a story about the mobile plate hunter , a device that mounts on police cars and scans to license plates an hour. more details are in the wired news story, where la county police commander sid heal notes that the system is hands-off: “it doesn’t require the [officer] to do anything.” the plates are automatically checked against a database of stole cars, and the patrolling officer when the system finds a match. 	switching hosting providers i’ll be switching hosting providers this week. at some point i’ll have to turn off the comments here so that i can synchronize the database and prevent loss of comments as the dns changes propagate. **update: ** the switch seems to have gone well and the dns changes have propagated to the networks i’m using. comments are on again. that’s the way it’s supposed to work. 	bstat beta release update: bstat has been updated. i’ve finally added a clean admin interface to my bstat wordpress stats tracking plugin and cleaned up the code for release as a public beta. quick start installation download and unzip bstat.zip place bstat.php in you wp-content/plugins directory place spacer.gif in your wp-content directory log in to your wordpress admin panel and activate the plugin, then visit the new bstat submenu of the options tab. 	what makes ohio red it’s a story that won’t die, and yet it can’t get any attention. since november rd, reasonable people have been wondering what happened. on election night, exit polls predicted a million vote win for kerry, but the official election results declared bush the winner by million votes. we’re all suspicious of polls, but an million vote discrepancy is big and exit polls are considered the most accurate of all. 	north-country drive-ins the fairlee drive-in theatre is open with double features on weekends details: route , fairlee vt (one mile north of town) - - notes from driveinmovie.com: the usual hotel/motel concept of in-room movies is cable tv, this is one of only two drive-ins in america that have a motel on the premises with a view of a drive-in movie. all rooms have a picture window and speaker, allowing motel guests to watch the movies. 	squirrel decanter and other dead animal art the strange folks over at custom creature taxidermy arts have come out with a squirrel liquor decanter that’s making the rounds. jon said simply “words cannot describe.” but the good folks at gizmodo assure us that “anyone who sees you sucking on the desiccated neck of an ex-squirrel will know you are a man of class and style.” other items in their novelty selection include flying squirrels and punk rock squirrels. 	american reporter’s nagasaki story emerges after years of censorship george weller won a pulitzer prize, a polk award, and was named a neimann fellow during his fifty-some-odd year career during which he covered much of europe and asia for the new york times and chicago daily news. weller died in at age , leaving behind a body of work that tells much of the th century’s events. his story about an appendectomy performed by navy pharmacist’s mate wheeler lipes in a submarine feet below pacific waters amid the concussive blasts of depth charges is legendary. 	the difference between progressive and conservative bloggers david rothman points to a daily kos story that points to a mydd story titled “aristocratic right wing blogosphere stagnating.” what’s the point? of the top political blogs, more than half are ‘liberal,’ and more importantly, they support community involvement — including basic features like comments — that the conservative blogs shun. of the five most trafficked conservative blogs (over , page views per week), only one […] even allows comments… 	google print: reports from michigan & oxford i’m listening and watching along with the educause online presentation from the universities of michigan and oxford and their participation in google print. presenters: john p. wilkin associate university librarian library information technology and technical and access services university of michigan   reginald carr director of university library services and bodley’s librarian university of oxford google print is old news by now, but it’s interesting to get their reports on it. 	geolocating the news last week i got excited about the as-yet unreleased geolocation api for bbc backstage. now larry d. larsen of the poynter institute is excited too. in a post titled the future of news (… hint: gps){# &amp;aid= } he talks about putting news in geographic context with geolocation tags. eventually, clicking an article in a news/google map hybrid might zoom in to a d model of the area where an automatic pop-up starts playing a slideshow with pictures of the scene or streaming video along with the text news content. 	blogger’s legal guide copyfight is pointing to the eff‘s new legal guide for bloggers. most of the content is about liability, but it also addresses issues of access and privilege that are generally granted to journalists, election law, and labor law. from the introduction: whether you’re a newly minted blogger or a relative old-timer, you’ve been seeing more and more stories pop up every day about bloggers getting in trouble for what they post. 	when you don’t have a gps… geolocation by gps my be the most straightforward approach, but we mustn’t forget the other ways to get lat/lon coordinates. all current cell phones support agps positioning to comply with federal e- mandates, but not all phones make it easy for the user to get that information out of them. still, some do and gps-enabled moblogging is becoming common in asia and europe, and there’s at least a public proof of concept going in the us. 	the mystifying aroma of rot i love libraries, and i love books, but there the needs of our students and limitations of our budgets have no room for misplaced romantic attachments. that’s why i’ve found myself paraphrasing something from ibiblio’s paul jones (via teleread): that smell of an old book, that smell of old libraries? that’s the smell of the books rotting. we must remember that libraries catalog and share information and knowledge, not books. 	pinball wizard gets his due the laconia citizen{#/ /citizen / /- /citizen} reported today that ron mowry’s year quest for recognition as the real pinball wizard of has finally achieved some success. the twin galaxies official video game &amp; pinball book of world records will credit mowry’s hour minute marathon pinball session as a record. mowry set his record at a sandwich shop in hallandale beach, florida, but he was raised in plymouth, nh, where he now works for the university. 	bstat pulse i imported the content of my old referrer tracking database as hits in my new bstat stats datatabase so i could have more data to work with. i mixed this with a fairly simple graphing routine and now we can see the “pulse” of the whole site and each story. take a look at the bottom of the main page and between the body and comments in the single story pages to see what i mean. 	bstat progress i’ve been hard at work on my bstat stats tracking plugin for wordpress and you can see the results in the sidebar and in the story views here. the work has been made especially easy because of the great documentation, including writing a plugin, plugin api, and related pages at the wordpress codex. i’m testing the plugin with a limited group now (thank you sandee and cliff). but with a few more tweaks and a little more time to prove itself, i think it will be ready for an open beta. 	professionals don’t use ofoto or wal mart photo services at least that’s the only thing a person can conclude from the stories at copyfight earlier this week. this post reports on two stories where the photo services concluded that the photos to be printed were too good to have come from an average customer. upon trying to order prints of her child, one ofoto user found the following: your order has been cancelled because it appears your order contains one of the following… . 	bbc backstage is gonna rock (once they release the apis) the apis aren’t yet out, but the bbc has already won me over with their backstage bbc concept. of course, i’m a fan of anything with an api, but the real deal here is that it appears they’re planning on releasing a “query by geo-location data” api — and i’m all a gaga about about geolocation. i’ll definitely be looking to see what takes shape across the pond. 	damn pngs in internet explorer i don’t know why ie has never displayed my transparent pngs correctly, but i know now that i’m not the only one with this complaint. bob osola (name?) shares my frustration, and better, he sat down and coded a solution, shared the code, and posted a wonderfully informative guide to the problem. not sure if your browser can display transparent pngs properly? follow that link for examples. 	the google economy vs. libraries roger over at electric forest is making some arguments about the value of open access to information. hopefully he’ll forgive me for my edit of his comment (though readers check the original to make sure i preserved the original meaning): …keep the [information] under heavy protection and you will find that people ignore this sheltered content in favor of the sources that embrace the web and make everything accessible… [open and accessible resources] will become the influential authorities, not because they are more trustworthy, or more authoritative, or better written, but because they are more accessible. 	what? i’m not sure what to think about steve j’s wwdc announcement (video stream) of apple’s switch to x processors. coverage at macnn, mac rumors, ars technica, etc. i’m not sure, but it would be easier to take if i wasn’t the only one who saw conspiracy in it. does this relate to intel’s recent shoehorning of drm onto the cpu? it wasn’t long ago that i was praising apple for making devices that served the remix world that exists in the void between fair use and copyright infringement, but moves since then have concerned me. 	on the media does copyright issue i had just sat down to post a note about an interview with j.d. lasica in on the media (listen to mp ) this week when i found david rothman beat me to it. the interview was one of the better treatments of copyright issues that’s i’ve heard/seen in the (relatively-) popular media. here’s the summary from the otm site: for every move that media industries have taken to protect their copyrights, there has been an equal and opposite countermove by consumers. 	doggy and you: mark schutte’s dog powered scooter engadget has a link to mark schutte’s dog powered scooter. this catches my eye because my friend joe is always looking for ways to exercise his sled dogs in the summer. the developer, of course, is very serious about its befits and usefulness of this contraption. here’s the sales pitch: focus your dogs energy and enjoy the new sport of urban dog mushing. engadget has some complaints, but this looks like the best solution i’ve seen yet for running sled dogs in the summer. 	remixing reality: good or bad? we’ve all seen the ads they digitally insert on the field during football games and we’ve heard talk about inserting new product placements as old tv shows play in syndication. ernie miller has been thinking about this recently. last week he noted that folks are creating ipod-able, independent audio tours of museums. “…hack the gallery experience, […] remix moma!” commands artmobs, one of the groups producing these unauthorized audio tours. 	ohara fireflies i don’t consider myself a japonophile, but i do find myself reading mainichi daily news each day, and when they put up a picture like this, of fireflies near the yamada river in ohara, (chiba prefecture) i can’t help but notice. 	teleread spends morning on portable computing stories …well, not entirely, but i couldn’t help but read the posts on the pepperpad and history of the newton. i’m a fan of computing devices that don’t fit the mold, so i eat up stuff like this. i noted the pepper pad previously, and written a few posts about the newton and ultra-portable computing. update: engadget is getting in on the excitement too. they’re pointing to this osopinion article that’s at the center of it all. 	wikipedia and libraries wikipedia seems to get mixed reviews in the academic world, but i don’t fully understand why. there are those that complain that they can’t trust the untamed masses with such an important task as writing and editing an encyclopedia, then there are others that say you can’t trust the experts with it either. for my part, i’ve come to love wikipedia, despite having access to eb and other, more traditional sources. 	disobey gary wolf wrote in the june issue of wired about how smart mobs in new york’s world trade center outbrained the “authorities” and enjoyed higher survival rates because of it. wolf is talking about the nist report on occupant behavior, egress, and emergency communications (warning: pdfs). there’s also this executive summary and this looks like a mind numbing powerpoint presentation (also pdf). so, what about it? for nearly four years – steadily, seriously, and with the unsentimental rigor for which we love them – civil engineers have been studying the destruction of the world trade center towers, sifting the tragedy for its lessons. 	japanese government employees extremely troubled by summer casual dress code today is the first day of summer, according to japan’s environmental ministry, and that means it’s time to take off the ties and suit jackets and put on “casual” clothes. the ministry has been leading a charge to reduce energy consumption and ease global warming by asking all government employees to leave their neckties at home so they feel cooler with less air conditioning. but despite endorsements from prime minister junichiro koizumi it might not be going as well as planned. 	take a picture, get hassled by the man alan wexelblat at copyfight pointed out this story that talks about increasing limits on public photography. if you’re standing on public property, you can shoot anything the naked eye can see, explains ken kobre, professor of photojournalism at san francisco state university and author of one of the seminal textbooks on the subject. …but that apparently doesn’t stop security guards, cops, and others from intimidating and sometimes arresting those who try it. 	theme change… theme change not yet complete, but looking good. it’s a widened version of clemens orth’s relaxation_ column, itself a derivitive of john wrana‘s two columned relaxation theme. i found it on the wordpress codex, and though it was among the first group i looked at, i dutifully clicked through to every other three-columned theme listed there. anyway, expect the banner to change, and i’m working on how i want to handle the width on smaller monitors (where “smaller” actually equals anything narrower than px). 	bad movie, verboten subject? i’m embarrassed to be in the middle of fantasy mission force, a kung fu movie that demonstrates a brand of asian humor that i haven’t yet learned to appreciate. i’m watching it because i’m a sucker for jackie chan flicks and netflix makes it too easy to queue up bad movies. david chute wrote the amazon editorial review: jackie chan makes a brief guest appearance in this surreally goofy action comedy, a high-spirited shambles from that hovers awkwardly somewhere between monty python and the three stooges. 	global threats, as seen through eyes of movie producers and insurers jonathan crowe points out this risks in global filmmaking map by aon, the entertainment industry insurance company. go view the pdf or a full-size png{# &amp;size=o} for all the details. 	lunch at burdick’s treated mom to lunch at l.a. burdick’s in walpole today. the food at burdick’s is always remarkable, but this time i got a decent photo of it. i’m calling the plate in front a real tuna salad. yes, those are strips of medium-rare tuna, but it’s the pickled onions that delighted me. in the middle is my rare steak with a dollop of stilton butter. for desert, we enjoyed a frappes and shared a piece of hazelnut-orange cake while thunder and large hailstones menaced the street outside. 	wordpress stats goodness work on my bstats plugin continues. i’ve added recently commented posts tracking, begun work on a usage graph, as requested by richard akerman, and put together an interesting way to track usage of the google ads. i’m using the google ads to figure out how to best use them on another project later. i think they look a little too commercial here too. i’ve done nothing yet to created a list of related posts, and i’m still researching how i want to do referrer tracking. 	of wordpress tags, keywords, xml-rpc, and the movabletype api wordpress’s xml-rpc support looks pretty good. heck, it supports a half dozen apis and works well with ecto … except for tag support, which is my only complaint with it so far. the movable type api supports a “keywords” field that i’m thinking can be hijacked as a “tags” field instead, but while ecto sends the goods — i can see them in the xml-rpc data that gets sent out, wordpress seems to ignore them upon receipt. 	bstats plugin i’m more than surprised that there’s no (decent) stats plugin for wordpress, but that hasn’t stopped me from writing me own. it’s called “bstats,” and i’ll release a beta soon. in the meantime. the “today’s most popular” list comes directly from this new plugin. 	one step forward… i thought i was real smart when i modified the tags plugin to support integration with technorati. the code was simple, just look in the tags.php plugin file for the foreach statements that run through the tags names and turn them into links on the page and change the $tags[] = statement to look something like this: $tags[] = “tag_name).”\“ target=\”$target\“ rel=\”tag\“ title=\”more “.$row-&gt;tag_name.” at {site name}\“ &gt;”.$row-&gt;tag_name.“ tag_name.”\“ target=\”$target\“ rel=\”tag\“ title=\”find “. 	nuclear test site tour the above image is my followup to my nevada test site tour post from last month and comes courtesy of adam schneider’s very useful gps visualizer (you really need to see it full-sized{# &amp;size=o}, though). i still don’t have a cable to connect the ancient magellan gps i used to a computer, so i manually entered the waypoints i marked into the form and selected a few options, and viola. 	…and then you realize you wasted your life i think i’ve been avoiding commenting on this issue for weeks because it hits so close to home. first i read it in biblioacid, then jenny levine picked it up, then richard ackerman picked it up at the science library pad: library catalogs are broken, and there’s no amount of adding pictures or fiddling with colors that will fix them. i nibbled at the edges of this in my iug conference presentation, but i didn’t say it as well or as clearly as roy tennant did in his widely quoted april library journal column: 	vonage ceo interview makes me feel old engadget’s interview with jeffrey citron, chairman and ceo of vonage gives an interesting peak into the world of the baby bells, through the eyes of an upstart. citron dishes about the competition, stomping at&amp;t, working deals with the bells to make services work, and a possible palm version of their softphone. most interestingly is his notions about what their customers want and expect. …more and more people are deciding that they don’t even want a land line in the house…? 	blog software switched i’m almost ready to call the first stage of my wordpress migration done, except it looks like the comment submission forms aren’t working. while i’m working on that, please note the new feed urls: rss . x, rss . , and atom. update: found a reference to the comment bug on the wp support site and in their bug tracking system. i didn’t find the answer there, though, so this is still a problem. 	switching blog software… i think i’ve finally decided to go to wordpress after all. i tried doing it too quickly last time and it almost worked, but i switched back when i realized i might need more than minutes to figure out how to use wordpress in production. since then i’ve found a set of plugins that do most of what i want, but it looks like i’m going to have to put together a stats tracking plugin of my own. 	crime and privacy on google maps annalee newitz last week posted a column on people’s fear of privacy loss as a result of google maps. her point: so while all these people are wringing their hands over how simple it is for strangers to discover the color of their roof on google, we forget that we can already be tracked everywhere we go using cell phones and the rfid chips in wal-mart backpacks. i honestly didn’t know people were up in arms about the maps and satellite images (which have been available elsewhere for years), and, like annalee, i’m much more concerned about the proliferation of real-time tracking systems like cameras, rfid tags in our driver’s licenses and consumer products, and other sensor technologies. 	eating my way through san francisco san francisco is a great city for a conference. it’s also a pretty good place to get lunch. the following is poorly written and incomplete. well, at least it’s something. sunday i was a little surprised to find johnny rockets on jefferson st. serving breakfast, but they did a fine sausage, egg, and cheese sandwich all the same. after visiting alcatraz, i had a delectable rueben at the buena vista on the corner of beech and hyde, where they’re known for their irish coffee. 	 wasted minutes i can now say with the authority of experience that star wars episode iii sucked. update: zach’s right, my opinion of the original trilogy has fallen over time. but i stand by the statement that episode iii is worse than it should be. the real reason for the update, however, is to note a couple pictures of things seen and done while waiting in line: matt, with an oversized jug of generic cola and this oversized scorpion bowl. 	un food survey the proceeding was forwarded to me by my dad, who included a note suggesting that jokes may embody the only real truths we can know. a worldwide survey was conducted by the un. the only question asked was: would you please give your honest opinion about solutions to the food shortage in the rest of the world? though translated into appropriate local languages and delivered using local personnel, the survey was a huge failure. 	cool stuff made easy (rss, opengl d graphics, screensaver app) i have an appropriate fondness for engadget‘s how-to features, like today’s “make a customized rss screensaver in tiger.” macos x . tiger comes with a pretty decent rss screensaver (don’t miss the movie), which can be set to display feeds from any source that safari can read and bookmark. and if that’s all you want out of life, well then you won’t have any reason to leave your couch/chair/bathtub or wherever you use your mac. 	geolocating everything i’ve been excited about geolocating photos, blog posts, etc for a while. so this past month or so has been quite exciting. most recently, gps photo linker has been updated with mac os x . specific features: with spotlight in mac os x . , you can instantly search for the city, state and country information automatically saved by gpsphotolinker. additionally, mac os x . does support the gps metadata tags in photos. 	about that bookless ut austin library there’s a lot of talk about the new york times story about ut austin’s undergrad library throwing out its books. problem is, i don’t think it’s as exciting as people are making it out to be. first, the undergraduate library is one of libraries on campus and the real issue was space, not books. when priorities change, but you don’t have enough money to break ground on new buildings, you’ve got to re-use the old ones. 	flickr api the flickr api rocks. it helps that the developers are really excited about web services (pdfs converted from their original ppts). anyway, there are code libraries available for php , javascript and others. michael madrid’s oberkampf is a dead simple php library that looks easy enough for non-coders to use. and i found myself quite satisfied with the rest request format and the xml to array parser by eric rosebrock. 	do i want a lifedrive? after months of no news or no good news, and just as i’m about to knock palm news site src off my feeder, palmone starts leaking details of their lifedrive “mediacentric handheld.” then somebody leaked the whole datasheet, and src was there with the deets. engadget was on the story the next day, and summarized as follows: it’s . x . x . inches in size, weighs . ounces, runs on palm os garnet . 	markoff, i wish i could trust thee trouble: john markoff has been doing tech stories for the new york times since the beginning of days, so it’s likely he’s written something you’ve read and enjoyed. but he’s also written a number of wrong or counterfactual stories that he makes little or no apology for. at the core of the claims against him is his coverage of kevin mitnick, the accused cyber-criminal who was held for over four years — including eight months in solitary — without a bail or sentencing hearing. 	google’s war on hierarchy, alert the librarians via ernie miller i saw a link to john hiller‘s story about google’s war on hierarchy, and the death of hierarchical folders. googlization is a concept libraries have been strugling with for a while. and while it’s hard to say wether the change is good or bad, i can say that failure to change makes libraries irrelevant among patrons who’ve grown accustomed to google and other exemplary services. so john’s story caught my eye and had my full attention for a while. 	sunrise on mount monadnock i’ve loaded some more of my old photography, inlcuding this shot of sunrise on mount monadnock (info) from the spring of or . josh stands on the outcrop in the foreground. i held the exposure open longer than appropriate for true brightness and color, but i like the effect. other photos: another sunrise on mt. monadnock, photos from around harrisville, panoramas of the nevada desert and london, a rose, and a set of stairs. 	library portal integration i’ve been back at work less than a week now, and i’m already behind. i’ve finally posted the handout and slides (as a quicktime movie, pdf here) from our iug presentation. i’ll submit them to iug for their archive and add them to the plymouth state university library portal integration page in an update soon. as usual, presentation slides don’t stand on their own, but they should be helpful reminders of what was said. 	kwajalein atoll kwajalein atoll is a part of the republic of the marshall islands, lost in the pacific ocean (maptech makes it easier to find) along with more recognizable locations like bikini and enewetak atolls. the military presence is far from gone, however, as kwajalein is home to reagan test site, where the us army tests the last remnants of reagan‘s infamous star wars program. now reincarnated as george w. bush‘s missile defense, it survives despite its flaws and an unbroken string of failed tests. 	hilary rosen: sock puppet we’re all talking about hilary rosen‘s apparent about face, apparently pro-customer, anti-drm essay now (props to david rothman for taking the high road on this). in an update to his monday post, however, ernie miller notes that the riaa and hilary rosen’s history is that of blanket opposition to mp players (and fair use) in general. if the riaa had its way, there wouldn’t be any portable mp players. the only portable players you would be able to buy would play only drm restricted tunes. 	delicious, refreshing, old liquor bottles so grenadine isn’t officially a liquor, but it gets kept behind the bar and this one has a great label. the collection comes from the estate of a friend’s mother, who appears to have had a taste for old martini culture (not pictured are several bottles of vermouth). there’s more in my flickr photoblog. 	pointless, crude, badly drawn, unintelligent, offensive it’s a book review. it goes like this: pointless, crude, badly drawn, unintelligent, offensive. life-threateningly funny. buy this. another amazon uk customer wrote: funnier than the real people with tourettes the book is modern toss, by jon link and mick bunnage. cartoons and more info are online. 	when we can’t all just get along (the failure of logical centrism) i love the following quote from copyfight: frank field, responding to james boyle’s much–discussed ft column, deconstructing stupidity: “flat-earthers are harmless — until they start forcing you to write the specifications for your gps system in accordance with their views. then, you’re screwed.” and boyle’s column is pretty good too. 	former riaa head hates drm? today is sort of an anti-drm day here, so it was some pleasure that i just saw ernie miller’s post at copyfight regarding hilary rosen, the former head of the riaa. she’s complaining about the drm apple uses with its music store and ipod. she says: i spent years in the music business the last several of which were all about pushing and prodding the painful development of legitimate on-line music. 	give orphaned works a home david rothman at teleread is alerting us to something we should have done a long time ago, but, hey look, a caterpillar…. really, the us copyright office and library of congress are accepting comments to comments on the issue of “orphan works.” but, the deadline is today at pm est today! james boyle, addressed some of these questions in a column in the financial times recently: thomas macaulay told us copyright law is a tax on readers for the benefit of writers, a tax that shouldn’t last a day longer than necessary. 	broadcast flag smackdown the only thing that could have made friday’s news sweeter would be to have received the dc circuit court of appeals’ deciscion against the broadcast flag from the us supreme court instead. still, it’s enough to get most of the ip-aware blogsphere excited. to wit: here, here, here, and everywhere else. copyfight‘s synopsis was the best: the american library association, public knowledge, eff, et al. just won our joint challenge to the fcc’s ability to regulate consumer electronic devices that receive digital television signals, - at the d. 	t-mobile does coverage maps, verizon wireless baffled i’d like to make more of this, but it’s old news. we’re all sick of the “can you hear me now” ads, but that doesn’t stop verizon from talking up their network testing efforts. but when it comes to network performance, the ceo starts complaining about customers who expect their phones to work at home. what? yes. engadget reports: in an interview with the san francisco chronicle he asks, “why in the world would you think your (cell) phone would work in your house? 	time to change… time to rearrange… time to restore from backup… i’ve given up on my poorly timed and completely unplanned try at switching to wordpress. i started out thinking i’d experiment with it, then things got out of hand. factors contributing to my interest in wordpress: ecto via allforces.com a little compare and contrast with pmachine livesearch better rss/atom output flickr gallery a mostly functional pmachine importer a damn easy install a bunch of plugins factors that made me give it up for the short-term: 	what are you doing to shape the future of libraries? jenny levine recently posted a note about opacs and xml and maps wherein she makes two points: first, mike copley at north shore libraries in new zealand has been doing some exciting stuff to help patrons find books (go ahead, go there and click a “view map” link), then expands her post to address the struggles that folks like mike face to do some of these things. see, mike’s library system is converting to innovative (iii) soon, so the work he’s done is mostly for naught, as it’s very difficult to identify item locations with the detail he’s getting now. 	xml server applications well, it’s done. the [handout][ ] and [slides][ ] as presented are posted here, and i’ll add them to our [portal integration][ ] page (yeah, they’re sort of connected) when i return to [plymouth][ ]. the slides don’t stand on their own, but for those that were there, they should be helpful reminders of what was said what links we looked at. one of the attendees took me to task for recommending marc xml as the replacement for iii’s proprietary schema, saying that it fails to leverage the full value of xml. 	iii introduces “web works” where did this come from? innovative calls it “web works,” and describes them as “html-based interfaces for light-weight system access.” here’s the program description: webworks are new products that offer focused functionality for staff through a lightweight browser-based client. one web works client handles selection list processing while a cataloging client provides the ability to add and edit records. the session was hugely crowded, and i had to run off before i got to ask my question: “how do these fit in with any web services strategy iii may be developing? 	citing library collections on the web the example below uses a javascript to display bibliographic details about an item in plymouth state university’s library catalog. now imagine this link included information on the availability of the item, and a button to request or reserve it…. this post is intended to demonstrate how library catalog data can be used in places far from the catalog, perhaps in blackboard/webct, blogs, or elsewhere. i’m at the innovative users group conference, where i’ll use this post in my presentation on xml server, session l . 	iug : ldap is not single sign-on at innovative users group conference now. the most exciting thing today was using ldap authentication by john culshaw of university of colorado at boulder, and richard paladino of innovative interfaces. despite the title, the raison d’etre of the presentation was single sign-on, and the unstated hurdle was identity management. academic it departments are struggling with these two huge issues, but libraries often have even more limited it resources and are getting little help from campus it departments. 	prisoners of age at alcatraz found ron levine’s prisoners of age exhibit at alcatraz today. sadly, the website doesn’t appear give the prisoner’s stories, and, though the photos are well done, it’s the stories that hold our attention. 	leaving las vegas morning’s cold light shines harshly even on the strip, but this saturday morning on fremont street looks especially forlorn. i’ll be on a plane to san francisco for my conference in a few hours. 	golden gate hotel and casino according to the history printed on their diner placemats, the golden gate has been standing at the corner of fremont and main streets for years. kris had some good fun eating unhealthy quantities of cent shrimp cocktail at the gate. [update:] the stay wasn’t bad, in fact, i enjoyed the best sleep i’ve had all week. some were out trying to save souls, but i found fried twinkies. 	fatburger and henderson, nv my trip to henderson was a bust. i’ll eventually make a story about what i’d planned to do, but the only thing that worked out was a visit to fatburger in the sunset station casino. along the way i snapped this bad panorama of the vegas strip. the point here was to show the sprawl on what some are calling the city’s centennial. the shot goes better with the story i wanted to tell, but it fails even there. 	nevada test site tour toured the nevada test site today. no cameras allowed, but i did take along a gps and marked points of interest along the way. i’ll have to upload the track and landmarks when i get home, but google sightseeing has some interesting nevada destinations, including one for the test site area. but satellite photos can do little to show the human scale of things like the , foot wide sedan crater. 	waiting in long beach long beach airport is a small affair, seemingly more fitting for dubuque iowa than the south los angeles sprawl. gates one through three are in a pre-manufactured temporary structure that’s obviously been in use for some time, but the food from the one vendor is better than in boston and the queen mary spa offers massages hidden behind a partition in the corner. a five minute of scalp rub runs $ . 	beatnikside’s vegas photo gallery i can’t help but like beatnickside‘s las vegas flickr photo set. it’s one of the most photographed of cities, but these photos are fresher than that. sometimes enteraining, sometimes informing, the shots of vegas’s glitz and glamour show special attention to detail. this week is vegas week at maisonbisson, since i’m out here before heading to san francisco to present at iug . i have an inexplicable fondness for vegas. 	smart high efficiency car coming to us i got excited a while ago when i learned that daimler chrysler was bringing their little smart car to canada, and i’m even more excited now that i learn that it’s coming to the us via zap, a company originally formed to make and sell electric cars (zap stands for zero air pollution). though powered by a normal internal combustion engine, its small size and low weight allow it up to miles a gallon — much better than the . 	the long tail of violence it’s been a few days of “long tail” talk here at maisonbisson. stories about popularity vs. the long tail and aesthetics of the short head are just below. here’s one on the violence of the long tail. john robb at global guerrillas wrote about the “dark side” of the long tail in a march post to his blog. it’s a touchy one, so i’d better explain robb’s point in his own words: 	national weather service adds xml and rss feeds the us national weather service just updated the soap/xml interface to their national digital forecast database (ndfd) and rss feeds from their storm prediction center. i feel a little happier about paying my taxes when i see government organizations like the weather service posting answers like this: the national weather service is striving to serve society’s needs for weather information by evolving its services from a text-based paradigm to one based on making nws information available quickly, efficiently, and in convenient and understandable forms. 	tetris shelves gizmodo posted a picture and a little text about bravespacedesign‘s tetris shelves. more from bravespacedesign can be seen in this post at land+living. they’re all the standard tetris shapes constructed of walnut and ash. my previous attempts at cabinet making were miserable failures, but considering these shelves cost seven large — yes, $ , — it’s more likely that i’ll be making my own than buying them. question, though, am i violating copyright/trademark/patent law if i built my own for personal use? 	liblime/koha ils a comment to a post on the shifted librarian pointed me to the liblime collection of open source library applications including the koha ils. they’ve got demos for the whole collection, including the opac. it’s the first i’d heard of liblime or koha ils, but it’s good stuff and i certainly hope to see more of it. 	the dark side of networked information according to the website, mitre is: a not-for-profit company that provides systems engineering, research and development, and information technology support to the government. it operates federally funded research and development centers for the department of defense, the federal aviation administration and the internal revenue service, with principal locations in bedford, massachusetts, and mclean, virginia. all of this is interesting because blogsofwar points out that they’ve been presenting information on a project titled blogint: weblogs as a source of intelligence (with slides in pdf format): 	“short head” vulgarity and prurience chris anderson at the long tail blog quotes a passage from david foster wallace’s a supposedly fun thing i’ll never do again: tv is not vulgar and prurient and dumb because the people who compose the audience are vulgar and dumb. television is the way it is simply because people tend to be extremely similar in their vulgar and prurient and dumb interests and wildly different in their refined and aesthetic and noble interests. 	what is networked information? there’s data, then there’s information. information is meaningful and self explanatory, data need to be aggregated and analyzed before they become information. networks — ethernet and the internet — transmit data, but our web browsers and the back-end applications they connect to turn it into useful information. “networked information” is what results from building connections between multiple information sources. displaying an author’s biography inline with the library catalog holdings of books by that author is one example of how the value of information sources grows when they’re networked. 	credit where credit is due jenny levine’s mention of my work with innovative’s xml server wednesday drew a lot of attention, but there’s little online public discussion of innovative to give some of my comments context. innovative started started development on their xml server product quite a while ago (five years, yes?), before later standards like marc xml had any traction. they did it to create another very useful product, their airpac, a online catalog for mobile phones and handheld devices, and without any clear demand for xml server from customers. 	stanford library’s tech history collection i just discovered standford library’s collection of documents relating to the technology and culture in silicon valley and the development of the mac thanks to a link from gizmodo. gizmodo was excited about the &lt;a href=&quot;http://library.stanford.edu/mac/primary/images/dayton .html&rdquo; title=&quot;mice &ldquo;wine tastings&rdquo; &ldquo;&gt;mice “wine tastings” that apple did in its efforts to develop the first consumer mouse. elsewhere, however, i found this interesting little tidbit: reading it twenty years later, the most surprising thing about it is the amount of attention it gives to networking, and the degree to which the first macintosh was intended to be a kind of network computer. 	xml isn’t enough a lot of this is in my xml server presentation at the innovative users group conference in a couple weeks… jenny levine is an outspoken advocate for the use of rss in libraries. one example she cites is posting lists of new acquisitions to library websites. she estimates that folks in the libraries of her library system spend hours per year on that one activity, time that could be used elsewhere if automated by rss. 	new catagory: libraries & networked information thank or blame jenny levine of theshiftedlibrarian for this: i’ve just created a “libraries and networked information” category here. more to come. 	the long tail at maisonbisson content here at maisonbisson isn’t well focused, but a few stories have come out winners in the google sweepstakes of passing popular fancy. my story about a giant bear in alaska was one such winner, but i’m happy to see a few others are also getting read. my stories about stainless steel, the heat output of dell servers, and itunes vs. firewalls are obviously filling a need for technical information not readily available elsewhere. 	safari . supports for contenteditable wysiwyg melvin rivera reports on &lt;a href=&quot;http://allforces.com/ / / /wysiwyg-comes-to-safari- /&rdquo; title=&quot;safari . &rsquo;s support for contenteditable“&gt;safari . ’s support for _contenteditable_. 	when decorum is entirely innapropriate it’s hard to find the words to introduce eric berndt‘s open letter to his nyu law school classmates. the nation said the following: justice antonin scalia got more than he bargained for when he accepted the nyu annual survey of american law’s invitation to engage students in a q&amp;a session. randomly selected to attend the limited-seating and closed-to-the-press event, nyu law school student eric berndt asked scalia to explain his dissent in lawrence v. 	copyright and the internet david rothman at teleread linked to franklin pierce law center professor thomas g. field’s guide to copyright on the internet. field gives a clear overview of of the limits to copyright, the ways copyright applies to web sites and email, and the limited law on linking and framing web content. in his section on risks, he notes: copyright law precludes most uses of others’ works without explicit or implied permission. 	satelite imagery there appear to be two non-government-owned companies providing satelite imagery: space imaging and upstart digitalglobe (yeah, like they’re not both upstarts). digitalglobe is working hard to make friends with the media and regularly offers timely images of events, disasters, and wars to them. for the public, they offer some more scenic shots, like this one of the the boneyard at davis-monthan afb in tucson, arizona from august , . the boneyard serves as a holding place for out-of-rotation airplanes until their fate is decided; the dry, clear climate of tucson provides an ideal environment for the storage of aircraft, as they can sit indefinitely without rusting. 	focal plane shutter distortion henri lartigue’s photo of a race car shows one of the wonderful ways in which the camera records its own reality. spectators lean left while the speeding car tilts right all because of some facts about how his camera works. lartigue’s camera had a focal plane shutter, a two-part light curtain that slides to one side to expose the film while the second part follows a moment behind to again block the light. 	jeffrey veen gives presentation advice in seven steps to better presentations, jeffrey veen acknowledges the complaints against powerpoint, but explains that the real problem is “bad content delivered poorly.” his seven points have a lot more detail that what i’m quoting here: tell stories. show pictures. don’t apologize. ever. start strong. end strong too. stand. away from the podium. pause. my own opinion is that veen and tufte would agree more than they disagree. 	tips to flag designers (vexillographers?) the folks at the north american vexillological association get excited about flags. yeah, i had to look up vexillology too. anyway, they’ve got a page how-to about designing a flag, for “your organization, city, tribe, company, family, neighborhood, or even country!” their advice centers around these five rules of flag design: keep it simple use meaningful symbolism use - basic colors no lettering or seals be distinctive or be related each point is supported by examples illustrating both the “right” and “wrong” way to do it. 	cat and girl makes me laugh i can’t get enough of cat and girl and this one just hit my funny bone. thinking of comics, comic life makes it easy to lay out your digital photos and add comic-style speech balloons. looks interesting, though i’m not sure it’s worth $ bucks. 	geolocating everything i just added jonathan crowe’s the map room to my daily read. it was there that i learned that geourl is back, and that’s got me thinking about geocoding things again. i spoke of geolocating photos in a previous post, but my interest has broadened. i now want to geolocate my blog posts, i want lat and long recorded with my atm transactions, i want my emails and phone calls to have location information. 	urls i need to bookmark on my clie and phone google local for mobile devices may be the most useful thing yet. but then, i’ve been slow to get even the regular google search for mobile devices bookmarked. 	see, when the president does it, it’s different, somehow it’s a reasonable story: guy gets ipod, buddy puts a few favorite tracks on it, everybody jams happily because they can share their little bits of culture. in a way it’s an extension of the mixed tape so romanticized in high fidelity, but in another way — the riaa’s way — it’s probably a copyright violation. this is about the time you’d expect me to announce a new round of charges from the riaa, more claims of theft and lost profits due to the scourge of technology and hordes of uncaring, music copying punks. 	modern day opium craze in a story in the sacramento news and review, peter thompson writes about his drug use. at he tried making mead, but when that failed he continued to look elsewhere: i began to see the supermarket and drugstore as potential drug dealers. i drank bottles of cough syrup before i knew what dextromethorphan (dxm) was. i ate catnip and didn’t feel anything. i ate nutmeg and felt everything. there was no internet to guide me and nothing in the library about morning-glory seeds. 	apple finally unleashes tiger apple announced the availability of mac os x v .  tigertuesday and is now accepting pre-orders. the product is to be in stores on friday, april (beginning at pm?) and will sell for $ , or $ for the mac os x v .  tiger family pack, a five seat household license. amazon is offering tiger for $ , after rebate, though the rebate doesn’t appear to apply to the family pack. apple’s been selling family packs for a while, but it’s added some new family features to the os that surprised me. 	our underequipped military forces a story over at defensetech is reporting that four years after the september th attacks and during a time when us personnel are involved in armed action on the ground in arabic speaking states, the military still doesn’t have a plan to train their soldiers in the language. it seems the pentagon can spend bazilions on failed missile defense systems, but hasn’t the money or interest for language instruction. i’d say get the folks in green some ipods and in flight arabic, or the more extensive pimsleur quick &amp; simple arabic (hey, the amazon reviews for it are positively glowing), but i’m thinking both lack important vocab for people who have to deal with car bombs regularly. 	most cmss suck i’ve been slowly struggling with the question of how to replace pmachine, my cms engine here. i haven’t really liked any of the alternatives that others i know are using (link link link link), though i’ve been hard pressed to identify exactly what my complaints are. among the points in making a better open source cms, jeffrey veen names a few of the most frustrating for me: hard-coding of site layout in the cms, mixing of content with site administration in the interface, and, sometimes, lax security. 	who doesn’t want a caboose? perhaps it’s the lasting effects of watching the station agent too many times, but i went looking for a place to buy a caboose. they’re big; as much as ′ long, ′ tall, and ′ feet wide. and they’re heavy, perhaps tons. but they can be moved on roads via big trucks and cranes, but then, they also move brick houses. caboose disappeared from the railroads in the s, after about years of service. 	molecular visualization in mac os x a while ago i went looking for alternatives to mdl chime on mac os x, as mdl is still choosing not to support os x. sure, you can run it in netscape .x in classic mode, but that’s getting increasingly frustrating. what’s great about the mac, however, is how many great solutions there are from small developers who take on the “big guys” and do it better. evidence: piotr rotkiewicz’s imol. 	declaring bankruptcy on old stories i often use the maisonbisson blog as a sort of annotated bookmark list, keeping track of the things that catch my interest for one reason or another, things that i’d like to return to or share. but i often get ahead of myself in identifying the things i’d like to look at further and never get around to posting an annotated link here. for those, i’ve been keeping a text file with urls that i’ve sometimes revisited and sometimes posted stories on, but the list is growing, and it’s becoming clear that i won’t ever get to around to posting stories for most of the urls there. 	does size matter? a while ago i asked a friend why short sentences were so pleasing to read and write. he had no answers, but agreed that brevity is its own reward. some (though i can find no reference to it) suggest that technological developments have changed and simplified sentence structure by allowing writers to write and revise freely, while typewriters and pens required forethought and concentration to avoid scribbling out unwanted, half-formed sentences. 	verizon wireless’ wardriving rig (can you hear me now?) it turns out that verizon (and all the other carriers, presumably) really do go around asking “can you hear me now?” the actual test conversation sounds different (possible source?) and the testing is automated, but there really are people out in the world doing real coverage testing. i guess i naively assumed that it was all theoretical and computer modeled, or something. anyway, mobiletracker rode around tampa, fl, with a verizon wireless test guy levy rippy back in february: 	of bricks and progress… this post is about a couple of things. first, it seems cory doctorow has issued dmca takedown notice to the folks at boringboring.org for their parody of doctorow’s boingboing. what nobody knew at the time is that gakker has also been on the scene, doing doctorow parodies, and all. which is where thing ™ comes in: this post about bricks highlights an ongoing concern of mine. what is the real difference between a long-existing thing with a variety of uses, some of them illegal, and the thing not yet developed with a variety of uses, some of them illegal? 	the riaa’s logic and ‘declining’ music sales blogger mark cuban listened politely to riaa chief mitch bainwol stumble into the logically fallacious argument that: it was obvious that illegal downloads were hurting music sales. it was obvious because the advent of file sharing coincided with a decrease in music sales. therefore a lead to b. (i’m quoting cuban, who’s parapharsing from &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ce.org/events/event_info/downloads/industry_leaders_react-ip.pdf&rdquo; title=&quot;bainwol&rsquo;s cea blather speech”&gt;bainwol’s cea blather speech). but instead of arguing with bainwol’s logic — it’s too easy, and too many others are doing it — cuban is using it to prove the contrary. 	archiving realaudio streams on mac os x standard players for rtsp streams like those for realaudio don’t cache the files they download, meaning they require a net connection to operate. i found an ezboard forum message that identified hidownload, net transport, oep-oee and streamdown — windows-only applications that can download rtsp streams and save them to a playable file. but those trick ponies do nothing to help mac users. audiohijack has been around for years now, but it only captures the audio stream as it leaves realplayer and heads off to your mac’s audio output. 	gas prices (finally) affecting car sales? a mainichi daily times story announced today sales of energy-efficient japanese cars soar in u.s. toyota and nissan both saw % sales growth, with toyota’s prius sales jumping to % their numbers from a year ago. honda, which usually wears the energy efficiency leader’s hat, saw a nearly % increase in sales. ever prideful, mdn notes: in sharp contrast, the sales of new cars sold by general motors and other american automakers in march posted decreases from a year earlier. 	tator-tot pizza so my challenge is to prove that i can be both trite and serious in the same day. here, tom chows on tator-tot pizza with ranch dressing and chipotle chile tabasco sauce. it’s part of the tator-tot pizza set at flickr. there’s no good reason to make tator-tot pizza, but we had both, plus all the sauce, so what else is there to do. that’s trite, this is serious. 	serious saturday i’ve lost my way a bit and been posting a bunch of trite stories here lately about my kitchen and in my photoblog. i’m sorry. i have made a few attempts at serious discourse. if you look carefully you’ll see stories on grokster, rfid passports, a library conference, a chilling look at the death penalty in texas. looking a little further back, you’ll find new stories in the very serious copyrights &amp; intellectual property and politics &amp; controversy categories. 	can you eat it? food bets seem harmless, but they look funny. everybody likes the old “can’t eat four saltines in seconds” bet, and it’s likely that many of these foods would never get eaten except on a bet. then there’s the story of two guys who took a bet they could eat ramen noodles — only ramen noodles — for a month. it’s probably apocryphal, but they story ends with them getting scurvy and giving up. 	it’s friday! over at caravie: peace, nonviolence and conflict resolution i found the lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies,lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies, lies music video. also at caravie i found a link to this ‘zine, with a selection of videos, like this one. it’s a perfectly enjoyable way to waste a friday afternoon. [update:] this is confusing. 	new us passports will serve as terrorist beacons i cannot say it any better than it was said in today’s issue of effector: the us state department is pushing for what may be the most misguided and dangerous travel “security” plan ever proposed: putting insecure radio-frequency identification (rfid) chips in all new us passports. these chips would broadcast your name, date of birth, nationality, unique passport number, and any other personal information contained in the passport to anyone with a compatible rfid reader. 	reporting late on grokster these things take time and can often be hard to read, so while we all wanted the high court to look at the entertainment industry lawyers and tell them to take a hike tuesday, we’ll have to wait until summer to know what actually went down. but there is one interesting thing so far… it was in nina totenberg’s wrap-up for npr that alerted me to this turn in the arguments: 	life of a kitchen blueskygirl alerted me to the life of a kitchen group at flickr in a comment on a photo of my remodeled kitchen. so, of course i joined and had to upload a pile of related pictures from my back-file. there’s some great stuff from a bunch of contributors up there, despite the trash i tossed in. in the photo above, sandee makes homefries for a brunch with our neighbors back in july . 	cheap lcds for in-car-computers a powerpage story alerted me to a couple of inexpensive touch-screen lcds: innovatek and lilliput. take this as an update to my story on carputers. that story, of course, connects with mobile carrier networking (with followup), and gps. 	kitchen it was done in quite a rush and there’s some touchup to do yet, but our kitchen is now more complete than it’s been in six years. 	late notes from october library conference i just re-discovered my notes from dartmouth biomedical libraries’ october conference for and found a number of things i wish i’d remembered earlier. academic libraries are facing declining use/circulation of traditional materials (books, print periodicals, fiche, etc). it’s not that students and faculty don’t care about libraries or learning, the problem is that libraries aren’t serving their patrons with the forms of information they need at the time and place they need it. 	considering the death penalty texas executes a lot of people. during the years through , texas executed inmates, making then governor georg w. bush the killingest governor in history. a march amnesty international report titled the death penalty in texas: lethal injustice notes that “public support for the death penalty in texas remains strong,” and a later news release states “texas is so proud of killing people that it issues press releases for the executions it carries out. 	choppin’ ice corey chops ice from my walkway on sunday afternoon. dinner went well, despite worries that our new kitchen wouldn’t be completed in time. i guess i’m a huge fan of pictures with particle action. here’s another, where will cuts it up with a circular saw. 	crunch: three more days there are at least two ways to appreciate easter: to some it’s the most important religious event of the year, while, to others — your hosts here at maisonbisson, for instance — it’s yet another good reason to gather friends and family ’round a table and celebrate good food, good wine, and all that makes us human. but there’s a problem: we dismantled our kitchen last week in anticipation of our new kitchen…which is taking longer to install than i expected. 	the risks of googling one’s self well, actually it was a , but the results are just as scary. there’s a fellow named gerald dewight casey on deathrow in texas and an asian language site has a picture of the bisson battlesuit. 	wifi my world i’m in hooksett today waiting for the my kitchen cabinets to be delivered. why hooksett? because ikea won’t deliver to warren and i’ve got in-laws in hooksett where ikea will deliver. i’ve just setup my old router and wireless base station here, so at least i don’t have to slum it without network. and that’s sort of what this great onion infographic is all about. take note of the point: “facilitates blogging while/about doing laundry. 	of life & death… i’m not sure i could say it any better than david rothman did when he went off topic over at teleread to make note of some important issues related to the terri schiavo matter. rothman points at the bigger issue, but doesn’t come out and say it: all life concludes with death; indeed, the leading cause of death is birth. i’m not being flippant, i mean this. life is filled with serious and difficult choices, including some related to the end of life. 	dis-intermediating pop culture via copyfight via deep links: fiona apple, that grammy award winning gal you remember from the criminal video, apparently put together a third album a couple years back only to have sony music shelve the thing. now that it’s gotten out, her fans are “demanding that sony release the album so they can pay for it.” which fred von lohmann describes as “a substantial noninfringing use of p p networks if i’ve ever seen one. 	sunshine week i’ve failed to live up to my potential this week. i’ve wasted a lot of time on stories about useless video cameras, home theater, whining about my kitchen remodeling, and lamenting some lost stories when i should have been paying attention to sxsw, etech, copyright issues, and sunshine week. please accept my johnny-come-lately mea culpa on all of that. sunshine week is intended to bring public attention to concerns about goverment secrecy. 	shuffleboard fridays joe, tami, sandee, and john throwing weights on the shuffleboard table friday night. extra: shufflboard rules at mastersgames, suffleboard rules at shuffleboard.co.uk. shuffleboard tables and tabletop shuffleboard accessories can also be found online. 	wish i was there: etech just as i was about to cut the future tense blog (from the public radio show of the same name) from my list, jon gordon steps up with a few good stories. of course, he had good material to start with. he’d been at the o’reilly emerging technology conference, and it looks like it was quite a show. many many has a couple notable stories about etech events, including wikipedia and the future of social computing and folksonomy, or how i learned to stop worrying and love the mess. 	your eff needs you a couple stories in the electronic frontier foundation‘s email newsletter need our attention and support. well, they all do, but here’s the most important: grokster: eff this week kicked off a new campaign to celebrate the technological diversity protected by the supreme court’s “betamax ruling,” which found that vendors cannot be held liable for contributory copyright infringement if their products are capable of significant noninfringing (legal) uses. eff will post information about a copying technology with substantial legal uses every weekday leading up to the march th supreme court hearing in mgm v. 	maisonbisson: the lost tapes…. i discovered recently that my content database is [missing a bunch of stories][ ] from the first weeks of . i tempered my feelings of loss with the knowledge that i couldn’t remember the title of more than one of the missing stories. while looking into a question about my out-of-date rss feed today, i discovered that it had clues to the content of twelve of my missing stories. they clearly weren’t that important (what is? 	small video cameras this fiddling with video has me looking for small cheap video cameras. security products has some, but pine computer has them cheaper. better yet, they’ve got a ca sub-mini video camera with interchangable lenses for $ . the standard mm lens has only a degree view angle, but an available (+ $ ) . mm lens should result in a much more useful degree view. the cameras all have composite ntsc outputs, but a usb video converter make them “digital. 	home theater there are bigger problems in the world than my home theater, but that’s not what this entry is about. i’ll get back to political ranting in a while, but for now — now that i have &lt;a href=&rdquo;/post/ &rdquo; title=&quot;a cheap inexpensive projector”&gt;a cheap inexpensive projector — i’m interested in figuring out how to play videos from my computer. some people don’t need to ask why, but for those who do, let me offer this: most the video i create is better seen on the small screen, but fair-use dvd rips and content downloaded from the internet film archive. 	liability & license it turns out that the quicken website is full of legal tips and advice. what caught my eye was a description of implied warranties. implied warranties don’t come from anything a seller says or does. they arise automatically when a product is sold. under the uniform commercial code, there are two kinds of implied warranties: that the product is fit for its ordinary use, and that the product is fit for any special use the seller knows about. 	loss i discovered today that my content database is missing about entries from the first weeks of . the feeling of loss is pretty thick, but i get these feelings pretty easily — hey, don’t pick on me. of the stories, i can only remember the content of one of them. i think the story was titled “web apps rocked ” or something like that and was basically all about the goodness of xmlhttprequest. 	too exhausted, busy to blog i’ve got to tear down the last cabinet, get all the junk to the dump, clean, spot-sand and clearcoat the floors, and…. i probably won’t get it all done today. watch yesterday’s video for an idea of what’s going on, otherwise, today is re-run day. the archives are yours to explore. 	kitchen destruction time-lapse movie it’s all part of the plan, but this is a bigger mix effort and uncertainty than expected. i’d hoped to have everything cleared from the kitchen by mid-day, but i’ve got another cabinet to remove sunday. the uncertainty? we don’t yet have the new cabinets in hand. if those are delayed, we could be without a kitchen for quite a while. worse: we’re hosting easter and i’ve only got next weekend to install the cabinets and put the kitchen back together. 	“shred it!” engadget‘s got a story about ssi shredding systems and their action videos of their equipment doing the job on refrigerators, medical waste, steel drums, couches, concrete, boats…. engadget reccomends the washing machine video “for its rather endearing inclusion of one of the bystanders’ enthusiastic cries of ‘shred it!'” 	best new music trilok gurtu and robert miles on miles_gurtu listen in at itunes or amazon. bonobo’s dial m for monkey listen in at itunes or amazon. bonobo’s animal magic listen in at itunes or amazon. the bad plus give listen in at itunes or amazon. 	virtual kvm solutions folks are increasingly aware of screen sharing apps like vnc, but what about solutions that allow you to control multiple computers with a single keyboard and mouse? back in the day, there was an interesting macos hack that would send mouse and keyboard input from one computer to another (after some very easy configuration), today, in the days of os x, i can find two solutions: the powerpage tipped me off to kmremotecontrol a while ago. 	…and copyright law is broken too (duh!) i was looking for a way to includes these in my story about the brokeness of patent law, but they just wouldn’t fit. so here they are separately. increasingly, content owners are taking advantage of the vagaries of the “public domain” to make us pay for rights we used to take for granted. for instance, when you buy a chair, you expect to be able to use it however you wish. 	cliff likes the ‘works a flash and long manual exposure caught cliff and me setting up the ‘works, then their launch and aerial explosion on a cold night in january. the camera sat on my mitten in the snow while luck worked in my favor to get a couple good shots (and not burn my camera). just to be clear: neither of us was anywhere near the launch tube when the ‘works went off. 	today is warren’s town meeting day meeting has come and gone. the issue in the selectmen’s letter was postponed indefinitely and the meeting adjourned around : pm. 	on rss, taxonomies and folksonomies copyfight went somewhat off topic to point out joshua porter’s paper on how content aggregators change navigation and control of content at user interface engineering. this quote says exactly what i needed: every time someone makes a list, be it on a blog […] or a list of groceries, content is aggregated. the act of aggregating content (usually content that is alike in some way) makes it more understandable. instead of looking at a whole field of information, you choose smaller, more logical subsets of it in the hopes of understanding those. 	“so computers were worthless ten years ago?” jenny, the shifted librarian, related a story that show’s her son’s innate understanding of metcalfe’s law. here’s a completely truncated quote: “…before you were born, there wasn’t really an internet or the web or email. there was a very basic form for people in the military and at universities, but there were no web sites to visit and no web games to play.” “so computers were worthless ten years ago? 	all conversations in warren revolve around heat on jan th i noted that i’d burned through half my wood pellets for the season. i’ve burned another bags since, making it three quarters of my pellets for the season. now i’m hoping it feels a lot springier by early april, when my last bags will likely run out. 	what’s your nerd score? there in my referrer tags was planetilug.draiocht.net (though i can’t figure out why), where i found a link to the nerd test. two posters who’d taken it scored and . just as gareth easton said “i thought i’d give it a go… i answered truthfully (i’m ashamed to admit) ;-)” my score? th percentile: supreme nerd. apply for a professorship at mit now!!! of course, i’m a sucker for even the most ridiculous of personality tests. 	cuttin’ it up will cuts stuff up like…well, like a guy who cuts stuff. true to form, cliff points. they were over last saturday helping with with some remodeling projects. the luan is going to cover the bits of old horsehair plaster that still cling to the lath in the closet of what is becoming our laundry room. more of will and cliff can be seen in the plastics museum and museum of bad art, all part of the weird museum tour . 	vacation in the luxury of my own home i’m taking a spot of vacation here. expect nothing more from me today, and not much more in the days to come. — – — as before, the flickr photos have nothing to do with the post. and, no, this is not at all like martha‘s house arrest thing. 	sweet deal on home theater projector the sharp pg-b s projector isn’t the best out there, but it rates pretty well according to projectorcentral.com. their stats show it to be a lumen, × projector with a : contrast ratio and a long lamp life of up to hours. the projectorcentral.com user reviews suggest it has a good picture with great color rendition. macuser uk concluded: the pg-b s showed excellent detail from our presentation slides, with accurate colours and well-defined text, and it coped particularly well with solid blocks of colour. 	stay free!: copyright activists the are few things as joyus as the excitement of discovery, so it was a great pleasure to learn that stay free! magazine has a new blog: stay free! daily. the blog has a number of stories about intellectual freedom and copyright oppression that resonated with me. take a look at silent disobedience, christo’s policy of photographing the gates, and wizard people screening in nyc. anybody following discussion of the fcc’s broadcast flag mandate will be amused by an old movie studio and broadcaster psa arguing against subscription tv services. 	beware the cheap pc; beware the company that advertises them i’ve been saying for years that there’s no such thing as a cheap pc, but now a class action lawsuit against dell is claiming the same. according to arstechnica: it accuses dell of bait and switch tactics along with breach of contract, fraud and deceit in sales and advertising, and false advertising. the computer manufacturer is accused of advertising low-priced computers to consumers, but when consumers try to to buy the advertised machines, they find they are not available at the specified price. 	food and kitchen gadgets gizmodo just popped two stories about kitchen or food related gadgets that i love: a knife block worth having and a banana wrapper you didn’t know you needed. i might as well link to the sites themselves, as i can’t really think of anything to add: banana bunker and viceversa knife block. 	picture phone threats: they’re not what you think in a story that couldn’t have been much better timed, arstechnica is reporting on a camera system from that reads license plates and automatically looks up vehicle registration details. with some glibness, the article claims: “you just drive around and point the camera — it’s that easy!” though, it does note: as previously unconnected networks and systems integrate, this will increasingly be the case, and as scott mcneally said way back in , when sun microsystems had a bright and shiny future, “you have zero privacy anyway, get over it. 	(re-)programming the sony rm-v multifunction remote control in case you find the batteries dead, and the programming lost, sony’s instructions for configuring the rm-v multifunction remote control are online. you’ll have a heck of a time finding them, however, what with all the lousy epinions and nextag listings getting in the way. ignore those. codes for all the rest of sony’s remotes are online too. here are some seeds for google and the others: sony remote control codes for programming sony multifunction remote controls, like the rm-v are online at sony remote control support site. 	macs vs. pcs: tables turned? yale daily news reports on how windows is increasingly being pushed aside by macos x and linux. according to the article, yale information technology services’ registration records show that nearly percent of university students and percent of faculty choose macs over windows pcs. this is quite a change from the late s, when university it departments made news by trying to eliminate macs from their campuses. so what’s going on? 	iug : library portal integration & xml server applications elaine allard and i will be presenting on library portal integration at the iug in san francisco, ca. the session is scheduled for the : to : time slot on wednesday. from the program description: portal integration: what works at plymouth state university lamson library began its portal integration in with the launch of plymouth state university’s first portal, myplymouth. within this single point of service students can register for classes and check their grades, faculty can review their rosters and post grades, staff can review benefits and vacation time, and, of course, everybody can use the library. 	extra quotes most of these are a rehash, but i like them…. — – — a zdnet news article from december remarks: “apple buyers tend to have higher incomes and greater technological sophistication than the pc audience as a whole.” — – — regarding the first time her phone was hacked, a spokesperson for paris hilton is said to have claimed: she was pretty upset about it. it’s one thing to have people looking at your sex tapes, but having people reading your personal e-mails is a real invasion of privacy. 	international symbols enterprise language solutions has an interesting brief by yves lang on how to use symbols and icons in localization. cultural differences challenge the design and implementation of icons and symbols for international use. what is meaningful and natural for one group may be ambiguous, unintelligible, or arbitrary for another. fundamentally, communication is subjective, as a person’s perceptions are influenced by their environment. since their start in the olympics, the number of icons has grown remarkably. 	feature: privacy in the st century this is the story that gives me an excuse to name paris hilton here at maisonbisson. here’s a fact of st century life: pieces of our life that, taken one by one, are seemingly insignificant are being gathered and indexed by a handful of companies that re-sell that data to phone marketers, the cia, and many others. information that we recognize as somewhat more significant and often more private, like our driving records and tax information, gets sold and traded right along with the rest of it. 	feeling very sleepy around noon saturday sandee asked “why don’t we go to ikea?” the closest one is in new haven, connecticut, and we got there around pm. they close at pm, but after loading our u-haul, it was almost pm when we got on the road. we got back to the house around am, and now, after too little sleep, sandee has me assembling the catch. in short: no meaningful updates today. 	today in sports: le parkour troy pointed wildly and excitedly at a video showing his new favorite sport: le parkour. the video appeared on a site normally devoted to the fun of macromedia’s flash communications server: i recently saw the film film ‘jump britain’ on channel and was impressed by what i consider is an art form. it’s like skateboarding without skateboards, brilliant. le parkour consists of finding new and often dangerous ways through the city landscape — scaling walls, roof-running and leaping from building to building. 	retro handsets for mobile phones pokia is setting the world on fire with their retro phone handsets. they’re taking apart phones from the s s and s and rewiring the handsets to plug into today’s mobile phones. they’re selling on ebay, but most of the offerings are knock-offs. now mobilemag reports that boost mobile, the carrier that sells overpriced wood veneered handests is taking the idea mainstream. their retro phone handset has the look of a s, bakelite molded phone, but, i presume, without that funky feel that old bakelite has. 	feature: patent law is broken us patent laws are broken. adam b. jaffe and josh lerner say so. their ieee article is filled with equal measures of anecdotes and facts about why patent law is doing more to limit advancement in the arts and science than to support it. and that isn’t just wrong, it’s unconstitutional. there are a lot of ways to interpret the us constitution, but article , section is quite clear: “to promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. 	shameless commerce my beef t-shirts aren’t exactly mass market, so it’s a pleasure to see sales to california ( ), florida ( ), illinois ( ), kansas ( ), new york ( ), ohio ( ), oklahoma ( ), pennsylvania ( ), and washington ( ). i’ve just added a beef trucker’s hat for real retro fashion. it’s also a pleasure to see that the other designs are selling a bit too. brocolli and stump are the most popular (behind beef), but swine, cream filled, and killer get some attention. 	unusual hotels i recently discovered unusual hotels of the world, “the online guide for travelers interestedinstaying somewhere truly different,” and was pleasantly surprised to find a few hotels in north america i’d like to check in to some day. jules undersea lodge. source. want to slay a night under water? jules undersea lodge in key largo, florida, is for you. i have secret interest in trains, so i’d like to know more about the station restaurant &amp; sleeping cars in ithaca, new york, and the aurora express of fairbanks, alaska. 	google maps rock, hacking them rocks more people are going wild{# } over google maps, but i honestly didn’t get too excited about it until i saw glen murphy’s movin gmap project. it’s a python script that reads location data from a connected gps and pans the gmap to follow. upon seeing this hack of gmaps, i went looking for more. hack a day shows us how to get maps for a set of decimal coordinates from both terraserver and gmap (terrabrowser will do some of this for macos x). 	students take academic technology into their own hands jenny levine, the shifted librarian, points out a recent survey that finds % of us college students own a cell phone. nationally, . million americans have cell phones. and cell phones aren’t just for talking, as we americans are sending . billion text messages a month. jenny’s point: “you can tell yourself that these trends won’t affect libraries, but you’d just be burying your head in the sand.” coincidentally, ken “caesar” fisher posted at arstechnica about student technology trends as well: 	all about stainless steel i’ve been contemplating the idea of welding/fabricating a stainless steel counter top, but i’ve never attempted any welding before, and most people say stainless steel is difficult to work with. thanks to this pdf, i know everything there is to know about stainless steel finishes, but nothing about working with the material. azom, “the premier on-line materials information site, supplier and expert directory” has a guide to stainless steel fabrication with rules for machining, welding, soldering, and brazing the various types of stainless. 	inflate & collapse two perfectly paired books: blow-up by sean topham and collapsible by per mollerup. one explores inflatable forms in art, architecture, and science. the other explores the somewhat broader range of things whose size and shape are meant to change as their use changes. they both look absolutely delightfull. . 	moving about on one, two, or three-wheels we’ve come to expect certain things. cars have four wheels, for instance. and we expect two-wheeled vehicles look like bikes or motorcycles or scooters. then came the segway a few years ago and shifted the two-wheeled concept around. now, a number of stories regarding vehicles of one, two, and three wheels have come out. they’re all interesting, some are awkward, some are to die for. one wheel wheelsurf. 	snow day! as cliff likes to say, “cur-tailed, the sweetest two words in the english language.” the snow started falling wednesday night and didn’t stop. even now, big, puffy flakes like oversized cotton balls are falling. [update:] photos added. also, here’s a snowy panorama from early january. 	geolocation tagging photos there’s a new version of jeff early’s gps photo linker, which allows you to combine tracks from your gps (time and position data) with your photos (time and image data), so you end up with a bunch of photos with embeded gps coordinates. jeff notes: apple has confirmed that macos . will support the gps metadata tags in photos. this will open up a whole realm of opportunities for users and developers to take advantage of the position data on photos. 	conspicuous consumption: the plan after some scraping and saving, and our refinancing, we’re remodeling our kitchen. our first attempt at doing this failed when i realized — too late — that i’m not actually capable of making cabinets. by that time, we’d filled the kitchen with a bunch of poorly made and unfinished junk. sure, there’s a sink and a fridge and stove top and an oven, but there’s one counter that’s been bare plywood for five years now, and there’s a bunch of other stuff that can never be finished because it was never built according to a plan that would ever actually work. 	marmite today i give props to bunchofpants‘s flickr photoset on marmite. i don’t really know what marmite is, but the marmite faq claims: marmite is dark brown-colored savory spread made from the yeast that is a by-product of the brewing industry. it has a very strong, slightly salty flavor. it is definitely a love-it-or-hate-it type of food. and, yes, marmite competes with vegemite, and both appear to be made of the same stuff. 	fast sofa…imac g fast there are a lot of folks who will tell you how “wrong” it is that apple integrates the monitor and computer in so many models, so i guess there’s a bunch of them that will tell you the same thing about how bluebroc is integrating the a sweet-looking couch and an imac g . “you’ll have to replace your couch every time you upgrade your computer! gosh (said napoleon-style).” there are probably even people that recommend dis-integrating the ipod from its display. 	ipod giggles ipod giggles **»** paul bourke, of the astronomy department at swinburne university of technology, has developed an ipod stereoscope. his system uses a pair of ipods in an old-style stereoscope viewer to display stereo-matched photos. » somebody at iaxb has come up with some renderings of a giant ipod shuffle sitting around the house like he or she owns the place. » more enlighteningly, canadian broadcasting corp. has a story on the the evolution of portable audio. 	standing up for clam juice okay, so i’ve been doing at least a post a day since about september and a few people got concerned when i missed a couple days{# }, but i am alive. gosh (said napoleon style). i’d probably pass on posts again today, but i was looking recent comments on my flickr photoblog and got a smile when i found evil angela‘s defense of clam juice: you know, it’s kind of like fish sauce. 	folksonomy is my new love okay, i’m excited about folksonomies. my introduction to tags was at flickr, where i’ve been amused at how they help connect people, photos, and concepts. then jenny levine at the shifted librarian started talking about them, with david rothman at teleread echoing and expanding many of her points. that was about when i found many to many, where i read about technorati’s tag project (plus documentation). wanna see it in action? 	copyright terrorism the dunhuang grottoes are one of china’s richest archaeological treasures. built during the th through th centuries, they are a , -year-old ancient art gallery of cave architecture, sculptures and murals. rediscovered in , the region has been listed on the unesco world heritage list since . despite over years of exploration and study, the mysteries of the grottoes are as great as the lessons they teach us. now, it would seem that the dunhuang academy is claiming ownership of all images associated with these year old treasures. 	looking for the energy drink tv ad? based on the search terms people come to this site with, i know that there’s a bunch of folks looking for the “energy drink ad,” or “k-fee tv commercial,” or “scary german,” or some such. most people end up finding my story about zygo energy vodka, and completely miss my story about the (deceptively titled) serene, calming video where i first linked the energy drink tv. let me eliminate the confusion now. 	all conversations in warren revolve around heat i have burned . tons of wood pellets so far this winter. the significance of the number isn’t its size, though . tons is a lot. the significance is that it represents bags of pellets, each pounds. the significance is that it represents about half of the pellets i’d purchased for the heating season. by the almanac, it looks like i should have ordered more pellets, as we’re not yet at midwinter and i’ll probably run out. 	big bear photos circulating my dad forwarded me the following pictures and story: these pictures are of a guy who works for the us forest service in alaska and his trophy bear. he was out deer hunting last week when a large grizzly bear charged him from about yards away. the guy unloaded his mm mag semi-automatic rifle into the bear and it dropped a few feet from him. the big bear was still alive so he reloaded and shot it several times in the head. 	language is of the people i am always amazed at the lengths we’ll go through to communicate or express or simply transliterate an idea, and further amazed at how we represent the result. take this for instance: th string| --- --- --- -- -- ---- - - - - - - - --- - -- - once you figure it out, you’ll likely not be able to get it out of your head. and this: sort of related, and much more ridiculous. 	wikipedia vs. brittannica; folksonomy vs. taxonomy a post on techdirt notes: you may recall that we somehow got involved in a bizarre battle over wikipedia, when i got into a discussion with a reporter who told me that wikipedia was “outrageous,” “repugnant” and “dangerous,” mainly because it’s not reviewed by “professionals.” despite a valiant effort, i was unable to ever convince the reporter, al fasoldt, that regular encyclopedias, complete with their experts, make mistakes too — and, in fact, the problem is that those encyclopedias can’t then be updated and fixed. 	the tyranny of copyright last week i pointed to will shetterly’s “the people who owned the bible” as an example of what might happen if copyright/intellectual property law continues to favor short term commercial interests over long term public interests. it’s worth noting that the original copyright laws, developed in s britain, allowed for only a seven year monopoly (that’s what copyright is, after all). us law started by doubling that to . the current term is or years, but it doesn’t matter because the music and film industries will lobby congress in a few years to make it or so. 	cold weather operations force powerbook pmu reset batteries don’t work well in the cold, and with the - °f nights we’ve had, i think i can say it’s been cold here lately. i woke my powerbook from sleep in sub-freezing temperatures this morning and got a few minutes of work out of it before it put itself to sleep again. i popped it into my computer bag and ran off to work, where i was troubled to find it refusing to wake from sleep — even when plugged into the ac adapter in a warm room. 	using your mobile phone as modem i’ve been following cell-carrier wireless data options here at maisonbisson (here and here), but i have to admit that i don’t actually use any such solutions. i live and work (and usually travel) in range of ethernet and wifi, so i might get a pass on this but the real reason is laziness. engadget has a nice write-up on the process with cdma-based phones like the ones you get from sprint and verizon. 	edward tufte gives presentation advice edward tufte‘s passion is the graphical display of information. but his nemsis the visual lie. so naturally, he has a special dislike for powerpoint. his poster on the cognitive style of powerpoint gave me this line, which i will likely find myself repeating at a time when it is both most accurate and most politically suicidal to do so: why are we having this meeting? the rate of information transfer is asymptotically approaching zero. 	palm travel guides mypalmlife is running a story about some new travel guides that run on your palm-powered device. produced as a collaboration between rough guides and visual it, they also support pocketpc and symbion devices. london, paris, rome, new york, and san francisco are available now at an introductory price of $ each. “further cities will be released over the coming months.” according to the website, the rough guide city maps include: 	feds go beyond carnivore; artists embrace carnivore defensetech reports that the fbi has given up on carnivore, the electronic snooping application that it used to force on isps serving suspects. it seems that the folks in dark suits are now using commercial software instead. this probably has no effect on artists — yes, artists — who use an open source app inspired by the feds as the center of their networked interactive art. called carnivorepe, it’s the back-end of over two dozen art installations, most graphically: police state. 	microsoft: bad for browsers; bad for air travel i just discovered this is broken and couldn’t help but explore the archives. first i discovered brill.com‘s weird search results. the problem is that a search for bond funds returns a list of stories that have little to do with financial news. it looks like somebody has entered a bunch of bogus stories in their database. they might have been hacked, but i’d be more suspicious of a disgruntled employee. the saddest part is that the problem was reported on september , and they haven’t fixed it yet. 	browse happy browse happy, by the the web standards project is urging people to give up on microsoft’s internet explorer. their solution? firefox, mozilla, opera, and safari. 	mac os x performance questions i was a little bummed to find my cpu busy all morning yesterday. and though i still don’t understand exactly what was causing it, it seems no longer to be a problem. a lot of people don’t know how to see what their mac is doing, to see what it’s busy with. here are some hints: start with activity monitor in applications &gt; utilities. from there you can see and sort applications and processes that are running on your computer. 	problems and pre-dated stories due to problems with the site all this week, a couple of time-sensitive stories that i wrote but coudn’t post have now been posted with pre-dated timestamps. i’ve been following every news item about the mac mini with likely more interest than it deserves. what can i say, i like the little computer. as it turns out, the mini is smaller than it looks in the pitures. and thinking of pictures, a few shots of bill gates vogueing with circa- computer equipment started circulating early this week. 	candy karen forwarded me a link to juicy panic‘s “you drive me oh oh oh” video by torisukoshiro + autophene. more animation and illustration by torisukoshiro is linked from the main site. then she sent me this link to how strange, a site full of odd, interesting, and weird images. . . . 	palm news & goodies gizmodo mentioned the new garmin ique a gps palm for pilots this morning. there’s a long write up about it at mypalmlife, but the gizmodo story linked to palm . once there, i found a link to instructions on putting the wikipedia on a palm. well, you’ll need a gb sd card, but that’s okay, right? it all depends on tomeraider, an interesting app and fileformat for searchable, hyper-linked e-content. palm is also running a contest to win a free copy of trip boss, an all-in-one travel manager. 	problems happen my hosting provider has a us-based datacenter and uk-based staff. it’s an odd mix that may or may not be helpful when things go all to heck, like they did on saturday and again on tuesday. the first acknowledgment of the problem saturday explained that “the server is reporting a kernel panic.” then four hours later, it was reported that “there is a major fault with the boot sector and kernel on the server prevent it from loading into the lilo prompt, or booting from a new kernel due to damage. 	mac mini vs. cheapo pcs charles jade at arstechnica has written both a mac mini preview and a macworld expo show walkthrough. the expo is about a lot more than the stevenote, and jade does a fine job walking us about the show floor. also entertaining is an osviews story on the mac mini that concludes the mini is far less expensive than home-built pcs. not that there aren’t a lot of people arguing with that conclusion in the comments. 	the mac mini is _small_ i said the mac mini was the reincarnation of the cube last week, but gizmodo has posted a picture of the two, um, together. we all knew the mini was small, but this shows how reall small it is. the unoffical apple weblog has a list of things people are planning to do with their mini as soon as they get their hands on one. now add to that list a mini-based synthesizer. 	where’s my video jukebox? yesterday i posted a story about using a mac mini in my home entertainment center. i noted that i’d already replaced my cd player with itunes on an old imac and i wondered if i could do the same for dvds. i ignored the facts that some provisions of the dmca may make this illegal. the music revolution was made possible because courts recognize our right to encode cds from our collection as mp s, and cds (mostly) lack copy protections that prevent us from doing that. 	bill g just wants to be cool gizmodo has two pictures of a young bill gates vogueing on a desk with . -inch floppies and a circa- pc monitor. oh, wait, is that a mac on his desk behind him? the pics were reportedly published in tiger beat, and gizmodo is offering a reward for the original issue. update david heisler wrote to gizmodo to offer this correction and detail: [those] are not from tiger beat. according to snopes. 	mac mini as media player more than a few people are looking at the mac mini as a new component in their home entertainment center. cds are unknown in our house, where itunes and an old imac entirely replaced our five disc changer some time ago. correction: cds are used as an input medium. new cds are ripped into itunes on their first play, then left to gather dust on the shelf. video seems ripe for a similar shift, and to many, the mini looks like the perfect platform for it. 	michale stephen’s twelve techie things michael stephens’ twelve techie things for librarians deserves a look. user-centered technology planning, rss, acnd convergence lead his list, but other items speak directly to the role of the library in the internet age. 	pmachine discontinued, where to next? i learned today that pmachine pro — the software behind this site — has been discontinued. i’d expected the announcement for some time, seeing it today reminded me that i should be looking for a new blog/cms solution. expression engine has largely replaced pmachine, and i know at least one person running it, so i’ll likely be giving it another look soon. i’ve got a list of things i’d like to solve here, so this news sort of fits. 	oil star this super-cool s-styled logo adorns the side of a trailer in the backwoods of new hampshire. more photos from maisonbisson 	jailed for a song trying to quote lyrics for his book, planet simpson to understand how current copyright law is already limiting legitimate work. lots more stories of copyright law gone amok in the maisonbisson copyrights &amp; intellectual property index. 	the tyranny of copyright if you read nothing else all year, read this. will shetterly’s “the people who owned the bible” is a tale of copyright gone amok. it’s the clearest, plainest, and funniest of all such works i’ve seen. note: my title is based on a new york times story about copyright from a while back. am i in trouble? 	steve jobs introduces ipod shuffle in his macworld expo keynote today, steve jobs introduced the ipod shuffle. from macnn: apple introduces ipod shuffle…flash based player. smaller than most packs of gum. weighs the same as quarters (less than ounce). volume/up dow. simple led to provide feedback. no display. either shuffle or album-based playback. usb transfer connector under connector at the bottom. -hour rechargeable battery. 	steve jobs introduces mac mini steve jobs, in his keynote at macworld expo today reintroduced a redesigned mac cube as the mac mini. from macnn: apple introduces mac mini. new member of mac family slot-load combo optical drive. play dvds, burn cds. quiet. tiny. firewire, ethernet, usb . , both dvi/vga output. very tiny. height is half the size of an ipod mini. byodkm. bring your own display, keyboard, mouse. 	vonage wifi voip handset is real all the world is atwitter about vonage’s new wifi voip phone today. wifinetnews got the hint from engadget, who appears to have broken the story today, and links to a usa today story that says: with a wi-fi phone, they could make internet calls from home without the need to run wires to the broadband line. customers could use the phone number of their existing vonage service or a new one for no extra fee. 	video fix today might be [wierd|strange|funny|scary] video day. or something. these are probably not safe for work, though your mileage may vary. here’s the list of things found last night: rainbow the site explains/claims: “rainbow was a credible children’s tv show from the s and s. this clip was actually broadcast and watched by millions. …there’s no way these could have been done by accident. innuendo all the way.” supermodelmeat 	classic and independent movie theaters a story in the december /january issue of arthur frommer’s budget travel magazine alerted me to ross melnick and andreas fuchs’s cinema treasures. it was an annotated list of seven theaters still operating today: cape cinema: this dennis, mass., theater was built to look like a church. the senator theatre: a -year-old art moderne classic, it shows new releases in baltimore. oriental theatre: head to milwaukee for this $ . 	the future of libraries roderick (also, check out roderick’s new blog) forwarded me a story about the challenges facing academic libraries from the chronicle of higher education. the author, dennis dillon, whose full title is associate director for research services at the libraries of the university of texas at austin, begins by relating a conversation: “couldn’t you move your technology to mumbai and hire some english-speaking indian librarians to catalog the books and answer reference questions over the web? 	backfill i should admit to it now before it becomes a scandal. i backfilled some content this weekend. some of it is stuff that i wrote in the past for work (edited for publication here), but i feel may have some public value. specifically, two stories about wireless: one about its vulnerabilities and another about (then) current practices in the academic community. i also posted my wife’s first story for maisonbisson: a recipe for fish tacos. 	a decadent and debauched slave of foreign culture i first learned of wei hui and her first book shanghai baby on npr a few years ago. according to the story, wei hui is among a “group of young, attractive women known as the ‘beautiful writers’ churning out novels that graphically describe the hedonism of modern urban china.” wei hui’s book was so controversial that it chinese authorities banned it, causing a nearly immediate surge in popularity at home and abroad. 	 tech roundup it’s getting a little late for these roundup things, but i’m too tired with post-new year’s party haze to come up with much of anything better right now. annalee newitz subtitles her website with “technology, pop culture, sex.” her index of stories isn’t actually a roundup per se, but it’s good material if you’re too lazy to leave the couch and find a book to re-read off the shelf (because you’ve read all you new books by now, right? 	wrapping up a year of controversy alternet had a good line of stories this weekend to round up the old year and ring in the new. i’m running a little late on such things here at maisonbisson, so let me just quote from theirs instead. — – — daniel kurtzman’s list of the dumbest quotes of includes this doozy at the number spot: “all of a sudden, we see riots, we see protests, we see people clashing. 	slacking is universal in yet another reminder from mainichi daily news that american’s and japanese aren’t so different, now they’re reporting: coeds say college guys ‘childish, irresponsible, stupid.’ a survey of female students selected from universities located in either osaka, kyoto or kobe reveals: a majority of the women polled said that their main impression of male students is that they are childish, the . percent given to the most frequent answer followed by the percent who thought guys are kind and . 	ipod hacks hack-a-day has just given me the best reason i’ve seen yet to take a closer look at ipod linux: audio input without the cheap dohicky accessories and at up to khz x bit. the five step instructions couldn’t be much simpler (well, it might be more complex once a person actually tries it, but the comments suggest good success). hack-a-day is covering lots of ipod hacks (much to the consternation of some readers, but they’re just jealous ’cause they don’t have one). 	terminal holiday for k+ i got to spend the holidays near home this year, and with everything else going on i didn’t really pay much attention to the comair/delta problem that stranded over , passengers last weekend. now that i’m starting to pay attention to the news again, though, i was interested in arstechnica‘s discussion of the software glitch that made everything go wrong: at the core of the problem was an application created by sbs, a subsidiary of boeing. 	let fly the macworld rumors everybody is gaga (links: one — two — three — four) over the thinksecret story: apple to drop sub-$ mac bomb at expo. many people in the mac community have been agitating for a low-end ‘headless’ mac to compete on price against cheap pcs. the rumored specs include: . ghz g cpu mb ram combo drive – gb hard drive usb . 	national geographic society not so environmentally conscious i know i’m complaining here, but national geographic seems to have done this wrong. i purchased the complete national geographic — years of national geographic on cd-rom a few years ago. the collection of cds is an archive of every page of every issue published from through . it was a joy to explore that archive, but let’s face it, i wasn’t spending every night doing it. today i got the notion to reinstall it to search for something, but discovered that the application is far out of date and no bug fixes are available. 	google the economist has a very concise explanation of how google works, and how it became today’s dominant search engine. mr brin’s and mr page’s accomplishment was to devise a way to sort the results by determining which pages were likely to be most relevant. they did so using a mathematical recipe, or algorithm, called pagerank. this algorithm is at the heart of google’s success, distinguishing it from all previous search engines and accounting for its apparently magical ability to find the most useful web pages. 	high speed wireless michael sciannamea at wirelessweblog noted that: bmw, audi, daimler chrysler, volkswagen, renault, and fiat have all received grants from the german government to develop a car-to-car wireless data network using . a and ipv technologies to link vehicles to each other to pass on information about traffic, bad weather, and accidents. they’re calling it “now: network on wheels,” and there’s more at wi-fiplanet.com. my comment: static mesh networks are so . 	chernobyl followup i posted a story about a tour through chernobyl a few weeks ago. the story still gets a lot of hits, and somebody pointed out a few related wikipedia links about the accident, the ghost town, and the controversy about elena filatova, the author of everybody’s favorite online chernobyl tour story. separately, peace.ca reminds us about the dangers of war, nuclear contamination, and more. 	free palm apps, now easier to find jon aquino‘s holiday gift to us is to make freewarepalm useful: why this work was necessary: freewarepalm contains a goldmine of ratings of palm freeware. but it does not provide a way to sort the programs by rating. that is why i extracted the ratings and sorted them. with over listings, there’s a lot to choose from, but, as jon says, no way to sort those listings. jon has crawled freewarepalm with “cygwin lynx, xemacs, and a -line ruby script” and done what freewarepalm couldn’t: made a list of apps sorted by rating. 	heart warming holiday tale for hackers i recently stumbled across ron avitzur’s story of the the development of graphing calculator, the little application that makes complex math easy to visualize. if there was a collection of essays titled “chicken soup for the silicon valley soul,” this would be included. pacific tech’s graphing calculator has a long history. i began the work in while in school. that became milo, and later became part of framemaker. over the last twenty years, many people have contributed to it. 	requisite holiday email forward mark turski‘s holiday message: avoid carrot sticks. anyone who puts carrots on a holiday buffet table knows nothing of the christmas spirit. in fact, if you see carrots, leave immediately. go next door, where they’re serving rum balls. drink as much eggnog as you can. and quickly. like fine single-malt scotch, it’s rare. in fact, it’s even rarer than single-malt scotch. you can’t find it any other time of year but now. 	happy holidays the warren rocket stands in the the snow on december , . 	happy holidays photo taken december , , just north of warren on nh route c. the snow is real (and much deeper now), but i added the lights for the holidays. regular updates to maisonbisson will return after a short holiday break. 	coincidence is too general a term engadget had a laugh over a story in the keene sentinel: so the other day a ups driver in new hampshire was on his way to the cheshire medical center in keene to deliver some much-needed parts for a piece of medical equipment when he got into acrash. he suffered a head injury and was taken by ambulance to the very same hospital he was headed to, but they weren’t able to do any of the tests they needed because the brain scan machine was broken — and the parts needed to fix it were sitting in his wrecked truck on the highway. 	apple fans mod macs joseph deruvo jr.’s i-tablet is this year’s mac mod. wired’s leander kahneyusually covers the story, but deruvo published this one himself at macmod. kahney covered jeff paradiso’s converted ibook tablet as part of his story on mac modders. he followed that up in with a story about a pyramid-shaped powermac that glowed blue. the mac mod thing is international, as kahney points out in this story about japan’s mac mod culture. 	cross-country journeys in time-lapse i feel a tinge of jealousy every time i see something like this: lacquer sound’s road trip. similar: i covered matt frondorf’s mile markers project a while back. (picture from mile markers). 	gary webb: a journalist who dared alternet ran an interesting story about gary webb‘s recent suicide and the events that may have led to it. webb was the -year-old former pulitzer-winning reporter who in , while working for the san jose mercury news, touched off a national debate with a three-part series that linked the cia-sponsored nicaraguan contras to a crack-dealing epidemic in los angeles and other american cities. the resulting firestorm swept the country. 	fcc’s complaint system gamed i’ve got a backlog o stories to post here, including this old one about broadcast programming complaints to the fcc. the fcc reports that it received a mere complaints in , but , in . so what can account for the nearly -x increase? the fcc did some homework on the matter: according to a new fcc estimate obtained by mediaweek, nearly all indecency complaints in — . 	gps happy my brother and his wife surprised me with a rayming tn- gps this holiday season. what’s so great about it? it’s a tiny usb powered brick that interfaces easily with a laptop. the plan? wardriving (yes, it’s sooo three years ago), better geolocation while traveling, matching gps coordinates to photos, and as much mayhem as can be had with a computer-connected gps. software options rayming is mac friendly enough to offer a page of links to mac gps resources and include the necessary driver on the cd. 	seacoast industry sometimes a story will popup as a clear reminder that the world is not always as it seems. i will admit both surprise and amusement when i found that foster’s daily democrat reported saturday on the content of a federal indictment of a kittery, maine, health club. geography lesson: foster’s covers new hampshire’s seacoast — all miles of it — and kittery is a shopping destination squished into the southernmost corner of maine. the indictment accuses gary h. reiner of running “an interstate prostitution ring.” foster’s reports that the club has operated under various names, most recently the “danish health club,” owned by “kittery health club inc.” reiner was apparently both the owner of the club and the former town council chairman and had a role in shaping the local regulations of spas and health clubs. the story clearly had some history, and i’m fortunate the web, and foster’s archives, can educate me. 	displaying word docs and pdfs in safari royce asked: how can i disable or tweak download manager so that files can be read in line with the download and manually launch through the download manager? i want to be able to click on a pdf or word doc and have it open inline without having the download manager handle it to the desktop first. context: some people say the inline display of pdf and word documents enables bad habits that are making the web less accessible and harder to use. 	fun with license plates jameson wrote me today to point out that he can get a new hampshire moose license plate with the text “-brk m” he found my story about new hampshire license plates, including the bit about nh’s online plate lookup. then he pointed out that he could get a purple heart plate with the text “fugw” political messages on license plates seem to usually go one way: from government to people. this rare one reverses it. 	isight accessories and beauty tips macdevcenter published a guide on how to look great on ichat av back in march. the point? video is changing telecommunications: no longer can we sit in grubby geek glee, protected by our avatar shields, wearing only uniforms of underwear. endangered are the days where we can pass digital transmissions and gas simultaneously, picking our noses with one hand, and stuffing pizza down our throats with the other. slowly but surely video is changing that, and sooner or later you’re going to find yourself beamed up into someone’s ichat av window. 	weird palm apps canalpda, a spanish-language pda info site has released an english version of their story about the weirdest palm os programs. you’ll have to follow the link to read about why they thought the apps were so weird, but the titles give some clue: voodoo palm mirror bistromatic fakecall palmasutra fdic divination scare the doggy bubble wrap emulator 	darn comment spam &lt;a href=&quot;http://flickr.com/photos/maisonbisson/sets/ /&rdquo; title=&quot;canned meats at flickr&quot;&ldquo;&gt;now that most email clients have reasonable spam filtering capabilities, spammers are targeting comments systems on blogs, guestbooks (i thought those had disappeared, but i saw one yesterday) and other open submission forms that post to the web. ip banning probably never worked, as spammers have been using open proxys for years. word blacklists (like ignore comments with “online-casino.com” in them) require regular maintenance and could result in false positives. 	beware the cheap pc the public radio show future tense did a story monday that asks “will you regret buying a cheapie pc?” computers are cheaper than ever. but if you’re looking at a new machine this holiday season, dwight silverman of the houston chronicle says beware of the low, low prices. why will you regret it? the machines are ram starved, have lousy video hardware, bad monitors, processors that are slower than their mhz ratings make them look, small hard drives, and often lack even a cd burner. 	more about google print prediction: we’ll talk about google print until they debut the beta, then we’ll talk about it more. copyfight posted some followup on google’s announcement earlier this week. of note was a quote from michael madison: a first thought: it’s one more example, and a pretty important one, of the fading of the lines separating copyright law from communications law. is google print an information conduit? a massive, rogue p p technology? 	ipod supplies tight; holiday sales to exceed four million summary: four million to be sold this holiday season; adoption rate higher than for sony’s walkman. from macnn: an article in the the wall street journal today says that ipods are becoming scarce at retailers around the country. the report says that amazon.com, buy.com, and other online retailers are now out of stock and “apple is contending with what appears to be an immense demand for the gadget,” and it suggests that apple is dealing with manufacturing and distribution constraints due to the ipod’s ‘near-cult status. 	wireless security: wep dead wifi net news is saying r.i.p. w.e.p. after news of a new version of aircrack was released that can break wep in seconds after passively sniffing only a small number of packets. the result is that it takes only two to five minutes to crack a key. even keys changed every minutes are thus susceptible to an attack that might allow several minutes of discrete information. unique keys distributed by . 	usb headset microphone i went looking for a usb headset microphone, and the telex h- usb digital computer headset seems to be the cheapest one that doesn’t suck. amazon’s users comments for the other headsets in that price range (under bucks) spoke of bad sound, uncomfortable fit, and fragile parts. the customer reviews of the telex h- , on the other hand, all rate it out of and commend its quality. 	serious question about funny picture sometime ago i saw this picture among a bunch that were circulating in those emails that get forwarded all over the place. the site i first saw it on dissappeared shortly after, and i haven’t seen this shot again until now. it looks like this page is a copy of the one i saw in early , and it includes this picture. my question is, where did it come from. i haven’t seen anybody name the source or context for this photo. 	i’m now an expert on kabbalah okay, that’s a lie, and it’s probably a little insensitive. sorry. what i really mean is that the monday edition of fresh air — that npr talk show with terry gross — was all about kabbalah. terry’s guest was arthur green: historian and theologian arthur green has long studied jewish religion and culture. among the many books he has written is his latest, a guide to the zohar. […] in addition to being dean of the rabbinical school of hebrew college, arthur green is also on leave from brandeis university. 	google stuns libraries, again arstechnica seemed to sum it up best: today, it is expected that google will announce an agreement to scan and create databases of works from five major libraries. according to news reports, google will digitize all volumes in the university of michigan and stanford university library systems along with parts of research libraries at harvard, the new york public library, and oxford university in england. more information on the scope of projects at the individual institutions can be found at news. 	exploring coudal last week i noted the shhh project to hush noisy cell phone users by draplin and coudal. today, i spent some time surfing the coudal site and found a few things. jewelboxing is coudal’s answer to lousy cd jewel boxes and dvd cases that aren’t much better. the super jewel box king was developed in conjunction with phillips at the same time as the dvd. the standard was designed and introduced shortly after. 	new hampshire’s teen drug use high, teen crime rate low katherine merrow, senior research associate at the new hampshire center for public policy studies recently released a study on teen drug use and juvenile crime in nh. the following is quoted from the study’s executive summary: two recent surveys indicate that new hampshire teens use drugs at rates significantly higher than their national counterparts. one survey placed new hampshire among the top states in the nation in terms of the proportion of its teen population abusing either alcohol or drugs. 	laughing at your idol while following the story about bad teachers, found the mathcaddy blog. the only relation mathcaddy has to the other story is that steve, the unfortunate student runs his blog on a subdomain there. the post that got me interested at mathcaddy was i walked on water… i think i can walk to the door: in one of his forty-eight dozen interviews about the passion of the christ, mel gibson said there have been more than a hundred films made about the life of jesus. 	holiday deals on macs macnn gave me the heads up that apple had reshuffled its refurb and discount shelves late last week. shoppers got as much as % off selected items, with previous generation models being unloaded at the best discounts. thing is, the deals were picked up quick, and the store seems to be empty of the best of them. the ghz ibook that was current until this fall was going for $ , and the . 	teacher proves — once again — that schools are averse to free thought copyfight‘s donna wentworth passed along this “sad and perverse story of a teenager who was given an “f” for writing a paper attempting to distinguish between piracy and stealing.” copyfight quote’s boingboing‘s story: geluso, an “a” student, recently completed an in-class exit exam for his language arts class. the goal of the exit exam was to write a comparative essay on a topic of the student’s choice. being a student who enjoys a challenge, he wrote an essay contrasting piracy with stealing. 	cult of mac, cult of newton, cult of ipod no starch press recently released leander kahney’s the cult of mac. bookblog notes: are there trade shows for toasters? of course not. so why is there a twice-yearly show devoted to a type of [computer] consumer? well, a computer isn’t just a computer when it’s a mac, and macintosh fans will go to great lengths to celebrate their devotion. the book is a followup to the regular cult of mac reporting in wired news. 	gear and gadget reviews gizmodo popped a link over dan washburn’s gadget round up. dan had been on a four month road trip through china, and has now posted the results of how his gear stood up to the trek. on the trip he took an ipod with a media reader, extended battery, and voice recorder mic; two cameras — cannon s and s ; an ipaq with keyboard and gprs modem; and a garmin etrex. 	writer goes solar for electric, hot water, and heat o’reilly author brian mcconnell hasn’t gone off the grid, but he’s reduced his dependance on it and in so doing, lessened his footprint on the environment. electric generates % of his home electric consumption. solar hot water heats his hot tub, eliminating much of the remaining electric consumption. forced hot air solar heats his house, eliminating half of his natural gas consumption. total cost of system was $ , , rolled into his mortgage. 	saab is latest car maker to get excited about ipods macnn reports that saab has released an ipod integration kit: saab has quietly introduced its own ipod/mp player audio integration system. the new system, listed in the most recent saab accessories catalog from october , offers direct input for and control of the ipod on its saab - , according to one macnn reader: “i spoke with the parts department at my dealership and they confirmed that it’s available. evidently it’s wired through to the center console armrest and will be out of site. 	smack the shhh down on noisy cell users gizmodo was excited enough about the draplin and coudal shhh cards: two designers have made these warning cards for obnoxious cell phone users, available in convenient pdf download-and-cut-out form. it’s a good way to make it clear to people they’re talking too loudly, and a good way to eventually get into a good, american fist-fight. then someone can hand you a card that explains why they found your teeth in their soda to be “more than a little annoying. 	missile week at maisonbisson it’s missile and space weapons week at maisonbisson. one item, the increasing pace of missile development in hostile and semi-hostile countries as a reaction to the us missile shield, is real news. the others are softer. i wish i’d planned it. don’t miss russia’s space battle station or warren’s home-town missile. 	copyright lessons from waffle house to round out my week of quoting stories from lquilter.net, today i’m putting forward this one about intellectual property (originally from critical montages): ever notice the waffle house menu’s insistence that double waffle is for &lt;a href=&quot;www-wafflehouse-com-whmenu.pdf&rdquo; title=&quot;&ldquo;dine-in only, no sharing&quot;&ldquo;&gt;“dine-in only, no sharing”? a common prohibition at low-end restaurants, it’s also a small-print reminder of what capitalism is all about. from enclosure to enforcement of intellectual property rights, capital’s message is always no sharing. 	mobile carrier wireless networking, take i took a long look at mobile wireless data service back in september. now, engadget says: they’re currently test-marketing a new wireless data plan called mobile media that costs fifteen bucks a month (the same as sprint pcs vision) and gives you unlimited data usage and access to their new streaming video service […] assuming everything goes as planned, they’ll be introducing the new service in january. i guess i have to look at sprint pcs again, because last time i looked, prices were $ to $ . 	reader report: pie ipod input adapter a reader, mike, wrote in to reccomend the precision interface electronics aux input adapter to connect the audio from my ipod to my scion’s factory head unit. i don’t know if you ever found a solution to connecting your ipod to your scion head unit, but if not, you can use this adapter to add an aux input to the scion factory head unit. i asked mike for followup and details, and he offered this: 	pictures of the warren rocket warren is blessed with a rocket. it was once an intermediate range ballistic missile, but it’s basically the same rocket that launched america’s first astronauts allen b. shepherd and gus grissom into sub-orbital space. it’s enough to be proud of, anyway. roadsideamerica.com has a story on our rocket, but it’s based on reader reports and it seems people just don’t know what town they’re in when they see the thing. 	the christian right and the sanctity of marriage lquilter.net pointed me to an interesting entry at newdonkey: the christian right and the sanctity of marriage as we all know, the christian right has now made defense of the institution of marriage, as defined as a union of a man and woman, not only its top political priority, but the very touchstone of christian moral responsibility. i’ve always found this rather ironic, since the protestant reformation, to which most christian right leaders continue to swear fealty, made one of its own touchstones the derogation of marriage as a purely religious, as opposed to civic, obligation. 	missiles are the new fashion defensetech reported today that “russia is leaning more and more on its nuclear weapons, as its conventional military falls into the toilet.” elsewhere at defensetech today was a link to armscontrolwonk, which leads to news that the us isn’t working with the iaea. this isn’t good. the ap, via defensetech is reporting speaking at a meeting of the armed forces’ leadership, putin reportedly said that russia is researching and successfully testing new nuclear missile systems. 	russian battle station polyus defensetech reported, some time ago, on the old ussr’s space battle station (or, communist russia’s answer to reagan’s star wars program). more pictures are in a forum at militaryphotos.net. called polyus, it was ridiculously huge — as with all things russian. sadly, (from a purely scientific perspective) defensetech reports “it couldn’t get itself into a working orbit, probably because of ‘a faulty inertial guidance sensor,’ according to the encyclopedia astronautica.” 	us senate on porn i’ve been reading the archives at lquilter.net, where i stumbled across this amusing yet scary entry: …on the first amendment side of things, wired has a great new story explaining how recent senate commerce committee, science, technology &amp; space subcommittee hearings have shown that internet porn is the worst scourge this nation has seen since cia-sponsored heroin. [wired / ] “pornography really does, unlike other addictions, biologically cause direct release of the most perfect addictive substance,” satinover said. 	shock tanks gizmodo alerted me to these shocking remote control tanks. for bucks you get two remote control tanks with which you and a pal will do battle. it’s a game of “maneauver and fire, evade,” or something like that, with the additional carrot that if you hit your opponent’s tank, he or she will get an electric shock. the stick is that if your opponent hits your tank, you get the shock. 	dog sled racing justin at the start of his four-dog sled race in meredith, new hampshire. the video of justin’s finish is also online. snow started falling early friday and continued through saturday morning. it’s the heavy, wet snow you get when the air is still warm. the frost isn’t deep and there are still-soft patches of ground here and there, so the snow is melting in parts, but it’s snow nonetheless. it’s snow enough that justin might be able to run the dogs on the sled, rather than on his bike as he does through the fall. 	cool tvs and rc aerial photos gizmodo went gaga for plus minus zero, a little electronics shop in japan where “they hand-design a selection of products, then contract the production of the units out for a limited run.” the post includes a picture of one of their products, an lcd television that looks like one of those classic tube tvs from the s. then gizmodo linked to this radio control aerial photography discussion board with some great pix. 	bush on tape cliff over at spiralbound.net posted the video of bush flipping the bird. it’s not as exciting as i’d hoped, but it’s on video. then there’s the dubya movie. it’s a fantastic mashup of old don kotts movies, but that’s already giving too much away. go watch it, you’ll laugh. 	a night at the hip hopera i’m not really sure how to describe the kleptones and their album a night at the hip hopera, but i can tell you how i found it. disney sent takedown notices to those who were mirroring the work, raising the ire of the copyfight community. you see, the kleptones are really quite good, but their album is a mashup of queen songs, and disney (who owns the rights to queen’s music), got itchy. 	states rights lq wrote at lquilter.net about looming challenges to federalism i’ll be interested to see how the conservative, pro-federalism, pro-states’ rights, gop-run government (and the conservative intelligentsia which carries their theoretical water) handles some of the upcoming challenges to federalism: medical marijuana laws state & regional initiatives on global warming: for isntance, california’s mandatory cap on greenhouse-gas emissions will have to be signed off on by the epa before it goes into effect i tried to comment, but wordpress kept ignoring me. instead, i’ll post here and trackback. james loewen writes, in his book lies across america, that “states rights” is the call of whatever party doesn’t control the presidency. the republicans made a lot of noise about it during the clinton years, but will likely have to adjust their position now. some readers will likely point out, however, that the unspoken republican tenet (at least since the early s) is “might makes right.” sadly, the bush administration has already supported challenges to local environmental regulations. i can’t remember the specifics, but a federal court struck down a california law that required clean-burning busses and trucks in the state. maybe republicans are more tolerant of cognitive dissonance than liberals. maybe they don’t care. 	flickr random selection 	email is for dinosaurs in south korea a south korean newspaper is predicting the death of email. a poll conducted […] on over , middle, high school and college students in gyeonggi and chungcheong provinces in october revealed that more than two-thirds of the respondents said, “i rarely use or don’t use e-mail at all.” it seems email just isn’t fast enough for these wippersnappers. …it’s impossible to tell whether an addressee has received a message right away and replies are not immediately forthcoming. 	lycos-europe’s spam plan smartmobs reports that lycos is planning to raise the cost of spam with a gentle ddos attack. yes, gentle. lycos-europe is distributing a free downloadable screensaver called make love not spam that directs a low-intensity distributed denial of service attack (ddos) at urls contained in spam messages. the bbc article quoted at smartmobs reports: mr pollmann said there was no intention to stop the spam websites working by subjecting them with too much data to cope with. 	wifi seeker, finder, detector roundup handtops.com has published a wifi seeker, finder, detector roundup. the five models they reviewed include: smart id wifi detector – wfs- pctel wifi seeker kensington wifi finder plus hawking technologies wifi locator – hwl canary wireless digital hotspotter – hs my favorite, and it’s not based on any experience with any of these products, is the canary wireless digital hotspotter. it’s the smartest of the bunch and shows 	the war on fair use somebody somewhere, probably a lawyer in the entertainment industry, has a list titled “rabid fair use advocates” and david rothman is near or at the top. not that i mean that as a criticism, or that mr. rothman would take it as such. it’s just a likely fact. today, however, i’m playing a game by quoting his post about the war on fair use in full: doubt there’s a war against fair use? 	encompass for digital collections and resource access we’re looking at encompass for digital collections and resource access here. it’s an expensive product, but has a lot of interesting and useful features. some sites we looked at in the demo today included new zealand national library, ut dallas, and alabama mosaic. 	bloody saturday in the soviet union: novocherkassk, i had a long conversation with my brother about communist russia last night. it’s not really an area i can talk about, execpt that i’d recently read enough to make me look semi-smart. my reading was of samuel h. baron’s bloody saturday in the soviet union: novocherkassk, . review from library journal: baron (history emeritus, univ. of north carolina; plekhanov in russian history and soviet historiography) brings to light events of nearly years ago that foreshadowed the demise of the soviet union. 	robert berger’s wifi will beat up your wimax from wifi networking news: wimax hype, . reality wi-fi will out evolve and deliver connectivity at costs dramatically lower than wimax. wimax / . is just starting on its path to evolution, has a much smaller base of innovators and chipset growth volume. wi-fi is already far along on its core learning curve, has an easy order of magnitude larger base of innovators / investors and chipset growth volume. wimax hype will sputter out to reality of a niche backhaul and rural marketplace, wi-fi/ . will evolve and grow into many more realms and dominate the local area network (lan) / neighborhood area network (nan) / metro area network (man). berger’s conclusion is based on the history and development of earlier, wired networking technologies, where ethernet is the clear winner. he reminds us that “token ring, then . anylan vg, then atm” were all once considered leading technologies that would replace lowly ethernet, but didn’t. today, . products are shunned by wireless carriers, but their spread and market dominance will be hard to beat by wimax and . . 	ipod integration kits proliferate for home and car macnn reports the sonance iport will ship later this month, which must mean next week. anyway, the iport is a wall mounted dock that hides all the cables — audio, firewire, dock, others — in the wall. the macnn story includes nice pictures of the unit, including the beauty shot and a view of the ports and connectors. sonance makes no end of “architectural-audio” equipment, including those speakers you sometimes find hidden in the wall. 	falljuahinpictures fallujapictures (soon to be at falljuahinpictures.com) posts pictures too sad or scary to appear in most newspapers or even on this site. 	geolocation stumbling block: geourl host down a an old john udell piece at infoworld hints at geourls, but the goeurl site is down, and has been for a while. the concept sounds interesting: you mark pages with coordinates, then use gis to map those pages to geographic locations, finding pages and people of interest along the way. to join geourl, you add this kind of metadata to your homepage: i got interested in this sort of thing (geolocation) a while back, and i haven’t quite given up. 	copyright czar cometh? david rothman at teleread echoed the following: “buried inside the massive $ billion spending bill congress approved last weekend is a program that creates a federal copyright enforcement czar.” – lawmakers ok antipiracy czar, via cnet. 	sealing history democratic underground published a may story about bush administration efforts to replace the national archivist. the national archivist is the keeper of the nation’s records – the archives. the national archives control what information gets released to the public – and what does not. with so much power over how what history we see, the independence of the archivist’s position is paramount, lest one political party usurp that power. people who know these things were afraid when the previous archivist announced his intention to resign early, despite previous signals he intended to complete his full term. these people were doubly surprised when they learned the bush white house has […] nominated allen weinstein for the position, one who is held in dubious esteem at best, who has been criticized for having a penchant for privacy not becoming a national archivist and, to the surprise of many, was nominated without any consultation with outside experts – the first such time ever since , and in direct contravention with the wishes of congress as expressed in the house report accompanying the law that made the archives independent. had the previous archivist fulfilled his term, he would have presided over the release of george h. w. bush’s records. the new archivist will be able to lock up those records and along with the “w” files for the next ten years. with a straw man in place, the bushs can rest comfortably, but can we? 	liberty vampire jokir flickr’d this, writing: “great work — alex ross is one of my favorite artists…plus – it pretty much nails what’s up in the world, right?” ross’s website has mostly shows his comic book art and superhero imagery, and it took some time to find a reference to this piece. apparently it was for an article in the village voice and appeared on the cover. ross writes: 	wb says you’ll pay here’s the irony: an academic writes a paper that references and quotes relevant prior work, and is commended for the work. but, a journalist working on a book that quotes elements of pop culture risks a copyright infringement lawsuit if he doesn’t pay for his quotes. the fact is, “fair use” is not protected, and it can only be determined in court. fact is, the risk of lawsuit is enough to make most authors and other content creators license work for uses that most agree should be covered by fair use. 	u cozies to apple i’ve been warm and lukewarm on u for a while. i can’t deny that they’ve done some great stuff, but i’ve failed to appreciate some of it. take the band’s previous work, all that you can’t leave behind, for example. it seemed like a sad attempt to capture a younger audience, and was out of line from the band’s other work. aging is tough on everybody, but neither the band-members, nor their fans are getting any younger. 	the kinkos conspiracy engadget raised my fears a bit when they announced your laser printer will give you away: it was big news last month when a couple of researchers at purdue announced a way to trace documents back to their original printer or photocopier, but it turns out that xerox and most other laser printer and copier makers have been selling devices that encode serial numbers and manufacturing codes on everything they print out for years. 	click fraud arstechnica has a story about new google lawsuits. the company is getting sued by a porn purveyor for copyright infringement and is suing another company for “click fraud” — fraudulent clicks to google’s adsense advertising links. having recently taken on adsense links here at maisonbisson, i couldn’t help but pay attention. the ars story leads to one at c|net that explains: click fraud is perpetrated in both automated and human ways. 	predicting the computer of in (fake) steffan o’sullivan writes: “this is from a edition of modern mechanics magazine, predicting what the home computer will look like in . i think i worked on that printer once… how can i get a steering wheel like that on my office computer here?” the caption reads: “scientists from the rand corporation have created this model to illustrate how a ‘home computer’ could look like in the year . 	chernobyl tour update: there’s more pictures, even some video (look for links marked with the quicktime logo), and a bundle more nuclear and chernobyl-related stories. i almost fell into a trap that has snared quite a few before me. bookofjoe recently pointed to the story of elena, a motorcycle riding woman who claimed to brave the radiation to tour the area around chernobyl, the nucluear reactor that exploded disasterously in . a commentor quickly pointed out that her story has some history and is surrounded by controversy. 	google scholar arstechnica and bookofjoe both heralded the beta release of google scholar. my questions: “is it accessible via the google api,” and, “what does this mean for academic libraries?” i’ll be exploring both in time. in the meantime: library portal integration. 	how blue is my country? my father sent along a link with the following annotation: we all know the expression that “one picture is worth a thousand words.” well, here are several pictures of the same phenomena that tell the same story but give very different impressions. they illustrate clearly how pictures can be misleading (or should that be ‘leading’ ?). i found them very interesting. please look at all of them. the link lead to a web page by michael gastner, cosma shalizi, and mark newman of the university of michigan offering maps and cartograms of the us presidential election results. 	science of coercion roderick sent me a link to a story at common dreams: killing the political animal: cia psychological operations and us, by heather wokusch. a cia instruction manual entitled “psychological operations in guerrilla warfare” provides some clues. written in the early s (coincidentally, soon after bush sr. headed the agency) the document was part of the us government’s crusade to bring down nicaragua’s leftist government, by providing training and weapons to the contra rebels. 	coldplay i didn’t think i’d become a coldplay fan, but then i heard don’t panic in the garden state soundtrack and i couldn’t help myself. now i’m liking clocks. my only problem with all this is that everybody else likes it too. 	reviewing fcc rules on wifi use i wasn’t really paying attention in june when wifi net news reported on a fcc decision regarding control of wifi: the fcc says landlords, associations can’t regulate part use: the fcc’s office of engineering and technology says that the function of regulating and coordinating frequency use is reserved to the fcc itself. it’s a clear refutation of mall owners, airports, and condominium associations to limit use of wi-fi and other wireless technologies. 	why we fear the fcc the engadget headline on monday appeared at first exaggerated: the fcc says it has power over anything that can receive and play a digital file. but, the short news entry reveals the truth of the headline: in a brief filed in a suit brought against the broadcast flag by the electronic frontier foundation and publicknowlegde, the fcc argues that not only do they have the right to regulate that all digital tvs, settop boxes, digital video recorders, satellite receivers, dvd recorders, etc. 	ken nordine’s word jazz ken nordine may have the best voice ever. in the pantheon of deep soothing voices, ken nordine’s stands above the magnetic fields and mc honky, and about on par with barry white. 	content management below are loosely organized speaking notes for zach’s essentials of web development class that i guest-lectured/substituted on monday, november th. either we do the content management, or we get the computer to do it for us what is redundant and repetitive about web management? placement of branding elements. placement and updating of navigation elements placement and tracking of ads updating of lists, indexes, and other info as a site’s content changes these tasks consume time, but do not require great skill. 	what’s up with lowell and donuts? see the full what’s up with lowell and donuts flickr photoset with slideshow. follow that with the post-donut tour photo set. story/explanation/narrative to follow. sometime. donut shack eat-a-donut still hungry 	defensetech compares book to practice in fallujah the news from fallujah is grim. casualties are heavy on all sides, the city is being bombed to ruin, and those few civilians that remain are without water or power while bodies rot in the streets. defensetech reported on the fallujah push last week and included some quotes from the army’s new counterinsurgency operations field manual: concentrate on elimination of the insurgents, not on terrain objectives… get counterinsurgency forces out of garrisons, cities, and towns; off the roads and trails into the environment of the insurgents… avoid establishment of semipermanent patrol bases laden with artillery and supplies that tend to tie down the force. 	dangit: freefonts a part of me hates freefonts.com. it’s the part that has too often found just the right font, only to discover that the free or cheap knock-off version that i had didn’t have all the characters, like quote-marks and other punctuation. then i see a font like “accidental president” and realize what a sucker i am for font shopping. thanks to bookofjoe for the link. also, high tech-styles (get the pun? 	shatner’s return: has been william shatner has a new album out. most people receive this news with a smirk, or a chuckle, or a dumbfounded look. let me assure you, he can’t sing any better than you think, and probably not any better than in his previous albums. but here’s the thing: the first single common people, really is good. well, good in one way or another. i laughed the first time i heard it, and the second time, and again and again. 	ludicorp will be flooded with under-qualified applicants job ads reveal a lot about a company, what technology they use, what they’re developing, and what sort of culture they have. this one from ludicorp/flickr caught my eye: starting immediately, we’re looking for a great technical operations person. the ideal candidate can grow into a leadership role in technical operations and has broad practical experience on both the systems and networks sides. requirements: years system administration experience with linux and apache (some network administration experience strongly preferred) experience with both and bit systems experience with both hardware and software approaches for load balancing web serving and database traffic experience in firewall administration and best practices for security basic network design and administration current knowledge of hardware systems (servers and networking gear) prior experience running mid-sized systems ( servers) bonus characteristics: 	fish tacos oh decadence! veterans day provided not only a chance for reflection but also a rare thursday free from the classroom. so what to do with this open period of time? the answer was easy, dinner party. i have wanted to have my colleagues roxanna and john over, but time is always an issue. i phoned them up and they accepted. now the fun began — menu planning. while vacationing with my parents in vegas last summer we went out to marvelous food chain, the cheesecake factory. 	high tech-styles foof started out by making some interesting ipod sleves. now they’re offering foofbags for your ibook and powerbook. if you are looking for a funky alternative to neoprene, rubber or plastic to protect your apple technology from scratches, then we think that this site is for you. our foofproducts are handmade, simple and beautiful. foofproducts were originally created in a martello tower (dublin, ireland). they are now currently handmade using a pinnock sewing machine (sydney, australia). 	delicious library & earthcomber & what? i’ll be saving my pennies, because delicious library may be the coolest new app in a while. ars technica revied a beta and gave it an . out of — for a beta of a . product. people are right when they suspect that something very different is going on over in the mac corner of the software development universe. is it something crazy, or something sublime? you be the judge. 	money grubbing you’ll notice there are more ads on the site recently. it’s not because i need to recoup my investment in the site and need the pennies i get for these ads; it’s just because i’m a money grubbing bastard. anyway, this is the response i got to my application to the target affiliate program: we regret to inform you that target.com has chosen not to accept you into their affiliate program at this time. 	the campaign for klem the killer klown jones soda, the folks who make the extra-flavored pop with the intersting photos on the label have an online gallery where you can submit works to appear on future labels and vote on works already submitted. roderick’s girlfriend toni submitted an piece and he’s campaigning for it: hey there. toni is trying to get her klem the killer klown banner on a jones soda bottom. help her out by voting for her image! 	wpa cracked yesterday’s story about wired and wireless network security, and policy-based networking (sort of) was really just preparation for wifi net news’ wpa cracking story. glenn fleishman’s lead is quite direct, “we warned you: short wpa passphrases could be cracked — and now the software exists.” he explains further: a weakness in shorter and dictionary-word-based passphrases used with wi-fi protected access render those passphrases capable of being cracked. the wpa cracker tool is somewhat primitive, requiring that you enter the appropriate data retrieved via a packet sniffer like ethereal. 	better networks through policy back in the fall of , psu was still considering its wireless plans. things were moving slowly, and the decision makers seemed to be looking for answers in the wrong places. i’d been agitating for better answers, a simpler solution, lower costs, and more progress. my criticism landed me on the hot seat, and i was soon asked to be more constructive. my answers are in this presentation, the accompanying handout, and a handout for a followup meeting. at the time, the networking staff was leaning towards a proprietary . x-based authentication scheme that required specific client software and had limited hardware support. the package was rather pricey, would have required additional client software and hardware purchases, and was restrictive in its support of student computers. at an institution that supports over users, most of whom purchase and maintain their own equipment, the plan seemed to have a lot of shortcomings. i wanted the school to look at the wireless isp model, and consider the options used there. i also wanted the networking folks to explore network security over-all, rather than just wireless security, as most network threats affect wired and wireless networks in similar ways. i no longer work in the it shop, where i was a sys admin at the time, but this presentation and my arguments may have been successful. the school selected a commercial captive portal authentication system, just like the wisps. a lot has changed in the wireless market over the intervening year, but i’m offering the presentation here anyway. 	getting schooled on trademark law krispy kream, the donut folks, are itching to get krispy kream drive in on route in belsano to change their name. i’ve no idea where belsano is, but ower christina hoover says “we’re an ice cream fast food stand. it’s a drive in.” it’s been the hoover’s bread and butter since . what krispy kreme is really arguing is dilution of their “famous” brand. since going ipo a few years ago, krispy kremes have popped up everywhere across the county, from sbc park in sf to the excaliber in las vegas. 	ipod news galore ipodlounge has posted a lengthy buyers guide for the ipod and accessories. it’s a whopping pdf — they call it retro because it’s in magazine format. whatever, it’s packed with details and includes comparison reviews. mac is offering up a chatty review of the ipod photo. tera poked around and found an odd “photo import” command lurking in the menus. could this be the feature that allows camera users to import memory card contents directly? 	recovery lawrence lessig picked out a comment by adamsj that resonated with him: “i’m going to spend time these next few days looking for the america in my heart. it may be a while before i see it anywhere else.” the response was strong and swift. the first few comments were highly critical, even personally critical. john‘s comment seemed to sum up the republican view: you may also find it in the scores of millions of voters and nonvoters in between manhattan and san francisco whom the democratic party has repeatedly mocked, ridiculed, called stupid/ignorant/intolerant, and excluded for the past or so years. 	stealing from the bookofjoe once again, i’m echoing a lot of content from bookofjoe. i just can’t help myself. without the blog, how would i know about products like the flatulence deodorizer? the flatulence deodorizer — u.s. patent no. , , — is “guaranteed to eliminate embarrassment from odors associated with flatulence – forever – or your money back.” says the site: “try it, you’ll like it – and so will the others around you. 	bookofjoe says cia, nsa, defense, and others will make kerry president “the old guard of the cia, threatened and beleaguered as they haven’t been since the disclosure of ‘the family jewels’ by the rockefeller commission in , is striking back.” when bush turned to the intelligence agencies to produce “evidence” to support his neocon plan to invade iraq, they ponied up. to them, that’s what you do when you work in the executive branch and the executive gives an order. of course, much of the intelligence community’s behaviour was formed in the days when the buck stopped at the desk in the oval office. 	fear the takedown, part ii: homeland security copyfight and teleread both picked up on an ap story about homeland security agents enforcing trademark law. pufferbelly toys owner stephanie cox “was taken aback by a mysterious phone call from the u.s. department of homeland security to her small store in this quiet columbia river town just north of portland.” calls from law enforcement agents get noticed. calls from organizations charged with securing america from terrorist threats get fretted over. 	halloween : the movie food, booze, fire: halloween . 	links: picoserver and ivideo picoserver: japanese firm package technology is coming out with a x . x mm box called the picoserver that’s essentially a web/mail server with an ethernet port and three sockets for sensors (one out, two in). this could be a packaged implementation of the ibutton tini ics from dallas semiconductor. then again, it might not be. either way, it’s interesting and convenient. i just wish they were cheaper than the $ or so engadget claims they’ll cost. 	the october surprise npr’s senior news analyst, daniel schorr, reported wednesday that the bush administration has been busy keeping the bad news it has known about for months out of the press and away from the public scrutiny. iraqi explosives the bush administration knew about the tons of missing explosives a year ago, but still claims no knowledge of how they went missing or who might have taken them. their knee-jerk reaction, of course, is to say the explosives went missing before us troops invaded, but tv news video that has recently come to light shows us troops inspecting the explosives then being ordered away. 	what have you done for me lately, dubbya? unionvoice.org asks are you better off now than you were four years go? in his four years, george w. bush has taken away overtime pay, presided over the first net loss of jobs since herbert hoover and the great depression, proposed a percent cut in funds for children’s hospitals, sought tax breaks for companies that export jobs overseas and signed a medicare prescription drug bill that helps hmos and drug companies more than seniors. 	grandma had more sex fleshbot pointed to a story in the guardian that reports on a study by prima magazine that suggests married women of today have less sex than married women of the s. women in the s had sex an average of twice a week. but a survey found two-thirds of today’s women said they were too tired to manage that much. when i mentioned this to sandee, she echoed what prima says about it: 	warmonger ≠ support our troops on the heels of “&lt;a href=&rdquo;/post/ &rdquo; title=&quot;there _were no international terrorists in iraq until we went in“&gt;there were no international terrorists in iraq _until we went in_” comes a story from alternet: “bush has failed the military on almost every level — marking the difference between being militaristic and pro-military.” discounting that he sent american troops into iraq on false pretenses, a real commander would fight for the welfare of his troops. 	fictional story asks: is there a right to life after death? the story focuses on the brain as an organ, in this case, an organ donated for medical research after the death of the host. what has prompted the lawsuits, protests and threats just over one year after the procedure is not the facts of the initial donation, but the university’s decision to terminate the experiments, and therefore the care, of the brain. what the [right to life groups] and their supporters claim is that brian schultz, the nine-year-old organ donor who legally passed away one year ago, is actually alive and well in the research lab. 	c&d = takedown = chill = limited creativity = limited speech ericka jacobs at copyfutures found my fear the takedown story about bits of freedom’s takedown study. she over-stated my effort; all i really did was quote text from copyfight, which they quoted from doom , but that’s how blogs and the web work. more importantly, erika explained a lot more than i did, including detailing takedown proceedures and safe harbor provisions under us and european copyright law. finally, she ends by quoting a report by chilling effects, a copyright resource center maintained by the “electronic frontier foundation and six law school clinical programs. 	prepare to get screwed by drm copyfight is picking up on something i started talking about a while ago: content owners want to re-sell you the things you already own. digital isn’t about copying, it’s about not having to re-purchase music just because the record company releases it in a new format (album, cassette, cd, beyond cd). the real threat: me me is about just that. hbo, for one, is very straightforward in its faq that the goal is to take away your time/space shifting rights in order to sell them back to you. 	the sweet taste of lead bookofjoe reports on a october washington post story titled: lead levels in water misrepresented across us. what the headline really means, however, is that lead levels are under-reported accross the us. “the problems we know about are just the tip of the iceberg,” said erik d. olson of the nonprofit natural resources defense council, “because utilities are gaming the system, states have often been willing to ignore long-standing violations and the epa sits on the sidelines and refuses to crack down. 	serene, calming video turn up your speakers to enjoy the serene music and pastoral scenes in this relaxing video of a car ad. [update:] the original link is broken; look for current links to the video in the text and comments of this newer story. 	malware, osx on old macs, brass knuckles arstechnica reports linux and mac os x get some love (?) from malware writers: some of you may have seen e-mails purporting to be from the red hat security team. the e-mail contains a link to fedora-redhat.com and prompts users to download and install a patch for fileutils- . . , stating that a vulnerability could “allow a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges.” the “patch” actually contains malicious code that will compromise the system it is run on. 	“there were no international terrorists in iraq until we went in” it made some news when former british foreign secretary robin cook, who resigned from the cabinet over the iraq war, said: “there were no international terrorists in iraq until we went in. it was we who gave the perfect conditions in which al qaeda could thrive.” now, news organizations around the world are quoting the iaea in saying: nearly tons of conventional explosives that can be used in the kind of car bomb attacks that have targeted us-led coalition forces in iraq for months have vanished from a former iraqi military installation, the un nuclear agency said monday. 	ribbons a story on npr’s morning edition this morning declares: yellow-ribbon magnets carry complex meaning. the library of congress’s american folklife center tells the history of the yellow ribbon. though its conceptual beginnings are mixed, penne laingen was the first known american to tie a ribbon ’round an ole oak tree in hopes of the safe return of a loved one from conflict or captivity. it was , and her husband was among the hostages taken that november in teheran, iran. 	duties and responsibilities “i really don’t know what he did for us.” — said recently about me by my old manager to a former co-worker. 	cliff points at stuff so, cliff points at stuff a lot. it turns out that he’s pointing in every picture in my photoblog that he appears in. sure, it’s only five out of five photos, but it’s still %! more photos from maisonbisson 	in car ipod, take engadget echoed a story from autoblog (duh, i just noticed that they’re both from weblogs inc.) about an ipod integration kit that works with most all -or-newer cars: ipod car. first, it gives a clean line-in to the stero from the ipod, then it gives next and previous track as well as rewind and fastforward control on the stereo. sure, you can buy a bmw and get the same deal as an option, but this is cheaper. 	digital camera reccomendations a friend asked me what digital camera she should buy. her criteria were that it be small and inexpensive. my answer: the pentax optio s with a mb or gb sd card. why? it’s less than an inch thick, is hovering at just over $ , and works well. my slightly upscale alternative is the olympus stylus , but xd memory cards are much more expensive than their sd cousins. still, olympus’ new stylus verve looks like a winner. 	red sox the red sox did an amazing thing last night: they won. there’s a lot of talk about how historic the four wins in a row come from behind victory is, but for most people, it’s enough simply that they won, and they beat the yankees. close to home, psu students, and students all over new hampshire and massachusettes, expressed their joy over the sox’s victory in a way that has mature adults™ shaking their heads everywhere. 	i’m no economist, but… it’s an old story, the growing gap between rich and poor, and it’s probably booring as hell to most. thing is, i fear it’s shaping america in more ways than can be counted. i’ve been at a loss to make a clean argument about this, so all i can do now is give you this: across the great divide: in , ceos made times as much as production and non-supervisory workers. 	fear the takedown copyfight points me to doom which reports on bits of freedom‘s recent project: dutch civil rights organization bits of freedom has run an interesting experiment: they put up a text by a famous dutch author, written in to accounts with different isps. then they made up an imaginary society that is supposed to be the copyright holder of the author in question, and sent copyright infringement takedown notices to those isp via email (using a hotmail account). 	“try a florsheim maneuver” quotes from the bookofjoe: “the bleeding always stops.” …my favorite of the zillions of wonderful, pithy, often-harsh apothegms i’ve heard in my years in medicine. there’s more: “try a florsheim maneuver” [kick him to see if he’s dead or faking] “we won’t know until the autopsy.” [actually spoken on internal medicine rounds by a resident when i was in med school, in response to the question, “what’s he have? 	tv-b-gone wired news ran a two page profile of the inventor and his creation. just two weeks before the us presidential election, npr found time run an interview with the inventor. gizmodo rants angrilly about it. clearly, a device that shuts of televisions gets attention. tv-b-gone is a one button remote control who’s only purpose is to turn off televisions, whereever they may be. from wired news: the idea for tv-b-gone was born at a restaurant in the early s, when altman and his friends kept paying attention to a tv in the corner, not to one another. 	monday politics sex and politics, voter registration at strip clubs “ashcroft used to care more about pornography than terrorism,” says scot powe, professor of law at the university of texas. “the guy is a throwback to the early s; maybe that’s being too generous.” &lt;p&gt; […] &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; david wasserman, a first amendment attorney, [says:] “my fear is that a second bush administration will unleash a slew of prosecutions against adult entertainment web sites, video stores and producers of adult films. 	monday copyfight disney thieves peter pan from copyright-holding childrens’ hospital charity peter and the starcatchers by dave barry and ridley pearson and published by disney’s hyperion books is billed as a prequel to the children’s classic, peter pan. […] but the hospital charity says [it] is getting nothing from peter and the starcatchers — which has been on the new york times best seller lists, has had an extensive author tour and has its own web site. 	monday tech now that wifi access is common, wifi-dependant applications are starting to appear. providers are finding out that the key to encouraging usage of hotspots and the key to leveraging hotspots to boost business is by offering applications that customers can use. &lt;p&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://wifinetnews.com/archives/ .html&quot; title=&quot;rest stop wifi roundup&quot;&gt;rest stop wifi roundup&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt; texas has signed a contract to install wi-fi at locations by oct. 	sunday links links: starting with politics, going to copyfight, ending nowhere. on the mediathis week is reporting on the controversies about sinclair tv and bush’s wiring, looks at why there’s a dearth of local real local news, and, most interestingly, compares bush’s lies to kerry’s exaggerations.the whole show is available as mp . realclearpolitics lists polls in swing states and elsewhere. earthbrowser (for mac) gives us a glimpse of the world, showing swirling clouds and other weather, but hiding the politics and tension. 	football injuries joe was telling his son, justin, about his college football days. it was mostly a tale of his injuries, including one that required he have fluid drained from his knees daily before practice. he says it hurt. it hurt a lot. it hurt to drain the fluid. it hurt to practice on it. it hurt throughout the day and night. justin asked why he would do such things to himself. because he could not imagine doing anything else. 	local cinemas while yahoo movies is okay, it doesn’t track all the local theaters. fortunately, many of them are online: the nugget, hanover lebanon lincoln cinemas smitty’s/chunky’s tilton then there are the drive-ins: meadows drive-in route , woodsville, n.h ( ) - fairlee drive-in theater fairlee, vt. ( ) - 	st. louis i’m ashamed to say that st. louis, missouri, wasn’t on my list of must-see-cities™. it’s not that i thought i wouldn’t like st. louis, it just never crossed my mind to go there. i’d also forgotten about the arch. i ended up in st. louis because it was hosting the library information technology association annual conference. i did the arch friday morning, before the conference. the day was rainy and gray, but the arch still stood out as an amazing structure. 	veicon thin client solutions the theory is that thin clients save money over the long-haul because they require less maintenance and management, have longer useful lives, and can be purchased for about the same or less money than the pc you might have otherwise used. the problem is that it’s very different from the normal practice and not many people can explain exactly how it works. so, in the absence of good information, most people go on like they always have and ignore the possibilities of thin clients. 	qr codes qr codes are starting to appear everywhere. i’m intrigued and i want to know more about them. here are some links i dug up and hope to return to: wikipedia on qr codes schubart’s wikipedia on qr codes jphonegames on qr codes qr code generator qr codes and php a better qr code generator 	winging into cleveland the wing dips toward the ground while turning for the cleveland airport. lake erie is visible underneath the clouds at the top of the frame. two more photos from this series are posted in my new aerial &amp; scenic set at flickr. 	what liberal media? now on cnn.com: sinclair broadcast group, owner of the largest group of television stations in the nation, plans to air a documentary that accuses sen. john kerry of betraying american prisoners during the vietnam war, a newspaper reported monday. this story is bigger than it looks, and i almost let it slip by without mention because i couldn’t fully address it. but ignoring it won’t make it go away, so…. 	libraries under fire komo tv is reporting big brother™ is watching, even in small communities off the beaten path. deming, washington, a town of with a library that “isn’t much larger than a family home” is facing a showdown with the fbi. the fbi wants to know who checked out a book from a small library about osama bin laden. but the library isn’t giving out names, saying the government has no business knowing what their patrons read. 	redlightgreen teleread reports: redlightgreen.com, a creation of rlg, searches through million books based on such criteria as author’s name, title, and subject matter. not full text search–but still useful. over at redlightgreen, they say it “helps you locate the most important books and other research materials in your area of interest, and find out whether what you need is available at your favorite library.” 	foggy st. louis from the top of the arch this is my second try at stitching these photos together. i decided to give up the illusion of the single shot, and added the white borders to make clear that this image is a composite. the resolution is way up on this one, and it shows. the baseball stadium is clearly visable on the left, the football dome is on the extreme right. click the picture for larger (or smaller) views. 	the rumble in st. louis this text has been moved from the scenes from st. louis story so that it can be filed, more correctly, in politics &amp; controversy. unable to get into the “town hall” to take part in the debate personally, i went looking for a place to watch it. sadly, the sox game pre-empted the debate at most bars, but the drunken fish was showing it, with subtitles only. regarding the debate, oliver willis has a clip titled “watch your president flip out of his gourd” and everybody is asking is this bush’s dean scream™? 	bowling museum and hall of fame things learned at the international bowling museum and hall of fame (and easily repeated as quotes from their online history page): sir flinders petrie, discovered in the ’s a collection of objects in a child’s grave in egypt that appeared to him to be used for a crude form of bowling. if he was correct, then bowling traces its ancestry to bc. […] there is substantial evidence that a form of bowling was in vogue in england in , when king edward iii allegedly outlawed it to keep his troops focused on archery practice. 	copyfight friday microsoft ceo steve ballmer did another one of his monkey acts when he went ape about music and drm. most people still steal music…we can build the technology but there are still ways for people to steal music. the most common format of music on an ipod is ‘stolen’. it could just be a picture of what happens when microsoft wakes up and realizes it doesn’t own and can’t control everything, but it also reveals a lot about where the company is going. ballmer could have said that the shifting of purchased music from one device or format to another is a legally protected form of fair use (at least for now). instead, he argued something like “microsoft’s drm is the only solution to piracy.” anyway, it’s a crock of shite. teleread (always an anti-drm advocate) has picked up on it. — and — 	riding mower gizmodo has this picture of what they describe simply as a “homebrew riding mower.” i can’t help but like it, and i have a feeling my friend joe will be trying to make one of his own soon. 	stealing from the bookofjoe as long as i’m quoting content from bookofjoe, i might as well post these two other links i got from there this week: douwe osinga’s visited states dynamic map dohicky and awfulplasticsurgery.com. 	fox news just makes stuff up most people know i’m not a huge fan of fox news, at least in part because fox news is no great fan of mine. al franken and eric alterman are rather detailed their explanation of just how conservative fox is (it’s like the tower of pizza leaning toward texas; actually, it’s like the tower layed down in texas). but you’d have to figure that even conservatives would have trouble keeping a straight face while making up lines like this: “‘didn’t my nails and cuticles look great? 	st. louis wifi panera offers free wifi in about locations. the odd thing is that even though their listings didn’t name a location near my hotel, a proximity search found one in my hotel: westport plaza westport plaza maryland heights, mo then there’s also apple store west country: west county center des peres, mo …just a quarter mile east of on manchester. 	eccentric or autistic, you decide bookofjoe ran a story about eccentrics by david weeks. his story is really just a listing of the characteristics of eccentrics as quote from the book, but it makes a good game to calculate how eccentric a person is. try the list on for size: nonconforming creative strongly motivated by curiosity idealistic: wants to make the world a better place and the people in it happier happily obsessed with one or more hobbyhorses (usually five or six) aware from early childhood that he is different intelligent opinionated and outspoken, convinced that he is right and that the rest of the world is out of step noncompetitive, not in need of reassurance or reinforcement from society unusual in his eating habits and living arrangements not particularly interested in the opinions or company of other people, except in order to persuade them to his – the correct – point of view possessed of a mischievous sense of humor single usually the eldest or an only child bad speller what isn’t so funny or joyful is his later story about autism, accompanied by the iconic diagnoses sheet pictured at right. 	feel safer now? i guess somebody will sleep better at night knowing our department of homeland security is shaking down music and video pirates. their new plan: strategy targeting organized piracy (stop), a crackdown on the theft of u.s. intellectual property such as pirated compact discs and knockoff auto parts. the effort is consuming the attentions of attorney general john ashcroft, commerce secretary don evans and u.s. trade representative robert zoellick and senior officials from the department of homeland security. 	weird museum tour, september travelling buddies, willberry & cliff i should thank roadsideamerica.com for making a rainy day a _fun day_™. will and i were supposed to go on a hike, but the rain killed that plan and most anything else we could come up with. roadsideamerica.com gave us alternatives. randmcnally gave me directions. cliffy met me in warren, we picked up willberry in manchester, and headed off to our first stop in leominster. 	tales of woe i just got im’d by my friend karen. her sister got married this past weekend and they were all in new hampshire for the event. here’s the transcript: hi – sooooo sorry we did not call the wedding was insane everything kept going wrong all weekend i didn’t really expect you to call. not that i didn’t want to see you guys, but weddings are crazy stuff. the rehersal restaraunt closed, the chef for the reception quit, the organist over booked, the salon canceled our reservations, my wedding dress never got finished, it rained during the party at my mom’s house…. 	cocktail manifesto we’re huge fans of the new joy of cooking by marion rombauer becker, irma s. rombauer, and ethan becker. hardly a meal goes through our kitchen that isn’t shaped in some part by the recipes and general information in its pages. a recent discovery was joy’s description and defense of cocktail parties. so, when a book as serious and valuable as the new joy of cooking raises alarms about the declining future of cocktail parties, we listen. 	canned meats monday some time ago, a box with the above pictured contents went to chuck robidoux. he wrote back: nothing starts a monday off like kippered seafood snacks and deviled ham with a side of spam and potted meat food product followed by vienna sausage, all washed down with some icey cold clam juice. now i am ready to face the day. yours meatily, dr. meaty mcmeat meatofski meatovich hamkowsky-beafeau porkson 	politics, terror, & sexual identity i hadn’t given it the slightest thought, but then i read tinynibbles.com’s travel advisory (this site has been referenced previously at maisonbisson). what do politics, / , &amp; sexual identity have to do with each-other? read: traveling when you do not appear as the gender on your identification is much more tricky…. if your driver’s license says “f” and you look like an “m,” you’ll have some explaining to do. with the patriot act, when they run your license through at the airport, it automatically links to all other federal databases, and if there are any discrepancies, again you’ll have some explaining to do — and a possible delay. 	nixichron & techno-retro lust decades ago, nixie tubes were used as indicating devices in many different types of instrumentation, and ultimately replaced by the cheaper – and unattractive -led display. having been obsolete for almost a quarter century, these glowing bottles of ionized gas have attracted another generation who appreciate their beauty and mysterious function. the display tubes may be decades old, but the clock is gps accurate. those who’d rather just fiddle with nixi tubes than spend a pile on on a clock (though we all agree it would be well spent), can buy bare tubes here. 	feeling the web: pulse, buzz, zeitgeist flickr zeitgeist  blogpulse  yahoo! buzz  google zeitgeist  	round one: kerry , bush thank npr for putting audio of thursday’s presidential debate on their site. spin-masters will be working this one over for a while, but the original is the most important. there were people who expected bush to come off in his casual, frat-boy manner, but he didn’t. he stumbled, he got red-faced, and he never answered any questions. republicans like to stay on message, but their message, already short on details or plans, has grown stale. 	the mac vs. pc debate i generally don’t get into this, but a series of columns by paul murphy at linuxinsider (linuxinsider!) caught my attention. in macs are more expensive, right?, he compares apple’s offerings to dell’s and finds the pcs cost about the same or more than similarly equipped macs. at the low end…the pc desktops are marginally less expensive than the macs — if you can do without their connectivity and multimedia capabilities — and considerably more expensive if you can’t. 	film performance licensing in case the notion strikes me again, i’m putting these links here so i can find them in case the notion strikes me again. the aforementioned notion is one of wanting to do public performances of movies, who know why. this would be easy, except for copyright, so these links are for information about getting performance licenses for films. wisconsin department of public instruction’s information on performance, with links to disributors. 	cultural revolution-era clip art book oldtasty has posted a collection of pictures scanned from the pages of a clip art book of the cultural revolution. i’ve always enjoyed look of communist art, and i’m particularly pleased with this showing. 	things you can do with isbns jon udell has been working on librarylookup and other mechanisms for finding library content on the web. in the meantime, librarytechtonics, library stuff, and the shifted librarian have picked up on it. part of it is about oclc making their records available to search engines. now both yahoo! and google in the game. so what you do is put your isbn in the properly formatted url and you’ll be given links to libraries that hold it: via google and via yahoo! 	a day in the life of joe i’m not sure of the origins of the following text. there’s nothing patently false in it, so i’m posting it here for all to ponder. joe gets up at a.m. and fills his coffeepot with water to prepare his morning coffee. the water is clean and good because some tree-hugging liberal fought for minimum water-quality standards. with his first swallow of coffee, he takes his daily medication. his medications are safe to take because some stupid commie liberal fought to insure their safety and that they work as advertised. all but $ of his medications are paid for by his employer’s medical plan because some liberal union workers fought their employers for paid medical insurance – now joe gets it too. 	korean thanksgiving jong-yoon kim emailed to tell me today is chusok, the traditional korean thanksgiving day, when families gather and give thanks to their forebears. according to the lunar calendar, today, sep th, is aug th, the korean thanksgiving day. tonight, we will have the biggest and the brightest moon of the year. traditionally, we pray to the moon for our hope and believe that the moon will listen to us. enjoy the moon and have a great day. 	google news gamed? what happens when machines edit our news? what happens when news sources game google news to raise their ranking? online journalism review is asking that question, and has some interesting answers to report. it seems conservatives and conservative-biased news or quasi-news organizations use people’s full names, while mainstream sources and those with a liberal bent often use only the last name. the result: google newsing for “john kerry” results in some incredibly negative stories, but “george bush” is largely positive. 	ultra portable i’ve been interested in ultra-portable computers for some time. my first such computer was a newton message pad , which remains useful despite its age. the newton was replaced by a palm m that cost less and did less. no more email, web browsing, no writing or word processing. in short, nothing more than addresses, calendar, to-do lists, and a note or two jotted down using the infuriating graffiti text recognition. 	home-made arcade i found retro gamer magazine on the rack last week and couldn’t hep but pick it up. it’s issue six with a feature story on building both stand-up and cocktail arcade cabinets with pcs running mame (which isn’t to say you couldn’t use a mac instead). for now, i want to keep track of these related websites: check ultimarc for arcade buttons, sticks, and fancy interfaces to make them work. 	throwing google a bone for cliff cliff worries that his website, spiralbound.net, doesn’t get indexed by google often enough. he’s a good guy, so i figure i’ll prime the pump for him. here, google google. solaris docs: migrating veritas volume manager disk groups between servers{# } solaris docs: solaris disk partition layout{# } solaris docs: copying a boot drive between disks with different partion layouts if you’re looking for those, you should also take note of these here at maisonbisson: configuring sun t storage arrays and things to remember while doing upgrades on mission critical sun equipment. 	techlinks dartmouth college in the wifi limelight, again as they replace their . b aps with a+b+g aps. wifi net news wonders how wimax will change dartmouth’s plans next time around. foof makes some snazzy looking ipod and laptop cases. michelle has set up an example of the worst designed web page ever. it’s a counter-example thing. brad templeton brought a voip phone to burning man. 	it’s automotive week in the blogs first gizmodo published a feature on in-car computers. arstechnica got into the automotive theme by reporting the international cxt story. not to be outdone by gizmodo, engadget reported on the ultimate car computer install: a tatra with a mac in it. for some reason, i went looking at the tatra car-mod and found tatra trucks which seemed to connect back to arstechnica and caesar’s gushing about the hemtt. after all, the largest of the tatras is called the kolos (colossal). 	roderick’s sites roderick has been sending me links and i’ve been lax about posting them. some of these links are nsfw, and one of them is a present back to roderick. i’m not going to comment, because i’m lazy because i don’t want to prejudice you. corporate mofo a fundraiser billionaires for bush hello laziness: management tips from the executive slow lane 	kite aerial photography i got sort of excited about kite aerial photography a couple of weeks ago in a post about photoblogging. i was amazed with scott haefner‘s work and especially impressed with his vr picture of slain’s castle in scotland. scott is pretty serious about kap, and it shows in his description of his rig, but what’s an amateur or naive fool to do? engadget is doing features on things to do with an old digital camera, and this week they tackled kite aerial photography. 	scenes from the museum of bad art the museum of bad art (moba) in the dedham community theater. it’s in the basement outside the men’s bathroom, illuminated by a single fluorescent light hanging from the ceiling the moba slideshow. more photos from maisonbisson. 	sandee’s clothing donations it’s photos, but i think there’s actually only items. no, i’m not sure why i photo’d each one. more photos from maisonbisson 	the plastics museum the plastics museum is in leominster, ma, and online at plasticsmuseum.org. the national plastics center and museum is a non-profit institution dedicated to preserving the past, addressing the present and promoting the future of plastics through public education and awareness. the educational staff has supported this mission throughout the years by conducting hands-on science programming for schools, organizations and the plastics community. and, if you’re a lucky kid, your school might get a vist by the plastivan: 	the bellingham accident i pulled up to the stop sign at the end of north st., looking to turn left onto route in bellingham, ma, at about : pm on saturday september when i saw a red dodge neon coming down the hill towards me with its brakes locked up. it was a busy intersection and with roads still soaked from the heavy rains that had had been falling all that day and the day before but had recently cleared. 	funky time gizmodo pointed out this fancy clock by kikkerland. being the clock-fiend i am, i had trouble not looking for more. ship the web seems to have kikkerland’s entire catalog of clocks, which is more than enough to make me drool. of course i want this one and this one and this one and this one. 	“i wanted a tatra, so i got a tatra” engadget picked up on the story about the tatra with a mac in it. i couldn’t help checking for changes since i first saw the story. there’s a new version of dashmac, the control software, and it seems he can now control his car via sms messages, but most things seem in-line with where he was going. the thing is, i can’t help but get interested in the car itself. i sort of went gaga for tatras after seeing the original story and doing some research. 	 megapixels, cheap engadget was quite excited about the gateway dc-t megapixel camera, now selling for $ at various retailers. i know more than one person who wants a cheap digital camera that doesn’t suck, so i went looking for reviews. steve’s digicams has some really detailed reviews, so i was excited to see they covered the dc-t . they say it’s a rebranded toshiba pdr- . their review is based on a price of $ , so weigh that when considering their so-so conclusions. 	mobile carrier wireless networking i put together a list of wide area wireless networking options in semi-rural areas for a friend recently. it’s far from complete and may not be accurate, but it’s a start. the coverage area i was looking for was north of portland, me, but we all know coverage maps lie and local conditions vary. i focused on pc-cards, but most carriers sell phones that can be attached via usb port. 	these aren’t campaign commercials ebaum’s world added a couple of funny bush videos recently. what is soveriegnty? bumble mumble. two things: if he was a lot smarter, he would have known the meaning of “sovereignty,” but if we was just a little bit smarter, he would have known that the question was about how his government would treat native americans and answered that. the claim is that this is a video of george w. 	techlinks the save betamax campaign has nothing to do with videotape and everything to do with the fair-use rights that allow us to legally convert cds to mp s or legally use tivo to keep up with our favorite shows. these rights are under siege by content producers who want to charge consumers for every use. copyfighters look here. rumors are that oqo will release their ultra personal computer soon. 	be better dork: command line stuff be geeky and look at the apache modules: ``` /usr/sbin/httpd -l compiled in modules: core.c prefork.c http_core.c mod_so.c ``` set your path: ``` path=$path:/usr/sbin export path ``` 	project censored’s annual roundup project censored has released their list of the most censored stories of - : # : wealth inequality in st century threatens economy and democracy # : ashcroft vs. the human rights law that holds corporations accountable # : bush administration censors science # : high levels of uranium found in troops and civilians # : the wholesale giveaway of our natural resources # : the sale of electoral politics # : conservative organization drives judicial appointments # : cheney’s energy task force and the energy policy # : widow brings rico case against u. 	high and mighty i can’t help but steal the title to keith bradsher’s excellent book about the titanic rise of suvs on our highways. bradsher, in his book, makes note of efforts at freightliner and mercedes to release uber-suvs based on the companies’ commercial truck bodies but weighing in at just under the limit at which commercial drivers’ licenses would be required to operate them. both companies eventually decided against it, but now international is going forward with similar plans. the international cxt is the latest entry in the super suv market. at nine feet tall, over feet long, and cruising at six to ten miles per gallon (diesel), it’s the kind of vehicle any texan could love. ars technica went off-topic to give me the heads up. along the way, caesar got all excited about the hemtt. 	sewer in the woods, unknown flower found the left image in the woods near warren nh this weekend. photo is composite of four smaller pictures taken with my clie th , but the scene is entirely real. seperately, i found the flower on the right a week before, while hiking around the other side of the lake where the sewer scene was found. i’ve no idea what it is, but i’m not against finding out. more photos from maisonbisson 	pepper pad i can’t help but want one of pepper computer’s pepper pad hand-held computer thingies. it’s available for pre-order now at only $ . but what is it, you ask? according to pepper, it’s “either as a user’s only wireless computing device or […] a convenient, easy-to-use accessory to a pc.” it’s a linux-based palmtop computer with gb hard drive, x . ″ display, . b+g, and a bunch of other stuff. 	in-car computers the age of the in-car computer has come. one vendor calls them “carputers,” and gizmodo lays it out for those who want an intel-based cpu in their trunk/under the seat/in the dash. what to do with a computer in the car? now that computers have moved out of the den to become part of the home entertainment center, users are anxious to use that library of downloaded music in their cars too. 	claim: beverage choice = politics i’ve been a little slow to blog these things lately, but this comes from beverageworld magazine. they published the results of a poll connects beverage choices to political affiliation. they break the politics down into six choices: democrat, republican, independent, independent liberal, independent conservative, and none of these, then they compared booze and soda-pop choices for each. of booze, democrats and “none of these” drink the least. the three varieties of independents seem to drink the most. conservative independents are % more likely than the national average to tipple some variety of whisky, while liberal independents are % more likely to drink imported beer. overall, the liberals are more likely to drink than the conservatives, but republicans are more likely to drink than democrats. the implication, of course, is that candidates can woo swing drinkers by offering the right drink to the right person. which, as my wife would say, is just good manners. 	claim: sleep position = personality about a year ago, reuters reported on the results of some sleep research from professor chris idzikowski, director of the sleep assessment and advisory service and a visiting professor at the university of surrey in southern england. the story is still online now at wellspan.org and netscape news. in summary, your sleep position is a reliable indicator of your personality. here’s how it goes from netscape’s version of the story: 	nh license plates for a variety of reasons, i was happy to discover that nh allows drivers to check the availability of vanity plates online (though, somewhat nervous find that the state uses microsoft servers). the search enlightened me to a variety of plates i didn’t know about. we’ve all seen the “veteran” and “purple heart” plates, and a few “antique” plates, but i’ve never seen a “street rod” plate. but there are even more plates available. 	in car ipod without wanting to get into the rest of the story, i’m now trying to figure out how to plug an ipod into a scion xb. the xb comes with a stereo by pioneer, but i haven’t been able to get details about what inputs it supports. installer.com and logjam both offer connection kits that appear to give me rca aux inputs to the radio head unit, but pioneer offers a simple ip bus adapter that might also do the trick. 	photoblogging, etc. i think i’m a fan of flickr. it makes photoblogging easy and fun. easier, anyway, than setting up an email to blog solution on my own, and the community features are more fun than i’d expected them to be at the outset. flickr more or less automatically puts up a blog entry for each photo i upload (though i still have to configure the layout features to my satisfaction). anyway, in related web surfing, i came across the following: 	mini golf minigolf is very serious business. very serious. more photos from maisonbisson 	texas’ crony politics and the presidency i finished cronies by robert bryce recently and i can’t help but tell people about it. i hadn’t really wondered why so many presidents and vice-presidents have been from texas, but bryce did. “two of the last three american presidents — and three of the last eight — have been texans. each of them got to the white house by exploiting a network of money and power that no other state can match. 	co-worker it turns out that one of my co-workers is blogging over at live journal. 	rnc eve nyc’s sex workers expect to be extra busy while the republicans are in town. there’s been talk of terror alerts. get some backstory here, then read ridge issues alert for u-boatattacks on northeast coast (and laugh). google seems to think maisonbisson and alandwilliams are similar. there, i found pleasure boat captains for truth and cabbies against bush. it seems the cabbies are offering free rides to kennedy and newark airports for gop delegates who are willing to go to iraq to fight. 	muppin tongue muppin wags his tongue, leaves slobbery mess on lens. more photos from maisonbisson 	republican national convention to be windfall for nyc’s sex workers the new york metro reports that the sex industry is expecting a to percent uptick in business while the republicans are in town for the republican national convention this week. mary, a stripper at ten’s cabaret speaks from experience. she worked the rnc in philadelphia and expects the strip clubs in nyc to be “really crowded” during the convention, adding, “the girls have been talking about it literally since june. 	heat: dell server thermal load (btu/hour) it’s a shame that dell doesn’t list the thermal loads of their products in the datasheets at the online store. it’s a shame that it took several google searches to get close to a link with the info, then mine the google cache of a dell support forum and find/follow a chain of links before i could get that detail. as it turns out, there’s some dell and the environment page where they list all their products and their environmental properties/certifications/regulatory compliance. 	camera goes all to hell, bits recovered from memory card sandisk is playing this as the coolest thing that ever happened. some photographer planted a couple cameras to photo the demolition of a bridge over the mississippi, the explosion was bigger than he expected, he lost one of the cameras, but the cf card survived in working order. mobilemag has the story. sandisk has a press release. and every blog in the western world is echoing it. the photographer is don frazier, a staff photographer for the southeast missourian newspaper. 	o’reilly mac os x conference i trust o’reilly’s books, so when i see they’re running a conference about something i’m interested, i get excited. the third annual o’reilly mac os x conference is like that. with speakers like andy ihnatko, david pogue, and rael dornfest and tracks covering digital audio, “insanely great mac”, programming &amp; scripting, and system administration, this could be the summer macworld that no longer is. the effect would be complete if it were one the east coast. 	clie annoyances, part the clie th stylus is one of the most annoying parts of the palm os-based handheld. it’s small, too small. it telescopes to an almost usable length, but it’s still too narrow to hold comfortably. so i’m a little reticent to buy a replacement for the one i lost. also, you’d think the clie could have come with a decent sync cradle, or any sync cradle. and, while i’m whining, why can’t the keyboard also work as a sync cradle? 	making a dat/dds tape drive work on red hat enterprise linux we could see messages about the tape drive in dmesg, but it wasn’t giving the device name. we tried working with /dev/st , but we kept getting errors. everything seemed right, but it didn’t work. it turns out our scsi card was the problem. it wasn’t being properly recognized. after a tip, we tried the following: /sbin/modprobe aic xxx where “aic xxx” is appropriate for our adaptec card. we checked lsmod and found the aic xxx stuff properly initialized there (shortened output): 	itunes vs. firewalls itunes on the pc on my desk (notice i feel more possessive of the desk than the pc) hasn’t been able to share music to or from itunes on my powerbook. blame the firewall. a moment of googline led me to travis saling’s guide to enabling itunes sharing through a firewall. here’s the ports that need to be open: port tcp port udp however, he notes: 	the conservatives vs. the academy alternet has a story by joshua holland about the right’s crusade against lefties on campus. as i saw with my experience with the conservative sniper that was trolling here not long ago, the conservative mission is to criticize everything that’s off their message. holland describes this as “backlash” politics: the backlash came about when traditional big-business conservatives, tired of facing the resentment of ordinary working-class americans, stumbled onto ‘wedge’ social issues in the s. 	configuring sun t storage arrays sun’s t documentation is available online: the sun storedge t and t + array configuration guide explains physical configuration. the sun storedge t and t + array administrator’s guide explains the software side. the short course: creating volume ‘v ’ using half the disks: vol add v data u d - raid standby u d vol init v data vol mount v creating volume ‘v ’ using the other half of the disks: vol add v data u d - raid standby u d vol init v data vol mount v listing volumes: 	faith-based missile defense defense tech is reporting on the progress and prospects of missile defense (and their title is too good to pass up). early in his administration, president bush put a whole lot of stock in “faith-based” initiatives to solve domestic problems. now, the president seems to be taking the same approach to military matters. defense tech quotes slate’s fred kaplan: in the past six years of flight tests, here is what the pentagon’s missile-defense agency has demonstrated: a missile can hit another missile in mid-air as long as a) the operators know exactly where the target missile has come from and where it’s going; b) the target missile is flying at a slower-than-normal speed; c) it’s transmitting a special beam that exaggerates its radar signature, thus making it easier to track; d) only one target missile has been launched; and e) the “attack” happens in daylight. 	fbi investigates a friend sent this along yesterday: i was visited, a couple of weeks ago by an fbi agent investigating whether or not i was involved in terrorist activities. seems one of my neighbors (i don’t know who) placed an anonymous call saying that “[name deleted], who works for [airline name deleted] and lives [address deleted], resembled a terrorist on a watch list.” so, the guy had to come over here and make sure i was not evil. 	galleries of oddness i ran across darren barefoot‘s hall of technical documentation weirdness, where he catalogues “wacky, bizarre, surreal and otherwise strange examples of technical documentation.” considering the number of poorly done or just weird technical illustrations we’ve all seen, you’d think the gallery would be larger. when done with that, go to the snope‘s urban legends reference pages photo gallery. you’ll laugh at some of the images (and you’ve seen at least a few of them already), but the real entertainment here is in the stories that supposedly explain what’s true and what’s false. 	mac consulting i get a number of requests for help with people’s macs. they’re are often willing to pay, but the truth is that computer support (on any platform) is one of the things i least like to do. a typical question looks like this: we’d like to upgrade or replace our aging mac and have questions about how to upgrade or what to buy. we’d also like to network our computers on opposite ends of our house and are wondering about wireless. 	extra links swim-up, floating blackjack tables for your pool. yes, the hard rock las vegas has similar stuff, but their minimum bet is too high for my game. there’s a sock subscription service, and it’s been around for five years. a chinese dvd player manufacturer has developed a unit that excels at playing china’s famous black market dvds. i’m not that excited about case-mods, but this predicta case-mod gets my nod. 	flying car options in commenting on the space race story, zach pointed out that the moller skycar is still under development (which is better than going bankrupt or just disappearing — like so many other good ideas have). if you poke around the site you can find video of flight tests and sales info. yes, they’re taking deposits for deliveries they hope will start in . meanwhile, the sky hasn’t fallen on the trek aerospace millennium jet either. 	o’reilly covers rss ben hammersley’s content syndication with rss has got me back on the rss wagon. hammersley covers the history and context of rss’s development in more detail than many other tech books have given their subject. i’m ashamed that i didn’t know rss got its start as “hot sauce” in apple’s research labs. you won’t find it on the web now, but hot sauce was an interesting technology demonstration in / . i’m also ashamed i didn’t know of the connections between efforts at creating the “semantic web” and rss ( . 	random/color-light/balloon lamp im jealous i didn’t think of these things before kyouei ltd. released them as a product. a dvd that fills your tv with solid colors to illuminate the room. a cd with tracks for tones: “when using the ‘random’ function, the cd will automatically select random tones, and make a new melody.” a combination of battery, led, and balloon that results in a glowing glob of latex. the only thing cooler than these is a little book titled count sheep that was filled with pages of identical sheep arranged in rows and columns, ready for counting. 	rnc anarchy writer paul schmelzer has a list of (civil disobedience?) actions against the rnc in nyc. among the actions planned: bikes against bush, radio jacking, backback broadcasts, wifi on wheels, and accurate crowd counts. crowd counts? it seems government bodies like to undercount the number of people protesting against them, so a few hactivists will be using technology to gather crowd images from above and use image analysis software to do the counting. 	we the media dan gillmor’s we the media caught my attention. from the publisher’s description: for the first time, bloggers have been awarded press credentials to cover the national political conventions. …grassroots journalists, including bloggers, […] are dismantling big media’s monopoly on the news. through internet-fueled, interactive vehicles like weblogs, these readers-turned-reporters are transforming the news from a lecture to a conversation. they’re publishing in real time to a worldwide audience that’s eager to read their independent, unfiltered reports. 	look ma, no fire protection alternet is featuring a story about the bush administration’s attempts to reduce nuclear power plant safety requirements. this news might have slipped by unnoticed, except mainichi daily news is reporting on a steam explosion at a japanese nuclear plant that killed four and injured seven workers today. bush’s plan, against this background, seems haphazard. at least this accident didn’t result in a radiation leak, the the tokaimura nuclear accident did. 	space race heats up it’s been almost years since sputnik began the space race and years since a few men hobbled about on the moon, but i don’t yet have a flying car and i can’t take an orbiting vacation. folks, the space race wasn’t won, it was abandoned. and that’s why we have the ansari x prize. burt rutan’s team seemed to be in the lead earlier this year with the successful launch of spaceshipone, the competition has been in the news lately. 	strange days this story is too complex for me to do it justice, but too interesting to ignore: the mainichi daily news is reporting chess champion bobby fischer has been jailed in japan. fischer, a one-time world grand master who represented the us in cold war grudge matches against the ussr, but has since mostly fallen out of public view and, perhaps, gone a little crazy, was arrested in japan for passport violations. 	juliusblog on coincidence: bush ratings vs. terror alerts juliusblog has a chart comparing approval ratings on a timeline with terror alerts. guess what? juliusblog makes the following observations: whenever his ratings dip, there’s a new terror alert. every terror alert is followed by a slight uptick of bush approval ratings. whenever there are many unfavorable headlines, there’s another alert or announcement (distraction effect). as we approach the elections, the number and frequency of terror alerts keeps growing, to the point that they collapse in the graphic. 	now listed in blogshares? i moment or two of ego-googling lead me to blogshares, where maisonbisson is trading me as a penny stock. oh well. 	cronies a co-worker just handed me robert bryce’s cronies. from the publisher’s description: texans are running the country — maybe the world. now the author of pipe dreams examines who they are, how they got into power, and how they reward themselves and each other, often at the expense of american taxpayers. no other province holds more political and economic power than the lone star state. two of the last three american presidents — and three of the last eight — have been texans. 	fear aint the word for it mix a born again christian who confuses christ and god (yup, check molly ivins for the quote), clinical and medicated depression, several million believers and call it the church of bush! fear is just the beginning. 	village voice: church of bush i started to make noise about this a few weeks ago in my story about fahrenheit / : i’m growing increasingly uneasy about the cult-of-bush-worship that brittany spears exemplified in her appearance in fahrenheit. the greeks expected questions and debate, so did the romans before the fall of the republic. egyptian pharaohs, mayan emperors, and soviet premiers may have killed or non-personed those who questioned them, but democracy demands otherwise. 	mysilo knowing that everybody wants a missile silo, bari has posted his for sale on ebay (thanks to defensetech for the pointer). silo world has the skinny on titan silo design, npr did a story on missile silo homes a few years ago, though most of the silos are empty, abandoned, and dangerous. still, there are one or two realtors that specialize in missile silos. 	news: bush bushed i hadn’t heard of capitol hill blue until a friend forwarded this story about bush’s paranoid isolation. first, i should say that paranoid isolation isn’t all bad. it worked well enough for ol’ &lt;a href=&quot;http://retroplanet.net/ hughes.html&rdquo; title=&quot;howard &ndash; &ldquo;i&rsquo;m not a paranoid deranged millionaire; goddamit, i&rsquo;m a billionaire&rdquo; &ndash; hughes&quot;&gt;howard — “i’m not a paranoid deranged millionaire; goddamit, i’m a billionaire” — hughes, but then hughes wasn’t president and didn’t think he was on a mission from god. 	‘pod happy the new ipod came monday. stepping up to it from the second generation ipod i had is amazing. most noticeable differences so far: i can now charge from the computer and play music (in the g ipod, it locks the interface and flashes “do not disconnect” any time it’s plugged in to a computer), the ui is faster or more responsive and is now customizable (a bit), it pauses playback when the external power supply turns off (especially useful in the car). 	things you have to believe to be a republican today my father forwarded this to me this morning: saddam was a good guy when reagan armed him, a bad guy when bush’s daddy made war on him, a good guy when cheney did business with him and a bad guy when bush needed a “we can’t find bin laden” diversion. trade with cuba is wrong because the country is communist, but trade with china and vietnam is vital to a spirit of international harmony. 	woody guthrie on copright copyfight is reporting on the infringement lawsuit threatening the creators of the presidential election parody animation that’s getting all the laughs. they’re quoting techdirt which apparently has a quote from guthrie himself: this song is copyrighted in u.s., under seal of copyright # , for a period of years, and anybody caught singin’ it without our permission, will be mighty good friends of ourn, cause we don’t give a dern. 	apple fusses over fuse fuse, a music tv network trying to compete with mtv by actually playing music videos done some bilboards in nyc that look a lot like apple’s silhouette ads, but with people pole dancing and masturbating and stuff. gizmodo came through and posted images of the ads so low brow people outside ny (like me) could be further corrupted by them (i’m not complaining here). let’s hear it for gizmodo. yeah! 	these aren’t cubes also at gizmodo: the volume macropod. they’re like cubicles, but cooler. they’re mobile, but useful. ad agency chiat-day made big news about giving up structured offices and such back around [cnn story &amp; supervert.com story]. the point, of course, is to have people working out of cube farms because they’re cheaper, cheaper, cheaper. problem is, they feel cheap and they make employees feel unvalued. according to the cnn story: “employees who were […] looking forward to having a regular office the way they always thought it was going to be, and then they don’t have that. 	this land greg &amp; evan spiridellis oever at jib jab have put together a damn funny flash movie about the presidential race. from the lyrics: … kerry: “you can’t say ‘nuclear,’ that really scares me. sometimes a brain can come in quite handy” … bush: “you’re a liberal sissy” kerry: “you’re a right wing nut job” bush: “you’re a pinko commie” kerry: “you’re dumb as a doorknob” 	life goes on… sandee called me from home friday to say she was having trouble playing music from our primary music server. every time she selected a song itunes complained that it couldn’t find the file. i had a plausible explanation at the time and didn’t think much of it, but sandee was really reporting something much more serious: the complete loss of all our music. over the past five years or so, we’d built a collection of about gigabytes of music, just under , files that could play / for over two months straight without repeating. 	mapparium, boston religious landmarks usually don’t interest me, but the mapparium really is a sight to see. …the mapparium, located within the christian science publishing society. a thirty-foot stained-glass globe room in lobby of the christian science publishing society gives one an ‘inside view’ of the world. standing on the thirty-foot glass bridge, which traverses the diameter of this large sphere, visitors can virtually be encompassed by the world. from pole to pole, you can journey through and explore the correct proportion and relationship of the earth”s land and water areas. 	you can take it with you: dvds on palm/clie junglemike has an interesting post on compressing video for palm playback at the src forums (n the cliesource forums): this guide explains in detail how you can prepare video to watch on you palm handheld. it [is usefull] for converting full-length . - hour movies to be stored on even a small mb sd-card with uperior quality. let me not fail, however, to mention that this seemingly harmless and legal use of technology puts users smack in the middle of the biggest land (property) war since napoleon invaded russia. 	fox and conservative pals out spreading more slander and libel welcome the flacks. i don’t get many comments on stories here at maisonbisson, so i was interested when i found a comment to my story about the outfoxed documentary just an hour after i’d posted it. here’s my theory, and it’s supported by stories in eric alterman’s what liberal media and al franken’s lies: conservative groups spend a huge amount of time identifying and attacking every liberal criticism. this mysterious matt (perhaps from ohio? 	outfoxed outfoxed: rupert murdoch’s war on journalism is out on dvd and vhs now. outfoxed examines how media empires, led by rupert murdoch’s fox news, have been running a “race to the bottom” in television news. this film provides an in-depth look at fox news and the dangers of ever-enlarging corporations taking control of the public’s right to know. i was hooked before i saw the outfoxed preview, but i’m definitely buying the dvd now. 	another military family against bush another military family against bush bumper stickers and other products available. another military family against bush value t-shirt another military family against bush long sleve t-shirt another military family against bush frisbee another military family against bush mug another military family against bush big mug another military family against bush messenger bag another military family against bush bumper sticker another military family against bush: all products why? my mother called in tears the other night after watching fahrenheit / . 	cheap food, cheap labor i’ve found myself in a number of conversations about food safety lately. eric schlosser’s fast food nation: the dark side of the all-american meal comes up regularly, but i keep wanting to mention bushwhacked: life in george w. bush’s america. why? because molly ivins and lou dubose did such great job explaining the political context in which the attrocities schlosser describes take place. “with republican control of the presidency and both houses of congress, you might want to consider becoming a vegetarian. 	old news, big story google just lead me to wage slave journal where i found an august story about american casualties in iraqi. it turns out fox news was comparing iraq to california and claiming the former was safer than the latter. fox can’t do math, but others can. should anybody ask, you should know that if californians were dying at the rate us soldiers in iraq are, the governator would be facing deaths per day. 	drm snuffs the constitution teleread brought me this story about a copy protected version of the us constitution that’s now selling on amazon. among the restrictions: it can only be printed twice a year. for those who don’t understand the irony already, the us constitution is in the public domain in so many ways it’s funny, yet a commercial publisher has created a version so locked up that it can’t be used and appreciated by all. 	fahrenheit / we expect fox news and the washington times to hate it, but the reaction from the left seems to prove the old adage that a liberal wouldn’t join his or her own side in an argument. my own arguments against it relate to how little new information it revealed. the audience at the show i saw laughed hysterically at the images of our government primping themselves for the camera and generally looking dim, but the facts of the film have been well reported in previous works. 	more japanese ice cream i got all excited about some unappealing japanese ice cream flavors when i found the story in mainichi daily news a while ago. i thought the lineup of fish, octopus, squid, ox tongue, sweet potato, fried eggplant, crab, corn, rice, wasabi, shrimp, eel, noodle, chicken wing, miso, and cactus flavored ice cream had everything pretty well covered, but now mdn has done it again. they’ve put up a new gallery of flavors of ice cream you’re unlikely to find in the us: 	more about clie th palmzone has a nice story about the th with a number of links to software, updates and more information. what everybody should appreciate is the link to the clie movie recorder. i thought i was so smart in an earlier story when i linked to the google query i used to find this file. that worked for about a month until my site landed at the top of the google index for that search. 	beef t-shirts rock beef t-shirts coming back: it was quite a while ago now that my cafe press shop was the top google result for beef t-shirt. worse, i haven’t linked to the shop from maisonbisson for a while either. so it was something of a surprise to discover that the products are still selling. yes, real people are buying these laughable t-shirts and other crap. they’ve been shipped to california, illinois, ohio, and oklahoma (as well as a few to me here in new hampshire). 	this is copyrighted? defense tech is reporting that the warner/electric/atlantic conglomerate of music labels gave up its defense in a copyright case against their artist wilco. it seems wilco sampled from irdial-disc’s compilation of recordings from mysterious radio stations that everybody expects to be related to espionage (and clearly emanate from government buildings and embassies). nobody argues that wilco sampled from a previously recorded work, the argument was weather irdial’s work was itself copyrightable. 	nauset beach panoramas more photos from maisonbisson taken monday morning, around : , before getting on the road to return to new hampshire. troy and karen were kind enough to invite me to the cape for the weekend, where i generally lazed about and did nothing. we did take in a double feature at the wellfleet drive-in (don’t miss the picture) and ate lots of ice cream, but the main point was being lazy. 	the letter not sent (re: lpfm, npr, nhpr, complaint) i was going through my files and found this unfinished letter to nhpr, my local national public radio affiliate, regarding the fcc’s proposed licensing of community-based low-power fm radio stations (lpfm). my point was (or it was going to be) that npr was afraid to compete against other non-profit stations. npr paints itself as an alternative to commercial radio (and it does a pretty good job most of the time), but it’s also a business. so npr joined with commercial broadcasters to kill lpfm before it could get off the ground. the fight included big broadcasting’s techs playing faked interference to scare lawmakers, but then they had to backtrack and call it “simulated” when somebody blew the whistle. sadly, it really didn’t matter what the played; they brought the money and the pols gave a bullet to lpfm. april , mr. sean t. gillery director of development new hampshire public radio north main street concord, nh - mr. gillery i recently received a letter from you regarding renewals to our nhpr membership and i wanted to take a moment to express to you my concerns over national public radio’s opposition to community-based low power fm radio. as you know, npr joined with the national association of broadcasters to lobby for legislation that has blocked the fcc from licensing lpfm stations. i believe that npr’s position on lpfm betrays the beliefs and philosophy that had once drawn me to public radio. can npr or nhpr be trusted to put its listeners’ needs first and its commercial interests last? not anymore. i am growing increasingly concerned that the recent and ongoing consolidation of the radio marketplace will further limit and degrade coverage of news, culture, and local events. npr has covered the consolidation and aired concerns about its negative effects: morning edition, “radio merger explosion” december , weekend all things considered, “black radio” august , all things considered, “radio consolidation” january , . all things considered, “radio merger” october , . unfortunately, coverage of the mergers ended when the fcc began considering lpfm in . since then, npr has run a handful of lpfm stories. each one focused on the potential for technical problems the lpfm law might create and the battle in washington to prevent the licensing of lpfm stations. but none of the coverage discussed the reasons why the fcc was proposing lpfm. none of this coverage put lpfm in the context of the earlier commercial radio consolidations. npr, of course, had to issue a very carefully crafted press release to explain their position. i can’t imagine what the response, if any, from nhpr would have been had i sent the letter. in the time that’s past, the republican controlled fcc has proposed measures that would lead to further market consolidation. ironically, an nhpr sponsored station is one of the few lpfm licenses granted by the fcc before the law ended further licensing. the station, which plays classical music in the concord area, went on the air just this year. 	comment spam first i was amused to see comments, then somewhat angered to discover they were spam, then amused again to find that comment spam etiquette requires that it be gratuitously patronizing. then i struggled to decide if i could delete the comments without feeling like i was censoring free speech. my solution (and it’s sort of evil) is to delete the comments (and the links they contained, i don’t want my (puny) google rank associated with them), but reprint them here: 	foiled troy has this image of a tin-foiled cubical on his blog. it comes from servers under the sun and is interesting enough. now that i’m checking his blog regularly, i’m sort of wishing he’d update more often (not that he doesn’t have a lot of interesting stuff in archive). . 	six months of books: the art of deception asmara bloody saturday in the soviet union the cockpit dangerous waters face to face with the bomb flight the iron triangle lies and the lying liars who tell them the new roadside america parting the desert reefer madness small things considered states of emergency an underground education wireless hacks audio books: bushwacked in a sunburned country re-reads: divided highways the race the real las vegas 	allconsuming.net allconsuming.net aggregates book mentions on the web, mostly in blogs. assuming bloggers can be trusted, the allconsuming stats can show a lot about what people are reading and talking about. david sedaris’ new book dress your family in corduroy and denim is ranking with mentions today and the day before (or, that’s what it was when i checked it last night). dan brown’s the davinci code consistently ranks near the top of each day, and both these books will get bosted a notch when allconsuming trolls me again today. all consuming is a website that visits recently updated weblogs every hour, checking them for links to books on amazon, barnes &amp; noble, book sense, and other book sites. every book on this site has a list of all the weblogs that have mentioned it, and every weblog that has mentioned books in the past also has a page here listing which books it has mentioned. it’s more than a website, it’s also a set of web services by a guy who seems to know his way around xml, soap, rss and other incredibly useful acronyms. he even authored some chapters in amazon hacks from o’reilly press. anyway, call me a fan. 	faces richard coniff writes in the january smithsonian magazine about the work of uc san fran prof paul ekman and his study of faces. it carries pictures of a work by artists bill viola and his wife kira perov. yeah, sure, the face is capable of movements expressing , different expressions. yeah, bill’s work is interesting, but… i have two complaints. first, there’s all this talk that facial expressions are confusing. 	sun’s little marketing problem sun had to make changes. they’re (or were) getting their butts handed to them in the mid-range and entry level server markets, so those changes had to come fast. there was a time when the top of their low-end server lineup was the v with four ultrasparc iii cpus in a u rack enclosure. trouble is, it lists way over $ , . they can’t cut the price on it without bleeding money, and worse, they can’t scrap their old models because their inventory of pieces and parts is too much to swallow if they did. so what they did do is release a new line of low-end servers at half the price, but with some slightly different specs (and, i’d imagine, cheaper manufacturing processes) while preserving their older, more expensive servers in the line as the “better” machines. example: the v is similar to the v but has fewer dimm slots and sports ultrasparc iiii cpus. the usiiii doesn’t have the brains to do more than four-way multi-processing, but the designers used the chip real estate that freed up to put one mb of on-chip l cache. the usiii usually comes in machines with mb of external l cache, but it runs far slower than the cpu’s clock rate. eight mbs of cache is a lot, but arguments seem to favor a much faster one mb internal cache when performance is on the line. beyond the cache issue, the iiii sports a faster interconnect bus called jbus which further decreases the value of an off-chip l cache. access to main ram at almost the same speed as the l cache in previous cpus, and greater over-all throughput combined with the integrated l cache, how can sun argue that the iiii is slower than the old iii? but that’s exactly what sun is doing. their old manufacturing processes left them sitting on huge inventories for all manner of machines, and until they can clear those out, they’ll be sending some difficult marketing messages. the basics of it are like this: if you’re a regular sun customer and can afford it, then continue to buy the really expensive boxes. if you can’t afford it and might otherwise buy servers from our competitors, then take a look at these newer, cheaper models. and if you’ve never bought sun before, take a look at the speedy performance and low-cost of this v . 	how copyright law changed hip hop kembrew mcleod’s story about how copyright law changed hip hop in stay free! magazine is an interesting tale of how copyright kills culture. in the mid- to late s, hip-hop artists had a very small window of opportunity to run wild with the newly emerging sampling technologies before the record labels and lawyers started paying attention. no one took advantage of these technologies more effectively than public enemy, who put hundreds of sampled aural fragments into it takes a nation and stirred them up to create a new, radical sound that changed the way we hear music. 	jfk and mr. rogers look the same well, they sorta’ look the same. sorta. 	the real florida gators from an email from my dad: florida allows those who win permits to take three alligators. they sell the meat and hides , except the tails, which have the best cuts of alligator meat, and which they normally keep to feed their families. mal asked how the alligator meat is cooked; the lady said by cutting it into cubes and deep frying it. she said it tastes just like chicken. 	leadership who can complain about being compared favorably to ol’ jfk? (yes, in a really vain way, i was happy about it.) a co-worker was surprised to be matched with saddam hussein, but my boss was happy to be gandhi. numbskull, meanwhile, looks like abe. in another test, i was matched with indiana jones and raiders of the lost ark. what famous leader are you? what classic movie are you? 	extra stories a friend of a friend says his life is made up of places he can no longer go (or is no longer invited). sad, but somewhat true. he’s also a funny bastard. – – – sandee’s aunt had her th birthday not long ago. the aunt makes cakes on the side so it was no big thing when her daughters (who were planning the surprise birthday party for her) asked if she’d make a cake for some unknown group one of them was in. 	top google lamson library’s portal integration project tops google’s search hits for “library portal integration.” i’ve been crowing about it all over campus for a week now, and while you can argue about what real value it has, it’s still exciting. 	worldcat now available to world (via google) i’d heard that that oclc was opening up worldcat, their huge bibliographic database, to google. it seems to be online now. if you happen to google some very complete search terms for dan brown’s the da vinci code (look for the worldcatlibraries url), you’ll find a link to the public worldcat record. interesting, but i wonder where this will go. in fairness, this news is about six months old. jenny reported it in december. 	cliff’s piranha he’s named it officer angry, and it eats like a monster. it looks like a monster too, so that’s not so bad. videos of the fishy fellow eating are at cliff’s website: officer angry chases chow{# } and officer angry eats off a stick{# }. the second one is much better than the first. yes, i shot both, and just as an aside, they were taken with my clie th- (but edited with imovie). 	re: gasoline blackout day (wednesday, may , ) from jon link, who can also be seen at thenumbskull.com: i hate expensive gas as much as anyone but, this is a problem of our own design. we don’t need to stop buying oil for one day, we need to buy less oil in general. we love capitalism– supply and demand is it’s cornerstone… it can help or hurt us. it is just silly to think that one day without gas will do anything to supply and demand. 	jon link goes online with thenumbskull.com okay, his self portrait on my white board has nothing to do with his recent website launch, but…well…. thenumbskull.com more photos from maisonbisson 	japanese ice cream…novelties? fish, octopus, squid, ox tongue, sweet potato, fried eggplant, crab, corn, rice, wasabi, shrimp, eel, noodle, chicken wing, miso, and cactus. those may not sound like appetizing ice cream flavors, but it’s what they’ve got. 	the secret poetry of donald rumsfeld pieces of intelligence : the existential poetry of donald h. rumsfeld from amazon’s description: “until now, the poetry of secretary of defense donald rumsfeld has been hidden, ’embedded’ within comments made at press briefings and in interviews. his preferred medium is the spoken word, and his audience has been limited to hard-bitten reporters and hard-core watchers of c-span.” the unknown as we know, there are known knowns, 	dmcra vs. dmca get the word out. the fight is on to create sensible limits to the dmca. read arstechnica’s dmcra argument. copyfight, of course, is covering dmcra, and arguing for it. teleread is swinging for dmcra too. heck, they’ve even endorsed a congressional candidate based on his stand on fair-use. read those and act. tell your congressperson you support fair-use and the dmcra. now say it again with the eff: “i believe in fair-use. 	the twig it’s actually called the garlic clove, but for a variety of reasons, we just call it the twig. more photos from maisonbisson 	how do you sell a castle? when you call around for realtors to sell your ‘house,’ how do you tell them it’s a castle? i somehow found out about the martin castle in kentucky, but that lead to information about the dupont castle and that sites guide to over castles in the us. dupont reports there was a fire at martin castle just yesterday. the lexington herald-leader covered the fire. so, i guess the real question is “who do you call to insure a castle? 	in the window sarah left these as a gift for wendy in the window of her new toy. 	tesla’s history in colorado springs, colorado nikola tesla arrived in colorado springs on may , . he was met at the train by patent lawyer leonard curtis, and was taken by horse and carriage to the alta vista hotel, where he would reside while in colorado. tesla was greeted at the hotel by a group of reporters, one of whom asked him why he chose colorado for his operation. tesla replied, “i might as well tell you the truth, i have come here to carry on a series of exhaustive experiments in regard to wireless telegraphy — i come here for work. 	joe’s chickens and turkeys joe’s prized chickens and turkeys. in the brooders now. they’ll be in their coops by may. more photos from maisonbisson 	restaurant insider a link from wifi networking news points to qsr magazine, the trade mag for the quick service restaurant industry (think mcdonalds and taco bell). the connection here is that mcdonalds plans to offer wireless access in , locations. with mcdonald’s off the market, wifi hotspot operators are looking to hook the next big fish, and that’s why wifi networking news is linking to qsr’s top chains list. some technologists would speak about how we’re moving ever closer to the time when we have ubiquitous hi-speed wireless. 	music biz sales up uk markets first reported it, then australia’s record industry tried to suppress it, now us sales figures suggest the trend has spread here: record sales are up. yes, despite the riaa’s whining and lawsuits (and p p’s continued growth despite those lawsuits), record sales are up in the us. bbc news reports us record sales up % after a claimed four year slump. this story deserves more attention, but for now i’ll just have to link to my earlier stories about music industry wackiness: 	bringing digital video back to the living room you can burn dvds of your home movies (and you probably ought to, just for backups), but what if you want to make a movie library to match your computer-based music library? watching video on a computer is no more fun than listening to mp s on the computer’s tinny internal speaker. the solution may be one of a new generation of products that link the tv in the living room to the computer in the office. 	exploring the news newsmap displays current news in an explorable two dimensional space. headline sizes appear to be weighted based on the number of related stories. like plumbdesign’s visual thesaurus, it’s a truly new use of computer in the display of information. 	jacque’s cabaret bostonnoise.org says “jacques’ cabaret is boston’s oldest gay bar. the upstairs features live female impersonator shows five nights per week, including weekends. the downstairs basement is open only on friday and saturday, and hosts local bands.” jacque’s official website shows norell gardner &amp; his cast of miss-leading ladies playing every friday and saturday upstairs. the raw bar, “a return to the old style of cabaret where artists entertain each other, for the pure art and enjoyment of it, creating a space for talented people who don’t have the opportunity to perform because their music or performance is more artistic than commercial,” was featured in the globe and plays downstairs at jacque’s underground on the second friday of every month. 	voip links vonage is starting to look like the ma-bell of voip. it’s not that there isn’t competition — there is, but they just don’t have the profile that vonage has. it looks like vonage has picked up the early adopters, now they have to start converting others. the market seems to have three fields: computer-to-computer only, software client with pots bridging, and hardware client with pots bridging. i don’t much care about the computer-to-computer systems, aim and ichat take care of that well enough. 	richard clarke’s insider tell-all tom maertens speaks on richard clarke’s insider story in a star tribune article dated sunday march . the troops who could have been used in afghanistan to capture osama bin laden and al-qaida were instead held back for the planned invasion of iraq. in contrast to the , men sent to iraq, only about , troops were sent to afghanistan, a force smaller than the new york city police. the result is that bin laden and his followers escaped across the border into pakistan. … clarke’s gutsy insider recounting of events related to / is an important public service. from my perspective, the bush administration has practiced the most cynical, opportunistic form of politics i witnessed in my years in government: hijacking legitimate american outrage and patriotism over / to conduct a pre-ordained war against saddam hussein. 	copyright war something doesn’t add up. aria, australia’s version of our riaa recently announced that sales continued to slide there this past year, while critics pointed out that they really had a record-breaking year with million album sales. thank arstechnica for the link. this matches news from the uk this past summer. so why is the industry lying? ignore for a moment the ironic story about the music industry using p p stats to improve their marketing and sell more records. 	why music biz loves p p jason shultz over at copyfight just posted this story about the mercury news’ story about how record labels use p p stats to boost sales. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.corante.com/copyfight/archives/ .html&rdquo; title=&quot;record labels using &ldquo;pirate&rdquo; data to sell more cds&quot;&gt;record labels using “pirate” data to sell more cds (posted by jason schultz) the merc has a great article on how the riaa bashes p p out of one side of their mouth while secretly using data from the networks to boost sales of their cds. 	political diagramming a graph from orgnet plots book purchasing patterns by politics.there’s not much middle ground there. “these political books are preaching to the converted. the extreme book titles on both sides reveal a focus on hate, instead of debate. in a year of presidential election, is this the new arms race?” could it be that our book readers are key opinion leaders in their communities? an opinion leader is someone whose influence spreads much further than their immediate circle of friends &amp; family. 	what is the simputer? i just saw a pointer to the amida simputer, an indian designed and manufactured pda. the review at engadget sounds sort of down, but it comes from a company on a mission. it seems others are fed up with importing (and paying for) us technology, so they’re developing their own. take a look-see at the amida and mix that with a quick browse of the argosy eb , a chinese designed ebook reader. 	hmmm… boats it looks like a tug boat, but the great harbour could be a lot of fun. a magazine article talks about bareboat charters in the british virgin islands and the pleasures quietly exploring the coves and uninhabited areas on your own. 	nasa’s x flies nasa’s x scramjet test plane flew at speeds exceeding mach and altitudes of , feet today. i believe that’s a new air-breathing speed record. globalsecurity.org has a nice wite-up on it. 	american proprietary eponyms there i was googling “proprietary” for a story about misuse of the word when i came across this gem from r.krause: an eponym is a general term used to describe from what or whom something derived its name. therefore, a proprietary eponym could be considered a brand name (product or service mark) which has fallen into general use. yes, r. has a bunch of them listed, xerox, jell-o, velcro, and more. too bad it was last updated in . i wonder when “google” turned from brand name to verb. 	what does proprietary mean, anyway? googling “proprietary” results in lots of hits, but very few of them use the word in a positive sense. the webopedia computer dictionary offers: proprietary privately owned and controlled. in the computer industry, proprietary is the opposite of open. a proprietary design or technique is one that is owned by a company. it also implies that the company has not divulged specifications that would allow other companies to duplicate the product. 	thank chank the font designing folks at chank have a nice list of free fonts to pick from. sure, they’re not the fonts you use to design flyers for the church social or nursing home holiday dinner, but that’s sort of the point. isn’t it? anyway, they also link to nerfect where you’ll find other cool designey things. 	integrating library systems in campus portals information about lamson library’s portal integration at plymouth state university. i’ll expand this story later, but i want to put the link here now to get it in google’s index. 	update on pen twirling i did a story on the practice of pen twirling in japan a couple years ago. since then i have received an email from pierre etienne bastouil who is trying to organize a pen twirling competition in paris. despite the popularity of the sport in japan, he’s having some difficulty finding skilled pen twirlers in europe. so the call is out, interested pen twirlers should contact me and i will forward you on to pierre. 	schlossberg quote “the skill of writing is to create a context in which other people can think.” –edwin schlossberg 	squirm squirm little man far too often the mainstream press lets politicians get away with revising or misrepresenting their previous positions. far too often the press is complicit in their lies. not this time. hopefully quoticus will develop into a very useful historical truth machine to prevent revisionism. hopefully. 	ny times on netflix the new york times did a netflix story. the author, william grimes, seemed to like it, but… [my wife and i] each judge the other’s selections harshly. i scored a major victory with “mon oncle” by jacques tati, a director i once dismissed as tedious, annoying and far too french. he is now a god in our house. but i have had my back against the wall after “l’atalante,” a film i had never seen but knew to be, by expert consensus, a towering masterpiece. less than minutes after the opening credits rolled, the atmosphere in the living room grew frosty. i lost control of the mouse for a week. at least i had the foresight to sneak off and watch “russian ark” on my own. that’s the fun of netflix. along with savage recriminations, my home now resonates with high-toned animated discussion of directors, cinematographers and camera angles. once again i’m the moviegoer i was in college, when bergman, fellini and truffaut were in full stride, and adventure was in the air, and bright-eyed cinéastes could sit through a film like “el topo” and not demand their money back. it’s not available on netflix, alas, but the web site does propose an alternative, a compilation of “ed sullivan” shows featuring topo gigio. close enough. interesting enough, but netflix — and services yet to appear — are a sign of things to come: a world of entertainment shaped by the consumer, not by marketers. netflix executives say their edge over the competition is not their library but the way the library is presented to users, who are asked to rate the films they have seen. by sifting through the ratings, about million of them at present, and analyzing buying patterns, a company program called cinematch generates rental suggestions specific to each user. “lost in translation will outperform most $ million films for us, and that’s because of our ratings and recommendations,” said ted sarandos, the chief content officer for netflix. “monster will be huge for us, and that’s not because our subscribers are more sophisticated than the general moviegoing public, but because our merchandising system is much more specific.” it will be a world of what you want, and only what you want, as clearly marked by your previous purchases and selections. you’ll never be upset by products that you don’t want, even if you didn’t know you didn’t want them, nor will you have to tolerate contrary opinions or debate. 	dr. seuss was so political who would have figured old dr. seuss was so political? rick minear at ucsd has collected a number of the good doctor’s works as chief editorial cartoonist for the new york newspaper pm. “because of the fame of his children’s books (and because we often misunderstand these books) and because his political cartoons have remained largely unknown, we do not think of dr. seuss as a political cartoonist,” writes minear. 	turkeys on the lot! turkeys aren’t small birds. along the commute from home to work, they’re as common as pigeons in a city park, but it’s still odd to see a turkey in the parking lot (video link). the source video was taken with a sony clie peg-th and edited — just a bit — in imovie. 	wireless voip gphone is a bust for me, at least for now, but other solutions are available. ars technica pointed out an . b wireless voip phone from zyxel. then there’s the vocera voip communicator badge that everybody at dartmouth college uses. they were happy to show it off during the unleashed wireless conference they hosted last fall. [updated]: the voip market is heating up. vonage is set to offer a wireless phone soon to help compete against at&amp;t’s new entry into the voip market. then there’s voicepulse and packet also making a play in the full-service residential/small business voip market. 	gamer’s delight: palm emulates gameboy, atari st and apple //e i saw a link for a palm-based gameboy emulator, then was stunned to read about an atari st emulator for palm. a quick google search later, and i found an apple //e emulator too!. it’s the old-timer in me, but i really enjoyed the games on those old systems. more info on the apple //e emulator for palm are at palm info center and freewarepalm. palmemu links up a number of emulators for palm. 	gphone doesn’t work on clie th i’ve given up on vli’s tech support for gphone, the voip software for palm. the download page said it was compatible with palm os .x devices, but was only tested on the palm tungsten c. i contacted support after trying it on my clie th , but fell into a loop where they kept recommending i try the same simple things and telling me that clies use non-standard audio hardware. i’d, in turn, tell them the results of those simple tests and explain that the th uses standard palm audio apis. hopefully they’ll find a solution, but i think the hangup with the gphone software is a network problem. 	recording video on clie peg th the cliesource forums are an excellent source of info. it turns out that installing the movierecorder.prc (version . ) from a ux onto the th allows it to record movies. the problem is getting that file…. isn’t google great? if that doesn’t work out for you, try searching at the palm user message board, where you might just find it. here’s the trick: you can’t just install the app via palm sync. 	scrabble aside from all the other online dictionaries, scrabble players may be interested in the following sites: hasbro’s word lists for tough times (including q without u, two letter words, x words, and more). wordplays.com’s tools for word games is a collection of web apps that would be handy to use (if it were legal to do so) during a game. mark has developed a number of word lists and other scrabble tools. 	wireless links the publicip zonecd is a bootable cd implementation of nocat’s nocatauth. nocatauth configuration help is available from amsternet and blyx. the leaf project intends to create linux-based firewall-in-a-box solution that has uses for wireless. linspot is a commercial hotspot-in-a-box software solution. nocat, less networks, portland community wireless, and newbury open.net are active community wireless operations. o’reilly wireless devcenter has loads of news. 	murphy’s junk on the list of places to visit next time i go out west: murphys surplus warehouse: located at n. johnson ave: el cajon, ca. (near san diego) fax , sq. ft. of military and industrial electronics, communications, and mis electronic equipment. 	sandee’s favorite bad songs s revivals may be played out and we’re not yet ready for s nostalgia. nonetheless, there are a number of songs of the time period that we’re a little ashamed to admit we love. without knowing why, and in no particular order, here they are: the humpty dance funky cold medina can’t touch this ice ice baby do me and poison hotstepper mama said knock you out goin back to cali 	mildly psychotic? eysenck’s test results extraversion ( %) moderately high which suggests you are talkative, optimistic, and sociable but possibly not very reflective. neuroticism ( %) moderately low which suggests you are relaxed, calm, secure, unemotional but possibly too unobservant of your feelings. psychoticism ( %) medium which suggests you are moderately offensive, uncooperative, and rebellious. take eysenck’s epq-r based personality test. 	clie memory stick, playing videos, and more… the lexar mb memory stick arrived. it sucks. it’s not really a mb stick, it’s x mb, and you have to flick a little switch to choose which mb you want to use at any moment. let me be more clear: you can only use mb at a time, and you have to eject the card and flip a switch to select the other mb. i don’t know if it’s returnable, but i think i’ll try. 	interesting site design just ran across - media.de. it’s a cool site. their flash design is top notch and i really like the metaphor. does it work? yes, in the limited context they’re using, it works well. best of all — or most disturbing, who knows — is the soundtrack. composed by yuko ohigashi, it’s haunting and mysterious. 	mac & palm/clie gps, maybe just learned of the rayming tripnav tn- gps receiver. it’s the type that has no display or ui and must connect to a computer (via usb) to be useful. it’s mac compatible and it appears there’s a slight variation (the tn- ) that works with sony clie palm compatible handhelds. the problem is, the company website is down now and i can’t get detailed information from the other sites. yes, google cache has info, but that’s more frustrating than helpful. of course, amazon doesn’t carry it, so i can’t view the reader reviews there. what i really want is a receiver that will work with both. but perhaps i’m just dreaming. then there’s also the question of what happened to sony’s clie gps cradle? finally, none of this would be an issue if i hadn’t also just read about tomtom gps navigation software for palm. 	return of dirigibles: delayed or dead? the s saw a resurgence of interest in dirigible airships. people believed their time had come again, but few are flying today. the cargolifter, a cargo airship designed for loads of metric tons (that’s over us tons), is in receivership, and little has been heard of the zeppelin nt. links and more info: story about the cargolifter (via google translations), and a cargolifter image gallery as well (also via google translations). 	going to see the goats went with will to see the mountain goats, will’s favorite band ever. plans included reliving the beef tatar at the korea garden. read my earlier story about it, but remember that it’s not actually called beef tatar. it’s “ok doi bi bim bab” on their menu. of course i wanted to take pictures of the beef tatar experience, but i also wanted to taste it again. it wasn’t the same as last time. 	what for wireless? planning for wireless deployments differs from wired network planning in many ways. unlike wired networks, the primary question isn’t bandwidth or reliability, but availability. wireless networking enables mobility — and mobile connectivity — in ways never before seen in the world of computers. just as movie theaters and television coexist despite their similarities, wired and wireless networks will coexist. each has it’s unique benefits and drawbacks. each is desirable for different purposes. 	bush’s fiscal felony matt miller’s npr commentary about the bush budget includes the following details: a deficit of billion means borrowing almost out of dollars in the budget. it includes billion in tax cuts that go mostly to the rich, but ignores the trillion dollar shortfall in social security and medicare that will start to come due in five years. bush plans to send an addendum to the budget to cover the growing costs of the us military presence in iraq and afghanistan after the november elections. 	flight planning software for mac i hope someday to have a need for flight planning software, so i’ll keep these urls around for a while: mac flight planner and flight math. 	vegas links now that the nevada test site historical foundation’s atomic testing museum. is open, you don’t have to wait for the doe’s occaisional tours of the test site to get your radiation fix. lawrence livermore national lab has a review of the new museum. we caught a show at the amargosa opera house (official site) in death valley, just a short drive west of vegas. the opera house deserves a story of its own and the views and scenery of death valley are just beautiful. 	shopping in new york, ny we watch queer eye for the straight guy a lot over here. it seems we can make time for about one hour of tv per week, and sandee’s decided we’ll spend it with the fab five. i’m sure the new york merchants featured in the show are expecting this, but we’ve started to keep a list of places we have to visit when we next go to the city. i’m posting it here for my use as much as anybody else’s. 	vegas! i might get around to telling the story later, but for now all i have is a couple movies and a few pictures. there’s a short video of the koi and gardens at the flamingo, an album of snapshots and nightlife, an album of pictures from the very unique amargosa hotel and opera house, and a short video of our short visit to crystal, nv. we saw zoomanity and a show at the amargosa opera house. 	getting to vegas i blame missouri. kansas city in particular. i’m sure there’s probably another airport like this somewhere, but i don’t know about it. kci, mo, is setup so that you have to exit and re-enter security areas just to change planes. then, if you need to use the bathroom or get something to eat, well then you have to go through security again then too. of all the airports to suffer a three hour delay in, kci might be the worst. 	dreaming of a sony clie peg th i’ve pre-ordered the just-released sony clie peg th and am anxiously awaiting its arrival. brighthand has a nice review that speaks (mostly) highly of the new palm os compatible handheld. high points were the integrated wifi, excellent battery life (compared to other wifi handhelds), large screen, integrated camera, and relatively good software bundle. low points were the email client, the low resolution of the integrated camera ( × ), and lack of bluetooth (which is included in the european and japanese versions). 	land of the loops was listening to land of the loops’ bundle of joy on the way home from work tonight. it somehow fit the mood and i found myself really enjoying it. yes, it’s loop/sample-based, but the results are anything bet techno or hip-hop. originally released in (i think?), it holds its tune seven years later. . . 	things to remember while doing upgrades on mission critical sun equipment…. a: sending stop-a with non-sun keyboards or over a telnet connection with a terminal server, the terminal is hardcoded to a “cli” interface which, in turn, telnets to the console port on the destination host. the point is to get the *telnet* to generate a break, which can be done by: press ctrl-] (or whatever is the telnet escape sequence) at the telnet prompt, enter “send break” 	newbury open net just saw a link to newbury open net, a community wireless project in boston. newbury open net describes itself: newburyopen.net is a network which provides high-speed internet services, in the form of free wireless and for-pay workstations, to boston’s residents, workers, and travelers. … we believe that high-speed internet must become like a public utility: cheap, simple to access, easy to find, and available to everyone, no matter their location or social status. 	macdevcenter on home automation first, i found this story at macdevcenter rather interesting: home automation with mac os x, part by alan graham — having more control over how your home operates isn’t just a geek fantasy. you can lower energy costs, improve security, and enhance the overall ambiance of your humble abode. alan graham shows you how to leverage your mac os x computer and get started. home automation is, of course, something i’ve wanted to play with ever since i heard about it. sure, itunes visuals are great, but what about programming all the lights in your house to work like a huge color organ to pulse with the music? but i was also amused by the o’reilly/macdevcenter website. along with the usual print and [email][ ] buttons they had a [blog this][ ] button. while they clearly wanted visitors to see the website as something more substantial than a weblog, they also wanted to cash in on the blogging public’s ability to create buzz and swing google rankings. 	we like the moon, biscuits, and more flash animation the folks at rathergood.com have no end of flash animations to entertain and delight. may i suggest starting off with moon song, and biscuits? along those lines, i also found (the far too obviously named) flash archive with even more great goodies. yes, you’ve seen some of these before, but there are some new ones there too. and, of course, regular laughs can be had at homestarrunner.com, where strong bad’s email (updated each monday, usually) will likely make you a repeat visitor. 	zygo: the last energy drink cola wars are one thing, but “altbev” sure has come a long way since soft drink makers identified the market segment in the s. coke’s fruitopia was among the entries from the majors, but, as usual, it’s the independents that have lead the way. water remains the leading altbev, but energy and “health” drinks are squeezing the market. just as coke and pepsi were developing their bottled water brands to catch up with poland spring (owned by nestle, by the way), red bull appeared and turned things upside down. 	useful dohickeys why can’t i find the sumajin smartwrap, a small cable management device that looks perfect for headphones and other small cables, locally? smartwrap, winner of id magazine’s design distinction award, is a cord manager for headphone cables designed and developed by sumajin, an industrial design firm in singapore. you snap the cord into place at one of two places then wrap and snap into place again. smartwrap comes in seven colors and are produced in limited quantities. 	/etc/hosts in macos x . i’ve run into a situation things would work better with a static host mapping, but my first thought/fear was that macos x’s netinfo would get in my way. google turned up some old info on reconfiguring netinfo, as well as a slightly more current netinfo tip. but as it turns out, panther is all setup to read your /etc/hosts entries and use those before going to dns or netinfo. so there you go. 	what is ibiblio? if -year-olds were old enough to remember bush sr., they’d think this bush monologue was the funniest thing all day. so, in the interest of educating and entertaining those -year-olds, let me explain that the current president bush is the oldest son of a previous president bush. bush sr. was elected in , his term of presidency included huge job losses and recession, and he got us entangled in a war in iraq and many other places. 	deep thoughts; timewasters here’s a graph to get you thinking about politics: job growth per president. who knows if the numbers are real, but it jives with my memory of the past years. this dark and slightly objectionable cartoon of life features a good soundtrack and really cool styling. finally, everybody likes latin translations of old rap songs. right? “magnae clunes mihi placent, nec possum de hac re mentiri.” 	peer-to-peer, dmca, riaa, lawsuits after six months of riaa lawsuits, you’d think this would be old news, but…. it’s been a while since i’ve reported on the music industry’s attempts to control online music distribution, but ars technica has been following that and the larger issues all along. the story took a turn in december when a three judge panel ruled that the riaa’s subpoenas were illegal. that was a win for the isps that had brought the appeal against the riaa and have now ceased cooperation with the music industry. 	tivo getting close to home. too close. the folks at ars technica are asking question that i first started wondering about during the patriot’s superbowl win. after the game, the tivo folks released an announcement that britney spears’ pepsi commercial was the most-rewatched ad of the game. their claim was apparently based on stats from the tivos in people living rooms. we’re all familiar with nielson tv ratings, but those viewers know their habits are being recorded. 	mit tech review’s ten technologies that refuse to die the folks at ars also pointed out an interesting story by the mit tech review. it’s all about things that were expected to have been passed by, but weren’t. it sort of puts us in our place. 	microsoft, in its biggest act of irony ever, issues security education posters microsoft corp, the software company responsible for producing some of the most notoriously (and dangerously) insecure software ever has issued a collection of posters aimed at, start your irony engine, computer security education. “educate your students, faculty, and staff on the simple steps they can take to protect their pcs,” says the microsoft website offering the posters. 	site updated um, not many people noticed, but this site was offline for a few months because the hosting company i was using shut down operations. well, i’m back, mostly. i’ve redesigned things (having stolen the design from another site of mine), but there are still a number of things missing. theoretically i still have a backup of the comments and members and stuff, but i may not bother looking. the redstone brewery info is in here, but the categories list is gone. 	how to get off an rbl it sucks to get on a email blackhole list. click “more” to find out how we got psu off att.net’s proprietary rbl. 	entertainment value first, take a look at &lt; bushin seconds.org &gt; . it will do more to make you mad than entertain you, but take a look and channel that anger into something meaningful. now that that’s over, take a look at &lt; ebaumsworld.com &gt; and waste the rest of the day laughing. there’s no shortage of video, cartoons, and other junk. enjoy it all. here are a couple links to get you started: super truck, paranoid, something else funny, and yet another thing. 	the unwired world is growing first, look at some numbers: “‘last year under percent of the laptops have wi-fi built in, this year it’s percent.’ says brain grimm, communications director for the wi-fi alliance” now consider that the quote appeared in a story in aaaworld (yes, the american auto association). their demographic is generally older and non-technical, so either their demographic is changing or “non-technical” is being redefined. i’m going to bet that the water is rising and, just as the world now accepts email, it now seems to expect some understanding of networking. hmmm. [update] and now the minneapolis federal reserve bank is reporting on growing wifi use in the mid-west! oh my. 	why superbowl ads matter last saturday was the th anniversary of the macintosh. apple announced the macintosh to about million households in a second ad during the superbowl. the ad, which has been lauded as one of the best ads ever and created “event marketing,” rocks. it was this theory of event marketing that lead advertisers to create ever larger, ever more expensive ad spots. and that’s when the ads during the superbowl became the the main event for some viewers. 	okay, now i want one there are two things you need to know about the the international streamlined tatra site: it’s cool, and they’re cool. i happen to love art deco advertising, and it seems tatra has some of the best. of course, i wouldn’t know anything about tatra (it’s a car company, or it was, they now only make trucks) except i stumbled across this story elsewhere. 	warren republicans vote democrat former vermont governor howard dean carried the polls in warren this primary night. the numbers for the rest of the state are still being counted, but what’s more impressive to me is the number of voters who went to the polls and the number of registered republicans who wrote in democrats on their ballots. twenty three out of republican ballots cast in this very conservative northern new hampshire town had democrats written in for president. 	czech it out! bad headline, yes, but what this guy has done with his car is pretty cool. 	antarctica in my name it’s good to know that there’s an antarctic outpost in my namesake. good ol’ casey station even has a webcam. [update:] here’s an interesting sattelite image of the area, found at this remote sensing project website. 	ethel’s holiday fashion nothing says holidays like leopard print. more photos from maisonbisson 	how to have fun like i just did start with approx cup of bacon grease collected over time just like jon’s mom said to do. pour grease into small disposable aluminum loaf pan. insert pan with grease into burning wood stove. wait. watch. wait. watch as oil ignites with a whooosh that’s vaguely reminiscent of a chimney fire. no, that woooosh is exactly how you remember that chimney fire. close stove air intakes and continue to watch fire. 	more complaining and whining the lousy red cross can’t get its act together well enough to schedule blood drives in plymouth (where i work each day) well enough so regular donors can go to all of them. the red cross knows that something like % of their blood comes from regular donors who make it a point to donate at every opportunity (and how many of us can there be in plymouth?). yet, they schedule a blood drive today, fewer than days since their last blood drive. 	o’reilly’s wireless hacks the question here is between . x authentication and web-based, captive portal authentication. the former has high client requirements, the later seems too simple. rob flickenger’s wireless hacks has fired me up for captive portals. an excerpt, dispelling the myth of wireless security, makes clear the need for application layer security, an argument i’d say applies to wired and wireless network alike. point: wireless is exposing holes that have existed in our network security all along, but patching those holes will secure everything, including wireless without spending loads of money on expensive aps and proprietary clients. 	wireless vulnerabilities related to my review of wireless security landscape is this review of threats to wireless security. passive sniffing “the same information in a probe response frame is available in the beacon frames that every . network is required to transmit (even closed networks). so, we just listen for these frames in monitor mode instead.” extreme tech’s guide to exploiting and protecting wifi networks “airsnort can determine the wep key in seconds…” 	the wireless security landscape the view from the trenches fall below is an email i sent to maclabmanagers mail list in late september . our discussions of wireless security had just begun at that time. the wireless landscape has changed a lot since then, but the responses have information that remains valid and useful to us today. howdy, we’re using wireless in many locations here, but somebody just got scared about security. until now we haven’t been using wep, nor have we cloaking the network name for wireless base stations that serve mobile classrooms on campus. 	wired mag’s commandments of programming wired magazine has an interesting article on “extreme programming.” supposedly, the solo programmer pulling all-nighters on excessive caffein is out. in are hour work weeks, group coordination, and two people per computer. but what about productivity cry the managers. according to the article, coders do more, do it faster, and do it with fewer bugs this way. 	summary page for music industry wackiness i’ve posted a number of stories and links related to the music industry and p p and such. here’s a short summary of them. first was a story about how music swappers actually buy more music. then came a story about the decline of the album format, and why it’s a good thing for listeners. i followed that up with something about copying is theft, and other legal myths. and just now i posted a story about the real reasons for the decline in the music biz. 	perfect for the church social hey, so what about the local sports team and their player that’s excelling with that thing that he does? some people like to argue so much they run out of material. or, maybe it’s like what rob gordon says in high fidelity: “it’s not what you’re like, it’s what you like.” so maybe arguments erupt as we try to establish and defend our identity (evidence: teenagers). if true, and our identity is made up of the pop-culture elements that we consume, then what are the key traits we must evaluate? 	street lights…and other things that don’t work the way they should it’s probably due to my color blindness, but i have the darndest time seeing streetlights (the red/yellow/green things at controlled intersections) at night. i’ve had to explain it a million times, but nobody seems to understand. finally i’ve discovered a sympathetic friend, sort of. michael darnell writes about his complaints with street lights and other things that don’t work well or aren’t designed well. 	time wasters i found myself waiting. a cd quietly burned in the combo-drive, a computer slowly reboot after a system update, and a large file was drifting across the ether[net] between my laptop and sever. clearly this was the time to surf over to ilovebacon.com and waste some time. i was in luck right away. ask snoop isn’t quite as funny as old unix jive, but it’s good for some quick laughs. 	music this, music that continuing the recent music and copyright theme…. it turns out that i wasn’t the only one who thought the buymusic.com ads looked a little familiar. rob walker wrote about the new apple clones for slate.com. “…i kept re-watching the buymusic ads to try and figure out what i was missing. is there a hidden critique here? a satire? not really. they’re just knockoffs. it’s as if, by borrowing the look and feel of apple’s ads, buymusic is explicitly interested in underscoring that its service is a copycat. 	website spotlight i just added arstechnica to the list of websites i check daily. i’ve been reading technical articles there for years, but two articles today clinched it: “the social complexities of the f-word” and “your cheating heart’s been clickin’ her buttons. both are well worth reading for anybody who cares about the social aspects of technology. well, the first one doesn’t really have anything to do with technology, it’s just funny. 	copying is theft – and other legal myths music has been an issue for me lately. what with my previous stories about the “decline of the album format” (and why i think it’s a good thing) and how music swappers apparently buy more music, you’d think i’d gotten the matter out of my system. no. copying is theft – and other legal myths is an article that everybody who’s ever heard of mp s should read. no matter what you’ve come to believe (or how much the riaa pays you), the title is real. 	usb hacking so i’d like to get this old usb video capture device working in os x, but the vendor has quit the business and no os x drivers are around for it. a little searching on the web netted the following how-to on making one vendor’s usb device drivers work with another vendor’s products. the details relate to usb wifi adapters, but we can generalize. with the tips in that story in mind, we can face down the next question: are there any drivers that might be made to work with my usb device? 	whiney sell-outs charles haddad writes in business week online about musicians making a stand for the “integrity of the album format.” fortunately, he gets it right: this isn’t about artists looking after their art, this is about the end of a business strategy where a few good tracks are mingled with a pile of chaff and called an ‘album.’ what’s really important here is that you can buy what you want, rather than just what labels and the bands have decided you should have. no longer do you have take the fat with the meat — and pay $ or more for a cd that has only three songs you like. …this doesn’t necessarily mean the death of album rock, just bad album rock. a package of great songs that work together will still sell. just look at the evergreen appeal of the who’s tommy or miles davis’ kind of blue . the labels may be forced to change. if filler no longer sells, will the music industry continue to compel bands to produce it? maybe, just maybe, bands and labels will start improving the overall quality of pop music. 	music labels have heads up asses a story on bbc news (file swappers ‘buy more music’) reports on a study that claims those who download music using p p services (old napster, gnutella, etc) actually buy more music. it should make sense to anybody with a hair of marketing experience: try before you buy. 	yummy shit karen pointed out an article about scary-but-common food ingredients at fortune.com 	stupid os x server hint os x server is great, but it doesn’t respond well when you change its ip number. the resulting fiasco will make you think working a fast food job is worth it. here are some links that won’t make it easier but will at least give you a bootable machine: a little how-to support discussion more discussion even more discussion update august , : apple has finally done something, just a little something, to address this problem. 	dvrs are cool i don’t watch much tv and i don’t own a tivo, but i love the idea. so i’m glad to read about open source folks building their own dvrs. 	apollo archive the apollo archive boasts a wealth of content covering the moon landing. good stuff. 	google-watch google has been raved about since it first appeared on the search engine scene four years ago. now that it’s trounced all the other, however, people are getting concerned about the effects of the monopoly. google-watch is leading the charge. their claim? they say that google’s pagerank means only that the rich get richer, and they’re concerned about close ties between google and government snoops. hmmm. 	you are being lied to i found a collection of three books by the disinformation company on a shelf in city lights. i’d already picked out my book (toothpicks &amp; logos) when i saw abuse your illusions, everything you know is wrong, and you are being lied to lined up and beckoning to me. i’ll have to take another look at them, but at least the publisher has an interesting story. 	good liberal rabble rousing it’s a pleasure to read the many pages of molotov cocktail for the soul. 	iug : library portal integration elaine allard and i will be presenting on library portal integration at the iug in san jose, ca. two sessions have been scheduled for sunday, april th: am and : pm. our description, in the program guide: like many colleges, plymouth state college is working to consolidate its online resources inside a portal. within this single point of service students can register for classes and check their grades, faculty can review their rosters and post grades, and staff can review benefits and vacation time. 	tinkerer’s joy while reading up on the slimp network mp player i came across some mention of dallas semiconductor and their line of wonderfully hackable tini ics. these little things have ethernet interfaces, java runtime engines, and webservers built-in, and are ideal for making non-networked devices internet ready. as if we don’t now have enough internet connected light switches and soda machines. a nice overview of tini is available. 	ohh, film music pornorchestra: the pornorchestra is an attempt to radically reinterpret the soundtrack to pornographic film. this complicated genre has taken its share of scorn: from adult film producers who refuse to pay it any mind to legions of consumers who instinctively snap the sound off after pressing play. performing live improvised and composed scores to pornographic film, the pornorchestra invigorates the mysterious experience of the voyeur-cum-auditeur. the equivalent of a circus band with its collective eye on the trapeze artist: the pornorchestra teases out the thrill, amplifying the collective gasp at pornographic triumph — and tragedy — using the most eclectic and creative musical minds working in the bay area today. 	the promise of wireless wired has a story about the effect of wireless on agriculture, theme parks, health care, and conferences. so speaketh o’reilly’s rael dornfest about a recent conference with ubiquitous wifi access: “people weren’t disappearing back to their rooms to check email between sessions. they’d just sit down in one of the common areas and log on. because everyone was gathering in the same place, there was a lot more spontaneous discussion. also, the sessions themselves became more interactive.” 	cool fonts font diner offers some darn cool fonts. go visit their site for freebies too. 	a farmer’s job i don’t know who gets the worse end of this stick, but it’s really sad that chemists can’t tell the difference between banned nerve agents and agricultural pesticides. 	conflict management how to talk down your adversary: “there is no reproach between me and you except the stabbing of kidneys and the chopping of heads.” 	damn cool site plumb design’s visual thesaurus may be the coolest thing ever. 	psychoanalysis word of the day ego dystonic 	elvis vs. nixon a friend forwarded a link that reveals the following story (as quoted from the website): on december , , elvis presley paid a visit to president richard m. nixon at the white house in washington, d.c. the meeting was initiated by presley, who wrote nixon a six-page letter requesting a visit with the president and suggesting that he be made a “federal agent-at-large” in the bureau of narcotics and dangerous drugs. 	tom bihn bags the story is that tom bihn designs and makes bags for laptops and other stuff. or, at least that’s what tom says at his site. tom bihn has been designing and making bags for well over twenty years. daypacks he made when he was years old are still in use, and in santa cruz, california, where tom grew up, his laptop cases and book bags are almost legendary. 	conferencing in dc i’m in washington d.c. at the computers in libraries conference. it’s a good lineup of presenters and good programs, but i’m sad to know that i’ll be missing a peace rally this saturday. where to eat and drink: old dominion brewery is in virginia not far from dc. it’s in an industrial park and you’ll doubt that you’re in the right place, but the food and local brews are good. 	short quiz for discussion: world history mid-term exam this test consists of one ( ) multiple-choice question (so you better get it right!) here’s a list of the countries that the u.s. has bombed since the end of world war ii, compiled by historian william blum: china: - korea: - china: - guatemala: indonesia: cuba: - guatemala: congo: peru: laos: - vietnam: - cambodia: - guatemala: - 	bi bam bab in cambridge the korea garden is on pearl street somewhere behind the middle east in cambridge, mass. it’s the sort of place that attracts local asians and very few white boys (like me). so it’s hard to say what they must have thought when cliff and i walked in one night this winter. an argument broke out in the kitchen as the waitress presented our order. we joked and smiled among ourselves about it, but my smile fell as my dinner was delivered. 	counterscript telemarketers may be people too, but this script will ease the pain of their next call. take a look at egbg’s counterscript. and if you’re looking for serious anti-telemarketing resources, look at junkbusters’s resources. 	warren redstone brochure available! i found a brochure about the warren redstone and present it here for your enjoyment in pdf form. it features the story of how and why it came to warren, written by ted asselin, the man who brought it here. it also has information about the progress of the rocketry in the s. the brochure was originally in tri-fold form, but is presented here as a two page pdf file. enjoy. 	yum! email received today: nothing starts a monday off like kippered seafood snacks, deviled ham, with a side of spam, potted meat food product, followed by vienna sausage, all washed down with some icey cold clam juice. now i am ready to face the day. yours meatily, dr. meaty mcmeat meatofski meatovich hamkowsky-beafeau porkson 	justin and the sled dogs the season for running sled dogs is almost at its end. here’s a short video of justin racing for the finish of one of his last races of . click the link to watch justin’s big finish. 	ashcroft’s biggest boob in the way emails thread their way from one person to another i came across the text of a speech about antics in the us justice department. it was titled “an open letter to john ashcroft” and came with this preface: the following is a letter read by claire braz-valentine, author at this year’s in celebration of the muse, cabrillo college. it is worth knowing that the author is a woman of + years, conservatively dressed and obviously quite talented. 	marketing artifacts each of us deals with a lot of stuff unique to our jobs or life context, stuff that outsiders never see. now and then it’s fun to see that other stuff. here’s some: silly marketing materials. 	more commercialism! people have asked about this whole t-shirt thing. click the banner to see how it works. sign up! update: i just found a similar service for video distribution. you might want to check out customflix.com. 	state of the union? it’s not real, but it may be more accurate. watch the state of the union speech here. thanks to my sister for pointing me to this. [update]: the link above may be down, the speech is mirrored here. 	where have all the updates gone, long time passing? since this website is such an important and valued news source for so many people, i’ve received many dire complaints about the scarcity of updates over the past month. here’s the story: january is a busy, busy month at work. students are gone, computers must be updated. work also includes many large changes to the lamson library website, and more updates are due shortly. daytime work is one thing, but i’ve also been pursuing my side business more actively. 	common sense revisited? this may not be news to somebody who hadn’t swallowed the school approved version of american history whole, but there are a few important things to note: before , colonists paid less in taxes than britons in their homeland did. while the colonies were not represented in parliament, neither were big british cities such as liverpool or manchester. meanwhile the colonists enjoyed a free press, voted for local representation, ate better, lived in larger houses, and were generally better educated than their british cousins (the literacy rate in massachusetts was more than twice that in britain). 	bryson on language speaking on language patterns around the time of the american civil war, bill bryson states: …no nineteenth century journalist with any self-respect would ever write that a house had burned down, but must instead say that a great conflagration consumed the edifice.’ –bill bryson quoting (in part) kenneth cmiel’s democratic eloquence in, made in america, an informal history of the english language in the united states. 	mitnick off parole he’ll be on parole of a long time, and he’s facing a number of additional restrictions, but kevin mitnick is finally free! 	maison bisson’s winter drink the holidays are long since past, here’s a drink to carry you through ’till spring. rusty nail parts scotch part drambuie serve over ice in an old fashioned glass. please enjoy it responsibly. 	the light i’ve found it. it’s here! 	newswatch: foreign secrets: bad; domestic secrets: good. the news of the day is government secrecy. npr’s all things considered ran two stories about the matter today. one story about general secrecy, and another story about admiral poindexter (formerly of the iran-contra scandal). previously, npr ran a capsule biography about henry kissinger. of note is the discussion about kissinger’s disbelief in open government. that story was followed by analysis by daniel schorr which may suggest why kissinger was chosen to head up the independent panel to investigate the attacks of september th, then another story about his resignation from that panel. 	trickle down voodoo it seems clear that trickle down economics is back with new tax breaks for the rich, new spending on the security-industrial complex, and our first dip into deficit spending in years. while some call it it voodo economics, faith in trickle down economics seems to be based upon the oft repeated line that anytime you put money into the economy, it benefits everybody. when pressed about rising executive salaries, believers embrace that too as eventually benefitting the economy. i found myself in an argument about these matters recently, and had to take a moment to assemble my thoughts about it. 	new books i used to read magazines — i find it difficult to commit to things and magazines let me off easy, but i’ve been feeling unfulfilled by magazines lately (those who know me might also point out that i was somehow able to commit to marriage, and i’m still married over four years now). so i’ve been reading books left and right. now, after the holidays, i’ve got a pile more. 	bowling for columbine highlights meaningless ideology there’s a small battle being fought in the comments of my previous entry about bowling for columbine. it should be no surprise that gun rights are a very serious matter for many people. nonetheless, guns are involved in a huge number of homicides in the us each year. and so those who would seek to prevent or limit those murders find themselves battling gun owners who would rather ignore them. 	road rage while the state argues with environmentalists about needed environmental abatement in the project to widen i , we should all take a moment to consider the social implications of the plan. wider roads will inevitably lead more people to commute greater distances to work each day. whatever the causes of road rage, we can all acknowledge that time spent in the car is not quality time. incidents of road rage are at their highest in areas where commuting times are the greatest — think of la and washington dc. 	ipod links: ipod ipodhacks.com ipods around the world newtons around the world ipoding.com podnews wired news’ cult of mac wired ipod hacking story 	water world water is the primary ingredient in every liquid soap, body wash, shampoo, and conditioner product in my bathroom. some even boast “purified water.” 	ebn videos online ebn, emergency broadcast network, was a band of media jammers from the days of the gulf war (the one back in ). they disappeared from the scene a few years ago, but you can find some of their old videos over at guerrillanews.com. and, as long as we’re talking about media jamming, i should throw this book at you: jamming the media by gareth branwyn. edit: the links here go nowhere, but a few videos are in youtube: 	movie: bowling for columbine a friend of mine recently pointed out what i should have seen for myself: conservatives won’t change. so, while bowling for columbine is great entertainment for open-minded folks, it won’t make an impact on the folks who most need to see it. if you’re lucky you may still be able to catch this film in theaters, but everybody should take a moment to view this clip of the cartoon that appears in the film: a brief history. 	turn of century bridge jumpers had wide field of opportunity the opening of a new bridge in the early th century attracted a lot of attention. it was at that time that materials and engineering skill finally allowed cities to bridge rivers that had formerly required a ferry to cross. new york, with its many islands and rivers, was exceptional in this regard. new yorkers eagerly followed news of the design and construction of bridges. bridge openings where celebrated with days of events and fireworks attended by presidents and luminaries. 	wnyc’s _on the media_ does sex show. on the media’s recent show on november th and a piece in all things considered explored the relationship between technology and pornography. this is familiar territory for some—wired magazine reports on it regularly… click the links above and listen for yourself. 	booklist: nickel and dimed when i first found barbara ehrenreich’s nickel and dimed while waiting for someone or something, i picked it up and started reading in the middle. i found myself immediately taken in to her story and her writing, and was more than a little remise to give it up. not many non-fiction books about social issues are call page-turners. but this is one. ehrenreich attempts three low-wage jobs in three cities for a month each, trying to find housing and food within the budget allowed by such work. 	apple and the future of intelectual property macintouch pointed me to a blog entry at plasticbag.org related to the role of computers in the war over digital intellectual property rights. the author believes apple has already staked out its territory in this matter. after a series of examples, he explains the following: the reasons for all this, of course, are that – for good or ill – at the moment copyrighted material and intellectual property are endangered and cornered beasts anyway. 	marching toward privatization republicans and business leaders have been pushing privatization (and deregulation) for decades. now, the results of this effort are becoming clear. even as the bush administration announces plans to privatize nearly a million federal jobs, reports of the costs and failures of such privatization roll in. mother jones reports this month on the growth in privatization of municipal water systems. the result in cities like atlanta has been water boiling alerts do to dangerous bacteria levels, and poor service do to a workforce slashed by cost cutting. 	activist art art is not, or does not have to be, cheery. it turns out that people become troubled and conflicted when they see pictures of the hungry and the homeless just weeks before thanksgiving and the start of the holidays. the nashua telegraph takes up the story here: a new exhibit in the town hall gallery, designed to raise awareness of and funds for the open cupboard food pantry, has gathered some complaints from residents and prompted the board of selectmen to suggest that it be removed. the exhibit consists of a selection of black- and-white photographs taken by resident preston heller of urban street scenes and various people he describes as being at the bottom of the social ladder.’ update nov- - : nhpr reported on this story today, and linked to the photographer’s online gallery. 	in mother jones: a confederacy of cronies readers can trust mother jones to shine liberal light on conservatives. in a confederacy of cronies george packer tells us how difficult it can be to play america’s ceo, where regular americans really stand. 	great movie criticism it’s hard to explain why or how i just stumbled across a year old roger ebert movie review, so i won’t. i will try to explain why i found the review so real. i actually saw this movie, and it’s really every bit as bad as the review suggests. ebert questions how movies stereotype baddies. ebert doesn’t get too controversial, so this is as much as we’ll get out of him. 	mac geeks have more fun thanks to the folks at macos x hints, i’ve been pointed to the most useless thing ever: a tool that allows you to view any quicktime file in your terminal window as ascii text. yes, it is absolutely useless. 	understanding marijuana liane hansen of npr’s weekend edition sunday interviewed dr. mitch earleywine about his recent book, understanding marijuana: a new look at the scientific evidence this weekend. earleywine has the credentials to look at this seriously and be taken seriously. but he probably won’t be. there’s no shortage of books on this subject, and the drug war marches on. but as long as we’re slinging books, let me throw michael pollan’s botany of desire at you. 	framethief animation toolbox framethief is a toolbox for capturing hand-drawn frames and assembling them as animation. image sources can include video camera — the old standby, and digital still camera — a new twist that allows animators to work in hdtv resolutions. one component, framesplicer, can be used to turn any quicktime compatible video file into a dv stream that can be used in imovie. 	political-economic conspiracy? marektplace comentator james galbraith explains in tuesday’s show how this will be a longer and deeper recession than previously thought and many economic indicators may have been manipulated to hide the recession’s true nature prior to november . galbraith reminds us that things were rather similar years ago, when unemployment rose over % and democrats took control of congress from a far-right conservative president. history did not repeat itself, yet. 	mile markers matt frondorf’s american mile markers takes us on a tour from new york to san francisco, one photo per mile. it’s a fine concept — inspiring, really, but the pictures are quite a mishmash. matt calls his mile marker project statistical photography.’ a lot of photography tends to be anecdotal and heavily edited,’ he says. and it doesn’t present what is really there — every picture from beginning to end.’ 	yahoo! pen twirling! pen twirling takes great skill that can be achieved only by hard practice and determination. though promoted by stars as famous as miss iyo matsumoto, it can be difficult to find pen twirling masters capable of teaching the sport. hideaki kondoh, who’s interest in pen twirling was sparked by a tv appearance by iyo matsumoto, struggled to learn: “i couldn’t help admiring her excellent performance, but i didn’t think i would try to spin a pen myself. 	hops n’ things it was a few years ago now that jon at hops n’ things put us on track to brew our first big batch of cider. knowledge comes from books, but a guy like jon can give you know-how. today he introduced us to distillers’ active dry yeast, or dady. our last batch of cider went to proof with epernay champaign yeast, dady might get us to proof! more importantly, he was kind enough to help us fix a co leak in our keg system — and he stayed open late to get it done. 	redstonebrewery.com online! after months of lost time, redstonebrewery.com is finally online. there’s not much there, but you wait baby. you just wait and see. or. um. well, we’ll see what happens there next. 	raspberry jelly i usually try to keep this blog above trivial things like this, but not today. i enjoy penut butter and jelly sandwiches, but usually with raspberry preserves — the stuff with fruit chunks a seeds in it. so i was rather surprised when i found i’d accidentally bought hannaford brand red raspberry jelly. it mostly tastes like raspberry, but it’s been pureed smooth like jello. i tried it, the product doesn’t spread well and the texture is all wrong. 	modern drunkard magazine this little ‘zine just scored distribution with borders book stores. but if you can’t find it there, take a look at modern drunkard magazine online. take a look at their wino wisdom section where you’ll find gems like “the secret of being a good drunk is not to try to hard. to me, it just comes naturally. you might even say it’s effortless.” and “i don’t smoke filtered cigarettes for the same reason i don’t drink whiskey through a bar rag. 	megahertz gap? so the project to crack a -bit rc encryption key is over. some computer in japan figured it out in july, but everybody was too busy to notice until last week. the real news here isn’t that -bit rc is crackable (everybody knew it could be done, eventually), the real news is that they compiled efficiency statistics on the various computer platforms that did the job. here’s the quote, straight from their press release: “our peak rate of , , kkeys/sec is equivalent to , mhz apple powerbook g laptops or , ghz amd athlon xp machines…” 	was capitalism the only difference? &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.cera.com/commandingheights/&rdquo; title=&rdquo;commanding heights“&gt;_commanding heights_ authors daniel yergen and joseph stanislaw tell us that workers in communist russia were not motivated to work simply because the government controlled economy offered no rewards for innovation. this they use as the basis for their argument that communism/government controlled economies were bad and capitalism was good. and what’s truly amazing is that in this obvious comparison between the usa and communist russia, they find the most significant difference to be economic. 	mc hawking drops some science you the opening to this site announces “yo! this site is your ultimate resource for information about stephen hawking the gangsta rapper.” and if that isn’t enough to make you go look there right now, then i suppose you feel bad for the poor guy and don’t like jerks who wish to make fun of him. anyway. just now he’s got a link up that points out one more sport i’ve never heard of or imagined: cup stacking. 	the first law of assignation the person [closest to the act/holding the instrument of the act], no matter how qualified or culpable is first to be assigned [credit/blame] for the act. 	natalie jeremijenko and the interaction between humans and technology it’s not for nothing that the mit technology review named natalie jeremijenko “one of the top one hundred young innovators.” anybody who bothers to read this blog should run out and look over her portfolio now. 	weeds and flowers weeds and flowers alike seek the sunlight — nobody can fault them for that — but some of them learn do it with beauty and grace. 	human-intoface: face=identity? from the artist’s statement: “images of faces hold little ability to communicate the totality of a personality. the essence of a personality is not something that is stored in a static two dimentional array of dots, grains, or pixels. rather, what is stored are subtle cues which signify base personality traits, such as a curl of a lip, squint of an eye, or pursing of the lips. these can work in series or combinations to suggest complexity of description, but ultimately, amount only to a caricature. 	hungry-man xxl! the marketers and designers for this product found their audience, and know how to speak to them. just look at the pictures. “i know what i like, and i like a lot of it” reads the text next to the over-weight, blue-collared white boy on the back. in bold yellow type at the bottom, it reads “it’s good to be full.” with . pounds of food, this preprocessed meal delivers calories, % of your recommended fat intake ( % of saturated fats), and % of your recommended sodium. 	book list: flight of passage i’m all wrapped up by flight of passage, rinker buck’s tale of his journey cross country with his brother in an old piper cub. as much as it’s a tale of flying, it’s a tale of teenage angst. both subjects that i identify with (but aren’t we supposed to grow out of teenage angst?). 	american tyranny the worst forms of tyranny are those so subtle, so deeply ingrained, so thoroughly controlling as not even to be consciously experienced. so there are americans who are afraid to entertain contrary notions for fear of jeopardizing their jobs, but who still think they are “free.”  –michael parenti’s democracy for the few. 	corn flakes, mccarthy, and flag wavers this story would be more appropriate for early july — that’s probably when this flag-printed box of kellogg’s corn flakes was put on the shelf — but it was just last weekend when i came across it at our warren village market. of course, in early july, everything including corn chips and cat litter was available in patriotic red, white, and blue, so it really wouldn’t have stood out then. 	dreams. what do they mean? years ago, i used to wake up with a start. i’d be trying to sit up with my hands outstretched in front of me. i’d wake up thinking i’d been falling. now. i find that i wake up thinking i’d stubbed my toe or hit my head. somewhat unrelated: i’ve gotten no end of laughs and amusement from dion mcgregor dreams again, a collection of sleep talking from dion mcgregor, an apparently famous “somniloquist. 	casey’s sky diving adventure i made my one and only parachute jump back in the fall of . about a year ago i re-edited the video of that event. casey’s skydiving adventure 	o’reilly offers macos x conference the o’reilly folks aren’t the only old unix geeks who’ve been looking at mac os x with hungry eyes. mac os x is cool enough to get its own section on slash dot. and, of course, apple is pushing it’s ‘switch‘ campaign toward windows users. but as much as the o’reilly folks love mac os x, they probably wouldn’t be planning a conference about it if it wasn’t clear there were hordes of like-minded geeks willing to shell out the $ or so it costs to attend. 	vegas guide, part : introduction las vegas may be the most thoroughly american city. no other town has been so shaped by the singular desire to make a buck. churches and strip clubs coexist in close proximity. each competes for the hard luck — but not broke — gamblers seeking refuge from their losses. if capitalism works, it works in vegas. vegas is america’s liver. the worst of pop culture eventually finds a home someplace in las vegas or the surrounding clark county. 	vegas guide, part : peyote most of nevada’s land is under federal control. the pentagon, department of energy, and bureau of land management claim a total area of about % of the state. it’s mostly desert, and the desert dois best left alone, so few people seem to care. some towns, mostly old silver mining camps, persist amid the desert. horses graze free on the school ball field in blue diamond, nevada. the town sits on a spring in red rock canyon. 	vegas guide, part : nukes and moon hoaxes on a map, mercury sits a little northwest of las vegas. there is nothing to suggest that the town is inaccessible to the average tourist, but it is in fact a part of the nevada test site — a nuclear bomb testing facility. the site was formed in from land originally granted to the shoshone indians. nearly one thousand nuclear devices have been detonated there between its formation and , when president bush imposed a moratorium on tests that has been extended by succeeding administrations. 	vegas guide, part : flesh prostitution in vegas is illegal, but that’s okay. for a little jiggle, you can check out the innumerable gentlemen’s clubs and strip shows. even many of the ritzy hotels often have their own “tantalizing topless revues.” freemont street, the heart of old vegas and one of the city’s largest attractions, is home to more than one strip club. but a short drive will get you more than jiggle. fifty miles west of las vegas on highway , just accross the clark county line in nye county you’ll find the sleepy town of pahrump — “heart of the new old west” according to the welcome sign at the town line. 	morse museum mummy unmasked this isn’t current news by any stretch. the story was reported in the boston globe when it happened in , and can be found on the web at maine antique digest. it goes like this: the contents of the morse museum were auctioned off in the early s. among the spoils were two egyptian mummies. one of them landed in the hands of a maine antiques dealer. the egyptian government learned of the mummy, which was advertised as a ‘princess. 	redstone brewery’s product labels brewing cider takes a long time. …and most of it is just waiting. so while we wait, i draw up new labels. click for 	maison bisson’s summer drink hot weather demands cool drinks. lemonade is fine for the kids, but adults need a pitcher of something more entertaining. give it a try: vicker’s delight: part vodka parts lemonade dash lime juice dash orange juice prepare in a pitcher with ice and share. adjust quantities to taste. enjoy safely. 	the old scooter yes. the scooter was a thing of ridicule for most people, but i loved it. riding the scooter was like ‘playing bikes’ when i was ten. it was just fun, and i didn’t need an excuse to do it. i named her trixie, but most people just called her scooter. but the scooter is sold now. it went first to cliffy, then to chuck. did cliffy appreciate it like i did? 	airplane safety it may be a little bit cliche after being ridiculed in fight club (the line was “look at their faces, as calm as hindu cows.”), but i’ve always loved airplane safety guides. click for 	warren’s morse museum it’s hard to say which is more memorable: warren’s rocket or our morse museum. for larger picture, click 	who are these dorks? what a motley crew who work for its. click for pictures. 	newton: best pda ever just as i’m about to retire my old newton, just as i’m exporting the contacts and calendar entries, i rediscovered why the newton was — and still is — the best pda ever. the newton had a rough start back in the early s when the first model was released. i’ve never used an older model, but it’s clear that the handwriting recognition was bad enough to be ridiculed in comics and the simpsons. 	now even the conservatives agree: supporting the drug war supports terrorists this may be old news (it was published on may th, ) but, david r. henderson’s essay on how the drug war effects the war against terrorism is a must read for everybody. conservatives tell truth about drug war. why do i say the hoover institution is a pack of conservatives? because eric alterman says so. 	cape cod dining: ay caramba cafe sandee and i stumbled into the ay caramba cafe on main street in harwich at just the right time. we were starving and desperate for something other than fried sea food. diners can help themselves to chips and three varieties of homemade salsa. each is rather unique, and far more complex than the mild, medium, and hot descriptions we typically use to describe salsas. sandee and i both had the pork tomales that were on special — cheese tomales were also offered. 	cape cod our friends troy and karen were kind enough to invite us to cape cod to visit them. we lazed around on the beach, took in a show at the wellfleet drive-in, and twice gorged ourselves on fried seafood at arnold’s restaurant. geeks may take interest in cape cod’s involvment in the history of trans-atlantic communications. nauset light beach was a former terminus for many undersea telegraph cables. friendy links: see troy here, here, and here. 	doonesbury’s middle age slump a feature story by jesse walker in reason magazine’s july issue confirms something i’ve been worried about for a while: doonesbury isn’t what it used to be. walker gives us examples detailing trudeau’s mild conservitive shift, and his more unfortunate shift toward irrelevence. i’m too young to know the strip from its beginnings in the early s (or earlier), but we can all compare old and new cartoons online in the doonsebury retrospective. 	the incident the front the shocks and coil springs slowed the downward thrust of the front suspension as inertia, stable just moments before, pitches the vehicle forward. a small, unconscious rightward twitch of the steering wheel is amplified by tires which, at this moment, have greater than normal mechanical advantage. the turn, though slight, moves the center of gravity even farther forward and now to the left. the rear of the vehicle, lightly weighted under normal conditions, is riding at the full extension of the rear leaf springs. 	now playing at maison bisson while mainstream (commercial) pop music producers are anxiously introducing ever younger children to ever more sexualised music, they might be giants are busy making music for kids of all ages. their new album, no!, might sound fluffy and sacharine compared to the band’s earlier work, but so what. like so many of their songs, you’ll quickly be singing along. besides, sandee says “it’s just good music.” 	lustworthy: honda silver wing and reflex sure, italian scooters look great, but where do you get them serviced? motostrada in maryland has a great selection of new and vintage european scooters, but that’s the nearest dealership and service center. it’s a great shop, don’t get me wrong, but it’s not really a solution for people in northern new hampshire. so if i don’t trust biff at the local cycle shop to work on an european import scooter, what would i trust biff to work on? 	learning unix macos x’s unix underpinnings have had mac users asking the same question for a while now: “how can i learn unix?” and for those who really want to learn unix, i point them to ?leenfrisch’s &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/esa /&rdquo; title=&quot;essential system administration, rd edition“&gt;essential system administration, rd edition. it’s direct and concise, yet thorough. it was the book i turned to for an introduction to unix, and it’s a book i keep on my shelf as a reference when i need it. 	frozen mud slides — from scratch who wouldn’t enjoy a frozen mud slide on a hot summer day? typical recipes call for crushed ice and cream or ice cream. for some reason, we decided to try making them from ice cream, from scratch. the maisonbisson frozen mud slide this recipe requires an ice cream maker, we used the deni scoop factory. . cups heavy cream cup milk cup sugar . cups bailey’s dash vanilla mix ingredients in bowl, then pour into ice cream maker’s freezer container. 	the plan what we need is a van. a black van with red alloy wheels and a diamond bubble window. yeah. get on the jazz, sucka. 	streamripper saves mp radio to disk i must be an idiot not to have found streamripper sooner. in the days before walkmans i used to record radio broadcasts on an early portable cassette recorder so i could listen later. this is how i discovered “angel in a centerfold” and many other great cultural landmarks from the early s. of course, things have changed since then. my taste hasn’t improved so much as commercial radio has fallen. internet radio, thankfully, may rescue me. 	story review: derryl murphy’s last call one: i discovered fictionwise.com, a source all types of fiction in ebook formats. two: here’s the assignment that lead me to look for fictionwise in the first place. click for pdf. [update] it’s funny how things circulate on the web. i’ve googled myself enough to know how i show up in odd places, so i can understand how derryl murphy might have wondered how a review of one of his many stories appeared here. 	my new favorite pop i found a bottle of ibc cream soda at our famous warren village market and it quickly reminded me of why i love cream soda. but now, no other cream soda tastes as good. i’ve tried a few; they just make me sad. now i need to speak with the folks at the market to get a case of the good stuff. it can also be ordered from popsoda.com. 	pictures of the warren rocket warren is blessed with a rocket. it was once a intermediate range ballistic missile, but it’s basically the same rocket that launched america’s first astronauts allen b. shepherd and gus grissom into sub-orbital space. it’s enough to be proud of, anyway. roadsideamerica.com has a story on our rocket, but it’s based on reader reports and it seems people just don’t know what town they’re in when they see the thing. 	redstone brewery’s first steps in the fall of cliff convinced me that i needed to brew hard cider. in turn, i convinced him that we needed to brew lots of it. we soon bought barrels that had been used for cherry coke concentrate and found an orchard that would sell us bulk sweet cider. after siphoning the gallons from two barrels in my truck into two barrels prepared in my basement, adding sugar and other flavors, and pitching the yeast, we waited. 	color theory my overwhelming interest in earth-tones and browns leads me to look for them and define them numerically. a lousy overview of color models, especially the hsv model. originally written for one of my classes. click here for pdf. [update]: i’d like to point out a later story about color blindness and streetlights. 	tempo cameras need regular testing. don’t they? view tempo at .mac theater. originally put together to demonstrate synchronization of music and images. look for daria and her silly monkey, and a short appearance by travis. 	hammernode dynodns services hammernode dynamic dns services couldn’t be better. well, what could be better than a free, high quality service? 	headshots our new camera equipment arrived one day in august . obviously, it needed testing. this is the result.view headshots at .mac theater. that’s me looking like an idiot. and cliff too. sorry, this one isn’t “fast start.” you’ll have to wait until it loads all mbs. 	iug : houston officially i’m here to attend the innovative users’ group conference, but there’s a lot more to do in texas and i took a few extra days to do it. my brother lives just north of austin, and just north of that is waco. being so close, i had to go visit. …and while there, i couldn’t help but look for the branch davidian compound. houston is an interesting city, but two landmarks particularly interested me. 	looking at waco **texas stories** i had a chance to visit waco in april . here are some links that i gathered from that time. eventually i’ll post a story to go with them. dr. pepper museum waco visitor bureau red men museum texas ranger museum branch davidians 	contrasting houston texas stories the beer can house on the northwest side of town was built by john milkovisch starting in . over the next years he drank a six-pack per day to furnish and adorn the house with almost , cans. meanwhile, on the southeast side of town, cleveland turner looked to god to help get him off the sauce. as thanks for his salvation and sobriety, he gathered up all the trash in his neighborhood, painted it, and arranged it to look like flowers. 	galveston’s seawolf park **texas stories** while in texas i had an oportunity to see galveston and visit seawolf park. seawolf park is home to a wwii sub and an escort cruiser. it pleased me to no end that i was able to climb all over inside and outside both boats. i took more pictures there than anywhere else during my texas adventure. [](http://homepage.mac.com/misterbisson/seawolfpark/ _ .jpg) cavalla’s diving controls &lt;td align=&quot;center&quot; valign=&quot;middle&quot;&gt; [&lt;img src=&quot;http://homepage. 	visiting the branch davidian compound texas stories work brought me to texas in april , but morbid curiosity brought me to waco. i found a story by dan tobias about the branch davidian compound and its remains. following his directions, i found my way to the site and later emailed dan with the changes i found since he last visited. my email to him is included in the body of this story, but i recommend you read dan’s story about the branch davidians first. 	quicktime embed tags apple’s docs on embedding qt media in web pages. it’s here mostly as a bookmark for me. click here for the docs. 	search from https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/ feb f f ddd ae a cb ae, which continues: this file exists solely to respond to /search url with the related search layout template. no content shown here is rendered, all content is based in the template $theme/layouts/page/search.html setting a very low sitemap priority will tell search engines this is not important content. this implementation uses fusejs, jquery and mark.js the full details can be found in https://gist.github.com/eddiewebb/ feb f f ddd ae a cb ae. you should never see this content! posts | mark a. matienzo skip to content w c svg main navigation menu 	 about 	 now 	 posts 	 notes 	 music 	 projects 	 publications 	 presentations 	 press posts 	 perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies publish date: november , tags: 	 recipes 	 food by mark a. matienzo i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare. (read more …) 	 in memoriam and appreciation of rob casson ( - ) publish date: october , tags: 	 code lib 	 personal by mark a. matienzo the world lost one of its brightest and most charming lights earlier this week, rob casson. many of us knew rob through the code lib community and conferences and his work at miami university libraries. we miss his generosity, patience, sense of humor, and genuine kindness. those of us who got the chance to socialize with him also remember his passion for music, and some of us were even lucky to see live shows in the evenings between conference sessions and other social activities. on sunday, october at : pm pacific/ : pm eastern, those of us who knew him through code lib and the world of libraries are encouraged to gather to share our memories of him and to appreciate his life and work. please join me and my co-organizers, mike giarlo and declan fleming on zoom (registration required). robert casson (robcasson), jan - sep . photo: declan fleming. (read more …) 	 first sota activation publish date: september , tags: 	 ham radio by mark a. matienzo about a month ago, i got my ham radio license, and soon after i got pretty curious about summits on the air (sota), an award scheme focused on safe and low impact portable operation from mountaintops. while i like to hike, i’m arguably a pretty casual hiker, and living in california provides a surprising number of options within minutes driving time for sota newbies. (read more …) 	 optimizing friction publish date: august , tags: 	 indieweb 	 music 	 plan 	 food by mark a. matienzo over and in response to the last few months, i’ve been reflecting about intentionality, and how i spend my time creating things. i have tried to improve the indiewebbiness of my site, and understanding what it means to “scratch my own itch”. this resonates particularly lately because it’s leading me to mull over which parts should be hard and easy. unsurprisingly, much of that is personal preference, and figuring out how i want to optimize from the perspective of user experience. friction in ux can be a powerful tool, part of what i’m trying to find is where i want to retain friction as it helps me remain intentional. (read more …) 	 a hugo shortcode for embedding mirador publish date: july , tags: 	 iiif 	 hugo by mark a. matienzo i spent a little time over the last day or so trying to bodge together a shortcode for hugo to embed an instance of mirador. while it’s not quite as simple (or full-featured) as i’d like, it’s nonetheless a starting point. the shortcode generates a snippet of html that gets loaded into hugo pages, but (unfortunately) most of the heavy lifting is done by a separate static page that gets included as an <iframe/> within the page. that page parses url parameters to pass some of the parameters when mirador gets instantiated. getting a consistent way to load multiple iiif manifests, either into comparison view or for populating a resource list also needs some work, which also led me to grapple with thinking through the iiif content state api spec, which will require some more attention, too. (read more …) 	 besieged publish date: july , tags: 	 personal by mark a. matienzo i have spent the last four and a half months feeling like everything is slipping from my grasp – personally, professionally, and in between. the torpor of life under a pandemic and a world wracked with pain has led me to feel like i am stuck in slowly-drying glue. planning too far ahead seems nearly pointless. and yet, every day, we are asked to undertake haruspicy, to speculate about how our organizations and ourselves should respond to the remaining uncertainty, ideally with precision. the world keeps turning and we are asked to keep up, while taking care of family members, grieving our losses, or dealing with other challenges amplified by the present circumstances. at the same time, i feel myself slowing down, or at least to continue trying to slow down. i have not read anything more substantial than an article since february, despite getting a stack of books out of the library in preparation for more time at home. the cognitive load of mailing packages can sometimes be too much. (read more …) 	 comments on revisions to saa statement on diversity and inclusion publish date: february , tags: 	 archives 	 saa 	 dei by mark a. matienzo the saa council has issued a call for comments on the saa statement on diversity and inclusion. as noted in the announcement, the revision includes changes to expand the statement to cover equity as well. comments are open on the revisions until march , , and what follows are the comments that i’ve submitted. (read more …) 	 books read, january-february publish date: february , tags: 	 reading by mark a. matienzo i’m trying to do a better job tracking what i’ve been reading. here’s a start. (read more …) 	 solidarity, logistics, and infrastructure on prime day publish date: july , tags: 	 labor by mark a. matienzo july and th are “prime day,” amazon’s attempt to drive up sales and artificial demand around things we don’t need at prices they’ve convinced us that we can afford. thanks to mar hicks, many of us heard that workers at a shakopee, minnesota fulfillment center are holding a six-hour work stoppage on one of the busiest days of the year. alongside, many have called for a boycott on amazon and its subsidiaries (whole foods, goodreads, twitch, etc.), and others have called for a general strike to protest amazon’s collaboration with palantir in aiding ice. with all of this in mind, i’ve been reflecting on what larger scale industrial actions could look like when we look at amazon’s simultaneous leveraging of centralization and unreliability of single resources to provide critical infrastructure for the it sector and its own operations. (read more …) 	 : a year in gratitude publish date: january , tags: 	 music 	 archives 	 leadership by mark a. matienzo this year was largely complicated and often felt like a massive garbage fire to myself and my crew. i didn’t accomplish a number of my goals and was inconsistent about others, so recapping awesome things i did doesn’t feel appropriate and also happens to be a soft reminder of either failure or things not going as planned. i also tend to hate “best of the year” lists but i find them helpful to remember about where i found joy or the ability to connect to something outside of myself. i suppose this is an attempt to reconcile those things, or perhaps more in line with the end of year spirit, a way to articulate gratitude to the people and things around me that impacted me. 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working for liber liber (ligue des bibliothèques européennes de recherche – association of european research libraries) is the voice of europe’s research library community. 	 what we do 	 our - strategy 	 projects 	 working groups 	 leadership & skills building 	 policy development 	 advocacy & communication liber’s exists to support europe’s research libraries. we highlight their value to policymakers, provide resources and training and form valuable partnerships. working groups 	 																 architecture 	 																 copyright & legal matters 	 																 citizen science 	 																 digital humanities & digital cultural heritage 	 																 digital skills 	 																 fim l 	 																 innovative metrics 	 																 leadership programmes 	 																 linked open data 	 																 open access 	 																 research data management focus areas 	 																 innovative scholarly communication 	 																 digital skills & services 	 																 research infrastructure 	 																 	 																 copyright reform 	 																 lobbying 	 																 open science 	 																 text & data mining 	 our network 	 liber member libraries 	 partners 	 join liber 	 get involved 	 sponsors 	 become a liber sponsor 	 press centre liber (ligue des bibliothèques européennes de recherche – association of european research libraries) is the voice of europe’s research library community. 	 resources 	 search all resources 	 selected resources 	 branding toolbox 	 dmp catalogue 	 job description repository quick searches 	 																 case studies 	 																 factsheets 	 																 reports 	 																 guidelines alerts & mailings 	 																 liber alerts 	 																 quarterly mailings 	 																 liber quarterly journal 	 events & webinars 	 events 	 webinars 	 annual conference 	 liber journées 	 emerging leaders programme 	 webinar recordings 	 	search page 	get involved 	resources 	events & training 	search page 	contact 	get involved 	 news 	 sponsors 	 contact us 	 strategy the five-year period - promises to bring radical changes to the research landscape. 	strategy 	innovative scholarly communication 	digital skills & services 	research infrastructure 	former strategies liber’s vision for the research landscape in is that the role of research libraries will lie in powering sustainable knowledge in the digital age. our strategy focuses on those developments where a leading role by liber will bring the most added value. in , we see a world where: 	open access is the predominant form of publishing; 	research data is findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (fair); 	digital skills underpin a more open and transparent research life cycle; 	research infrastructure is participatory, tailored and scaled to the needs of the diverse disciplines; 	the cultural heritage of tomorrow is built on today’s digital information.   liber is working on these themes via its three strategic directions — innovative scholarly communication, digital skills & services and research infrastructure.  	we’re strengthening and expanding the roles of research libraries in innovative scholarly communication. 	we’re developing research libraries as hubs for digital skills and services in both physical and virtual research environments. 	we’re supporting the development of interoperable and scalable infrastructure which supports sustainable knowledge and is seamlessly linked with institutional services. the development of the strategy has been guided by liber’s mission and values. download the strategy (pdf) innovative scholarly communication priorities 	 . open access 	 . copyright and legal matters 	 . innovative metrics 	 . citizen science 				 priority # our open access working group is looking at open access developments and the role of libraries therein, including plan s and conducting oa negotiations with publishers; also the possibilities for libraries as open access publishers and innovative publishing. 				 								 priority # this working group keeps a close eye on european legislative and policy developments, actively speaks up for the interests of libraries, and provides advice and guidance for researchers. 				 								 priority # the innovative metrics working group is sharing best practices that can be used to develop recommendations for the optimal use of metrics in research libraries and information infrastructures, regardless of size, budget or experience level. 				 								 priority # the citizen science working group aims to deliver webinars, recommendations, white papers, templates, reading lists and case studies over the two-year life of the working group supporting research libraries to engage in citizen science. 				 				 	 citizen science priority # the citizen science working group aims to deliver webinars, recommendations, white papers, templates, reading lists and case studies over the two-year life of the working group supporting research libraries to engage in citizen science. 	 citizen science priority # the citizen science working group aims to deliver webinars, recommendations, white papers, templates, reading lists and case studies over the two-year life of the working group supporting research libraries to engage in citizen science. 	 citizen science priority # the citizen science working group aims to deliver webinars, recommendations, white papers, templates, reading lists and case studies over the two-year life of the working group supporting research libraries to engage in citizen science. 	 citizen science priority # the citizen science working group aims to deliver webinars, recommendations, white papers, templates, reading lists and case studies over the two-year life of the working group supporting research libraries to engage in citizen science. working groups citizen science working groupliber citizen science working group copyright & legal matters working groupliber copyright & legal matters working group open access working groupliber open access working group projects recreating europe projectrecreating europe: rethinking digital copyright law for a culturally diverse, accessible, creative europe inos projectinos: integrating open and citizen science into active learning approaches in higher education steering committee for questions about the committee’s work, please contact the chair of the committee dr giannis tsakonas. dr giannis tsakonas director, library & information center, university of patras contact sylvia koukounidou coordinator of digitisation and archives office, library-university of cyprus contact sofie wennström analyst, stockholm university library contact benjamin white researcher, centre for intellectual property policy & management, bournemouth university contact charlotte wien professor of scholarly communication, university of southern denmark contact astrid verheusen executive director, liber contact 	 		 		 		 		contact 		 	 	name* 	email* 	message* 	captcha 	 digital skills and services priorities 	 . building strong library leaders 	 . diversifying digital skills of library staff members and researchers 	 . digital cultural heritage and digital humanities 				 priority # our leadership programmes working group runs two leadership courses aimed at current and upcoming directors, and undertakes other initiatives such as this job description database. 				 								 priority # an educational programme with the aim of developing the digital skills of library staff members is being developed via our digital skills for library staff & researchers working group. 				 								 priority # library services for supporting the digital humanities are being identified by this working group via workshops, surveys and other activities. 				 				 	 digital cultural heritage and digital humanities priority # library services for supporting the digital humanities are being identified by this working group via workshops, surveys and other activities. 	 digital cultural heritage and digital humanities priority # library services for supporting the digital humanities are being identified by this working group via workshops, surveys and other activities. 	 digital cultural heritage and digital humanities priority # library services for supporting the digital humanities are being identified by this working group via workshops, surveys and other activities. working groups startup business people working on laptop digital humanities & digital cultural heritageliber digital humanities & digital cultural heritage working group leadership programmes working groupliber leadership programmes working group digital skills working groupliber digital skills for library staff & researchers working group steering committee for questions about the committee’s work, please see the strategic direction page or contact the chair of the committee dr bertil dorch. dr bertil f. dorch library director at the university library of southern denmark contact liisi lembinen development director, university of tartu library contact kirsty lingstadt head of digital library & deputy director of library and university collections, university of edinburgh contact lotte wilms digital scholarship advisor, national library of the netherlands contact hilde van kiel director, ku leuven libraries contact cécile swiatek adbu, paris, france contact ciara mccaffrey deputy librarian, glucksman library, university of limerick contact athina papadopoulou events & partnerships coordinator contact 	 		 		 		 		contact 		 	 	name* 	email* 	message* 	captcha 	 research infrastructure priorities 	 . research data management 	 . semantic interoperability 	 . data stewardship 	 . disciplinary partnership 	 . architecture 				 priority # our rdm working group is exploring and developing library services regarding fair research data, such as support for data management during research projects and support for data archive/data repositories to store and publish research datasets, and linking data to publications. 				 								 priority # open and linked data: research libraries are experts in metadata and ontologies and need to take a leadership role and engage with other stakeholders to ensure interoperability and accessibility of content. our linked open data working group is conducting a survey and looking at best-practices in this area. 				 								 priority # the development of criteria and guidelines regarding data stewardship and data curation, which are increasingly important for research libraries. 				 								 priority # the different requirements of diverse scientific disciplines need to be translated into scalable infrastructure. this infrastructure should ultimately enable cross-disciplinary collaboration. 				 								 priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. 				 				 	 architecture priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. 	 architecture priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. 	 architecture priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. 	 architecture priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. 	 architecture priority # in addition to digital infrastructure, the physical layout of libraries is key. our architecture working group brings librarians together with building projects, and helps to focus concepts and planning processes. working groups architecture working groupliber architecture working group (lag) "keyhole with a key in it" by christine schmitt is licensed under cc by-nc-nd . fim l working groupliber fim l working group " -nodexl-twitter-#glee" by marc_smith is licensed with cc by . . to view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ . / linked open data working groupliber linked open data working group image cc , alexander sinn research data management working groupliber research data management working group projects sshoc projectsshoc: an open cloud for social sciences and humanities steering committee for questions about the committee’s work, please contact the chair of the committee dr birgit schmidt. dr birgit schmidt head of knowledge commons, göttingen state and university library contact eliane blumer research data coordinator, École polytechnique fédérale de lausanne contact rob grim economics (data) librarian, erasmus university rotterdam contact sylvia van peteghem chief librarian, ghent university contact matias frosterus information systems manager, national library of finland contact astrid verheusen executive director, liber contact 	 		 		 		 		contact 		 	 	name* 	email* 	message* 	captcha 	 former strategies   strategy - strategy -     	 	 		 			 				 					 	sign up for our monthly liber alerts 	email* 				 			 		 		 							 					 							c/o koninklijke bibliotheek 	national library of the netherlands 	po box 	 lk the hague 	the netherlands 	tel: + 	mail: liber@libereurope.org 					 				 										 						working groups 	events 	webinars 	get involved 	contact us 				 										 					 						together we get things done. 						get involved 					 				 					 					 				 						privacy statement & cookies 	copyright liber 				 			 			 	 	 		 			 weeknote ( ) – librarian of things 	 		skip to content 		 			 				 					 											librarian of things 										 							 					 		 	 		 	 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 § first off is this recommended read from the november th issue of the new yorker, the rise and fall of getting things done by cal ‘deep work’ newport. as newport himself describes his work, it’s not, however, really about david allen’s productivity system, which longtime readers (and listeners) know i really admire. it’s instead about a deeper question that i hadn’t heard discussed much before: why do we leave office workers to figure out on their own how to get things done? with the notable exception of agile software development teams, companies in this sector largely leave decisions about how work is assigned, reviewed, and organized up to individuals. we promulgate clear objectives and construct motivating corporate cultures, but when it comes to actually executing these tasks, we just hook everyone up to an email address or slack channel and tell them to rock and roll. this has led to a culture of overload and fragmented attention that makes everyone involved miserable. i don’t want to spoil the conclusions of this article, but i will tip you off that i’m filling this article away in my notebook about visualizing workflow. § i discovered this work from carl’s e-alert newsletter, thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure (a.j. boston, lpc blog – fellows journal, november ). parts of it hit a little too close to home for my liking… i’m sure i’m being unfair in my stance. to capture a diverse constituency, a big-tent approach can be effective. compromise can cause cynicism about our politics, but sometimes a little progress can be better than a lot of regression. that’s the story i’ve told myself, at least, while making my daily compromise as a scholcomm librarian who manages our elsevier-owned institutional repository service, digital commons. my school contracted with bepress (then an independent company) shortly before hiring me to manage it, and my values felt fully aligned as i made the pitch across campus to deposit green oa manuscripts there. but that feeling changed with the announcement of elsevier acquiring bepress in august (mackenzie, ). since , the digital commons service hasn’t worsened, but the premise that many customers initially bought into, of supporting an independent platform in the scholarly communication ecosystem, has eroded. and what do people do when they face a deterioration of goods and services? for a.o. hirschman ( ), there are three choices (which later scholars have revised upon): exit, voice, and loyalty. in my case, exit seems out of the question: a diverse constituency of groups on my campus have now integrated the software, and a swap would be overly-costly and damage relationships in the process. i don’t know whether i’d categorize what i am doing now as voice or loyalty, but what i do know is that there is a strong glimmer of recognition when sen. harris walks her fracking-issue tightrope, or when grant-funding institutions rock the boat just lightly enough that it doesn’t risk a capsize. § also from aforementioned e-alert, aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation (p. anderson, publishing perspectives, november ) after a -year fight, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center have declined to pursue any further appeals in their lawsuit against georgia state university regarding their reliance on fair use in making materials available via e-reserves. read more @pubperspectives  i used to refer to the georgia state e-reserves case as an example of selective enforcement of copyright by publishers in which educational use of works behind an authentication system was vigorously challenged in court, while rampant open distribution of works under copyright via academia.edu and researchgate was ignored for years. § i only read the headline and the abstract of this article but i am sharing it anyway because i liked the conclusion that tyler cowan [ht] drew from it: open access improves the quality of citations. § earlier this week hugh rundle published a blog post called empathy daleks that gave me life: her studies indicate that diversifying the authors, perspectives, representations and examples in standard textbooks is not simply “more inclusive” or “just” in an abstract way (though that would be good anyway). students who feel they belong — who feel validated as members or potential members of a profession or academic discipline — are more likely to succeed and complete their degrees. that is, lambert suggests that diversifying the authors and even the examples or hypothetical actors in university textbooks by itself has a positive effect on completion rates, engagement, and student satisfaction with courses. amy nusbaum shows in a recent article that oer is an effective way to accelerate this, because with licenses allowing “remixing” of content the examples used within open textbooks can be updated to suit local needs without having to rewrite the entire text…. but it was lambert uttering the magic words about diverse texts improving “student success” that suddenly felt quite subversive. to understand why, we need to interrogate what universities usually mean when they talk about “student success”, and particularly the infrastructures universities have been building around it. hugh rundle, empathy daleks, november , and on that note… i liked this tweet about university rankings some days ago. "none of these ‘flagship’ rankings considered #openaccess, equality, diversity, sustainability or other society-focused agendas." https://t.co/am ctepuom — peter suber (@petersuber) november , speaking of society-focused agendas, while i was doing some of the more rote collection development tasks this week (reviewing lists of duplicate titles, finding missing titles that were of need of replacing), i listened to a number of episodes of terry greene’s getting air: the open pedagogy podcast and i enjoyed them very much. i’ve had the pleasure of knowing and spending time with some of the guests on his show and it is such a treat to hear them speak about the careful thought and thoughtful care they put into their work of teaching. share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on november , november , categories weeknotes			 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * comment name * email * website 	 	 	 		post navigation 		previous previous post: weeknote ( ) next next post: weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		about me 			librarian of things is a blog by me, mita williams, who used to blog at new jack librarian until blogger.com finally gave up the ghost. if you don’t have an rss reader, you can subscribe for email delivery through mailchimp. you can learn more about my work at aedileworks.com as well as my other blogs and my weekly newsletter. if you are an editor of a scholarly journal and think that a post could be expanded into a more academic form, please let me know. 		 	 		search for: 		 	 	search 		 		recent posts 			 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 		archives 				december 	november 	october 	september 	june 	may 	april 	october 	june 	may 	april 	march 	january 	july 	june 	may 	april 	december 	june 	may 	april 	november 	august 	july 			meta 			log in 	entries feed 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more information, see our privacy policy and information on cookie use. accept × start managing your projects on the osf today. free and easy to use, the open science framework supports the entire research lifecycle: planning, execution, reporting, archiving, and discovery. create an account learn more hide this message copyright © - center for open science | terms of use | privacy policy | status | api top guidelines | reproducibility project: psychology | reproducibility project: cancer biology oclc & liber open science discussions - liber europe to main content to navigation news sponsors contact us 	 who we are 	 about us 	 mission & values 	 organisation 	 governance 	 history 	 working for liber liber (ligue des bibliothèques européennes de recherche – association of european research libraries) is the voice of europe’s research library community. 	 what we do 	 our - strategy 	 projects 	 working groups 	 leadership & skills building 	 policy development 	 advocacy & communication liber’s exists to support europe’s research libraries. we highlight their value to policymakers, provide resources and training and form valuable partnerships. working groups 	 																 architecture 	 																 copyright & legal matters 	 																 citizen science 	 																 digital humanities & digital cultural heritage 	 																 digital skills 	 																 fim l 	 																 innovative metrics 	 																 leadership programmes 	 																 linked open data 	 																 open access 	 																 research data management focus areas 	 																 innovative scholarly communication 	 																 digital skills & services 	 																 research infrastructure 	 																 	 																 copyright reform 	 																 lobbying 	 																 open science 	 																 text & data mining 	 our network 	 liber member libraries 	 partners 	 join liber 	 get involved 	 sponsors 	 become a liber sponsor 	 press centre liber (ligue des bibliothèques européennes de recherche – association of european research libraries) is the voice of europe’s research library community. 	 resources 	 search all resources 	 selected resources 	 branding toolbox 	 dmp catalogue 	 job description repository quick searches 	 																 case studies 	 																 factsheets 	 																 reports 	 																 guidelines alerts & mailings 	 																 liber alerts 	 																 quarterly mailings 	 																 liber quarterly journal 	 events & webinars 	 events 	 webinars 	 annual conference 	 liber journées 	 emerging leaders programme 	 webinar recordings 	 	search page 	get involved 	resources 	events & training 	search page 	contact 	get involved 	 news 	 sponsors 	 contact us 	 									news 					 oclc & liber open science discussions 					 posted: - - 				 					topics: 											oclc 												open science 						 oclc and liber: joint discussion series on open science   oclc and liber initiated a discussion series on open science that was held through various webinars and discussion groups. this joint initiative aligned efforts between research libraries in both europe and north america. discussions took place from the the th september – th november . the series, based on the liber open science roadmap, helps guide research libraries in envisioning a support infrastructure for open science (os) and determining their role on the topic at local, national, and even global levels. keen to read insightful posts about these discussions? take a look a the below posts: 	oclc-liber – the way forward to a more open future together 	oclc-liber open science discussion on citizen science 	oclc-liber open science discussion on research integrity 	oclc-liber open science discussion on skills 	oclc-liber open science discussion on metrics and rewards by titia van der werf 	oclc-liber open science discussion on research infrastructures and the european open science cloud (eosc) by astrid verheusen 	oclc-liber open science discussion on the fair principles by brian lavoie 	oclc-liber open science discussion on scholarly publishing by rebecca bryant 	press release: oclc and liber announce joint discussion series on open science 	 	 		 			 				 					 	sign up for our monthly liber alerts 	email* 				 			 		 		 							 					 							c/o koninklijke bibliotheek 	national library of the netherlands 	po box 	 lk the hague 	the netherlands 	tel: + 	mail: liber@libereurope.org 					 				 										 						working groups 	events 	webinars 	get involved 	contact us 				 										 					 						together we get things done. 						get involved 					 				 					 					 				 						privacy statement & cookies 	copyright liber 				 			 			 	 	 	 literary machines - digital libraries, books, archives literary machines digital libraries, books, archives. about me jul archiviiify a short guide to download digitized books from internet archive and rehost on your own infrastructure using iiif with full-text search. jan pywb . - docker quickstart four years have passed since i first wrote of pywb: it was a young tool at the time, but already usable and extremely simple to deploy. since then a lot of works has been done by ilya kreymer (and others), resulting in all the new features available with the . release. also, some very big webarchiving initiatives have moved and used pywb in these years: webrecorder itself, rhizome, perma, arquivo pt in portugal, the italian national library in florence (italy), (others i’m missing). oct anonymous webarchiving webarchiving activities, as any other activity where an http client is involved, leave marks of their steps: the web server you are visiting or crawling will save your ip address in its logs (or even worse it can decide to ban your ip). this is usually not a problem, there are plenty of good reasons for a webserver to keep logs of its visitors. but sometimes you may need to protect your own identity when you are visiting or saving something from a website, and there a lot of sensitive careers that need this protection: activists, journalist, political dissidents. tor has been invented for this, and today offer a good protection to browse anonymously the web. can we also archive the web through tor? sep open bni il maggio viene annunciato il rilascio libero della bibliografia nazionale italiana (bni). viene apprezzata l’apertura di questo catalogo (anche se con i limiti dei soli pdf), e da profano di biblioteconomia faccio anche una domanda sull’effettivo caso d’uso della bni. il agosto viene annunciato il rilascio delle annate e anche in formato unimarc e marcxml. incuriosito dal catalogo inizio ad esplorarlo, per pensare a possibili trasformazioni (triple rdf) o arricchimenti con/verso altri dati (wikidata). mar epub linkrot linkrot also affects epub files (who would have thought! :)). how to check the health of external links in epub books (required tools: a shell, atool, pup, gnu parallel). feb skos nuovo soggettario, api e autocomplete come creare una api per un form con autocompletamento usando i termini del nuovo soggettario, con i sorted sets di redis e nginx+lua. nov serve deepzoom images from a zip archive with openseadragon vips is a fast image processing system. version higher than . can generate static tiles of big images in deepzoom format, saving them directly into a zip archive. oct a wayback machine (pywb) on a cheap, shared host for a long time the only free (i’m unaware of commercial ones) implementation of a web archival replay software has been the wayback machine (now openwayback). it’s a stable and mature software, with a strong community behind. to use it you need to be confident with the deploy of a java web application; not so difficult, and documentation is exaustive. but there is a new player in the game, pywb, developed by ilya kramer, a former internet archive developer. built in python, relatively simpler than wayback, and now used in a pro archiving project at rhizome. sep opendata dell'anagrafe biblioteche come usare gli opendata dell’anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane e disegnare su una mappa web gli indirizzi delle biblioteche. sep api json dell'opac sbn alcuni mesi fa è stata rilasciata da iccu una app mobile per consultare l’opac sbn. anche se graficamente poco accattivante l’app funziona bene, e trovo molto utili le funzioni di ricerca di un libro scansionando il codice a barre con la camera del telefonino, e la possibilità di bookmarkare dei preferiti. incuriosito dal funzionamento ho pensato di analizzarne il traffico http. page of subscribe! all content is licensed under a creative commons attribution . international license made with jekyll + kasper theme none planet code lib planet code lib 	digital library federation: calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon 	hugh rundle: for what we will 	open library: importing your goodreads &amp; accessing them with open library’s apis 	andromeda yelton: though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez 	lucidworks: how iot &amp; industry . relate — and why manufacturers should care 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús 	lucidworks: solr streaming expressions enables advanced search and filtering in fitch connect 	david rosenthal: risc vs. cisc 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko 	ed summers: for 	samvera: save the date for samvera virtual connect 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado 	zbw german national library of economics: building the swib participants map 	ed summers: diss music 	andromeda yelton: of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 	mita williams: weeknote ( ) 	lucidworks: enhance personalization efforts with new features in fusion 	hangingtogether: the way forward to a more open future … together 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge 	john mark ockerbloom: from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman 	lucidworks: new study: why brands that connect experiences win 	tara robertson: names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	jodi schneider: paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	lucidworks: don’t fear the cloud (or kubernetes): your google security questions answered 	ed summers: years of robots.txt 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black 	in the library, with the lead pipe: culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc 	ed summers: curation communities 	david rosenthal: max ungrounding 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom 	journal of web librarianship: evolutional librarianship: from supermarket to smorgasbord 	casey bisson: every journalist 	ed summers: mystery file! 	islandora: islandora open meeting: december th, 	digital library federation: announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix 	terry reese: marcedit . update status 	journal of web librarianship: what metadata matters?: correlation of metadata elements with click-through rates for e-books and streaming video in the academic library catalog 	max planck digital library: mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm 	casey bisson: the three tribes of the internet 	mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies 	mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies 	casey bisson: happy d.b. cooper day 	peter murray: user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay 	coral sheldon-hess: the online unconference of niche interests 	mita williams: weeknote ( ) 	ed summers: kettle lita blog – empowering libraries through technology 	 												lita blog 												 							empowering libraries through technology						 					 toggle navigation 	about 	regular contributors 	get involved! 	join lita 						 	 		 			 	 		 		 			 						 				 	 		lita jobs 		jobs in information technology: august , 				 			august , august , | jenny levine		 			 	 	 		new this week coordinator of digital scholarship and programs, marquette university libraries, milwaukee wi digital scholarship coordinator, unc charlotte, charlotte, nc visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		lita jobs 		jobs in 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division presidents plus senior staff) formed working groups of members from all divisions to make recommendations about how to proceed with our awards/scholarships, budget/finance, committees, communications, conference programming, continuing education, fundraising/sponsorships, interest groups, member engagement, nominations for president-elect, publications, and standards. these groups have done an amazing amount of work in a very short time period, and we’re grateful to these members for their commitment and effort. we’re happy to report… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		education 		free lita webinar ~ library tech response to covid- ~ august th 				 			july , | chrishelle thomas		 			 	 	 		sign up for this free lita webinar: library tech response to covid- libraries are taking the necessary precautions to create a safe environment during the pandemic. social distancing isn’t the only solution, but providing access to loanable technologies, including handling and quarantine of equipment, cleaning, and other safety and health concerns are just some of the measures put in place. with the ongoing disruption to library services caused by covid- , what reopening planning policies should be considered for usage? in this free -minute presentation, our presenters will share tips that might be helpful to other librarians before they reopen. the presenters will also talk about the evolution of the phased plan from the establishment of a temporary computer lab in the library as covid- began to spread in march , to the current phased approach for gradual reopening. justin will also offer insight into managed access, technology and services, workflows, messaging,… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		lita jobs 		jobs in information technology: july , 				 			july , | jenny levine		 			 	 	 		new this week library director, walpole town library, walpole, nh visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		program planning 		core call for ala annual program proposals 				 			july , | chrishelle thomas		 			 	 	 		submit an ala annual conference program proposal for ala’s newest division, core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, which will begin on september , . proposals are due september , , and you don’t need to be a core member to submit a proposal. submit your idea using this proposal form. core welcomes topics of interest to a wide range of library professionals in many different areas, including… . access and equity advocacy in areas such as copyright, equity of access, open access, net neutrality, and privacy preservation week equity, diversity, and inclusion, both within the division and the profession, as related to core’s subject areas . assessment emphasizing the role of assessment in demonstrating the impacts of libraries or library services assessment tools, methods, guidelines, standards, and policies and procedures . leadership and management developing leaders at every level best practices for inclusion by using an equity lens to examine leadership… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		education 		core call for webinar proposals 				 			july , | chrishelle thomas		 			 	 	 		submit a webinar proposal for ala’s newest division, core: leadership, infrastructure, futures, which will begin on september , . proposals are due september , , and you don’t need to be a core member to submit a proposal. early submissions are encouraged and will be considered for september and october presentations. submit your idea using this proposal form. core webinars reach a wide range of library professionals in many different areas, including… . access and equity advocacy in areas such as copyright, equity of access, open access, net neutrality, and privacy preservation week equity, diversity, and inclusion, both within the division and the profession, as related to core’s subject areas . assessment emphasizing the role of assessment in demonstrating the impacts of libraries or library services assessment tools, methods, guidelines, standards, and policies and procedures . leadership developing leaders at every level best practices for inclusion by using an equity lens to examine… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		core virtual forum 		core virtual forum is excited to announce our keynote speakers! 				 			july , july , | chrishelle thomas		 			 	 	 		core virtual forum welcomes our keynote speakers, dr. meredith d. clark and sofia leung! both speakers embody our theme in leading through their ideas and are catalysts for change to empower our community and move the library profession forward. dr. clark is a journalist and assistant professor in media studies at the university of virginia. she is academic lead for documenting the now ii, funded by the andrew w. mellon foundation. dr. clark develops new scholarship on teaching students about digital archiving and community-based archives from a media studies perspective. she will be a - fellow with data & society. she is a faculty affiliate at the center on digital culture and society at the university of pennsylvania. and, she sits on the advisory boards for project information literacy, and for the center for critical race and digital studies at new york university. clark is an in-demand media consultant… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		ital 		catch up on the june issue of information technology and libraries 				 			july , | chrishelle thomas		 			 	 	 		the june issue of information technology and libraries (ital) was published on june . editor ken varnum and lita president emily morton-owens reflect on the past three months in their letter from the editor, a blank page, and lita president’s message, a framework for member success, respectively. kevin ford is the author of this issue’s “editorial board thoughts” column, seeing through vocabularies. rounding out our editorial section, the june “public libraries leading the way” section offers two items. chuck mcandrew of the lebanon (new hampshire) public libraries describes his leadership in the imls-funded libraryvpn project. melody friedenthal, of the worcester (massachusetts) public library talks about how she approached and teaches an intro to coding using python course. peer-reviewed content virtual reality as a tool for student orientation in distance education programs: a study of new library and information science students dr. sandra valenti, brady lund, ting wang virtual reality… 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 				 	 		lita jobs 		jobs in information technology: july , 				 			july , july , | jenny levine		 			 	 	 		new this week dean of libraries, san jose state university, san jose, ca deputy library director, city of carlsbad, carlsbad, ca visit the lita jobs site for additional job openings and information on submitting your own job posting. 			 	 		continue reading	 	 			 			 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 		 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	 	 				 			 				 									 				 									 				 								the blog of the library and information technology association privacy policy 						 			 		 				 			powered by wordpress			 | 				wordpress theme by tidyhive		 	 thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure | library publishing coalition 	 	 	 	 			become a member 	contact us 	members 	log in 		 home 		 				 					menu 					skip to content 						about 	get involved 	forum 	awards 	directory 	resources 	blog 				 			 		 lpc blog the library publishing coalition blog is used to share news and updates about the lpc and the library publishing forum, to draw attention to items of interest to the community, and to publish informal commentaries by lpc members and friends. 	 		 	 		 		 		 november , thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure 		 			by a.j. boston 	 	 		 			 the fellows journal is a forum for the current library publishing coalition fellows to share their experiences and raise topics for discussion within the community. learn more about the fellowship program.  maybe it’s not all that surprising that i’ve come to think about scholcomm in terms similar to us politics. right now, as i draft this blog post, we are just a handful of days away from the election and in january , as the next (and hopefully different) president will be inaugurated, i will be compiling my tenure application. it’s been like this from the start. i was hired in february , when the republican party presidential primaries were beginning, which was the same month i joined twitter to better follow both politics and librarianship. sometimes we get what we ask for. twitter has been invaluable for keeping up with the latest scholcomm developments through conference live-tweets, article and policy announcements, and candid conversation between relevant figures in the field. i remember reading the first plan s announcement tweet from coalition-s in , and in fact the library publishing coalition blipped onto my radar from #lpforum tweets. using twitter has also made me excruciatingly aware of the shape of our political fights, pushed me further leftward, and as i mentioned, caused me to think about scholcomm and politics through a similar framing. here’s an example of how that can play out. https://twitter.com/aoc/status/   during the vice presidential debate, sen. kamala harris said very clearly that biden would not ban fracking if elected. it was not an inspiring moment, coming from someone who previously called for a fracking ban, but it was an understandable strategy. if you lose some swing-voters in pennsylvania who possibly care about this issue, you risk losing the entire race to an administration whose policies on climate change are much worse than just allowing continued fracking. but, if you do believe climate change to be an existential threat, why adopt a weakened stance on preventing it? i’ve thought this about private and public research funding agencies who champion open access. if you feel deeply about a cause, and it is within your power to make sweeping change, why keep on with the incremental? https://twitter.com/aj_boston/status/   https://twitter.com/aj_boston/status/   i’m sure i’m being unfair in my stance. to capture a diverse constituency, a big-tent approach can be effective. compromise can cause cynicism about our politics, but sometimes a little progress can be better than a lot of regression. that’s the story i’ve told myself, at least, while making my daily compromise as a scholcomm librarian who manages our elsevier-owned institutional repository service, digital commons. my school contracted with bepress (then an independent company) shortly before hiring me to manage it, and my values felt fully aligned as i made the pitch across campus to deposit green oa manuscripts there. but that feeling changed with the announcement of elsevier acquiring bepress in august (mackenzie, ). since , the digital commons service hasn’t worsened, but the premise that many customers initially bought into, of supporting an independent platform in the scholarly communication ecosystem, has eroded. and what do people do when they face a deterioration of goods and services? for a.o. hirschman ( ), there are three choices (which later scholars have revised upon): exit, voice, and loyalty. in my case, exit seems out of the question: a diverse constituency of groups on my campus have now integrated the software, and a swap would be overly-costly and damage relationships in the process. i don’t know whether i’d categorize what i am doing now as voice or loyalty, but what i do know is that there is a strong glimmer of recognition when sen. harris walks her fracking-issue tightrope, or when grant-funding institutions rock the boat just lightly enough that it doesn’t risk a capsize.   digital commons still allows me to make works open access that were not previously, but i can still feel the ground shift under my feet. remember the scene from there will be blood when daniel day-lewis humiliatingly shouts “i drink your milkshake!” to paul dano, revealing that he had drained dano’s land dry of oil using wells located off-property. well, it would seem that our milkshake (standing in for data [oil!] about researcher activity) brings all the oligopolists to the yard, whether it’s buried in a transformative agreement or dredged from an ir or other education platform, refined, and sold back to the university (aspesi & sparc, ). vertical integration to be clear here, it’s not that i don’t understand that it costs money to run things or disagree that there is positive potential in using publishing data to gain insights. it’s that “scholarly communication is up for grabs,” and as jefferson pooley ( ) writes, it is unclear which camp will become the primary custodian of it: “the one profit-seeking” or “the other mission-committed” one. pooley addressed the fates of the expanding scholarly architecture, with commercial acquisitions (altmetric, figshare, authorea, etc.) on one hand, and mellon foundation funded projects (manifold, open library of humanities, hypothesis, etc.) on the other. and as posada and chen ( ) have documented, the five big commercial publishers have systematically been acquiring infrastructure that captures every stage of the academic knowledge production lifecycle. (posada & chen, g, ) at this point, it’s a fair question to ask: so what? one way to answer this question is to consider other industries where commercial enclosures are threatening independence. my home community has a lot of visible farm work that takes place, and with it, the “iconic image of the american farmer … who works the land, milks cows and is self-reliant enough to fix the tractor” as laura sydell ( ) of npr described. when tractors break down, farmers have traditionally popped the hood and fixed problems as they arose in the field. but as tractors become increasingly outfitted with proprietary software, the only viable repair solution left becomes hauling into an authorized agent, suffering all the attendant costs and loss of time. the same for the crop being farmed, whose proprietary seeds (which cannot be saved year to year) are often used out of necessity for their resiliency to the proprietary insecticides used in the area. vertical integration throughout this supply chain marginalizes the ability of family farms to remain as independent operators, and thus, as diversifiers of market options. scholar-led publications and infrastructure serve a similar function in our industry. it’s here that i’m reminded of the role of regulatory policy. in a team warren medium post, senator elizabeth warren condemned past policy decisions which favored increased corporate consolidation in the agriculture sector and cited her strong support for “a national right-to-repair law that empowers farmers to repair their equipment without going to an authorized agent.” as much as i admire warren’s policy-making, i don’t hold my breath for a day any time soon when a top-down ruling will allow scholars to “get under the hood” and tinker with digital commons software to turn off the elsevier data pipeline. when marcin jakubowski confronted the tractor-repair issue on his own small farm, he said he realized that “the truly appropriate, low-cost tools” necessary for “a sustainable farm and settlement just didn’t exist yet.” in his ted talk, jakubowski[ ] said if he wanted “tools that were robust, modular, highly efficient and optimized, low-cost, made from local and recycled materials that would last a lifetime” rather than those “designed for obsolescence,” he would have to build them himself. jakubowski works on a project called the global village construction set, which is a repository of open source plans for fifty machines his group has identified as the most important to modern life, including tractors. luckily, the scholarly community has like-minded groups of people as this. nate angell summarized the joint roadmap for open science tools workshop, where bianca kramer and jeroen bosman mapped out “an alternative open science workflow using open tools” through a thick continent of proprietary services. (https://jrost.org/ / / /workshop.html)   for those of us considering ways to exit, when voice and loyalty are no longer sensible options, how do we continue to foster and incentivize more work in open scholarly infrastructure? for those coders whose economic needs are being met by a higher education institution, we might expand the academy’s native system of recognition (citations!) to the work of maintainers, as others have proposed before. but what about entrepreneurs outside of employment in higher ed, with tools or ideas that may prove very useful to the academic community, for whom monetary remuneration will be the prime incentive? i want to conclude this post with an idea toward solving this final question. a proposal based on work by nobel-winning economist joseph stiglitz, senator bernard sanders proposed the medical innovation prize fund act s and s [ ] in and . one of the major outcomes from these bills, had they passed, would have been the creation of a prize fund, amounting to . % of gdp ($ billion in ). this pool of money would have funded cash prizes and an open source dividend, paid out to developers of select healthcare treatments that chose to openly share access to the related knowledge, data, and technology, while denying themselves “the exclusive right to manufacture, distribute, sell, or use a drug, a biological product, or a medication manufacturing process.”[ ] (https://twitter.com/berniesanders/status/ )   what i am suggesting is that we find ways to do a version of this for scholarly infrastructure, to induce income-seeking developers of our favorite new research tools to release their code as open source, and to offer similar prizes on an annual basis to individuals (including the original developers) who release substantially updated versions, maintenance, and user support. whether such a plan could have offered an incentive more lucrative than elsevier’s offer to bepress is doubtful, but who knows? david lewis, et. al. ( ) proposed models in which every “academic library should commit to contribute . % of its total budget to support the common infrastructure needed to create the open scholarly commons.” since then, invest in open infrastructure (investinopen.org) has taken the lead in organizing such an effort. neylon offered the critique that . % is both too ambitious of a target and not ambitious enough. for me, in , considering the extreme financial difficulties that academic librarians have been driven to, exacerbated by this pandemic, i want to put a pin in the idea of asking more from them at all. instead, i wish to close out here with a different sort of proposal. a challenge, really. a challenge to the major commercial academic publishers—that we (the academy) fund—that claim to express a desire for a diverse marketplace and a thriving knowledge ecosystem. a challenge to the corporations that wish to rekindle good will. lacking the power to tax you, i instead challenge you to devote . % of your annual profit margin to fund open source, scholar-led infrastructures. in return for the free donation of your resources, you will receive the prestige and well-regard accorded to the association with the open-source projects such a fund could support. acknowledgement: thanks to kevin hawkins for excellent feedback and recommendations. any portions of this essay you disliked should be attributed to kevin. [ ] https://www.ted.com/talks/marcin_jakubowski/transcript?language=en#t- [ ] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/prizes_as_an_alternative_to_patents#the_medical_innovation_prize_fund_act_s _and_s [ ] https://www.congress.gov/bill/ th-congress/senate-bill/ / bibliography angell, n. ( , september ). organizations gather to workshop a joint roadmap for open science tools. joint roadmap for open science tools. https://jrost.org/ / / /workshop.html aspesi, c., & sparc. ( ). the academic publishing industry in . sparc: community owned infrastructure. https://infrastructure.sparcopen.org/landscape-analysis/the-academic-publishing-industry-in- hirschman, a. o. ( ). exit, voice, and loyalty: responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states. harvard university press. jakubowski, m. ( , march). transcript of “open-sourced blueprints for civilization.” ted. https://www.ted.com/talks/marcin_jakubowski_open_sourced_blueprints_for_civilization/transcript lewis, d. w., goetsch, l., graves, d., & roy, m. ( ). funding community controlled open infrastructure for scholarly communication: the . % commitment initiative. college & research libraries news, ( ), . https://doi.org/ . /crln. . . mckenzie, l. ( , august ). elsevier makes move into institutional repositories with acquisition of bepress. inside higher ed. https://www.insidehighered.com/news/ / / /elsevier-makes-move-institutional-repositories-acquisition-bepress neylon, c. ( , january ). against the . % commitment. science in the open. https://cameronneylon.net/blog/against-the- - -commitment/ pooley, j. ( , august ). scholarly communications shouldn’t just be open, but non-profit too. lse impact blog. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/ / / /scholarly-communications-shouldnt-just-be-open-but-non-profit-too/ posada, a., & chen, g. ( ). inequality in knowledge production: the integration of academic infrastructure by big publishers. in l. chan & p. mounier (eds.), elpub . https://doi.org/ . /proceedings.elpub. . sydell, l. ( , august ). diy tractor repair runs afoul of copyright law. all tech considered. https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/ / / / /diy-tractor-repair-runs-afoul-of-copyright-law team warren. ( , march ). leveling the playing field for america’s family farmers. medium. https://medium.com/@teamwarren/leveling-the-playing-field-for-americas-family-farmers- d f 	 	 	fellows journal 	lpc blog 	reflections 		 		 				 	 	 	 		 			 	 contact us 			 		 			 	 		 search	 	 	 generic filters hidden label exact matches only hidden label search in title hidden label search in content hidden label search in excerpt 		 			 				© educopia institute | peachtree street ne., suite | atlanta, georgia | ( ) - | code of conduct | privacy policy 			 			 		 				top 			 digital technologies projects – brown university library 	skip to content 	 		find & borrow 		articles, journals, & databases 		subject support 		hours & locations 		ask a question now 		off-campus access 		library a-z 	 	 	 		 		 		 	 	 		 			 										digital technologies projects 											brown university library 									menu and widgets 			 		 			 					 					home 	bdr 	blacklight 	digital preservation 	drupal 	josiah 	ocra 	orcid 	researchers@brown 	web 	wordpress 			 		 		 					 				search the dt blog 				 					search for: 					 				 				 			 					authors 				ben cail ( ) 	hector correa ( ) 	jean rainwater ( ) 	kerri hicks ( ) 	kevin powell ( ) 	ted lawless ( ) 	adam bradley ( ) 	birkin diana ( ) 									 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 			 	 	 		bundler . . and homeless accounts 	 	 		 this week we upgraded a couple of our applications to ruby . and bundler . . and one of the changes that we noticed was that bundler was complaining about not being able to write to the /opt/local directory. turns out this problem shows up because the account that we use to run our application is a system account that does not have a home folder. this is how the problems shows up: $ su - system_account $ pwd /opt/local $ mkdir test_app $ cd test_app $ pwd /opt/local/test_app $ gem install bundler -v . . $ bundler --version `/opt/local` is not writable. bundler will use `/tmp/bundler - - h lz ' as your home directory temporarily. bundler version . . notice that bundler complains about the /opt/local directory not being writable, that’s because we don’t have home for this user, in fact env $home outputs /opt/local rather than the typical /home/username. although bundler is smart enough to use a temporary folder instead and continue, the net result of this is that if we set a configuration value for bundler in one execution and try to use that configuration value in the next execution bundler won’t be able to find the value that we set in the first execution (my guess is because the value was saved in a temporary folder.) below is an example of this. notice how we set the path value to vendor/bundle in the first command, but then when we inspect the configuration in the second command the configuration does not report the value that we just set: # first - set the path value $ bundle config set path 'vendor/bundle' `/opt/local` is not writable. bundler will use `/tmp/bundler - - okmcg ' as your home directory temporarily. # then - inspect the configuration $ bundle config `/opt/local` is not writable. bundler will use `/tmp/bundler - - r oed ' as your home directory temporarily. settings are listed in order of priority. the top value will be used. ideally the call to bundle config will report the vendor/bundle path that we set, but it does not in this case. in fact if we run bundle install next bundler will install the gems in $gem_path rather than using the custom vendor/bundle directory that we indicated. working around the issue one way to work around this issue is to tell bundler that the home directory is the one from where we are running bundler (i.e. /opt/local/test_app) in our case. # first - set the path value  # (no warning is reported) $ home=/opt/local/test_app/ bundle config set path 'vendor/bundle' # then - inspect the configuration $ bundle config `/opt/local` is not writable. bundler will use `/tmp/bundler - - dmgcb ' as your home directory temporarily. settings are listed in order of priority. the top value will be used. path set for your local app (/opt/local/test_app/.bundle/config): "vendor/bundle" notice that we didn’t get a warning in the first command (since we indicated a home directory) and then, even though we didn’t pass a home directory to the second command, our value was picked up and shows the correct value for the path setting (vendor/bundle). so it seems to me that when home is set to a non-writable directory (/opt/local in our case) bundler picks up the values from ./bundle/config if it is available even as it complains about /opt/local not being writable. if we were to run bundle install now it will install the gems in our local vendor/bundle directory. this is good for us, bundler is using the value that we configured for the path setting (even though it still complains that it cannot write to /opt/local.) we could avoid the warning in the second command if we pass the home value here too: $ home=/opt/local/test-app/ bundle config settings are listed in order of priority. the top value will be used. path set for your local app (/opt/local/test-app/.bundle/config): "vendor/bundle" but the fact the bundler picks up the correct values from ./bundle/config when home is set to a non-writable directory was important for us because it meant that when the app runs under apache/passenger it will also work. this is more or less how the configuration for our apps in http.conf looks like, notice that we are not setting the home value. <location />   passengerbaseuri /test-app   passengeruser system_account   passengerruby /opt/local/rubies/ruby- . . /bin/ruby   passengerapproot /opt/local/test-app   setenv gem_path /opt/local/.gem/ruby/ . . / </location> some final thoughts perhaps a better solution would be to set a home directory for our system_account, but we have not tried that, we didn’t want to make such a wide reaching change to our environment just to please bundler. plus this might be problematic in our development servers where we share the same system_account for multiple applications (this is not a problem in our production servers) we have no idea when this change took effect in bundler. we went from bundler . . (released in october/ ) to bundler . . (released in january/ ) and there were many releases in between. perhaps this was documented somewhere and we missed it. in our particular situation we noticed this issue because one of our gems needed very specific parameters to be built during bundle install. we set those values via a call to bundle config build.mysql --with-mysql-dir=xxx mysql-lib=yyy and those values were lost by the time we ran bundle install and the installation kept failing. luckily we found a work around and were able to install the gem with the specific parameters. 	 	 	 		posted on july , july , author hector correacategories programming			 	 	 		upgrading from solr to solr 	 	 		 a few weeks ago we upgraded the version of solr that we use in our discovery layer, we went from solr . to solr . . although we have been using solr .x in other areas of the library this was a significant upgrade for us because searching is the raison d’être of our discovery layer and we wanted to make sure that the search results did not change in unexpected ways with the new field and server configurations in solr. all in all the process went smooth for our users. this blog post elaborates on some of the things that we had to do in order to upgrade. managed schema this is the first solr that we setup to use the managed-schema feature in solr. this allows us to define field types and fields via the schema api rather than by editing xml files. all in all this was a good decision and it allows us to recreate our solr instances by running a shell script rather than by copying xml files. this feature was very handy during testing when we needed to recreate our solr core for testing purposes multiple times. you can see the script that we use to recreate our solr core in github. we are still tweaking how we manage updates to our schema. for now we are using a low-tech approach in which we create small scripts to add fields to the schema that is conceptually similar to what rails does with database migrations, but our approach is still very manual. default field definitions the default field definitions in solr are different from the default field definitions in solr , this is not surprising given that we skipped two major versions of solr, but it was one one the hardest things to reconcile. our solr was setup and configured many years ago and the upgrade forced us to look very close into exactly what kind of transformations we were doing to our data and decide what should be modified in solr to support the solr behavior versus what should be updated to use new solr features. our first approach was to manually inspect the “schema.xml” in solr and compare it with the “managed-schema” file in solr which is also an xml file. we soon found that this was too cumbersome and error prone. but we found the output of the lukerequesthandler to be much more concise and easier to compare between the versions of solr, and lucky us, the output of the lukerequesthandler is identical in both versions of solr! using the lukerequesthandler we dumped our solr schema to xml files and compare those files with a traditional file compare tool, we used the built-in file compare option in vs code but any file compare tool would do. these are the commands that we used to dump the schema to xml files: curl http://solr- -url/admin/luke?numterms= > luke .xml curl http://solr- -url/admin/luke?numterms= > luke .xml the output of the lukerequesthandler includes both the type of field (e.g. string) and the schema definition (single value vs multi-value, indexed, tokenized, et cetera.)  <lst name="title_display"> <str name="type">string</str> <str name="schema">--sd------------l</str> </lst> another benefit of using the lukerequesthandler instead of going by the fields defined in schema.xml is that the lukerequesthandler only outputs fields that are indeed used in the solr core, whereas schema.xml lists fields that were used at one point even if we don’t use them anymore. icufoldingfilter in solr a few of the default field types used the icufoldingfilter which handles diacritics so that a word like “méxico” is equivalent to “mexico”. this filter used to be available by default in a solr installation but that is not the case anymore. in solr icufoldingfilter is not enabled by default and you must edit your solrconfig.xml as indicated in the documentation to enable it (see previous link). <lib dir="../../../contrib/analysis-extras/lib" regex="icu j.*\.jar" /> <lib dir="../../../contrib/analysis-extras/lucene-libs" regex="lucene-analyzers-icu.*\.jar" /> and then you can use it in a field type by adding it as a filter: curl -x post -h 'content-type:application/json' --data-binary '{ "add-field-type" : {     "name":"text_search",     "class":"solr.textfield",     "analyzer" : {        "tokenizer":{"class":"solr.standardtokenizerfactory"},        "filters":[          {"class":"solr.icufoldingfilterfactory"},          ...      ]    }  } }' $solr_core_url/schema handle select handleselect is a parameter that is defined in the solrconfig.xml and in previous versions of solr it used to default to true but starting in solr it defaults to false. the version of blacklight that we are using ( . ) expects this value to be true. this parameter is what allows blacklight to use a request handler like “search” (without a leading slash) instead of “/search”. enabling handleselect is easy, just edit the requestdispatcher setting in the solrconfig.xml <requestdispatcher handleselect="true"> localparams and dereferencing our current version of blacklight uses localparams and dereferencing heavily and support for these two features changed drastically in solr . . this is a good enhancement in solr but it caught us by surprise.  the gist of the problem is that if the solrconfig.xml sets the query parser to dismax or edismax then solr will not recognize a query like this:  {!qf=$title_qf} we tried several workarounds and settled on setting the default parser (deftype) in solrconfig.xml to lucene and requesting edismax explicitly from the client application: {!type=dismax qf=$title_qff}coffee&df=id it’s worth nothing that passing deftype as a normal query string parameter to change the parser did not work for us for queries using localparams and dereferencing.  stop words one of the settings that we changed in our new field definitions was the use of stop words. we are now not using stop words when indexing title fields. this was one of the benefits of us doing a full review of each one of our field types and tweak them during the upgrade. the result is that now searches for titles that are only stop words (like “there there”) return the expected results. validating results to validate that our new field definitions and server side configuration in solr were compatible with that we had in solr we did several kinds of tests, some of them manual and others automated. we have small suite of unit tests that jeanette norris and ted lawless created years ago and that we still use to validate some well known scenarios that we want to support. you can see those “relevancy” tests in our github repository. we also captured thousands of live searches from our discovery layer using solr and replayed them with solr to make sure that the results of both systems were compatible. to determine that results were compatible we counted how many of the top results, top , and top were included in the results of both solr instances. the following picture shows an example of how the results looks like. the code that we used to run the searches on both solr and generate the table is on our github repo. cjk searches the main reason for us to upgrade from solr to solr was to add support for chinese, japanese, and korean (cjk) searches. the way our solr index was created we did not support searches in these languages. in our solr core we are using the built-in cjk fields definitions and our results are much better. this will be the subject of future blog post. stay tuned. 	 	 	 		posted on january , august , author hector correacategories solrtags blacklight, josiah, solr			 	 	 		pypi packages 	 	 		recently, we published two python packages to pypi: bdrxml and bdrcmodels. no one else is using those packages, as far as i know, and it takes some effort to put them up there, but there are benefits from publishing them. putting a package on pypi makes it easier for other code we package up to depend on bdrxml. for our indexing package, we can switch from this: ‘bdrxml @ https://github.com/brown-university-library/bdrxml/archive/v . a .zip#sha = ed ee a cbb fe c f ad c’, to this: ‘bdrxml>= . ’, in setup.py, which is simpler. this also lets us using python’s package version checking to not pin bdrxml to just one version, which is helpful when we embed the indexing package in another project that may use a different version of bdrxml. publishing these first two packages also gave us experience, which will help if we publish more packages to pypi. 	 	 	 		posted on june , author ben cailcategories uncategorized			 	 	 		new riamco website 	 	 		a few days ago we released a new version of the rhode island archival and manuscript collections online (riamco) website. the new version is a brand new codebase. this post describes a few of the new features that we implemented as part of the rewrite and how we designed the system to support them. the riamco website hosts information about archival and manuscript collections in rhode island. these collections (also known as finding aids) are stored as xml files using the encoded archival description (ead) standard and indexed into solr to allow for full text searching and filtering. look and feel the overall look and feel of the riamco site is heavily influenced by the work that the folks at the nyu libraries did on their site. like nyu’s site and brown’s discovery tool the riamco site uses the typical facets on the left, content on the right style that is common in many library and archive websites. below a screenshot on how the main search page looks like: architecture our previous site was put together over many years and it involved many separate applications written in different languages: the frontend was written in php, the indexer in java, and the admin tool in (python/django). during this rewrite we bundled the code for the frontend and the indexer into a single application written in ruby on rails. [as of september th, the rails application also provides the admin interface.] you can view a diagram of this architecture and few more notes about it on this document. indexing like the previous version of the site, we are using solr to power the search feature of the site. however, in the previous version each collection was indexed as a single solr document whereas in the new version we are splitting each collection into many solr documents: one document to store the main collection information (scope, biographical info, call number, et cetera), plus one document for each item in the inventory of the collection. this new indexing strategy significantly increased the number of solr documents that we store. we went from from + solr documents (one for each collection) to , + solr documents (one for each item in the inventory of those collections). the advantage of this approach is that now we can search and find items at a much granular level than we did before. for example, we can tell a user that we found a match on “box he- folder ” of the harris ephemera collection for their search on blue moon rather than just telling them that there is a match somewhere in the boxes ( , folders) in the “harris ephemera” collection. in order to keep the relationship between all the solr documents for a given collection we are using an extra ead_id_s field to store the id of the collection that each document belongs to. if we have a collection “a” with three items in the inventory they will have the following information in solr: {id: "a", ead_id_s: "a"} // the main collection record {id: "a- ", ead_id_s: "a"} // item in the inventory {id: "a- ", ead_id_s: "a"} // item in the inventory {id: "a- ", ead_id_s: "a"} // item in the inventory this structure allows us to use the result grouping feature in solr to group results from a search into the appropriate collection. with this structure in place we can then show the results grouped by collection as you can see in the previous screenshot. the code to index our ead files into solr is on the ead class. we had do add some extra logic to handle cases when a match is found only on a solr document for an inventory item (but not on the main collection) so that we can also display the main collection information along the inventory information in the search results. the code for this is on the search_grouped() function of the search class. hit highlighting another feature that we implemented on the new site is hit highlighting. although this is a feature that solr supports out of the box there is some extra coding that we had to do to structure the information in a way that makes sense to our users. in particular things get tricky when the hit was found in a multi value field or when solr only returns a snippet of the original value in the highlights results. the logic that we wrote to handle this is on the searchitem class. advanced search we also did an overhaul to the advanced search feature. the layout of the page is very typical (it follows the style used in most blacklight applications) but the code behind it allows us to implement several new features. for example, we allow the user to select any value from the facets (not only one of the first values for that facet) and to select more than one value from those facets. we also added a “check” button to show the user what kind of boolean expression would be generated for the query that they have entered. below is a screenshot of the results of the check syntax for a sample query. there are several tweaks and optimizations that we would like to do on this page, for example, opening the facet by format is quite slow and it could be optimized. also, the code to parse the expression could be written to use a more standard tokenizer/parser structure. we’ll get to that later on… hopefully : ) individual finding aids like on the previous version of the site, the rendering of individual finding aids is done by applying xslt transformations to the xml with the finding aid data. we made a few tweaks to the xslt to integrate them on the new site but the vast majority of the transformations came as-is from the previous site. you can see the xslt files in our github repo. it’s interesting that github reports that half of the code for the new site is xslt: % xslt, % html, and % ruby. keep in mind that these numbers do not take into account the ruby on rails code (which is massive.) source code the source code for the new application is available in github. acknowledgements although i wrote the code for the new site, there were plenty of people that helped me along the way in this implementation, in particular karen eberhart and joe mancino. karen provided the specs for the new site, answered my many questions about the structure of ead files, and suggested many improvements and tweaks to make the site better. joe helped me find the code for the original site and indexer, and setup the environment for the new one. 	 	 	 		posted on june , august , author hector correacategories programming, riamco, solrtags solr			 	 	 		deploying with shiv 	 	 		i recently watched a talk called “containerless django – deploying without docker”, by peter baumgartner. peter lists some benefits of docker: that it gives you a pipeline for getting code tested and deployed, the container adds some security to the app, state can be isolated in the container, and it lets you run the exact same code in development and production. peter also lists some drawbacks to docker: it’s a lot of code that could slow things down or have bugs, docker artifacts can be relatively large, and it adds extra abstractions to the system (eg. filesystem, network). he argues that an ideal deployment would include downloading a binary, creating a configuration file, and running it (like one can do with compiled c or go programs). peter describes a process of deploying django apps by creating a zipapp using shiv and goodconf, and deploying it with systemd constraints that add to the security. he argues that this process achieves most of the benefits of  docker, but more simply, and that there’s a sweet spot for application size where this type of deploy is a good solution. i decided to try using shiv with our image server loris. i ran the shiv command “shiv -o loris.pyz .”, and i got the following error: user “loris” and or group “loris” do(es) not exist. please create this user, e.g.: `useradd -d /var/www/loris -s /sbin/false loris` the issue is that in the loris setup.py file, the install process not only checks for the loris user as shown in the error, but it also sets up directories on the filesystem (including setting the owner and permission, which requires root permissions). i submitted a pr to remove the filesystem setup from the python package installation (and put it in a script the user can run), and hopefully in the future it will be easier to package up loris and deploy it different ways. 	 	 	 		posted on may , author ben cailcategories bdr, programming			 	 	 		checksums 	 	 		in the bdr, we calculate checksums automatically on ingest (fedora provides that functionality for us), so all new content binaries going into the bdr get a checksum, which we can go back and check later as needed. we can also pass checksums into the bdr api, and then we verify that fedora calculates the same checksum for the ingested file, which shows that the content wasn’t modified since the first checksum was calculated. we have only been able to use md checksums, but we want to be able to use more checksum types. this isn’t a problem for fedora, which can calculate multiple checksum types, such as md , sha , sha , and sha . however, there is a complicating factor – if fedora gets a checksum mismatch, by default it returns a response code with no message, so we can’t tell whether it was a checksum mismatch or some other server error. thanks to ben armintor, though, we found that we can update our fedora configuration so it returns the checksum mismatch information. another issue in this process is that we use eulfedora (which doesn’t seem to be maintained anymore). if a checksum mismatch happens, it raises a digitalobjectsavefailure, but we want to know that there was a checksum mismatch. we forked eulfedora and exposed the checksum mismatch information. now we can remove some extra code that we had in our apis, since more functionality is handled in fedora/eulfedora, and we can use multiple checksum types. 	 	 	 		posted on march , author ben cailcategories bdr			 	 	 		exporting django data 	 	 		we recently had a couple cases where we wanted to dump the data out of a django database. in the first case (“tracker”), we were shutting down a legacy application, but needed to preserve the data in a different form for users. in the second case (“deposits”), we were backing up some obsolete data before removing it from the database. we handled the processes in two different ways. tracker for the tracker, we used an export script to extract the data. here’s a modified version of the script: def export_data(): now = datetime.datetime.now() dir_name = 'data_%s_%s_%s' % (now.year, now.month, now.day) d = os.mkdir(dir_name) file_name = os.path.join(dir_name, 'tracker_items.dat') with open(file_name, 'wb') as f: f.write(u'\u f'.join([ 'project name', 'container identifier', 'container name', 'identifier', 'name', 'dimensions', 'note', 'create digital surrogate', 'qc digital surrogate', 'create metadata record', 'qc metadata record', 'create submission package']).encode('utf ')) f.write('\u e'.encode('utf ')) for project in models.project.objects.all(): for container in project.container_set.all(): print(container) for item in container.item_set.all(): data = u'\u f'.join([ project.name.strip(), container.identifier.strip(), container.name.strip(), item.identifier.strip(), item.name.strip(), item.dimensions.strip(), item.note.strip() ]) item_actions = u'\u f'.join([str(item_action) for item_action in item.itemaction_set.all().order_by('id')]) line_data = u'%s\u f%s\u e' % (data, item_actions) f.write(line_data.encode('utf ')) as you can see, we looped through different django models and pulled out fields, writing everything to a file. we used the unicode record and unit separators as delimiters. one advantage of using those is that your data can have commas, tabs, newlines, … and it won’t matter. you still don’t have to quote or escape anything. then we converted the data to a spreadsheet that users can view and search: import openpyxl workbook = openpyxl.workbook() worksheet = workbook.active with open('tracker_items.dat', 'rb') as f: data = f.read() lines = data.decode('utf ').split('\u e') print(len(lines)) print(lines[ ]) print(lines[- ]) for line in lines: fields = line.split('\u f') worksheet.append(fields) workbook.save('tracker_items.xlsx') deposits for the deposits project, we just used the built-in django dumpdata command: python manage.py dumpdata -o data_ .dat that output file could be used to load data back into a database if needed. 	 	 	 		posted on march , author ben cailcategories uncategorized			 	 	 		searching for hierarchical data in solr 	 	 		recently i had to index a dataset into solr in which the original items had a hierarchical relationship among them. in processing this data i took some time to look into the ancestor_path and descendent_path features that solr provides out of the box and see if and how they could help to issue searches based on the hierarchy of the data. this post elaborates on what i learned in the process. let’s start with some sample hierarchical data to illustrate the kind of relationship that i am describing in this post. below is a short list of databases and programming languages organized by type. databases ├─ relational │ ├─ mysql │ └─ postgresql └─ document ├─ solr └─ mongodb programming languages └─ object oriented ├─ ruby └─ python for the purposes of this post i am going to index each individual item shown in the hierarchy, not just the children items. in other words i am going to create solr documents: one for “databases”, another for “relational”, another for “mysql”, and so on. each document is saved with an id, a title, and a path. for example, the document for “databases” is saved as: { "id": " ", "title_s": "databases", "x_ancestor_path": "db", "x_descendent_path": "db" } and the one for “mysql” is saved as: { "id": " ", "title_s": "mysql", "x_ancestor_path": "db/rel/mysql", "x_descendent_path": "db/rel/mysql" } the x_ancestor_path and x_descendent_path fields in the json data represent the path for each of these documents in the hierarcy. for example, the top level “databases” document uses the path “db” where the lowest level document “mysql” uses “db/rel/mysql”. i am storing the exact same value on both fields so that later on we can see how each of them provides different features and addresses different use cases. ancestor_path and descendent_path the ancestor_path and descendent_path field types come predefined in solr. below is the definition of the descendent_path in a standard solr core: $ curl http://localhost: /solr/your-core/schema/fieldtypes/descendent_path { ... "indexanalyzer":{ "tokenizer":{ "class":"solr.pathhierarchytokenizerfactory", "delimiter":"/"}}, "queryanalyzer":{ "tokenizer":{ "class":"solr.keywordtokenizerfactory"}}}} notice how it uses the pathhierarchytokenizerfactory tokenizer when indexing values of this type and that it sets the delimiter property to /. this means that when values are indexed they will be split into individual tokens by this delimiter. for example the value “db/rel/mysql” will be split into “db”, “db/rel”, and “db/rel/mysql”. you can validate this in the analysis screen in the solr admin tool. the ancestor_path field is the exact opposite, it uses the pathhierarchytokenizerfactory at query time and the keywordtokenizerfactory at index time. there are also two dynamic field definitions *_descendent_path and *_ancestor_path that automatically create fields with these types. hence the wonky x_descendent_path and x_ancestor_path field names that i am using in this demo. finding descendants the descendent_path field definition in solr can be used to find all the descendant documents in the hierarchy for a given path. for example, if i query for all documents where the descendant path is “db” (q=x_descendent_path:db) i should get all document in the “databases” hierarchy, but not the ones under “programming languages”. for example: $ curl "http://localhost: /solr/your-core/select?q=x_descendent_path:db&fl=id,title_s,x_descendent_path" { ... "response":{"numfound": ,"start": ,"docs":[ { "id":" ", "title_s":"databases", "x_descendent_path":"db"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"relational", "x_descendent_path":"db/rel"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"mysql", "x_descendent_path":"db/rel/mysql"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"postgresql", "x_descendent_path":"db/rel/pg"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"document", "x_descendent_path":"db/doc"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"mongodb", "x_descendent_path":"db/doc/mongo"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"solr", "x_descendent_path":"db/doc/solr"}] }} finding ancestors the ancestor_path not surprisingly can be used to achieve the reverse. given the path of a given document we can query solr to find all its ancestors in the hierarchy. for example if i query solr for the documents where x_ancestor_path is “db/doc/solr” (q=x_ancestor_path:db/doc/solr) i should get “databases”, “document”, and “solr” as shown below: $ curl "http://localhost: /solr/your-core/select?q=x_ancestor_path:db/doc/solr&fl=id,title_s,x_ancestor_path" { ... "response":{"numfound": ,"start": ,"docs":[ { "id":" ", "title_s":"databases", "x_ancestor_path":"db"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"document", "x_ancestor_path":"db/doc"}, { "id":" ", "title_s":"solr", "x_ancestor_path":"db/doc/solr"}] }} if you are curious how this works internally, you could issue a query with debugquery=true and look at how the query value “db/doc/solr” was parsed. notice how solr splits the query value by the / delimiter and uses something called synonymquery() to handle the individual values as synonyms: $ curl "http://localhost: /solr/your-core/select?q=x_ancestor_path:db/doc/solr&debugquery=true" { ... "debug":{ "rawquerystring":"x_ancestor_path:db/doc/solr", "parsedquery":"synonymquery(synonym(x_ancestor_path:db x_ancestor_path:db/doc x_ancestor_path:db/doc/solr))", ... } one little gotcha given that solr is splitting the path values by the / delimiter and that we can see those values in the analysis screen (or when passing debugquery=true) we might expect to be able to fetch those values from the document somehow. but that is not the case. the individual tokens are not stored in a way that you can fetch them, i.e. there is no way for us to fetch the individual “db”, “db/doc”, and “db/doc/solr” values when fetching document id “ ”. in hindsight this is standard solr behavior but something that threw me off initially. 	 	 	 		posted on january , january , author hector correacategories programming, solr			 	 	 		monitoring passenger’s requests in queue over time 	 	 		as i mentioned in a previous post we use phusion passenger as the application server to host our ruby applications. a while ago upon the recommendation of my coworker ben cail i created a cron job that calls passenger-status every minutes to log the status of passenger in our servers.  below is a sample of the passenger-status output: version : . . date : mon jul : : - instance: x dq ux (apache/ . . (unix) dav/ phusion_passenger/ . . ) ----------- general information ----------- max pool size : app groups : processes : requests in top-level queue : ----------- application groups ----------- /path/to/our/app: app root: /path/to/our/app requests in queue: * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: d h m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ag * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: h m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ago * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: h m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ago * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: h m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ago * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ago * pid: sessions: processed: uptime: m s cpu: % memory : m last used: s ago our cron job to log this information over time is something like this: /path/to/.gem/gems/passenger- . . /bin/passenger-status >> ./logs/passenger_status.log last week we had some issues in which our production server was experiencing short outages. upon review we noticed that we were having a unusual amount of traffic coming to our server (most of it from crawlers submitting bad requests.) one of the tools that we used to validate the status of our server was the passenger_status.log file created via the aforementioned cron job. the key piece of information that we use is the “requests in queue” value highlighted above. we parsed this value of out the passenger_status.log file to see how it changed in the last days. the result showed that although we have had a couple of outages recently the number of “requests in queue” dramatically increased about two weeks ago and it had stayed high ever since. the graph below shows what we found. notice how after august th the value of “requests in queue” has been constantly high, whereas before august th it was almost always zero or below . we looked closely to our apache and rails logs and determined the traffic that was causing the problem. we took a few steps to handle it and now our servers are behaving as normal again. notice how we are back to zero requests in queue on august st in the graph above. the ruby code that we use to parse our passenger_status.log file is pretty simple, it just grabs the line with the date and the line with the number of requests in queue, parses their values, and outputs the result to a tab delimited file that then we can use to create a graph in excel or rawgraphs. below is the ruby code: require "date" log_file = "passenger_status.log" excel_date = true def date_from_line(line, excel_date) index = line.index(":") return nil if index == nil date_as_text = line[index+ ..- ].strip # thu aug : : - datetime = datetime.parse(date_as_text).to_s # - - t : : - : if excel_date return datetime[ .. ] + " " + datetime[ .. ] # - - : end datetime end def count_from_line(line) return line.gsub("requests in queue:", "").to_i end puts "timestamp\trequest_in_queue" date = "n/a" file.readlines(log_file).each do |line| if line.start_with?("date ") date = date_from_line(line, excel_date) elsif line.include?("requests in queue:") request_count = count_from_line(line) puts "\"#{date}\"\t#{request_count}" end end in this particular case the number of requests in queue was caused by bad/unwanted traffic. if the increase in traffic had been legitimate we would have taken a different route, like adding more processes to our passenger instance to handle the traffic. 	 	 	 		posted on september , august , author hector correacategories blacklight, josiah, programming, web			 	 	 		looking at the oxford common filesystem layout (ocfl) 	 	 		 currently, the bdr contains about tb of content. the storage layer is fedora , and the data is stored internally by fedora (instead of being stored externally). however, fedora is end-of-life. this means that we either maintain it ourselves, or migrate to something else. however, we don’t want to migrate tb, and then have to migrate it again if we change software again. we’d like to be able to change our software, without migrating all our data. this is where the oxford common filesystem layout (ocfl) work is interesting. ocfl is an effort to define how repository objects should be laid out on the filesystem. ocfl is still very much a work-in-progress, but the “need” section of the specification speaks directly to what i described above. if we set up our data using ocfl, hopefully we can upgrade and change our software as necessary without having to move all the data around. another benefit of the ocfl effort is that it’s work being done by people from multiple institutions, building on other work and experience in this area, to define a good, well-thought-out layout for repository objects. finally, using a common specification for the filesystem layout of our repository means that there’s a better chance that other software will understand how to interact with our files on disk. the more people using the same filesystem layout, the more potential collaborators and applications for implementing the ocfl specification – safely creating, updating, and serving out content for the repository. 	 	 	 		posted on july , march , author ben cailcategories bdr			 	 		posts navigation 		page page … page next page 	 		 	 	 	 		 									 				proudly powered by wordpress			 		 	 posts on mark a. matienzo posts on mark a. matienzo recent content in posts on mark a. matienzo 	perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i&rsquo;ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare. 	in memoriam and appreciation of rob casson ( - ) the world lost one of its brightest and most charming lights earlier this week, rob casson. many of us knew rob through the code lib community and conferences and his work at miami university libraries. we miss his generosity, patience, sense of humor, and genuine kindness. those of us who got the chance to socialize with him also remember his passion for music, and some of us were even lucky to see live shows in the evenings between conference sessions and other social activities. on sunday, october at : pm pacific/ : pm eastern, those of us who knew him through code lib and the world of libraries are encouraged to gather to share our memories of him and to appreciate his life and work. please join me and my co-organizers, mike giarlo and declan fleming on zoom (registration required). robert casson (robcasson), jan - sep . photo: declan fleming. 	first sota activation about a month ago, i got my ham radio license, and soon after i got pretty curious about summits on the air (sota), an award scheme focused on safe and low impact portable operation from mountaintops. while i like to hike, i&rsquo;m arguably a pretty casual hiker, and living in california provides a surprising number of options within minutes driving time for sota newbies. 	optimizing friction over and in response to the last few months, i&rsquo;ve been reflecting about intentionality, and how i spend my time creating things. i have tried to improve the indiewebbiness of my site, and understanding what it means to &ldquo;scratch my own itch&rdquo;. this resonates particularly lately because it&rsquo;s leading me to mull over which parts should be hard and easy. unsurprisingly, much of that is personal preference, and figuring out how i want to optimize from the perspective of user experience. friction in ux can be a powerful tool, part of what i&rsquo;m trying to find is where i want to retain friction as it helps me remain intentional. 	a hugo shortcode for embedding mirador i spent a little time over the last day or so trying to bodge together a shortcode for hugo to embed an instance of mirador. while it&rsquo;s not quite as simple (or full-featured) as i&rsquo;d like, it&rsquo;s nonetheless a starting point. the shortcode generates a snippet of html that gets loaded into hugo pages, but (unfortunately) most of the heavy lifting is done by a separate static page that gets included as an &lt;iframe/&gt; within the page. that page parses url parameters to pass some of the parameters when mirador gets instantiated. getting a consistent way to load multiple iiif manifests, either into comparison view or for populating a resource list also needs some work, which also led me to grapple with thinking through the iiif content state api spec, which will require some more attention, too. 	besieged i have spent the last four and a half months feeling like everything is slipping from my grasp – personally, professionally, and in between. the torpor of life under a pandemic and a world wracked with pain has led me to feel like i am stuck in slowly-drying glue. planning too far ahead seems nearly pointless. and yet, every day, we are asked to undertake haruspicy, to speculate about how our organizations and ourselves should respond to the remaining uncertainty, ideally with precision. the world keeps turning and we are asked to keep up, while taking care of family members, grieving our losses, or dealing with other challenges amplified by the present circumstances. at the same time, i feel myself slowing down, or at least to continue trying to slow down. i have not read anything more substantial than an article since february, despite getting a stack of books out of the library in preparation for more time at home. the cognitive load of mailing packages can sometimes be too much. 	comments on revisions to saa statement on diversity and inclusion the saa council has issued a call for comments on the saa statement on diversity and inclusion. as noted in the announcement, the revision includes changes to expand the statement to cover equity as well. comments are open on the revisions until march , , and what follows are the comments that i&rsquo;ve submitted. 	books read, january-february i&rsquo;m trying to do a better job tracking what i&rsquo;ve been reading. here&rsquo;s a start. 	solidarity, logistics, and infrastructure on prime day july and th are &ldquo;prime day,&rdquo; amazon&rsquo;s attempt to drive up sales and artificial demand around things we don&rsquo;t need at prices they&rsquo;ve convinced us that we can afford. thanks to mar hicks, many of us heard that workers at a shakopee, minnesota fulfillment center are holding a six-hour work stoppage on one of the busiest days of the year. alongside, many have called for a boycott on amazon and its subsidiaries (whole foods, goodreads, twitch, etc.), and others have called for a general strike to protest amazon&rsquo;s collaboration with palantir in aiding ice. with all of this in mind, i&rsquo;ve been reflecting on what larger scale industrial actions could look like when we look at amazon&rsquo;s simultaneous leveraging of centralization and unreliability of single resources to provide critical infrastructure for the it sector and its own operations. 	 : a year in gratitude this year was largely complicated and often felt like a massive garbage fire to myself and my crew. i didn&rsquo;t accomplish a number of my goals and was inconsistent about others, so recapping awesome things i did doesn&rsquo;t feel appropriate and also happens to be a soft reminder of either failure or things not going as planned. i also tend to hate &ldquo;best of the year&rdquo; lists but i find them helpful to remember about where i found joy or the ability to connect to something outside of myself. i suppose this is an attempt to reconcile those things, or perhaps more in line with the end of year spirit, a way to articulate gratitude to the people and things around me that impacted me. 	when basil has gone to seed: contemplative pesto we are growing three kinds of basil in our garden: &ldquo;regular&rdquo; basil, purple basil, and magic mountain basil. the regular basil and magic mountain basil have been thriving quite a bit; the purple basil, less so, as it is growing at the base of the regular basil plant. but the other two, my goodness. the regular old basil was going to seed, though, much to the chagrin of my partner. i&rsquo;d promised for weeks on end to do something with all that basil, as the stems grew woodier, and as the flowers turned from brilliant white to the brown of kraft paper. meanwhile, the magic mountain basil also grew tall and bushy, went to flower, but only because that&rsquo;s what it&rsquo;s supposed to do. 	evidence of them: digitization, preservation, and labor this is a lightly edited version of the presentation i gave as part of as a part of session : digitization is/not preservation at the society of american archivists annual meeting. the session was overall pure fire, with thoughtful, funny, provocative, and challenging presentations by julia kim, frances harrell, tre berney, andrew robb, snowden becker, fletcher durant, siobhan hagan, and sarah werner. my heart goes out to all of them. all of the images used in the presentation were adapted from the art of google books. 	what one says and does not say: vulnerability, leadership, and professional trajectories an extended reflection on professional trajectories, leadership, vulnerability, community, and finding my voice, written as part of my participation in the it leadership program. 	beyond hearing (one another): radical empathy in archives-as-workplace i am writing this amidst being crammed into a seat flying back from new york city, after a few days of intensive meetings. between a number of good and less ideal things, my mind has felt really unsettled lately, and i&rsquo;m working through some professional malaise, and feeling a bit rudderless. in an attempt to give myself something be myself optimistic about and to set some direction, i reread michelle caswell and marika cifor&rsquo;s archivaria article &ldquo;from human rights to feminist ethics: radical empathy in archives&rdquo;. part of their analysis outlines four affective shifts in archival relationships based on radical empathy - those between ) archivist and records creator, ) archivist and records subject, ) archivist and user, and ) archivist and larger community. given a long list of topics on my mind (precarity, developing inclusive workplaces and cultures, my own uncertain pathway), it felt like there was plenty of space to identify other shifts. 	sending websub notifications from static sites using netlify functions as part of my iterative intentions for , i started a project to rebuild and simplify my website. i&rsquo;ve used jekyll for quite some time (either by itself or with octopress), and as part of the latest iteration of the site, i&rsquo;ve been working to align the site more with indieweb principles, and to smooth the deployment path for my site by hosting it on netlify. one challenge with jekyll and other static site generators is that &ldquo;dynamic-ish&rdquo; functionality, including sending notifications through protocols like websub. the trouble is knowing where these actions fit into the build process for your site: you don&rsquo;t want to send the notifications before your site gets built, or pushed to the cdn hosting your site. recently, netlify announced a private beta for its new netlify functions service, which provides lambda-style functions deployed as part of your site deployment. one of the neat features that exists as of the beta is the ability to trigger the functions via netlify events, like when your site successfully deploys. 	notes on itlp workshop readings i completed my reading and viewing assignments for my cohort&rsquo;s it leadership program workshop (january -january at uc berkeley.) this is a brief set of notes for my own use about how all of them tie together. 	iterative intentions for while i enjoy seeing what my friends are setting their intentions towards in the new year, i don&rsquo;t really believe in new year&rsquo;s resolutions for myself. they tend to wear on me heavily whenever i&rsquo;ve proclaimed a long list of things i&rsquo;m hoping to get better at. instead, this year, i&rsquo;m starting with a very short list. my hope is that i can commit to a small number of good habits at a time, which i can then build on iteratively. i want to have the windows of reinforcement stay small at first (maybe a week or two), and once i feel satisfied about whichever habits i&rsquo;ve committed to, i can add more. i&rsquo;m starting with three items: rebuilding this website: simplified tooling; new layout/style; using and publishing more structured data, and a partial implementation of a stack following indieweb and solid principles. the last part is intentionally slippery, but i mostly really care about sending and receiving notifications at this point. 	a push-to-talk conference call foot pedal my current position at dpla, especially since we are remote-first organization, requires me to be on lots of conference calls, both video and audio. while i&rsquo;ve learned the value of staying muted while i&rsquo;m not talking, there are a couple of things that make this challenging. first, i usually need the window for the call to have focus to unmute myself by the platform&rsquo;s designated keystroke. forget that working well if you need to bring something up in another window, or switch to another application. secondly, while we have our own preferred platform internally (google hangouts), i have to use countless others, too; each of those platforms has its own separate keystroke to mute. this all leads to a less than ideal situation, and naturally, i figured there must be a better way. 	how we work: the dpla technology team core values one of the most important aspects of the work of the dpla technology team is ensuring that we maintain a common frame of reference for all of our efforts. this is situated in multiple aspects - in terms of our shared technical knowledge, the overall dpla strategic plan, and more. overall, however, the guiding principles for our work are best understood through the core values that inform how we work together within our team, as well as with our colleagues at dpla and across the network of our stakeholders and collaborators. these values are not only designed to be aspirational; instead, they also inform practical aspects of our day to day work, allowing us to work together effectively through their articulation of cultural norms and expectations. in addition, our values encourage us to be intentional about our work, even when faced with challenges from deadlines, staff capacity, and other external pressures. 	open, free, and secure to all: dpla launches full support for https dpla is pleased to announce that the entirety of our website, including our portal, exhibitions, primary source sets, and our api, are now accessible using https by default. dpla takes user privacy seriously, and the infrastructural changes that we have made to support https allows us to extend this dedication further and become signatories of the library digital privacy pledge of - , developed by our colleagues at the library freedom project. 	dpla and the international image interoperability framework dpla, along with representatives of a number of institutions including stanford university, the yale center for british art, the bibliothèque nationale de france, and more, is presenting at access to the world’s images, a series of events related to the international image interoperability framework (iiif) in new york city, hosted by the museum of modern art and the new york academy of medicine. the events will showcase how institutions are leveraging iiif to reduce total cost and time to deploy image delivery solutions, while simultaneously improving end user experience with a new host of rich and dynamic features, and promote collaboration within the iiif community through facilitated conversations and working group meetings. 	ever to excel: towards an apologetics of the spreadsheet this is the written version of my presentation from code lib in philadelphia, on march , . my presentation was part of a panel with my friends christina harlow, ted lawless, and matt zumwalt, after which we had some discussion moderated by matt miller. my slides are available, as are the video of all talks from the panel. 	my jekyll todo list a running list of things i want to do or have done. a lot of this relates to adopting the indieweb ethos 	indiewebcamp nyc i&rsquo;m at indiewebcamp nyc and i just added some microformats data to my site. hurrah! edit: and i&rsquo;ve successfully sent a webmention by hand from the command line. time to add that to the jekyll build process&hellip; 	developing and implementing a technical framework for interoperable rights statements within the technical working group of the interoperability-working-on-rights/">international rights statements working group, we have been focusing our efforts on identifying a set of requirements and a technically sound and sustainable plan to implement the rights statements under development. now that two of the working group’s white papers have been released, we realized it was a good time to build on the introductory blog post by our co-chairs, emily gore and paul keller. accordingly, we hope this post provides a good introduction to our technical white paper, recommendations for the technical infrastructure for standardized international rights statements, and more generally, how our thinking has changed throughout the activities of the working group. 	dplafest attendees: support lgbtq youth in indiana! this is a joint blog post by dplafest attendees benjamin armintor and christina harlow, and dpla staff members mark matienzo and tom johnson. after the passage of sea (the indiana religious freedom restoration act), many scheduled attendees of dplafest were conflicted about its location in indianapolis. emily gore, dpla director for content, captured both this conflict and the opportunity the location provides when she wrote: we should want to support our hosts and the businesses in indianapolis who are standing up against this law… at dplafest, we will also have visible ways to show that we are against this kind of discrimination, including enshrining our values in our code of conduct. we encourage you to use this as an opportunity to let your voice and your dollars speak. as dplafest attendees, patronizing businesses identifying themselves with open for service is an important start, but some of us wanted to do more. during our visit to indianapolis, we are donating money to local charities supporting the communities and values that sea threatens. 	profit & pleasure in goat keeping two weeks ago, we officially announced the initial release of krikri, our new metadata aggregation, mapping, and enrichment toolkit. in light of its importance, we would like to take a moment for a more informal introduction to the newest members of dpla’s herd. krikri and heiðrún (a.k.a. heidrun; pronounced like hey-droon) are key to many of dpla’s plans and serve as a critical piece of infrastructure for dpla. they are also names for, or types, of goats. 	what dpla and dlf can learn from code lib this post has been crossposted to the digital library federation blog. code lib was held last week from february - , in portland, oregon. the code lib conferences have grown in the last ten years, both in terms of size and scope of topics. this growth is particularly impressive when you consider that much of the work of organizing the conference falls upon a circulating group of volunteers, with additional organizational support from organizations like the digital library federation. it has become clear to me that the code lib community is interested in ensuring that it can develop and support compelling and useful conferences for everyone who chooses to participate. 	a helping hand: free software and the dpla as you probably know, dpla is committed to making cultural heritage materials held in america's libraries, archives, and museums freely available to all, and we provide maximally open data to encourage transformative uses of those materials by developers. in addition, dpla is also proud to distribute the software we produce to support our mission to the wider community. 	the greatest adventure with apologies to rankin/bass and glenn yarbrough, the greatest adventure is what lies ahead. after almost four great years working for manuscripts and archives at the yale university library and two and a half rewarding years as the technical architect on archivesspace, i am excited to announce that i&# ;ve accepted a position as the director of technology for the digital public library of america, a small but well-supported non-profit dedicated to free and open access to cultural heritage materials. more information about my new position can be found in the press release. while i am sad to be leaving a great institution and a great project, both with fantastic colleagues, i look forward to contributing my time, energy and expertise to the addressing the huge challenges and encouraging the exciting possibilities of dpla. if you&# ;d like to join me in this adventure, i&# ;m also happy to announce that dpla will be hiring two technology specialists very soon, so if you&# ;re interested or have any questions, please don&# ;t hesitate to contact me! 	computer anonymous new york in my previous post, i wrote about wanting to address issues of privilege in the space between archives and technology. as a first step, i mentioned organizing a new york group of computer anonymous. i&rsquo;m pleased to announce that we&rsquo;ve scheduled our first meeting: tuesday, october , , : pm - ?, at pacific standard, fourth avenue, brooklyn, ny we have about seven people who have indicated that they&rsquo;re planning on attending. if you&rsquo;re interested, please comment here, contact me via twitter or email, or leave a comment on this github issue. i believe that a computer anonymous group in new york is a great chance to start having both tough and positive conversations. i realize that it won&rsquo;t solve everything, and that our initial location may not be ideal, but i&rsquo;m certainly amenable to other ideas and doing better outreach. i want to see both the technology and archives professions become more diverse, more equitable, and healther communities that in which i can encourage others to join. 	cha(lle)nging the dynamics of privilege in archives and technology like others, i found the presidential address of jackie dooley last august&rsquo;s society of american archivists annual meeting to be problematic. at the time, i had little more to add than what was articulated by others, such as sam winn&rsquo;s post on professional privilege. as the dust settles, though i&rsquo;ve gotten a lot more clarity. the society of american archivists is not really an easy place to examine our privilege or our struggle. there are many ways in which we desperately need to examine privilege within the context of our profession as well as the overall organization, but for now, i&rsquo;m going to limit this post to addressing an issue that has been racing through my head since the saa annual meeting, which concern privilege and the intersection of archives and technology, the area in which i work. i am nothing if not enthusiastic about open culture and open source software and their transformative potential. i release my own work (meaning software, presentations, writing, etc. 	collaboration before preservation: recovering born digital records in the stephen gendin papers for some, the phrase &ldquo;born digital resources&rdquo; may be unfamiliar, but ricky erway, senior program officer at oclc research wrote a brief essay entitled defining &ldquo;born digital&rdquo;, which provides a handy, working definition: &ldquo;items created and managed in digital form.&rdquo; manuscripts and archives, the beinecke rare book and manuscript library, and yale university library overall have had a notable history of working with born digital resources over the past ten years. 	emotion, archives, interactive fiction, and linked data [edit (feb , ): thanks to the fantastic work of tara robertson, the video of my lightning talk is now available!] i gave a lightning talk entitled [&ldquo;wielding the whip: affect, archives, and ontological fusion&rdquo;]({{ root_url }}/storage/ / feb-code lib-lightning-talk) at the code lib conference in chicago, illinois. this lightning talk was one of the most difficult presentations i&rsquo;ve ever given for a number of reasons, including the emotional aspect of the content itself, as well as the fact that several of the ideas i was trying to articulate weren&rsquo;t fully baked. i&rsquo;ve been thinking about this for the four to six months in various capacities and with different focuses, especially as i read more interactive fiction and learn more about it (as well as about hypertext in general). this post serves as an expansion of some of the ideas in my lightning talk and as a way to further the discussion around the following question: can we write interactive fiction and (semi-/para-)fictional hypertext that leverages linked data to create an emotional connection to the &ldquo;real world&rdquo;? 	 hours: the day of digital archives thursday, october was the day of digital archives, organized by friend and colleague gretchen gueguen at the university of virginia. i missed the post deadline yesterday, but it's been a busy week, so i might as well walk through some of the highlights of my work related to digital archives that occurred during that hours from am thursday to am friday. am: it's late, but i'm finishing the last bit of work of writing up lecture notes. this fall, i am teaching a class on digital preservation as an adjunct in the ischool at drexel university. the ischool is on the quarter system, so we have only ten weeks to cover a wide variety of material. last week the students got an introduction to the reference model for an open archival information system, and this week's topics (on which i am writing the lecture notes) are selection and appraisal, assessment, provenance, and authenticity. some of the sources of the week's material include a forthcoming case study from the city of vancouver archives, the dcc curation manual's chapter on appraisal and selection, sections of the clir publication authenticity in a digital environment, and the final report of the w c provenance incubator group. 	how to hack saa inspired by my friend declan fleming's "how to hack code lib," i have been motivated to put together a guide to surviving and enjoying the annual meeting. it can be a seemingly scary (and potentially lonely) experience if it's your first conference, and we archivists are not always known for our extrovertedness. so, without further ado, here is my brief list of suggestions - again, some of which have been shamelessly stolen adapted from declan's guide. 	tweeting up at saa thanks to the great work of lance (@newmsi), rachel donahue (@sheepeeh), and angelique richardson (@randomarchivist) last year, the first saa tweetup was pulled off successfully in washington, dc. given that this year's saa annual meeting is just a few weeks away, hillel arnold (@helrond) and i have elected to organize one in chicago, as well. we're holding this year's tweetup on thursday, august , starting at pm, at the clark street ale house, which is about a mile from the conference hotel and easily walkable and accessible by public transportation. feel free to join us after the alumni mixers - and please join us even if you don't use twitter. please rsvp at http://twtvite.com/saa tweetup; while rsvps are not required, they will help us and the bar plan ahead. 	supporting hyatt workers and unite here local at the annual meeting of saa some of us archivists have growing concerns regarding the long-standing labor dispute between unite here local and the management of the hyatt regency chicago, the location of the annual meeting of the society of american archivists. most recently, this labor dispute has led to a one-day strike of housekeepers, dishwashers, bellmen and other hotel workers on june , . saa has not given its membership any guidance to its membership about how to support unite here local and the hyatt's hotel workers. accordingly, my colleague hillel arnold and i have put together an website for archivists to find and share ideas. this website, support hyatt workers at saa : an unofficial resource, is now live, and provides ideas for actions that anyone can perform, plus lists of those specifically for individuals who have either chosen not to attend and for those that are attending. this site allows anyone to contribute and comment either generally on a given page or in response to particular ideas. 	sumer is icumen in i have spent the last several months in a fog. emotions tend to get the better of me whenever faced with a barrier in my work life. it's gotten increasingly difficult for me to see the forest for the trees, no matter how much i tell myself that my work is for the greater good of my unit, my institution, and archivy. self-doubt creeps in, as does stress, frustration, depression. positivity begins to wane, with optimism replaced by apathy and sarcasm. you stop seeing the good in things and other people, and you stop being inspired. you desperately want to get away, pull the plug, clean the slate, or otherwise just put everything to a grinding halt. you stop asking "why can't i do that?" and start asking "why should i care?" instead. i don't think this is the first time i've faced burnout, and while it certainly won't be the last, the extent to which it's affected me this time around is astounding. 	in memoriam: robert frost, - i am sad to announce the passing of robert l. "bob" frost ( - ). bob was an associate professor at the university of michigan school of information, my alma mater, where he had taught since . bob had been battling cancer for over two years. ed vielmetti has written an obituary of bob on his blog, including the announcement from si dean jeffrey mackie-mason. bob was an inspiration to many of us si alums, and his magnetic personality, sharp wit, and joie de vivre ensured he had a bevy of his students and colleagues buzzing around him at any given time. i had the opportunity to take his class material culture and the interpretation of objects in the spring of , my final semester at si. the class was intense in a way that few of my other classes at michigan were, and it provoked my continuing curiosity in identifying theoretical frameworks to analyze the everyday world. bob reinforced my fascination with wilhelm reich and the fugs by introducing me to dušan makavejev's w. 	wikileaks & the archives & records profession: a panel discussion update: the text of my remarks can be now found online at https://matienzo.org/presentations/ /wikileaks/. i am honored to be one of the speakers at "wikileaks & the archives & records profession," a panel discussion organized by the archivists roundtable of metropolitan new york and the metropolitan new york city chapter of arma international. the panel will be on january , at the center for jewish history. from the announcement: do wikileaks and its complex, attendant issues shift our conceptualization of our roles as information professionals? how might wikileaks change the public's views on usage of and access to archives and records? to what extent is the most recent release of diplomatic cables a product of information mismanagement? addressing these and many more questions, our confirmed speakers include trudy peterson, former acting archivist of the united states ( - ) and current representative for the society of american archivists on the department of state's historical advisory committee; fred pulzello, solutions architect in the information governance practice at microlink llc; jim fortmuller, manager of systems security at kelley drye & warren llp in washington, dc; mark matienzo, digital archivist in manuscripts and archives at yale university library; and derek bambauer, associate professor of law at brooklyn law school. 	what's your delicious story? update: i've added a question on quora about this too - feel free to contribute your story there. in my last post, i talked a bit about the notion of delicious being a platform with a myriad of uses, and i've been actively wondering about this since then. upon further reflection, i've realized that the best way to figure this out is actually to engage and ask people directly. accordingly, i'm asking for your help. of course it's upsetting that delicious is being sunsetted, but other than individual users and archive team, people seem to be doing very little about it. delicious is clearly more than the bookmarks. i want to gather information about how people like you and me actually used it beyond it's obvious functionality. did you use it to manage resources for your dissertation? did you use it to communicate with family about a serious event or illness? how did you go beyond the boundaries of it being just " 	delicious and the preservation of "platforms" just as plenty of others have, i recoiled in horror when i heard that delicious (née del.icio.us) was being "sunsetted". regardless of the red flags that have been raised about its potentially imminent demise, i've still been using it on a daily basis. i've been an active user for over . years, which is longer than i can say for just about any other web platform or service. i deleted my friendster and myspace accounts quite a while ago; i've been on flickr almost as long as delicious, but the bookmarking wins out by a good four months or so. i started using delicious in my final semester of library school, and it shows. i used it for procrastinating as well as a way to organize research materials before i had zotero. the bulk of the bookmarks from that first day of use (february , ) were likely imports from my browser, but i quickly showed a facility for adding stuff that i saw as interesting, useful, etc. 	update: aus-archivists not dead? earlier today i'd posted about the australian society of archivists' announcement about the aus-archivists listserv being "lost." tim sherratt, an australian colleague and friend of this blog, announced this post on archiveslive, the ning group created by the asa seemingly to replace the listserv. pat jackson, asa president, has already responded with an update: the asa national office has not lost the aus-archivists list-serv. we have moved from an outsourced service provider to managing our new server at the national office. the aus-archivists list-serv was a bit too ancient for our spanking new server to manage. in terms of the posterity of the contents of the list-serv, the wonderful discussions and debate it fostered and engendered, they are not lost. it is our intention to post them to the asa website where they can be perused. further to that, it is my understanding that the aus-archivists list-serv is also deemed to be permanent under the asa retention schedule. the asa will be investigating other methods of storing the list-serv for permanent retention. 	goodbye, aus-archivists: listservs and the commitment to digital preservation [update: aus-archivists might not be gone for good, as asa intends to share the entire run of postings on its website. see this post for details.] despite my relative distaste for the a&amp;a list, i have previously found it useful and argued for its retention when it was threatened in . i still agree with most of what i wrote . years ago, although i might have toned things down in retrospect. in an effort to find other e-mail discussion lists on archives that engaged my interest, i joined arcan-l (the canadian archivists' listserv) and aus-archivists (the australian archivists' listserv, maintained by the australian society of archivists). surprisingly, aus-archivists had been idle since around the end of october. i noticed this tweet from the australian society of archivists only in passing at the beginning of november: the asa office would just like everyone to know that our list serv is still currently unavailable, we apologize for any inconvenience... i didn't hear anything else between then and earlier today. i should note that i'm not a member of asa, and so i can't speak to any communication they had with their membership. however, today a message was sent out by pat jackson, the asa president, to all aus-archivists subscribers, announcing that the listserv was lost entirely. 	disco-powered pymarc i'd been long interested in starting to develop code using some sort of mapreduce implementation for distributed computing. i have never been able to get my head around hadoop, so i gave up with that pretty quickly. i recently discovered disco, a mapreduce framework with an erlang-based core. disco also allows you to to write your worker code in python, which was a huge plus to me. after stumbling through the tutorial, i took the word count demo and put together some basic code using pymarc that gathered tag count statistics for a bunch of marc files. the code's still in a very early form, and arguably should carve up large files into smaller chunks to pass off to the worker processes; i've gotten around this for the time being by splitting up the files using yaz-marcdump. once i split the files, i pushed them into a tag of ddfs, the disco distributed file system. this was a useful way for me to write some demo code both for using pymarc and disco. 	the future of archivesblogs every project has it's day. i've administered archivesblogs for four years now. originally, i created it to fill a void when blogging was new to the archival profession, and archivists were having to make the case for dedicating staff time to shepherding early social media projects. four years later, things are much different; i'm less interested in web . (professionally speaking), more archivists are blogging, and more repositories are maintaining their own blogs. despite the changes in the archival blogosphere and repository administration, archivists still contact me occasionally and remind me of the value of archivesblogs. it's also lead to some interesting debates in the past. i still think it has its place, but i don't want to be the only person shaping its future. i've also been thinking for a while that i want to get out of the aggregation business, and i believe time to put together a succession plan. the reality is that i don't have the time to rethink what archivesblogs could be, or even give it the care and feeding it needs to keep running. 	why i have given up on the archives and archivists list i am certainly not the first person to chime in on this topic, and i certainly hope not to be the last. inspired by two fantastic posts by ben bromley and maureen callahan, i have chosen to discuss the reasons why i have given up on the archives and archivists list. unlike ben and maureen, who discuss why they choose not to post to the list, i'm also including reasons why i choose not to read or subscribe to the list anymore. for what it's worth, until yesterday, i had been on the a&amp;a list for almost nine long years. i don't think the majority of the traffic is terribly useful. this can be incredibly frustrating, especially there's a question on topic you happen to know something about. telling someone how to perform a google search is not an adequate response.given the signal-to-noise ratio of the list, useful or timely messages can be easily buried. off-topic messages seem to be the rule rather than the exception. 	with little fanfare, dlist goes down i've been meaning to blog about this for a while. dlist, the digital library of information science and technology, maintained by the university of arizona school of information resources and library science, has been down for at least three months. any url formerly part of dlist gets automatically redirected to an announcement page that reads as follows: aging hardware and conversion issues following a system crash have taken their toll on dlist, the university of arizona's digitial library of information science and technology. we are currently exploring choices and alternatives both to short term recovery and long term sustainability. the resources and metadata are fully recovered, and we hope to put them back online in a new repository soon. if you or your institution would like to assist with the dlist project, please contact us at sirls@email.arizona.edu. thanks for your support! while i feel for the difficulties they've had in maintaining it, i have to admit that it's a bit frustrating for me from the standpoint of someone who submitted material to dlist. 	code lib : southern hospitality i recently returned from a trip to asheville, north carolina for this year's code lib conference. despite the unavoidable hiccups that some attendees experienced as they tried to head home from the conference, i believe that this year's conference was the most successful one that i happened to attend. if i'm right, i think this year had a record number of attendees, a record number of new attendees, and much tighter organization to make the new folks feel welcome. the social activities were certainly more planned and organized than last year, which was a welcome change. while i certainly didn't mind hollering out to the crowd that i would be going to see some bands or to a particular restaurant like i had in previous years, it was nice to see other folks take the lead. the newcomer dinners seemed to go pretty well; the brews cruise and barbecue excursions went smoothly; and even the game(s) of werewolf seemed to take a life of their own. 	description peddlers and data.gov: two peas in a pod as you may have heard, the national archives issued a press release today announcing the release of three data sets on data.gov: the first milestone of the open government directive was met on january with the release of new datasets on data.gov. each major government agency has uploaded at least three datasets in this initial action. the national archives released the — code of federal regulations and two datasets from its archival research catalog. this is the first time this material is available as raw data in xml format. the archival research catalog, or arc, is nara's primary access system for archival description, representing % of nara's entire holdings. this breaks down to the following: , , cubic feet record groups , collections , series , , file units , items in addition, there are , , , logical data records and , artifacts described in arc. nara's decision to share this data is a breakthrough for archives and people who love data. 	onward and upward... it's fitting that this the hundredth (gosh, only the hundredth?) post, because i have rather important news. first, my fellow developers/producers/ux designers at the new york public library and i have been dealing with every minute detail on the upcoming, drupal-based replacement to the nypl website. you can see a live preview at http://new.nypl.org/. i can proudly say that this project has helped both me personally and nypl overall play nice in the open source world - we've been actively contributing code, reporting bugs, and sending patches to the drupal project. also, our site search is based on solr, which always bears mention. in addition, after a working tirelessly as a developer at nypl for the last year and a half, i have decided to move onward and upward. i am leaving the cozy environs of the still-recently renovated office space i share with my spectacular coworkers. it was not an easy decision by far, but it feels like the best one overall. 	clifford lynch clarifies position on open source ilses clifford lynch, executive director of the coalition for networked information, has responded to the leaked sirsidynix report that spreads horrific untruths about open source. marshall breeding posted lynch's response on guideposts. in particular, lynch notes the following: i don't think that i ever wrote those words down in an article; i suppose i may have said something to that effect in an interview or q&amp;a in some conference program like ala top tech, though perhaps no quite as strongly as it's expressed here. i have without question spoken out about my concerns regarding investment in open source ils development in the last few years. if i did say this, it feels like it's used a little out of context -- or maybe the better characterization is over-simplistically -- in the report. ... i think there are still major problems -- many of which we really don't know how to solve effectively, and which call for sustained and extensive research and development -- in various areas where ils get involved in information discovery and the support of research and teaching. 	sirsidynix report leaked, spreading fear, uncertainty and doubt about open source thanks to twitter, i discovered that wikileaks has posted a report written by sirsidynix vice president for innovation stephenabram which spreads a fantastic amount of fear, uncertainty and doubt about both open source software in general and, more specifically, the suitability of open source integrated library systems. as the summary provided by wikileaks states, this document was released only to a select number of existing customers of the company sirsidynix, a proprietary library automation software vendor. it has not been released more broadly specifically because of the misinformation about open source software and possible libel per se against certain competitors contained therein ... the source states that the document should be leaked so that everyone can see to what extent sirsidynix will attempt to spread falsehoods and smear open source and the proponents of open source. in addition, as you may have heard, the queens library is suing sirsidynix for breach of contract; for what it's worth, the initial conference is scheduled for next monday, november , . 	pybhl: accessing the biodiversity heritage library's data using openurl and python via twitter, i heard about the biodiversity heritage library's relatively new openurl resolver, announced in their blog about a month ago. more specifically, i head about matt yoder's new ruby library, rubybhl, which exploits the bhl openurl resolver to provide metadata about items in their holdings and does some additional screenscraping to return things like links to the ocred version of the text. in typical fashion, i've ported matt's library to python, and have released my code. pybhl is available from my site, pypi, and github. use should be fairly straightforward, as seen below: import pybhl import pprint b = pybhl.bhlopenurlrequest(genre='book', aulast='smith', aufirst='john', date=' ', spage=' ', volume=' ') r = b.get_response() len(r.data['citations']) pprint.pprint(r.data['citations'][ ]) {u'atitle': u'', u'authors': [u'smith, john donnell,'], u'date': u' ', u'epage': u'', u'edition': u'', u'genre': u'journal', u'isbn': u'', u'issn': u'', u'itemurl': u'http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/ ', u'language': u'latin', u'lccn': u'', u'oclc': u' ', u'pages': u'', u'publicationfrequency': u'', u'publishername': u'h.n. patterson,', u'publisherplace': u'oquawkae [ill.] :', u'spage': u'page ', u'stitle': u'', u'subjects': [u'central america', u'guatemala', u'plants', u''], u'title': u'enumeratio plantarum guatemalensium imprimis a h. 	access and description reconsidered what exactly is archival access, and how does archival description make it possible? i feel like that in some form or another i've been struggling with this question throughout my career. recently, this blog post from the top shelf, the blog of the university of texas at san antonio archives and special collections department, came across my radar, wherein they write (emphasis in original): utsa archives and special collections is among the growing number of archives to create an online presence for every one of its collections. ... we were able to utilize inventories generated by former and current collection assistants to create guides to the collection with folder-level and box-level descriptions. the project resulted in access to more than collections and linear feet of materials. what defines that accessibility? i certainly don't intend to be a negative nancy about this - adding finding aids and other descriptive metadata about collections is obviously useful. but how has it necessarily increased access to the materials themselves? 	aip receives nhprc funding to digitize samuel goudsmit papers i'm happy to pass on the news that my former employer, the niels bohr library & archives of the american institute of physics, has received funding from the national historical publications and records commission to digitize the entirety of the samuel goudsmit papers. from the announcement on the center for history of physics/niels bohr library & archives facebook page: goudsmit ( — ) was a dutch-educated physicist who spent his career in the us and was involved at the cutting edge of physics for over years. he was an important player in the development of quantum mechanics in the s and s; he then served as scientific head of the alsos mission during world war ii, which assessed the progress of the german atomic bomb project. goudsmit became a senior scientist at brookhaven national laboratory and editor-in-chief of the american physical society. the papers consist of an estimated , documents, which include correspondence, research notebooks, lectures, reports, and captured german war documents; the collection is the most used in the library. 	a gentle reminder on the eve of teaching my first class of my course (lis - , or, building digital libraries: infrastructural and social aspects) at liu's palmer school of information and library science, i'd like to remind you of the following. the syllabus is available on online, if you're curious. 	privacy, censorship, and good records management: brooklyn public library in the crosshairs over at librarian.net, jessamyn west has a brief write up about a post on the new york times' city room blog about placing access restrictions on offensive material (in this case, one of hergé's early tintin books at the brooklyn public library). more interestingly, she notes, is that the times was given access and accordingly republished challenges from bpl patrons and other community members. quite astutely, jessamyn recognizes that the patrons' addresses are removed but their names and city/state information are published. if your name is, for example, [name redacted], redacting your address doesn't really protect your anonymity. i'm curious what the balance is between patron privacy and making municipal records available. it's a good question that doesn't have an incredibly straightforward answer. my first concern was about whether bpl had kept the challenge correspondence beyond the mandated dates in the new york state records schedules. after doing some digging, on the new york state archives' website, i came across schedule mi- (" 	everything is bigger in texas, including my talks on the semantic web i'll be at the society of american archivists annual meeting next week in austin, texas. it looks to be a jam-packed week for me, with a full-day standards committee/tsds meeting on tuesday, followed by thatcamp austin in the evening, an (expanded version of my) presentation on linked data and archival description during the ead roundtable on wednesday, and thursday's session (number ): "building, managing, and participating in online communities: avoiding culture shock online" (with jeanne kramer-smyth, deborah wythe, and camille cloutier). and to think i haven't even considered which other sessions i'm going to! anyhow, i hope to see you there, and please make either or both of my presentations if you can. 	must contextual description be bound to records description? i've been struggling with the fact that (american) archival practice seems to bind contextual description (i.e., description of records creators) to records description. much of these thoughts have been stirring in my head as a result of my class at rare book school. if we take a relatively hardline approach, e.g. the kind suggested by chris hurley ("contextual data should be developed independently of the perceived uses to which it will be put", , see also ), it makes total sense to separate them entirely. in fact, it starts making me mad that the &lt;bioghist&gt; tag exists at all in ead. contextual description requires that it be written from a standpoint relative to that of the creator it describes. i guess what i keep getting hung up on is if there could be a relevant case that really merits this direct intellectual binding. i therefore appeal to you, humble readers, to provide me with your counsel. do you think there are any such cases, and if so, why? 	seeking nominations for co-chair, rlg programs roundtable apologies for any duplication - we're just trying to get the word out! as co-chairs of the rlg programs roundtable of the society of american archivists, we're seeking nominees to co-chair of the roundtable for - . if you'd like to nominate yourself or someone else, please email mark matienzo, co-chair, at mark at matienzo.org. please submit all nominations no later than pm eastern time on friday, august . serving in a leadership position for a section or roundtable is a great way to learn about saa and its governance, contribute to new directions for the society, and work with other archivists on interesting projects. it is also a great way to serve the society! your rlg roundtable co-chairs, thomas g. knoles marcus a. mccorison librarian american antiquarian society mark matienzo applications developer, digital experience group the new york public library 	the archival, the irreconcilable, and the unwebbable: three horsemen and/or stooges this week in charlottesville has been a whirlwind exploration of standards and implementation strategies thus far during my class, designing archival description systems, at rare book school. my classmates and i have been under the esteemed tutelage of daniel pitti, who has served as the technical architect for both ead and eac. interestingly, there's been a whole lot of talk about linking data, linked data, and linked data, date normalization, and print versus online presentation, among other things. in addition, a few things have floated past on my radar screen this week that have seemed particularly pertinent to the class. the first of these was a post by stefano mazzocchi of metaweb, "on data reconciliation strategies and their impact on the web of data". in stefano's post, he wrote about the problem of a priori data reconciliation vs. a posteriori; in other words, whether you iron out the kinks, apply properties like owl:sameas, etc., on the way in or on the way out. 	"summer camp for archivists" sounds so much better crossposted to nypl labs. i'm staying with colleagues and good friends during my week-long stint in charlottesville, virginia for rare book school. if you're here - particularly if you're in my class (daniel pitti's designing archival description systems) - let me know. i'm looking forward to a heady week dealing with descriptive standards, knowledge representation, and as always, doing my best to sell the archives world on linked data. notes and thoughts will follow, as always, on here. 	"using the oclc worldcat apis" now available in python magazine as of last thursday, i have been inducted into the pantheon of published python programmers (aye, abuse of alliteration is always acceptable). my article, "using the oclc worldcat apis," appears in the latest issue (june ) of python magazine. i'd like to thank my editor, brandon craig rhodes, for helping me along in the process, not the least of which includes catching bugs that i'd overlooked. the article includes a brief history lesson about oclc, worldcat, and the worldcat affiliate apis, a detailed introduction to worldcat, my python module to interact with oclc's apis, and a brief introduction to simile exhibit, which helps generate the holdings mashup referenced earlier on my blog. subscribers to python magazine have access to a copy of the code containing a functional oclc web services key ("wskey") to explore the application. 	nyart presentation: archives & the semantic web this last tuesday, i spoke at the annual meeting of the archivists' roundtable of metropolitan new york, where i gave a talk on archives and the semantic web. the presentation went over very well, and colleagues from both the archives field and the semantic technology field were in attendance. i did my best to keep the presentation not overtly technical and cover just enough to get archivists to think about how things could be in the future. i also have to give a big hat tip to dan chudnov, whose recent keynote at the texas conference on digital libraries helped me organize my thoughts. enjoy the slides, and as always, i relish any feedback from the rest of you. 	drupal for archivists: documenting the asian/pacific american community with drupal over the course of the last academic year, i have been part of a team working on survey project aimed at identifying and describing archival collections relating to the asian and pacific american community in the new york city metropolitan area. the results of the fifty-plus collections we surveyed have been posted on our drupal-powered website, which has been an excellent fit for the needs of this project and has also enabled us to engage many of the challenges the project has presented. by way of introduction, this survey project seeks to address the underrepresentation of east coast asian/pacific americans in historical scholarship and archival repositories by working with community-based organizations and individuals to survey their records and raise awareness within the community about the importance of documenting and preserving their histories. funded by a documentary heritage project grant from metro: metropolitan new york library council, the project is a collaborative effort between the asian/pacific/american institute and the tamiment library/robert f. 	worldcat in the wild at oclc's worldcat mashathon in amsterdam it's good to see other people using your code. thanks to the oclc devnet blog, i found out that etienne posthumus used worldcat for a demo application he built during the worldcat mashathon in amsterdam last week. even more interesting is that etienne's application was deployed on google app engine. courtesy of oclc's alice sneary, there is a brief video of etienne presenting his application to the other mashathon attendees: 	batch reindexing for drupal + solr crossposted to nypl labs. sorry for any duplication! hey, do you use drupal on a site with several thousand nodes? do you also use the apache solr integration module? if you're like me, you've probably needed to reindex your site but couldn't be bothered to wait for those pesky cron runs to finish — in fact, that's what led me to file a feature request on the module to begin with. well, fret no more, because thanks to me and greg kallenberg, my illustrious fellow applications developer at nypl dgtl, you can finally use drupal's batch api to reindex your site. the module is available as an attachment from that same issue node on drupal.org. nota bene: this is a really rough module, with code swiped pretty shamelessly from the example use of the batch api page on drupal.org. it works, though, and it works well enough as we tear stuff down and build it back up over and over again. 	digitalnz and brooklyn museum api modules for python i've been busy the last few weeks, so i didn't even really announce this to begin with! i've been playing around with some of the cultural heritage apis that are available, some of which i learned about while i was at museums and the web . while i was away i released code for a python module for interacting with the brooklyn museum collections api. after chatting with virginia gow from digitalnz, i also got motivated to write a python module to interact with the digitalnz api. the code for both is fairly unpolished, but i'm always ready for feedback! both modules are available as mercurial repositories linked from my bitbucket account. there's also a small cluster of us working on a museum api wiki to begin sorting out some of these issues. comparably speaking, the library and archives world has it somewhat easy... 	the medium is not the message "electronic records" is a particularly awful phrase and does not even actually capture anything about the underlying records at all. as far as the term goes, it's not too far off from "machine readable records." as a profession, can we start actually thinking critically about the underlying technical issues and push for using terms that more accurately describe what it is we're dealing with? i understand it's a convenient catch-all term, but there is a large range of issues that differ with the kinds of data and systems. 	drupal for archivists: a drupal-built archives reference blog when mark asked me to write about our use of drupal at the dickinson college archives and special collections, the first thing i thought about was when our archives reference blog was initially launched in april . i couldn't believe that it has been two years already. i am pleased to report that my colleagues at dickinson and i are enormously happy with the results of those two years. i hope others may find this brief explanation of how and why we are using drupal as a reference management tool to be helpful and instructive. the concept for our implementation of drupal was a simple one. i was thinking about the fact that we help researchers everyday to locate information that they want, but that what they discover among our collections or learn from them seldom gets shared, except by those who write for publication. so, what if we shared via the web, through a simple blog format, the basic questions posed by our researchers along with a simple summary of the results? 	why you should support linked data if you don't, i'll make your data linkable. 	coming soon: drupal for archivists i've been fairly quiet lately as i've been busy with this and that, but i thought i'd let everyone know that i've been beginning to put together a series of posts entitled "drupal for archivists." drupal, as you may or may not know, is a flexible and extensible open source content management system. there will be a general overview of some of the important concepts, but it'll focus less on the basics of getting people up and running — there are plenty of resources out there, such as the wonderful tutorials and articles available from lullabot. instead, i've drafted a handful of guest bloggers to discuss how and why they're using drupal. keep your eyes peeled! 	brooklyn museum releases api the always groundbreaking brooklyn museum has now released an api to allow the public to interact with their collections data. i can't even tell you how happy i am about this in terms of an open data perspective. also, this is the direction that makes the whole "detailed curation by passionate amateurs" thing possible. there are only three simple methods for accessing the data. ideally, it would be nice to see them put their collections metadata up as linked data, but now i'm daring to dream a little. hey, wait a minute! i think that's the perfect way to start playing around with the api. doing some digging through the documentation, i'm seeing that all the objects and creators seem to have uris. take a crack at it - the registration form is ready for you. 	moving worldcat to mercurial and bitbucket it's official - i've moved the codebase for worldcat, my python module for working with the oclc worldcat apis, to be hosted on bitbucket, which uses the mercurial distributed version control system. you can find the new codebase at http://bitbucket.org/anarchivist/worldcat/. 	make me a structured vocabulary or i'll make one for you the society of american archivists released the thesaurus for use in college and university archives as an electronic publication this week. specifically, it was issued as a series of pdf files. is this data stored in some sort of structured format somewhere? if so, it's not available directly from the saa site. there's no good reason why tucua shouldn't be converted to structured, linkable data, expressed using skos, the simple knowledge organization system. it's not like i need another project, but i'm sure i could write some scraper to harvest the terms out of the pdf, and while i'm at it, i could write one to also harvest the glossary of archival terminology. someone, please stop me. i really don't need another project. 	go foaf yourself i'm really looking forward to next week's code lib conference in providence, despite my utter failure to complete or implement the project on which i am presenting. in particular, i'm really looking forward to the linked data preconference. like some of my other fellow attendees, i've hammered out a foaf file for the preconference already so that ed summers' combo foaf crawler and attendee info web app. this is what the sample output looks using my foaf data. it's good to see we're well on our way to have an easily creatable sample type of rdf data for people to play with. at a bare minimum, you can create your foaf data using foaf-a-matic and then edit it to add the assertions you need to get it to play nice with ed's application. see you in providence, but go foaf yourself first. 	developing metrics for experimental forms of outreach archivesnext recently inquired about how archivists measure success of . initiatives. it's hard to determine some . -ish initiatives will really impact statistics when you don't really define what the results you're trying to see. i'd like to open the question further — how do we begin developing metrics for things that sit on the cusp between forms of outreach? furthermore, i'm curious to see where this information is captured — do archivists wait until the end to gather survey data, or if they working towards something like we at nypl labs are doing with infomaki, our new usability tool developed by michael lascarides, our user analyst. 	dead reckoning # : mixing/matching with namespaces and application profiles so, it's time for another rant about my issues with ead. this one is a pretty straightforward and short one, and comes down to the issue that i should essentially be able to mix and match metadata schemas. this is not a new idea, and i'm tired of the archives community treating it like it is one. application profiles, as they are called, allow us to define a structured way to combine elements from different schemas, prevent addition of new and arbitrary elements, and tighten existing standards for particular use cases. however, to a certain extent, the ead community has accepted the concept of combining xml namespaces but on a very limited level. the creation of the ead schema allows ead data to be embedded into other xml documents, such as mets. however, i can't do it the other way around; for example, i can't work a mods or marcxml record into a finding aid. why not? 	you're all sheep made by twittersheep, a new project made (in part) by my acquaintance ted roden, a creative technologist for new york times research & development. 	a bird's eye view of archival collections mitchell whitelaw is a senior lecturer in the faculty of design and creative practice at the university of canberra and the winner of the national archives of australia's ian maclean award. according to the naa's site, the ian maclean award commemorates archivist ian maclean, and is awarded to individuals interested in conducting research that will benefit the archival and historical profession in australia and promote the important contribution that archives make to society. dr. whitelaw has been keeping the world up to date on his work using his blog, the visible archive. his work fits well with my colleague jeanne kramer-smyth's archival data visualization project, archivesz, as well as the multidimensional visualization projects underway at the humanities advanced technology & information institute at the university of glasgow. however, his project fascinates me for a few specific reasons. first of all, the scale of the datasets he's working with are astronomically larger than those that any other archival visualization project has tried to tackle so far. 	api fun: visualizing holdings locations in my previous post, i included a screenshot of a prototype, but glossed over what it actually does. given an oclc record number and a zip code, it plots the locations of the nearest holdings of that item on a google map. pulled off in python (as all good mashups should be), along with simile exhibit, it uses the following modules: geopy simplejson web.py and, of course, worldcat. if you want to try it out, head on over here. the curent of the code will soon be able as part of the examples directory in the distribution for worldcat, which can be found in my subversion repository. 	this is all i'm going to say on this here blogsite concerning the brouhaha about the policy for use and transfer of worldcat records because i have other, more interesting and more complex problems to solve (and so do you) the moderated discussion hosted and sponsored by nylink went pretty well. also, i don't need the records to have fun with the data "” i just need robust apis. (in fact, as i said today, i'd prefer not to have to deal with the marc records directly.) robust apis would help making prototypes like this one i hacked together in a few hours into a real, usable service. 	lightening the load: drupal and python man, if this isn't a "you got your peanut butter in my chocolate thing" or what! as i wrote over on the nypl labs blog, we've been up to our necks in drupal at mpow, and i've found that one of the great advantages of using it is rapid prototyping without having to write a whole lot of code. again, that's how i feel about python, too, but you knew that already. once you've got a prototype built, how do you start piping stuff into it? in drupal , a lot of the contrib modules to do this need work - most notably, i'm thinking about node_import, which as of yet still has no (official) cck support for drupal and cck . in addition, you could be stuck with having to write php code for the heavy lifting, but where's the joy in that? well, it so happens that the glue becomes the solvent in this slow, slow dance. 	dead reckoning # : a fatheaded failure for faceted terms and headings in ead a while back, i wrote a bad marc rant, and i considered titling this a bad metadata rant. however, as the kids say, i got mad beef with a little metadata standard called encoded archival description. accordingly, i figured i should begin a new series of posts discussing some of these issues that i have with something that is, for better or for worse, a technological fixture of our profession. this is in part prompted by thoughts that i've had as a result of participating in ead@ and attending the something new for something old conference sponsored by the pacscl consortial survey initiative. anyhow, onto my first bone to pick with ead. i'm incredibly unsatisfied with the controlled access heading tag &lt;controlaccess/&gt;. first of all, it can occur within itself, and because of this, i fear that there will be some sort of weird instance where i have to end up parsing a series of these tags levels deep. also, it can contain a &lt;chronlist/&gt;, which also seems pretty strange given that i've never seen any example of events being used as controlled access terms in this way. 	going off the rails: really rapid prototyping with drupal previously posted on http://labs.nypl.org/. the other labs denizens and i are going off the rails on a crazy train deeper down the rabbit hole of reimplementing the nypl site in drupal. as i pile my work on the fire, i've found that building things in drupal is easier than i'd ever thought it to be. it's a scary thought, in part because i'm no fan of php (the language of drupal's codebase). really, though, doing some things can be dead simple. it's a bit of a truism in the drupal world at this point that you can build a heck of a lot just by using the cck and views modules. the important part is that you can build a heck of a lot without really having to know a whole lot of code. this is what threw me off for so long - i didn't realize that i was putting too much thought into building a model like i normally would with another application framework. 	does saa need to support who i am? there's been a whole lot of discussion in the archivoblogosphere about the perceived need for quasi-informal interest groups that are fundamentally driven by identity. while i agree with this in theory, i must register my opposition to having saa promote, support, or provide any sort of infrastructure for such groups. fundamentally, i am against this because i believe it poses a strong threat to the privacy of archivists. 	deliciouscopy: a dumb solution for a dumb problem you'd think there was some sort of tried and true script for delicious users to repost bookmarks from their inboxes into their accounts, especially given that there are often shared accounts where multiple people will tag things as "for:foo" to have them show up on foo's delicious account. well, there wasn't, until now (at least as far as i could tell). enter deliciouscopy. it uses pydelicious, as well as the universal feed parser and simplejson. it reads a user's inbox, checks to see if poster of the for:whomever tag was added to your network, and reposts accordingly, adding a via: tag for attribution. it even does some dead simple logging if you need that sort of thing. the code's all there, and gpl license blah blah blah. i hacked this together in about an hour for something at mpow - namely to repost things to our shared account. it's based on michael noll's deliciousmonitor.py but diverges from it fairly quickly. enjoy, and give any feedback if you must. 	idle hands are the devil's plaything i've had my hands full lately. two weeks ago i was at the mcn conference (wherein, among other things, i have continued my dominion as archduke of archival description by taking over the mcn standards sig chair position from the bancroft library's mary elings), and next week i'm off to philadelphia for the pacscl something new for something old conference. i hammered out the coherent, written version of my paper i gave at ead@ . i prepared a proposal for next february's code lib conference in providence (ahem, vote for mine, if you're so inclined): building on galen charlton's investigations into distributed version control systems for metadata management, i offer a prototype system for managing archival finding aids in ead (encoded archival description). my prototype relies on distributed version control to help archivists maintain transparency in their work and uses post-commit hooks to initiate indexing and publishing processes. in addition, this prototype can be generalized for any xml-based metadata schema. on top of that, i'm working with a fine group of folks on the rlg programs project to analyze ead editing and creation tools, doing hardcore schema mapping at work, and somehow finding enough time to play a little doukutsu monogatari to unwind. 	developing automated repository deposit modules for archivists' toolkit? i'd like to gauge interest for people to help add code to archivists' toolkit to automate the deposit of digital objects into digital repositories. at first glance, the biggest issue is having to deal with differing deposit apis for each repository, but using something like sword would make sense to bridge this gap. any and all feedback is welcome! 	python worldcat module v . . now available in preparation for the upcoming worldcat hackathon starting this friday, i've made a few changes to worldcat, my python module for interacting with oclc's apis. most notably, i've added iterators for sru and opensearch requests, which (like the rest of the module) painfully need documentation. it's available either via download from my site or via pypi; please submit bug reports to the issue tracker as they arise. edit: i've bumped up the version number another micro number to . . as i've just added the improvements mentioned by xiaoming liu on the worldcat devnet blog (lccn query support, support for tab-delimited and csv responses for xissnrequests, and support for php object responses for all xidrequests). edit: thanks to thomas dukleth, i was told that code for the hackathon was to be licensed under the bsd license. accordingly, i've now dual licensed the module under both gpl and bsd. 	v -powered libraries and the happiness engines that run them previously posted on http://labs.nypl.org/. a week ago today, a few of my deg colleagues and i went to see liz lawley from rit's lab for social computing give a talk entitled "libraries as happiness engines." it was a modified version of a talk she gave at this year's cil conference. the gist of the talk was that gaming in libraries means not just using established games to draw the public into the library, but also to begin implementing game mechanics into libraries that allow them to flourish as social spaces. in particular, these game mechanics include things like collecting, points, feedback, exchanges, and customization. i've been ruminating on this for the last week or so in a couple different ways. first of all, i've been trying to figure out how we could implement game mechanics within nypl. 	an open letter to saa council and the program committee i apologize for using my blog to soapbox, but i felt like this was a significant concern that i should share with my readers. if you wish to support my position, please consider sending an e-mail to saa council and the program committee chairs. dear program committee members and saa council members, i understand that we are nearing the deadlines for submission of proposals for sessions at the annual meeting of the society of american archivists. i also understand the reasons behind having an earlier deadline than past years. however, i am deeply concerned with the decision to have the deadline set to be october , , which is yom kippur and the day which the jewish high holidays end. as is often the case, conference proposals often coalesce at the last minute, and this is further complicated by the fact that the beginning of rosh hashana fell on september , . i recognize that the deadline is most likely immutable at this point, but i am asking that saa council and future program committees pay attention to when the high holidays fall in future years. 	the apex of hipster xml geekdom: tei-encoded dylan via language log: the electronic textual cultures lab (etcl) at the university of victoria has, in an effort to draw more attention to tei, chosen to prepare an encoded version of the lyrics to bob dylan's "subterranean homesick blues" and overlaid the resulting xml over the song's video. the resulting video is available, naturally, on youtube. etcl's ray siemens writes about the reasoning behind this on the tei video widgets blog: at the last gathering of the text encoding initiative consortium, in maryland, a few of us were discussing the ways in which tei has eluded some specific types of social-cultural representation that are especially current today . . . things like an avatar, or something that could manifest itself as a youtube posting. a quick search of youtube did reveal a significant and strong presence of sorts, but it was that of tei the korean pop singer (pronounced, we're told, "˜tay'); so, our quest began there, setting out modestly to create a video widget that would balance t-e-i and tei in the youtube world. 	introducing djabberdjaw djabberdjaw is an alpha-quality jabber bot written in python that uses django as an administrative interface to manage bot and user profiles. i've included a couple of plugins out of the box that will allow you to perform queries against z . targets and oclc's xisbn api (assuming you have the requisite modules). djabberdjaw requires django . or later, jabberbot, and xmpppy. it's available either from pypi (including using easy_install) or via subversion. you can browse the subversion repository, too. 	archivesblogs . thanks to jeanne from spellbound blog, i was made aware of the fact that archivesblogs hadn't really been doing its job. so, i ripped out its guts and put it back together. it's running the latest, shiniest versions of wordpress, feedwordpress, and auto delete posts, and now it has added feedburner and wp stats goodness. let me know if you discover any peculiarities in the updated set up. 	slaying the scary monsters previously posted on http://labs.nypl.org/. getting up to speed is hard anywhere, and it's especially difficult in a large, complex institution like nypl. other than just understanding the projects that you're given, you also are thrown headfirst into making sense of the culture, the organization, and all the unspoken and occasionally unseen things that allow you to do your job. there's no clear place to start this, so a good portion of the time you have to keep on top of that while you start thrashing away at your work. the question remains, though, how do you organize this stuff? how do you enable sensemaking in yourself and your peers? 	everything old is new again goodbye, wordpress - i've been drinking more of the koolaid. i rebuilt my personal/professional site (not this blog) in drupal. migrating the content was pretty easy (about static pages, no posts). the functionality is astounding - i only started working on redoing it yesterday and i've already got a great infrastructure. expect a detailed post before too long, or at least a link to a colophon on said site. 	matienzo, the san francisco treat i'm packing up and heading out to sfo this evening for saa . right now i'm frantically backing up my zotero repository, making sure i have a bunch of sources to peruse on the plane as i hack away on my slides for ead@ . you might be surprised that my idea of me jumping out of a cake in the shape of an &lt;archdesc&gt; tag wearing a bathing suit was not even considered, so it looks like i'll actually have to put some coherent thoughts together. i've got to make a grand entrance somehow. i'll be chairing the description section meeting as well, so behave yourselves, kids. 	bad marc rant # : leader positions and i understand why the marc leader position is a good idea in theory. in fact, marbi proposal - suggests: a change in definition to leader/ code "a" for clarification; making code "t" (manuscript language materials) obsolete in leader/ and using code "a" instead; redefinitions of codes "a" and "p" in leader/ ; renaming the for books to "textual (nonserial); and deleting field for mixed material. i can safely say that some pretty funky stuff gets cataloged with the leader position set as "a," and much of it is incorrect, at $mpow and otherwise. what is leader/ actually supposed to be used for? marbi proposal - again states: code a indicates that the material is described according to archival descriptive rules, which focus on the contextual relationships between items and on their provenance rather than on bibliographic detail. the specific set of rules for description may be found in $e. all forms of material can be controlled archivally. 	python worldcat api module now available i'd like to humbly announce that i've written a pre-pre-alpha python module for working with the worldcat search api and the xid apis. the code needs a fair amount of work, namely unit tests and documentation. i've released the code under the gpl. the module, called "worldcat", is available from the python package index. you can also checkout a copy of the code from my subversion repository. 	seriously, follow our lead oclc's lorcan dempsey makes a great point as usual in his post "making tracks": in recent presentations, i have been suggesting that libraries will need to adopt more archival skills as they manage digital collections and think about provenance, evidential integrity, and context, and that they will also need to adopt more museum perspectives as they think about how their digital collections work as educational resources, and consider exhibitions and interpretive environments. i doubt that any archivist would disagree with this. even better, i think this offers a great opportunity to reach out and have those in allied fields really understand how and why we've done things slightly different for so long. i'm glad to see that my new employer has picked up on this holistic approach with platforms like the nypl blogs. 	now, it can be told after a little over two years processing, referencing, and cataloging, and hacking at aip, i'm skipping up to the city that never sleeps to join jay datema, josh greenberg, and company in the nypl labs. i'd be lying if i said i wasn't thrilled about this opportunity, and i'm ready to see where my new job will take me. the next major hurdle will be finding a place to live, so if you're privy to anything in brooklyn, please let me know. 	ica releases international standard for describing functions the ica's committee of best practices and standards released the first edition of the international standard for describing functions (isdf). like much of ica's other work in descriptive standards for archives, isdf is designed to be used in conjunction with established standards such as isad(g) and isaar(cpf), as well as standards in preparation such as isiah. isdf will assist both archivists and users to understand the contextual aspects of the creation of records of corporate bodies. through isdf and related standards, archivists will be able to develop improved descriptive systems that can be potentially implemented using a linked data model. 	google message discovery amidst this week of notorious hoaxes, google has launched google message discovery as an enterprise-focused add on for its google apps platform. google message discovery goes well beyond a simple and reliable e-mail backup system and provides three key features of interest to records managers: content-addressable storage for electronic mail stored immediately upon sending or retrieval creating explicit retention policies based upon time compliance with relevant laws and best practices straightforward discovery for any use, regardless if internal or concerning litigation google message discovery, as well as other related offerings such as e-mail security, clearly has its origins in google's acquisition of postini last year. postini isn't some startup with dubious or perpetually beta offerings (e.g. dodgeball or grandcentral); some of their better known clients include basf and merrill lynch. at $ per user per year, the service seems to be an incredible steal. 	easy peasy: using the flickr api in python since i'm often required to hit the ground running at $mpow on projects, i was a little concerned when i roped myself into assisting our photo archives with a flickr project. the first goal was to get a subset of the photos uploaded, and quickly. googling and poking around the cheeseshop led me to beej's flickrapi for python. little did i know that it would be dead simple to get this project going. to authenticate: def create_session(api_key, api_secret): """creates as session using flickrapi.""" session = flickrapi.flickrapi(api_key, api_secret) (token, frob) = session.get_token_part_one(perms='write') if not token: raw_input("hit return after authorizing this program with flickr") session.get_token_part_two((token, frob)) return session that was less painful than the ppd test for tuberculosis. oh, and uploading? flickr.upload(filename=fn, title=title, description=desc, tags=tags, callback=status) using this little code plus a few other tidbits, i created an uploader that parses csv files of image metadata exported from an access database. and when done, the results look a little something like this. 	movin' and shakin' in the archives world archivesnext recently discussed library journal's annual list of "movers and shakers," pondering what a comparable list in the archival profession would look like. for those who don't know, the list recognizes "library advocates, community builders, . gurus, innovators, marketers, mentors, and problem solvers transforming libraries." after some rumination, archivesnext is now calling for nominations to generate a similar list. do your civic duty and nominate either a project, an individual, or even a situation worthy of this recognition! 	behind the times: where i finally speak of code lib ok, ok. a post about code libcon is long overdue. the minor details: the weather was nice, food was decent, good beer was abundant, and live music was enjoyable. onto the real meat... this time around, i felt like i got a whole lot more out of attending; i'm not sure if this is due to the changing nature of my job, increased attention, or some other factor, like neckferrets and dongles. the great majority of the talks, be they keynotes, traditional presentations, or even just lightning talks, were excellent. furthermore, this time around i felt a whole lot more connected to the miasma - so much so, in fact, that i ended up giving two lightning talks (or three, depending on if you consider the one i gave with gabriel farrell on kobold_chiefain fac-back-opac). the most impressive thing overall, though, were lolcats that came out to play: thanks to the work of noel peden and dan scott, the videos should be up soon enough. 	dataportability.org and the dream of a web . backup system i just discovered dataportability.org through peter van garderen's blog post about it. i was entirely surprised that i'd heard nary a peep about it. some basic examination (running a whois query on the domain) shows that it's still a fairly new project. i have to say, though, that i'm entirely impressed. those involved have given a whole lot of thought to how they're going to be doing things, as evidenced by those who have signed up to be involved and the dataportability charter. to wit, the charter's principles tend to speak for themselves: we want sovereignty over the profiles, relationships, content and media we create and maintain. we want open formats, protocols and policies for identity discovery, data import, export and sync. we want to protect user rights and privacy. and, of course, the thing that made me squeal with delight like a pig in mud: . dataportability will not inventing any new standards. i mean, that's probably the best news that someone like me could get. 	announcing zgw.py, or, how i stopped worrying and learned to love z . after more than a few late nights and long weekends, i'm proud to announce that i've completed my latest pet programming project. zgw.py is a lightweight z . -web gateway, written, naturally, in python. none of this would be possible without the following python modules: aaron lav's pyz , the beast of burden; ed summers' pymarc, the smooth-talking translator; and web.py, quite possibly the best and most straightforward python web framework available. i initially undertook this project as an excuse to play with pyz and to teach myself the workings of web.py; i'd played with django, but it seemed entirely excessive for what i was working on. first, i should mention that zgw.py isn't designed to be a complete implementation of a z . gateway. there are many areas in which there is much to be desired, and it's probably not as elegant as some would like. however, that wasn't the point of the project. my ultimate goal was to create a simple client that could be used as a starting point from which to develop a complete web application. 	no excuses to the power of infinity i have no excuses for not updating this blog. i thought about forcing myself to comply some sort of resolution - you know, given the new year and all - but everyone knows how those turn out. regardless, i have a whole backlog of things to post about, most notably being the countless python programming projects i've been working on lately. expect more posts to arise over the next few days as a result of this. also, i have no excuses for botching up archivesblogs temporarily by mucking about and wiping out some of wordpress's databases that make feedwordpress, the plugin that grabs content for archivesblogs, do its thing. the recovery was simpler than i thought it would be, but this is probably the largest amount of unplanned downtime we've had. keep your eyes open, as a replacement for feedwordpress may itself becoming along sooner or later. 	web . , disaster, and archives many of web . 's detractors argue about it's real value, but given the wildfires in southern california, i was happy to see it really put to good use. kpbs, a san diego radio station, has been using flickr and, even more shocking (at least for some), twitter as ways to disseminate information and news quickly. the use of twitter is particularly interesting as it can send out sms messages. you might recall a few years ago when protesters in the philippines used sms to organize political rallies and warn of police retaliation. the california state library blog also has provided information from the california state archivist about archives affected by the fires. in addition, information about disaster recovery for libraries and archives is available both on a regional level by the san diego/imperial county libraries disaster response network and on the state level by the california preservation program. please hold those affected by the fires in your thoughts, and if you can, contact sildrn or the cpp to help. 	archivesblogs upgrades & related weirdness i've updated archivesblogs to the latest version of wordpress, as well as the latest versions of the plugins that do the heavy lifting (feedwordpress and auto delete posts). in so doing, i found that the database structure of wordpress . is radically different, causing some of my elegant work to break (namely, the use of the auto delete posts plugin, for which i wrote a patch). you may have seen duplicate posts, no new posts on specific feeds (language and blog type), and possibly other unpredicted outcomes. everything seems to be working properly now, so if you see anything strange or that doesn't work, let me know. 	dust in the wind(y city) saa came and went. everyone knows that i'm no good at liveblogging or semi-liveblogging, so don't expect an exhaustive report - potentially better sources include archivesnext and spellbound blog. here are my personal highlights, which is just about the best that this here boy archivist can pull off. the pre-conference saa research forum. while i only got to see the second half of the day, this is where the meat was according to those who were there for the whole thing. the description section steering committee meeting. this was probably the most instructive for me as i'm the incoming chair. hacking away on my remarks most of the week and successfully pulling off our session. jennifer schaffner from oclc/rlg programs substituted for merrilee proffitt and did a swell job. she's a great person to discuss all these crazy ideas with for two reasons - she's established in the profession and new to oclc! i eagerly await her posts at hangingtogether. 	hey chicago i'm in the windy city for saa . i'll be pretty busy the first few days in town, but remember, if you want to find me, just look for the glasses. also, make sure you come to the description section meeting and session on friday! 	happy birthday archivesblogs! it was one year ago today that i made archivesblogs available to the public. time sure seems to fly by fast! since then there have been a lot of changes - layout, platform, and hosting - but still, i remain involved for the long haul. thanks to all who provided suggestions, submitted blogs to be syndicated, and any other guidance along the way. archivesblogs now syndicates nearly blogs in languages! 	when life hands you marc, make pymarc it's a bad pun, but what can you expect from someone who neglects his blogs as much as i do? i've been busy, somewhat, and one of my latest forays has been getting a grip on python, an absolutely wonderful programming language. i actually enjoy writing code again, which is more than a bit scary. i was sick of the mangled scripts and workflows i came up with at mpow to handle converting marc data to html and other such nonsense. writing perl made me feel unclean. after playing around with ed summers' pymarc module, i began hacking about and putting my own hooks into the code here and there. i longed for marc to unicode conversion, which is a necessary evil. digging around, i came across aaron lav's pyz module, which had its own little marc code. after bugging ed via #code lib, and hassling aaron in the process, ed began incorporating the code and i started some testing. just a short while later, the conversion code worked. 	archives camp: talking about archives . archivesnext recently discussed the possibility of having some "archives . "-themed events this summer, and i think it's a great idea. now, we may not be able to throw something together in time for saa, but it seems like the idea of at least meeting up informally is percolating. there's a wealth of opportunities available for archives and archivists to improve access to their holdings through social software and the like. my vision, as i said in a comment on the post, would be to end up with an unconference along the lines of a library camp (or more generally, a barcamp), maybe with lightning talks if enough of us have something to show off or talk about. like library camp, i'd like to see a "bridging the gap" session where we learn and share ways about how to talk to it staff and other stakeholders essential to our ideas taking off. i facilitated a such a session at library camp east, and although trying at times, it was really instructive. 	nara frees their data, somewhat i'm a bit surprised that this hasn't come across anyone's radar, because it seems awfully damn significant to me. according to this post on the a&amp;a listserv by michael ravnitzky, the national archives and records administration released an exhaustive database of box holdings of all the federal records centers. he doesn't really say how he obtained this database, but my guess is he just asked based upon his background and interest in public access to government information - i've come across his name on material relating to foia before. the file he received from nara is a mb microsoft access database, and soon after he posted about it to the listserv, jordan hayes and phil lapsley took the opportunity to host the database, converted it to mysql, and wrote a few simple query forms for the database in php. hayes also provided some basic documentation on how to use the forms since mysql query syntax is probably not familiar to most people on the a&amp;a list. 	sticking my neck out it's been some time since i've had a substantive post, and i don't really intend to write one now. i figured i should mention, however, that i've been featured lately in print and in the blogosphere. jessamyn west of librarian.net interviewed me for an article ("saving digital history") in library journal netconnect. in addition, i was tapped by the wonderful folks at booktruck for the latest installment in their "ask a male librarian" series. i swear someday soon i'll write something much more interesting and less self-promotional. 	upgrading kubuntu to feisty beta breaks privoxy while i fully intend to go over my full experience upgrading to the latest development release of kubuntu, one of the things that i first noticed was that privoxy didn't seem to work or to be speaking with tor, preventing me from that lovely "anonymous" browsing experience. i noticed that in the upgrade the ever important "forward-socks a / localhost: ." line in /etc/privoxy/config wasn't in the upgraded version (actually, it shouldn't be). apparently during the upgrade, i told it to clobber my config file with the one distributed, saving my old version (luckily) to /etc/privoxy/config.dpkg-old. once that i added that line back, i'm now able to surf a bit more safely. 	protection from human pests a few months ago (while i was at naco training) i got a reader's card at the library of congress. for a while i pretty actively went and requested books on saturday afternoons. in particular, i was interested in archival manuals from outside the united states. one of the most interesting books i found was s. m. jaffar's problems of an archivist, a manual written in pakistan in . i was struck by the following passage ("protection from human pests"), taken from pp. - : "human pests" and "white huns" are the common epithets applied to human species acting as enemies of archives. history has recorded many such instances of vandalism as the wholesale destruction of priceless treasures of art and literature, the burning of big and beautiful libraries, the transport of camel-loads of books to distant countries and the sale of valuable manuscripts at ridiculously low prices. the transfer of artistic and literary treasures of subjugated countries by the conquerors to their homelands to adorn their own museums and libraries has depleted those countries of that wealth. 	five non-library blogs i read i won't bother waiting to be tagged to do this, because all the cool kids already are. i read too many blogs already, so here we go. mary eats is, as one would easily assume, a blog about food. mary started the blog while she and her husband were living in korea, and thus there's an overwhelming emphasis on korean food and restaurants. she moved to seattle relatively recently and began culinary school, too. my two favorite parts of this blog are when she makes videos and when she makes comics, like this one about konbu. language log is a blog written by linguistics faculty from around the world, wherein they tackle important and not-so-important issues like linguistic prescriptivism, scammers, the pirahà language, and cheese steak rolls served at chinese restaurants in philadelphia, all with a good sense of humor. information aesthetics covers all sorts of stuff related to information visualization. essentially, it's just one massive blog full of data porn, from treemaps to youtube videos using isotype symbols. 	two work-safe tidbits about archives and erotica first, via my associates at booktruck.org, i came across a review of the comic book demonslayer v. . , by a certain marat mychaels, et al. at comics should be good. while the fact that the reviewers pan the comic book seems only marginally of interest to those of us wading in archivy, i should draw your attention to a specific part of this issue. apparently one of the characters goes to visit the director of archives at the new york museum of natural history, who has chosen to decorate his office in the style of some seemingly life-sized works by (fellow peruvian) boris vallejo. secondly, everyone knows how much of a pain digital preservation is, particularly in terms of born-digital cultural materials. so, who should archivists and curators look to for guidance? kurt bollacker, digital research manager at the long now foundation (and formerly of the internet archive), holds up the pornography industry as a potential leader of the pack. 	possible archivesblogs downtime: software upgrade i finally noticed that feedwordpress, the plugin i use to maintain archivesblogs, has been updated within the last month to work with wordpress . and higher. i hope to get this working pretty soon, but i apologize in advance if it ends up going down for a few days. 	throwing out the baby, the bathwater, and the bathtub: the sad state of the archives and archivists listserv today, nancy beaumont, executive director of the society of american archivists, made an announcement on the archives & archivists listserv that saa would no longer retain the first thirteen years of posts from the listserv. during this time the listserv was hosted by miami university of ohio, and last september, the list was moved to an saa server. this stems from a decision made by saa council that they not retain the archives for three reasons: ) an appraisal decision informed by the saa's archives at the university of wisconsin - milwaukee, ) a consideration of administrative issues, and ) a consideration of cost. while the appraisal decision is well-informed by the claim that the list archives do not have evidential value as saa records, the belief that these records have little informational value does not sit well with me. the list archives document the development of archives becoming a stronger profession in the face of technology and the creation of a tight-knit social network. 	braindump i'm really behind on posting, and i apologize. there are a few action items that i should mention before i clear my brain to allow me to start posting things with actual content. archivesblogs moved, but mail to archivesblogs.com was not working for a while. a few people mentioned this to me, but i didn't get this resolved until just last week. after who knows how many attempts trying to get something posted on boing boing, i finally made it when i had more information about the hottest chili peppers in the world. i now have a food blog, so if you're interested, check it out. it's called feeding the hungry ghost. now that that stuff is out of the way, i can start posting about "important" things again, like my trip to georgia for code lib . 	tomato "foam"? i know, i know - you're probably thinking "foams are so over," regardless which side of the molecular gastronomy fence you sit on. if you're a fan of the strange powders and physical state changes of food, you might be saying "c'mon, everybody knows that espuma is the new foam!" yeah, right - and aire is the new espuma. they're all pretty much the same thing, and you've got to be bullshitting yourself if you think that adrià and his ilk don't know this already. if you're convinced that all this stuff is mumbo jumbo designed to take away from traditional technique, then fine. i don't particularly care either way. i made a foam that wasn't really a foam ... or was it? i was bored tonight when i was about to make supper for myself. yesterday i got a whole bunch of free samples from national starch, but i haven't really been able to do anything with them since i've left them sitting in my office. 	eatin' fresh and (mostly) raw i left work early yesterday for a doctor's appointment, which left little time for lunch. on the way there, i snacked on some almonds and raisins to tide me over. by the time i finally got done with the tests and consultation my stomach was making unholy groans that sounded like ghosts were plaguing my gi tract. since there were a few things i wanted to pick up anyhow, i headed to whole foods and stopped by the deli first to get a sandwich. for what it's worth, i got the "tuna niçoise" sandwich, which wasn't all that niçoise (it tasted alright, though). despite warnings of the possibility of olive pits listed on the wrapper, i couldn't find a single piece of olive anywhere close to it except in another area of the deli case. the sandwich was much larger than the amount of food i've become used to eating in one sitting, so i roamed the aisles stuffed to the gills with tuna, bread, green beans, and hardboiled eggs. 	adventures in fermentation: yogurt for beginners i decided somewhat spontaneously to make my own yogurt after casually reading about the process and realizing how incredibly simple it is. after consulting a wide variety of sources - both print and electronic, like any good information professional would - i set to the task at hand. mise en place a large stainless steel or aluminum saucepan a large stainless steel, aluminum, unglazed ceramic, or heat-resistant glass bowl a large wooden or stainless steel spoon a kitchen thermometer a heating pad towels a ladle containers for storing the finished yogurt ingredients quart of high-quality, organic milk pint of organic heavy cream (if so desired) / to / cup organic yogurt with live cultures (see below) some, but not all, of the directions that i read suggested that you sterilize all equipment before you begin making the yogurt by immersing it in boiling water. if you decide to do so, i would strongly suggest that you avoid using plastic containers to store the yogurt. 	archivesblogs on the move thanks to the wonderful people at ibiblio, archivesblogs will be changing hosts! if you're not familiar with ibiblio, it's one of the largest and oldest public digital library collections on the internet. in addition to the upcoming hosting of archivesblogs, ibiblio also hosts librarian.net and library web. pardon any interruptions in access given the impending move; everything should be settled within a few days. also, a few changes i've made to the backend should fix most of the continuing issues with certain feeds not aggregating. let me know if there are any problems that still occur. 	archivesblogs revamped after many late nights toiling away, i'm done with the latest version of archivesblogs. i've changed things quite a bit - most notably, i've switched platforms from plagger to wordpress using the feedwordpress plugin to do the heavy lifting of syndication. i've decided to do away with the old opml structure as well since the taxonomy wasn't as refined as i would have liked. instead, feedwordpress can categorize posts as they come in, which has allowed me to create a brand new taxonomy for archivesblogs based on language. each language can also have its own feed now. the one thing missing that i'm really itching to put back in place are the social bookmarking links; none of the plugins i've come across so far seem to like my theme, so i may just end up writing my own plugin. anyhow, please give me feedback - i'm itching to do more. 	is open data the point? i've been thinking about the biblioblogosphere's reaction to casey bisson's decision to use the $ , he was awarded by the mellon foundation for his work on wpopac to purchase lc bibliographic data and open it up to anyone who wanted to take a crack at it. yes, this is a "good thing," and valuable to the library community as a whole, but i feel like there are some things we're overlooking. dan chudnov and i seem to agree, but i'm not going to go so far to damn those who herald this as a "new era." it's a little premature to say where it will go, but i have to admit that i'm occasionally confused and often a little bit insulted by some of the talk surrounding this issue. i wonder how interesting all the bibliographic data of lc is to begin with. what's in the dump paid for by the mellon award money? i'd guess monographs and serials, and probably audiovisual materials. 	the state of open source archival management software it's been a while since i've written here, but other responsibilities at both at home and work have kept me busy. to get back into the swing of writing regularly, i thought i'd take a look at one of the biggest hot-button topics in archives this year: the development and release of open source archival management systems. between this year's and last year's saa conferences, there were three sessions that, at least in part, dealt with the development of open source software for archives. in turn, this reflected the three major projects that archivists have been developing: archivists' toolkit, archon, and ica-atom. archivists' toolkit is the oldest of the three projects; the first meeting and project proposal date from . it may very well be the best funded of the three projects, as it received a $ , grant from the mellon foundation. however, it also seems to be the least mature, in my opinion, as i've not seen a live demo that's publicly accessible. 	marac friday afternoon report the mid-atlantic archivists are in a brief recess between now and the final session of the day, and it's been thoroughly interesting to say the least. i missed the caucus meetings this morning, unfortunately, but the plenary session was well worth it because it's got the gears turning about archival access systems even though it wasn't directly about them. paul israel of the edison papers project spoke at length about edison's legacy and collaboration with others. the talk emphasized that thomas edison was much more than a great inventor and owed a great deal of his success to his entrepreneurial nature, which i didn't know much about. while we didn't get to see him give us an interactive presentation of the site, i noticed how exhaustive the digital edition was. while the architecture of the site is a little confusing for me, there's so much content i didn't know where to begin or even what to search for! the series notes are a great way to browse through the collection, though. 	morristown calling: marac fall meeting i'm at the westin governor morris in morristown, new jersey for the marac fall meeting. i just got back from visiting the morris museum with a few folks, and now i'm enjoying the (expensive) wireless connection here. this time around i don't know so many folks here, so shoot me an e-mail or comment if you're in attendance. expect a more detailed post soon; i'm exhausted from being up early to catch amtrak! 	library camp east post-mortem i know this post is well overdue, but the last few weeks have kept me extremely busy. library camp east was amazing; fun, thought-provoking, and inspiring. john blyberg and alan kirk gray (as well as the rest of the darien library staff) did a heck of a job preparing for all of us descending into the auditorium. they even gave me a cool mug that my co-workers envy. i also finally got to meet dan chudnov and casey bisson, whose blogs i've followed for a while now. jessamyn west and john posted nearly exhaustive lists of posts by lce attendees for reference. (for what it's worth, jessamyn also tips her hat to archivesblogs and apologizes for us not meeting at two conferences so far. i share the blame!) fortunately for my readers, i have precious little to add in terms of comments (although i tagged some library camp-related links on unalog). i actually was called into service to lead a session by accident (i happened to be scratching my nose), but i was happy enough to moderate the discussion on how techies and non-techies can learn to talk to each other. 	archivesblogs . after doing some frantic hacking this week i'm happy to announce that i've unveiled the second major revision to archivesblogs. other than a change in color, i have added the subscription list in the sidebar using a slightly modified version of dan mctough's optimal browser for opml.the opml file it renders is also the subscription list used by plagger. anyhow, let me know what you think. i'm sure there are some kinks that need to be ironed out. i'm off to library camp east early tomorrow (a : am train out of dc). i hope to write-up a post-mortem soon after. 	on what "archives blogs" are and what archivesblogs is not i had fully earmarked addressing thomas g. lannon's "archive blogs" post on documenting sources, his blog, for over a week now after discovering it in my requisite vanity search of technorati. other things (even reading) have kept me busy, though, hence the unintentional neglect. i've had plenty of time to reflect upon it at this point, so i might as well respond to some of his points. he first asks the following: what is an archive blog? this should be a crucial question as the growing field of "blogs about archives" offers up posts stretching from the recent saa conference to south carolina gamecocks. perhaps it would it be helpful to make a distinction between official blogs relating to news and services from archival repositories and personal blogs written by people who happen to work in archives? it is an important question indeed. when i came up with the idea for archivesblogs (and when i was still calling it " 	saa session proposal: the changing nature of description and opacs during the description section meeting at this year's saa conference, i made an informal proposal for a session concerning the changing nature of opacs, changes in the library cataloging world, and the impact of those on descriptive practice in archives and manuscript repositories. i'd like to invite any of you, if you're interested, to let me know if you'd be interested in assisting me with putting together a proposal on this topic. a small group of us met briefly after the description section meeting and discussed the possible formats and areas of discussion. we determined that a seminar-style discussion seemed most appropriate, with perhaps a brief presentation on a specific area presented by the panelists on a given aspect of these issues. possible areas for presentation and discussion include: the changing nature of the opac in the library world: open-source, problems with vendors, adding web . -like features (the "next generation of finding aids" session at this year's conference included good examples of this) the impact of changes at lc and the oclc/rlg merger: lc's decision to end creating series authority records, rumors of abandoning lcsh, decreased importance of cataloging in general to lc administrators, the future of nucmc and archivegrid the impact of meissner and greene's " 	coming soon: archivesblogs . ? after two weeks of use, plagger has proven itself to be pretty resilient. i've been asking myself how i can make archivesblogs even better, and i've finally got a few ideas. a site redesign. i'd like different colors. categorizing the feeds, e.g. separating blogs by individuals from repository blogs. this will probably end up with me creating a couple of plagger configurations and dumping them into different subdirectories on archivesblogs. better support for tags. it'd be nice to pull them out and have automagically linked technorati tags. scrubbing html from the feeds to create valid xhtml for the syndication page(s). plagger supports the perl module html::scrubber so it seems. this is a big deal to someone like me. adding a directory - most likely in opml - for as many blogs about archives and archivists as possible since it's just not possible to do that for some blogs using plagger. the most straightforward example are archives with blogs that are part of a library-wide blog and therefore don't have their own feeds. 	archivesblogs news: disappearing blogspot blogs archivesblogs has been going strong for over a week now. if you use blogspot and had a blog previously syndicated by archivesblogs, your content may be temporarily unsyndicated. the specific problem is http error, which seems to indicate a problem with a proxy server at blogspot. in any rate, they should return soon enough -- it would be nice to have the blogs back! 	archivesblogs update: service links i've upgraded plagger (the software behind archivesblogs) to the latest version and it's allowed me to add service links to del.icio.us, unalog, digg, reddit, and technorati. i suppose i could add more (ma.gnolia, furl, etc.), but i'll hold off doing that for the sake of cluttering the interface for the time being. if you have any service links you'd like to see, let me know and i might be able to hack something together. 	announcing archivesblogs since my last post about syndicating blogs about archives, i've played around with the idea and different software packages to do it, including planet and plagger. i'm happy to announce that after a few days work i was able to put something together. archivesblogs is an aggregator for blogs about archives. it runs plagger and updates hourly, outputting html, rss, atom, opml (for import into other aggregator), and a foafroll. the site design is simple, but i'm happy with it. i took whatever archives blogs i knew about and added them, so if you know of any others or you want yours removed, let me know. 	syndicating archives blogs i still haven't had enough time to process everything i took in or ideas i came up with as a result of the saa conference. many were more diligent than i and i'm sorry to say i didn't meet them, but some highlights follow: geof huth took notes on the saa awards ceremony, christie peterson pitted archon against archivist's toolkit, jessamyn west blogged about her session on blogs, peter van garderen discusses his experience at the conference including his session on archives and web . , and merrilee proffitt from rlg mentioned the blog session and rlg roundtable. i'm not even up to speed on the rest of the archival blogs out there. in a stroke of genius and madness i've got an idea that i may put into motion. i'm thinking about setting up an instance of planet, a python-powered web-based news aggregator. it's pretty common in the floss world, and has been picked up by the code lib folks; they're running theirs as planet code lib. 	report from saa: archival solidarity and international cooperation the archival solidarity session was really great and generated a lot of dialog. it was originally organized by nancy marrelli of concordia university (montréal), but she couldn't make it on account of a family emergency. trudy huskamp peterson led the discussion in her place and did a wonderful job. essentially, archival solidarity is a project involving the ica's section of professional associations that concerns "international archival development" through bilateral projects. there are several major issues at play. first, existing methods of international development are not working for archival projects, either because of bureaucracy in general or archives being of lower priority in comparison to needs such as sanitation, adequate health care, and the like. we identified that one of the most critical aspects is the lack of communication or methods to share information. there is no central "hub," formal or informal, that allows archivists to share information about assistance needed or offered. the international fund for archival development (fida), coordinated by the ica, was supposed to serve as such, but apparently operational issues prevent it from working effectively. 	report from saa: give me free wifi i'm at the hilton washington, the site of the saa conference. i've registered and picked up my free totebag. i, and others, have bemoaned the lack of connectivity in the conference area. wireless is only available in the lobby, so it seems, and it's rather pricy ($ . for hours or $ . for hours). i know archivists are often thought of as being technologically behind (whether we are is a pandora's box that i won't open in this post), but i feel that some sort of net access is necessary at every conference. i'm just barely able to get it through my cell phone, which is how i'm posting now. unfortunately, i get no reception on the conference floor so i needed to make my way up to the lobby anyhow. i missed the standards committee meeting since i was a little late and i didn't want to barge in since the doors were closed. it's nearly time for the archival solidarity session, which sounds interesting to me since i'd like to get involved in ica. 	conference time i'm one of several bloggers attending the saa conference the rest of this week. nothing against cosa or nagara, but i'm attending the conference for the organization to which i belong. my schedule is pretty packed, and if you're one of us be sure to attend the description section meeting since i'm running for vice-chair. 	socketscdr audio zine out soon! i'm going to be on the latest installment of the socketscdr audio zine, curated this time around by rebecca mills of the caution curves. sean, the socketscdr label honcho, just posted the cover artwork for it and it looks like a great line-up, including friends like the plums and stamen & pistils. this will be my first release in a while (other than the collab cd with myself, cotton museum, and actual birds on casanova temptations). more details will follow, naturally. 	upgrading kubuntu breezy to dapper upon hearing about yesterday's release of kubuntu . , i decided to upgrade from the previous release, kubuntu . . i'd like to say that it went off without a hitch, but it didn't. it did, however, go mostly well, and i realized that my problem was that i continued to use applications while adept installed the new packages. i couldn't install all the packages, and i ended up with a minorly disfunctional kernel that wouldn't allow ndiswrapper to load properly, preventing me from using my internal wireless card. once i rebooted (and used a spare pcmcia wireless card to gain connectivity), i was able to finish installing the rest of the packages that had not finished properly and rebooted again. everything pretty much worked, but i'm having to tweak some lost settings, most notably in kmail. other than that, it's been working out fine! 	rlg + oclc = clog roc? the technical services world has been in an uproar lately, between lc's decision to stop creating series authority records (particularly since they didn't consult pcc members beforehand) and the fallout after calhoun report. we might as well have another drink, because as librarian.net reports (along with several others), oclc and rlg are about to merge. it's mindblowing to think that rlg employees did not find out any sooner than the rest of us, and that either organization has yet to consult its members. however, rlg plans to do so, but it will be interesting to see how this pans out. in particular, some folks worried about the merging of data and the future of redlightgreen. i know it's not considerably better, but they seem to be overlooking open worldcat. 	change of platform nearly a year ago i switched from wordpress to drupal. i chose to switch back, partially because it was capable of doing way more than i needed it to! i thought i didn't want to be limited by blog software, but apparently that's not a terribly huge concern anymore. the old site had frightfully little content (three posts in dalliance, a few personal posts, and links to papers). i'm redoing my non-blog site with purls since i don't have access to an e-prints server to which i can upload my varied previous academic work. anyhow, the important stuff is soon to come, with dalliance possibly moving to another host (probably wordpress.com). anything linking to one of the papers or my code snippets will be edited as needed. 	an updated version of nick gerakines' mail rss.pl a little over a month ago, nick gerakines posted a perl script to be called from a procmail configuration file. it seemed to work pretty well, but the anal-retentive cataloger/standards geek in me decided to pass the results through a feed validator. it failed in a few key areas: missing version attribute in the rss tag, improper guid and link tags, and a pubdate with a non-rfc date. these all seemed pretty easy to fix, so i went ahead and made some changes. my fixes are a bit inelegant, but they create valid rss . . it was pretty trivial to add an rss version number and to fix the guid error; the latter just required adding the ispermalink="false" attribute to that tag. however, nick's original code required parsing the pubdate tags to determine when to kill data that was over hours old. i didn't want to be bothered parsing an rfc date with this, so i moved that information into a category tag. 	mid-november updates: dalliance off the ground! site changes galore! dc not bad! i've finally gotten around to doing some serious work on the site. i've completed the first post for my defunct blog, and it's about one of my favorite songwriters ever, dr. franklin bruno. i've also figured out some of the odd intricacies of drupal and am finally getting this site to have a look and feel of which i can be proud. i've settled in nicely to washington, dc, and i'm living in a decent area of town within a reasonable interest of a decent watering hole, groceries, and the metro. halloween has come and gone; i dressed up as everyone's favorite st. vitus dancer, ian curtis, complete with requisite noose. my friend corey took similar cues as far as the era and scope of his costume, and chose to dress up as henry rollins. the weather has stayed mostly warm, so i've been spoiled on that front too. more changes are coming soon, so stay alert. 	off on my way: in transition to washington, dc i'm pleased to announce that i will be joining the staff of the national anthropological archives and human studies film archives of the smithsonian institution's department of anthropology as a project archivist. i will have two initial primary responsibilities: cataloging plains indian ledger art for the non-profit artstor project, and original cataloging and bibliographic enhancement of audio, film and video collections in support of the naa's new endangered languages program. this program also collaborates with the university of utah's center for american indian languages and is also part of the documenting endangered languages project, supported by the national science foundation and the national endowment for the humanities. i will be starting work for the naa/hsfa on september , , and will be working on a month term contract. weeknote ( ) – librarian of things 	 		skip to content 		 			 				 					 											librarian of things 										 							 					 		 	 		 	 		weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		 § i don’t have much to report in regards to the work i’ve been doing this week. i tried to get our orcid-ojs plugin to work but there is some small strange bug that needs to be squished. luckily, next week i will have the benefit of assistance from the good people of crkn and orcid-ca. what else? i uploaded a bunch of files into our ir. i set up a site for an online-only conference being planned for next year. and i finally got around to trying to update a manuscript for potential publication. but this writing has been very difficult as my attention has been sent elsewhere many times this week. § unfortunately i wasn’t able to catch the live teach-in #againstsurveillance on tuesday but luckily the talks have been captured and made available at http://againstsurveillance.net/ so many of our platforms are designed to extract user data. but not all of them are. our institutions of higher education could choose to invest in free range ed-tech instead. § bonus links! 	making a hash out of knitting with data 	shannon_mattern’s library | zotero 	mystery file! share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 	 	 		author mita williamsposted on december , december , categories weeknotes			 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. required fields are marked * comment name * email * website 	 	 	 		post navigation 		previous previous post: weeknote ( ) 	 	 	 	 		about me 			librarian of things is a blog by me, mita williams, who used to blog at new jack librarian until blogger.com finally gave up the ghost. if you don’t have an rss reader, you can subscribe for email delivery through mailchimp. you can learn more about my work at aedileworks.com as well as my other blogs and my weekly newsletter. if you are an editor of a scholarly journal and think that a post could be expanded into a more academic form, please let me know. 		 	 		search for: 		 	 	search 		 		recent posts 			 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 	 					weeknote ( ) 									 		archives 				december 	november 	october 	september 	june 	may 	april 	october 	june 	may 	april 	march 	january 	july 	june 	may 	april 	december 	june 	may 	april 	november 	august 	july 			meta 			log in 	entries feed 	comments feed 	wordpress.org 			 		 		 			 			 			 								librarian of things 								 					proudly powered by wordpress				 			 		 	 	 				 the three tribes of the internet · maisonbisson menu close	home 	search subscribe ☰menuthe three tribes of the internet nov , #internet #hyperspace #law #governance #libertarian #corporate #nationalist #berkman klein center #harvard berkman centerauthors primavera de filippi, juan ortiz freuler, and joshua tan outline three competing narratives that have shaped the internet: libertarian, corporate, and nationalist. this matters because our physical lives are now deeply intertwined with and codependent on our internet activities. the latest information about covid regulations in many communities is first released on twitter, for example. a declaration is a political act, which describes what should be done. a narrative is a political tool, which elaborates on why it should be done. [these three narratives] emerged from a community of shared interests; each calls for a set of institutional arrangements; each endures in today’s politics. … with the evolution of the internet from a voluntary network of private actors mostly located in the developed west, to a global commons available to the public at large, it has become more and more important to develop a public network on privately-owned infrastructure. in its early days, the internet was regarded as a “public” infrastructure because of its permissionless nature. the web was neither owned nor controlled by any single individual or entity; it functioned through collective adherence to a common set of protocols and standards. later, as internet adoption burgeoned during the s (jumping from % adoption in the us to almost % by ) and as the internet became home to a wide range of private, commercial, and governmental online services, “public interest” considerations emerged, especially with regard to accessibility, free speech, privacy and security. by — with the publication of what is now regarded as the first “bill of digital rights” — cyberspace had already started to pick up the qualities of a public square, inspiring new analogies such as digital public parks and digital public infrastructure. the authors plotted each narrative or tribe across dimensions of centralization and state control. casey bisson's picturecasey bisson read more posts by this author. san francisco https://maisonbisson.com share this post twitter facebook pinterestevery journalist happy d.b. cooper day the legal case for emoji it's , and we need to fight for the future of the internet the problem with economies of scale interconnected, machine readable data, at scale you can identify a dog on the internet, but will you bother to? parents in vs. naming things is hard. naming people is harder. maisonbisson maisonbisson menu close	home 	search subscribe ☰menu     maisonbisson a bunch of stuff i would have emailed you about scroll downpage of older posts → every journalist ryu spaeth on the dirty job of journalism: [e]very journalist […] at some point will have to face the morally indefensible way we go about our business: namely, using other people to tell a story about the world. not everyone dupes their subjects into trusting them, but absolutely everyone robs other people of their stories to tell their own. every journalist knows this flushed feeling, a mix of triumph and guilt, of securing the story that will redound glory unto them, not the subject. some subjects who have no outlet, who are voiceless, approve of this arrangement, since they have no other way of getting their story heard. but even they will not wholly recognize their own depiction in the newspaper, by virtue of the fact that it was told by someone else with their own agenda. this is what jonathan franzen has called the “inescapable shame of being a storyteller”—that it involves stealing from another person, much in the way some people believe a photograph steals a bit of the sitter’s soul. casey bisson on #journalism, #reporting, #storytelling, dec the three tribes of the internet authors primavera de filippi, juan ortiz freuler, and joshua tan outline three competing narratives that have shaped the internet: libertarian, corporate, and nationalist. “[these narratives] emerged from a community of shared interests; each calls for a set of institutional arrangements; each endures in today’s politics.” » about words casey bisson on #internet, #hyperspace, #law, #governance, #libertarian, #corporate, #nationalist, #berkman klein center, #harvard berkman center, nov happy d.b. cooper day d.b. cooper day is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving, every year. casey bisson on #agent smith, #aircraft hijacking, #aviation accidents and incidents, #d.b. cooper, #fbi, #federal bureau of investigation, #festival, #hijackers, #hijacking, #mysteries, #skyjacking, nov vitaminwater's #nophoneforayear contest back in the before times, vitaminwater invited applicants to a contest to go a full year without a smartphone or tablet. it was partly in response to rising concerns over the effect of all those alerts on our brains. over , people clamored for the chance, but author elana a. mugdan’s entry stood out with an amusing video, and in february the company took away her iphone s and handed her a kyocera flip phone. » about words casey bisson on #vitaminwater, #nophoneforayear, #scrollfreeforayear, #smartphones, #ethical technology, #humane technology, nov membership-driven news media from the membership guide’s handbook/manifesto: journalism is facing both a trust crisis and a sustainability crisis. membership answers to both. it is a social contract between a news organization and its members in which members give their time, money, energy, expertise, and connections to support a cause that they believe in. in exchange, the news organization offers transparency and opportunities to meaningfully contribute to both the sustainability and impact of the organization. elsewhere it continues: membership is not subscription by another name, nor a brand campaign that can be toggled on and off. …and: memberful routines are workflows that connect audience members to journalism and the people producing it. routines are the basis for a strong membership strategy. notice that audience members are specified here, which is likely a wider group than your members. casey bisson on #membership, #journalism, #monetization, #publishers, #news organizations, #media, oct political bias in social media algorithms and media monetization models new reports reveal yet more structural political biases in consumption and monetization models. » about wordscasey bisson on #politics, #media, #algorithms, #monetization, #bias, #journalism, #social media, #news organizations, oct media monetization vs. internet advertising media face structural, regulatory, and technical hurdles to effectively monetizing with ads on the internet, but there are some solutions that are working. » about words casey bisson on #advertising, #ads, #media monetization, #monetization models, #media, #journalism, #news organizations, aug the argument against likes: aim for deeper, more genuine interactions sweet pea on the state of social media and dating apps: “we are not creating a healthy society when we’re telling millions of young people that the key to happy relationships is photo worthy of an impulsive right swipe.” » about words casey bisson on #likes, #social media, #dating apps, #social software, #signal, aug paid reactions: virtual awards and tipping reddit and twitch both allow members to pay for the privilege of reacting to other member's content with special awards or stickers. » about words casey bisson on #social media, #reactions, #paid reactions, #virtual awards, #tipping, #revenue, #reddit, #twitch, aug reactions facebook introduced reactions with an emphasis on both the nuance they enabled and the mobile convenience: “[i]f you are sharing something that is sad [...] it might not feel comfortable to like that post.” later: “commenting might afford nuanced responses, but composing those responses on a [mobile] keypad takes too much time.” » about words casey bisson on #reactions, #likes, #social media, #facebook, #instagram, aug “likes” vs. “faves” twitter switched from faves to likes in . “you might like a lot of things, but not everything can be your *favorite*,” they explained. weeks after the change, liking activity for existing users was up % and % for new users. » about words casey bisson on #likes, #faves, #social media, #twitter, #facebook, #microcopy, aug honey cocktails: eau de lavender liquor.com’s recipe for eau de lavender, from a larger collection of cocktails with honey. they all look and sound delightful, but i can vouch for the eau de lavender. ingredients 	 / oz tequila 	 / oz fresh lemon juice 	 / oz honey syrup 	 egg white 	 dash scrappy’s lavender bitters 	garnish: lavender sprig steps 	add all ingredients into a shaker and dry-shake (without ice). 	add ice and shake again to emulsify thoroughly. 	strain into a chilled coupe glass. 	garnish with a lavender sprig. 	honey syrup: add / cup honey and / cup water to a small saucepan over medium heat. (you can experiment and decide how much of a honey flavor you want in your syrup. the more honey you use, the thicker the syrup and stronger in flavor it will be.) stir until blended. strain into a jar and seal tightly with a lid. will keep for month in the refrigerator. ↩︎ casey bisson on #cocktails, #mixology, #honey, may satellite tracking if you’re not reading skyriddles blog, then you’re not tracking the sky above. and you might have missed the re-discovery of a satellite launched in and lost for nearly years. as it turns out, there’s a lot of stuff that’s been forgotten up there, and quite a bit that some are trying to hide. the blog is an entertaining view into the world satellites, including communication, spy, weather, research, and the occasional probe going further afield. casey bisson on #satellite tracking, #space, apr i'm missing restaurants now @nakedlunchsf was notable for having both a strong contender for the best burger in the city, _and_... casey bisson on #photo, #photoblog, #stayhome, #supportlocalbusiness, mar when unzip fails on macos with utf unzip can fail on macos when utf- chars are in the archive. the solution is to use ditto. via a github issue: ditto -v -x -k --sequesterrsrc --rsrc filename.zip destinationdirectory casey bisson on #zip, #unzip, #macos, #utf , feb tiktok vs. instagram zuckerberg describes tiktok as “almost like the explore tab that we have on instagram,” but connie chan suggests he's missing the deeper value of ai, and techcrunch's josh constantine suggests zuck is missing the bigger difference in intent on tiktok. » about words casey bisson on #tiktok, #instagram, #social media, #social software, #social networks, #social signals, #artificial intelligence, #ai, jan swipegram template benjamin lee’s instructions and downloadable template to make panoramic carousel instagrams (aka #swipegram), as illustrated via his animation above. » about words casey bisson on #instagram, #template, #swipegram, dec “it is clear that the books owned the shop... “it is clear that the books owned the shop rather than the other way about. everywhere they... casey bisson on #photo, #photoblog, #lovemaine, #portlandmaine, #mustbevancouver, #penderstreet, #downtownvancouver, dec “life is like riding a bicycle... “life is like riding a bicycle. to keep your balance, you must keep moving.” —wisdom by albert... casey bisson on #photo, #photoblog, #forahappymoment, #voreskbh, #visitcopenhagen, #buyfilmnotmegapixels, #ig_denmark, #fujipro h, #ishootfilm, #travelog, #filmisnotdead, #visitdenmark, #mytinyatlas, #pro h, #fuji, #believeinfilm, #københavn, #analoguepeople, #instapassport, #staybrokeshootfilm, #hasselblad, #igerscopenhagen, #flashesofdelight, #exploringtheglobe, nov notes about spotify creator features spotify often gets bashed by top creators. the service pays just $ . per stream, but with million users listening to an average of hours per month, those streams can add up for creators who can get the listener’s attention. spotify verifies artists who then get additional benefits on the platform. some artists find success the traditional route, some optimize their work for the system, others work the system…and some really work it. relevance to other network/aggregation platforms: tiny payments add up, and given a platform, creators will find a way to get and maximize value from it. the critical component is customers. casey bisson on #spotify, #creators, #social networks, #revenue, #aggregation, nov exiftool examples i use for encoding analog camera details i’m a stickler for detail and love to add exif metadata for my film cameras to my scanned images. these are my notes to self about the data i use most often. i only wish exif had fields to record the film details too. » about wordscasey bisson on #exiftool, #photography, #exif, #metadata, nov random notes on instagram delete your old photos, rebrand your page, and delete it entirely are all common advice. plus some tools and traps to be aware of. » about words casey bisson on #instagram, #social media, #photography, oct every media has its tastemakers and influencers every media, network, or platform has would-be influencers or promoters who can help connect consumers with creators. don’t mistake the value of these tastemakers, and be sure to find a place for them to create new value for your platform. » about wordscasey bisson on #spotify, #instagram, #social media, #social networks, #influencers, #tastemakers, oct storehouse: the most wonderful story sharing flop ever storehouse shuttered in summer , just a couple years after they launched, but the app and website introduced or made beautiful a few features that remain interesting now. » about wordscasey bisson on #storehouse, #photo sharing, #story sharing, #microblogging, #blogging, #social media, #user-generated content, #ugc, oct page of older posts →maisonbisson happy d.b. cooper day · maisonbisson menu close	home 	search subscribe ☰menuhappy d.b. cooper day nov , #agent smith #aircraft hijacking #aviation accidents and incidents #d.b. cooper #fbi #federal bureau of investigation #festival #hijackers #hijacking #mysteries #skyjackingd.b. cooper day is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving, every year. casey bisson's picturecasey bisson read more posts by this author. san francisco https://maisonbisson.com share this post twitter facebook pinterestthe three tribes of the internet vitaminwater's #nophoneforayear contest maisonbisson tie my hands, a song by lil wayne, robin thicke on spotify we and our partners use cookies to personalize your experience, to show you ads based on your interests, and for measurement and analytics purposes. by using our website and our services, you agree to our use of cookies as described in our cookie policy. × this browser doesn't support spotify web player. switch browsers or download spotify for your desktop. tie my hands by lil wayne, robin thicke • song, : play on spotify 	 . tie my hands - robin thicke : : featured on tha carter iii more by lil wayne 	 what's a goon to a goblin? 	 tha carter v (deluxe) 	 tha carter v (deluxe) 	 no ceilings 	 funeral (deluxe) more lil wayne listen to lil wayne now. listen to lil wayne in full in the spotify app play on spotify	 © © cash money records inc. 	 ℗ ℗ cash money records inc. legal privacy cookies about ads to play this content, you'll need the spotify app. get spotify open spotify you look like someone who appreciates good music. listen to all your favourite artists on any device for free or try the premium trial. play on spotify historic oregon newspapers skip to main content toggle navigation historic oregon newspapers 	home 	titles 	map 	locations 	calendar 	 about 	historical essays 	odnp blog 	k- resources 	current newspapers 	faq 	acknowledgements 	help 	contact search newspaper pages go advanced search welcome welcome to historic oregon newspapers. on this site you can search and access complete content for historic oregon newspapers that have been digitized as part of the oregon digital newspaper program (odnp). this full-text searchable database contains over , , pages from oregon newspapers dated - , and we are continually adding new titles. 	 to see all titles on this site, check out the titles page. 	 you can also browse titles by city in the map and locations sections. 	 to search the text of the newspapers, use the search box or advanced search option. 	 for more help on using the site, visit our help section. odnp is committed to providing free online access to historic oregon newspapers. this is made possible with the support of federal and state grants, the uo libraries, and through private donations. become a partner or contribute. this day in history the oregon statesman. dec. , university of oregon libraries kincaid street eugene, or -   © university of oregon. all rights reserved. 			 		skip to content 				 			 				 		 			 		 						 					 				 				 		 menu 		 					 					home 	services 	services overview 	site audit service 	training and education 	vocabulary extension 	blog 	about 	founder 	contact 			 	 					 						 		 		 				 					 					structured data / schema.org site audit service launched check out our new fixed price service to find out how your site is performing! 					 						 							find out more 							 						 					 				 		 			 				 				 		 	 			 	 		data value 			liberating business, social, economic, enterprise, and financial value from data of all types delivers benefits to the media, governments, commerce, academia and individuals. data liberate, and its founder richard wallis, focus on introducing, simplifying, and demystifying, these often superficially complex techniques and technologies. advice, guidance, evaluation, training, consultancy services, writing, podcasting, conference keynotes and presentations are some of the ways that data liberate can help you and your organisation identify and release value from your data, within the enterprise and on the public web of data 		 recent postings from the blog… 	 	 		 			library metadata evolution: the final mile 			 				posted on may , may , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	when schema.org arrived on the scene i thought we might have arrived at the point where library metadata  could finally blossom; adding value outside of library systems to help library curated resources become first class citizens, and hence results, in the global web we all inhabit.  but as yet it has not happened. read more ... 		 			posted in bibframe, data liberate, knowledge graph, libraries, schema.org, structured datatagged bibframe schema.org, libraries, library of congress comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			something for archives in schema.org 			 				posted on april , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	the recent release of the schema.org vocabulary (version . ) includes new types and properties, proposed by the w c schema architypes community group, specifically target at facilitating the web sharing of archives data to aid discovery. when the group, which i have the privilege to chair, approached the challenge of building a proposal to make schema.org useful for archives, it was identified that the vocabulary could be already used to describe the things & collections that you find in archives.  what was missing was the ability to identify the archive holding organisation, and the fact that an item is being held … read more ... 		 			posted in archives, data publishing, linked data, schema.org, webtagged archives, schema.orgleave a comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			bibframe – schema.org – chocolate teapots 			 				posted on august , august , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	in a session at the ifla wlic in kuala lumpur – my core theme being that there is a need to use two [linked data] vocabularies when describing library resources — bibframe for cataloguing and [linked] metadata interchange — schema.org for sharing on the web for discovery. read more ... 		 			posted in bibframe, libraries, linked data, marc, schema.org, structured datatagged libraries, linked data, schema.orgleave a comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			schema.org introduces defined terms 			 				posted on june , june , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	do you have a list of terms relevant to your data? things such as subjects, topics, job titles, a glossary or dictionary of terms, blog post categories, ‘official names’ for things/people/organisations, material types, forms of technology, etc. read more ... 		 			posted in data publishing, schema.org, uncategorizedtagged #linkeddata, schema.org, seo comments		 		 	 	 	 		 			schema.org significant updates for tourism and trips 			 				posted on june , june , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	the latest release of schema.org ( . ) includes some significant enhancements for those interested in marking up tourism, and trips in general. for tourism markup two new types touristdestination and touristtrip have joined the already useful touristattraction read more ... 		 			posted in data publishing, knowledge graph, schema.org, seo, tourism, webtagged schema.org, seo, tourismleave a comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			the three linked data choices for libraries 			 				posted on may , may , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	we are [finally] on the cusp of establishing a de facto linked data approach for libraries and their system suppliers – not there yet but getting there. we have a choice between bibframe . , schema.org, linky marc and doing nothing. read more ... 		 			posted in bibframe, data publishing, libraries, linked data, marc, schema.org, semantic web, structured datatagged bibframe, libraries, linked data, marc, schema.ogleave a comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			structured data: helping google understand your site 			 				posted on november , may , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	add schema.org structured data to your pages because during indexing, we will be able to better understand what your site is about. read more ... 		 			posted in data publishing, google, linked data, schema.org, structured data		 		 	 	 	 		 			schema.org for tourism 			 				posted on september , june , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	these touristattraction enhancements have significantly improved the capability for describing tourist attractions and hopefully enabling more tourist discoveries read more ... 		 			posted in data publishing, schema.org, seo, tourismtagged linkeddata, schema.org, seo, tourism comment		 		 	 	 	 		 			schema.org: describing global corporations local cafés and everything in-between 			 				posted on september , may , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	there have been  discussions in schema.org about the way organizations their offices, branches and other locations can be marked up; they exposed a lack of clarity in the way to structure descriptions of organizations and their locations, offices, branches , etc. to address that lack of clarity i thought it would be useful to share some examples here. read more ... 		 			posted in data publishing, schema.org, seotagged schema.og, seo		 		 	 	 	 		 			a discovery opportunity for archives? 			 				posted on june , june , by richard wallis			 					 						 	 	 									 		 		 	so why am i now suggesting that there maybe an opportunity for the discovery of archives and their resources? read more ... 		 			posted in archives, linked data, open data, schema.orgtagged #linkeddata, archives, schema.orgleave a comment		 		 	 	 	 			 	 			 			 		follow 	 		 			 			twitter 		 	 	 		 			 			linkedin 	 	 	 		 			 			rss 	 	 	 client engagements 	 		developer advocate at 		working on: 		 	 	 	 		schema.org/bibframe education, consultancy, & implementation for: 		 			 		 		 	 	 	 		technology evangelist and advisor for: 	 	 	 		 schema.org consultancy for europeana 	 	 	 		fibo schema.org working group 	 	 	 		 schema.org consultancy for the british library 	 	 	 		schema.org consultancy for: 		 			 		 	 w c community groups bibframe schema.org - chair schema bib extend - chair schema architypes - chair tourism structured web data - co-chair schema course extension financial industry business ontology 	sport schema tweets data liberate @dataliberate #structureddata https://t.co/cch oectub (about days ago) data liberate @dataliberate post: library metadata evolution: the final mile? https://t.co/cibwjuf o many of the elements of this process are… https://t.co/a ddjxvpmz (about days ago) data liberate @dataliberate post: something for archives in https://t.co/ kzbg oj archives focussed additions in new #schema.org ( . ) versi… https://t.co/ qxispxmm (about days ago) follow @dataliberate speaking calandar archives 				may 	april 	august 	june 	may 	november 	september 	june 	september 	august 	march 	february 	august 	june 	april 	december 	september 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	illegal aliens -- services for 	illegal aliens -- united states used for:	aliens, illegal 	illegal immigration 	undocumented aliens 	illegal immigrants 	illegal aliens -- legal status, laws, etc 	undocumented immigrants 	 filed under: illegal aliens -- civil rights -- united states	 the september detainees: a review of the treatment of aliens held on immigration charges in connection with the investigation of the september attacks, by united states department of justice (pdf at justice.gov) filed under: illegal aliens -- government policy -- switzerland	 undocumented migrants and healthcare: eight stories from switzerland (cambridge, uk: open book publishers, c ), by marianne jossen (pdf and html with commmentary at open book publishers) filed under: illegal aliens -- health and hygiene -- switzerland -- case studies	 undocumented migrants and healthcare: eight stories from switzerland (cambridge, uk: open book publishers, c ), by marianne jossen (pdf and html with commmentary at open book publishers) filed under: illegal aliens -- services for -- united states -- costs	 local fiscal effects of illegal immigration: report of a workshop, ed. by barry edmonston and ronald demos lee (page images at nap) filed under: illegal aliens -- united states	 problems and options in estimating the size of the illegal alien population: report to the chairman of the subcommittee on immigration and refugee policy of the committee on the judiciary, united states senate (gao/ipe- - , ), by united states general accounting office and united states. congress. senate. committee on the judiciary (page images at hathitrust) 	 undocumented workers: are they the problem? (new american movement pamphlet, ), by glenn scott (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 legal immigration: setting priorities (report to congress; ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform, contrib. by barbara jordan (page images at hathitrust) 	 u.s. immigration policy: restoring credibility (jordan commission interim report to congress; ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform, contrib. by barbara jordan (page images at hathitrust) items below (if any) are from related and broader terms. filed under: alien detention centers -- united states	 jailed without justice: immigration detention in the usa (ca. ), by amnesty international (pdf at amnestyusa.org) filed under: aliens	 the stranger: a study in social relationships (new york: columbia university press; london: p.s. king and son, ), by margaret mary wood (page images at hathitrust) filed under: foreign workers -- france -- history -- th century	 immigrant workers in industrial france: the making of a new laboring class (originally published ; this edition philadelphia: temple university press, ), by gary s. cross, contrib. by nancy l. green (multiple formats with commentary at temple) filed under: aliens -- great britain	 a defence of the alien immigrant; objections to the aliens bill ( ), by board of deputies of british jews (multiple formats at archive.org) filed under: aliens -- great britain -- social conditions	 enduring uncertainty: deportation, punishment and everyday life (new york and oxford: berghahn books, ), by ines hasselberg	 pdf with commentary at oapen.org 	 page images at hathitrust filed under: foreign workers -- great britain	 do we need mass immigration? the economic, demographic, environmental, social and developmental arguments against large-scale net immigration to britain (c ), by anthony browne (pdf at civitas) filed under: aliens -- legal status, laws, etc. -- great britain	 enduring uncertainty: deportation, punishment and everyday life (new york and oxford: berghahn books, ), by ines hasselberg	 pdf with commentary at oapen.org 	 page images at hathitrust filed under: aliens -- hawaii -- oahu -- history	 the japanese conspiracy: the oahu sugar strike of (berkeley: university of california press, c ), by masayo duus, ed. by peter duus, trans. by beth cary (frame-dependent html with commentary at uc press) filed under: aliens -- indiana -- gary	 juvenile delinquency and adult crime: certain associations of juvenile delinquency and adult crime in gary, ind., with special reference to the immigrant population (indiana university studies # ; ), by edna hatfield edmondson (page images at hathitrust) filed under: foreign workers -- legal status, laws, etc. -- russia (federation) -- sochi	 race to the bottom: exploitation of migrant workers ahead of russia's winter olympic games in sochi (new york: human rights watch, c ), by jane buchanan (pdf and illustrated html with commentary at hrw.org) filed under: foreign workers -- legal status, laws, etc. -- united states	 close to slavery: guestworker programs in the united states (updated edition; montgomery, al: southern poverty law center, ), by mary bauer and meredith stewart (html and pdf with commentary at splcenter.org) filed under: aliens -- turkey	 the capitulatory régime of turkey: its history, origin, and nature (baltimore, the johns hopkins press, ), by nasim sousa (page images at hathitrust) filed under: aliens -- united states	 becoming an american: immigration and immigrant policy (final commission report to congress; ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform (page images at hathitrust) 	 becoming an american: immigration and immigrant policy ( ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform (pdf files at texas) 	 the confession of a hyphenated american, by edward alfred steiner (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 our country: or, the american parlor keepsake (boston: j. m. usher, c ), ed. by w. h. ryder (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 address of the delegates of the native american national convention, assembled at philadelphia, july th, , to the citizens of the united states, by native american party (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 aliens or americans? (dayton, oh: home missionary society of the united brethren church, c ), by howard b. grose, contrib. by josiah strong (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 aliens or americans? (new york: presbyterian home missions, ), by howard b. grose, contrib. by josiah strong	 multiple formats at archive.org 	 page images at hathitrust 	 aliens or americans? (new york: eaton and mains; et al., c ), by howard b. grose, contrib. by josiah strong (gutenberg text and illustrated html) 	 exclude aliens in the enumeration of the census for the purposes of apportionment: hearings before the united states house committee on the judiciary, seventy-first congress, third session, on h.j. res. , , , and , serial , jan. , , , , , by united states house committee on the judiciary (page images at hathitrust) 	 native-americanism detected and exposed (boston: printed for the author, ), by richard hildreth (multiple formats at archive.org) 	 alien census count: hearing before a subcommitee of the committee on the judiciary, united states senate, seventy-ninth congress, first session, on s.j. res. , a joint resolution proposing to amend the constitution of the united states to exclude aliens in counting the whole number of persons in each state for apportionment of representatives among the several states (washington: gpo, ), by united states senate committee on the judiciary (page images at hathitrust) 	 americans of foreign birth in the war program for victory, by earl grant harrison (pdf page images at msu) 	 chivalry, slavery, and young america (new york: f. a. brady, ), by john burke (multiple formats at archive.org) filed under: green cards	 diversity visa program: hearing before the subcommittee on immigration, border security, and claims of the committee on the judiciary, house of representatives, one hundred ninth congress, first session, june , (washington: gpo, ), by united states house committee on the judiciary (page images at hathitrust) 	 diversity visa program and its susceptibility to fraud and abuse: hearing before the subcommittee on immigration, border security, and claims of the committee on the judiciary, house of representatives, one hundred eighth congress, second session, april , (washington: gpo, ), by united states house committee on the judiciary (page images at hathitrust) filed under: aliens -- united states -- poetry	 know nothing: a poem for natives and aliens (boston: j. p. jewett and co.; cleveland: jewett, proctor, and worthington, ), by samuel r. phillips (multiple formats at archive.org) filed under: corporations, foreign -- united states	 multinationals and the u.s. technology base: final report of the multinationals project (ota-ite- ; ), by united states congress office of technology assessment	 page images at hathitrust 	 pdf files at princeton filed under: corporations, foreign -- government policy -- united states	 multinationals and the national interest: playing by different rules (ota-ite- ; ), by united states congress office of technology assessment	 page images at hathitrust 	 pdf files at princeton filed under: foreign workers -- united states	 the new americans: economic, demographic, and fiscal effects of immigration ( ), ed. by james p. smith and barry edmonston (page images and partial html at nap) 	 hidden slaves: forced labor in the united states ( ), by free the slaves (organization) and university of california berkeley human rights center (pdf at cornell) 	 legal immigration: setting priorities (report to congress; ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform, contrib. by barbara jordan (page images at hathitrust) 	 u.s. immigration policy: restoring credibility (jordan commission interim report to congress; ), by u.s. commission on immigration reform, contrib. by barbara jordan (page images at hathitrust) filed under: foreign workers, mexican -- united states	 undocumented workers: are they the problem? (new american movement pamphlet, ), by glenn scott (multiple formats at archive.org) filed under: foreign workers -- government policy -- united states	 close to slavery: guestworker programs in the united states (updated edition; montgomery, al: southern poverty law center, ), by mary bauer and meredith stewart (html and pdf with commentary at splcenter.org) filed under: refugee property, palestinian -- israel	 arab property in israeli-controlled territories: israeli measures for the disposal of arab property (fourth edition; new york: arab information center, ), by fayez a. sayegh (page images at hathitrust) 	 arab property in israeli-controlled territories: israeli measures for the disposal of arab property (second edition; new york: arab information center, ), by fayez a. sayegh (page images at hathitrust) filed under: foreign workers -- united arab emirates	 building towers, cheating workers: exploitation of migrant construction workers in dubai (new york: human rights watch, ), by hadi ghaemi (illustrated html and pdf with commentary at hrw.org) filed under: repatriation -- bosnia and herzegovina	 bosnia-herzgovina, all the way home: safe "minority returns" as a just remedy and for a secure future ( ), by amnesty international (pdf at amnesty.org) filed under: repatriation -- el salvador	 from madness to hope: the -year war in el salvador: report of the commission on the truth for el salvador ( ), by united nations commission on the truth (html at derechos.org) filed under: repatriation -- palestine	 palestinian refugees: challenges of repatriation and development (ottawa: international development research centre, ), ed. by rex brynen and roula el-rifai (pdf and html with commentary at idrc.ca) filed under: cultural property -- repatriation	 claiming the stones, naming the bones: cultural property and the negotiation of national and ethnic identity (los angeles: getty research institute, c ), ed. by elazar barkan and ronald bush (page images and pdf with commentary at getty.edu and google) more items available under broader and related terms at left. help with reading books -- report a bad link -- suggest a new listing home -- search -- new listings -- authors -- titles -- subjects -- serials books -- news -- features -- archives -- the inside story edited by john mark ockerbloom (onlinebooks@pobox.upenn.edu) obp copyrights and licenses. ftl: request library links ftl: forward to libraries request links for your library would you like to enable links to your library's resources from sites like the online books page and wikipedia? if you tell us a little about your library, and we can work out how to link to its catalog or discovery application, you'll be able to follow links from selected wikipedia articles, and online books page subjects, authors, and titles, to find similar titles that your library offers. 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university (turku and vaasa) france	 aix marseille université (aix-en-provence, marseille, and vicinity) 	 bnf: bibliothèque nationale de france (paris; english searches may give imprecise or limited results) 	 sudoc (french academic libraries; english searches may give limited results) germany	 humboldt-universität zu berlin (berlin; english search terms may give limited results) ghana	 kwame nkrumah university of science and technology (kumasi) 	 university of cape coast, sam jonah library (cape coast) hong kong	 city university of hong kong (hong kong) india	 south asian university: sau library (new delhi) 	 university of kashmir (srinigar) indonesia	 universitas indonesia library (depok; english searches may give limited results) ireland	 dublin institute of technology (dublin) 	 institute of technology tallaght (dublin; local access only) 	 libraries ireland (shared catalog for ireland public libraries) 	 national library of ireland (dublin) 	 national university of ireland, galway (galway) 	 trinity college dublin (dublin) 	 university of limerick (limerick) israel	 national library of israel (jerusalem) italy	 museo galileo library (florence) 	 opac sbn (italian academic libraries; english searches may give imprecise or limited results) kenya	 kenyatta university (nairobi) 	 kisii university (kisii) 	 university of eastern africa, baraton (eldoret; local access only?) 	 university of nairobi (nairobi) latvia	 national library of latvia (riga) lithuania	 vytautas magnus university (kaunas) mexico	 tecnológico de monterrey (monterrey) namibia	 university of namibia (windhoek and other campuses) netherlands	 leiden university libraries (leiden) 	 utrecht university library (utrecht) new zealand	 te puna (combined catalogue of new zealand libraries) nigeria	 american university of nigeria (yola) 	 university of nigeria, nnamdi azikiwe library (nsukka) norway	 bibsys oria (many research libraries in norway) pakistan	 university of sargodha, central library (sargodha; english search terms may give limited results) poland	 university of warsaw library (warsaw) qatar	 vcuqatar (doha) saudi arabia	 king saud university (riyadh; english search terms may give limited results) singapore	 nanyang technological university (singapore) 	 national library board (onesearch) (various libraries and archives in singapore) 	 national university of singapore libraries (singapore) 	 singapore institute of management (singapore) 	 singapore management university (singapore) 	 singapore university of technology and design (singapore) south africa	 durban university of technology (durban and pietermaritzburg) 	 mangosuthu university of technology (umlazi) 	 national library of south africa (pretoria) 	 nelson mandela university (port elizabeth) 	 rhodes university (makhanda) 	 university of fort hare (alice and other campuses) 	 university of limpopo libraries (turfloop and medunsa) 	 university of south africa (pretoria and other campuses) 	 university of the witwatersrand (wits) (johannesburg) 	 walter sisulu university (mthatha and other campuses) spain	 biblioteca nacional de españa (madrid; english search terms may give limited results) sweden	 libris ( research libraries in sweden; english search coverage may vary) 	 stockholms stadsbibliotek (stockholm; english search terms may give limited results) switzerland	 swissbib (union catalog of swiss libraries; english search coverage may vary) taiwan	 national library of public information (taichung; english search terms may give limited results) 	 taipei public library (taipei) trinidad and tobago	 university of the west indies (st. augustine and other campuses) turkey	 bilkent university library (ankara) 	 bogazici university library (istanbul) uganda	 kyambogo university (kampala) 	 uganda christian university (mukono) united kingdom	 abertay university (dundee, scotland) 	 anglia ruskin university (cambridge, chelmsford, and peterborough, england) 	 angus libraries (public libraries in angus, scotland) 	 bangor university (bangor, wales) 	 blackburn with darwen libraries (blackburn, darwen, and vicinity, england) 	 brighton and hove libraries (brighton and hove, england) 	 british library (london, england) 	 buckinghamshire county libraries (buckinghamshire, england) 	 copac ( + academic, national and specialist libraries in the uk and ireland) 	 cambridge university library (cambridge, england) 	 camden libraries (london borough of camden, england) 	 cardiff libraries (cardiff, wales) 	 cardiff university and nhs wales libraries (cardiff and elsewhere in wales) 	 city of york libraries and archives (york, england) 	 cornwall council libraries ( + public libraries in cornwall, england) 	 coventry university (coventry, england) 	 cranfield university (bedfordshire, england) 	 de montfort university (leicester, england) 	 east sussex libraries ( libraries in east sussex, england) 	 edinburgh city libraries (edinburgh, scotland) 	 essex libraries (essex county, england) 	 fife library catalogue (public libraries in fife, scotland) 	 glasgow libraries (glasgow, scotland) 	 goldsmiths, university of london (london, england) 	 gwynedd libraries (gwynedd, wales) 	 lambeth libraries (london borough of lambeth, england) 	 leeds libraries (leeds, england) 	 leicester libraries (leicester, england) 	 libraries ni (public libraries in northern ireland) 	 librarieswest (bath, bristol, somerset, and s. gloucester areas, england) 	 library of birmingham (birmingham, england) 	 liverpool libraries (liverpool, england) 	 london metropolitan university (london, england) 	 london school of economics and political science (london, england) 	 luton libraries (luton) 	 manchester city libraries (manchester, england) 	 medway libraries (medway, england) 	 moray libraries ( public libraries in moray, scotland) 	 national library of wales (aberystwyth, wales) 	 newcastle libraries (newcastle upon tyne, england) 	 newcastle university (newcastle upon tyne, england) 	 norfolk libraries (norfolk county, england) 	 nottingham city and nottinghamshire county libraries (nottingham and vicinity, england) 	 plymouth university (plymouth, england) 	 reading borough libraries (reading, england) 	 redbridge libraries (london borough of redbridge, england) 	 rochdale libraries (rochdale metropolitan borough, england) 	 senate house libraries, university of london (london, england) 	 sheffield libraries, archives and information (sheffield and vicinity, england) 	 shropshire health libraries (hospital libraries in shrewsbury, telford, and oswestry) 	 southwark libraries (london borough of southwark, england) 	 staffordshire university library (stoke on trent and other campuses, england) 	 stirling libraries (stirling and vicinity, scotland) 	 swansea libraries (swansea, wales) 	 swansea university libraries (swansea, wales) 	 the london library (london, england) 	 university college london (london, england) 	 university of birmingham (birmingham, england) 	 university of huddersfield (huddersfield, barnsley, and oldham, england) 	 university of hull (hull, england) 	 university of leeds (leeds, england) 	 university of leicester (leicester, england) 	 university of manchester (manchester, england) 	 university of oxford (oxford, england) 	 university of south wales (pontypridd, cardiff, and newport) 	 university of strathclyde (glasgow, scotland) 	 university of sussex (brighton, england) 	 university of wales trinity saint david (carmarthen, wales, and other campuses) 	 university of warwick (coventry, england) 	 university of westminster (london, england) 	 university of the arts london (london, england) 	 wellcome library (london, england) 	 west sussex libraries (west sussex, england) 	 westminster libraries (city of westminster, london, england) 	 zoological society of london (london, england) united statesjump to al - ak - az - ar - ca - co - ct - de - dc - fl - ga - hi - id - il - in - ia - ks - ky - la - me - md - ma - mi - mn - ms - mo - mt - ne - nv - nh - nj - nm - ny - nc - nd - oh - ok - or - pa - pr - ri - sc - sd - tn - tx - ut - vt - vi - va - wa - wv - wi - wy 	 alabama	 alabama a&m university (normal) 	 alabama state university (montgomery) 	 auburn public library (auburn) 	 auburn university (auburn) 	 baldwin county library cooperative (public libraries in baldwin county) 	 decatur public library (decatur) 	 dothan houston county library system (dothan and vicinity) 	 florence-lauderdale public library (florence) 	 huntsville-madison county public library (huntsville and vicinity) 	 jefferson county library cooperative (birmingham and vicinity) 	 lewis cooper jr. memorial library (opelika) 	 mobile public library (mobile) 	 montgomery city-county public library (montgomery) 	 tuscaloosa public library (tuscaloosa) 	 tuskegee university libraries (tuskegee institute) 	 university of alabama libraries (tuscaloosa) 	 university of alabama at birmingham libraries (birmingham) 	 alaska	 alaska state court law library (anchorage and other branches) 	 alaska state library catalog (various libraries in southeast and south-central alaska) 	 anchorage public library (anchorage) 	 consortium library: university of alaska anchorage, alaska pacific university (anchorage) 	 fairbanks north star borough public libraries (fairbanks and vicinity) 	 first city libraries (ketchikan) 	 haines borough public library (haines borough) 	 juneau public libraries (juneau) 	 matanuska-susitna library network (matanuska-susitna borough) 	 petersburg public library (petersburg) 	 unalaska public library (unalaska) 	 arizona	 arizona state university libraries (tempe and other campuses) 	 chandler public library (chandler) 	 flagstaff city-coconino county public library (flagstaff) 	 glendale public library (glendale) 	 mesa public library (mesa) 	 northern arizona university, cline library (flagstaff) 	 phoenix public library (phoenix) 	 pima county public library (tucson and vicinity) 	 scottsdale public library (scottsdale) 	 university of arizona libraries (tucson) 	 arkansas	 bentonville public library (bentonville) 	 central arkansas library system (little rock; pulaski and perry counties) 	 fayetteville public library (fayetteville) 	 fort smith public library (fort smith) 	 university of arkansas (fayetteville) 	 university of arkansas at little rock (little rock) 	 california	 alameda county library (east bay communities south of oakland) 	 anaheim public library (anaheim) 	 benecia public library (benecia) 	 berkeley public library (berkeley) 	 butte county library (butte county) 	 california lutheran university (thousand oaks) 	 california polytechnic state university (san luis obispo) 	 california state university, east bay (hayward and concord) 	 california state university, fresno (fresno state) (fresno) 	 california state university, northridge (csun) (northridge) 	 california state university, sacramento (sacramento state) (sacramento) 	 caltech library, california institute of technology (pasadena) 	 chula vista public library (chula vista) 	 city college of san francisco (san francisco) 	 claremont colleges library (claremont) 	 contra costa library (contra costa county) 	 county of los angeles public library (most of los angeles county outside the city of los angeles) 	 cypress college (cypress) 	 de anza college (cupertino) 	 dixon public library (dixon) 	 el centro public library (el centro) 	 fresno county public library (fresno and vicinity) 	 glendale community college (glendale) 	 golden west college (huntington beach) 	 holy names university (oakland) 	 humboldt county public library (eureka and vicinity) 	 humboldt state university (arcata) 	 imperial valley college (imperial) 	 kern county library (bakersfield and vicinity) 	 link+ union catalog (cooperating libraries in california and nevada) 	 lodi public library (lodi) 	 long beach public library (long beach) 	 los angeles public library (los angeles) 	 loyola marymount university (los angeles) 	 marinet (public libraries in marin county) 	 monterey public library (monterey) 	 mountain view public library (mountain view) 	 napa county library (napa county) 	 newport beach public library (newport beach) 	 oc public libraries (orange county) 	 oakland public library (oakland) 	 occidental college (los angeles) 	 pacific grove public library (pacific grove) 	 pacific union college (angwin) 	 palo alto city library (palo alto) 	 pasadena public library (pasadena) 	 peninsula library system (san mateo county) 	 riverside county library system (riverside county outside of riverside) 	 riverside public library (riverside) 	 roseville public library (roseville) 	 sacramento public library (sacramento and vicinity) 	 saint mary's college of california (moraga) 	 salinas public library (salinas) 	 san diego county library (san diego county outside the city of san diego) 	 san diego public library (san diego) 	 san diego state university (san diego) 	 san francisco public library (san francisco) 	 san jose public library (san jose) 	 san jose state university (san jose) 	 san leandro public library (san leandro) 	 santa clara city library (santa clara) 	 santa clara county library district (parts of santa clara county) 	 santa monica college library (santa monica) 	 santa monica public library (santa monica) 	 sausalito public library (sausalito; member of marinet) 	 solano county library (solano county) 	 sonoma county library (santa rosa and vicinity) 	 sonoma state university library (rohnert park) 	 st. helena public library (st. helena) 	 stanford university libraries (stanford) 	 stanislaus county library (modesto and vicinity) 	 sunnyvale public library (sunnyvale) 	 tulare county library (visalia and vicinity) 	 ucla: university of california los angeles (los angeles) 	 ucsd: university of california san diego (la jolla) 	 usc: university of southern california (los angeles) 	 university of california berkeley (berkeley) 	 university of california davis (davis) 	 university of california irvine (irvine) 	 university of california libraries (all uc campuses) 	 university of california riverside (riverside) 	 university of california santa barbara (santa barbara) 	 whittier college (whittier) 	 yolo county library (yolo county) 	 colorado	 arapahoe libraries (arapahoe county) 	 bemis public library (littleton) 	 boulder public library (boulder) 	 colorado alliance of research libraries: prospector (various libraries in or near colorado) 	 colorado state university (fort collins) 	 denver public library (denver) 	 douglas county libraries (douglas county) 	 jefferson county public library (jefferson county) 	 longmont public library (longmont) 	 pikes peak library district (colorado springs, and el paso county) 	 poudre river public library district (fort collins) 	 summit county library (frisco, silverthorne, and breckenridge) 	 united states air force academy (colorado springs) 	 university of colorado boulder (boulder) 	 connecticut	 bridgeport library (bridgeport) 	 central connecticut state university (new britain) 	 connecticut college (new london) 	 connecticut state library (hartford and other locations) 	 cyrenius h. booth library (newtown) 	 danbury library (danbury) 	 darien library (darien) 	 eastern connecticut state university (willimantic) 	 edsel ford memorial library, hotchkiss school (lakeville) 	 greenwich library (greenwich) 	 hartford public library (hartford) 	 library connection inc. (greater hartford suburban libraries) 	 new haven free public library (new haven) 	 norwalk public library system (norwalk) 	 quinnipiac university (hamden) 	 silas bronson library (waterbury) 	 southern connecticut state university (new haven) 	 the ferguson library (stamford) 	 trinity college (hartford) 	 united states coast guard academy (new london) 	 university of connecticut (storrs and other campuses) 	 wesleyan university (middletown) 	 western connecticut state university (danbury) 	 westport library (westport) 	 yale university (new haven) 	 delaware	 delaware library catalog (public libraries statewide) 	 delaware state university (dover) 	 university of delaware library (newark) 	 wilmington university library (new castle) 	 district of columbia	 american university (washington) 	 catholic university of america (washington) 	 dc public library (washington) 	 gallaudet university (washington) 	 george washington university (washington) 	 georgetown university (washington) 	 howard university (washington) 	 library of congress (washington) 	 smithsonian libraries (washington and other locations) 	 florida	 alachua county library district (gainesville and vicinity) 	 bethune-cookman university (daytona beach) 	 brevard county libraries (space coast area) 	 broward county library (fort lauderdale and vicinity) 	 collier county public library (naples and vicinity) 	 columbia county public library (lake city) 	 edward waters college (jacksonville) 	 flagler county public library system (palm coast and bunnell) 	 florida a&m university (tallahassee) 	 florida gulf coast university (fort myers) 	 florida memorial university (miami gardens) 	 florida state university (tallahassee and other campuses) 	 heartland library cooperative (highlands, desoto, glades, hardee, and okechobee counties) 	 hillsborough county public library cooperative (tampa and vicinity) 	 indian river county library system (vero beach and vicinity) 	 jacksonville public library (jacksonville) 	 lake county library system (lake county) 	 leroy collins leon county public library (tallahassee) 	 lee county library system (fort myers and vicinity) 	 marion county public library system (ocala and vicinity) 	 miami dade college (miami and other campuses) 	 miami-dade public library system (miami) 	 nassau county public library system (nassau county) 	 orange county library system (orlando and vicinity) 	 palm beach county library system (west palm beach and vicinity) 	 pasco county libraries (pasco county) 	 pinellas public library cooperative (clearwater, st. petersburg and pinellas county) 	 saint leo university (saint leo) 	 sarasota county libraries (sarasota and vicinity) 	 seminole county public library (seminole county) 	 seminole state college of florida (sanford and other campuses) 	 southeastern university (lakeland) 	 st. lucie county library system (st. lucie county) 	 suwanee river regional library system (suwanee, hamilton, and madison counties) 	 university of central florida: ucf libraries (orlando and other campuses) 	 university of florida, george a. smathers libraries (gainesville) 	 university of miami libraries (coral gables) 	 university of north florida (jacksonville) 	 university of south florida (tampa) 	 university of west florida (pensacola) 	 volusia county public library (daytona beach, deltona, and vicinity) 	 west florida public libraries (pensacola and escambia county) 	 georgia	 albany state university (albany) 	 athens-clarke county library (athens) 	 atlanta university center (clark atlanta, interdenominational theological center, morehouse, spelman) 	 atlanta-fulton public library system (atlanta and vicinity) 	 brenau university (gainesville) 	 chattahoochee valley libraries (columbus and vicinity) 	 dekalb county public library (dekalb county) 	 emory university libraries (atlanta) 	 fort benning libraries (fort benning) 	 fort valley state university (fort valley) 	 georgia public library service, pines catalog (public libraries throughout the state) 	 georgia southern university (statesboro and savannah) 	 georgia state university (atlanta) 	 georgia tech library (atlanta) 	 gwinnett county public library (gwinnett county) 	 live oak public libraries (savannah; chatham, effingham and liberty counties) 	 oglethorpe university (atlanta) 	 savannah state university (savannah) 	 university of georgia (athens) 	 university of west georgia (carrollton) 	 hawaii	 hawaii state public library system (public libraries throughout the state) 	 university of hawaii at manoa (honolulu) 	 idaho	 blackfoot public library (blackfoot) 	 boise public library (boise) 	 boise state university, albertsons library (boise) 	 coeur d'alene public library (coeur d'alene) 	 cooperative information network ( public and school libraries in northern idaho and vicinity) 	 idaho falls public library (idaho falls) 	 idaho state university (pocatello) 	 marshall public library (pocatello) 	 meridian library district (meridian) 	 nampa public library (nampa) 	 twin falls public library (twin falls) 	 university of idaho library (moscow, and other campuses) 	 illinois	 arlington heights memorial library (arlington heights) 	 aurora public library (aurora) 	 bloomingdale public library (bloomingdale) 	 bloomington public library (bloomington) 	 champaign public library and urbana free library (champaign-urbana) 	 chicago public library (chicago) 	 chicago school of professional psychology (chicago and other campuses) 	 chicago state university (chicago) 	 college of dupage (glen ellyn) 	 cooperative computer services ( libraries in northwestern chicago suburbs) 	 depaul university (chicago) 	 dixon public library (dixon) 	 dominican university, rebecca crown library (river forest) 	 evanston public library (evanston) 	 illinois heartland library system (share) (libraries in southern illinois) 	 indian trails library district (buffalo grove, wheeling, prospect heights, and vicinity) 	 itasca community library (itasca) 	 joliet junior college (joliet) 	 joliet public library, main library (joliet) 	 lincoln library (springfield) 	 naperville public library (naperville) 	 northeastern illinois university (neiu) (chicago) 	 northwestern university libraries (evanston) 	 oswego public library district (oswego and montgomery) 	 parlin-ingersoll public library (canton) 	 plainfield public library district (plainfield) 	 prairiecat (libraries in the rails cooperative of northern illinois) 	 pritzker military museum and library (chicago) 	 resource sharing alliance (rsa) (libraries in west central illinois) 	 rockford public library (rockford) 	 swan: system wide automated network (suburban libraries in the chicago area) 	 schaumburg township district library (schaumburg and vicinity) 	 skokie public library (skokie) 	 university of chicago library (chicago) 	 university of illinois urbana-champaign library (urbana-champaign) 	 university of illinois-chicago library (chicago) 	 waukegan public library (waukegan) 	 western illinois university (macomb and quad cities) 	 indiana	 allen county public library (fort wayne and vicinity) 	 butler university (indianapolis) 	 depauw university (greencastle) 	 evansville vanderburgh public library (evansville and vanderburgh county) 	 hanover college, duggan library (hanover) 	 hesburgh libraries, university of notre dame (notre dame) 	 indiana university libraries (bloomington, and other campuses) 	 indianapolis public library (indianapolis) 	 purdue university libraries (west lafayette) 	 st. joseph county public library (south bend and vicinity) 	 tippecanoe county public library (lafayette and vicinity) 	 valparaiso university (valparaiso) 	 iowa	 bondurant community library (bondurant) 	 carnegie-stout public library (dubuque) 	 cedar falls public library (cedar falls) 	 cedar rapids public library (cedar rapids) 	 council bluffs public library (council bluffs) 	 davenport public library (davenport) 	 des moines public library (des moines) 	 drake public library (centerville) 	 grinnell college (grinnell) 	 harlan community library (harlan) 	 iowa city public library (iowa city) 	 iowa state university (ames) 	 marion public library (marion) 	 orange city public library (orange city) 	 sioux city public library (sioux city) 	 university of iowa libraries (iowa city) 	 university of northern iowa (cedar falls) 	 waterloo public library (waterloo) 	 kansas	 johnson county library (overland park and vicinity) 	 kansas city, kansas public library (kansas city) 	 kansas state university (manhattan) 	 manhattan public library (manhattan) 	 psu library consortium (academic and public libraries in the pittsburg area) 	 topeka and shawnee county public library (topeka) 	 university of kansas libraries (lawrence) 	 wichita public library (wichita) 	 wichita state university (wichita) 	 kentucky	 ashland community and technical college (ashland) 	 berea college (berea) 	 big sandy community and technical college (prestonburg) 	 bluegrass community and technical college (lexington) 	 elizabethtown community and technical college (elizabethtown) 	 fort campbell, sink library (fort campbell) 	 gateway community and technical college (florence) 	 hazard community and technical college (hazard and jackson) 	 henderson community college (henderson) 	 hopkinsville community college (hopkinsville) 	 jefferson community and technical college (louisville) 	 kenton county public library (kenton county) 	 kentucky state university (frankfort) 	 lexington public library (lexington) 	 louisville free public library (louisville) 	 madisonville community college (madisonville) 	 maysville community and technical college (maysville) 	 murray state university (murray) 	 northern kentucky university (highland heights) 	 owensboro community and technical college (owensboro) 	 paul sawyier public library (frankfort) 	 rowan county public library (morehead) 	 somerset community college (somerset) 	 southcentral kentucky community and technical college (bowling green, glasgow, and franklin) 	 southeast kentucky community and technical college (cumberland and other campuses) 	 southern baptist theological seminary (louisville) 	 university of kentucky (lexington) 	 university of louisville (louisville) 	 west kentucky community and technical college (paducah) 	 western kentucky university (bowling green and other campuses) 	 louisiana	 jefferson parish library (jefferson parish) 	 lsu alexandria, bolton library (alexandria) 	 lafourche parish public library (lafourche parish) 	 louisiana state university (baton rouge) 	 loyola university new orleans, monroe library (new orleans) 	 new orleans public library (new orleans) 	 northwestern state university (natchitoches and other campuses) 	 shreve memorial library (shreveport and caddo parish) 	 tulane university (new orleans) 	 university of new orleans, long library (new orleans) 	 west feliciana parish library (st. francisville) 	 xavier university of louisiana (new orleans) 	 maine	 bangor public library (bangor) 	 bates college (lewiston) 	 bowdoin college (brunswick) 	 colby college (waterville) 	 mainecat (statewide library catalog) 	 portland public library (portland) 	 university of maine, fogler library (orono) 	 york county community college (wells) 	 maryland	 baltimore county public library (baltimore suburbs) 	 cecil county public library (cecil county) 	 chesapeake college (wye mills and cambridge) 	 eastern shore regional library system (public libraries on maryland's eastern shore) 	 enoch pratt free library (baltimore) 	 frederick county public libraries (frederick and vicinity) 	 harford county public library (harford county) 	 howard county library system (howard county) 	 johns hopkins libraries (baltimore) 	 montgomery county public libraries (montgomery county) 	 national agricultural library (beltsville) 	 prince george's county memorial library system (prince george's county) 	 united states naval academy, nimitz library (annapolis) 	 university of maryland baltimore county (baltimore) 	 university of maryland libraries (college park) 	 massachusetts	 beverly public library (beverly) 	 boston college (boston) 	 boston public library (boston) 	 boston university libraries (boston) 	 brandeis university library (waltham) 	 bridgewater state university, maxwell library (bridgewater) 	 c/w mars (public and small academic libraries in central and western ma) 	 clams: cape libraries automated materials sharing (public libraries on cape cod) 	 college of the holy cross (worcester) 	 fenway libraries online (museums and small colleges in boston and vicinity) 	 five college libraries (amherst, hampshire, mt. holyoke, smith, umass-amherst) 	 harvard library (cambridge) 	 j. v. fletcher library (westford) 	 mit libraries, massachusetts institute of technology (cambridge) 	 merrimack valley library consortium (public libraries in northeastern ma) 	 minuteman library network (metrowest-region public and small college libraries) 	 noble: north of boston library exchange (north shore public and small academic libraries) 	 northeastern university (boston) 	 old colony library network (south shore public libraries) 	 sails library network (new bedford, fall river, taunton, and vicinity) 	 simmons college (boston) 	 smith college libraries (northampton) 	 springfield college (springfield) 	 tufts university (medford) 	 university of massachusetts amherst (amherst) 	 university of massachusetts lowell (lowell) 	 wellesley college (wellesley) 	 western new england university (springfield) 	 williams college (williamstown) 	 worcester polytechnic institute (worcester) 	 worcester public library (worcester) 	 michigan	 ann arbor district library (ann arbor) 	 canton public library (canton) 	 capital area district libraries (lansing and ingham county) 	 central michigan university (mount pleasant) 	 detroit public library (detroit) 	 eastern michigan university (ypsilanti) 	 flint public library (flint) 	 grand rapids public library (grand rapids) 	 grand valley state university (allendale) 	 kalamazoo public library (kalamazoo) 	 lakenet: lakeland library cooperative ( + public libraries in west michigan) 	 lansing community college (lansing) 	 michigan state university libraries (east lansing) 	 michigan elibrary (order from libraries across the state) 	 oakland community college (various oakland county campuses) 	 petoskey district library (petoskey) 	 plymouth district library (plymouth) 	 royal oak public library (royal oak) 	 traverse area district library (traverse city and vicinity) 	 university of michigan library (ann arbor) 	 warren public library (warren) 	 western michigan university (kalamazoo) 	 willard library (battle creek) 	 minnesota	 duluth public library (duluth) 	 hamline university (st. paul) 	 hennepin county library (minneapolis and vicinity) 	 minnesota state university (mankato) 	 saint paul public library (st. paul) 	 st. olaf college (northfield) 	 university of minnesota libraries (twin cities) 	 university of st. thomas (st. paul) 	 washington county library (washington county) 	 mississippi	 alcorn state university (lorman) 	 harrison county library system (gulfport, biloxi, and vicinity) 	 jackson state university (jackson) 	 jackson-hinds library system (jackson and hinds county) 	 mississippi library commission (jackson) 	 mississippi state university (starkville, meridian, and jackson) 	 tougaloo college (tougaloo) 	 university of mississippi libraries (oxford) 	 missouri	 concordia seminary library (st. louis) 	 daniel boone regional library (columbia and vicinity) 	 ferguson municipal public library (ferguson) 	 harris-stowe state university (st. louis) 	 joplin public library (joplin) 	 kansas city public library (kansas city) 	 lincoln university (jefferson city) 	 linda hall library (kansas city) 	 mid-continent public library (kansas city vicinity) 	 missouri river regional library (jefferson city and linn) 	 missouri state university (springfield) 	 missouri university of science and technology (rolla) 	 ozarks technical community college (springfield and other campuses) 	 poplar bluff municipal library (poplar bluff) 	 saint louis university (st. louis) 	 southeast missouri state university (cape girardeau) 	 springfield-greene county library district (springfield and vicinity) 	 st. charles city-county library district (st. charles county) 	 st. louis county library (st. louis suburbs) 	 st. louis public library (st. louis) 	 taneyhills community library (branson) 	 university of missouri kansas city: umkc libraries (kansas city) 	 university of missouri libraries (columbia) 	 washington university libraries (st. louis) 	 montana	 butte-silver bow public library (butte) 	 montana shared catalog ( + libraries across montana) 	 montana state university library (bozeman) 	 montana tech of the university of montana (butte) 	 university of montana, mansfield library (missoula) 	 nebraska	 bellevue public library (bellevue) 	 creighton university (omaha) 	 lincoln city libraries (lincoln) 	 omaha public library (omaha) 	 university of nebraska-lincoln (lincoln) 	 nevada	 carson city library (carson city) 	 college of southern nevada (las vegas and vicinity) 	 las vegas-clark county library district (las vegas and vicinity) 	 nevada library cooperative (public libraries outside nevada's largest urban areas) 	 washoe county library system (reno and vicinity) 	 new hampshire	 concord public library (concord) 	 dartmouth college (hanover) 	 lebanon public libraries (lebanon and west lebanon) 	 manchester city library (manchester) 	 nashua public library (nashua) 	 university of new hampshire (durham and manchester) 	 new jersey	 atlantic city free public library (atlantic city) 	 bccls (bergen, essex, hudson, and passaic county public libraries) 	 burlington county library system (public libraries in burlington county) 	 camcat (camden county library system, and camden county college) 	 hunterdon county library (flemington, clinton, and lambertville) 	 mercer county community college (west windsor and trenton) 	 middlesex county college (edison) 	 middletown township public library (middletown) 	 monmouth county library (monmouth county) 	 morris automated information network (morris county public libraries) 	 newark public library (newark) 	 pals plus library consortium ( libraries in passaic, essex, and hudson counties) 	 princeton public library (princeton) 	 princeton theological seminary (princeton) 	 princeton university library (princeton) 	 rowan college at burlington county (mount laurel and other campuses) 	 rowan university (glassboro) 	 rutgers university libraries (new brunswick, newark, and camden) 	 seton hall university (south orange) 	 somerset county library system (somerset county) 	 stockton university (galloway and other locations) 	 the college of new jersey (ewing) 	 william paterson university, cheng library (wayne) 	 new mexico	 los alamos public library system (los alamos and white rock) 	 new mexico state university (las cruces and other campuses) 	 rio rancho public libraries (rio rancho) 	 santa fe public library (santa fe) 	 the public library (albuquerque and bernalillo county) 	 thomas branigan memorial library (las cruces) 	 university of new mexico libraries (albuquerque) 	 new york	 binghamton university (binghamton) 	 brooklyn public library (brooklyn) 	 buffalo and erie county public library (buffalo) 	 chautauqua-cattaraugus library system (jamestown and vicinity) 	 city university of new york (cuny) (new york) 	 clinton essex franklin library system ( public libraries in northern new york counties) 	 columbia university libraries (new york) 	 connectny ( academic libraries in new york state) 	 cornell university library (ithaca) 	 finger lakes library system (public libraries in cayuga, cortland, seneca, tioga, and tompkins counties) 	 finkelstein 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onondaga county public library (syracuse and vicinity) 	 pioneer library system: owwl catalog (ontario, wayne, wyoming, and livingston counties) 	 pratt institute (new york) 	 queens library (queens) 	 rochester institute of technology (rochester) 	 suny oswego, penfield library (oswego) 	 southern tier library system (allegany, chemung, schuyler, steuben and yates counties) 	 st. francis college (brooklyn) 	 st. john's university (new york) 	 stony brook university libraries (stony brook) 	 suffolk county libraries (public libraries in suffolk county, long island) 	 syracuse university libraries (syracuse) 	 touro college libraries (new york) 	 united states military academy (west point) 	 university at albany, suny (albany) 	 university at buffalo, suny (buffalo) 	 university of rochester, river campus libraries (rochester) 	 westchester library system (public libraries in westchester county) 	 yeshiva university libraries (new york) 	 north carolina	 appalachian state university, 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university (ada) 	 ohio state university (columbus) 	 ohio university (athens and other campuses) 	 ohio wesleyan university (delaware) 	 public library of cincinnati and hamilton county (cincinnati and vicinity) 	 public library of youngstown and mahoning county (youngstown and vicinity) 	 stark libraries information consortium (canton and vicinity) 	 toledo-lucas county public library (toledo and vicinity) 	 university of cincinnati (cincinnati) 	 university of dayton (dayton) 	 upper arlington public library (upper arlington) 	 xavier university (cincinnati) 	 oklahoma	 eastern oklahoma district library system ( counties in eastern oklahoma) 	 enid public library (enid) 	 lawton public library (lawton) 	 metropolitan library system (oklahoma city and vicinity) 	 northeastern state university (tahlequah, broken arrow, and muskogee) 	 oklahoma state university (stillwater) 	 pioneer library system (cleveland, mcclain, and pottawatomie counties) 	 quapaw tribal library (quapaw) 	 southeastern public library system of oklahoma ( counties in southeast oklahoma) 	 southern oklahoma library system ( counties in southern oklahoma) 	 southern prairie library system (jackson and harmon counties) 	 stillwater public library (stillwater) 	 tulsa city-county library (tulsa) 	 university of oklahoma (norman) 	 western plains library system (custer, dewey, roger mills and washita counties) 	 oregon	 albany public library (albany) 	 central oregon community college (bend) 	 chemeketa community college (salem and yamhill valley) 	 chemeketa cooperative regional library service (public libraries in marion, polk, and yamhill counties) 	 corvallis-benton county public library (corvallis and vicinity) 	 deschutes public library (bend and deschutes county) 	 eugene public library (eugene) 	 george fox university (newberg) 	 jackson county library services (medford, ashland and vicinity) 	 lincc: libraries in clackamas county (clackamas county) 	 lewis and clark college (portland) 	 multnomah county library (portland) 	 oregon health and science university (portland) 	 oregon state library (salem) 	 oregon state university (osu) (corvallis and other campuses) 	 portland state university (portland) 	 springfield public library (springfield) 	 umpqua community college (roseburg) 	 university of oregon (eugene) 	 washington county cooperative library services (washington county) 	 willamette university libraries (salem) 	 pennsylvania	 access pennsylvania (libraries across the state) 	 arcadia university, landman library (glenside) 	 beaver county library system (public and community college libraries in beaver county) 	 berks county public libraries (reading and vicinity) 	 bryn mawr college (bryn mawr) 	 bucks county library district (public libraries in bucks county) 	 butler county federated library system ( public libraries in butler county) 	 cambria county library (johnstown) 	 carnegie mellon university (pittsburgh) 	 chester county library system (public libraries in chester county) 	 cheyney university library (cheyney) 	 community college of philadelphia (philadelphia) 	 cranberry public library (cranberry township, butler county) 	 cumberland county library system (cumberland county and shippensburg area school district) 	 dauphin county library system (harrisburg and vicinity) 	 delaware county library system (public libraries in delaware county) 	 dickinson college, waidner-spahr library (carlisle) 	 drexel university libraries (philadelphia) 	 erie county public libraries (erie and vicinity) 	 free library of philadelphia (philadelphia) 	 geneva college (beaver falls) 	 haverford college (haverford) 	 historical society of pennsylvania (philadelphia) 	 holy family university (philadelphia, newtown, and bensalem) 	 king's college (wilkes-barre) 	 la salle university, connelly library (philadelphia) 	 lackawanna county library system (scranton and vicinity) 	 lafayette college (easton) 	 lehigh university (bethlehem) 	 library company of philadelphia (philadelphia) 	 library system of lancaster county (lancaster and vicinity) 	 lincoln university (lincoln university, chester county) 	 luzerne county library system (wilkes-barre, hazleton, and vicinity) 	 mclinc (montgomery county public libraries) 	 misericordia university (dallas) 	 muhlenberg college, trexler library (allentown) 	 othmer library of chemical history (philadelphia) 	 penn state university libraries (university park, and other campuses) 	 public libraries of perry county (perry county) 	 robert morris university (moon township) 	 swarthmore college (swarthmore) 	 temple university libraries (philadelphia) 	 university of pennsylvania libraries (philadelphia) 	 university of pittsburgh (pittsburgh and other campuses) 	 university of scranton, weinberg memorial library (scranton) 	 ursinus college (collegeville) 	 villanova university (villanova) 	 west chester university (west chester) 	 westmoreland library network (public libraries in 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(spartanburg and vicinity) 	 university of south carolina (columbia and other campuses) 	 voorhees college (denmark) 	 wofford college (spartanburg) 	 south dakota	 rapid city public library (rapid city and pennington county) 	 rawlins municipal library (pierre) 	 south dakota share-it (various libraries throughout the state) 	 south dakota state university (brookings) 	 tennessee	 american baptist college (nashville) 	 austin peay state university (clarksville) 	 belmont university (nashville) 	 chattanooga public library (chattanooga) 	 clarksville-montgomery county public library (clarksville and vicinity) 	 coffee county lannom library (tullahoma) 	 east tennessee state university (johnson city) 	 fisk university (nashville) 	 hardin county public library (savannah) 	 knox county public library (knoxville and vicinity) 	 lemoyne-owen college (memphis) 	 memphis public library and information center (memphis) 	 middle tennessee state university (murfreesboro) 	 nashville public 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(houston) 	 round rock public library (round rock) 	 san antonio college (san antonio) 	 san antonio public library (san antonio) 	 sekula memorial library (edinburg) 	 southern methodist university (dallas) 	 st. mary's university, louis j. blume library (san antonio) 	 st. philip's college (san antonio) 	 stephen f. austin state university (nacogdoches) 	 texas a&m university libraries (college station) 	 texas college (tyler) 	 texas southern university (houston) 	 texas tech university libraries (lubbock) 	 texas woman's university (denton, dallas, and houston campuses) 	 tyler public library (tyler) 	 uhcl neumann library (clear lake) 	 university of houston libraries (houston, and other campuses) 	 university of north texas (denton) 	 university of texas libraries (austin) 	 university of texas medical branch (galveston) 	 waco-mcclennan county library (waco) 	 wiley college (marshall) 	 utah	 brigham young university (provo) 	 davis county library (northern suburbs of salt lake 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university (petersburg) 	 virginia tech (blacksburg) 	 virginia union university (richmond) 	 washington and lee university (lexington) 	 washington	 bellingham public library (bellingham) 	 burlington public library (burlington) 	 central washington university (ellensburg and other campuses) 	 clark college (vancouver) 	 columbia basin college (pasco) 	 eastern washington university (cheney and spokane) 	 everett community college (everett) 	 evergreen state college (olympia) 	 fiske genealogical library (seattle) 	 fort vancouver regional library district (vancouver and vicinity) 	 gonzaga university (spokane) 	 hurst library, northwest university (kirkland) 	 king county library system (libraries near seattle) 	 kitsap regional library (kitsap county) 	 lewis-mcchord libraries (joint base lewis-mcchord) 	 libraries of stevens county (stevens county) 	 mount vernon city library (mount vernon) 	 north olympic library system (port angeles, forks, sequim, clallam bay) 	 olympic college (bremerton) 	 pacific lutheran university (tacoma) 	 pierce county library system (rural and suburban pierce county) 	 puyallup public library (puyallup) 	 seattle public library (seattle) 	 sno-isle libraries (snohomish and island counties) 	 spokane public library (spokane) 	 tacoma public library (tacoma) 	 timberland regional library (grays harbor, lewis, mason, pacific, and thurston counties) 	 university of puget sound (tacoma) 	 university of washington (seattle) 	 washington state university (pullman and other campuses) 	 western washington university (bellingham) 	 whatcom community college (bellingham) 	 yakima valley libraries (yakima county) 	 west virginia	 bluefield state college, wendell g. hardway library (bluefield) 	 kanawha county public library (charleston and vicinity) 	 martinsburg-berkeley county public libraries (martinsburg and vicinity) 	 morgan county public library (berkeley springs) 	 northern library network (public libraries in northern west virginia 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wyoming	 albany county public library (laramie and vicinity) 	 fremont county libraries (lander, riverton, and dubois) 	 laramie county library (cheyenne) 	 natrona county public library (casper and vicinity) 	 university of wyoming (laramie) zambia	 university of zambia (lusaka) zimbabwe	 university of zimbabwe (harare) ftl service provided by the online books page, using data provided by the library of congress, oclc, wikipedia, and other sources. planet code lib search the bloggers of planet code lib using google custom search. utf- code lib library peter@ohiolink.edu data:image/png;base ,ivborw kggoaaaansuheugaaabaaaaaqcamaaaaolq taaaaaxnsr iars c qaaaarnqu baacxjwv yquaaaagy hstqaaeiyaaiceaad aaaagogaahuwaadqyaaaopgaabdwnlprpaaaawbqtfrf////s ozndq skpkioqkbgxsoaghe t kskp enpwfhyhr dzmzml exymjivr + /pzpj + traaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaavwdikqaaaalwsflzaaalewaacxmbajqcgaaaai jrefukfnvtlscwyaie smldsv+x wlup svmisnlgqlgttcui/gtmgli osdkmuzfbagq/cxdqo zejwmmo aihimjmqweuydolwehplpc a kx jlv fc za lvfu helmotva+tyfvk/ro zz zkplb q b pyi lpafc bw atdy l + /rhquihczntwaaaabjru erkjggg== false http://planet.code lib.org steering unemployed young people into caring careers might just pay off - abc news skip to main contentabc news homepagesearchmore from abcmore from abc close menuabc 	abc home 	news 	radio 	iview 	life 	more editorial policies read our editorial guiding principles 	accessibility 	help 	contact us 	about the abc 	privacy policy 	terms of use 	© abc 	 	 	 	 	just in 	coronavirus 	watch live 	politics 	world 	business 	analysis 	sport 	science 	health 	arts 	fact check 	other news home analysissteering unemployed young people into caring careers might just pay off by insiders host david speers posted ddays agosatsaturday decdecember at : pm youth unemployment currently sits at more than per cent.(pixabay) share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp print contentprint with images and other media print text only printcancel beaches, barbecues, cricket and ... industrial relations. the parliamentary year ended with a heated and unresolved argument over workplace changes that will continue through the summer months for those who are bothered to put down their beer and pay any attention to it. workplace law isn't often a barbecue-stopping conversation, but anthony albanese will be trying to keep as many voters as possible tuned in. the penalty rates of frontline workers, he contends, are in grave danger. the government says that's utter rubbish, to put it politely. to deal briefly with the facts of the matter: the dispute is over a proposed change that would allow businesses "impacted" by covid to strike agreements that leave some workers worse off than they otherwise would be on the award. christian porter says there's no way an independent umpire would agree to cut penalty rates to keep a business alive.(aap: lukas coch)workers would still get a vote on any such deal, which the independent umpire would have to consider. the fair work commission would also, importantly, be required to ensure any agreement is not "contrary to the public interest". a non-unionised company could, for example, tell its workforce they must give up their penalty rates for the business to survive. in this scenario, the vulnerable workers fearing unemployment may reluctantly agree for the sake of saving their jobs. and if a fair work commissioner is so inclined, the penalty rates would be sacrificed to keep the business alive. industrial relations minister christian porter says such a scenario is implausible; there's no way an independent umpire would agree to such a move. still, he can see the writing on the wall and isn't about to die in a ditch over this. he'd rather not drop the change altogether but has left room for a compromise on the wording of the legislation to remove any doubt. a summer scare campaign on penalty rates labor is quietly thrilled porter didn't cave immediately. they've been gifted a summer scare campaign on penalty rates and can't believe their luck. these ir changes, together with the budget changes unveiled in october, are all part of what the government likes to call its "business-led" recovery. the coalition wants the private sector to do the heavily lifting of job creation, but it's not exactly a free-market, small-government approach just yet. the jobkeeper wage support continues for a few more months and has been joined by subsidies for everything from hiring young workers to training apprentices and even bathroom renovations. the role of the state isn't so much a guiding hand in the market right now as crucial scaffolding. unnecessary workplace reforms? the federal government has embarked on a push to unite employers and unions in major industrial relations reform to help recovery from the pandemic. the only problem is there's little evidence to suggest it's needed. read more labor argues for even greater levels of spending and intervention to help put the economy back on track. the debate over the level and nature of government support will dominate much of and is likely to become only more disagreeable the closer we get to the election. hopes are fading of any bipartisan consensus on how to use the opportunity of this crisis to fix pre-existing problems and build back smarter. the "digital platforms" legislation introduced this week is a possible exception. it's an attempt to fix a growing revenue problem facing the media sector. forcing google and facebook to pay for the journalism on their platforms is something media companies have been after for years. now, pending a committee process and vote in parliament, it looks like becoming a reality. steering young unemployed people into caring there's clearly a potential to steer more young unemployed australians into caring careers.(abc news: nick haggarty)two other pre-existing (and undoubtedly more urgent) problems in the economy are high levels of youth unemployment and an increasing shortage of care workers. youth unemployment currently sits at more than per cent. the demand for trained care workers is forecast to rise by per cent in the coming years as the population ages and more home care places are rolled out. these are not easy problems to fix, but there's clearly a potential to steer more young unemployed australians into caring careers. as it turns out, the strongest supply of young jobseekers just happens to be in the same areas as the greatest demand for care workers. history suggests youth unemployment will surge a generation of workers is facing a lengthy disruption early in their career as economists warn younger people will suffer the most from the coronavirus recession, if past downturns are any indication. read more ymca australia, now known as the "y", has crunched the numbers and found exactly where the correlation is strongest. in the south australian seat of spence, held by labor's nick champion, more than , young people are out of work, while the demand for care workers is forecast to grow by nearly , . in stuart robert's seat of fadden, youth unemployment sits at nearly , , with demand for care work set to grow by about , . in the marginal seat of longman, the numbers sit at more than , young unemployed and a shortage of more than , care workers forecast. in all, the "y" has identified priority hot spots where it's proposing a fix. already one of the largest employers of young people in australia, the organisation wants to trial a new approach of training young workers in these sites to begin caring careers. it's willing to commit $ million in wages and is seeking nearly $ million from the government for infrastructure along with access to the existing wage and apprentice subsidies. if given the green light, , young australians would have a job in january and a pathway to a career in caring. a relatively small-scale proposal like this won't entirely solve either problem of youth unemployment or the shortage of care workers, but this does represent some creative thinking. if broader economic reforms are going to become bogged down in partisan trench warfare, thinking outside the box and supporting some new ideas might be worth a go. david speers is the host of insiders, which airs on abc tv at am on sunday or on iview. posted ddays agosatsaturday decdecember at : pm share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp more on: 	australia 	government and politics 	federal government 	community and society 	unemployment 	industrial relations top stories 	the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 	'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition 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nsw as thunderstorms set for sydney 	investors handed over $ m to sydney businesswoman before she vanished, court told popular now 	 .'we should be absolutely alarmed': china prepares to move into the torres strait 	 .ardern responds to thunberg after the activist scoffs at new zealand's climate policy 	 .corey was conscious during surgery but couldn't tell doctors. now he's educating medical staff 	 .deep-sea treasure hunter marks five years in prison for failing to reveal location of missing gold coins 	 .the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 	 .'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan top stories the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians 'we should be absolutely alarmed': 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abc 	privacy policy 	terms of use 	© abc 	 	 	 	 covid- : review of disparities in risks and outcomes - gov.uk skip to main content tell us whether you accept cookies we use cookies to collect information about how you use gov.uk. we use this information to make the website work as well as possible and improve government services. accept all cookies set cookie preferences you’ve accepted all cookies. you can change your cookie settings at any time. hide gov.uk show or hide search search on gov.uk search menu 	 departments 	 worldwide 	 how government works 	 get involved 	 consultations 	 statistics 	 news and communications coronavirus (covid- ) guidance and support brexit transition take action now for new rules in 	 home 	 coronavirus (covid- ) 	 health and wellbeing during coronavirus research and analysis covid- : review of disparities in risks and outcomes review into how different factors have affected covid- risk and outcomes. published june last updated august — see all 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a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email publications@phe.gov.uk. please tell us what format you need. it will help us if you say what assistive technology you use. further data for section : inclusion health groups ods, . kb this file is in an opendocument format this file may not be suitable for users of assistive technology. request an accessible format. if you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email publications@phe.gov.uk. please tell us what format you need. it will help us if you say what assistive technology you use. further data for section : deaths in care homes ods, . kb this file is in an opendocument format this file may not be suitable for users of assistive technology. request an accessible format. if you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email publications@phe.gov.uk. please tell us what format you need. it will help us if you say what assistive technology you use. further data for section : comorbidities ods, . kb this file is in an opendocument format this file may not be suitable for users of assistive technology. request an accessible format. if you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email publications@phe.gov.uk. please tell us what format you need. it will help us if you say what assistive technology you use. details this is a descriptive review of surveillance data on disparities in the risk and outcomes from covid- . the review looked at different factors including: 	age and sex 	where people live 	deprivation 	ethnicity 	people’s occupation 	care home residence the review’s findings are based on the latest surveillance data available to phe and from links to wider health data sets. the findings help improve our understanding of the covid- pandemic and will help guide the future public health response to it. published june last updated august + show all updates 	 august added spreadsheets to provide further data from the review. updates made to main report which include new updates and corrections log. 	 june first published. brexit transition days to go check you’re ready for related content 	nhs test and trace (england) and coronavirus testing (uk) statistics: november to november 	coronavirus cases in england: november 	coronavirus cases by local authority: epidemiological data, december 	coronavirus cases by local authority: epidemiological data, november 	coronavirus cases by local authority: epidemiological data, october collection 	covid- : impacts on health - reports and tools explore the topic 	infectious diseases 	health and wellbeing during coronavirus is this page useful? maybe 	 yes this page is useful 	 no this page is not useful thank you for your feedback there is something wrong with this page close help us improve 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planet code lib 	 http://planet.code lib.org 	 planet code lib - http://planet.code lib.org 	 		 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 		 	 	 digital library federation: calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference 	 https://www.diglib.org/calls-for-volunteers-for- -digital-preservation-conference/ 	 <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the </span><a href="https://ndsa.org/"><span style="font-weight: ;">ndsa</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> calls for volunteers to join our planning committee for the digital preservation conference.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">digital preservation (digipres) is the ndsa’s annual conference – open to members and non-members alike – focused on stewardship, curation, and preservation of digital information and cultural heritage. </span><b>the meeting will take place on november - th in st. louis, missouri, just after the dlf forum.</b><span style="font-weight: ;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">ndsa is an affiliate of the council on library and information resources (clir) and the digital library federation (dlf), and the digipres conference is held in concert with the annual dlf forum. clir continues to monitor the ongoing covid- pandemic, and after successfully pivoting to a virtual format for , will be making a call on this for by early spring . </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">planning committee responsibilities include:</span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">defining a vision for the conference</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">crafting and distributing a call for proposals</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">reviewing and selecting proposals</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">identifying a keynote speaker</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">determining the conference schedule</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">moderating sessions</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">supporting membership through recruitment and mentorship efforts</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">collaborating with the dlf forum planning committee on community events, equity and inclusion, and sponsorship opportunities</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">we expect to have monthly group calls from january-november, and this year’s committee will have an exciting opportunity to creatively sustain some of the conveniences and benefits of our virtual platform as we negotiate meeting in person again.</span><span style="font-weight: ;"> </span></p> <p><a href="https://forms.gle/iddnue thrpw h "><b>join us by completing this form</b></a><b> by friday, january th</b><span style="font-weight: ;">, and please share widely.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">we look forward to working with you!</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">tricia patterson, chair</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">jes neal, vice chair/ chair</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/calls-for-volunteers-for- -digital-preservation-conference/" rel="nofollow">calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 kussmann 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-betsy-yoon/ 	 <p><em><img alt="betsy yoon" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /yoon-betsy.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by betsy yoon (<b><a href="https://twitter.com/betsyoon">@betsyoon</a>)</b>, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>betsy yoon (she/they) is an adjunct assistant professor and oer/reference librarian at the college of staten island, cuny and earned her mlis in . she also has a master of international affairs. she lives in occupied lenapehoking and is a longtime member of nodutdol, a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades working to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and turtle island (north america). interests include critical approaches to oer and openness, the free/libre software movement, understanding and addressing root causes over symptom management, and the role that libraries and archives can play in our collective liberation.</em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">one advantage of attending a virtual forum is the fact that you no longer have to decide between two interesting panels that are happening at the same time. before i realized that the sessions would be pre-recorded and available for viewing any time, i pored over the schedule trying to decide which of the two sessions to participate in per time block. what complicated my decision-making process was the fact that i was attending with two different angles. as a librarian, i do reference and work related to open educational resources on my campus. but i am also part of nodutdol( ),</span><span style="font-weight: ;"> a community organization with a -year history in need of archiving and preservation. while not totally distinct (outreach is relevant for both roles, for instance), my two roles occasionally had divergent needs. for example, the monday : pm session had both “where it’s at: using gis tools for engagement and outreach at an hbcu library,” which seemed a good fit for my position in the academic library, and “linked while apart: overcoming division with linked data,” which seemed more applicable to my work with nodutdol. so you can imagine my delight when i learned that not only would the sessions be available for asynchronous viewing, but that it would also be possible to engage in discussions about the panel on slack.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the panel that ended up being the most informative for my specific needs was “finding a good fit: scaling best practices for born-digital material to fit the needs of diverse communities.” the presenters walked us through the process of setting up a small-scale digitization project and emphasized the iterative nature of the process. as a grassroots organization, we do not have the luxury of hiring digitization experts to guide us through the process, and it has been difficult to know how and where to get started. margo padilla’s saying that “good enough” digital preservation practices (as opposed to best practices) stood out to me as particularly relevant to my organization’s needs. the description of their organization’s custom modular setup and the numerous resources that the slides linked out to were also very helpful in offering some solid starting points to embark on a “good enough” digital preservation process.</span></p> <figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_ " style="width: px;"><img alt="cover of nodutdol’s october born-digital zine, 제국의 제재, or sanctions of empire" class="wp-image- size-medium" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -pm- x - .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />[image: cover of nodutdol’s october born-digital zine, 제국의 제재, or sanctions of empire]</figure><span style="font-weight: ;">i also found the learn@dlf sessions to be valuable in their specificity–in particular, i found the tools introduced in “wax and jekyll to build minimal digital projects” and “oral history as data: lightweight, static tool for publishing and analyzing transcripts” to be accessible in that they did not necessarily require investing time in a comprehensive platform or software and instead had relatively low barriers to entry. wax, for example, describes itself as a “minimal computing project for producing digital exhibitions focused on longevity, low costs, and flexibility.” while not exactly the same, the spirit behind minimal computing reminded me of </span><a href="https://splot.ca/about/"><span style="font-weight: ;">splots</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> (what the acronym stands for is not yet fixed — one interpretation is smallest portable open learning technology), which are intended to have low barriers to entry and “support more accessible, sustainable, and user-friendly ways to get publicly-engaged learning happening on the open </span><span style="font-weight: ;">web.” the question of platforms and sustainability is a topic that is directly relevant to my work in open educational resources and with nodutdol, and i always love to learn about technologies that provide access to knowledge creation mechanisms without locking you in to a specific system.</span><p></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">though the fact that this year’s dlf forum was digital was due to the constraints of the pandemic, the thoughtful way in which the experience was designed was due to the efforts of the organizers. the asynchronous viewing options, the slack interface, the provision of presentation slides and transcripts all made it possible for organizations such as mine to benefit from the expertise of the dlf community. while an in-person dlf forum will no doubt have different considerations, i hope that some of the innovations of this year will be retained for future forums to ensure wide accessibility and participation from a wide variety of organizations and individuals. as a first-time dlf forum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum and look forward to continuing to learn from the dlf community!</span></p> <hr /> <p>( ) <a href="https://nodutdol.org/"><span style="font-weight: ;">nodutdol</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> is a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades based in lenapehoking/new york city seeking to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and on turtle island/north america. we advance our mission through political education, collective action, and principled solidarity.</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-betsy-yoon/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 hugh rundle: for what we will 	 https://www.hughrundle.net/for-what-we-will/ 	 <p>a couple of months ago there was <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/ - - /four-day-week-work-life-balance-daily-grind-job-part-time/ ">a ridiculous article on the abc</a> ostensibly about a four-day working week. it turns out that by "four day week" they mean "four ten hour days a week as long as the boss gets to decide what you're allowed to do on the other day". i work a real four-day week and it's certainly not that.</p> <p>"the last time we actually made a serious change to the working week was done by henry ford" claims the boss. um no. he <a href="https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/ /sep/ /viral-image/does- -hour-day-and- -hour-come-henry-ford-or-lab/">didn't even do that for americans</a>. ford's offer in of an eight hour day only stood for "worthy" workers of the ford motor company. this was a full <strong>fifty eight years after</strong> melbourne's stonemasons had already successfully <a href="https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/eight-hour-day">won an eight hour day for the same wages as the former ten hour working day</a>. they did it by going on strike until their demands were met. in (eleven years <em>before</em> "henry ford gave us the eight hour day") socialist tom mann unveiled the <a href="https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/culture/social/display/ -eight-hour-day-monument">eight hours monument</a> near victoria's parliament house, celebrating the events of and the <em>status quo</em> fact of an eight hour working day for most workers in victoria.</p> <p>liam hogan has <a href="http://orangejuiceandryvita.com/ /romance-day">already succinctly noted the core problem</a> of "romance day", but it bears repeating. bosses aren't doing you a favour when they "give" you some "time off". a job is labour time in exchange for money. never mistake it for something else. there are certainly ways of organising human societies where you <em>do</em> have obligations to others when you're not working for them. serfdom. feudalism. gift economies. communalism. mutual aid. but we live under capitalism. you don't owe your boss anything when you're not on the clock.</p> <h >essential work</h > <p>even with the "second wave" in melbourne, australia has been quite lucky with covid- and avoided the sort of overwhelming chaos we see in europe and the americas. we're able to talk about "covid recovery" already, and what it might look like. so far, it appears — perhaps unsurprisingly — our elites in politics and the media have learned nothing at all from the experience here or elsewhere. all talk is of "job creation" and that political staple, the "shovel ready project". even adam bandt has gotten into the action, parroting the latest trends from the united states left and calling for a "green new deal" and "green jobs".</p> <p>earlier this year there was some speculation about genetic factors being behind the much higher covid- death rate for black and south asian britons. but more recently it's become apparent that africa — which western health experts expected to be decimated by covid — has on the contrary <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/ / / /africa-has-defied-covid- -nightmare-scenarios-we-shouldnt-be-surprised/">largely contained the virus much more effectively than other continents</a>. so clearly african genes are playing a marginal role here, if any. the more recent evidence from britain suggest that, unsurprisingly, the problem is simply that those from minority ethnicities are more likely to <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/ /jul/ /covid- -impact-on-ethnic-minorities-linked-to-housing-and-air-pollution">live in crappy houses with bad air quality</a>, or work in the most dangerous, often low paid jobs. the uk government's own report notes:</p> <aside> <p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid- -review-of-disparities-in-risks-and-outcomes">disparities in the risk and outcomes of covid- </a> - released june, updated august</p> </aside> <blockquote> <p>people who live in deprived areas have higher diagnosis rates and death rates than those living in less deprived areas. the mortality rates from covid- in the most deprived areas were more than double the least deprived areas, for both males and females.<br /> ...high diagnosis rates may be due to geographic proximity to infections or a high proportion of workers in occupations that are more likely to be exposed.</p> </blockquote> <p>the pattern of second-wave infections in melbourne was likewise all too obvious: the suburbs with the most frequent and large case clusters were those housing the most tenuously employed in the lowest paid jobs. it's marginalisation, not genes, that makes people more likely to get covid.</p> <p>staying at home and avoiding contact with potential infections is much easier when everyone is guaranteed to <em>have</em> a home, and doesn't have to worry about paying rent or a mortgage. staying away from a crowded or dangerous workplace is easy for someone like me, in an office-based professional job. it's impossible for someone staring at eviction and hunger if they don't turn up, as is the case for abattoir and warehouse workers, or those without the right government paperwork.</p> <h >work sucks</h > <p>and that's a problem, according to martin betts. the fact that i have some kind of job security, i mean. he thinks it would be <a href="https://campusmorningmail.com.au/news/the-future-for-education-and-learning-is-exciting">much more "exciting"</a> for us if all university staff were uberised short-contract or sham contract workers, instead of the only <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/ - - /university-casual-workforce-redundancies-dirty-secret/ "> % of us</a> who already are. you will be shocked to learn martin describes himself as a "strategic consultant" and <a href="https://au.linkedin.com/in/martin-betts-a b">"thought leader"</a>.</p> <p>it's the reliance on cash income and a market economy for every facet of life that has caused so much trouble in this pandemic and of course well before it. what, exactly, is so great about a "job"? <a href="https://thenewinquiry.com/work-sucks/">work sucks</a>. capitalists only ever got people to work for wages by violently cutting off access to systems of community sustenance, whether in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/enclosure">british isles</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/trail_of_tears">north america</a>, <a href="https://sum.cuny.edu/coffeeland-history-book-augustine-sedgewick/">el salvador</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wave_hill_walk-off">australia</a> or elsewhere. it's not "jobs" or "work" that people need. it's sustenance, meaning, and connection. or as authors in <em>uneven earth</em> <a href="http://unevenearth.org/ / /make-life-not-work-democratizing-decommodifying-and-remediating-existence">noted</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>the coronavirus pandemic has clearly revealed the rather limited list of jobs and sectors that are essential for meeting society’s basic needs.</p> </blockquote> <p>a "sector" that has recently gained a lot of attention for all the wrong reasons is what is euphemistically called the "care industry". when "economic growth" is prized above all other things due to a fantasy that it "improves living standards", we should expect to see something exactly like this. socialised to follow individual lives in a system structured to make the alternative difficult, saddled with huge debts or outrageous rents in order to live in poorly constructed housing, and working unpredictable or inflexible schedules, we warehouse the old, the unwell, and disabled. in exchange for the work of providing for their needs on our behalf, other desperate workers are paid ever so slightly above minimum wage, with no prospect of promotion or progression. david speers recently proposed that the solution to this depressing state of affairs is to double down. <em><a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/ - - /steering-unemployed-young-people-into-caring-careers/ ">steering unemployed young people into caring careers might just pay off</a></em> he suggests. the only people who have "careers" that "pay off" in the "care sector" are the executives in head office and the corporate board members. everybody else just has a shit job — often literally.</p> <p>a <a href="https://aeon.co/ideas/a-history-of-true-civilisation-is-not-one-of-monuments">truly civilised society</a> would see that care is essential, and care is an abomination. that providing good housing for all is an obligation, and real estate is violence. that the health of the populace is largely determined by the health of the society they live in. it would work together rather than having jobs alone. it sure as hell wouldn't make you work ten hour days making shitty ads and call it romance.</p> <hr /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 hugh rundle 	 open library: importing your goodreads &amp; accessing them with open library’s apis 	 https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /importing-your-goodreads-accessing-them-with-open-librarys-apis/ 	 <p>by <a href="http://twitter.com/mekarpeles">mek</a></p> <p>today <a href="https://joealcorn.co.uk/">joe alcorn</a>, founder of <a href="https://beta.readng.co/">readng</a>, published an <a href="https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api">article</a> (<a href="https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api">https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api</a>) sharing news with readers that amazon’s goodreads service is in the process of retiring their developer apis, with an effective start date of last tuesday, december th, . </p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="deprecation notice on goodreads api documentation" src="https://joealcorn.co.uk/assets/img/posts/ / /deprecated.png" />a screenshot taken from <a href="https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api">joe alcorn’s post</a> </figure> <p>the topic <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id= ">stirred discussion</a> among developers and book lovers alike, making the front-page of the popular <a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/">hacker news</a> website. </p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " src="https://blog.openlibrary.org/files/ / /news.ycombinator.com_news- x .png" />hacker news at - - : pm pacific.</figure> <h >the importance of apis</h > <p>for those who are new to the term, an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/api">api</a> is a method of accessing data in a way which is designed for computers to consume rather than people. apis often allow computers to subscribe to (i.e. listen for) events and then take actions. for example, let’s say you wanted to tweet every time your favorite author published a new book. one could sit on goodreads and refresh the website every fifteen minutes. or, one might write a twitter bot which automatically connects to goodreads and checks real-time data using its api. in fact, the reason why twitter bots work, is that they use twitter’s api, a mechanism which lets specially designed computer programs submit tweets to the platform.<br /><br />as one of the more popular book services online today, tens of thousands of readers and organizations rely on amazon’s goodreads apis to lookup information about books and to power their book-related applications across the web. some authors rely on the data to showcase their works on their personal homepages, online book stores to promote their inventory, innovative new services like <a href="https://beta.thestorygraph.com/">thestorygraph</a> are using this data to help readers discover new insights, and even librarians and scholastic websites rely on book data apis to make sure their catalog information is as up to date and accurate as possible for their patrons.</p> <p>for years, the open library team has been enthusiastic to share the book space with friends like goodreads who have historically shown great commitment by enabling patrons to control (download and export) their own data and enabling developers to create flourishing ecosystems which promote books and readership through their apis. when it comes to serving an audience of book lovers, there is no “one size fits all” and we’re glad so many different platforms and apis exist to provide experiences which meet the needs of different communities. and we’d like to do our part to keep the landscape flourishing. </p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>“the sad thing is it [retiring their apis] really only hurts the hobbyist projects and goodreads users themselves.” — <a href="https://joealcorn.co.uk/">joe alcorn</a></p></blockquote> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://img.thedailybeast.com/image/upload/c_crop,d_placeholder_euli k,h_ ,w_ ,x_ ,y_ /dpr_ . /c_limit,w_ /fl_lossy,q_auto/v /articles/ / / /aaron-swartz- -programmer-outspoken-advocate-of-free-information/aaron-swartz-bookstore_oofjvl" />picture of aaron swartz by noah berger/landov from <a href="https://blog.openlibrary.org/aaron-swartz- -programmer-outspoken-advocate-of-free-information">thedailybeast</a></figure> <p>at open library, our top priority is pursuing <a href="http://www.aaronsw.com/">aaron swartz</a>‘s original mission: to serve as an open book catalog for the public (one page for every book ever published) and ensure our community always has free, open data to unlock a world of possibilities. a world which believes in the power of reading to preserve our cultural heritage and empower education and understanding. we sincerely hope that amazon will decide it’s in goodreads’ best interests to re-instate their apis. but either way, open library is committed to helping readers, developers, and all book lovers have autonomy over their data and direct access to the data they rely on.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " height=" " src="https://blog.openlibrary.org/files/ / /news.ycombinator.com_item_id - x .png" width=" " />one reason patrons appreciate open library is that it aligns with their values</figure> <h ><strong>imports &amp; exports</strong></h > <p>in august , one of our google summer of code contributors <a href="https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /google-summer-of-code- -book-lovers-adoption/">tabish shaikh</a> helped us implement an <a href="https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /google-summer-of-code- -book-lovers-adoption/">export option for open library reading logs</a> to help everyone retain full control of their book data. we also created a goodreads import feature to help patrons who may want an easy way to check which goodreads titles may be available to borrow from the internet archive’s <a href="https://controlleddigitallending.org/">controlled digital lending</a> program via openlibrary.org and to help patrons organize all their books in one place. we didn’t make a fuss about this feature at the time, because we knew patrons have a lot of options. but things can change quickly and we want patrons to be able to make that decision for themselves.</p> <p><strong>for those who may not have known, </strong>amazon’s goodreads website provides an option for downloading/exporting a list of books from one’s bookshelves. you may find <a href="https://help.goodreads.com/s/article/how-do-i-import-or-export-my-books- ">instructions on this goodreads export process here</a>. open library’s <a href="https://openlibrary.org/account/import">goodreads importer</a> enables patrons to take this exported dump of their goodreads bookshelves and automatically add matching titles to their open library <a href="https://openlibrary.org/account/books">reading logs</a>.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/irpw crkeqk gulempjlru- l yor uqtunn vsvmp ef ovx-mblkz h-mctk_nndatggvub jegyhaefh-uask fwmdvq ds ppbvwkkv dezaww kghficdy dcskxoeqqf" />the goodreads import feature from <a href="https://openlibrary.org/account/import">https://openlibrary.org/account/import</a></figure></div> <p><strong>known issues. </strong>currently, open library’s goodreads importer only works for (a) titles that are in the open library catalog and (b) which are new enough to have isbns. our staff and community are committed to continuing to improve our catalog to include more titles (we added more than m titles this year) and we plan to improve our importer to support other id types like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/oclc#identifiers_and_linked_data">oclc</a> and <a href="https://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/identifiers.html">loc</a>.</p> <h ><strong>apis &amp; data</strong></h > <p>developers and book overs who have been relying on amazon’s goodreads apis are not out of luck. there are several wonderful services, many of them open-source, including open library, which offer free apis:</p> <ol><li><strong>wikidata.org</strong> (by the same group who brought us wikipedia) is a treasure trove of metadata on authors and books. open library gratefully leverages this powerful resource to enrich our pages.</li><li><strong>inventaire.io</strong> is a wonderful service which uses wikidata and openlibrary data (api: <a href="https://api.inventaire.io/">api.inventaire.io</a>)</li><li><strong>bookbrainz.org</strong> (by the group who runs musicbrainz) is a up-and-coming catalog of books</li><li><strong>worldcat</strong> by oclc offers various <a href="https://www.oclc.org/developer/develop/web-services/worldcat-metadata-api.en.html">metadata apis</a></li></ol> <p>did we miss any? please let us know! we’d love to work together, build stronger integrations with, and support other book-loving services.</p> <p><strong>open library’s apis. </strong>and of course, open library has a free, open, <a href="https://openlibrary.org/dev/docs/api/books">book api</a> which spans nearly <a href="https://openlibrary.org/stats"> million</a> books.</p> <p><strong>bulk data. </strong>if you need access to all our data, open library releases a free <a href="https://openlibrary.org/developers/dumps">monthly bulk data dump of authors, books, and more</a>.</p> <h >spoiler: <strong>everything on open library is an api</strong>!</h > <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://i.imgflip.com/ q ed .jpg" /></figure> <p>one of my favorite parts of open library is that practically every page <strong>is</strong> an api. all that is required is adding “.json” to the end. here are some examples:</p> <p><strong>search</strong><br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/search">https://openlibrary.org/search?q=lord+of+the+rings</a> is our search page for humans…<br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/search.json?q=">https://openlibrary.org/search.json?q=</a><a href="https://openlibrary.org/search">lord+of+the+rings</a> is our search api!<br /><br /><strong>books</strong><br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_rationality">https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_rationality</a> is the human page for harry potter and the methods of rationality…<br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json">https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json</a> is its api!<br /><br /><strong>authors</strong><br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots">https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots</a> is a human readable author page…<br /><a href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots">https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a.json</a> and here is the api!</p> <h >did we mention: full-text search over m books?</h > <p>major hat tip to the internet archive’s giovanni damiola for this one: folks may also appreciate the ability to <a href="https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books">full-text search across m of the internet archive’s books</a> (<a href="https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books">https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books</a>) on open library: </p> <p>you can try it directly here:<br /><a href="http://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish">http://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish</a></p> <p>as per usual, nearly all open library urls <em>are</em> themselves apis, e.g.:<br /><a href="http://openlibrary.org/search/inside.json?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish">http://openlibrary.org/search/inside.json?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish</a></p> <h >get involved</h > <p><strong>questions?</strong> open library is an free, <a href="https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary">open-source</a>, nonprofit project run by the <a href="http://archive.org/">internet archive</a>. we do our development transparently in public (<a href="https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary">here’s our code</a>) and our community spanning more than volunteers meets every week, tuesday @ : am pacific. please <a href="https://openlibrary.org/volunteer">contact us to join our call</a> and participate in the process.</p> <p><strong>bugs? </strong>if something isn’t working as expected, please let us know by <a href="https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary/issues/new/choose">opening an issue</a> or <a href="https://openlibrary.org/volunteer">joining our weekly community calls</a>.</p> <p><strong>want to share thanks?</strong> please follow up on twitter: <a href="https://twitter.com/openlibrary">https://twitter.com/openlibrary</a> and <span style="background: yellow;">let us know how you’re using our apis</span>!</p> <h >thank you</h > <p>a special thank you to our lead developers <a href="http://twitter.com/cdrini">drini cami</a>, chris clauss, and one of our lead volunteer engineers, aaron, for spending their weekend helping fix a python bug which was temporarily preventing goodreads imports from succeeding.</p> <h >a decentralized future</h > <p>the internet archive has a history cultivating and supporting the decentralized web. we operate a <a href="https://dweb.archive.org/details/home">decentralized version of archive.org</a> and host regular meetups and summits to galvanize the distributed web community.</p> <p>in the future, we can imagine a world where no single website controls all of your data, but rather patrons can participate in a decentralized, distributed network. you may be interested to try bookwyrm, an <a href="https://github.com/mouse-reeve/bookwyrm">open-source decentralized project</a> by <a href="https://github.com/mouse-reeve">mouse</a>, former engineer on the internet archive’s archive-it team.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 mek 	 andromeda yelton: though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. 	 https://andromedayelton.com/ / / /though-these-be-matrices-yet-there-is-method-in-them/ 	 <p>when i first trained a neural net on , theses to make <a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com">hamlet</a>, one of the things i most wanted to do is be able to visualize them. if <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/ . ">word vec</a> places documents ‘near’ each other in some kind of inferred conceptual space, we should be able to see some kind of map of them, yes? even if i <a href="https://andromedayelton.com/ / / /lets-visualize-some-hamlet-data-or-d -and-t-sne-for-the-lols/">don’t actually know what i’m doing</a>?</p> <p>turns out: yes. and it’s even better than i’d imagined.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " src="https://andromedayeltondotcom.files.wordpress.com/ / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -pm.png?w= " /> , graduate theses, arranged by their conceptual similarity.</figure> <p>let me take you on a tour!</p> <p><strong>region </strong> is biochemistry. the red dots are biology; the orange ones, chemistry. theses here include <em><em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">positional cloning and characterization of the mouse pudgy locus</a></em></em> and <em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">biosynthetic engineering for the assembly of better drugs</a></em>. if you look closely, you will see a handful of dots in different colors, like a buttery yellow. this color is electrical engineering &amp; computer science, and its dots in this region include <em><em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">computational regulatory genomics : motifs, networks, and dynamics</a></em></em> — that is to say, a computational biology thesis that happens to have been housed in computation rather than biology.</p> <p>the green south of <strong>region </strong> is physics. but you will note a bit of orange here. yes, that’s chemistry again; for example, <em><em><em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules</a></em></em>.</em> if (like me), you almost majored in chemistry and realized only your senior year that the only chemistry classes that interested you were the ones that were secretly physics…this is your happy place. in fact, most of the theses here concern nuclear magnetic resonance applications.</p> <p><strong>region </strong> has a striking vertical green stripe which turns out to be the nuclear engineering department. but you’ll see some orange streaks curling around it like fingers, almost suggesting three-dimensional depth. i point this out as a reminder that the original neural net embeds these , documents in a -dimensional space; i have projected that down to dimensions because i don’t know about you but i find dimensions somewhat challenging to visualize. however — just as objects may overlap in a -dimensional photo even when they are quite distant in -dimensional space — dots that are close together in this projection may be quite far apart in reality. trust the overall structure more than each individual element. the map is not the territory.</p> <p>that little yellow thumb by <strong>region </strong> is mathematics, now a tiny appendage off of the giant discipline it spawned — our old friend buttery yellow, aka electrical engineering &amp; computer science. if you zoom in enough you find eecs absolutely everywhere, applied to all manner of disciplines (as above with biology), but the bulk of it — including the quintessential parts, like compilers — is right here.</p> <p>dramatically red <strong>region </strong>, clustered together tightly and at the far end, is architecture. this is a renowned department (it graduated <a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/author/ /">i.m. pei</a>!), but definitely a different sort of creature than most of mit, so it makes sense that it’s at one extreme of the map. that said, the other two programs in its school — urban studies &amp; planning and media arts &amp; sciences — are just to its north.</p> <p><strong>region </strong> — tiny, yellow, and pale; you may have missed it at first glance — is linguistics island, housing theses such as <em><em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">topics in the stress and syntax of words</a></em></em>. you see how there are also a handful of red dots on this island? they are brain &amp; cognitive science theses — and in particular, ones that are secretly linguistics, like <em><em><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/ /">intonational phrasing in language production and comprehension</a></em></em>. similarly — although at mit it is not the department of linguistics, but the department of linguistics &amp; philosophy — the philosophy papers are elsewhere. (a few of the very most abstract ones are hanging out near math.)</p> <p>and what about <strong>region </strong>, the stingray swimming vigorously away from everything else? i spent a long time looking at this and not seeing a pattern. you can tell there’s a lot of colors (departments) there, randomly assorted; even looking at individual titles i couldn’t see anything. only when i looked at the original documents did i realize that <em>this is the island of terrible ocr</em>. almost everything here is an older thesis, with low-quality printing or even typewriting, often in a regrettable font, maybe with the reverse side of the page showing through. (<a href="https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/ . / / -mit.pdf?sequence= &amp;isallowed=y">a randomly chosen example</a>; pdf download.)</p> <p>a good reminder of the importance of high-quality digitization labor. a heartbreaking example of the things we throw away when we make paper the archival format for born-digital items. and also a technical inspiration — look how much vector space we’ve had to carve out to make room for these! the poor neural net, trying desperately to find signal in the noise, needing all this space to do it. i’m tempted to throw out the entire leftmost quarter of this graph, rerun the d projection, and see what i get — would we be better able to see the structures in the high-quality data if they had room to breathe? and were i to rerun the entire neural net training process again, i’d want to include some sort of threshhold score for ocr quality. it would be a shame to throw things away — especially since they will be a nonrandom sample, mostly older theses — but i have already had to throw away things i could not ocr at all in an earlier pass, and, again, i suspect the neural net would do a better job organizing the high-quality documents if it could use the whole vector space to spread them out, rather than needing some of it to encode the information “this is terrible ocr and must be kept away from its fellows”.</p> <hr class="wp-block-separator" /> <p>clearly i need to share the technical details of how i did this, but this post is already too long, so maybe next week. tl;dr i reached out to matt miller after reading his cool post on <a href="https://medium.com/@thisismattmiller/vectorizing-the-dpla- d c fc b a">vectorizing the dpla</a> and he tipped me off to <a href="https://umap-learn.readthedocs.io/">umap</a> and here we are — thanks, matt!</p> <p>and just as clearly you want to play with this too, right? well, it’s super not ready to be integrated into hamlet due to any number of usability issues but if you promise to forgive me those — <a href="https://thatandromeda.github.io/hamlet/first_labeled_interactive_plot_omg.html">have fun</a>. you see how when you hover over a dot you get a label with the format <code> . -x.txt</code>? it corresponds to a url of the format <code><a href="https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/x" rel="nofollow">https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/x</a></code>. go play :).</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 andromeda 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-carolina-hernandez/ 	 <p><em><img alt="carolina hernandez" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /hernandez-carolina.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by carolina hernandez (<b><a href="https://twitter.com/carolina_hrndz">@carolina_hrndz</a>)</b>, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy. </em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i have been interested in attending the dlf forum for a few years now, but the timing was never quite right until this year. with the conference being both online and free, it was a no brainer for me to finally attend. considering i am an instruction librarian, though, it may seem like an odd choice for me. however, in part because of my previous experience with curating the </span><a href="https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/"><span style="font-weight: ;">oregon digital newspaper project</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> at the university of oregon, i’ve been interested in exploring the many ways digital library technologies and digital collections themselves can be incorporated into information literacy instruction. with covid- entirely moving our instruction to the online realm, this interest has become an imperative. this conference has confirmed for me that there are many ways these areas intersect and could inform my instructional approach.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">while many of the sessions i watched did not directly address pedagogy, there was still so much i was able to glean from the presentations that i could take back to my realm. the main thing that popped out at me was the way so many presenters addressed accessibility in one way or another. of course, this stood out the most with the “</span><a href="https:// clirevents.aviaryplatform.com/r/ht g p n"><span style="font-weight: ;">creating accessible and inclusive content</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">” combo session, which began with rebecca bayeck’s clarification of the difference between accessibility and inclusivity, two terms that are often used interchangeably. while accessibility is more about making sure that the final product is “usable by people with all abilities,” bayeck made the important distinction that inclusivity goes a step beyond that to also make sure individuals “feel comfortable/safe when using [it].” this is something i try to keep in mind when lesson planning, how it’s important to not only make sure that students are able to access the learning materials in whatever way works best for them, but that they also find the relevance of information literacy to their own lives.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">in another presentation from this session, daniella levy-pinto and mark weiler noted some of these issues, such as “unlabeled buttons or links,” which can be hard to identify properly for those using screen readers. in fact, several presenters and attendees emphasized the importance of testing platforms and content with screen readers. carli spina also spoke about the importance of including audio descriptions and transcripts for audio-video content and also mentioned specific tools, such as </span><a href="http://ncamftp.wgbh.org/cadet/"><span style="font-weight: ;">cadet</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, that can help create these necessary points of access. cadet, or caption and description editing tool, is free and allows you to create captions and timed scripts, but it can also be used to more easily add audio descriptions. </span></p> <figure class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_ " style="width: px;"><img alt="screenshot of the cadet interface" class="wp-image- size-large" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /cadet.png?resize= % c " width=" " />screenshot of the cadet interface. image credit: carli spina</figure> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">it was helpful to see some of these accessibility best practices in action via the conference itself. because presentations were recorded in advance, they were able to include both closed captioning and transcripts for each one. conference coordinators encouraged attendees to make their postings in slack accessible as well by including image descriptions whenever a picture was included. this emphasized for me how it’s not only important to create accessible learning materials, but to foster a community that encourages others to follow suit. it is a helpful model for my instruction team as we move forward with helping our liaison colleagues with their own instruction.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">as i’ve been considering how to build lesson plans and activities around digital collections, the other session that stood out to me was the panel “</span><a href="https:// clirevents.aviaryplatform.com/r/ n c t c"><span style="font-weight: ;">us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future.</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">” the presenters gabriela baeza ventura, carolina villarroel, linda garcia merchant, and lorena gauthereau spoke about the us latino digital humanities program based at the university of houston, my current institution. this made their work immediately relevant to mine, as they are already working with part of the same community i teach. what stood out to me most, though, was their use of “omeka as pedagogy.” baeza ventura talked about her specific experience with teaching an undergraduate class wherein students used omeka to curate an exhibit, thus allowing them to “contribute to knowledge production.” this freirean approach to teaching is very much in line with </span><a href="https://libraries.uh.edu/research/instruction/information-literacy/"><span style="font-weight: ;">our instruction team’s programmatic information literacy outcomes</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, which focus on encouraging students to see themselves as information creators.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">with a lot about the coming year still up in the air, my team and i plan to continue our efforts to strengthen both the synchronous and asynchronous online learning content we offer as it seems likely the demand for online teaching will certainly not go away. i am looking forward to bringing a lot of these ideas from the dlf community back to my department and finding ways to incorporate them into our pedagogy.</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-carolina-hernandez/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 lucidworks: how iot &amp; industry . relate — and why manufacturers should care 	 https://lucidworks.com/post/how-are-iot-and-industry- -related/ 	 <p>here’s the skinny on industry . and the internet of things and what smart manufacturers are doing to leverage the data they both produce.</p> <p>the post <a href="https://lucidworks.com/post/how-are-iot-and-industry- -related/" rel="nofollow">how iot &amp; industry . relate — and why manufacturers should care</a> appeared first on <a href="https://lucidworks.com" rel="nofollow">lucidworks</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 andrew c. oliver 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-rebecca-bayeck/ 	 <p><em><img alt="rebecca bayeck" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /bayeck-rebecca.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by rebecca bayeck (<b><a href="https://twitter.com/rybayeck">@rybayeck</a>)</b>, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design &amp; technology and comparative &amp; international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies. </em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the year is, without a doubt, complex, filled with multiple challenges as well as opportunities. from remote working/online learning environments to conferencing in a virtual space, everyone has tried and is still trying to adjust to the “new normal” or maybe “new abnormal”. among those adjusting to the world of social distancing is the digital library federation (dlf) forum. the dlf forum was my first introduction to and participation in the work completed by this community of librarians and library enthusiasts.  </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the dlf forum was in a virtual format. though i would have loved to visit baltimore, interact in-person with my clir cohort, and experience the food culture of baltimore restaurants, the virtual space still provided a space for encounters and meaningful interactions. the conference organizers used two platforms: aviary for pre-recorded presentation viewing and slack for questions and dialogue with attendees. both platforms created a unique and complimentary online experience. for instance, each video had captions and a downloadable transcript, making the content more accessible. slack discussions created a sense of community, and gave me a sense of belonging through the interaction among participants. it was a common practice for participants through emojis to like, applaud, or reply to a post/comment (figure ). </span></p> <figure class="wp-caption alignnone" id="attachment_ " style="width: px;"><img alt="screenshot from #newcomers slack channel" class="wp-image- size-large" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /dlf.png?resize= % c " width=" " />figure . slack newcomers channel dlf forms of interaction</figure> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">slack’s direct message option further personalized my experience of the online conference. i directly exchanged with some attendees, and established personal rapport. however, my major takeaway from the dlf forum was inclusion, shown in the accessibility efforts deployed by the organizers, and in the diversity of topics covered by presenters. the conference brought to the forefront research/topics that have received less attention in the past, and should be discussed today across disciplines and fields. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley presentation on </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> was so inspiring. in my view, it captured the essence of digitization and how it should be done. it is important for individuals engaged in digitization efforts to always ask whether “the value to cultural communities, researchers, or the public outweighs the potential for harm or exploitation of the people, resources, or knowledge.”  it is about not harming or causing harm to the various stakeholders who will see or engage with our final product. this balancing principle can be applied to any research, design, development, or digitization endeavors. paraphrasing stacey patton, dlf forum plenary keynote speaker, “how the knowledge came about, [who it will harm, and who will claim ownership of it] is as important as the knowledge itself.” juliet hardesty from indiana university’s presentation on </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> gave a powerful insight into why it is important to incorporate community vocabulary to broaden access to knowledge/data, and fight biases. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">being a panelist in the session </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">creating accessible and inclusive content </span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">and presenting on </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">addressing issues of accessibility: urgency in a world of social distancing</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">, added to my experience. my interest in issues of accessibility for blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing individuals in this era of social distancing facilitated conversation with other session presenters on the accessibility of this conference for screen reader users. from our conversation, it became obvious that the organizers needed to be commended for providing scripts and captions for the recorded videos. dee, who is blind and uses a screen reader to access contents, and micky, who is sighted, but did use a screen reader said about their experiences: </span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: ;">dee: i do appreciate knowing that there is a caption and there is like, the scripts and everything. it does make you feel more welcome and it does make you realize yes, they’re making an effort. applause should be given for, you know, for the effort and definitely you know even the fact there is like, an accessibility session or stream, that’s important.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">micky: but if i could say one thing is, i think, i know people were making efforts into making it accessible. i think applause is very much deserved. and i think keep, we got to keep trying and we gotta keep finding innovative ways of working together and collaborating. so i would want people to feel encouraged that there’s more work to be done. but let’s pursue it as a team and then pursue it together because it’s worth it.</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">nevertheless, dee and micky did have some suggestions for creating accessible conference experiences: </span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: ;">dee: the first thing i may say would be to include in the planning committee. </span><span style="font-weight: ;">kind of representation from all the groups that you would like to have at the conference, because they will help think about, in this case, about screen readers and which tool and will it be interactive and you know if we want to make it interactive, is there an option or how can we? you know, it’s necessary for someone to think about those things…ensure to have broad representation in the planning committee, or if not in the planning committee, make a point to reach out and consult. so, engage with people with lived experience of whatever the conference you know is trying to accomplish. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">micky:  if i could make a suggestion that might just be to have a panel with like, just in this particular case, disabled leaders in the glam field. you know there’s, i’m sure, a ton out there that would love to have a platform to share from the perspectives of making libraries you know, gallery’s archives, museums, accessible. maybe, it’s inviting the leaders to come and present to the whole forum.</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">these suggestions for future conferences are so important because dee and micky had difficulties using their screen readers with slack and aviary. for instance, dee, on the day of the panel, felt she cheated by relying on micky and “by accessing the videos directly from the google drive not in aviary because then i had to figure out where the play button was and like the website was a bit clunky with jaws”. having slack and aviary added:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: ;">more things you need to interact with and like, i think we know that slack is accessible, like it works with screen readers, because we could make it work, but really the extra time that you need to put into learning how to use it and use it effectively (dee). </span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">regarding slack, micky said: </span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: ;">practice beforehand, which i think is helpful. if it was simpler that you could reduce that amount of time it takes to, that’s required to familiarize oneself…and then when it’s active, there’s another layer of complexity of  information overload too. because of all that activity, i think it just took me a long time. i wonder how long it would take someone who didn’t have, you know, that was pursuing this independently.</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">attending the dlf forum was inspiring not only in terms of the topics addressed, but also in the opportunity it created for me to gain insights into the conference experience of screen reader users. it is critical in the era of online conferences to take into consideration the experiences of these attendees in the choice of conference platforms. much more can be said, and i believe it is important to not only design/plan for, but also design/plan with individuals with lived experiences (e.g., screen reader users, blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing, or individuals with cognitive abilities). </span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-rebecca-bayeck/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-ana-hilda-figueroa-de-jesus/ 	 <p><img alt="ana hilda figueroa de jesús" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /figueroa-de-jesus-ana-hilda.jpeg?resize= % c " width=" " /><em>this post was written by ana hilda figueroa de jesús, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries.</em></p> <hr /> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">community</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">, a repeated concept during the virtual dlf forum, transitioned from a word to a mantra. from my home in puerto rico, i listened and learned from peers who shared their professional and academic experiences. it was my first time attending this forum. lots of questions popped into my mind, particularly: why would staff insist on creating a virtual “community,” of four days duration, with an audience currently experiencing and being exposed to social injustice within their surroundings and media? what does “building a community” mean? </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;"><img alt="ana holding a coffee cup and smiling for a forum photo booth image" class="size-medium wp-image- alignright" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /afigueroa-community-journalist-image- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />i would like to thank the dlf staff’s commitment. when i received notice that i was selected as a community journalist, my first observation was my last name. the correct spelling and grammar of my name are much more than my cover letter, it represents and brings value to where i come from and those who came before me. i noticed the correct inclusion of the accent mark on “de jesús.” in that moment i knew my voice would be respected in the discourse. the physical distance between attendees was no obstacle. the forum implemented digital platforms such as slack and aviary. presentations included transcripts and, since they were previously recorded, i could pause and rewind the video when a new term was introduced. if anyone had a tech problem or just wasn’t familiar with the apps, staff was available to help immediately. each speaker mentioned their preferred pronouns and acknowledged the indigenous homelands from where they spoke. being inclusive both in theory and practice was a priority. as a puerto rican woman of color with low resources, a first-generation college student and an undergraduate scholar, i saw benefit in this opportunity.  </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the forum sessions reminded me of particular aspects of archives as spaces of data justice, cultural and social responsibility, knowledge production, and alternate historical narratives. in </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">, juliet hardesty explained the importance of being conscious of racial categories, first nation groups, non-binary people, and others when including metadata such as subjects, genres, and languages. as an example, she discussed linked data across institutions and the distinction between “exactmatch” and “closematch.” through this conference, i sought to learn and carry out new interdisciplinary perspectives in my roles as a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian institution libraries and as an assistant to the curator and director at the history, anthropology and art museum of the university of puerto rico. one of the most relevant presentations for me was </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> by sharon mizota. she explained the anti-colonialist, anti-racist, feminist, queer, accessible, and multilingual lens of data. also, she examined taxonomy guidelines that included sensitive subject areas. to illustrate this, she reflected on adopting the terms “latinx” instead of “latino” or “hispanic,” and “homeless people” instead of “homelessness” or “tramp.” </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i also attended discussions of human rights movements such as </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">blm, community activism and digital archiving in the era of george floyd</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">. other social matters were considered in the lightning talk titled </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">pandemic pivot: how to take your event online, reach new audiences, and build even stronger communities,</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> and the panel </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">creating a virtual community for virtual reality: challenges and solutions for program building during a pandemic</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">. another engaging talk was </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">us latino digital humanities: recovering the past, creating the future</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">. i would like to mention a crucial keynote by dr. linda garcia merchant when discussing chicana feminist scholar maria cotera, [the importance of understanding] “the archive as a living active experience of “encuentro” between the present and the past, with the potential to enact new strategies of allegiance and a new praxis”. i believe that this idea of encounter is linked with the dlf forum’s “building a community” proposal. </span><img alt="screenshot of us latino dh panel on aviary" class="alignnone wp-image- size-large" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /afigueroa-community-journalist-image.png?resize= % c " width=" " /><span style="font-weight: ;">we must review our reactions and interactions with each other, including those within academia. our involvement with the writing of histories makes us judges of how and what is told. something i learned from this experience is that beyond our professional responsibilities, we have a social contract and accountability. information must be accessible to traditionally marginalized public. stories, agents and terms that once were excluded from the official narrative must be taken into consideration. the virtual dlf forum included more than spaces for education. it was about feedback, mutual aid, being open to new perspectives, and building a community. </span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-ana-hilda-figueroa-de-jesus/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 lucidworks: solr streaming expressions enables advanced search and filtering in fitch connect 	 https://lucidworks.com/post/solr-streaming-expressions/ 	 <p>learn how fitch solutions used streaming expressions to search complex datasets.</p> <p>the post <a href="https://lucidworks.com/post/solr-streaming-expressions/" rel="nofollow">solr streaming expressions enables advanced search and filtering in fitch connect</a> appeared first on <a href="https://lucidworks.com" rel="nofollow">lucidworks</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 sommer antrim 	 david rosenthal: risc vs. cisc 	 https://blog.dshr.org/ / /risc-vs-cisc.html 	 the <a href="https://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/courses/soco/projects/risc/risccisc/">architectural debate</a> between complex instruction set computers (cisc) and reduced instruction set conputers (risc) really <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/reduced_instruction_set_computing">took off in the s</a>:<br /><blockquote>in particular, two projects at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stanford_university" title="stanford university">stanford university</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/university_of_california,_berkeley" title="university of california, berkeley">university of california, berkeley</a> are most associated with the popularization of this concept. stanford's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stanford_mips" title="stanford mips">mips</a> would go on to be commercialized as the successful <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/mips_architecture" title="mips architecture">mips architecture</a>, while berkeley's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/berkeley_risc" title="berkeley risc">risc</a> gave its name to the entire concept and was commercialized as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/sparc" title="sparc">sparc</a>. </blockquote>for the last decade or more the debate has seemed frozen, with the cisc x architecture dominating the server and desktop markets, while the risc arm architecture dominated the mobile market. but two recent developments are shaking things up. below the fold, some discussion.<br /><span><a name="more"></a></span><table align="center" cellpadding=" " cellspacing=" " class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https:// .bp.blogspot.com/-q-c limsxrs/x wvsqtdcyi/aaaaaaaagcq/gwczetijglwftnll_y_lcinpqcdnzx jgclcbgasyhq/s /m .png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border=" " src="https:// .bp.blogspot.com/-q-c limsxrs/x wvsqtdcyi/aaaaaaaagcq/gwczetijglwftnll_y_lcinpqcdnzx jgclcbgasyhq/s /m .png" width=" " /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.apple.com/mac/m /">source</a></td></tr></tbody></table><br />last month, apple announced three products, mac mini, mac air, and " macbook pro based on their arm-based m chip to <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/ / /mac-mini-and-apple-silicon-m -review-not-so-crazy-after-all/">ecstatic reviews</a>:<br /><blockquote>the mac mini (and its new macbook air and -inch macbook pro siblings) has apple’s m system-on-a-chip, which includes an -core gpu, a cpu with four performance and four efficiency cores, a -core neural processing unit (npu) called the neural engine, and a whole bunch of other stuff.<br /><br />built on the arm instruction set architecture (arm isa), the m features billion transistors and was manufactured in a nm process. according to apple, each performance core in the m qualifies as the world’s fastest cpu core to date, while the efficiency cores match the performance of some recent intel macs. </blockquote>all three replace products using intel x chips, and the head-to-head comparisons showed the risc completely outclassing the cisc in a market segment it had dominated for decades. clearly this is a big deal.<br /><br />now, the are some obvious reasons why intel is at a disadvantage in these comparisons. apple's m is brand new, where the intel chips are a couple of years old. and the m uses a nm process, where <a href="https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-announces-delay-to- nm-processors-now-one-year-behind-expectations">intel has been struggling to upgrade its fabs</a>:<br /><blockquote>intel's press release also says that yields for its nm process are now twelve months behind the company's internal targets, meaning the company isn't currently on track to produce its nm process in an economically viable way. the company now says its nm cpus will not debut on the market until late or early . </blockquote>but the m also compares well to amd's nm x cpus so this isn't the whole explanation. erik engheim's <a href="https://erik-engheim.medium.com/why-is-apples-m -chip-so-fast- b cba "><i>why is apple’s m chip so fast?</i></a> provides an excellent explanation for the lay audience. he starts from the basics (what is a microprocessor (cpu)?) and goes on to explain that whereas intel and amd make cpus that others build into systems such as pcs and servers, apple makes systems that are implemented as a single chip, a system-on-chip (soc). apple can do this where intel and amd can't because the soc isn't their product, their product is a mac that includes a soc as a component.<br /><br />one thing we understood when we started nvidia more than a quarter of a century ago was that custom silicon to perform critical functions, such as d graphics, was an essential component of a pc. but the custom silicon had to be a separate chip. we used a state-of-the-art nm process. at nm apple can put , times as many gates in the same chip area. so apple can include the precise set of additional custom processors that match the needs to the product. in this case, not just gpu cores, neural engine cores, but also two different implementations of the arm architecture, optimized for speed and optimized for efficiency to extend battery life.<br /><br />engheim explains the two main ways of making cpus faster using the same process and the same clock rate, multiple cores and out-of-order execution, and their limitations. in the server space, having lots of cores makes a lot of sense; the demand is for many simultaneous tasks from many simultaneous users, and the alternative to adding cores to a cpu is to add cpus to a server, which is more expensive.<br /><br />but in the pc space there is only one user, and although the demand will be for several simultaneous threads, once that demand is satisfied extra cores provide no benefit. the m 's cores are probably more than enough, which is indicated by apple envisaging that, most of the time, the low-power "efficiency" cores will do all the work. note that, in adding cores, the only advantage risc provides is that the simpler instruction set should make each core a bit smaller. not a big deal.<br /><br />but for compute-intensive tasks such as games, the other cores need to be fast. which is where out-of-order execution comes in, and risc turns out to have a big advantage. out-of-order execution means that instructions are fetched from memory, then decoded into "micro-operations", which can be thought of as instructions for the individual components of the core. the micro-operations are stored in a re-order buffer (rob), together with information about what data they need, and whether it is available. instead of executing the micro-operations for each instruction, then executing the micro-operations for the next instruction, the core looks through the rob finding micro-operations that have all the data they need and executing them. it does instructions as soon as it can, not waiting until the instruction before is complete.<br /><br />engheim explains the importance of the <a href="https://debugger.medium.com/why-is-apples-m -chip-so-fast- b cba ">difference between the x rob and the m 's</a>:<br /><blockquote>it is because the ability to run fast depends on how quickly you can fill up the rob with micro-ops and with how many. the more quickly you fill it up and the larger it is the more opportunities you are given to pick instructions you can execute in parallel and thus improve performance.<br /><br />machine code instructions are chopped into micro-ops by what we call an instruction decoder. if we have more decoders we can chop up more instructions in parallel and thus fill up the rob faster.<br /><br />and this is where we see the huge differences. the biggest, baddest intel and amd microprocessor cores have four decoders, which means they can decode four instructions in parallel spitting out micro-ops.<br /><br />but apple has a crazy eight decoders. not only that but the rob is something like three times larger. you can basically hold three times as many instructions. no other mainstream chipmaker has that many decoders in their cpus. </blockquote>risc is the reason the m can have more decoders than x . <a href="https://erik-engheim.medium.com/why-is-apples-m -chip-so-fast- b cba ">engheim explains</a>:<br /><blockquote>you see, for x an instruction can be anywhere from – bytes long. on a risc chip instructions are fixed size. why is that relevant in this case?<br /><br />because splitting up a stream of bytes into instructions to feed into eight different decoders in parallel becomes trivial if every instruction has the same length.<br /><br />however, on an x cpu, the decoders have no clue where the next instruction starts. it has to actually analyze each instruction in order to see how long it is.<br /><br />the brute force way intel and amd deal with this is by simply attempting to decode instructions at every possible starting point. that means we have to deal with lots of wrong guesses and mistakes which has to be discarded. this creates such a convoluted and complicated decoder stage that it is really hard to add more decoders. but for apple, it is trivial in comparison to keep adding more.<br /><br />in fact, adding more causes so many other problems that four decoders according to amd itself is basically an upper limit for how far they can go. </blockquote>the result is that the m 's fast cores are effectively processing instructions twice as fast as intel's and amd's at the same clock frequency. and their efficiency cores are processing about as many using much less power.<br /><br />using much less power for the same workload is one of the main reasons arm dominates the mobile market, where battery life is crucial. that brings us to the second interesting recent risc development. arm isn't the only risc architecture, it is just by a long way the most successful. among the others with multiple practical implementations, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/risc-v">risc-v</a> is i believe unique; it is the only fully open-source risc architecture.<br /><br /><table cellpadding=" " cellspacing=" " class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/ / /coremark.effiency- x .png" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border=" " height=" " src="https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/ / /coremark.effiency- x .png" width=" " /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/ / /new-risc-v-cpu-claims-recordbreaking-performance-per-watt/">source</a></td></tr></tbody></table>in <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/ / /new-risc-v-cpu-claims-recordbreaking-performance-per-watt/"><i>new risc-v cpu claims recordbreaking performance per watt</i></a> jim salter reports on a new implementation of risc-v that claims extraordinarily low power for quite respectable performance. micro magic's:<br /><blockquote>new prototype cpu, which appears to be the fastest risc-v cpu in the world. micro magic adviser andy huang claimed the cpu could produce , coremarks (more on that later) at ghz and . v while also putting out , coremarks at . ghz—the latter all while consuming only mw. huang demonstrated the cpu—running on an odroid board—to ee times at . ghz/ . v and . ghz/ . v.<br /><br />later the same week, micro magic <a href="http://www.micromagic.com/news/riscv-fastest_pr.pdf">announced</a> the same cpu could produce over , coremarks at ghz while consuming only mw of power. </blockquote>some caveats are necessary:<br /><ul><li>the chip is a single-core prototype.</li><li>the micro magic benchmarks are claimed, not independently verified.</li><li>the coremark benchmark is an industry standard for embedded systems, it isn't an appropriate benchmark for pc-type systems such as use the cpus salter is comparing it to.</li><li>the power efficiency is impressive, but the raw single-core performance is merely interesting. at ghz it is about / the performance of one of the m 's four fast cores.</li></ul>it is worth noting that the risc-v architecture has multiple instruction lengths, just much less baroque ones than x . so the rob advantage may be less. nevertheless, if micro magic's customers can deliver multi-core soc products they should provide much more compute for the same power as current embedded chips. salter is <a href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/ / /new-risc-v-cpu-claims-recordbreaking-performance-per-watt/">cautiously optimistic</a>:<br /><blockquote>all of this sounds very exciting—micro magic's new prototype is delivering solid smartphone-grade performance at a fraction of the power budget, using an instruction set that linux already runs natively on.<br />...<br />micro magic intends to offer its new risc-v design to customers using an ip licensing model. the simplicity of the design—risc-v requires roughly one-tenth the opcodes that modern arm architecture does—further simplifies manufacturing concerns, since risc-v cpu designs can be built in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/multi-project_wafer_service">shuttle runs</a>, sharing space on a wafer with other designs.<br />...<br />still, this is an exciting development. not only does the new design appear to perform well while massively breaking efficiency records, it's doing so with a far more ideologically open design than its competitors. the risc-v isa—unlike x , arm, and even mips—is open and provided under royalty-free licenses. </blockquote>p.s: more evidence of m 's impressive performance in liam tung's <a href="https://it.slashdot.org/story/ / / / /aws-engineer-puts-windows- -on-arm-on-apple-mac-m ----and-it-thrashes-surface-pro-x"><i>aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m – and it thrashes surface pro x</i></a>. the surface pro x uses an arm chip co-developed by qualcomm and microsoft.<br /><br /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 david. (noreply@blogger.com) 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-arabeth-balasko/ 	 <p><em><img alt="arabeth balasko" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /balasko-arabeth.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by arabeth balasko, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms.</em></p> <p><em>she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win!</em></p> <hr /> <div class="page" title="page "> <div class="layoutarea"> <div class="column"> <div class="page" title="page "> <div class="layoutarea"> <div class="column"> <p><strong>the dawn of the great archival shift</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> <p>over centuries, archives and archivists have been heralded as the keepers, the stewards of records, stories, and collective memory. however, at times this stewardship has come from a place of exclusion, centered heavily around white, english-speaking experiences. countless stories, memories, and events have been omitted from the larger historical narrative or have been rewritten from a skewed perspective.</p> <p>now (and unfortunately for centuries) racism and police brutality has permeated our country’s history. lack of racial equity has led to whitewashed and white supremacy-based collection policies that are geared towards uplifting and showcasing one-sided narratives, while often overlooking, overwriting, and suppressing contributions and accolades of black, indigenous, and people of color.</p> <p>so many times, it is easier for folks in the glam sectors to claim neutrality, to leave it to the next generation, to look the other way, and focus only on the past and occasionally, the present. from being overworked, under-supported, and oftentimes misunderstood, archivists have grown tired, and with tiredness comes apathy. other times it is simply not knowing what to do and/or not having the “authority” to make actual changes in an organization. this too leads to burnout, turnover, and once again, apathy. the humanities profession’s lack of diversity and equity has engrained a culture of dysfunction in several of the glam organizations across the country.</p> <p>during the dlf forum, it was apparent that i was not the only person who felt this way. several of the sessions focused on how to become a more proactive, mindful, and accountable steward, while also taking care of your own mental health and well-being. from practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques, to reflecting upon language choices in metadata and/or finding aids, to reviewing your institution’s digitally available content for equity and inclusiveness; this conference truly spoke to my soul in many different ways. however, during the conference, one overarching question that i continued asking myself was – “how can i, as an archivist, ensure that all folks feel represented in an archive? is this possible?” upon a week’s reflection and allowing myself some time to digest the rich information and ideas posed during these diverse sessions, i came to reframe my question as, “what can we as archivists do to support the fight for archival equity?”</p> <p>in my opinion, one big step archival repositories and the archivists in those repositories can take is to not promote the idea of neutrality. oftentimes, archives can shy away from hard histories, hard conversations – they can minimize hurts, and maximize virtues, but i feel that is a misstep. history is ugly, sad, beautiful, heartwarming, heartbreaking, and real. it happened. you cannot change that. but you can work to showcase how it happened, why it happened, and help reshape it for today’s generation through modernized lenses. by uplifting the stories and voices of bipoc folks, which have traditionally been omitted from the collected narrative for centuries, and reinterpreting and reclaiming the stories of those lost, overwritten, and marginalized throughout history, archival repositories can truly become beacons of change throughout the glam sectors.</p> <p>many folks, especially those who identify as bipoc, feel they are not represented in an archive – or if they are, their stories and experiences have been retold without their voice, their input, or their permission. as an archivist it is so important to work to build relationships and connections with communities and foster and tend to those relationships over the years. so many times, archival organizations take on collections, sign deeds of gift, and then the relationship ends. i think this is a huge misstep for any archival repository. by investing in communities – communities will invest in you. with each new generation comes new opportunities to promote equity and accountability throughout archival repositories. each generation of archivists should be reflecting and reevaluating how stories are (and traditionally have been) collected, maintained, presented, and made (or not made) accessible.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page" title="page "> <div class="layoutarea"> <div class="column"> <p>i cannot tell you how many times i have worked with patrons, students, and volunteers, who have expressed to me that they feel that they are not represented, they are not “seen” amongst the archival collections they are exploring. it truly breaks my heart, and it means that we, as archival professionals are falling short, and we need to do better and be better for all users. i feel that inclusivity is key to create a well-rounded narrative, where users/patrons/researchers/etc. can “see themselves” reflected in the archives and collections.</p> <p>it has been my experience that when someone feels invested in and has input to how they are being represented, there is a higher propensity for folks to champion for the survival and continuation of an archive. by getting community members and groups invested in telling their story, identifying themselves in their own way and own language/words, and by not leaving it up to the archivist to make assumptions, collections that are taken in become more authentic and personal.</p> <p>during this conference, i also reflected a lot on the right to be remembered and the right to be forgotten. nobody owes anyone their story. it is so important for archivists (including myself) to remember that. some stories are too painful for folks to share, some are not ready (and may never be), and some are willing to share it all! no user/donor/patron is alike, and as an archivist, it is important that you do not assign a “predetermined scenario” to each interaction. by creating meaningful relationships, where you are invested in more than just acquiring the “stuff” from the donor, you really can create life-long partnerships, camaraderie, and friendships with users of your repository!</p> <p>archives are not neutral – and they never should be. there is a lot of repair work that needs to be done, and it can be done, it just takes folks who are dedicated to making fundamental changes. i was honestly inspired to find like-minded souls at this conference, and for that, i am hopeful that a great archival shift is on the horizon. it is truly great to see archivists and other humanities professionals in action advocating for change and demanding equity checks and re-evaluation of how things “have always been.”</p> <p>i reflected on the fact that there really are some great opportunities to make proactive changes and create an archive that is more equitable and accessible for all users – an archive of the future. for me, it is all connected – by investing in equity you invest in accessibility – when you invest in communities you have the chance to grow your repository’s stories and collection scope!</p> <p>the archives truly are for everyone! and, as the great tupac shakur says, “you see the old way wasn’t working, so it’s on us to do what we gotta do, to survive.” my hope is that archivists work to make any and all fundamental changes needed, to ensure that an equitable, inclusive, and diverse narrative survives for the future generations to come.</p> </div> </div> </div> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-arabeth-balasko/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 ed summers: for 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /top- / 	 <p> an obvious follow on from <a href="https://inkdroid.org/ / / /diss-music/">my last post</a> is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the <a href="https://www.last.fm/api">lastfm api</a> to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. </p> <p> the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm <a href="https://www.last.fm/api/show/album.getinfo">album.getinfo</a> api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a <code>releasedate</code> property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. </p> <p> so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the <a href="https://www.discogs.com/developers/">discogs api</a> to fetch metadata for a specific album using their <a href="https://www.discogs.com/developers/#page:database,header:database-search">search</a> endpoint. lastfm includes <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/musicbrainz">musicbrainz</a> identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. <a href="https://www.discogs.com/">discogs</a> is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: </p> <div class="sourcecode" id="cb "> <pre class="sourcecode json"><code class="sourcecode json"><a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "><span class="fu">{</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"country"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"us"</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"year"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">" "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"format"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"vinyl"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"lp"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"album"</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="ot">]</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"label"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"i.r.s. records"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"i.r.s. records"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"i.r.s. records"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"a&amp;m records, inc."</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"a&amp;m records, inc."</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"i.r.s., 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<a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"genre"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"rock"</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="ot">]</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"style"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"indie rock"</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="ot">]</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"id"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="dv"> </span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"barcode"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="ot">[</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sp- -a"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sp- -b"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sp a es emw"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sp -b-es emw"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sp -b-es emw"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"sterling"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"(b)"</span><span class="ot">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="st">"bmi"</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="ot">]</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"user_data"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="fu">{</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"in_wantlist"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="kw">false</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"in_collection"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="kw">false</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="fu">},</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"master_id"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="dv"> </span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"master_url"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"https://api.discogs.com/masters/ "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"uri"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"/rem-murmur/master/ "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"catno"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"sp "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"title"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"r.e.m. - murmur"</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"thumb"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"cover_image"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"resource_url"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="st">"https://api.discogs.com/masters/ "</span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"community"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="fu">{</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"want"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="dv"> </span><span class="fu">,</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="dt">"have"</span><span class="fu">:</span> <span class="dv"> </span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "> <span class="fu">}</span></a> <a class="sourceline" id="cb - " title=" "><span class="fu">}</span></a></code></pre> </div> <p> so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on <a href="https://bandcamp.com">bandcamp</a>. knowing the provenance of data is important. </p> <p> bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). </p> <p> what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in <a href="https://github.com/edsu/notebooks/blob/master/aoty.ipynb">this jupyter notebook</a>. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . </p> <div class="albums"> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/perfume% genius/set% my% heart% on% fire% immediately"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /ca d a dd e c c bbdb .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/perfume% genius">perfume genius</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/perfume% genius/set% my% heart% on% fire% immediately">set my heart on fire immediately</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/roger% eno/mixing% colours"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / ec d c c ff fb b.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/roger% eno">roger eno</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/roger% eno/mixing% colours">mixing colours</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/blochemy/nebe"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c f a ad ed f b be .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/blochemy">blochemy</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/blochemy/nebe">nebe</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/idra/lone% voyagers% c% lovers% and% lands"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c b f d ffcf e bdff a.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/idra">idra</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/idra/lone% voyagers% c% lovers% and% lands">lone voyagers, lovers and lands</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rutger% zuydervelt% and% bill% seaman/rutger% zuydervelt% and% bill% seaman% -% movements% of% dust"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rutger% zuydervelt% and% bill% seaman">rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rutger% zuydervelt% and% bill% seaman/rutger% zuydervelt% and% bill% seaman% -% movements% of% dust">rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/purl/renovatio"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d d c e b f c bb cecfe .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/purl">purl</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/purl/renovatio">renovatio</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mute% forest/riderstorm"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e e e c d e d fc ceb .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mute% forest">mute forest</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mute% forest/riderstorm">riderstorm</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/michael% grigoni% % % stephen% vitiello/slow% machines"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / b d daa fc b b d bf .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/michael% grigoni% % % stephen% vitiello">michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/michael% grigoni% % % stephen% vitiello/slow% machines">slow machines</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn/other% other"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /eca c f cc e a b a b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn">seabuckthorn</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn/other% other">other other</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/windy% % % carl/unreleased% home% recordings% - "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / beefa b e ba d b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/windy% % % carl">windy &amp; carl</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/windy% % % carl/unreleased% home% recordings% - ">unreleased home recordings - </a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti/bygones"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fe c f d a cc feea c .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti">mathieu karsenti</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti/bygones">bygones</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rafael% anton% irisarri/peripeteia"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d b f b c d ba e da d.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rafael% anton% irisarri">rafael anton irisarri</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rafael% anton% irisarri/peripeteia">peripeteia</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mikael% lind/give% shape% to% space"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e c c b c e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mikael% lind">mikael lind</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mikael% lind/give% shape% to% space">give shape to space</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/taylor% swift/folklore% % deluxe% version% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / ff e fc fdae f c d ee.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/taylor% swift">taylor swift</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/taylor% swift/folklore% % deluxe% version% ">folklore (deluxe version)</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/koji% itoyama/i% know"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /b f b fd a c fe .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/koji% itoyama">koji itoyama</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/koji% itoyama/i% know">i know</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/andrew% weathers/dreams% and% visions% from% the% llano% estacado"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a f f b b fbcdc d e e.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/andrew% weathers">andrew weathers</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/andrew% weathers/dreams% and% visions% from% the% llano% estacado">dreams and visions from the llano estacado</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie/below% ost% -% volume% iii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie">jim guthrie</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie/below% ost% -% volume% iii">below ost - volume iii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/norken% % % nyquist/synchronized% minds"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fd a e d c d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/norken% % % nyquist">norken &amp; nyquist</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/norken% % % nyquist/synchronized% minds">synchronized minds</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie/below% ost% -% volume% ii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie">jim guthrie</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jim% guthrie/below% ost% -% volume% ii">below ost - volume ii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/halftribe/archipelago"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / f ba d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/halftribe">halftribe</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/halftribe/archipelago">archipelago</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english/wake% up% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d a f c d d dc eb a d .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english">hazel english</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english/wake% up% ">wake up!</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r% beny/natural% fiction"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e f b bf d fd .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r% beny">r beny</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r% beny/natural% fiction">natural fiction</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/warmth/life"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / f bea da ed dddd b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/warmth">warmth</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/warmth/life">life</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% newlyn/apparitions% i% and% ii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% newlyn">david newlyn</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% newlyn/apparitions% i% and% ii">apparitions i and ii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <h > </h > <p> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn/through% a% vulnerable% occur"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / bea e f fbb d bded ac.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn">seabuckthorn</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/seabuckthorn/through% a% vulnerable% occur">through a vulnerable occur</a> </p> </div> </div> 	 - - t : : + : 	 samvera: save the date for samvera virtual connect 	 https://samvera.org/ / / /save-the-date-april- - - -for-samvera-virtual-connect/ 	 <p>mark your calendar for <strong>samvera virtual connect </strong>!<br /><strong>tuesday, april – wednesday, april , </strong> <br /> : am – : pm edt / : am – : am pdt / : - : bst / : - : utc</p> <p>watch for more information coming in early including a call for program committee participation and a call for proposals.</p> <p>the post <a href="https://samvera.org/ / / /save-the-date-april- - - -for-samvera-virtual-connect/" rel="nofollow">save the date for samvera virtual connect </a> appeared first on <a href="https://samvera.org" rel="nofollow">samvera</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 heather greer klein 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-jocelyn-hurtado/ 	 <p><em><img alt="jocelyn hurtado" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /hurtado-jocelyn.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by jocelyn hurtado, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations to come.</em></p> <p><em>ms. hurtado also has experience promoting collections through exhibits, presentations, instructional sessions, and other outreach activities which includes the development and execution of an informative historical web-series video podcast. </em></p> <p><em>ms. hurtado earned her associate degree in anthropology from miami-dade college and a bachelor of arts in anthropology from the university of florida. she also completed the georgia archives institute program. </em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">this year has been full of new experiences and we all have faced the challenges of adapting to the new professional realities of relying on technology to complete our work, promoting the goals of our organization all while staying connected with communities we serve virtually. our phones and laptops are now on the top of the list of tools we cannot function without and it’s arguably just as valuable as a pencil or finding aid to an archivist, at least from my own personal experience. as a first-time attendee and a community journalist, i was excited and unsure of how the dlf forum would operate on a virtual platform. like millions around the world i’ve been working remotely for months and learned to adapt but i was still hesitant on how attendees would be able to truly connect to the panelist, fellow attendees and with the subject of each talk remotely. it is no secret that librarians, archivists, historians or anyone in a related field have a tendency to be introverted and from my own personal experience starting a conversation, connecting with others and networking can be stressful. however, i was quickly positively surprised on how easy it was to start a conversation at the conference. i enjoyed the slack application in which attendees were able to share thoughts, ideas and pose questions about each session. i certainly viewed more opinions, concepts and panels virtually than i probably would have in person. i liked the fact that i could have access to the sessions anytime which is great for anyone who has a busy schedule as well as any problems accessing the videos due to the digital divide caused by finances or other factors such as remoteness or environmental factors such as hurricanes or storms.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">in the opening plenary i was delighted to hear the acknowledgement of the indigenous people and their lands in regards to the location of the original conference and area that was being discussed. the keynote speaker, dr. stacy patton, was simply incredible and asked us to grapple with a very important question: do black lives matter in galleries, libraries, archives and museums? i believe we all know and can say historically the answer is no, black lives have systematically been erased and unwelcome in these spaces. has become the year of reckoning for some institutions and for many in this field that have been part of this problem. thus, the question becomes what now? how can meaningful and genuine change come about? there is no one size fits all plan and up to in the field to do the work and realize there will never be a timeline or an exact moment where it will be marked as done. i had the opportunity to ask dr. patton a question and was also able to see other questions posed by fellow attendees. it created a hub for sharing experiences and problems encountered in our own institutions which was able to foster a connected moment and experience.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">dr. patton hit the nail on the head when reciting the claude mckay poem, “if we must die.” it was a couple of days before election day and oh how the words aptly describe the current era and the rawness of it all. during her speech i reflected on the work of schomberg and many other black intellectuals whose worked and made centers were black lives do matter and their stories were properly preserved. i also reflected on my experience working at a black community repository, in a space made for black lives to matter. i also recognize another important question: which black lives matter in these spaces? women, individuals overlooked due to their sexual orientation, and those from a lower socioeconomic status or position have had their stories overlooked. there is so much work to be done and this has encouraged and highlighted the importance of pushing the boundaries and the sharing of ideas.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the recording restorative justice and accountability: the burnham-nobles digital archive presented by gina nortonsmith, raymond wilkes, amanda rust and drew facklam was inspiring. the work done by the team of telling the stories of victims and giving a voice is imperative. prior to this session i did not know of the civil rights and the restorative justice project and was glad to learn about the research being conducted along with support policy initiatives on racial hate crimes during the jim crow era and that justice is still being pursued for the victims and their families. the statement “i like to think of the investigator as the foundation for an archive, while the archivist is the architect and engineer, providing structure and organization in order to complete the building, i.e. the archive” by raymond wilkes beautifully explained the importance of the collaborative efforts and the relationship member of the team had to the task.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i am looking forward to next year’s dlf forum and hope/expect it to continue the focus on the community.</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-jocelyn-hurtado/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 zbw german national library of economics: building the swib participants map 	 http://zbw.eu/labs/en/blog/building-the-swib -participants-map 	 <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p> <img alt="swib participant map" class="media-element file-default" height=" " src="http://zbw.eu/labs/sites/default/files/media/swib _map.jpg" title="swib participant map" width=" " /></p> <div class="markdown-body container-fluid" id="doc"> <p class="part">here we describe the process of building the interactive <a href="https://w.wiki/my " rel="noopener" target="_blank">swib participants map</a>, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of <a href="https://swib.org/swib /" rel="noopener" target="_blank">swib </a> to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map).</p> <p class="part">we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail.</p> <p class="part"> </p> <ol class="part"><li> <p>we started with a list of institution names (with country code and city, but without person ids), extracted and transformed from our <em>conftool</em> registration system, saved it in csv format. country names were normalized, cities were not (and only used for context information).</p> </li> <li> <p>we created an <em>openrefine</em> project, and reconciled the institution name column with wikidata items of type q (organization, and all its subtypes). we included the country column (-&gt; p , country) as relevant other detail, and let openrefine “auto-match candidates with high confidence”. of our original set of country/institution entries, were automaticaly matched via the wikidata reconciliation service. at the end of the conference, institutions were identified and put on the map (<a href="https://github.com/swibcon/swib /blob/main/map/institutions.ttl">data set</a>).</p> </li> <li> <p>we went through all un-matched entries and either<br /> a) selected one of the suggested items, <em>or</em><br /> b) looked up and tweaked the name string in wikidata, or in google, until we found an according wikipedia page, openend the linked wikidata object from there, and inserted the qid in openrefine, <em>or</em><br /> c) created a new wikidata item (if the institution seemed notable), <em>or</em><br /> d) attached “not yet determined” (q ) where no wikidata item (yet) exists, <em>or</em><br /> e) attached “undefined value” (q ) where no institution had been given</p> </li> <li> <p>the results were exported from openrefine into a .tsv file (<a href="https://github.com/swibcon/swib /blob/main/map/or_export.json" rel="noopener" target="_blank">settings</a>)</p> </li> </ol><ol class="part" start=" "><li>again via a <a href="https://github.com/swibcon/swib /blob/main/map/read_participants_data.pl" rel="noopener" target="_blank">script</a>, we loaded conftool participants data, built a lookup table from all available openrefine results (country/name string -&gt; wd item qid), aggregated participant counts per qid, and loaded that data into a custom sparql endpoint, which is <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/wikidata_query_service/user_manual/sparql_federation_endpoints" rel="noopener" target="_blank">accessible from the wikidata query service</a>. as in step , for all (new) institution name strings, which were not yet mapped to wikidata, a .csv file was produced. (an additional remark: if no approved custom sparql endpoint is available, it is feasible to generate a <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/user:jneubert/swib_queries/swib_institutions_extended" rel="noopener" target="_blank">static query</a> with all data in it’s “values” clause.)<br /><br /><img alt="swib map data flow" class="media-element file-default" height=" " src="http://zbw.eu/labs/sites/default/files/media/swib_map .png" title="swib map data flow" width=" " /></li> <li> <p>during the preparation of the conference, more and more participants registered, which required multiple loops: use the csv file of step and re-iterate, starting at step . (since i found no straightforward way to update an existing openrefine project with extended data, i created a new project with new input and output files for every iteration.)</p> </li> <li> <p>finally, to display the map we could run a <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/user:jneubert/swib_queries#swib _institution_map" rel="noopener" target="_blank">federated query</a> on wdqs. it fetches the institution items from the custom endpoint and enriches them from wikidata with name, logo and image of the institution (if present), as well as with geographic coordinates, obtained directly or indirectly as follows:<br /> a) item has “coodinate location” (p ) itself, <em>or</em><br /> b) item has “headquarters location” item with coordinates (p /p ), <em>or</em><br /> c) item has “located in administrative entity” item with coordinates (p /p ), <em>or</em><br /> c) item has “country” item (p /p )<br /> applying this method, only one institution item could not be located on the map.</p> </li> </ol><p><img alt="swib participant map - detail" class="media-element file-default" height=" " src="http://zbw.eu/labs/sites/default/files/media/swib _map .jpg" title="swib participant map - detail" width=" " /></p> <h class="part" id="data-improvements">data improvements</h > <p class="part">the way to improve the map was to improve the data about the items in wikidata - which also helps all future wikidata users.</p> <h class="part" id="new-items">new items</h > <p class="part">for a few institutions, new items were created:</p> <ul class="part"><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/q " rel="noopener" target="_blank">burundi association of librarians, archivists and documentalists</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/q " rel="noopener" target="_blank">fao representation in kenya</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/q " rel="noopener" target="_blank">aurora information technology</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/q " rel="noopener" target="_blank">istituto di informatica giuridica e sistemi giudiziari</a></li> </ul><p class="part">for another institutions, mostly private companies, no items were created due to notability concerns. everything else already had an item in wikidata!</p> <h class="part" id="improvement-of-existing-items">improvement of existing items</h > <p class="part">in order to improve the display on the map, we enhanced selected items in wikidata in various ways:</p> <ul class="part"><li>add english label</li> <li>add type (instance of)</li> <li>add headquarter location</li> <li>add image and/or logo</li> </ul><p class="part">and we hope, that participants of the conference also took the opportunity to make their institution “look better”, by adding for example an image of it to the wikidata knowledge base.</p> <p class="part">putting wikidata into use for a completely custom purpose thus created incentives for improving “the sum of all human knowledge” step by tiny step.</p> </div> <p> </p> <div class="row ui-content"> </div> <p> </p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-lproject field-type-entityreference field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" rel="schema:about dc:subject"><a href="http://zbw.eu/labs/en/project/wikidata-for-authorities">wikidata for authorities</a></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-dbpedia-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <span class="field-item even" rel="schema:about dc:subject doap:category"><a href="http://zbw.eu/labs/en/tag/linked-data">linked data</a></span>   </div> </div> <ul class="links inline"><li class="de first last"><a class="language-link" href="http://zbw.eu/labs/de/blog/building-the-swib -participants-map" xml:lang="de">deutsch</a></li> </ul> 	 - - t : : + : 	 joachim neubert 	 ed summers: diss music 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /diss-music/ 	 <p> i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the <em>music</em> of my dissertation. </p> <p> to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. </p> <p> but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. </p> <p> i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. </p> <p> i leaned heavily on <a href="https://bandcamp.com/edsu">bandcamp</a> over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. </p> <p> i’m also a long time <a href="https://www.last.fm/user/inkdroid">lastfm</a> user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. </p> <p> so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in <a href="https://github.com/edsu/notebooks/blob/master/lastfm% dissertation% highlights.ipynb">this jupyter notebook</a>. but the results are here below. </p> <div class="albums"> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/white% rainbow/thru.u"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f bb b bc e c b d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/white% rainbow">white rainbow</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/white% rainbow/thru.u">thru.u</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deradoorian/the% expanding% flower% planet"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /a a c c ad d fba d fdd .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deradoorian">deradoorian</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deradoorian/the% expanding% flower% planet">the expanding flower planet</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% elkington% and% nathan% salsburg/ambsace"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% elkington% and% nathan% salsburg">james elkington and nathan salsburg</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% elkington% and% nathan% salsburg/ambsace">ambsace</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat/ii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d ac c eef de a c b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat">moderat</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat/ii">ii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter/fading% frontier"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /c ae af a a d d f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter">deerhunter</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter/fading% frontier">fading frontier</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% bowie/blackstar"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /a a f e b b ded d.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% bowie">david bowie</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/david% bowie/blackstar">blackstar</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/library% tapes/escapism"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / f d b ef b afe cd.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/library% tapes">library tapes</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/library% tapes/escapism">escapism</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/twincities/...plays% the% brown% mountain% lights"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d e f d d fc b f b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/twincities">twincities</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/twincities/...plays% the% brown% mountain% lights">…plays the brown mountain lights</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat/iii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /a f b a c f a .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat">moderat</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moderat/iii">iii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/a% moon% shaped% pool"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / decde b f e fcb f bc a.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead">radiohead</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/a% moon% shaped% pool">a moon shaped pool</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tigue/peaks"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e d d ae e f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tigue">tigue</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tigue/peaks">peaks</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /bcbbdcc b a beaba fec .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen">a winged victory for the sullen</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen">a winged victory for the sullen</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never/garden% of% delete"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /de d c db c f bfa de b a .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never">oneohtrix point never</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never/garden% of% delete">garden of delete</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never/drawn% and% quartered"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / f cb a e eee b eda d .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never">oneohtrix point never</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oneohtrix% point% never/drawn% and% quartered">drawn and quartered</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chihei% hatakeyama/saunter"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d f c bd ab feb c.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chihei% hatakeyama">chihei hatakeyama</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chihei% hatakeyama/saunter">saunter</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/biosphere/departed% glories"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e aabf fb af b b b c .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/biosphere">biosphere</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/biosphere/departed% glories">departed glories</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sarah% davachi/the% untuning% of% the% sky"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / ef cbdcf f fb d bb b a .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sarah% davachi">sarah davachi</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sarah% davachi/the% untuning% of% the% sky">the untuning of the sky</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/offthesky/the% beautiful% nowhere"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d e e b b bbdb f a afc.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/offthesky">offthesky</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/offthesky/the% beautiful% nowhere">the beautiful nowhere</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/clark/the% last% panthers"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /b c bcb d e de.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/clark">clark</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/clark/the% last% panthers">the last panthers</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tim% hecker/harmony% in% ultraviolet"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c c cbff e ae d d a d b.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tim% hecker">tim hecker</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tim% hecker/harmony% in% ultraviolet">harmony in ultraviolet</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/goldmund/sometimes"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /ac a e cd b fbda ec d.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/goldmund">goldmund</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/goldmund/sometimes">sometimes</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter/halcyon% digest"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a c fb d b b febce ccf d.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter">deerhunter</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/deerhunter/halcyon% digest">halcyon digest</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/ok% computer% oknotok% % "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c cd ae a d f e f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead">radiohead</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/ok% computer% oknotok% % ">ok computer oknotok </a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/arcade% fire/everything% now"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d ad c ed a b f aef .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/arcade% fire">arcade fire</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/arcade% fire/everything% now">everything now</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oh% sees/orc"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f d d cb cc b d a c b.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oh% sees">oh sees</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/oh% sees/orc">orc</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/lusine/sensorimotor"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a d ac b f f b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/lusine">lusine</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/lusine/sensorimotor">sensorimotor</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/four% tet/new% energy"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /fafa a e e e fe e dd a .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/four% tet">four tet</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/four% tet/new% energy">new energy</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% murray/eyes% to% the% height"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d bcefb c a fdd f d a.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% murray">james murray</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/james% murray/eyes% to% the% height">eyes to the height</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jlin/black% origami"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f a c e b e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jlin">jlin</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jlin/black% origami">black origami</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/colleen/captain% of% none% % bonus% track% version% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /e d da f a d a b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/colleen">colleen</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/colleen/captain% of% none% % bonus% track% version% ">captain of none (bonus track version)</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/gersey/what% you% kill"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c edd c a fcf aad .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/gersey">gersey</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/gersey/what% you% kill">what you kill</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rhucle/yellow% beach"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a bbd e a c dcd ca .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rhucle">rhucle</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rhucle/yellow% beach">yellow beach</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/christina% vantzou/no.% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / ef c f b faf e b bee d a .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/christina% vantzou">christina vantzou</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/christina% vantzou/no.% ">no.  </a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hotel% neon/context"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a a a c c e cba c .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hotel% neon">hotel neon</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hotel% neon/context">context</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/brendon% anderegg/june"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d f b fbbca c d d.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/brendon% anderegg">brendon anderegg</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/brendon% anderegg/june">june</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/atomos"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / dce fbc f a cdad .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen">a winged victory for the sullen</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/atomos">atomos</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ezekiel% honig/a% passage% of% concrete"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c f cdc a d cb .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ezekiel% honig">ezekiel honig</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ezekiel% honig/a% passage% of% concrete">a passage of concrete</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/paperbark/last% night"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / dcea b e ba a db .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/paperbark">paperbark</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/paperbark/last% night">last night</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/flying% lotus/you% re% dead% % % deluxe% edition% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /c d b eebd c b de e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/flying% lotus">flying lotus</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/flying% lotus/you% re% dead% % % deluxe% edition% ">you’re dead! (deluxe edition)</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/porya% hatami/kaziwa"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a c a b be d e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/porya% hatami">porya hatami</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/porya% hatami/kaziwa">kaziwa</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sven% laux/you% ll% be% fine."><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fbc b ae e aa f ba d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sven% laux">sven laux</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/sven% laux/you% ll% be% fine.">you’ll be fine.</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/max% richter/mary% queen% of% scots% % original% motion% picture% soundtrack% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f a a cb a d c a.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/max% richter">max richter</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/max% richter/mary% queen% of% scots% % original% motion% picture% soundtrack% ">mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack)</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ian% nyquist/cuan"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c d cda c f bc.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ian% nyquist">ian nyquist</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ian% nyquist/cuan">cuan</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jens% pauly/vihne"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /e d cc d a fd c ea e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jens% pauly">jens pauly</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/jens% pauly/vihne">vihne</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ciro% berenguer/el% mar% de% junio"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f a fb ec cff f e da b bcb.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ciro% berenguer">ciro berenguer</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/ciro% berenguer/el% mar% de% junio">el mar de junio</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rival% consoles/persona"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d f aee fbf f e cf a a c .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rival% consoles">rival consoles</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/rival% consoles/persona">persona</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/caught% in% the% wake% forever/waypoints"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /ddf d f e cc ed f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/caught% in% the% wake% forever">caught in the wake forever</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/caught% in% the% wake% forever/waypoints">waypoints</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/spheruleus/light% through% open% blinds"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / e a e b bce d faa.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/spheruleus">spheruleus</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/spheruleus/light% through% open% blinds">light through open blinds</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/valotihkuu/by% the% river"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c bea feb f bb fccc.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/valotihkuu">valotihkuu</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/valotihkuu/by% the% river">by the river</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moss% covered% technology/slow% walking"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d a caf b bc e b c dd a .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moss% covered% technology">moss covered technology</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/moss% covered% technology/slow% walking">slow walking</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tsone/pagan% oceans% i% c% ii% c% iii"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / ab b fcffd c ebaddf cfa d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tsone">tsone</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/tsone/pagan% oceans% i% c% ii% c% iii">pagan oceans i, ii, iii</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/big% thief/two% hands"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / b f a da d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/big% thief">big thief</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/big% thief/two% hands">two hands</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/the% undivided% five"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / d e c f d eb .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen">a winged victory for the sullen</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/a% winged% victory% for% the% sullen/the% undivided% five">the undivided five</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hirotaka% shirotsubaki/fragment% - "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c bef b be e e e e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hirotaka% shirotsubaki">hirotaka shirotsubaki</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hirotaka% shirotsubaki/fragment% - ">fragment - </a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/luis% miehlich/timecuts"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a cbd b e fc c b b f.png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/luis% miehlich">luis miehlich</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/luis% miehlich/timecuts">timecuts</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/federico% durand/jard%c %adn% de% invierno"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fc a d b cb b e.jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/federico% durand">federico durand</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/federico% durand/jard%c %adn% de% invierno">jardín de invierno</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m./document% -% th% anniversary% edition"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fa eab a cbf cf b .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m.">r.e.m.</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m./document% -% th% anniversary% edition">document - th anniversary edition</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chicano% batman/invisible% people"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / bafca b c c d f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chicano% batman">chicano batman</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/chicano% batman/invisible% people">invisible people</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english/wake% up% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /d a f c d d dc eb a d .png" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english">hazel english</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/hazel% english/wake% up% ">wake up!</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/josh% alexander/hiraeth"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /da becf bd e ba da d .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/josh% alexander">josh alexander</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/josh% alexander/hiraeth">hiraeth</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/the% beatles/the% beatles% % remastered% "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / a ceb bc ddb e fda e f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/the% beatles">the beatles</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/the% beatles/the% beatles% % remastered% ">the beatles (remastered)</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/ok% computer% oknotok% % "><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / c cd ae a d f e f .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead">radiohead</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/radiohead/ok% computer% oknotok% % ">ok computer oknotok </a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti/bygones"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x / fe c f d a cc feea c .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti">mathieu karsenti</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/mathieu% karsenti/bygones">bygones</a> </p> </div> <div class="album"> <p> - <br /> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m./murmur% -% deluxe% edition"><img src="https://lastfm.freetls.fastly.net/i/u/ x /f d aa eb b d b cf e .jpg" title=" plays" /></a> <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m.">r.e.m.</a> / <a href="https://www.last.fm/music/r.e.m./murmur% -% deluxe% edition">murmur - deluxe edition</a> </p> </div> </div> 	 - - t : : + : 	 andromeda yelton: of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer 	 https://andromedayelton.com/ / / /of-such-stuff-are-deepdreams-made-convolutional-networks-and-neural-style-transfer/ 	 <p>skipped fridai blogging last week because of thanksgiving, but let’s get back on it! top-of-mind today are <a href="https://www.platformer.news/p/the-withering-email-that-got-an-ethical">the firing of ai queen timnit gebru</a> (<a href="https://googlewalkout.medium.com/standing-with-dr-timnit-gebru-isupporttimnit-believeblackwomen- dadc d ">letter of support here</a>) and a couple of grant applications that i’m actually eligible for (this is rare for me! i typically need things for which i can apply in my individual capacity, so it’s always heartening when they exist — wish me luck).</p> <p>but for blogging today, i’m gonna talk about neural style transfer, because it’s <em>cool as hell</em>. i started my ml-learning journey on <a href="https://www.coursera.org/learn/machine-learning/">coursera’s intro ml class</a> and have been continuing with their <a href="http://deeplearning.ai">deeplearning.ai</a> sequence; i’m on course of there, so i’ve just gotten to neural style transfer. this is the thing where a neural net outputs the content of one picture in the style of another:</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed wp-block-embed-embed"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <a href="https://miro.medium.com/max/ / *b zshvnbup gaootaiy wg.jpeg"><img src="https://miro.medium.com/max/ / *b zshvnbup gaootaiy wg.jpeg" /></a> </div>via <a href="https://medium.com/@build_it_for_fun/neural-style-transfer-with-swift-for-tensorflow-b b " rel="nofollow">https://medium.com/@build_it_for_fun/neural-style-transfer-with-swift-for-tensorflow-b b </a>.</figure> <p>ok, so! let me explain while it’s still fresh.</p> <p>if you have a neural net trained on images, it turns out that each layer is responsible for recognizing different, and progressively more complicated, things. the specifics vary by neural net and data set, but you might find that the first layer gets excited about straight lines and colors; the second about curves and simple textures (like stripes) that can be readily composed from straight lines; the third about complex textures and simple objects (e.g. wheels, which are honestly just fancy circles); and so on, until the final layers recognize complex whole objects. you can interrogate this by feeding different images into the neural net and seeing which ones trigger the highest activation in different neurons. below, each × grid represents the most exciting images for a particular neuron. you can see that in this network, there are layer neurons excited about colors (green, orange), and about lines of particular angles that form boundaries between dark and colored space. in layer , these get built together like tiny image legos; now we have neurons excited about simple textures such as vertical stripes, concentric circles, and right angles.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed wp-block-embed-embed"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <a href="https://adeshpande .github.io/assets/deconvnet.png"><img src="https://adeshpande .github.io/assets/deconvnet.png" /></a> </div>via <a href="https://adeshpande .github.io/the- -deep-learning-papers-you-need-to-know-about.html" rel="nofollow">https://adeshpande .github.io/the- -deep-learning-papers-you-need-to-know-about.html</a>, originally from zeller &amp; fergus, <em><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/ . v .pdf">visualizing and understanding convolutional networks</a></em></figure> <p>so how do we get from here to neural style transfer? we need to extract information about the <em>content</em> of one image, and the <em>style</em> of another, in order to make a third image that approximates both of them. as you already expect if you have done a little machine learning, that means that we need to write cost functions that mean “how close is this image to the desired content?” and “how close is this image to the desired style?” and then there’s a wrinkle that i haven’t fully understood, which is that we don’t actually evaluate these cost functions (necessarily) against the outputs of the neural net; we actually compare the <em>activations of the neurons</em>, as they react to different images — and not necessarily from the final layer! in fact, choice of layer is a hyperparameter we can vary (i super look forward to playing with this on the coursera assignment and thereby getting some intuition).</p> <p>so how do we write those cost functions? the content one is straightforward: if two images have the same content, they should yield the same activations. the greater the differences, the greater the cost (specifically via a squared error function that, again, you may have guessed if you’ve done some machine learning).</p> <p>the style one is beautifully sneaky; it’s a measure of the difference in correlation between activations across channels. what does that mean in english? well, let’s look at the van gogh painting, above. if an edge detector is firing (a boundary between colors), then a swirliness detector is probably also firing, because all the lines are curves — that’s characteristic of van gogh’s style in this painting. on the other hand, if a yellowness detector is firing, a blueness detector may or may not be (sometimes we have tight parallel yellow and blue lines, but sometimes yellow is in the middle of a large yellow region). style transfer posits that artistic style lies in the <em>correlations</em> between different features. see? sneaky. and elegant.</p> <p>finally, for the style-transferred output, you need to generate an image that does as well as possible on both cost functions simultaneously — getting as close to the content as it can without unduly sacrificing the style, and vice versa.</p> <p>as a side note, i think i now understand why deepdream is fixated on a really rather alarming number of eyes. since the layer choice is a hyperparameter, i hypothesize that choosing too deep a layer — one that’s started to find complex features rather than mere textures and shapes — will communicate to the system, yes, what i truly want is for you to paint this image as if those complex features are matters of genuine stylistic significance. and, of course, eyes are simple enough shapes to be recognized relatively early (not very different from concentric circles), yet ubiquitous in image data sets. so…this is what you wanted, right? the eager robot helpfully offers.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-embed wp-block-embed-embed"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <a href="https://d fbfhz hcvd .cloudfront.net/uc/wp-content/uploads/ / / zswd l-e .jpg"><img src="https://d fbfhz hcvd .cloudfront.net/uc/wp-content/uploads/ / / zswd l-e .jpg" /></a> </div><a href="https://www.ucreative.com/inspiration/google-deep-dream-is-the-trippiest-thing-in-the-internet/" rel="nofollow">https://www.ucreative.com/inspiration/google-deep-dream-is-the-trippiest-thing-in-the-internet/</a></figure> <p>i’m going to have fun figuring out what the right layer hyperparameter is for the coursera assignment, but i’m going to have so much more fun figuring out the wrong ones.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 andromeda 	 mita williams: weeknote ( ) 	 https://librarian.aedileworks.com/ / / /weeknote- - / 	 <h >§ </h > <p>i don’t have much to report in regards to the work i’ve been doing this week. </p> <p>i tried to get our orcid-ojs plugin to work but there is some small strange bug that needs to be squished. luckily, next week i will have the benefit of assistance from the good people of crkn and orcid-ca. </p> <p>what else? i uploaded a bunch of files into our ir. i set up a site for an online-only conference being planned for next year. and i finally got around to trying to update a manuscript for potential publication. but this writing has been very difficult as my attention has been sent elsewhere <a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/university-windsor-complaint- . " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">many </a><a href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/u-windsor-vp-student-experience-resigns- . " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">times </a><a href="https://uwinraacesca.wordpress.com/ / / /day-of-mourning/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">this week.</a></p> <h >§ </h > <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/librarian.aedileworks.com/wp-content/uploads/ / /image.png?resize= % c &amp;ssl= " width=" " /></figure> <p>unfortunately i wasn’t able to catch the <em>live </em>teach-in #againstsurveillance on tuesday but luckily the talks have been captured and made available at <a href="http://againstsurveillance.net/">http://againstsurveillance.net/ </a></p> <p>so many of our platforms are designed to extract user data. but not all of them are. our institutions of higher education <strong>could choose</strong> to <a href="https://opened.ca/about/who-we-are/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">invest in free range ed-tech instead. </a></p> <h >§ </h > <p>bonus links!</p> <ul><li><a href="https://www.lindahumphries.me/blog/making-a-hash-out-of-knitting-with-data" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">making a hash out of knitting with data</a></li><li><a href="https://www.zotero.org/shannon_mattern/tags/my% library/items/xburukh /library" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">shannon_mattern’s library | zotero</a></li><li><a href="https://inkdroid.org/ / / /mystery-file/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">mystery file!</a></li></ul> 	 - - t : : + : 	 mita williams 	 lucidworks: enhance personalization efforts with new features in fusion 	 https://lucidworks.com/post/enhance-personalization-efforts-with-new-features-in-fusion/ 	 <p>latest fusion release enhances digital experiences with out-of-the-box merchandising templates and ai recommenders.</p> <p>the post <a href="https://lucidworks.com/post/enhance-personalization-efforts-with-new-features-in-fusion/" rel="nofollow">enhance personalization efforts with new features in fusion</a> appeared first on <a href="https://lucidworks.com" rel="nofollow">lucidworks</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 paolo padua 	 hangingtogether: the way forward to a more open future … together 	 http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/hangingtogetherorg/~ /jkwek kohk / 	 <p>on november , astrid verheusen (executive director of <a href="https://libereurope.eu/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">liber</a>), and oclc research program officers rebecca bryant and titia van der werf presented <a>a </a><a href="https://www.oclc.org/research/events/oclc-liber-open-science-series/ -oclc-liber-concluding-webinar.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">webinar</a> to summarize the <a href="https://www.oclc.org/research/events/oclc-liber-open-science-series.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">oclc-liber open science discussion series</a>. this multi-part discussion series, which took place through the month of october, was based upon the <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/ #.x zsoznkhta" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">liber open science roadmap</a> to guide participants in envisioning an ideal future for open science (os) and to discuss the roles of research libraries at local, national, and global levels in achieving a more open future.</p> <h ><strong>the whole is greater than the sum of its parts</strong></h > <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " height=" " src="https://hangingtogether.org/wp-content/uploads/ / /puzzle.png" width=" " />photo by <a href="https://unsplash.com/@rosssneddon?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditcopytext" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">ross sneddon</a> on <a href="https://unsplash.com/s/photos/puzzle?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditcopytext" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">unsplash</a></figure></div> <p>in total, participants from countries contributed to the seven-part series of small group discussions. sessions had no more than attendees – just the right number for conducting engaged and stimulating conversations. discussants liked the free format and the interactive, participatory, and supportive nature of the conversations. they also appreciated that groups had representation from different points of view from both europe and north america. a summary of each discussions has been shared via posts on <a href="https://hangingtogether.org/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">hangingtogether.org</a> (the blog of oclc research) and the <a href="https://libereurope.eu/oclc-liber-os/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">libe</a><a href="https://libereurope.eu/oclc-liber-os/">r website</a>:</p> <ol type=" "><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">scholarly publishing</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">fair principles</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">research infrastructures and the european open science cloud (eosc)</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">metrics and rewards</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">skills</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">research integrity</a></li><li><a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">citizen science</a></li></ol> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-style-default"><p>on reflection, we realized that the discussions reinforced each other in many ways and taken together, they offered a unified conceptualization of an open science future and a shared idea of how to overcome the obstacles on the way to this more open future.</p></blockquote> <h ><strong>conceptualization of an open science future</strong></h > <p>the participants’ ideal future state closely matched liber’s vision for the research landscape in – as set out in its <em><a href="https://libereurope.eu/strategy/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">strategy - </a></em> -, echoing its depiction of a future world where:</p> <ol type=" "><li>open access is the predominant form of publishing</li><li>research data is findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (fair)</li><li>digital skills underpin a more open and transparent research life cycle</li><li>research infrastructure is participatory, tailored and scaled to the needs of the diverse disciplines</li></ol> <p>participants added tone, texture and shade to these four basic lines, mostly in terms of what open science wouldn’t be and by describing it as the opposite of what it is now. so, for example, they described the expectation that “<em>. . . in the future, more staff [will] be involved in supporting open science and their time [will] be spent on assisting researchers with actual data management instead of having to defend it or justify it</em>” or “<em>collaboration will be the motor that drives open science, instead of competition</em>”, or “<em>in this new open science environment, the researcher is central, not the outputs</em>”. the discussions also yielded a long list of requirements for open science to thrive: “<em>we need to be empathetic</em>”, “<em>we need someone (a peer) to translate the open principles for each discipline</em>”, “<em>we need to measure the way open impacts society</em>”.</p> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="alignleft size-large is-resized"><img alt="" height=" " src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/feetransparent.svg" width=" " /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:fairy_with_wand.svg" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">wikimedia commons</a> </figure></div> <p>if one would wave a magic wand to resolve the obstacles and satisfy the preconditions, the resulting vision would lead to a rosy picture: one where open is the default and access is frictionless; where collaboration cuts across institutional and disciplinary boundaries, organizational silos and policy areas; where citizens, governments, companies, researchers and students work hand in hand to make research and society better; where diversity and inclusion make open science a truly global endeavor and lead to greater understanding and learning. in this ideal state, librarians have all necessary skills – both soft and hard – and they cooperate with everyone in the research lifecycle. they walk in the shoes of researchers and in those of citizens, with empathy. with all these skills in place, the library is the best place to go to.</p> <h ><strong>the need for culture change</strong></h > <p>the discussions yielded a long list of problems to a more open future. there was much overlap across the seven discussion sessions. the following five broad categories encompass the obstacles that received most votes during the polling exercise:</p> <ol type=" "><li>culture change is necessary</li></ol> <p>culture change is necessary because of ingrained attitudes that inhibit the adoption of open science, such as the tendency towards risk-avoidance by librarians and the lack of responsiveness by senior researchers and administrators on campus. culture change was most often mentioned in relation to the lack of collaboration, engagement, and common ground between librarians and researchers, the silos on campus and the different perspectives of different stakeholders on “open”. it was also seen as necessary for change in a larger sense: the need to internalize the principles of openness as second nature in life and society. </p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-style-default"><p>although mentioned as an obstacle alongside the other categories, culture change really encompasses them all and is the precondition for the success of changes in the other categories.</p></blockquote> <ol start=" " type=" "><li>inadequate rewards and incentives</li></ol> <p>recurring themes in this category were: the evaluation of researchers and institutions, the funding of research, the metrics and rewards system, the competitive nature of the rewards system (in which competition trumps ethics) and the lack of recognition, incentives or rewards for “doing open”. the latter was deplored in particular and listed as a problem in the <a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">session on metrics &amp; rewards</a>: “<em>many open science activities don’t directly result in articles (e.g., open methods, open infrastructure, open data) – other stuff also matters but is not measured/supported and based on unpaid and unrecognized</em>”.</p> <ol start=" " type=" "><li>lack of researcher awareness and involvement</li></ol> <p>lack of researcher buy-in and ownership of open science principles is problematic. obstacles range from lack of awareness to lack of involvement, including lack of knowledge (mentioned in relation to research integrity and ethical issues). lack of involvement may be borne not just from reluctance, but may be due to exclusion in the design stage (this was mentioned specifically during the <a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">eosc session</a>). finally, researchers perceive open science practices as a burden – ‘<em>this is yet another thing we need to do</em>’ – referring to the administrative overload of having to register their profiles, outputs and projects in multiple, non-interoperable systems. participants described the tension between ideals and practices as “<em>the big divide between open science advocacy and the day-to-day research work</em>”.</p> <ol start=" " type=" "><li>lack of skills relating to open science</li></ol> <p>the lack of skills was raised as a general problem, not only in librarianship but also in academia. while the need for specific technical skills was mentioned, the discussions primarily focused on the importance of soft skills in librarianship. librarians are currently not all equally skilled to connect to researchers or other stakeholders and this was felt as an important skills gap. in addition, the necessary skills are not integrated in academic curricula, let alone in those of library schools.</p> <ol start=" " type=" "><li>no agreement on standards &amp; interoperability</li></ol> <p>lack of interoperability across existing information systems and emerging os infrastructures is a significant pain point for all stakeholders. participants deplored the lack of agreed standards, the proliferation of fragmented, non-interoperable solutions, and the overdue implementation of basic standards, such as persistent identifiers (pids) for researchers and institutions, in existing systems. they also mentioned the need to unlock metadata, citations, and abstracts which are essential ingredients for the assessment and discoverability of open science.</p> <h ><strong>the library cannot do this alone</strong></h > <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " height=" " src="https://hangingtogether.org/wp-content/uploads/ / / px-blind_monks_examining_an_elephant.jpg" width=" " />hanabusa itchō, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/file:blind_monks_examining_an_elephant.jpg" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">blind monks examining an elephant</a></figure></div> <p>when we discussed how libraries can overcome these obstacles and make culture change happen, we heard repeatedly about the need to work outside the library: “<em>the library cannot do this alone</em>” and “<em>open science must be a collective effort, not just libraries</em>”. </p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-style-default"><p>discussions revolved around the theme of collaboration, the need to work with others, including the multiple other open science stakeholders.</p></blockquote> <p>it was much more difficult to strategize and ideate around collaboration than it had been to identify and analyze the obstacles. we heard anecdotal evidence of successful collaboration with units on campus (e.g., the research office), with open science communities (e.g. <a href="https://www.go-fair.org/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">go-fair</a>) and in the context of national policy initiatives (e.g., dutch program for digital competence centers).</p> <p>there is a multiplicity of stakeholders that libraries must effectively engage with in order to advance open science goals, and we believe it is helpful to categorize them in two groups operating at different levels:</p> <ol type=" "><li><strong>above the institution</strong> <strong>stakeholders </strong>operate at consortial, national, regional, and global levels. eu-policy initiatives and accompanying funding are strong incentives for collaborative action and for catalyzing structural change that can percolate down at the country level. research funding agencies are very influential stakeholders with the ability to enact policies and assessment activities that can accelerate change. open science and scholarly communication coalitions were also mentioned as networks for collaborating on innovation. other stakeholders were mentioned, such as publishers, pid providers, public libraries, and citizens.</li><li><strong>below the institution</strong> stakeholders operate at the institutional or campus level. all have a stake in supporting research, but not all are equally aware or supportive of open science. many different campus units were mentioned as relevant to work with, to influence culture change and develop local infrastructures to support open science.</li></ol> <p>the examples given reinforced the findings from the oclc research report on <a href="https://www.oclc.org/research/publications/ /oclcresearch-social-interoperability-research-support.html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank"><em>social interoperability in research support: cross-campus partnerships and the university research enterprise</em></a>. this report introduces the term “social interoperability” as a key concept to promote collaboration, communication, and mutual understanding. an important take-away from this report is that other stakeholders on campus see an important role for the library to play as a central campus unit with expertise in many relevant areas. the report discusses several strategies and tactics for successful intra-campus social interoperability, of which we heard echoes in our oclc-liber discussions – such as, for example: “speak their language”, “leverage shared staff”, “be confident in your value”. the discussions contributed strategies and tactics specific for each category of obstacles identified earlier, but ultimately there was a strong realization that collaboration with stakeholders needs to become more ingrained – as one discussant put it: “<em>we need to be more deliberate about those conversations and [cross-campus] collaborations (…) have them be a little more organic to the organization</em>”.</p> <p>we found the outcomes of the oclc-liber open science discussion series very inspiring, and it has been a fruitful collaboration between oclc and liber—so much so that we are discussing possible follow-up opportunities. thank you all for your contributions and stay tuned!</p> <p>the post <a href="https://hangingtogether.org/?p= " rel="nofollow">the way forward to a more open future … together</a> appeared first on <a href="https://hangingtogether.org" rel="nofollow">hanging together</a>.</p> <div class="feedflare"> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:yil auoc za"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?d=yil auoc za" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:d dqb pkexk"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?i=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:d dqb pkexk" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:-btjwof_dhi"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?i=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:-btjwof_dhi" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:v_sglipbpwu"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?i=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:v_sglipbpwu" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:qj idk rits"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?d=qj idk rits" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:l gmwitksz "><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?d=l gmwitksz " /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?a=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:gin vfwoqvq"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/hangingtogetherorg?i=jkwek kohk :tndno ghq:gin vfwoqvq" /></a> </div><img alt="" height=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/hangingtogetherorg/~ /jkwek kohk " width=" " /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 titia van der werf 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-melde-rutledge/ 	 <p><em><img alt="melde rutledge" class="alignleft wp-image- size-medium" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /rutledge-melde.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by melde rutledge (<a href="https://twitter.com/melderutledge"><b>@melderutledge</b></a>), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>melde rutledge is the digital collections librarian at wake forest university’s z. smith reynolds library. he is responsible for leading the library’s digitization services—primarily in support of zsr’s special collections and archives, as well as providing support for university departments. </em></p> <p><em>he earned his mlis from the university of north carolina at greensboro, and has served in librarianship for approximately years. his background also includes years of newspaper journalism, where he wrote news, sports, and feature articles for several locally published newspapers in north carolina. </em></p> <p><em>he currently lives in winston-salem, nc, with his wife and three sons.</em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">since , i’ve appreciated the opportunity to attend and participate in the annual dlf forum. i look forward to the great takeaways to share with my colleagues back home. let’s also not forget the wonderful venues where the forum takes place (las vegas, tampa, etc.). needless to say, a global pandemic emerged this year, resulting in the dlf forum to occur virtually. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">as i reflect on this year’s installment of the dlf forum, it’s difficult not to compare the forum’s first virtual event with the previous in-person gatherings—particularly in regards to size. the fact that the event had more than , registered participants is a testament to the popularity and value of dlf. being that it also surpassed the overall in-person attendance record (just over people) of the dlf forum in pittsburgh is also noteworthy.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the segment that i look forward to the most from the dlf forums are the opening plenaries, because of its great keynote speakers. stacey patton provided an excellent talk highlighting the significance of preserving the black experience in galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (glams)—covering several cohesive themes during her one-hour-plus speech—including the covid- pandemic, hiring diverse staff in glams, america’s ongoing issue with racism, and the social and racial parallels of then and now. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">one of my key takeaways of her talk is spotlighting the need for institutions to be “ready and equipped” during the pandemic to educate students. this was suggested to be accomplished by providing research materials remotely, but also asking, “what difference does this make that we’re digitizing things? how is this power to be used to protect documents when we may not know their importance? what about the digital divide and access to these materials?”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">these indeed are very important thoughts to me, as a key role of my work is providing digital access to materials tucked away within our special collections and archives. and it was great that presenters addressed patton’s questions throughout the dlf sessions.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">“‘can we digitize this? should we?’” navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life” is a great example. this was presented by stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley library. i was impressed with their digital lifecycle program, and the ethical considerations embedded within their workflow. i have interest in seeing how institutions confront the issue regarding the digitization of materials of underprivileged groups, as well as how they approach the handling of culturally sensitive materials, accessibility, and appropriate metadata creation.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">as julie hardesty pointed out in her presentation entitled, “mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies,” when working with metadata, you can become familiar with several widely used controlled vocabularies. however, working with large common vocabularies can “paint broad strokes that cover up more than they should, that generalize or simplify too much, and show the biases of dominant groups such as the white male viewpoint. additionally, the process to change and update terms can be slow to keep up.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">when i listen to presentations on this theme, speakers routinely note the value of incorporating community engagement. a nice example of this was shared during the presentation, “curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem.” curationist.org is a site that finds and collects important cultural and historical resources that are within the public domain. as explained by presenter sharon mizota, community users will be able to include their own metadata to records on this site. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">overall, i salute all the organizers and presenters for producing an impressive dlf program. and kudos to the partnership between clir/dlf and the hbcu library alliance. as an hbcu graduate, i appreciate programming that covers how hbcus approach digitization, and the stories behind the unique materials that are digitally preserved, especially amid the covid- pandemic. covid- is indeed a big factor in how many of us in this profession are conducting decision making. the wealth of relevant content in this year’s dlf was very timely in this regard.</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-melde-rutledge/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 john mark ockerbloom: from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) 	 https://everybodyslibraries.com/ / / /from-our-subjects-to-yours-and-vice-versa/ 	 <p><em>(tl;dr: i’m starting to implement services and publish data to support searching across library collections that use customized subject headings, such as the increasingly-adopted substitutes for lcsh terms like “illegal aliens”. read on for what i’m doing, why, and where i would value advice and discussion on how to proceed.)</em></p> <p>i’ve run the <a href="https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/olbpcontact?type=library">forward to libraries</a> service for a few years now. as i’ve noted in earlier posts here, it’s currently <a href="https://everybodyslibraries.com/ / / /from-my-library-to-yours/">used on the online books page</a> and <a href="https://everybodyslibraries.com/ / / /from-wikipedia-to-our-libraries/">in some wikipedia articles</a> to search for resources in your local library (or any other library you’re interested in) on a subject you’re exploring. one of the key pieces of infrastructure that makes it work is the<a href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html"> library of congress subject headings</a> (lcsh) system, which many research libraries use to describe their holdings. using the headings in the system, along with mappings between it and other systems for describing subjects (such as the english wikipedia article titles that forward to libraries knows how to relate to lcsh) allows researchers to find materials on the same subjects across multiple collections, using common terminology.</p> <p>there are limitations to relying on lcsh for cross-collection subject searches, though. first of all, many libraries, particularly those outside the us, do not use lcsh. some use other subject vocabularies. if a mapping has been defined between lcsh and another subject vocabulary (as has been done, for example, <a href="https://galter.northwestern.edu/about-us/northwestern-university-libraries-lcsh-mesh-mapping-project">with mesh</a>) one can use that mapping to determine search terms to use in libraries that use that subject vocabulary. we don’t yet have that capability in forward to libraries, but i’m hoping to add it eventually.</p> <p><strong>changing the subjects</strong></p> <p>i’m now also seeing more libraries that use lcsh, but that also use different terms for certain subjects that they find more appropriate for their users. while <a href="https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/saco/index.html">there is a process for updating lcsh terms</a> (and its terms get updated on a monthly basis) the process can be slow, hard for non-specialists to participate in, and contentious, particularly for larger-scale subject heading changes. it can also be subject to pressure by non-librarians. the library of congress ultimately answers to congress (as its name suggests), and members of congress have <a href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/gop-reinstates-usage-of-illegal-alien-in-library-of-congress-records">used funding bills to block changes in subject headings</a> that the librarian-run process had approved. they did that in for the subject heading “illegal aliens”, where librarians had recommended using other terms to cover subjects related to unauthorized immigration. the documentary film “change the subject” (<a href="https://www.librarianshipstudies.com/ / /controversies-in-library-of-congress.html">linked with context in this article</a>) has a detailed report on this controversy.</p> <p>four years after the immigration subject changes were blocked, some libraries have decided not to wait for lcsh to change, and are introducing their own subject terms. the university of colorado boulder, for example, <a href="https://www.colorado.edu/libraries/ / / /inclusive-spaces-and-practices">announced in </a> that they would use the term “undocumented immigrants” where the library of congress had “illegal aliens”. other libraries have recently <a href="https://news.lib.berkeley.edu/words-matter">announced similar changes</a>. some library consortia have organized <a href="https://trln.org/resources/subject-re-mapping/">systematic programs</a> to supersede outdated and offensive terms in lcsh in their catalogs. some groups now maintain specialized subject vocabularies that can both supplement and supersede lcsh terms, such as <a href="http://homosaurus.org/">homosaurus</a> for lgbt+-related subjects. and there’s also been increasing interest in using subject terms and classifications adapted to local communities. for instance, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/brian_deer_classification_system">brian deer classification system</a> is intended to be both used and shaped by local indigenous communities, and therefore libraries in different locations that use it may well use different terms for some subjects, depending on local usage and interests.</p> <p><strong>supporting cross-collection search in a community of localized catalogs</strong></p> <p>we can still search across collections that use local terms, as long as we know what those terms are and how to translate between them. forward to libraries already uses a data file indicating wikipedia article titles that correspond closely to lcsh subjects, and vice versa. by extension, we can also create a data file indicating terms to use at a given library that correspond to terms in lcsh and other vocabularies, so we can see what resources are available at different places on a given topics.</p> <p>you can see how that works in practice at the online books page. as i write this, we’re still using the unaltered lcsh subjects (updated to october ), so we have a subject page showing <a href="https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/browse?type=lcsubc&amp;key=illegal% aliens" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">free online books on “illegal aliens”</a>. you can follow links from there to see what other libraries have. if you select the <a href="https://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/ftl?su=illegal% aliens&amp;library= choose ">“elsewhere”</a> link in the upper left column and choose the library of congress as the library to search, you’ll see <a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searcharg=illegal% aliens&amp;searchcode=subj&amp;searchtype= ">what they hold under that subject heading</a>. but if you instead choose the university of colorado boulder, you’ll see <a href="http://ucblibraries.summon.serialssolutions.com/search?q=subjectterms:(undocumented% immigrants)#!/search?ho=t&amp;l=en&amp;q=subjectterms:(undocumented% immigrants)">what they have under “undocumented immigrants”</a>, the subject term they’ve adopted there.</p> <p>similar routing happens from wikipedia. the closest related wikipedia article at present is <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/illegal_immigration">“illegal immigration”</a>, and if you go down to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/illegal_immigration#further_reading">further reading section</a> and select links in the library resources box, selecting “online books” or most libraries will currently take you to their “illegal aliens” subject search. but selecting university of colorado boulder (from “resources in other libraries” if you don’t already have it specified as your preferred library in wikipedia) will take you to their “undocumented immigrants” search. this routing applies two mappings, one from wikipedia terms to lcsh terms, and another from lcsh terms to local library terms.</p> <p><strong> a common data resource</strong></p> <p>these sorts of transformations are fundamentally data-driven. my <a href="https://github.com/johnmarkockerbloom/ftl">forward to libraries github repository</a> now includes a <a href="https://github.com/johnmarkockerbloom/ftl/blob/master/data/localmap">data file listing local subject terms</a> that different libraries use, and how they relate to lcsh subject terms. (the library codes used in the file are the same ones that are used in my <a href="https://github.com/johnmarkockerbloom/ftl/blob/master/data/libraries">libraries data file</a>, and are based on oclc and/or <a href="https://english.slks.dk/libraries/library-standards/isil/">isil</a> identifiers.) the local subject terms file is very short for now– as i write this, it only has enough data for the examples i’ve described above, but i’ll be adding more data shortly for other libraries that have announced and implemented subject headings changes. (and i’ll be glad to hear about more so i can add them.)</p> <p>as with other data in this repository, the data in this file is cc , so it can be used by anyone for any purpose. in particular, it could be be used by services other than my forward to libraries tool, such as by aggregated catalogs that incorporate data from multiple libraries, some of which might use localized subject terms that have lcsh analogues.</p> <p><strong>where to go next</strong></p> <p>what i’ve shown so far is not far removed from a proof-of-concept demo, but i hope it suggests ways that services can be developed to support searches among and across library collections with diverse subject headings. as i mentioned, i’ll be adding more data on localized subject headings as i hear about it, as well as adding more functionality to the forward to libraries service (such as the ability to link <em>from</em> a collection with localized subject headings, so i can support them in the online books page, or in other libraries that have such headings and want to use to the service). there are some extensions that could be done to the basic data model to support scaling up these sorts of localizations, such as customizations used by all the libraries in a given consortium, or ones that adopt wholesale an alternative set of subjects, whether that be mesh, homosaurus, or the subject thesaurus of a national library outside the us.</p> <p>even with data declarations supporting those sorts of “bulk” subject mappings, a universal subject mapping knowledge base could get large over time. i’ve created my own mapping file for my services, and for now i’m happy to grow it as needed and share the data freely. but if there is another suitable mapping hub already available or in the works, i’m happy to consider using that instead. </p> <p>it’s important to support exploration across a community of diverse libraries with a diverse array of subject terms and descriptions. i hope the tools and data i’ve described here will help advance us towards that goal, and that i can help grow them from their current nascent state to make them more broadly useful.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 john mark ockerbloom 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-amanda-guzman/ 	 <p><em><img alt="amanda guzman" class="alignleft wp-image- size-medium" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /guzman-amanda.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by amanda guzman, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct. </em></p> <hr /> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">on belonging:</span></i></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">there is that decisive moment for me at every academic conference that i’ve ever attended – whether it is one that i frequent regularly (even annually) or one that i’m trying out for the first time like the dlf forum this year – where i’m sketching out my trajectory of movement and negotiating what my belonging might look like in the space. this moment exists in the scanning of the conference program and translating of different panel abstracts. this moment exists in those standstill seconds in the threshold of a panel room as you decide whether to enter or not, perhaps as you notice a familiar or friendly face. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">our current pandemic moment has transformed how we collectively gather in profound ways and brought into sharp relief the pre-existing structural social inequities of access. and yet, the decisive moment of my new belonging in the space of the dlf forum was from a distance, and yet was not solitary beginning with a wave of introductions among first-time attendees and offers by long-time forum-goers of support on slack and extending to the generosity of time, experience, and transparency offered to me by my dlf mentor,</span> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/maggie-mccready- b"><span style="font-weight: ;">maggie mccready</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> in our zoom conversations. the decisive moment ultimately resolved, as i left the metaphorical door threshold to take a seat, during </span><a href="https://twitter.com/drstaceypatton?ref_src=twsrc% egoogle% ctwcamp% eserp% ctwgr% eauthor"><span style="font-weight: ;">dr. stacy patton</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">’s keynote as she seamlessly moved between commentary on national news, archival text, pedagogical practice and her own powerful personal narrative of coming to belong in spaces not made for her experience and of coming to build new spaces of belonging. </span></p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">activating the archive by reframing history as practice:</span></i></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">one of the most compelling interventions that dr. patton articulated in her keynote speech was a call for the dlf community to reframe their implicit understanding of history not only as a physical archive of a material past but also as an active departure point for our contemporary reorientation and empowerment. interweaving meaning and purpose across institutional case-studies, she referred to the concept of “historical touchstones” that present us with “context, guidance, and perspective” that have the analytical potential to ground our experience in the positionalities as a “keeper of knowledge” with a “traditional role of being…guide” to students.    </span></p> <p><img alt="pair of screenshots showcasing forum panel citational acts to center ethics of care" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /ethics-of-care- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /><br /> <img alt="pair of screenshots showcasing forum panel citational acts to center ethics of care" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /ethics-of-care- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /></p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">keepers of knowledge:</span></i></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">this proposal of mobilizing history towards how we critically approach our present-day practice in the field echoed throughout the subsequent forum presentations and was especially materialized for me in the citational acts of emphasizing a theoretical focus on an ethics of care. in the “combo session: implementing responsible workflows and practices,” ethics of care was centered in an appreciation for “relationships with uneven power relations,” a methodological re-framing of both those actors who study and those communities who are studied as equal “independent rational subjects” and a researcher responsibility to identify the multi-faceted capacity of archival work to inflict harm. this work was discussed, for example, with the case-study of the archival process at the university of california, berkeley for selecting indigenous cultural material for digitization and if to be digitized, under what terms of public access. in other words, professional ways of working were recast beyond the technicalities of how archival material may be best processed and digitally preserved to include and more importantly, to privilege a recognition of academic histories of community extraction and an opportunity for academic futures of more collaborative, equitable workflows.  </span></p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">student guides:</span></i></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">building on this important reflection on institutional practices, the us latino dh panel entitled, “recovering the past, creating the future” brought the historically based practice conversation into the context of the undergraduate classroom. during their presentation, i was reminded of dr. patton’s earlier caution that digital work could not be the “end all be all” (even among undergraduates who are often thought to be “digital natives”) given how it is “alien to flow of time…nuances” and “abbreviates how we understand things”.  presenters</span> <a href="https://twitter.com/rayenchil"><span style="font-weight: ;">carolina villarroel,</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/gbaezaventura"><span style="font-weight: ;">gabriela baeza ventura</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">,</span> <a href="https://twitter.com/lgauth "><span style="font-weight: ;">lorena gauthereau</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> and</span> <a href="https://twitter.com/lgmerchant"><span style="font-weight: ;">linda garcia merchant</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> accepted the challenge and outlined a pedagogical design that built a student theoretical consciousness of the silences inherent in archival representations of the human experience and equipped students methodologically through programs like omeka to emerge as digital storytellers of new stories. moreover, the presenters destabilized the curatorial authority of collection-holding institutions by decolonizing where and how we locate archives with models such as post-custodial archives (describing archival management in which the community maintains physical custody of material records) and migrant archives. both panels therefore expanded the boundaries of what constitutes archival practice – in terms of how we </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">keep</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> existing knowledge and how we </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">teach</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> knowledge production – by expanding </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">what </span></i><span style="font-weight: ;">we care for to </span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">who</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> we care with.</span></p> <p><img alt="pair of screenshots from panel powerpoint presentation and slack conversation showcasing the pedagogical design of the recovering the u.s. hispanic literary heritage project" class="alignnone wp-image- size-large" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /us-latino-dh-image- -of- .png?resize= % c " width=" " /><img alt="pair of screenshots from panel powerpoint presentation and slack conversation showcasing the pedagogical design of the recovering the u.s. hispanic literary heritage project" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /us-latino-dh- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /></p> <p><i><span style="font-weight: ;">at the close:             </span></i></p> <p><a href="https://twitter.com/aliyareich?lang=en"><span style="font-weight: ;">aliya reich</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, program manager for conferences and events at the digital library federation, remarked at the start of the forum that the goal of our gathering was “building community while apart”.  </span><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/joymbanks/"><span style="font-weight: ;">joy banks</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, program officer at the council on library and information resources, responded on slack to a participant struggling with the digital conference platform that “there is no behind this year”.  together, their words bring me – in concert with dr. patton’s keynote assertion of our roles as “guardians of the past and present” and “architects of the future” – that we the practitioners – our bodies, communities, experiences, professional practices and all – are directly implicated in the work that we do every day to record and to preserve. that work does not and cannot exist in isolation from the privilege and marginalization of our lived realities whether in terms of arts funding austerity to ongoing national social justice movements.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the archive is a product in large part of human decision-making. we as a community can be reflective in practice with data justice over data ethics models that recognize the source of power and aim to dismantle structural power differentials. we as a community can choose to accept complexity of human behavior and spectrum thinking over binary dichotomies. we as a community can participate in mission-driven archiving in the present that supports restorative justice of the past – by upholding archival protocols that prioritize dignity and respect towards underrepresented, vulnerable communities who have and continue to endure systematic trauma. in building a community while apart we can ask who is and where is the community; the answer is in but also and perhaps in some cases more importantly, beyond our conference panel rooms. </span></p> <p><img alt="set of three screenshots from forum presentations of examples of forward-thinking community practices" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /conclusion- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /><img alt="set of three screenshots from forum presentations of examples of forward-thinking community practices" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /conclusion- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /><img alt="set of three screenshots from forum presentations of examples of forward-thinking community practices" class="alignnone wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /conclusion- -of- .jpg?resize= % c " width=" " /></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-amanda-guzman/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 lucidworks: new study: why brands that connect experiences win 	 https://lucidworks.com/post/new-study-why-brands-that-connect-experiences-win/ 	 <p>a recent forrester study found that companies are struggling to implement omnichannel personalization. brands that are able to connect ex with cx report greater revenue, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction.</p> <p>the post <a href="https://lucidworks.com/post/new-study-why-brands-that-connect-experiences-win/" rel="nofollow">new study: why brands that connect experiences win</a> appeared first on <a href="https://lucidworks.com" rel="nofollow">lucidworks</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 justin sears 	 tara robertson: names: respect, inclusion and belonging 	 http://tararobertson.ca/ /names-respect-inclusion-belonging/ 	 <p><a href="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /hello.jpeg"><img alt="&quot;hello, my name is&quot; sticker and pen on table " class="aligncenter wp-image- size-full" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /hello.jpeg?resize= % c " width=" " /></a></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">diversity, equity and inclusion is not about just revising hr policies and processes to be more inclusive and equitable, it’s a lens that you need to view everything through. for product organizations it’s a key lens to look at the product and customer experience. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i’ve been thinking about personal names and how those are a point of inclusion and belonging, or not. names are personal, and for many of us, an important part of our identity.</span></p> <p><span id="more- "></span></p> <h ><span style="font-weight: ;">how do you say your name? </span></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">my name is tara. in north america people often mispronounce it, less so in other parts of the world. </span><a href="https://namedrop.io/tararobertson"><span style="font-weight: ;">my name is pronounced tah-rah</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, not terra. for the first years of my life it was easier for me to not speak up when people mispronounced it. when i was in my early s i met a woman of colour at a conference who also had a name that was much less common than mine. she said that it was a basic sign of respect to say people’s names properly and that changed how i operate. these days i usually correct people, but i still do the mental arithmetic to calculate if the energy it takes to interject and then to manage people’s apologies is worth it. our names tell a story and for many of us they’re an important part of who we are. </span></p> <p>the microaggressions i experience are tiny compared to bipoc people with non-english names. i love this story from actor uzo aduba when she told her mom that she wanted to be called zoe. her mother replied “if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka.”</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">"if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka." – <a href="https://twitter.com/uzoaduba?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">@uzoaduba</a> </p> <p>take action for girls and women: <a href="https://t.co/ocqi uwgi ">https://t.co/ocqi uwgi </a> <a href="https://t.co/k yf qbtfs">pic.twitter.com/k yf qbtfs</a></p> <p>— global citizen (@glblctzn) <a href="https://twitter.com/glblctzn/status/ ?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">february , </a></p></blockquote> <p></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i recently learned that from - s the canadian government “</span><a href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/xd ka /the-little-known-history-of-how-the-canadian-government-made-inuit-wear-eskimo-tags"><span style="font-weight: ;">assigned inuit numbered identification tags that they had to wear around their necks, mainly because white administrators couldn’t pronounce their names</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">.” </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">our names are important and saying them correctly is a basic level of respect. </span></p> <h ><span style="font-weight: ;">joe biden’s name sign</span></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i’ve been following some of the conversations in black deaf communities about president elect joe biden’s </span><a href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/name-signs-whats-that-abo_b_ #:~:text=these% names% aren't% just,part% of% the% deaf% world"><span style="font-weight: ;">name sign</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">. in deaf culture people have name signs that represent them and people with close ties to the deaf community or well known figures also given name signs by the deaf individuals or community.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">here’s what nakia smith has to say:</span></p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">i signed what i signed <img alt="💅🏽" class="wp-smiley" src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/ . . / x / f - f fd.png" style="height: em;" /> <a href="https://t.co/mbyr l u ">pic.twitter.com/mbyr l u </a></p> <p>— it’s charmay to you (@realcaunsia) <a href="https://twitter.com/realcaunsia/status/ ?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">november , </a></p></blockquote> <p></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">she’s quoted in this </span><a href="https://www.latimes.com/california/story/ - - /bidens-popular-new-asl-moniker-looks-like-a-gang-sign-deaf-influencers-warn"><span style="font-weight: ;">la times article</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> saying that this name sign looks like “</span><span style="font-weight: ;">a “c” sign used by members of the crips gang in some american cities and could be dangerous for signers of color and embarrassing to the incoming administration.”</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">names are important and have layers of meaning from our families, histories, cultures and communities. </span></p> <h ><span style="font-weight: ;">names in databases</span></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">when i worked at mozilla i documented the various places someone transitioning their gender at work would need to update their name and gender marker. there were so many systems: the hr information system, ldap logins, payroll system, benefits providers, the company we used to book travel’s system, bugzilla, github, and the internal staff directory and likely others that i’m forgetting. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">doing this work i learned there were more than a few people who didn’t fit neatly in these systems, including: </span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people who only have a first name</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people with non-english characters in their names</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people with non-english names who also have english names</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people who get married and change their last name to their spouse’s last name</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people who get married and change their last name to a hyphenated name with their spouse’s last name</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people who get divorced and change their name back</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">people who change their first name to something that fits them better<br /> </span></li> <li>people with very short names</li> <li>people with very long names</li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">patrick mckenzie’s </span><a href="https://www.kalzumeus.com/ / / /falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-names/"><span style="font-weight: ;">falsehoods programmers believe about names</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> is the most comprehensive list of assumptions about names that i’ve read. if you’re designing anything that will include people’s names, this is required reading. emma humphries’ </span><a href="http://adventuresinrenaming.net/"><span style="font-weight: ;">adventures in renaming</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> is also a useful resource. </span></p> <p><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc /"><span style="font-weight: ;">this study</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> by r. ruiz-pérez, e. delgado lópez-cózar, e. jiménez-contreras in the j</span><i><span style="font-weight: ;">ournal of medical library association</span></i><span style="font-weight: ;"> looked at how “</span><span style="font-weight: ;">spanish names are handled by national and international databases and to identify mistakes that can undermine the usefulness of these databases for locating and retrieving works by spanish authors”</span><span style="font-weight: ;">. this study listed name format variations with these two being the most common: </span></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">first name first surname second surname</span></li> <li style="font-weight: ;"><span style="font-weight: ;">first name middle name first surname second surname</span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i can imagine how this would impact search, retrieval and therefore how often the work is cited, which could in turn impact prestige through tenure, promotion and grants. </span></p> <figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_ " style="width: px;"><a href="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -am.png"><img alt="screenshot of the original article in business insider with vernā's name spelled correctly" class="wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -am.png?resize= % c " width=" " /></a>original article in business insider</figure> <figure class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_ " style="width: px;"><a href="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -am.png"><img alt="screenshot from gale academic onefile about &quot;vern myers&quot;" class=" wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/tararobertson.ca/wp-content/uploads/ / /screen-shot- - - -at- . . -am.png?resize= % c " width=" " /></a>article in gale academic onefile</figure> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">in gale academic onefile, <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/vernamyers/">vernā myers</a>, the vp of inclusion strategy at netflix, name is spelled incorrectly. i’m assuming that the data ingest from business insider choked on the macron over the “a” at the end of her first name. changing verna to vern makes it seem like the vp is male. also, if i was searching for articles that mention vernā myers, this one wouldn’t come up. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">just like with in person interactions, how we design databases to include (or exclude) people’s names is about respect and impacts the feeling of belonging (or not) and who can be found (or not). </span></p> <h ><span style="font-weight: ;">names in products</span></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the way names show up in products and services can be a point of inclusion and belonging. this summer mastercard launched </span><a href="https://www.mastercard.us/en-us/vision/who-we-are/pride.html"><span style="font-weight: ;">true name</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">:</span></p> <blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: ;">for many in the lgbtqia+ community, the name on their credit, debit or prepaid card does not reflect their true identity.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">that’s why we’re working with partners to bring products to market that will allow for chosen names to appear on the front of cards, helping ease a major pain point for the transgender and nonbinary communities.</span></p></blockquote> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">it’s a big deal having a credit card or debit card that matches your gender presentation and who you are. this video tells some of those stories: </span></p> <div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"></div> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">this goes beyond corporate platitudes during pride month. this is something concrete that mastercard did to make their products more inclusive of trans and non-binary people and make it a little easier for trans and non-binary people to buy things. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">this summer linkedin added a </span><a href="https://blog.linkedin.com/ /july/ /help-others-pronounce-your-name-correctly"><span style="font-weight: ;">feature that allows you to record your name</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">. in october greenhouse added the </span><a href="https://www.greenhouse.io/blog/say-my-name-introducing-candidate-name-pronunciation"><span style="font-weight: ;">say my name feature</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">, where candidates can “pre-record the correct pronunciation of their names when recruiters request their interview schedule availability through greenhouse”.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">i’d love to learn about other product examples where the people building the product put specific care and attention on getting people’s names right. </span></p> <h ><span style="font-weight: ;">thank you</span></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">thank you to </span><a href="https://twitter.com/carbyhall"><span style="font-weight: ;">cara hall</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> and carolyn arthur for feedback and editing help. </span></p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 tara robertson 	 jodi schneider: paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring 	 http://jodischneider.com/blog/ / / /paid-graduate-hourly-research-position-at-uiuc-for-spring- / 	 <div class="kcite-section"> <p>jodi schneider’s information quality lab (<a href="http://infoqualitylab.org">http://infoqualitylab.org</a>) seeks a graduate hourly student for a research project on bias in citation networks. biased citation benefits authors in the short-term by bolstering grants and papers, making them more easily accepted. however, it can have severe negative consequences for scientific inquiry. our goal is to find quantitative measures of network structure that can indicate the existence of citation bias. <br /><br />this job starts january , . pay depending on experience (master’s students start at $ /hour). optionally, the student can also take a graduate independent study course (generally - credits is or info ). <a href="https://app.joinhandshake.com/jobs/ ?showmodal=true">apply on handshake</a><br /></p> <p>responsibilities will include:</p> <ul id="block- a bab d- cd - c -b ee- ec c f b"><li>assist in the development of algorithms to simulate an unbiased network</li><li>carry out statistical significance tests for candidate network structure measures</li><li>attend weekly meetings</li><li>assist with manuscript and grant preparation</li></ul> <p>required skills</p> <ul id="block- f b ce -f e - b -b -b df fbcfaa"><li>proficiency in python or r</li><li>demonstrated ability to systematically approach a simulation or modeling problem</li><li>statistical knowledge, such as developed in a course on mathematical statistics and probability (e.g. stat statistics and probability i <a href="https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ">https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ </a> )</li></ul> <p>preferred skills</p> <ul id="block- f b ce -f e - b -b -b df fbcfaa"><li> knowledge of stochastic processes</li><li>experience with simulation</li><li>knowledge of random variate generation and selection of input probability distribution</li><li>knowledge of network analysis</li><li>may have taken classes such as stat stochastic processes (<a href="https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ">https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ </a>) or ie advanced topics in stochastic processes &amp; applications (<a href="https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /fall/ie/ ">https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /fall/ie/ </a>)</li></ul> <p>more information:<br /><a href="https://ischool.illinois.edu/people/jodi-schneider">https://ischool.illinois.edu/people/jodi-schneider</a><br /><a href="http://infoqualitylab.org">http://infoqualitylab.org</a></p> <p>application deadline: monday december th.</p> <p><a href="https://app.joinhandshake.com/jobs/ ?showmodal=true">apply on handshake</a> with the following application materials:</p> <ul><li>resume</li><li>transcript – such as free university of illinois academic history from banner self-service (<a href="https://apps.uillinois.edu">https://apps.uillinois.edu</a>, click “registration &amp; records”, “student records and transcripts”, “view academic history”, choose “web academic history”)</li><li>cover letter: just provide short answers to the following two questions:<br /> ) why are you interested in this particular project?<br /> ) what past experience do you have that is related to this project? </li></ul> </div> 	 - - t : : + : 	 jodi 	 lucidworks: don’t fear the cloud (or kubernetes): your google security questions answered 	 https://lucidworks.com/post/google-security-questions-answered/ 	 <p>mike chesnut from lucidworks and tiffany lewis from google talk us through why data encryption in this new cloud-native world is more secure than ever. </p> <p>the post <a href="https://lucidworks.com/post/google-security-questions-answered/" rel="nofollow">don’t fear the cloud (or kubernetes): your google security questions answered</a> appeared first on <a href="https://lucidworks.com" rel="nofollow">lucidworks</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 jenny gomez 	 ed summers: years of robots.txt 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /robots/ 	 <p> after just over years of use the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/robots_exclusion_standard">robots exclusion standard</a>, otherwise known as <a href="http://www.robotstxt.org/">robots.txt</a> is being standardized <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-koster-rep/">at the ietf</a>. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it <a href="https://developers.google.com/search/blog/ / /rep-id">announced</a> the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-koster-rep/">latest draft</a> having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. </p> <p> but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/desire_path">desire lines</a> if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets <span class="citation">(russell, <a href="https://inkdroid.org/feed.xml#ref-russell: "> </a>)</span>. but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. </p> <p> it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. </p> <p> i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated <span class="citation">(giles, sun, &amp; councill, <a href="https://inkdroid.org/feed.xml#ref-giles: "> </a> ; thelwall &amp; stuart, <a href="https://inkdroid.org/feed.xml#ref-thelwall: "> </a>)</span>. </p> <p> web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the <a href="https://www .sims.berkeley.edu/research/conferences/aps/removal-policy.html">oakland archive policy</a> the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in <em>playback</em> of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: </p> <ol type=" "> <li> archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. </li> <li> requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. </li> <li> this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. </li> <li> these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. </li> </ol> <p> this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham <a href="https://blog.archive.org/ / / /robots-txt-meant-for-search-engines-dont-work-well-for-web-archives/">wrote</a> in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, <a href="https://gizmodo.com/when-the-internet-archive-forgets- ">when the internet archive forgets</a>, and a follow up from david rosenthal <a href="https://gizmodo.com/when-the-internet-archive-forgets- ">selective amnesia</a>. </p> <p> perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. </p> <h class="unnumbered" id="references"> references </h > <div class="references" id="refs"> <div id="ref-giles: "> <p> giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in <em>www </em>. retrieved from <a href="https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf">https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf</a> </p> </div> <div id="ref-russell: "> <p> russell, a. l. ( ). <em>open standards and the digital age</em>. cambridge university press. </p> </div> <div id="ref-thelwall: "> <p> thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. <em>journal of the american society for information science and technology</em>. <a href="https://doi.org/ . /asi. ">https://doi.org/ . /asi. </a> </p> </div> </div> 	 - - t : : + : 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-shelly-black/ 	 <p><em><img alt="shelly black" class="alignleft wp-image- size-medium" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /black-shelly.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by shelly black (<a href="https://twitter.com/shellyyblack"><b>@shellyyblack</b></a>), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters.</em></p> <p><em>shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua.</em></p> <hr /> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the weekend protests began in response to george floyd’s murder, i was driving across the country for my first post-mlis job. i listened to the radio, scrolled through the news and felt the country in pain. reflecting on how volatile has been, i’m grateful that the dlf forum was freely open to all and held online. as a graduate student, my exposure to digital curation and preservation focused on theory more than practice. so i was eager to learn about current strategies and tools. considering the anti-racist commitments made recently by numerous organizations, i also looked forward to hearing about projects to improve discoverability of marginalized people in the historical record.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">many sessions covered computational methods used by librarians, archivists, and researchers to improve our understanding of, and increase access to, digitized materials. juan manuel garcía fernández and nickoal eichmann-kalwara presented on </span><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ eoie- vevgy joxjamfhri mamto f/view"><span style="font-weight: ;">“digital el diario and archival justice in the digital humanities graduate classroom.”</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> their work involved creating a corpus from a digitized s chicanx newspaper and showing students how to use text analysis tools, such as mallet and voyant, for the purpose of historical recovery. in </span><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ c q ff xydcfv ptlb eqwz_a_rjszk/view"><span style="font-weight: ;">“images as data with computer vision,”</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> carol chiodo shared that harvard university library is using a python package to analyze and provide descriptive metadata at scale for photographic collections. this includes protest photography, so the project will also result in the creation of ethical guidelines for applying automation to sensitive materials.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">throughout the forum, a theme that resonated with me was the ethics of care. i learned how multiple presenters have adopted this feminist approach that emphasizes relationships and considers power imbalances. during </span><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ -r pc grlv nay k lowpnsj rc byke/view"><span style="font-weight: ;">“can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life,”</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> stacy reardon explained that she adopts an ethics of care when deciding whether to make materials available online. she noted how this framework urges us to consider the potential for harm not just to individuals but also communities. lorena gauthereau, one of the panel members of </span><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ chmyo hrm l yhzgrzwqdyfmvudo crj/view"><span style="font-weight: ;">“us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future,”</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> imparted that community outreach should be approached with an ethics of care. she said we have a responsibility to make the people represented in archives feel valued, which can be achieved through post-custodial methods, consent, decolonial spaces, and trusting relationships.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">as a mexican japanese american, increasing representation and reclaiming the humanity of historically oppressed people has personal significance. i wholeheartedly agree with gauthereau who expressed: </span></p> <p><em><span style="font-weight: ;">“by recovering the past, we can project toward our future. while working with recovered archives, we make space for healing by making visible not only painful histories, but also resistance, survival and joy, to acknowledge where we come from and where we are going.” </span></em></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">these presentations reminded me to think critically about the interplay between people, archival collections, and technology. while i see promise in the application of computational methods for understanding and expanding access to stories beyond the dominant narrative, i’m also wary of the challenges. algorithms used for facial recognition, screening job applicants, and identifying high-risk patients continue to oppress communities of color. mixed race people like myself don’t fall neatly into metadata categories and likely aren’t seen by algorithms applied to textual or visual corpora.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">meanwhile, libraries have started using machine learning for appraisal, description, and other laborious tasks. many collections await being described—or re-described using anti-oppressive language—and made available online. algorithms offer efficiency, but when people create them with training data which centers whiteness, they further harm communities. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">another challenge is the layering of biases when working with digitized collections. we lose more than visual details and aesthetic qualities through reproductive technologies and migration of formats. there are racial consequences. we scan photographs made from color film stocks originally calibrated for light skin. art historian lyneise williams has also </span><a href="https://ai-collaboratory.net/wp-content/uploads/ / /williams.pdf"><span style="font-weight: ;">called attention</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> to the erasure of black people through the high contrast process of microfilming. so what happens when we use biased machine learning models to process images that inherit white normativity? </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">growing digitized collections make the adoption of machine learning compelling. at the same time, an ethics of care and diverse voices are needed when new tools are being designed. knowledge produced from analyzing collections at scale will only be as inclusive as the human beings who designed the algorithms and the digitized material’s source medium. as stacey patton reminded us in her keynote, digitization isn’t a be-all and end-all, particularly when there is still the digital divide. the dlf forum inspired me to think about the opportunities and issues ahead. i hope to attend future forums where discussions on using technology in ways which uplift communities of color continue.</span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-shelly-black/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 in the library, with the lead pipe: culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc 	 http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/ /vtditc/ 	 <p>by <a href="http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/author/craig-arthur/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">craig e. arthur</a>, <a href="http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/author/freddy-paige/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">dr. freddy paige</a>, <a href="http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/author/laportia-perkins/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">la’ portia perkins</a>, <a href="http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/author/jasmine-weiss/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">jasmine weiss</a>, and dr. <a href="http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/author/michael-williams/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">michael williams</a></p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/h fb hhf qu wyejiyaqewxlgey-p kcw zqxwnj wuxlbmaelqpxqoh bhwzyr dm ag_ewahy_bknm vqytpbarncnbq lvohyze qzoe c-bnojqwbaoi- srvd hq " /></figure> <p><em>(good homie signs’ “hip hop @ vt” mural / )</em></p> <h ><strong>in brief</strong></h > <p><em>vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech is an award-winning series of experiential learning-focused, culturally responsive community engagement programs. it is deeply rooted in hip hop culture and is cosponsored by numerous organizations both on campus and in the community; the heart of the program is undoubtedly the virginia tech university libraries. we have hosted more than programs over the past five academic years. notably, our community engagement fellows, a team of undergraduate and graduate students, helped design and co-teach approximately forty-five media literacy workshops in the community beyond campus in the ‘ -’ academic year. our guiding mission is to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, importantly, to create an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom. </em></p> <h ><strong>introduction</strong></h > <p><em>vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech</em>, or, more commonly, <em>virginia tech digging in the crates</em>, is a practitioner-focused, student-driven, culturally responsive community engagement program that prioritizes experiential learning. the multifaceted and ever-evolving program is based in southwest virginia on the campus of virginia tech (a public, land grant university with a student body of approximately , ). vtditc was co-created by a diverse transdisciplinary team and is now in our fifth consecutive academic year of programming. the program has iteratively developed since the fall semester; we have successfully hosted more than events. </p> <p>importantly, vtditc builds on a year history of hip hop based curricula and approximately years of hip hop based co-curricular programming at the university. vtditc’s ability to connect and engage such a large group of people is a special attribute of the program. many universities have similar clubs or groups that bring together dancers with dancers or rappers with rappers, for instance, but vtditc is a unique community engagement program in that it prioritizes unity over stratification. the hip hop community at vt can be relatively small if people were counted solely by an arbitrary declaration like ‘hip hop scholar.’ however, when we invite our community to engage in hip hop as a culture, our participation numbers dwarf many other programs that could be considered our peers. vtditc’s success is at least partially due to the fact that a dynamic group of hip hop practitioners who embody the culture beyond our connection to the university co-create and care for it. we shift the university setting and resources to support hip hop culture, not the other way around.</p> <p>this article does not aim to chronicle the important role hip hop culture plays in education and college campuses (see rawls &amp; robinson, , as well as petchauer, and , gosa &amp; fields, , and nielson, ) nor does it seek to record hip hop culture’s history at virginia tech (see fralin, et al., ). we also are not seeking to describe a hip hop ethos (see harrison and arthur, ). rather, we look forward to sharing this case study as an exemplar of culturally responsive programming supported by a university library. in this article we explain how as engaged scholars we commit to understanding the role of culture in education as flexible, local, and global. </p> <h >hit the crates &amp; create</h > <p>the vtditc community chose our name as a way to recognize one of the many research processes inherent to traditional hip hop arts communities as well as a nod to specific cultural stalwarts. the term ‘digging in the crates’ refers to the traditional information seeking/archival research process that hip hop djs and sample-based producers use to find their source material. digging, understandably, is the physical and intellectual labor of the discovery process in this context – or the work required to locate, sort, and analyze vinyl records. the crates are the acid free archival box equivalent for the vinyl dj. a dj or producer who spends time in the crates has a larger musical vocabulary as a result – just as time spent in library archives benefits a research writer (craig, &amp; rice, ). beyond our name, the vtditc program utilizes effective engagement practices from the broader hip hop community to increase the reach of the virginia tech university libraries’ programming. providing opportunities for community members to engage with hip hop culture’s productions old and new, local and global, is an objective of many of our efforts. </p> <h >our guiding principles and mission statement</h > <p>early in the development of the program, our leadership board co-created our guiding principles: to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, arguably most importantly, to establish an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom. nearly half a decade later, applying these principles still guides the program in the direction of success. </p> <p>our mission statement was created shortly after founding the program. although it has been remixed and edited slightly over the years, the essence has remained the same. the latest iteration of our mission statement is as follows: </p> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"><blockquote><p>hip hop studies at virginia tech, or vtditc, exists to foster community-based learning among hip hop artists, fans, practitioners, and scholars digitally and globally. we aim to model that students, faculty, and staff’s personal interests are worthy of academic study and publication as well as further institutionalize hip hop studies’ presence on virginia tech’s campus.</p></blockquote></figure> <p><br />another motivator that guides our programming is the need to challenge the white heteronormativity of higher education and, especially, library spaces (rosa &amp; henke, ). we build upon the work of scholars such as ladson-billings ( , ), gay ( ), and rawls and robinson ( ) in an effort to nurture both the shared and divergent cultural backgrounds and sensibilities of our community members. removing misconceptions that specific groups are not to be included in the socially constructed identity of a hip hop scholar or practitioner requires intentional effort toward increasing representation of excluded identities. recognizing that hip hop culture was birthed and nurtured in black and brown working class communities, our leadership board prioritizes creating opportunities for hip hop arts practitioners and scholars of color. beyond considering race and ethnicity, we are deliberate about requiring gender parity among compensated guest artists and scholars. these are two examples of how the vtditc community acts as agents of change to redress historical and contemporary oppression in educational spaces (nysed, n.d.). </p> <h >the origins of vtditc</h > <p>the first meeting of what would eventually become our leadership board, the program’s decision making body, took place on december , in newman library. newman is virginia tech’s main campus library. it is also home to a modest recording studio (now known as media design studio b). the focus of this initial meeting was to create a monthly hip hop-focused seminar series that would take place in the largest venue in newman, the multipurpose room or mpr. volume : intro to djing and fair use occurred a couple of months later in february . </p> <p>along with the university libraries, representatives from a variety of both student organizations and campus units served as co-sponsors and worked hard to make the event a success. to start the event, students dylan holiday and alayna carey (alayna is a member of our leadership board at present) taught a workshop with librarian craig arthur. the workshop addressed the intersections and divergences of djing and fair use principles. afterwards, the sixty or so attendees had the opportunity to each try their hand at djing with a variety of equipment set up for their use. the vast majority of the equipment belonged to members of the leadership board. virginia tech’s own breaking (also known as breakdancing) club ended the event with an informal cypher. the event’s sponsoring organizations included the africana studies program, the black cultural center, the flowmigos (another name for the vt breaking club), the intercultural engagement center, the gloria d. smith professorship in black studies, students of hip hop legacy (a club related to hip hop fandom), vt expressions (a club focused on hosting open mic events), the vt women’s center, and wuvt . fm (the university’s student-run radio station). this workshop is now considered a foundational component of our  seminar series. it kicks off every year as a welcome event to our community members both old and new. the second iteration of this workshop received front-page coverage in the local newspaper; the article highlighted how hip hop culture was connecting students, faculty, staff, and community members in the newman library (korth, ). (for an approximation of the vibes at this recurring workshop, see <a href="https://youtu.be/oolwlylnkli">vtditc, a</a>.)</p> <h >the six elements of vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech</h > <p>vtditc is comprised of six main components: ) the seminar series, ) media literacy workshops, ) weekly studio hours, ) the community engagement fellows program, ) credit-bearing curriculum, and ) practitioners for hire. each of these elements serves a unique subset of our community; for instance, the audience of our media literacy workshops are typically k- students while our practitioners for hire element connects local artists with campus units for opportunities for the artists to be compensated for their talents. while the program originated with the seminar series, the majority of our labor is spent on the other components.</p> <h > ) the seminar series: vt’s longest running monthly event</h > <p>since that first seminar in february , we have hosted additional iterations of the seminar. approximately two dozen artists and scholars from beyond the campus have been compensated to share their expertise with the community we foster. the series, which takes place (originally in-person, now virtually [due to covid- ], and, in due time hopefully, both virtually and in-person) on the second or third thursday evenings of september, october, november, february, march, and april. our seminars specifically occur during these months because that is when the regular school semesters take place. december and may are skipped due to the harried nature of the exam season.</p> <p>the seminars have addressed a wide range of topics including but not limited to gender, artistic ethics, heteronormativity, entrepreneurship, race, and police brutality. a recent example of how we addressed a topic using a hip hop lens was at our seminar <em>vtditc volume : hip hop &amp; police brutalit</em>y. we hosted several scholars to discuss how hip hop music has long documented police violence. we selected hip hop songs that featured lyrics chronicling artists’ personal interactions with police over the course of three decades. throughout this seminar, we conducted a group temporal analysis of how artists use their music to express the climate of police brutality across time periods and geographic differences. ideally each year the planning committee develops seminars that directly discuss music creation as well as seminars that engage other hip hop practitioners in topics such as dance, the visual arts, journalism, and entrepreneurship. </p> <p>while including academic voices is important, intentionally prioritizing the perspectives of hip hop arts practitioners is essential to our program. our seminar series does not regularly follow the typical academic panel format. even the events that do resemble a more traditional academic seminar feature a single artistic performance at a minimum. the information discussed in our seminars applies and appeals to a wide range of individuals. as a result, attendees include virginia tech students, faculty, staff, that of nearby institutions, and community members from the broader new river valley and roanoke valley. as a result of the covid- pandemic, guests must now virtually attend our seminars. over the past few months, we have had individuals from across the united states check out our events. previously (before covid- ), guests would need to physically come to virginia tech’s newman library to attend these events. </p> <p>when attendees arrive at our seminars, they are greeted by a live dj mix of hip hop music curated by our own dj c. sharp. after the welcome mix, the event’s creative director and mc (roles currently occupied by jasmine and la’ portia) bring the community together for announcements. we begin by expressing gratitude to our community partners as well as acknowledging the tutelo/monacan nations as well as the enslaved african people (virginia tech’s blacksburg campus was formerly the site of the smithfield plantation) who occupied this land before us. following our announcements and land acknowledgements, we introduce our artists, scholars, and/or practitioners and they begin their presentations. throughout the seminar there are often exercises where the community interacts with the practitioners. when meeting in person, food was provided midway through the seminar for the community to share. this feature of our seminar series symbolizes a hip hop tradition of breaking bread, but also serves as an opportunity to (albeit marginally) help reduce food scarcity on campus (us gao, ). at the conclusion of our seminar, we make sure to allow time for an open question and answer session so that the community can have another opportunity to engage with the practitioners and as well as each other. we have also hosted numerous more participatory, performance-based events such as beat and mc battles. (see <a href="https://youtu.be/nbofsk s-a">vtditc, b</a> for highlights of our second annual beat battle as an example of how we are reimagining the seminar format.) </p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/uuhy zid rwmkdj _twbf nhtrai wqiopn a -emlydrtgovulfms de sv cbwdtdyrcrhuwx_uqmcebfryktqegbsuxlyvdbk sxvioyubskw twtphabh ol l xnto hb" /></figure> <p><em>(some members of the vtditc leadership board / ; l-r: eric luu (‘ -’ creative director, vt ‘ ), craig arthur (university libraries), juel downing (black cultural center student assistant ‘ -’ , vt ‘ ), yamin semali (atlanta-based mc, producer, dj, &amp; recording engineer), mallory foutch (former program coordinator, vt women’s center), and dr. a. kwame harrison (professor, department of sociology &amp; the africana studies program); image courtesy of richard randolph [vt ‘ ])</em></p> <h > ) do things for the kids: <strong>media literacy workshops for the broader community</strong></h > <p>this important component predates the program and is arguably our community’s favorite element of the vtditc program. craig has offered free dj classes throughout the new river valley for close to a decade. he had already integrated his twenty-year dj practice into his librarian praxis prior to joining virginia tech. recognizing that virginia tech university libraries was in the process of creating its <a href="https://lib.vt.edu/research-teaching/digital-literacy.html">digital literacy initiative</a> shortly after his arrival, he realized that these workshops would dovetail well with many of the learning outcomes therein and could support the initiative’s efforts. since that time, we have offered more than creation-focused workshops for the larger community. </p> <p>throughout the years, some of our more regular community partners have included – but are by no means limited to – the boys and girls clubs of southwest virginia, numerous iterations of the local alumnae chapter of alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s annual steam camp, roanoke public libraries, higher achievement, incorporated, vinton public library, and the west end center for youth. each of these organizations excels in providing programming to populations that virginia tech has traditionally underserved. </p> <p>although the pandemic has put a temporary stop to our in-person media literacy workshops, we are currently re-developing our lesson plans to work in an online synchronous learning environment. we have hosted three such virtual workshops this semester. our workshops previously prioritized providing both access to music production equipment and utilizing an experiential learning approach to connect hip hop’s creative practices to steam education. science, technology, engineering, the arts and mathematics (steam) education is enhanced by hip hop practices which encourage students to engage in inquiry, dialogue, and critical thinking. unlike stem, the addition of the arts component adds opportunities for students to thrive and connect with abstract concepts (liao, ). while it is difficult to replicate the hands-on experience – such as time with turntables, records, dj mixers, samplers, drum machines, and microphones – the online environment is well equipped for other creative practices like writing raps, critiques, and reflections. online students are also able to engage activities which allow them to explore the relationship of beats per minute in a song and other numerical factors. engineering is an emerging area of interest in the vtditc media literacy workshops. we hope to explore the connection between the built environment and community impacts. hip hop artists regularly communicate their experiences within their environmental context. <em>billboard</em> charting hip hop artists have published songs that reflect the impacts that <a href="https://open.spotify.com/track/ lwevhhypfgaieec b d y?si=r zijcpvrvqpegeqnhvpnw">natural disasters</a>, <a href="https://open.spotify.com/track/ pvzrfpt a ai h lt mqo?si=pagkz c spg tv qcdb ta">environmental injustice</a>, and <a href="https://open.spotify.com/track/ r zznqpg yowb prmw nc?si=qsvovhhqrxyt lcczu_tvg">unsafe infrastructure systems</a> have had on black communities. through a lyrical analysis of songs to introduce engineering issues, students are encouraged to consider engineering as a career path to serve their communities. </p> <h > ) cooking up: studio hours</h > <p>studio hours are a weekly (every friday afternoon) three hour open studio session for any member of our vtditc community to record, refine the mixes of their existing recordings, write new material, and seek guidance from their fellow artists. importantly, studio hours serves as a fellowship-focused space and a markedly strong community of practice is evident. this component of the program began in the spring semester of and has persisted since. it takes place in the location of our initial planning meeting back in december : media design studio b in newman library. mds b offers a recording booth, several audio interfaces, condenser microphones, and two computer workstations – one for audio recording and mixing and another for audio-visual production and/or audio pre-production work. the studio can comfortably accommodate approximately a dozen people. we prioritize the artists’ comfort  and have long been intentional about not overpacking mds b. the<em> </em>vtditc community has not only hosted the longest continuous program in mds b with studio hours, we have also provided valuable user feedback to the team that runs the space. our programming has helped transition the space and equipment therein from a faculty-focused curriculum development lab to a more outwardly-focused recording studio marketed to the broader community.</p> <p>numerous songs have been recorded in mds b by vtditc community members during studio hours. students retain ownership of their work and are guided through the process of publishing their music in both digital and analog formats. the black cultural center mixtape is an example of a community project that came into being largely as a result of studio hours. the bcc mixtape can be found on virginia tech’s black cultural center’s <a href="https://soundcloud.com/bccmixtape/sets/bcc-mixtape-vol- ">soundcloud</a> page; it was a long term, intensive project that was the brainchild of former bcc director kimberly williams. the project’s production, which took place over the course of two semesters, was largely orchestrated by the vtditc community. </p> <p>vtditc students have also performed live on wuvt . fm, the university’s student-run radio station, and as opening acts for several major artists when they have performed on campus. we are particularly proud that multiple vtditc alumni have gained employment in creative arts-focused organizations. many have continued their connection to vtditc by collaborating with the current community. we have also hosted regionally and internationally renowned artists and recording engineers as a component of our studio hours program. they include stimulator jones, tim donovan, omar offendum, sum, ian levy, and emcee lioness. as a result of these particular studio sessions, several collaborative songs have been released; they feature students, faculty members, and community members. </p> <p>each semester, a vtditc community member – often the lead technical director – serves as the resident recording engineer and studio hours community manager. we also attempt – with varying degrees of success – to ensure that we have an aspiring engineer in the wings to sustain the program’s momentum. there are relatively many virginia tech students who create their own music, but there are a limited number of students wanting to learn the engineering process necessary to record music. as a result, we intentionally promote the engineer mentor/mentee experience in hopes that we find interested individuals. our current creative director, jasmine, has expressed interest in music engineering and our leadership board is working to ensure that our current lead technical director shares all of their knowledge. these student leaders have been essential to the success of our constantly evolving and co-constructed studio etiquette guidelines as well. the guidelines ultimately reflect the values of the program and, in turn, ensure that the media co-created during studio hours is indicative of what we are trying to accomplish as a community. since the guidelines are prominently on display and reiterated at each of our sessions, they rarely need to be actively enforced.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/pn culdrioop vxst h lmktmp fsaedclnu ogtuko no qqikmggyi vrfojjda sewhbwgnbwwvqizeqwzij okftk-maatmuyaj usv knaqdblimperv x-_lbjbexaxyqh" /></figure> <p><em>(vtditc studio etiquette guidelines – fall )</em></p> <h > ) learning by doing: the vtditc community engagement fellows</h > <p>the faculty members on the leadership board created the vtditc community engagement fellows program as a way to intentionally transfer skills. students apply to partner with faculty members and dedicate time specifically to cultivating their expertise. this requires a relational process of shared responsibility with students and faculty. inasmuch, the vtditc community engagement fellows program helped us achieve an aspirational goal – to increase the agency of students within the community. the fellows – a team of approximately half a dozen undergraduate and graduate students – are essential to the success of our seminar series, our media literacy workshops, and studio hours. fellows comprise an interdisciplinary team that represent a wide swath of campus life and student organizations. oftentimes, the seemingly sole unifying feature of this team is that nearly all of the fellows are hip hop arts practitioners – be it djs, mcs, beat makers, visual artists, or dancers. </p> <p>each fellow is classified as either a technical director or a creative director depending on their interests and skill sets. the technical directors, led by a lead technical director, are responsible for the more mechanical aspects such as setting up and striking equipment as well as djing and running audiovisual equipment (and, lately, monitoring chat and moderating attendees) during our programs. the creative directors, led by a lead creative director, handle the more visionary aspects of the program. they help determine the upcoming topics for our seminar series and identify artists and scholars with whom we should engage. they also shape the visual and virtual identity of the program via graphic design and actively maintaining our social media presence. despite the differentiation of duties, both technical and creative directors play an active role in co-designing and co-leading our media literacy workshops. inasmuch, the vtditc program allows for unrivaled and, importantly, compensated experiential learning opportunities on campus and in the community. numerous alums are now working in hip hop arts-based or adjacent professions – as recording engineers in commercial studies or as a community manager for an international breaking school, for example – due in part to this experience.</p> <h > ) not so formal learning: the curricular components</h > <p>vtditc is, without question, a largely co-curricular program. however, along with founding leadership board member dr. a. kwame harrison, craig has co-taught two iterations of a credit bearing course that was directly tied to the vtditc program: <em>africana studies /sociology : foundations of hip hop</em>. this course was offered in fall ( students) and spring ( students). in keeping with the emphasis on experiential learning evident in the rest of the vtditc program, students were afforded the opportunity to create media projects rather than traditional academic essays in both iterations of this course. many students made use of the resources – equipment loans and the media design studio b, for instance – provided to them by the university libraries to do so.</p> <p>we have partnered with the department of sociology and the africana studies program, largely thanks to dr. harrison, to co-teach several independent study courses as well. foci of these courses have included mcing, coordinating events on campus, and internships in commercial recording studios. </p> <h > ) you can’t pay your bills with exposure: practitioners for hire</h > <p>as previously mentioned, the vtditc program intentionally prioritizes hip hop arts practitioners in all that we do. we do our best to leverage our campus relationships to connect these practitioners with compensated work. there are typically many opportunities – and unfortunately the majority pay with only exposure – for visual artists, djs, photographers, videographers, and dancers to share their work on a college campus. over the years, we have successfully connected members of our community with rare paid opportunities provided by the university.</p> <p>one example of our practitioners for hire component is the relationship we have fostered with north carolina based muralist good homie signs and the university. good homie has created six of the seven murals (the remaining mural was created by meme of the cbs and few &amp; far crews) vtditc has coordinated since the beginning of the program. “narrative art”, commissioned in april for a co-sponsored program on the rhetorics of graffiti with the department of english and dr. jonathan gross (purdue university), has been on display in a popular meeting room in shanks hall, the home of the english department, since june of last year. this component of the vtditc program is an innovation to the best of our knowledge; we hope to continue to connect hip hop arts practitioners with similar paid opportunities on our campus in the coming years.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/lqk-tooxqflj vovqfbm mtkjinejtqhmb escxcmdeaauxkbmxpsq ohbnbhnhx dinq dcvf xqfb p-d gcvnmaeqkcngou__x rfdr hvm cqvmaho js debefg- oz ug" /></figure> <p><em>(good homie signs’ “narrative art” mural completed / and permanently installed in the department of english’s conference room – / )</em></p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/nkq lwsbim qstf ucaviauthr-vppbefptyklewkmgx bsep ztgwei fskpsktz syrtaa tefmvfarly_o-vsnkppikxxiwl e yyvwlrngmesyt_q ulvccqjowikvxkm" /></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/vrfzjxhdmgljmiqyklxt p-cj -ojjy vxblz uw oda arobhqkvsj_ycyaojpudddpdad tooy qkzpzkztx q-pnk ln z amecni cqgmsqpy yobti-xxtj n im " /></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/cdjdk ujiyime dkoqfpradi lfz opfntndnq v_ikttlutts p xtwal_ fd z h-bj g h gurptvg rzihnl uii dzmiyxkjr tfrijthb h kg a gewbitumubkuwas" /></figure> <p><em>(good homie signs’ ut prosim [or “that i may serve” – the university’s motto] mural completed / and installed permanently in newman library / ; note: third image courtesy of cat piper [vt ‘ ])</em></p> <figure class="wp-block-image"><img alt="" src="https://lh .googleusercontent.com/ gvhrx klhyrt rnd ufy n wckvbtt sl__c kv lp xb k-kpaxsufkswokukxf v tciwmqpaaxmlcuctoozxkkb xagmdkchrczcmbepjjig bsfvtheybnrafqcckn -hou" /></figure> <p><em>(good homie signs’ bobcat studios mural completed / and located in the bobcat studios recording studio at radford high school [radford, va])</em></p> <h >the voice of the community</h > <p>to help assess the program, community members are asked to share their feedback. the following quotes are excerpts from testimonials, post-event interviews, and event planning meetings. quotes were selected to describe how members of our community speak to the connection that the vtditc programming supports.</p> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"><blockquote><p> “even outside of breaking, vtditc always brings a really cool vibe to whatever they have going on, whether it’s a rap sesh or craig spinning records or even just chilling and talking about current issues. it’s like a hip hop family, which is nice to see anywhere, especially in a place like blacksburg.”<br />– <strong>virgil thornton</strong></p></blockquote></figure> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"><blockquote><p>love is an important ingredient in our events to balance the work required to discuss the tough issues our community faces. academia is dominated with debates and lectures, and while both of those formats are present in vtditc programming, many of the discussions at our events are modeled to mimic a family dinner conversation. food is present and our crowd separates into small focus groups. </p><p>“my favorite memories were the beat battles–more specifically, seeing professors and students compete, champion, and show a bombastic love for each other.” </p><p>–<strong> kimberly williams </strong></p></blockquote></figure> <p>breaking down hierarchy is extremely important to empower voices. the vtditc community creates opportunities for faculty, staff, students, and non-university affiliated community members to compete on a level playing field. healthy competition allows for supportive energy to be transferred from the community into individuals and their creations. many of the artistic works shared in our competitions are works in progress that are improved through community input. </p> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"><blockquote><p>“vtditc is more than a library program; it is a community program, yet i continue to discuss its connection to the library and my librarianship. this is because working with vtditc showed me the value of leaving the library to listen to the people the library serves, and this is a lesson i am extremely grateful for as it makes me a better librarian.”</p><p>– <strong>kodi saylor</strong></p></blockquote></figure> <figure class="wp-block-pullquote"><blockquote><p>“i learned to listen better, respect better, and uplift better by being in that environment, which is something that came about naturally because that positive energy was already present.”<br />–<strong> jon kabongo</strong></p></blockquote></figure> <p>listening to others and valuing what they have to say is a non-negotiable community requirement of vtditc. the success of the vtditc program is greatly due to our ability to listen to what community members want and need. our community members feel listened to and reciprocate our efforts by listening to others at our events. virginia tech has aspirational <a href="https://www.inclusive.vt.edu/programs/vtpoc .html">community guidelines</a> which unfortunately are not always upheld. our community is not without flaw, but it is apparent that we are committed to superseding the expectations and standards of the broader university environment. we are not building a utopia but an incredible amount of trust is being developed within our community where open mics and vulnerable identities co-exist. </p> <h >plans for the future</h > <p>we feel confident that we have the program more or less dialed in both in practice and in theory, however we would like to increase the number of people that participate in the program. to date, the vtditc community has been funded largely by the university libraries (approximately $ , -$ , per year) via departmental support for outreach programming as well as by financial support from campus units and internal grants. the vast majority of these funds have gone directly to student wages, artist and scholar honorariums, and purchasing the equipment necessary to support the program. we have received several internal grants (ranging from $ to $ , ) in additional funding. to increase our impact in the broader community, we plan to aggressively seek external funding and sponsorships beyond campus. </p> <p>additionally, we also hope to further refine our programmatic assessment. qualitative data have been collected from events and engagements which has helped vtditc grow. a student collected several testimonials at our events as a part of a journalism project which was continued by our event staff in hopes of finding opportunities for improvement. participant testimonials have helped tune the amount of time allotted for discussion at events as well as the importance of communicating to students opportunities to become the hosts of our events. testimonial data also helped the vtditc event team create  “no-photos please” lanyards to protect student privacy, especially when engaging in politicized topics. planning meetings for vtditc events are open to anyone, and insights provided by visiting community members have improved our events – especially as new topics are explored in conjunction with new partners. in particular, visiting community members have helped us take an iterative approach to how we promote our events and spread the reach of our programming.</p> <p>vtditc hosts the most attended and longest running series in the newman library, and while the participation rates are impressive, we strive to develop richer quantitative measures of success to explore and assess the program’s success. with the program growing in scale, quantitative measures are beginning to become more applicable for measuring program success through standard statistical procedures. for our online programming, which has connected over participants in the same virtual meeting, a survey is being designed to accompany our registration process which will collect likert scale data to record participant perceptions of engagement and knowledge gains. this likert scale data will be recorded and used to help the leadership and advisory boards make decisions about the program’s trajectory. we also plan to leverage this data as evidence of the program’s impact for external grant funding. </p> <h >conclusion</h > <p>community practices are established over long periods of time. although the program is almost half a decade old, vtditc is just getting started. constructing, deconstructing, and re-envisioning the program has been a repetitive process. working in the university environment, vtditc was designed to be dynamic and capable of growing even with a large number of individuals whose tenures are relatively brief. many challenges are present when engaging with communities as volatile as those in higher education, especially with respect to continuity, trust, and funding. our guiding principles and engagement practices help to mitigate several common failures. post graduation vtditc students have open lines of  communication with the program and provide guidance to the generations that follow. vtditc only engages in community partnerships that are designed to meet community needs, and prioritize community empowerment, not the further establishment of the academic institution. financial constraints are considered opportunities to develop alternate paths towards success, while maintaining a high standard for the quality of our outputs. while the vtditc community cannot be duplicated at other institutions, by presenting our process, we hope to provide others with the ability to sample our program to create their own sound engagement practices with their community.  </p> <h >acknowledgements</h > <p>this article would not have been possible without the scores of students, artists, community members, as well as virginia tech faculty and staff who have played varying – but all vital – roles in the vtditc crew over the last half decade. </p> <p>arthur j. boston, ian beilin, and ryan randall’s formal peer-reviews were also invaluable as we wrote, remixed, and reworked this articles’ numerous drafts. thank you for your patience, kindness, and support.<br /><br />the vtditc community dedicates our work to the memory of:<br />james “trigganamatree” maples ( / / - / / ) – the reigning vtditc mc battle championchris “dj g-wiz” gwaltney ( / / - / / ) – early supporter of the program and co-teacher of numerous vtditc media literacy workshops</p> <h >references</h > <p>craig, t. ( ). “jackin’ for beats”: djing for citation critique.” <em>radical teacher</em>, ,  - .</p> <p>drake, d. ( , march ). “hip-hop’s unknown legends: the diggin’ in the crates crew.” <em>stylus magazine</em>. <a href="http://stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/hip-hops-unknown-legends-the-diggin-in-the-crates-crew.html">http://stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/hip-hops-unknown-legends-the-diggin-in-the-crates-crew.html</a></p> <p>fralin, s., foutch, m., arthur, c., harrison, a.k., paige, f., luu, e., &amp; downing, j. ( ). <em>hip hop @ vt. </em>exhibit displayed in newman library from august to november . <a href="https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/ / ">https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/ / </a></p> <p>gay, g. ( ). <em>culturally responsive teaching: theory, research, and practice</em>. new york: teachers college press.</p> <p>gosa, t. &amp; fields, t. ( ). “is hip-hop education another hustle? the (ir)responsible use of hip-hop as pedagogy.” in porfilio, b. &amp; viola, m. (eds.), <em>hip-hop(e): the cultural practice and critical pedagogy of international hip-hop</em> (pp. – ). peter lang.</p> <p>harrison, a.k. &amp; arthur, c. ( ). “hip hop ethos.” <em>humanities, </em>( ), - . </p> <p>korth, r. ( , february ). “students digging monthly hip hop event.” <em>roanoke times</em>. <a href="https://roanoke.com/news/education/higher_education/virginia_tech/students-digging-mo" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">https://roanoke.com/news/education/higher_education/virginia_tech/students-digging-monthly-hip-hop-event/article_d face - e a- e -aa f- f c f .html</a></p> <p>ladson-billings, g. ( ). “toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy.” <em>american educational research journal, </em>( ), - .<br /><br />ladson-billings, g. ( ). “culturally relevant pedagogy . : a.k.a. the remix.” <em>harvard educational review, </em>( ), - .</p> <p>liao, christine ( ). “from interdisciplinary to transdisciplinary: an arts-integrated approach to steam education,”<em> art educatio</em>n, : , - .</p> <p>new york state department of education. (n.d.). <em>culturally responsive-sustaining education framework. </em><a href="http://www.nysed.gov/common/nysed/files/programs/crs/culturally-responsive-sustaining-education-framework.pdf">http://www.nysed.gov/common/nysed/files/programs/crs/culturally-responsive-sustaining-education-framework.pdf</a> </p> <p>nielson, e. ( , april ). “high stakes for hip-hop studies.”<em> the huffington post</em>. <a href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/erik-nielson/high-stakes-for-hip-hop-studies_b_ .html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">https://www.huffingtonpost.com/erik-nielson/high-stakes-for-hip-hop-studies_b_ .html</a></p> <p>petchauer, e. ( ). “framing and reviewing hip-hop educational research.” <em>review of educational research, </em>( ), – . <a href="https://doi.org/ . / " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/ . / </a></p> <p>petchauer, e. ( ). <em>hip-hop culture in college students’ lives: elements, embodiment, and higher edutainment. </em>routledge.</p> <p>rawls, j.d. &amp; robinson, j. ( ). <em>youth culture power: a #hiphoped guide to building teacher-student relationships and increasing student engagement.</em> peter lang. </p> <p>rice, j. ( ). “the hip-hop machine: hip-hop pedagogy as composition.” <em>college composition and communication,</em> ( ), - .</p> <p>rosa, k. &amp; henke, k. ( ). <em> ala demographic study.</em> american library association. <a href="http://www.ala.org/tools/research/initiatives/membershipsurveys">http://www.ala.org/tools/research/initiatives/membershipsurveys</a></p> <p>u.s. government accountability office. “food insecurity: better information could help eligible college students access federal food assistance benefits.” u.s. government accountability office, january , .<a href="https://www.gao.gov/products/gao- - "> https://www.gao.gov/products/gao- - </a>.</p> <p>vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( a, october ). <a href="https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=% vtditc"><em>#vtditc</em></a><em> vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use</em> [video]. youtube. <a href="https://youtu.be/oolwlylnkli">https://youtu.be/oolwlylnkli</a> </p> <p>vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( b, november ). <a href="https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=% vtditc"><em>#vtditc</em></a><em> vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop featuring beatsbyjblack</em> [video]. youtube. <a href="https://youtu.be/nbofsk s-a">https://youtu.be/nbofsk s-a</a></p> <h >appendix</h > <p><strong>vtditc: a rough and incomplete timeline</strong></p> <ul><li><strong> / / : </strong>craig was invited by dr. karen davis to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s tau mu omega chapter’s first steam camp. the camp happened on the campus of radford university which was both dr. davis’ and craig’s employer at the time. although craig had been djing for years and had taught numerous individuals the craft by this point, this workshop was the first time he had the opportunity to teach a group of middle school students from a media literacy perspective<strong>.</strong></li><li><strong> / / : </strong>craig was invited back to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, inc.’s tau mu omega chapter’s second annual steam camp.<strong> </strong>this collaboration continues annually to the present. </li><li><strong> / / : </strong>craig began working at his alma mater in the role of teaching &amp; learning engagement librarian.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong>the first meeting of what would become the vtditc leadership board took place in what is now the media design studio b in newman library.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong>vtditc collaborated with roanoke public libraries for the <em>for the love of hip hop </em>program at their main branch. rpl and vtditc have partnered roughly a dozen times over the interceding years and our relationship with rpl is one unquestionably one of our strongest community partnerships.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ yso fsgx dyxvqde wba-oj stz/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use</em></a>. this event – along with every other in-person seminar series event – took place in newman library’s multipurpose room. vt students dylan holliday and alayna carey served as workshop co-teachers alongside craig. alayna (vt class of ‘ ) is still a member of the vtditc leadership board.</li><li><strong> / / - / / :</strong><em> first vt hip hop appreciation weekend</em> – a three day collaboration between students of hip hop legacy, the flowmigos/vt breaking club, and vtditc – occurred.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong><em> </em><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ jg _g bi_pz_zbsa-b -r wczrhunhin/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship</em></a> featured dj zomanno (los angeles based dj and vt alum), justin kim (los angeles based musican and model), and vt student nathan zed. dr. a. kwame harrison (vt department of sociology and africana studies program) moderated the discussion.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://youtu.be/a lfhsw o"><em>give me a break versus b-boy/b-girl jam</em></a><strong> </strong>(sponsored by the flowmigos/vt breaking club with assistance from vtditc) took place in the newman library multipurpose room.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ _-s bax pgipkxmq adpi ksqgr ewma/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop</em></a> featured legendary poet and vt faculty nikki giovanni. vt phd student corey miles and the black cultural center’s director kimberly williams moderated the discussion.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ -b sxm htefyunwojihd sfupsmytbpy/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop</em></a> featured yamin semali (atlanta based producer, dj, mc, and recording engineer). local music producer electrobro won first place.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ fmhfcogw gexqzofqiskdmkef hmhgkg/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : mc battle &amp; workshop</em></a> featured daytripper (atlanta based producer, dj, and mc) and emcee lioness (maryland based mc and vt alum). trigganamatree (aka james maples who passed tragically the following year) won the battle.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ sconw h ffgfhoon g twdrivpfnvbux/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; digital literacy</em></a> featured dr. ad carson (uva department of music), sum (los angeles based mc), vt student nathan zed, and stimulator jones (roanoke based musician). dr. a. kwame harrsion moderated the discussion.</li><li><strong>spring semester :</strong> we began hosting <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ uudshihc fflwimyol mp zct -q dgc/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc studio hours</em></a> in what is now the media design studio b in newman library. the sessions occurred from am to pm every friday that semester as well as during the summer.</li><li><strong> / / - / / : </strong><em>vtditc artist/entrepreneur-in-residence.</em> los angeles based artist sum served as the university libraries first (and only thus far) artist/entrepreneur in residence. sum met with over members of the campus community during his residency. afterwards he presented a document with numerous recommendations and debriefed interested members of the university libraries with his findings via a virtual meeting.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ jb h ew zktkn gjczvsnkoe r ym- f/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : the hour challenge</em></a> – a collaborative music creation competition – took place. three teams of approximately half a dozen randomly chosen local hip hop artists were given an hour to create a full song. the crowd picked their favorite at the conclusion of the event. logistically it was a nightmare but it all worked out somehow. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqiymjso dq">recap video</a></li><li><strong> / / : </strong><em>the roanoke times</em> publishes a front page story on the vtditc program.</li><li><strong> / / - / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ j govr pihfu ozn pl_llny vwlpr/view?usp=sharing"><em> nd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend</em></a><em> </em>transpired. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc served as co-sponsors.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ z e o nghrskkqt o zcjhf- i-rn /view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol </em>: <em>hip hop &amp; liberation</em></a> featured dr. brandy faulkner (vt department of political science), omar offendum (los angeles based mc), dumi right (vt alum and virginia based mc), and saba taj (durham based visual artist). <a href="https://youtu.be/ny lmkduvhw">recap video</a></li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ gi ln p l mdwrjl u fvizsgqi zsx/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc park jam</em></a> featured muralists icue (atlanta) and good homie signs (north carolina) as well as atlanta based dj and mc daytripper.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ ruutoxzu pprz tzjgakeqopa xzv oi/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop ii</em></a><em> </em>featured blair ebony smith (university) and kyesha jennings (nc state). <a href="https://youtu.be/gm_v h_d co">recap video</a></li><li><strong>fall semester : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ t g oskhezpgotgdacmxfoyd iu bho /view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc studio hours</em></a> continued in mds b. we altered hours to fridays from to to better serve our community’s needs.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ -xvza_ec v dqycekxeyz l veie l/view?usp=sharing"><em>the hip hop @ vt exhibit</em></a> opened in newman library. this exhibit – which was created in collaboration with the university libraries’ course exhibits program – was on display on the main floor of newman library through nearly the entirety of the fall semester. <a href="https://youtu.be/n vzkhq-pk">mural timelapse video</a></li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ tvgi _u wuej nm bhij e kltbbtogn/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use – the return</em></a> consisted of a workshop by craig and numerous vt djs/students who also served as small group coaches. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oolwlylnkli">recap video</a></li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ tvgi _u wuej nm bhij e kltbbtogn/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop</em></a> featured beatsbyjblack (northern virginia based music producer) and was hosted by vt student eric luu. vt student samwmta won first place. mike abstrakt, a roanoke-based high school student and music producer, took home second place. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbofsk s-a">recap video</a></li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ _pl nsbw -cmtlm akrlswpkmpfp b y/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; mental health</em></a> featured dr. ian levy (manhattan college), dr. freddy paige (virginia tech department of civil and environmental engineering), dr. brandy faulkner, and emcee lioness. </li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ kq bvtcean mgctdlwcndaz eypssdk/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; interrogating civility</em></a><em>. </em>this event, in collaboration with the office of student conduct, took a critical view of the imperative of civility on our campus. dr. andrea baldwin (vt department of sociology), yolanda avent (vt community and cultural centers), vt student juan pachecho, and dr. ad carson (uva) served as panelists. </li><li><strong> / / - / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ tunvo xuoesrbvw ekovakh_h bm fc/view?usp=sharing"><em> rd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend</em></a><em> </em>took place. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc again served as co-sponsors.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ g tnaaeytndyngnw cqi w jkqyuyn/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop iii – the return of the b-girl</em></a><em>. </em>graffiti artist meme, dancer bgirl macca, and emcee lioness served as panelists for this iteration of our seminar series. </li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ ycvopbpkgk wjeyw ebowodomkyrvr v/view?usp=sharing"><em> nd annual vtditc park jam</em></a><em> </em>featured muralists <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ dvmpkgaghgj xi xgmdoxamniqg dqa /view?usp=sharing">good homie signs</a> and <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ t vtnoqv la-_ hydtspak-bxrk_vn /view?usp=sharing">meme</a>. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn- cjs s">recap video</a></li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://soundcloud.com/bccmixtape/sets/bcc-mixtape-vol- "><em>black cultural center (bcc) mixtape</em></a><em> </em>released.<em> </em>this collaborative project – the culmination of a semester and a half of work largely done during <em>vtditc studio hours</em> – was formally released at a celebration at the bcc.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><em>words of the prophets: graffiti as political protest in greece, italy, and poland.</em><strong> </strong>this collaborative program with the vt department of english featured dr. jonathan gross (professor of english at purdue university). he shared his research regarding the rhetorics of graffiti art. good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural prior to this event. it is now on display in the department of english’s conference room (shanks hall ).</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ -kzbinxgfptwfoo w_gpsqb bq hswjg/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : show &amp; prove</em></a>. this event was an all elements open battle for local hip hop arts practitioners. members of the flowmigos won first place.</li><li><strong> / : </strong>the vtditc leadership board established our inaugural advisory board. the first advisory board consisted of juel downing (vt class of ‘ and original leadership board member), dr. j. rawls (dj/producer and educator), sum (mc), emcee lioness (vt class of ‘ and mc), dumi right (vt class of ‘ and mc), and dr. joycelyn wilson (assistant professor of black media studies, georgia tech).</li><li><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ pltplnlwenltfwvtokke_ttznknlthku/view?usp=sharing"><strong>‘ -’ academic year</strong></a><strong>: </strong>notably, the vtditc community engagement fellows co-designed and co-taught media literacy workshops for the broader community. roughly a dozen partner organizations helped facilitate these workshops.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ l qoknl n zfuro wwcgcl a_zsy_bxp/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; race – what hasn’t been said</em></a><em>. </em>this event consisted of small group discussions led by a team of moderators. </li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ vlat yrvc dbuxaqa tlyc renpn_ z/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : soul sessions – rebel voices</em></a><em>.</em> this iteration of our seminar series was a collaboration with roanoke-based open mic series soul sessions and celebrated of lgbtq+ history month.</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ shqocwqw dxybz x l hw _ dzyut/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : rd annual beat battle &amp; music production workshop</em></a><em>.</em> this recurrence of one of our most anticipated events was judged and hosted by stimulator jones (roanoke based musician, dj, and producer). vt student and music producer prince predator (vt class of ‘ ) won the battle. </li><li><strong>february : </strong><em>bobcat studios project.</em><strong> </strong>vtditc was awarded a $ internal grant by vt’s institute for creativity, arts, and technology to create a recording studio and the culturally-relevant curriculum necessary to support it at radford high school (radford, virginia). </li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ jny cydxrsmtcut wf_ alwn x g pqb/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : intro to djing and fair use iii</em></a>. this workshop was taught by ucla department of africana studies’ lynnée denise and focused on their research regarding the dj as scholar.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong>vtditc held a <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ coanoiv c gp plby nha zvz jynwry/view?usp=sharing">master class</a> with legendary recording engineer <a href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/ -tim-donovan">tim donovan</a> in media design studio b.<strong> </strong></li><li><strong>mid march : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ qjto nxi_aznifeeu b c ne-fmo/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc studio hours</em></a><em> </em>transitioned to a virtual-only format.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><em>vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop iv’s original date.</em><strong> </strong>we rescheduled this event to / / and transitioned to a virtual format due to the covid- pandemic</li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <em> rd annual vditc park jam’s original date.</em> we rescheduled this event to / / due to the covid- pandemic.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ zurnaeuyqzqe_ieg-pzsubz i sk /view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : black communities &amp; the police</em></a><em>. </em>this was our first virtual-only seminar series event and it transpired shortly after george floyd was murdered by the minneapolis police department. community stalwart dr. brandy faulkner kindly shared her expertise with us yet again.</li><li><strong>mid august : </strong><em>vtditc studio hours</em> reinstated in-person programming in mds b.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ wzujlkcoz qzg mkmddwcjnbpflqmbol/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop and police brutality</em></a><em>.</em><strong> </strong>our second virtual only seminar series event featured dr. brandy faulkner, dr. ellington graves (vt office for inclusion and diversity and department of sociology/africana studies program), roanoke-based recording artist macklyn, and radford university department of social work’s dr. deneen evans. panelists analyzed both current and classic hip hop songs as foundational texts describing instances of police violence. </li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ wxpkywzgphnasj zmvzg oqnprag-wo /view?usp=sharing"><em> rd annual vtditc park jam – the do-over</em></a><em>. </em>north carolina based artist and regular vtditc collaborator good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural of the virginia tech motto ut prosim (or “that i may serve”) outside of newman library. the mural was installed in newman library the following month. </li><li><strong> / / :</strong> <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ xtl ne_mb w-rc kbq-qyixk fk xwy/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol – the do-over: gender &amp; hip hop iv</em></a><em> </em>featured dr. shante paradigm smalls (st. john’s university). this event was our third virtual-only seminar series event. dr. smalls presentation focused on their research regarding queer hip hop historiographies.</li><li><strong> / / : </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ -_f ddbyi_j snpbxqi uzawjtcbayg/view?usp=sharing"><em>vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship ii</em></a><em> </em>featured stacy epps (atlanta-based artist and attorney). at our fourth virtual-only seminar series event, stacy’s workshop focused on the steps necessary for aspiring artists to professionalize their creative practices.</li><li><strong> / - / / : </strong>good homie signs created the <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/ ugomrvobw zhlqdhy_ yemufhtncprz/view?usp=sharing">bobcat studios mural</a> ( ’ by ’) at radford high school. </li></ul> <p><strong>images: </strong><a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ rmesxfmpcqjjrdjmrpcyqdebjxwsjvss?usp=sharing">https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ rmesxfmpcqjjrdjmrpcyqdebjxwsjvss?usp=sharing</a> </p> <p><strong>testimonials:</strong><br /><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/ nd b qqrzrvpw tojhwlmog yrazqv ypekcoymvwo/edit?usp=sharing">https://docs.google.com/document/d/ nd b qqrzrvpw tojhwlmog yrazqv ypekcoymvwo/edit?usp=sharing</a></p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 craig arthur 	 ed summers: curation communities 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /curation-communities/ 	 <p> as i indicated in the <a href="https://inkdroid.org/ / / /mystery-file/">last post</a> i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of <em>abstraction</em> where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to <a href="https://inkdroid.org/ / / /fuzzy-file-formats/">file formats</a> and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/istvan_banyai">istvan banyai</a>’s beautiful little children’s book <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/ /zoom-by-istvan-banyai/">zoom</a> (pun intended). </p> <p> i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) </p> <p> this final module concerned <em>community</em>. in our reading and discussion we looked at the <a href="https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/">fair principles</a> and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. </p> <p> <a href="https://lumendatabase.org"><img class="img-responsive" src="https://inkdroid.org/images/lumen.jpg" /></a> </p> <p> for the <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /notebook.ipynb">notebook exercise</a> i decided to have students experiment with the <a href="https://lumendatabase.org">lumen database</a> (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wendy_seltzer">wendy seltzer</a> and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. </p> <p> examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s <a href="https://github.com/github/dmca">dmca repository</a> which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. </p> <p> lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). </p> <p> at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /notebook.ipynb">available</a> on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/drive/ i w c l xgkjrjjdkhedlvujvu pz?usp=sharing">over in colab</a>, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. </p> <p> the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the <em>principal</em>, the <em>sender</em>, the <em>recpipient</em> and the <em>submitter</em> of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. </p> <p> the goal was to do a module about <em>infrastructure</em> after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. </p> <p> the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. </p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 david rosenthal: max ungrounding 	 https://blog.dshr.org/ / / -max-ungrounding.html 	 my post <a href="https://blog.dshr.org/ / / -max-case-against-boeing.html"><i> max: the case against boeing</i></a> is a year old and has accumulated updates in comments. now the aircraft is returning to service, it is time for a new post. below the fold, bjorn fehrm has two interesting posts about the ungrounding.<br /><span><a name="more"></a></span><br />in the first, <a href="https://leehamnews.com/ / / /boeing- -max-changes-beyond-mcas/"><i>boeing max changes beyond mcas</i></a>, fehrm lays out the cascade of warnings that resulted from a single angle-of-attack sensor failure:<br /><blockquote>as faa and boeing played through what happened in the max crashes in boeing’s engineering simulators, the cascading alerts triggered by a faulty single angle of attack (aoa) sensor stood out:<br /> <ul> <li>stick shaker went on on the affected side from rotation and stayed on all the time, despite the aircraft flying with the correct speed and not being close to stall.</li> <li>ias (airspeed) unreliable alert triggered</li> <li>alt (altitude) unreliable alert triggered</li> <li>aoa (angle of attack) unreliable should have shown but didn’t because of a bug in max’s software that tied it to the optional display of aoa on the pilot’s primary flight display (pfd, the pilot’s electronic horizon display).</li> <li>the speed tapes on the pilot’s primary flight display behaved strangely, showing too low speed and high speed concurrently in the et case.</li> </ul> several trim related failures in such an environment relied on the pilots identifying the trim misbehavior within four seconds. when flight crews from different airlines were flying these scenarios, it became clear such assumptions were unrealistic.</blockquote>this is an example of the hand-off problem that is inherent in sophisticated automation (see <a href="https://blog.dshr.org/ / /first-we-change-how-people-behave.html"><i>first we change how people behave</i></a> and the numerous comments). clearly, giving even expert pilots only seconds to comprehend and react to this confusing rush of warnings would have been unrealistic, even if the pilots had been informed about and trained on the mcas system that was causing them, which they weren't.<br /><br /> in the second, fehrm points out an interesting difference between the faa's and the easa's requirements for re-certifying the max in <a href="https://leehamnews.com/ / / /bjorns-corner- -max-ungrounding-anacs-and-easas-decisions/"><i> max ungrounding, anac’s and easa’s decisions</i></a>:<br /><blockquote>the other condition has its root in the disconnection of speed trim, mcas, autopilot, and flight directors should the two angle of attack systems disagree. easa will temporarily revoke the max certification for required navigation performance – authorization required (rnp ar) approaches.<br />...<br />should the aoa monitor trip, speed trim, mcas, and more importantly, autopilot and flight directors disconnect, it puts a crew in a very tight spot as the difficulty of such approaches are high (they require special crew training and certification). you need all the tools you have in such approaches and don’t want a sudden disconnect of the autopilot and flight directors combined with speed trim warning, followed by aoa, ias and alt disagree.<br /><br />the revoke of the rpn ar approach certification is temporary. one can guess it will be allowed again once a synthetic third aoa sensor is introduced to the max. it creates a voting “two versus one” situation when one of the sensors presents suspicious values. it would then result in an aoa disagree warning, but the autopilot and flight directors would stay on and ias and alt would still get the required aoa corrections. the aoa disagree is then an indication for required maintenance rather than a major system hiccup. </blockquote>duplicating systems is never a good approach to fault tolerance, they must be triplicated. in the s ba used tridents on the edinburgh to london shuttle. their autoland systems were triplcated, and certified for zero-visibility landing. i experienced my first go-round when, on my way from edinburgh to miami for a conference, the approach to lhr in heavy cloud was interrupted by the engines spooling up and an abrupt climb. the captain calmly announced that one of the autopilots disagreed with the other two and, as a precaution, we were going around for another try. on the second approach there was no disagreement. we eventually landed in fog so thick i couldn't see the wingtips. only the tridents were landing, nothing was taking off. my miami flight was delayed and after about hours i was re-routed via lga.<br /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 david. (noreply@blogger.com) 	 digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom 	 https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-hsiu-ann-tom/ 	 <p><em><img alt="hsiu-ann tom" class="alignleft wp-image- size-medium" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /tom-hsiu-ann.jpg?resize= % c " width=" " />this post was written by hsiu-ann tom, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual <a href="https://forum .diglib.org/community-journalist/">dlf forum community journalists</a>.</em></p> <p><em>hsiu-ann is the digital archivist at the amistad research center in new orleans, la where her work focuses on born digital collection development. she received her masters in library and information science with a concentration in archives management from simmons university in boston in . she is a graduate of columbia university (ba, sociology) and harvard university (ma, religion and politics), and is a member of the academy of certified archivists. prior to working in the archival field, hsiu-ann served in the united states army intelligence field as a cryptolinguistic analyst, attending the defense language institute in monterey, california. before coming to amistad, hsiu-ann worked on the archives staff of boston university’s howard gotlieb archival research center working with the military historical society of massachusetts collection. she recently obtained the society of american archivist digital archivist specialist certification and enjoys supporting students and new professionals in their educational development through her work as a member of saa’s graduate archival education committee.  </em></p> <hr /> <div class="page" title="page "> <div class="section"> <div class="layoutarea"> <div class="column"> <p>i am thankful for the opportunity to have helped cover this year’s conference as one of community journalists. given all of the challenges of , i was looking forward to hearing how my colleagues were finding ways to navigate unfamiliar situations and overcome obstacles. as a new graduate in my first full-time position out of library school, it was both inspiring and encouraging to listen to so many in the field describe their innovations over the course of the conference. i am thankful to the conference organizers and attendees for assembling such a rich program for everybody to enjoy.</p> <p>as i gathered my thoughts about what to write, i was overwhelmed by the achievements and innovations of the dlf community. each session was packed with more information than i could absorb and it was a joy to hear such dedicated professionals talk about their work. yet, when i thought about the conference experience, what stuck out to me the most was the conference design itself and its alignment with dlf’s mission and values. i considered the introductory comments of charles henry and the dlf mission:</p> <p><em><strong>dlf: advancing research, learning, social justice, &amp; the public good through the creative design &amp; wise application of digital library technology</strong><br /> <img alt="screenshot of dlf forum opening plenary featuring charles henry" class="aligncenter wp-image- " height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/www.diglib.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/ / / /hsiu-ann-image.jpeg?resize= % c " width=" " /></em></p> <p>the conference felt like a model for how to implement these community values. it was exciting to see ideas in action and to feel like i was included in that as a newcomer to this group.</p> <p>from before the start of the conference, i appreciated the efforts of conference staff to make conference content accessible to attendees of all abilities. in light of the pandemic and the turn to online communication platforms, transcription and closed captioning services for the hearing impaired are sometimes overlooked by conference organizers. as a us army veteran with hearing impairment who does not read lips, this was something i struggled with on my own until this year when online meetings meant i had to start asking for more accommodations. this is not always a comfortable or easy thing for anyone to do despite how accepting society says we are to helping those who need accommodations. dlf conference staff began reaching out by email prior to the conference to address these concerns and confirm the availability of captioning and transcription services for all sessions – something that has not been my experience at other conferences.</p> <p>on the first day of the conference when i could not understand how to make the captioning features work, dlf had staff on hand via zoom link to jump on a screen share to show me how things worked on the aviary platform in real time. they emailed me links to sessions i missed, coached me through the features as i tested the captioning, showed me how transcriptions worked and even where i could have emailed transcripts of the conference sessions and slide notes to access at a later time. normally i would have to stop videos and play them back multiple times to get content for note taking. personally, these tools meant participating in the conference with fewer distractions and less stress. as the conference progressed, i thought more about the importance of these tools for our user community and how we can employ them to improve their experiences.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page" title="page "> <div class="section"> <div class="layoutarea"> <div class="column"> <p>dr. stacey patton’s words during her opening address stayed with me throughout the conference as i considered the topic of accessibility in my daily work. she asked attendees to consider our role as archivists. as a new archivist trying to develop policies, procedures and workflows that encourage access and use for those coming to my archive, how can i perform my work more inclusively? are there communities being overlooked? what needs are going unmet and how do i address them? current discussions and work around accessibility are critical to ensuring that all patrons have access to the work we perform. the dlf forum was a great experience for me in that i was able to learn about new tools to help with accessibility like otter.ai and how to use it. i also learned about adjusting on the fly, accepting that sometimes technology will malfunction even with the best laid plans, having a backup plan to back up your plan is a great plan and finally, asking your community of peers for help may be your best plan.</p> <p>i am fortunate to have been able to attend dlf this year and to see the hard work of so many colleagues on display, learn new skills and connect with a community of professionals working in my field. there are many ways organizations demonstrate to their community of users “you are welcome here. we want you here and you are part of this community.” these simple steps taken by the dlf conference team through the accessibility tools helped me to feel part of the community this year.</p> <p>thank you to staff who provided assistance with transcription and captioning services, and to those who helped with platform support.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/dlf-forum-community-journalist-reflection-hsiu-ann-tom/" rel="nofollow">dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 gayle 	 journal of web librarianship: evolutional librarianship: from supermarket to smorgasbord 	 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/ . / . . ?ai= dl&mi=co bk&af=r 	 . <br /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 maree ackehurst 	 casey bisson: every journalist 	 https://maisonbisson.com/post/every-journalist/ 	 ryu spaeth on the dirty job of journalism: [e]very journalist […] at some point will have to face the morally indefensible way we go about our business: namely, using other people to tell a story about the world. not everyone dupes their subjects into trusting them, but absolutely everyone robs other people of their stories to tell their own. every journalist knows this flushed feeling, a mix of triumph and guilt, of securing the story that will redound glory unto them, not the subject. 	 - - t : : + : 	 ed summers: mystery file! 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /mystery-file/ 	 <p> we started the semester in my <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /#readme">digital curation</a> class by engaging in a little exercise i called <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /readme.md">mystery file</a>. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. </p> <p> the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. </p> <p> <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /readme.md"><img class="img-responsive" src="https://inkdroid.org/images/mystery-file.png" /></a> </p> <p> the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. </p> <p> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://inkdroid.org/images/mystery-file-metadata.png" /> </p> <p> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://inkdroid.org/images/mystery-file-sequence.png" /> </p> <p> once they had submitted their answers i shared a <a href="https://tube.nocturlab.fr/videos/watch/ cd b- f- e- c- b fae">video</a> with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /notebook.ipynb">colab</a>. i shared the <a href="https://github.com/edsu/inst /blob/master/modules/module- /notebook.ipynb">completed notebook</a> with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. </p> <p> the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures <em>working</em> despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. </p> <p> but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s <a href="https://zeynep.substack.com/p/the-pandemic-heroes-who-gave-us-the">the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information</a> this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. </p> <p> (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) </p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 islandora: islandora open meeting: december th, 	 https://islandora.ca/content/islandora- -open-meeting-december- th- 	 <span class="field field-node--title field-name-title field-type-string field-label-hidden">islandora open meeting: december th, </span> <span class="field field-node--uid field-name-uid field-type-entity-reference field-label-hidden" rel="schema:author"><span xml:lang="">manez</span></span> <span class="field field-node--created field-name-created field-type-created field-label-hidden">mon, / / - : </span> <div class="clearfix field field-node--body field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"> <div class="field-label">body</div> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item"><p>our first general open meeting for islandora , held on november th, went great! we didn't have a moment of down time in four hours, and we ended up covering everything from basic introductory demos to detailed looks under the hood of islandora sites in production.</p> <p>we will be holding another open drop-in session on december th, from : am to : pm eastern. full details, and the zoom link to join, are in <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/ edm vswffooehvhwb ib s guwjujyn h_fnhjiq/edit?usp=sharing">this google doc</a>. the meeting is free form, with experienced islandora users on hand to answer questions or give demos on request. please drop in at any time during the four-hour window.</p> <p>registration is not required. if you would like a calendar invite as a reminder, please let us know at community@islandora.ca.</p></div> </div> </div> 	 - - t : : + : 	 manez 	 digital library federation: announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix 	 https://www.diglib.org/announcing-a-portuguese-translation-of-the- -levels-of-digital-preservation-matrix/ 	 <h ><b>portuguese translations of the levels of digital preservation matrix </b></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">the ndsa is pleased to announce that version ( ) of the levels matrix has been translated into portuguese by </span><a href="http://orcid.org/ - - - "><span style="font-weight: ;">laura vilela r. rezende</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">this document enriches the scientific studies on digital preservation and research data curation developed by the brazilian research group of which the researcher is part:</span></p> <p><a href="http://dgp.cnpq.br/dgp/espelhogrupo/ "><span style="font-weight: ;">the research network – driade: digital preservation studies and practices </span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">links to these documents are found below as well as on the levels of digital preservation osf project page: </span><a href="https://osf.io/qgz /"><span style="font-weight: ;">https://osf.io/qgz /</span></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: ;"><a href="https://osf.io/ mkwx/"><span style="font-weight: ;">v . </span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> ( ) </span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">if you would be interested in translating the levels of digital preservation v . into another language please contact us at ndsa.digipres@gmail.com. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;"> </span></p> <h ><b>tradução para o português da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital de  </b></h > <p><span style="font-weight: ;">a ndsa tem o prazer de anunciar que a versão . ( ) da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital foi traduzida para o português por </span><a href="http://lattes.cnpq.br/ "><span style="font-weight: ;">laura vilela r. rezende</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">este documento enriquece os estudos científicos sobre preservação digital e curadoria de dados de pesquisa desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa brasileiro do qual a pesquisadora faz parte: </span></p> <p><a href="http://dgp.cnpq.br/dgp/espelhogrupo/ "><span style="font-weight: ;">rede de pesquisa driade – estudos e práticas de preservação digital</span></a></p> <p><span style="font-weight: ;"> </span><span style="font-weight: ;">a seguir os links para acesso a este documentos. É possível acessar também pela página do projeto osf: </span><a href="https://osf.io/qgz /"><span style="font-weight: ;">https://osf.io/qgz /</span></a></p> <ul> <li style="font-weight: ;"><a href="https://osf.io/ mkwx/"><span style="font-weight: ;">v . </span></a><span style="font-weight: ;"> ( )  </span></li> </ul> <p><span style="font-weight: ;">caso tenha interesse em traduzir os níveis de preservação digital v . em outro idioma, por favor entre em contato conosco pelo e-mail: </span><a href="mailto:ndsa.digipres@gmail.com"><span style="font-weight: ;">ndsa.digipres@gmail.com</span></a><span style="font-weight: ;">  </span></p> <p>the post <a href="https://www.diglib.org/announcing-a-portuguese-translation-of-the- -levels-of-digital-preservation-matrix/" rel="nofollow">announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix </a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.diglib.org" rel="nofollow">dlf</a>.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 kussmann 	 terry reese: marcedit . update status 	 https://blog.reeset.net/archives/ 	 <p>i’m planning to start making testing versions of the new marcedit instance available around the first of the year broadly, to a handful of testers in mid-dec.  the translation from .net . . to .net was more significant than i would have thought – and includes a number of swapped default values – so hunting down behavior changes.  currently, the follow updates have been completed.</p> <ul> <ul> <li>framework used: .net . </li><li>rda helper: $e process modified. added criteria to $e generation. previously, if a $e is already present, an new $e wasn’t added. now, if a $e or $ is present, a $e won’t be generated. </li><li>rda helper: changes related to rda updates </li><li>added new elements to the new window programs for pinning </li><li>xml editor: delete block element added </li><li>xml editor: xquery processing option </li><li>if a set of records include bibliographic and authority records, the rda helper will skip the authority records </li><li>updated installation wizard (allows migration of .x and .x content into the tool) </li><li>updating oclc integration to use new metadata api search </li><li>delimited text translator — added ability to use custom mnemonic replacements </li><li>delimited text translator — no longer a stand alone program <ul> <li>app part of main marcedit app </li><li>command line options folded into marcedit app</li> </ul> </li><li>[in process] linked data rules file version <ul> <li>enhancements to the rules file schema</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li>-tr</li> </ul> 	 - - t : : + : 	 reeset 	 journal of web librarianship: what metadata matters?: correlation of metadata elements with click-through rates for e-books and streaming video in the academic library catalog 	 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/ . / . . ?ai= dl&mi=co bk&af=r 	 . <br /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 nicole trujillo 	 max planck digital library: mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm 	 https://blog.vlib.mpg.de/mpg-sfx-server-maintenance-tuesday- -december- - -pm/ 	 <p>the database of the mpg/sfx server will undergo scheduled maintenance. the downtime will start at pm. services are expected to be back after minutes.</p> <p>we apologize for any inconvenience.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 eia 	 casey bisson: the three tribes of the internet 	 https://maisonbisson.com/post/the-three-tribes-of-the-internet/ 	 authors primavera de filippi, juan ortiz freuler, and joshua tan outline three competing narratives that have shaped the internet: libertarian, corporate, and nationalist. this matters because our physical lives are now deeply intertwined with and codependent on our internet activities. the latest information about covid regulations in many communities is first released on twitter, for example. a declaration is a political act, which describes what should be done. a narrative is a political tool, which elaborates on why it should be done. 	 - - t : : + : 	 mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies 	 https://matienzo.org/ /perfecting-a-favorite-oatmeal-chocolate-chip-cookies/ 	 <p>i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies 	 https://matienzo.org/ /perfecting-a-favorite/ 	 <p>i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 casey bisson: happy d.b. cooper day 	 https://maisonbisson.com/post/happy-db-cooper-day-fa a c/ 	 d.b. cooper day is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving, every year. 	 - - t : : + : 	 peter murray: user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay 	 https://dltj.org/article/snsi-webinar-thoughts/ 	 <p>earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called <em><a href="https://www.snsi.info/news-and-events/cybersecurity-landscape/">cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure</a></em>. what had riled up the people i follow on twitter was the first presentation: “security collaboration for library resource access” by <a href="https://www.coreyroach.com/">cory roach</a>, the <a href="https://it.utah.edu/departments/iso/">chief information security officer at the university of utah</a>. many of the tweets and articles linked in tweets were about a proposal for a new round of privacy-invading technology coming from content providers as a condition of libraries subscribing to publisher content. one of the voices that i trust was urging caution:</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en">i highly recommend you listen to the talk, which was given by a university cio, and judge if this is a correct representation. fwiw, i attended the event and it is not what i took away.</p>— lisa janicke hinchliffe (@lisalibrarian) <a href="https://twitter.com/lisalibrarian/status/ ?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">november , </a></blockquote> <p>as near as i can tell, much of the debate traces back to this article:</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en">scientific publishers propose installing spyware in university libraries to protect copyrights - coda story <a href="https://t.co/rtcokiukbf">https://t.co/rtcokiukbf</a></p>— open access tracking project (@oatp) <a href="https://twitter.com/oatp/status/ ?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">november , </a></blockquote> <p>the article describes cory’s presentation this way:</p> <blockquote> <p>one speaker proposed a novel tactic publishers could take to protect their intellectual property rights against data theft: introducing spyware into the proxy servers academic libraries use to allow access to their online services, such as publishers’ databases.</p> </blockquote> <p>the “spyware” moniker is quite scary. it is what made me want to seek out the recording from the webinar and hear the context around that proposal. my understanding (after watching the presentation) is that the proposal is not nearly as concerning. although there is one problematic area—the correlation of patron identity with requested urls—overall, what is described is a sound and common practice for securing web applications. to the extent that it is necessary to determine a user’s identity before allowing access to licensed content (an unfortunate necessity because of the state of scholarly publishing), this is an acceptable proposal. (through the university communications office, <a href="https://attheu.utah.edu/university-statements/statement-from-ciso-corey-roach/">corey published a statement</a> about the reaction to his talk.)</p> <p>in case you didn’t know, a web proxy server ensures the patron is part of the community of licensed users, and the publisher trusts requests that come through the web proxy server. the point of cory’s presentation is that the username/password checking at the web proxy server is a weak form of access control that is subject to four problems:</p> <ol> <li><em>phishing</em> (sending email to tricking a user into giving up their username/password)</li> <li><em>social engineering</em> (non-email ways of tricking a user into giving up their username/password)</li> <li><em>credential reuse</em> (systems that are vulnerable because the user used the same password in more than one place)</li> <li><em>hactivism</em> (users that intentionally give out their username/password so others can access resources)</li> </ol> <p>right after listing these four problems, cory says: <em>“but anyway we look at it, we can safely say that this is primarily a people problem and the technology alone is not going to solve that problem. technology can help us take reasonable precautions… so long as the business model involves allowing access to the data that we’re providing and also trying to protect that same data, we’re unlikely to stop theft entirely.”</em></p> <p>his proposal is to place “reasonable precautions” in the web proxy server as it relates to the campus identity management system. this is a slide from his presentation:</p> <figure> <img alt="diagram of the components that are in place to facilitate a user's access to publisher content, including the web proxy server at the center." src="https://dltj.org/wp-content/uploads/ / - - -roach-slide .png" width=" " /> slide from presentation by cory roach </figure> <p>i find this layout (and lack of labels) somewhat confusing, so i re-imagined the diagram as this:</p> <figure> <img alt="diagram that is a derivative of mr. roach's diagram that emphasizes the portions that are under university control and portions under publisher control." src="https://dltj.org/wp-content/uploads/ / - - -modern-library-design-revisited.png" width=" " /> revised 'modern library design' </figure> <p>the core of cory’s presentation is to add predictive analytics and per-user blocking automation to the analysis of the log files from the web proxy server and the identity management server. by doing so, the university can react quicker to compromised usernames and passwords. in fact, it could probably do so more quicker than the publisher could do with its own log analysis and reporting back to the university.</p> <p>where cory runs into trouble is this slide: </p> <figure> <img alt="slide describing benefits of a modern library design. heading: library logs/info. bullet points: timestamps, extensive browser info, username, account information, customer ip, urls requested, -factor device info, geographic location, user behavior, biometric data, threat correlation / info sharing. heading: publisher logs. bullet points: timestamps, proxy ip, urls request" src="https://dltj.org/wp-content/uploads/ / - - -roach-slide .png" width=" " /> slide from presentation by cory roach </figure> <p>in this part of the presentation, cory describes the kinds of patron-identifying data that the university could-or-would collect and analyze to further the security effort. in search engine optimization, these sorts of data points are called “signals” and are used to improve the relevance of search results; perhaps there is an equivalent term in access control technology. but for now, i’ll just call them “signals”.</p> <p>there are some problems in gathering these signals—most notably the correlation between user identity and “urls requested”. in the presentation, he says: <em>“you can also move over to behavioral stuff. so it could be, you know, why is a pharmacy major suddenly looking up a lot of material on astrophysics or why is a medical professional and a hospital suddenly interested in internal combustion. things that just don’t line up and we can identify fishy behavior.”</em> it is core to the library ethos that we make our best effort to not track what a user is interested in—to not build a profile of a user’s research unless they have explicitly opted into such data collection. as librarians, we need to gracefully describe this professional ethos and work that into the design of the systems used on campus (and at the publishers).</p> <p>still, there is much to be said for using some of the other signals to analyze whether a particular request is from an authorized community member. for instance, cory says: <em>“we commonly see this user coming in from the us and today it’s coming in from botswana. you know, has there been enough time that they could have traveled from the us to botswana and actually be there? have they ever access resources from that country before is there residents on record in that country?”</em></p> <p>the best part of what cory is proposing is that the signals’ storage and processing is at the university and not at the publisher. i’m not sure if cory knew this, but a recent version of ezproxy added a <a href="https://help.oclc.org/library_management/ezproxy/configure_resources/usagelimit"><code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">usagelimit</code> directive</a> that builds in some of these capabilities. it can set per-user limits based on the number of page requests or the amount of downloaded information over a specified interval. one wonders if somewhere in oclc’s development queue is the ability to detect ip addresses from multiple networks (geographic detection) and browser differences across a specified interval. still, pushing this up to the university’s identity provider allows for a campus-wide view of the signals…not just the ones coming through the library.</p> <p>also, in designing the system, there needs to be clarity about how the signals are analyzed and used. i think cory knew this as well: <em>“we do have to be careful about not building bias into the algorithms.”</em></p> <h id="yeah-the-need-for-this-technology-sucks">yeah, the need for this technology <em>sucks</em>.</h > <p>although it was the tweet to the <a href="https://www.codastory.com/authoritarian-tech/spyware-in-libraries/">coda story</a> about the presentation that blew up, the thread of the story goes through <a href="https://www.techdirt.com/articles/ / /to-prevent-free-frictionless-access-to-human-knowledge-publishers-want-librarians-to-be-afraid-very-afraid.shtml">techdirt</a> to a tangential paragraph from <a href="https://netzpolitik.org/ /news-from-elsevier-no-open-access-deal-but-spyware-against-shadow-libraries/">netzpolitik</a> in an article about germany’s licensing struggle with elsevier.</p> <p>with this heritage, any review of the webinar’s ideas are automatically tainted by the distain the library community in general has towards elsevier. it is reality—an unfortunate reality, in my opinion—that the traditional scholarly journal model has publishers exerting strong copyright protection on research and ideas behind paywalls. (wouldn’t it be better if we poured the anti-piracy effort into improving scholarly communication tools in an open access world? yes, but that isn’t the world we live in.) almost every library deals with this friction by employing a web proxy server as an agent between the patron and the publisher’s content.</p> <p>the netzpolitik article says:</p> <blockquote> <p><strong>…but relies on spyware in the fight against „cybercrime“</strong></p> <p>of course, sci-hub and other shadow libraries are a thorn in elsevier’s side. since they have existed, libraries at universities and research institutions have been much less susceptible to blackmail. their staff can continue their research even without a contract with elsevier.</p> <p>instead of offering transparent open access contracts with fair conditions, however, elsevier has adopted a different strategy in the fight against shadow libraries. these are to be fought as „cybercrime“, if necessary also with technological means. within the framework of the „scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)“, which was founded together with other large publishers, elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled „cybersecurity landscape – protecting the scholarly infrastructure“*, hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data („develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies“).</p> <p>with the help of an „analysis engine“, not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used—if not primarily—against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub.</p> </blockquote> <p>the other commentary that i saw was along similar lines:</p> <ul> <li> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>[is the snsi the new prism?</td> <td>bjoern.brembs.blog](http://bjoern.brembs.net/ / /is-the-snsi-the-new-prism/)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </li> <li> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>[academics band together with publishers because access to research is a cybercrime</td> <td>chorasimilarity](https://chorasimilarity.wordpress.com/ / / /academics-band-together-with-publishers-because-access-to-research-is-a-cybercrime/)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </li> <li> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>[whois behind snsi &amp; getftr?</td> <td>motley marginalia](https://csulb.edu/~ggardner/ / / /snsi-getftr/)</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </li> </ul> <p>let’s face it: any friction beyond follow-link-to-see-pdf is more friction than a researcher deserves. i doubt we would design a scholarly communication system this way were we to start from scratch. but the system is built on centuries of evolving practice, organizations, and companies. it really would be a better world if we didn’t have to spend time and money on scholarly publisher paywalls. and i’m grateful for the open access efforts that are pivoting scholarly communications into an open-to-all paradigm. that doesn’t negate the need to provide better options for content that must exist behind a paywall.</p> <h id="so-what-is-this-snsi-thing">so what is this snsi thing?</h > <p>the webinar where cory presented was the first mention i’d seen of a new group called the <a href="https://www.snsi.info/">scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)</a>. snsi is the latest in a series of publisher-driven initiatives to reduce the paywall’s friction for paying users or library patrons coming from licensing institutions. <a href="https://www.getfulltextresearch.com/">getftr</a> (<a href="https://dltj.org/tag/getftr/">my thoughts</a>) and <a href="https://seamlessaccess.org/">seamless access</a> (<a href="https://dltj.org/tag/seamlessaccess/">my thoughts</a>). (disclosure: i’m serving on two working groups for seamless access that are focused on making it possible for libraries to sensibly and sanely integrate the goals of seamless access into campus technology and licensing contracts.)</p> <p>interestingly, while the seamless access initiative is driven by a desire to eliminate web proxy servers, this snsi presentation upgrades a library’s web proxy server and makes it a more central tool between the patron and the content. one might argue that <em>all</em> access on campus should come through the proxy server to benefit from this kind of access control approach. it kinda makes one wonder about the coordination of these efforts. still, snsi is on my radar now, and i think it will be interesting to see what the next events and publications are from this group.</p> <div class="feedflare"> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:yil auoc za"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=yil auoc za" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:qj idk rits"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=qj idk rits" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:dnmxmwofbr "><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=dnmxmwofbr " /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:ywkr-u nhcs"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=ywkr-u nhcs" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:f zbnmyn lo"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?i=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:f zbnmyn lo" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:acf-c_hutvc"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=acf-c_hutvc" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:gin vfwoqvq"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?i=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:gin vfwoqvq" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:-btjwof_dhi"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?i=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:-btjwof_dhi" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:v_sglipbpwu"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?i=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:v_sglipbpwu" /></a> <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?a=fydbjinnlts:pjgvlk yinw:h gk scs"><img border=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~ff/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester?d=h gk scs" /></a> </div><img alt="" height=" " src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/disruptivelibrarytechnologyjester/~ /fydbjinnlts" width=" " /> 	 - - t : : + : 	 peter murray (jester@dltj.org) 	 coral sheldon-hess: the online unconference of niche interests 	 http://www.sheldon-hess.org/coral/ / /the-online-unconference-of-niche-interests/ 	 <p>if you’re looking for a fun and educational thing to do this weekend, you might consider attending the second quarterly(??) <strong>online unconference of niche interests</strong> (“ouni” for short), scheduled to run <strong>from pm until a bit after pm eastern standard time, this sunday, november </strong>. we have a set of volunteer presenters who will each talk for up to minutes about a niche topic they’re into. <strong><a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/ faipqlsflq jmicz nbuxm wdwgiq xelumdyknzv e uxoajsimq/viewform">sign up here</a> if you’re interested in this or future ounis</strong>, and we’ll send you a link to the zoom session, the talk schedule, and the discord chat space.* you are welcome to drop in and out of the zoom, if there are only a few talks that interest you; of course, you’re also invited/encouraged to stay the whole time!</p> <p>our list of topics for this sunday:</p> <ul><li>knitting but scary</li><li>making herbal salves</li><li>fanfiction: the sometimes sensational world of transformative fiction</li><li>magnificent moose: animal, culture and representation</li><li>all the fair dice</li><li>glass sponges: delicate aliens</li><li>post office trivia you will enjoy, and a plug for writing letters and postcards</li></ul> <p>the schedule, with full session descriptions, is <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/ ztbntc rzdjq_ m un z puzslkvkk df tcrgborco/edit?usp=sharing">here</a>.</p> <p>i know, i didn’t ever actually blog about the first online unconference of niche interests, sorry. the recordings we have permission to share are on <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=plnomajt l dkyet ri cyshjxt w wn ">this playlist</a>, though. (yes, the one about owls was me. :)) topics not in the playlist included adaptive clothing, birdwatching, capture the flag (security games), octagon houses, and approval voting.</p> <p>i mention the previous list of topics in the hopes that they give you ideas. :) we do already have - talks pre-proposed for the next ouni, which is very exciting! <a href="https://forms.gle/erfcue gncwecjld ">the form for talk submissions</a> is open now, and we’ll schedule the third ouni around the availability of presenters. if we get more talks than will fit in a nice - hour block (with breaks!), we’ll do community voting to decide which ones run. or we’ll schedule multiple weekends in a row? whatever, this whole thing is designed to be flexible and fun, and if we’re going to err, i’d really prefer to err on the side of including more people, not fewer.</p> <p>* we promise not to share your email address or to use it for anything except ouni announcements. (“we” is my spouse and me. i don’t foresee other volunteers needing email address access, but if this thing grows, i promise we’ll continue to be cautious and opt-in with everything.)</p> note: the featured image on this post appears to have made its first appearance online at dudecraft.com (which is currently throwing a security error, so i won’t link it); it appears unattributed in many other places, though. 	 - - t : : + : 	 coral sheldon-hess 	 mita williams: weeknote ( ) 	 https://librarian.aedileworks.com/ / / /weeknote- - / 	 <h class="has-text-align-left">§ </h > <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img alt="" class="wp-image- " src="https://i .wp.com/www.calnewport.com/wp-content/uploads/ / /gtd- - - px.png?w= &amp;ssl= " /></figure></div> <p>first off is this recommended read from the november th issue of <em>the new yorker</em>, <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/the-rise-and-fall-of-getting-things-done" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">the rise and fall of getting things done</a> by cal ‘deep work’ newport. as newport himself <a href="https://www.calnewport.com/blog/ / / /when-did-productivity-become-personal/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">describes his work</a>, </p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>it’s not, however, really about david allen’s productivity system, which longtime readers (and listeners) know i really admire. it’s instead about a deeper question that i hadn’t heard discussed much before: why do we leave office workers to figure out on their own how to get things done?<br /><br />with the notable exception of agile software development teams, companies in this sector largely leave decisions about how work is assigned, reviewed, and organized up to individuals. we promulgate clear objectives and construct motivating corporate cultures, but when it comes to actually executing these tasks, we just hook everyone up to an email address or slack channel and tell them to rock and roll. this has led to a culture of overload and fragmented attention that makes everyone involved miserable.</p></blockquote> <p>i don’t want to spoil the conclusions of this article, but i will tip you off that i’m filling this article away in my notebook about <em>visualizing workflow</em>. </p> <h class="has-text-align-left">§ </h > <p>i discovered this work from <a href="https://mailchi.mp/bf e f /pu izxys ?e= e " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">carl’s e-alert newsletter</a>,<a href="https://librarypublishing.org/fellows-journal-thinking-politically/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank"> thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure</a> (a.j. boston, lpc blog – fellows journal, november ). parts of it hit a little too close to home for my liking…</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>i’m sure i’m being unfair in my stance. to capture a diverse constituency, a big-tent approach can be effective. compromise can cause cynicism about our politics, but<em> sometimes a little progress can be better than a lot of regression</em>. that’s the story i’ve told myself, at least, while making my daily compromise as a scholcomm librarian who manages our elsevier-owned institutional repository service, digital commons. my school contracted with bepress (then an independent company) shortly before hiring me to manage it, and my values felt fully aligned as i made the pitch across campus to deposit green oa manuscripts there. but that feeling changed with the announcement of elsevier acquiring bepress in august (mackenzie, ).</p><p>since , the digital commons service hasn’t worsened, but the premise that many customers initially bought into, of supporting an independent platform in the scholarly communication ecosystem, has eroded. and what do people do when they face a deterioration of goods and services? for a.o. hirschman ( ), there are three choices (which later scholars have revised upon): exit, voice, and loyalty. in my case, exit seems out of the question: a diverse constituency of groups on my campus have now integrated the software, and a swap would be overly-costly and damage relationships in the process. i don’t know whether i’d categorize what i am doing now as voice or loyalty, but what i do know is that there is a strong glimmer of recognition when sen. harris walks her fracking-issue tightrope, or when grant-funding institutions rock the boat just lightly enough that it doesn’t risk a capsize.</p></blockquote> <h >§ </h > <p>also from aforementioned <a href="https://mailchi.mp/bf e f /pu izxys ?e= e " rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">e-alert</a>, </p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p><strong>aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation (p. anderson, <em>publishing perspectives</em>, november )</strong><br /><br />after a -year fight, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center have declined to pursue any further appeals in their lawsuit against georgia state university regarding their reliance on fair use in making materials available via e-reserves. <a href="https://publishingperspectives.com/ / /aap-and-copyright-clearance-center-end-georgia-state-e-reserves-litigation/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">read more</a> @pubperspectives </p></blockquote> <p>i used to refer to the georgia state e-reserves case as an example of <strong>selective enforcement</strong> of copyright by publishers in which educational use of works behind an authentication system was vigorously challenged in court, while rampant open distribution of works under copyright via <em>academia.edu</em> and <em>researchgate </em>was ignored for years. </p> <h >§ </h > <p>i only read the headline and the abstract of this article but i am sharing it anyway because i liked the conclusion that tyler cowan [<a href="https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/ / /monday-assorted-links- .html" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">ht</a>] drew from it: <a href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w #fromrss" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">open access improves the quality of citations</a>.</p> <h >§ </h > <p>earlier this week hugh rundle published a blog post called<em> <a href="https://www.hughrundle.net/empathy-daleks/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">empathy daleks</a></em> that gave me life:</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote"><p>her studies indicate that diversifying the authors, perspectives, representations and examples in standard textbooks is not simply “more inclusive” or “just” in an abstract way (though that would be good anyway). students who feel they belong — who feel <em>validated</em> as members or potential members of a profession or academic discipline — are more likely to succeed and complete their degrees. that is, lambert suggests that diversifying the authors and even the examples or hypothetical actors in university textbooks <em>by itself</em> has a positive effect on completion rates, engagement, and student satisfaction with courses. amy nusbaum <a href="https://jime.open.ac.uk/articles/ . /jime. /">shows in a recent article</a> that oer is an effective way to accelerate this, because with licenses allowing “remixing” of content the examples used within open textbooks can be updated to suit local needs without having to rewrite the entire text….<br /><br />but it was lambert uttering the magic words about diverse texts improving “student success” that suddenly felt quite subversive. to understand why, we need to interrogate what universities usually mean when they talk about “student success”, and particularly the infrastructures universities have been building around it.</p><cite><a href="https://www.hughrundle.net/empathy-daleks/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">hugh rundle, empathy daleks, november , </a></cite></blockquote> <p>and on that note… i liked this tweet about university rankings some days ago.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed-twitter wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p dir="ltr" lang="en">"none of these ‘flagship’ rankings considered <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/openaccess?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc% etfw">#openaccess</a>, equality, diversity, sustainability or other society-focused agendas." <a href="https://t.co/am ctepuom">https://t.co/am ctepuom</a></p>— peter suber (@petersuber) <a href="https://twitter.com/petersuber/status/ ?ref_src=twsrc% etfw">november , </a></blockquote> </div></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image is-resized"><img alt="" height=" " src="https://i .wp.com/voiced.ca/wp-content/uploads/gettin-air_newlogo.jpg?fit= % c &amp;ssl= " title="gettin air_newlogo" width=" " /></figure> <p> </p> <p>speaking of society-focused agendas, while i was doing some of the more rote collection development tasks this week (reviewing lists of duplicate titles, finding missing titles that were of need of replacing), i listened to a number of episodes of terry greene’s <a href="https://voiced.ca/project/gettin-air/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank">getting air: the open pedagogy</a> podcast and i enjoyed them very much. i’ve had the pleasure of knowing and spending time with some of the guests on his show and it is such a treat to hear them speak about the careful thought and thoughtful care they put into their work of teaching.</p> 	 - - t : : + : 	 mita williams 	 ed summers: kettle 	 https://inkdroid.org/ / / /kettle/ 	 <p> kettle boiling<br /> kitchen table<br /> two windows<br /> daylight<br /> reaching leaves<br /> kettle boiling<br />   again </p> <p> <br /> <audio controls="controls" src="/audio/ -kettle.mp "></audio> <br /> <br /> </p> <div style="display: flex;"> <p><img src="https://inkdroid.org/images/kettle.jpg" /><img src="https://inkdroid.org/images/window.jpg" /></p> </div> 	 - - t : : + : planet code lib planet code lib planet code lib - http://planet.code lib.org 	digital library federation: calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference the ndsa calls for volunteers to join our planning committee for the digital preservation conference. digital preservation (digipres) is the ndsa’s annual conference – open to members and non-members alike – focused on stewardship, curation, and preservation of digital information and cultural heritage. the meeting will take place on november - th in st. louis, missouri, just after the dlf forum.  ndsa is an affiliate of the council on library and information resources (clir) and the digital library federation (dlf), and the digipres conference is held in concert with the annual dlf forum. clir continues to monitor the ongoing covid- pandemic, and after successfully pivoting to a virtual format for , will be making a call on this for by early spring .  planning committee responsibilities include: defining a vision for the conference crafting and distributing a call for proposals reviewing and selecting proposals identifying a keynote speaker determining the conference schedule moderating sessions supporting membership through recruitment and mentorship efforts collaborating with the dlf forum planning committee on community events, equity and inclusion, and sponsorship opportunities we expect to have monthly group calls from january-november, and this year’s committee will have an exciting opportunity to creatively sustain some of the conveniences and benefits of our virtual platform as we negotiate meeting in person again.  join us by completing this form by friday, january th, and please share widely. we look forward to working with you! tricia patterson, chair jes neal, vice chair/ chair the post calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference appeared first on dlf. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon this post was written by betsy yoon (@betsyoon), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. betsy yoon (she/they) is an adjunct assistant professor and oer/reference librarian at the college of staten island, cuny and earned her mlis in . she also has a master of international affairs. she lives in occupied lenapehoking and is a longtime member of nodutdol, a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades working to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and turtle island (north america). interests include critical approaches to oer and openness, the free/libre software movement, understanding and addressing root causes over symptom management, and the role that libraries and archives can play in our collective liberation. one advantage of attending a virtual forum is the fact that you no longer have to decide between two interesting panels that are happening at the same time. before i realized that the sessions would be pre-recorded and available for viewing any time, i pored over the schedule trying to decide which of the two sessions to participate in per time block. what complicated my decision-making process was the fact that i was attending with two different angles. as a librarian, i do reference and work related to open educational resources on my campus. but i am also part of nodutdol( ), a community organization with a -year history in need of archiving and preservation. while not totally distinct (outreach is relevant for both roles, for instance), my two roles occasionally had divergent needs. for example, the monday : pm session had both “where it’s at: using gis tools for engagement and outreach at an hbcu library,” which seemed a good fit for my position in the academic library, and “linked while apart: overcoming division with linked data,” which seemed more applicable to my work with nodutdol. so you can imagine my delight when i learned that not only would the sessions be available for asynchronous viewing, but that it would also be possible to engage in discussions about the panel on slack. the panel that ended up being the most informative for my specific needs was “finding a good fit: scaling best practices for born-digital material to fit the needs of diverse communities.” the presenters walked us through the process of setting up a small-scale digitization project and emphasized the iterative nature of the process. as a grassroots organization, we do not have the luxury of hiring digitization experts to guide us through the process, and it has been difficult to know how and where to get started. margo padilla’s saying that “good enough” digital preservation practices (as opposed to best practices) stood out to me as particularly relevant to my organization’s needs. the description of their organization’s custom modular setup and the numerous resources that the slides linked out to were also very helpful in offering some solid starting points to embark on a “good enough” digital preservation process. [image: cover of nodutdol’s october born-digital zine, 제국의 제재, or sanctions of empire]i also found the learn@dlf sessions to be valuable in their specificity–in particular, i found the tools introduced in “wax and jekyll to build minimal digital projects” and “oral history as data: lightweight, static tool for publishing and analyzing transcripts” to be accessible in that they did not necessarily require investing time in a comprehensive platform or software and instead had relatively low barriers to entry. wax, for example, describes itself as a “minimal computing project for producing digital exhibitions focused on longevity, low costs, and flexibility.” while not exactly the same, the spirit behind minimal computing reminded me of splots (what the acronym stands for is not yet fixed — one interpretation is smallest portable open learning technology), which are intended to have low barriers to entry and “support more accessible, sustainable, and user-friendly ways to get publicly-engaged learning happening on the open web.” the question of platforms and sustainability is a topic that is directly relevant to my work in open educational resources and with nodutdol, and i always love to learn about technologies that provide access to knowledge creation mechanisms without locking you in to a specific system. though the fact that this year’s dlf forum was digital was due to the constraints of the pandemic, the thoughtful way in which the experience was designed was due to the efforts of the organizers. the asynchronous viewing options, the slack interface, the provision of presentation slides and transcripts all made it possible for organizations such as mine to benefit from the expertise of the dlf community. while an in-person dlf forum will no doubt have different considerations, i hope that some of the innovations of this year will be retained for future forums to ensure wide accessibility and participation from a wide variety of organizations and individuals. as a first-time dlf forum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum and look forward to continuing to learn from the dlf community! ( ) nodutdol is a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades based in lenapehoking/new york city seeking to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and on turtle island/north america. we advance our mission through political education, collective action, and principled solidarity. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon appeared first on dlf. 	hugh rundle: for what we will a couple of months ago there was a ridiculous article on the abc ostensibly about a four-day working week. it turns out that by "four day week" they mean "four ten hour days a week as long as the boss gets to decide what you're allowed to do on the other day". i work a real four-day week and it's certainly not that. "the last time we actually made a serious change to the working week was done by henry ford" claims the boss. um no. he didn't even do that for americans. ford's offer in of an eight hour day only stood for "worthy" workers of the ford motor company. this was a full fifty eight years after melbourne's stonemasons had already successfully won an eight hour day for the same wages as the former ten hour working day. they did it by going on strike until their demands were met. in (eleven years before "henry ford gave us the eight hour day") socialist tom mann unveiled the eight hours monument near victoria's parliament house, celebrating the events of and the status quo fact of an eight hour working day for most workers in victoria. liam hogan has already succinctly noted the core problem of "romance day", but it bears repeating. bosses aren't doing you a favour when they "give" you some "time off". a job is labour time in exchange for money. never mistake it for something else. there are certainly ways of organising human societies where you do have obligations to others when you're not working for them. serfdom. feudalism. gift economies. communalism. mutual aid. but we live under capitalism. you don't owe your boss anything when you're not on the clock. essential work even with the "second wave" in melbourne, australia has been quite lucky with covid- and avoided the sort of overwhelming chaos we see in europe and the americas. we're able to talk about "covid recovery" already, and what it might look like. so far, it appears — perhaps unsurprisingly — our elites in politics and the media have learned nothing at all from the experience here or elsewhere. all talk is of "job creation" and that political staple, the "shovel ready project". even adam bandt has gotten into the action, parroting the latest trends from the united states left and calling for a "green new deal" and "green jobs". earlier this year there was some speculation about genetic factors being behind the much higher covid- death rate for black and south asian britons. but more recently it's become apparent that africa — which western health experts expected to be decimated by covid — has on the contrary largely contained the virus much more effectively than other continents. so clearly african genes are playing a marginal role here, if any. the more recent evidence from britain suggest that, unsurprisingly, the problem is simply that those from minority ethnicities are more likely to live in crappy houses with bad air quality, or work in the most dangerous, often low paid jobs. the uk government's own report notes: disparities in the risk and outcomes of covid- - released june, updated august people who live in deprived areas have higher diagnosis rates and death rates than those living in less deprived areas. the mortality rates from covid- in the most deprived areas were more than double the least deprived areas, for both males and females. ...high diagnosis rates may be due to geographic proximity to infections or a high proportion of workers in occupations that are more likely to be exposed. the pattern of second-wave infections in melbourne was likewise all too obvious: the suburbs with the most frequent and large case clusters were those housing the most tenuously employed in the lowest paid jobs. it's marginalisation, not genes, that makes people more likely to get covid. staying at home and avoiding contact with potential infections is much easier when everyone is guaranteed to have a home, and doesn't have to worry about paying rent or a mortgage. staying away from a crowded or dangerous workplace is easy for someone like me, in an office-based professional job. it's impossible for someone staring at eviction and hunger if they don't turn up, as is the case for abattoir and warehouse workers, or those without the right government paperwork. work sucks and that's a problem, according to martin betts. the fact that i have some kind of job security, i mean. he thinks it would be much more "exciting" for us if all university staff were uberised short-contract or sham contract workers, instead of the only % of us who already are. you will be shocked to learn martin describes himself as a "strategic consultant" and "thought leader". it's the reliance on cash income and a market economy for every facet of life that has caused so much trouble in this pandemic and of course well before it. what, exactly, is so great about a "job"? work sucks. capitalists only ever got people to work for wages by violently cutting off access to systems of community sustenance, whether in the british isles, north america, el salvador, australia or elsewhere. it's not "jobs" or "work" that people need. it's sustenance, meaning, and connection. or as authors in uneven earth noted: the coronavirus pandemic has clearly revealed the rather limited list of jobs and sectors that are essential for meeting society’s basic needs. a "sector" that has recently gained a lot of attention for all the wrong reasons is what is euphemistically called the "care industry". when "economic growth" is prized above all other things due to a fantasy that it "improves living standards", we should expect to see something exactly like this. socialised to follow individual lives in a system structured to make the alternative difficult, saddled with huge debts or outrageous rents in order to live in poorly constructed housing, and working unpredictable or inflexible schedules, we warehouse the old, the unwell, and disabled. in exchange for the work of providing for their needs on our behalf, other desperate workers are paid ever so slightly above minimum wage, with no prospect of promotion or progression. david speers recently proposed that the solution to this depressing state of affairs is to double down. steering unemployed young people into caring careers might just pay off he suggests. the only people who have "careers" that "pay off" in the "care sector" are the executives in head office and the corporate board members. everybody else just has a shit job — often literally. a truly civilised society would see that care is essential, and care is an abomination. that providing good housing for all is an obligation, and real estate is violence. that the health of the populace is largely determined by the health of the society they live in. it would work together rather than having jobs alone. it sure as hell wouldn't make you work ten hour days making shitty ads and call it romance. 	open library: importing your goodreads &amp; accessing them with open library’s apis by mek today joe alcorn, founder of readng, published an article (https://joealcorn.co.uk/blog/ /goodreads-retiring-api) sharing news with readers that amazon’s goodreads service is in the process of retiring their developer apis, with an effective start date of last tuesday, december th, . a screenshot taken from joe alcorn’s post the topic stirred discussion among developers and book lovers alike, making the front-page of the popular hacker news website. hacker news at - - : pm pacific. the importance of apis for those who are new to the term, an api is a method of accessing data in a way which is designed for computers to consume rather than people. apis often allow computers to subscribe to (i.e. listen for) events and then take actions. for example, let’s say you wanted to tweet every time your favorite author published a new book. one could sit on goodreads and refresh the website every fifteen minutes. or, one might write a twitter bot which automatically connects to goodreads and checks real-time data using its api. in fact, the reason why twitter bots work, is that they use twitter’s api, a mechanism which lets specially designed computer programs submit tweets to the platform.as one of the more popular book services online today, tens of thousands of readers and organizations rely on amazon’s goodreads apis to lookup information about books and to power their book-related applications across the web. some authors rely on the data to showcase their works on their personal homepages, online book stores to promote their inventory, innovative new services like thestorygraph are using this data to help readers discover new insights, and even librarians and scholastic websites rely on book data apis to make sure their catalog information is as up to date and accurate as possible for their patrons. for years, the open library team has been enthusiastic to share the book space with friends like goodreads who have historically shown great commitment by enabling patrons to control (download and export) their own data and enabling developers to create flourishing ecosystems which promote books and readership through their apis. when it comes to serving an audience of book lovers, there is no “one size fits all” and we’re glad so many different platforms and apis exist to provide experiences which meet the needs of different communities. and we’d like to do our part to keep the landscape flourishing. “the sad thing is it [retiring their apis] really only hurts the hobbyist projects and goodreads users themselves.” — joe alcorn picture of aaron swartz by noah berger/landov from thedailybeast at open library, our top priority is pursuing aaron swartz‘s original mission: to serve as an open book catalog for the public (one page for every book ever published) and ensure our community always has free, open data to unlock a world of possibilities. a world which believes in the power of reading to preserve our cultural heritage and empower education and understanding. we sincerely hope that amazon will decide it’s in goodreads’ best interests to re-instate their apis. but either way, open library is committed to helping readers, developers, and all book lovers have autonomy over their data and direct access to the data they rely on. one reason patrons appreciate open library is that it aligns with their values imports &amp; exports in august , one of our google summer of code contributors tabish shaikh helped us implement an export option for open library reading logs to help everyone retain full control of their book data. we also created a goodreads import feature to help patrons who may want an easy way to check which goodreads titles may be available to borrow from the internet archive’s controlled digital lending program via openlibrary.org and to help patrons organize all their books in one place. we didn’t make a fuss about this feature at the time, because we knew patrons have a lot of options. but things can change quickly and we want patrons to be able to make that decision for themselves. for those who may not have known, amazon’s goodreads website provides an option for downloading/exporting a list of books from one’s bookshelves. you may find instructions on this goodreads export process here. open library’s goodreads importer enables patrons to take this exported dump of their goodreads bookshelves and automatically add matching titles to their open library reading logs. the goodreads import feature from https://openlibrary.org/account/import known issues. currently, open library’s goodreads importer only works for (a) titles that are in the open library catalog and (b) which are new enough to have isbns. our staff and community are committed to continuing to improve our catalog to include more titles (we added more than m titles this year) and we plan to improve our importer to support other id types like oclc and loc. apis &amp; data developers and book overs who have been relying on amazon’s goodreads apis are not out of luck. there are several wonderful services, many of them open-source, including open library, which offer free apis: wikidata.org (by the same group who brought us wikipedia) is a treasure trove of metadata on authors and books. open library gratefully leverages this powerful resource to enrich our pages.inventaire.io is a wonderful service which uses wikidata and openlibrary data (api: api.inventaire.io)bookbrainz.org (by the group who runs musicbrainz) is a up-and-coming catalog of booksworldcat by oclc offers various metadata apis did we miss any? please let us know! we’d love to work together, build stronger integrations with, and support other book-loving services. open library’s apis. and of course, open library has a free, open, book api which spans nearly million books. bulk data. if you need access to all our data, open library releases a free monthly bulk data dump of authors, books, and more. spoiler: everything on open library is an api! one of my favorite parts of open library is that practically every page is an api. all that is required is adding “.json” to the end. here are some examples: searchhttps://openlibrary.org/search?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search page for humans…https://openlibrary.org/search.json?q=lord+of+the+rings is our search api!bookshttps://openlibrary.org/books/ol m/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_rationality is the human page for harry potter and the methods of rationality…https://openlibrary.org/books/ol m.json is its api!authorshttps://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a/rik_roots is a human readable author page…https://openlibrary.org/authors/ol a.json and here is the api! did we mention: full-text search over m books? major hat tip to the internet archive’s giovanni damiola for this one: folks may also appreciate the ability to full-text search across m of the internet archive’s books (https://blog.openlibrary.org/ / / /search-full-text-within- m-books) on open library: you can try it directly here:http://openlibrary.org/search/inside?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish as per usual, nearly all open library urls are themselves apis, e.g.:http://openlibrary.org/search/inside.json?q=thanks% for% all% the% fish get involved questions? open library is an free, open-source, nonprofit project run by the internet archive. we do our development transparently in public (here’s our code) and our community spanning more than volunteers meets every week, tuesday @ : am pacific. please contact us to join our call and participate in the process. bugs? if something isn’t working as expected, please let us know by opening an issue or joining our weekly community calls. want to share thanks? please follow up on twitter: https://twitter.com/openlibrary and let us know how you’re using our apis! thank you a special thank you to our lead developers drini cami, chris clauss, and one of our lead volunteer engineers, aaron, for spending their weekend helping fix a python bug which was temporarily preventing goodreads imports from succeeding. a decentralized future the internet archive has a history cultivating and supporting the decentralized web. we operate a decentralized version of archive.org and host regular meetups and summits to galvanize the distributed web community. in the future, we can imagine a world where no single website controls all of your data, but rather patrons can participate in a decentralized, distributed network. you may be interested to try bookwyrm, an open-source decentralized project by mouse, former engineer on the internet archive’s archive-it team. 	andromeda yelton: though these be matrices, yet there is method in them. when i first trained a neural net on , theses to make hamlet, one of the things i most wanted to do is be able to visualize them. if word vec places documents ‘near’ each other in some kind of inferred conceptual space, we should be able to see some kind of map of them, yes? even if i don’t actually know what i’m doing? turns out: yes. and it’s even better than i’d imagined. , graduate theses, arranged by their conceptual similarity. let me take you on a tour! region is biochemistry. the red dots are biology; the orange ones, chemistry. theses here include positional cloning and characterization of the mouse pudgy locus and biosynthetic engineering for the assembly of better drugs. if you look closely, you will see a handful of dots in different colors, like a buttery yellow. this color is electrical engineering &amp; computer science, and its dots in this region include computational regulatory genomics : motifs, networks, and dynamics — that is to say, a computational biology thesis that happens to have been housed in computation rather than biology. the green south of region is physics. but you will note a bit of orange here. yes, that’s chemistry again; for example, dynamic nuclear polarization of amorphous and crystalline small molecules. if (like me), you almost majored in chemistry and realized only your senior year that the only chemistry classes that interested you were the ones that were secretly physics…this is your happy place. in fact, most of the theses here concern nuclear magnetic resonance applications. region has a striking vertical green stripe which turns out to be the nuclear engineering department. but you’ll see some orange streaks curling around it like fingers, almost suggesting three-dimensional depth. i point this out as a reminder that the original neural net embeds these , documents in a -dimensional space; i have projected that down to dimensions because i don’t know about you but i find dimensions somewhat challenging to visualize. however — just as objects may overlap in a -dimensional photo even when they are quite distant in -dimensional space — dots that are close together in this projection may be quite far apart in reality. trust the overall structure more than each individual element. the map is not the territory. that little yellow thumb by region is mathematics, now a tiny appendage off of the giant discipline it spawned — our old friend buttery yellow, aka electrical engineering &amp; computer science. if you zoom in enough you find eecs absolutely everywhere, applied to all manner of disciplines (as above with biology), but the bulk of it — including the quintessential parts, like compilers — is right here. dramatically red region , clustered together tightly and at the far end, is architecture. this is a renowned department (it graduated i.m. pei!), but definitely a different sort of creature than most of mit, so it makes sense that it’s at one extreme of the map. that said, the other two programs in its school — urban studies &amp; planning and media arts &amp; sciences — are just to its north. region — tiny, yellow, and pale; you may have missed it at first glance — is linguistics island, housing theses such as topics in the stress and syntax of words. you see how there are also a handful of red dots on this island? they are brain &amp; cognitive science theses — and in particular, ones that are secretly linguistics, like intonational phrasing in language production and comprehension. similarly — although at mit it is not the department of linguistics, but the department of linguistics &amp; philosophy — the philosophy papers are elsewhere. (a few of the very most abstract ones are hanging out near math.) and what about region , the stingray swimming vigorously away from everything else? i spent a long time looking at this and not seeing a pattern. you can tell there’s a lot of colors (departments) there, randomly assorted; even looking at individual titles i couldn’t see anything. only when i looked at the original documents did i realize that this is the island of terrible ocr. almost everything here is an older thesis, with low-quality printing or even typewriting, often in a regrettable font, maybe with the reverse side of the page showing through. (a randomly chosen example; pdf download.) a good reminder of the importance of high-quality digitization labor. a heartbreaking example of the things we throw away when we make paper the archival format for born-digital items. and also a technical inspiration — look how much vector space we’ve had to carve out to make room for these! the poor neural net, trying desperately to find signal in the noise, needing all this space to do it. i’m tempted to throw out the entire leftmost quarter of this graph, rerun the d projection, and see what i get — would we be better able to see the structures in the high-quality data if they had room to breathe? and were i to rerun the entire neural net training process again, i’d want to include some sort of threshhold score for ocr quality. it would be a shame to throw things away — especially since they will be a nonrandom sample, mostly older theses — but i have already had to throw away things i could not ocr at all in an earlier pass, and, again, i suspect the neural net would do a better job organizing the high-quality documents if it could use the whole vector space to spread them out, rather than needing some of it to encode the information “this is terrible ocr and must be kept away from its fellows”. clearly i need to share the technical details of how i did this, but this post is already too long, so maybe next week. tl;dr i reached out to matt miller after reading his cool post on vectorizing the dpla and he tipped me off to umap and here we are — thanks, matt! and just as clearly you want to play with this too, right? well, it’s super not ready to be integrated into hamlet due to any number of usability issues but if you promise to forgive me those — have fun. you see how when you hover over a dot you get a label with the format . -x.txt? it corresponds to a url of the format https://hamlet.andromedayelton.com/similar_to/x. go play :). 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez this post was written by carolina hernandez (@carolina_hrndz), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy.  i have been interested in attending the dlf forum for a few years now, but the timing was never quite right until this year. with the conference being both online and free, it was a no brainer for me to finally attend. considering i am an instruction librarian, though, it may seem like an odd choice for me. however, in part because of my previous experience with curating the oregon digital newspaper project at the university of oregon, i’ve been interested in exploring the many ways digital library technologies and digital collections themselves can be incorporated into information literacy instruction. with covid- entirely moving our instruction to the online realm, this interest has become an imperative. this conference has confirmed for me that there are many ways these areas intersect and could inform my instructional approach. while many of the sessions i watched did not directly address pedagogy, there was still so much i was able to glean from the presentations that i could take back to my realm. the main thing that popped out at me was the way so many presenters addressed accessibility in one way or another. of course, this stood out the most with the “creating accessible and inclusive content” combo session, which began with rebecca bayeck’s clarification of the difference between accessibility and inclusivity, two terms that are often used interchangeably. while accessibility is more about making sure that the final product is “usable by people with all abilities,” bayeck made the important distinction that inclusivity goes a step beyond that to also make sure individuals “feel comfortable/safe when using [it].” this is something i try to keep in mind when lesson planning, how it’s important to not only make sure that students are able to access the learning materials in whatever way works best for them, but that they also find the relevance of information literacy to their own lives. in another presentation from this session, daniella levy-pinto and mark weiler noted some of these issues, such as “unlabeled buttons or links,” which can be hard to identify properly for those using screen readers. in fact, several presenters and attendees emphasized the importance of testing platforms and content with screen readers. carli spina also spoke about the importance of including audio descriptions and transcripts for audio-video content and also mentioned specific tools, such as cadet, that can help create these necessary points of access. cadet, or caption and description editing tool, is free and allows you to create captions and timed scripts, but it can also be used to more easily add audio descriptions.  screenshot of the cadet interface. image credit: carli spina it was helpful to see some of these accessibility best practices in action via the conference itself. because presentations were recorded in advance, they were able to include both closed captioning and transcripts for each one. conference coordinators encouraged attendees to make their postings in slack accessible as well by including image descriptions whenever a picture was included. this emphasized for me how it’s not only important to create accessible learning materials, but to foster a community that encourages others to follow suit. it is a helpful model for my instruction team as we move forward with helping our liaison colleagues with their own instruction. as i’ve been considering how to build lesson plans and activities around digital collections, the other session that stood out to me was the panel “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future.” the presenters gabriela baeza ventura, carolina villarroel, linda garcia merchant, and lorena gauthereau spoke about the us latino digital humanities program based at the university of houston, my current institution. this made their work immediately relevant to mine, as they are already working with part of the same community i teach. what stood out to me most, though, was their use of “omeka as pedagogy.” baeza ventura talked about her specific experience with teaching an undergraduate class wherein students used omeka to curate an exhibit, thus allowing them to “contribute to knowledge production.” this freirean approach to teaching is very much in line with our instruction team’s programmatic information literacy outcomes, which focus on encouraging students to see themselves as information creators. with a lot about the coming year still up in the air, my team and i plan to continue our efforts to strengthen both the synchronous and asynchronous online learning content we offer as it seems likely the demand for online teaching will certainly not go away. i am looking forward to bringing a lot of these ideas from the dlf community back to my department and finding ways to incorporate them into our pedagogy. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez appeared first on dlf. 	lucidworks: how iot &amp; industry . relate — and why manufacturers should care here’s the skinny on industry . and the internet of things and what smart manufacturers are doing to leverage the data they both produce. the post how iot &amp; industry . relate — and why manufacturers should care appeared first on lucidworks. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck this post was written by rebecca bayeck (@rybayeck), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design &amp; technology and comparative &amp; international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies.  the year is, without a doubt, complex, filled with multiple challenges as well as opportunities. from remote working/online learning environments to conferencing in a virtual space, everyone has tried and is still trying to adjust to the “new normal” or maybe “new abnormal”. among those adjusting to the world of social distancing is the digital library federation (dlf) forum. the dlf forum was my first introduction to and participation in the work completed by this community of librarians and library enthusiasts.   the dlf forum was in a virtual format. though i would have loved to visit baltimore, interact in-person with my clir cohort, and experience the food culture of baltimore restaurants, the virtual space still provided a space for encounters and meaningful interactions. the conference organizers used two platforms: aviary for pre-recorded presentation viewing and slack for questions and dialogue with attendees. both platforms created a unique and complimentary online experience. for instance, each video had captions and a downloadable transcript, making the content more accessible. slack discussions created a sense of community, and gave me a sense of belonging through the interaction among participants. it was a common practice for participants through emojis to like, applaud, or reply to a post/comment (figure ). figure . slack newcomers channel dlf forms of interaction slack’s direct message option further personalized my experience of the online conference. i directly exchanged with some attendees, and established personal rapport. however, my major takeaway from the dlf forum was inclusion, shown in the accessibility efforts deployed by the organizers, and in the diversity of topics covered by presenters. the conference brought to the forefront research/topics that have received less attention in the past, and should be discussed today across disciplines and fields.  stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley presentation on can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life was so inspiring. in my view, it captured the essence of digitization and how it should be done. it is important for individuals engaged in digitization efforts to always ask whether “the value to cultural communities, researchers, or the public outweighs the potential for harm or exploitation of the people, resources, or knowledge.”  it is about not harming or causing harm to the various stakeholders who will see or engage with our final product. this balancing principle can be applied to any research, design, development, or digitization endeavors. paraphrasing stacey patton, dlf forum plenary keynote speaker, “how the knowledge came about, [who it will harm, and who will claim ownership of it] is as important as the knowledge itself.” juliet hardesty from indiana university’s presentation on mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies gave a powerful insight into why it is important to incorporate community vocabulary to broaden access to knowledge/data, and fight biases.  being a panelist in the session creating accessible and inclusive content and presenting on addressing issues of accessibility: urgency in a world of social distancing, added to my experience. my interest in issues of accessibility for blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing individuals in this era of social distancing facilitated conversation with other session presenters on the accessibility of this conference for screen reader users. from our conversation, it became obvious that the organizers needed to be commended for providing scripts and captions for the recorded videos. dee, who is blind and uses a screen reader to access contents, and micky, who is sighted, but did use a screen reader said about their experiences:  dee: i do appreciate knowing that there is a caption and there is like, the scripts and everything. it does make you feel more welcome and it does make you realize yes, they’re making an effort. applause should be given for, you know, for the effort and definitely you know even the fact there is like, an accessibility session or stream, that’s important. micky: but if i could say one thing is, i think, i know people were making efforts into making it accessible. i think applause is very much deserved. and i think keep, we got to keep trying and we gotta keep finding innovative ways of working together and collaborating. so i would want people to feel encouraged that there’s more work to be done. but let’s pursue it as a team and then pursue it together because it’s worth it. nevertheless, dee and micky did have some suggestions for creating accessible conference experiences:  dee: the first thing i may say would be to include in the planning committee. kind of representation from all the groups that you would like to have at the conference, because they will help think about, in this case, about screen readers and which tool and will it be interactive and you know if we want to make it interactive, is there an option or how can we? you know, it’s necessary for someone to think about those things…ensure to have broad representation in the planning committee, or if not in the planning committee, make a point to reach out and consult. so, engage with people with lived experience of whatever the conference you know is trying to accomplish.  micky:  if i could make a suggestion that might just be to have a panel with like, just in this particular case, disabled leaders in the glam field. you know there’s, i’m sure, a ton out there that would love to have a platform to share from the perspectives of making libraries you know, gallery’s archives, museums, accessible. maybe, it’s inviting the leaders to come and present to the whole forum. these suggestions for future conferences are so important because dee and micky had difficulties using their screen readers with slack and aviary. for instance, dee, on the day of the panel, felt she cheated by relying on micky and “by accessing the videos directly from the google drive not in aviary because then i had to figure out where the play button was and like the website was a bit clunky with jaws”. having slack and aviary added: more things you need to interact with and like, i think we know that slack is accessible, like it works with screen readers, because we could make it work, but really the extra time that you need to put into learning how to use it and use it effectively (dee).  regarding slack, micky said:  practice beforehand, which i think is helpful. if it was simpler that you could reduce that amount of time it takes to, that’s required to familiarize oneself…and then when it’s active, there’s another layer of complexity of  information overload too. because of all that activity, i think it just took me a long time. i wonder how long it would take someone who didn’t have, you know, that was pursuing this independently. attending the dlf forum was inspiring not only in terms of the topics addressed, but also in the opportunity it created for me to gain insights into the conference experience of screen reader users. it is critical in the era of online conferences to take into consideration the experiences of these attendees in the choice of conference platforms. much more can be said, and i believe it is important to not only design/plan for, but also design/plan with individuals with lived experiences (e.g., screen reader users, blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing, or individuals with cognitive abilities). the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck appeared first on dlf. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús this post was written by ana hilda figueroa de jesús, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries. community, a repeated concept during the virtual dlf forum, transitioned from a word to a mantra. from my home in puerto rico, i listened and learned from peers who shared their professional and academic experiences. it was my first time attending this forum. lots of questions popped into my mind, particularly: why would staff insist on creating a virtual “community,” of four days duration, with an audience currently experiencing and being exposed to social injustice within their surroundings and media? what does “building a community” mean?  i would like to thank the dlf staff’s commitment. when i received notice that i was selected as a community journalist, my first observation was my last name. the correct spelling and grammar of my name are much more than my cover letter, it represents and brings value to where i come from and those who came before me. i noticed the correct inclusion of the accent mark on “de jesús.” in that moment i knew my voice would be respected in the discourse. the physical distance between attendees was no obstacle. the forum implemented digital platforms such as slack and aviary. presentations included transcripts and, since they were previously recorded, i could pause and rewind the video when a new term was introduced. if anyone had a tech problem or just wasn’t familiar with the apps, staff was available to help immediately. each speaker mentioned their preferred pronouns and acknowledged the indigenous homelands from where they spoke. being inclusive both in theory and practice was a priority. as a puerto rican woman of color with low resources, a first-generation college student and an undergraduate scholar, i saw benefit in this opportunity.   the forum sessions reminded me of particular aspects of archives as spaces of data justice, cultural and social responsibility, knowledge production, and alternate historical narratives. in mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies, juliet hardesty explained the importance of being conscious of racial categories, first nation groups, non-binary people, and others when including metadata such as subjects, genres, and languages. as an example, she discussed linked data across institutions and the distinction between “exactmatch” and “closematch.” through this conference, i sought to learn and carry out new interdisciplinary perspectives in my roles as a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian institution libraries and as an assistant to the curator and director at the history, anthropology and art museum of the university of puerto rico. one of the most relevant presentations for me was curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem by sharon mizota. she explained the anti-colonialist, anti-racist, feminist, queer, accessible, and multilingual lens of data. also, she examined taxonomy guidelines that included sensitive subject areas. to illustrate this, she reflected on adopting the terms “latinx” instead of “latino” or “hispanic,” and “homeless people” instead of “homelessness” or “tramp.”  i also attended discussions of human rights movements such as blm, community activism and digital archiving in the era of george floyd. other social matters were considered in the lightning talk titled pandemic pivot: how to take your event online, reach new audiences, and build even stronger communities, and the panel creating a virtual community for virtual reality: challenges and solutions for program building during a pandemic. another engaging talk was us latino digital humanities: recovering the past, creating the future. i would like to mention a crucial keynote by dr. linda garcia merchant when discussing chicana feminist scholar maria cotera, [the importance of understanding] “the archive as a living active experience of “encuentro” between the present and the past, with the potential to enact new strategies of allegiance and a new praxis”. i believe that this idea of encounter is linked with the dlf forum’s “building a community” proposal. we must review our reactions and interactions with each other, including those within academia. our involvement with the writing of histories makes us judges of how and what is told. something i learned from this experience is that beyond our professional responsibilities, we have a social contract and accountability. information must be accessible to traditionally marginalized public. stories, agents and terms that once were excluded from the official narrative must be taken into consideration. the virtual dlf forum included more than spaces for education. it was about feedback, mutual aid, being open to new perspectives, and building a community.     the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús appeared first on dlf. 	lucidworks: solr streaming expressions enables advanced search and filtering in fitch connect learn how fitch solutions used streaming expressions to search complex datasets. the post solr streaming expressions enables advanced search and filtering in fitch connect appeared first on lucidworks. 	david rosenthal: risc vs. cisc the architectural debate between complex instruction set computers (cisc) and reduced instruction set conputers (risc) really took off in the s:in particular, two projects at stanford university and the university of california, berkeley are most associated with the popularization of this concept. stanford's mips would go on to be commercialized as the successful mips architecture, while berkeley's risc gave its name to the entire concept and was commercialized as the sparc. for the last decade or more the debate has seemed frozen, with the cisc x architecture dominating the server and desktop markets, while the risc arm architecture dominated the mobile market. but two recent developments are shaking things up. below the fold, some discussion.sourcelast month, apple announced three products, mac mini, mac air, and " macbook pro based on their arm-based m chip to ecstatic reviews:the mac mini (and its new macbook air and -inch macbook pro siblings) has apple’s m system-on-a-chip, which includes an -core gpu, a cpu with four performance and four efficiency cores, a -core neural processing unit (npu) called the neural engine, and a whole bunch of other stuff.built on the arm instruction set architecture (arm isa), the m features billion transistors and was manufactured in a nm process. according to apple, each performance core in the m qualifies as the world’s fastest cpu core to date, while the efficiency cores match the performance of some recent intel macs. all three replace products using intel x chips, and the head-to-head comparisons showed the risc completely outclassing the cisc in a market segment it had dominated for decades. clearly this is a big deal.now, the are some obvious reasons why intel is at a disadvantage in these comparisons. apple's m is brand new, where the intel chips are a couple of years old. and the m uses a nm process, where intel has been struggling to upgrade its fabs:intel's press release also says that yields for its nm process are now twelve months behind the company's internal targets, meaning the company isn't currently on track to produce its nm process in an economically viable way. the company now says its nm cpus will not debut on the market until late or early . but the m also compares well to amd's nm x cpus so this isn't the whole explanation. erik engheim's why is apple’s m chip so fast? provides an excellent explanation for the lay audience. he starts from the basics (what is a microprocessor (cpu)?) and goes on to explain that whereas intel and amd make cpus that others build into systems such as pcs and servers, apple makes systems that are implemented as a single chip, a system-on-chip (soc). apple can do this where intel and amd can't because the soc isn't their product, their product is a mac that includes a soc as a component.one thing we understood when we started nvidia more than a quarter of a century ago was that custom silicon to perform critical functions, such as d graphics, was an essential component of a pc. but the custom silicon had to be a separate chip. we used a state-of-the-art nm process. at nm apple can put , times as many gates in the same chip area. so apple can include the precise set of additional custom processors that match the needs to the product. in this case, not just gpu cores, neural engine cores, but also two different implementations of the arm architecture, optimized for speed and optimized for efficiency to extend battery life.engheim explains the two main ways of making cpus faster using the same process and the same clock rate, multiple cores and out-of-order execution, and their limitations. in the server space, having lots of cores makes a lot of sense; the demand is for many simultaneous tasks from many simultaneous users, and the alternative to adding cores to a cpu is to add cpus to a server, which is more expensive.but in the pc space there is only one user, and although the demand will be for several simultaneous threads, once that demand is satisfied extra cores provide no benefit. the m 's cores are probably more than enough, which is indicated by apple envisaging that, most of the time, the low-power "efficiency" cores will do all the work. note that, in adding cores, the only advantage risc provides is that the simpler instruction set should make each core a bit smaller. not a big deal.but for compute-intensive tasks such as games, the other cores need to be fast. which is where out-of-order execution comes in, and risc turns out to have a big advantage. out-of-order execution means that instructions are fetched from memory, then decoded into "micro-operations", which can be thought of as instructions for the individual components of the core. the micro-operations are stored in a re-order buffer (rob), together with information about what data they need, and whether it is available. instead of executing the micro-operations for each instruction, then executing the micro-operations for the next instruction, the core looks through the rob finding micro-operations that have all the data they need and executing them. it does instructions as soon as it can, not waiting until the instruction before is complete.engheim explains the importance of the difference between the x rob and the m 's:it is because the ability to run fast depends on how quickly you can fill up the rob with micro-ops and with how many. the more quickly you fill it up and the larger it is the more opportunities you are given to pick instructions you can execute in parallel and thus improve performance.machine code instructions are chopped into micro-ops by what we call an instruction decoder. if we have more decoders we can chop up more instructions in parallel and thus fill up the rob faster.and this is where we see the huge differences. the biggest, baddest intel and amd microprocessor cores have four decoders, which means they can decode four instructions in parallel spitting out micro-ops.but apple has a crazy eight decoders. not only that but the rob is something like three times larger. you can basically hold three times as many instructions. no other mainstream chipmaker has that many decoders in their cpus. risc is the reason the m can have more decoders than x . engheim explains:you see, for x an instruction can be anywhere from – bytes long. on a risc chip instructions are fixed size. why is that relevant in this case?because splitting up a stream of bytes into instructions to feed into eight different decoders in parallel becomes trivial if every instruction has the same length.however, on an x cpu, the decoders have no clue where the next instruction starts. it has to actually analyze each instruction in order to see how long it is.the brute force way intel and amd deal with this is by simply attempting to decode instructions at every possible starting point. that means we have to deal with lots of wrong guesses and mistakes which has to be discarded. this creates such a convoluted and complicated decoder stage that it is really hard to add more decoders. but for apple, it is trivial in comparison to keep adding more.in fact, adding more causes so many other problems that four decoders according to amd itself is basically an upper limit for how far they can go. the result is that the m 's fast cores are effectively processing instructions twice as fast as intel's and amd's at the same clock frequency. and their efficiency cores are processing about as many using much less power.using much less power for the same workload is one of the main reasons arm dominates the mobile market, where battery life is crucial. that brings us to the second interesting recent risc development. arm isn't the only risc architecture, it is just by a long way the most successful. among the others with multiple practical implementations, risc-v is i believe unique; it is the only fully open-source risc architecture.sourcein new risc-v cpu claims recordbreaking performance per watt jim salter reports on a new implementation of risc-v that claims extraordinarily low power for quite respectable performance. micro magic's:new prototype cpu, which appears to be the fastest risc-v cpu in the world. micro magic adviser andy huang claimed the cpu could produce , coremarks (more on that later) at ghz and . v while also putting out , coremarks at . ghz—the latter all while consuming only mw. huang demonstrated the cpu—running on an odroid board—to ee times at . ghz/ . v and . ghz/ . v.later the same week, micro magic announced the same cpu could produce over , coremarks at ghz while consuming only mw of power. some caveats are necessary:the chip is a single-core prototype.the micro magic benchmarks are claimed, not independently verified.the coremark benchmark is an industry standard for embedded systems, it isn't an appropriate benchmark for pc-type systems such as use the cpus salter is comparing it to.the power efficiency is impressive, but the raw single-core performance is merely interesting. at ghz it is about / the performance of one of the m 's four fast cores.it is worth noting that the risc-v architecture has multiple instruction lengths, just much less baroque ones than x . so the rob advantage may be less. nevertheless, if micro magic's customers can deliver multi-core soc products they should provide much more compute for the same power as current embedded chips. salter is cautiously optimistic:all of this sounds very exciting—micro magic's new prototype is delivering solid smartphone-grade performance at a fraction of the power budget, using an instruction set that linux already runs natively on....micro magic intends to offer its new risc-v design to customers using an ip licensing model. the simplicity of the design—risc-v requires roughly one-tenth the opcodes that modern arm architecture does—further simplifies manufacturing concerns, since risc-v cpu designs can be built in shuttle runs, sharing space on a wafer with other designs....still, this is an exciting development. not only does the new design appear to perform well while massively breaking efficiency records, it's doing so with a far more ideologically open design than its competitors. the risc-v isa—unlike x , arm, and even mips—is open and provided under royalty-free licenses. p.s: more evidence of m 's impressive performance in liam tung's aws engineer puts windows on arm on apple mac m – and it thrashes surface pro x. the surface pro x uses an arm chip co-developed by qualcomm and microsoft. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko this post was written by arabeth balasko, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms. she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win! the dawn of the great archival shift over centuries, archives and archivists have been heralded as the keepers, the stewards of records, stories, and collective memory. however, at times this stewardship has come from a place of exclusion, centered heavily around white, english-speaking experiences. countless stories, memories, and events have been omitted from the larger historical narrative or have been rewritten from a skewed perspective. now (and unfortunately for centuries) racism and police brutality has permeated our country’s history. lack of racial equity has led to whitewashed and white supremacy-based collection policies that are geared towards uplifting and showcasing one-sided narratives, while often overlooking, overwriting, and suppressing contributions and accolades of black, indigenous, and people of color. so many times, it is easier for folks in the glam sectors to claim neutrality, to leave it to the next generation, to look the other way, and focus only on the past and occasionally, the present. from being overworked, under-supported, and oftentimes misunderstood, archivists have grown tired, and with tiredness comes apathy. other times it is simply not knowing what to do and/or not having the “authority” to make actual changes in an organization. this too leads to burnout, turnover, and once again, apathy. the humanities profession’s lack of diversity and equity has engrained a culture of dysfunction in several of the glam organizations across the country. during the dlf forum, it was apparent that i was not the only person who felt this way. several of the sessions focused on how to become a more proactive, mindful, and accountable steward, while also taking care of your own mental health and well-being. from practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques, to reflecting upon language choices in metadata and/or finding aids, to reviewing your institution’s digitally available content for equity and inclusiveness; this conference truly spoke to my soul in many different ways. however, during the conference, one overarching question that i continued asking myself was – “how can i, as an archivist, ensure that all folks feel represented in an archive? is this possible?” upon a week’s reflection and allowing myself some time to digest the rich information and ideas posed during these diverse sessions, i came to reframe my question as, “what can we as archivists do to support the fight for archival equity?” in my opinion, one big step archival repositories and the archivists in those repositories can take is to not promote the idea of neutrality. oftentimes, archives can shy away from hard histories, hard conversations – they can minimize hurts, and maximize virtues, but i feel that is a misstep. history is ugly, sad, beautiful, heartwarming, heartbreaking, and real. it happened. you cannot change that. but you can work to showcase how it happened, why it happened, and help reshape it for today’s generation through modernized lenses. by uplifting the stories and voices of bipoc folks, which have traditionally been omitted from the collected narrative for centuries, and reinterpreting and reclaiming the stories of those lost, overwritten, and marginalized throughout history, archival repositories can truly become beacons of change throughout the glam sectors. many folks, especially those who identify as bipoc, feel they are not represented in an archive – or if they are, their stories and experiences have been retold without their voice, their input, or their permission. as an archivist it is so important to work to build relationships and connections with communities and foster and tend to those relationships over the years. so many times, archival organizations take on collections, sign deeds of gift, and then the relationship ends. i think this is a huge misstep for any archival repository. by investing in communities – communities will invest in you. with each new generation comes new opportunities to promote equity and accountability throughout archival repositories. each generation of archivists should be reflecting and reevaluating how stories are (and traditionally have been) collected, maintained, presented, and made (or not made) accessible. i cannot tell you how many times i have worked with patrons, students, and volunteers, who have expressed to me that they feel that they are not represented, they are not “seen” amongst the archival collections they are exploring. it truly breaks my heart, and it means that we, as archival professionals are falling short, and we need to do better and be better for all users. i feel that inclusivity is key to create a well-rounded narrative, where users/patrons/researchers/etc. can “see themselves” reflected in the archives and collections. it has been my experience that when someone feels invested in and has input to how they are being represented, there is a higher propensity for folks to champion for the survival and continuation of an archive. by getting community members and groups invested in telling their story, identifying themselves in their own way and own language/words, and by not leaving it up to the archivist to make assumptions, collections that are taken in become more authentic and personal. during this conference, i also reflected a lot on the right to be remembered and the right to be forgotten. nobody owes anyone their story. it is so important for archivists (including myself) to remember that. some stories are too painful for folks to share, some are not ready (and may never be), and some are willing to share it all! no user/donor/patron is alike, and as an archivist, it is important that you do not assign a “predetermined scenario” to each interaction. by creating meaningful relationships, where you are invested in more than just acquiring the “stuff” from the donor, you really can create life-long partnerships, camaraderie, and friendships with users of your repository! archives are not neutral – and they never should be. there is a lot of repair work that needs to be done, and it can be done, it just takes folks who are dedicated to making fundamental changes. i was honestly inspired to find like-minded souls at this conference, and for that, i am hopeful that a great archival shift is on the horizon. it is truly great to see archivists and other humanities professionals in action advocating for change and demanding equity checks and re-evaluation of how things “have always been.” i reflected on the fact that there really are some great opportunities to make proactive changes and create an archive that is more equitable and accessible for all users – an archive of the future. for me, it is all connected – by investing in equity you invest in accessibility – when you invest in communities you have the chance to grow your repository’s stories and collection scope! the archives truly are for everyone! and, as the great tupac shakur says, “you see the old way wasn’t working, so it’s on us to do what we gotta do, to survive.” my hope is that archivists work to make any and all fundamental changes needed, to ensure that an equitable, inclusive, and diverse narrative survives for the future generations to come. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko appeared first on dlf. 	ed summers: for an obvious follow on from my last post is to see what my top albums of the year are. in the past i’ve tried to mentally travel over the releases of the past year to try to cook up a list. but this year i thought it would be fun to use the lastfm api to look at my music listening history for , and let the data do the talking as it were. the first problem that while lastfm is a good source of my listening history its metadata for albums seems quite sparse. the lastfm album.getinfo api call doesn’t seem to return the year the album was published. the lastfm docs indicate that a releasedate property is available, but i couldn’t seem to find it either in the xml or json responses. maybe it was there once and now is gone? maybe there’s some trick i was overlooking with the api? who knows. so to get around this i used lastfm to get my listening history, but then the discogs api to fetch metadata for a specific album using their search endpoint. lastfm includes musicbrainz identifiers for tracks and most artists and albums. so i could have used those to look up the album using the musicbrainz api. but i wasn’t sure if i would find good release dates there either as their focus seems to be on recognizing tracks, and linking them to albums and artists. discogs is a superb human curated database, like a wikipedia for music aficionados. their api returns a good amount of information for each album, for example: { "country": "us", "year": " ", "format": [ "vinyl", "lp", "album" ], "label": [ "i.r.s. records", "i.r.s. records", "i.r.s. records", "a&amp;m records, inc.", "a&amp;m records, inc.", "i.r.s., inc.", "i.r.s., inc.", "electrosound group midwest, inc.", "night garden music", "unichappell music, inc.", "reflection sound studios", "sterling sound" ], "type": "master", "genre": [ "rock" ], "style": [ "indie rock" ], "id": , "barcode": [ "sp- -a", "sp- -b", "sp a es emw", "sp -b-es emw", "sp -b-es emw", "sterling", "(b)", "bmi" ], "user_data": { "in_wantlist": false, "in_collection": false }, "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "uri": "/rem-murmur/master/ ", "catno": "sp ", "title": "r.e.m. - murmur", "thumb": "https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= b c b b c bcf accae e ", "cover_image": "https://discogs-images.imgix.net/r- - - .jpeg?auto=compress&amp;blur= &amp;fit=max&amp;fm=jpg&amp;h= &amp;q= &amp;w= &amp;s= e f b fd b fb fb df ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": } } so i created a small function that looks up an artist/album combination using the discogs search api. i applied the function to the pandas dataframe of my listening history, which was grouped by artist and album. when i ran this across the , distinct albums i listened to in i actually ran into a handful of albums ( ) that didn’t turn up at discogs. i had actually listened to some of these albums quite often, and wanted to see if they were from . i figured that these probably were obscure things i picked up on bandcamp. knowing the provenance of data is important. bandcamp is another wonderful site for music lovers. it has an api too, but you have to write to them to request a key because it’s mostly designed for publishers that need to integrate their music catalogs with bandcamp. i figured this little experiment wouldn’t qualify so i wrote a quick little scraping function that does a search, finds a match, and extracts the release date from the album’s page on the bandcamp website. this left just four things that i listened just a handful of times,which have since disappeared from bandcamp (i think). what i thought would be an easy little exercise with the lastfm api actually turned out to require me to talk to the discogs api, and then scraping the bandcamp website. so it goes with data analysis i suppose. if you want to see the details they are in this jupyter notebook. and so, without further ado, here are my to albums of . perfume genius / set my heart on fire immediately roger eno / mixing colours blochemy / nebe idra / lone voyagers, lovers and lands rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman / rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust purl / renovatio mute forest / riderstorm michael grigoni &amp; stephen vitiello / slow machines seabuckthorn / other other windy &amp; carl / unreleased home recordings - mathieu karsenti / bygones rafael anton irisarri / peripeteia mikael lind / give shape to space taylor swift / folklore (deluxe version) koji itoyama / i know andrew weathers / dreams and visions from the llano estacado jim guthrie / below ost - volume iii norken &amp; nyquist / synchronized minds jim guthrie / below ost - volume ii halftribe / archipelago hazel english / wake up! r beny / natural fiction warmth / life david newlyn / apparitions i and ii seabuckthorn / through a vulnerable occur 	samvera: save the date for samvera virtual connect mark your calendar for samvera virtual connect !tuesday, april – wednesday, april ,   : am – : pm edt / : am – : am pdt / : - : bst / : - : utc watch for more information coming in early including a call for program committee participation and a call for proposals. the post save the date for samvera virtual connect appeared first on samvera. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado this post was written by jocelyn hurtado, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations to come. ms. hurtado also has experience promoting collections through exhibits, presentations, instructional sessions, and other outreach activities which includes the development and execution of an informative historical web-series video podcast.  ms. hurtado earned her associate degree in anthropology from miami-dade college and a bachelor of arts in anthropology from the university of florida. she also completed the georgia archives institute program.  this year has been full of new experiences and we all have faced the challenges of adapting to the new professional realities of relying on technology to complete our work, promoting the goals of our organization all while staying connected with communities we serve virtually. our phones and laptops are now on the top of the list of tools we cannot function without and it’s arguably just as valuable as a pencil or finding aid to an archivist, at least from my own personal experience. as a first-time attendee and a community journalist, i was excited and unsure of how the dlf forum would operate on a virtual platform. like millions around the world i’ve been working remotely for months and learned to adapt but i was still hesitant on how attendees would be able to truly connect to the panelist, fellow attendees and with the subject of each talk remotely. it is no secret that librarians, archivists, historians or anyone in a related field have a tendency to be introverted and from my own personal experience starting a conversation, connecting with others and networking can be stressful. however, i was quickly positively surprised on how easy it was to start a conversation at the conference. i enjoyed the slack application in which attendees were able to share thoughts, ideas and pose questions about each session. i certainly viewed more opinions, concepts and panels virtually than i probably would have in person. i liked the fact that i could have access to the sessions anytime which is great for anyone who has a busy schedule as well as any problems accessing the videos due to the digital divide caused by finances or other factors such as remoteness or environmental factors such as hurricanes or storms. in the opening plenary i was delighted to hear the acknowledgement of the indigenous people and their lands in regards to the location of the original conference and area that was being discussed. the keynote speaker, dr. stacy patton, was simply incredible and asked us to grapple with a very important question: do black lives matter in galleries, libraries, archives and museums? i believe we all know and can say historically the answer is no, black lives have systematically been erased and unwelcome in these spaces. has become the year of reckoning for some institutions and for many in this field that have been part of this problem. thus, the question becomes what now? how can meaningful and genuine change come about? there is no one size fits all plan and up to in the field to do the work and realize there will never be a timeline or an exact moment where it will be marked as done. i had the opportunity to ask dr. patton a question and was also able to see other questions posed by fellow attendees. it created a hub for sharing experiences and problems encountered in our own institutions which was able to foster a connected moment and experience. dr. patton hit the nail on the head when reciting the claude mckay poem, “if we must die.” it was a couple of days before election day and oh how the words aptly describe the current era and the rawness of it all. during her speech i reflected on the work of schomberg and many other black intellectuals whose worked and made centers were black lives do matter and their stories were properly preserved. i also reflected on my experience working at a black community repository, in a space made for black lives to matter. i also recognize another important question: which black lives matter in these spaces? women, individuals overlooked due to their sexual orientation, and those from a lower socioeconomic status or position have had their stories overlooked. there is so much work to be done and this has encouraged and highlighted the importance of pushing the boundaries and the sharing of ideas. the recording restorative justice and accountability: the burnham-nobles digital archive presented by gina nortonsmith, raymond wilkes, amanda rust and drew facklam was inspiring. the work done by the team of telling the stories of victims and giving a voice is imperative. prior to this session i did not know of the civil rights and the restorative justice project and was glad to learn about the research being conducted along with support policy initiatives on racial hate crimes during the jim crow era and that justice is still being pursued for the victims and their families. the statement “i like to think of the investigator as the foundation for an archive, while the archivist is the architect and engineer, providing structure and organization in order to complete the building, i.e. the archive” by raymond wilkes beautifully explained the importance of the collaborative efforts and the relationship member of the team had to the task. i am looking forward to next year’s dlf forum and hope/expect it to continue the focus on the community. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado appeared first on dlf. 	zbw german national library of economics: building the swib participants map   here we describe the process of building the interactive swib participants map, created by a query to wikidata. the map was intended to support participants of swib to make contacts in the virtual conference space. however, in compliance with gdpr we want to avoid publishing personal details. so we choose to publish a map of institutions, to which the participants are affiliated. (obvious downside: the un-affiliated participants could not be represented on the map). we suppose that the method can be applied to other conferences and other use cases - e.g., the downloaders of scientific software or the institutions subscribed to an academic journal. therefore, we describe the process in some detail. we started with a list of institution names (with country code and city, but without person ids), extracted and transformed from our conftool registration system, saved it in csv format. country names were normalized, cities were not (and only used for context information). we created an openrefine project, and reconciled the institution name column with wikidata items of type q (organization, and all its subtypes). we included the country column (-&gt; p , country) as relevant other detail, and let openrefine “auto-match candidates with high confidence”. of our original set of country/institution entries, were automaticaly matched via the wikidata reconciliation service. at the end of the conference, institutions were identified and put on the map (data set). we went through all un-matched entries and either a) selected one of the suggested items, or b) looked up and tweaked the name string in wikidata, or in google, until we found an according wikipedia page, openend the linked wikidata object from there, and inserted the qid in openrefine, or c) created a new wikidata item (if the institution seemed notable), or d) attached “not yet determined” (q ) where no wikidata item (yet) exists, or e) attached “undefined value” (q ) where no institution had been given the results were exported from openrefine into a .tsv file (settings) again via a script, we loaded conftool participants data, built a lookup table from all available openrefine results (country/name string -&gt; wd item qid), aggregated participant counts per qid, and loaded that data into a custom sparql endpoint, which is accessible from the wikidata query service. as in step , for all (new) institution name strings, which were not yet mapped to wikidata, a .csv file was produced. (an additional remark: if no approved custom sparql endpoint is available, it is feasible to generate a static query with all data in it’s “values” clause.) during the preparation of the conference, more and more participants registered, which required multiple loops: use the csv file of step and re-iterate, starting at step . (since i found no straightforward way to update an existing openrefine project with extended data, i created a new project with new input and output files for every iteration.) finally, to display the map we could run a federated query on wdqs. it fetches the institution items from the custom endpoint and enriches them from wikidata with name, logo and image of the institution (if present), as well as with geographic coordinates, obtained directly or indirectly as follows: a) item has “coodinate location” (p ) itself, or b) item has “headquarters location” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “located in administrative entity” item with coordinates (p /p ), or c) item has “country” item (p /p ) applying this method, only one institution item could not be located on the map. data improvements the way to improve the map was to improve the data about the items in wikidata - which also helps all future wikidata users. new items for a few institutions, new items were created: burundi association of librarians, archivists and documentalists fao representation in kenya aurora information technology istituto di informatica giuridica e sistemi giudiziari for another institutions, mostly private companies, no items were created due to notability concerns. everything else already had an item in wikidata! improvement of existing items in order to improve the display on the map, we enhanced selected items in wikidata in various ways: add english label add type (instance of) add headquarter location add image and/or logo and we hope, that participants of the conference also took the opportunity to make their institution “look better”, by adding for example an image of it to the wikidata knowledge base. putting wikidata into use for a completely custom purpose thus created incentives for improving “the sum of all human knowledge” step by tiny step.       wikidata for authorities linked data   deutsch 	ed summers: diss music i recently defended my dissertation, and am planning to write a short post here with a synopsis of what i studied. but before that i wanted to do a bit of navel gazing and examine the music of my dissertation. to be clear, my dissertation has no music. it’s one part discourse analysis, two parts ethnographic field study, and is comprised entirely of text and images bundled into a pdf. but over the last years as i took classes, wrote papers, conducted research and did the final write up my research results i was almost always listening to music. i spent a lot of time on weekends in the tranquil workspaces of the silver spring public library. after the coronavirus hit earlier this year i spent more time surrounded by piles of books in my impromptu office in the basement of my house. but wherever i found myself working music was almost always on. i leaned heavily on bandcamp over this time period, listening and then purchasing music i enjoyed. bandcamp is a truly remarkable platform for learning about new music from people whose tastes align with yours. my listening habits definitely trended over this time towards instrumental, experimental, found sound and ambient, partly because lyrics can distract me if i’m writing or reading. i’m also a long time lastfm user. so all the music i listened to over this period was logged (or “scrobbled”). lastfm have an api so i thought it would be fun to create a little report of the top albums i listened to each month of my dissertation. so this is the music of my dissertation–or the hidden soundtrack of my research, between august and november . you can see how i obtained the information from the api in this jupyter notebook. but the results are here below. - white rainbow / thru.u - deradoorian / the expanding flower planet - james elkington and nathan salsburg / ambsace - moderat / ii - deerhunter / fading frontier - david bowie / blackstar - library tapes / escapism - twincities / …plays the brown mountain lights - moderat / iii - radiohead / a moon shaped pool - tigue / peaks - a winged victory for the sullen / a winged victory for the sullen - oneohtrix point never / garden of delete - oneohtrix point never / drawn and quartered - chihei hatakeyama / saunter - biosphere / departed glories - sarah davachi / the untuning of the sky - offthesky / the beautiful nowhere - clark / the last panthers - tim hecker / harmony in ultraviolet - goldmund / sometimes - deerhunter / halcyon digest - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - arcade fire / everything now - oh sees / orc - lusine / sensorimotor - four tet / new energy - james murray / eyes to the height - jlin / black origami - colleen / captain of none (bonus track version) - gersey / what you kill - rhucle / yellow beach - christina vantzou / no.  - hotel neon / context - brendon anderegg / june - a winged victory for the sullen / atomos - ezekiel honig / a passage of concrete - paperbark / last night - flying lotus / you’re dead! (deluxe edition) - porya hatami / kaziwa - sven laux / you’ll be fine. - max richter / mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) - ian nyquist / cuan - jens pauly / vihne - ciro berenguer / el mar de junio - rival consoles / persona - caught in the wake forever / waypoints - spheruleus / light through open blinds - valotihkuu / by the river - moss covered technology / slow walking - tsone / pagan oceans i, ii, iii - big thief / two hands - a winged victory for the sullen / the undivided five - hirotaka shirotsubaki / fragment - - luis miehlich / timecuts - federico durand / jardín de invierno - r.e.m. / document - th anniversary edition - chicano batman / invisible people - hazel english / wake up! - josh alexander / hiraeth - the beatles / the beatles (remastered) - radiohead / ok computer oknotok - mathieu karsenti / bygones - r.e.m. / murmur - deluxe edition 	andromeda yelton: of such stuff are (deep)dreams made: convolutional networks and neural style transfer skipped fridai blogging last week because of thanksgiving, but let’s get back on it! top-of-mind today are the firing of ai queen timnit gebru (letter of support here) and a couple of grant applications that i’m actually eligible for (this is rare for me! i typically need things for which i can apply in my individual capacity, so it’s always heartening when they exist — wish me luck). but for blogging today, i’m gonna talk about neural style transfer, because it’s cool as hell. i started my ml-learning journey on coursera’s intro ml class and have been continuing with their deeplearning.ai sequence; i’m on course of there, so i’ve just gotten to neural style transfer. this is the thing where a neural net outputs the content of one picture in the style of another: via https://medium.com/@build_it_for_fun/neural-style-transfer-with-swift-for-tensorflow-b b . ok, so! let me explain while it’s still fresh. if you have a neural net trained on images, it turns out that each layer is responsible for recognizing different, and progressively more complicated, things. the specifics vary by neural net and data set, but you might find that the first layer gets excited about straight lines and colors; the second about curves and simple textures (like stripes) that can be readily composed from straight lines; the third about complex textures and simple objects (e.g. wheels, which are honestly just fancy circles); and so on, until the final layers recognize complex whole objects. you can interrogate this by feeding different images into the neural net and seeing which ones trigger the highest activation in different neurons. below, each × grid represents the most exciting images for a particular neuron. you can see that in this network, there are layer neurons excited about colors (green, orange), and about lines of particular angles that form boundaries between dark and colored space. in layer , these get built together like tiny image legos; now we have neurons excited about simple textures such as vertical stripes, concentric circles, and right angles. via https://adeshpande .github.io/the- -deep-learning-papers-you-need-to-know-about.html, originally from zeller &amp; fergus, visualizing and understanding convolutional networks so how do we get from here to neural style transfer? we need to extract information about the content of one image, and the style of another, in order to make a third image that approximates both of them. as you already expect if you have done a little machine learning, that means that we need to write cost functions that mean “how close is this image to the desired content?” and “how close is this image to the desired style?” and then there’s a wrinkle that i haven’t fully understood, which is that we don’t actually evaluate these cost functions (necessarily) against the outputs of the neural net; we actually compare the activations of the neurons, as they react to different images — and not necessarily from the final layer! in fact, choice of layer is a hyperparameter we can vary (i super look forward to playing with this on the coursera assignment and thereby getting some intuition). so how do we write those cost functions? the content one is straightforward: if two images have the same content, they should yield the same activations. the greater the differences, the greater the cost (specifically via a squared error function that, again, you may have guessed if you’ve done some machine learning). the style one is beautifully sneaky; it’s a measure of the difference in correlation between activations across channels. what does that mean in english? well, let’s look at the van gogh painting, above. if an edge detector is firing (a boundary between colors), then a swirliness detector is probably also firing, because all the lines are curves — that’s characteristic of van gogh’s style in this painting. on the other hand, if a yellowness detector is firing, a blueness detector may or may not be (sometimes we have tight parallel yellow and blue lines, but sometimes yellow is in the middle of a large yellow region). style transfer posits that artistic style lies in the correlations between different features. see? sneaky. and elegant. finally, for the style-transferred output, you need to generate an image that does as well as possible on both cost functions simultaneously — getting as close to the content as it can without unduly sacrificing the style, and vice versa. as a side note, i think i now understand why deepdream is fixated on a really rather alarming number of eyes. since the layer choice is a hyperparameter, i hypothesize that choosing too deep a layer — one that’s started to find complex features rather than mere textures and shapes — will communicate to the system, yes, what i truly want is for you to paint this image as if those complex features are matters of genuine stylistic significance. and, of course, eyes are simple enough shapes to be recognized relatively early (not very different from concentric circles), yet ubiquitous in image data sets. so…this is what you wanted, right? the eager robot helpfully offers. https://www.ucreative.com/inspiration/google-deep-dream-is-the-trippiest-thing-in-the-internet/ i’m going to have fun figuring out what the right layer hyperparameter is for the coursera assignment, but i’m going to have so much more fun figuring out the wrong ones. 	mita williams: weeknote ( ) § i don’t have much to report in regards to the work i’ve been doing this week. i tried to get our orcid-ojs plugin to work but there is some small strange bug that needs to be squished. luckily, next week i will have the benefit of assistance from the good people of crkn and orcid-ca. what else? i uploaded a bunch of files into our ir. i set up a site for an online-only conference being planned for next year. and i finally got around to trying to update a manuscript for potential publication. but this writing has been very difficult as my attention has been sent elsewhere many times this week. § unfortunately i wasn’t able to catch the live teach-in #againstsurveillance on tuesday but luckily the talks have been captured and made available at http://againstsurveillance.net/ so many of our platforms are designed to extract user data. but not all of them are. our institutions of higher education could choose to invest in free range ed-tech instead. § bonus links! making a hash out of knitting with datashannon_mattern’s library | zoteromystery file! 	lucidworks: enhance personalization efforts with new features in fusion latest fusion release enhances digital experiences with out-of-the-box merchandising templates and ai recommenders. the post enhance personalization efforts with new features in fusion appeared first on lucidworks. 	hangingtogether: the way forward to a more open future … together on november , astrid verheusen (executive director of liber), and oclc research program officers rebecca bryant and titia van der werf presented a webinar to summarize the oclc-liber open science discussion series. this multi-part discussion series, which took place through the month of october, was based upon the liber open science roadmap to guide participants in envisioning an ideal future for open science (os) and to discuss the roles of research libraries at local, national, and global levels in achieving a more open future. the whole is greater than the sum of its parts photo by ross sneddon on unsplash in total, participants from countries contributed to the seven-part series of small group discussions. sessions had no more than attendees – just the right number for conducting engaged and stimulating conversations. discussants liked the free format and the interactive, participatory, and supportive nature of the conversations. they also appreciated that groups had representation from different points of view from both europe and north america. a summary of each discussions has been shared via posts on hangingtogether.org (the blog of oclc research) and the liber website: scholarly publishingfair principlesresearch infrastructures and the european open science cloud (eosc)metrics and rewardsskillsresearch integritycitizen science on reflection, we realized that the discussions reinforced each other in many ways and taken together, they offered a unified conceptualization of an open science future and a shared idea of how to overcome the obstacles on the way to this more open future. conceptualization of an open science future the participants’ ideal future state closely matched liber’s vision for the research landscape in – as set out in its strategy - -, echoing its depiction of a future world where: open access is the predominant form of publishingresearch data is findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (fair)digital skills underpin a more open and transparent research life cycleresearch infrastructure is participatory, tailored and scaled to the needs of the diverse disciplines participants added tone, texture and shade to these four basic lines, mostly in terms of what open science wouldn’t be and by describing it as the opposite of what it is now. so, for example, they described the expectation that “. . . in the future, more staff [will] be involved in supporting open science and their time [will] be spent on assisting researchers with actual data management instead of having to defend it or justify it” or “collaboration will be the motor that drives open science, instead of competition”, or “in this new open science environment, the researcher is central, not the outputs”. the discussions also yielded a long list of requirements for open science to thrive: “we need to be empathetic”, “we need someone (a peer) to translate the open principles for each discipline”, “we need to measure the way open impacts society”. wikimedia commons if one would wave a magic wand to resolve the obstacles and satisfy the preconditions, the resulting vision would lead to a rosy picture: one where open is the default and access is frictionless; where collaboration cuts across institutional and disciplinary boundaries, organizational silos and policy areas; where citizens, governments, companies, researchers and students work hand in hand to make research and society better; where diversity and inclusion make open science a truly global endeavor and lead to greater understanding and learning. in this ideal state, librarians have all necessary skills – both soft and hard – and they cooperate with everyone in the research lifecycle. they walk in the shoes of researchers and in those of citizens, with empathy. with all these skills in place, the library is the best place to go to. the need for culture change the discussions yielded a long list of problems to a more open future. there was much overlap across the seven discussion sessions. the following five broad categories encompass the obstacles that received most votes during the polling exercise: culture change is necessary culture change is necessary because of ingrained attitudes that inhibit the adoption of open science, such as the tendency towards risk-avoidance by librarians and the lack of responsiveness by senior researchers and administrators on campus. culture change was most often mentioned in relation to the lack of collaboration, engagement, and common ground between librarians and researchers, the silos on campus and the different perspectives of different stakeholders on “open”. it was also seen as necessary for change in a larger sense: the need to internalize the principles of openness as second nature in life and society. although mentioned as an obstacle alongside the other categories, culture change really encompasses them all and is the precondition for the success of changes in the other categories. inadequate rewards and incentives recurring themes in this category were: the evaluation of researchers and institutions, the funding of research, the metrics and rewards system, the competitive nature of the rewards system (in which competition trumps ethics) and the lack of recognition, incentives or rewards for “doing open”. the latter was deplored in particular and listed as a problem in the session on metrics &amp; rewards: “many open science activities don’t directly result in articles (e.g., open methods, open infrastructure, open data) – other stuff also matters but is not measured/supported and based on unpaid and unrecognized”. lack of researcher awareness and involvement lack of researcher buy-in and ownership of open science principles is problematic. obstacles range from lack of awareness to lack of involvement, including lack of knowledge (mentioned in relation to research integrity and ethical issues). lack of involvement may be borne not just from reluctance, but may be due to exclusion in the design stage (this was mentioned specifically during the eosc session). finally, researchers perceive open science practices as a burden – ‘this is yet another thing we need to do’ – referring to the administrative overload of having to register their profiles, outputs and projects in multiple, non-interoperable systems. participants described the tension between ideals and practices as “the big divide between open science advocacy and the day-to-day research work”. lack of skills relating to open science the lack of skills was raised as a general problem, not only in librarianship but also in academia. while the need for specific technical skills was mentioned, the discussions primarily focused on the importance of soft skills in librarianship. librarians are currently not all equally skilled to connect to researchers or other stakeholders and this was felt as an important skills gap. in addition, the necessary skills are not integrated in academic curricula, let alone in those of library schools. no agreement on standards &amp; interoperability lack of interoperability across existing information systems and emerging os infrastructures is a significant pain point for all stakeholders. participants deplored the lack of agreed standards, the proliferation of fragmented, non-interoperable solutions, and the overdue implementation of basic standards, such as persistent identifiers (pids) for researchers and institutions, in existing systems. they also mentioned the need to unlock metadata, citations, and abstracts which are essential ingredients for the assessment and discoverability of open science. the library cannot do this alone hanabusa itchō, blind monks examining an elephant when we discussed how libraries can overcome these obstacles and make culture change happen, we heard repeatedly about the need to work outside the library: “the library cannot do this alone” and “open science must be a collective effort, not just libraries”. discussions revolved around the theme of collaboration, the need to work with others, including the multiple other open science stakeholders. it was much more difficult to strategize and ideate around collaboration than it had been to identify and analyze the obstacles. we heard anecdotal evidence of successful collaboration with units on campus (e.g., the research office), with open science communities (e.g. go-fair) and in the context of national policy initiatives (e.g., dutch program for digital competence centers). there is a multiplicity of stakeholders that libraries must effectively engage with in order to advance open science goals, and we believe it is helpful to categorize them in two groups operating at different levels: above the institution stakeholders operate at consortial, national, regional, and global levels. eu-policy initiatives and accompanying funding are strong incentives for collaborative action and for catalyzing structural change that can percolate down at the country level. research funding agencies are very influential stakeholders with the ability to enact policies and assessment activities that can accelerate change. open science and scholarly communication coalitions were also mentioned as networks for collaborating on innovation. other stakeholders were mentioned, such as publishers, pid providers, public libraries, and citizens.below the institution stakeholders operate at the institutional or campus level. all have a stake in supporting research, but not all are equally aware or supportive of open science. many different campus units were mentioned as relevant to work with, to influence culture change and develop local infrastructures to support open science. the examples given reinforced the findings from the oclc research report on social interoperability in research support: cross-campus partnerships and the university research enterprise. this report introduces the term “social interoperability” as a key concept to promote collaboration, communication, and mutual understanding. an important take-away from this report is that other stakeholders on campus see an important role for the library to play as a central campus unit with expertise in many relevant areas. the report discusses several strategies and tactics for successful intra-campus social interoperability, of which we heard echoes in our oclc-liber discussions – such as, for example: “speak their language”, “leverage shared staff”, “be confident in your value”. the discussions contributed strategies and tactics specific for each category of obstacles identified earlier, but ultimately there was a strong realization that collaboration with stakeholders needs to become more ingrained – as one discussant put it: “we need to be more deliberate about those conversations and [cross-campus] collaborations (…) have them be a little more organic to the organization”. we found the outcomes of the oclc-liber open science discussion series very inspiring, and it has been a fruitful collaboration between oclc and liber—so much so that we are discussing possible follow-up opportunities. thank you all for your contributions and stay tuned! the post the way forward to a more open future … together appeared first on hanging together. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge this post was written by melde rutledge (@melderutledge), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. melde rutledge is the digital collections librarian at wake forest university’s z. smith reynolds library. he is responsible for leading the library’s digitization services—primarily in support of zsr’s special collections and archives, as well as providing support for university departments.  he earned his mlis from the university of north carolina at greensboro, and has served in librarianship for approximately years. his background also includes years of newspaper journalism, where he wrote news, sports, and feature articles for several locally published newspapers in north carolina.  he currently lives in winston-salem, nc, with his wife and three sons. since , i’ve appreciated the opportunity to attend and participate in the annual dlf forum. i look forward to the great takeaways to share with my colleagues back home. let’s also not forget the wonderful venues where the forum takes place (las vegas, tampa, etc.). needless to say, a global pandemic emerged this year, resulting in the dlf forum to occur virtually.  as i reflect on this year’s installment of the dlf forum, it’s difficult not to compare the forum’s first virtual event with the previous in-person gatherings—particularly in regards to size. the fact that the event had more than , registered participants is a testament to the popularity and value of dlf. being that it also surpassed the overall in-person attendance record (just over people) of the dlf forum in pittsburgh is also noteworthy. the segment that i look forward to the most from the dlf forums are the opening plenaries, because of its great keynote speakers. stacey patton provided an excellent talk highlighting the significance of preserving the black experience in galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (glams)—covering several cohesive themes during her one-hour-plus speech—including the covid- pandemic, hiring diverse staff in glams, america’s ongoing issue with racism, and the social and racial parallels of then and now.  one of my key takeaways of her talk is spotlighting the need for institutions to be “ready and equipped” during the pandemic to educate students. this was suggested to be accomplished by providing research materials remotely, but also asking, “what difference does this make that we’re digitizing things? how is this power to be used to protect documents when we may not know their importance? what about the digital divide and access to these materials?” these indeed are very important thoughts to me, as a key role of my work is providing digital access to materials tucked away within our special collections and archives. and it was great that presenters addressed patton’s questions throughout the dlf sessions. “‘can we digitize this? should we?’” navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life” is a great example. this was presented by stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley library. i was impressed with their digital lifecycle program, and the ethical considerations embedded within their workflow. i have interest in seeing how institutions confront the issue regarding the digitization of materials of underprivileged groups, as well as how they approach the handling of culturally sensitive materials, accessibility, and appropriate metadata creation. as julie hardesty pointed out in her presentation entitled, “mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies,” when working with metadata, you can become familiar with several widely used controlled vocabularies. however, working with large common vocabularies can “paint broad strokes that cover up more than they should, that generalize or simplify too much, and show the biases of dominant groups such as the white male viewpoint. additionally, the process to change and update terms can be slow to keep up.” when i listen to presentations on this theme, speakers routinely note the value of incorporating community engagement. a nice example of this was shared during the presentation, “curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem.” curationist.org is a site that finds and collects important cultural and historical resources that are within the public domain. as explained by presenter sharon mizota, community users will be able to include their own metadata to records on this site.  overall, i salute all the organizers and presenters for producing an impressive dlf program. and kudos to the partnership between clir/dlf and the hbcu library alliance. as an hbcu graduate, i appreciate programming that covers how hbcus approach digitization, and the stories behind the unique materials that are digitally preserved, especially amid the covid- pandemic. covid- is indeed a big factor in how many of us in this profession are conducting decision making. the wealth of relevant content in this year’s dlf was very timely in this regard. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge appeared first on dlf. 	john mark ockerbloom: from our subjects to yours (and vice versa) (tl;dr: i’m starting to implement services and publish data to support searching across library collections that use customized subject headings, such as the increasingly-adopted substitutes for lcsh terms like “illegal aliens”. read on for what i’m doing, why, and where i would value advice and discussion on how to proceed.) i’ve run the forward to libraries service for a few years now. as i’ve noted in earlier posts here, it’s currently used on the online books page and in some wikipedia articles to search for resources in your local library (or any other library you’re interested in) on a subject you’re exploring. one of the key pieces of infrastructure that makes it work is the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) system, which many research libraries use to describe their holdings. using the headings in the system, along with mappings between it and other systems for describing subjects (such as the english wikipedia article titles that forward to libraries knows how to relate to lcsh) allows researchers to find materials on the same subjects across multiple collections, using common terminology. there are limitations to relying on lcsh for cross-collection subject searches, though. first of all, many libraries, particularly those outside the us, do not use lcsh. some use other subject vocabularies. if a mapping has been defined between lcsh and another subject vocabulary (as has been done, for example, with mesh) one can use that mapping to determine search terms to use in libraries that use that subject vocabulary. we don’t yet have that capability in forward to libraries, but i’m hoping to add it eventually. changing the subjects i’m now also seeing more libraries that use lcsh, but that also use different terms for certain subjects that they find more appropriate for their users. while there is a process for updating lcsh terms (and its terms get updated on a monthly basis) the process can be slow, hard for non-specialists to participate in, and contentious, particularly for larger-scale subject heading changes. it can also be subject to pressure by non-librarians. the library of congress ultimately answers to congress (as its name suggests), and members of congress have used funding bills to block changes in subject headings that the librarian-run process had approved. they did that in for the subject heading “illegal aliens”, where librarians had recommended using other terms to cover subjects related to unauthorized immigration. the documentary film “change the subject” (linked with context in this article) has a detailed report on this controversy. four years after the immigration subject changes were blocked, some libraries have decided not to wait for lcsh to change, and are introducing their own subject terms. the university of colorado boulder, for example, announced in that they would use the term “undocumented immigrants” where the library of congress had “illegal aliens”. other libraries have recently announced similar changes. some library consortia have organized systematic programs to supersede outdated and offensive terms in lcsh in their catalogs. some groups now maintain specialized subject vocabularies that can both supplement and supersede lcsh terms, such as homosaurus for lgbt+-related subjects. and there’s also been increasing interest in using subject terms and classifications adapted to local communities. for instance, the brian deer classification system is intended to be both used and shaped by local indigenous communities, and therefore libraries in different locations that use it may well use different terms for some subjects, depending on local usage and interests. supporting cross-collection search in a community of localized catalogs we can still search across collections that use local terms, as long as we know what those terms are and how to translate between them. forward to libraries already uses a data file indicating wikipedia article titles that correspond closely to lcsh subjects, and vice versa. by extension, we can also create a data file indicating terms to use at a given library that correspond to terms in lcsh and other vocabularies, so we can see what resources are available at different places on a given topics. you can see how that works in practice at the online books page. as i write this, we’re still using the unaltered lcsh subjects (updated to october ), so we have a subject page showing free online books on “illegal aliens”. you can follow links from there to see what other libraries have. if you select the “elsewhere” link in the upper left column and choose the library of congress as the library to search, you’ll see what they hold under that subject heading. but if you instead choose the university of colorado boulder, you’ll see what they have under “undocumented immigrants”, the subject term they’ve adopted there. similar routing happens from wikipedia. the closest related wikipedia article at present is “illegal immigration”, and if you go down to the further reading section and select links in the library resources box, selecting “online books” or most libraries will currently take you to their “illegal aliens” subject search. but selecting university of colorado boulder (from “resources in other libraries” if you don’t already have it specified as your preferred library in wikipedia) will take you to their “undocumented immigrants” search. this routing applies two mappings, one from wikipedia terms to lcsh terms, and another from lcsh terms to local library terms. a common data resource these sorts of transformations are fundamentally data-driven. my forward to libraries github repository now includes a data file listing local subject terms that different libraries use, and how they relate to lcsh subject terms. (the library codes used in the file are the same ones that are used in my libraries data file, and are based on oclc and/or isil identifiers.) the local subject terms file is very short for now– as i write this, it only has enough data for the examples i’ve described above, but i’ll be adding more data shortly for other libraries that have announced and implemented subject headings changes. (and i’ll be glad to hear about more so i can add them.) as with other data in this repository, the data in this file is cc , so it can be used by anyone for any purpose. in particular, it could be be used by services other than my forward to libraries tool, such as by aggregated catalogs that incorporate data from multiple libraries, some of which might use localized subject terms that have lcsh analogues. where to go next what i’ve shown so far is not far removed from a proof-of-concept demo, but i hope it suggests ways that services can be developed to support searches among and across library collections with diverse subject headings. as i mentioned, i’ll be adding more data on localized subject headings as i hear about it, as well as adding more functionality to the forward to libraries service (such as the ability to link from a collection with localized subject headings, so i can support them in the online books page, or in other libraries that have such headings and want to use to the service). there are some extensions that could be done to the basic data model to support scaling up these sorts of localizations, such as customizations used by all the libraries in a given consortium, or ones that adopt wholesale an alternative set of subjects, whether that be mesh, homosaurus, or the subject thesaurus of a national library outside the us. even with data declarations supporting those sorts of “bulk” subject mappings, a universal subject mapping knowledge base could get large over time. i’ve created my own mapping file for my services, and for now i’m happy to grow it as needed and share the data freely. but if there is another suitable mapping hub already available or in the works, i’m happy to consider using that instead. it’s important to support exploration across a community of diverse libraries with a diverse array of subject terms and descriptions. i hope the tools and data i’ve described here will help advance us towards that goal, and that i can help grow them from their current nascent state to make them more broadly useful. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman this post was written by amanda guzman, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct.  on belonging: there is that decisive moment for me at every academic conference that i’ve ever attended – whether it is one that i frequent regularly (even annually) or one that i’m trying out for the first time like the dlf forum this year – where i’m sketching out my trajectory of movement and negotiating what my belonging might look like in the space. this moment exists in the scanning of the conference program and translating of different panel abstracts. this moment exists in those standstill seconds in the threshold of a panel room as you decide whether to enter or not, perhaps as you notice a familiar or friendly face.  our current pandemic moment has transformed how we collectively gather in profound ways and brought into sharp relief the pre-existing structural social inequities of access. and yet, the decisive moment of my new belonging in the space of the dlf forum was from a distance, and yet was not solitary beginning with a wave of introductions among first-time attendees and offers by long-time forum-goers of support on slack and extending to the generosity of time, experience, and transparency offered to me by my dlf mentor, maggie mccready in our zoom conversations. the decisive moment ultimately resolved, as i left the metaphorical door threshold to take a seat, during dr. stacy patton’s keynote as she seamlessly moved between commentary on national news, archival text, pedagogical practice and her own powerful personal narrative of coming to belong in spaces not made for her experience and of coming to build new spaces of belonging.  activating the archive by reframing history as practice: one of the most compelling interventions that dr. patton articulated in her keynote speech was a call for the dlf community to reframe their implicit understanding of history not only as a physical archive of a material past but also as an active departure point for our contemporary reorientation and empowerment. interweaving meaning and purpose across institutional case-studies, she referred to the concept of “historical touchstones” that present us with “context, guidance, and perspective” that have the analytical potential to ground our experience in the positionalities as a “keeper of knowledge” with a “traditional role of being…guide” to students.     keepers of knowledge: this proposal of mobilizing history towards how we critically approach our present-day practice in the field echoed throughout the subsequent forum presentations and was especially materialized for me in the citational acts of emphasizing a theoretical focus on an ethics of care. in the “combo session: implementing responsible workflows and practices,” ethics of care was centered in an appreciation for “relationships with uneven power relations,” a methodological re-framing of both those actors who study and those communities who are studied as equal “independent rational subjects” and a researcher responsibility to identify the multi-faceted capacity of archival work to inflict harm. this work was discussed, for example, with the case-study of the archival process at the university of california, berkeley for selecting indigenous cultural material for digitization and if to be digitized, under what terms of public access. in other words, professional ways of working were recast beyond the technicalities of how archival material may be best processed and digitally preserved to include and more importantly, to privilege a recognition of academic histories of community extraction and an opportunity for academic futures of more collaborative, equitable workflows.   student guides: building on this important reflection on institutional practices, the us latino dh panel entitled, “recovering the past, creating the future” brought the historically based practice conversation into the context of the undergraduate classroom. during their presentation, i was reminded of dr. patton’s earlier caution that digital work could not be the “end all be all” (even among undergraduates who are often thought to be “digital natives”) given how it is “alien to flow of time…nuances” and “abbreviates how we understand things”.  presenters carolina villarroel, gabriela baeza ventura, lorena gauthereau and linda garcia merchant accepted the challenge and outlined a pedagogical design that built a student theoretical consciousness of the silences inherent in archival representations of the human experience and equipped students methodologically through programs like omeka to emerge as digital storytellers of new stories. moreover, the presenters destabilized the curatorial authority of collection-holding institutions by decolonizing where and how we locate archives with models such as post-custodial archives (describing archival management in which the community maintains physical custody of material records) and migrant archives. both panels therefore expanded the boundaries of what constitutes archival practice – in terms of how we keep existing knowledge and how we teach knowledge production – by expanding what we care for to who we care with. at the close:             aliya reich, program manager for conferences and events at the digital library federation, remarked at the start of the forum that the goal of our gathering was “building community while apart”.  joy banks, program officer at the council on library and information resources, responded on slack to a participant struggling with the digital conference platform that “there is no behind this year”.  together, their words bring me – in concert with dr. patton’s keynote assertion of our roles as “guardians of the past and present” and “architects of the future” – that we the practitioners – our bodies, communities, experiences, professional practices and all – are directly implicated in the work that we do every day to record and to preserve. that work does not and cannot exist in isolation from the privilege and marginalization of our lived realities whether in terms of arts funding austerity to ongoing national social justice movements. the archive is a product in large part of human decision-making. we as a community can be reflective in practice with data justice over data ethics models that recognize the source of power and aim to dismantle structural power differentials. we as a community can choose to accept complexity of human behavior and spectrum thinking over binary dichotomies. we as a community can participate in mission-driven archiving in the present that supports restorative justice of the past – by upholding archival protocols that prioritize dignity and respect towards underrepresented, vulnerable communities who have and continue to endure systematic trauma. in building a community while apart we can ask who is and where is the community; the answer is in but also and perhaps in some cases more importantly, beyond our conference panel rooms.  the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman appeared first on dlf. 	lucidworks: new study: why brands that connect experiences win a recent forrester study found that companies are struggling to implement omnichannel personalization. brands that are able to connect ex with cx report greater revenue, operational efficiency, and customer satisfaction. the post new study: why brands that connect experiences win appeared first on lucidworks. 	tara robertson: names: respect, inclusion and belonging diversity, equity and inclusion is not about just revising hr policies and processes to be more inclusive and equitable, it’s a lens that you need to view everything through. for product organizations it’s a key lens to look at the product and customer experience.  i’ve been thinking about personal names and how those are a point of inclusion and belonging, or not. names are personal, and for many of us, an important part of our identity. how do you say your name?  my name is tara. in north america people often mispronounce it, less so in other parts of the world. my name is pronounced tah-rah, not terra. for the first years of my life it was easier for me to not speak up when people mispronounced it. when i was in my early s i met a woman of colour at a conference who also had a name that was much less common than mine. she said that it was a basic sign of respect to say people’s names properly and that changed how i operate. these days i usually correct people, but i still do the mental arithmetic to calculate if the energy it takes to interject and then to manage people’s apologies is worth it. our names tell a story and for many of us they’re an important part of who we are.  the microaggressions i experience are tiny compared to bipoc people with non-english names. i love this story from actor uzo aduba when she told her mom that she wanted to be called zoe. her mother replied “if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka.” "if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, they can learn to say uzoamaka." – @uzoaduba take action for girls and women: https://t.co/ocqi uwgi pic.twitter.com/k yf qbtfs — global citizen (@glblctzn) february , i recently learned that from - s the canadian government “assigned inuit numbered identification tags that they had to wear around their necks, mainly because white administrators couldn’t pronounce their names.”  our names are important and saying them correctly is a basic level of respect.  joe biden’s name sign i’ve been following some of the conversations in black deaf communities about president elect joe biden’s name sign. in deaf culture people have name signs that represent them and people with close ties to the deaf community or well known figures also given name signs by the deaf individuals or community. here’s what nakia smith has to say: i signed what i signed pic.twitter.com/mbyr l u — it’s charmay to you (@realcaunsia) november , she’s quoted in this la times article saying that this name sign looks like “a “c” sign used by members of the crips gang in some american cities and could be dangerous for signers of color and embarrassing to the incoming administration.” names are important and have layers of meaning from our families, histories, cultures and communities.  names in databases when i worked at mozilla i documented the various places someone transitioning their gender at work would need to update their name and gender marker. there were so many systems: the hr information system, ldap logins, payroll system, benefits providers, the company we used to book travel’s system, bugzilla, github, and the internal staff directory and likely others that i’m forgetting.  doing this work i learned there were more than a few people who didn’t fit neatly in these systems, including:  people who only have a first name people with non-english characters in their names people with non-english names who also have english names people who get married and change their last name to their spouse’s last name people who get married and change their last name to a hyphenated name with their spouse’s last name people who get divorced and change their name back people who change their first name to something that fits them better people with very short names people with very long names patrick mckenzie’s falsehoods programmers believe about names is the most comprehensive list of assumptions about names that i’ve read. if you’re designing anything that will include people’s names, this is required reading. emma humphries’ adventures in renaming is also a useful resource. this study by r. ruiz-pérez, e. delgado lópez-cózar, e. jiménez-contreras in the journal of medical library association looked at how “spanish names are handled by national and international databases and to identify mistakes that can undermine the usefulness of these databases for locating and retrieving works by spanish authors”. this study listed name format variations with these two being the most common:  first name first surname second surname first name middle name first surname second surname i can imagine how this would impact search, retrieval and therefore how often the work is cited, which could in turn impact prestige through tenure, promotion and grants.  original article in business insider article in gale academic onefile in gale academic onefile, vernā myers, the vp of inclusion strategy at netflix, name is spelled incorrectly. i’m assuming that the data ingest from business insider choked on the macron over the “a” at the end of her first name. changing verna to vern makes it seem like the vp is male. also, if i was searching for articles that mention vernā myers, this one wouldn’t come up.  just like with in person interactions, how we design databases to include (or exclude) people’s names is about respect and impacts the feeling of belonging (or not) and who can be found (or not).  names in products the way names show up in products and services can be a point of inclusion and belonging. this summer mastercard launched true name: for many in the lgbtqia+ community, the name on their credit, debit or prepaid card does not reflect their true identity. that’s why we’re working with partners to bring products to market that will allow for chosen names to appear on the front of cards, helping ease a major pain point for the transgender and nonbinary communities. it’s a big deal having a credit card or debit card that matches your gender presentation and who you are. this video tells some of those stories: this goes beyond corporate platitudes during pride month. this is something concrete that mastercard did to make their products more inclusive of trans and non-binary people and make it a little easier for trans and non-binary people to buy things.  this summer linkedin added a feature that allows you to record your name. in october greenhouse added the say my name feature, where candidates can “pre-record the correct pronunciation of their names when recruiters request their interview schedule availability through greenhouse”. i’d love to learn about other product examples where the people building the product put specific care and attention on getting people’s names right.  thank you thank you to cara hall and carolyn arthur for feedback and editing help. 	jodi schneider: paid graduate hourly research position at uiuc for spring jodi schneider’s information quality lab (http://infoqualitylab.org) seeks a graduate hourly student for a research project on bias in citation networks. biased citation benefits authors in the short-term by bolstering grants and papers, making them more easily accepted. however, it can have severe negative consequences for scientific inquiry. our goal is to find quantitative measures of network structure that can indicate the existence of citation bias. this job starts january , . pay depending on experience (master’s students start at $ /hour). optionally, the student can also take a graduate independent study course (generally - credits is or info ). apply on handshake responsibilities will include: assist in the development of algorithms to simulate an unbiased networkcarry out statistical significance tests for candidate network structure measuresattend weekly meetingsassist with manuscript and grant preparation required skills proficiency in python or rdemonstrated ability to systematically approach a simulation or modeling problemstatistical knowledge, such as developed in a course on mathematical statistics and probability (e.g. stat statistics and probability i https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) preferred skills knowledge of stochastic processesexperience with simulationknowledge of random variate generation and selection of input probability distributionknowledge of network analysismay have taken classes such as stat stochastic processes (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /spring/stat/ ) or ie advanced topics in stochastic processes &amp; applications (https://courses.illinois.edu/schedule/ /fall/ie/ ) more information:https://ischool.illinois.edu/people/jodi-schneiderhttp://infoqualitylab.org application deadline: monday december th. apply on handshake with the following application materials: resumetranscript – such as free university of illinois academic history from banner self-service (https://apps.uillinois.edu, click “registration &amp; records”, “student records and transcripts”, “view academic history”, choose “web academic history”)cover letter: just provide short answers to the following two questions: ) why are you interested in this particular project? ) what past experience do you have that is related to this project?  	lucidworks: don’t fear the cloud (or kubernetes): your google security questions answered mike chesnut from lucidworks and tiffany lewis from google talk us through why data encryption in this new cloud-native world is more secure than ever. the post don’t fear the cloud (or kubernetes): your google security questions answered appeared first on lucidworks. 	ed summers: years of robots.txt after just over years of use the robots exclusion standard, otherwise known as robots.txt is being standardized at the ietf. this isn’t really news, as the group at google that is working on it announced the work over a year ago. the effort continues apace, with the latest draft having been submitted back in the middle of pandemic summer. but it is notable i think because of the length of gestation time this particular standard took. it made me briefly think about what it would be like if standards always worked this way–by documenting established practices, desire lines if you will, rather than being quiet ways to shape markets (russell, ). but then again maybe that hands off approach is fraught in other ways. standardization processes offer the opportunity for consensus, and a framework for gathering input from multiple parties. it seems like a good time to write down some tricks of the robots.txt trade (e.g the stop reading after kb rule, which i didn’t know about). what would google look like today if it wasn’t for some of the early conventions that developed around web crawling? would early search engines have existed at all if a convention for telling them what to crawl and what not to crawl didn’t come into existence? even though it has been in use for years it will be important to watch the diffs with the existing de-facto standard, to see what new functionality gets added and what (if anything) is removed. i also wonder if this might be an opportunity for the digital preservation community to grapple with documenting some of its own practices around robots.txt. much web archiving crawling software has options for observing robots.txt, or explicitly ignoring it. there are clearly legitimate reasons for a crawler to ignore robots.txt, as in cases where css files or images are accidentally blocked by a robots.txt and which prevent the rendering of an otherwise unblocked page. i think ethical arguments can also be made for ignoring an exclusion. but ethics are best decided by people not machines– even though some think the behavior of crawling bots can be measured and evaluated (giles, sun, &amp; councill, ; thelwall &amp; stuart, ). web archives use robots.txt in another significant way too. ever since the oakland archive policy the web archiving community has used the robots.txt in playback of archived data. software like the wayback machine has basicaly become the reading room of the archived web. the oakland archive policy made it possible for website owners to tell web archives about content on their site that they would like the web archive not to “play back”, even if they had the content. here is what they said back then: archivists should provide a ‘self-service’ approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard. requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests. this convention allows web publishers to use their robots.txt to tell the internet archive (and potentially other web archives) not to provide access to archived content from their website. it also is not really news at all. the internet archive’s mark graham wrote in about how robots.txt haven’t really been working out for them lately, and how they now ignore them for playback of .gov and .mil domains. there was a popular article about this use of robots.txt written by david bixenspan at gizmodo, when the internet archive forgets, and a follow up from david rosenthal selective amnesia. perhaps the collective wisdom now is that the use of robots.txt to control playback in web archives is fundamentally flawed and shouldn’t be written down in a standard. but lacking a better way to request that something be removed from the internet archive i’m not sure if that is feasible. some, like rosenthal, suggest that it’s too easy for these take down notices to be issued. consent on the web is difficult once you are operating at the scale that the internet archive does in its crawls. but if there were a time to write it down in a standard i guess that time would be now. references giles, c. l., sun, y., &amp; councill, i. g. ( ). measuring the web crawler ethics. in www . retrieved from https://clgiles.ist.psu.edu/pubs/www -web-crawler-ethics.pdf russell, a. l. ( ). open standards and the digital age. cambridge university press. thelwall, m., &amp; stuart, d. ( ). web crawling ethics revisited: cost, privacy, and denial of service. journal of the american society for information science and technology. https://doi.org/ . /asi. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black this post was written by shelly black (@shellyyblack), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters. shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua. the weekend protests began in response to george floyd’s murder, i was driving across the country for my first post-mlis job. i listened to the radio, scrolled through the news and felt the country in pain. reflecting on how volatile has been, i’m grateful that the dlf forum was freely open to all and held online. as a graduate student, my exposure to digital curation and preservation focused on theory more than practice. so i was eager to learn about current strategies and tools. considering the anti-racist commitments made recently by numerous organizations, i also looked forward to hearing about projects to improve discoverability of marginalized people in the historical record. many sessions covered computational methods used by librarians, archivists, and researchers to improve our understanding of, and increase access to, digitized materials. juan manuel garcía fernández and nickoal eichmann-kalwara presented on “digital el diario and archival justice in the digital humanities graduate classroom.” their work involved creating a corpus from a digitized s chicanx newspaper and showing students how to use text analysis tools, such as mallet and voyant, for the purpose of historical recovery. in “images as data with computer vision,” carol chiodo shared that harvard university library is using a python package to analyze and provide descriptive metadata at scale for photographic collections. this includes protest photography, so the project will also result in the creation of ethical guidelines for applying automation to sensitive materials. throughout the forum, a theme that resonated with me was the ethics of care. i learned how multiple presenters have adopted this feminist approach that emphasizes relationships and considers power imbalances. during “can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life,” stacy reardon explained that she adopts an ethics of care when deciding whether to make materials available online. she noted how this framework urges us to consider the potential for harm not just to individuals but also communities. lorena gauthereau, one of the panel members of “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future,” imparted that community outreach should be approached with an ethics of care. she said we have a responsibility to make the people represented in archives feel valued, which can be achieved through post-custodial methods, consent, decolonial spaces, and trusting relationships. as a mexican japanese american, increasing representation and reclaiming the humanity of historically oppressed people has personal significance. i wholeheartedly agree with gauthereau who expressed:  “by recovering the past, we can project toward our future. while working with recovered archives, we make space for healing by making visible not only painful histories, but also resistance, survival and joy, to acknowledge where we come from and where we are going.”  these presentations reminded me to think critically about the interplay between people, archival collections, and technology. while i see promise in the application of computational methods for understanding and expanding access to stories beyond the dominant narrative, i’m also wary of the challenges. algorithms used for facial recognition, screening job applicants, and identifying high-risk patients continue to oppress communities of color. mixed race people like myself don’t fall neatly into metadata categories and likely aren’t seen by algorithms applied to textual or visual corpora. meanwhile, libraries have started using machine learning for appraisal, description, and other laborious tasks. many collections await being described—or re-described using anti-oppressive language—and made available online. algorithms offer efficiency, but when people create them with training data which centers whiteness, they further harm communities.  another challenge is the layering of biases when working with digitized collections. we lose more than visual details and aesthetic qualities through reproductive technologies and migration of formats. there are racial consequences. we scan photographs made from color film stocks originally calibrated for light skin. art historian lyneise williams has also called attention to the erasure of black people through the high contrast process of microfilming. so what happens when we use biased machine learning models to process images that inherit white normativity?  growing digitized collections make the adoption of machine learning compelling. at the same time, an ethics of care and diverse voices are needed when new tools are being designed. knowledge produced from analyzing collections at scale will only be as inclusive as the human beings who designed the algorithms and the digitized material’s source medium. as stacey patton reminded us in her keynote, digitization isn’t a be-all and end-all, particularly when there is still the digital divide. the dlf forum inspired me to think about the opportunities and issues ahead. i hope to attend future forums where discussions on using technology in ways which uplift communities of color continue. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black appeared first on dlf. 	in the library, with the lead pipe: culturally responsive community engagement programming and the university library: lessons learned from half a decade of vtditc by craig e. arthur, dr. freddy paige, la’ portia perkins, jasmine weiss, and dr. michael williams (good homie signs’ “hip hop @ vt” mural / ) in brief vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech is an award-winning series of experiential learning-focused, culturally responsive community engagement programs. it is deeply rooted in hip hop culture and is cosponsored by numerous organizations both on campus and in the community; the heart of the program is undoubtedly the virginia tech university libraries. we have hosted more than programs over the past five academic years. notably, our community engagement fellows, a team of undergraduate and graduate students, helped design and co-teach approximately forty-five media literacy workshops in the community beyond campus in the ‘ -’ academic year. our guiding mission is to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, importantly, to create an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom.  introduction vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech, or, more commonly, virginia tech digging in the crates, is a practitioner-focused, student-driven, culturally responsive community engagement program that prioritizes experiential learning. the multifaceted and ever-evolving program is based in southwest virginia on the campus of virginia tech (a public, land grant university with a student body of approximately , ). vtditc was co-created by a diverse transdisciplinary team and is now in our fifth consecutive academic year of programming. the program has iteratively developed since the fall semester; we have successfully hosted more than events.  importantly, vtditc builds on a year history of hip hop based curricula and approximately years of hip hop based co-curricular programming at the university. vtditc’s ability to connect and engage such a large group of people is a special attribute of the program. many universities have similar clubs or groups that bring together dancers with dancers or rappers with rappers, for instance, but vtditc is a unique community engagement program in that it prioritizes unity over stratification. the hip hop community at vt can be relatively small if people were counted solely by an arbitrary declaration like ‘hip hop scholar.’ however, when we invite our community to engage in hip hop as a culture, our participation numbers dwarf many other programs that could be considered our peers. vtditc’s success is at least partially due to the fact that a dynamic group of hip hop practitioners who embody the culture beyond our connection to the university co-create and care for it. we shift the university setting and resources to support hip hop culture, not the other way around. this article does not aim to chronicle the important role hip hop culture plays in education and college campuses (see rawls &amp; robinson, , as well as petchauer, and , gosa &amp; fields, , and nielson, ) nor does it seek to record hip hop culture’s history at virginia tech (see fralin, et al., ). we also are not seeking to describe a hip hop ethos (see harrison and arthur, ). rather, we look forward to sharing this case study as an exemplar of culturally responsive programming supported by a university library. in this article we explain how as engaged scholars we commit to understanding the role of culture in education as flexible, local, and global.  hit the crates &amp; create the vtditc community chose our name as a way to recognize one of the many research processes inherent to traditional hip hop arts communities as well as a nod to specific cultural stalwarts. the term ‘digging in the crates’ refers to the traditional information seeking/archival research process that hip hop djs and sample-based producers use to find their source material. digging, understandably, is the physical and intellectual labor of the discovery process in this context – or the work required to locate, sort, and analyze vinyl records. the crates are the acid free archival box equivalent for the vinyl dj. a dj or producer who spends time in the crates has a larger musical vocabulary as a result – just as time spent in library archives benefits a research writer (craig, &amp; rice, ). beyond our name, the vtditc program utilizes effective engagement practices from the broader hip hop community to increase the reach of the virginia tech university libraries’ programming. providing opportunities for community members to engage with hip hop culture’s productions old and new, local and global, is an objective of many of our efforts.  our guiding principles and mission statement early in the development of the program, our leadership board co-created our guiding principles: to remove barriers to entry, to recognize art as scholarship, to learn by doing, and, arguably most importantly, to establish an expressive and collaborative environment which allows for creative freedom. nearly half a decade later, applying these principles still guides the program in the direction of success.  our mission statement was created shortly after founding the program. although it has been remixed and edited slightly over the years, the essence has remained the same. the latest iteration of our mission statement is as follows:  hip hop studies at virginia tech, or vtditc, exists to foster community-based learning among hip hop artists, fans, practitioners, and scholars digitally and globally. we aim to model that students, faculty, and staff’s personal interests are worthy of academic study and publication as well as further institutionalize hip hop studies’ presence on virginia tech’s campus. another motivator that guides our programming is the need to challenge the white heteronormativity of higher education and, especially, library spaces (rosa &amp; henke, ). we build upon the work of scholars such as ladson-billings ( , ), gay ( ), and rawls and robinson ( ) in an effort to nurture both the shared and divergent cultural backgrounds and sensibilities of our community members. removing misconceptions that specific groups are not to be included in the socially constructed identity of a hip hop scholar or practitioner requires intentional effort toward increasing representation of excluded identities. recognizing that hip hop culture was birthed and nurtured in black and brown working class communities, our leadership board prioritizes creating opportunities for hip hop arts practitioners and scholars of color. beyond considering race and ethnicity, we are deliberate about requiring gender parity among compensated guest artists and scholars. these are two examples of how the vtditc community acts as agents of change to redress historical and contemporary oppression in educational spaces (nysed, n.d.).  the origins of vtditc the first meeting of what would eventually become our leadership board, the program’s decision making body, took place on december , in newman library. newman is virginia tech’s main campus library. it is also home to a modest recording studio (now known as media design studio b). the focus of this initial meeting was to create a monthly hip hop-focused seminar series that would take place in the largest venue in newman, the multipurpose room or mpr. volume : intro to djing and fair use occurred a couple of months later in february .  along with the university libraries, representatives from a variety of both student organizations and campus units served as co-sponsors and worked hard to make the event a success. to start the event, students dylan holiday and alayna carey (alayna is a member of our leadership board at present) taught a workshop with librarian craig arthur. the workshop addressed the intersections and divergences of djing and fair use principles. afterwards, the sixty or so attendees had the opportunity to each try their hand at djing with a variety of equipment set up for their use. the vast majority of the equipment belonged to members of the leadership board. virginia tech’s own breaking (also known as breakdancing) club ended the event with an informal cypher. the event’s sponsoring organizations included the africana studies program, the black cultural center, the flowmigos (another name for the vt breaking club), the intercultural engagement center, the gloria d. smith professorship in black studies, students of hip hop legacy (a club related to hip hop fandom), vt expressions (a club focused on hosting open mic events), the vt women’s center, and wuvt . fm (the university’s student-run radio station). this workshop is now considered a foundational component of our  seminar series. it kicks off every year as a welcome event to our community members both old and new. the second iteration of this workshop received front-page coverage in the local newspaper; the article highlighted how hip hop culture was connecting students, faculty, staff, and community members in the newman library (korth, ). (for an approximation of the vibes at this recurring workshop, see vtditc, a.) the six elements of vtditc: hip hop studies at virginia tech vtditc is comprised of six main components: ) the seminar series, ) media literacy workshops, ) weekly studio hours, ) the community engagement fellows program, ) credit-bearing curriculum, and ) practitioners for hire. each of these elements serves a unique subset of our community; for instance, the audience of our media literacy workshops are typically k- students while our practitioners for hire element connects local artists with campus units for opportunities for the artists to be compensated for their talents. while the program originated with the seminar series, the majority of our labor is spent on the other components. ) the seminar series: vt’s longest running monthly event since that first seminar in february , we have hosted additional iterations of the seminar. approximately two dozen artists and scholars from beyond the campus have been compensated to share their expertise with the community we foster. the series, which takes place (originally in-person, now virtually [due to covid- ], and, in due time hopefully, both virtually and in-person) on the second or third thursday evenings of september, october, november, february, march, and april. our seminars specifically occur during these months because that is when the regular school semesters take place. december and may are skipped due to the harried nature of the exam season. the seminars have addressed a wide range of topics including but not limited to gender, artistic ethics, heteronormativity, entrepreneurship, race, and police brutality. a recent example of how we addressed a topic using a hip hop lens was at our seminar vtditc volume : hip hop &amp; police brutality. we hosted several scholars to discuss how hip hop music has long documented police violence. we selected hip hop songs that featured lyrics chronicling artists’ personal interactions with police over the course of three decades. throughout this seminar, we conducted a group temporal analysis of how artists use their music to express the climate of police brutality across time periods and geographic differences. ideally each year the planning committee develops seminars that directly discuss music creation as well as seminars that engage other hip hop practitioners in topics such as dance, the visual arts, journalism, and entrepreneurship.  while including academic voices is important, intentionally prioritizing the perspectives of hip hop arts practitioners is essential to our program. our seminar series does not regularly follow the typical academic panel format. even the events that do resemble a more traditional academic seminar feature a single artistic performance at a minimum. the information discussed in our seminars applies and appeals to a wide range of individuals. as a result, attendees include virginia tech students, faculty, staff, that of nearby institutions, and community members from the broader new river valley and roanoke valley. as a result of the covid- pandemic, guests must now virtually attend our seminars. over the past few months, we have had individuals from across the united states check out our events. previously (before covid- ), guests would need to physically come to virginia tech’s newman library to attend these events.  when attendees arrive at our seminars, they are greeted by a live dj mix of hip hop music curated by our own dj c. sharp. after the welcome mix, the event’s creative director and mc (roles currently occupied by jasmine and la’ portia) bring the community together for announcements. we begin by expressing gratitude to our community partners as well as acknowledging the tutelo/monacan nations as well as the enslaved african people (virginia tech’s blacksburg campus was formerly the site of the smithfield plantation) who occupied this land before us. following our announcements and land acknowledgements, we introduce our artists, scholars, and/or practitioners and they begin their presentations. throughout the seminar there are often exercises where the community interacts with the practitioners. when meeting in person, food was provided midway through the seminar for the community to share. this feature of our seminar series symbolizes a hip hop tradition of breaking bread, but also serves as an opportunity to (albeit marginally) help reduce food scarcity on campus (us gao, ). at the conclusion of our seminar, we make sure to allow time for an open question and answer session so that the community can have another opportunity to engage with the practitioners and as well as each other. we have also hosted numerous more participatory, performance-based events such as beat and mc battles. (see vtditc, b for highlights of our second annual beat battle as an example of how we are reimagining the seminar format.)  (some members of the vtditc leadership board / ; l-r: eric luu (‘ -’ creative director, vt ‘ ), craig arthur (university libraries), juel downing (black cultural center student assistant ‘ -’ , vt ‘ ), yamin semali (atlanta-based mc, producer, dj, &amp; recording engineer), mallory foutch (former program coordinator, vt women’s center), and dr. a. kwame harrison (professor, department of sociology &amp; the africana studies program); image courtesy of richard randolph [vt ‘ ]) ) do things for the kids: media literacy workshops for the broader community this important component predates the program and is arguably our community’s favorite element of the vtditc program. craig has offered free dj classes throughout the new river valley for close to a decade. he had already integrated his twenty-year dj practice into his librarian praxis prior to joining virginia tech. recognizing that virginia tech university libraries was in the process of creating its digital literacy initiative shortly after his arrival, he realized that these workshops would dovetail well with many of the learning outcomes therein and could support the initiative’s efforts. since that time, we have offered more than creation-focused workshops for the larger community.  throughout the years, some of our more regular community partners have included – but are by no means limited to – the boys and girls clubs of southwest virginia, numerous iterations of the local alumnae chapter of alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s annual steam camp, roanoke public libraries, higher achievement, incorporated, vinton public library, and the west end center for youth. each of these organizations excels in providing programming to populations that virginia tech has traditionally underserved.  although the pandemic has put a temporary stop to our in-person media literacy workshops, we are currently re-developing our lesson plans to work in an online synchronous learning environment. we have hosted three such virtual workshops this semester. our workshops previously prioritized providing both access to music production equipment and utilizing an experiential learning approach to connect hip hop’s creative practices to steam education. science, technology, engineering, the arts and mathematics (steam) education is enhanced by hip hop practices which encourage students to engage in inquiry, dialogue, and critical thinking. unlike stem, the addition of the arts component adds opportunities for students to thrive and connect with abstract concepts (liao, ). while it is difficult to replicate the hands-on experience – such as time with turntables, records, dj mixers, samplers, drum machines, and microphones – the online environment is well equipped for other creative practices like writing raps, critiques, and reflections. online students are also able to engage activities which allow them to explore the relationship of beats per minute in a song and other numerical factors. engineering is an emerging area of interest in the vtditc media literacy workshops. we hope to explore the connection between the built environment and community impacts. hip hop artists regularly communicate their experiences within their environmental context. billboard charting hip hop artists have published songs that reflect the impacts that natural disasters, environmental injustice, and unsafe infrastructure systems have had on black communities. through a lyrical analysis of songs to introduce engineering issues, students are encouraged to consider engineering as a career path to serve their communities.  ) cooking up: studio hours studio hours are a weekly (every friday afternoon) three hour open studio session for any member of our vtditc community to record, refine the mixes of their existing recordings, write new material, and seek guidance from their fellow artists. importantly, studio hours serves as a fellowship-focused space and a markedly strong community of practice is evident. this component of the program began in the spring semester of and has persisted since. it takes place in the location of our initial planning meeting back in december : media design studio b in newman library. mds b offers a recording booth, several audio interfaces, condenser microphones, and two computer workstations – one for audio recording and mixing and another for audio-visual production and/or audio pre-production work. the studio can comfortably accommodate approximately a dozen people. we prioritize the artists’ comfort  and have long been intentional about not overpacking mds b. the vtditc community has not only hosted the longest continuous program in mds b with studio hours, we have also provided valuable user feedback to the team that runs the space. our programming has helped transition the space and equipment therein from a faculty-focused curriculum development lab to a more outwardly-focused recording studio marketed to the broader community. numerous songs have been recorded in mds b by vtditc community members during studio hours. students retain ownership of their work and are guided through the process of publishing their music in both digital and analog formats. the black cultural center mixtape is an example of a community project that came into being largely as a result of studio hours. the bcc mixtape can be found on virginia tech’s black cultural center’s soundcloud page; it was a long term, intensive project that was the brainchild of former bcc director kimberly williams. the project’s production, which took place over the course of two semesters, was largely orchestrated by the vtditc community.  vtditc students have also performed live on wuvt . fm, the university’s student-run radio station, and as opening acts for several major artists when they have performed on campus. we are particularly proud that multiple vtditc alumni have gained employment in creative arts-focused organizations. many have continued their connection to vtditc by collaborating with the current community. we have also hosted regionally and internationally renowned artists and recording engineers as a component of our studio hours program. they include stimulator jones, tim donovan, omar offendum, sum, ian levy, and emcee lioness. as a result of these particular studio sessions, several collaborative songs have been released; they feature students, faculty members, and community members.  each semester, a vtditc community member – often the lead technical director – serves as the resident recording engineer and studio hours community manager. we also attempt – with varying degrees of success – to ensure that we have an aspiring engineer in the wings to sustain the program’s momentum. there are relatively many virginia tech students who create their own music, but there are a limited number of students wanting to learn the engineering process necessary to record music. as a result, we intentionally promote the engineer mentor/mentee experience in hopes that we find interested individuals. our current creative director, jasmine, has expressed interest in music engineering and our leadership board is working to ensure that our current lead technical director shares all of their knowledge. these student leaders have been essential to the success of our constantly evolving and co-constructed studio etiquette guidelines as well. the guidelines ultimately reflect the values of the program and, in turn, ensure that the media co-created during studio hours is indicative of what we are trying to accomplish as a community. since the guidelines are prominently on display and reiterated at each of our sessions, they rarely need to be actively enforced. (vtditc studio etiquette guidelines – fall ) ) learning by doing: the vtditc community engagement fellows the faculty members on the leadership board created the vtditc community engagement fellows program as a way to intentionally transfer skills. students apply to partner with faculty members and dedicate time specifically to cultivating their expertise. this requires a relational process of shared responsibility with students and faculty. inasmuch, the vtditc community engagement fellows program helped us achieve an aspirational goal – to increase the agency of students within the community. the fellows – a team of approximately half a dozen undergraduate and graduate students – are essential to the success of our seminar series, our media literacy workshops, and studio hours. fellows comprise an interdisciplinary team that represent a wide swath of campus life and student organizations. oftentimes, the seemingly sole unifying feature of this team is that nearly all of the fellows are hip hop arts practitioners – be it djs, mcs, beat makers, visual artists, or dancers.  each fellow is classified as either a technical director or a creative director depending on their interests and skill sets. the technical directors, led by a lead technical director, are responsible for the more mechanical aspects such as setting up and striking equipment as well as djing and running audiovisual equipment (and, lately, monitoring chat and moderating attendees) during our programs. the creative directors, led by a lead creative director, handle the more visionary aspects of the program. they help determine the upcoming topics for our seminar series and identify artists and scholars with whom we should engage. they also shape the visual and virtual identity of the program via graphic design and actively maintaining our social media presence. despite the differentiation of duties, both technical and creative directors play an active role in co-designing and co-leading our media literacy workshops. inasmuch, the vtditc program allows for unrivaled and, importantly, compensated experiential learning opportunities on campus and in the community. numerous alums are now working in hip hop arts-based or adjacent professions – as recording engineers in commercial studies or as a community manager for an international breaking school, for example – due in part to this experience. ) not so formal learning: the curricular components vtditc is, without question, a largely co-curricular program. however, along with founding leadership board member dr. a. kwame harrison, craig has co-taught two iterations of a credit bearing course that was directly tied to the vtditc program: africana studies /sociology : foundations of hip hop. this course was offered in fall ( students) and spring ( students). in keeping with the emphasis on experiential learning evident in the rest of the vtditc program, students were afforded the opportunity to create media projects rather than traditional academic essays in both iterations of this course. many students made use of the resources – equipment loans and the media design studio b, for instance – provided to them by the university libraries to do so. we have partnered with the department of sociology and the africana studies program, largely thanks to dr. harrison, to co-teach several independent study courses as well. foci of these courses have included mcing, coordinating events on campus, and internships in commercial recording studios.  ) you can’t pay your bills with exposure: practitioners for hire as previously mentioned, the vtditc program intentionally prioritizes hip hop arts practitioners in all that we do. we do our best to leverage our campus relationships to connect these practitioners with compensated work. there are typically many opportunities – and unfortunately the majority pay with only exposure – for visual artists, djs, photographers, videographers, and dancers to share their work on a college campus. over the years, we have successfully connected members of our community with rare paid opportunities provided by the university. one example of our practitioners for hire component is the relationship we have fostered with north carolina based muralist good homie signs and the university. good homie has created six of the seven murals (the remaining mural was created by meme of the cbs and few &amp; far crews) vtditc has coordinated since the beginning of the program. “narrative art”, commissioned in april for a co-sponsored program on the rhetorics of graffiti with the department of english and dr. jonathan gross (purdue university), has been on display in a popular meeting room in shanks hall, the home of the english department, since june of last year. this component of the vtditc program is an innovation to the best of our knowledge; we hope to continue to connect hip hop arts practitioners with similar paid opportunities on our campus in the coming years. (good homie signs’ “narrative art” mural completed / and permanently installed in the department of english’s conference room – / ) (good homie signs’ ut prosim [or “that i may serve” – the university’s motto] mural completed / and installed permanently in newman library / ; note: third image courtesy of cat piper [vt ‘ ]) (good homie signs’ bobcat studios mural completed / and located in the bobcat studios recording studio at radford high school [radford, va]) the voice of the community to help assess the program, community members are asked to share their feedback. the following quotes are excerpts from testimonials, post-event interviews, and event planning meetings. quotes were selected to describe how members of our community speak to the connection that the vtditc programming supports.  “even outside of breaking, vtditc always brings a really cool vibe to whatever they have going on, whether it’s a rap sesh or craig spinning records or even just chilling and talking about current issues. it’s like a hip hop family, which is nice to see anywhere, especially in a place like blacksburg.”– virgil thornton love is an important ingredient in our events to balance the work required to discuss the tough issues our community faces. academia is dominated with debates and lectures, and while both of those formats are present in vtditc programming, many of the discussions at our events are modeled to mimic a family dinner conversation. food is present and our crowd separates into small focus groups. “my favorite memories were the beat battles–more specifically, seeing professors and students compete, champion, and show a bombastic love for each other.” – kimberly williams  breaking down hierarchy is extremely important to empower voices. the vtditc community creates opportunities for faculty, staff, students, and non-university affiliated community members to compete on a level playing field. healthy competition allows for supportive energy to be transferred from the community into individuals and their creations. many of the artistic works shared in our competitions are works in progress that are improved through community input.  “vtditc is more than a library program; it is a community program, yet i continue to discuss its connection to the library and my librarianship. this is because working with vtditc showed me the value of leaving the library to listen to the people the library serves, and this is a lesson i am extremely grateful for as it makes me a better librarian.”– kodi saylor “i learned to listen better, respect better, and uplift better by being in that environment, which is something that came about naturally because that positive energy was already present.”– jon kabongo listening to others and valuing what they have to say is a non-negotiable community requirement of vtditc. the success of the vtditc program is greatly due to our ability to listen to what community members want and need. our community members feel listened to and reciprocate our efforts by listening to others at our events. virginia tech has aspirational community guidelines which unfortunately are not always upheld. our community is not without flaw, but it is apparent that we are committed to superseding the expectations and standards of the broader university environment. we are not building a utopia but an incredible amount of trust is being developed within our community where open mics and vulnerable identities co-exist.  plans for the future we feel confident that we have the program more or less dialed in both in practice and in theory, however we would like to increase the number of people that participate in the program. to date, the vtditc community has been funded largely by the university libraries (approximately $ , -$ , per year) via departmental support for outreach programming as well as by financial support from campus units and internal grants. the vast majority of these funds have gone directly to student wages, artist and scholar honorariums, and purchasing the equipment necessary to support the program. we have received several internal grants (ranging from $ to $ , ) in additional funding. to increase our impact in the broader community, we plan to aggressively seek external funding and sponsorships beyond campus.  additionally, we also hope to further refine our programmatic assessment. qualitative data have been collected from events and engagements which has helped vtditc grow. a student collected several testimonials at our events as a part of a journalism project which was continued by our event staff in hopes of finding opportunities for improvement. participant testimonials have helped tune the amount of time allotted for discussion at events as well as the importance of communicating to students opportunities to become the hosts of our events. testimonial data also helped the vtditc event team create  “no-photos please” lanyards to protect student privacy, especially when engaging in politicized topics. planning meetings for vtditc events are open to anyone, and insights provided by visiting community members have improved our events – especially as new topics are explored in conjunction with new partners. in particular, visiting community members have helped us take an iterative approach to how we promote our events and spread the reach of our programming. vtditc hosts the most attended and longest running series in the newman library, and while the participation rates are impressive, we strive to develop richer quantitative measures of success to explore and assess the program’s success. with the program growing in scale, quantitative measures are beginning to become more applicable for measuring program success through standard statistical procedures. for our online programming, which has connected over participants in the same virtual meeting, a survey is being designed to accompany our registration process which will collect likert scale data to record participant perceptions of engagement and knowledge gains. this likert scale data will be recorded and used to help the leadership and advisory boards make decisions about the program’s trajectory. we also plan to leverage this data as evidence of the program’s impact for external grant funding.  conclusion community practices are established over long periods of time. although the program is almost half a decade old, vtditc is just getting started. constructing, deconstructing, and re-envisioning the program has been a repetitive process. working in the university environment, vtditc was designed to be dynamic and capable of growing even with a large number of individuals whose tenures are relatively brief. many challenges are present when engaging with communities as volatile as those in higher education, especially with respect to continuity, trust, and funding. our guiding principles and engagement practices help to mitigate several common failures. post graduation vtditc students have open lines of  communication with the program and provide guidance to the generations that follow. vtditc only engages in community partnerships that are designed to meet community needs, and prioritize community empowerment, not the further establishment of the academic institution. financial constraints are considered opportunities to develop alternate paths towards success, while maintaining a high standard for the quality of our outputs. while the vtditc community cannot be duplicated at other institutions, by presenting our process, we hope to provide others with the ability to sample our program to create their own sound engagement practices with their community.   acknowledgements this article would not have been possible without the scores of students, artists, community members, as well as virginia tech faculty and staff who have played varying – but all vital – roles in the vtditc crew over the last half decade.  arthur j. boston, ian beilin, and ryan randall’s formal peer-reviews were also invaluable as we wrote, remixed, and reworked this articles’ numerous drafts. thank you for your patience, kindness, and support.the vtditc community dedicates our work to the memory of:james “trigganamatree” maples ( / / - / / ) – the reigning vtditc mc battle championchris “dj g-wiz” gwaltney ( / / - / / ) – early supporter of the program and co-teacher of numerous vtditc media literacy workshops references craig, t. ( ). “jackin’ for beats”: djing for citation critique.” radical teacher, ,  - . drake, d. ( , march ). “hip-hop’s unknown legends: the diggin’ in the crates crew.” stylus magazine. http://stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/hip-hops-unknown-legends-the-diggin-in-the-crates-crew.html fralin, s., foutch, m., arthur, c., harrison, a.k., paige, f., luu, e., &amp; downing, j. ( ). hip hop @ vt. exhibit displayed in newman library from august to november . https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/ / gay, g. ( ). culturally responsive teaching: theory, research, and practice. new york: teachers college press. gosa, t. &amp; fields, t. ( ). “is hip-hop education another hustle? the (ir)responsible use of hip-hop as pedagogy.” in porfilio, b. &amp; viola, m. (eds.), hip-hop(e): the cultural practice and critical pedagogy of international hip-hop (pp. – ). peter lang. harrison, a.k. &amp; arthur, c. ( ). “hip hop ethos.” humanities, ( ), - .  korth, r. ( , february ). “students digging monthly hip hop event.” roanoke times. https://roanoke.com/news/education/higher_education/virginia_tech/students-digging-monthly-hip-hop-event/article_d face - e a- e -aa f- f c f .html ladson-billings, g. ( ). “toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy.” american educational research journal, ( ), - .ladson-billings, g. ( ). “culturally relevant pedagogy . : a.k.a. the remix.” harvard educational review, ( ), - . liao, christine ( ). “from interdisciplinary to transdisciplinary: an arts-integrated approach to steam education,” art education, : , - . new york state department of education. (n.d.). culturally responsive-sustaining education framework. http://www.nysed.gov/common/nysed/files/programs/crs/culturally-responsive-sustaining-education-framework.pdf  nielson, e. ( , april ). “high stakes for hip-hop studies.” the huffington post. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/erik-nielson/high-stakes-for-hip-hop-studies_b_ .html petchauer, e. ( ). “framing and reviewing hip-hop educational research.” review of educational research, ( ), – . https://doi.org/ . / petchauer, e. ( ). hip-hop culture in college students’ lives: elements, embodiment, and higher edutainment. routledge. rawls, j.d. &amp; robinson, j. ( ). youth culture power: a #hiphoped guide to building teacher-student relationships and increasing student engagement. peter lang.  rice, j. ( ). “the hip-hop machine: hip-hop pedagogy as composition.” college composition and communication, ( ), - . rosa, k. &amp; henke, k. ( ). ala demographic study. american library association. http://www.ala.org/tools/research/initiatives/membershipsurveys u.s. government accountability office. “food insecurity: better information could help eligible college students access federal food assistance benefits.” u.s. government accountability office, january , . https://www.gao.gov/products/gao- - . vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( a, october ). #vtditc vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use [video]. youtube. https://youtu.be/oolwlylnkli  vtditc [vtditc hip hop studies at virginia tech]. ( b, november ). #vtditc vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop featuring beatsbyjblack [video]. youtube. https://youtu.be/nbofsk s-a appendix vtditc: a rough and incomplete timeline / / : craig was invited by dr. karen davis to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, incorporated’s tau mu omega chapter’s first steam camp. the camp happened on the campus of radford university which was both dr. davis’ and craig’s employer at the time. although craig had been djing for years and had taught numerous individuals the craft by this point, this workshop was the first time he had the opportunity to teach a group of middle school students from a media literacy perspective. / / : craig was invited back to teach a dj-based media literacy workshop for alpha kappa alpha sorority, inc.’s tau mu omega chapter’s second annual steam camp. this collaboration continues annually to the present.  / / : craig began working at his alma mater in the role of teaching &amp; learning engagement librarian. / / : the first meeting of what would become the vtditc leadership board took place in what is now the media design studio b in newman library. / / : vtditc collaborated with roanoke public libraries for the for the love of hip hop program at their main branch. rpl and vtditc have partnered roughly a dozen times over the interceding years and our relationship with rpl is one unquestionably one of our strongest community partnerships. / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use. this event – along with every other in-person seminar series event – took place in newman library’s multipurpose room. vt students dylan holliday and alayna carey served as workshop co-teachers alongside craig. alayna (vt class of ‘ ) is still a member of the vtditc leadership board. / / - / / : first vt hip hop appreciation weekend – a three day collaboration between students of hip hop legacy, the flowmigos/vt breaking club, and vtditc – occurred. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship featured dj zomanno (los angeles based dj and vt alum), justin kim (los angeles based musican and model), and vt student nathan zed. dr. a. kwame harrison (vt department of sociology and africana studies program) moderated the discussion. / / : give me a break versus b-boy/b-girl jam (sponsored by the flowmigos/vt breaking club with assistance from vtditc) took place in the newman library multipurpose room. / / : vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop featured legendary poet and vt faculty nikki giovanni. vt phd student corey miles and the black cultural center’s director kimberly williams moderated the discussion. / / : vtditc vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop featured yamin semali (atlanta based producer, dj, mc, and recording engineer). local music producer electrobro won first place. / / : vtditc vol : mc battle &amp; workshop featured daytripper (atlanta based producer, dj, and mc) and emcee lioness (maryland based mc and vt alum). trigganamatree (aka james maples who passed tragically the following year) won the battle. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; digital literacy featured dr. ad carson (uva department of music), sum (los angeles based mc), vt student nathan zed, and stimulator jones (roanoke based musician). dr. a. kwame harrsion moderated the discussion.spring semester : we began hosting vtditc studio hours in what is now the media design studio b in newman library. the sessions occurred from am to pm every friday that semester as well as during the summer. / / - / / : vtditc artist/entrepreneur-in-residence. los angeles based artist sum served as the university libraries first (and only thus far) artist/entrepreneur in residence. sum met with over members of the campus community during his residency. afterwards he presented a document with numerous recommendations and debriefed interested members of the university libraries with his findings via a virtual meeting. / / : vtditc vol : the hour challenge – a collaborative music creation competition – took place. three teams of approximately half a dozen randomly chosen local hip hop artists were given an hour to create a full song. the crowd picked their favorite at the conclusion of the event. logistically it was a nightmare but it all worked out somehow. recap video / / : the roanoke times publishes a front page story on the vtditc program. / / - / / : nd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend transpired. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc served as co-sponsors. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; liberation featured dr. brandy faulkner (vt department of political science), omar offendum (los angeles based mc), dumi right (vt alum and virginia based mc), and saba taj (durham based visual artist). recap video / / : vtditc park jam featured muralists icue (atlanta) and good homie signs (north carolina) as well as atlanta based dj and mc daytripper. / / : vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop ii featured blair ebony smith (university) and kyesha jennings (nc state). recap videofall semester : vtditc studio hours continued in mds b. we altered hours to fridays from to to better serve our community’s needs. / / : the hip hop @ vt exhibit opened in newman library. this exhibit – which was created in collaboration with the university libraries’ course exhibits program – was on display on the main floor of newman library through nearly the entirety of the fall semester. mural timelapse video / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing &amp; fair use – the return consisted of a workshop by craig and numerous vt djs/students who also served as small group coaches. recap video / / : vtditc vol : beat battle &amp; music production workshop featured beatsbyjblack (northern virginia based music producer) and was hosted by vt student eric luu. vt student samwmta won first place. mike abstrakt, a roanoke-based high school student and music producer, took home second place. recap video / / : vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; mental health featured dr. ian levy (manhattan college), dr. freddy paige (virginia tech department of civil and environmental engineering), dr. brandy faulkner, and emcee lioness.  / / : vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; interrogating civility. this event, in collaboration with the office of student conduct, took a critical view of the imperative of civility on our campus. dr. andrea baldwin (vt department of sociology), yolanda avent (vt community and cultural centers), vt student juan pachecho, and dr. ad carson (uva) served as panelists.  / / - / / : rd annual vt hip hop appreciation weekend took place. sohhl, the flowmigos, and vtditc again served as co-sponsors. / / : vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop iii – the return of the b-girl. graffiti artist meme, dancer bgirl macca, and emcee lioness served as panelists for this iteration of our seminar series.  / / : nd annual vtditc park jam featured muralists good homie signs and meme. recap video / / : black cultural center (bcc) mixtape released. this collaborative project – the culmination of a semester and a half of work largely done during vtditc studio hours – was formally released at a celebration at the bcc. / / : words of the prophets: graffiti as political protest in greece, italy, and poland. this collaborative program with the vt department of english featured dr. jonathan gross (professor of english at purdue university). he shared his research regarding the rhetorics of graffiti art. good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural prior to this event. it is now on display in the department of english’s conference room (shanks hall ). / / : vtditc vol : show &amp; prove. this event was an all elements open battle for local hip hop arts practitioners. members of the flowmigos won first place. / : the vtditc leadership board established our inaugural advisory board. the first advisory board consisted of juel downing (vt class of ‘ and original leadership board member), dr. j. rawls (dj/producer and educator), sum (mc), emcee lioness (vt class of ‘ and mc), dumi right (vt class of ‘ and mc), and dr. joycelyn wilson (assistant professor of black media studies, georgia tech).‘ -’ academic year: notably, the vtditc community engagement fellows co-designed and co-taught media literacy workshops for the broader community. roughly a dozen partner organizations helped facilitate these workshops. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop &amp; race – what hasn’t been said. this event consisted of small group discussions led by a team of moderators.  / / : vtditc vol : soul sessions – rebel voices. this iteration of our seminar series was a collaboration with roanoke-based open mic series soul sessions and celebrated of lgbtq+ history month. / / : vtditc vol : rd annual beat battle &amp; music production workshop. this recurrence of one of our most anticipated events was judged and hosted by stimulator jones (roanoke based musician, dj, and producer). vt student and music producer prince predator (vt class of ‘ ) won the battle. february : bobcat studios project. vtditc was awarded a $ internal grant by vt’s institute for creativity, arts, and technology to create a recording studio and the culturally-relevant curriculum necessary to support it at radford high school (radford, virginia).  / / : vtditc vol : intro to djing and fair use iii. this workshop was taught by ucla department of africana studies’ lynnée denise and focused on their research regarding the dj as scholar. / / : vtditc held a master class with legendary recording engineer tim donovan in media design studio b. mid march : vtditc studio hours transitioned to a virtual-only format. / / : vtditc vol : gender &amp; hip hop iv’s original date. we rescheduled this event to / / and transitioned to a virtual format due to the covid- pandemic / / : rd annual vditc park jam’s original date. we rescheduled this event to / / due to the covid- pandemic. / / : vtditc vol : black communities &amp; the police. this was our first virtual-only seminar series event and it transpired shortly after george floyd was murdered by the minneapolis police department. community stalwart dr. brandy faulkner kindly shared her expertise with us yet again.mid august : vtditc studio hours reinstated in-person programming in mds b. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop and police brutality. our second virtual only seminar series event featured dr. brandy faulkner, dr. ellington graves (vt office for inclusion and diversity and department of sociology/africana studies program), roanoke-based recording artist macklyn, and radford university department of social work’s dr. deneen evans. panelists analyzed both current and classic hip hop songs as foundational texts describing instances of police violence.  / / : rd annual vtditc park jam – the do-over. north carolina based artist and regular vtditc collaborator good homie signs created a ’ by ’ mural of the virginia tech motto ut prosim (or “that i may serve”) outside of newman library. the mural was installed in newman library the following month.  / / : vtditc vol – the do-over: gender &amp; hip hop iv featured dr. shante paradigm smalls (st. john’s university). this event was our third virtual-only seminar series event. dr. smalls presentation focused on their research regarding queer hip hop historiographies. / / : vtditc vol : hip hop entrepreneurship ii featured stacy epps (atlanta-based artist and attorney). at our fourth virtual-only seminar series event, stacy’s workshop focused on the steps necessary for aspiring artists to professionalize their creative practices. / - / / : good homie signs created the bobcat studios mural ( ’ by ’) at radford high school.  images: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/ rmesxfmpcqjjrdjmrpcyqdebjxwsjvss?usp=sharing  testimonials:https://docs.google.com/document/d/ nd b qqrzrvpw tojhwlmog yrazqv ypekcoymvwo/edit?usp=sharing 	ed summers: curation communities as i indicated in the last post i’ve been teaching digital curation this semester at umd. i ended up structuring the class around the idea of abstraction where we started at a fairly low level looking at file systems and slowly zoomed out to file formats and standards, types of metadata, platforms and finally community. it was a zooming out process, like changing the magnification on a microscope, or maybe more like the zooming out that happens as you pop between levels in the pages of istvan banyai’s beautiful little children’s book zoom (pun intended). i’m curious to hear how well this worked from my student’s perspective, but it definitely helped me organize my own thoughts about a topic that can branch off in many directions. this is especially the case because i wanted the class to include discussion of digital curation concepts while also providing an opportunity to get some hands on experience using digital curation techniques and tools in the context of jupyter notebooks. in addition to zooming out, it was a dialectical approach, flipping between reading and writing prose and reading and writing code, with the goal of reaching a kind of synthesis of understanding that digital curation practice is about both concepts and computation. hopefully it didn’t just make everyone super dizzy :) this final module concerned community. in our reading and discussion we looked at the fair principles and talked about what types of practices they encourage, and to evaluate some data sources in terms of findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability. for the notebook exercise i decided to have students experiment with the lumen database (formerly chilling effects) which is a clearinghouse for cease-and-desist notices received by web platforms like google, twitter and wikipedia. the database was created by wendy seltzer and a team of legal researchers that wanted to be able to study how copyright law and other legal instruments shaped what was, and was not, on the web. examining lumen helped us explore digital curation communities for two reasons. the first is that it provides an unprecedented look at how web platforms curate their content in partnership with their users. there really is nothing else like it unless you consider individual efforts like github’s dmca repository which is an interesting approach too. the second reason is that lumen itself is an example of community digital curation practice and principles like fair. fair began in the scientific community, and certainly has that air about it. but lumen embodies principles around findability and accessibility: this is information that would be difficult if not impossible to access otherwise. lumen also shows how some data cannot be readily available: there is redacted content, some notices lack information like infringing urls. working with lumen helps students see that not all data can be open, and that the fair principles are a starting place for ethical conversations and designs, and not a rulebook to be followed. the lumen api requires that you get a key for doing any meaningful work (the folks at berkman-klein were kind enough to supply me a temporary one for the semester). at any rate, if you are interested in taking a look the notebook (without the lumen key) is available on github. i’ve noticed that sometimes the github javascript viewer for notebooks can timeout, so if you want you can also take a look at it over in colab, which is the environment we’ve been using over the semester. the notebook explores the basics of interacting with the api using the python requests library, while explaining the core data model that is behind the api, which relates together the principal, the sender, the recpipient and the submitter of a claim. it provides just a taste of the highly expressive search options that allow searching, ordering and filtering of results along many dimensions. it also provides an opportunity to show students the value of build functional abstractions to help reduce copy and paste, and develop reusable and testable curation functions. the goal was to do a module about infrastructure after talking about community. but unfortunately we ran out of time due to the pace of classes during the pandemic. i felt that a lot was being asked of students in the all online environment and i’ve really tried over the semester to keep things simple. this last module on community was actually completely optional, but i was surprised when half the class continued to do the work when it was not officially part of their final grade. the final goal of using lumen this week was to introduce them to a resource that they could write about (essay) or use in a notebook or application that will be their final project. i’ve spent the semester stressing the need to be able to write both prose and code about digital curation practices and the final project is an opportunity for them to choose to inflect one of those modes more than the other. 	david rosenthal: max ungrounding my post max: the case against boeing is a year old and has accumulated updates in comments. now the aircraft is returning to service, it is time for a new post. below the fold, bjorn fehrm has two interesting posts about the ungrounding.in the first, boeing max changes beyond mcas, fehrm lays out the cascade of warnings that resulted from a single angle-of-attack sensor failure:as faa and boeing played through what happened in the max crashes in boeing’s engineering simulators, the cascading alerts triggered by a faulty single angle of attack (aoa) sensor stood out: stick shaker went on on the affected side from rotation and stayed on all the time, despite the aircraft flying with the correct speed and not being close to stall. ias (airspeed) unreliable alert triggered alt (altitude) unreliable alert triggered aoa (angle of attack) unreliable should have shown but didn’t because of a bug in max’s software that tied it to the optional display of aoa on the pilot’s primary flight display (pfd, the pilot’s electronic horizon display). the speed tapes on the pilot’s primary flight display behaved strangely, showing too low speed and high speed concurrently in the et case. several trim related failures in such an environment relied on the pilots identifying the trim misbehavior within four seconds. when flight crews from different airlines were flying these scenarios, it became clear such assumptions were unrealistic.this is an example of the hand-off problem that is inherent in sophisticated automation (see first we change how people behave and the numerous comments). clearly, giving even expert pilots only seconds to comprehend and react to this confusing rush of warnings would have been unrealistic, even if the pilots had been informed about and trained on the mcas system that was causing them, which they weren't. in the second, fehrm points out an interesting difference between the faa's and the easa's requirements for re-certifying the max in max ungrounding, anac’s and easa’s decisions:the other condition has its root in the disconnection of speed trim, mcas, autopilot, and flight directors should the two angle of attack systems disagree. easa will temporarily revoke the max certification for required navigation performance – authorization required (rnp ar) approaches....should the aoa monitor trip, speed trim, mcas, and more importantly, autopilot and flight directors disconnect, it puts a crew in a very tight spot as the difficulty of such approaches are high (they require special crew training and certification). you need all the tools you have in such approaches and don’t want a sudden disconnect of the autopilot and flight directors combined with speed trim warning, followed by aoa, ias and alt disagree.the revoke of the rpn ar approach certification is temporary. one can guess it will be allowed again once a synthetic third aoa sensor is introduced to the max. it creates a voting “two versus one” situation when one of the sensors presents suspicious values. it would then result in an aoa disagree warning, but the autopilot and flight directors would stay on and ias and alt would still get the required aoa corrections. the aoa disagree is then an indication for required maintenance rather than a major system hiccup. duplicating systems is never a good approach to fault tolerance, they must be triplicated. in the s ba used tridents on the edinburgh to london shuttle. their autoland systems were triplcated, and certified for zero-visibility landing. i experienced my first go-round when, on my way from edinburgh to miami for a conference, the approach to lhr in heavy cloud was interrupted by the engines spooling up and an abrupt climb. the captain calmly announced that one of the autopilots disagreed with the other two and, as a precaution, we were going around for another try. on the second approach there was no disagreement. we eventually landed in fog so thick i couldn't see the wingtips. only the tridents were landing, nothing was taking off. my miami flight was delayed and after about hours i was re-routed via lga. 	digital library federation: dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom this post was written by hsiu-ann tom, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. hsiu-ann is the digital archivist at the amistad research center in new orleans, la where her work focuses on born digital collection development. she received her masters in library and information science with a concentration in archives management from simmons university in boston in . she is a graduate of columbia university (ba, sociology) and harvard university (ma, religion and politics), and is a member of the academy of certified archivists. prior to working in the archival field, hsiu-ann served in the united states army intelligence field as a cryptolinguistic analyst, attending the defense language institute in monterey, california. before coming to amistad, hsiu-ann worked on the archives staff of boston university’s howard gotlieb archival research center working with the military historical society of massachusetts collection. she recently obtained the society of american archivist digital archivist specialist certification and enjoys supporting students and new professionals in their educational development through her work as a member of saa’s graduate archival education committee.   i am thankful for the opportunity to have helped cover this year’s conference as one of community journalists. given all of the challenges of , i was looking forward to hearing how my colleagues were finding ways to navigate unfamiliar situations and overcome obstacles. as a new graduate in my first full-time position out of library school, it was both inspiring and encouraging to listen to so many in the field describe their innovations over the course of the conference. i am thankful to the conference organizers and attendees for assembling such a rich program for everybody to enjoy. as i gathered my thoughts about what to write, i was overwhelmed by the achievements and innovations of the dlf community. each session was packed with more information than i could absorb and it was a joy to hear such dedicated professionals talk about their work. yet, when i thought about the conference experience, what stuck out to me the most was the conference design itself and its alignment with dlf’s mission and values. i considered the introductory comments of charles henry and the dlf mission: dlf: advancing research, learning, social justice, &amp; the public good through the creative design &amp; wise application of digital library technology the conference felt like a model for how to implement these community values. it was exciting to see ideas in action and to feel like i was included in that as a newcomer to this group. from before the start of the conference, i appreciated the efforts of conference staff to make conference content accessible to attendees of all abilities. in light of the pandemic and the turn to online communication platforms, transcription and closed captioning services for the hearing impaired are sometimes overlooked by conference organizers. as a us army veteran with hearing impairment who does not read lips, this was something i struggled with on my own until this year when online meetings meant i had to start asking for more accommodations. this is not always a comfortable or easy thing for anyone to do despite how accepting society says we are to helping those who need accommodations. dlf conference staff began reaching out by email prior to the conference to address these concerns and confirm the availability of captioning and transcription services for all sessions – something that has not been my experience at other conferences. on the first day of the conference when i could not understand how to make the captioning features work, dlf had staff on hand via zoom link to jump on a screen share to show me how things worked on the aviary platform in real time. they emailed me links to sessions i missed, coached me through the features as i tested the captioning, showed me how transcriptions worked and even where i could have emailed transcripts of the conference sessions and slide notes to access at a later time. normally i would have to stop videos and play them back multiple times to get content for note taking. personally, these tools meant participating in the conference with fewer distractions and less stress. as the conference progressed, i thought more about the importance of these tools for our user community and how we can employ them to improve their experiences. dr. stacey patton’s words during her opening address stayed with me throughout the conference as i considered the topic of accessibility in my daily work. she asked attendees to consider our role as archivists. as a new archivist trying to develop policies, procedures and workflows that encourage access and use for those coming to my archive, how can i perform my work more inclusively? are there communities being overlooked? what needs are going unmet and how do i address them? current discussions and work around accessibility are critical to ensuring that all patrons have access to the work we perform. the dlf forum was a great experience for me in that i was able to learn about new tools to help with accessibility like otter.ai and how to use it. i also learned about adjusting on the fly, accepting that sometimes technology will malfunction even with the best laid plans, having a backup plan to back up your plan is a great plan and finally, asking your community of peers for help may be your best plan. i am fortunate to have been able to attend dlf this year and to see the hard work of so many colleagues on display, learn new skills and connect with a community of professionals working in my field. there are many ways organizations demonstrate to their community of users “you are welcome here. we want you here and you are part of this community.” these simple steps taken by the dlf conference team through the accessibility tools helped me to feel part of the community this year. thank you to staff who provided assistance with transcription and captioning services, and to those who helped with platform support. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom appeared first on dlf. 	journal of web librarianship: evolutional librarianship: from supermarket to smorgasbord . 	casey bisson: every journalist ryu spaeth on the dirty job of journalism: [e]very journalist […] at some point will have to face the morally indefensible way we go about our business: namely, using other people to tell a story about the world. not everyone dupes their subjects into trusting them, but absolutely everyone robs other people of their stories to tell their own. every journalist knows this flushed feeling, a mix of triumph and guilt, of securing the story that will redound glory unto them, not the subject. 	ed summers: mystery file! we started the semester in my digital curation class by engaging in a little exercise i called mystery file. the exercise was ungraded and was designed to simply get the students thinking about some of the issues we would be exploring over the semester such as files, file formats, metadata, description, communities of practice and infrastructure. the exercise also gave me an opportunity to introduce them to some of the tools and skills we would be using such as developing and documenting our work in jupyter notebooks. the students had a lot of fun with it, and it was really helpful for me to see the variety of knowledge and skills they brought to the problem. the mystery file turned out to be bundle of genetic data and metadata from the public national center for biotechnology information a few minutes drive from umd at the national institutes of health in bethesda. if the students were able to notice that this file was a tar file, they could expand it and explore the directories and subdirectories. they could notice that some files were compressed, and examine some of them to notice that they contained metadata and a genetic sequence. once they had submitted their answers i shared a video with them (the class is asynchronous except for in person office hours) where i answered these questions myself in a jupyter notebook running in google colab. i shared the completed notebook with them for them to try on their own. it was a good opportunity to reacquaint students with notebooks since they were introduced to them in an introduction to programming class that is a pre-requisite. but i wanted to show how notebooks were useful for documenting their work, and especially useful in digital curation activities which are often ad-hoc, but include some repeatable steps. the bundle of data includes a manifest with hashes for fixity checking to ensure a bit hasn’t flipped, which anticipated our discussion of technical metadata later in the semester. i thought it was a good example of how a particular community is making data available, and how the ncbi and its services form a piece of critical infrastructure for the medical community. i also wanted to highlight how the data came from a chinese team, despite the efforts of the chinese government to suppress the information. this was science, the scientific community, and information infrastructures working despite (or in spite of) various types of social and political breakdowns. but i actually didn’t start this post wanting to write about all that, but rather to comment on a recent story i read about the origins of this data. it gave me so much hope and reason to celebrate data curation practices to read zeynep tufekci’s the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information this afternoon. she describes how brave yong-zhen zhang and his team in china were in doing their science, and releasing the information in a timely way to the world. if you look closely you can see zhang’s name highlighted in the pictured metadata record above. it is simply astonishing to read how zhang set the scientific machinery in motion which created a vaccine all the way back in january, just days after the virus was discovered and sequenced. sending my students this piece from zeynep here at the end of the semester gives me such pleasure, and is the perfect way to round out the semester as we talk about communities and infrastructure. (p.s. i’m planning on bundling up the discussion and notebook exercises once the semester is finished in case it is useful for others to adapt.) 	islandora: islandora open meeting: december th, islandora open meeting: december th, manez mon, / / - : body our first general open meeting for islandora , held on november th, went great! we didn't have a moment of down time in four hours, and we ended up covering everything from basic introductory demos to detailed looks under the hood of islandora sites in production. we will be holding another open drop-in session on december th, from : am to : pm eastern. full details, and the zoom link to join, are in this google doc. the meeting is free form, with experienced islandora users on hand to answer questions or give demos on request. please drop in at any time during the four-hour window. registration is not required. if you would like a calendar invite as a reminder, please let us know at community@islandora.ca. 	digital library federation: announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix portuguese translations of the levels of digital preservation matrix  the ndsa is pleased to announce that version ( ) of the levels matrix has been translated into portuguese by laura vilela r. rezende. this document enriches the scientific studies on digital preservation and research data curation developed by the brazilian research group of which the researcher is part: the research network – driade: digital preservation studies and practices   links to these documents are found below as well as on the levels of digital preservation osf project page: https://osf.io/qgz / v . ( )  if you would be interested in translating the levels of digital preservation v . into another language please contact us at ndsa.digipres@gmail.com.    tradução para o português da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital de   a ndsa tem o prazer de anunciar que a versão . ( ) da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital foi traduzida para o português por laura vilela r. rezende. este documento enriquece os estudos científicos sobre preservação digital e curadoria de dados de pesquisa desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa brasileiro do qual a pesquisadora faz parte:  rede de pesquisa driade – estudos e práticas de preservação digital  a seguir os links para acesso a este documentos. É possível acessar também pela página do projeto osf: https://osf.io/qgz / v . ( )   caso tenha interesse em traduzir os níveis de preservação digital v . em outro idioma, por favor entre em contato conosco pelo e-mail: ndsa.digipres@gmail.com   the post announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix  appeared first on dlf. 	terry reese: marcedit . update status i’m planning to start making testing versions of the new marcedit instance available around the first of the year broadly, to a handful of testers in mid-dec.  the translation from .net . . to .net was more significant than i would have thought – and includes a number of swapped default values – so hunting down behavior changes.  currently, the follow updates have been completed. framework used: .net . rda helper: $e process modified. added criteria to $e generation. previously, if a $e is already present, an new $e wasn’t added. now, if a $e or $ is present, a $e won’t be generated. rda helper: changes related to rda updates added new elements to the new window programs for pinning xml editor: delete block element added xml editor: xquery processing option if a set of records include bibliographic and authority records, the rda helper will skip the authority records updated installation wizard (allows migration of .x and .x content into the tool) updating oclc integration to use new metadata api search delimited text translator — added ability to use custom mnemonic replacements delimited text translator — no longer a stand alone program app part of main marcedit app command line options folded into marcedit app [in process] linked data rules file version enhancements to the rules file schema -tr 	journal of web librarianship: what metadata matters?: correlation of metadata elements with click-through rates for e-books and streaming video in the academic library catalog . 	max planck digital library: mpg/sfx server maintenance, tuesday december, - pm the database of the mpg/sfx server will undergo scheduled maintenance. the downtime will start at pm. services are expected to be back after minutes. we apologize for any inconvenience. 	casey bisson: the three tribes of the internet authors primavera de filippi, juan ortiz freuler, and joshua tan outline three competing narratives that have shaped the internet: libertarian, corporate, and nationalist. this matters because our physical lives are now deeply intertwined with and codependent on our internet activities. the latest information about covid regulations in many communities is first released on twitter, for example. a declaration is a political act, which describes what should be done. a narrative is a political tool, which elaborates on why it should be done. 	mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare. 	mark matienzo: perfecting a favorite: oatmeal chocolate chip cookies i have a horrible sweet tooth, and i absolutely love oatmeal chocolate chip cookies. i tend to bake as a means to cope with stress, and of course, more often then that means making these cookies. after making many iterations, i’ve settled upon this recipe as the ultimate version to which all compare. 	casey bisson: happy d.b. cooper day d.b. cooper day is celebrated on this day, the saturday following thanksgiving, every year. 	peter murray: user behavior access controls at a library proxy server are okay earlier this month, my twitter timeline lit up with mentions of a half-day webinar called cybersecurity landscape - protecting the scholarly infrastructure. what had riled up the people i follow on twitter was the first presentation: “security collaboration for library resource access” by cory roach, the chief information security officer at the university of utah. many of the tweets and articles linked in tweets were about a proposal for a new round of privacy-invading technology coming from content providers as a condition of libraries subscribing to publisher content. one of the voices that i trust was urging caution: i highly recommend you listen to the talk, which was given by a university cio, and judge if this is a correct representation. fwiw, i attended the event and it is not what i took away.— lisa janicke hinchliffe (@lisalibrarian) november , as near as i can tell, much of the debate traces back to this article: scientific publishers propose installing spyware in university libraries to protect copyrights - coda story https://t.co/rtcokiukbf— open access tracking project (@oatp) november , the article describes cory’s presentation this way: one speaker proposed a novel tactic publishers could take to protect their intellectual property rights against data theft: introducing spyware into the proxy servers academic libraries use to allow access to their online services, such as publishers’ databases. the “spyware” moniker is quite scary. it is what made me want to seek out the recording from the webinar and hear the context around that proposal. my understanding (after watching the presentation) is that the proposal is not nearly as concerning. although there is one problematic area—the correlation of patron identity with requested urls—overall, what is described is a sound and common practice for securing web applications. to the extent that it is necessary to determine a user’s identity before allowing access to licensed content (an unfortunate necessity because of the state of scholarly publishing), this is an acceptable proposal. (through the university communications office, corey published a statement about the reaction to his talk.) in case you didn’t know, a web proxy server ensures the patron is part of the community of licensed users, and the publisher trusts requests that come through the web proxy server. the point of cory’s presentation is that the username/password checking at the web proxy server is a weak form of access control that is subject to four problems: phishing (sending email to tricking a user into giving up their username/password) social engineering (non-email ways of tricking a user into giving up their username/password) credential reuse (systems that are vulnerable because the user used the same password in more than one place) hactivism (users that intentionally give out their username/password so others can access resources) right after listing these four problems, cory says: “but anyway we look at it, we can safely say that this is primarily a people problem and the technology alone is not going to solve that problem. technology can help us take reasonable precautions… so long as the business model involves allowing access to the data that we’re providing and also trying to protect that same data, we’re unlikely to stop theft entirely.” his proposal is to place “reasonable precautions” in the web proxy server as it relates to the campus identity management system. this is a slide from his presentation: slide from presentation by cory roach i find this layout (and lack of labels) somewhat confusing, so i re-imagined the diagram as this: revised 'modern library design' the core of cory’s presentation is to add predictive analytics and per-user blocking automation to the analysis of the log files from the web proxy server and the identity management server. by doing so, the university can react quicker to compromised usernames and passwords. in fact, it could probably do so more quicker than the publisher could do with its own log analysis and reporting back to the university. where cory runs into trouble is this slide: slide from presentation by cory roach in this part of the presentation, cory describes the kinds of patron-identifying data that the university could-or-would collect and analyze to further the security effort. in search engine optimization, these sorts of data points are called “signals” and are used to improve the relevance of search results; perhaps there is an equivalent term in access control technology. but for now, i’ll just call them “signals”. there are some problems in gathering these signals—most notably the correlation between user identity and “urls requested”. in the presentation, he says: “you can also move over to behavioral stuff. so it could be, you know, why is a pharmacy major suddenly looking up a lot of material on astrophysics or why is a medical professional and a hospital suddenly interested in internal combustion. things that just don’t line up and we can identify fishy behavior.” it is core to the library ethos that we make our best effort to not track what a user is interested in—to not build a profile of a user’s research unless they have explicitly opted into such data collection. as librarians, we need to gracefully describe this professional ethos and work that into the design of the systems used on campus (and at the publishers). still, there is much to be said for using some of the other signals to analyze whether a particular request is from an authorized community member. for instance, cory says: “we commonly see this user coming in from the us and today it’s coming in from botswana. you know, has there been enough time that they could have traveled from the us to botswana and actually be there? have they ever access resources from that country before is there residents on record in that country?” the best part of what cory is proposing is that the signals’ storage and processing is at the university and not at the publisher. i’m not sure if cory knew this, but a recent version of ezproxy added a usagelimit directive that builds in some of these capabilities. it can set per-user limits based on the number of page requests or the amount of downloaded information over a specified interval. one wonders if somewhere in oclc’s development queue is the ability to detect ip addresses from multiple networks (geographic detection) and browser differences across a specified interval. still, pushing this up to the university’s identity provider allows for a campus-wide view of the signals…not just the ones coming through the library. also, in designing the system, there needs to be clarity about how the signals are analyzed and used. i think cory knew this as well: “we do have to be careful about not building bias into the algorithms.” yeah, the need for this technology sucks. although it was the tweet to the coda story about the presentation that blew up, the thread of the story goes through techdirt to a tangential paragraph from netzpolitik in an article about germany’s licensing struggle with elsevier. with this heritage, any review of the webinar’s ideas are automatically tainted by the distain the library community in general has towards elsevier. it is reality—an unfortunate reality, in my opinion—that the traditional scholarly journal model has publishers exerting strong copyright protection on research and ideas behind paywalls. (wouldn’t it be better if we poured the anti-piracy effort into improving scholarly communication tools in an open access world? yes, but that isn’t the world we live in.) almost every library deals with this friction by employing a web proxy server as an agent between the patron and the publisher’s content. the netzpolitik article says: …but relies on spyware in the fight against „cybercrime“ of course, sci-hub and other shadow libraries are a thorn in elsevier’s side. since they have existed, libraries at universities and research institutions have been much less susceptible to blackmail. their staff can continue their research even without a contract with elsevier. instead of offering transparent open access contracts with fair conditions, however, elsevier has adopted a different strategy in the fight against shadow libraries. these are to be fought as „cybercrime“, if necessary also with technological means. within the framework of the „scholarly networks security initiative (snsi)“, which was founded together with other large publishers, elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled „cybersecurity landscape – protecting the scholarly infrastructure“*, hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data („develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies“). with the help of an „analysis engine“, not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used—if not primarily—against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub. the other commentary that i saw was along similar lines: [is the snsi the new prism? bjoern.brembs.blog](http://bjoern.brembs.net/ / /is-the-snsi-the-new-prism/) [academics band together with publishers because access to research is a cybercrime chorasimilarity](https://chorasimilarity.wordpress.com/ / / /academics-band-together-with-publishers-because-access-to-research-is-a-cybercrime/) [whois behind snsi &amp; getftr? motley marginalia](https://csulb.edu/~ggardner/ / / /snsi-getftr/) let’s face it: any friction beyond follow-link-to-see-pdf is more friction than a researcher deserves. i doubt we would design a scholarly communication system this way were we to start from scratch. but the system is built on centuries of evolving practice, organizations, and companies. it really would be a better world if we didn’t have to spend time and money on scholarly publisher paywalls. and i’m grateful for the open access efforts that are pivoting scholarly communications into an open-to-all paradigm. that doesn’t negate the need to provide better options for content that must exist behind a paywall. so what is this snsi thing? the webinar where cory presented was the first mention i’d seen of a new group called the scholarly networks security initiative (snsi). snsi is the latest in a series of publisher-driven initiatives to reduce the paywall’s friction for paying users or library patrons coming from licensing institutions. getftr (my thoughts) and seamless access (my thoughts). (disclosure: i’m serving on two working groups for seamless access that are focused on making it possible for libraries to sensibly and sanely integrate the goals of seamless access into campus technology and licensing contracts.) interestingly, while the seamless access initiative is driven by a desire to eliminate web proxy servers, this snsi presentation upgrades a library’s web proxy server and makes it a more central tool between the patron and the content. one might argue that all access on campus should come through the proxy server to benefit from this kind of access control approach. it kinda makes one wonder about the coordination of these efforts. still, snsi is on my radar now, and i think it will be interesting to see what the next events and publications are from this group. 	coral sheldon-hess: the online unconference of niche interests if you’re looking for a fun and educational thing to do this weekend, you might consider attending the second quarterly(??) online unconference of niche interests (“ouni” for short), scheduled to run from pm until a bit after pm eastern standard time, this sunday, november . we have a set of volunteer presenters who will each talk for up to minutes about a niche topic they’re into. sign up here if you’re interested in this or future ounis, and we’ll send you a link to the zoom session, the talk schedule, and the discord chat space.* you are welcome to drop in and out of the zoom, if there are only a few talks that interest you; of course, you’re also invited/encouraged to stay the whole time! our list of topics for this sunday: knitting but scarymaking herbal salvesfanfiction: the sometimes sensational world of transformative fictionmagnificent moose: animal, culture and representationall the fair diceglass sponges: delicate alienspost office trivia you will enjoy, and a plug for writing letters and postcards the schedule, with full session descriptions, is here. i know, i didn’t ever actually blog about the first online unconference of niche interests, sorry. the recordings we have permission to share are on this playlist, though. (yes, the one about owls was me. :)) topics not in the playlist included adaptive clothing, birdwatching, capture the flag (security games), octagon houses, and approval voting. i mention the previous list of topics in the hopes that they give you ideas. :) we do already have - talks pre-proposed for the next ouni, which is very exciting! the form for talk submissions is open now, and we’ll schedule the third ouni around the availability of presenters. if we get more talks than will fit in a nice - hour block (with breaks!), we’ll do community voting to decide which ones run. or we’ll schedule multiple weekends in a row? whatever, this whole thing is designed to be flexible and fun, and if we’re going to err, i’d really prefer to err on the side of including more people, not fewer. * we promise not to share your email address or to use it for anything except ouni announcements. (“we” is my spouse and me. i don’t foresee other volunteers needing email address access, but if this thing grows, i promise we’ll continue to be cautious and opt-in with everything.) note: the featured image on this post appears to have made its first appearance online at dudecraft.com (which is currently throwing a security error, so i won’t link it); it appears unattributed in many other places, though. 	mita williams: weeknote ( ) § first off is this recommended read from the november th issue of the new yorker, the rise and fall of getting things done by cal ‘deep work’ newport. as newport himself describes his work, it’s not, however, really about david allen’s productivity system, which longtime readers (and listeners) know i really admire. it’s instead about a deeper question that i hadn’t heard discussed much before: why do we leave office workers to figure out on their own how to get things done?with the notable exception of agile software development teams, companies in this sector largely leave decisions about how work is assigned, reviewed, and organized up to individuals. we promulgate clear objectives and construct motivating corporate cultures, but when it comes to actually executing these tasks, we just hook everyone up to an email address or slack channel and tell them to rock and roll. this has led to a culture of overload and fragmented attention that makes everyone involved miserable. i don’t want to spoil the conclusions of this article, but i will tip you off that i’m filling this article away in my notebook about visualizing workflow. § i discovered this work from carl’s e-alert newsletter, thinking politically about scholarly infrastructure (a.j. boston, lpc blog – fellows journal, november ). parts of it hit a little too close to home for my liking… i’m sure i’m being unfair in my stance. to capture a diverse constituency, a big-tent approach can be effective. compromise can cause cynicism about our politics, but sometimes a little progress can be better than a lot of regression. that’s the story i’ve told myself, at least, while making my daily compromise as a scholcomm librarian who manages our elsevier-owned institutional repository service, digital commons. my school contracted with bepress (then an independent company) shortly before hiring me to manage it, and my values felt fully aligned as i made the pitch across campus to deposit green oa manuscripts there. but that feeling changed with the announcement of elsevier acquiring bepress in august (mackenzie, ).since , the digital commons service hasn’t worsened, but the premise that many customers initially bought into, of supporting an independent platform in the scholarly communication ecosystem, has eroded. and what do people do when they face a deterioration of goods and services? for a.o. hirschman ( ), there are three choices (which later scholars have revised upon): exit, voice, and loyalty. in my case, exit seems out of the question: a diverse constituency of groups on my campus have now integrated the software, and a swap would be overly-costly and damage relationships in the process. i don’t know whether i’d categorize what i am doing now as voice or loyalty, but what i do know is that there is a strong glimmer of recognition when sen. harris walks her fracking-issue tightrope, or when grant-funding institutions rock the boat just lightly enough that it doesn’t risk a capsize. § also from aforementioned e-alert, aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation (p. anderson, publishing perspectives, november )after a -year fight, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center have declined to pursue any further appeals in their lawsuit against georgia state university regarding their reliance on fair use in making materials available via e-reserves. read more @pubperspectives  i used to refer to the georgia state e-reserves case as an example of selective enforcement of copyright by publishers in which educational use of works behind an authentication system was vigorously challenged in court, while rampant open distribution of works under copyright via academia.edu and researchgate was ignored for years. § i only read the headline and the abstract of this article but i am sharing it anyway because i liked the conclusion that tyler cowan [ht] drew from it: open access improves the quality of citations. § earlier this week hugh rundle published a blog post called empathy daleks that gave me life: her studies indicate that diversifying the authors, perspectives, representations and examples in standard textbooks is not simply “more inclusive” or “just” in an abstract way (though that would be good anyway). students who feel they belong — who feel validated as members or potential members of a profession or academic discipline — are more likely to succeed and complete their degrees. that is, lambert suggests that diversifying the authors and even the examples or hypothetical actors in university textbooks by itself has a positive effect on completion rates, engagement, and student satisfaction with courses. amy nusbaum shows in a recent article that oer is an effective way to accelerate this, because with licenses allowing “remixing” of content the examples used within open textbooks can be updated to suit local needs without having to rewrite the entire text….but it was lambert uttering the magic words about diverse texts improving “student success” that suddenly felt quite subversive. to understand why, we need to interrogate what universities usually mean when they talk about “student success”, and particularly the infrastructures universities have been building around it.hugh rundle, empathy daleks, november , and on that note… i liked this tweet about university rankings some days ago. "none of these ‘flagship’ rankings considered #openaccess, equality, diversity, sustainability or other society-focused agendas." https://t.co/am ctepuom— peter suber (@petersuber) november , speaking of society-focused agendas, while i was doing some of the more rote collection development tasks this week (reviewing lists of duplicate titles, finding missing titles that were of need of replacing), i listened to a number of episodes of terry greene’s getting air: the open pedagogy podcast and i enjoyed them very much. i’ve had the pleasure of knowing and spending time with some of the guests on his show and it is such a treat to hear them speak about the careful thought and thoughtful care they put into their work of teaching. 	ed summers: kettle kettle boiling kitchen table two windows daylight reaching leaves kettle boiling   again dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir 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library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows, news 	 this post was written by amanda guzman, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct.  on belonging: there is that decisive moment for me at every academic conference that i’ve ever attended – whether it is one that i frequent regularly (even annually) or one that i’m trying out for the first time like the dlf forum this year – where i’m sketching out my trajectory of movement and negotiating what my belonging might look like in the space. this moment exists in the scanning of the conference program and translating of different panel abstracts. this moment exists in those standstill seconds in the threshold of a panel room as you decide whether to enter or not, perhaps as you notice a familiar or friendly face.  our current pandemic moment has transformed how we collectively gather in profound ways and brought into sharp relief the pre-existing structural social inequities of access. and yet, the decisive moment of my new belonging in the space of the dlf forum was from a distance, and yet was not solitary beginning with a wave of introductions among first-time attendees and offers by long-time forum-goers of support on slack and extending to the generosity of time, experience, and transparency offered to me by my dlf mentor, maggie mccready in our zoom conversations. the decisive moment ultimately resolved, as i left the metaphorical door threshold to take a seat, during dr. stacy patton’s keynote as she seamlessly moved between commentary on national news, archival text, pedagogical practice and her own powerful personal narrative of coming to belong in spaces not made for her experience and of coming to build new spaces of belonging.  activating the archive by reframing history as practice: one of the most compelling interventions that dr. patton articulated in her keynote speech was a call for the dlf community to reframe their implicit understanding of history not only as a physical archive of a material past but also as an active departure point for our contemporary reorientation and empowerment. interweaving meaning and purpose across institutional case-studies, she referred to the concept of “historical touchstones” that present us with “context, guidance, and perspective” that have the analytical potential to ground our experience in the positionalities as a “keeper of knowledge” with a “traditional role of being…guide” to students.     keepers of knowledge: this proposal of mobilizing history towards how we critically approach our present-day practice in the field echoed throughout the subsequent forum presentations and was especially materialized for me in the citational acts of emphasizing a theoretical focus on an ethics of care. in the “combo session: implementing responsible workflows and practices,” ethics of care was centered in an appreciation for “relationships with uneven power relations,” a methodological re-framing of both those actors who study and those communities who are studied as equal “independent rational subjects” and a researcher responsibility to identify the multi-faceted capacity of archival work to inflict harm. this work was discussed, for example, with the case-study of the archival process at the university of california, berkeley for selecting indigenous cultural material for digitization and if to be digitized, under what terms of public access. in other words, professional ways of working were recast beyond the technicalities of how archival material may be best processed and digitally preserved to include and more importantly, to privilege a recognition of academic histories of community extraction and an opportunity for academic futures of more collaborative, equitable workflows.   student guides: building on this important reflection on institutional practices, the us latino dh panel entitled, “recovering the past, creating the future” brought the historically based practice conversation into the context of the undergraduate classroom. during their presentation, i was reminded of dr. patton’s earlier caution that digital work could not be the “end all be all” (even among undergraduates who are often thought to be “digital natives”) given how it is “alien to flow of time…nuances” and “abbreviates how we understand things”.  presenters carolina villarroel, gabriela baeza ventura, lorena gauthereau and linda garcia merchant accepted the challenge and outlined a pedagogical design that built a student theoretical consciousness of the silences inherent in archival representations of the human experience and equipped students methodologically through programs like omeka to emerge as digital storytellers of new stories. moreover, the presenters destabilized the curatorial authority of collection-holding institutions by decolonizing where and how we locate archives with models such as post-custodial archives (describing archival management in which the community maintains physical custody of material records) and migrant archives. both panels therefore expanded the boundaries of what constitutes archival practice – in terms of how we keep existing knowledge and how we teach knowledge production – by expanding what we care for to who we care with. at the close:             aliya reich, program manager for conferences and events at the digital library federation, remarked at the start of the forum that the goal of our gathering was “building community while apart”.  joy banks, program officer at the council on library and information resources, responded on slack to a participant struggling with the digital conference platform that “there is no behind this year”.  together, their words bring me – in concert with dr. patton’s keynote assertion of our roles as “guardians of the past and present” and “architects of the future” – that we the practitioners – our bodies, communities, experiences, professional practices and all – are directly implicated in the work that we do every day to record and to preserve. that work does not and cannot exist in isolation from the privilege and marginalization of our lived realities whether in terms of arts funding austerity to ongoing national social justice movements. the archive is a product in large part of human decision-making. we as a community can be reflective in practice with data justice over data ethics models that recognize the source of power and aim to dismantle structural power differentials. we as a community can choose to accept complexity of human behavior and spectrum thinking over binary dichotomies. we as a community can participate in mission-driven archiving in the present that supports restorative justice of the past – by upholding archival protocols that prioritize dignity and respect towards underrepresented, vulnerable communities who have and continue to endure systematic trauma. in building a community while apart we can ask who is and where is the community; the answer is in but also and perhaps in some cases more importantly, beyond our conference panel rooms.  	related 	 	 	 	 read more &media="> 	 read more "> 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir none software development at royal danish library software development at royal danish library a peekhole into the life of the software development department at the royal danish library 	which type bug? a light tale of bug hunting an out of memory problem with solrcloud. the setup and the problem at the royal danish library we provide full text search for the danish netarchive. the heavy lifting is done in a single &# ; continue reading &# ; 	touching encouraged (an ongoing story) ongoing experiments with a large touch screen providing access to cultural heritage material continue reading &# ; 	docvalues jump tables in lucene/solr lucene/solr is about to be released. among a lot of other things is brings lucene- , written by your truly with a heap of help from adrien grand. lucene- introduces jump-tables for docvalues, is all about performance and brings speed-ups &# ; continue reading &# ; 	faster docvalues in lucene/solr + this is a fairly technical post explaining lucene- and its implications on lucene, solr and (qualified guess) elasticsearch search and retrieval speed. it is primarily relevant for people with indexes of m+ documents. teaser we have a solr setup for &# ; continue reading &# ; 	prebuild big data word vec dictionaries                    prebuild and trained word vec dictionaries ready for use two different prebuild big data word vec dictionaries has been added to loar (library open access repository) for download. these dictionaries are build from the text of , e-books from project gutenberg &# ; continue reading &# ; 	solrwayback software bundle has been released the solrwayback software bundle can be used to search and playback archived webpages in warc format. it is an out of the box solution with index workflow, solr and tomcat webserver and a free text search interface with playback functionality. &# ; continue reading &# ; 	visualising netarchive harvests &# ; an overview of website harvest data is important for both research and development operations in the netarchive team at det kgl. bibliotek. in this post we present a recent frontend visualisation widget we have made. from the solrwayback machine &# ; continue reading &# ; 	solrwayback machine another &# ;google innovation week&# ; at work has produced the solrwayback machine. it works similar to the internet archive: wayback machine (https://archive.org/web/) and can be used to show harvested web content (warc files).  the danish internet archive has over billion harvested &# ; continue reading &# ; 	juxta – image collage with metadata creating large collages of images to give a bird&# ;s eye view of a collection seems to be gaining traction. two recent initiatives: the new york public library has a very visually pleasing presentation of public domain digitizations, but with a &# ; continue reading &# ; 	automated improvement of search in low quality ocr using word vec this abstract has been accepted for digital humanities in the nordic countries nd conference, http://dhn .eu/ in the danish newspaper archive[ ] you can search and view million newspaper pages. the search engine[ ] uses ocr (optical character recognition) from scanned pages &# ; continue reading &# ; uwindsor apologizes to black student after review shows it mishandled his assault complaint | cbc news skip to main content menu search search quick links 	news 	sports 	radio 	music 	listen live 	tv 	watch 	covid- 	local updates 	watch live 	covid- tracker 	subscribe to newsletter 	 	top stories 	local 	the national 	opinion 	world 	canada 	politics 	indigenous 	business 	health 	entertainment 	tech & science 	cbc news investigates 	go public 	shows 	about cbc news windsor·exclusiveuwindsor apologizes to black student after review shows it mishandled his assault complaint uwindsor's mishandling of jordan afolabi's complaint shows 'deeply rooted systemic racism' say faculty and afolabi. social sharing jordan afolabi says his case was mishandled because of anti-black racism cbc news · posted: dec , : am et | last updated: december university of windsor student jordan afolabi says race was a factor in how his complaint following an on-campus fight was handled. (chris ensing/cbc)the university of windsor has privately apologized to a black student and is reviewing discipline policies after an independent adjudicator found that senior administration mishandled the student's complaint about a fight on campus, a lengthy ordeal that has sparked outrage among students and faculty members on campus. adjudicator bruce elman wrote that investigators with the university made "serious procedural errors" and took an "unacceptable amount of time" handling jordan afolabi's complaint. afolabi was banned from campus by the university during the investigation, while the other student, later deemed to be the aggressor in the fight, was allowed to continue attending classes. the university of windsor is reviewing their disciplinary procedures after banning a black student from campus following a fight. (chris ensing/cbc) deciding on whether anti-black racism factored into jordan afolabi's treatment was beyond elman's expertise, he wrote, but noted afolabi was treated "in stark contrast" compared to the student he was defending himself against. in his june report, elman said that "may be attributable to a sincere concern for someone who has been physically injured...or it may be product of sub-conscious racial profiling and stereotyping." afolabi, currently enrolled in the university's law school, believes that the way senior administration treated him during and after the complaint process was motivated by race and that the experience has left him feeling that "the black student community is not safe" on campus. this week, associate vice-president of student experience ryan flannagan was asked to leave his position at the university - a position that oversaw the department charged with investigating afolabi's complaint. 	some students dissatisfied with uwindsor's anti-black racism initiatives the university has not tied his departure to any specific incidents on campus.  "ryan has been asked to leave his role in  order to support the university's efforts to rebuild trust and make the meaningful changes necessary to be safer, more inclusive, and more equitable," wrote a spokesperson for the university.  flannagan declined to comment on elman's decision when reached by cbc news while he was still with the university.  afolabi's case is one of a series of incidents at the university of windsor that have students and faculty demanding actions to address anti-black racism on campus, including multiple professors using the n-word during courses, threats of violence against black students by a fraternity, and a statement following george floyd's murder that left students disappointed. in elman's decision, he cited issues with the office of student experience.  one day after university of windsor president robert gordon used the start of a virtual town hall to apologize for his initial response to the death of george floyd, the school released a four-point action plan for tackling anti-black racism on campus. (university of windsor) in a response sent to cbc news thursday, the university declined to further discuss this case, citing an on-going, third-party investigation. it acknowledged that it needs to do work to "foster safer, more inclusive, welcoming, and anti-racist communities on our campus" and also outlined actions already underway to hire black faculty members, offer grants for black students and faculty, and "building a race-based data collection process." the apology a university investigation ultimately found afolabi acted in self-defence during a fight with another student in february .  university president robert gordon apologized for how afolabi's complaint was handled in a private correspondence sent june , the day after elman's decision was signed. the apology for procedural errors was recommended by elman. 	some students and faculty outraged after uwindsor prof uses n-word during class "professor elman's decision points to a number of failings in how your complaint was handled and alerts us all to the serious problem and potential for racial profiling and anti-black racism in decision making," wrote gordon in a letter sent to afolabi. "in this respect i want to go beyond professor elman's recommendations and offer my apology for any aspect of your treatment by the university in which these factors may have played a role." afolabi said he believes anti-black racism played a role in how his complaint was handled.  "i think it (being black) had a lot more to do with it than i certainly wanted to believe," said afolabi. the initial altercation took place in february at the odette building at the university of windsor. (chris ensing/cbc) in a letter sent to university of windsor president robert gordon and which was shared with cbc news, a group of faculty members and staff describe the way afolabi's case was handled as "indicative of deeply rooted systemic racism that continues to pervade the university of windsor." the fight on feb.  , afolabi was running late for a class at the odette building on campus. when he opened a door it struck another student. that student pushed afolabi. afolabi then threw punches at the other student, which the investigator hired by the university said was likely to protect further injuring his back.  while both students complained about the other for the same fight through the university of windsor's student non-academic misconduct policy, the other student was free to use the campus as they liked. afolabi, however, was banned from campus days after meeting with academic integrity and student conduct officer danieli arbex. arbex has not responded to a request for comment from cbc news.  "the consequences of this were dramatic," wrote elman in his decision. watch afolabi describe the impact a campus wide ban had on him what afolabi would like to see the university do next cbc news windsor days agovideo : jordan afolabi believes there are actions the university could take now to help build a more inclusive campus. : afolabi couldn't attend classes on campus, wasn't able to continue with on-campus medical appointments.  "i begged the university… just let me see the doctor," a request the university denied, according to afolabi. "a few days later, my appendix ruptured and i was rushed to the hospital." a decision, a complaint in july, afolabi and the other student were told through a letter from associate vice-president of student experience ryan flannagan that the complaint against afolabi would be dismissed because the other student "had been the aggressor and that mr. afolabi's response was justified in the circumstances of the case," writes elman in his decision. afolabi continued to pursue his complaint against the other student and how the university was handling it. 	university of windsor denounces fraternity after hateful messages in private chat group revealed "i spoke of human rights violations. i spoke of procedural violations and breaches of confidentiality, major ethical issues that should elicit a serious response from any institution that's ethically grounded." the campus bans lifted, he returned multiple times to the office of student experience and assumption hall to get an update on his complaint. during one visit, afolabi was stopped by a receptionist at the university of windsor in assumption hall, when he tried to get an update on his complaint in person.  afolabi visited assumption hall on campus for an update on his complaint and had police called on him. (chris ensing/cbc) the receptionist called police, alleging that "he's ratting out profs and other students" and that "he's already told me to calm down." afolabi said police were called, and that a trespass order was placed on him, preventing him from visiting assumption hall. he continued to pursue his complaint against the other student, and in november was told by flannagan that the university would not be taking further action. afolabi appealed the decision, which is when elman took over as the adjudicator.  elman is a former dean of the university of windsor's law school and also acts as the integrity commissioner for the city of windsor.  adjudicator bruce elman recommended that the university apologise to afolabi. (chris ensing/cbc) elman wrote the days it took to issue a decision on the complaint filed by afolabi "is an unacceptable amount of time," adding that this was a "uni-directional investigation" targeting afolabi that "is not necessarily adequate when there are adversaries in an assault offering different versions of fact." he also found that procedures were not followed properly because neither student was offered the proper form to fill out to document their complaint by the university.  those forms would have been presented to the other student, allowing for each student to defend themselves against the others' claims, wrote elman. "it must be said that mr. afolabi sees the actions of the dr. arbex, mr. flannagan, and the ose as being based primarily upon racial discrimination and bias against black students," wrote elman.  he wrote that it was not his expertise to determine if afolabi being black played a factor in his treatment.  "one cannot help but be concerned, however, when one examines, even in a cursory fashion, the orders of exclusion against mr. afolabi," wrote elman, referring to the campus ban placed on afolabi.  "this is in stark contrast to the deep concern expressed for (the other student). this deviation in response may be attributable to a sincere concern for someone who has been physically injured - our empathy naturally flows to them - or it may be product of sub-conscious racial profiling and stereotyping."  afolabi said elman's decision created conflicting emotions for him. "it was validating when that came out. it was enraging, too," he said. "i think that says a lot about what the differences are and what the factors are that are playing. and it's hard to not say race." watch afolabi explain how he'd like the campus to address anti-black racism on campus why afolabi is continuing his education at the university cbc news windsor days agovideo : jordan afolabi says he wants to be part of the group that creates change on campus to help end anti-black racism. : cbc news requested an interview with robert gordon, president of the university of windsor, through director of public affairs and communications john coleman. "the university is unable to discuss this issue as it deals with confidential student matters, as well as associated personnel  issues." "this process was meant to be confidential, and the university is respecting that process." the university of windsor has committed to a series of initiatives to address anti-black racism on campus, including a dedicated anti-black racism task force, that have been criticized by some students and faculty. dozens of student groups, like the black law students association canada, university of windsor student association, shkawbewisag student law society have all signed public letters of support for afoliab over the course of the last two years.  a coalition of faculty members at the university of windsor that goes by researchers, academics, advocates of colour for equity in solidarity (raaces) signed a letter sent to gordon calling the university's treatment of afolabi "a blatant example of what anti-black racism is: an assumption based on race that blackness equates with danger and is deserving of punishment." "we view the university's treatment of jordan afolabi as an incident that has not happened in isolation. rather, it is part of a pervasive pattern of institutional and deeply embedded systemic racism." afolabi said he wants to see the collection of racialized data, termination of several of those named in the report, including arbex, as well as gordon, and better representation at the senior administration levels. the university said in its thursday statement that it will: 	hire black faculty members "by the hiring cycle." 	offer more than $ , in grants for black students and faculty. 	review its "equity, diversity and inclusion practise, procedures and infrastructure. 	build a race-based data collection process, but did not provide a timeline. afolabi hopes to be part of the change on campus as he continues his studies as a law student.  "i started working to fix this place. i really did. i put my heart and soul into it for the past year," said afolabi, who remembers the long nights during this process with family and friends by his side. "it seemed to me a cowardly choice to dip to go to another school. it seemed to me, that's running away from our problems. and i really think it's important to confront your problems and run toward them if you can." for more stories about the experiences of black canadians — from anti-black racism to success stories within the black community — check out being black in canada, a cbc project black canadians can be proud of. you can read more stories here. (cbc) cbc's journalistic standards and practices|about cbc news report typo or error related stories 	 calls to defund windsor police surface amidst anti-black racism protests 	 hide your last name, keep quiet in class: uwindsor panel talks anti-black racism on campuses footer links my account 	profile 	cbc gem 	newsletters connect with cbc 	facebook 	twitter 	youtube 	instagram 	mobile 	rss 	podcasts contact cbc 	submit feedback 	help centre audience relations, cbc p.o. box station a toronto, on canada, m w e toll-free (canada only): - - - tty/teletype writer: - - - about cbc 	corporate info 	sitemap 	reuse & permission 	terms of use 	privacy 	jobs 	our unions 	independent producers 	political ads registry 	adchoices services 	ombudsman 	public appearances 	commercial services 	cbc shop 	doing business with us 	renting facilities accessibility it is a priority for cbc to create a website that is accessible to all canadians including people with visual, hearing, motor and cognitive challenges. closed captioning and described video is available for many cbc shows offered on cbc gem. 	about cbc accessibility 	accessibility feedback 	 	© cbc/radio-canada. all rights reserved. 	visitez radio-canada.ca now samvera samvera 	save the date for samvera virtual connect mark your calendar for samvera virtual connect !tuesday, april &# ; wednesday, april ,   : am &# ; : pm edt / : am – : am pdt / : - : bst / : - : utc watch for more information coming in early including a call for program committee participation and a call for proposals. the post save the date for samvera virtual connect appeared first on samvera. 	developer resources: bug hunting in hyrax; adding blacklight advanced search to hyku bess sadler from notch has created two excellent guides that may be helpful to developers working in hyrax or hyku applications: bug hunting in hyrax: a well-documented process for finding a bug in a hyrax application adding blacklight_advanced_search to hyku: a how-to guide for adding blacklight advanced search to a hyku application have you or... read more &# ; the post developer resources: bug hunting in hyrax; adding blacklight advanced search to hyku appeared first on samvera. 	fedora alpha release available for download and testing fedora . alpha- is now available for download and testing. the primary goals for fedora are robust migration support, enhanced digital preservations features, and improved performance and scale. the fedora team will ask the samvera community for testing assistance when the full version is available in early . in the meantime, you can learn... read more &# ; the post fedora alpha release available for download and testing appeared first on samvera. 	samvera tech : a beginner-friendly overview of samvera samvera connect on-line included an excellent, beginner-friendly overview of “samvera tech ” presented by alisha evans and shana moore, software engineers at notch . evans has turned this presentation into a blog post walking through the technologies used in the samvera community. check out the post on the notch blog: samvera tech the post... read more &# ; the post samvera tech : a beginner-friendly overview of samvera appeared first on samvera. 	samvera connect presentations if you are not one of the + people who registered to enjoy samvera connect on-line, or if you are but missed a session you wanted to see, links to the recordings and session slide packs are being added to the samvera wiki here. our grateful thanks to all the organizers and speakers who... read more &# ; the post samvera connect presentations appeared first on samvera. 	things are already happening for samvera connect! samvera connect ‘proper’ is a little over a week away but the poster exhibition is now available here!  there is a slack channel #connect-posters for asynchronous comment or discussion and each presenter has a minute video conferencing slot monday th – wednesday st october for live discussion.  see sched for details.  need a slack... read more &# ; the post things are already happening for samvera connect! appeared first on samvera. 	samvera connect on-line is nearly here! samvera&# ;s annual connect conference has gone virtual this year, like so many others.  nevertheless, we&# ;ve put together an exciting program of workshops, presentations, posters and community social events that we hope will make up for not being able to meet in person.  the main events are on friday / and monday &# ; thursday / &# ;... read more &# ; the post samvera connect on-line is nearly here! appeared first on samvera. 	connect on-line calls for proposals open the program committee for samvera connect on-line is pleased to announce its call for proposals (cfp) of workshops, presentations and lightning talks. as in the past, our goal is to serve the needs of attendees from an ever-widening range of experience and background (potential adopters, new adopters, expert samverans; developers, managers, sysops, metadata librarians,... read more &# ; the post connect on-line calls for proposals open appeared first on samvera. 	samvera community manager samvera is hiring for its inaugural community manager.  we are seeking a highly organized individual who wants to join this grass-roots, open source community that creates best in class repository solutions for digital content stewarded by libraries, archives, and museums.  we are a vibrant and welcoming community of information and technology professionals who share challenges,... read more &# ; the post samvera community manager appeared first on samvera. 	connect on-line save the dates!  replacing our covid-cancelled fall conference, we are pleased to announce that samvera connect on-line will take place as follows: thursday nd october will be an on-line workshops day. friday rd october will be our &# ;plenary&# ; sessions. monday th &# ; wednesday th will feature our wide range of presentations. the plenary and... read more &# ; the post connect on-line appeared first on samvera. dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by arabeth balasko, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms. she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win! the dawn of the great archival shift over centuries, archives and archivists have been heralded as the keepers, the stewards of records, stories, and collective memory. however, at times this stewardship has come from a place of exclusion, centered heavily around white, english-speaking experiences. countless stories, memories, and events have been omitted from the larger historical narrative or have been rewritten from a skewed perspective. now (and unfortunately for centuries) racism and police brutality has permeated our country’s history. lack of racial equity has led to whitewashed and white supremacy-based collection policies that are geared towards uplifting and showcasing one-sided narratives, while often overlooking, overwriting, and suppressing contributions and accolades of black, indigenous, and people of color. so many times, it is easier for folks in the glam sectors to claim neutrality, to leave it to the next generation, to look the other way, and focus only on the past and occasionally, the present. from being overworked, under-supported, and oftentimes misunderstood, archivists have grown tired, and with tiredness comes apathy. other times it is simply not knowing what to do and/or not having the “authority” to make actual changes in an organization. this too leads to burnout, turnover, and once again, apathy. the humanities profession’s lack of diversity and equity has engrained a culture of dysfunction in several of the glam organizations across the country. during the dlf forum, it was apparent that i was not the only person who felt this way. several of the sessions focused on how to become a more proactive, mindful, and accountable steward, while also taking care of your own mental health and well-being. from practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques, to reflecting upon language choices in metadata and/or finding aids, to reviewing your institution’s digitally available content for equity and inclusiveness; this conference truly spoke to my soul in many different ways. however, during the conference, one overarching question that i continued asking myself was – “how can i, as an archivist, ensure that all folks feel represented in an archive? is this possible?” upon a week’s reflection and allowing myself some time to digest the rich information and ideas posed during these diverse sessions, i came to reframe my question as, “what can we as archivists do to support the fight for archival equity?” in my opinion, one big step archival repositories and the archivists in those repositories can take is to not promote the idea of neutrality. oftentimes, archives can shy away from hard histories, hard conversations – they can minimize hurts, and maximize virtues, but i feel that is a misstep. history is ugly, sad, beautiful, heartwarming, heartbreaking, and real. it happened. you cannot change that. but you can work to showcase how it happened, why it happened, and help reshape it for today’s generation through modernized lenses. by uplifting the stories and voices of bipoc folks, which have traditionally been omitted from the collected narrative for centuries, and reinterpreting and reclaiming the stories of those lost, overwritten, and marginalized throughout history, archival repositories can truly become beacons of change throughout the glam sectors. many folks, especially those who identify as bipoc, feel they are not represented in an archive – or if they are, their stories and experiences have been retold without their voice, their input, or their permission. as an archivist it is so important to work to build relationships and connections with communities and foster and tend to those relationships over the years. so many times, archival organizations take on collections, sign deeds of gift, and then the relationship ends. i think this is a huge misstep for any archival repository. by investing in communities – communities will invest in you. with each new generation comes new opportunities to promote equity and accountability throughout archival repositories. each generation of archivists should be reflecting and reevaluating how stories are (and traditionally have been) collected, maintained, presented, and made (or not made) accessible. i cannot tell you how many times i have worked with patrons, students, and volunteers, who have expressed to me that they feel that they are not represented, they are not “seen” amongst the archival collections they are exploring. it truly breaks my heart, and it means that we, as archival professionals are falling short, and we need to do better and be better for all users. i feel that inclusivity is key to create a well-rounded narrative, where users/patrons/researchers/etc. can “see themselves” reflected in the archives and collections. it has been my experience that when someone feels invested in and has input to how they are being represented, there is a higher propensity for folks to champion for the survival and continuation of an archive. by getting community members and groups invested in telling their story, identifying themselves in their own way and own language/words, and by not leaving it up to the archivist to make assumptions, collections that are taken in become more authentic and personal. during this conference, i also reflected a lot on the right to be remembered and the right to be forgotten. nobody owes anyone their story. it is so important for archivists (including myself) to remember that. some stories are too painful for folks to share, some are not ready (and may never be), and some are willing to share it all! no user/donor/patron is alike, and as an archivist, it is important that you do not assign a “predetermined scenario” to each interaction. by creating meaningful relationships, where you are invested in more than just acquiring the “stuff” from the donor, you really can create life-long partnerships, camaraderie, and friendships with users of your repository! archives are not neutral – and they never should be. there is a lot of repair work that needs to be done, and it can be done, it just takes folks who are dedicated to making fundamental changes. i was honestly inspired to find like-minded souls at this conference, and for that, i am hopeful that a great archival shift is on the horizon. it is truly great to see archivists and other humanities professionals in action advocating for change and demanding equity checks and re-evaluation of how things “have always been.” i reflected on the fact that there really are some great opportunities to make proactive changes and create an archive that is more equitable and accessible for all users – an archive of the future. for me, it is all connected – by investing in equity you invest in accessibility – when you invest in communities you have the chance to grow your repository’s stories and collection scope! the archives truly are for everyone! and, as the great tupac shakur says, “you see the old way wasn’t working, so it’s on us to do what we gotta do, to survive.” my hope is that archivists work to make any and all fundamental changes needed, to ensure that an equitable, inclusive, and diverse narrative survives for the future generations to come. 	related 	 	 	 	 read more &media="> 	 read more "> 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir influx library user experience – just another wordpress site 	 contact partner with influx and create delightful experiences for your patrons a few things we do prefab we've already built a great website for your library. ux evaluations what is your library doing well, and what can you improve?  website reviews looking for some expert feedback on your website? get our eyes on it. presentations level up your staff's ux skills. website redesign full service research / design / build and anything in-between. contact hello@weareinflux.com . . be nice and have fun be nice and have fun be nice and have fun × 	 contact outgoing 	 	 		 			 			 	 		 		outgoing 		 			library metadata techniques and trends by thom hickey 		 	 			 				 					 						 							 	 	 		 		 		astronimcal fits images 		 		 now for something a little different: since retiring from oclc i don't do a lot with library metadata, but i've recently had some fun exploring astronomical images, which come with their own data/metadata format fits, the flexible image transport system. everyone that wants to share astronomy data uses fits.  it was developed in the early 's and has a strong fortran flavor in the how the data is stored.  having processed the variable length fields inherent in marc records with fortran i can appreciate the attractiveness of fixed length blocks, arrays of binary data and -byte card images to the engineers/scientists of the time. one of the wonders of our time is all the astronomical work that is being done, and that within a year or two of the observations much of the data is publicly available.  the image at the head of this post came from the hubble legacy archive which has an interface that will allow you to search by name and star catalog numbers, select the type of image you are interested in, and view previews of images before downloading the fits file. of course most of the fun in working with the images is writing some of the code that makes it possible.  there are lots of programs available that will help you look at fits files, such as fits liberator which will 'liberate' fits images into something that photoshop can process.  those are nice, but farther away from bare metal than i like to be.  so i wrote a little program in j that does some rudimentary processing with fits data.  j (download it here) is a slightly obscure (but actively used and maintained) language derived from apl. possibly more accurately j evolved from apl in an effort led by kenneth iverson, the inventor of apl.  while it does take some initial effort to become proficient in array languages such as j, it is remarkable how much can be done in a few characters.  admittedly those few characters may take some deciphering, but so would the much longer code they replace.  in some ways it reminds me of trying to use a new alphabet, such as cyrillic.  at first the script is confusing or actually misleading, but once learned they just become letters.  i got introduced to apl in the late 's when i first joined oclc.  at the time oclc ran on sigma computers from xerox/honeywell.  xerox tried to compete with ibm in the early 's and  apl that was one of the few languages available on sigma machines (in general we did most things in cp-v assembler which was really quite nice).  their apl was clunky and slow and oclc didn't have an apl terminal, but it worked and i used it to do some research into how people were using search keys on the oclc system (not so well!). j can be described as a fusion of apl and backus's fp.  it is open source, easy to install, does not require a special alphabet and the things it can do with arrays are amazing, if not always immediately obvious.  one of the things i like about it is the brevity of the code.  having experimented with compact code in python (z . client on a t-shirt),  it is surprisingly easy to work with dense code because you can see so much of it at once. j does invite a certain amount of points-free coding, a style that confuses me at times, but can be quite elegant. map-reduce, is another style of functional programming that can be difficult at first to get comfortable with, but turns out to be very powerful.  we used map-reduce extensively at oclc, so i came to j with some familiarity of that aspect of the language.  the code that produced the image at the top of the post can be found at github.com/thomasbhickey/jfits.  it consists of about lines of code in two files and has a couple of sample fits image samples as well.  since it is one of my first j programs, i asked the j programming forum to take a look at it, and they came back with a number of suggestions, so most of the clever code probably came from them.  i've tried to keep the code reasonably straightforward so it might be worth a look, but if you are interested in astronomy, it isn't that hard to explore what's available without doing any programming at all.  don't expect the images to look just like the ones you see published, however.  those have had a fair amount of processing (often in photoshop) to tease out the most pleasing parts and suppress many of the instrument artifacts that seem to be in all the images. --th       			 		 		 			 			 				 april , | permalink 									| 					comments ( ) 				 				 			 			 			 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 		frbr and humphry clinker 		 		 some may remember oclc research's work (obsession?) with tobias smollett's the adventures of humphry clinker.  i believe it was ed o'neill that got us started with it, using it as an example of a work with a well defined text (it was smollett's last novel and evidently never revised by him), but with many manifestations since it first appeared in .  it is an important early (picaresque epistolary) novel, and popular through most of the th century. at any rate, we spent quite a bit of time with the bibliographic records in worldcat that describe the various editions of humphry clinker and i recently happened upon a notebook that had printouts of humphry clinker records as they were in worldcat in august of .  the highest oclc number in the group is just under million, and we thought that was a lot (they are now nearing one billion). at any rate, records isn't that many, so i thought it would be interesting to compare them to current worldcat and our frbr work clustering. the first thing that struck me was how old fashioned the records look now.  comparing them to the current records, they have all been touched in some way.  they now have many more subject headings and class numbers, rda fields, typos corrected and quite few have been merged as duplicates. here's a summary of what i found, comparing them to the 'enhanced' version of worldcat used for frbr processing. of the records have been merged into other worldcat records (properly as far as i could tell).  all of the others except one are collected together in one frbr 'work' and linked to the viaf work record http://viaf.org/viaf/ . the one exception turns out to be bound with smollett's peregrine pickle, and so qualifies as a collected work and currently is not linked to either one. in fact, the frbr cluster found an additional records created before august that it considers humprhy clinker.  looking at them, they all either spelled humphry as humphrey, or didn't have the title in english.  evidently i didn't pull in the humphrey clinkers, either by design or oversight.  in fact, back in the 's, our software wasn't sophisticated to find even small spelling variants such as humprhy vs humphrey, much less non-english versions. as part of this retrospective, i pulled all the worldcat records in the current humphry clinker work set: records! i mentioned earlier that all the records appear to have been 'touched' since .  to get some feel for that, i looked at the records' field that shows who modified the record.  the earliest of the records had modifications made to them, half by oclc and half by other libraries.  the earliest in the current sample found almost times that: modifications, of those made by oclc. in contrast, the most recent records added to worldcat have been modified times, all by oclc.  altogether, the current records show , modifications, , of those by oclc. of course, one of the most striking changes that worldcat has undergone since is the addition of metadata in languages other than english.  in fact, of the current humphry clinker records are non-engish descriptions, altogether in different languages: english, german, french, danish, polish, spanish, italian, dutch, catalan, swedish, romanian, hungarian, slovenian, and serbian. looking at the language of the books being described, of the were not in english, not counting the 'undetermined': german, russian, french, hungarian, romanian and danish.  viaf was able to find (or create) non-english expression records. --th the image at the top is by isaac cruikshank from the fine arts museums of san francisco.  			 		 		 			 			 				 february , | permalink 									| 					comments ( ) 				 				 			 			 			 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 		more about justlinks 		 		 we had an earlier post about the 'justlinks' view of viaf clusters, but i thought it would be worthwhile to explore how that can combine with other viaf functionality. first a reminder of how the justlinks view works.  while the default view of clusters to web browsers is the html interface, viaf clusters can be displayed in several ways, including the raw xml, rdf xml, marc- and justlinks json.  here's a request for justlinks.json: http://viaf.org/viaf/ /justlinks.json which returns: { "viafid":" ", "b q":[" "], "bav":["adv "], "bne":["xx "], "bnf":["http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/ /cb "], "dnb":["http://d-nb.info/gnd/ "], "isni":[" x"], "lac":[" g "], "lc":["n "], "lnb":["lnc - "], "n i":["vtls "], "nkc":["js "], "nla":[" "], "nli":[" "], "nlp":["a "], "nsk":[" "], "nta":[" "], "nukat":["vtls "], "ptbnp":[" "], "selibr":[" "], "sudoc":[" "], "wkp":["q "], "xa":[" "], "orcid":["http://orcid.org/ "], "wikipedia":["http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/lorcan_dempsey"]} ralph levan came up with this and we think it is pretty neat!  but wait, it gets even better! each of the ids in this record that is a 'source record' id to viaf (in this case everything except the orcid id and the en.wikipedia uri) can be used to retrieve the cluster.  here's how to pull justlinks.json using the lc id: http://viaf.org/viaf/sourceid/lc|n /justlinks.json https works too: https://viaf.org/viaf/sourceid/nsk| /justlinks.json all the different views of the clusters can be requested either through the explicit uri's shown here, or through http headers, and they in turn can be  combined with sourceid redirection. --th 			 		 		 			 			 				 november , | permalink 									| 					comments ( ) 				 				 			 			 			 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 		extracting information from viaf 		 		 occasionally i run into someone trying to extract information out of viaf and having a difficult time. here's a simple example of how i'd begin extracting titles for a given viaf id.  far from industrial strength, but might get you started. the problem: have a file of viaf ids (one/line).  want a file of the titles, each proceeded by the viaf id of the record they were found in. there are lots of ways to do this, but my inclination is to do it in python (i ran this in version . . ) and to use the raw viaf xml record: from __future__ import print_function import sys, urllib from xml.etree import celementtree as et # reads in list of viaf ids one/line # writes out viafid\ttitle one/line # worry about the name space ns = {'v':'http://viaf.org/viaf/terms#'} ttlpath='v:titles/v:work/v:title' def titlesfromviaf(viafxml, path):     vel = et.fromstring(viafxml)     for el in vel.findall(path, ns):         yield el.text for line in sys.stdin:     viafid = line.strip()     viafurl = 'https://viaf.org/viaf/%s'%viafid     viafxml = urllib.urlopen(viafurl).read()     for ttl in titlesfromviaf(viafxml, ttlpath):       print('%s\t%s'%(viafid, ttl.encode('utf- '))) that's about as short as i could get it and have it readable in this narrow window.  we've been using the new print function (and division!) for some time now, with an eye towards python . --th update . . : cleaned up how namespace is specified 			 		 		 			 			 				 september , | permalink 									| 					comments ( ) 				 				 			 			 			 			 		 	 			 		 			 			 			 				next 					» 			 		 	 	 						 					 					 						 							 	 		 	 	about search   	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		recent posts 		 				astronimcal fits images 	frbr and humphry clinker 	more about justlinks 	extracting information from viaf 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	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference 	december , 	kussmann 	ndsa 	 the ndsa calls for volunteers to join our planning committee for the digital preservation conference. digital preservation (digipres) is the ndsa’s annual conference – open to members and non-members alike – focused on stewardship, curation, and preservation of digital information and cultural heritage. the meeting will take place on november - th in st. louis, missouri, just after the dlf forum.  ndsa is an affiliate of the council on library and information resources (clir) and the digital library federation (dlf), and the digipres conference is held in concert with the annual dlf forum. clir continues to monitor the ongoing covid- pandemic, and after successfully pivoting to a virtual format for , will be making a call on this for by early spring .  planning committee responsibilities include: 	defining a vision for the conference 	crafting and distributing a call for proposals 	reviewing and selecting proposals 	identifying a keynote speaker 	determining the conference schedule 	moderating sessions 	supporting membership through recruitment and mentorship efforts 	collaborating with the dlf forum planning committee on community events, equity and inclusion, and sponsorship opportunities we expect to have monthly group calls from january-november, and this year’s committee will have an exciting opportunity to creatively sustain some of the conveniences and benefits of our virtual platform as we negotiate meeting in person again.  join us by completing this form by friday, january th, and please share widely. we look forward to working with you! tricia patterson, chair jes neal, vice chair/ chair 	related 	conference 	digipres 	ndsa 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir shelley gullikson shelley gullikson usability and user experience in academic libraries. mine mostly. 	web librarians who do ux: access presentation this is the text (approximately) of my presentation from the virtual access conference on oct. , , &# ;web librarians who do ux: we are so sad, we are so very very sad.&# ; last year, i was doing interviews with library people who do user experience work and noticed that people who were primarily focused on the &# ; continue reading web librarians who do ux: access&# ;presentation 	the tpl debacle: values vs people i can’t stop thinking about the situation at tpl. the short version is that the library has accepted a room rental from an anti-trans speaker, and despite outcry from trans people and their allies, despite a petition and a boycott by writers, despite their own policy on room rentals not allowing events that promote discrimination, &# ; continue reading the tpl debacle: values vs&# ;people 	library workers and resilience: more than self-care an article in the globe and mail this spring about resilience was a breath of fresh air—no talk about &# ;grit&# ; or bootstraps or changing your own response to a situation. it was written by michael ungar, the canada research chair in child, family, and community resilience at dalhousie university and leader of the resilience research &# ; continue reading library workers and resilience: more than&# ;self-care 	research projects: call for help i&# ;m on a year-long sabbatical as of july and excited to get started on a few different research projects. for two of the projects, i&# ;m going to need some help from the uxlibs/libux community. in one of them, i want to look at love letters that users have written to academic libraries so i &# ; continue reading research projects: call for&# ;help 	uxlibsv: notes five years of uxlibs &# ; hurrah! let&# ;s dive straight in. barriers to ux design: andy priestner andy kicked off the conference with his address about why he thinks not many of us are moving beyond research reports when it comes to doing ux work in our libraries: we see research as the finish line. ux &# ; continue reading uxlibsv: notes 	website refresh: first round of iterative testing as i mentioned in my last post, we&# ;re doing a design refresh of our library website, with a goal to make it &# ;beautiful.&# ; as such, we&# ;re not touching much of the organization. but of course we have to pay attention to not just how the information is categorized but also where it appears on the &# ; continue reading website refresh: first round of iterative&# ;testing 	user research: beautiful websites? my university librarian has asked for a refresh of the library website. he is primarily concerned with the visual design; although he thinks the site meets the practical needs of our users, he would like it to be &# ;beautiful&# ; as well. eep! i&# ;m not a visual designer. i was a little unsure how to even &# ; continue reading user research: beautiful&# ;websites? 	access : a ux perspective i started my access conference experience with a meetup of library people interested in ux. there were only five of us, but we had good conversations about research ethics boards and ux research, about being a ux team of one, and about some of the projects we&# ;ll be working on in the coming year. &# ; continue reading access : a ux&# ;perspective 	ux from a technical services point of view this the text of a presentation i did last year at the access conference in regina. emma and i had plans to write this up as a paper, but life intervened and that didn&# ;t happen. i wanted to keep some record beyond the video of the presentation, so here it is. this morning i’m going &# ; continue reading ux from a technical services point of&# ;view 	adding useful friction to library ux: ideas from uxlibs workshop participants at this years uxlibs conference, i led a workshop on adding useful friction to the library user experience. i&# ;ve already posted my text of the workshop, but i told the participants that i also wanted to share the ideas that they came up with during the course of the workshop. the ideas were generated around &# ; continue reading adding useful friction to library ux: ideas from uxlibs workshop&# ;participants 	library metadata evolution: the final mile when schema.org arrived on the scene i thought we might have arrived at the point where library metadata  could finally blossom; adding value outside of library systems to help library curated resources become first class citizens, and hence results, in the global web we all inhabit.  but as yet it has not happened. 	something for archives in schema.org the recent release of the schema.org vocabulary (version . ) includes new types and properties, proposed by the w c schema architypes community group, specifically target at facilitating the web sharing of archives data to aid discovery. when the group, which i have the privilege to chair, approached the challenge of building a proposal to make schema.org useful for archives, it was identified that the vocabulary could be already used to describe the things &# ; collections that you find in archives.  what was missing was the ability to identify the archive holding organisation, and the fact that an item is being held ... 	bibframe – schema.org – chocolate teapots in a session at the ifla wlic in kuala lumpur - my core theme being that there is a need to use two [linked data] vocabularies when describing library resources — bibframe for cataloguing and [linked] metadata interchange — schema.org for sharing on the web for discovery. 	schema.org introduces defined terms do you have a list of terms relevant to your data? things such as subjects, topics, job titles, a glossary or dictionary of terms, blog post categories, ‘official names’ for things/people/organisations, material types, forms of technology, etc. 	schema.org significant updates for tourism and trips the latest release of schema.org ( . ) includes some significant enhancements for those interested in marking up tourism, and trips in general. for tourism markup two new types touristdestination and touristtrip have joined the already useful touristattraction 	the three linked data choices for libraries we are [finally] on the cusp of establishing a de facto linked data approach for libraries and their system suppliers - not there yet but getting there. we have a choice between bibframe . , schema.org, linky marc and doing nothing. 	structured data: helping google understand your site add schema.org structured data to your pages because during indexing, we will be able to better understand what your site is about. 	schema.org for tourism these touristattraction enhancements have significantly improved the capability for describing tourist attractions and hopefully enabling more tourist discoveries 	schema.org: describing global corporations local cafés and everything in-between there have been  discussions in schema.org about the way organizations their offices, branches and other locations can be marked up; they exposed a lack of clarity in the way to structure descriptions of organizations and their locations, offices, branches , etc. to address that lack of clarity i thought it would be useful to share some examples here. 	a discovery opportunity for archives? so why am i now suggesting that there maybe an opportunity for the discovery of archives and their resources? open library data dumps | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up edit last edited by drini february , | history open library data dumps open library provides dumps of all its data, generated every month. all of the dumps are formatted as tab separated files with the following columns: 	 type - type of record (/type/edition, /type/work etc.) 	 key - unique key of the record. (/books/ol m etc.) 	 revision - revision number of the record 	 last_modified - last modified timestamp 	 json - the complete record in json format dumps: 	 editions dump (~ . g) 	 works dump (~ . g) 	 authors dump (~ . g) 	 all types dump (~ . g): includes editions, works, authors, redirects, etc. 	 complete dump (~ . g): also includes past revisions of all the records in open library for past dumps, see: https://archive.org/details/ol_exports?sort=-publicdate format of json records a json schema for the various types is located at https://github.com/internetarchive/openlibrary-client/tree/master/olclient/schemata 	 author records: json serialization of a type/author 	 edition records: json serialization of a type/edition 	 work records: json serialization of a type/work ol covers dump :todo: history 	created december , 	 revisions 	february , 	 edited by drini 	 wording 	february , 	 edited by drini 	 fix headings 	february , 	 edited by drini 	 make more concise + add link to past dumps on archive.org 	january , 	 edited by tom morris 	 update dump sizes 	december , 	 created by anand chitipothu 	 documented open library data dumps open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b aap and ccc end georgia state 'e-reserves' litigation navigation 	home 	features 	news 	magazines 	rights 	submit rights deal 	about us 	contact 	advertise 	subscribe 	 search 	home 	features 	news 	magazines 	rights 	submit rights deal 	about us 	contact 	advertise 	subscribe 	 search aap and ccc end georgia state ‘e-reserves’ copyright litigation in news by porter andersonnovember , comment citing appellate court rulings that make the plaintiffs’ point, the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center decline to pursue further appeals in a -year-old case. image – istockphoto: ablokhin by porter anderson, editor-in-chief | @porter_anderson ‘a severe threat of market harm’ ending a dozen years of legal contention, the association of american publishers (aap) and copyright clearance center (ccc) have announced that they’ve elected to end litigation about digital copying and distribution in the higher-education space. in a statement provided to publishing perspectives, we read, “on behalf of its board of directors and membership, and together with copyright clearance center, cambridge university press, oxford university press, and sage publishing, the association of american publishers announced today (november ) that the publishers declined to file another appeal in cambridge university press v. becker, thus bringing the long-running copyright infringement case to an end.” the initial court filings in in the northern georgia district court alleged that georgia state university in atlanta was practicing “systematic, widespread, and unauthorized copying and distribution of a vast amount of copyrighted works” through a system called “e-reserves.” an e-reserves program is intended to provide controlled access to digital course content only for students registered to a given syllabus. a finding supported the university, seeing most of the uses in question to be permissible under fair use. two years later, in , the th circuit court made reversals to the first decision, remanding the case to the lower court, which then found four of instances to be infringements. in both lower-court assessments, the university was deemed the prevailing party. “we made this difficult decision,” aap and ccc now say in their new statement, “after carefully considering well-established copyright precedent, including two authoritative decisions in this litigation from the court of appeals for the th circuit, which reversed and vacated two prior decisions from the united states district court for the northern district of georgia.” in a joint statement from aap president and ceo maria a. pallante and ccc president and ceo tracey armstrong, they point out that over the years, the litigation has framed two points they feel are of key value: maria a. pallante, left, and tracey armstrong “after careful consideration, the plaintiffs, aap and ccc, have decided to conclude, rather than appeal, the georgia state university ‘e-reserves’ case, following years of litigation regarding both the exclusive rights accorded to copyright owners under us copyright law, and, relatedly, the appropriate limits of fair use in instances where licenses are available. “we are pleased and satisfied that the court of appeals has issued two forceful rulings in the case, making clear that the kind of ‘nontransformative copying’ undertaken by georgia state university poses a ‘severe threat of market harm’ to publishers, and that such harm should be given ‘more significant weight in [the] overall fair use analysis’ and ‘strongly disfavors’ fair use where publishers have offered digital licenses for the material. “the fact that such copying occurs in an educational setting does not ameliorate the ‘threat of market substitution,’ the court of appeals held.” ‘institutions cannot ignore copyright law’ as the statement from the association and copyright clearance center puts it, “the overarching objective of this litigation” has been achieved, “to establish that institutions of higher learning cannot ignore copyright law by digitally copying and distributing significant excerpts from copyrighted course readings without a license, no matter how convenient. “the court of appeals has issued two forceful rulings in the case, making clear that the ‘nontransformative copying’ undertaken by georgia state university poses a ‘severe threat of market harm’ to publishers.”maria a. pallante, tracey armstrong “despite the lower court’s latest decision, which is at odds with the court of appeals’ instructions, publishers are confident that the guidance from the court of appeals is clear and authoritative as to future actors.” that guidance, the statement says, is adequate to ensure “that universities will maintain copyright policies and practices that are consistent with its rulings and well-established copyright jurisprudence.” “as we conclude this case,” the association and copyright clearance center write, “we note that these are extraordinary times marked by unprecedented challenges and opportunities, including for universities, and we are therefore more committed than ever to helping students, scholars, libraries, and the reading public to achieve learning and research success.” the wider challenge: what’s right, and what’s digital publishing perspectives readers will have quickly spotted parallels here with the years-long saga of the canadian copyright modernization act dispute in canada. since the implementation of the act in , universities in the english-language canadian market have worked along the lines of a “ percent” approach, which other educational institutions, including k- schools, have then adopted. in some university settings, instructors have copied up to percent of a book, or a full chapter, and then distributed this copied material to students without a publisher’s permission and without paying a licensing fee, sometimes called a tariff. this meant that no authors and no publishers were paid for this use of the material in question. “the fact that such copying occurs in an educational setting does not ameliorate the ‘threat of market substitution,’ the court of appeals held.”maria a. pallante, tracey armstrong in that ongoing dispute, the association of canadian publishers and access copyright—not unlike ccc, a collective management organization for the english-language canadian market—achieved a ringing federal court victory in in access copyright v. york university from the federal court of justice michael l. phelan, who wrote in his decision that the modernization act’s guidelines as interpreted by york university were unfair and that tariffs (those licensing fees) certified by the country’s copyright board are enforceable. the educational sector, however, has continued to resist, refusing to pay the annual per-student licensing fees certified by the copyright board and making appeals until, in april of this year, a new decision from an appellate court said that the educational community had acted wrongly but that schools and universities are not required to pay the licensing fees. the publishers report that the copyright modernization act of has opened the door to  illegal and systematic copying by the k- and post-secondary education sector, which has now accrued cumulative liabilities of more than $ million (us$ . million). the latest wrinkle in that case is that the supreme court of canada has agreed to hear access copyright’s and york university’s appeals at a date not yet announced. and the canadian dispute has grown far wider than the issue addressed by aap and ccc. at one point whole provincial educational systems in canada have sued access copyright in alliance with the positions of york university. but the broadest overview of these cases has to do with how the digital dynamic has blurred some of the once-bright lines around copyright’s protections in the minds of those who are inclined to see—or claim they see—digital content as less firmly guarded by copyright laws and limitations. the irony escapes few of us that these battles are being fought in educational settings, in which it’s assumed that creativity and the protection of intellectual property would be sacrosanct. instead, we find educators and scholars working to leverage their own colleagues’ creative property without regard to the legal boundaries meant to protect it–and their own work. in a final line from the association of american publishers and copyright clearance center, the two parties commit to taking a high road, even as more challenges like those alleged at georgia state and in canada will surely arise in the future. “consistent with the fundamental mission of publishing,” the new statement reads, “we will continue to make high-quality works of authorship and research widely available, and further serve our customers and the long-term public interest by investing in affordable and sustainable business models.” more from publishing perspectives on copyright is here, more on the association of american publishers is here, more on copyright clearance center is here, more on the canadian copyright modernization act is here. more from us on the coronavirus covid- pandemic and its impact on international book publishing is here. about the author porter anderson facebook twitter google+porter anderson has been named international trade press journalist of the year in london book fair's international excellence awards. he is editor-in-chief of publishing perspectives. he co-founded the hot sheet, a newsletter for trade and indie authors, which now is owned and operated by jane friedman. he formerly was associate editor for the futurebook at london's the bookseller. anderson also has worked as a senior producer, editor, and anchor with cnn.com, cnn international, and cnn usa, and as an arts critic (national critics institute) with the village voice and dallas times herald. tags: access copyright, association of american publishers, association of canadian publishers, cambridge university press, canada, copyright, copyright clearance center, copyright modernization act, education, educational publishing, oxford university press, sage publishing, usa comments 	 november , reply sandy thatcher i read this announcement with a mixture of nostalgia and relief. as a member of the aap copyright committee ( - ) and the ccc board of directors ( - ) i remember this suit all too well, who knew when it began in that it would last so long? i wrote about the case myself in an article for against the grain in march m never expecting that the case would drag on for another dozen years, in large part because of the obstinacy of the district court judge who made up her mind early and did everything possible to change her rulings in minimally responsive ways to the appeals court’s directions. https://scholarsphere.psu.edu/concern/generic_works/ vr x. but maria and tracey are right: the principles have been firmly established by the appeals court, and the judge’s foot-dragging tactics would undoubtedly continue indefinitely into the future and cost a lot more money in legal fees. it’s time to bury the gsu case and move on. 	 		leave a comment cancel reply comment name * email * website 	 	 			 		 			subscribe sign up to get 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						 						 					 		 	 			 				 				 						 		 		home » news & events » save the date for samvera virtual connect 		save the date for samvera virtual connect 		 	posted on december , - events, news 	 					 				 mark your calendar for samvera virtual connect ! tuesday, april – wednesday, april ,   : am – : pm edt / : am – : am pdt / : - : bst / : - : utc watch for more information coming in early including a call for program committee participation and a call for proposals. 	 						 	 				 			« previous post		 		 					 	 						 		 													 	 	 					 		 	sidebar navigation 			 		links 	contact us 	join samvera’s community mailing list 	join samvera’s technical mailing list 	samvera wiki home page 	samvera on github 	rss feed for this site 		 		news & events 			 					save the date for samvera virtual connect 									 	 					developer resources: bug hunting in hyrax; adding blacklight advanced search to hyku 									 	 					fedora alpha release available for download and testing 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blank clark music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. clark play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release down to earth (feat. j.dot) august 	 popular this week ted (bibio remix) listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 august (age ) 	born in 	city of st albans, hertfordshire, england, united kingdom there are several artists with the name clark. ( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias to clark. his latest, self-titled lp, was released on warp records in and is a follow up to ’s iradelphic. ( ) clark is also a folk band from lompoc, california consisting of husband and wife, gabriel and dana friley, and andy white. after playing together in various musical projects for many years, the three formed clark in . their debut album "here comes tomorrow" was rele… read more there are several artists with the name clark. ( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias to clark. his latest, self-titled lp, was released on warp records in and is a follow up to ’s … read more there are several artists with the name clark. ( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias to clark. his latest, self-titled lp, was released on warp records in and is a follow up to ’s iradelphic. ( ) clark is also a folk band from lompoc, california consis… read more related tags 	idm 	electronic 	experimental 	warp 	electronica add tagsview all tags similar to 	 chris clark 	 plaid 	 µ-ziq view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 ted (bibio remix) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 winter linn 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 amor - c.b. rework 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 secret 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 growls garden 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 herr bar 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 butterfly prowler 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 ted 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 primary pluck 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 unfurla 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 body riddle , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 clark , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 iradelphic , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 totems flare , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 throttleclark.com 	 twitter (@throttleclark) 	 facebook (throttleclark) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 throttleclark.com 	 twitter (@throttleclark) 	 facebook (throttleclark) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 chris clark , listeners 	 plaid , listeners 	 µ-ziq , listeners 	 squarepusher , listeners 	 autechre , listeners 	 afx , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close samvera - a vibrant and welcoming community developing repository software tools 		 			 				 					 						skip to content 	 		 			 				 			 		 		 			 					about samvera 	samvera is community sourced software for repository solutions 	philosophy 	governance 	 annual report (pdf download) 	all annual reports 	interest and working groups 	faq 	samvera privacy policy 	licensing 	what is samvera? 	samvera is an open source repository framework 	samvera community overview (pdf download) 	technology white paper (pdf download) 	applications & demos 	technology stack 	why use samvera? 	samvera is flexible and extensible 	the samvera community 	community support 	sustainability 	who uses samvera? 	samvera partners 	partner prospectus (pdf download) 	partner contribution model (pdf download) 	samvera adopters 	community framework 	samvera user profiles 	case study: emory university 	case study: avalon at the university of houston 	getting started 	general documentation 	installation from github 	communication 	service providers 	news & events 	news & events 	samvera events diary 	upcoming meetings 	samvera twitter page 	search 	 			 			samvera.org 		 	 	 						 							close 							 								 									 										search for: 										 									 									 								 							 						 						 					 		 	 		 						 								 					a vibrant and welcoming community 					 						 samvera vision statement “samvera™ is a vibrant and welcoming community of information and technology professionals who share challenges, build expertise, and create sustainable, best-in-class solutions, making the world’s digital collections accessible now and into the future.” samvera’s suite of repository software tools offers flexible and rich user interfaces tailored to distinct content types on top of a robust back end – giving adopters the best of both worlds. 											 	 				 			 						 				 					 					 						'; 					 					 				 			 		 	 	 			 								 				benefits of samvera 				 					 we believe that no single system can provide the full range of repository-based solutions for a given institution’s needs and that no single institution can resource the development of a full range of solutions on its own. working together, the samvera community creates sustainable solutions using a common infrastructure within which there is the flexibility to tailor solutions to local demands and workflows. samvera software is free and open source, available under an apache license. 									 	 			 		 			 							 				how it works 				 					 samvera maintains a set of ruby on rails components (ruby gems) that, together, can be used to build flexible and extensible digital repository solutions. hyrax combines a number of these components into a toolkit (a rails engine) for building repository applications to meet a wide range of repository requirements, whilst hyku is an out-of-the-box repository application with multi-tenant capability built on hyrax. samvera does not work in isolation and relies on a number of external open source components, including: 	fedora – a durable repository layer for persisting and managing digital objects. 	apache solr – a fast and performant search platform 	blacklight – a discovery platform built on solr 									 	 			 		 	 	 	 			 					 				applications 							 																 							institutional repositories 							 								 samvera is being used as a base for a number of institutional repositories (irs) each of which contains a range of content types. many of the samvera partners have developed ir with hyrax. for instance, george washington university, unc chapel hill, the university of hull, uk cultural heritage organisations, and many others have an ir containing electronic dissertations and theses (etds), past examination papers, learning materials, journal articles, small datasets and more. for more information visit samvera wiki implementations information page. 							 						 						 				 																	 							media collections 							 								 avalon, an access platform for online audio and video was developed by indiana university and northwestern university using the samvera stack. amongst others, wgbh, a public broadcaster in boston, the university of virginia, the university of houston and washington university are utilizing avalon and samvera to manage their digital media content. 							 						 						 				 																	 							solution bundles 							 								 the avalon media system is a collaborative samvera-based project for managing and providing online access to digital video and audio. it is now available as a samvera “solution bundle”. hyku is the result of a collaboration to extend the existing samvera project codebase to build, bundle, and promote a feature-rich, robust, flexible digital repository that is easy to install, configure, and maintain.  hyku is a solution bundle that can be installed locally or run in the cloud.  it is based on hyrax, a community-developed ruby gem that allows users to design and build their own, customized installation of our software. 							 						 						 				 																	 							data and preservation 							 								 the samvera software is being used as the basis for data repositories, for instance “deep blue data” at the university of michigan and “imago” at indiana university.  the digital repository of ireland is “a national repository for ireland’s humanities, social sciences and cultural heritage data.” a number of samvera partners are investigating the use of our software for dealing with the long-term preservation of research data.  in the uk, the universities of york and hull have been integrating the open-source preservation system archivematica into their samvera workflows. 							 						 						 				 																	 							archives and special collections 							 								 samvera is being used in conjunction with archives and special collections.  the university of york in the uk has used it as the basis for their archbishops’ registers site, providing access to more than , pages of early manuscripts.  princeton university has used samvera to create “figgy”, a workflow tool for digitizing a wide range of formats including archival materials, ephemera, maps, audio, and coins. 							 						 						 				 																	 							publishing 							 								 fulcrum is a community-based, open source publishing platform based on samvera that helps publishers present their authors’ research outputs in a durable, discoverable, accessible and flexible form. it is hosted on the university of michigan library infrastructure, specifically designed to curate digital objects. interoperable with other publishing tools and integrated into the information supply chain, fulcrum ensures that content is discovered by readers and impact is tracked. fulcrum aims to implement accessible systems and features and effect change by sharing and maintaining a high standard of accessibility. 							 						 						 				 											 				 				previous slide 				next slide 			 		 		 	 	 	 			 							 				the samvera community 				 					 samvera is not (and has never been) grant funded. it is distributed, robust and open. the samvera community was conceived and executed, under its original name “hydra”, as a collaborative, open source effort from its very beginning in . samvera has grown into a vibrant, highly active community including more than partners who formally support our work and development. samvera is designed so that adopters can each have their own mix of features; variation is part of the plan. for adopters who do not have the resourcing to create their own variant, the samvera community has developed rather more “off-the-shelf” application bundles. 				 	 				 					getting started					samvera news				 			 		 		 							 				news & events 					save the date for samvera virtual connect 	developer resources: bug hunting in hyrax; adding blacklight advanced search to hyku 	fedora alpha release available for download and testing 	samvera tech : a beginner-friendly overview of samvera 	samvera connect presentations 				view all news 			 		 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 					 									 						if you want to go far, go together. 						 							contact us 						 	 					 				 	 			 			 					 									 						samvera partners 						 															 									boston public library 	columbia university 	cornell university 	cosector, university of london 	data curation experts 	digital repository of ireland 	duke university 	emory university 	indiana university 							 							 									lafayette college 	northwestern university 	notch 	oregon state university 	penn state university 	princeton university library 	stanford university 	tufts university 	ubiquity press 	 							 							 									university of california, santa barbara 	university of california, san diego 	university of cincinnati 	university of houston 	university of hull 	university of michigan 	university of notre dame 	university of oregon 	university of utah 	 							 							 									university of virginia 	university of york 	washington university in st louis 	wgbh boston 	yale university 							 						 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 					 						 							 								 							 						 						this work is licensed under a creative commons attribution . international license. 					 					 						 							 								© samvera. 								 									 										samvera twitter 										samvera github 										samvera wiki 									 								 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 	 two hands — big thief | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. big thief two hands play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	 	best of 	indie rock 	noise pop 	americana add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 rock and sing 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 forgotten eyes 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the toy 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 two hands 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 those girls 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 shoulders 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 not 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 wolf 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 replaced 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 cut my hair 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 ivy tripp waxahatchee , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 painted shut hop along , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 light upon the lake whitney , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 crushing julia jacklin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 punisher phoebe bridgers , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 abysskiss adrianne lenker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 apocalypse bill callahan , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i need to start a garden haley heynderickx , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 on your own love again jessica pratt , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 all mirrors angel olsen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cassadaga bright eyes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sprained ankle julien baker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ivy tripp waxahatchee , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 painted shut hop along , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 light upon the lake whitney , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 crushing julia jacklin , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 punisher phoebe bridgers , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 abysskiss adrianne lenker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 apocalypse bill callahan , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i need to start a garden haley heynderickx , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 on your own love again jessica pratt , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 all mirrors angel olsen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cassadaga bright eyes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sprained ankle julien baker , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 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links 	 apple music 	 bigthief.net 	 twitter (@bigthiefmusic) 	 facebook (bigthiefmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more big thief , listeners related tags 	indie rock 	folk 	indie big thief is an american indie rock band with folk roots. the band is based in brooklyn, new york, and comprises adrianne lenker, buck meek, max oleartchik, and james krivchenia. big thief's music, rooted in the songs of adrianne lenker, paints in vivid tones "the process of harnessing pain, loss, and love, while simultaneously letting go, looking into your own eyes through someone else's, and being okay with the inevitability of death," says adrianne. masterpiece, big thief's debut album, is filled with characters and visceral narratives, songs that pivot … read more big thief is an american indie rock band with folk roots. the band is based in brooklyn, new york, and comprises adrianne lenker, buck meek, max oleartchik, and james krivchenia. big thief… read more big thief is an american indie rock band with folk roots. the band is based in brooklyn, new york, and comprises adrianne lenker, buck meek, max oleartchik, and james krivchenia. big thief's music, rooted in the songs of adrianne… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 adrianne lenker , listeners 	 angel olsen , listeners 	 julia jacklin , listeners 	 lucy dacus , listeners 	 sharon van etten , listeners 	 waxahatchee , listeners 	 better oblivion community center , listeners 	 (sandy) alex g , listeners 	 aldous harding , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday 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bug? 			 			 									posted on june , 					by toke eskildsen 							 					 				 a light tale of bug hunting an out of memory problem with solrcloud. the setup and the problem at the royal danish library we provide full text search for the danish netarchive. the heavy lifting is done in a single collection solrcloud made up of shards (for a total of tb / billion documents). all queries are issued to a solr instance with an empty shard, with the sole responsibility of aggregating responses from the real shards. one of the frontends is solrwayback, which is a javascript application backed by a middle layer acting as an advanced proxy; issuing searches, rewriting html, doing streaming exports and so. the problem this time was that the aggregating solr node occasionally crashed with an out of memory error, where occasionally means that it sometimes took months to crash, sometimes days. clues and analysis 	access to the netarchive search is strictly controlled, so there were no chance of denial of service or fimilar foul play. 	log analysis showed modest activity (a maximum of concurrent searches) around the time of the latest crash. 	the queries themselves were run-of-the-mill, but the crashing queries themselves were not logged, as solr only logs the query when is has been completed, not when it starts. 	the garbage collection logs showed that everything was a-ok, right up til the time when everything exploded in progressively longer collections, culminating in a second stop-the-world and no heap space left. heap graph with stop-the-world gc as red triangles, courtesy of gceasy.io should be simple to pinpoint, right? and (plot twist) for once it was! of course we chased the usual red herrings, but ultimately “dissect the logs around the problematic time slots” won the day. pop quiz: what is wrong with the log entries below? (meticulously unearthed from too many nearly-but-not-fully-similar entries and with timestamps adjusted to match graph-timezone). ) - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=facebook.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"facebook.com"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= ) - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=facebook.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"facebook.com"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= ) - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=facebook.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"facebook.com"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= ) - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=facebook.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"facebook.com"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= ) - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=facebook.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"facebook.com"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= if your answer was “hey, what’s up with start!?” then you are now officially a big search analyst. your badge will arrive shortly. for those not catching it (that included me for a long time): 	a search is issued with a query for facebook material from with the parameters start= &rows= (corresponding to page in a ui which shows results/page). response time is seconds. 	the same query is repeated, this time with start= &rows= . if the intent was to go to page in the ui, we would expect start= &rows= . response time is seconds. 	the query is changed to facebook material from , still with start= &rows= . seems like someone’s url hacking. response time is ½ seconds. 	same query as in # , but now with start= &rows= . response time jumps to seconds. 	the query is changed to facebook material from , with the previous start= &rows= intact. response time jumps to seconds. locating the error time to inspect the code responsible for the paging: if (this.start + < this.totalhits) { this.start = this.start + ; } seems innocent enough and when we tested by pressing “next” a few times in solrwayback, it did indeed behave exemplary: start= , start= , start= and so on. looking further down we encounter this nugget: /* method used on creation, reload and route change to get query parameters */ getqueryparams:function(){ this.myquery = this.$route.query.query; this.start= this.$route.query.start; this.filters = this.$route.query.filter; ... a quick appliance of console.log(typeof this.start) in the right place tells us that when the ui page is reloaded, which happens when the url is changed by hand, the type of this.start becomes a string! loosely typed languages is a taste not acquired by your humble author. back to the code for skipping to the next page: this.start = this.start + ; if this.start is to begin with and if it is a string, we suddenly have " " + , which javascript handles by casting the number to the string : " " + " " = " ". that translates to page instead of page , which of course is not what the user wants, but how does it become a memory problem? solrcloud internals and the smoking gun the solrcloud for netarchive search is a distributed one (remember the shards?), so when documents starting at position are needed, the master must request start= &rows= document representations from each shard, sort them and deliver documents - . for our setup that means holding up to * = million document representations in memory. the master node has one job and this it it, so it handles the load. yes, it bumps heap requirements temporarily with a gigabyte or two, but that’s okay. it still delivers the result in seconds. so what happens when the user presses next again? yes, " " + = " ". that’s a factor right there, as we move decimal places. and master has -xmx= g… fortunately the logged request only matched million documents, so the master solr got by with a gb bump to the heap (the first spike in the graph) at that time. knowing what to look for (start=xxxx, where xxxx is at least digits), it is simple to find the last relevant log entry before the crash: grep "start=[ - ][ - ][ - ][ - ]" solr.log. - - : : . info (qtp - ) [c:ns s:shard r:core_node x:ns _shard _replica_n ] o.a.s.c.s.request [ns _shard _replica_n ] webapp=/solr path=/select params={q=twitter.com&facet.field=domain&facet.field=content_type_norm&facet.field=type&facet.field=crawl_year&facet.field=status_code&facet.field=public_suffix&hl=on&indent=true&fl=id,score,title,hash,source_file_path,source_file_offset,url,url_norm,wayback_date,domain,content_type,crawl_date,content_type_norm,type&start= &q.op=and&fq=record_type:response+or+record_type:arc&fq=domain:"twitter.com"+and+content_type_norm:"html"+and+crawl_year:" "&rows= &wt=json&facet=true&f.crawl_year.facet.limit= } hits= status= qtime= here we have start= and million hits. the aggregating solr died minutes later. $ says that the request that crashed the master solr was for the same query, but with start= . as document representations * shards equals million document representations, the master jvm might have survived with -xmx= g. if not for the huge amount of tiny objects overloading the garbage collector. fixes and take aways easy fix of course: cast this.start in the javascript layer to integer and enforce an upper limit for start & rows in the middle layer for good measure. for next time we’ve learned to 	closely examine slow queries (captain obvious says hello) 	keep gc-logs a few restarts back (we only had the current and the previous one to start with) 	plot the gc pauses to see if there are spikes that did not crash the jvm (trivial to do with gceasy.io), then inspect the request logs around the same time as the spikes 			 			 										 	 			 									 						posted in eskildsen, solr					 								 	| 	 		tagged bughunting, memory	 										| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							touching encouraged (an ongoing story) 			 			 									posted on october , 					by toke eskildsen 							 					 				 a recurring theme at kb labs is to show a lot of pixels. by chance we got our hands on a k touch-sensitive display, capable of showing a non-trivial amount of said pixels on a non-trivial surface area. our cunning plan is to 	adapt some of the labs products to work on the display 	put the display somewhere in the public area of the library 	watch people swoon when they delve into beautiful cultural heritage data this post is intended to be a diary of sorts, journaling what we learn. coincidental activation ( - - ) we have talked about experimenting with interactive large displays for years. with emphasis on talked. it took someone with youthful initiative to actually do something: max odsbjerg pedersen discovered a usable & unused display and promptly sent us a video showing him using a labs product on the display. days later he brokered a loan agreement and days later we verified that no one questions two people removing a large display, as long as it is transported in a cardboard box. adding heavy box moving to résumé fair warning ( - - ) the software development department has a – not entirely undeserved – reputation of being loose cannons that tend to muck about in ways that unexpectedly affects other departments. to atone for blunders past and primarily because it really is the most constructive practice, representatives of the cultural heritage and the communications departments were duly informed about the initiated process and invited to participate in discussion hereof. in other words: we met them at lunch as usual and said “hey, we’ve got this nifty idea …”, to which they answered “sounds good!”. what have we got? ( - - ) the display is a ″ samsung flᴉp. its internal software seems focused on providing a digital flip-over with some connectivity possibilities? it does not have a build-in web browser, but connecting it to a windows machine is exceedingly easy. we will just have to duct tape a laptop to its back or something to that effect. it was a pleasant surprise to discover that the excellent tool openseadragon works perfectly out of the box with multi touch on desktop browsers: tap, double tap, drag, pinch & spread. well, as long as you are not a lazy developer that still use a pre- version of openseadragon where pinching is wonky *cough*. adapt, by which we mean “remove stuff” ( - - ) three kb labs products, which would benefit from a large display, were selected: at the core they are all web pages using openseadragon and as such, adaptation mostly meant removing features and interface elements. a simple navigational area was added to switch between the products and the poc mark i alpha was born: best viewed on a ″ tablet or larger. secure, by which we mean “fail” ( - - ) since the whole thing is intended for public display & interaction, we want to make sure the users stay on the designated pages. a developer navigating one of the designated pages pressing f switches to full screen with no navigational bar in chrome and the end users does not have access to the keyboard, so problem solved? our boss bjarne andersen passed by, stopped and played with the presentations. it took him minutes to somehow activate right-click and presto, the box was cracked. thanks boss! well, chrome has a designated kiosk mode: simply add -kiosk as an argument and all is taken care off. at least until co-worker kim christensen discovers that there is a handy swipe-from-a-vertical-edge gesture that opens the windows menu and other elements. cracked again. thanks kim! disabling swipe gestures did not seem possible without admin rights, which we do not have on the current computer. there seems to be a windows kiosk mode that also requires admin rights. oh well, maybe monday? weekend calls. broken windows and tweaks ( - - ) colleague thomas egense brought a private windows laptop to work (no worries, we only connect those to the eduroam network). 	it would not connect to the large display. reboot. 	it did connect to the display in k, but not to wifi. reboot. 	it did connect to wifi, but would no longer connect to the display. reboot. 	same. reboot. 	same. give up. 	actively avoid defenestrating the laptop. drink coffee. at least it went a little better when colleague gry vindelev elstrøm stopped by. she suggested adding some sort of map overlay, so that the users would not get lost in the big collages? and of course openseadragon delivers again: seconds and a reload later the wish were granted: openseadragon with navigator overlay gry’s other wish: to have visual-similarity spatial grouping of the maps collection is both valid and entirely possible to fulfill. buuut it is not a second job and the touch screen project is a side project, so that idea was filed under when we find the time. and then they were two ( - - ) heroic display digger max odsbjerg pedersen phoned in and said he had found a twin display lying around. he’ll put it up somewhere at au library, nobel park, mirroring the display we’re working with at the reoyal danish library, aarhus. thank you, max. you do realize we’re at the early proof on concept stage, right? go ahead is a given ( - - ) gitte bomholt christensen deals with the public space at the library. she visited to take a look at the project. her first question was if we should put the display on a movable stand or if a wall mount were better. we’ll take that as a “yes, we’ll go forward with this experiment”. soon they will be five ( - - ) early in the day miniboss katrine hofmann gasser asked for requirements for extra touch displays. later in the day, miniboss katrine hofmann gasser had ordered extra touch displays. damn, people! what happened to the concept of testing a minimum viable product followed by iterative improvement? the hunt for k ( - - ) the afternoon was not free (they never are), but at least it was not bogged down with other stuff. so what about upping the resolution from hd to k? how hard can that be? yeah, trips to operations and different computers produced the new knowledge that passive displayport → hdmi cables have trouble delivering the goods. native hdmi . handles k though: admittedly at hz only, but that works well enough when the interface reflects finger movements directly. the only situation where the hz is noticeable is when the user pans by flinging. gridified tsne ( - - ) running image collections through a trained network and positioning them according to their visual similarity is one of those “the future is now”-things. one favourite is pix-plot which produces an interactive d-visualization. but the touch screen is meant for large images and pix-plot is not made to display those. plotting directly to d does not solve the problem: a bit hard to enjoy all the images when they cover each other a marriage between pix-plot and the existing zoomable grid-based layout was proposed. some hacking later with the tools ml a & rasterfairy and… yeah, kinda-sorta? as can be seen on the screenshot below, there are definitely areas of similar images, but there are also multiple areas that looks like they should be collapsed into one. something’s off, but that will have to be solved later. there’s definitely some grouping there. and groups that looks suspiciously similar there are no image duplicates – we checked! frontpage material ( - - ) thomas egense wanted something else on the large touch screen, so he extracted all frontpages from the danish newspaper berlingske tidende, available from mediestream (of course he cheated and took an internal shortcut). it is quite an old newspaper, so “all” means , pages. rendering k fairly-high-res images is no technical problem, but as our scans are greyscale the result was somewhat bland and extremely cumbersome to navigate with intention. a sea of grey thankfully newspaper frontpages do possess one singular reliable piece of metadata: the date of the paper. adding an ugly date picker was easy enough and presto! intuitive navigation of the primary navigational axis for the material. proper tsne ( - - ) a breakthrough discovery was made today: if you clumsily swap the x and y axis for the coordinates, but keep the calculated width and height, when you plot gridified data, the result is … less good. corollary: if you un-swap said axes the result looks much better! as demonstrated by these before and after images: sorry about doing this on a not-fully-public-yet dataset (the awesome “anskuelsesbilleder” at au library, emdrup): we can only show the scaled-down versions of the properly gridified tsne layout, but they should convey the gist. maybe machines can label our stuff? ( - - ) since machine learning was great at positioning images according to visual similarity (or rather a mix of visual similarity and content similarity), maybe use it to automatically label our material? well, not so much with the collection of anskuelsesbilleder: the network (imagenet) is great for labelling photographies but poor for drawings: “binder”, “web site”, “envelope” and “jigsaw puzzle” were recurring and absolutely wrong guesses. again, sorry for not being allowed to show the images. hopefully later, when the rights has been cleared, ok? ideas aplenty ( - - ) karen williams was the nearest innocent bystander to show the latest experiment with the large touch screen and she upped the ante, asking for drive-by crowd-sourcing capabilities and visualization of sound. so much untapped potential in this! organisations gotta organise ( - - ) one does not simply walk down a put a touch screen on the wall. it is hard to have patience with a new toy in hand, but it is understandable that a mix of people from different departments must participate on something that involves display of cultural heritage data in the public areas of the library. unfortunately it will be nearly weeks before said mix of people are able to meet and determine how to go about the project. deep breath. inner peace. tempus fugit. pong detour ( - - ) annual christmas party time! and jesper lauridsen did not miss the oportunity that a big touch screen presented. he whipped up a multi-ball pong game where the balls were the faces of the people at the party. will you be hitting your colleague with a bat or let said colleague fall into oblivion? great success and nobody spilled beer on the touch table! and no, sorry, not allowed to show it due to the face thing. privacy and all. last details finished in the real hardware department by leet hacker jesper proper public tsne ( - - ) the image classification → tsne → rasterfairy → juxta chain is our new golden hammer, and the next collection to hits were our maps & atlases collection. given that the network was never trained explicitly for the minute differences in maps, it went surprisingly well. and this time we’re allowed to show the result: don’t just sit there! try it yourself secure, by which we mean “nearly succeed” ( - - ) there was a meeting with the right people and it took all of ½ minute to decide that yes, the large tablet should definitely be displayed in the public areas. then it took minutes to hammer out the details: the plan is to mount in on wheels and move it around to see where it works best. progress! the afternoon was spend trying to make the big screen less easy to hack. it is driven by an ubuntu . box using google chrome as the browser. as discovered earlier, chrome has a “kiosk” mode, which disables right click, the address bar and more. easy! the real problem was ubuntu itself: it has tablet support, meaning clever swipe gestures that activates program selection, unmaximizes windows, shows an on screen keyboard and other goodies. goodies meaning baddies, when trying to build a display kiosk! most of the solution was to use the disable gestures extension (and reboot to get the full disablement), but the on screen keyboard (activated by swiping in from the bottom of the screen) is apparently hard baked into the system (block caribou did not help us). we might have to uninstall it completely. to be continued 							 	 			 									 						posted in eskildsen, visualization					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							docvalues jump tables in lucene/solr  			 			 									posted on march , 					by toke eskildsen 							 					 				 lucene/solr is about to be released. among a lot of other things is brings lucene- , written by your truly with a heap of help from adrien grand. lucene- introduces jump-tables for docvalues, is all about performance and brings speed-ups ranging from worse than baseline to x, extremely dependent on index and access pattern. this is a follow-up post to faster docvalues in lucene/solr +. the previous post contains an in-depth technical explanation of the docvalues mechanisms, while this post focuses on the final implementation. docvalues? whenever the content of a field is to be used for grouping, faceting, sorting, stats or streaming in solr (or elasticsearch or lucene, where applicable), it is advisable to store it using docvalues. it is also used for document retrieval, depending on setup. docvalues in lucene : linked lists lucene shifted the api for docvalues from random access to sequential. this meant smaller storage footprint and cleaner code, but also caused the worst case single value lookup to scale linear with document count: getting the value for a docvalued field from the last document in a segment required a visit to all other value blocks. the linear access time was not a problem for small indexes or requests for values for a lot of documents, where most blocks needs to be visited anyway. thus the downside of the change was largely unnoticeable or at least unnoticed. for some setups with larger indexes, it was very noticeable and for some of them it was also noticed. for our netarchive search setup, where each segments has m documents, there was a severe performance regression: - x for common interactive use. text book optimization: jump-tables the lucene docvalues structure behaves as a linked list of data-nodes, with the specializations that it is build sequentially and that it is never updated after the build has finished. this makes it possible to collect the node offsets in the underlying index data during build and to store an array of these offsets along with the index data. with the node offsets quickly accessible, worst-case access time for a docvalue entry becomes independent of document count. of course, there is a lot more to this: see the previously mentioned faster docvalues in lucene/solr + for details. one interesting detail for jump-tables is that they can be build both as a cache on first access (see lucene- ) and baked into the index-data (see lucene- ). i much preferred having both options available in lucene, to get instant speed up with existing indexes and technically superior implementation for future indexes. alas, only lucene- was deemed acceptable. best case test case our netarchive search contains solr collections, each holding m documents in gb of index data. each collection is shard, merged down to segment and never updated. most fields are docvalues and they are heavily used for faceting, grouping, statistics, streaming exports and document retrieval. the impact of lucene- should be significant. in netarchive search, all collections are searched together using an alias. for the tests below only a single collection was used for practical reasons. there are three contenders: 	unmodified solr collection, using solr . . rc . codename solr . in this setup, jump-tables are not active as solr . . rc , which includes lucene- , only supports index-time jump-tables. this is the same as solr behaviour. 	solr collection upgraded to solr , using solr . . rc . codename solr r . in this setup, jump-tables are active and baked into the index data. this is the expected future behaviour when solr is released. 	solr collection, using lucene/solr at git commit point d f a b ab eda e c b a fc. codename solr l . during lucene- (search time jump tables) development, the implementation was committed to master. this was later reverted, but the checkout allow us to see what the performance would have been if this path had been chosen. test hardware is a puny -core i desktop with gb of ram, a tb rpm drive and a tb ssd. about gb of ram free for disk cache. due to time constraints only the streaming export test has been done on the spinning drive, the rest is ssd only. streaming exports 	premise: solr’s export function is used by us to extract selected fields from the collection, typically to deliver a csv-file with urls, mime types, file sizes etc for a corpus defined by a given filter. it requires docvalues to work. 	dv-problem: the current implementation of streaming export in solr does not retrieve the field values in document order, making the access pattern extremely random. this is absolute worst case for sequential docvalues. note that solr- will hopefully remedy this at some point. the test performs a streaming export of fields for , documents in the m index. the same export is done times, to measure the impact of caching. curl '<solr>/export?q=text:hestevogn&sort=id+desc& fl=content_type_ext,content_type_served,crawl_date,content_length' 		run seconds	run seconds	run seconds	run seconds 	solr spin	 	 	 	 	solr r spin	 	 	 	 	solr l spin	 	 	 	 	solr ssd	 	 	 	 	solr r ssd	 	 	 	 	solr l ssd	 	 	 	 observation: both solr r and solr l vastly outperforms solr . on a spinning drive there is a multi-minute penalty for run after which the cache has been warmed. this is a well known phenomenon. faceting 	premise: faceting is used everywhere and it is a hard recommendation to use docvalues for the requested fields. 	dv-problem: filling the counters used when faceting is done in document order, which works well with sequential access as long as the jumps aren’t too long: small result sets are relatively heavier penalized than large result sets. simple term-based searches with top- faceting on fields of varying type and cardinality: domain, crawl_year, public_suffix, content_type_norm, status_code and host. reading the graphs: all charts in this blog post follows the same recipe: 	x-axis is hit count (aka result set size), y-axis is response time (lower is better) 	hit counts are bucketed by order of magnitude and for each magnitude, boxes are shown for the three contenders: blue boxes are solr , pink are solr r and green are solr l 	the bottom of a box is the percentile, the top is the percentile. the black line in the middle is the median. minimum response time for the bucket is the bottom spike, while the top spike is percentile 	maximum response times are not shown as they tend to jitter severely due to garbage collection observation: modest gains from jump-tables with both solr rc and solr l . surprisingly the gains scale with hit count, which should be investigated further. grouping 	premise: grouping is used in netarchive search to collapse multiple harvests of the same url. as with faceting, using docvalues for grouping fields are highly recommended. 	dv-problem: as with faceting, group values are retrieved in document order and follows the same performance/scale logic. simple term-based searches with grouping on the high-cardinality (~ m unique values) field url_norm. observations: modest gains from jump-tables, similar to faceting. sorting 	premise: sorting is a basic functionality. 	dv-problem: as with faceting and grouping, the values used for sorting are retrieved in document order and follows the same performance/scale logic. this tests performs simple term-based searches with sorting on the high-cardinality field content_length. observations: modest gains from jump-tables. contrary to faceting and grouping, performance for high hit counts are the same for all setups, which fits with the theoretical model. positively surprising is that the theoretical overhead of the jump-tables does not show for higher hit counts. document retrieval 	premise: content intended for later retrieval can either be stored explicitly or as docvalues. doing both means extra storage, but also means that everything is retrieved from the same stored (and compressed) blocks, minimizing random access to the data. for the netarchive search at the royal danish library we don’t double-store field data and nearly all of the retrievable fields are docvalues. 	dv-problem: getting a search result is a multi-step process. early on, the top-x documents matching the query are calculated and their ids are collected. after that the ids are used for retrieving document representations. if this is done from docvalues, it means random access linear to the number of documents requested. simple term-based relevance ranked searches for the top- matching documents with core fields: id, source_file_s, url_norm, host, domain, content_type_served, content_length, crawl_date and content_language. observations: solid performance improvement with jump-tables. production request 	premise: the different functionalities are usually requested in combination. at netarchive search a typical request uses grouping, faceting, cardinality counting and top- document retrieval. 	dv-problem: combining functionality often means that separate parts of the index data are accessed. this can cause cache thrashing if there is not enough free memory for disk cache. with sequential docvalues, all intermediate blocks needs to be visited, increasing the need for disk cache. jump-tables lowers the number of storage requests and are thus less reliant on cache size. simple term-based relevance ranked searches for the top- matching documents, doing grouping, faceting, cardinality and document retrieval as described in the tests above. observations: solid performance improvement with jump tables. as with the previous analysis of search-time jump tables, utilizing multiple docvalues-using functionality has a cocktail effect where the combined impact is larger than the sum of the parts. this might be due to disk cache thrashing. overall observations & conclusions 	the effect of jump tables, both with solr . . rc and lucene- , is fairly limited; except for export and document retrieval, where the gains are solid. 	the two different implementations of jump tables performs very similar. do remember that these tests does not involve index updates at all: as lucene- is search-time, it does have a startup penalty when indexes are updated. for a the large segment index tested above, the positive impact of jump tables is clear. furthermore there is no significant slow down for higher hit counts with faceting/grouping/statistics, where the jump tables has no positive impact. before running these tests, it was my suspicion that the search-time jump tables in lucene- would perform better than the baked-in version. this showed not to be the case. as such, my idea of combining the approaches by creating in-memory copies of some of the on-storage jump tables has been shelved. missing performance testing is never complete, it just stops. some interesting thing to explore could be 	spinning drives 	concurrent requests 	raw search speed with rows= 	smaller corpus 	variations of rows, facet.limit and group.limit 	kibana and similar data-visualization tools 							 	 			 									 						posted in eskildsen, hacking, low-level, lucene, performance, solr, uncategorized					 																	| 					 comments 											 		 		 	 			 							faster docvalues in lucene/solr  + 			 			 									posted on october , 					by toke eskildsen 							 					 				this is a fairly technical post explaining lucene- and its implications on lucene, solr and (qualified guess) elasticsearch search and retrieval speed. it is primarily relevant for people with indexes of m+ documents. teaser we have a solr setup for netarchive search at the royal danish library. below are response times grouped by the magnitude of the hitcount with and without the lucene patch. grouping on url_norm, cardinality stats on url_norm, faceting on fields and retrieval of all stored & docvalued fields for the top- documents in our search result. as can be seen, the median response time with the patch is about half that of vanilla solr. the % percentile shows that the outliers has also been markedly reduced. long explanation follows as to what the patch does and why indexes with less than m documents are not likely to see the same performance boost. lucene/solr (birds eye) lucene is a framework for building search engines. solr is a search engine build using lucene. lucene, and thereby solr, is known as an inverted index, referring to the terms⟶documents structure that ensures fast searches in large amounts of material. as with most things, the truth is a little more complicated. fast searches are not enough: quite obviously it also helps to deliver a rich document representation as part of the search. more advanced features are grouping, faceting, statistics, mass exports etc. all of these have in common that they at some point needs to map documents⟶terms. lucene indexes are logically made up of segments containing documents made up of fields containing terms (or numbers/booleans/raws…). fields can be 	indexed for searching, which means terms⟶documents lookup 	stored for document retrieval 	docvalues for documents⟶terms lookup stored and docvalues representations can both be used for building a document representation as part of common search. stored cannot be used for grouping, faceting and similar purposes. the two strengths of stored are 	compression, which is most effective for “large” content. 	locality, meaning that all the terms for stored fields for a given document are stored together, making is low-cost to retrieve the content for multiple fields. whenever grouping, faceting etc. needs the documents⟶terms mapping, it can either be resolved from docvalues, which are build for this exact purpose, or by un-inverting the indexed terms. un-inversion costs time & memory, so the strong recommendation is to enable docvalues for grouping, faceting etc. docvalues in lucene/solr + (technical) so the mission is to provide a documents⟶terms (and numbers/booleans/etc) lookup mechanism. in lucene/solr , & this mechanism had a random access api, meaning that terms could be requested for documents in no particular order. the implementation presented some challenges and from lucene/solr this was changed to an iterator api (see lucene- ), meaning that terms must be resolved in increasing document id order. if the terms are needed for a document with a lower id that previously requested, a new iterator must be created and the iteration starts from the beginning. most of the code for this is available in lucene docvaluesproducer and indexeddisi. digging into it, the gains from the iterative approach becomes apparent: besides a very clean implementation with lower risk of errors, the representation is very compact and requires very little heap to access. indeed, the heap requirement for the search nodes in netarchive search at the royal danish library was nearly halved when upgrading from solr to solr . the compact representation is primarily the work of adrian grand in lucene- and lucene- . when reading the wall of text below, it helps to mentally view the structures as linked lists: to get to a certain point in the list, all the entries between the current entry and the destination entry needs to be visited. docvalues sparseness and packing it is often the case that not all documents contains terms for a given field. when this is case, the field is called sparse. a trivial representation for mapping documents⟶terms for a field with or long values per document would be an array of long[#documents_in_segment], but this takes up bytes/document, whether the document has a value defined or not. lucene- optimizes sparse values by using indirection: first step is to determine whether a document has a value or not. if it has a value, an index into a value-structure is derived. the second step is to retrieve the value from the value-structure. indeddisi takes care of the first step: for each docvalues field, documents are grouped in blocks of documents. each block starts with meta-data stating the block-id and the number of documents in the block that has a value for the field. there are types of blocks: 	empty: documents in the block has a term. 	sparse: - documents in the block has a term. 	dense: - documents in the block has a term. 	all: documents in the block has a term. step . : block skipping to determine if a document has a value and what the index of the value is, the following pseudo-code is used: while (blockindex < docid/ ) {   valueindex += block.documents_with_values_count block = seektoblock(block.nextblockoffset) blockindex++} if (!block.hasvalue(docid% )) {  // no value for docid return } valueindex += block.valueindex(docid% ) unfortunately it does not scale with index size: at the netarchive at the royal danish library, we use segments with m values (not a common use case), which means that , blocks must be iterated in the worst case. introducing an indexvalue cache solves this and the code becomes valueindex = valuecache[docid/ ] block = seektoblock(offsetcache[docid/ ]) if (!block.hasvalue(docid% ) {  // no value for docid return } valueindex += block.valueindex(docid% ) the while-loop has been removed and getting to the needed block is constant-time. step . : block internals determining the value index inside of the block is trivial for empty and all blocks. sparse is a list of the documentids with values that is simply iterated (this could be a binary search). this leaves dense, which is the interesting one. dense blocks contains a bit for each of its documents, represented as a bitmap = long[ ]. getting the value index is a matter of counting the set bits up to the wanted document id: inblockid = docid% while (inblockindex < inblockid/ ) { valueindex += total_set_bits(bitmap[inblockindex++]) } valueindex += set_bits_up_to(bitmap[inblockindex], inblockid% ) this is not as bad as it seems as counting bits in a long is a single processor instruction on modern cpus. still, doing of anything to get a value is a bit much and this worst-case is valid for even small indexes. this is solved by introducing another cache: rank = char[ ] (a char is bytes): inblockid = docid% valueindex = rank[inblockid/ ] inblockindex = inblockid/ * while (inblockindex < inblockid/ ) { valueindex += total_set_bits(bitmap[inblockindex++]) } valueindex += set_bits_up_to(bitmap[inblockindex], inblockid% ) worst-case it reduced to a rank-cache lookup and summing of the bits from longs. now that step : value existence and value index has been taken care of, the value itself needs to be resolved. step : whole numbers representation there are different types of values lucene/solr: strings, whole numbers, floating point numbers, booleans and binaries. on top of that a field can be single- or multi-valued. most of these values are represented in a way that provides direct lookup in lucene/solr , but whole numbers are special. in java whole numbers are represented in a fixed amount of bytes, depending on type: byte for byte, bytes for short or char, bytes for integer and bytes for long. this is often wasteful: the sequence [ , , , ] could be represented using only bits/value. the sequence [ , , , ] could also be represented using only bits/value if it is known that the greatest common divisor is ⁷. the list of tricks goes on. for whole numbers, lucene/solr uses both the smallest amount of bits required by packedints for a given sequence as well as greatest common divisor and constant offset. these compression techniques works poorly both for very short sequences and for very long ones; lucene- splits whole numbers into sequences of numbers. getting the value for a given index is a matter of locating the right block and extracting the value from that block: while (longblockindex < valueindex/ ) { longblock = seektolongblock(longblock.nextblockoffset) longblockindex++ } value = longblock.getvalue(valueindex% ) this uses the same principle as for value existence and the penalty for iteration is also there: in our m documents/segment index, we have numeric fields where most values are present. they have , blocks each, which must be all be visited in the worst case. the optimization is the same as for value existence: introduce a jump table. longblock = seektolongblock(longjumps[valueindex/ )) value = longblock.getvalue(valueindex% ) value retrieval becomes constant time. theoretical observations 	with a pure iterative approach, performance goes down when segment size goes up and the amount of data to retrieve goes up slower than index size. the performance slowdown only happens after a certain point! as long as the gap between the docids is small enough to be within the current or the subsequent data chunk, pure iteration is fine. consequently, the requests that involves lots of monotonically increasing docid lookups (faceting, sorting & grouping for large result sets) fits the iterative api well as they needs data from most data blocks. requests that involves fewer monotonically increasing docid lookups (export & document retrieval for all requests, faceting, sorting & grouping for small result sets) fits poorly as they result in iteration over data blocks that do not provide any other information than a link to the next data block. 	as all the structures are storage-backed, iterating all data blocks – even when it is just to get a pointer to the next block – means a read request. this is problematic, unless there is plenty of ram for caching: besides the direct read-time impact, the docvalues structures will hog the disk cache. with this in mind, it makes sense to check the patch itself for performance regressions with requests for a lot of values as well as test with the disk cache fully warmed and containing the structures that are used. alas, this has to go on the to-do for now. tests hardware & index testing was done against our production netarchive search. it consists of collections, accessed as a single collection using solr’s alias mechanism. each collection is roughly m documents / gb of index data optimized to segment, each segment on a separate ssd. each machine has gb of ram with about gb free for disk cache. there are machines, each serving collections (except the last one that only serves at the moment). this means that ~ % of total index size is disk cached. methodology 	queries were constructed by extracting terms of varying use from the index and permutating them for simple - term queries 	all tests were against the full production index, issued at times when it was not heavily used 	queries were issued single-threaded, with no repeat queries 	all test setups were executed times, with a new set of queries each time 	the order of patch vs. sans-patch tests was always patch first, to ensure that any difference in patch favour was not due to better disk caching how to read the charts all charts are plotted with number of hits on the x-axis and time on the y-axis. the x-axis is logarithmic with the number of hits bucketed by magnitude: first bucket holds all measurements with - hits, second bucket holds those with - hits, the third holds those with - hits and so forth. the response times are displayed as box plots where 	upper whisker is the % percentile 	top of the box is % percentile 	black bar is % percentile (the median) 	bottom of the box is % percentile 	lower whisker is minimum measured time each bucket holds boxes 	test run , patch enabled 	test run , vanilla solr 	test run , patch enabled 	test run , vanilla solr test run is discarded to avoid jitter from cache warming. ideally the boxes from run should be the same as for run . however, as the queries are always new and unique, an amount of variation is to be expected. important note : the y-axis max-value changes between some of the charts. document retrieval there seems to be some disagreement as to whether the docvalues mechanism should ever be used to populate documents, as opposed to using stored. this blog post will only note that docvalues are indeed used for this purpose at the royal danish library and let it be up to the reader to seek more information on the matter. there are about fields in total in netarchive search, with the vast majority being docvalued string fields. there are numeric docvalued fields. retrieval of top- documents with all field values observation: response times for patched (blue & green) are markedly lower than vanilla (ping & orange). the difference is fairly independent of hit count, which matches well with the premise that the result set size is constant at documents. grouping grouping on the string field url_norm field is used in netarchive search to avoid seeing too many duplicates. to remove the pronounced difference caused by document retrieval, only the single field url_norm is requested for only group with document. grouping on url_norm observation: the medians for patched vs. vanilla are about the same, with a slight edge to patched. the outliers (the top t of the boxes) are higher for vanilla. faceting faceting is done for fields of varying cardinality. as with grouping, the effect of document retrieval is sought minimized. faceting on fields domain, crawl_year, public_suffix, content_type_norm, status_code, host observation: patched is an improvement over vanilla up to m+ hits. sorting in this test, sorting is done descending on content_length, to locate the largest documents in the index. as with grouping, the effect of document retrieval is sought minimized. sorting on content_length observation: patched is a slight improvement over vanilla. cardinality in order to provide an approximate hitcount with grouping, the cardinality of the url_norm field is requested. as with grouping, the effect of document retrieval is sought minimized. hyperloglog cardinality on url_norm observation: too much jitter to say if patch helps here. numeric statistics statistics (min, max, average…) on content_length is a common use case in netarchive search. as with grouping, the effect of document retrieval is sought minimized. numeric statistics on content_length observation: patched is a slight improvement over vanilla. cocktail effect, sans document combining faceting, grouping, stats and sorting while still minimizing the effect of document retrieval. faceting on fields, grouping on url_norm, stats on content_length and sorting on content_length observation: patched is a clear improvement over vanilla. production request combination the solrwayback front end for netarchive search commonly use document retrieval for top- results, grouping, cardinality and faceting. this is the same chart as the teaser at the top, with the addition of test run . grouping on url_norm, cardinality stats on url_norm, faceting on fields and retrieval of all stored & docvalued fields for the top- documents in our search result. observation: patched is a pronounced improvement over vanilla. the combination of multiple docvalues using request parameters is interesting as the effect of the patch on the whole seems greater than the sum of the individual parts. this could be explained by cache/io saturation when using vanilla solr. whether the cause, this shows that it is important to try and simulate real-world workflows as close as possible. overall observations 	for most of the performance tests, the effect of the lucene- patch vs. vanilla is pronounced, but limited in magnitude 	besides lowing the median, there seems to be a tendency for the patch to reduce outliers, notably for  grouping 	for document retrieval, the patch improved performance significantly. separate experiments shows that export gets a similar speed boost 	for all the single-feature tests, the active parts of the index data are so small that they are probably cached. coupled with the limited improvement that the patch gives for these tests, it indicates that the patch will in general have little effect on systems where the full index is is disk cache 	the performance gains with the “production request combination” aka the standard requests from our researchers, are very high future testing 	potential regression for large hit counts 	max response times (not just percentile ) 	concurrent requests 	io-load during tests 	smaller corpus 	export/streaming 	disk cache influence want to try? there is a patch for solr trunk at lucene- and it needs third party validation from people with large indexes. i’ll port it to any solr .x-version requested and if building solr is a problem, i can also compile it and put it somewhere. hopefully it will be part of solr at some point. update : patch overhead and status currently the patch is search-time only. technically is could also be index-time by modifying the codec. for a single index in the netarchive search setup, the patch adds seconds to first search-time and mb of heap out of gb allocated for the whole solr. the seconds is in the same ballpark (this is hard to measure) as a single unwarmed search with top- document retrieval. the patch is ported to solr . . and used in production at the royal danish library. it is a debug-patch, meaning that the individual optimizations can be enabled selectively for easy performance comparison. see the lucene- jira-issue for details. 							 	 			 									 						posted in eskildsen, hacking, low-level, lucene, performance, solr					 																	| 					 comment 											 		 		 	 			 							prebuild big data word vec dictionaries 			 			 									posted on july , 					by thomasegense 							 					 				                   prebuild and trained word vec dictionaries ready for use two different prebuild big data word vec dictionaries has been added to loar (library open access repository) for download. these dictionaries are build from the text of , e-books from project gutenberg and . . danish newspaper pages. . of the gutenberg e-books are english, but over different languages are present in the dictionaries. even though they are different languages the word vec algorithm did a good job of separating the different languages so it is almost like different word vec dictionaries. the text from the danish newspapers is not public available so you would not be able to build this dictionary yourself. a total of gb of raw text went into building the dictionary, so it is probably the largest word vec dictionary build on a danish corpus. since the danish newspapers suffer from low quality ocr, many of words in the dictionary are misspellings. using this dictionary it was possible to fix many of the ocr errors due the nature of the word vec algorithm, since a given word appears in similar contexts despite its misspellings and is identified by its context. (see https://sbdevel.wordpress.com/ / / /automated-improvement-of-search-in-low-quality-ocr-using-word vec/) download and more information about the word vec dictionaries: download   online demo of the two corpora: word vec demo             							 	 			 									 						posted in uncategorized					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							solrwayback software bundle has been released 			 			 									posted on may , 					by thomasegense 							 					 				the solrwayback software bundle can be used to search and playback archived webpages in warc format. it is an out of the box solution with index workflow, solr and tomcat webserver and a free text search interface with playback functionality. just add your warc to a folder and start the index job. the search interface has additional features besides freetext search. this includes: 	image search similar to google images 	search by uploading a file. (image/pdf etc.) see if the resource has been harvested and from where. 	link graph showing links (ingoing/outgoing) for domains using the d javascript framework. 	raw download of any harvested resource from the binary arc/warc file. 	export a search resultset to a warc-file. streaming download, no limit of size of resultset. 	an optional built in socks proxy can be used to view historical webpages without browser leaking resources from the live web. see the github page for screenshots of solrwayback and scroll down to the install guide try it out. link: solrwayback     							 	 			 									 						posted in uncategorized					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							visualising netarchive harvests 			 			 									posted on march , 					by nielskristianhansenskovmand 							 					 				  an overview of website harvest data is important for both research and development operations in the netarchive team at det kgl. bibliotek. in this post we present a recent frontend visualisation widget we have made. from the solrwayback machine we can extract an array of dates of all harvests of a given url. these dates are processed in the browser into a data object containing the years, months, weeks and days to enable us to visualise the data. futhermore the data is given an activity level from - . the high-level overview seen below is the year-month graph. each cell is coloured based on the activity level relative to the number of harvests in the most active month. for now we use a linear calculation so gray means no activity, activity level is - % of the most active month, and level is - % of the most active month. as github fans, we have borrowed the activity level colouring from the user commit heat map.   we can visualise a more detailed view of the data as either a week-day view of the whole year, or as a view of all days since the first harvest. clicking one of these days reveals all the harvests for the given day, with links back to solrwayback to see a particular harvest.   in the graph above we see the days of all weeks of as vertical rows. the same visualisation can be made for all harvest data for the url, as seen below (cut off before , for this blog post).   there are both advantages and disadvantages to using the browser-based data calculation. one of the main advantages is a very portable frontend application. it can be used with any backend application that outputs an array of dates. the initial idea was to make the application usable for several different in-house projects. drawbacks to this approach is, of course, the scalability. currently the application processes . dates in about - seconds on the computer used to develop the application (a quad core intel i ). the application uses the frontend library vuejs and only one other dependency, the date-fns library. it is completely self-contained and it is included in a single script tag, including styles. ideas for further development. we would like to expand this to also include both: 	multiple urls, which would be nice for resources that have changed domain, subdomain or protocol over time, e.g. the url http://pol.dk, http://www.pol.dk and https://politiken.dk could be used for the danish newspaper politiken. 	domain visualisation for all urls on a domain. a challenge here will of course be the resources needed to process the data in the browser. perhaps a better calculation method must be used – or a kind of lazy loading. 							 	 			 									 						posted in blogging, solr, web					 								 	| 	 		tagged frontend, solrwayback	 										| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							solrwayback machine 			 			 									posted on february , 					by thomasegense 							 					 				another ‘google innovation week’ at work has produced the solrwayback machine. it works similar to the internet archive: wayback machine (https://archive.org/web/) and can be used to show harvested web content (warc files).  the danish internet archive has over billion harvested web objects and takes petabyte of storage. the solrwayback engine require you have indexed the warc files using the warc-indexer tool from british library. (https://github.com/ukwa/webarchive-discovery/tree/master/warc-indexer). it is quite fast and comes with some additional features as well: 	 image search similar to google images 	 link graphs showing  links (ingoing/outgoing) for domains using the d javascript framework. 	 raw download of any harvested resource from the binary arc/warc file. unfortunately  the collection is not available for the public so i can not show you the demo. but here is a few pictures from the solrwayback machine. solrwayback at github: https://github.com/netarchivesuite/solrwayback/ 							 	 			 									 						posted in uncategorized					 																	| 					 comment 											 		 		 	 			 							juxta – image collage with metadata 			 			 									posted on february , 					by toke eskildsen 							 					 				creating large collages of images to give a bird’s eye view of a collection seems to be gaining traction. two recent initiatives: 	the new york public library has a very visually pleasing presentation of public domain digitizations, but with a somewhat coarse switch between overview and details. 	nick ruest has created very large collages ( million+ images) with smooth zoom from full overview to single image, but without metadata for the individual images. combining those two ideas seemed like a logical next step and juxta was born: a fairly small bash-script for creating million-scale collages of images, with no special server side.  there’s a small (just images) demo at sblabs. presentation principle the goal is to provide a seamless transition from the full collection to individual items, making it possible to compare nearby items with each other and locate interesting ones. contextual metadata should be provided for general information and provenance. concretely, the user is presented with all images at once and can zoom in to individual images in full size. beyond a given threshold, metadata are show for the image currently under the cursor, or finger if a mobile device is used. an image description is displayed just below the focused image, to avoid disturbing the view. a link to the source of the image is provided on top. overview of historical maps meta-data for a specific map technical notes, mostly on scaling on the display side, openseadragon takes care of the nice zooming. when the user moves the focus, a tiny bit of javascript spatial math resolves image identity and visual boundaries. openseadragon uses pyramid tiles for display and supports the deep zoom protocol can be implemented using only static files. the image to display is made up of tiles of (typically) × pixels. when the view is fully zoomed, only the tiles within the viewport are requested. when the user zooms out, the tiles from the level above are used. the level above is half the width and half the height and is thus represented by ¼ the amount of tiles. and so forth. generating tiles is heavy a direct way of creating the tiles is 	create one large image of the full collage (imagemagick’s montage is good for this) 	generate tiles for the image 	scale the image down to %× % 	if the image is larger than × pixel then goto unfortunately this does not scale particularly well. depending on size and tools, it can take up terabytes of temporary disk space to create the full collage image. by introducing a size constraint, juxta removes this step: all individual source images are scaled & padded to have the exact same size. the width and height of the images are exact multiples of . then the tiles can be created by 	for each individual source image, scale, pad and split the image directly into tiles 	create the tiles at the level above individually by joining the corresponding tiles below and scale to %× % size 	if there are more than tile or that tile is larger than × pixel then goto as the tiles are generated directly from either source images or other tiles, there is no temporary storage overhead. as each source image and each tile are processed individually, it is simple to do parallel processing. metadata takes up space too displaying image-specific metadata is simple when there are just a few thousand images: use an in-memory array of strings to hold the metadata and fetch it directly from there. but when the number of images goes into the millions, this quickly becomes unwieldy. juxta groups the images spatially in buckets of × images. the metadata for all the images in a bucket are stored in the same file. when the user moved the focus to a new image, the relevant bucket is fetched from the server and the metadata are extracted. a bucket cache is used to minimize repeat calls. most file systems don’t like to hold a lot of files in the same folder while the limits differ, common file systems such as ext, hfs & ntfs all experience performance degradation with high numbers of files in the same folder. the deep zoom protocol in conjunction with file-based tiles means that the amount of files at the deepest zoom level is linear to the number of source images. if there are million source images, with full-zoom size × pixels ( × tiles), the number of files in a single folder will be * * m = million. far beyond the comfort-zone fo the mentioned file systems (see the juxta readme for tests of performance degradation). juxta mitigates this by bucketing tiles in sub-folders. this ensures linear scaling of build time at least up to - million images. million+ images would likely deteriorate build performance markedly, but at that point we are also entering “is there enough free inodes on the file system?” territory. unfortunately the bucketing of the tile files is not in the deep zoom standard. with openseadragon, it is very easy to change the mapping, but it might be more difficult for other deep zoom-expecting tools. some numbers using a fairly modern i desktop and threads, generating a collage of mpixel images, scaled down to × pixels ( × tiles) took seconds or about images/second. repeating the experiment with a down-scale to × pixels (smallest possible size) raised the speed to about ½ image/second. juxta comes with a scale-testing script that generates sample images that are close (but not equal) to the wanted size and repeats them for the collage. with this near-ideal match, processing speed was ½ images/second for × tiles and images/second for × tiles. the scale-test script has been used up to million images, with processing time practically linear to the number of images. at images/second that is hours. 							 	 			 									 						posted in uncategorized					 																	| 					leave a comment 											 		 		 	 			 							automated improvement of search in low quality ocr using word vec 			 			 									posted on february , 					by thomasegense 							 					 				this abstract has been accepted for digital humanities in the nordic countries nd conference, http://dhn .eu/ in the danish newspaper archive[ ] you can search and view million newspaper pages. the search engine[ ] uses ocr (optical character recognition) from scanned pages but often the software converting the scanned images to text makes reading errors. as a result the search engine will miss matching words due to ocr error. since many of our newspapers are old and the scans/microfilms is also low quality, the resulting ocr constitutes a substantial problem. in addition, the ocr converter performs poorly with old font types such as fraktur. one way to find ocr errors is by using the unsupervised word vec[ ] learning algorithm. this algorithm identifies words that appear in similar contexts. for a corpus with perfect spelling the algorithm will detect similar words synonyms, conjugations, declensions etc. in the case of a corpus with ocr errors the word vec algorithm will find the misspellings of a given word either from bad ocr or in some cases journalists. a given word appears in similar contexts despite its misspellings and is identified by its context. for this to work the word vec algorithm requires a huge corpus and for the newspapers we had gb of raw text. given the words returned by word vec we use a danish dictionary to remove the same word in different grammatical forms. the remaining words are filtered by a similarity measure using an extended version of levenshtein distance taking the length of the word and an idempotent normalization taking frequent one and two character ocr errors into account. example: let’s say you use the word vec to find words for banana and it returns: hanana, bananas, apple, orange. remove bananas using the (english) dictionary since this is not an ocr error. for the three remaining words only hanana is close to banana and it is thus the only misspelling of banana found in this example. the word vec algorithm does not know how a words is spelled/misspelled, it only uses the semantic and syntactic context. this method is not an automatic ocr error corrector and cannot output the corrected ocr. but when searching it will appear as if you are searching in an ocr corrected text corpus. single word searches on the full corpus gives an increase from % to % in the number of results returned. preliminary tests on the full corpus shows only relative few false positives among the additional results returned, thus increasing recall substantially without a decline in precision. the advantage of this approach is a quick win with minimum impact on a search engine [ ] based on low quality ocr. the algorithm generates a text file with synonyms that can be used by the search engine. not only single words but also phrase search with highlighting works out of the box. an ocr correction demo[ ] using word vec on the danish newspaper corpus is available on the labs[ ] pages of the state and university library, denmark. [ ] mediestream, the danish digitized newspaper archive. http://www .statsbiblioteket.dk/mediestream/avis [ ] solr or elasticsearch etc. [ ] mikolov et al., efficient estimation of word representations in vector space https://arxiv.org/abs/ . [ ] ocr error detection demo (change word parameter in url) http://labs.statsbiblioteket.dk/dsc/ocr_fixer.jsp?word=statsminister [ ] labs for state and university library, denmark http://www.statsbiblioteket.dk/sblabs/   							 	 			 									 						posted in uncategorized					 																	| 					 comments 											 		 		 	 				 					← older posts 					 				 			 		 		 						 			 			 				 				 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 			 	 				archives 					june 	october 	march 	october 	july 	may 	march 	february 	november 	july 	march 	january 	november 	october 	september 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	august 	june 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	june 	april 	march 	february 	january 	september 	may 	march 	february 	january 	november 	october 	september 	june 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	october 	september 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 			 	 				meta 					register 	log in 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 					software development at royal danish library				 							 			 								create a free website or blog at wordpress.com. 			 		 	 		 		 	 	 		 			 				 					 						software development at royal danish library					 				 				 					create a free website or blog at wordpress.com. 				 			 		 				 		 		 					 	 	 		 			add your thoughts here... 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					scaling machine-assisted description of historical records 											october , 									 	 					social feed manager takeaways 											october , 									 	 					arrangement and description in the cloud: a preliminary analysis 											september , 									 	 					installing social feed manager locally 											june , 									 	 					preserving email report summary 											january , 									 	 					introducing archival connections 											august , 									 					 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 			 			 	 	 		platform monopolies and archives 	 	 		i am at the interpares trust north american team meeting in vancouver, and the issue of platform monopolies has risen to the top of my mind. here is a quick list of readings i’ve thrown together while listening to and engaging in the discussion: 		 			 			 			dvhhj 			 			 			 			items 			 			 			 			default 			asc 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			https://www.archivalconnections.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/ 			 			 for now, i don’t have much to say, other than this: as a profession, we need to think deeply about how to be, and how to act in the current media environment, in which monopolies are facilitating and encouraging the political, social, and economic dysfunction that is the defining characteristic of our times. 	 	 	 		posted on november , november , 			 	 	 		sia workshop links 	 	 		just sharing a few links for use during the sia workshop i’ll be teaching later today: 	google form for exercises 	sia workshop slides 	 	 	 		posted on october , 			 	 	 		scaling machine-assisted description of historical records 	 	 		one of the questions i’ve been grappling with as part of the archival connections research project is simple: is there a future for the finding aid?  i’m inclined to think not, at least not in the form we are used to. looking to the future, i recently had the chance to propose something slightly different, and have proposed a potential project for funding via an amazon research grant. while the jury is still out on the proposal (an answer is coming in mid-december), i’d like to share a copy of the proposal, scaling machine-assisted description of historical materials. the idea i describe there seeks to build on an emergent digital repository and library infrastructure that is being built by the university of illinois library.  it seeks to integrate natural language processing and named entity recognition elements to index and provide relational browsing pathways alongside file-system access.  i’ll  have more to say about this at the society of indiana archivists meeting tomorrow. 	 	 	 		posted on october , comment on scaling machine-assisted description of historical records			 	 	 		social feed manager takeaways 	 	 		later this week, i’ll be introducing the archival connections project at the society of indiana archivists meeting.  during the first year of this project, one focus of my work was evaluating and developing some recommendations for using social feed manager, a tool developed by george washington university libraries. my full report is here, for those interested:  https://gwu-libraries.github.io/sfm-ui/resources/sfmreportprom .pdf. without going into too much detail, here is what i feel like i learned while working on this report, at least as far as it relates to the archival connections project: first and foremost: data models matter. as i indicated in the report, the sfm’s underlying database and data model are both simple and elegant. since the application focuses on doing one thing and doing it well, the database directly translates into user interface components that make the application a joy to use.  while the project team hired a usability consultant to improve the app, the tweaks made by the team in response to the report simply added polish to an already strong interface.  while i won’t be so impolitic as to compare sfm to other archival tools, the application works well, in part, because the various data object and the tables that underly them represent things that exist in the real world, not abstractions or vague concepts that are hard for staff to understand or programmers to translate into an interface. second: archivists should become better api consumers.  one of the things that fascinates me most about sfm is the fact that it connects directly to the twitter api and slurps up all of the metadata supplied by it.  thinking broadly, the archival and information professions are doing a lot to build and use our own api’s or data providers, but less to interact with those supplied by the data companies that now order our lives.   for example, do we have an api that line archivists (as opposed to technical staff) can connect to (a) google drive, box.com, outlook , or facebook,  (b), harvest records from those systems, and (c) prep them for deposit in a digital repository?  not that i am aware of, but we should. without them, we can’t capture records and preservation metadata at or near the point that records created (h/t david bearman). third: the metadata that apis supply is a two-edged sword.   once you dig into their json files, you quickly see that twitter supplies a lot of what the oais reference model calls preservation metadata: dates and times tweets were published, times the tool captured it, etc.  as a baseline, such data will help people make future claims about the authenticity of these records or mine them as data.  but given the relative lack of descriptive metadata and the fact that bots and other non-human agents control so many twitter accounts (not to mention the fact that many users’ handles tell you little to nothing about their real identity), this metadata in itself is not sufficient to say something is authentic or not authentic or to wring much value from the dataset.  that requires (wait for it . . . ) a person interpreting the records using all of the intelligence they can muster. finally: aggregations matter now more than ever.   i was a bit taken aback a few months ago when the committee charged with revising dacs made no mention of provenance, original order, arranging files or levels of description in their draft principles.  while their work had much to recommend it,  the lack of any mention like an oversight, and an important one.   my work with sfm has convinced me that aggregations and provenance are even more important when working with records harvested from the cloud.  given the free-floating, intertwined nature of records found in social media or other ‘cloud’ platforms, it seems to me that the act of capturing records by an archivist results in an aggregation.  for instance, sfm generates a set of tweets, but that set is the result of an archivist’s activity to shape the collection.  and this aggregation and the provenance behind it deserve to be described as such, with as much transparency about the archivist’s role as possible.  in short, archivists can and must do a good job of arranging and describing materials at a collection or series level, there is no workaround for this core archival function, even–or perhaps especially–when extracting item based metadata and records from the platforms that now rule many people daily work and social lives. 	 	 	 		posted on october , october , 			 	 	 		arrangement and description in the cloud: a preliminary analysis 	 	 		i’m posting a preprint of some early work related to the archival connections project.  this work will be published as a book chapter/proceedings by the archiveschule in marburg.  in the meantime, here is the preprint: 	archival arrangement and description in the cloud a preliminary analysis 	 	 	 		posted on september , august , 			 	 		posts navigation 		page page next page 	 		 	 	 	 		 						proudly powered by wordpress 		 	 shelley gullikson – usability and user experience in academic libraries. mine mostly. 	skip to content 	 		 							shelley gullikson 							usability and user experience in academic libraries. mine mostly. 					 		 			 				 				menu			 				about 		 	 	 		 	 		 		 						 				 	 		web librarians who do ux: access presentation 	 			 			 		 				 			october , ~ shelley			 ~ leave a comment					 				 		 this is the text (approximately) of my presentation from the virtual access conference on oct. , , “web librarians who do ux: we are so sad, we are so very very sad.” last year, i was doing interviews with library people who do user experience work and noticed that people who were primarily focused on the web had the most negative comments and fewest positive comments overall. it made me think of the song from scott pilgrim—the comic and the movie—“i am so sad, i am so very very sad.” so there’s the title.  and i’m saying “we are so sad” because i am also a web person who does ux work. and a lot of what i heard seemed familiar. i want to say that although the title and the visuals are based around a comic and comic book movie, i’m not trying to be flip. a lot of the people who i talked to were very open about being unhappy. not everyone was unhappy. but, there was a lot in common among the people who said they were struggling and those who were pretty positive. here are some quotes from people who were generally pretty positive : 	“how much can i do that no one will block me from doing?” 	“why am i really here then, if i’m just moving things around the page?” 	 [i keep feedback] “for promotion purposes but also not-being-sad purposes.” and from the not-so-positive : 	“you have all the people who have their own personal opinions… and you’re like “you’re violating every good norm of website development”… they think their opinion is just as good as anyone else’s opinion. … that can definitely demoralize you.” 	“i bounce back and forth between, for my own sanity’s sake, needing to be apathetic about it, saying ‘i can’t change this therefore i can’t be stressed about it’, and also on the other hand, caring that we have crappy stuff out there and wanting to improve it.” 	“it is what it is. there’s lots of other things to be disappointed by.” heartbreaking, right? so why is this the case? first  a tiny bit of background on the research project. the aim of the project was to look at how ux work is structured and supported in academic libraries and then to examine those supports within the context of the structures. i did hour-long semi-structured interviews with people in academic libraries from countries (canada, the us, the uk, sweden, and norway). these were library workers who do ux, so not necessarily librarians, and not necessarily people in ux positions. the people i’m talking about today focus mostly on the web in their jobs. the frustrations of web folks were particularly  striking because i didn’t ask a question about frustrations; i asked what supports were helpful to them and what would be helpful. admittedly, asking “what would be helpful” is going to bring up deficiencies, but i didn’t ask what supports were missing or what they found frustrating in their work. and again, the web folks talked more about frustrations and difficulties than participants who didn’t have a web focus. so let’s dig in a bit. why, specifically, are we so sad? first off, we have a tendency to want to think big! do more! 	“that’s what motivates me—the opportunity to really sit down, talk, observe, have a conversation with our users, how they approach the website, how they approach the research process, how they approach finding out about our services and how we in turn can better highlight our resources, how we can better highlight our collections, our services.” 	 “if i see people struggling with things, i want to make them better.” 	“i don’t want ux to be just a website thing. i don’t want people to think of it ‘oh, it’s just a web thing.’ i want it to be in everything.” 	“i just see lots of potential all the time. i see potential everywhere, the whole library. i see things we could do that would enhance things.” that doesn’t sound sad. there’s energy and excitement in those words! but contrast it with: 	“why am i really here then, if i’m just moving things around the page? i’m trying to get deeper. i’m trying to get a better understanding. it’s not just a matter of moving things around.” web people who do ux are, i think, well positioned—and perhaps uniquely positioned—to see big picture problems across the library. one participant told me they found that users were confused about the circulation section of the website because there were different policies underlying it; they could rewrite the web content but couldn’t do anything about the underlying spaghetti of policies. another said that users found the floor maps confusing but the maps reflected the language used on the library’s signage; they could put clear language on the website’s floor maps but couldn’t do anything about the signage in the building. so we see these problems and naturally want to solve them. we get excited about the potential to make more things better. and we chafe against having to think smaller and do less. which brings us to: lack of authority. lack of authority often comes up around those larger library issues. one participant put it this way: 	“the ux work is actually informing something else to happen. whether that’s a space being reorganized or a webpage being redesigned—the ux work is informing this other work. right? so it would be easier for me to do the ux work if i could actually do the work that it’s informing.” 	another person was even having problems at the research stage: [i’d like to] “have the authority and freedom to actively engage with users.” 	and someone else, in talking specifically about their web work said: “nobody tries to stop me.” the implication being that people try to stop them when they do other things. but for many participants there was a lack of authority even when dealing with the library website: 	“the web team doesn’t feel like they can really make changes without consult, consult, consult with everybody even though – even if, and even though – the web team has web expertise.” 	 “just because i’m our internal expert on this stuff doesn’t mean i can persuade everybody.” 	“there’s too much of a sense that these things have to be decided by consensus” 	“everyone feels… like they should have the right to declare how databases should work, how links should be configured, things like that.” 	[each library unit feels] “they have the right to do whatever they want with their content and their presentation. … i’m not their boss and they realize that.  i’m happy to draw up more guidelines and stuff like that but if i’m not allowed to enforce that… [it’s] hard to keep things together when you just have to go hat in hand to people and say ‘pretty please, stop breaking the guidelines.’” one participant described how having no authority for the one thing they were responsible for made them feel: “of course that has stymied my initiative, not to mention my disposition. my purpose even.” another frustration that came through was resistance from colleagues. a few comments have already touched on colleagues ignoring expertise but resistance comes through in other ways 	one participant described how they always approach a particular department: [i’m] “treading very slowly and carefully and choosing my words very carefully” 	another said: “are they deliberately killing the idea but trying to avoid being disagreeable about it but just letting it die from attrition, or do they really actually mean it when they say they agree with the idea in principle but just don’t want to be bothered to follow through? i don’t know – i can’t tell the difference.” these are things participants were told by their colleagues: 	a manager said that “staff felt unfairly targeted” by their work 	in opposing to changes to the website: “we have to keep it this way because we teach it this way” 	and similarly, “it’s our job to teach people how to use, not our job to make it easier to use.” so, not surprisingly, these kinds of things make us feel isolated. feelings of isolation come through in a few ways. some participants felt they were completely on their own when deciding where to focus their attention. this is one participant talking about being new in their position: 	“i remember asking for, if there were any focuses they wanted to focus on… they said ‘no, there’s nothing. we don’t have any direction for you to go in.” that lack of direction is often coupled with not having colleagues who do the same work: 	“it’s really me and up to me to figure out where to focus my attention by myself. so sometimes having someone to bounce ideas off of and talk things through with… would be nice.” and when no one else does what you do: 	“sometimes that’s a barrier, if i’m the ‘expert’ and other people don’t really know what i’m talking about.” so, isolation, having to think small and do less, resistance from colleagues, and lack of authority. yeah, no wonder we feel a bit sad. what are my take-aways? we need to find our people. ux folks who worked with groups of colleagues were more positive about their work. however, people who tried to do ux work with non-ux committees were even more negative than people who had no group at all. so we can’t just look for any people, they have to be the right people. i wrote an article about the larger project that was published in weave earlier this month and in it, one of my recommendations was to try to move beyond the website. but i want to say here that moving beyond the web is not a panacea. i talked to someone who had great success in ux for the website and other digital projects. they wanted to embed ux throughout the library and they had management support to do it. but after continued resistance from colleagues, they realized they couldn’t make it work, and decided to move to a completely different area of the library. which brings me to my next point. advocacy is important, absolutely, but when we’re not getting buy-in, we need look at next steps: do we need to change our tactics? would it be better to have someone else advocate on our behalf? do we need to wait for a change of leadership? or, as a few participants said, a few retirements? at a certain point, do we give up, or do we get out? because advocacy doesn’t always work. and if it’s not working , we shouldn’t keep banging our heads against the post, right? ultimately , i think we need to be clear about authority. we need to understand how authority works in our own library. not just who can block us and who can help, but are there organizational structures that confer some authority? is it better to chair a committee or a working group? for example. then, we need a clear understanding of what our own authority is within our organization. maybe we underestimate the authority we have. maybe not. but we need to be clear before we get to the next part. which is: we need to clearly understand our own tolerance for doing work that will never be acted on. the report that sits in a drawer. if our tolerance is low, if it’s upsetting to have our work ignored, then we need to stick very closely to our own sphere of authority. we have to dream within that sphere or burn out. “dream small or burn out” is an exceptionally grim note to end on.  but these frustrations are largely beyond one person’s control. if you’re feeling so very very sad because of some of these things, it’s not just you. the fact that these issues were common to web folks, regardless of how they seemed to feel about their work, suggests that these positions are prone to these kinds of frustrations. i wish i had some ideas for how to fix it! if you do,  please add them to the chat, tweet at me, email me (see contact info). i’ll gather it all in a blog post so it’s all in one spot. thanks. 			 			 						 	 			 				 	 		the tpl debacle: values vs people 	 				 			october , ~ shelley			 ~ comment					 				 		i can’t stop thinking about the situation at tpl. the short version is that the library has accepted a room rental from an anti-trans speaker, and despite outcry from trans people and their allies, despite a petition and a boycott by writers, despite their own policy on room rentals not allowing events that promote discrimination, they insist on letting the event proceed. some library associations are supporting them because librarians love being champions of intellectual freedom. many people have made cogent arguments about why tpl’s stance is wrong (see posts by fobazi ettarh, sam popowich, kris joseph). i agree. but there seemed to be more of a reason why the whole thing made me so sad. i’m writing because i think i’ve figured it out. in its two public statements on the matter, tpl has made sure to say that they “are supporters of the lgbtq s+ community.” they “are aware that the upcoming room rental event has caused anger and concern.” but the “community is asking us to censor someone because of the beliefs they hold and to restrict a group’s right to equitably access public space and we cannot do either. doing so would also weaken our ability to protect others’ rights to the same in the future.” fine. but they also said “while tpl encourages public debate and discussion about differing ideas, we also encourage those with opposing or conflicting viewpoints to respectfully challenge each other’s ideas and not the library’s democratic mandate to provide space for both.” that doesn’t sound super supportive. and at the board meeting held on october where the matter was discussed, it was clear they were more concerned with a respectful tone than with actually listening and understanding. reading how the trans women who spoke at that meeting felt about how they were treated was heartbreaking. so @torontolibrary is only letting of us into the room to speak or engage the board. they’ve moved most of our group into an overflow room. they had extra security guards and obviously have a plan for how they want to contain us. — runaway supernova (@gwenbenaway) october , i had to leave after i spoke. being forced to recount all of the transphobic violence that i face in daily life to the tpl board in a room of strangers and watch them stare silently at me as if i was subhuman was one of the worst experiences of my life. — runaway supernova (@gwenbenaway) october , i asked @vbowlestpl directly if she would say that trans women were women and she refused. i asked the entire board if they thought that i should use men’s restrooms and if they thought that would be safe. silence again. — runaway supernova (@gwenbenaway) october , no one on the @torontolibrary should serve this community, especially not @vbowlestpl , because regardless of their transphobic beliefs, they couldn’t even acknowledge my humanity in that moment. — runaway supernova (@gwenbenaway) october ,   i want to thank everyone that was there. i had to leave after i spoke, it was a lot to sit in front of people that barely seemed to care i was speaking. thank you all for your support and love both in the room and out of it. — niko stratis (@nikostratis) october , the tpl board and staff showed us their true colours and allegiances tonight. gwen was the only person to be called at time and that’s because she was asking them to treat her like a human. tonight was disgusting and dehumanizing. https://t.co/yauxcbk er — niko stratis (@nikostratis) october , the tpl board showed us who they are and who they support today. i feel awful, like i have never felt. that was dehumanizing, to throw my trauma out on a table to a sea of uncaring eyesx waiting to move to the next agenda item. i feel honestly sick to my stomach. https://t.co/lippmln rc — niko stratis (@nikostratis) october , it does not sound like these women were talking to “supporters” of their community. and that is what’s making me extra sad about the whole thing. not only is tpl choosing to value intellectual freedom more than they value trans people in their community, they are choosing to value intellectual freedom instead of valuing trans people in their community. it is not incompatible with upholding intellectual freedom to also acknowledge that it’s doing harm. tpl could reach out to the community and say “we know this event makes trans people feel unsafe. but we’re convinced that not allowing it to go forward will set a precedent for future decisions to shut down other events, possibly those that actively support trans people, and we cannot let that happen. we understand that this event will cause harm and undermine our relationships with lgbtq s+ people and your allies. what can we do to mitigate this harm?” it’s not as good as cancelling the event entirely, but at least it would show that tpl has been listening to its community. it would show that they have thought through the consequences of choosing values over people. it would show that they are not just “aware” of “anger and concern” but they understand the fears, risks, and harm their actions are causing. and of course, the community would have every right to tell them, no, there is nothing you can do to mitigate this harm. but that doesn’t mean tpl shouldn’t try. to not just say “we uphold intellectual freedom,” but to acknowledge exactly what that means in this particular case. i’m reminded of the saying that goes something like “your right to swing your arm ends when your fist meets my face.” tpl is insisting that they have the right to keep swinging. fine. but they have been told that their fist has already met the face of the trans community. the compassionate thing would be to offer first aid. but tpl is not interested. which, sadly, speaks volumes. it makes it crystal clear that they do not care about the trans community. it makes it crystal clear that they believe that the trans community and its allies are dispensable to their operations. the consequences of their decision (or, to be fair, their decision not to make a decision) are acceptable collateral damage; they are happy to make no attempt to mitigate any of it. if they really were supporters of the lgbtq s+ community, they would be supporting the lgbtq s+ community. in a way, it’s not surprising that the trans community is the group that so many librarians are choosing to not care about. being trans is simultaneously visible and invisible. a trans person may be visibly trans in that they do not present in the way that some might expect, but what makes them trans is inside them, not outside. what makes a person trans is in their heart and their mind. they know who they are *inside* in a way that cannot be seen by people who don’t know them (people who do know them can see how much happier they are when their outside gets closer to matching their inside). but to the outside eye, to the dispassionate eye, there is no evidence. and without evidence, their trans-ness can be seen as just a belief. and if it’s just a belief, well then, we can debate it. and we should debate it because, as librarians, we are champions of intellectual freedom. i so wish that we were champions of people instead. 			 	 			 				 	 		library workers and resilience: more than self-care 	 				 			october , ~ shelley			 ~ leave a comment					 				 		an article in the globe and mail this spring about resilience was a breath of fresh air—no talk about “grit” or bootstraps or changing your own response to a situation. it was written by michael ungar, the canada research chair in child, family, and community resilience at dalhousie university and leader of the resilience research centre there. the research shows that what’s around us is much more important than what’s inside us when it comes to dealing with stress. the article was adapted from ungar’s book, the now-published change your world: the science of resilience and the true path to success. i know, the title is a little cringey. and honestly, some of the book veers into self-help-style prose even as it decries the self-help industry. but on the whole, there is quite a lot that it interesting here. i was looking at it for an upcoming project on help-seeking, but it keeps coming to mind during discussions about self-care and burnout among library workers. ungar writes of the myth of the “rugged individual” who can persevere through their own determination and strength of character. we get fed a lot of stories about rugged individuals, but ungar has found that when you look closely at them, what you find instead are “resourced individuals”—people who have support from the people and environment around them. “resilience is not a do-it-yourself endeavor. striving for personal transformation will not make us better when our families, workplaces, communities, health care providers, and governments provide us with insufficient care and support.” (p. ) ungar is mostly focused on youth but also writes about workplaces, even though this is not his direct area of research. two passages in particular caught my eye: “every serious look at workplace stress has found that when we try and influence workers’ problems in isolation, little change happens. … most telling, when individual solutions are promoted in workplaces where supervisors do not support their workers… resilience training may actually make matters worse, not better.” (p. ) a now-removed article in school library journal explained how one library worker changed herself to deal with her burnout. the reaction to this article was swift and strong. many of us know that individual stories of triumph over adversity are bullshit, particularly when we have seen those same efforts fail in our own contexts. i have found it validating to find research backs that up. ungar does allow that there are times when changing oneself can work—either a) when stress is manageable and we already have the resources (if you can afford to take two weeks off to go to a meditation retreat, why not), or b) when there is absolutely nothing else you can do to change your environment or circumstances (your job is terrible but you can’t leave it and you’ve tried to do what you can to improve things, so sure take some time to meditate at your desk to get you through your day). but most of us live somewhere between perfectly-resourced and completely hopeless. so what needs to be fixed is our environment, not ourselves. i have noticed resilience has been coming up as a theme in my own university over the last year or so—workshops on becoming more resilient or fostering resilient employees. ungar says “to be resilient is to find a place where we can be ourselves and be appreciated for the contributions that we make.” that’s not something individuals can do by themselves. people in leadership positions would do well to better understand the research behind resilience rather than the self-help inspired, grit-obsessed, bootstraps version. workshops and other initiatives that focus on individuals will not fix anything. at best, they are resources for people who are already doing pretty well. at worst, they add to the burden of people already struggling by making them feel like their struggles are caused by their own insufficiency. anyway, these are just some thoughts based on a single book; i’m nowhere in the realm of knowledgeable on this subject. but i thought it might be helpful to share that there is research that backs up the lived experience of the many library workers who struggle in their organizations, despite their own best efforts.   			 	 			 				 	 		research projects: call for help 	 				 			june , ~ shelley			 ~ leave a comment					 				 		i’m on a year-long sabbatical as of july and excited to get started on a few different research projects. for two of the projects, i’m going to need some help from the uxlibs/libux community. in one of them, i want to look at love letters that users have written to academic libraries so i need people to send me love letters their users have written. in the other, i want to look at the different ways ux work is structured and supported in academic libraries so i need people who are willing to participate in an interview that will take around minutes. do you want to know more? read more about the love letters project. or, read more about the ux work project. i am happy to answer any and all questions: shelley.gullikson[at]carleton.ca or @shelley_gee on twitter, or in the comments below. thank you in advance for considering! and endless appreciation if you decide to help! 			 	 			 				 	 		uxlibsv: notes 	 				 			june , june , ~ shelley			 ~ comment					 				 		five years of uxlibs – hurrah! let’s dive straight in. barriers to ux design: andy priestner andy kicked off the conference with his address about why he thinks not many of us are moving beyond research reports when it comes to doing ux work in our libraries: 	we see research as the finish line. ux is about uncovering actionable insights, not about statistical significance 	we’re terrible at idea generation. we tend to get set on the first “safe” idea we come up with. 	we pursue perfection. instead, we should evolve services with our users. 	we’re too cautious. after talking with library directors, andy thinks library staff perceive less agency than we actually have; directors say they want their staff to try new things. 	we’re not agile enough. not everyone needs to be consulted before we can take action. 	issues around ownership and politics. there is uncertainty about where ux sits and the scope is misunderstood. 	ignoring the basics. ux is often perceived as innovation (and institutions love innovation) but ux can also be sorting out the basics. 	fear of failure. we overreact to negative comments. failure is not modeled; we may hear that it’s okay to fail but we don’t tend to see it. andy then gave some examples of projects where libraries created prototypes out of their ux research, and iterated to improve the design to actually meet user needs. leadership is key—my ux journey: anneli friberg anneli gave a very warm and personal keynote, talking about her experiences growing ux at her library. one of the things that stood out most for me was her explanation of how “the user perspective” is different from “the user’s perspective.” library workers often feel they have “the user perspective” because they spend so much time serving users. but anneli said that this “user perspective” is only ever the best guess of library workers, looking from the inside-out. “the user’s perspective” is outside-in; we walk along with our users to learn what they actually do, say, and feel. it’s not a guess. anneli showed us her version of a ux maturity model (created in swedish and translated into english). she talked about the importance of recognizing what kind of organization you work in and where you are in the maturity model. she spoke about the frustrations she encountered when her library was in the early stages of maturity and how it helped her to have an external network she could rely on for support. to get through the frustration of the early stages of ux maturity, you have to shape the culture of your library. anneli recommended leading this culture change by example. michael west has said “the core of leadership is compassion and kindness” and lays out four aspects of leadership: attending, understanding, empathizing, and helping. he describes “attending” as “listening with fascination,” which i really like as an idea. a few other interesting bits from anneli’s keynote: 	failure is success in progress 	do idea generation together with your users 	take pictures of how students are using the library so you can easily show needs and gaps (e.g. a student hanging their coat on shelved books points to the need for coat hooks!) 	lead by clearing the path (help remove barriers for others) anneli had some interesting and useful things to say about failure. she believes that having a project fail was an important step in moving her ux vision forward. her team did some research, found a problem, and wanted to try a solution. anneli was pretty sure it wouldn’t work, but didn’t discourage them. they launched the solution and, sure enough, it didn’t work as well as they’d hoped. but having the experience of a failure, they were able to move on and try other things. they saw that failure wasn’t the end of the world, that the important thing was to try something, learn, and move on to try something else. neurodiversity, universal design and secrets of the library: penny andrews penny started her plenary talk by defining what neurodiversity is and is not. she then talked about how neurodiverse people experience the library. and often it’s not good. libraries have a lot of unwritten rules and unspoken social norms, and this is very challenging for neurodiverse students. library staff often don’t want to be the police so we expect users to manage the space themselves. but this usually relies on those unspoken social norms. clarity of the rules and enforcement of those rules would help neurodiverse students. silent study spaces can be difficult because they are never actually silent. it’s easier to hear things like people chewing and keyboards clacking in silent areas. but often, silent areas are where individual study spaces are found. having individual spaces in non-silent areas could be helpful. penny told us that most neurodiverse students do not ask for individual accommodations, or else wait until their situation is completely unbearable. autistic students are most likely to drop out within their first year. but if they continue, they tend to have the highest marks. so, what can libraries do? 	be upfront with our information (not hide it under “services for disabled students”). library websites have so much information and no good way into it. 	related, be specific with our communications. don’t just say “we’re here to help!” but make it clear how and why to make a one-on-one appointment. 	use universal design and consider various people’s needs from the start, not as an add-on. we can’t do one-size-fits-all because of competing needs, but our designs can account for these competing needs. 	don’t depend on disability services as a liaison. not all students declare their disabilities so disability services won’t know what those students need. 	recruiting can be difficult. talk to people in the library who look like they’re not having a good time. go to special interest groups that might draw neurodiverse people (penny recommended something geek-related). regular recruiting methods often bring out the outliers who always want to join in and who don’t represent the majority of neurodiverse people. 	always go in assuming we know nothing. a little bit of knowledge (knowing one neurodiverse person) is worse than knowing nothing. neurodiverse people are a diverse group. after penny’s presentation, someone asked her if there were certain ux research methods that neurodiverse people found difficult. penny responded that ambiguous prompts—particularly things like “draw your research experience” or “build your ideal library”—tend to be difficult, as is anything with group work. definitely good things to keep in mind. tales of the unexpected: hannah fogg and lorraine noel both speakers talked about the experiences of having front-line staff engage in ux work at their libraries. hannah started off with the experience at angela ruskin university (aru). at aru, they didn’t want ux to be just for librarians, so they brought in andy priestner to do ux training for their frontline staff. as part of the training, the staff did mini ux projects using their newfound knowledge of ux research methods. having “mini” projects was meant to not overwhelm some staff who might be scared off by a big project, and at the same time not give free rein to others who would be tempted to be too ambitious. one of the projects hannah highlighted was a mapping exercise that showed users completely avoiding the print journals shelving (they diverged to one side or the other), so a decision was made to move those shelves out of that area of the library entirely. lorraine was up next to talk about the experience at huddersfield. they had seen what aru had done and wanted to replicate it, in hopes of professionalizing their front-line staff and enhancing the user experience. bryony ramsden led the workshops for huddersfield staff. attendance was mandatory and they also had to work in groups on a “modest ux project.” those groups had to include staff from at least two different areas of the library (i love that idea!), and each of the groups had a manager as a “guide on the side.” there were a lot of benefits to the huddersfield experience, but lorraine also mentioned that there was some initial resentment from staff, likely due to the mandatory nature of the project. hannah said that at aru, staff appreciated learning skills in project management that could help with their career progression. also, aru lost their ux expert and staff were happy to feel empowered to carry on the ux work on their own. passionate about floorplans: tim graves (i was excited about this session because floorplans are the bane of my existence. we get a lot of requests to make them fancier or add functionality, but keeping them up to date is a constant struggle. i finally resigned myself to walking through our floors three times a year, making any necessary corrections on printed versions of our maps so i can update the ones on the web. the maps posted in our building get updated by the campus facilities people and at times bear little resemblance to the web versions. argh!) anyway, tim also wanted to improve the floorplans on the website of the university of sussex. the library was receiving a lot of questions about how to find things in the library and tim thought that better floorplans on the website might help people better navigate to what they needed. first, he came up with a version based on printed floorplans, but they were too complex and not responsive on smaller screens. inspired by the london tube map, he created a simplified version, but discovered it was *too* abstracted from reality to be useful. the “just right” solution came after he did a lot of reading in the design literature (especially alberto savoia and jeanne liedtka & tim ogilvie) and started iterating his design with users. tim mentioned the usefulness of “pretotyping” a solution to see if it’s worth getting to the prototyping stage. a pretotype is essentially a very rough, low-fi prototype. it might be a good thing to keep in mind if you work with people who find it difficult to create quick and dirty prototypes. you could say “we don’t need a prototype yet, let’s just pretotype it!” even though *you* know a prototype can just be a rough sketch, they can think it’s a whole different (and new!) thing. you can see tim’s improved floorplans. and he said that he’s happy to share the code that drives them. you can contact tim at t.c.graves[at]sussex.ac.uk. appreciative inquiry workshop: kristin meyer appreciative inquiry is a method that helps people focus on solutions instead of problems, leads groups to action, and does so in a very positive way. i was really excited about this workshop because anything that kristin does always seems excellent. i was not disappointed. the workshop started with an introduction to appreciative inquiry and then kristin led us through a sped-up process of appreciate inquiry as we worked through an issue that’s been raised through ux research at her own library. the steps we took: 	connect to purpose: look at the big picture and why this problem is important. how could exploring this area benefit users? 	frame it and flip it: clearly state the problem so that everyone is on the same page. then, think about the desired state instead of the problem and come up with a question to help us explore what we desire for our users. 	dream of the ideal future: think about words and phrases that describe an ideal solution. how will success look and feel? 	ideate: we skipped this step in the workshop because it takes a lot of time. kristin mentioned her favourite ideation technique is brainwriting, described in the book gamestorming ( ). 	prototype internally: our colleagues may have good ideas and asking them for feedback can help build early buy-in. generative questions keep things positive: what do you like about this idea? how can we improve this idea? 	prototype with users: again, we skipped this step because we had no users to prototype with. i liked step , where we flipped the problem into a desired state. i’m guessing that thinking of “what do we want to happen” instead of “what do we want to stop” could help avoid the “solution” of putting up a sign or trying to curb behaviour with punitive measures. i also really like the idea of connecting to colleagues with generative questions, rather than asking for general feedback. andy may have said that not everyone needs to be consulted, but sometimes it’s important or useful to consult our colleagues. using generative questions would be a way to lessen the chances of hearing “that will never work” or “why don’t you do x instead?” advanced interview techniques: danielle cooper since i’m about to embark on a project that involves a lot of interviewing, i thought it made sense to make sure that i took advantage of any opportunity to improve my skills in this area. danielle has a lot of experience with interviewing users in her job at ithaka s+r. the short version of this workshop is that the best way to get better at interviewing is to keep doing it, so we spent most of the time in groups of taking turns being interviewer, interviewee, and observer. danielle gave us some practical tips as well. to probe for more information, from least obtrusive to most: 	silence 	non-verbal affirmation 	echoing the response 	affirmative neutral comments 	repeating or clarifying the interview question 	summarize and synthesize the answer 	simply saying “tell me more” if participants are not very forthcoming, you can try a variety of these probes. be willing to cut your losses and end the interview if you’re not getting any useful information. on the other hand, if participants are way too chatty, you can try the following: 	gentle inattention 	polite transitions 	graceful interruptions working in difficult environments: lessons from the world of civic design: suzanne chapman suzanne started her keynote with some examples of behaviour that many of us recognized from our workplaces. she then pointed out that these behaviours were from the simple sabotage field manual from the oss (predecessor to the cia), a document explaining to spies how to sabotage enemy organizations. she gave a quotation from a senior person in one of the organizations she’d worked in: “we are trying to do as much end user testing as possible without actually talking to users.” suzanne noted that ux maturity models, such as the one anneli showed in her keynote, are missing the part where humans are difficult and sabotage-y. she also noted that doing ux in libraries is extremely hard. but this work can be made easier if everyone can agree on specific guiding principles. she shared seven that she uses at the centre for civic design: 	do the most good for the most people who need it the most (italics mine). this goes beyond the / rule and looks at need rather than just numbers. 	delivery is the strategy. given the choice between culture change and “getting shit done,” they have chosen to let culture change come second. 	work lean, iterate quickly. sometimes this means doing the least shitty thing, but it always means that you should only make *new* mistakes. 	we use design to make things better. design means working your way through the problem in order to reach a solution, not just grabbing a solution. 	we design with users, not for them. this is similar to anneli’s message to take the “user’s perspective” rather than the “user perspective.” also, research is done with a goal of improvement, not just for learning. 	hire and empower great people. and there has to be agreement about what it means to be empowered; there should not be responsibility without authority. these principles may not resonate, or even be possible in your library. but going through the process of deciding what your library’s guiding principles are can be your anti-sabotage model. my web committee went through this process, based on guiding principles suzanne wrote while she was still working in libraries. the process was very helpful in making sure we really were on the same page. it’s also a useful document to show people coming on to the committee for the first time. it would definitely be *more* useful if it went beyond just our committee, but it’s something. if you’re interested, we’ve made our guiding principles public. uxvr: the potential of virtual reality to ux research: victor alfson victor spoke about a project he did at the black mountain library in stockholm. he asked users to create a great library for themselves using a vr headset, tilt brush (a d-painting app), and a d model of the existing library. he asked participants to narrate their actions, but also jumped in with questions. it’s a similar task to what you could do with pen and paper, but using vr gave a different angle. to recruit participants, victor asked the (possibly slighty creepy) question, “do you want to come down to the basement to try something cool?” / people that he asked agreed to participate! and once they were there, they stayed—for minutes on average— because the task was novel and engaging. victor found that participants were very candid in what they said, and he wondered if that was due to people feeling like they were in a private space. with the vr headset on, they were alone in the d library space, with victor’s disembodied voice occasionally asking them questions. so what did users draw and talk about? well, it was the usual things: food, noise, finding the right kind of space. but the insights were interesting. a few kids drew a mcdonalds in the library, and went on to say that they just wanted to be able to eat their snack without a librarian bugging them. one kid drew a vortex in the library that would take them directly to their home. victor asked further about this and found out that this kid had to take two buses and the metro to get home from the library. i wondered if this kind of thing would have come out in a pen-and-paper exercise, or if it was the technology that made the kid think about an amazing technological solution to their transportation problem. overall, victor said that it was very fun research for both him and the participants. and his library will be following up on some of the insights they gained, such as creating a new quiet study room for kids working on their homework. previously, these kids tried to find quiet nooks and crannies to work in, so both they and their needs were unseen by library staff. victor’s project brought them out of their quiet corners and gave them a new space of their own. a nice real-world result for this vr project. internships and ethnography: students researching students: claire browne claire spoke about using a student intern to carry out a ux project using a cultural probe to get to know the needs of taught postgraduate students at the university of birmingham. the university’s careers department was looking for meaningful student placements that showcased careers in higher education and gave students experience with project management and data analysis. it was a great fit with the library’s desire to expand their ux work. before the intern was hired, the library had to have the project go through ethics review and recruit participants ( in total). they had ideas for what they wanted in the cultural probe, but the intern, luke, was able to put his stamp on it, finalizing the tasks and adding notes and jokes to the participant diaries to keep their engagement up throughout the weeks of daily tasks. some of the tasks were: answering specific questions, writing a letter with advice to a student starting out, card sorting, a photo study showing their typical day, a love letter/break-up letter, and a cognitive map. all participants did every task, which seems to show that luke did a great job keeping everyone engaged. participants enjoyed the variety of tasks and provided a lot of rich information in the self-reflective tasks. luke gave a presentation to senior staff about his findings and they were very engaged with this year old telling them about the problems in their library. i want to know more about this; were they more engaged because he was an “outsider,” because he was a student, because he was young? related, claire mentioned that one of the benefits of having a student intern on this project was that he was not influenced by restraints or constraints felt by library staff; he saw only the user side. another benefit claire mentioned was that luke was able to engage with the student participants in a natural and informal way that she didn’t think would be possible for librarians. she thought the librarians would have been too formal or crossed the line into “cringey.” if you want to know more, luke wrote a report about the project and the techniques that were used in the cultural probe. love at first sight: consolidating first impressions: debbie phillips debbie also spoke about doing a cultural probe, this time at royal holloway and focused on the experience of new students in their first weeks on campus. the focus was not entirely on the library, as the project was a collaboration among the library, campus life, and internal communications. the campus life team were able to help with recruitment and students agreed to participate, though only actually finished all the tasks. still, since they were hoping for participants, this was a good result. i was struck that, like claire, debbie said they were “hoping for a good mix” of participants. both projects got a reasonable mix but missed out on representation from one or two groups. i think we often do generic recruitment when we want a mix, assuming that we should recruit from a wide group to get a wide range of participants. but if we want, for example, mature students or international students as part of the participant group, we really need to recruit them specifically in order to make sure of it. (i believe claire did make this point as something they would do differently next time.) some of the tasks in the cultural probe at royal holloway: diary questions ( questions from each of the teams plus some general ones), photo tasks, postcard to friends/family (participants could ask for it to be posted but no one did), campus map with emoji stickers to indicate how they felt about specific buildings or areas of campus. the library found they were surprised at how many students came to the library during their first visit to campus. they were also surprised at how few students attended their library induction. so, they’re planning to try to find ways to help students learn more about the library during that first campus visit, rather than waiting for induction. related, they also found that students expressed a preference for learning about campus prior to arrival, so the library will increase their communications ahead of arrivals week, rather than waiting until students are actually on campus. final thoughts i usually do a full post about my thoughts on the conference, but i don’t have a lot more to say. i had an amazing time, as usual, thanks to the wonderful group of people who come to this conference. in my professional life, uxlibs is my very favourite place. i’m about to head off on sabbatical (maybe you can help with some of my projects!), so i’m not going to immediately apply much of what i learned but i am already excited to do that when my leave is over. i realize that i’ve been emphasizing the research part of ux because research is actually part of my job description and, outside of the website, design and prototyping is not. i felt comfortable doing research beyond the scope of the website, but not finding a way to move that research into action. when i get back to work i hope i can figure out how to, as both keynotes exhorted: get shit done. 			 	 			 				 	 		website refresh: first round of iterative testing 	 				 			december , december , ~ shelley			 ~ leave a comment					 				 		as i mentioned in my last post, we’re doing a design refresh of our library website, with a goal to make it “beautiful.” as such, we’re not touching much of the organization. but of course we have to pay attention to not just how the information is categorized but also where it appears on the page. we learned that a few years back when we tried adding a “spotlight” feature near our library hours (tl;dr: people stopped being able to see the hours when other content shared the space). so we are firm believers that user testing and iterative design is vital in making sure we don’t make parts of our site invisible by moving elements around. after the results of our user research earlier in the fall, we came up with a design drawn from the sites that our users liked most that also worked within our current site structure. the layout was essentially the same, with three major changes: 	we pulled “quick links” out of the menu and put it in a box on the front page 	hours moved from a box on the side to a banner under the search box 	our help and chat button also moved to this banner we wanted to do user testing to make sure that users could: 	find today’s hours 	get to the full set of hours 	figure out how to access help or chat. we also asked them if there was anything they hated about the draft design. just to flag anything that could cause problems but that we weren’t specifically asking about. since we were doing this testing early in the process, we didn’t have a live site to show. our web developer, the fabulous kevin bowrin, built the mockup in drupal since he’s more comfortable in drupal than in photoshop, but it wasn’t on a public server. so we used a printed screenshot for this round of testing. the first version of the design had a grey banner and small text and it was clear after talking to a few users that visibility was a problem. we only talked to people, but only saw the hours and they were really squinting to make it out. finding when the library is open should be really really easy. we decided to increase the text size and remove the grey background. version this time, even fewer people saw the hours: out . since people didn’t see today’s hours, we couldn’t even get to the part where we tested whether they knew how to access the full set of hours. we decided to see if adding an “all hours →” link would help; perhaps by echoing the convention of the “view more →” links in other parts of the page, it would be clearer that this section was part of the content. nope. version again, quite quickly we saw that this section remained invisible. only person in saw it. one user noticed it later on and said that he’d thought that part of the website was just a heading so he ignored it. clearly, something was making people’s eyes just skip over this part of the website. we needed another approach. kevin and i talked about a few options. we decided to try making the section more visible by having library hours, help and chat, and quick links all there. kevin tweeted at me after i’d left for the day: “just dropped the latest iteration on your desk. i kinda hate it, but we’ll see what the patrons have to say!” i had a look the next morning. i also hated it. no point in even testing that one! a blurry photo of the hated, not-tested version we decided to put hours where the quick links box was, to see if that would be more visible. we moved chat down, trying to mimic the chat call-out button on the mcmaster library website. quick links were removed completely. we have some ideas, but they were never a vital part of the site so we can play with them later. success! most of the people we talked to saw the hours and almost all of them could get from there to the full set of hours. (i did this round of testing without a note-taker, thinking i could keep good enough track. “good enough?” yes. actual numbers? no.) the downside was that most people didn’t notice the help and chat link (not pictured here). however, i think we’ll really need to test that when we can show the site on a screen that people can interact with. the “always visible” nature of that button is hard to replicate with a print-out. i feel like we’re in a good enough place that we can start building this as more than just a mock-up. oh, and no one we talked to hated anything about the design. a low bar perhaps, but i’m happy that we cleared it. version we did all of this in one week, over afternoons. for version , kevin just added text to the screenshot so we could get it in front of people faster. quick iterating and testing is such a great process if you can make it work. next steps: menu interactions and interior pages. 			 	 			 				 	 		user research: beautiful websites? 	 				 			october , ~ shelley			 ~ comments					 				 		my university librarian has asked for a refresh of the library website. he is primarily concerned with the visual design; although he thinks the site meets the practical needs of our users, he would like it to be “beautiful” as well. eep! i’m not a visual designer. i was a little unsure how to even begin. i decided to attack this the way we attack other problems: user research! web committee created a set of guiding principles a few years back (based on suzanne chapman’s document). number one in that list is “start with user needs & build in assessment” so even though i was having difficulty wrapping my head around a beautiful website as a user need, it made sense to move forward as if it were. background how does one assess a beautiful website? i looked at a whole bunch of library websites to see which stood out as particularly beautiful and then discern what it was that made them so. let me tell you, “beautiful” is not a word that immediately leaps to mind when i look at library websites. but then i came across one site that made me give a little exclamation of disgust (no, i won’t tell you which one). it was busy, the colours clashed garishly, and it made me want to click away instantly—ugh! well. we might not be able to design a site that people find beautiful but surely we can design something that doesn’t make people feel disgusted. i had an idea then to show users a few different websites and ask them how they felt about the sites. beauty can mean different things to different people, but it does conjure a positive feeling. coming up with feeling words can be difficult for people, so i thought it might be easier for me to come up with a list they could choose from (overwhelming, calm, inspiring, boring, etc.). then i decided that it might be better to have users place the sites on a continuum rather than pick a single word for their feeling: is the page more calming or more stressful? is it more clear or more confusing? i came up with feelings described on a continuum, plus an overall 🙂 to 🙁. i wasn’t completely confident about this and assumed others had done work in this area, so i did some reading on emotions, aesthetics, and web design. (emotion and website design from the encyclopedia of human-computer interaction, nd ed.; aesthetics and preferences of web pages from behaviour & information technology ( ); assessing dimensions of perceived visual aesthetics of web sites from international journal of human-computer studies ( ); and measuring aesthetic emotions: a review of the literature and a new assessment tool from plos one ( ).) turns out my method was in line with the research in this area. and although the wording sometimes differed, the feelings i had come up with were all represented. onward! there had been some talk of the library website perhaps needing to mirror other carleton university websites a little more closely. however, there is not uniformity of design across carleton sites, so i wanted to show users a mix of those sites to get a sense of which designs were most pleasing. i also wanted to show a few different library sites to get a sense of which of those designs were most appealing to our users. i worked with web committee to come up with a list of library sites and carleton sites. there was no way i was going to ask someone to give us feedback on different websites; i decided a selection of was plenty for one person to work through. since i was looking mostly for visceral reactions, i didn’t think we needed a lot of people to see each site. if each site was viewed times (with our own library site as a baseline so we could measure improvement of the new design), we needed participants. that was three times what we often see for a single round of ux research, but still doable. method i planned a -minute process—longer than our usual processes where we test one or two things—and wanted to compensate students for this much of their time. that fell apart at the last minute and all i had was a box of halloween mini-chocolates so revamped the process to remove a few pre- and post- questions and cut the number of continuums from to ( feelings plus the overall positive/negative). that cut the time down to about minutes for most people, and i was comfortable with a -minutes-for-chocolate deal. so in the end, these are the continuums we asked people to use to label the sites: welcoming ↔ off-putting disorganized ↔ organized clear ↔ confusing up-to-date ↔ old-fashioned calming ↔ stressful useful ↔ useless inspiring ↔ discouraging ugly ↔ beautiful 🙂 ↔ 🙁 we set up in the lobby of the library and saw people over four time slots (each was - minutes long). there were participants instead of because the last person came with a friend who also wanted to participate. happily, the only person to have difficulty understanding what to do was one of these very last people we saw. he had such trouble that if he’d been the first person we’d seen, i likely would have reconsidered the whole exercise. but thankfully everyone else was quick to understand what we wanted. most people saw one carleton site, one library site, and then our own carleton library site. because we had more library sites than carleton sites, a few people saw two library sites then the carleton library site. i had planned out in advance which participant would see which sites, making sure that each site would be seen the same number of times and not always in the same order. participants looked at one site at a time on a tablet with a landscape orientation, so the sites looked similar to how they would look on a laptop. they filled out the continuum sheet for one site before looking at the next. they could refer back to the site as they completed the sheet. i had a note-taker on hand to keep track of the sites visited and to record any comments participants made about the sites (most people didn’t say much at all). partway through, i discovered a problem with the “up-to-date / old-fashioned” continuum. i was trying to get at whether the design felt old and stale or contemporary and up-to-date. but many people assumed we were referring to the information on the site being up-to-date. i thought that using “old-fashioned” rather than “outdated” would mitigate this, but no. so this was not a useful data point. usually with these kinds of processes, i have a sense of what we’re learning as we go. but with this one, i had very little idea until i started the analysis. so what did we find? results i had purposely not used a likert-type scale with numbers or labels on any of the mid-points. this was not quantitative research and i didn’t want users to try to put a number on their feelings. so, when it came time for analysis, i didn’t want to turn the continuum ratings into numbers either. i colour-coded the responses, with dark green corresponding to one end of the continuum, red to the other and yellow for the middle. i used light green and orange for less strong feelings that were still clearly on one side or the other. in determining what colour to code a mark, i looked at how the person had responded to all three sites. if all their marks were near the extremes, i used light green/orange for any mark tending toward the middle. if all their marks were clustered around the middle, i looked for their outer ranges and coded those as dark green/red (see examples in the image below). in this way, the coding reflected the relative feelings of each person rather than sticking to strict borders. two marks in the same place on the continuum could be coded differently, depending on how that user had responded overall. the circled mark on the left was coded light green even though it’s quite close to the end. the circled mark on the right was coded red even though it’s not very close to the end. after coding, i looked at the results for the 🙂 ↔ 🙁 continuum to get a sense of the general feeling about each site. i gave them all an overall assessment (bad, ugh, meh, or ok). no site got better than ok because none was rated in the green by everyone who saw it. then i looked at how often each was coded green, yellow, and red across all the continuums. unsurprisingly, those results corresponded to my bad/ugh/meh/ok rating; participants’ 🙂 / 🙁 ratings had been reflective of their overall feelings. our site ended up on the high end of “meh.” however, several participants made sure to say their ratings of our site were likely high because of familiarity, so we are really likely firmly in “meh” territory. now that i’d looked at the overall, i wanted to look at each of the continuums. what was our current site doing really well with? i was happy to see that our current site felt useful and organized to participants. “organized” is good because it means that i feel confident about keeping the structure of the site while we change the visual design. what did we need to improve? participants felt the site was discouraging and ugly. “discouraging” is something i definitely feel motivated to fix! and “ugly?” well, it helps me feel better about this project to make the site beautiful. more beautiful at least. after this, i looked at which sites did well on the aspects we needed to improve. for both the carleton sites and the library sites, the ones felt to be most inspiring and beautiful were the same ones that were rated highly overall. these same sites were most felt to be welcoming, clear, and calming. so these are the aspects that we’ll concentrate on most as we move through our design refresh. next steps now, web committee will take a closer look at the two library sites and two carleton sites that had the best feeling and see what specific aspects of those sites we’d like to borrow from. there’s no big time squeeze, as we’re aiming for a spring launch. lots of time for many design-and-test iterations. i’ll report back as we move forward. 			 	 			 				 	 		access : a ux perspective 	 				 			october , ~ shelley			 ~ leave a comment					 				 		i started my access conference experience with a meetup of library people interested in ux. there were only five of us, but we had good conversations about research ethics boards and ux research, about being a ux team of one, and about some of the projects we’ll be working on in the coming year. we also chatted about how we would like to communicate more regularly but how difficult it can be to sustain virtual communities. (canada is big. heck, even ontario is big.) it was nice to start off the conference with ux friends – old and new – and my focus stayed on the ux side of things throughout the conference so that’s what i want to write about here. on day , the first post-keynote presentation was all about ux. eka grguric talked about her experience one year in as ux librarian at mcgill. she gets brought into projects in her library as a ux consultant, and also supports others doing ux and user research in the library. she also offers training on ux research methods for interested library staff. her work is a combination of operational and project-based. she gave a bit of detail about two projects and her monthly operational tests to give us a flavour of the range of methods and processes she uses. next up was ken fujiuchi and joseph riggie from buffalo state college, who talked about extended reality, a combination of virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality technologies. they covered a few different topics (slides here), but what stood out for me was their mention of how user experiences will change as new interfaces become possible and there are new ways for people to interact with materials. they specifically mentioned oral histories moving from audio-only files to users being able to interact with a holographic image of a person who can tell stories but also answer questions. what’s good ux for oral history holograms? a few presentations also focused on what i see as ux for library staff. juan denzer spoke about a project being developed by a pair of students he’s supervising that aims to make it easier to manage exproxy configuration files (which can easily run to thousands of lines). having tried to troubleshoot stanzas in exproxy myself, i can definitely see how this could improve the ux for staff. however, as one of my table mates said, adding an application to manage a text file also adds overhead for whoever has to maintain and update that application. trade-offs! ruby warren from university of manitoba was fantastic in her description of a project that didn’t quite get off the ground in the six months she’d set aside to complete it. ruby had seen that distance students weren’t learning how to use the library in the same way in-person students were (e.g. no in-class visits from a librarian). she wanted to find a way to teach some basic il to these students and thought that an interactive fiction game would be a good thing to try. she had some great lessons learned (including “don’t do everything in the wrong order” and “plan for apathy”). one of my favourite things about ruby’s presentation was that she was upfront about her failures, including – as a ux person – not planning for user testing during development. it’s gutsy to get up in front of your peers and say that you forgot a basic tenet of your discipline because you were too excited about a project. so human but so hard. yay ruby! another key takeaway was not underestimating appeal when planning this kind of project. as someone who has a bard time seeing the appeal of library games, i appreciated hearing this. (i believe it’s possible, but i think it’s extremely difficult.) ruby’s slides are here. back to ux for staff (and users too, to some extent), calvin mah from simon fraser university spoke about his experience archiving their ils when his library moved from millennium to alma. some kinds of information were not migrated at all, but even the records that were migrated were not trusted by cataloguers; they wanted to be able to go back to the old records and compare. with these two situations – missing information plus untrusted information – it was decided to build an archival copy of the old system. i find this interesting. on the one hand, i can absolutely understand wanting to help staff feel comfortable with the new system by letting them know they still have the old information if they need it; the transition can be more gradual. but calvin noted that even though the information is getting stale, staff are still relying on it. so perhaps it’s more of a security blanket, and that’s not good. also, there was a good library nerd laugh when he said that some staff wanted the archival copy to behave like the old system: “respect the nd indicator non-filing characters skip!” something i see as having both staff and user ux implications is having contract work in library systems (probably everywhere, but in systems for sure). bobbi fox from harvard has been on many sides of this situation (as a contractor, as a person hiring the contractor, as a team member, as a person cleaning up after a contractor) and detailed many things to consider before, during, and after contract work in library it. too often, contract work results in projects that are difficult to maintain after the contractor has gone, if they are even completed at all. i really like that she specifically mentioned thinking about who is providing user support for the thing(s) the contractor is building, as separate from who is going to own/maintain the project going forward. and in talking about documentation, specifying what documentation those user support people need in order to be able to support the users. this will almost always be different documentation that what is required for maintenance. good docs are vital for maintenance but if people can’t use the thing, there’s not much point in maintaining it! nearing the end of the first day was a panel: “when the digital divides us: reconciling emerging and emerged technologies in libraries” that looked at disconnects that can happen on both the staff side and the user side when libraries favour emerging (“shiny”) technology. i thought there were some great points made. monica rettig at brock university talked about issues when access services staff are expected to help troubleshoot technology problems; for staff used to a transactional approach to service, with a heavy reliance on policy and procedures, there is a big cultural shift in moving to a troubleshooting approach. rebecca laroque from north bay public library wondered about providing d printers while she still has users asking for classes on how to use email. monica noted the importance of core services to users even though they’re aren’t shiny or new; she asked who will be the champion for bathrooms or printers in the library? krista godfrey from memorial university asked whether library technology should be evaluate and assessed in the same way that library collections are? lots of questions here, but definitely an agreement that a focus on core infrastructure and services may not be exciting but it’s absolutely vital. day was a bit lighter on the ux side. tim ribaric gave a great presentation on ra and the possible implications of it replacing ip authentication for access to electronic resources in libraries. tim is skeptical about ra and believes it is not good news for libraries (one of his theorems about ra : “we are effed”). his take was very compelling, and from a ux perspective, he is not convinced there is a clear way forward for walk-in users of academic libraries (i.e. users not affiliated with the university or college) to access our subscription-based electronic resources if we move from ip authentication to ra . i know some academic libraries explicitly exclude walk-in users, but others are mandated to provide access to the general public so we are used to providing guest access and our users are used to having it. tim has posted his slides if you’re interested in more on this. another interesting ux moment was in autumn mayes’ lightning talk about working in digital scholarship and digital humanities. part of her job had been working in the  humanities interdisciplinary collaboration (thinc) lab at the university of guelph. thinc lab is a members-only space aimed at grad students, postdocs, faculty, etc. who are doing interdisciplinary and digital humanities research. however, they also host events and programs that are open to the larger university population. so autumn found herself having to tell non-members that they weren’t allowed to use the space, but at the same time was trying to promote events and programs to both members and non-members. she very succinctly described this as “get out! but come back!” it’s interesting to think about spaces that are alternately exclusionary and open; what is the impact on users when you make a mostly exclusionary space occasionally welcoming? what about when a mostly welcoming space is occasionally exclusionary? bill jones and ben rawlins from suny geneseo spoke about their tool oasis (openly available sources integrated search), aimed at improving the discovery of open educational resources (oer) for faculty at their campus and beyond. the tool allows searching and browsing of a curated collection of oer (currently over , records). it seems like a nice way to increase visibility and improve the ux of finding oer such as open textbooks. again in library staff ux, may yan and mj suhonos from ryerson university talked about how library-specific technologies can be difficult to use and adapt, so they decided to use wordpress as a web platform for a records management project in their library. one thing i found interesting was that the ryerson library had a strategic systems requirements review that explicitly says that unless library-specific technology has a big value-add, the preference should be to go outside library technology for solutions. from a ux point of view, this could mean that staff spend less time fighting with clunky library software, both using it and maintaining it. the last conference presentation of day reported on the results of ux testing of open badges in an institutional repository. christie hurrell from the university of calgary reported that her institution uses quite a number of open badges. for this project, the team wondered whether having an open badge that demonstrated compliance with an open access policy would encourage faculty to deposit their work in the institutional repository. they did a survey, which didn’t show a lot of love for open badges in general. then they did some user testing of their ir (dspace), to find out whether faculty would add an open badge to their work if the option was there. unfortunately, the option to add an open badge was completely lost in the overall process to deposit a work in the ir, which faculty found extremely time-consuming. since faculty were frustrated with the process in general, it is very unlikely that an open badge would provide an incentive to use the ir again. the conference ended with the dave binkley memorial lecture, given this year by monique woroniak. monique spoke about “doing the work: settle libraries and responsibilities in a time of occupation” where the work is what non-indigenous people and organizations need to do before trying to work with indigenous people and organizations. she gave some clear guidelines on, essentially, how to act with empathy and these guidelines can apply to many communities. however, i definitely don’t want to “all lives matter” this. monique was clearly speaking about indigenous people, and specifically about her experiences with indigenous people in winnipeg. when she spoke of the importance of assessing our capacity before undertaking new work, she included the capacity to build respectful relationships with indigenous people. although it can definitely be argued that a capacity to build respectful relationships is useful for ux work, her caution to never over-promise and under-deliver when working with indigenous people is situated in the canadian context of settlers over-promising and under-delivering time and time and time again. sure, we’ll respect this treaty. sure, we’ll take care of your children. of course we’re ready for reconciliation. over-promising and under-delivering is never a great move, but in this context it is particularly toxic. a few other things that stood out for me in monique’s talk: 	listen to the breadth of opinions in the community. take the time. 	this is head work and heart work, and, especially, long-haul work. 	look to shift the centre of power for not just the big decisions, but the small as well. if this interest you, monique’s talk is available to view in its entirety, as are all of the presentations at the conference (they will be split into individual videos for each talk eventually). monique finished with a lovely quotation from katherena vermette‘s poem “new year’s eve ” from her book river woman: truth is a seed planted deep if you want to get it you have to dig 			 	 			 				 	 		ux from a technical services point of view 	 				 			september , ~ shelley			 ~ comment					 				 		this the text of a presentation i did last year at the access conference in regina. emma and i had plans to write this up as a paper, but life intervened and that didn’t happen. i wanted to keep some record beyond the video of the presentation, so here it is. this morning i’m going to talk about a user research project i did with my colleague emma cross. we observed the user experience of students doing academic research online and then looked at that ux from the perspective of technical services staff. i’ll start with talking about the research we did with the students, the results from that research that seemed most relevant to technical services staff, and then i’ll talk a bit about the reaction that technical services staff at carleton had to those results. i’m sorry that emma can’t be here. she was the technical services brain behind it all; i was the user research monkey. so, why did we want to do this? mixing technical services and user experience is not done very often. a technical services supervisor at carleton told us she was finding it difficult to prioritize work for her staff, and she wanted some insight into what was likely to have the most impact for our users. fantastic.   methodology emma and i designed the research to be student-led; we didn’t have specific questions but we were interested in where students searched, how they searched, and what kinds of things they looked at in their results. in our sessions, we asked students to search for something they needed for a research assignment, and to try as much as possible to do what they would normally do, not what they thought they “should” do. we emphasized that even though we were from the library, they didn’t have to use library tools or resources if they normally wouldn’t for the kinds of searches they were doing. i moderated the sessions, asking the students to think aloud throughout their searches, prompting them with questions if they were quiet. we let them search until they seemed to finish but let them know when we neared minutes. the sessions lasted anywhere from - minutes, but most were - minutes. emma took notes and we also captured the sessions on video, so we were able to go back and fill in gaps when people worked too quickly for emma to capture everything. we did the research in march of and saw undergraduate and graduate students. emma coded the results and found themes that she thought were most relevant to technical services   result # : overwhelming use of the single search box summon and/or google scholar were used by most of the students, and the catalogue not much at all. people used various specialized databases and there was also regular google, wikipedia, tumblr, but summon and google scholar were really the most used. there was little difference between grad and undergrad use of tools, except for catalogue use. the people who used the catalogue were undergraduates. kinda weird. but this is a good time to emphasize that this was a qualitative study, not a quantitative one; we’re not going to extrapolate that % of undergrads use the catalogue and grad students do. the numbers don’t matter – it’s that when observing how students search and listening to how they approach looking for information, the library catalogue doesn’t often come up. it’s not part of their process.   result # : popularity of the “get it” button   emma’s second theme is the logical corollary to the overwhelming use of single search: the popularity of the “get it” button and the link resolver in general. i love the “get it” link – it makes my life much easier. (graduate student) “get it” is really useful (graduate student) “get it” is helpful!” (undergraduate) hey look carleton offers to “get this” in google scholar – hey that is great! (undergraduate) even when students didn’t mention it explicitly, they used it seamlessly. maybe that seems obvious, but i have seen user research results from other university libraries where students had a hard time understanding their get it links. our students got “get it.”   result # : metadata looked at:  title, date, abstract; metadata searched: keyword, keyword, keyword a pattern we saw repeated over and over in student research was: scanning search results list 	quickly reviewing title for relevant keywords 	check the date – majority of student not interested in old material 	if interested, click on record to read the abstract 	if title, date, abstract check out then download / print for further reading. students seem to be so used to this pattern and used to seeing abstracts or snippets of content that when they don’t see an abstract, usually when they are looking at a monograph record, they’re confused and then they move on. and although students look at different metadata fields, they rarely search them. aside from a couple of author searches and one really heartbreaking subject search, most of the searches we saw were keyword, keyword, keyword.   result # : speed, impatience and ease of access students quickly skimmed results lists and rarely went beyond the first page of results (or with summon’s infinite scroll, the first or so). undergrads tended to look at fewer results than grad students. many students had no qualms saying they were busy and they didn’t want to waste time. there was a general tendency to skip over materials that were harder to access – things on reserve, in storage, or borrowed, documents that take a long time to download. even when they did pursue these harder to access items, they weren’t necessarily happy about it. this is probably emma’s favourite quote: this is useful if i can find it. it is not online so i will have to search the library itself. this makes me cry a little. generally, the students we saw were easily able to find other things that seemed just as good, so skipping over hard-to-access items didn’t seem to create much of a problem.   reaction from technical services staff so these were the findings we thought were most relevant to technical services staff. there are no big surprises here, but we wanted to know how our own technical services staff would react to what we’d found. what would they take from our results? in july, we gave a presentation for library technical services staff, followed by a discussion. here are some of the first comments from staff, to give you a flavor: 	“on the library website, we now have a summon search box instead of a catalogue search box, and maybe that’s why catalogue use was low.” 	“are users even aware of the catalogue?” 	“students don’t seem to be aware of subject headings. they should be taught about the catalogue and how to do subject searches.” 	“maybe all first years could be given a booklet about how to search properly.” so that was sort of the tone at the beginning. then our head of cataloguing said something like “i’m not buying into this discussion that keyword searching is a bad search. remember that keyword searches subject. indexing is the most important part of this.” then the technical services supervisor whose questions started the project said something like “i found the part about summon and the link resolver very interesting. this validates where we need to spend time. we can call out vendors where there is a consistent problem. now i can be pushy to get issues resolved. if that is what students are relying on, then we have to make sure what we have is right.” yes, having a head and a supervisor weigh in like this is bound to change the tone, but things did become much more positive and proactive from here on in, with comments and suggestions like this: 	“i’m wondering about loading e-book records. sometimes we have good records but they don’t have subjects. perhaps now i can load these records as they have summaries so they would get picked up in a keyword search.” 	“cataloguers can change the way we work and include table of contents and summaries in monograph records when we find them. perhaps we could make this an official policy and procedure.” 	“perhaps we can take more time to see how summon pulls information and where that information is pulled from.”   conclusion so: 	a move to better understand how our discovery system handles our records 	a push to enrich print and ebook records to improve keyword searching 	a renewed focus on making sure the knowledge base is accurate so the link resolver works i know these aren’t necessarily ground-breaking ideas but less than an hour earlier, this same group suggested giving first year students a booklet on how to search! hearing that students mostly do keyword searches in summon and google scholar was understandably a little threatening to staff who have a very catalogue-centric view of the library (because that’s where they spend most of their time). but very quickly, they moved on and were suggesting new ways of doing things, and new ways of thinking about their work. it was wonderful. technical services and user experience don’t usually cross over, but we saw that it can be a really good fit. our students do their research online. technical services staff make decisions that affect how library resources are found online. so they are perfectly positioned to improve the user experience of our students. i’ll give the last word to one of our staff members, who after seeing our results said what i think we all want: “now i can attack the right problems with purpose.” 			 	 			 				 	 		adding useful friction to library ux: ideas from uxlibs workshop participants 	 				 			june , ~ shelley			 ~ comment					 				 		 at this years uxlibs conference, i led a workshop on adding useful friction to the library user experience. i’ve already posted my text of the workshop, but i told the participants that i also wanted to share the ideas that they came up with during the course of the workshop. the ideas were generated around three themes: 	friction for users, with a goal of helping those same users 	friction for staff, with a goal of helping users 	friction to improve inclusion in the library what is below is verbatim, as much as i could decipher, from the post-its. there’s seems to be a combination of examples of bad friction and ideas for good friction. if you were a participant and would like to correct or flesh out what’s here, please get in touch! here are all of the responses from both workshops, in no order at all: 	remove desk or make it a low height only 	lower the circulation desk or remove it altogether 	users: appointments (promote other options first, books/resources) 	giving the article rather than showing to find the resource 	answer questions instead of showing how to do it 	wayfinding no. enquiry — looking at it with fresh eyes 	staff want to put passive aggressive posters everywhere 	toilet sign / not a key — gender n. 	have the students suggest furniture in the library 	a room with a computer and a loudspeaker where the patron can hear what is on the screen 	clickable text where a loudspeaker symbol shows you that you can hear what is said 	wayfinding signage / posters — loads of / passive aggressive 	enforced preview when editing web pages 	put forms through web group to ensure they’re not excluding 	when they click around one website 	when they order on shelf items 	when they order articles 	making them having coffee with other departments and teaching staff 	making them walk across campus to use another office 	making them use the public spaces one hour a week 	you haven’t used library search for a while – do you need some tips? 	get rid of printed self-help so staff have to promote online self-help 	friction to help people understand the space they’re in 	helping new users find books (when they want it!) 	multi-language at entrances and around 	remove classification systems!! 	inclusivity check before things are published 	remove search term suggestions databases 	remove phone, e-mail, etc. from the info desk (anything that isn’t talking to students) 	giving more options for reference help – all hours of the day, off campus, offline, etc. 	change the quiet reading rooms with the group rooms every week 	have staff meetings at the group study areas/rooms 	put the check-out machines on the top floor 	wary of pop ups but what if pop has the answer 	to slow down scanning of web pages — part scan and leave just prior to achieving answer 	pop up box: “sign in to get: full text, saved search, e-shelf, etc.” 	a confirm button when adding manual charges to accounts 	all a h staff to be fully trained! 	had thought of reducing page options/text but could friction be added another way? 	when they order interlibrary loans 	we added friction to subj guide but — super friction -> no control for subj lib. therefore like the less friction idea presented by shelley 	pop up on self-issues: your books will auto-renew for “x” weeks but may be recalled 	are you sure? deleting records from endnote web 	ems editions: removing assets 	exhibition gallery: interactive screen 	event submission 	feedback forms 	find a book / study space blindfolded? 	stop them from using terms and phrases that people don’t understand 	test all changes to web page on real users, especially extreme users 	plain language checkers for web content 	highlighting research consultations over guides + dbs 	declarative signage: “you are on the (blank) floor, (blank wing)” 	website style guides 	push back on academic staff to upload accessible teaching materials to vle 	making ill request — have you check whether this is in library? (?) 	encourage use of learning technologies, but also provide analogue alternatives 	provide alternative signage options (multiple alternatives) 	when entering study zones -> be aware of conditions expected in space 	links that take users to arabic page rather than going back to main page 	allowing males to borrow / use the library during female hours 	having box to return the books used inside the library 	having a shared online spreadsheet if they would like to have someone to cover their desk hours rather than emailing 	did you know? pop ups on library websites 	ipads out intermittently to draw attention 	having to meet with a librarian 	signage (or something else!) that prompts new students to consider using library catalogue before trawling the physical shelves 	helpdesk would benefit from friction when students make initial enquiries re: learning difference support (e.g. dyslexia) — in my univ lib they are required to ask about this in an “open” queue without any confidentiality! 	near shelves potential redirect to lib cat 	on entry to help students choose appropriate working space 	on entry think about what student intends to achieve during visit 	replying to email enquiry messages force scroll to beginning to force people to read whole history 	have you left this in required state? bog poster for open access disabled loos 	creating new challenges in every day tasks to upskill staff, provide better services to users 	asking questions (too many!) to get essential services in place / working properly (e.g. hearing loops [or might be learning loops]) 	forcing users to rub up against us: “this resources has been brought to you by your library” 	(for colleagues) flag for spamming no. of forwards and emails to lists per day 	returning books through the book sorter—asking “have you returned all the books you need to” before issuing a receipt 	students who don’t have a disability but are anxious to be able to have one-to-one library hours, therefore all need to be asked at induction 	ilr’s (interlibrary requests) asking “is this available locally” 	items in store requested through the catalogue—”can this be accessed online” before the final request click—stops unnecessary collections from store that are not collected 	vendor outlinks “you are about to leave the library’s website” 	time to choose to read something you wouldn’t have thought of yourself 	time to reflect on impact of a certain behavior 	time to advertise additional services that might be helpful 	screens/maps to look at before looking for books → are you going where you want to? 	set target times to resolve a query. solutions should be quick and easy. 	library website: design decision 	library website: content 	cmas editors: removing assets 	ill request form when item not available 	library clear link when no results on discovery layer 	disable possibility to take a breath from chat 	stricter policy for adding web pages 	slow down book drop 	friction in ordering interlibrary loans which should be purchases 	how do we offer booking of “resource rooms”? 	can we make it more difficult to make web pages inaccessible? 	forced message to remove usb before the pc shuts down/logs you out 	triage questions? it vs library 	only hosting video tutorial with embedded subtitles — don’t rely on youtube autotitles = rubbish!! 	what images are you using to show your library? does it look inclusive on posters / online / in literature? e.g. pic of our staircase 	reservation collection—self-issue—extra touch screen with due date for hr loans 	stop them from rushing to the top floor, like signs in the elevator 	force staff to actually test the accessibility of web sites 	students, faculty, other ← 	library vrs → stop before leaving the chat “are you sure you don’t need further help?” 	how do we address people / users? 	double-check before making a poster to “solve” a problem! 	role management: design does not equal project management 	peer-checking of presentations / teaching sessions for accessibility 	writing training materials for students with english as a nd language 	uploading to online system: large files, microsoft format, video and audio (not stream), copyrighted 	to support distant or part-time students 	starting projects without: clarity about outcomes, testing, resources required 	adding resource e.g. reading list not using the system 	copying over last years materials to this years module 	better obstacle than fee for interlibrary loans or document delivery 	remove “scripts” for staff answers on just ask (im) — be more personal? 	no pictures of pdfs or text on web — screen readers can’t cope with them 	pop-ups letting students know access is being provided by the library (to online resources) 	library website 	qr codes?? 	symbols instead of english — puts everyone at the same level of wayfinding regardless of language skills 	diverse reading lists 	know your staff wiki! 	regular process to review existing web content before adding more 	entrance vestibule to silent study spaces 	promoting self-service portal at library entrance 	chatline. faqs page to scroll through to get to input page 	force a catalogue search before submitting an ill request 	policy that all staff deal with a request for help at point of need and see through 	logging all enquiries on an ems 	pick-up shelf: make users check out their reading room loans 	database records in summon—people going straight to lib search when not everything is listed 	sign up form for focus groups so we can pick by course, not first come, first served 	academic workbooks arranged by topic on cms not just straight link to as server 	online support and workshops more prominently promoted than : s as easier to same [some?] large number 	i need to approve all external comms and surveys 	web edits — i have to approve all pages 	training on [survey?] software linked to approval from me 	me as final editor for newsletter (brand / accessibility) 	gender neutral toilets 	editing text for screen readers — on all channels 	check catalogue for students who have incorrect info on reserve items 	complete a short online library quiz as part of first module 	activate your student card in the library within the last week of term 	put “please refer to…” messages where rules aren’t clear 	ill — request articles/books we already have—way to make them search first? 	search box — choose what format first (they will type anything in a search box without thinking and then think we don’t have an article because they are looking in catalog) 	ebooks — add to reserves or pop up asking them to look by title 	student staff tell students we don’t have an item when we do — need to try other ways — have system prompt? 	expand chat hours so people uncomfortable approaching desk can still ask questions 	cms — make popup for alt-text but also color contrast, web writing, close-captioning for videos, etc. 	content manager for website — approve all changes even subject guides 	better feedback on item request — many are not picked up 	knowing who your liaison is if on a certain page 	staff friction: using crm or equivalent to report issues to other teams, i.e. metadata errors: don’t ring team, logon landesk (crm). has advantages collating themes and work. 	inclusion: feedback form gender 	user [gateways portals]: to prompt and remind about compliance maybe – copyright / usage — use of data/info. authentication does this also. 	staff: printing checklist actions before resorting to use of staff printer 	user: to prompt remind/inform resources purchased on behalf of students by institution 	it passwords for faculty users 	using lockers after library closing hours 	computers on every floor (staff) 	toilets (improve inclusion) 	game area (students) 	lounge area (students) 	change main structure of website 	adding too long text to buttons 	adding too many main category pages 	put “silence” signs on every door → there have to be noisy places 	just grab a book (without having a look to the books around) 	policy: force all staff to use structured text documents so that they are accessible 	self-return machines (don’t take think books, so we need to “slow” the users know know this) 	inclusion: programs → languages 	open access funding program → read criteria before submitting the application 	adding too long texts into modals designed to be glanced 	gender in feedback forms 	requirement for text and audio on video 	request / reservation: this book is on the shelves in this library. are you sure you want to request it? [checkbox] yes. 	sign on ground floor: the only toilets and drinking water in this building are on this floor. (most library services are floors up from here) 	making gender option in forms more inclusive e.g. more option or textbox 	before making an order/reservation that costs money 	before making a reservation 	before deleting your user account 	before deleting any info permanently 	get staff out of their offices — send them to find academic who have not been in the library for a long time 	we have a lib reciprocal programme across unis in s.a. but in our lib we force users to see an info lib before they get a letter to visit another uni library. 	catalogue research (first finding is seldom the best) 	remove option to add media on webpages for most staff 	accessibility checks before publishing a webpage 	filling out book request form for somebody 	clearing a list in the catalog 	printing single vs. double sided 	staff designate, monitor, and enforce quiet areas 	building entrance vs. exit 	reserving lendable technology 	requesting items from storage 	information in subject guides 	giving information to new students about the library’s services 	ordering interlibrary loans 	in the discovery systems 	request print copies of articles 	promote new physical and online materials in entrance 	user (student) testing before buying e-books 	build ux into all projects 	prayer facilities 	a note on self service screen to common ?s. really good idea. 	spending more time with the unfamiliar 	symbol sign posting 	meet and greeters at front door 	pick up cards at library 	send librarians out to visit people 	stop “library” work at enquiry point 	wellbeing attention grabbing display — subject guide to 	registration online — pick up library card in person 	commuter room with lockers — charging (away from home help) 	auto emails for book arrivals triggered by front desk team so that we are certain it is ready on the shelf 	friction needed to prevent deletion of content 	subject guides allow use to browse area and discover other books related to study 	develop electronic check lists for staff to ensure staff complete all necessary steps in a task on time and in order 	finding tools — before search encourage users to reflect if using the right finding tool 	reading lists — cap amount of items that can be added → “do you really want to add this item?” 	self-issue machines — add “do you want to borrow” for very short loans / high charge (had at public) 	modernise the till and integrate with lms. creates a couple of steps that slows staff and avoids mistakes on the till from “autopilot” 	“lost” status and “found” status. create pop up explaining what to do and if want to continue to avoid incorrect use. 	int’l students — don’t assume that library experience of someone else is the same particularly when they have a different international experience / encourage staff to think before assuming person is just not as smart as culture they are accustomed to. 	filters — putting a [friction?] to alert people that they can expand their search to include content not available at [library] as well 	friction for staff: prompts to ask particular questions / edit or do something people often forget 	when searching: “this search result is showing everything. is that what you want?” or “it looks like you might be searching for a journal title. would you like to do that?” 	different language options — catalogue, website / signage 	compulsory reflection on implicit biases before finalising a form / policy / procedure / interview / process / etc…. 	sometimes it’s good to get “lost” and find hidden spaces… 	have “no wifi” areas to create “switch-off” spaces… 	noise control — something that encourages slowing of pace / pause on entry 	furniture might cue quiet study vs. collaboration 	if staff are including a gender (or other protected characteristic) question on a form, make them type their justification! 	supporting assistive tech (friction for staff) 	stop long forms with every piece of info the librarian needs to order an item 	shibbolth sign in from pub page — get to the right path, choose the best relationship for access 	group study facilities — varied tech options 	more tailored handouts for students who have english as nd language or rd etc. 	dvd borrowing: “don’t forget to unlock your case!” pop-up? 	multimedia options for dyslexic students — on entry to library 	chat box help kiosk for students who feel like “imposters” (afraid to admit what they don’t know) 	single sign on — subject / cs team comms. 	consistent approach to adding info to app. autonomy and overall framework. 	quizzes on vces at end of modules 	furniture — soft for de-stresses 	commuter students — find out what their priorities are and how this differs from other students 	to get integrated in the education with the library competence, so every student gets the same education (information literacy) 	find location in the library 	gender free web 	block them from the staff cataloguing opac — only use for hour a day 	think of the people you put on the website. still mostly young, happy users. 	teacher making resource lists 	users: interlibrary loans 	pop-up help button after kw searches < minute 	discover layer: where am i searching 	website friction from adding content — specifically start 	“headlines” when coming in to the library — to show services offered that are “unknown” 	stacks — “did you find out the exact location of your book?” 	making signs — added friction for personnel 	multilingual captioning 	sign friction or not? 	faculty-librarian meeting for new faculty (in-person? why?) 	more faculty-librarian friction 	leaving web presence, what about credibility? evaluate results 	require ait text on img upload 	when leaving discovery tool to external site 	management friction 	default web editor template; to change, require friction 	consider for more friction at admin side 	mandatory meeting with librarian for an assignment 	swipe card to enter the library 	baby changing tables 	rainbow lanyards 	help uniforms / sashes? 	program friction — new program proposal 	signage 	dual monitor search comp. for info desk enquiries 	stop users from ordering books on shelf 	warning pop up !danger! 	universal design on website 	pause before changing your brand colors etc. to your online library interface. …consider accessibility first. 	pause before allowing online systems use your personal data …instead, learn what the provider will do with your data 	pause before composing the perfect, new metadata or information model for the new library service …instead, involve users and designers in the process 	shh… quiet beyond this point   			 	 			 			 	 		posts navigation 		older posts 	 		 		 	 	 		archives 				october 	october 	june 	december 	october 	september 	june 	june 	december 	october 	june 	november 	august 	june 	march 	january 	december 	november 			tags changes conference notes conference presentation information architecture user research user testing ux uxlibs 	 	 	 				 						 				blog at wordpress.com. 				 							 		 	 		 		 	 		 	 		 			 				 					 						shelley gullikson					 				 				 					create a free website or blog at wordpress.com. 				 			 		 				 		 		 					 	 	 		 			add your thoughts here... 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archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b about | 	 		 		 			 				 					about 	splots for your teaching 	splots 	ds [assignment] bank 	splotpoint 	the comparator 	the daily blank 	the splotbox 	tru collector 	tru sounder 	tru writer 	try 	tru collector 	tru writer 	splotbox 	splotpoint 	the daily blank 	assignment bank 	the comparator 	presenting 	bccampus webinar ( ) 	#pressedconf ( ) 	#pressedconf ( ) 	reclaim hosting workshop ( ) 	domains conference ( ) 	opened ( ) 	thanks 				 							 			 			 			 			 			 			 					about 	splots for your teaching 	splots 	ds [assignment] bank 	splotpoint 	the comparator 	the daily blank 	the splotbox 	tru collector 	tru sounder 	tru writer 	try 	tru collector 	tru writer 	splotbox 	splotpoint 	the daily blank 	assignment bank 	the comparator 	presenting 	bccampus webinar ( ) 	#pressedconf ( ) 	#pressedconf ( ) 	reclaim hosting workshop ( ) 	domains conference ( ) 	opened ( ) 	thanks 				 														 			 				 			 		 		 		 			 			 			 			 		 			 			 				 			 					 				 						 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 						 						 							menu 							close 						 						 						 					 					 				 				 		 									 					 					 				 				 	 				 				 				 			 					 			 							 			 		 		 											 	 	 		 												 										 					 												 							 							 																		 							 						 												 						 						 							 																 								about 								 							 																										 							 								 what mean ye splot? smallest/simplest * possible/portable * open/online * learning/living *  tool/technology yeah, we still have some work to do on tightening up that catchy acronym… though the animation on the front of this site is being cooked up as a splot itself. where did it come from? wander down the rabbit hole of the origin story. splot comes from the conviction that there is great value in learners and educators sharing their work on the open web. all too often, doing so gets derailed by two problems. first, open web tools are perceived by users as difficult to use, and by organizations as complicated to support. this is why most organizations direct or even restrict activity into a consolidated learning management system (lms).  second, online identity and privacy concerns (and laws) scare people off. not every learner is ready to share their work with the world on a medium that “never forgets”. we know that most free online communication tools capture and exploit the data of their users. so the tools on this site are designed with two core principles in mind: 	make it as easy as possible to post activity to the open web in an appealing and accessible way 	allow users to do so without creating accounts, or providing any required personal information we are mindful of norman’s law of elearning tool convergence, that tools will tend to become more complex and lms-like as they are more widely used. splot tools are deliberately limited in scope. they try to meet a single need, and to do so as simply as possible. the tools here are built utilizing the wordpress platform, and should be readily sharable to other wp installations. if you would like to use a splot tool in your environment, please let us know. but there is no reason that the problems that splot tools try to address cannot be addressed in other frameworks. if this approach appeals, we hope others will find better ways to support more accessible, sustainable, and user-friendly ways to get publicly-engaged learning happening on the open web. 													 							 							 														 						 												 							 								 									 	 		 		 			 			 				 comments			 			 							add yours → 					 		 			 		 			 			 							 				 					 												 						chrissi nerantzi 						 						march , — : am 											 					 					 					 						hi alan, lovely idea which i first came across some years ago, stored in my diigo collection, but not used yet. wondering now if it would be possible to use for a project starting this monday. we are looking for a space where people could contribute easily and quickly without an account. thank you in advance for your help with this, if at all possible. chrissi @chrissinerantzi on behalf of the # openstories team 						 												 					 										 						 						 							reply												 						 										 				 			 			 		 			 			 							 				 					 												 						we splot 						 						march , — : pm 											 					 					 					 						hi chrissi, i’m not sure what you are asking. the splots are wordpress themes with built in functionality intended and meant for people to install on their own self-hosted sites. the ones here are mainly for demo purposes, and are naturally open. so any use is okay, but they are un monitored sites. 						 												 					 										 						 						 							reply												 						 										 				 			 		 	 		 			 			 							 				 					 												 						ryan 						 						april , — : am 											 					 					 					 						the new splotbox theme is great – it is very helpful for a project idea that i have been playing around with for a months. can you send me a list of the plugins you have installed on your demo site? more specifically, i am trying to figure out how you get the tmce editor into the description area of the share form (assuming that it comes via a plugin). thanks. 						 												 					 										 						 						 							reply												 						 										 				 			 			 		 			 			 							 				 					 												 						we splot 						 						april , — : pm 											 					 					 					 						thanks. the front editor and all the functionality is designed into the theme (a child theme of garfunkel), no plugins needed. all details on installing and setting up are at https://github.com/cogdog/splotbox let us know if you create something cool with it! 						 												 					 										 						 						 							reply												 						 										 				 			 		 		 				 			 							 				 					 pingbacks				 			 					 		 			 making gifs with imgur | bavatuesdays 			 		 	 		 			 hooking up the tow rope, still not outta the ditch | abject 			 		 	 		 			 #oext what the splot? | the daily extend 			 		 	 		 			 splot? – offene bildung für alle zum mitmachen! – michael eichhorn 			 		 	 		 			 a week of reclaim hosting - zsr library 			 		 										 			 		 				 	 	 		 		leave a reply cancel reply your email address will not be published. comment 			 			notify me of followup comments via e-mail 			 name * email * website 	 	this site uses akismet to reduce spam. learn how your comment data is processed. 								 							 						 						 	 	 					 							 you should be splotting! splot comes from the conviction that there is great value in learners and educators sharing their work on the open web (more…) 		 			 				 					 				try a splot 		splot box 	splotpoint 	the comparator 	the daily blank 	tru collector 	tru writer 			 				 					 				 				what the splot is that? (explained in a splot) 	splot origin story 		 			 			 	 					 																			 							 		 		 	 		 	 	 		splot • blame @cogdog • based on theme by anders norén 	 	 	 	thanks to support from: 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. cashed-up university sector accused of hypocrisy over mass casualisation of workforce, job losses - abc news skip to main contentabc news homepagesearchmore from abcmore from abc close menuabc 	abc home 	news 	radio 	iview 	life 	more editorial policies read our editorial guiding principles 	accessibility 	help 	contact us 	about the abc 	privacy policy 	terms of use 	© abc 	 	 	 	 	just in 	coronavirus 	watch live 	politics 	world 	business 	analysis 	sport 	science 	health 	arts 	fact check 	other news home cashed-up university sector accused of hypocrisy over mass casualisation of workforce, job losses by national education and parenting reporter conor duffy posted thuthursday juljuly at : pmthuthursday juljuly at : pm, updated frifriday juljuly at : amfrifriday juljuly at : am dash jayasuriya lost her job over a zoom call after six-and-a-half years as a teacher for deakin university.(abc news: simon winter) share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp print contentprint with images and other media print text only printcancel some of australia's most prestigious and cashed-up universities are being accused of hypocrisy, as data reveals almost per cent of staff are employed insecurely while "thousands" have been laid off as a result of the covid- pandemic. key points: 	senior university industry figures say the high number of casual employees recorded in victoria are representative across the country 	one industry figure said after "eight years or more" of advanced study many university educators found themselves in a "relatively insecure position" 	union representatives have labelled the move towards mass casualisation as "rank hypocrisy" labelled as the industry's "dirty secret" by unions, victoria is the only state where the law compels academic institutions to report casual employment data. it reveals a record . per cent of staff are employed as casuals or short-term contracts. the abc understands as many as , staff at just two melbourne institutions have no more work — suggesting sector job losses are being significantly under-reported. and senior university industry figures say the victorian figure is reflected nationally in information sent to the federal department of education. "[the numbers] are terrible," national tertiary education union (nteu) president dr alison barnes said. "they [the teachers] have no financial security and that means it's difficult to take holidays, get mortgages, plan a family but it's also that chronic insecurity leads to stress and problems of emotional wellbeing," catch up on the main covid- news from december with our coronavirus blog.the rush towards insecure work has been led by the university of melbourne, australia's richest tertiary institution, which listed reserves of $ . billion while employing . per cent of staff on insecure terms. monash university was a close second on the list, with . per cent of staff employed casually or on short-term contracts but it had much smaller reserves of just over $ billion. students at the university of melbourne, which has been accused of 'hypocrisy' over its cash reserves.(abc news: danielle bonica)reserves are defined as unspent revenue or investments used for emergencies. a university of melbourne spokesman said much of its reserves were "committed" through endowments, capital projects, research, and "employee entitlements". job losses continue on wednesday unsw told staff it was seeking voluntary redundancies by the end of the month, joining a long list of institutions to announce widespread job losses. and according to unions the lax reporting and quiet culling of casuals means the true toll of lost jobs from covid- is likely to be "many thousands" rather than the roughly forced and voluntary redundancies announced publicly. "universities are supposed to hold a critical mirror up to society and it is rank hypocrisy if they don't do so by disguising or lacking transparency around those figures of casual employment and job losses amongst casual employees," dr barnes said. a report released in may from the rapid research information forum (rrif) — and handed to the federal government — estimated that , full-time equivalent jobs in the university sector were at risk by the end of the year, with , estimated to be research-related academic positions. the university of melbourne said it was not able to say how many casuals had lost work since covid- . monash university did not respond to inquiries. fired over zoom call former deakin university employee dash jayasuriya is one of the workers swiftly let go as the numbers of international students fell. dash jayasuriya said she felt abandoned by her employer.(abc news: simon winter)"as we approached the end of april, i started to get really anxious, i was kind of not sleeping, i was feeling really stressed," ms jayasuriya said. ms jayasuriya had been employed at the university most of her adult life, with the last six-and-a-half years teaching english accreditation to international students as a casual, then on contract. by the end of april her fears were realised when she was told her contract would not be renewed and she was let go in a zoom call weeks before her contract ended. "i called two of my colleagues on zoom straight away and i just remember crying and saying i'd lost my job," ms jayasuriya said. as well as "sadness" ms jayasuriya said she felt "betrayal" and accused the billion-dollar institution of making no attempt to save her livelihood. the rise of insecure work has coincided with a decade of record revenues and the consequences of that trend are only being felt now the sector is facing its first downturn. universities australia said the public universities faced a combined revenue loss of between $ billion and $ . billion from the fall in international students on the back of covid- travel restrictions. ms jayasuriya said she felt exploited and expendable and was moving to a new industry. "i also don't want to work there anymore," she said. "it has left a really sour taste for me as it has for many of my colleagues." deakin university estimates it expects to lose at least $ million in revenue next year and is making permanent staff redundant. part of long-term trend professor frank larkin from the university of melbourne is a former senior university manager and chemistry specialist as well as an analyst of his own sector's finances. he said the push to casualisation came after a decade where the federal government required universities to look elsewhere for revenue, with universities fearful it would fluctuate. after a decade of near continuous growth billions are now being slashed from budgets. "i guess universities have been a bit conservative [with budgets], because those markets can be a bit fickle," professor larkin said. "its [revenue from overseas students] is a little different to that secure government grant funding. i think that's partly what's driven the flexibility [in the workforce]." young bear economic brunt of covid- young australians are being hit hardest by job losses and rental arrears due to covid- , so should older australians foot more of the bill once the crisis passes? read more professor larkin said it had been damaging for staff morale. "by the time academic staff reach the point of [teaching and research] most of them now would be expected to have a phd," he said. "so they've done eight years or more of advanced study and find themselves in a relatively insecure position." professor larkin believed the federal government's latest funding reforms around degree pricing would only worsen that trend. universities australia declined to comment on the casualisation of the workforce, instead directing the abc to the australian higher education industrial association which defended not publishing staff data in states other than victoria. universities supply information to the federal department but there is a -month delay in publishing the casual stats. executive director stuart andrews said it was not clear how many casual staff had lost their jobs. "there would be a significant number, though, given there are thousands of international students who have been unable to commence their university studies," mr andrews said unions who spoke to the abc said they would like to see more job security and were discussing this as part of working groups set up by the federal government. posted juljuly thuthursday juljuly at : pm, updated juljuly frifriday juljuly at : am share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp related stories university of nsw to cut almost jobs in a move described as 'devastating' research jobs set to go as coronavirus takes hold throughout australian universities humanities degrees to double in cost as government funnels students into 'job-relevant' uni courses more on: 	australia 	university and further education 	education 	self employment 	community and society top stories 	the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 	'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia 	thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians 	'we should be absolutely alarmed': china prepares to move into the torres strait 	medicare perpetuates inefficiency and needs to adapt and evolve, review finds 	'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan 	stuart taylor did all the right things in the sun, but he's unlikely to make it to christmas 	ardern responds to thunberg after the activist scoffs at new zealand's climate policy 	deep-sea treasure hunter marks five years in prison for failing to reveal location of missing gold coins 	corey was conscious during surgery but couldn't tell doctors. now he's educating medical staff 	australian workers cop 'unfair' abuse as social media users take up arms in wine trade war 	what we know so far about the upcoming australia-nz travel bubble 	killer used just one shot in hit on bikie president at public raceway, police say 	flood warnings remain in place in northern nsw as thunderstorms set for sydney 	investors handed over $ m to sydney businesswoman before she vanished, court told popular now 	 .'we should be absolutely alarmed': china prepares to move into the torres strait 	 .ardern responds to thunberg after the activist scoffs at new zealand's climate policy 	 .corey was conscious during surgery but couldn't tell doctors. now he's educating medical staff 	 .deep-sea treasure hunter marks five years in prison for failing to reveal location of missing gold coins 	 .the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 	 .'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan top stories the $ billion coronavirus fight the insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians 'we should be absolutely alarmed': china prepares to move into the torres strait medicare perpetuates inefficiency and needs to adapt and evolve, review finds 'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan stuart taylor did all the right things in the sun, but he's unlikely to make it to christmas ardern responds to thunberg after the activist scoffs at new zealand's climate policy deep-sea treasure hunter marks five years in prison for failing to reveal location of missing gold coins just in 	'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	medicare perpetuates inefficiency and needs to adapt and evolve, review finds posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am 	year s fight the odds in to achieve sace results on par with previous year posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am 	australian workers cop 'unfair' abuse as social media users take up arms in wine trade war posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am more just in back to top footer abc news homepage more from abc news sections 	abc news 	just in 	coronavirus 	watch live 	politics 	world 	business 	analysis 	sport 	science 	health 	arts 	fact check 	other news in language 	中文 	berita bahasa indonesia 	tok pisin connect with abc news 	facebook 	messenger 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	apple news more from abc news 	contact abc news this service may include material from agence france-presse (afp), aptn, reuters, aap, cnn and the bbc world service which is copyright and cannot be reproduced. aest = australian 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			menu 			skip to content 				home 	about 		 			 	 	 		 		 							 	 				 			 						 				metadata events system: accounting for time 			 										 					leave a reply				 					 				 			 in the last post, i mentioned that there four primary things that we have needed in order to move a large portion of our student and staff workers to full remote work during this quarantine. in this post, i wanted to jump ahead a bit and talk a bit about how we are accounting for remote workers’ time. this is one of the things that the university wrestled with when thinking about moving students offline, how would we be able to account for time. well, one of the ways we are trying to track time is by using the activity in the metadata editing system to help managers understand what their workers are working on. over the past two weeks, the software development unit at the unt libraries has been working hard to push out quite a few changes to a system we call events. this system has been sitting in the background of our metadata editing infrastructure for a number of years collecting what we call “edit events”. an edit event is logged in the event system and contains information about the username, which record they edited, the timestamp for when it was edited, and how long the metadata edit window was open while they were doing metadata. this is then aggregated for users in a dashboard that they can view. for a few years now this system has been unusable because of some code that needed to be refactored now that we have almost . million edit events. that’s what we have been working on for the past few weeks. the first thing to note for users of our edit system is “how do you get to the events pages”. well in the upper left corner of the screen, if you click on the “home” icon you will see an events option in the dropdown. getting to edit events from edit search dashboard this will take you to the events landing page, where you are greeted with an overview of what is going on with the events system. all data is divided into today, this month, and all time and gives you statistics for the number of edits, the number of active users, and the number of unique items that have been edited. clicking on the different buttons will take you to different places. i am going to walk through by clicking on any of the blue buttons for today. edit events overall stats by clicking on any of the today buttons, you are presented with statistics for the edit events that have happened in the system today. you can get an overview of everything that has happened in the system. you can also navigate to different days by clicking on the previous day button. daily stats view for march , at the top of the page, you will see an overview of stats for the day. this includes the number of edits, the number of unique records edited, and how much aggregate time has been spent during the day editing. we also show the first and most recent edit, the number of users that have edited during the day, and then we list the user who has the most edits along with their edit count. events daily stats detail next up is a view of the activity by hour section. i have been amazed to see the time of day when users are editing records. for example, on saturday the th there were users who edited records in of the hours during the day. events hourly stats detail below that block is the activity by user for the day. you can see a listing of all of the users who have edited during the day as well as some statistics related to their activity including the number of edits, number of records, total editing duration and the average time per edit, and the average time per record. clicking on any of the names will take you to an overview of that user’s activity. daily activity by user a user’s page gives information going back a little over a month so that managers can easily verify the time for pay periods that are either every two weeks or one month. in addition to an overview of all of the user’s activity in the events system, you can see a breakdown of what days they have edited records as well as statistics about what activity they completed during that day. by clicking on the day link you can see information specific to that day for that user. user daily activity view the user hourly detail view presents statistics for a user on a specific day. it includes similar information as the overview pages mentioned previously. there is also an hourly table that shows when the user was editing records, including how many edits, hours, duration and average time per edit and record for a given hour. user hourly detail view below the hourly breakdown of activity, you see all of the edits performed by the user on that day. you can link directly to the edit event or you can view information about the record that they have edited. below you will see the detail for a record in the events system. you see how many total edits have taken place with a record including when, and which user performed the edits. there is a link on the page to view the records summary in the edit system to see more information about the record that was edited. record activity view when you click on that link you are taken to the record summary page in the edit interface. record in edit system if you want to dig deeper into what happened with the record, you can click on the view history link and view different versions of the record to see what changes were made. metadata history page there are two other views in the edit events interface that can be useful. if you had clicked on the orange users button on the edit landing page you would see a list of all of the users who have been active during the current week (starting sunday). user activity for this week if you click on the orange items button on the events landing page you get to a view that shows a listing of the records that were edited this week. it also includes the number of edits and the duration of editing for that week. record activity for this week we are hoping that the improved events pages will be useful for managers as they begin to review timesheets for students that they supervise. i know that i have been pleasantly surprised by the data when i can view the number of edits we are getting at all hours of the day. i think it shows the opportunities that we have with our digital library systems for providing engaging, meaningful work to a wide range of users during this quarantine. i skipped forward in my list of components we have needed for this process. over the next blog posts, i will go back and pick up where i left off describing the infrastructure we have in place to communicate instructions and documentation, and finally how we are identifying work that needs to be done in the system. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud and tagged covid- , metadata editing on march , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				managing metadata editing for telecommuting. 			 										 					leave a reply				 					 				 			 many of us in the us, and around the world for that matter, are now sitting at home working remotely trying to maintain some semblance of normalcy during quarantine for covid- . i’m going to write up a few of the things that we have been working on her at the unt libraries to try and provide as many of the library employees, including student employees, with activities that they can do remotely. on march th it became quite clear that there was going to be a large number of folks from the library needing to work remotely, many of us have activities that we can do remotely, and some of us even prefer to work remotely when we have the opportunity. there are however a large group of people at the library that don’t have jobs that directly transfer to working remotely, or in the situation where there aren’t students on campus to directly serve, the work that they would be doing isn’t available for them. we wanted to provide an option for these individuals to create metadata for the unt libraries digital collections if they were interested in doing so. additionally, this would give supervisors some meaningful activity that could be verified in the event that we had to move the workforce remotely because of this pandemic. what we needed there were a few things that we needed to have in place in order to move people online to edit metadata records. 	web-based system for editing metadata 	clear instructions and guides 	a way of identifying work to be done 	a way of coordinating activity 	a way of verifying/tracking activity for timekeeping web-based editing system. there were a number of things that we have in place that allow us to move a large number of people into the metadata creation workflow. first, we have been using a web-based metadata editing system for the entire time that we have had our digital collections. here at unt libraries we creatively call this system edit. this system is built around the metadata format that we have been using locally called untl. we can add a user in the system, assign them to a subset of the collection, usually based on collections, and give them permission to begin editing metadata. we have a system in place to register new users in batches and then invite them to join the editing system. in addition to our own work here in the libraries, we have made use of this metadata editing system for a number of metadata classes of library school students to give them real-world experience writing metadata records in a production system. because of these previous experiences, the task of creating - new accounts for users in the library wasn’t too daunting. for setting up user accounts we make use of a django app that we wrote a few years ago called django_invite (https://github.com/unt-libraries/django-invite). generally, the workflow we follow for new accounts is that we are given one or more new users who need accounts. the information we need is just a name, an email address, and the scope of the collection they need access to. we can enter multiple names at once if they have the same permissions. the permissions for this app are based on the standard django permission and group concepts. django invite once you submit users, the system sends out an invitation email for the user to complete the registration process by picking a name. we are able to see who has established their account and if needed, resend the invitation email. this process makes it fairly straightforward to get people set up in the system. editing records as i said, we have been using a web-based editing system for the unt libraries digital collections for over a decade now. the editing system (edit) starts a user with a view of all of the records that they can access based on their permissions. we call this view the “search dashboard”. edit system: search dashboard from here a user can search the metadata for a record, sort results, and limit their result sets based on any of the facets on the left-hand side of the screen. for those interested, the facets include. 	system 	collections 	partners 	resource type 	visibility (hidden or not) 	date validity (valid edtf dates) 	my edits (records you have edited) 	record completeness 	location data (with/without placenames, geocodes, or bounding boxes) 	recently edited records (last h, h, d, d, d, d, d) edit system: limiting to collection from there a user gets back their results where they can be further refined by sorting. edit system: limited collection the current sort options include: 	title (default) 	date added (newest/oldest 	creation date (newest/oldest) 	date last modified (newest/oldest) 	ark identifier (lowest/highest) 	completeness (lowest/highest) they are also able to see basic information about the object including a thumbnail, the system, collections, and partner in which the item belongs. they can see the accession date and the last date that the item was edited. finally, they can see a visibility flag, green for visible to the public and a red check for not visible. they can choose to go to one of two places for a record, the edit view or the summary view. i will start with an overview of the summary view. edit system: item summary the summary view provides an overview of the record including a compact version of the record itself. we provide an edit timeline to get a better sense of when the item has been edited, and when it became available online. additionally, it has links and other information that are helpful for metadata creators. i will walk through a few of those links now. first up is the view item screen. edit system: view item this view is for the metadata creator to interact with the object itself, they are able to see all of the pages of the item and zoom in to look at the details. for audio and video, they have the ability to view the item in a player as well as download the media files as needed. we also have the ability to see the history of edits that have occurred for a record. this history page presents information about who, when, and a high-level overview of what has happened to the item over time. you might notice a number of edits for this record. one of the things we have noticed in our metadata editing practice is that we tend to take a “column” approach to the editing of records instead of a “row” approach. we will find an issue, maybe an incorrectly formatted name, and fix all of those instances in the system. this results in many edits per record but allows editors to focus on a single task. as you can see, all of the record edits are versioned so it is possible to go back and view what was changed and by whom. edit system: item history the final view is the metadata editor itself. i’ve mentioned this in a number of other posts over time so i won’t go into too much detail here. basically all of the work of editing gets done here. users can add, subtract, reorder, and edit elements. most elements have qualifiers to designate the type of element being used such as the main title, added title, serial title, or series title for the title element. some element such as creator, contributor, and publisher have a type ahead that pull from our name authority system (unt names) and include information about the type of name (personal/organization), the role (author, photographer, editor) and an info field for other bits of info about the agent. all dropdown values are pulled from a centralized vocabulary management system. some of the fields have popup modals for controlled vocabularies, picking locations from a map, or assigning bounding box information to an object. from here users can mark an object as hidden or visible, and publish the record in order to save it back into the system. edit system: edit record as i mentioned above there are a number of other components that are proving to be important as we move a large number of works into our metadata system. in the past week, we have created over new accounts for students and staff in the library so that they can begin to incorporate metadata editing into their work. in the next few posts, i will go over how we are attempting to manage who is doing what and how we are providing social and technical infrastructure to help managers keep track of what is going on with the folks they are responsible for. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud and tagged covid- , metadata editing on march , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				user session analysis: unt scholarly works 			 								 				 			this is a continuation of a series of posts that i never got around to writing earlier this semester.  i posted the first and second post in the series in february but never got around to writing the rest of them.  this time i am looking at if users use items from multiple collections in the unt digital library. the dataset i am using is a subset of the , , user sessions logged in the unt libraries digital collections in .  this subset is specifically for the unt scholarly works repository.  there are a total of , sessions in this dataset and these have been processed in the same way as was mentioned in previous posts. of these , sessions, there were , that were sessions that involved interactions with a single item.  this means % of the time when a user made use of an object in the unt scholarly works repository, it was for just one item.   this leaves us , of the sessions in that would be interesting to look at for our further analysis. 	items accessed	sessions	percentages of all sessions 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % 	 	 	 . % based on what i see in this table i’m choosing item uses as the cutoff point for further analysis.  this means that i will be looking at all of the sessions that have – items per session.  this is % of the , unt scholarly works sessions and % of the sessions that have more than one item used. this represents , user sessions we are analyzing in the rest of this post.. looking at the sessions with the dataset layout we have we can easily go through and look at the partners, resource types, and finally the collections used per session.  let’s get started. the first category we will look at are the partners present in the sessions.  in the unt scholarly works collection there is generally a single partner field for a record.  this partner is usually the contributing college, department, or center on campus where the author of the resource is contributing from.  the model is flat and doesn’t allow for any nuance for multiple authors from different colleges but seems to work pretty well for many of the items in the repository.  as i said there is generally a one-to-one relationship between an object and a partner field in the dataset. unt scholarly works: partners per session from the partners per session graph we can see that there are many sessions that make use of items from multiple partners in a single session.  in fact . % of the sessions that accessed - items made use of items from more than one partner.  to me that is really telling that there are discoveries being made that span disciplines in this collection.  so a user could pull an article that was contributed by the college of information and in the same session pull up something that is from the college of music. that’s pretty cool. the next thing we can look at is the number of different resource types that are used in a given session.  there is generally one resource type per digital object.  these resource types could be an article, a book chapter, a report, a poster, or a presentation.  we are interested in seeing how often a session will include multiple different types of resources. unt scholarly works: types per session in looking at the graph above we can see that for sessions that included between and items there were % of the sessions where users made use of items that were different types. the final area we will look is at the collections per session.  this is a little bit messier to explain because it is possible (and common) for a single digital object to have multiple collections.  we had to take this into account in the way that we counted the collections per session. unt scholarly works: collections per session this graph matches the same kind of pattern that we saw for partners and resource types.  for sessions that used between two and eleven items % of the sessions used two or more different collection combinations.  this means that when a user looked at two or more different records there was a very high chance that they were going to be pulling up a digital object that was from another collection in the unt digital library. so how does this happen?  i can come up with four different ways that this can happen. 	a user is using the main search on https://digital.library.unt.edu/ and just pulls up items that are from a number of collections. 	a user is searching one of the combined search interfaces we have for the library that includes all million metadata records in the unt libraries digital collections. 	a user is coming to our content from a google search that lands them in a collection and they navigate more broadly to get to a resource. 	a user has multiple different browser tabs open and might even have two different search tasks going on but they are getting combined into one session because of the way we are grouping things for this analysis. there are probably other ways that this is happening which might be a good thing to look at in more depth in the future.  i looked briefly at the full list of collections that get used together and some of the combinations aren’t immediately interpretable with a logical story of how these items were viewed together within a session.  the web gets messy. cross-collection sessions in looking at the number of sessions that spanned more than one collection i was interested in understanding which collections were most used with the unt scholarly works repository collection. i took all of the collections present in each session and created pairs of collections in the form of (‘untsw’, ‘untetd’) or (‘untsw’, ‘trail’). these were then grouped and then the results placed into a table to show how everything matches up. 		untsw	untetd	osti	trail	ota	tdnp	mdid	crsr	jnds	untgw 	untsw	 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 	 	 	 	untetd	 , 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	osti	 , 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	trail	 , 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	ota	 , 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	tdnp	 , 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	mdid	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	crsr	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	jnds	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	untgw	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 the table needs just one piece of information to keep in mind.  when you start comparing collections that don’t include untsw you need to remember that because we limited our dataset to sessions that included untsw you should always add that into your interpretation.  for example if you were looking at how often do items from untetd (our theses and dissertation collection) get used with trail (technial report archive and image library collection) you will get sessions.  but you also have to add into that untsw so it is really, how often does untetd, trail and untsw get used together which is . just looking at the first column of the table will give us the collections that are most often accessed within sessions with the unt scholarly works repository.  i pulled those out into the chart below. cross-collection sessions by far the most commonly used collection with the unt scholarly works repository collection is the unt theses and dissertations collection. this occurs % of the time when there are two or more collections used in a session.  the other collections drop off very quickly after untetd. this analysis is just another quick stab at understanding how the digital collections are being accessed by our users.  i think that there is more that we can do with this data and hopefully i’ll get around to doing a bit more analysis this summer.  there are still a few research questions from our original post that we haven’t answered. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on june , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				introducing sampling and new algorithms to the clustering dashboard 			 								 				 			one of the things that we were excited about when we adding the clustering dashboard to the unt libraries’ edit system was the ability to experiment with new algorithms for grouping or clustering metadata values.  i gave a rundown of the cluster dashboard in a previous blog post  this post is going to walk through some of things that we’ve been doing to try and bring new data views to the metadata we are managing here at the unt libraries. the need to sample i’m going to talk a bit about the need to sample values first and then get to the algorithms that make use of it in a bit. when we first developed the cluster dashboard we were working with a process that would take all of the values of a selected metadata element, convert those values into a hash value of some sort and then and identify where there were more than one value that produces the same hash.  we were only interested in the instances that contained multiple values that had the same hash.  while there were a large number of clusters for some of the elements, each cluster had a small number of values.  i think the biggest cluster i’ve seen in the system had values.  this is easy to display to the user in the dashboard so that’s what we did. moving forward we wanted to make use of some algorithms that would result in hundreds, thousands, and even tens of thousands of values per cluster.  an example of this is trying to cluster on the length of a field.  in our dataset there are  , different creator values that are twelve characters in length.  if we tried to display all of that to the user we would quickly blow up the browser for the user which is never any fun. what we have found is that there are some algorithms we want to use that will always return all of the values and not only when there are multiple values that share a common hash.  for these situations we want to be proactive and sample the cluster members so that we don’t overwhelm the users interface. sampling options in cluster dashboard you can see in the screenshot above that there are a few different ways that you can sample the values of a cluster. 	random 	first alphabetically 	last alphabetically 	 most frequent 	 least frequent this sampling allows us to provide some new types of algorithms but still keep the system pretty responsive.  so far we’ve found this works because when you are using these cluster algorithms that return so many value you generally aren’t interested in the clusters that are the giant clusters. you are typically looking for anomalies that show up in smaller clusters, like really long or really short values for a field. cluster options in dashboard showing sampled and non-sampled clustering algorithms. we divided the algorithm selection dropdown into two parts to try and show the user the algorithms that will be sampled and the ones that don’t require sampling.  the option to select a sample method will only show up when it is required by the algorithm selected. new algorithms as i mentioned briefly above we’ve added a new set of algorithms to the cluster dashboard.  these algorithms have been implemented to find anomalies in the data that are a bit hard to find other ways.  first on the list is the length algorithm.  this algorithm uses the number of characters or length of the value as the clustering key.  generally the very short and the very long values are the ones that we are interested in. i’ll show some screenshots of what this reveals about our subject element.  i always feel like i should make some sort of defense of our metadata when i show these screenshots but i have a feeling that anyone actually reading this will know that metadata is messy. subject clustered by length (shortest) subject clustered by length (longest) so quickly we can get to values that we probably want to change. in this case the subject values that are only one character in length or those that are over , characters in length. a quick story about how this is useful.  we had a metadata creator a few years back accidentally pasted the contents of a personal email into the title field of a photograph because they just got their clipboard mixed up.  they didn’t notice this so it went unnoticed for a few weeks until it was stumbled on by another metadata editor.  this sort of thing happens from time to time and can show up with this kind of view. there are a few variations on the length that we provide.  instead of the number of characters we have another view that is the count of tokens in the metadata value.  so a value of “university of north texas” would have a token count of .  this gives a similar but different view as the length. beyond that we provide some algorithms that look at the length of tokens within the values.  so the value of “university of north texas” would have an average token length of . .  i’ve honestly not found a good use for the average token length, median token length, token length mode, or token length range yet but maybe we will? finally there is the pattern mask algorithm that was implemented primarily for the date field in our metadata records.  this algorithm takes in the selected metadata element values and converts all digits to   and all of the letters to an a.  it leaves all punctuation characters alone. so a value of “ ” maps to “ ” or a value of “july , ” maps to “aaaa , ”. pattern mask on date element in the example above you can quickly see the patterns that we will want to address as we continue to clean up our date element. as i mentioned at the beginning of the post, one of the things that we were excited about when we implemented the cluster dashboard was the ability to try out different algorithms for looking at our metadata.  this is our first set of “new” algorithms for the system.  we also had to add the ability to sample the clusters because the can quickly get crazy with the number of values.  hopefully we will be able to add additional clustering algorithms to the system in the future. are there any ideas that you have for us that you would like us to try out in the interface?  if so please let me know, we would love to experiment a bit. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on april , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				user session analysis: investigating sessions 			 								 				 			in the previous post in this series i laid out the work that we were going to do with session data from the unt libraries’ digital collections.  in order to get the background that this post builds from take a quick look at that post. in this post we are going to look at the data for the  , , user sessions that we generated from the apache access logs from the unt libraries digital collections. items per sessions the first thing that we will take a look at in the dataset is information about how many different digital objects or items are viewed during a session. 	items accessed	sessions	percentage of all sessions 	 	 , , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 , 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 - 	 	 . % 	 +	 	 . % i grouped the item uses per session in order to make the table a little easier to read.  with % of sessions being single item accesses that means we have % of the sessions that have more than one item access. this is still  , , sessions that we can look at in the dataset so not bad. you can also see that there are a few sessions that have a very large number of items associated with them. for example there are sessions that have over , items being used.  i would guess that this is some sort of script or harvester that is masquerading as a browser. here are some descriptive statistics for the items per session data. 	n	min	median	max	mean	stdev 	 , , 	 	 	 , 	 . 	 . for further analysis we will probably restrict our sessions to those that have under items used in a single session.  while this might remove some legitimate sessions that used a large number of items, it will give us numbers that we can feel a bit more confident about.  that will leave , , or % of the sessions with more than one item used still in the dataset for further analysis. duration of sessions the next thing we will look at is the duration of sessions in the dataset.  we limited a single session to all interactions by an ip address in a thirty minute window so that gives us the possibility of sessions up to , seconds. 	minutes	sessions	percentage of sessions 	 	 , , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % 	 	 , 	 . % the table above groups a session into buckets for each minute.  the biggest bucket by number of sessions is the bucket of minutes. this bucket has sessions that are up to seconds in length and accounts for  , , or % of the sessions in the dataset. 	duration	sessions	percent of sessions under min 	 sec	 , , 	 % 	 - sec	 , , 	 % 	 - sec	 , 	 % 	 - sec	 , 	 % 	 - sec	 , 	 % 	 - sec	 , 	 % 	 - sec	 , 	 % you might be wondering about those sessions that lasted only zero seconds.  there are , , of them which is % of the sessions that were under one minute.  these are almost always sessions that used items as part of an embedded link, a pdf view directly from another site (google, twitter, webpage) or a similar kind of view. next steps this post helped us get a better look at the data that we are working with.  there is a bit of strangeness here and there with the data but this is pretty normal for situations where you work with access logs.  the web is a strange place full of people, spiders, bots,  and scripts. next up we will actually dig into some of the research questions we had in the first post.  we know how we are going to limit our data a bit to get rid of some of the outliers in the number of items used and we’ve given a bit of information about the large number of very short duration sessions.  so more to come. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on february , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				user session analysis: connections between collections, type, institutions 			 								 				 			i’ve been putting off some analysis that a few of us at the unt libraries have wanted to do with the log files of the unt libraries digital collections.  this post (and probably a short series to follow) is an effort to get back on track. there are three systems that we use to provide access to content and those include: the portal to texas history, the unt digital library, and the gateway to oklahoma history. in our digital collections there are a few things that we’ve said over time that we feel very strongly about but which we’ve never really measured.  first off we have said that there is value in co-locating all of our content in the same fairly uniform system instead of building visually and functionally distinct systems for different collections of items.  so instead of each new project or collection going into a new system, we’ve said there is not only cost savings, but real value in putting them all together in a single system.  we’ve said “there is an opportunity for users to not only find content from your collection, but they could find useful connections to other items in the overall digital library”. another thing we’ve said is that there is value in putting all different types of digital objects together into our digital systems.  we put the newspapers, photographs, maps, audio, video, and datasets together and we think there is value in that.  we’ve said that users will be able to find newspaper issues, photographs, and maps that might meet their need.  if we had a separate newspaper system, separate video or audio system some of this cross-type discovery would never take place. finally we’ve said that there is great value in locating collections from many institutions together in a system like the portal to texas history.  we thought (and still think) that users would be able to do a search and it will pull resources together from across institutions in texas that have matching resources. because of the geography of the state, you might be finding things that are physically located or hours away from each other at different institutions. in the portal, these could be displayed together, something that would be challenging if they weren’t co-located in a system. in our mind these aren’t completely crazy concepts but we do run into other institutions and practitioner that don’t always feel as strongly about this as we do.  the one thing that we’ve never done locally is look at the usage data of the systems and find out: 	do users discover and use items from different collections? 	do users discover and use items that are different types? 	do users discover and use items that are from different contributing partners? this blog post is going to be the first in a short series that takes a  look at the usage data in the unt libraries digital collections in an attempt to try and answer some of these questions. hopefully that is enough background, now let’s get started: how to answer the questions. in order to get started we had to think a little bit about how we wanted to pull together data on this.  we have been generating item-based usage for the digital library collections for a while.  these get aggregated into collection and partner statistics that we make available in the different systems.  the problem with this data is that it just shows what items were used and how many times in a day they were used.  it doesn’t show what was used together. we decided that we needed to go back to the log files from the digital collections and re-create user sessions to group item usage together.  after we have information about what items were used together we can sprinkle in some metadata about those items and start answering our questions. with that as a plan we can move to the next step. preparing the data we decided to use all of the log files for from our digital collections servers.  this ends up being  , , , lines of apache access logs (geez, over . billion, or . million server requests a day).  the data came from two different servers that collectively host all of the application traffic for the three systems that make up the unt libraries’ digital collections. we decided that we would define a session as all of the interactions that a single ip address has with the system in a minute window.  if a user uses the system for more than minutes, say minutes, that would count as one thirty minute session and one fifteen minute session. we started by writing a script that would do three things.  first it would ignore lines in the log file that were from robots and crawlers.  we have a pretty decent list of these bots so that was easy to remove.  next we further reduced the data by only looking at digital object accesses.  specifically lines that looked something like ‘/ark:/ /metapth /`. this pattern in our system denotes an item access and these are what we were interested in.  finally we only were concerned with accesses that returned content so we only looked at lines that returned a status code. we filtered the log files down to three columns of data.  the first column was the timestamp for when the http access was made,  the second column was the has of the hashed ip address used to make the request, and the final column was the digital item path requested.  this resulted in a much smaller dataset to work with, from , , , down to  , , individual lines of data. here is what a snipped of data looks like dce e d a e a b a ec e /ark:/ /metadc /m / /high_res_d/bulletin .pdf fa cf b a fe f /ark:/ /metadc /m / /high_res/ fa cf b a fe f /ark:/ /metadc /m / /high_res/ b e b aadb d c ab /ark:/ /metadc /m / /high_res_d/dissertation.pdf accb d f ef d bfb /ark:/ /metacrs /m / /high_res_d/rs _ may .pdf decabc fc bad b /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc / f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ c a f b a fabd f c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /med_res_d/ f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /med_res/ f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ f b f b fd c beee c /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ ef c dd cb b b f b /ark:/ /metadc /m / /small_res/ a ce e cd e b c df d a /ark:/ /metadc /m / /med_res/ ea ba d a d ff c e e /ark:/ /metadc /m / /high_res/ you can see the three columns in the data there. the next step was actually to sort all of this data by the timestamp in the first column.  you might notice that not all of the lines are in chronological order in the sample above.  by sorting on the timestamp, things will fall into order based on time. the next step was to further reduce this data down into sessions.  we created a short script that we could feed the data into and it would keep track of the ip addresses it came across, note the objects that the ip hash used, and after a thirty minute period of time (based on the timestamp) it would start the aggregation again. the result was a short json structure that looked like this. { "arks": ["metapth ", "metapth "], "ip_hash": " ebfe f b c b e ead e ", "timestamp_end": , "timestamp_start": } this json has the ip hash, the starting and ending timestamp for that session, and finally the items that were used.  each of these json structures were placed into a file, a line-oriented set of json “files” that would get used in the following steps. this new line-oriented json file is , , lines long, with one line representing a single user session for the unt libraries’ digital collections.  i think that’s pretty cool. i think i’m going to wrap up this post but in the next post i will take a look at what these users sessions look like with a little bit of sorting, grouping, plotting, and graphing. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on february , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				metadata quality interfaces: cluster dashboard (openrefine clustering baked right in) 			 								 				 			this is the last of the updates from our summer’s activities in creating new metadata interfaces for the unt libraries digital collections.  if you are interested in the others in this series you can view the past few posts on this blog where i talk about our facet, count, search, and item interfaces. this time i am going to talk a bit about our cluster dashboard.  this interface took a little bit longer than the others to complete.  because of this, we are just rolling it out this week, but it is before autumn so i’m calling it a summer interface. i warn you that there are going to be a bunch of screenshots here, so if you don’t like those, you probably won’t like this post. cluster dashboard for a number of years i have been using openrefine for working with spreadsheets of data before we load them into our digital repository.  this tool has a number of great features that help you get an overview of the data you are working with, as well as identifying some problem areas that you should think about cleaning up.  the feature that i have always felt was the most interesting was their data clustering interface.  the idea of this interface is that you choose a facet, (dimension, column) of your data and then group like values together.  there are a number of ways of doing this grouping and for an in-depth discussion of those algorithms i will point you to the wonderful openrefine clustering documentation. openrefine is a wonderful tool for working with spreadsheets (and a whole bunch of other types of data) but there are a few challenges that you run into when you are working with data from our digital library collections.  first of all our data generally isn’t rectangular.  it doesn’t easily fit into a spreadsheet.  we have some records with one creator, we have some records with dozens of creators.  there are ways to work with these multiple values but things get complicated. the bigger challenge we generally have is that while many systems can generate a spreadsheet of their data for exporting, very few of them (our system included) have a way of importing those changes back into the system in a spreadsheet format.  this means that while you could pull data from the system, clean it up in openrefine, when you were ready to put it back in the system you would run into the problem that there wasn’t a way to get that nice clean data back into the system. a way that you could use openrefine was to identify records to change and then have to go back into the system and change records there. but that is far from ideal. so how did we overcome this? we wanted to use the openrefine clustering but couldn’t get data easily back into our system.  our solution?  bake the openrefine clustering right into the system.  that’s what this post is about. the first thing you see when you load up the cluster dashboard is a quick bit of information about how many records, collections, and partners you are going to be working on values from.  this is helpful to let you know the scope of what you are cluster, both to understand why it might take a while to generate clusters, but also because it is generally better to run these clustering tools over the largest sets of data that you can because it can pull in variations from many different records.  other than that you are presented with a pretty standard dashboard interface from the unt libraries’ edit system. you can limit to subsets of records with the facets on the left side and the number of items you cluster over will change accordingly. cluster dashboard the next thing that you will see is a little help box below the clustering stats. this is a help interface that helps to explain how to use the clustering dashboard and a little more information about how the different algorithms work.  metadata folks generally like to know the fine details about how the algorithms work, or at least be able to find that information if they want to know it later. cluster dashboard help the first thing you do is select a field/element/facet that you are interested in clustering. in the example below i’m going to select the contributor field. choosing an element to cluster once you make a selection you can further limit it to a qualifier, in this case you could limit it to just the contributors that are organizations, or contributors that are composers.  as i said above, using more data generally works better so we will just run the algorithms over all of the values. you next have the option of choosing an algorithm for your clustering.  we recommend to people that they start with the default fingerprint algorithm because it is a great starting point.  i will discuss the other algorithms later in this post. choosing an algorithm after you select your algorithm, you hit submit and things start working.  you are given a screen that will have a spinner that tells you the clusters are generating. generating clusters depending on your dataset size and the number of unique values of the selected element, you could get your results back on a second or dozens of seconds.  the general flow of data after you hit submit is to query the solr backend for all of the facet values and their counts.  these values are then processed with the chosen algorithm that creates a “key” for that value.  another way to think about it is that the values are placed into a bucket that groups similar values together.  there are some calculations that are preformed on the clusters and then they are cached for about ten minutes by the system.  after you wait for the clusters to generate the first time they are much quicker for the next ten minutes. in the screen below you can see the results of this first clustering.  i will go into detail about the values and options you have to work with the clusters. contributor clusters with fingerprint key collision hashing the first thing that you might want to do is sort the clusters in a different way.  by default they are sorted with the value of the cluster key.  sometimes this makes sense, sometimes it doesn’t make sense as to why something is in a given order.  we thought about displaying the key but found that it was also distracting in the interface. different ways of sorting clusters one of the ways that i like to sort the clusters is by the number of cluster members.  the image below shows the clusters with this sort applied. contributor field sorted by members here is a more detailed view of a few clusters.  you can see that the name of the russian composer shostakovich has been grouped into a cluster of members.  this represents different records in the system with a contributor element for this composer.  next to each member value you will see a number in parenthesis, this is the number of records that uses that variation of the value. contributor cluster detail you can also sort based on the number of records that a cluster contains.  this brings up the most frequently used values.  generally there are a large number that have a value and then a few records that have a competing value.  usually pretty easy to fix. contributor element sorted by records sorting by the average length variation can help find values that are strange duplications of themselves.  repeated phrases, a double copy and paste, strange things like that come to the surface. contributor element sorted by average length variation finally sorting by average length is helpful if you want to work with the longest or shortest values that are similar. contributor element sorted by average length different algorithms i’m going to go through the different algorithms that we currently have in production.  our hope is that as time moves forward we will introduce new algorithms or slight variations of algorithms to really get at some of the oddities of the data in the system.  first up is the fingerprint algorithm.  this is a direct clone of the default fingerprint algorithm used by openrefine. contributor element clustered using fingerprint key collision a small variation we introduced was instead of replacing punctuation with a whitespace character, the fingerprint-ns (no space) just removes the punctuation without adding whitespace.  this would group f.b.i with fbi where the other fingerprint algorithm wouldn’t group them together.  this small variation surfaces different clusters.  we had to keep reminding ourselves that when we created the algorithms that there wasn’t such a thing as “best”, or “better”, but instead they were just “different”. contributor element clustered using fingerprint (no space) key collision one thing that is really common for names in bibliographic metadata is that they have many dates.  birth, death, flourished, and so on.  we have a variation of the fingerprint algorithm that removes all numbers in addition to punctuation.  we call this one fingerprint-nd (no dates).  this is helpful for grouping names that are missing dates with versions of the name that have dates.  in the second cluster below i pointed out an instance of mozart’s name that wouldn’t have been grouped with the default fingerprint algorithm.  remember, different, not better or best. contributor element clustered using fingerprint (no dates) key collision from there we branch out into a few simpler algorithms.  the caseless algorithm just lowercases all of the values and you can see clusters that only differ in ways that are related to upper case or lower case values. contributor element clustered using caseless (lowercase) key collision next up is the ascii algorithm which tries to group together values that only differ in diacritics.  so for instance the name jose and josé would be grouped together. contributor element clustered using ascii key collision the final algorithm is just a whitespace normalization called normalize whitespace, it removes consecutive whitespace characters to group values. contributor element clustered using normalized whitespace key collision you may have noticed that the number of clusters went down dramatically from the fingerprint algorithms to the caseless, ascii, or normalize whitespace, we generally want people to start with the fingerprint algorithms because they will be useful most of the time. other example elements here are a few more examples from other fields.  i’ve gone ahead and sorted them by members (high to low) because i think that’s the best way to see the value of this interface.  first up is the creator field. creator element clustered with fingerprint algorithm and sorted by members next up is the subject field.  we have so so many ways of saying “ou football” subject element clustered with fingerprint algorithm and sorted by members the real power of this interface is when you start fixing things.  in the example below i’m wanting to focus in on the value “football (o u )”.  i do this by clicking the link for that member value. subject element cluster detail you are taken directly to a result set that has the records for that selected value.  in this case there are two records with “football (o u )”. selected records all you have to do at this point is open up a record, make the edit and publish that record back. many of you will say “yeah but wouldn’t some sort of batch editing be faster here?”  and i will answer “absolutely,  we are going to look into how we would do that!” (but it is a non-trivial activity due to how we manage and store metadata, so sadface 🙁 ) subject value in the record there you have it, the cluster dashboard and how it works.  the hope is to empower our metadata creators and metadata managers to better understand and if needed, clean up the values in our metadata records.  by doing so we are improving the ability for people to connect different records based on common valuse between the records. as we move forward we will introduce a number of other algorithms that we can use to cluster values.  there are also some other metrics that we will look at for sorting records to try and tease out “which clusters would be the most helpful to our users to correct first”.  that is always something we are keeping in the back of our head,  how can we provide a sorted list of things that are most in need of human fixing.  so if you are interested in that sort of thing stay tuned, i will probably talk about it on this blog. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on september , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				metadata interfaces: search dashboard 			 								 				 			this is the next blog post in a series that discusses some of the metadata interfaces that we have been working on improving over the summer for the unt libraries digital collections.  you can catch up on those posts about our item views, facet dashboard, and element count dashboard if you are curious. in this post i’m going to talk about our search dashboard.  this dashboard is really the bread and butter of our whole metadata editing application.  about % of the time a user who is doing some metadata work will login and work with this interface to find the records that they need to create or edit. the records that they see and can search are only ones that they have privileges to edit.  in this post you will see what i see when i login to the system, the nearly . million records that we are currently managing in our systems. let’s get started. search dashboard if you have read the other post you will probably notice quite a bit of similarity between the interfaces.  all of those other interfaces were based off of this search interfaces.  you can divide the dashboard into three primary sections.  on the left side there are facets that allow you to refine your view in a number of ways.  at the top of the right column is an area where you can search for a term or phrase in a record you are interested in.  finally under the search box there is a result set of items and various ways to interact with those results. by default all the records that you have access to are viewable if you haven’t refined your view with a search or a limiting facet. edit interface search dashboard the search section of the dashboard lets you find a specific record or set of records that you are interested in working with.  you can choose to search across all of the fields in the metadata record or just a specific metadata field using the dropdown next to where you enter your search term.  you can search single words, phrases, or unique identifiers for records if you have those.  once you hit the search button you are on your way. search and view options for records once you have submitted your search you will get back a set of results.  i’ll go over these more in depth in a little bit. record detail you can sort your results in a variety of ways.  by default they are returned in title order but you can sort them by the date they were added to the system, the date the original item was created, the date that the metadata record was last modified, the ark identifier and finally by a completeness metric.   you also have the option to change your view from the default list view to the grid view. sort options here is a look at the grid view.  it presents a more visually compact view of the records you might be interested in working with. grid view the image below is a detail of a record view. we tried to pack as much useful information into each row as we  could.  we have the title, a thumbnail, several links to either the edit or summary item view on the left part of the row.  following that we have the system, collection, and partner that the record belongs to. we have the unique ark identifier for the object, the date that it was added to the unt libraries’ digital collections, and the date the metadata was last modified.  finally we have a green check if the item is visible to the public or a red x if the item is hidden from the public. record detail facet section there are a number of different facets that a user can use to limit the records they are working with to a smaller subset.  the list is pretty long so i’ll first show you it in a single image and then go over some of the specifics in more detail below. facet options the first three facets are the system, collection and partner facets.  we have three systems that we manage records for with this interface, the portal to texas history, the unt digital library, and the gateway to oklahoma history. each digital item can belong to multiple collections and generally belongs to a single partner organization.  if you are interested in just working on the records for the kxas-nbc new collection you can limit your view of records by selecting that value from the collections facet area. system, collections and partners facet options next are the resource type and visibility facets.  it is often helpful to limit to just a specific resource type, like maps when you are doing your metadata editing so that you don’t see things that you aren’t interested in working with.  likewise there are some kinds of metadata editing that you want to focus primarily on items that are already viewable to the public and you don’t want the hidden records to get in the way. you can do this with the visibility facet. resource type and visibility facet options next we start getting into the new facet types that we added this summer to help identify records that need some metadata uplift.  we have the date validity, my edits, and location data facets. date validity is a facet that allows you to identify records that have dates in them that are not valid according to the extended date time format (edtf).  there are two different fields in a record that are checked, the date field and the coverage field (which can contain dates).  if any of these aren’t valid edtf strings then we mark the whole record as having invalid dates.  you can use this facet to identify these and go in a correct those values. next up is a facet for just the records that you have edited in the past.  this can be helpful for a number of reasons.  i use it from time to time to see if any of the records that i’ve edited have developed any issues like dates that aren’t valid since i last edited them.  it doesn’t happen often but can be helpful. finally there is a section of location data.  this set of facets is helpful for identifying records which have or don’t have a place name, place point, or place box in the record.  helpful if you are working through a collection trying to add geographic information to the records. date validity, my edits, and location data facet options the final set of facets are recently edited records, and record completeness.  the first is the recently edited records which is pretty straight forward.  this just a listing of how many records have been edited in the past h, h, d, d, d, d in the system.  one note that causes a bit of confusion here is that these are records that are edited by  anyone in the past period of time.  it is often misunderstood as “your edits” in a given period of time which isn’t true.  still very helpful but can get you into some strange results if you think about it the other way. the last facet value is for the record completeness. we really have two categories, records that have a completeness of . (complete records) or records that are less than . (incomplete records).  this metric is calculated when the item is indexed in the system and based on our notion of a minimally viable record. recently edited records and record completeness facet options this finishes this post about the search dashboard for the unt libraries digital collections.  we have been working to build out this metadata environment for about the last eight years and have slowly refined it to the metadata creation and editing workflows that seem to work for the widest number of folks here at unt.  there are always improvements that we can make and we have been steadily chipping away at those over time. there are a few other things that we’ve been working on over the summer that i will post about in the next week or so, so stay tuned for more. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on september , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				metadata quality interfaces: element count dashboard 			 								 				 			next up in our review of the new metadata quality interfaces we have implemented this summer is our element count dashboard. the basics of this are that whenever we index metadata records in our solr index we go ahead and count the number of instances of a given element, or a given element with a specific qualifier and store those away in the index.  this results in hundreds of fields that are the counts of element instances in those fields. we built an interface on top of these counts because we had a hunch that we would be able to use this information to help us identify problems in our metadata records.  it feels like i’m showing some things in our metadata that we probably don’t want to really highlight but it is all for helping others understand.  so onward! element count dashboard the dashboard is similar to other dashboards in the edit system.  you have the ability to limit your view to just the collection, partner or system you are interested in working with. count dashboard from there you can select an element you are interested in viewing counts for.  in the example below i am interested in looking at the description element or field. select an element to view counts once your selection is made you are presented with the number of instances of the description field in a record.  this is a little more helpful if you know that in our metadata world, a nice clean record will generally have two description fields.  one for a content description and one for a physical description of the item. more than two is usually strange and less than one is usually bad. counts for description elements to get a clearer view you can see the detail below.  this again is for the top level description element where we like to have two descriptions. detail of description counts you can also limit to a qualifier specifically.  in the example below you see the counts of description elements with a content qualifier.  the , records that have two description elements with a content qualifier are pretty strange.  we should probably fix those. detail of description counts for content qualifier next we limit to just the physical description qualifier. you will see that there are a bunch that don’t have any sort of physical description and then that have two. we should fix both of those record sets. detail of description counts for physical qualifier because of the way that we index things we can also get at the description elements that don’t have either a content or physical qualifier selected.  these are identified with a value of none for the qualifier.  you can see that there are , , records that have zero description elements with a none qualifier.  that’s awesome.  you can also see that have one element and that have two elements that are missing qualifiers.  that’s not awesome. detail of description counts for none qualifier i’m hoping you are starting to see how this kind of interface could be useful to drill into records that might look a little strange.  when you identify something strange all you have to do is click on the number and you are taken directly to the records that match what you’ve asked for.  in the example below we are seeing all of the records that have two physical descriptions because this is something we are interested in correcting. records with multiple duplicate physical qualifiers if you open up a record to edit you will see that yes, in fact there are two physical descriptions in this record. it looks like the first one should actually be a content description. example of two physical descriptions that need to be fixed once we change that value we can hit the publish button and be on our way fixing other metadata records.  the counts will update about thirty seconds later to reflect the corrections that you have made. fixed physical and content descriptions even more of a good thing. because i think this is a little different than other interfaces you might be used to, it might be good to see another example. this time we are looking at the creator element in the element count dashboard. creator counts you will see that there are different counts from zero way up into way way too many creators on an item (silly physics articles). i was curious to see what the counts looked like for creator elements that were missing a role qualifier.  these are identified by selecting the none value from the qualifier dropdown. creator counts for missing qualifiers you can see that the majority of our records don’t have creator elements missing the role qualifier but there are a number that do.  we can fix those.  if you wanted to look at those records that have five different creator elements that don’t have a role you would end up getting to records that loo like the one below. example of multiple missing types and roles you will notice that when a record has a problem there are often multiple things wrong with it. in this case not only is it missing role information for each of these creator elements but there is also name type information that is missing.  once we fix those we can move along and edit some more. and a final example. i’m hoping you are starting to see how this interface could be useful.  here is another example if you aren’t convinced yet.  we are completing a retrospective digitization of theses and dissertations here at unt.  not only is this a bunch of digitization but it is quite a bit of metadata that we are adding to both the unt digital library as well as our traditional library catalog.   let’s look at some of those records. you can limit your dashboard view to the collection you are interested in working on.  in this case we choose the unt theses and dissertations collection. next up we take a look at the number of creator elements per record. theses and dissertations are generally authored by just one person.  it would be strange to see counts other than one. creator counts for these and dissertations collection it looks lie there are records that are missing creator elements and a single record that for some reason has two creator elements.  this is strange and we should take a look. below you will see the view of the records that are missing a creator element.  sadly at the time of writing there are seven of these that are visible to the public so that’s something we really need to fix in a hurry. example theses that are missing creators that’s it for this post about our element count dashboard.  i hope that you find this sort of interface interesting.  i’d be interested to hear if you have interfaces like this for your digital library collections or if you think something like this would be useful in your metadata work. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter. 					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on september , by vphill.								 	 							 	 				 			 						 				metadata quality interfaces: facet dashboard 			 								 				 			this is the second post in a series that discusses the new metadata interfaces we have been developing for the unt libraries’ digital collections metadata editing environment. the previous post was related to the item views that we have created. this post discusses our facet dashboard in a bit of depth.  let’s get started. facet dashboard a little bit of background is in order so that you can better understand the data that we are working with in our metadata system.  the unt libraries uses a locally-extended dublin core metadata element set. in addition to locally-extending the elements to include things like collection, partner, degree, citation, note, and meta fields we also qualify many of the fields. a qualifier usually specifics what type of value is represented.  so a subject could be a keyword, or an lcsh value. a creator could be an author, or a photographer.  many of the fields have the ability to have one qualifier for the value. when we index records in our solr instance we store strings of each of these elements, and each of the elements plus qualifiers, so we have fields we can facet on.  this results in facet fields for creator as well as specifically creator_author, or creator_photographer.  for fields that we expect the use of a qualifier we also capture when there isn’t a qualifier in a field like creator_none.  this results in many hundreds of fields in our solr index but we do this for good reason,  to be able to get at the data in ways that are helpful for metadata maintainers. the first view we created around this data was our facet dashboard.  the image below shows what you get when you go to this view. default facet dashboard on the left side of the screen you are presented with facets that you can make use of to limit and refine the information you are interested in viewing.  i’m currently looking at all of the records from all partners and all collections.  this is a bit over . million records. the next step is to decide which field you are interested in seeing the facet values for.  in this case i am choosing the creator field. selecting a field to view facet values after you make a selection you are presented with a paginated view of all of the creator values in the dataset ( , unique values in this case). these are sorted alphabetically so the first values are the ones that generally start with punctuation. in addition to the string value you are presented the number of records in the system that have that given value. all creator values because there can be many many pages of results sometimes it is helpful to jump directly to a subset of the records.  this can be accomplished with a “begins with” dropdown in the left menu.  i’m choosing to look at only facets that start with the letter d. limit to a specific letter after making a selection you are presented with the facets that start with the letter d instead of the whole set.  this makes it a bit easier to target just the values you are looking for. creator values starting with d sometimes when you are looking at the facet values you are trying to identify values that fall next to each other but that might differ only a little bit. one of the things that can make this a bit easier is having a button that can highlight just the whitespace in the strings themselves. highlight whitespace button once you click this button you see that the whitespace is now highlighted in green.  this highlighting in combination with using a monospace font makes it easier to see when values only differ with the amount of whitespace. highlighted whitespace once you have identified a value that you want to change the next thing to do is just click on the link for that facet value. identified value to correct you are taken to a new tab in your browser that has just the records that have the selected value.  in this case there was just one record with “d & h photo” that we wanted to edit. record with identified value we have a convenient highlighting of visited rows on the facet dashboard so you know which values you have clicked on. highlighted reminder of selected value in addition to just seeing all of the values for the creator field you can also limit your view to a specific qualifier by selecting the qualifier dropdown when it is available. select an optional qualifier you can also look at items that don’t have a given value, for example creator values that don’t have a name type designated.  this is identified with a qualifier value of none-type. creator values without a designated type you get just the + values in the system that don’t have a name type designated. all of this can be performed on any of the elements or any of the qualified elements of the metadata records. while this is a useful first step in getting metadata editors directly to both the values of fields and their counts in the form of facets, it can be improved upon.  this view still requires users to scan a long long list of items to try and identify values that should be collapsed because they are just different ways of expressing the same thing with differences in spacing or punctuation. it is only possible to identify these values if they are located near each other alphabetically.  this can be a problem if you have a field like a name field that can have inverted or non-inverted strings for names.  so there is room for improvement of these interfaces for our users. our next interface to talk about is our count dashboard.  but that will be in another post. if you have questions or comments about this post,  please let me know via twitter.       					 		 		 			this entry was posted in thinking outloud on august , by vphill.								 	 			 						 				post navigation 				← older posts 				 			 			 		 		 	 			 			 				 					search for: 					 					 				 			 		 		recent posts 			 					metadata events system: accounting for time 									 	 					managing metadata editing for telecommuting. 									 	 					user session 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	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up edit last edited anonymously april , | history rik roots work add another? showing all works by author. would you like to see only ebooks? 	 the rikverse by rik roots first published in edition not in library lists add to list links (outside open library) no links yet. add one? history 	created april , 	 revision download catalog record: rdf / json 	april , 	 created by an anonymous user 	 initial import open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b harry potter and the methods of rationality (march th edition) | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up harry potter and the methods of rationality harry potter and the methods of rationality ×close read listen want to read download for print-disabled download options 	pdf 	plain text 	daisy buy this book 	 better world books share this book 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 pinterest 	 embed edit last edited by mek april , | history an edition of harry potter and the methods of rationality ( ) harry potter and the methods of rationality by eliezer yudkowsky 	 ★★★★ . 	 ratings 	 want to read 	 currently reading 	 have read this edition was published in march th by fanfiction.net — pages in this alternative version of j.k. rowling's famous tale, petunia evans marries the biochemist michael verres. the couple adopts her orphaned nephew. christened "harry james potter-evans-verres," he is raised in an environment of science, knowledge, and rationality. upon discovering the wizarding world, he prepares to turn it upside down with his keen intellect. read more read less subjects harry potter, fanfiction, fantasy, rational, fiction, rationalfiction, rationalfic read more read less 	 view edition 	 overview 	 this edition previews available in: 	edition	availability 	 harry potter and the methods of rationality march th , fanfiction.net paperback 	 aaaa 	 read listen download for print-disabled add another edition? harry potter and the methods of rationality first published in subjects harry potter, fanfiction, fantasy, rational, fiction, rationalfiction, rationalfic people harry potter work description in this alternative version of j.k. rowling's famous tale, petunia evans marries the biochemist michael verres. the couple adopts her orphaned nephew. christened "harry james potter-evans-verres," he is raised in an environment of science, knowledge, and rationality. upon discovering the wizarding world, he prepares to turn it upside down with his keen intellect. links outside open library 	fanfiction.net edition 	hpmor website edit harry potter and the methods of rationality this edition was published in march th by fanfiction.net table of contents 	chapter 	a day of very low probability	 	chapter 	everything i believe is false	 	chapter 	comparing reality to its alternatives	 	chapter 	the efficient market hypothesis	 	chapter 	the fundamental attribution error	 	chapter 	the planning fallacy	 	chapter 	reciprocation	 	chapter 	positive bias	 	chapter 	title redacted, part i	 	chapter 	self awareness, part ii	 	chapter 	omake files , , 	 	chapter 	impulse control	 	chapter 	asking the wrong questions	 	chapter 	the unknown and the unknowable	 	chapter 	conscientiousness	 	chapter 	lateral thinking	 	chapter 	locating the hypothesis	 	chapter 	dominance hierarchies	 	chapter 	delayed gratification	 	chapter 	bayes's theorem	 	chapter 	rationalization	 	chapter 	the scientific method	 	chapter 	belief in belief	 	chapter 	machiavellian intelligence hypothesis	 	chapter 	hold off on proposing solutions	 	chapter 	noticing confusion	 	chapter 	empathy	 	chapter 	reductionism	 	chapter 	egocentric bias	 	chapter 	working in groups, pt 	 	chapter 	working in groups, pt 	 	chapter 	interlude: personal financial management	 	chapter 	coordination problems, pt 	 	chapter 	coordination problems, pt 	 	chapter 	coordination problems, pt 	 	chapter 	status differentials	 	chapter 	interlude: crossing the boundary	 	chapter 	the cardinal sin	 	chapter 	pretending to be wise, pt 	 	chapter 	pretending to be wise, pt 	 	chapter 	frontal override	 	chapter 	courage	 	chapter 	humanism, pt 	 	chapter 	humanism, pt 	 	chapter 	humanism, pt 	 	chapter 	humanism, pt 	 	chapter 	personhood theory	 	chapter 	utilitarian priorities	 	chapter 	prior information	 	chapter 	self centeredness	 	chapter 	title redacted, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, pt 	 	chapter 	tspe, constrained optimization, pt 	 	chapter 	tspe, constrained cognition, pt 	 	chapter 	tspe, constrained cognition, pt 	 	chapter 	tspe, curiosity, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, pt 	 	chapter 	tspe, secrecy and openness, pt 	 	chapter 	the stanford prison experiment, final	 	chapter 	tspe, aftermaths	 	chapter 	omake files , alternate parallels	 	chapter 	contagious lies	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization, pt 	 	chapter 	sa, plausible deniability, pt 	 	chapter 	sa, the sacred and the mundane, pt 	 	chapter 	sa, escalation of conflicts, pt 	 	chapter 	self actualization final, responsibility	 	chapter 	interlude with the confessor: sunk costs	 	chapter 	sa, aftermaths: surface appearances	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs prelude: cheating	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, pt 	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, pt , the horns effect	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, pt 	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, final	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, aftermath 	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, aftermath 	 	chapter 	taboo tradeoffs, aftermath , distance	 	chapter 	multiple hypothesis testing	 	chapter 	hedonic awareness	 	chapter 	time pressure, pt 	 	chapter 	time pressure, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, pt 	 	chapter 	roles, final	 	chapter 	roles, aftermath	 	chapter 	precautionary measures, pt 	 	chapter 	precautionary measures, pt 	 	chapter 	caring	 	chapter 	tests	 	chapter 	the truth, pt , riddles and answers	 	chapter 	the truth, pt 	 	chapter 	the truth, pt 	 	chapter 	the truth, pt 	 	chapter 	the truth, pt , answers and riddles	 	chapter 	reflections	 	chapter 	reflections, pt 	 	chapter 	failure, pt 	 	chapter 	failure, pt 	 	chapter 	final exam	 	chapter 	shut up and do the impossible	 	chapter 	shut up and do the impossible, pt 	 	chapter 	aftermath, something to protect, pt 	 	chapter 	something to protect: minerva mcgonagall	 	chapter 	something to protect: professor quirrell	 	chapter 	something to protect: albus dumbledore	 	chapter 	something to protect: draco malfoy	 	chapter 	something to protect: severus snape	 	chapter 	something to protect: hermione granger	 the physical object 	format 	paperback 	number of pages 	 id numbers 	open library 	 ol m 	internet archive 	 hpmor lists containing this book 	 have not read from annette k hocter 	 wizarding world from gamblerezra loading related books history 	created june , 	 revisions download catalog record: rdf / json / opds | wikipedia citation wikipedia citation ×close copy and paste this code into your wikipedia page. need help? {{citation |title = harry potter and the methods of rationality |publication-date = march th |ol = m |url = https://archive.org/details/hpmor |publisher = fanfiction.net |author = eliezer yudkowsky }} 	april , 	 edited by mek 	 added ociad 	august , 	 edited by 	 fixed toc formatting error 	august , 	 edited by 	 fixed toc formatting error 	august , 	 edited by 	 corrected errors in toc formatting 	june , 	 created by trent robbins 	 added new book. open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b day of mourning – uwin raaces 	skip to content 			 			 			uwin raaces 	 		 			researchers, academics, advocates of colour for equity in solidarity		 							 					 					 						menu						+ 						× 						expanded 						collapsed 					 						home 	blog 	about 	contact 				 			 			 		 	 	 	 		 			 	 		day of mourning 				 			posted byuwinraacesdecember , december , posted inuncategorizedtags:#anti-black racism, activism, equity		 			 	 	 		 recognition of a day of mourning a call to action against the historic and ongoing violence endured by black students and faculty monday, december , will be recognized as a day of mourning by those united against anti-black racism at the university of windsor. we must act now to support the well-being of black students and faculty. there has been ongoing, grotesque violence, threats of violence, and enduring trauma that black students and black faculty have had to face as conditions of work and study while on campus at the university of windsor. the idea that black students and black faculty should be expected to cope with the grief and trauma of losing their university community without any accommodation beyond tepid institutional statements of regret is simply untenable. uwindsor raaces asks faculty members who are in solidarity in the fight against anti-black racism to stand with us by promoting the following: 	black students should have the same accommodations for grief and trauma as is customarily given to students mourning the loss of family members – including assignment extensions and exam cancellations. they should be informed of this proactively via class blackboard sites and email. accommodations should be extended back to the beginning of the fall semester. 	faculty members supporting this action should take a stand with no emails, on the day of mourning – december . again, this information should be spread widely via blackboard and with an email auto-response message. 	days of mourning must continue on the first monday each month until the university has addressed the demands made by black students and faculty. 	black student activism must be actively amplified. faculty must distribute information about anti-racist panels, teach-ins, and talks, and encourage students to attend while attending themselves. support initiatives to reclaim spaces for collective resistance, gain secure spaces for organizing, and fund radical collective care measures on campus. unfortunately, the messages that you stand in solidarity with black faculty and students have been insufficient to effect real and meaningful change. saying “black lives matter” has also proven insufficient. we call on you to risk something and to inconvenience yourself to act for positive change. the violence black students and faculty are rendered unsafe: • the recent threats made with seeming impunity by members of the university of windsor delta chi fraternity mean that black students and black faculty are not safe. • the zoombombing of student meetings with racist epithets including assurances that the hacker knew where students and their family members could be found and hurt means that we are not safe. • the violent threats and racist and sexist slurs employed in the hate emails received by individual students and students groups known for their activism in the faculty of law, on november and december specifically, mean that we are not safe. • the stalking and doxxing of black faculty among us by storm front mean we are not safe. • the use of the n-word in the university of windsor classrooms, with its putative employment of the idea that black people are inherently inferior, deserving of discrimination and abuse, or are unaffected by hearing this word uttered in public spaces means that we are not safe. • the cavalier use of the n-word and other anti-black derogatory comments by law students in their first year orientation means that we are not safe. • the institutional targeting of black student activists means that we are not safe. • the ways in which the happenings at the university of windsor are being internationally reported, making our community a well-known bastion of racist hatred and collective apathy, means that we are not safe. • the routine ways in which even the most basic dignity is denied to black faculty and students means that we are not safe. it is the collective apathy that is most stunning. simply, the willingness of the white majority to shake their heads, mutter something about this being terrible, distance themselves from it, and then look away is what allows this to continue. the institutional response the university was able to act very quickly, as it should have, when faced with the emergency of covid . options were urgently vetted, and decisions thoughtfully made and acted upon. yet the emergency of anti-black racism has been a pandemic for a much longer period and there appears to be little real systemic action in sight. the president has begun to take action by establishing a black scholars’ hiring initiative by , and establishing an anti-black-racism initiatives fund; as of tuesday december , he took steps to ensure that the problematic office of student experience is restructured to become safe and equitable for black students. there is further urgent work that needs to be done in light of the virulent anti-black racism erupting on campus; earlier this year the president picked “his” anti-racism working group, task force, and lawyers to deal with anti-black racism. they have now begun a lengthy process of deliberation and investigation that has no clear accountability. the president’s timeline and deliverables, which he will announce once he decides on them in fall , a full year from now, take us to where we were in april , twelve years ago per the sacdi workplan. at this point, with luck, a year from now we will have watched black people do the work again, for a white man to decide what, if anything, should actually happen. it is important to note here that the plan makes note of racist incidents and apologies stretching back to - before many of the students currently being terrorized were born. we can do better than a “piecemeal,” “one-off” approach to the violence (sacdi workplan , p. ). we have to demand better. not just black faculty or racialized faculty – but all faculty who stand against anti-black racism. we call for a day of mourning for our university, community, and well-being, as we demand a better university of windsor. we start with the demands of raaces and other community stakeholders, including the hour a day study club, the black council of windsor essex, parents of black children, and black law students association of windsor. we call for solidarity in this action as a way to propel our community into a more equitable future. example email message and blackboard announcement i will not respond to email or other messages today, monday, december , as i participate in the day of mourning over anti-black racism at the university of windsor. i stand in solidarity with black students and faculty who are being victimized by the institutional racism at our university. in situations of injustice, to be neutral is to side with the oppressor. in showing my solidarity, i send this message as my last communication with you until tomorrow. i will also be learning more about what black faculty and students seek to achieve from this action, and i recommend you do as well. this information is available here: blog – uwin raaces (wordpress.com). in addition, i am encouraging my black students to let me know they are in mourning, and i will extend to them the same accommodations to which all of my students in bereavement are entitled. beginning in january, , days of mourning will occur on the first monday of every month. days of mourning will continue until institutional equity is the structure in which all my students and colleagues learn and work — equally. in solidarity, raaces cc: robert gordon, president, university of windsor university of windsor board of governors hour a day study club black council of windsor essex c/o leslie mccurdy parents of black children blsa windsor cbc c/o sanjay maru windsor star c/o mary caton wufa share this: 	twitter 	facebook 	 like this: like loading... 	related 	 	 		posted byuwinraacesdecember , december , posted inuncategorizedtags:#anti-black racism, activism, equity	 			 	 		 			published by uwinraaces		 	 	 		uwinraaces' site administrator is richard douglass-chin. he is an associate professor of american literature, postcolonial studies, and women's and gender studies at the university of windsor.		 			view more posts		 	 	 	 		post navigation 		previous post previous post: raaces statement on racist frat exposure at uwindsor next post next post: jordan afolabi: what uwindsor isn’t saying about letting go ryan flannagan, vp student experience 	 			 			one thought on “day of mourning”		 		 			 			 				pingback: weeknote dec – – the city is here for you to use 			 		 			 		leave a reply cancel reply 	enter your comment here... 	 	 		fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: 			 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 			 			 	 				 									 			 	 				 									 			 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 					email (required) (address never made public) 					 				 				 					name (required) 					 				 				 					website 					 				 			 			 		 	 	 		 			 				 			 				 				 				 				 						 			 			you are 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( log out /  				change ) 			 			 		 					 	 		 	 	 		cancel 		connecting to %s 	 	 notify me of new comments via email. notify me of new posts via email. 	 	 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 		recent posts 			 					why we need days of mourning at uwindsor 											december , 									 	 					the incredible whiteness of university administrations 											december , 									 	 					jordan afolabi: what uwindsor isn’t saying about letting go ryan flannagan, vp student experience 											december , 									 	 					day of mourning 											december , 									 	 					raaces statement on racist frat exposure at uwindsor 											november , 									 			 		 										uwin raaces, 						blog at wordpress.com.					 	 	 		 	 	 	 				 	 			 		%d bloggers like this: the daily grind led to a four-day week and a new approach to work-life balance - abc news skip to main contentabc news homepagesearchmore from abcmore from abc close menuabc 	abc home 	news 	radio 	iview 	life 	more editorial policies read our editorial guiding principles 	accessibility 	help 	contact us 	about the abc 	privacy policy 	terms of use 	© abc 	 	 	 	 	just in 	coronavirus 	watch live 	politics 	world 	business 	analysis 	sport 	science 	health 	arts 	fact check 	other news home the daily grind led to a four-day week and a new approach to work-life balance by caroline zielinski posted monmonday sepseptember at : pmmonmonday sepseptember at : pm urban planner bryn davies is a proponent of taking a 'romance day'.(supplied: bryn davies) share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp print contentprint with images and other media print text only printcancel it was a magical year in berlin that made urban planner bryn davies realise there was more to life than the daily grind. after finishing a master's degree in the united states in , the -year-old decided to trade in the nine-to-five for an "incredibly romantic" sojourn in the german capital. "for that year, i spent time with friends in the park, i went to clubs and i lived a life that was tactile, present and in the moment," he says. "it's also when i got into furniture making and realised just how much i needed some romance in my life." after returning to melbourne to take up a position as a ministerial advisor in the planning field, mr davies found himself in a rut. bryn davies spends his extra day off working on passion projects, like building furniture.(supplied: bryn davies)his new job was "stressful and anxiety-inducing from the beginning", and for long months, he "wasn't in the greatest headspace". "after berlin, melbourne seemed like it sucked — it was all work and no fun," he says. "but then i realised i wasn't being fair to melbourne, because the way i was living my life was totally different. "in berlin, i made time for romance, and in melbourne my life was entirely functional and productivity-driven." 'we've doubled our revenue' so, mr davies decided to do what others only dream of: he asked his employer if he could work four days a week. the fifth day would become what he calls a "romance day" — a conscious day dedicated only to passion projects (in his case, building furniture from recycled wood and even restoring an old sailboat and turning it into a pub), as opposed to home chores or admin. aussie firm's 'no-work wednesday' concept goes global an australian digital advertising agency's shift to a four-day week has boosted revenue, profits and staff satisfaction — and its experiment is drawing the attention of big firms and politicians overseas. read more while it is an arrangement that may not be suited to every workplace, there are benefits that come from allowing employees time to fulfil their creative passions. studies have shown that people who are involved in passion projects are less stressed, have more energy on the job and are better equipped to switch off when they stop working. it's something kath blackham discovered first-hand, after introducing a four-day working week in her digital creative agency, versa. by working -hour days, four days a week, employees can take a mid-week break — and according to ms blackham, it's bolstered productivity and profitability. "ever since we gave our staff wednesdays off, we've doubled our revenue, tripled our profits, slashed the amount of sick days taken and really improved every metric we measured," she says. versa chief executive kath blackham introduced a four-day working week in her organisation.(abc news: daniel ziffer)it's not quite as simple as it seems while initially intended to be a short-term experiment to help prevent mental health issues in the workplace, the initiative has proven so successful that ms blackham can't imagine her business ever doing away with it. "if you think about it, many people take mental health days anyway, so we've just replaced that with a company-mandated one," ms blackham says. more productive in a four-day week? a new zealand company trialled a four-day working week and found staff did as much in hours as they used to do in . . read more "that said, not everyone needs or wants to take the full day off, so we've also organised 'crafternoons' and an 'entrepreneur club' on wednesdays in the office for those who want work on their passion project with others." and it seems to be working. the initiative has helped produce the likes of the social enterprise code like a girl, whose founder ally watson is a former versa (then called deepend) employee. however, as monash university's professor herman tse points out, giving people an extra day off isn't quite as simple as it seems. "we need to think more carefully about what having a four-day work week means: do we squeeze hours into four days, or reduce the number of hours worked overall?" he asks. "most companies still focus on contractual hours to calculate superannuation, long service leave, annual leave etc — our whole system depends on this structure." staff at versa can take wednesdays off, while those who want to attend work can join the company's entrepreneur club.(abc news: daniel ziffer)it may not be for everyone ms blackham admits that it would be unsustainable for her business to allow employees to move to a four-day roster if they only worked eight hours a day. she says meaningful structural change needs to be led by governments. "the last time we actually made a serious change to the working week was done by henry ford years ago," she says. "since then, we've had an it revolution, but we're still wedded to the same way of working. i'm sure if the government said 'it's a four-day week' from now on, people and companies would adjust." any disruption to the standard five-day workweek, however, must be predicated on a climate of trust and transparency between employers and employees, says professor isabel metz from the melbourne business school. the move to a four-day working week must be predicated on a climate of trust and transparency between employers and employees.(supplied: pexels)"managers need to be comfortable that these hours are being used for that particular purpose (of passion) and not to do chores, or to work on your own little start-up [or] business when not explicitly stated," she says. professor metz adds that an entire day off may not be necessary for everyone — particularly those who don't want to work longer hours on a daily basis. "having a break during the day for two hours to go for a walk may be enough for them," she says. "people also work differently: some may feel more creative at night, others in the morning, and some may prefer shorter days." 'giving some leeway can go a long way' for mr davies, having a "romance day" has proven both personally and professionally rewarding. "there is a direct link between what i do as an urban planner, such as transforming an heritage site into something new, and the process of taking old bits of wood, covered in paint and cement, and making them beautiful again," he says. he has also managed to fulfil his dream of transforming an old sailboat into a roving, pop-up bar called ear/or, something he would have struggled to do without his employer's support. bryn davies has fulfilled his dream of transforming an old sailboat into a bar.(supplied: bryn davies)"if you're an employer and want talented people, you have to be able to trust them, otherwise they will go somewhere else they can be trusted," mr davies says. "normally, talented people want to do good work — you don't have to chain them to a desk to do it — so giving some leeway can go a long way." caroline zielinski is a freelance journalist based in melbourne. she writes on health, science, social affairs and issues related to women. posted sepseptember monmonday sepseptember at : pm share	facebook 	twitter 	article share options share this on 	facebook 	twitter 	linkedin send this by 	email 	messenger 	copy link 	whatsapp related stories we're too scared to say no to work, and it's taking a big toll this aussie business shuts its doors every wednesday. its profit and productivity have soared 'hump day' killed off, app maker's staff repay the boss with higher productivity happy monday! a four-day work week probably sounds good right now but there's a catch more on: 	australia 	vic 	melbourne 	work 	community and society 	careers 	mental health if you need someone to talk to, call: 	lifeline on 	kids helpline on 	mensline australia on 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insurance industry says it can't afford to lose 'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians 'we should be absolutely alarmed': china prepares to move into the torres strait medicare perpetuates inefficiency and needs to adapt and evolve, review finds 'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan stuart taylor did all the right things in the sun, but he's unlikely to make it to christmas ardern responds to thunberg after the activist scoffs at new zealand's climate policy deep-sea treasure hunter marks five years in prison for failing to reveal location of missing gold coins just in 	'twitter killer' sentenced to death for dismembering nine people in japan posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	medicare perpetuates inefficiency and needs to adapt and evolve, review finds posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	thousands of in-home care packages on the way for older australians posted hhour agotuetuesday decdecember at : pm 	'the time has come to do justice': accused child abuser malka leifer loses appeal against extradition from israel to australia posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am 	year s fight the odds in to achieve sace results on par with previous year posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am 	australian workers cop 'unfair' abuse as social media users take up arms in wine trade war posted hhours agotuetuesday decdecember at : am more just in back to top footer abc news homepage more from abc news sections 	abc news 	just in 	coronavirus 	watch live 	politics 	world 	business 	analysis 	sport 	science 	health 	arts 	fact check 	other news in language 	中文 	berita bahasa indonesia 	tok pisin connect with abc news 	facebook 	messenger 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	apple news more from abc news 	contact abc news this service may include material from 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				 					select page 					 				 			 				 			 			 				 					 										 					 				 			 		 			 	 			 		 			 		 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				listen live 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 			 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 				gettin’ air 			 				 				 				the open pedagogy podcast 			 				 				 				join terry greene as he and his guests get some air time to discuss technology-enabled and open learning practices in post-secondary education. 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 				website 			 			 				 				 				 				rss feed 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 					follow 	follow 			 				 				 				 				 				 				share: 			 			 				 				 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 				broadcast every 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 				 				 				fridays | am et 			 				 				 				friday 			 				 				 				 am et 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 				all episodes 			 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										tim owens 																								 gettin’ air with tim owens (@timmmmyboy). tim is co-founder of reclaim hosting with jim groom, which provides independent web hosting to educators and institutions. they also have an eclectic host of other reclamation projects on the go including… https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /tim_gettin_air.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. valerie irvine 																								 gettin’ air with dr. valerie irvine, director of the technology, integration and innovation research lab (tie lab) at the university of victoria, and president of the open/technology in education, society, & scholarship (otessa). valerie joins the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /valerie.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sundi richard and daniel lynds (part two) 																								 sundi and daniel return to report on their experience as the davidson college digital learning team navigated the “pivot”. and to share the newest tune from their band glass pocket!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_glass_pocket.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										benjamin doxtdator 																								 benjamin doxtdater (@doxtdatorb)teaches middle school english language arts at the international school of brussels. he writes and podcasts at longviewoneducation.org. we chat about the ins and outs of taking that long view on education (and parenting!)https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /benjamin_doxtdator.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										hannah mcgregor 																								 hannah mcgregor (@hkpmcgregor) is assistant professor of publishing at simon fraser university. hear how the witch, please and secret feminist agenda podcasts lead hannah to create the amplify podcast network for scholarly podcasting.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /hannah_mcgregor.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										erin rose glass 																								 erin rose glass (@erinroseglass) is a digital researcher and educator focused on open source software, digital infrastructure, ed tech and ethics, and online community. erin and terry chat about her work on the ethical ed-tech wiki, the student…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /erin_rose_glass.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										bryan mathers 																								 bryan mathers (@bryanmmathers). if you’ve ever had the chance to look at the stickers tattooed on an educational technologist’s laptop, chances are you’ve come across some of bryan’s @visualthinkery. in this episode, we chat about how words going into…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /bryan_mathers.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										karen costa 																								 karen costa (@karenraycosta) is a faculty development facilitator specializing in online pedagogy and trauma awareness in higher ed. we chat about some of the things she has learned in working with and supporting thousands of faculty from around the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /karen_costa.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										remi kalir 																								 in the season premier episode, remi kalir (@remikalir) and terry chat about the rich history and expansive potential of social annotation in higher ed, which includes his forthcoming book on the subject, annotation, written in partnership with…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /remi_kalir.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										catherine cronin 																								 dr. catherine cronin is a critical open educator and researcher with ireland’s national forum for teaching and learning in higher ed and, as sue beckingham rightly puts it, catherine is just ‘the biz’. tune in to find out what it’s like to star in a…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /catherine_cronin.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										martha burtis 																								 martha burtis (@mburtis) is learning‌ ‌and‌ ‌teaching‌ ‌developer‌ ‌in‌ ‌the‌ ‌open‌ ‌co‌ ‌lab‌ ‌at‌ ‌plymouth‌ ‌state.‌ she has been central to the development of absolutely legendary digital learning projects like ds and domain of one’s own. we…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /martha_burtis_mburtis.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										rissa sorensen-unruh 																								 rissa sorensen-unruh (@rissachem) is a chemistry and stats prof who is also a leader in critical digital pedagogy. we chat about how she deploys critical digital pedagogy in stem through methods like ungrading and like, you know, trusting students.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /rissachem.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										bonnie stewart 																								 bonnie stewart (@bonstewart) is assistant professor, online pedagogy & workplace learning (which is currently kind of the same thing), at the university of windsor. we discuss bonnie’s approach to helping those move their teaching and learning online…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /bonnies_stewart.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										amy collier 																								 amy collier (@amcollier) is associate provost for digital learning at middlebury college. last year at the domains conference, amy delivered a beautiful keynote presentation that aligned lessons of the tropicálista movement of s brazil to…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /amy_collier.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. erika smith 																								 erika smith is an assistant professor and educational developer at mount royal university. among other things, we chat about how she leverages nerd culture to engage in the public sphere, and the importance of human connections in open and…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /erikaga.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										brenna clarke gray 																								 brenna clarke gray (@brennacgray )is coordinator of educational technologies at thompson rivers university, brenna began work in the ed-tech space a short seven or eight months ago. she is already killing it as a staunch advocate for thoughtful,…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /brenna.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jason toal aka dr. jones 																								 born out of the legendary #ds radio, jason toal aka dr. jones was a part of one of the greatest moments in ed-tech history: the djing of audrey watters’ @etug keynote: the monsters of educational technology. have a listen to learn more about the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /dr_jones_mix.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										mia zamora, daniel villar-onrubia, and jonathan shaw 																								 mia zamora, daniel villar-onrubia, and jonathan shaw are the three co-chairs of the #oer conference reflect on their experience as the conference switched to an online experience at the last minute. highlights from the conference, which was themed…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /mia_jonathan_and_david.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										flower darby 																								 flower darby is author of small teaching online with james m. lang. we chat about the prolific amount of work she is putting out during the covid pandemic to help those trying to move their courses online in a hurry.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /flowerdarby_final_mix.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jonathan lashley and angela gunder 																								 joining terry today are jonathan lashley @lashleyed and angela gunder @angelagunder. in the first episode since the world went in to isolation, angela, jonathon and terry discuss how things have changed for them, especially in the context of the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jonathan_lashley.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										ewan mcandrew 																								 ewan mcandrew (@emcandre). wikimedian in residence @edinburghuni. we chat about wikipedia, witchcraft, libby the llama and ewan’s tumultuous yet productive relationship with “best fiend”, anne-marie scott (among other things).https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /ewan_mcandrew.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										cable green and david wiley 																								 cable green (@cgreen) is interim ceo and director of open education at creative commons. david wiley (@opencontent) is chief academic officer at lumen learning and the creator of the rs of open education. already two of the greatest sharers ever,…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /david_and_cable.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										clark shah-nelson 																								 clark shah-nelson’s twitter bio claims he is a “senior leader for online education” and we believe that means the leader for the entire world. this episode was recorded and broadcast live on february rd, in order to celebrate and talk about…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /clark_shah_nelson.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jesse stommel 																								 in the th episode of gettin’ air, we chat with jesse stommel (@jessifer). one half of the driving force behind the digital pedagogy lab. all questions for jesse were sourced from the people of #digped. the result is deep and direct questions from…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jessetommel.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										valerie irvine and colin madland 																								 valerie irvine (@_valeriei) and colin madland (@colinmadland): the open/technology in education, society, and scholarship association (@otessa_org) is being simultaneously formed as an association while organizing its inaugural conference as part of…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /otessa.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										david wiley 																								 david wiley (@opencontent) is an absolute must have for a podcast about open education! he is chief academic officer at lumen learning, the creator of the rs of open (the permissions) and the open education conference’s dad. in this chat we…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /david_wiley.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										the extreme quilt update 																								 terry greene is live on voiced radio monday morning at am. he welcomes guests anne-marie scott and frances bell for an update on their extreme quilting project!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_extreme_quilt.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										pedagodzilla 																								 gettin’ air with @pedagodzilla! the dynamic duo of mike collins and mark childs get together in a recording studio to smash a pedagogic theory together with a pop culture universe in order to make sense of it all and turn it into the pedagodzilla…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /pedagodzilla.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										anne-marie scott 																								 anne-marie scott (@ammienoot) chats about her impending transition from the wet cold of edinburgh to the dry cold(er) of edmonton as she transitions to the role of deputy provost at athabasca university. anne-marie leaves the university of edinburgh…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /anne_marie.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										the real darcy norman 																								 the real d’arcy norman (@realdnorman) is the manager of learning technology at the university of calgary’s taylor institute. topics covered include nuking yourself on social media, norman’s law of elearning tool convergence, and what to do when you run…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /the_real_darcy_norman.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										tim klapdor 																								 tim klapdor (@timklapdor) is manager of online learning design & content at the university of adelaide. we chat about tim’s long history of working to bring heart and soul to the machine that is educational technology.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /tim_klapdor.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										heather ross 																								 heather ross (@mctoonish) is an educational developer in digital pedagogies at the university of saskatchewan and oer research fellow with the open education group. we talk about the tenacious work heather has put into the creation and adoption of…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /heather.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										kate molloy 																								 kate molloy (@hey_km) is learning technologist @celtnuigalway. she describes her work on the enhancing digital teaching & learning project for the irish universities association, being a @digpedlab fellow and getting connected with the virtually…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /katemolloyga.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										laura gibbs 																								 laura gibbs (@onlinecrslady). has been happily teaching online at the university of oklahoma since . laura chats about her long history of teaching online and how to do it with, without, under, over, around and beyond the lms.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /lauragibbs.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										george station 																								 george station (@harmonygritz) is a lecturer and research associate at california state – monterey bay. george has been described as a “chasm straddler” through his worked to nourish the development of professional learning networks and communities…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /george.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sue beckingham 																								 sue beckingham (@suebecks) is educational developer and senior lecturer in computing at sheffield hallam university. sue chats about her recent keynote at the @a_l_t annual conference, how she partners with her students to harness social media for…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /sue.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sadik shahadu 																								 sadik shahadu (@sadike ).works to build open educational practices (#oer) in ghana. he is a co-founder of global open initiative, a creative commons enthusiast and a mozilla open leader. we chat about all those things and more!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /sadik.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										donna lanclos 																								 a cuss-free discussion in advance of donna lanclos (@donnalanclos) keynote address @ecampusontario’s technology + education seminar + showcase #tess , entitled “the anthropologist in the machine”.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /donnalanclos.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										antonio vantaggiato 																								 antonio vantaggiato (@avunque) is from universidad del sagrado corazón in puerto rico! terry and antonio chat about how he delivers his long running open and connected courses, the great student work that comes out of them and his ongoing podcast with…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /antonio.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										tom woodward 																								 tom woodward (@twoodwar) is associate director of innovation in the @vcualtlab. we chat about the awesome things that can happen when great educational technologists like tom get to work with great educators. a few of those things are anth .com,…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /tom_w.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jenna azar and tim clark 																								 jenna azar (@jennaazar) and tim clark (@floatingtim) are instructional design consultants at @muhlenberg college. we chat about the work they do in digital learning, with a particular focus on the student digital learning assistants that are employed…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jenna_and_tim.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										keegan long-wheeler 																								 keegan long-wheeler @keeganslw, educational technologist @ou_diglearn. keegan shares his love for games in education, his innovative work with the olc innovate conferences, and what life and work is like as he recovers from brain surgery.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /keegan_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										@hypervisible 																								 gettin’ air with @hypervisible professor of english at macomb community college. self described as the “the beavis of twitter”, we chat about how he works to raise awareness of the absurd and abusive tech practices of various platforms and companies…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /chris.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										tanya spilovoy 																								 tanya spilovoy (@tanyaspilovoy) is director of open policy at @wcet_info and the co-creator/lead instructor for the @sparc_na open education leadership program. we chat about using open education, technology and online learning to provide equitable…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /tanya .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sava saheli singh 																								 (@savasavasava) sava (@savasavasava) is a postdoctoral fellow at the university of ottawa. we chat about sava’s work critically examining the effects of technology on society, taking a particular focus on screening surveillance — a short film…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /sava_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										vahid masrour 																								 vahid masrour (@vahidm) is an open education advocate and wikepedian. we discuss how to myth-bust the outdated negative narrative of using wikipedia in education and just how educators can harness the powers of open education by contributing to…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /vahid.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. lee skallerup bessette 																								 gettin’ air with dr. lee skallerup bessette (readywriting), learning design specialist at georgetown university. lee tells us about her impressions after a year in @cndls at georgetown, where she works on moocs, online & hybrid learning, and their…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /lee_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										stephen downes 																								 gettin’ air with stephen downes (@downes) from the digital technologies research centre at the national research council of canada specializing in new instructional media and personal learning technology. stephen describes just how he has kept pushing…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /stephen_downes.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jim groom 																								 gettin’ air season premiere with jim groom @jimgroom! jim has been central a central figure in hugely influential educational technology movements/ideas/things like #ds , #edupunk, and domain of one’s own (#dooo). and now he is co-founder of a…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jimgroom.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										maren deepwell 																								 the season finale! gettin’ air with maren deepwell (@marendeepwell). the chief executive of the association for learning technology in the uk (@a_l_t). maren tells us about her recent keynote at the th anniversary @etug conference (her first trip…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /marendeepwell_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										mia zamora 																								 mia zamora (@miazamoraphd) is associate professor of english and director of the ma in writing studies at kean university in new jersey (@kuwsp). she studies the dual layer of electronic literature, words born in an electronic environment, among other…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /mia_zamora.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sundi richard and daniel lynds 																								 sundi richard (@sundilu) and daniel lynds (@daniellynds) who make up a large proportion of the @davidsoncollege digital learning team. the conversation mostly focuses in and around the now year old domain of one’s own project at davidson college. we…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /sundi_richard.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jim luke 																								 jim luke (@econproph) is an economics professor at lansing community college and pioneer of their open learn lab. jim is running errands for ideas at the intersections of economics, org theory, higher ed, and open pedagogy. his economist’s take on…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jimluke.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										rebecca hogue 																								 rebecca hogue (@rjhogue). rebecca teaches instructional design in the online master’s of instructional design program at the university of massachusetts-boston. in other words, she teaches how to teach online…online. rebecca describes some of the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /rebecca.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										autumm caines 																								 autumm caines (@autumm) is critical instructional designer at university of michigan- dearborn. autumm’s approach to using technology in learning is to take a critical, questioning look at the tools we use and how they may be using us. her work…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /autumm_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. jessica l. knott 																								 dr. jessica l. knott (@jlknott) is head of lx research and professional development @msuhub. jess’s focus on learning experience design works to centre the human in the learning experience in order to make them the epic hero of their own stories. she…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jessknottgettinair.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										james glapagrossklag 																								 james glapagrossklag (aka james gg) @jglapagrossklag is dean, educational technology, learning resources and distance learning at the college of the canyons in california. james has long been one of the open education movement’s most tireless…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /jamesgg.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										audrey watters 																								 audrey watters (@audreywatters) is an ed-tech folk hero who writes at hack education @hackeducation where, for the past nine years, she has taken the lead in keeping the field on its toes in regards to educational technology’s “progress”. her long…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /audreywatters.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										ken bauer 																								 it’s a crossover episode! ken bauer is the host of the ask the flipped learning network podcast (@askthefln) and an associate professor of #compsci @tecdemonterrey in guadalajara. we chat about our respective podcasts, virtually connecting, open…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /kenbauer.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sherri spelic – the edified listener 																								 sherri spelic is revered for her avid and voracious writing on the edified listener blog (edifiedlistener.blog ) and she is the editor of identity, education and power (medium.com/identity-educa… …) also, coming up this summer, sherri will be leading…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /sherrispelicgettinair.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										matt crosslin 																								 matt crosslin (@grandeped) is the learning innovation coordinator for the learning innovation and networked knowledge (link) research lab at the university of texas at arlington. have a listen to get some insight into intriguing things like the dual…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /matt_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										tom evans 																								 tom evans (@taevans) is the manager of open learning at the ohio state university. tom discusses what it takes to design moocs remembering that there are real, live humans taking the course, the power of the gif, and what music young grandfathers are…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /tomgettin_air.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										gardner campbell 																								 gardner is associate professor of english at virginia commonwealth university. we chat about some of the deliciously innovative pedagogical adventures he has driven out into the open education landscape including the great vcu bike race book, the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gardnercampbell_gettinair.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										natalie lafferty and pat lockley 																								 this episode, @pressedconf team of natalie lafferty (@nlafferty) and pat lockley (@pgogy). the second pressedconf (#pressedconf ) wrapped up last month. it’s a conference fully delivered on twitter with speakers and keynotes from across the world…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettinairwithnatandpat.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										krista mccracken 																								 krista mccracken @kristamccracken (they/them) is a public historian and archivist. they work in the shingwauk residential schools centre at algoma university and as an editor at http://activehistory.ca . they are also a newly minted @ecampusontario…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /krista_take_two_recordingdone.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										rolin moe 																								 rolin is seattle pacific university’s director of academic innovation. he describes his work as “connective tissue” as he turns pedagogical research into best practices in action. have a listen and check out his page at rolin.moe to see just how…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_rolin_moe.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										bonni stachowiak 																								 bonni is host of the teaching in higher ed podcast (teachinginhighered.com). to help bonni celebrate the episode and million download milestones her podcast recently passed, terry surprised bonni by collecting all the questions from bonni’s former…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /bonni.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										christian freidrich 																								 christian is the education and science advisor to wikimedia deutschland and he is one half of the world’s best german speaking open education podcast called “feierabendbier”. terry and christian chat about some of the differences in higher ed between…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_christian_freidrich.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dave cormier 																								 dave cormier (@davecormie) has been doing amazing “educationy thingies” for years. terry and dave discuss what it’s like to have coined a term that is in the oxford english dictionary (mooc) and how he feels about that. tehy also chat about his…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_dave_cormier.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										karen cangialosi 																								 karen cangialosi (@karencang) is a biology prof and faculty developer who also happens to be one of the best open educators out there. terry and karen chat about how she uses open pedagogy to enable student ownership and agency in their studies. they…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_karen_cangialosi.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										ebru ustundag 																								 ebru ustundag (@nomadic_ebru) associate professor @brockugeogtour and @brocksjes whose interests lie in #feministgeographies and many other areas. terry and ebru chat about her studies and how she manages to teach and learn this stuff with a broad…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_ebru_ustundag.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										steel wagstaff 																								 steel wagstaff @steelwagstaff. the educational client manager for @pressbooks, from madison, wi. in this epsisode, terry and steel chat about his history of working in the open and where he thinks things can go from here. also revealed is his holy…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_steel_wagstaff.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jess mitchell 																								 noted contrarian jess mitchell (@jesshmitchell). senior manager, research + design at the inclusive design research centre at ocadu. next week jess will offer up the closing keynote for the digital pedagogy lab toronto (@digpedlab). terry and jess…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_jess_mitchell.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										amanda coolidge 																								 amanda coolidge is the senior manager of open education at bccampus. she leads the bc open textbook project as well as the open education initiatives. terry and amanda chat about all of the wonderful initiatives coming out of bb campus, her upcoming…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_amanda_coolidge.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. ryan straight 																								 dr. ryan straight(@ryanstraight)co-directs the ed-tech program as well as teaches informatics and cyber operations at the university of arizona. he is also a pillar of the squad goals network (@sqdglsntwrk) and has impeccable taste in thrift store…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_dr_ryan_straight.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. tannis morgan 																								 dr. tannis morgan (@tanbob) is currently on secondment as a researcher in open educational practices @bccampus, from her role as director @teltjibc. terry and tannis chat about the research she is working on in open educational practices and maybe…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_s e .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										chad flinn 																								 chad flinn (@chadhflinn). at the forefront of open education for the trades in canada and… maybe the world! terry and chad have a chat about how open educational resources and practices can be built in to trades education as its demographics shift…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_gettin_air_with_terry_greene_chad_flinn_chadhflinn.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										alexis clifton 																								 this week terry chats with alexis clifton, a.k.a. open alexis! alexis is the director of open teaching and learning for the scrappy little organization of suny oer services! they chat about all of the wonderful initiatives suny is up to, including…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_alexis_clifton.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										mitch huguenin 																								 mitch is the indigenous pedagogy designer at trent university. we chat about how one might go about indigenizing teaching and learning practices through patience, transparency, and respect. mitch covers some initial strategies to consider for those…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_mitch_huguenin.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										maha bali 																								 in this episode terry green goes way, way outside of ontario to hear from maha bali at the american university in cairo. maha shares insights into the origins of virtually connecting and where it is headed next. maha also reflects on the beautiful…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_maha_bali.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										chuck pearson 																								 this week terry chats with dr. chuck pearson (@shorterpearson) form tusculum university in greenville, tennessee. a listen to chuck’s take on teaching science to under-resourced students is basically a pedagogical booster shot for anyone interested.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_chuck_pearson.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. ryan martin 																								 this week’s guest is dr. ryan martin from the department of physics, engineering physics & astronomy at queen’s university. terry and ryan chat about how he and some of his students went about creating a full-blown, home-grown, open souorce…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /ryan_martin_recording.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										regina gong 																								 regina gong (@drgong) is the open educational resources (oer) project manager & head of technical services & systems at lansing cc in michigan. in this episode, terry and regina chat about a few of the steps an institution can take towards #oer…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /regina_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										nate angell 																								 in this episode, nate angell (@xolotl) from @hypothes_is describes how he came to be among the ed-tech heroes at hypothes.is and just how in the heck they managed to make web annotating cool. terry and nate also chat about exciting new developments…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /nate_angell_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										billy meinke 																								 without question, billy meinke is open education subject zero in the state of hawai’i. we chat about his process in developing open educational resources, localized for the students of the university of hawai’i and his recent visit to ontario for the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /billy_meinke_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										catherine anderson 																								 terry greene speaks with catherine anderson (@candershamilton), teaching professor in the department of linguistics and languages at mcmaster university. they talk about what catherine did to earn herself a spontaneous round of applause from her…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /catherine_anderson.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										martin weller 																								 martin weller (@mweller) open university, professor in @ietatou, director of @oer_hub, president of @a_l_t. martin’s long running blog, the ed techie (blog.edtechie.net) is approaching its th post, so in this episode, we quiz him on his own blogging.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /martinweller .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										clint lalonde 																								 in this episode, terry connects with clint lalonde (@edtechfactotum). known as the wayne gretzky of ed-tech, clint is the manager of educational technologies @bccampus, professor in the @rruedustudies, and community steward of @etug. they chat about…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /s e _clint_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										brian lamb 																								 brian lamb is the re-director of innovation at thompson rivers university. if you’ve ever wanted to learn the history of ed-tech in canada while at the same time learning more about great tacos and ceviche, this is the interview for you.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /brianlamb_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										robin derosa 																								 among other things, robin (@actualham) chats about the challenge in preparing and delivering keynotes while continuously being inspired by other open keynoters as she gets ready to deliver one at ecampusontario’s technology enabled seminar and showcase.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /s e _robinderosa.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jennifer jahnke 																								 this week’s guest is jennifer jahnke, faculty coordinator of accessible media production at mohawk college. jennifer and terry chat about the accessible media production programs first year and the exciting work in store for next year’s students….https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_ _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										darla benton-kearney & jodie black 																								 terry connects with darla benton-kearney @dbentonkearney and jodie black @blackjodie . jodie and darla are both experts in universal design for learning and both work at an ontario college. we chat about udl and how instructors can use these…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_darla_benton_kearney_jodie_black.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										todd conaway 																								 terry greene chats with todd conaway (@todd_conaway) from the university of washington, the grandfather of the x x reflective writing challenge that over ontario educators are gearing up to begin in the ontario extend blogoshphere!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_todd_conway.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										john stewart 																								 in this episode terry greene chats with @johnstewartphd, assistant director for the office of digital learning at the university of oklahoma. the main topic of discussion is the wonderfully successful domain of one’s own project, ou create, which has…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampus_ontario_john_stewart.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										the ecampusontario program manager team 																								 terry greene invites the rest of the ecampusontario program manager team to recap what’s been going on in open and technology-enabled learning over the summer and where the team is heading next. @jennihayman @livingkatstone and @joanne_kehoe.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_season_ _episode_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										the ecampusontario team: looking back and moving forward 																								 terry greene invites the rest of the ecampusontario program manager team to recap what’s been going on in open and technology-enabled learning over the summer and where the team is heading next. @jennihayman @livingkatstone and @joanne_kehoe. drivehttps://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_season_ _episode_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										gettin’ air with terry green and ecampusontario – david porter 																								 terry greene chats with david porter (@dendroglyph) ceo of ecampusontario. they chat a bit about what it’s like to be a central figure in open education in canada and where ecampusontario is headed in the near future. we hope you enjoy it and we will…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_green_and_ecampusontario_david_porter.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										kyle mackie 																								 kyle macki is an educational consultant and community builder who has worked extensively with ontario colleges and universities to create wonderful online learning experiences for broad audiences. listen to find out more!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /getting_air_with_terry_greene_kyle_mackie.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										denise withers and michelle cheung 																								 terry greene catches up with denise withers (@denisewithers) and michelle cheung. denise and michelle work with the wonderful students of the ecampusontario student experience design lab (@sxdlab). they chat about the amazing projects that are nearing…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _voiced_radio_gettin_air_with_terry_greene_denise_withers_and_michelle_cheung.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										gettin’ air with terry greene- maureen glynn 																								 this week on gettin’ air terry chats with maureen glynn (@mgtheid), instructional designer at from the chang school @ryersonu. they chat about maureen’s wonderful history of openness in her work, which has lead her to be one of @ecampusontario’s open…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_maureen_glynn.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										laura killam 																								 nurse killam is a professor in nursing at cambrian college in sudbury. she is also one of five ecampusontario open fellows. terry and laura chat about her foray into open education and how her very popular nurse killam youtube channel came to be….https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /ep_ _laura_killam.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										greg rodrigo 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) is joined by greg rogrigo to talk about the tech-enabled work being done at georgian college.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /ep gregr_ _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										judith limkilde 																								 terry catches up with judith limkilde, recently retired vice president academic of fleming college. judith had a long career in various teaching and leadership positions at seneca college, nova scotia community college as well as fleming. terry and…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_judith_limkilde.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										lauren anstey 																								 terry (@greeneterry) chats with lauren anstey (@ansteypants) elearning and curriculum specialist at western university about the success of western’s open education day, the emergence of their open working group and other exciting technology enabled…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /ep _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jennifer peters (seneca college) 																								 episode with jennifer peters (@jennrpeters), elearning and digital literacies librarian at seneca college – we chat about all things open at seneca, most notably their involvement in the development of the wonderful resource the learning portal…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_jennifer_peters_seneca_college.mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										raviv jhangiani 																								 this week terry is honoured to have the privilege of chatting with rajiv jhangiani (@thatpsychprof), one of the world’s leading advocates of open educational resources and practices. they chat about all of the wonderful contributions to the open…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_raviv_jhangiani_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										aaron tucker and paul chafe 																								 in this episode, terry green welcomes aaron tucker(@chessbard) and paul chafe from ryerson university. they discuss the development of the department of english at ryerson’s open textbook “write here, right now” designed for first year composition…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ / _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										nick baker 																								 in this episode, terry greene (@greeneterry) chats with nick baker (@nbaker), director of the office of open learning at the university of windsor. nick tells about all the great things they do and how we might go about getting an open learning office…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_nick_baker_university_of_windsor_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										christopher shields 																								 terry (@greeneterry) and christopher shields from the school of general arts and science at fleming college chat about fleming’s recent move to widespread open blogging in their flagship communications courses and the opportunities that has presented.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_christopher_shields_fleming_college_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jason lamb 																								 terry greene (@greeneterrry) chats with jason lamb(@jasonlamb), instructional assistant in the faculty of health sciences at mcmaster university about all of the very cutting edge virtual and augmented reality projects underway at mac!https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_jason_lamb_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										chris fernlund 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) chats with chris fernlund (@fernfeed), the student lead of student supports for @ecampusontario. they chat about and reveal the mysteries of the student experience design lab (@sxdlab) and the wonderful projects in the…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										rick overeem 																								 rick overeem (@rickomobile)from lambton college speaks with terry greene (@greeneterry) origins of lambton college’s journey to become known as the “mobile college” and where they plan to go with open and technology-enabled learning in the future.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_from_ecampusontario_rick_overeem_lambton_college_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jessica o’reilly 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) speaks with jessica o’reilly from cambrian college. they chat about her open education plans for the coming term as an open education fellow with ecampusontario and her new role as an instructional developer at cambrian,…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_jessica_o_reilly_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										helen dewaard 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) speaks with helen dewaard. one of canada’s openest of open educators, they chat about helen’s plans for her winter courses in lakehead university’s faculty of education, her involvement in virtually connecting, and her…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_helen_dewaard_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										denise neilsen 																								 in this episode, terry greene (@greeneterry) speaks with denise nielsen (@denielsen) from st. lawrence college. denise chats about her foray into melding open educational resources with open educational practices by co-creating an open textbook with…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_denise_neilsen_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										emma gooch and lena patterson 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) is joined by the engines that drive ecampusontario – emma gooch (@emma_gooch) and lena patterson (@lpatter ). emma and lena tell the origin story of ecampusontario and where we are headed next.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampusontario_episode_ _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										alan levine 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) speaks with alan levine (@cogdog) about the endlessly amazing work alan has done in the open over the years, including his involvement in the ontario extend project and where that work is headed.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_and_ecampus_ontario_alan_levine_cogdog_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										giulia forsythe 																								 terry greene (@greeneterry) and giulia forsythe (@giuliaforsythe) chat about exciting connected and open education projects stemming from the centre for pedagogical innovation at brock university and how giulia does her wonderful sketch-noting.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_from_ecampusontario_giulia_forsythe_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										terry greene 																								 the tables have turned as joanne kehoe flips the script on regular host terry greene and interviews him about learning in the open with things like ds and ontario extend.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_joanne_kehoe_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										joanne kehoe and peg french 																								 terry greene’s (@greeneterry)fellow ecampusontario program managers joanne kehoe (@joannekehoe) and peg french (@livingkatstone) chat about playing in the ed-tech sandbox and the future open educational resource repository for ontario post-secondary…https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_with_terry_greene_episode_ _ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										ali versluis and claire coulter 																								 ali versluis (@aliversluis) and claire coulter (@ccoulter )of the university of guelph. speak with terry greene (@greeneterry)about the open education goings on at u of g, and the ontario open education rangers lifestyle.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /getting_air_episode_four_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										sean kheraj and tom peace 																								 in this episode, terry greene (@greeneterry) chats with sean kheraj (@seankheraj)of york university and tom peace (@tpcanoe) of huron college a canadian history open textbook sprint.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /gettin_air_ _recording_ _ _ _ _t _ _ pm_greeneterry_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										dr. aaron langille 																								 in this episode terry greene (@greeneterry) talks with dr. aaron langille (@aaron_lucs)of laurentian university. about about plans to mix open education and gamification.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /getting_air_episode_two_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 			 				 				 				 																										jenni hayman 																								 in this pilot episode of “gettin’ air” with terry greene (@greenetery) ecampusontario program manager jenni hayman (@jennihayman). jenni chats about what it is to be an open educator, an ecampusontario program manager and an ontario open education ranger.https://api.spreaker.com/download/episode/ /getting_air_episode_one_ _ _ _ _ _am_ .mp 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 	 	 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 		 	 	 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 				 				 				 				 					 				 				 				 				 				 				 				 			 			 				 				 			 				 				 			 		 	 	 			 		 		 	 			 				 					our mission is to change the way you talk about education—in canada and around the world—by opening up a multi-media space for vibrant, provocative conversation about the issues, challenges and opportunities that are coming to define us in the st century. 		 			stephen hurley, founder and chief catalyst 		 			stephen@voiced.ca listener line: - - privacy policy 		 		 				 					 							home 	about 	podcasts 	off the shelf 	education workers speak 	support our work 					 				 			 				 					 					 		 			facebook 		 	 	 		 			twitter 		 	 	 		 			rss 		 	 © voiced radio canada | voiced radio canada is incorporated under the canada not-for-profit corporations act | accessibility | a distill design 					 	 				 			 		 	 			 		 we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. trln discovery subject re-mapping | triangle research libraries network 		skip to the content 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 									 																			 									search 								 							 						 						 							triangle research libraries network 						 						 							 								 																	 								menu 							 						 					 					 						 								 										home 	about 	governance 		governing board 	executive committee 	advisory council 	annual reports 		 - annual report 	 - annual report 	 - annual report 	staff 	activities 	working groups 		circulation policy working group 	cooperative print retention 	electronic resources management working 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	annual reportsshow sub menu 		 - annual report 	 - annual report 	 - annual report 	staff 	activitiesshow sub menu 	working groupsshow sub menu 		circulation policy working group 	cooperative print retention 	electronic resources management working group 	resource sharing working group 	scholarly communication data 	shared discovery services working group 	interest groups 	trln discovery 	trln direct 	trln annual meetingshow sub menu 		event details 	call for proposals 	trln employee orientation 	shared print resources 	past activities and eventsshow sub menu 		trln institute 	trln management academy 	content, context, and capacity (ccc) 	calendar 	newsshow sub menu 	trln news roundup: current edition 	news roundup archive 	press releases 	resources 					 					 			 			 				 			 		 	 	 	 	 		 		 			home / resources / trln discovery subject re-mapping trln discovery subject re-mapping 		 	 	 			 			 				 					 					 						 							 						 					 						 in an effort to improve the subject terms used in trln’s discovery layer to better represent diverse populations, and to change existing subject terms that may be exclusionary or divisive, the metadata team is collecting suggestions to overlay existing problematic subject headings with alternative vocabulary terms. suggest a subject heading trln has the ability to overlay these problematic subject headings in our shared discovery layer. some examples of terms that have already been overlaid include “illegal aliens” (overlaid with “undocumented immigrants”) and “poor” (overlaid with “poor people”). access the full list of overlaid terms. remapping a subject heading does not change the marc record data or search results, but rather changes subject data that displays to the end user. additionally, remapped headings must be specified at the whole subdivision level. this requires some repetition in the configuration file, but this also accommodates nuance in the remappings. if a user searches for “illegal aliens”, they will return results using this term; however the subject facet and the item record’s subject will display “undocumented immigrants”. the remapping only applies to subject headings. if “illegal aliens” displays elsewhere, such as title, then this information will not be overlaid with “undocumented immigrants”. users can submit suggested terms to overlay using this form. the trln discovery metadata team reviews, researches, and documents decisions made for each suggested term. some terms have been extensively discussed in broader communities and we can point to this work when making our recommendations, but some suggestions may require collaboration with the trln metadata interest group, subject matter experts, and other stakeholders to determine whether a term should be remapped as part of this program and what is the preferred term. ultimately, the trln discovery product owners review the recommended terms to remap and if they approve, the terms are added to the configuration file and visible to end users. for questions about this program, contact metadata@trln.org. 					 					 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 					 						 							 								contact us general information: info@trln.org events information: events@trln.org phone: - -trln ( ) mailing address triangle research libraries network (trln) box chapel drive durham, nc 	 trln is a non-profit organization incorporated in the state of north carolina, ein - . affiliated with duke university, trln is a separate entity and is neither an agent nor a representative of duke. 							 						 						 							 								follow @trln_main tweets by trln_main 	subscribe to trln's newsletter! 	 							 						 					 				 			 		 	 			 				 					 						© 							 							triangle research libraries network 						 					 					 						 							to the top ↑						 						 							up ↑						 					 				 			 				 		 	 	 	 mark e. phillips journal mark e. phillips journal 	metadata events system: accounting for time in the last post, i mentioned that there four primary things that we have needed in order to move a large portion of our student and staff workers to full remote work during this quarantine. in this post, i wanted to jump ahead a bit and talk a bit about how we are accounting for [&# ;] 	managing metadata editing for telecommuting. many of us in the us, and around the world for that matter, are now sitting at home working remotely trying to maintain some semblance of normalcy during quarantine for covid- . i&# ;m going to write up a few of the things that we have been working on her at the unt libraries to try and [&# ;] 	user session analysis: unt scholarly works this is a continuation of a series of posts that i never got around to writing earlier this semester.  i posted the first and second post in the series in february but never got around to writing the rest of them.  this time i am looking at if users use items from multiple collections in [&# ;] 	introducing sampling and new algorithms to the clustering dashboard one of the things that we were excited about when we adding the clustering dashboard to the unt libraries&# ; edit system was the ability to experiment with new algorithms for grouping or clustering metadata values.  i gave a rundown of the cluster dashboard in a previous blog post  this post is going to walk through [&# ;] 	user session analysis: investigating sessions in the previous post in this series i laid out the work that we were going to do with session data from the unt libraries&# ; digital collections.  in order to get the background that this post builds from take a quick look at that post. in this post we are going to look at the [&# ;] 	user session analysis: connections between collections, type, institutions i&# ;ve been putting off some analysis that a few of us at the unt libraries have wanted to do with the log files of the unt libraries digital collections.  this post (and probably a short series to follow) is an effort to get back on track. there are three systems that we use to provide [&# ;] 	metadata quality interfaces: cluster dashboard (openrefine clustering baked right in) this is the last of the updates from our summer&# ;s activities in creating new metadata interfaces for the unt libraries digital collections.  if you are interested in the others in this series you can view the past few posts on this blog where i talk about our facet, count, search, and item interfaces. this time [&# ;] 	metadata interfaces: search dashboard this is the next blog post in a series that discusses some of the metadata interfaces that we have been working on improving over the summer for the unt libraries digital collections.  you can catch up on those posts about our item views, facet dashboard, and element count dashboard if you are curious. in this [&# ;] 	metadata quality interfaces: element count dashboard next up in our review of the new metadata quality interfaces we have implemented this summer is our element count dashboard. the basics of this are that whenever we index metadata records in our solr index we go ahead and count the number of instances of a given element, or a given element with a [&# ;] 	metadata quality interfaces: facet dashboard this is the second post in a series that discusses the new metadata interfaces we have been developing for the unt libraries&# ; digital collections metadata editing environment. the previous post was related to the item views that we have created. this post discusses our facet dashboard in a bit of depth.  let&# ;s get started. facet dashboard [&# ;] influx library user experience influx library user experience just another wordpress site dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by carolina hernandez (@carolina_hrndz), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy.  i have been interested in attending the dlf forum for a few years now, but the timing was never quite right until this year. with the conference being both online and free, it was a no brainer for me to finally attend. considering i am an instruction librarian, though, it may seem like an odd choice for me. however, in part because of my previous experience with curating the oregon digital newspaper project at the university of oregon, i’ve been interested in exploring the many ways digital library technologies and digital collections themselves can be incorporated into information literacy instruction. with covid- entirely moving our instruction to the online realm, this interest has become an imperative. this conference has confirmed for me that there are many ways these areas intersect and could inform my instructional approach. while many of the sessions i watched did not directly address pedagogy, there was still so much i was able to glean from the presentations that i could take back to my realm. the main thing that popped out at me was the way so many presenters addressed accessibility in one way or another. of course, this stood out the most with the “creating accessible and inclusive content” combo session, which began with rebecca bayeck’s clarification of the difference between accessibility and inclusivity, two terms that are often used interchangeably. while accessibility is more about making sure that the final product is “usable by people with all abilities,” bayeck made the important distinction that inclusivity goes a step beyond that to also make sure individuals “feel comfortable/safe when using [it].” this is something i try to keep in mind when lesson planning, how it’s important to not only make sure that students are able to access the learning materials in whatever way works best for them, but that they also find the relevance of information literacy to their own lives. in another presentation from this session, daniella levy-pinto and mark weiler noted some of these issues, such as “unlabeled buttons or links,” which can be hard to identify properly for those using screen readers. in fact, several presenters and attendees emphasized the importance of testing platforms and content with screen readers. carli spina also spoke about the importance of including audio descriptions and transcripts for audio-video content and also mentioned specific tools, such as cadet, that can help create these necessary points of access. cadet, or caption and description editing tool, is free and allows you to create captions and timed scripts, but it can also be used to more easily add audio descriptions.  screenshot of the cadet interface. image credit: carli spina it was helpful to see some of these accessibility best practices in action via the conference itself. because presentations were recorded in advance, they were able to include both closed captioning and transcripts for each one. conference coordinators encouraged attendees to make their postings in slack accessible as well by including image descriptions whenever a picture was included. this emphasized for me how it’s not only important to create accessible learning materials, but to foster a community that encourages others to follow suit. it is a helpful model for my instruction team as we move forward with helping our liaison colleagues with their own instruction. as i’ve been considering how to build lesson plans and activities around digital collections, the other session that stood out to me was the panel “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future.” the presenters gabriela baeza ventura, carolina villarroel, linda garcia merchant, and lorena gauthereau spoke about the us latino digital humanities program based at the university of houston, my current institution. this made their work immediately relevant to mine, as they are already working with part of the same community i teach. what stood out to me most, though, was their use of “omeka as pedagogy.” baeza ventura talked about her specific experience with teaching an undergraduate class wherein students used omeka to curate an exhibit, thus allowing them to “contribute to knowledge production.” this freirean approach to teaching is very much in line with our instruction team’s programmatic information literacy outcomes, which focus on encouraging students to see themselves as information creators. with a lot about the coming year still up in the air, my team and i plan to continue our efforts to strengthen both the synchronous and asynchronous online learning content we offer as it seems likely the demand for online teaching will certainly not go away. i am looking forward to bringing a lot of these ideas from the dlf community back to my department and finding ways to incorporate them into our pedagogy. 	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. swib - semantic web in libraries 	 	 home  |   programme   |   speakers  |   registration  |   general information  |   history  |   		 code of conduct  |   th semantic web in libraries conference finished 	 	 	this year's swib will be different: due to covid -induced restrictions we will experiment with transfering the community encounters and exchange of a physical conference venue into the web. with an online conference free of charge and a schedule that should work for most time zones we open up swib for a broader audience. we have set up an online environment completely based on open source software that does not only allow passive participation, but autonomous exchange between participants. 	 	taking into account the different time zones of the participants, we carry out the conference during the week of - november in the time from utc : until 		 : . swib focuses on linked open data (lod) in libraries and related organizations. it is well established as an event where it staff, developers, librarians, and researchers from over the world meet and mingle and learn from each other. the topics of talks and workshops at swib revolve around opening data, linking data and creating tools and software for lod production scenarios. these areas of focus are supplemented by presentations of research projects in applied 	sciences, industry applications, and lod activities in other areas. as usual, swib will be organized by the zbw - leibniz information centre for economics and the north rhine-westphalian library service centre (hbz). the conference language is english. would you like to share your experiences working on an interesting service, 	research topic or project – not just what you did, but also how you did it? for this swib rendition we adjusted the formats to the online environment: 	presentations ( minutes plus q&a) 	practical workshops or tutorials (maximum min) 	 	  	we appreciate proposals on the following or related topics: projects & applications 		integration of lod into productive library applications 	authorities & knowledge organization systems (thesauri, classifications, ontologies) 	re-use of lod (from libraries, wikidata and other sources) 	presenting & visualizing lod 	end-user environments for interaction with lod (e.g. editing or annotation) 	crowdsourcing/gamification approaches involving lod sources 	linked research & open science technology (focus on open source software) 	 		semantically enhanced data publication 	machine learning for automatic indexing & named entity recognition 	data transformation/integration/cleansing/enhancement/mapping/interlinking 	rdf validation 	data flow management 	read/write linked data 	linked data & library systems 	standards & best practices 	 		open web standards relevant for libraries 	application profiles & provenance information 	usable apis 	providing updates & syncing data sources 	preservation & sustainability 	open data licensing we are looking forward to receiving your proposals for presentations or workshops by july . please submit an abstract of - characters using our conference system at https://www.conftool.org/swib . if you intend to present a specific software solution please include links to the source code repository and make sure it is openly licensed (https://opensource.org/licenses). proposals will be reviewed by the swib programme committee: 	julia beck (frankfurt university library) 	uldis bojars (national library of latvia) 	valentine charles (europeana foundation, netherlands) 	huda khan, (cornell university library, usa) 	niklas lindström (national library of sweden) 	devika madalli (indian statistical institute) 	joachim neubert (zbw, germany - chair) 	adrian pohl (hbz, germany - chair) 	dorothea salo (uw-madison, usa) 	jodi schneider (university of illinois at urbana-champaign, usa) 	mj suhonos (ryerson university, canada) 	osma suominen (national library of finland) 	katherine thornton (yale university library, usa) 	jakob voß (gbv common library network, germany)   	 if you are interested in using the online conference infrastructure for a satellite event before or after the conference slot, let us know. website: http://swib.org/swib hashtag: #swib twitter: @swibcon take a look at previous swib conferences. please don't hesitate to ask if you have any questions: 	 	adrian pohl hbz tel. + -( ) - e-mail: swib(at)hbz-nrw.de 	 	or joachim neubert zbw tel. + -( ) - e-mail: j.neubert(at)zbw.eu 	 swib organizing team e-mail: swib(at)hbz-nrw.de   imprint data protection 	 	 	 	 news 	 	 		 									 slides and videos 			slides and videos are now online. you find them linked from the programme page. 	 . . 		 							 registrations 			 registrations from countries - participants joined the swib conference chat in mattermost. 	 . . 		 		 								 invitation to the press 			twelfth swib conference – semantic web in libraries – completely on the web, open for a wide audience. 	 . . 		 	 		 				 swib - november 			swib for the first time presented entirely on the web. 	 . . 	 		 									 		 		 	 	 	 		 	 twitter @swibcon   #swib     	 	 	 	 the last panthers — clark | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. clark the last panthers play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	ost 	neoclassical 	 	idm add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 back to belgrade 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 hiero-bosch for khalil 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 diamonds aren't forever 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 panthers bass plock 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 chloroform sauna 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 serbian 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	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 hide on the treads 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 music for real airports the black dog , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 serial hodgepodge lusine , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 bilious paths µ-ziq , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 map of what is effortless telefon tel aviv , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 incunabula autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sea inside body kelpe , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hollowed ital tek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 human energy machinedrum , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sheath lfo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spokes plaid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 myam james part kettel , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vessel lorn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 music for real airports the black dog , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 serial hodgepodge lusine , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 bilious paths µ-ziq , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 map of what is effortless telefon tel aviv , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 incunabula autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sea inside body kelpe , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hollowed ital tek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 human energy machinedrum , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sheath lfo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spokes plaid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 myam james part kettel , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vessel lorn , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday 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( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias to clark. his latest, self-titled lp, was released on warp records in and is a follow up to ’s iradelphic. ( ) clark is also a folk band from lompoc, california consisting of husband and wife, gabriel and dana friley, and andy white. after playing together in various musical projects for many years, the three formed clark in . their debut album "here comes tomorrow" was rele… read more there are several artists with the name clark. ( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias … read more there are several artists with the name clark. ( ) chris clark is an english electronic artist currently signed to warp. with the release of throttle furniture, he shortened his alias to clark. his latest, self-titled lp, was rele… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 chris clark , listeners 	 plaid , listeners 	 µ-ziq , listeners 	 squarepusher , listeners 	 autechre , listeners 	 afx , listeners 	 rival consoles , listeners 	 two lone swordsmen , listeners 	 ochre , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday 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not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. apple m chip - apple 	 	 			 				 					 						 					 					 						 					 				 				 					global nav open menu 				 				 					global nav close menu 				 			 	 				 					apple 				 			 	 				 					 						shopping bag 					 					 						 					 					+ 					 				 				 			 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 								search apple.com 							 						 						 							cancel 						 					 				 			 		 			 				 						apple 					 			 	 				 						mac 					 			 	 				 						ipad 					 			 	 				 						iphone 					 			 	 				 						watch 					 			 	 				 						tv 					 			 	 				 						music 					 			 	 				 						support 					 			 	 				 			 	 				 					 							shopping bag 						 					 								 					 					+ 					 				 				 			 		 			 				 					 						 							 								 								 								 								 										 									 							 						 						 								 									cancel 								 							 					 				 				 			 			 					 						 						 					 				 		 		 			 				 			 			 			 		 	 	 	 		 			 				 					 						 						 						 						 					 				 				 					apple m chip 					small chip. giant leap. 					m is here. our first chip designed specifically for mac, it delivers incredible performance, custom technologies, and revolutionary power efficiency. and it was designed from the very start to work with the most advanced desktop operating system in the world, macos big sur. with a giant leap in performance per watt, every mac with m is transformed into a completely different class of product. this isn’t an upgrade. it’s a breakthrough. 						 							watch the event 						 				 			 		 		 			 				 					an entire system. on a single chip. 					until now, a mac needed multiple chips to deliver all of its features — including the processor, i/o, security, and memory. with m , these technologies are combined into a single system on a chip (soc), delivering a new level of integration for more simplicity, more efficiency, and amazing performance. and with incredibly small transistors measured at an atomic scale, m is remarkably complex — packing the largest number of transistors we’ve ever put into a single chip. it’s also the first personal computer chip built using industry‑leading ‑nanometer process technology. 				 			 			 				 					 						 							 								 ‑nanometer processthe first personal computer chip built with this cutting‑edge technology. 							 						 						 							 								 billion transistorsthe most we’ve ever put into a single chip. 							 						 					 					 						 	 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 	 		 		 	 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					unified memory. shared across the entire system. 					m also features our unified memory architecture, or uma. m unifies its high‑bandwidth, low‑latency memory into a single pool within a custom package. as a result, all of the technologies in the soc can access the same data without copying it between multiple pools of memory. this dramatically improves performance and power efficiency. video apps are snappier. games are richer and more detailed. image processing is lightning fast. and your entire system is more responsive. 				 			 			 				 					 						 	 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 	 		 		 	 					 					 						 							 								up to . xfaster video processing 							 						 						 							 								up to . xfaster image processing 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					massive cpu performance. using a fraction of the power. 					the ‑core cpu in m is by far the highest‑performance cpu we’ve ever built. designed to crush tasks using the least amount of power, m features two types of cores: high performance and high efficiency. so from editing family photos to exporting imovie videos for the web to managing huge raw libraries in lightroom to checking your email, m blazes right through it all — without blazing through battery life. 				 			 			 				 					 						 							 								 -core cputhe highest‑performance cpu we’ve ever built. 							 						 						 							 								up to . xfaster cpu performance 							 						 					 					 						 	 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 	 		 		 	 					 				 				 					 						 							 								four high‑performance cores 								m features four performance cores, each designed to run a single task as efficiently as possible while maximizing performance. our high‑performance core is the world’s fastest cpu core when it comes to low‑power silicon. and because m has four of them, multithreaded workloads take a huge leap in performance as well. 							 						 						 							 								four high‑efficiency cores 								m has four efficiency cores to handle lighter workloads. they use a tenth of the power while still delivering outstanding performance. these e‑cores are the most efficient place to run lightweight tasks, allowing the performance cores to be used for your most demanding workflows. 							 						 						 							 								cpu performance vs. power 								 									 										 	 										 											 											 											 											 											 										 										 	 		 		 	 									 									 										 											 												up to xfaster cpu performance 											 										 										 											 												matches peak pc performance using %of the power 											 										 									 								 							 						 						 							 								 x faster cpu performance 								m delivers significantly higher performance at every power level when compared with the very latest pc laptop chip. at just watts (the thermal envelope of a macbook air), m delivers up to x the cpu performance of the pc chip. and m can match the peak performance of the pc chip while using just a quarter of the power. 							 						 						 							 								cpu performance per watt 								 									 										 	 										 											 											 											 											 											 										 										 	 		 		 	 									 									 										 											 												 xcpu performance per watt 											 										 									 								 							 						 						 							 								 x higher performance per watt 								when we look back at the single‑threaded performance of low‑power silicon in the mac, gains in performance per watt have been very small from one chip to the next. but when we look at m , we see a massive x improvement in performance per watt. 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					the world’s fastest integrated graphics in a personal computer. 					typically, pcs have to use a discrete chip to get great graphics performance — which consumes a lot of power. but m is different. its integrated graphics bring the best of both worlds — a huge increase in graphics performance together with low power consumption. the result of years of thorough analysis of mac applications, the gpu in m is the most advanced graphics processor we’ve ever built. with up to eight gpu cores, m is capable of executing nearly , threads at a time. from teraflops to texture bandwidth to fill rate to power efficiency, this gpu is in a class of its own — and brings the world’s fastest integrated graphics in a personal computer. 				 			 			 				 					 						 	 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 	 		 		 	 					 					 						 							 								up to -core gputhe most advanced graphics processor we’ve ever built. 							 						 						 							 								up to kconcurrent threads 							 						 					 				 				 					 						 							 								gpu performance vs. power 								 									 										 	 										 											 											 											 											 											 										 										 	 		 		 	 									 									 										 											 												up to xfaster gpu performance 											 										 										 											 												matches peak pc performance using %of the power 											 										 									 								 							 						 						 							 								 x faster graphics performance 								at every power level, m delivers significantly higher graphics performance than the very latest pc laptop chip — for up to x the graphics speed. and m can match the peak performance of the pc chip while using just a third of the power. 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					the next generation of machine learning. 					m features our latest neural engine. its ‑core design is capable of executing a massive trillion operations per second. in fact, with a powerful ‑core gpu, machine learning accelerators, and the neural engine, the entire m chip is designed to excel at machine learning. final cut pro can intelligently frame a clip in a fraction of the time. pixelmator pro can magically increase sharpness and detail at incredible speeds. and every app with ml‑powered features benefits from performance never before seen on mac. 				 			 			 				 					 						 							 								up to xfaster machine learning performance 							 						 						 							 								up to trillionoperations per second 							 						 					 					 						 	 						 							 							 							 							 							 						 						 	 		 		 	 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					serious performance. ridiculous battery life. 					m extends battery life even while bringing a massive increase in performance. but the chip itself is only part of this incredible power efficiency story. macos big sur features advanced power management that intelligently allocates tasks between the m performance and efficiency cores — automatically optimizing for lightweight tasks like reading a note or performance‑intensive tasks like playing the latest game. the result is the best battery life ever on a mac. 				 			 			 				 					 	 					 						 						 						 						 					 					 	 		 		 	 				 				 					 						 							 	 							 								 								 								 							 							 	 		 		 	 						 						m model 						macbook pro ″ 						 							 								 									 										up to hrsof wireless web browsing 									 								 							 							 								 									 										up to hrsof movie playback 									 								 							 						 					 					 						 							 	 							 								 								 								 							 							 	 		 		 	 						 						m model 						macbook air 						 							 								 									 										up to hrsof wireless web browsing 									 								 							 							 								 									 										up to hrsof movie playback 									 								 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					an os made for m , down to its core. 					macos big sur is engineered to take full advantage of all the capability and power of the m  chip — making everything you love about macos faster, better, and more secure. it’s our most powerful software ever, running on our most advanced hardware yet. 					see what’s new in macos big sur 				 			 			 				 					 	 					 						 						 						 						 						 					 					 	 		 		 	 				 				 					 						 							 								 	 								 									 									 									 								 								 	 		 		 	 								blazing‑fast performance 								systems with m now wake instantly. everyday tasks like launching apps are nearly instantaneous. scrolling in safari is even smoother. system animations are snappier. and the sheer speed of m , combined with macos technologies like metal, delivers a huge boost to even the most demanding apps — so you can do things like render d animations or edit raw video footage with ease. 							 						 						 							 								 	 								 									 									 									 								 								 	 		 		 	 								advanced security 								m and big sur offer the most advanced security of any personal computer. with hardware‑verified secure boot. automatic high‑performance encryption for all your files. and new security protections built deep into the code execution architecture of m . 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					m brings more apps to mac than ever. 					macos big sur is packed with technologies that allow you to run a greater range of apps than ever before — the biggest collection ever for mac. and as developers continue to build new apps for m , that collection will only grow. 				 			 			 				 					 	 					 						 						 						 						 						 					 					 	 		 		 	 				 				 					 						 							 								 	 								 									 									 									 								 								 	 		 		 	 								universal apps 								every app that comes with mac, and every app made by apple, is optimized for m . apps like pages, keynote, garageband, and imovie show how amazing performance can be with m . run up to x more instrument and effect plug‑ins with logic pro. fly through tasks with final cut pro, like rendering a complex timeline up to  x faster. incredibly fast and more capable than ever, native apps are the most powerful apps for m . and the new universal platform means these apps support both intel‑based and apple silicon–based mac systems. many developers are already delivering new apps with game‑changing performance and capabilities. like color‑correcting k video — in real time — with blackmagic davinci resolve. 							 						 						 							 								 	 								 									 									 									 								 								 	 		 		 	 								rosetta 								with the introduction of rosetta  , m and macos big sur seamlessly run apps that haven’t yet transitioned to universal versions. so without updating, you can keep working on fusion projects or reach the next level in your favorite game. and thanks to metal and m , some of the most graphically demanding apps perform better under rosetta  than they did running natively on previous mac systems with integrated graphics. 							 						 						 							 								 	 								 									 									 									 								 								 	 		 		 	 								iphone and ipad apps 								for the first time, you can run your favorite iphone and ipad apps directly on mac. that means more games to play. more content to watch. and more apps for all the things you love to do. they work and behave like true mac apps — with a menu bar, support for resizable windows, mouse and trackpad control, and more. iphone and ipad apps you purchased previously that are now available for mac can simply be downloaded from your purchased list. and, of course, they’re available on the mac app store. 							 						 					 				 			 		 		 			 				 					shop mac models with m . 					 						 							 								 									 										 											 	 											 												 												 												 												 												 											 											 	 		 		 	 											macbook air 											 										 									 									 										buy 									 									learn more 								 							 							 								 									 										 											 	 											 												 												 												 												 												 											 											 	 		 		 	 											macbook pro  ″ 											 										 									 									 										buy 									 									learn more 								 							 							 								 									 										 											 	 											 												 												 												 												 												 											 											 	 		 		 	 											mac mini 											 										 									 									 										buy 									 									learn more 								 							 						 						compare all mac models 					 				 			 		 	 	 	 		 			apple footer 			 					testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction macbook air systems with apple m  chip and -core gpu, as well as production . ghz quad-core intel core i -based macbook air systems, all configured with gb ram and tb ssd. tested with prerelease final cut pro  . using a -second clip with k apple prores raw media, at x resolution and . frames per second, transcoded to apple prores  . performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook air. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction mac mini systems with apple m  chip, and production . ghz quad-core intel core i -based mac mini systems, all configured with gb of ram and tb ssd. prerelease adobe lightroom . tested using a mb image. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of mac mini. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip and gb of ram measuring peak single-thread performance of workloads taken from select industry-standard benchmarks, commercial applications, and open source applications. comparison made against the highest-performing cpus for notebooks commercially available at the time of testing. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook pro. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip and gb of ram. multithreaded performance measured using select industry‑standard benchmarks. comparison made against latest‑generation high‑performance notebooks commercially available at the time of testing. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook pro. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip and gb of ram, as well as previous‑generation mac notebooks. performance measured using select industry‑standard benchmarks. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook pro. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip and gb of ram using select industry-standard benchmarks. comparison made against the highest-performing integrated gpus for notebooks and desktops commercially available at the time of testing. integrated gpu is defined as a gpu located on a monolithic silicon die along with a cpu and memory controller, behind a unified memory subsystem. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook pro. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip and gb of ram. performance measured using select industry‑standard benchmarks. comparison made against latest‑generation high‑performance notebooks commercially available at the time of testing. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of macbook pro. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction mac mini systems with apple m  chip, and production . ghz quad-core intel core i -based mac mini systems, all configured with gb of ram and tb ssd. prerelease pixelmator pro  .  lynx tested using a kb image. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of mac mini. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction ‑inch macbook pro systems with apple m  chip, gb of ram, and gb ssd. the wireless web test measures battery life by wirelessly browsing popular websites with display brightness set to clicks from bottom. the apple tv app movie playback test measures battery life by playing back hd p content with display brightness set to clicks from bottom. battery life varies by use and configuration. see apple.com/batteries for more information. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction macbook air systems with apple m  chip and -core gpu, configured with gb of ram and gb ssd. the wireless web test measures battery life by wirelessly browsing popular websites with display brightness set to clicks from bottom. the apple tv app movie playback test measures battery life by playing back hd p content with display brightness set to clicks from bottom. battery life varies by use and configuration. see apple.com/batteries for more information. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction mac mini systems with apple m  chip, and production . ghz quad-core intel core i -based mac mini systems, all configured with gb of ram and tb ssd. tested with prerelease logic pro  . . with project consisting of multiple tracks, each with an amp designer plug-in instance applied. individual tracks were added during playback until cpu became overloaded. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of mac mini. 	testing conducted by apple in october using preproduction mac mini systems with apple m  chip, and production . ghz quad-core intel core i -based mac mini systems with intel iris uhd graphics , all configured with gb of ram and tb ssd. tested with prerelease final cut pro  . using a complex -minute project with a variety of media up to k resolution. performance tests are conducted using specific computer systems and reflect the approximate performance of mac mini. 					hbo max™ is accessible only in the u.s. and certain u.s. territories. subscription required. © warnermedia direct, llc. all rights reserved. hbo max is used under license. 			 			 				 												 												apple 												 												 											 				 						 							mac 							 	 							m 							 		 			 		shop and learn 	 			 		open menu 	 			 		close menu 	 				mac 	ipad 	iphone 	watch 	tv 	music 	airpods 	homepod 	ipod touch 	accessories 	gift cards 		 	 	 		 		 			 		services 	 			 		open menu 	 			 		close menu 	 				apple music 	apple tv+ 	apple fitness+ 	apple news+ 	apple arcade 	icloud 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dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by betsy yoon (@betsyoon), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. betsy yoon (she/they) is an adjunct assistant professor and oer/reference librarian at the college of staten island, cuny and earned her mlis in . she also has a master of international affairs. she lives in occupied lenapehoking and is a longtime member of nodutdol, a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades working to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and turtle island (north america). interests include critical approaches to oer and openness, the free/libre software movement, understanding and addressing root causes over symptom management, and the role that libraries and archives can play in our collective liberation. one advantage of attending a virtual forum is the fact that you no longer have to decide between two interesting panels that are happening at the same time. before i realized that the sessions would be pre-recorded and available for viewing any time, i pored over the schedule trying to decide which of the two sessions to participate in per time block. what complicated my decision-making process was the fact that i was attending with two different angles. as a librarian, i do reference and work related to open educational resources on my campus. but i am also part of nodutdol( ), a community organization with a -year history in need of archiving and preservation. while not totally distinct (outreach is relevant for both roles, for instance), my two roles occasionally had divergent needs. for example, the monday : pm session had both “where it’s at: using gis tools for engagement and outreach at an hbcu library,” which seemed a good fit for my position in the academic library, and “linked while apart: overcoming division with linked data,” which seemed more applicable to my work with nodutdol. so you can imagine my delight when i learned that not only would the sessions be available for asynchronous viewing, but that it would also be possible to engage in discussions about the panel on slack. the panel that ended up being the most informative for my specific needs was “finding a good fit: scaling best practices for born-digital material to fit the needs of diverse communities.” the presenters walked us through the process of setting up a small-scale digitization project and emphasized the iterative nature of the process. as a grassroots organization, we do not have the luxury of hiring digitization experts to guide us through the process, and it has been difficult to know how and where to get started. margo padilla’s saying that “good enough” digital preservation practices (as opposed to best practices) stood out to me as particularly relevant to my organization’s needs. the description of their organization’s custom modular setup and the numerous resources that the slides linked out to were also very helpful in offering some solid starting points to embark on a “good enough” digital preservation process. [image: cover of nodutdol’s october born-digital zine, 제국의 제재, or sanctions of empire]i also found the learn@dlf sessions to be valuable in their specificity–in particular, i found the tools introduced in “wax and jekyll to build minimal digital projects” and “oral history as data: lightweight, static tool for publishing and analyzing transcripts” to be accessible in that they did not necessarily require investing time in a comprehensive platform or software and instead had relatively low barriers to entry. wax, for example, describes itself as a “minimal computing project for producing digital exhibitions focused on longevity, low costs, and flexibility.” while not exactly the same, the spirit behind minimal computing reminded me of splots (what the acronym stands for is not yet fixed — one interpretation is smallest portable open learning technology), which are intended to have low barriers to entry and “support more accessible, sustainable, and user-friendly ways to get publicly-engaged learning happening on the open web.” the question of platforms and sustainability is a topic that is directly relevant to my work in open educational resources and with nodutdol, and i always love to learn about technologies that provide access to knowledge creation mechanisms without locking you in to a specific system. though the fact that this year’s dlf forum was digital was due to the constraints of the pandemic, the thoughtful way in which the experience was designed was due to the efforts of the organizers. the asynchronous viewing options, the slack interface, the provision of presentation slides and transcripts all made it possible for organizations such as mine to benefit from the expertise of the dlf community. while an in-person dlf forum will no doubt have different considerations, i hope that some of the innovations of this year will be retained for future forums to ensure wide accessibility and participation from a wide variety of organizations and individuals. as a first-time dlf forum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum and look forward to continuing to learn from the dlf community! ( ) nodutdol is a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades based in lenapehoking/new york city seeking to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and on turtle island/north america. we advance our mission through political education, collective action, and principled solidarity. 	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir the startling history of america’s favorite drug — coffee - sum 	 menu 	about 	contact us 	submissions are now closed 	topics 	 arts 	 society 	 stem 	all stories 	video & audio 	colleges & schools 	follow/subscribe 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 linkedin 	 instagram 	 youtube 	 newsletter search search input 		 	about	contact us 	submissions are now closed 	topics	 arts 	 society 	 stem 	all stories 	video & audio 	colleges & schools 	follow/subscribe	 facebook 	 twitter 	 linkedin 	 instagram 	 youtube 	 newsletter 		search 	 	 				 menu search 	 				 up 						 							 the startling history of america’s favorite drug — coffee may , arts society | baruch college by char adams coffee has become a vital part of most of our days, whether it’s a cup to get us going in the morning or for a pick-me-up to get through the workday. now, a new book unpacks the rich (and sometimes) dark history of the beloved drink. “the history of coffee runs through the middle of this larger story about global connection and transformation,” baruch college professor augustine sedgewick writes in his new book coffeeland: one man’s dark empire and the making of our favorite drug. “what does it mean to be connected to faraway people and places through everyday things?”  coffeeland explores the centuries-long history of coffee, from its use by sufi monks in yemen hundreds of years ago to its place on our tables today. as it turns out, the history of coffee is riddled with exploitation, poverty, and greed. coffeeland rests on the story of james hill, a manchester-born englishman who moved to el salvador in the late s to find wealth. he decided to break into the coffee planting business, but found himself short on wage labor (coffee monoculture requires immense labor). so, he cut off the locals’ access to land, forcing them to rely on the coffee plantations for work and food. “the purpose of the state in those places was the production of coffee. and they helped plantation owners like hill force people to work by starving them,” sedgewick tells wnyc.  he writes: “what was needed to harness the will of the salvadoran people to the production of coffee, beyond land privatization, was the plantation’s production of hunger itself.” in the next century, hill’s empire would grow and become the oligarchy known as the “fourteen families.” coffee made up percent of el salvador’s exports and a military dictatorship emerged. today, after uprisings and a civil war in the s, el salvador is no longer the coffee capital it once was — its coffee is now marketed as gourmet with brazil dominating coffee production, according to the new york times.  as much as it serves as a history lesson, coffeeland paints a picture of global consumer habits and the capitalism we all participate in. in fact, it was coffee planters and roasters who pushed the idea of stopping the workday for what they called a “coffee break.” “the most important thing for me was realizing the extent to which the history of coffee is the history of work. the history of work is really the history of the idea of energy, the history of the idea that our bodies are energy-based mechanisms that consume and expend energy in the course of doing everything,” sedgewick tells wnyc. “when we think of the body this way, we think of the body’s most basic function as work. that way of thinking of the body normalizes the extraordinary requirements that modern capitalism places on us on an everyday basis.” buy this book beyond sum explore this work coffeeland: one man’s dark empire and the making of our favorite drugpenguin random house, work by augustine sedgewick (professor, history) | profile colleges and schools baruch college bonus content "how coffee ruined a country" (the new york times book review) "'lips together, teeth apart,' broadway from home, 'the last book on the left,' a history of coffee, changing holiday traditions" (wnyc) related terms capitalismcoffeecoffee historyel salvadorhistorymarket 							 							 								related posts 	 current immigration proposals resemble nativist laws aimed at irish may , 	 we’re controlled by technology. only team human can save us. june , 							 							 						 					 					 				 				 			 			 				 	about sum 	about the city university of new york (cuny) 	submissions 	explore more research at cuny 	cuny academic works               	sum is curated at the 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for the sullen a winged victory for the sullen play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september ‘a winged victory for the sullen’ is the first installment of the new collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and l.a. composer dustin o’halloran. the duo agreed to leave the comfort zone of their home studios and develop the recordings with the help of large acoustic spaces, hunting down a selection of ft grand pianos that had the ability to deliver extreme sonic low end. other traditional instrumentation was used including string quartet, french horn, and bassoon, but always juxtaposed is the sound of drifting guitar washed melodies. the recordings began with o… read more ‘a winged victory for the sullen’ is the first installment of the new collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and l.a. composer du… read more ‘a winged victory for the sullen’ is the first installment of the new collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and l.a. composer dustin o’halloran. the duo agreed to le… read more related tags 	modern classical 	piano 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	post-classical add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 we played some open chords and rejoiced, for the earth had circled the sun yet another year 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 requiem for the static king part one 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 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collaborative sound engineer. four years after their introduction, their eponymous debut emerged in all its splendor: a grand, elegiac composition, featuring seven different harmonic landscapes, redolent of the l… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composer… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composers dustin o'halloran and adam bryanbaum wi… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 nils frahm , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 ben lukas boysen , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 the dead texan , listeners 	 alaskan tapes , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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	about 	instructors 	syllabus 	reviews 	enrollment options 	faq machine learning stanford university 	about 	instructors 	syllabus 	reviews 	enrollment options 	faq about this course , , recent views machine learning is the science of getting computers to act without being explicitly programmed. in the past decade, machine learning has given us self-driving cars, practical speech recognition, effective web search, and a vastly improved understanding of the human genome. machine learning is so pervasive today that you probably use it dozens of times a day without knowing it. many researchers also think it is the best way to make progress towards human-level ai. in this class, you will learn about the most effective machine learning techniques, and gain practice implementing them and getting them to work for yourself. more importantly, you'll learn about not only the theoretical underpinnings of learning, but also gain the practical know-how needed to quickly and powerfully apply these techniques to new problems. finally, you'll learn about some of silicon valley's best practices in innovation as it pertains to machine learning and ai. this course provides a broad introduction to machine learning, datamining, and statistical pattern recognition. topics include: (i) supervised learning (parametric/non-parametric algorithms, support vector machines, kernels, neural networks). (ii) unsupervised learning (clustering, dimensionality reduction, recommender systems, deep learning). (iii) best practices in machine learning (bias/variance theory; innovation process in machine learning and ai). the course will also draw from numerous case studies and applications, so that you'll also learn how to apply learning algorithms to building smart robots (perception, control), text understanding (web search, anti-spam), computer vision, medical informatics, audio, database mining, and other areas. learner career outcomes % started a new career after completing these courses % got a tangible career benefit from this course shareable certificate earn a certificate upon completion % online start instantly and learn at your own schedule. flexible deadlines reset deadlines in accordance to your schedule. approx. hours to complete english subtitles: arabic, french, portuguese (european), chinese (simplified), italian, vietnamese, korean, german, russian, turkish, english, hebrew, spanish, hindi, japanese skills you will gain logistic regressionartificial neural networkmachine learning (ml) algorithmsmachine learning learner career outcomes % started a new career after completing these courses % got a tangible career benefit from this course shareable certificate earn a certificate upon completion % online start instantly and learn at your own schedule. flexible deadlines reset deadlines in accordance to your schedule. approx. hours to complete english subtitles: arabic, french, portuguese (european), chinese (simplified), italian, vietnamese, korean, german, russian, turkish, english, hebrew, spanish, hindi, japanese instructor instructor rating . /  ( , ratings) andrew ng top instructor instructorfounder, deeplearning.ai & co-founder, coursera , , learners courses offered by stanford university the leland stanford junior university, commonly referred to as stanford university or stanford, is an american private research university located in stanford, california on an , -acre ( , ha) campus near palo alto, california, united states. syllabus - what you will learn from this course content rating %( , , ratings)week week hours to completeintroduction welcome to machine learning! in this module, we introduce the core idea of teaching a computer to learn concepts using data—without being explicitly programmed. the course wiki is under construction. please visit the resources tab for the most complete and up-to-date information. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videoswelcome to machine learning! m welcome m what is machine learning? m supervised learning m unsupervised learning m readingsmachine learning honor code m what is machine learning? m how to use discussion forums m supervised learning m unsupervised learning m who are mentors? m get to know your classmates m frequently asked questions m lecture slides m practice exerciseintroduction m hours to completelinear regression with one variable linear regression predicts a real-valued output based on an input value. we discuss the application of linear regression to housing price prediction, present the notion of a cost function, and introduce the gradient descent method for learning. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videosmodel representation m cost function m cost function - intuition i m cost function - intuition ii m gradient descent m gradient descent intuition m gradient descent for linear regression m readingsmodel representation m cost function m cost function - intuition i m cost function - intuition ii m gradient descent m gradient descent intuition m gradient descent for linear regression m lecture slides m practice exerciselinear regression with one variable m hours to completelinear algebra review this optional module provides a refresher on linear algebra concepts. basic understanding of linear algebra is necessary for the rest of the course, especially as we begin to cover models with multiple variables. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videosmatrices and vectors m addition and scalar multiplication m matrix vector multiplication m matrix matrix multiplication m matrix multiplication properties m inverse and transpose m readingsmatrices and vectors m addition and scalar multiplication m matrix vector multiplication m matrix matrix multiplication m matrix multiplication properties m inverse and transpose m lecture slides m practice exerciselinear algebra m week week hours to completelinear regression with multiple variables what if your input has more than one value? in this module, we show how linear regression can be extended to accommodate multiple input features. we also discuss best practices for implementing linear regression. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videosmultiple features m gradient descent for multiple variables m gradient descent in practice i - feature scaling m gradient descent in practice ii - learning rate m features and polynomial regression m normal equation m normal equation noninvertibility m working on and submitting programming assignments m readingssetting up your programming assignment environment m access to matlab online and the exercise files for matlab users m installing octave on windows m installing octave on mac os x ( . yosemite and . mavericks and later) m installing octave on mac os x ( . mountain lion and earlier) m installing octave on gnu/linux m more octave/matlab resources m multiple features m gradient descent for multiple variables m gradient descent in practice i - feature scaling m gradient descent in practice ii - learning rate m features and polynomial regression m normal equation m normal equation noninvertibility m programming tips from mentors m lecture slides m practice exerciselinear regression with multiple variables m hours to completeoctave/matlab tutorial this course includes programming assignments designed to help you understand how to implement the learning algorithms in practice. to complete the programming assignments, you will need to use octave or matlab. this module introduces octave/matlab and shows you how to submit an assignment. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quizzes see all videosbasic operations m moving data around m computing on data m plotting data m control statements: for, while, if statement m vectorization m readinglecture slides m practice exerciseoctave/matlab tutorial m week week hours to completelogistic regression logistic regression is a method for classifying data into discrete outcomes. for example, we might use logistic regression to classify an email as spam or not spam. in this module, we introduce the notion of classification, the cost function for logistic regression, and the application of logistic regression to multi-class classification. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videosclassification m hypothesis representation m decision boundary m cost function m simplified cost function and gradient descent m advanced optimization m multiclass classification: one-vs-all m readingsclassification m hypothesis representation m decision boundary m cost function m simplified cost function and gradient descent m advanced optimization m multiclass classification: one-vs-all m lecture slides m practice exerciselogistic regression m hours to completeregularization machine learning models need to generalize well to new examples that the model has not seen in practice. in this module, we introduce regularization, which helps prevent models from overfitting the training data. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quizzes see all videosthe problem of overfitting m cost function m regularized linear regression m regularized logistic regression m readingsthe problem of overfitting m cost function m regularized linear regression m regularized logistic regression m lecture slides m practice exerciseregularization m week week hours to completeneural networks: representation neural networks is a model inspired by how the brain works. it is widely used today in many applications: when your phone interprets and understand your voice commands, it is likely that a neural network is helping to understand your speech; when you cash a check, the machines that automatically read the digits also use neural networks. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quizzes see all videosnon-linear hypotheses m neurons and the brain m model representation i m model representation ii m examples and intuitions i m examples and intuitions ii m multiclass classification m readingsmodel representation i m model representation ii m examples and intuitions i m examples and intuitions ii m multiclass classification m lecture slides m practice exerciseneural networks: representation m 	 show more week week hours to completeneural networks: learning in this module, we introduce the backpropagation algorithm that is used to help learn parameters for a neural network. at the end of this module, you will be implementing your own neural network for digit recognition. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quizzes see all videoscost function m backpropagation algorithm m backpropagation intuition m implementation note: unrolling parameters m gradient checking m random initialization m putting it together m autonomous driving m readingscost function m backpropagation algorithm m backpropagation intuition m implementation note: unrolling parameters m gradient checking m random initialization m putting it together m lecture slides m practice exerciseneural networks: learning m week week hours to completeadvice for applying machine learning applying machine learning in practice is not always straightforward. in this module, we share best practices for applying machine learning in practice, and discuss the best ways to evaluate performance of the learned models. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quizzes see all videosdeciding what to try next m evaluating a hypothesis m model selection and train/validation/test sets m diagnosing bias vs. variance m regularization and bias/variance m learning curves m deciding what to do next revisited m readingsevaluating a hypothesis m model selection and train/validation/test sets m diagnosing bias vs. variance m regularization and bias/variance m learning curves m deciding what to do next revisited m lecture slides m practice exerciseadvice for applying machine learning m hours to completemachine learning system design to optimize a machine learning algorithm, you’ll need to first understand where the biggest improvements can be made. in this module, we discuss how to understand the performance of a machine learning system with multiple parts, and also how to deal with skewed data. hours to complete videos (total min), readings, quiz see all videosprioritizing what to work on m error analysis m error metrics for skewed classes m trading off precision and recall m data for machine learning m readingsprioritizing what to work on m error analysis m lecture slides m practice exercisemachine learning system design m week week hours to completesupport vector machines support vector machines, or svms, is a machine learning algorithm for classification. we introduce the idea and intuitions behind svms and discuss how to use it in practice. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quizzes see all videosoptimization objective m large margin intuition m mathematics behind large margin classification m kernels i m kernels ii m using an svm m readinglecture slides m practice exercisesupport vector machines m week week hour to completeunsupervised learning we use unsupervised learning to build models that help us understand our data better. we discuss the k-means algorithm for clustering that enable us to learn groupings of unlabeled data points. hour to complete videos (total min), reading, quiz see all videosunsupervised learning: introduction m k-means algorithm m optimization objective m random initialization m choosing the number of clusters m readinglecture slides m practice exerciseunsupervised learning m hours to completedimensionality reduction in this module, we introduce principal components analysis, and show how it can be used for data compression to speed up learning algorithms as well as for visualizations of complex datasets. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quizzes see all videosmotivation i: data compression m motivation ii: visualization m principal component analysis problem formulation m principal component analysis algorithm m reconstruction from compressed representation m choosing the number of principal components m advice for applying pca m readinglecture slides m practice exerciseprincipal component analysis m week week hours to completeanomaly detection given a large number of data points, we may sometimes want to figure out which ones vary significantly from the average. for example, in manufacturing, we may want to detect defects or anomalies. we show how a dataset can be modeled using a gaussian distribution, and how the model can be used for anomaly detection. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quiz see all videosproblem motivation m gaussian distribution m algorithm m developing and evaluating an anomaly detection system m anomaly detection vs. supervised learning m choosing what features to use m multivariate gaussian distribution m anomaly detection using the multivariate gaussian distribution m readinglecture slides m practice exerciseanomaly detection m hours to completerecommender systems when you buy a product online, most websites automatically recommend other products that you may like. recommender systems look at patterns of activities between different users and different products to produce these recommendations. in this module, we introduce recommender algorithms such as the collaborative filtering algorithm and low-rank matrix factorization. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quizzes see all videosproblem formulation m content based recommendations m collaborative filtering m collaborative filtering algorithm m vectorization: low rank matrix factorization m implementational detail: mean normalization m readinglecture slides m practice exerciserecommender systems m week week hours to completelarge scale machine learning machine learning works best when there is an abundance of data to leverage for training. in this module, we discuss how to apply the machine learning algorithms with large datasets. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quiz see all videoslearning with large datasets m stochastic gradient descent m mini-batch gradient descent m stochastic gradient descent convergence m online learning m map reduce and data parallelism m readinglecture slides m practice exerciselarge scale machine learning m week week hours to completeapplication example: photo ocr identifying and recognizing objects, words, and digits in an image is a challenging task. we discuss how a pipeline can be built to tackle this problem and how to analyze and improve the performance of such a system. hours to complete videos (total min), reading, quiz see all videosproblem description and pipeline m sliding windows m getting lots of data and artificial data m ceiling analysis: what part of the pipeline to work on next m summary and thank you m readinglecture slides m practice exerciseapplication: photo ocr m reviews . reviews	 stars . % 	 stars . % 	 stars . % 	 stars . % 	 star . % top reviews from machine learning by mnoct , great overview, enough details to have a good understanding of why the techniques work well. especially appreciated the practical advice regarding debugging, algorithm evaluation and ceiling analysis. by pzjun , i really enjoyed this course. i learned new exciting techniques. i think the major positive point of this course was its simple and understandable teaching method. thanks a lot to professor andrew ng. by rkaug , it is the best online course for any person wanna learn machine learning. andrew sir teaches very well. his pace is very good. the insights which you will get in this course turns out to be wonderful. by tpjun , this course is a very applicable. professor ng explains precisely each algorithm and even tries to give an intuition for mathematical and statistic concepts behind each algorithm. thank you very much. view all reviews frequently asked questions 	when will i have access to the lectures and assignments? access to lectures and assignments depends on your type of enrollment. if you take a course in audit mode, you will be able to see most course materials for free. to access graded assignments and to earn a certificate, you will need to purchase the certificate experience, during or after your audit. if you don't see the audit option: 	the course may not offer an audit option. you can try a free trial instead, or apply for financial aid. 	the course may offer 'full course, no certificate' instead. this option lets you see all course materials, submit required assessments, and get a final grade. this also means that you will not be able to purchase a certificate experience. 	what will i get if i purchase the certificate? when you purchase a certificate you get access to all course materials, including graded assignments. upon completing the course, your electronic certificate will be added to your accomplishments page - from there, you can print your certificate or add it to your linkedin profile. if you only want to read and view the course content, you can audit the course for free. 	is financial aid available? yes, coursera provides financial aid to learners who cannot afford the fee. apply for it by clicking on the financial aid link beneath the "enroll" button on the left. you’ll be prompted to complete an application and will be notified if you are approved. learn more. 	will i earn university credit for completing the course? this course doesn't carry university credit, but 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browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership 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journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by hsiu-ann tom, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. hsiu-ann is the digital archivist at the amistad research center in new orleans, la where her work focuses on born digital collection development. she received her masters in library and information science with a concentration in archives management from simmons university in boston in . she is a graduate of columbia university (ba, sociology) and harvard university (ma, religion and politics), and is a member of the academy of certified archivists. prior to working in the archival field, hsiu-ann served in the united states army intelligence field as a cryptolinguistic analyst, attending the defense language institute in monterey, california. before coming to amistad, hsiu-ann worked on the archives staff of boston university’s howard gotlieb archival research center working with the military historical society of massachusetts collection. she recently obtained the society of american archivist digital archivist specialist certification and enjoys supporting students and new professionals in their educational development through her work as a member of saa’s graduate archival education committee.   i am thankful for the opportunity to have helped cover this year’s conference as one of community journalists. given all of the challenges of , i was looking forward to hearing how my colleagues were finding ways to navigate unfamiliar situations and overcome obstacles. as a new graduate in my first full-time position out of library school, it was both inspiring and encouraging to listen to so many in the field describe their innovations over the course of the conference. i am thankful to the conference organizers and attendees for assembling such a rich program for everybody to enjoy. as i gathered my thoughts about what to write, i was overwhelmed by the achievements and innovations of the dlf community. each session was packed with more information than i could absorb and it was a joy to hear such dedicated professionals talk about their work. yet, when i thought about the conference experience, what stuck out to me the most was the conference design itself and its alignment with dlf’s mission and values. i considered the introductory comments of charles henry and the dlf mission: dlf: advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design & wise application of digital library technology the conference felt like a model for how to implement these community values. it was exciting to see ideas in action and to feel like i was included in that as a newcomer to this group. from before the start of the conference, i appreciated the efforts of conference staff to make conference content accessible to attendees of all abilities. in light of the pandemic and the turn to online communication platforms, transcription and closed captioning services for the hearing impaired are sometimes overlooked by conference organizers. as a us army veteran with hearing impairment who does not read lips, this was something i struggled with on my own until this year when online meetings meant i had to start asking for more accommodations. this is not always a comfortable or easy thing for anyone to do despite how accepting society says we are to helping those who need accommodations. dlf conference staff began reaching out by email prior to the conference to address these concerns and confirm the availability of captioning and transcription services for all sessions – something that has not been my experience at other conferences. on the first day of the conference when i could not understand how to make the captioning features work, dlf had staff on hand via zoom link to jump on a screen share to show me how things worked on the aviary platform in real time. they emailed me links to sessions i missed, coached me through the features as i tested the captioning, showed me how transcriptions worked and even where i could have emailed transcripts of the conference sessions and slide notes to access at a later time. normally i would have to stop videos and play them back multiple times to get content for note taking. personally, these tools meant participating in the conference with fewer distractions and less stress. as the conference progressed, i thought more about the importance of these tools for our user community and how we can employ them to improve their experiences. dr. stacey patton’s words during her opening address stayed with me throughout the conference as i considered the topic of accessibility in my daily work. she asked attendees to consider our role as archivists. as a new archivist trying to develop policies, procedures and workflows that encourage access and use for those coming to my archive, how can i perform my work more inclusively? are there communities being overlooked? what needs are going unmet and how do i address them? current discussions and work around accessibility are critical to ensuring that all patrons have access to the work we perform. the dlf forum was a great experience for me in that i was able to learn about new tools to help with accessibility like otter.ai and how to use it. i also learned about adjusting on the fly, accepting that sometimes technology will malfunction even with the best laid plans, having a backup plan to back up your plan is a great plan and finally, asking your community of peers for help may be your best plan. i am fortunate to have been able to attend dlf this year and to see the hard work of so many colleagues on display, learn new skills and connect with a community of professionals working in my field. there are many ways organizations demonstrate to their community of users “you are welcome here. we want you here and you are part of this community.” these simple steps taken by the dlf conference team through the accessibility tools helped me to feel part of the community this year. thank you to staff who provided assistance with transcription and captioning services, and to those who helped with platform support. 	related 	 	 	 	 read more &media="> 	 read more "> 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by jocelyn hurtado, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations to come. ms. hurtado also has experience promoting collections through exhibits, presentations, instructional sessions, and other outreach activities which includes the development and execution of an informative historical web-series video podcast.  ms. hurtado earned her associate degree in anthropology from miami-dade college and a bachelor of arts in anthropology from the university of florida. she also completed the georgia archives institute program.  this year has been full of new experiences and we all have faced the challenges of adapting to the new professional realities of relying on technology to complete our work, promoting the goals of our organization all while staying connected with communities we serve virtually. our phones and laptops are now on the top of the list of tools we cannot function without and it’s arguably just as valuable as a pencil or finding aid to an archivist, at least from my own personal experience. as a first-time attendee and a community journalist, i was excited and unsure of how the dlf forum would operate on a virtual platform. like millions around the world i’ve been working remotely for months and learned to adapt but i was still hesitant on how attendees would be able to truly connect to the panelist, fellow attendees and with the subject of each talk remotely. it is no secret that librarians, archivists, historians or anyone in a related field have a tendency to be introverted and from my own personal experience starting a conversation, connecting with others and networking can be stressful. however, i was quickly positively surprised on how easy it was to start a conversation at the conference. i enjoyed the slack application in which attendees were able to share thoughts, ideas and pose questions about each session. i certainly viewed more opinions, concepts and panels virtually than i probably would have in person. i liked the fact that i could have access to the sessions anytime which is great for anyone who has a busy schedule as well as any problems accessing the videos due to the digital divide caused by finances or other factors such as remoteness or environmental factors such as hurricanes or storms. in the opening plenary i was delighted to hear the acknowledgement of the indigenous people and their lands in regards to the location of the original conference and area that was being discussed. the keynote speaker, dr. stacy patton, was simply incredible and asked us to grapple with a very important question: do black lives matter in galleries, libraries, archives and museums? i believe we all know and can say historically the answer is no, black lives have systematically been erased and unwelcome in these spaces. has become the year of reckoning for some institutions and for many in this field that have been part of this problem. thus, the question becomes what now? how can meaningful and genuine change come about? there is no one size fits all plan and up to in the field to do the work and realize there will never be a timeline or an exact moment where it will be marked as done. i had the opportunity to ask dr. patton a question and was also able to see other questions posed by fellow attendees. it created a hub for sharing experiences and problems encountered in our own institutions which was able to foster a connected moment and experience. dr. patton hit the nail on the head when reciting the claude mckay poem, “if we must die.” it was a couple of days before election day and oh how the words aptly describe the current era and the rawness of it all. during her speech i reflected on the work of schomberg and many other black intellectuals whose worked and made centers were black lives do matter and their stories were properly preserved. i also reflected on my experience working at a black community repository, in a space made for black lives to matter. i also recognize another important question: which black lives matter in these spaces? women, individuals overlooked due to their sexual orientation, and those from a lower socioeconomic status or position have had their stories overlooked. there is so much work to be done and this has encouraged and highlighted the importance of pushing the boundaries and the sharing of ideas. the recording restorative justice and accountability: the burnham-nobles digital archive presented by gina nortonsmith, raymond wilkes, amanda rust and drew facklam was inspiring. the work done by the team of telling the stories of victims and giving a voice is imperative. prior to this session i did not know of the civil rights and the restorative justice project and was glad to learn about the research being conducted along with support policy initiatives on racial hate crimes during the jim crow era and that justice is still being pursued for the victims and their families. the statement “i like to think of the investigator as the foundation for an archive, while the archivist is the architect and engineer, providing structure and organization in order to complete the building, i.e. the archive” by raymond wilkes beautifully explained the importance of the collaborative efforts and the relationship member of the team had to the task. i am looking forward to next year’s dlf forum and hope/expect it to continue the focus on the community. 	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir log in | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up log in please enter your internet archive email and password to access your open library account. email — forgot your internet archive email? password remember me forgot your password? not a member of open library? sign up now. open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing 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programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows, news 	 this post was written by melde rutledge (@melderutledge), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. melde rutledge is the digital collections librarian at wake forest university’s z. smith reynolds library. he is responsible for leading the library’s digitization services—primarily in support of zsr’s special collections and archives, as well as providing support for university departments.  he earned his mlis from the university of north carolina at greensboro, and has served in librarianship for approximately years. his background also includes years of newspaper journalism, where he wrote news, sports, and feature articles for several locally published newspapers in north carolina.  he currently lives in winston-salem, nc, with his wife and three sons. since , i’ve appreciated the opportunity to attend and participate in the annual dlf forum. i look forward to the great takeaways to share with my colleagues back home. let’s also not forget the wonderful venues where the forum takes place (las vegas, tampa, etc.). needless to say, a global pandemic emerged this year, resulting in the dlf forum to occur virtually.  as i reflect on this year’s installment of the dlf forum, it’s difficult not to compare the forum’s first virtual event with the previous in-person gatherings—particularly in regards to size. the fact that the event had more than , registered participants is a testament to the popularity and value of dlf. being that it also surpassed the overall in-person attendance record (just over people) of the dlf forum in pittsburgh is also noteworthy. the segment that i look forward to the most from the dlf forums are the opening plenaries, because of its great keynote speakers. stacey patton provided an excellent talk highlighting the significance of preserving the black experience in galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (glams)—covering several cohesive themes during her one-hour-plus speech—including the covid- pandemic, hiring diverse staff in glams, america’s ongoing issue with racism, and the social and racial parallels of then and now.  one of my key takeaways of her talk is spotlighting the need for institutions to be “ready and equipped” during the pandemic to educate students. this was suggested to be accomplished by providing research materials remotely, but also asking, “what difference does this make that we’re digitizing things? how is this power to be used to protect documents when we may not know their importance? what about the digital divide and access to these materials?” these indeed are very important thoughts to me, as a key role of my work is providing digital access to materials tucked away within our special collections and archives. and it was great that presenters addressed patton’s questions throughout the dlf sessions. “‘can we digitize this? should we?’” navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life” is a great example. this was presented by stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley library. i was impressed with their digital lifecycle program, and the ethical considerations embedded within their workflow. i have interest in seeing how institutions confront the issue regarding the digitization of materials of underprivileged groups, as well as how they approach the handling of culturally sensitive materials, accessibility, and appropriate metadata creation. as julie hardesty pointed out in her presentation entitled, “mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies,” when working with metadata, you can become familiar with several widely used controlled vocabularies. however, working with large common vocabularies can “paint broad strokes that cover up more than they should, that generalize or simplify too much, and show the biases of dominant groups such as the white male viewpoint. additionally, the process to change and update terms can be slow to keep up.” when i listen to presentations on this theme, speakers routinely note the value of incorporating community engagement. a nice example of this was shared during the presentation, “curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem.” curationist.org is a site that finds and collects important cultural and historical resources that are within the public domain. as explained by presenter sharon mizota, community users will be able to include their own metadata to records on this site.  overall, i salute all the organizers and presenters for producing an impressive dlf program. and kudos to the partnership between clir/dlf and the hbcu library alliance. as an hbcu graduate, i appreciate programming that covers how hbcus approach digitization, and the stories behind the unique materials that are digitally preserved, especially amid the covid- pandemic. covid- is indeed a big factor in how many of us in this profession are conducting decision making. the wealth of relevant content in this year’s dlf was very timely in this regard. 	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. mystery file! - peertubefr it seems you are either blocking or disabling javascript on your browser, and we totally get that. however this endpoint uses angular, so the front end is in full javascript and won't work without it. there might be numerous reasons you refuse to use javascript. if it just has to do with security (or lack thereof) of javascript-based web applications, then depending on your threat menace you might want to go through the code running on the node you are trying to access, and look for security audits. there are other non js-based unofficial clients to access peertube. you can find a list maintained by the peertube project in the thid-party applications section. you can also develop your own as our code is open source and libre software under the gnu agplv . and documented on docs.joinpeertube.org. we are sorry but it seems that peertube is not compatible with your web browser. please try with the latest version of mozilla firefox. if you think this is a mistake, do not hesitate to report it. wikidata query service please enable javascript or use a browser that supports it. 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 test result test error loading... explorer × announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix  - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix  	november , 	kussmann 	ndsa 	 portuguese translations of the levels of digital preservation matrix  the ndsa is pleased to announce that version ( ) of the levels matrix has been translated into portuguese by laura vilela r. rezende. this document enriches the scientific studies on digital preservation and research data curation developed by the brazilian research group of which the researcher is part: the research network – driade: digital preservation studies and practices   links to these documents are found below as well as on the levels of digital preservation osf project page: https://osf.io/qgz / 	v . ( )  if you would be interested in translating the levels of digital preservation v . into another language please contact us at ndsa.digipres@gmail.com.    tradução para o português da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital de   a ndsa tem o prazer de anunciar que a versão . ( ) da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital foi traduzida para o português por laura vilela r. rezende. este documento enriquece os estudos científicos sobre preservação digital e curadoria de dados de pesquisa desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa brasileiro do qual a pesquisadora faz parte:  rede de pesquisa driade – estudos e práticas de preservação digital  a seguir os links para acesso a este documentos. É possível acessar também pela página do projeto osf: https://osf.io/qgz / 	v . ( )   caso tenha interesse em traduzir os níveis de preservação digital v . em outro idioma, por favor entre em contato conosco pelo e-mail: ndsa.digipres@gmail.com   	related 	levels of digital preservation 	levels of preservation 	ndsa 	translation 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by shelly black (@shellyyblack), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters. shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua. the weekend protests began in response to george floyd’s murder, i was driving across the country for my first post-mlis job. i listened to the radio, scrolled through the news and felt the country in pain. reflecting on how volatile has been, i’m grateful that the dlf forum was freely open to all and held online. as a graduate student, my exposure to digital curation and preservation focused on theory more than practice. so i was eager to learn about current strategies and tools. considering the anti-racist commitments made recently by numerous organizations, i also looked forward to hearing about projects to improve discoverability of marginalized people in the historical record. many sessions covered computational methods used by librarians, archivists, and researchers to improve our understanding of, and increase access to, digitized materials. juan manuel garcía fernández and nickoal eichmann-kalwara presented on “digital el diario and archival justice in the digital humanities graduate classroom.” their work involved creating a corpus from a digitized s chicanx newspaper and showing students how to use text analysis tools, such as mallet and voyant, for the purpose of historical recovery. in “images as data with computer vision,” carol chiodo shared that harvard university library is using a python package to analyze and provide descriptive metadata at scale for photographic collections. this includes protest photography, so the project will also result in the creation of ethical guidelines for applying automation to sensitive materials. throughout the forum, a theme that resonated with me was the ethics of care. i learned how multiple presenters have adopted this feminist approach that emphasizes relationships and considers power imbalances. during “can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life,” stacy reardon explained that she adopts an ethics of care when deciding whether to make materials available online. she noted how this framework urges us to consider the potential for harm not just to individuals but also communities. lorena gauthereau, one of the panel members of “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future,” imparted that community outreach should be approached with an ethics of care. she said we have a responsibility to make the people represented in archives feel valued, which can be achieved through post-custodial methods, consent, decolonial spaces, and trusting relationships. as a mexican japanese american, increasing representation and reclaiming the humanity of historically oppressed people has personal significance. i wholeheartedly agree with gauthereau who expressed:  “by recovering the past, we can project toward our future. while working with recovered archives, we make space for healing by making visible not only painful histories, but also resistance, survival and joy, to acknowledge where we come from and where we are going.”  these presentations reminded me to think critically about the interplay between people, archival collections, and technology. while i see promise in the application of computational methods for understanding and expanding access to stories beyond the dominant narrative, i’m also wary of the challenges. algorithms used for facial recognition, screening job applicants, and identifying high-risk patients continue to oppress communities of color. mixed race people like myself don’t fall neatly into metadata categories and likely aren’t seen by algorithms applied to textual or visual corpora. meanwhile, libraries have started using machine learning for appraisal, description, and other laborious tasks. many collections await being described—or re-described using anti-oppressive language—and made available online. algorithms offer efficiency, but when people create them with training data which centers whiteness, they further harm communities.  another challenge is the layering of biases when working with digitized collections. we lose more than visual details and aesthetic qualities through reproductive technologies and migration of formats. there are racial consequences. we scan photographs made from color film stocks originally calibrated for light skin. art historian lyneise williams has also called attention to the erasure of black people through the high contrast process of microfilming. so what happens when we use biased machine learning models to process images that inherit white normativity?  growing digitized collections make the adoption of machine learning compelling. at the same time, an ethics of care and diverse voices are needed when new tools are being designed. knowledge produced from analyzing collections at scale will only be as inclusive as the human beings who designed the algorithms and the digitized material’s source medium. as stacey patton reminded us in her keynote, digitization isn’t a be-all and end-all, particularly when there is still the digital divide. the dlf forum inspired me to think about the opportunities and issues ahead. i hope to attend future forums where discussions on using technology in ways which uplift communities of color continue. 	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck - dlf 	 clir 	 fellowships & grants 	 dlf 	 publications 	 	 clir global 	 join 	 give 	 clir programs 	digital library federation 	dlf forum 	digital library of the middle east 	digitizing hidden special collections and archives 	recordings at risk 	mellon fellowships for dissertation research 	leading change institute 	dlf eresearch network 	postdoctoral fellowship program dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 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	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by rebecca bayeck (@rybayeck), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design & technology and comparative & international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies.  the year is, without a doubt, complex, filled with multiple challenges as well as opportunities. from remote working/online learning environments to conferencing in a virtual space, everyone has tried and is still trying to adjust to the “new normal” or maybe “new abnormal”. among those adjusting to the world of social distancing is the digital library federation (dlf) forum. the dlf forum was my first introduction to and participation in the work completed by this community of librarians and library enthusiasts.   the dlf forum was in a virtual format. though i would have loved to visit baltimore, interact in-person with my clir cohort, and experience the food culture of baltimore restaurants, the virtual space still provided a space for encounters and meaningful interactions. the conference organizers used two platforms: aviary for pre-recorded presentation viewing and slack for questions and dialogue with attendees. both platforms created a unique and complimentary online experience. for instance, each video had captions and a downloadable transcript, making the content more accessible. slack discussions created a sense of community, and gave me a sense of belonging through the interaction among participants. it was a common practice for participants through emojis to like, applaud, or reply to a post/comment (figure ). figure . slack newcomers channel dlf forms of interaction slack’s direct message option further personalized my experience of the online conference. i directly exchanged with some attendees, and established personal rapport. however, my major takeaway from the dlf forum was inclusion, shown in the accessibility efforts deployed by the organizers, and in the diversity of topics covered by presenters. the conference brought to the forefront research/topics that have received less attention in the past, and should be discussed today across disciplines and fields.  stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley presentation on can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life was so inspiring. in my view, it captured the essence of digitization and how it should be done. it is important for individuals engaged in digitization efforts to always ask whether “the value to cultural communities, researchers, or the public outweighs the potential for harm or exploitation of the people, resources, or knowledge.”  it is about not harming or causing harm to the various stakeholders who will see or engage with our final product. this balancing principle can be applied to any research, design, development, or digitization endeavors. paraphrasing stacey patton, dlf forum plenary keynote speaker, “how the knowledge came about, [who it will harm, and who will claim ownership of it] is as important as the knowledge itself.” juliet hardesty from indiana university’s presentation on mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies gave a powerful insight into why it is important to incorporate community vocabulary to broaden access to knowledge/data, and fight biases.  being a panelist in the session creating accessible and inclusive content and presenting on addressing issues of accessibility: urgency in a world of social distancing, added to my experience. my interest in issues of accessibility for blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing individuals in this era of social distancing facilitated conversation with other session presenters on the accessibility of this conference for screen reader users. from our conversation, it became obvious that the organizers needed to be commended for providing scripts and captions for the recorded videos. dee, who is blind and uses a screen reader to access contents, and micky, who is sighted, but did use a screen reader said about their experiences:  dee: i do appreciate knowing that there is a caption and there is like, the scripts and everything. it does make you feel more welcome and it does make you realize yes, they’re making an effort. applause should be given for, you know, for the effort and definitely you know even the fact there is like, an accessibility session or stream, that’s important. micky: but if i could say one thing is, i think, i know people were making efforts into making it accessible. i think applause is very much deserved. and i think keep, we got to keep trying and we gotta keep finding innovative ways of working together and collaborating. so i would want people to feel encouraged that there’s more work to be done. but let’s pursue it as a team and then pursue it together because it’s worth it. nevertheless, dee and micky did have some suggestions for creating accessible conference experiences:  dee: the first thing i may say would be to include in the planning committee. kind of representation from all the groups that you would like to have at the conference, because they will help think about, in this case, about screen readers and which tool and will it be interactive and you know if we want to make it interactive, is there an option or how can we? you know, it’s necessary for someone to think about those things…ensure to have broad representation in the planning committee, or if not in the planning committee, make a point to reach out and consult. so, engage with people with lived experience of whatever the conference you know is trying to accomplish.  micky:  if i could make a suggestion that might just be to have a panel with like, just in this particular case, disabled leaders in the glam field. you know there’s, i’m sure, a ton out there that would love to have a platform to share from the perspectives of making libraries you know, gallery’s archives, museums, accessible. maybe, it’s inviting the leaders to come and present to the whole forum. these suggestions for future conferences are so important because dee and micky had difficulties using their screen readers with slack and aviary. for instance, dee, on the day of the panel, felt she cheated by relying on micky and “by accessing the videos directly from the google drive not in aviary because then i had to figure out where the play button was and like the website was a bit clunky with jaws”. having slack and aviary added: more things you need to interact with and like, i think we know that slack is accessible, like it works with screen readers, because we could make it work, but really the extra time that you need to put into learning how to use it and use it effectively (dee).  regarding slack, micky said:  practice beforehand, which i think is helpful. if it was simpler that you could reduce that amount of time it takes to, that’s required to familiarize oneself…and then when it’s active, there’s another layer of complexity of  information overload too. because of all that activity, i think it just took me a long time. i wonder how long it would take someone who didn’t have, you know, that was pursuing this independently. attending the dlf forum was inspiring not only in terms of the topics addressed, but also in the opportunity it created for me to gain insights into the conference experience of screen reader users. it is critical in the era of online conferences to take into consideration the experiences of these attendees in the choice of conference platforms. much more can be said, and i believe it is important to not only design/plan for, but also design/plan with individuals with lived experiences (e.g., screen reader users, blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing, or individuals with cognitive abilities). 	related 	 	 	 	 read more &media="> 	 read more "> 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 arkanau listeners 	 nuanÆ listeners 	 enabl.ed , listeners 	 jérôme chassagnard , listeners 	 nearfield , listeners 	 keiss , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. we've detected that javascript is disabled in your browser. would you like to proceed to legacy twitter? yes something went wrong, but don’t fret — let’s give it another shot. university of windsor v.p. of student experience to leave role | cbc news skip to main content menu search search quick links 	news 	sports 	radio 	music 	listen live 	tv 	watch 	covid- 	local updates 	watch live 	covid- tracker 	subscribe to newsletter 	 	top stories 	local 	the national 	opinion 	world 	canada 	politics 	indigenous 	business 	health 	entertainment 	tech & science 	cbc news investigates 	go public 	shows 	about cbc news windsoruniversity of windsor v.p. of student experience to leave role the university of windsor says it has asked its associate vice-president, student experience, to leave his role "in order to support the university’s efforts to rebuild trust and make the meaningful changes necessary to be safer, more inclusive, and more equitable." social sharing ryan flannagan asked to leave role after four years cbc news · posted: dec , : pm et | last updated: december ryan flannagan, the associate vice-president student experience at the university of windsor, has left his role at the university. (katerina georgieva/cbc)university of windsor associate vice-president of student experience ryan flannagan will leave the role after four years on the job. university of windsor president rob gordon announced the move in a letter addressed to all students, faculty and staff. "the university of windsor is focused on charting the path forward with our students, faculty, staff, and the wider windsor community. in doing so the university is committed to rebuilding trust and make the necessary changes to become safer, more inclusive, and more equitable," the letter reads. the letter said the university would consult with the campus community about the process of finding a replacement. in an email to cbc news, john coleman, the director of public affairs and communications at the university, said that the university asked flannagan to leave. "ryan has been a crucial member of our team for four years and has made a vital contribution to the university of windsor," he said.  	delta chi headquarters shuts down windsor chapter over racist and hateful chat messages 	university of windsor denounces fraternity after hateful messages in private chat group revealed the change comes amid recent controversies at the university around racist incidents, including faculty using the n-word in class and members of the delta chi fraternity allegedly sent racist, homophobic, and hateful messages in a private online chat. in a message to university administrators last thursday, the group raaces, which stands for of researchers, academics & advocates of color for equity in solidarity, called for flannagan's removal, among other demands. natalie delia deckard, an assistant professor of criminology at the university of windsor who is part of raaces, responded positively to the news of his departure. "i absolutely felt relief when i read the message," she said. "i believe that we as a university are moving in the right direction with this." "it's relieving to me as a woman of colour to see an institutional commitment made real." cbc's journalistic standards and practices|about cbc news report typo or error related stories 	 delta chi headquarters shuts down windsor chapter over racist and hateful chat messages 	 university of windsor denounces fraternity after hateful messages in private chat group revealed footer links my account 	profile 	cbc gem 	newsletters connect with cbc 	facebook 	twitter 	youtube 	instagram 	mobile 	rss 	podcasts contact cbc 	submit feedback 	help centre audience relations, cbc p.o. box station a toronto, on canada, m w e toll-free (canada only): - - - tty/teletype writer: - - - about cbc 	corporate info 	sitemap 	reuse & permission 	terms of use 	privacy 	jobs 	our unions 	independent producers 	political ads registry 	adchoices services 	ombudsman 	public appearances 	commercial services 	cbc shop 	doing business with us 	renting facilities accessibility it is a priority for cbc to create a 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care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits dlf digital library federation toggle navigation 	about 	about dlf 	our staff 	our members 	governance 	dlf code of conduct 	events 	dlf year-round 	 forum: online 	past forums 	dlf forum news 	social events checklist 	child care fund 	resources 	dlf organizers’ toolkit 	blog and news 	#dlfcontribute series 	digitizing special formats 	dlf cost calculator 	dlf jobs board 	groups 	dlf working groups 	clir/dlf affiliates 	dlf membership cohorts 	get involved with groups 	opportunities 	grants and fellowships 	authenticity project 	dlf community calendar 	data curation postdocs 	community/capacity awards 	post a job/find a job 	contact 	get in touch 	stay connected 	join dlf 	our members 	benefits 	 					 dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús 	december , 	gayle 	community, dlf forum news, forum fellows 	 this post was written by ana hilda figueroa de jesús, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries. community, a repeated concept during the virtual dlf forum, transitioned from a word to a mantra. from my home in puerto rico, i listened and learned from peers who shared their professional and academic experiences. it was my first time attending this forum. lots of questions popped into my mind, particularly: why would staff insist on creating a virtual “community,” of four days duration, with an audience currently experiencing and being exposed to social injustice within their surroundings and media? what does “building a community” mean?  i would like to thank the dlf staff’s commitment. when i received notice that i was selected as a community journalist, my first observation was my last name. the correct spelling and grammar of my name are much more than my cover letter, it represents and brings value to where i come from and those who came before me. i noticed the correct inclusion of the accent mark on “de jesús.” in that moment i knew my voice would be respected in the discourse. the physical distance between attendees was no obstacle. the forum implemented digital platforms such as slack and aviary. presentations included transcripts and, since they were previously recorded, i could pause and rewind the video when a new term was introduced. if anyone had a tech problem or just wasn’t familiar with the apps, staff was available to help immediately. each speaker mentioned their preferred pronouns and acknowledged the indigenous homelands from where they spoke. being inclusive both in theory and practice was a priority. as a puerto rican woman of color with low resources, a first-generation college student and an undergraduate scholar, i saw benefit in this opportunity.   the forum sessions reminded me of particular aspects of archives as spaces of data justice, cultural and social responsibility, knowledge production, and alternate historical narratives. in mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies, juliet hardesty explained the importance of being conscious of racial categories, first nation groups, non-binary people, and others when including metadata such as subjects, genres, and languages. as an example, she discussed linked data across institutions and the distinction between “exactmatch” and “closematch.” through this conference, i sought to learn and carry out new interdisciplinary perspectives in my roles as a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian institution libraries and as an assistant to the curator and director at the history, anthropology and art museum of the university of puerto rico. one of the most relevant presentations for me was curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem by sharon mizota. she explained the anti-colonialist, anti-racist, feminist, queer, accessible, and multilingual lens of data. also, she examined taxonomy guidelines that included sensitive subject areas. to illustrate this, she reflected on adopting the terms “latinx” instead of “latino” or “hispanic,” and “homeless people” instead of “homelessness” or “tramp.”  i also attended discussions of human rights movements such as blm, community activism and digital archiving in the era of george floyd. other social matters were considered in the lightning talk titled pandemic pivot: how to take your event online, reach new audiences, and build even stronger communities, and the panel creating a virtual community for virtual reality: challenges and solutions for program building during a pandemic. another engaging talk was us latino digital humanities: recovering the past, creating the future. i would like to mention a crucial keynote by dr. linda garcia merchant when discussing chicana feminist scholar maria cotera, [the importance of understanding] “the archive as a living active experience of “encuentro” between the present and the past, with the potential to enact new strategies of allegiance and a new praxis”. i believe that this idea of encounter is linked with the dlf forum’s “building a community” proposal.  we must review our reactions and interactions with each other, including those within academia. our involvement with the writing of histories makes us judges of how and what is told. something i learned from this experience is that beyond our professional responsibilities, we have a social contract and accountability. information must be accessible to traditionally marginalized public. stories, agents and terms that once were excluded from the official narrative must be taken into consideration. the virtual dlf forum included more than spaces for education. it was about feedback, mutual aid, being open to new perspectives, and building a community.     	related 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	previous 	next 	 	   what's the dlf? networked member institutions and a robust community of practice—advancing research, learning, social justice, & the public good through the creative design and wise application of digital library technologies contact clir+dlf c/o wework (clir) th floor 	 south clark street arlington, va e: info@diglib.org elsewhere 	 twitter 	 facebook 	 linkedin 	 youtube 	 email 	 rss community calendar 				 					#dlfteach twitter chat 					december , at : pm – : pm 																more info at https://wiki.diglib.org/pedagogy 									 	 					discovering wesselmann - virtual event on archives and cr research 					december , at : pm – : pm 																discovering wesselmann: a webinar from the wpion december th, the wildenstein platter institute will host a conversation between our archivist, samantha rowe, and the project manager for the tom wesselmann catalogue raisonné, huffa frobes-cross. looking at the tom wesselmann papers and the artist’s work, huffa and samantha will discuss how archival research intersects with and supports the development of this catalogué raisonne project. the role of… 									 	 					dcmi open meeting on application profiles 					december , at : am – : pm 											online 																dcmi open meeting on application profilesdecember - : utc ( am pst, am est, pm cet)dublin core metadata initiative (dcmi) is holding an open meeting to discuss a new work product, a specification for tabular application profiles.many communities today create application profiles (aps) for their data. however, we lack a standard that would help those… 									 			more events & links here. 		 on twitter 						 								“as a first-time #dlfforum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum… https://t.co/upg pbsfs hours ago 	want to talk pedagogy and how it went in ? need ideas for ? talk with us tomorrow, tuesday, december , at… https://t.co/qgi swzs r hours ago 	libraries, archives, cultural institutions, and communities of higher learning: the job board is the place to find… https://t.co/wjnl lruc hours ago 			 			 unless otherwise indicated, content on this site is available for re-use under cc by-sa . license clir dshr's blog dshr's blog i'm david rosenthal, and this is a place to discuss the work i'm doing in digital preservation. 	risc vs. cisc 	 max ungrounding 	i rest my case 	storage media update 	even more on the ad bubble 	the order flow 	the long now 	unbanking the banked 	a note on blockchains 	liability in the software supply chain 	moxie marlinspike on decentralization 	don't say we didn't warn you 	amazon is profitable? 	open source saturation 	shout-out to gutenberg project 	lack of anti-trust enforcement 	optical media durability: update 	atlantic council report on software supply chains 	"good" news for bitcoin! 	contextual vs. behavioral advertising 	after a decade, hamr is still nearly here 	twitter fails security again 	inefficiency is good! 	bill shannon rip 	deanonymizing ethereum users dlf dlf digital library federation 	calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference the ndsa calls for volunteers to join our planning committee for the digital preservation conference. digital preservation (digipres) is the ndsa’s annual conference &# ; open to members and non-members alike &# ; focused on stewardship, curation, and preservation of digital information and cultural heritage. the meeting will take place on november - th in st. louis, missouri, just after the dlf forum.  ndsa is an affiliate of the council on library and information resources (clir) and the digital library federation (dlf), and the digipres conference is held in concert with the annual dlf forum. clir continues to monitor the ongoing covid- pandemic, and after successfully pivoting to a virtual format for , will be making a call on this for by early spring .  planning committee responsibilities include: defining a vision for the conference crafting and distributing a call for proposals reviewing and selecting proposals identifying a keynote speaker determining the conference schedule moderating sessions supporting membership through recruitment and mentorship efforts collaborating with the dlf forum planning committee on community events, equity and inclusion, and sponsorship opportunities we expect to have monthly group calls from january-november, and this year’s committee will have an exciting opportunity to creatively sustain some of the conveniences and benefits of our virtual platform as we negotiate meeting in person again.  join us by completing this form by friday, january th, and please share widely. we look forward to working with you! tricia patterson, chair jes neal, vice chair/ chair the post calls for volunteers for digital preservation conference appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon this post was written by betsy yoon (@betsyoon), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. betsy yoon (she/they) is an adjunct assistant professor and oer/reference librarian at the college of staten island, cuny and earned her mlis in . she also has a master of international affairs. she lives in occupied lenapehoking and is a longtime member of nodutdol, a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades working to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and turtle island (north america). interests include critical approaches to oer and openness, the free/libre software movement, understanding and addressing root causes over symptom management, and the role that libraries and archives can play in our collective liberation. one advantage of attending a virtual forum is the fact that you no longer have to decide between two interesting panels that are happening at the same time. before i realized that the sessions would be pre-recorded and available for viewing any time, i pored over the schedule trying to decide which of the two sessions to participate in per time block. what complicated my decision-making process was the fact that i was attending with two different angles. as a librarian, i do reference and work related to open educational resources on my campus. but i am also part of nodutdol( ), a community organization with a -year history in need of archiving and preservation. while not totally distinct (outreach is relevant for both roles, for instance), my two roles occasionally had divergent needs. for example, the monday : pm session had both “where it’s at: using gis tools for engagement and outreach at an hbcu library,” which seemed a good fit for my position in the academic library, and “linked while apart: overcoming division with linked data,” which seemed more applicable to my work with nodutdol. so you can imagine my delight when i learned that not only would the sessions be available for asynchronous viewing, but that it would also be possible to engage in discussions about the panel on slack. the panel that ended up being the most informative for my specific needs was &# ;finding a good fit: scaling best practices for born-digital material to fit the needs of diverse communities.&# ; the presenters walked us through the process of setting up a small-scale digitization project and emphasized the iterative nature of the process. as a grassroots organization, we do not have the luxury of hiring digitization experts to guide us through the process, and it has been difficult to know how and where to get started. margo padilla&# ;s saying that &# ;good enough&# ; digital preservation practices (as opposed to best practices) stood out to me as particularly relevant to my organization&# ;s needs. the description of their organization&# ;s custom modular setup and the numerous resources that the slides linked out to were also very helpful in offering some solid starting points to embark on a “good enough” digital preservation process. i also found the learn@dlf sessions to be valuable in their specificity&# ;in particular, i found the tools introduced in &# ;wax and jekyll to build minimal digital projects&# ; and &# ;oral history as data: lightweight, static tool for publishing and analyzing transcripts&# ; to be accessible in that they did not necessarily require investing time in a comprehensive platform or software and instead had relatively low barriers to entry. wax, for example, describes itself as a &# ;minimal computing project for producing digital exhibitions focused on longevity, low costs, and flexibility.&# ; while not exactly the same, the spirit behind minimal computing reminded me of splots (what the acronym stands for is not yet fixed &# ; one interpretation is smallest portable open learning technology), which are intended to have low barriers to entry and &# ;support more accessible, sustainable, and user-friendly ways to get publicly-engaged learning happening on the open web.&# ; the question of platforms and sustainability is a topic that is directly relevant to my work in open educational resources and with nodutdol, and i always love to learn about technologies that provide access to knowledge creation mechanisms without locking you in to a specific system. though the fact that this year’s dlf forum was digital was due to the constraints of the pandemic, the thoughtful way in which the experience was designed was due to the efforts of the organizers. the asynchronous viewing options, the slack interface, the provision of presentation slides and transcripts all made it possible for organizations such as mine to benefit from the expertise of the dlf community. while an in-person dlf forum will no doubt have different considerations, i hope that some of the innovations of this year will be retained for future forums to ensure wide accessibility and participation from a wide variety of organizations and individuals. as a first-time dlf forum participant, i am grateful to have been able to participate in this year’s virtual forum and look forward to continuing to learn from the dlf community! ( ) nodutdol is a grassroots organization of diasporic koreans and comrades based in lenapehoking/new york city seeking to advance peace, decolonization, and self-determination on the korean peninsula and on turtle island/north america. we advance our mission through political education, collective action, and principled solidarity. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: betsy yoon appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez this post was written by carolina hernandez (@carolina_hrndz), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy.  i have been interested in attending the dlf forum for a few years now, but the timing was never quite right until this year. with the conference being both online and free, it was a no brainer for me to finally attend. considering i am an instruction librarian, though, it may seem like an odd choice for me. however, in part because of my previous experience with curating the oregon digital newspaper project at the university of oregon, i’ve been interested in exploring the many ways digital library technologies and digital collections themselves can be incorporated into information literacy instruction. with covid- entirely moving our instruction to the online realm, this interest has become an imperative. this conference has confirmed for me that there are many ways these areas intersect and could inform my instructional approach. while many of the sessions i watched did not directly address pedagogy, there was still so much i was able to glean from the presentations that i could take back to my realm. the main thing that popped out at me was the way so many presenters addressed accessibility in one way or another. of course, this stood out the most with the “creating accessible and inclusive content” combo session, which began with rebecca bayeck’s clarification of the difference between accessibility and inclusivity, two terms that are often used interchangeably. while accessibility is more about making sure that the final product is “usable by people with all abilities,” bayeck made the important distinction that inclusivity goes a step beyond that to also make sure individuals “feel comfortable/safe when using [it].” this is something i try to keep in mind when lesson planning, how it’s important to not only make sure that students are able to access the learning materials in whatever way works best for them, but that they also find the relevance of information literacy to their own lives. in another presentation from this session, daniella levy-pinto and mark weiler noted some of these issues, such as “unlabeled buttons or links,” which can be hard to identify properly for those using screen readers. in fact, several presenters and attendees emphasized the importance of testing platforms and content with screen readers. carli spina also spoke about the importance of including audio descriptions and transcripts for audio-video content and also mentioned specific tools, such as cadet, that can help create these necessary points of access. cadet, or caption and description editing tool, is free and allows you to create captions and timed scripts, but it can also be used to more easily add audio descriptions.  it was helpful to see some of these accessibility best practices in action via the conference itself. because presentations were recorded in advance, they were able to include both closed captioning and transcripts for each one. conference coordinators encouraged attendees to make their postings in slack accessible as well by including image descriptions whenever a picture was included. this emphasized for me how it’s not only important to create accessible learning materials, but to foster a community that encourages others to follow suit. it is a helpful model for my instruction team as we move forward with helping our liaison colleagues with their own instruction. as i’ve been considering how to build lesson plans and activities around digital collections, the other session that stood out to me was the panel “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future.” the presenters gabriela baeza ventura, carolina villarroel, linda garcia merchant, and lorena gauthereau spoke about the us latino digital humanities program based at the university of houston, my current institution. this made their work immediately relevant to mine, as they are already working with part of the same community i teach. what stood out to me most, though, was their use of “omeka as pedagogy.” baeza ventura talked about her specific experience with teaching an undergraduate class wherein students used omeka to curate an exhibit, thus allowing them to “contribute to knowledge production.” this freirean approach to teaching is very much in line with our instruction team’s programmatic information literacy outcomes, which focus on encouraging students to see themselves as information creators. with a lot about the coming year still up in the air, my team and i plan to continue our efforts to strengthen both the synchronous and asynchronous online learning content we offer as it seems likely the demand for online teaching will certainly not go away. i am looking forward to bringing a lot of these ideas from the dlf community back to my department and finding ways to incorporate them into our pedagogy. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: carolina hernandez appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck this post was written by rebecca bayeck (@rybayeck), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design &# ; technology and comparative &# ; international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies.  the year is, without a doubt, complex, filled with multiple challenges as well as opportunities. from remote working/online learning environments to conferencing in a virtual space, everyone has tried and is still trying to adjust to the “new normal” or maybe “new abnormal”. among those adjusting to the world of social distancing is the digital library federation (dlf) forum. the dlf forum was my first introduction to and participation in the work completed by this community of librarians and library enthusiasts.   the dlf forum was in a virtual format. though i would have loved to visit baltimore, interact in-person with my clir cohort, and experience the food culture of baltimore restaurants, the virtual space still provided a space for encounters and meaningful interactions. the conference organizers used two platforms: aviary for pre-recorded presentation viewing and slack for questions and dialogue with attendees. both platforms created a unique and complimentary online experience. for instance, each video had captions and a downloadable transcript, making the content more accessible. slack discussions created a sense of community, and gave me a sense of belonging through the interaction among participants. it was a common practice for participants through emojis to like, applaud, or reply to a post/comment (figure ). slack&# ;s direct message option further personalized my experience of the online conference. i directly exchanged with some attendees, and established personal rapport. however, my major takeaway from the dlf forum was inclusion, shown in the accessibility efforts deployed by the organizers, and in the diversity of topics covered by presenters. the conference brought to the forefront research/topics that have received less attention in the past, and should be discussed today across disciplines and fields.  stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley presentation on can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life was so inspiring. in my view, it captured the essence of digitization and how it should be done. it is important for individuals engaged in digitization efforts to always ask whether “the value to cultural communities, researchers, or the public outweighs the potential for harm or exploitation of the people, resources, or knowledge.”  it is about not harming or causing harm to the various stakeholders who will see or engage with our final product. this balancing principle can be applied to any research, design, development, or digitization endeavors. paraphrasing stacey patton, dlf forum plenary keynote speaker, “how the knowledge came about, [who it will harm, and who will claim ownership of it] is as important as the knowledge itself.&# ; juliet hardesty from indiana university&# ;s presentation on mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies gave a powerful insight into why it is important to incorporate community vocabulary to broaden access to knowledge/data, and fight biases.  being a panelist in the session creating accessible and inclusive content and presenting on addressing issues of accessibility: urgency in a world of social distancing, added to my experience. my interest in issues of accessibility for blind/low vision, deaf/hard of hearing individuals in this era of social distancing facilitated conversation with other session presenters on the accessibility of this conference for screen reader users. from our conversation, it became obvious that the organizers needed to be commended for providing scripts and captions for the recorded videos. dee, who is blind and uses a screen reader to access contents, and micky, who is sighted, but did use a screen reader said about their experiences:  dee: i do appreciate knowing that there is a caption and there is like, the scripts and everything. it does make you feel more welcome and it does make you realize yes, they&# ;re making an effort. applause should be given for, you know, for the effort and definitely you know even the fact there is like, an accessibility session or stream, that&# ;s important. micky: but if i could say one thing is, i think, i know people were making efforts into making it accessible. i think applause is very much deserved. and i think keep, we got to keep trying and we gotta keep finding innovative ways of working together and collaborating. so i would want people to feel encouraged that there&# ;s more work to be done. but let&# ;s pursue it as a team and then pursue it together because it&# ;s worth it. nevertheless, dee and micky did have some suggestions for creating accessible conference experiences:  dee: the first thing i may say would be to include in the planning committee. kind of representation from all the groups that you would like to have at the conference, because they will help think about, in this case, about screen readers and which tool and will it be interactive and you know if we want to make it interactive, is there an option or how can we? you know, it&# ;s necessary for someone to think about those things&# ;ensure to have broad representation in the planning committee, or if not in the planning committee, make a point to reach out and consult. so, engage with people with lived experience of whatever the conference you know is trying to accomplish.  micky:  if i could make a suggestion that might just be to have a panel with like, just in this particular case, disabled leaders in the glam field. you know there&# ;s, i&# ;m sure, a ton out there read more the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: rebecca bayeck appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús this post was written by ana hilda figueroa de jesús, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries. community, a repeated concept during the virtual dlf forum, transitioned from a word to a mantra. from my home in puerto rico, i listened and learned from peers who shared their professional and academic experiences. it was my first time attending this forum. lots of questions popped into my mind, particularly: why would staff insist on creating a virtual “community,” of four days duration, with an audience currently experiencing and being exposed to social injustice within their surroundings and media? what does “building a community” mean?  i would like to thank the dlf staff’s commitment. when i received notice that i was selected as a community journalist, my first observation was my last name. the correct spelling and grammar of my name are much more than my cover letter, it represents and brings value to where i come from and those who came before me. i noticed the correct inclusion of the accent mark on “de jesús.” in that moment i knew my voice would be respected in the discourse. the physical distance between attendees was no obstacle. the forum implemented digital platforms such as slack and aviary. presentations included transcripts and, since they were previously recorded, i could pause and rewind the video when a new term was introduced. if anyone had a tech problem or just wasn&# ;t familiar with the apps, staff was available to help immediately. each speaker mentioned their preferred pronouns and acknowledged the indigenous homelands from where they spoke. being inclusive both in theory and practice was a priority. as a puerto rican woman of color with low resources, a first-generation college student and an undergraduate scholar, i saw benefit in this opportunity.   the forum sessions reminded me of particular aspects of archives as spaces of data justice, cultural and social responsibility, knowledge production, and alternate historical narratives. in mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies, juliet hardesty explained the importance of being conscious of racial categories, first nation groups, non-binary people, and others when including metadata such as subjects, genres, and languages. as an example, she discussed linked data across institutions and the distinction between “exactmatch&# ; and “closematch.” through this conference, i sought to learn and carry out new interdisciplinary perspectives in my roles as a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian institution libraries and as an assistant to the curator and director at the history, anthropology and art museum of the university of puerto rico. one of the most relevant presentations for me was curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem by sharon mizota. she explained the anti-colonialist, anti-racist, feminist, queer, accessible, and multilingual lens of data. also, she examined taxonomy guidelines that included sensitive subject areas. to illustrate this, she reflected on adopting the terms “latinx” instead of “latino” or “hispanic,” and “homeless people” instead of “homelessness” or “tramp.”  i also attended discussions of human rights movements such as blm, community activism and digital archiving in the era of george floyd. other social matters were considered in the lightning talk titled pandemic pivot: how to take your event online, reach new audiences, and build even stronger communities, and the panel creating a virtual community for virtual reality: challenges and solutions for program building during a pandemic. another engaging talk was us latino digital humanities: recovering the past, creating the future. i would like to mention a crucial keynote by dr. linda garcia merchant when discussing chicana feminist scholar maria cotera, [the importance of understanding] “the archive as a living active experience of “encuentro” between the present and the past, with the potential to enact new strategies of allegiance and a new praxis”. i believe that this idea of encounter is linked with the dlf forum’s “building a community” proposal. we must review our reactions and interactions with each other, including those within academia. our involvement with the writing of histories makes us judges of how and what is told. something i learned from this experience is that beyond our professional responsibilities, we have a social contract and accountability. information must be accessible to traditionally marginalized public. stories, agents and terms that once were excluded from the official narrative must be taken into consideration. the virtual dlf forum included more than spaces for education. it was about feedback, mutual aid, being open to new perspectives, and building a community. &# ; &# ; the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: ana hilda figueroa de jesús appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko this post was written by arabeth balasko, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms. she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win! the dawn of the great archival shift over centuries, archives and archivists have been heralded as the keepers, the stewards of records, stories, and collective memory. however, at times this stewardship has come from a place of exclusion, centered heavily around white, english-speaking experiences. countless stories, memories, and events have been omitted from the larger historical narrative or have been rewritten from a skewed perspective. now (and unfortunately for centuries) racism and police brutality has permeated our country’s history. lack of racial equity has led to whitewashed and white supremacy-based collection policies that are geared towards uplifting and showcasing one-sided narratives, while often overlooking, overwriting, and suppressing contributions and accolades of black, indigenous, and people of color. so many times, it is easier for folks in the glam sectors to claim neutrality, to leave it to the next generation, to look the other way, and focus only on the past and occasionally, the present. from being overworked, under-supported, and oftentimes misunderstood, archivists have grown tired, and with tiredness comes apathy. other times it is simply not knowing what to do and/or not having the “authority” to make actual changes in an organization. this too leads to burnout, turnover, and once again, apathy. the humanities profession’s lack of diversity and equity has engrained a culture of dysfunction in several of the glam organizations across the country. during the dlf forum, it was apparent that i was not the only person who felt this way. several of the sessions focused on how to become a more proactive, mindful, and accountable steward, while also taking care of your own mental health and well-being. from practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques, to reflecting upon language choices in metadata and/or finding aids, to reviewing your institution’s digitally available content for equity and inclusiveness; this conference truly spoke to my soul in many different ways. however, during the conference, one overarching question that i continued asking myself was – “how can i, as an archivist, ensure that all folks feel represented in an archive? is this possible?” upon a week’s reflection and allowing myself some time to digest the rich information and ideas posed during these diverse sessions, i came to reframe my question as, “what can we as archivists do to support the fight for archival equity?” in my opinion, one big step archival repositories and the archivists in those repositories can take is to not promote the idea of neutrality. oftentimes, archives can shy away from hard histories, hard conversations – they can minimize hurts, and maximize virtues, but i feel that is a misstep. history is ugly, sad, beautiful, heartwarming, heartbreaking, and real. it happened. you cannot change that. but you can work to showcase how it happened, why it happened, and help reshape it for today’s generation through modernized lenses. by uplifting the stories and voices of bipoc folks, which have traditionally been omitted from the collected narrative for centuries, and reinterpreting and reclaiming the stories of those lost, overwritten, and marginalized throughout history, archival repositories can truly become beacons of change throughout the glam sectors. many folks, especially those who identify as bipoc, feel they are not represented in an archive – or if they are, their stories and experiences have been retold without their voice, their input, or their permission. as an archivist it is so important to work to build relationships and connections with communities and foster and tend to those relationships over the years. so many times, archival organizations take on collections, sign deeds of gift, and then the relationship ends. i think this is a huge misstep for any archival repository. by investing in communities – communities will invest in you. with each new generation comes new opportunities to promote equity and accountability throughout archival repositories. each generation of archivists should be reflecting and reevaluating how stories are (and traditionally have been) collected, maintained, presented, and made (or not made) accessible. i cannot tell you how many times i have worked with patrons, students, and volunteers, who have expressed to me that they feel that they are not represented, they are not “seen” amongst the archival collections they are exploring. it truly breaks my heart, and it means that we, as archival professionals are falling short, and we need to do better and be better for all users. i feel that inclusivity is key to create a well-rounded narrative, where users/patrons/researchers/etc. can “see themselves” reflected in the archives and collections. it has been my experience that when someone feels invested in and has input to how they are being represented, there is a higher propensity for folks to champion for the survival and continuation of an archive. by getting community members and groups invested in telling their story, identifying themselves in their own way and own language/words, and by not leaving it up to the archivist to make assumptions, collections that are taken in become more authentic and personal. during this conference, i also reflected a lot on the right to be remembered and the right to be forgotten. nobody owes anyone their story. it is so important for archivists (including myself) to remember that. some stories are too painful for folks to share, some are not ready (and may never be), and some are read more the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: arabeth balasko appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado this post was written by jocelyn hurtado, who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations to come. ms. hurtado also has experience promoting collections through exhibits, presentations, instructional sessions, and other outreach activities which includes the development and execution of an informative historical web-series video podcast.  ms. hurtado earned her associate degree in anthropology from miami-dade college and a bachelor of arts in anthropology from the university of florida. she also completed the georgia archives institute program.  this year has been full of new experiences and we all have faced the challenges of adapting to the new professional realities of relying on technology to complete our work, promoting the goals of our organization all while staying connected with communities we serve virtually. our phones and laptops are now on the top of the list of tools we cannot function without and it’s arguably just as valuable as a pencil or finding aid to an archivist, at least from my own personal experience. as a first-time attendee and a community journalist, i was excited and unsure of how the dlf forum would operate on a virtual platform. like millions around the world i’ve been working remotely for months and learned to adapt but i was still hesitant on how attendees would be able to truly connect to the panelist, fellow attendees and with the subject of each talk remotely. it is no secret that librarians, archivists, historians or anyone in a related field have a tendency to be introverted and from my own personal experience starting a conversation, connecting with others and networking can be stressful. however, i was quickly positively surprised on how easy it was to start a conversation at the conference. i enjoyed the slack application in which attendees were able to share thoughts, ideas and pose questions about each session. i certainly viewed more opinions, concepts and panels virtually than i probably would have in person. i liked the fact that i could have access to the sessions anytime which is great for anyone who has a busy schedule as well as any problems accessing the videos due to the digital divide caused by finances or other factors such as remoteness or environmental factors such as hurricanes or storms. in the opening plenary i was delighted to hear the acknowledgement of the indigenous people and their lands in regards to the location of the original conference and area that was being discussed. the keynote speaker, dr. stacy patton, was simply incredible and asked us to grapple with a very important question: do black lives matter in galleries, libraries, archives and museums? i believe we all know and can say historically the answer is no, black lives have systematically been erased and unwelcome in these spaces. has become the year of reckoning for some institutions and for many in this field that have been part of this problem. thus, the question becomes what now? how can meaningful and genuine change come about? there is no one size fits all plan and up to in the field to do the work and realize there will never be a timeline or an exact moment where it will be marked as done. i had the opportunity to ask dr. patton a question and was also able to see other questions posed by fellow attendees. it created a hub for sharing experiences and problems encountered in our own institutions which was able to foster a connected moment and experience. dr. patton hit the nail on the head when reciting the claude mckay poem, “if we must die.” it was a couple of days before election day and oh how the words aptly describe the current era and the rawness of it all. during her speech i reflected on the work of schomberg and many other black intellectuals whose worked and made centers were black lives do matter and their stories were properly preserved. i also reflected on my experience working at a black community repository, in a space made for black lives to matter. i also recognize another important question: which black lives matter in these spaces? women, individuals overlooked due to their sexual orientation, and those from a lower socioeconomic status or position have had their stories overlooked. there is so much work to be done and this has encouraged and highlighted the importance of pushing the boundaries and the sharing of ideas. the recording restorative justice and accountability: the burnham-nobles digital archive presented by gina nortonsmith, raymond wilkes, amanda rust and drew facklam was inspiring. the work done by the team of telling the stories of victims and giving a voice is imperative. prior to this session i did not know of the civil rights and the restorative justice project and was glad to learn about the research being conducted along with support policy initiatives on racial hate crimes during the jim crow era and that justice is still being pursued for the victims and their families. the statement “i like to think of the investigator as the foundation for an archive, while the archivist is the architect and engineer, providing structure and organization in order to complete the building, i.e. the archive” by raymond wilkes beautifully explained the importance of the collaborative efforts and the relationship member of the team had to the task. i am looking forward to next year&# ;s dlf forum and hope/expect it to continue the focus on the community. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: jocelyn hurtado appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge this post was written by melde rutledge (@melderutledge), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. melde rutledge is the digital collections librarian at wake forest university’s z. smith reynolds library. he is responsible for leading the library’s digitization services—primarily in support of zsr’s special collections and archives, as well as providing support for university departments.  he earned his mlis from the university of north carolina at greensboro, and has served in librarianship for approximately years. his background also includes years of newspaper journalism, where he wrote news, sports, and feature articles for several locally published newspapers in north carolina.  he currently lives in winston-salem, nc, with his wife and three sons. since , i’ve appreciated the opportunity to attend and participate in the annual dlf forum. i look forward to the great takeaways to share with my colleagues back home. let’s also not forget the wonderful venues where the forum takes place (las vegas, tampa, etc.). needless to say, a global pandemic emerged this year, resulting in the dlf forum to occur virtually.  as i reflect on this year’s installment of the dlf forum, it’s difficult not to compare the forum’s first virtual event with the previous in-person gatherings—particularly in regards to size. the fact that the event had more than , registered participants is a testament to the popularity and value of dlf. being that it also surpassed the overall in-person attendance record (just over people) of the dlf forum in pittsburgh is also noteworthy. the segment that i look forward to the most from the dlf forums are the opening plenaries, because of its great keynote speakers. stacey patton provided an excellent talk highlighting the significance of preserving the black experience in galleries, libraries, archives, and museums (glams)—covering several cohesive themes during her one-hour-plus speech—including the covid- pandemic, hiring diverse staff in glams, america&# ;s ongoing issue with racism, and the social and racial parallels of then and now.  one of my key takeaways of her talk is spotlighting the need for institutions to be “ready and equipped” during the pandemic to educate students. this was suggested to be accomplished by providing research materials remotely, but also asking, “what difference does this make that we’re digitizing things? how is this power to be used to protect documents when we may not know their importance? what about the digital divide and access to these materials?” these indeed are very important thoughts to me, as a key role of my work is providing digital access to materials tucked away within our special collections and archives. and it was great that presenters addressed patton’s questions throughout the dlf sessions. “‘can we digitize this? should we?’” navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life” is a great example. this was presented by stacy reardon and michael lange from uc berkeley library. i was impressed with their digital lifecycle program, and the ethical considerations embedded within their workflow. i have interest in seeing how institutions confront the issue regarding the digitization of materials of underprivileged groups, as well as how they approach the handling of culturally sensitive materials, accessibility, and appropriate metadata creation. as julie hardesty pointed out in her presentation entitled, “mitigating bias through controlled vocabularies,” when working with metadata, you can become familiar with several widely used controlled vocabularies. however, working with large common vocabularies can “paint broad strokes that cover up more than they should, that generalize or simplify too much, and show the biases of dominant groups such as the white male viewpoint. additionally, the process to change and update terms can be slow to keep up.” when i listen to presentations on this theme, speakers routinely note the value of incorporating community engagement. a nice example of this was shared during the presentation, “curationist: designing a metadata standard and taxonomy for an open cultural ecosystem.” curationist.org is a site that finds and collects important cultural and historical resources that are within the public domain. as explained by presenter sharon mizota, community users will be able to include their own metadata to records on this site.  overall, i salute all the organizers and presenters for producing an impressive dlf program. and kudos to the partnership between clir/dlf and the hbcu library alliance. as an hbcu graduate, i appreciate programming that covers how hbcus approach digitization, and the stories behind the unique materials that are digitally preserved, especially amid the covid- pandemic. covid- is indeed a big factor in how many of us in this profession are conducting decision making. the wealth of relevant content in this year’s dlf was very timely in this regard. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: melde rutledge appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman this post was written by amanda guzman, who was selected to be one of this year&# ;s virtual dlf forum community journalists. amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct.  on belonging: there is that decisive moment for me at every academic conference that i’ve ever attended – whether it is one that i frequent regularly (even annually) or one that i’m trying out for the first time like the dlf forum this year – where i’m sketching out my trajectory of movement and negotiating what my belonging might look like in the space. this moment exists in the scanning of the conference program and translating of different panel abstracts. this moment exists in those standstill seconds in the threshold of a panel room as you decide whether to enter or not, perhaps as you notice a familiar or friendly face.  our current pandemic moment has transformed how we collectively gather in profound ways and brought into sharp relief the pre-existing structural social inequities of access. and yet, the decisive moment of my new belonging in the space of the dlf forum was from a distance, and yet was not solitary beginning with a wave of introductions among first-time attendees and offers by long-time forum-goers of support on slack and extending to the generosity of time, experience, and transparency offered to me by my dlf mentor, maggie mccready in our zoom conversations. the decisive moment ultimately resolved, as i left the metaphorical door threshold to take a seat, during dr. stacy patton’s keynote as she seamlessly moved between commentary on national news, archival text, pedagogical practice and her own powerful personal narrative of coming to belong in spaces not made for her experience and of coming to build new spaces of belonging.  activating the archive by reframing history as practice: one of the most compelling interventions that dr. patton articulated in her keynote speech was a call for the dlf community to reframe their implicit understanding of history not only as a physical archive of a material past but also as an active departure point for our contemporary reorientation and empowerment. interweaving meaning and purpose across institutional case-studies, she referred to the concept of “historical touchstones” that present us with “context, guidance, and perspective” that have the analytical potential to ground our experience in the positionalities as a “keeper of knowledge” with a “traditional role of being…guide” to students.     keepers of knowledge: this proposal of mobilizing history towards how we critically approach our present-day practice in the field echoed throughout the subsequent forum presentations and was especially materialized for me in the citational acts of emphasizing a theoretical focus on an ethics of care. in the “combo session: implementing responsible workflows and practices,” ethics of care was centered in an appreciation for “relationships with uneven power relations,” a methodological re-framing of both those actors who study and those communities who are studied as equal “independent rational subjects” and a researcher responsibility to identify the multi-faceted capacity of archival work to inflict harm. this work was discussed, for example, with the case-study of the archival process at the university of california, berkeley for selecting indigenous cultural material for digitization and if to be digitized, under what terms of public access. in other words, professional ways of working were recast beyond the technicalities of how archival material may be best processed and digitally preserved to include and more importantly, to privilege a recognition of academic histories of community extraction and an opportunity for academic futures of more collaborative, equitable workflows.   student guides: building on this important reflection on institutional practices, the us latino dh panel entitled, “recovering the past, creating the future” brought the historically based practice conversation into the context of the undergraduate classroom. during their presentation, i was reminded of dr. patton’s earlier caution that digital work could not be the “end all be all” (even among undergraduates who are often thought to be “digital natives”) given how it is “alien to flow of time…nuances” and “abbreviates how we understand things”.  presenters carolina villarroel, gabriela baeza ventura, lorena gauthereau and linda garcia merchant accepted the challenge and outlined a pedagogical design that built a student theoretical consciousness of the silences inherent in archival representations of the human experience and equipped students methodologically through programs like omeka to emerge as digital storytellers of new stories. moreover, the presenters destabilized the curatorial authority of collection-holding institutions by decolonizing where and how we locate archives with models such as post-custodial archives (describing archival management in which the community maintains physical custody of material records) and migrant archives. both panels therefore expanded the boundaries of what constitutes archival practice – in terms of how we keep existing knowledge and how we teach knowledge production – by expanding what we care for to who we care with. at the close:             aliya reich, program manager for conferences and events at the digital library federation, remarked at the start of the forum that the goal of our gathering was “building community while apart”.  joy banks, program officer at the council on library and information resources, responded on slack to a participant struggling with the digital conference platform that “there is no behind this year”.  together, their words bring me – in concert with dr. patton’s keynote assertion of our roles as “guardians of the past and present” and “architects of read more the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: amanda guzman appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black this post was written by shelly black (@shellyyblack), who was selected to be one of this year’s virtual dlf forum community journalists. shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters. shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua. the weekend protests began in response to george floyd’s murder, i was driving across the country for my first post-mlis job. i listened to the radio, scrolled through the news and felt the country in pain. reflecting on how volatile has been, i’m grateful that the dlf forum was freely open to all and held online. as a graduate student, my exposure to digital curation and preservation focused on theory more than practice. so i was eager to learn about current strategies and tools. considering the anti-racist commitments made recently by numerous organizations, i also looked forward to hearing about projects to improve discoverability of marginalized people in the historical record. many sessions covered computational methods used by librarians, archivists, and researchers to improve our understanding of, and increase access to, digitized materials. juan manuel garcía fernández and nickoal eichmann-kalwara presented on “digital el diario and archival justice in the digital humanities graduate classroom.” their work involved creating a corpus from a digitized s chicanx newspaper and showing students how to use text analysis tools, such as mallet and voyant, for the purpose of historical recovery. in “images as data with computer vision,” carol chiodo shared that harvard university library is using a python package to analyze and provide descriptive metadata at scale for photographic collections. this includes protest photography, so the project will also result in the creation of ethical guidelines for applying automation to sensitive materials. throughout the forum, a theme that resonated with me was the ethics of care. i learned how multiple presenters have adopted this feminist approach that emphasizes relationships and considers power imbalances. during “can we digitize this? should we? navigating ethics, law, and policy in bringing collections to digital life,” stacy reardon explained that she adopts an ethics of care when deciding whether to make materials available online. she noted how this framework urges us to consider the potential for harm not just to individuals but also communities. lorena gauthereau, one of the panel members of “us latino dh: recovering the past, creating the future,” imparted that community outreach should be approached with an ethics of care. she said we have a responsibility to make the people represented in archives feel valued, which can be achieved through post-custodial methods, consent, decolonial spaces, and trusting relationships. as a mexican japanese american, increasing representation and reclaiming the humanity of historically oppressed people has personal significance. i wholeheartedly agree with gauthereau who expressed:  “by recovering the past, we can project toward our future. while working with recovered archives, we make space for healing by making visible not only painful histories, but also resistance, survival and joy, to acknowledge where we come from and where we are going.”  these presentations reminded me to think critically about the interplay between people, archival collections, and technology. while i see promise in the application of computational methods for understanding and expanding access to stories beyond the dominant narrative, i’m also wary of the challenges. algorithms used for facial recognition, screening job applicants, and identifying high-risk patients continue to oppress communities of color. mixed race people like myself don’t fall neatly into metadata categories and likely aren’t seen by algorithms applied to textual or visual corpora. meanwhile, libraries have started using machine learning for appraisal, description, and other laborious tasks. many collections await being described—or re-described using anti-oppressive language—and made available online. algorithms offer efficiency, but when people create them with training data which centers whiteness, they further harm communities.  another challenge is the layering of biases when working with digitized collections. we lose more than visual details and aesthetic qualities through reproductive technologies and migration of formats. there are racial consequences. we scan photographs made from color film stocks originally calibrated for light skin. art historian lyneise williams has also called attention to the erasure of black people through the high contrast process of microfilming. so what happens when we use biased machine learning models to process images that inherit white normativity?  growing digitized collections make the adoption of machine learning compelling. at the same time, an ethics of care and diverse voices are needed when new tools are being designed. knowledge produced from analyzing collections at scale will only be as inclusive as the human beings who designed the algorithms and the digitized material’s source medium. as stacey patton reminded us in her keynote, digitization isn’t a be-all and end-all, particularly when there is still the digital divide. the dlf forum inspired me to think about the opportunities and issues ahead. i hope to attend future forums where discussions on using technology in ways which uplift communities of color continue. the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: shelly black appeared first on dlf. 	dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom this post was written by hsiu-ann tom, who was selected to be one of this year&# ;s virtual dlf forum community journalists. hsiu-ann is the digital archivist at the amistad research center in new orleans, la where her work focuses on born digital collection development. she received her masters in library and information science with a concentration in archives management from simmons university in boston in . she is a graduate of columbia university (ba, sociology) and harvard university (ma, religion and politics), and is a member of the academy of certified archivists. prior to working in the archival field, hsiu-ann served in the united states army intelligence field as a cryptolinguistic analyst, attending the defense language institute in monterey, california. before coming to amistad, hsiu-ann worked on the archives staff of boston university’s howard gotlieb archival research center working with the military historical society of massachusetts collection. she recently obtained the society of american archivist digital archivist specialist certification and enjoys supporting students and new professionals in their educational development through her work as a member of saa’s graduate archival education committee.   i am thankful for the opportunity to have helped cover this year&# ;s conference as one of community journalists. given all of the challenges of , i was looking forward to hearing how my colleagues were finding ways to navigate unfamiliar situations and overcome obstacles. as a new graduate in my first full-time position out of library school, it was both inspiring and encouraging to listen to so many in the field describe their innovations over the course of the conference. i am thankful to the conference organizers and attendees for assembling such a rich program for everybody to enjoy. as i gathered my thoughts about what to write, i was overwhelmed by the achievements and innovations of the dlf community. each session was packed with more information than i could absorb and it was a joy to hear such dedicated professionals talk about their work. yet, when i thought about the conference experience, what stuck out to me the most was the conference design itself and its alignment with dlf&# ;s mission and values. i considered the introductory comments of charles henry and the dlf mission: dlf: advancing research, learning, social justice, &# ; the public good through the creative design &# ; wise application of digital library technology the conference felt like a model for how to implement these community values. it was exciting to see ideas in action and to feel like i was included in that as a newcomer to this group. from before the start of the conference, i appreciated the efforts of conference staff to make conference content accessible to attendees of all abilities. in light of the pandemic and the turn to online communication platforms, transcription and closed captioning services for the hearing impaired are sometimes overlooked by conference organizers. as a us army veteran with hearing impairment who does not read lips, this was something i struggled with on my own until this year when online meetings meant i had to start asking for more accommodations. this is not always a comfortable or easy thing for anyone to do despite how accepting society says we are to helping those who need accommodations. dlf conference staff began reaching out by email prior to the conference to address these concerns and confirm the availability of captioning and transcription services for all sessions &# ; something that has not been my experience at other conferences. on the first day of the conference when i could not understand how to make the captioning features work, dlf had staff on hand via zoom link to jump on a screen share to show me how things worked on the aviary platform in real time. they emailed me links to sessions i missed, coached me through the features as i tested the captioning, showed me how transcriptions worked and even where i could have emailed transcripts of the conference sessions and slide notes to access at a later time. normally i would have to stop videos and play them back multiple times to get content for note taking. personally, these tools meant participating in the conference with fewer distractions and less stress. as the conference progressed, i thought more about the importance of these tools for our user community and how we can employ them to improve their experiences. dr. stacey patton&# ;s words during her opening address stayed with me throughout the conference as i considered the topic of accessibility in my daily work. she asked attendees to consider our role as archivists. as a new archivist trying to develop policies, procedures and workflows that encourage access and use for those coming to my archive, how can i perform my work more inclusively? are there communities being overlooked? what needs are going unmet and how do i address them? current discussions and work around accessibility are critical to ensuring that all patrons have access to the work we perform. the dlf forum was a great experience for me in that i was able to learn about new tools to help with accessibility like otter.ai and how to use it. i also learned about adjusting on the fly, accepting that sometimes technology will malfunction even with the best laid plans, having a backup plan to back up your plan is a great plan and finally, asking your community of peers for help may be your best plan. i am fortunate to have been able to attend dlf this year and to see the hard work of so many colleagues on display, learn new skills and connect with a community of professionals working in my field. there are many ways organizations demonstrate to their community of users &# ;you are welcome here. we want you here and you are part of this community.&# ; these simple steps taken by the dlf conference team through the accessibility tools helped me to feel part of the community this year. thank you to staff who provided assistance with read more the post dlf forum community journalist reflection: hsiu-ann tom appeared first on dlf. 	announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix  portuguese translations of the levels of digital preservation matrix  the ndsa is pleased to announce that version ( ) of the levels matrix has been translated into portuguese by laura vilela r. rezende. this document enriches the scientific studies on digital preservation and research data curation developed by the brazilian research group of which the researcher is part: the research network &# ; driade: digital preservation studies and practices   links to these documents are found below as well as on the levels of digital preservation osf project page: https://osf.io/qgz / v . ( )  if you would be interested in translating the levels of digital preservation v . into another language please contact us at ndsa.digipres@gmail.com.    tradução para o português da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital de   a ndsa tem o prazer de anunciar que a versão . ( ) da matriz dos níveis de preservação digital foi traduzida para o português por laura vilela r. rezende. este documento enriquece os estudos científicos sobre preservação digital e curadoria de dados de pesquisa desenvolvidos pelo grupo de pesquisa brasileiro do qual a pesquisadora faz parte:  rede de pesquisa driade &# ; estudos e práticas de preservação digital  a seguir os links para acesso a este documentos. É possível acessar também pela página do projeto osf: https://osf.io/qgz / v . ( )   caso tenha interesse em traduzir os níveis de preservação digital v . em outro idioma, por favor entre em contato conosco pelo e-mail: ndsa.digipres@gmail.com   the post announcing a portuguese translation of the levels of digital preservation matrix  appeared first on dlf. 	 additions to ndsa membership in summer and fall since the spring of , the ndsa leadership unanimously voted to welcome new members. each of these new members brings a host of skills and experience to our group. please help us welcome: arizona state university library: with many of their materials from local indigenous and latinx communities, the library is working with researchers from these communities to archive and preserve collections and artifacts unique to our region, making them accessible for generations to come. arkevist: a civil society that specializes in historical and genealogical research discoverygarden: for more than a decade, discoverygarden has been building trusted repositories and digital asset management systems for organizations around the world. global connexions: for two decades federick zarndt has provided consulting services to cultural heritage organizations and has contributed to ndsa, ala, ifla and alto. lyrasis: they are the non-profit organizational home of several open source projects that are focused on collecting, organizing, and ensuring long-term access to digital content including dspace, archivesspace, collectionspace, islandora, fedora repository, and duracloud.  michigan digital preservation network: mdpn is an imls-grant funded initiative to build a member-run statewide distributed digital preservation network with members ranging from libraries, archives, museums, and historical societies with the primary purpose of preserving cultural heritage materials robert l. bogomolny library &# ; university of baltimore: robert l. bogomolny library is in the midst of a five year digital preservation implementation based upon results derived from conducting institutional readiness and digital preservation capability maturity model exercises. their special collections and archives hold sizable digital collection materials, including tbs of digitized local tv news. university of pennsylvania libraries: the penn libraries are working on many digital preservation activities, including but not limited to the ongoing development of a samvera repository, web archiving initiatives, conducting a pilot of two preservation storage systems, and developing governance for workflows and policies in order to have robust and programmatic digital preservation practices. university of victoria libraries: the uvic libraries are currently involved in a number of digital preservation-related infrastructure projects, including council of prairie and pacific university libraries (coppul) archivematica-as-a-service and westvault (a lockss-based preservation storage network), and serve as infrastructure hosts for the canadian government information preservation network (cgi-pn), the public knowledge project preservation network (pkp-pn), and perma.cc.  university of wisconsin-milwaukee: over the past five years uwm has formed a digital preservation community of practice whose aim is to identify common digital preservation issues across departments and shared tools and workflows.  uwm also co-founded the digital preservation expertise group (dpeg), a university of wisconsin system-wide group that shares digital preservation expertise, develops training, and investigates shared resources across all thirteen uw system libraries. each organization has participants in one or more of the various ndsa interest and working groups – so keep an eye out for them on your calls and be sure to give them a shout out. please join me in welcoming our new members. to review our list of members, you can see them here. ~ dan noonan, vice chair of the coordinating committee the post additions to ndsa membership in summer and fall appeared first on dlf. 	announcing spanish translations for the and levels matrix the ndsa is pleased to announce that both the original ( ) and version ( ) of the levels matrix  have been translated into spanish by our colleagues from mexico and spain, dr. david leija (universidad autónoma de tamaulipas) and dr. miquel térmens (universitat de barcelona). drs. leija and térmens are academic researchers and founders of apredig (ibero-american association for digital preservation), a non-profit organization focused on spreading the importance of good practices of digital preservation for the spanish-speaking community. links to these documents are found below as well as on the levels of digital preservation osf project pages: (https://osf.io/qgz /) and (https://osf.io/ ya c/) as well as below. v . ( ) https://osf.io/wpdn &# ; http://www.apredig.org/npdndsa / v . ( )  https://osf.io/egjk &# ; http://www.apredig.org/npdndsa / in addition, miquel térmens and david leija have written a report analyzing and documenting the use of the ndsa levels in public and private organizations in spain, mexico, brazil and switzerland.  the methodology of digital preservation audits with ndsa levels, can be found in spanish here and should be cited as found below.   térmens, miquel; leija, david ( ). “methodology of digital preservation audits with ndsa levels”. el profesional de la información, v. , n. , pp. - . https://doi.org/ . /epi. .may. &# ; https://fima.ub.edu/pub/termens/docs/epi-v n .pdf  if you would be interested in translating the levels of digital preservation v . into another language please contact us at ndsa.digipres@gmail.com.    traducciones al español de la matriz de niveles de preservación digital y la ndsa se complace en anunciar que tanto la versión original como la versión de la matriz de niveles de preservación digital han sido traducidas al español por nuestros colegas investigadores de méxico y españa, el dr. david leija (universidad autónoma de tamaulipas) y el dr. miquel térmens (universitat de barcelona). térmens y leija son investigadores académicos fundadores de apredig (asociación iberoamericana de preservación digital), una organización sin ánimo de lucro enfocada en difundir la importancia de las buenas prácticas de preservación digital para la comunidad hispanohablante. los enlaces a estos documentos traducidos se encuentran a continuación, así como en las páginas del proyecto osf de niveles de preservación digital: ((https://osf.io/qgz /) y (https://osf.io/ ya c/). v . ( ) https://osf.io/wpdn &# ; http://www.apredig.org/npdndsa / v . ( )  https://osf.io/egjk &# ; http://www.apredig.org/npdndsa / adicionalmente, miquel térmens y david leija han escrito un reporte analizando y documentando el uso de los niveles ndsa en organizaciones públicas y privadas de españa, méxico, brasil y suiza. la auditoría de preservación digital con ndsa levels, se puede encontrar en español aquí y debe citarse como se encuentra a continuación.   térmens, miquel; leija, david ( ). “auditoría de preservación digital con ndsa levels”. el profesional de la información, v. , n. , pp. - .      https://doi.org/ . /epi. .may. &# ; https://fima.ub.edu/pub/termens/docs/epi-v n .pdf  si está interesado en traducir los niveles de preservación digital v . en otros idiomas por favor póngase en contacto en ndsa.digipres@gmail.com.  &# ; the post announcing spanish translations for the and levels matrix appeared first on dlf. 	ndsa announces winners of innovation awards the ndsa established its innovation awards in to recognize and encourage innovation in the field of digital stewardship.  since then, it has honored exemplary educators, future stewards, individuals, institutions, and projects for their efforts in ensuring the ongoing viability and accessibility of our valuable digital heritage. the ndsa innovation awards are generously sponsored by digital bedrock. today, ndsa adds new awardees to that honor roll during the opening plenary ceremony of the ndsa digital preservation conference.   these winners were selected from the largest pool of nominees so far in the awards’ history: nominations of nominees.  while the pool size made the judging more difficult, the greater breadth, depth, and quality of the nominations is a positive sign for the preservation community, as it is indicative of the growing maturity and robustness of the field.  this year’s awardees continue to reflect a recent trend towards an increasingly international perspective and recognition of the innovative contributions by and for historically underrepresented and marginalized communities.  please help us congratulate these awardees!  we encourage you to follow-up in learning more about their activities and the ways in which they have had a profound beneficial impact on our collective ability to protect and make accessible our valuable digital heritage. educators are recognized for innovative approaches and access to digital preservation through academic programs, partnerships, professional development opportunities, and curriculum development.  this year’s awardees in the educators category are: library juice academy certificate in digital curation.  this program, launched in , encompasses a six-course sequence for library, archives and museum practitioners wanting to learn more about and expand their skill sets for curating and maintaining unique digital assets. the curriculum offers comprehensive coverage of collection development and appraisal, description, rights and access, digital preservation, and professional ethics and responsible stewardship.  the program’s affordability, flexible scheduling, and online pedagogy encouraging engaged collaborative learning provides a unique opportunity for professional development and continuing education.  in particular, the emphasis placed on ethics and sustainability provides an appropriate counterpoint to other more technically-focused topics, drawing needed attention to critical issues of policy, finance, equity, and diversity. international council on archive (ica) africa programme digital records curation programme.  the programme supports the professional development of new generations of digital archivists and records managers in africa, a geographic and cultural region historically marginalized and underrepresented in international digital stewardship discourse, practice, and education. the programme’s volunteer-taught study school uses open access readings and open source tools to minimize technical resource and financial impediments to participation, and to encourage creative repurposing of pedagogic materials in the participants’ local contexts.  the programme also provides financial support for early-career practitioners and educators across the african continent to attend and learn, share their own teaching techniques and insights, and to build a professional research and teaching network.  parallel instructional opportunities are offered for anglophone and francophone participants.  with a focus on “training the trainers”, the digital records curation programme promotes the development of maturing cohorts of stewardship practitioners and the growing professionalism of digital preservation activities focused on long-term stewardship of africa’s vital digital heritage. &# ; future stewards are recognized as students and early-career professionals or academics taking a creative approach to advancing knowledge of digital preservation issues and practices.  these year’s awardees in the future stewards category are: sawood alam.   a phd candidate at old dominion university, sawood has been an active participant in the digital preservation community via the international internet preservation consortium, the acm/ieee joint conference on digital libraries, and other communities for years, presenting and reporting on the complex topics, like holdings of web archives, decentralized systems, archival fixity, web packaging, and more. as a developer and systems architect, sawood is a strong advocate for open-source and open-access tools, and has offered courses and lectures on various programming languages like linux, python, ruby on rails, and more. a mentor to new graduate students and researchers, sawood will join the internet archive after graduation, leveraging his engineering experience and his academic experience to perform outreach to research groups interested in making use of the wayback machine’s holdings. &# ; &# ; carolina quezada meneses.  as an intern, carolina worked on a variety of projects that ranged from exploring new tools and software that help preserve, manage, and provide access to born-digital material, and helped develop a remote processing workflow that enabled university of california, irvine (uci) staff to work on the organization’s digital backlog while working from home during the coronavirus pandemic.  however, it is meneses’s work with the christine tamblyn papers — which included numerous macintosh-formatted floppy disks and cd-roms — that deserves additional praise: faced with ample technical challenges to providing access, quezada created disk images of the floppy disks and cd-roms with specialized hardware, found a compatible emulator, and created screencast videos of the artwork, making the content accessible to a broader audience than traditional on-site access would typically allow.  thanks to meneses’s innovative thinking, a collection that had no prior level of access for years is now accessible to researchers, and remains an example of her lasting dedication to providing access to born-digital formats. &# ; organizations are recognized for innovative approaches to providing support and guidance to the digital preservation community.  this year’s awardee in the organizations category is: national archives and records administration (nara).  nara has a notable history of providing records management guidance focusing on digital preservation and addressing key factors to the successful permanent preservation of digital content. this year, the panel is pleased to distinguish nara’s digital preservation framework. created after an extensive environmental scan of community digital preservation risk assessment and planning resources, this project recognizes that successful digital preservation requires both understanding the risks posed by file formats and identifying or developing processes for mitigating these risks. in response to this, the framework provides extensive risk and planning analysis for over formats in type categories. the framework can be applied across the lifecycle of digital content and is designed to enable a low-barrier read more the post ndsa announces winners of innovation awards appeared first on dlf. 	award winners: ndsa levels of digital preservation group this year’s world digital preservation day (#wdpd) was the biggest yet! with outpourings of research, achievements, practical advice, and fun it was hard to believe that there were also awards as part of that process. on november, the ndsa’s levels of digital preservation reboot was the recipient of one of the digital preservation coalition’s digital preservation award! we won in the ica-sponsored category for collaboration and cooperation &# ; the first time it has been awarded!  this honor is collectively bestowed on the many of you who helped craft and refine the levels and we hope your continued ideas, and enthusiasm will keep the momentum going. thank you for all your hard work! for an overview, background, and charge for the levels, see my blog post that speaks to leveraging such a high level of collaborative energy. ~ bradley daigle, levels of digital preservation steering group lead the post award winners: ndsa levels of digital preservation group appeared first on dlf. 	meet the dlf forum community journalists the virtual dlf forum looks different from our typical event in almost every way imaginable. due to the fact that we aren’t convening in person and registration is free, we decided to offer a different kind of fellowship opportunity. because the guiding purpose of this year’s virtual dlf forum is building community while apart, through our re-envisioned fellowship program, we are highlighting new voices from “community journalists” in the field. we are providing $ stipends to a cohort of virtual dlf forum attendees from a variety of backgrounds and will feature their voices and experiences on the dlf blog after our events this fall. we are excited to announce this year’s dlf forum community journalists: arabeth balasko arabeth balasko (she/her) is an archivist and historian dedicated to public service and proactive stewardship. as a professional archivist, her overarching goals are to curate collections that follow a shared standardization practice, are user-centric, and are searchable and accessible to all via physical and digital platforms. she believes that an archive should be a welcoming place for all people and should be an inclusive environment which advocates to collect, preserve, and make accessible the stories and histories of diverse voices. by getting individuals involved in telling their story and making their history part of the ever-growing story of humanity, we all win! &# ; rebecca bayeck @rybayeck rebecca y. bayeck is a dual-phd holder in learning design &# ; technology and comparative &# ; international education from the pennsylvania state university. currently a clir postdoctoral fellow at the schomburg center for research in black culture where she engages in digital research, data curation, and inclusive design. her interdisciplinary research is at the interface of several fields including the learning sciences, literacy studies, and game studies. at this intersection, she explores literacies and learning in games, particularly board games, the interaction of culture, space, and context on design, learning, research, literacies.  &# ; shelly black @shellyyblack shelly black is the cyma rubin library fellow at north carolina state university libraries where she supports digital preservation in the special collections research center. she also works on a strategic project involving immersive technology spaces and digital scholarship workflows. previously she was a marketing specialist at the university of arizona libraries and promoted library services and programs through social media, news stories, and newsletters. shelly was recently selected as a emerging leader by the american library association and is a provisional member of the academy of certified archivists. she received a mlis and a certificate in archival studies from the university of arizona where she was a knowledge river scholar. she also holds a bfa in photography and minor in japanese from the ua. &# ; lisa covington @prof_cov lisa covington, ma is a phd candidate at the university of iowa studying sociology of education, digital humanities and african american studies. her dissertation work is “mediating black girlhood: a multi-level comparative analysis of narrative feature films.” this research identifies mechanisms in which media operates as an institution, (mis)informing individual and social ontological knowledge.   in , lisa received the rev. dr. martin luther king, jr. award from the iowa department of human rights. she is the director of the ethnic studies leadership academy in iowa city, an educational leadership program for black youth, in middle school and high school, to learn african american advocacy through incorporating digital humanities and social sciences.    lisa received her ma from san diego state university in women &# ; gender studies. as a youth development professional, lisa develops curriculum for weekly programming with girls of color, trains teachers on best practices for working with underrepresented youth, and directs programs in preschool through college settings in california, pennsylvania, iowa, new jersey, new york and washington, d.c.    ana hilda figueroa de jesús ana hilda figueroa de jesús will be graduating next spring from the universidad de puerto rico in río piedras with a ba in history of art. her research interest focuses on education, accessibility and publicity of minority, revolutionary puerto rican art including topics such as race, gender and transnationalism. she has interned at visión doble: journal of criticism and history of art, and volunteered at meca international art fair and instituto nueva escuela. ana works as assistant for the curator and director of the museum of history, anthropology and art at upr. she is currently a katzenberger art history intern at smithsonian libraries.   amanda guzman amanda guzman is an anthropological archaeologist with a phd in anthropology (archaeology) from the university of california, berkeley. she specializes in the field of museum anthropology with a research focus on the history of collecting and exhibiting puerto rico at the intersection of issues of intercultural representation and national identity formation. she applies her collections experience as well as her commitment to working with and for multiple publics to her object-based inquiry teaching practice that privileges a more equitable, co-production of knowledge in the classroom through accessible engagement in cultural work. amanda is currently the ann plato post-doctoral fellow in anthropology and american studies at trinity college in hartford, ct.  &# ; carolina hernandez @carolina_hrndz carolina hernandez is currently an instruction librarian at the university of houston where she collaborates on creating inclusive learning environments for students. previously, she was the journalism librarian at the university of oregon, where she co-managed the oregon digital newspaper program. her mlis is from the university of wisconsin-madison. her current research interests are in critical information literacy, inclusive pedagogy, and most recently, the intersection of digital collections and pedagogy.  &# ; jocelyn hurtado jocelyn hurtado is a native miamian who worked as an archivist at a community repository for four year. she is experienced in working with manuscript, art and artifact collections pertaining to a community of color whose history has often been overlooked. ms. hurtado, understands the responsibility and the significance of the work done by community archivists and has seen firsthand that this work not only affects the present-day community but that it will continue to have a deep-rooted impact on generations read more the post meet the dlf forum community journalists appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s digital library pedagogy working group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum. who are we? the dlf digital library pedagogy working group, commonly referred to as #dlfteach (also our twitter hashtag), was founded in and is focused on building a community of practice for those interested in using digital library collections and technology in the classroom. the group is open for anyone to join regardless of your position, academic discipline, or dlf institutional affiliation. here is what #dlfteach does and the ways you can join us: twitter chats one of the best ways to get involved with #dlfteach is to participate in a twitter chat. our twitter chats offer a chance to chat with colleagues from all over on different subjects each chat. every chat has a host or two who plan the topic and write questions that will be tweeted at intervals over the course of one hour. participants can follow the questions tweeted from the @clirdlf handle and respond from their own twitter account. hosts will monitor the chat and also tweet frequently. to see all the tweets as they happen, the hashtag #dlfteach is included with every tweet, and participants should likewise add it to their tweets. people can participate as much or as little as possible, ranging from lurking to tweeting answers and replying to others’ tweets.  twitter chats usually take place at - pm est / am &# ; noon pst on the third tuesday of every other month. once or twice a year, the chat will take place at another time for those who cannot make the regular time. you can see previous chats on the group’s wiki. interested in hosting a chat? want to suggest a topic? get in touch with the outreach coordinators of the dlf digital library pedagogy group! past projects #dlfteach is a uniquely project-based working group, and we are usually working on a couple of projects at any given time of year. typically, members propose or are made aware of projects that would benefit from the expertise and dedication of group members working to implement them. if you are interested in our group’s focus and are looking to get involved, you are welcome to propose a project. if you do not have a specific project in mind but still want to get involved, that’s great, too, since these projects offer many opportunities to contribute to the community and the profession. you may be wondering: what projects does #dlfteach work on? in september , we released #dlfteach toolkit . , an openly available, peer reviewed collection of lesson plans and concrete instructional strategies edited by erin pappas and liz rodrigues and featuring the work of many #dlfteach members and affiliates. check it out to get ideas of how to incorporate digital library collections and technologies into the classroom in structured, reproducible ways. another resource developed by #dlfteach is the teaching with digital primary sources white paper, by brianna gormly, maura seale, hannah alpert-abrams, andi gustavson, angie kemp, thea lindquist, and alexis logsdon, which outlines literacies and considers issues associated with finding, evaluating, and citing digital primary resources. if you are considering using digital primary sources in the classroom, this is an excellent resource to accompany your work with these materials. additionally, #dlfteach has developed and facilitated workshops at the dlf forum and learn@dlf pre-conferences in , , and . current projects following the success of the first version released last year, we have issued a call for participation for the #dlfteach toolkit . , which will focus on instructional strategies using immersive technology. we are looking for both contributors and volunteers to assist with reviewing submissions and producing the toolkit. additionally, we are currently working on two blog series! one is focused on ethical issues for multimodal scholarship and pedagogy, and the other, practitioner perspectives: developing, adapting, and contextualizing the #dlfteach toolkit, is collecting interviews from practitioners (via google form) who have used or adapted #dlfteach toolkit lesson plans. look for these to be published in the coming months as well as calls to participate. how can you get involved? anyone is welcome to join and participate in the digital library pedagogy group and help grow the community of practitioners around teaching with digital library collections and tools. our next twitter chat will be on december at : pm est and will be focused on ways #dlfteach can help build community and support each other with the projects and ongoing initiatives we work on. have you used or adapted lesson plans from the #dlfteach toolkit . ? add your voice to practitioner perspectives: developing, adapting, and contextualizing the #dlfteach toolkit, a forthcoming blog series! just answer our questions on this google form. additionally, please consider joining our google group and read more the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s digital library pedagogy working group appeared first on dlf. 	louisa kwasigroch appointed interim dlf senior program officer the council on library and information resources (clir) is pleased to announce the appointment of louisa kwasigroch as interim digital library federation (dlf) senior program officer. kwasigroch, who currently serves as clir’s director of outreach and engagement and has worked extensively with the dlf community, will serve as the primary point of contact for dlf member institutions and individuals until a permanent senior program officer has been appointed. during the interim period, she will also continue to serve as director of outreach and engagement.   “i’m delighted louisa has accepted this interim appointment,” said clir president charles henry. “with her knowledge of dlf’s engaged and active community, she will bring an empathetic and insightful continuity that will position us strategically for the next phase of dlf’s evolution.”  kwasigroch has been in the library field for more than years, working with public, museum, and academic libraries. she has her ba in photography from columbia college chicago, and both an mslis and mba from the university of illinois, urbana-champaign. she began her career with clir in as a dlf program associate and was promoted to director of development and outreach in and director of outreach and engagement in . “it has been a great joy to serve the dlf community these past seven years in my roles at clir,” said kwasigroch. “i look forward to continuing to support our members, working groups, and constituents while collaborating even more closely with clir and dlf staff, who have been doing an amazing job moving things forward.” clir will resume its search for a permanent senior program officer in january . the post louisa kwasigroch appointed interim dlf senior program officer appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s data and digital scholarship working group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum.  what is the dlf digital scholarship and data services working group? the dlf data and digital scholarship working group (dlfdds) is a continuation of two dlf groups: the eresearch network and the digital scholarship working group. the current version of the group uses a mutual aid model to offer peer leaders and the group the ability to create topics of interest for the community. it is an evolution of the eresearch network that dlf ran for many years.  sara mannheimer, data librarian, montana state university and jason clark, lead for research informatics, montana state university will be facilitating the working group this year. our charge notes that we are “a community of practice focused on implementing research data and digital scholarship services. the group focuses on shared skill development, peer mentorship, networking, and collaboration. dlfdds aims to create a self-reliant, mutually supportive community: a network of institutions and individuals engaged in continuous learning about research data management, digital scholarship, and research support.” learn more about us: our digital scholarship and data services wiki our digital scholarship and data services google group (listserv) what are we working on? we meet quarterly for discussion and activities based on dlf dds community interest and ideas. past topics have included: advocacy and promotion of data services and digital scholarship, data discovery/metadata and reusability, collections as data, assessment (metrics for success with data services and digital scholarship), etc. last month, we met to talk about roadmapping in a session led by shilpa rele scholarly communication &# ; data curation librarian, rowan university.  view slides and video these sessions have a flexible focus between rdm and ds. these minutes each quarter are structured around a particular topic and usually involve:  a short visit from invited speaker on topic an in-session discussion and activity we are basing this structure on the former eresearch network (ern) cohort model which had a more of a course-based mode. an example eresearch network syllabus is linked here to give you some more perspective on the history of that group. our new goal is to bring the best parts of ern into this revitalized working group. we also connect folks in the working group around consultation ideas. consultations are working sessions that give consultees a chance to work through an in-depth, peer conversation to solve a local data services or digital scholarship question. consultants are peers and associated experts (e.g. fellow dlfdds members, former eresearch network participants, practitioners from other dlf member institutions). consultations are flexible and customized according to consultee needs.  how to contribute or get involved? as we are working to instill a mutual aid model for our community, we are interested in your ideas. we have opened a survey to pull together these interests and welcome your thoughts. take our dlf dds interest and ideas survey: https://bit.ly/dlf-dds-survey  beyond the survey, please feel free to join our google group as announcements and opportunities related to the wg and digital scholarship/data services in general will be available there.  our next scheduled meeting will be in december . we hope to see you there! the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s data and digital scholarship working group appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s metadata support group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum.  the metadata support group is excited to be part of the  dlf forum virtual community. we would like to share an open invitation for anyone who works with metadata to join our community. the metadata support group was founded in on slack in order to provide colleagues from the glam (galleries, archives, libraries, museum) community with a space to ask questions, get answers, and develop a network of colleagues from institutions across the country. the metadata support group has over members and channels dedicated to topics such as general questions, migrations, conferences, archivesspace, tools, workflows, and much more. anyone is welcome to join our community, just agree to our code of conduct when you fill out this form. if you have any questions about the group, feel free to reach out to the co-founders and facilitators: julie hardesty, jlhardes@iu.edu liz woolcott, liz.woolcott@usu.edu anna neatrour, anna.neatrour@utah.edu bria parker, brialparker@gmail.com the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s metadata support group appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s labor working group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum.  tools for the lam labor situation the covid- pandemic has only intensified precarity in our field, but we don’t have to face it alone. over the last years, the labor working group (labor wg) has been building tools to improve library, archives, and museum (lam) labor conditions. nor are we the only ones: similar efforts are underway in many other groups. take a tour 🚴 of our resources below and join us as we work to build collective power to take on collective problems. collective responsibility labor advocacy toolkit in , members of labor wg organized and participated in the imls-funded collective responsibility: national forum on labor practices for grant-funded digital positions. one idea that surfaced at the forum was to collect the project’s outcomes along with other resources for documenting and changing the landscape of contingent labor in lam. we created the collective responsibility labor advocacy toolkit to publish these materials. during , a group of forum and labor wg members developed guiding principles, naming the concepts which have shaped our work so far and concretizing these into principles for our future work. another group turned working notes on “how to talk about collective responsibility at work” into a set of scripts and scenarios for discussing contingency and precarity in your actual workplace. we collaborated with members of the archival workers emergency fund organizing committee to develop these scenarios. in response to the pandemic, we assembled a page of emergency resources for contingent or suddenly-precarious lam workers. valuing labor in digital libraries in we published a research agenda identifying areas for investigation and action in lam labor: recognizing labor as being undervalued, unacknowledged, and erased has long been framed as an individual concern in the field of digital libraries, archives, and museums (lam); but organized and collective action is required to address labor conditions at structural and organizational scales. such action requires information, from empirical evidence to testimonies to guidance and best practices. this document lays out a research agenda for valuing labor, collaboratively developed by members of the digital library federation working group on labor in digital libraries, archives, and museums (labor wg). we intend for research building upon this agenda to also be collaborative: by and for the dlf community. each section of the agenda describes a key research area and why it matters, offering questions and research designs that bear investigating. in early , a few members of labor wg set out to research these questions: to what extent and how are digital lam workers organized? what organizing and advocacy tactics can be effective while minimizing risk for workers? what are creative and effective ways to share data about digital lam labor? we got totally derailed (thanks, covid) but those questions are still out there and still important, probably more than ever. if you build something from the research agenda, we’d love to hear about it. do better, love us in january , we published a document that has been underway since the working group’s formation. “do better” -love(,) us is built around a simple principle: when funding a term position, fund a good position. if you’re writing a grant, it means asking for what you need for such a position, not lowballing on labor in order to win a grant. for funders, it means approving those applications, even if it means funding fewer projects. the cost of these projects should not fall on the workers least equipped to bear it. our work on this document inspired the collective responsibility project. while it sparked conversations at the forums and shaped some of the project’s outcomes, and our revision used ideas, data, and new collaborations developed during the forum, we kept this document within labor wg. it was important to us to retain this document’s aspirational nature, rather than reducing it to the most practical next steps available at this time. connect with lam labor organizers this work is much too big for just one group. members of labor wg didn’t want to build one-time solutions or reinvent the wheel, so we went looking for others advocating and organizing to improve the situation of lam workers. we built a list of organizations and campaigns (see it as a table or a list). we also built up a bibliography on lam labor, from scholarly articles to local news to blog posts to twitter threads. lately we&# ;ve been using news alerts to attend to what&# ;s happening to lam workers around the world during the pandemic and what they&# ;re doing about it. we know that people are losing their jobs, being furloughed, being replaced, losing pay and benefits, taking on new work outside of their job read more the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s labor working group appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s working group on privacy and ethics in technology though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum.  in this blog post, we briefly describe the mission and activities of the dlf privacy and ethics in technology working group. overview of the working group the dlf privacy and ethics in technology working group is based on the recognition that libraries are increasingly investing in systems that can collect, store, analyze, and potentially leak data related to user activities. the work of the group focuses on challenging and complicating our relationship with data collection technologies. we then seek to create tools and resources to help practitioners critically engage with these data collection technologies, with the goal of aligning our practice with privacy-oriented principles—for the ultimate betterment of our profession, our user communities, and society. resources produced by the working group members we have an active and thriving group membership. over the past few years, our members have collaborated to co-produce new resources to improve practice in support of privacy and responsible use of data-collecting technologies: a practical guide to performing a library user data risk assessment in library-built systems — https://osf.io/v c m/  vendor privacy policy analysis project — https://osf.io/ svz/   advocacy action plan — https://osf.io/ smrf/   digital privacy instruction curriculum — https://osf.io/sebhf/   ethics in research use of library patron data: glossary and explainer  https://osf.io/bygj /  joining the working group our working group is flexible and adaptable according to our members’ interests. if you would like to contribute to the production of resources like those listed above, or if you want to help build a new resource that addresses a different topic in this area, consider joining our group. we have a wiki available through the dlf website that provides more information: https://wiki.diglib.org/privacy_and_ethics_in_technology.  future directions moving ahead, we as co-conveners want to emphasize greater collaboration and visibility with other groups and organizations that focus on privacy, ethics, and the responsible use of technology. through collaboration and cross-learning with other related organizations—including those in adjacent fields—we hope to strengthen our work in pursuit of shared goals. we&# ;re especially emphasizing building deeper relationships with public librarians and librarians of diverse backgrounds. we hope that you&# ;re doing well wherever you are, and we hope that we’ll be talking to you soon about privacy and ethics in technology. — scott w. h. young, ux &# ; assessment librarian, montana state university — michelle gibeault,  scholarly engagement librarian for the humanities, tulane university the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s working group on privacy and ethics in technology appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s digital accessibility working group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum. the dlf digital accessibility working group (dawg) is a group dedicated to exploring issues around ensuring efficient access for disabled people in information organizations. within dawg, there are three subgroups: advocacy and education, it and development, and policies and workflows. these three areas were selected because they were identified as essential to ensuring a holistic approach to the adoption, implementation, and maintenance of inclusive practices for disabled users, staff, and other information organization stakeholders. dawg subscribes to the idea that in order for technology, or “the digital library,” to be accessible, it is not enough that the software, hardware, and accompanying resources be accessible. instead, there is a need within organizations and outside vendors for: cultural change regarding awareness of the disability rights efforts of the past and present via continuing education and advocacy work. adaptable policies and workflows that are inclusive of disabled people and enforced on an institutional level via allocation of financial, legal, and human resources. emphasis on inclusive design and development practices to ensure that technologies are designed to be accessible, as well as to be maintained sustainably with accessibility in mind. though only founded within the last year, dawg has managed to initiate meaningful dialogue around these issues while acting as a source of community for information professionals looking to navigate the challenges posed, both by the field in general, as well as the more contemporary challenges posed by covid- . it and development the it and development subgroup focuses on specific software, hardware, and development practices associated with information organizations. from a list of suggested software, we’ve already developed a deep-dive into the accessibility of zoom, and are gathering information on many other software applications. ultimately, we’d like to develop a system for the glam community to easily ask questions or share information about the accessibility of software, building off the existing networks and centers for information for at professionals. some of the other projects we’ve done include the accessible documentation guidelines and a collection of accessibility auditing resources. for more information, contact debbie krahmer dkrahmer@colgate.edu advocacy and education libraries and information organizations have a responsibility to proactively build features into our products and services that recognizes the value and rights of people with disabilities. this requires continual learning as well as creative and collaborative advocacy.  as a new working group, the advocacy and education subgroup seeks contributors who welcome complexity and responsibility.  this means, when possible, fixing a regular, monthly meeting time in our calendars, as well as reserving time throughout the month to do a bit of work. most recently, this sub-group hosted a kick-off webinar, inclusive design and accessible exhibits: some guidance for libraries, galleries, and museums by sina bahram. advocacy and continuing education wiki page for information, contact mark weiler (mweiler@wlu.ca) policies and workflows glam organizations incorporate a wide variety of policies and workflows, with varying levels of success. this subgroup is collecting best practices, implementation processes, and educational materials to help individuals in glam organizations authentically implement accessibility policies and workflows in digital libraries. some of the work we have embarked on thus far has included defining the scope of digital library policies and workflows, conducting an environmental scan of policies and workflows, and creating a toolkit to be used with digital libraries. the toolkit will contain a reflection of many of the conversations the subgroup has had revolving around the successful implementation of policies and workflows &# ; and not only the suggested content glam institutions will want to adopt. the individuals working together represent a wide variety of types of institutions, locations, and experience. each individual has had responsibilities in their home organization to implement accessible policies and workflows in regards to digital libraries. for scholars and practitioners alike, the work being conducted to create recommendations represents the practical knowledge others need. to learn more about the work, completed resources are available on the dlf wiki subpage for policies and workflows. to join in the conversation, please email the co-chairs, gabriel galson at galson@temple.edu and amy vecchione at amyvecchione@boisestate.edu. getting involved if you want to learn more about the work dawg is doing, check out the digital accessibility group wiki. you can also join the listserv (google group), attend meetings (updates about meeting times are shared via the listserv, and join the slack channel. for additional questions regarding the group, feel free to email jasmine clark at jasmine.l.clark@temple.edu. the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s digital accessibility working group appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s project managers group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum. all of our events are free of charge. register by november . join dlf&# ;s project managers group during their forum working session on november . what is the project managers group? the dlf project managers group (or dlf pmg) was formed in to acknowledge the intersection between project management and library technology. we provide a place to share project management methodologies and tools, alongside broader discussions that consider issues such as portfolio management and cross-organizational communication, and have branched into discussions of personnel management as well. we look to keep pace with the digital library landscape by bringing new and evolving project management practices to the attention and mutual benefit of our colleagues. this has been a big focus this year as many of us have made the transition to managing teams remotely. you can find more information about our group on the dlf pmg wiki. this year the project managers group decided to take on a new mentoring initiative as well as expand a webinar program series that we’ve offered on a limited basis to help connect and support project managers. mentoring: in june , the project managers group launched its pilot of a project management mentoring program. this was in response to feedback the steering committee has heard at meetings and past forums for several years. the committee wanted to provide an opportunity to connect with other project managers in our field to ask advice, share ideas, and learn from someone at a different organization. the goals of the program are to cultivate relationships and communication between project managers who have different experiences and areas of interest in digital libraries throughout the year. the committee envisioned this program as geared toward anyone in the field&# ;new professionals or experienced project managers&# ;who are looking to gain new perspectives.  our first cohort of mentors and mentees are currently in their third month of the program and by all accounts, everyone is finding this program insightful and worthwhile. we recently sent out our first quarter survey for participants and got positive feedback from everyone on the experience so far. especially right now, as our professional lives are so upended, mentors and mentees are appreciative of someone to bounce ideas off and commiserate with – no matter their prior experience. based on the success of this pilot program, the steering committee will continue to offer this mentoring program and hope to call for a second cohort in spring . webinars: the project managers group provides webinars to keep pace with the dynamic digital library landscape, by bringing new and evolving project management, service design, user experience, and assessment practices to the dlf community. the webinars are recorded and uploaded to the dlf youtube channel and then linked to the pmg wiki so that they can be shared with a wider audience. this year, speakers presented on new technologies and practices in project management.  melissa wisner, it project and portfolio management librarian at north carolina state university libraries, spoke about before action review, a method used by teams at the onset of a project to talk through anticipated changes, assumptions, and risks by drawing on the lessons learned from past experiences.  jenn nolte, user experience (ux) librarian at yale university library, spoke about user experience and service design. the talk focused on the importance of putting the end user’s needs at the center when planning for new services or enhancing current services. casey davis kaufman, associate director of the gbh media library and archives, spoke about leading teams and projects while working remotely during the ongoing global pandemic crisis. the presentation covered a range of topics relevant to the present remote-working environment&# ;effective communication and support, managing expectations, measuring productivity and impact, providing resources, and &# ;holding space&# ; for team members who may be experiencing incredibly challenging and emotionally difficult situations within and/or outside of work. these virtual sessions provide an opportunity for project managers to learn and share new information with others in the field. we are always looking for feedback from our audience. if you have any suggestions for future webinars or if you would like to present at one of the sessions, please reach out to us via our listserv.  toolkit: we’ve also continued to enhance our collective documentation and aides for all, including the dlf project managers toolkit. the toolkit is a collaborative project, based on contributions by members of the dlf project managers group over the years. the toolkit offers crowdsourced information, tips, techniques, and tools for project managers working in or with digital libraries. we include information on project management basics, documentation and templates shared by members, and evaluations of some of the popular project management read more the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s project managers group appeared first on dlf. 	update on dlf’s senior program officer search dear dlf community, following our recent news about what is shaping up to be an exciting forum, we wanted to also update you on the dlf senior program officer position that was posted earlier this year. the search was notable for its strong, diverse pool of candidates and the many perspectives each could bring to dlf. the process was conducted with professional diligence and benefited significantly from the expertise and insight of the search committee, culminating in a lively final round of interviews. unexpectedly, we were not able to make a successful offer. while we are fortunate to still have a very strong candidate pool, we feel it is important to pause and reflect upon the recent search and wider context and conditions that may have influenced its outcome. we have had conversations with search firms lately that corroborate a significant rise in candidates declining job offers nationally across disciplines and professions. the reasons for this are being explored, but it is believed that many of the positions—like the one for dlf—were posted pre-covid and that the increased unpredictability of the academic workplace and the understandable avoidance of risk-taking could be significant factors. given the importance of the dlf leadership position, we plan to start a second search in early january. clir has begun an internal evaluation of the first round search process. this review is taking into account the changes in our academic environment stemming from the disruptions of, and responses to, the pandemic, including a profound rethinking of approaches to teaching, research, information sharing, and community building, as well as the implications for institutional budgets near and longer-term. as always, your support and engagement are deeply appreciated and essential to dlf’s continued success. charles j. henry president the post update on dlf&# ;s senior program officer search appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s assessment interest group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum. all of our events are free of charge. register by november . updates from the dlf assessment interest group (aig) the dlf assessment interest group (aig) seeks to engage the community in developing best practices and guidelines for various kinds of digital library assessment. as the amount of digitized/born-digital content continues to grow at our research and cultural heritage institutions, there is an ever-increasing need to strategically standardize our assessment efforts.  the only requirement for participation in a dlf aig working group is a willingness to dig in and devote a small part of your time contributing to the tools, methods, and body of knowledge on digital library assessment. we encourage you to join a meeting or reach out to the contacts listed below. (dlf membership is not a requirement for participation.) we look forward to extending an invitation for you to join us at our upcoming aig virtual event in early , which will showcase working group achievements and help us brainstorm for the year ahead. stay tuned for event details!  in the meantime, here’s an overview of the five aig working groups and along with some recent highlights. the groups represented in this post are: the content reuse working group, the cost assessment working group, the cultural assessment working group, the metadata assessment working group, and the user experience assessment working group. aig content reuse working group the content reuse working group (#digreuse) focuses on developing standards, strategies, and workflows for assessing the use and reuse of digital objects across galleries, libraries, archives, museums, and repositories (glamr) content reuse working group in the content reuse working group is developing the digital content reuse assessment framework toolkit (d-craft). the d-craft project, generously funded by a national leadership grants for libraries (lg- - - - ) award from the institute of museum and library services, started in july .  working group members are building the toolkit in two phases of work. the first phase includes work on ethical guidelines and recommended practices.  ethical guidelines. the guidelines are intended for practitioners assessing use and reuse of digital cultural heritage artifacts, research outputs and scholarship, and data. these guidelines are meant both to inform practitioners in their decision-making, and to model for users what they can expect from those who steward digital collections. integral to the creation of this code are user privacy considerations, and a particular focus on concerns and ideas of black, indigenous, people of color, people with disabilities, working class, and poor communities. the working group is currently finalizing an ethical guidelines for assessing reuse draft for public review and comment.  recommended practices. recommended practices will document tools, resources, and existing strategies for assessing various facets of digital object reuse. along the way, the working group will develop draft content with d-craft consultants, solicit feedback from their advisory group and glamr practitioners, and launch the toolkit. how can you participate? we encourage those interested in knowing more about the project to visit the d-craft project site as well as to review a dlf blog post introducing d-craft. those who have questions or comments should feel free to reach out to santi thompson. aig cost assessment working group we dig into the cost (both time and money) of digitization. cost assessment working group in building on the development of the digitization cost calculator, the aig cost group is shifting directions to create a more expansive toolkit that will serve a wider range of digitization labs.  survey. we are seeking information from a variety of digitization stakeholders from across the dlf to inform two new initiatives. the data collected will be used to help create resources for calculating and assessing institutional commitments necessary for successful digitization projects or starting a digitization program. resource library. we are looking to assemble a resource library similar to the dlf aig metadata application profile clearinghouse project. the survey data will help us gather some preliminary information about the various organizations successfully using cost assessment tools in their local context. if possible, we will link to or provide samples which may provide a template for other organizations. cost worksheets. we seek more data on those interested in cost assessment practices that will give us better insight into how to further develop templates for “cost worksheets” which might be applied at the institutional level and modified for local use. unlike the cost calculator, these worksheets would be generated from local information to give end-users more contextualized information.  digitization costs can be calculated in terms of either/both money and time, which themselves exist in tension with one another. for the purposes of this work, digitization is defined as the practices and procedures associated with reformatting physical read more the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s assessment interest group appeared first on dlf. 	 dlf forum: building community with dlf’s born-digital access working group though dlf is best known for our signature event, the annual dlf forum, our working groups collaborate year round. long before covid- introduced the concept of “zoom fatigue” into our lives, dlf’s working groups organized across institutional and geographical boundaries, building community while apart, to get work done. made possible through the support of our institutional members, working groups are the efforts of a committed community of practitioners, using dlf as a framework for action, engaged in problem-solving in a variety of digital library subfields from project management and assessment to labor and accessibility. once we decided that the dlf forum and affiliated events would be held in a virtual format, it meant that our working groups wouldn’t have the opportunity to meet in person for their typical working meals that take place throughout the forum; however, this year’s virtual format means that we’ll have more new dlf forum attendees than ever before. because dlf’s working groups are open to all, regardless of whether you’re affiliated with a dlf member institution or not, we asked leaders of the dlf working groups to introduce their groups and the work they do to the new and returning members of the #dlfvillage in a series of blogs and videos. we’ll share these working group updates in the days leading to this year’s dlf forum. all of our events are free of charge. register by november . join the born-digital access working group during their forum working session on november . who are we? the dlf born-digital access working group, or what is affectionately known as bdawg, is currently led by co-coordinators karla irwin and jessika drmacich. bdawg is the only born-digital group focused entirely on access. bdawg is very easy to join and the group is open to everyone! our google group is our main mode of communication, so please sign up there if you would like to receive updates and more information. bdawg meets bimonthly and there are many different opportunities for participation based on area of interest and availability. if you are curious about what members have published so far you can also check out dlf’s osf site for our bdawg. at around members, bdawg garners participation from a wide gamut of archivists, librarians, and cultural heritage workers coming from higher education institutions, museums, government archives, and even some students. what have we been working on? in august of , bdawg held our first ever virtual colloquium. this was an opportunity for bdawg members to share some work related to born-digital access at their respective institutions. we had a fantastic turnout and there are hopes to hold this event again next year. also this year, bdawg formed five sub-working groups focused around researching different born-digital access topics. these subgroups are typically formed once a year and are discussed, decided, and voted on by our members. updates on our sub-working groups! the access values subgroup completed a values statement for bdawg on the topic of how to approach work around born-digital access. you can read the access values here. special thanks to jessica farrell, brain dietz, and alison clemens for their great work on this! the documenting access methods subgroup is exploring what elements institutions could include in documentation for providing access. documenting access methods include two *sub-subgroups*: a framework group and a pointer group. the framework group is creating a framework or template for documentation and the pointer group will categorize and point to existing documentation. the documenting access methods subgroup plans to wrap up their work by the end of this year so be on the lookout for that! the donor relations subgroup has been developing a resource for managing remote donor relations and acquisitions in the form of an annotated bibliography that will be available very soon. once that is wrapped up, future work by a new subgroup will be looking at remote on-site visits and born-digital acquisitions. there will be some upcoming forums on this topic, so be on the lookout for information (or you can reach out to us)! the legal due diligence subgroup is creating a resource that helps practitioners understand what steps are needed to provide low-risk access with a close look at attorney client privilege, culturally sensitive materials, donor restrictions, ferpa and hipaa, gdpr, institutionally mandated confidentiality, pii, privacy, and terms of service. they plan on releasing a skeletal set of guidelines with a workflow once they wrap up their research. the ideal access systems subgroup is working to define what &# ;ideal&# ; access means in order to provide recommendations on how to create and implement ideal access systems in different environments. they are currently working on a literature review of relevant articles and case-studies and finalizing a functional definition of ideal in order to move into their next stage which involves building a project plan for an ideal access system. the subgroup hopes to release their documentation by the beginning of next year. get in touch! please reach out to karla and/or jessika with questions! jessika, williams college, (jgd @williams.edu) karla, university of nevada, las vegas (karla.irwin@unlv.edu) keep these links handy: bdawg google group: https://tinyurl.com/bdawggg dlf osf website: https://osf.io/hqmy /  we hope to see you at a future bdawg meeting! the post dlf forum: building community with dlf’s born-digital access working group appeared first on dlf. 	announcing incoming ndsa coordinating committee members for - please join me in welcoming the two newly elected coordinating committee members elizabeth england and jessica neal, and one re-elected member, linda tadic. their terms begin january , and run through december , .   elizabeth england is a digital preservation specialist at the u.s. national archives and records administration, where she participates in strategic and operational initiatives and services for the preservation of born-digital and digitized records. she previously was the digital archivist and a national digital stewardship resident at johns hopkins university. elizabeth currently serves on the ndsa communications and publications group and the digipres planning committee. jessica neal, was recently named the sterling a. brown archivist at williams college, having previously been the  college archivist at hampshire college. additionally, jes is a workshop facilitator with docnow, and a member of ndsa’s digipres planning committee.  linda tadic has served on the coordinating committee for the past two years. as an educator, she incorporates ndsa reports and projects into her courses in the ucla information studies department. additionally, linda brings her diverse experience working in non-profit and educational archives, managing digital asset management systems, and founding digital bedrock, a managed digital preservation service provider. we are also grateful to the very talented, qualified individuals who participated in this election. we are indebted to our outgoing coordinating committee members, karen cariani, bradley daigle (chair), sibyl schaefer, and paige walker, for their service and many contributions. to sustain a vibrant, robust community of practice, we rely on and deeply value the contributions of all members, including those who took part in voting. the post announcing incoming ndsa coordinating committee members for - appeared first on dlf. 	endangering data interview with sarah lamdan sarah lamdan is a professor of law at cuny school of law in long island city, ny. she has a master&# ;s degree in library science and legal information management. she also has a law certificate in environmental law. her work focuses on information law and policy. professor lamdan works on issues across the spectrum from open government to personal privacy. she is currently writing a book about data control and access called data cartels, which will be published by stanford university press. sarah is a member of the environmental data &# ; governance initiative and works with immigration groups on government surveillance issues. lamdan&# ;s book, environmental information: research, access &# ; environmental decisionmaking (environmental law institute ) serves as a resource for journalists, scientists, and researchers who use government science information in their work. tell us a bit about your projects and how you became interested in issues of data privacy, collection, and surveillance. i became interested in the topic after seeing a news article in about ice’s “extreme vetting” social media surveillance program, and noticing that thomson reuters and lexisnexis reps had attended an ice event to learn about how to win gov’t contracts to participate in the invasive immigrant surveillance program. thomson reuters and lexisnexis (part of the data analytics giant relx group) are the main suppliers of legal research products for the legal profession. their products, westlaw and lexis, are considered the “gold standard” legal research products, and together, the companies have a legal information duopoly. i was concerned about the ethical implications of immigration lawyers using products that may ultimately be participating in ice surveillance programs that harm their clients. &# ; you’ve written several pieces[ ] detailing how many vendor business models go far beyond licensing scholarly journals to academic researchers and law firms, and include selling mailing addresses, social media data, credit and criminal records, and much more to marketing firms, political consultants, and law enforcement. how did those companies develop? so, as i started researching about thomson reuters and lexisnexis’s relationships with ice, it became clear that these companies weren’t the companies that i thought they were. as a librarian, these companies were marketed as publishers. i knew reed elsevier (re of the relx) as a publisher of scholarly journals, and lexisnexis (lx) as a publisher of legal resources and news. thomson reuters supplied financial and legal search platforms to business and law firm libraries that i’d worked in.  i learned that, over the past decade, these companies have morphed from being “publishers” to being “data analytics corporations.” library markets are changing as more information becomes open access and freely available online, especially when it comes to legal resources. government websites and nonprofit groups have pushed to make laws more accessible on the internet. at the same time, data analytics seems to be the future profit source &# ; collecting huge amounts of data and using algorithms, ai, and machine learning to “slice and dice” data to build informational resources for clients. since the ’s thomson reuters and relx group have acquired hundreds of companies and tons of data to position themselves as the premier data analytics firms. although vendors like thomson reuters and relx are notoriously secretive about the library data they collect and how they use it, do members of the library community have any idea about how that data is used in their broader data broker ecosystem? how might data collected from users of lexisnexis, scopus, elsevier journals, etc. be of value to non-library audiences? how it may be aggregated with other data? it seems that thomson reuters, relx group, and other online research platforms benefit from using library data to market their products, and create new products, for those same users. sam moore describes how these platforms use “seamless access” (“get full text research, for example[ ]) to gather data about its users that the companies can monetize researchers’ searches to tailor services for those, and other, users. wolfie christl similarly noticed that when you do research using elsevier, threatmetrix, an relx surveillance data product, stores a personal identifier in your browser to track your searching. we can’t be sure what the companies are doing with this data (aka we don’t know whether they are using it internally or selling it/sharing it externally, etc.) but we do know that our research is being tracked by the companies whose platforms we, and our patrons, rely on to do our research. &# ; you’re working on a book manuscript about data cartels. can you share a little bit more about that project, and what the larger ecosystem of data cartels looks like? as i tried to figure out what these data analytics companies do and how their different products connected, i learned that there isn’t much research on these publishers-turned-data analytics corporations. information science tends to focus more on communication technologies and platforms (algorithms, machine learning, social media, search engines) and not as much on the duller, less-dynamic data vendor side. it’s like focusing on modems, themselves, instead of the internet &# ; boooring. because there isn’t much discussion of these companies beyond librarianship, we haven’t seen the full pictures of these companies: they don’t just sell platforms to libraries, they also sell platforms to financial firms, cops, news orgs, and more. several companies are simultaneously academic research oligarchies, legal research duopolies, federal and state police surveillance monopolies. these companies have consolidated control over informational flows in libraries and beyond, restricting and stratifying informational access and data privacy in all of our communities. &# ; in librarianship at the crossroads of ice surveillance, you write that we must not pass privacy protections on to patrons, or donate the labor of erasing our patrons’ data to vendors, but rather to demand “privacy by design” from vendors. have you seen any progress on this front? “privacy by design” is an idea described by ann cavoukian, the former information and privacy commissioner for the canadian province of ontario. i bought into this idea in an article i wrote in (social media read more the post endangering data interview with sarah lamdan appeared first on dlf. 	endangering data interview with terra graziani terra graziani is a researcher and tenants’ rights organizer based in los angeles, ca. she founded and co-directs the los angeles chapter of the anti-eviction mapping project (aemp), a digital storytelling collective documenting dispossession and resistance in solidarity with gentrifying communities through research, oral history, and data work. she is also a researcher with the ucla institute on inequality and democracy and the center for critical internet inquiry at ucla. before this, she organized with aemp in the san francisco bay area and worked for several tenants’ rights organizations including the los angeles center for community law and action, the eviction defense collaborative and tenants together. she is currently research program officer at educopia where she works to cultivate community in the information field. terra earned her master’s in urban and regional planning at ucla and her bachelor’s degree in social and cultural geography at uc berkeley. tell us a bit about your projects and how you became interested in issues of data privacy, collection, and surveillance. one of my first jobs in the tenant movement was community outreach coordinator at the eviction defense collaborative (edc) in san francisco, a legal clinic where anyone who has received an eviction notice goes first to get immediate help responding to their eviction. i was responsible for writing edc’s annual eviction report, which analyzed the data edc collected through its clinic to provide a picture of displacement in san francisco. to make this report, we partnered with the anti-eviction mapping project (aemp), and the rest is history! i joined aemp shortly thereafter and began to learn &# ; both through the research and visualization i was doing with aemp, as well as through the experiences i was having working with tenants facing eviction at edc &# ; all about eviction data! since then, i’ve worked in various roles in the tenant movement organizing against displacement and building power through knowledge production around issues of tenants’ rights, our speculative and racist housing system (market), police and property, policing technologies, and so much more. i spend a lot of time thinking about how we can mobilize data to build power from below, rather than to surveil and punish. &# ; your work in aemp and in tenant organizing more broadly has touched on areas where mass data collection can endanger tenants, as well as areas where civic data and grassroots data collection can help to counter anti-tenant narratives and build community power.  how does the concept of “endangering data” arise in your work? early on, i learned that the most commonly-used data set on evictions comes from the courts, and that each county’s courts has a different data management system that has a huge impact on how accessible that data is. i also learned that, in california, there is a masking law that prevents court eviction records from being made public. as the article states, before this masking law was passed, “under longstanding california law, records in eviction lawsuits [were] kept sealed for days after they [were] filed. on the st day, the court clerk look[ed] to see if the tenant prevailed. if not, the record [became] public — even if there [had] been no ruling in the case, and even if the landlord [had] abandoned the lawsuit.” after these days, names of those who had lost their case and been evicted would be published, third party companies were taking and publishing this data, and landlords would subscribe in order to blacklist tenants. a tenants’ record and credit score could be affected for up to years, significantly impacting their access to housing, which is already so hard to secure. with the new state law, which took effect in january , the landlord would have to win the case in those days for the record to be made public. the law is still not perfect, as tenants still avoid taking their cases to court where, if they have access to an attorney (also a huge problem) they could get a better outcome, for fear of losing and getting an eviction put on their record, but the new laws protect many more tenants from being blacklisted. this masking law is a double-edged sword, though, because it also means those within the tenant movement who want access to court eviction data, including aemp, have a very hard time getting it. there is an exemption to the law that grants access to “a person who has an order from a court, issued upon a showing of good cause.” this is the exemption aemp used to get a court order to access the data in alameda county. in san francisco, the court has a practice of sharing address-level eviction data with the rent board, who then we request the data from through public records’ request. the format of the data we receive from these public bodies is all over the place and often takes months of work to make it usable. in sum, the data management and sharing practices of public institutions are so variable and have a huge impact on the work we can do.  one of my many jobs at edc was to help re-vamp their intake form, meaning i was helping shape what data we collected on tenants facing eviction in san francisco. i still think about this process often, because working with clinics and tenant organizations to mobilize their data is one way aemp has been able to visualize a more holistic data set of evictions. if we only look at eviction data from courts, we’re only representing those tenants who made it to court. so many tenants are forced out informally, through intimidation, harassment, informal buy-out offers etc., none of which are captured by court data. some of this is recorded in clinic records where tenants have gone for help. another way this is helpful is that many clinics collect demographic data. edc’s data taught us, for example, that in , compared to the city’s population, black residents were overrepresented by % in their read more the post endangering data interview with terra graziani appeared first on dlf. 	endangering data interview with thomas padilla thomas padilla is interim head, knowledge production at the university of nevada las vegas. he consults, publishes, presents, and teaches widely on digital strategy, cultural heritage collections, data literacy, digital scholarship, and data curation. he is principal investigator of the andrew w. mellon foundation supported collections as data: part to whole and past principal investigator of the institute of museum and library services supported, always already computational: collections as data. he is the author of the library community research agenda responsible operations: data science, machine learning, and ai in libraries. tell us a bit about your projects and how you became interested in cultural heritage data and algorithmic and ai approaches to curation and research? i am interested in cultivating glam community capacity around responsible, ethically grounded computational engagement with data. some of that interest has to do with positionality &# ; me being a mixed race, first generation college student, from a working class background. i’m constantly trying to find ways for my labor to address historic and contemporary marginalization.   always already computational: collections as data was an institute of museum and library services supported effort that iteratively developed a range of deliverables meant to spark capacity around principles-driven creation of computationally amenable collections . in that work i was very lucky to be joined by laurie allen, stewart varner, hannah frost, elizabeth russey roke, and sarah potvin. with a better sense of community need i later embarked on collections as data: part to whole &# ; an effort supported by the andrew w. mellon foundation. part to whole is essentially a regranting and cohort development program. hannah scates kettler, stewart varner, yasmeen shorish, and i are currently working with institutions (large r s, historical societies, museums, state-based digital libraries, and more) to develop models that guide collections as data production and models that help organizations develop sustainable services around collections as data.  over the course of i worked as a practitioner research in residence at oclc research, interviewing and holding convenings for professionals within and outside of libraries in the united states. this work culminated in the community research agenda responsible operations: data science, machine learning, and ai in libraries. i felt a lot of pressure to get this work right. i did not want to write some breathless utopian endorsement of ai. any success i have in that regard is due to the wisdom of the community, any failures are mine. the library community in the united states feels like it has reached a certain level of awareness regarding the pitfalls of ai, helped considerably by the work of safiya noble, practitioners like jason clark, and an understanding that library community practices have long held the potential to systematically impact communities in a discriminatory manner.  rumman chowdhury introduced me to the concept of responsible operations which was a perfect way to encapsulate where it feels like we are as a community. a number of us want to use ai to strengthen library services but only if it doesn’t compromise commitments to cultivating a more equitable society. of course, no community is uniform in their beliefs, and libraries are no exception. some at junior and senior levels have quietly &# ; and not so quietly &# ; expressed the view that preoccupation with responsibility or ethics is orthogonal to progress and allows the library community to be beat in some imagined race with the private sector. these are dangerous views and the stakes are real. we must act accordingly. &# ; for years, many in the library and cultural heritage world have critiqued digitization efforts as replicating (or even accelerating) long-standing biases that center on white, male, and us/eurocentric collection patterns, viewpoints, and catalog descriptions. in both the santa barbara statement on collections as data and the always already computational: collections as data final report, you and your partners have pointed to a crucial need for critical engagement with biases and shortcomings and an intention to address the needs of vulnerable communities represented in the materials. what are some examples of these approaches that you’ve found to be successful? collections as data: part to whole requires that regrantees demonstrate capacity to serve underrepresented communities &# ; a consideration that spans thematic coverage of the collection in question, community buy-in, and a demonstrated commitment to ethical principles that work against the potential for harm. examples of part to whole work addressing your questions include but are not limited to kim pham’s effort at the university of denver to develop a terms of use for collections as data and amanda henley and maria estorino’s effort at the university of north carolina chapel hill to discover and increase access to jim crow laws and other racially-based legislation in north carolina between reconstruction and the civil rights movement.  more broadly, there is so much good work being done. i am super inspired by dorothy berry’s advocacy at harvard, resulting in a - exclusive focus on the digitization of black american history. i am inspired by the global indigenous data alliance’s care principles, co-led by stephanie russo carroll and maui hudson. a response to the fair principles, care problematizes fair’s, “focus on characteristics of data that will facilitate increased data sharing among entities while ignoring power differentials and historical contexts.” a care principle like indigenous “authority to control” presents a difficult and needed challenge to the cultural heritage community. what could it look like for more institutions to relinquish control of collections to their rightful owners? it is not often the case that capital &# ; stolen or not &# ; is returned and i imagine even the most well meaning libraries will struggle mightily within their own hierarchies to make this happen. i appreciate eun seo jo and timnit gebru’s effort to bridge the archives community and machine learning community. attempts to thread the needle on cross-domain work is always tough but it is definitely needed.  t-kay sangwand’s preservation is political: enacting contributive justice and decolonizing transnational archival collaborations is a must read. michelle caswell’s work &# ; as a read more the post endangering data interview with thomas padilla appeared first on dlf. 	catching up with past ndsa innovation awards winners: aims project the aims project (an inter-institutional model for stewardship) won a innovation award in the project category. aims participants were recognized for their work developing a framework for stewarding born-digital content and filling the gap between applying standards such as oais and the necessary workflows and tools for implementation. the responses to this q&# ;a were provided by aims project participants from stanford university, university of hull, and university of virginia. what have you/project teams been doing since receiving an ndsa innovation award? stanford: made the digital archivist position continuing (aka “real”), + years ago we added another full-time digital archivist. dlss &# ; special collections collaborated to build our capacity and procedures for acquiring and processing and delivering b-d materials. received grants to develop our open-source email processing/delivery platform (epadd project, discovery online). this last has morphed into a new grant application by harvard &# ; the univ. of manchester (w/ us as consultants) to further develop epadd with more preservation elements. total born-digital collections acquired since : ~ accessions and ~ tb. born-digital processing projects (processed and in progress) include: amos gitai, dorothy fadiman, helen &# ; newton harrison, ted nelson, new dimensions, silicon genesis, ruth asawa, lourdes portillo. other collection acquisition highlights (unprocessed) include: rebecca solnit, lynn hershman-leeson, marlon riggs, bob stein, david bohrman. through the born-digital program, stanford and virginia are members of the software preservation network and both nodes for the emulation as a service infrastructure (eaasi) project stanford dlss and special collections has also worked together with a number of other institutions, including university of michigan, duke university, indiana university, and princeton university to develop arclight, an open source discovery and delivery environment for archives. after yale, mark matienzo served as the director of technology for the digital public library of america, and joined stanford in . virginia: we have also made digital preservation and management a priority by making the aims position permanent.  we have been fortunate to have both digital archivists and a digital preservation librarian as full time positions. virginia incubated and created the academic preservation trust. aptrust has over tb of content and is growing all the time. hull: simon wilson retained responsibility for born-digital archives when he returned to his substantive role as senior archivist. hull retained a high profile across the uk with lots of advocacy for encouraging organisations to take practical steps with digital preservation and proposed that digital archives could be undertaken as a shared-service between multiple archive services. the project gave us a huge boost of confidence with increased advocacy within the institution and lead to the inclusion of born-digital archives as key activity for the library service colleagues from hull collaborated with the university of york in a project funded by jisc to look at the suitability of archivematica to support research data management activity &# ; an opportunity to review and identify similarities and differences between research data and born-digital archives advocated and secured funding from a range of sources including the national archives to create an archive for hull uk city of culture what did receiving the ndsa innovation award in for aims mean to you and/or the project team? recognition of work that was critical to the basic operations within archives then and now. this was an international group that came together, identified significant challenges, and developed strategies to address them. the award also helped introduce and integrate our work into the larger preservation community. since , virginia, for example, has been very active in the ndsa with two staff being elected as coordinating committee chairs and several others being chairs of interest and working groups. the encouragement of working with others for mutual benefit &# ; a legacy that has remained central to our philosophy. simon wilson served on the digital preservation coalition’s partnership and sustainability sub-committee ( - ) and contributed to the international curatorial team reviewing ndsa levels of digital preservation what efforts, advances, or ideas over the last - years have caught your attention or interest in the area of digital stewardship? there are too many to note but the rise of distributed digital preservation services has made significant advances to help many organizations understand and implement digital preservation in a cost effective manner. software preservation and emulation have also risen to the fore based on much of the scholarly foundations of folks like those at mith. with the rise of cloud services, emulated environments are now much more standardized than they were in the aims years. the aims project was a significant collaborative and technical endeavor. what components of the project do you think have sustained or grown in the digital stewardship community over time? what ideas or work from the project had you hoped would gain traction in the community, but did not quite catch on? we still live in hope of an integrated hierarchical collections discovery platform and ui. entities like the dpla, though one of the largest digital portals in the world, still lack the means to represent hierarchical collections. much of our archival materials (including born digital) are difficult to discover and access. what are some priorities or challenges you see for digital stewardship? better integration of new technologies such as augmented reality (which includes artificial intelligence and machine learning). there is too much data being produced for humans to manage themselves. metadata is still largely siloed by organization and efforts to integrate and iterate metadata is still a major challenge for the library and archives professions. digital preservation is still a major challenge for any organization that manages digital content. much of the funding still comes from collections budgets and a shift to consider preservation akin to infrastructure (like electricity) is the only way we will be able to scale to meet the challenge of preserving the cultural record. hull’s experience has been very dependent on project funding and this has seen phases of activity / in-activity which has demonstrated the need for dedicated resource to transition into a service which can be maintained though read more the post catching up with past ndsa innovation awards winners: aims project appeared first on dlf. 	catching up with past ndsa innovation awards winners: mid-michigan digital practitioners the mid-michigan digital practitioners (mmdp) won a innovation award in the organization category. mmdp was recognized for taking an innovative approach to providing support and guidance to the digital preservation community. the responses to this q&# ;a were provided by rick adler, ed busch, and bryan whitledge. what have you/the project team been doing since receiving an ndsa innovation award? since receiving the award, we have continued to do what we do best – connecting archivists, librarians, curators, historians, digital humanities experts, and other kindred professionals and students across michigan. cultural heritage workers have a disposition to share knowledge with others. mmdp is all about sharing knowledge and our constituency is other cultural heritage workers. we connect via our semi-annual meetings (which, thanks to support from the library of michigan, and other institutions, have remained free for attendees) and through our listserv list. in light of the public health emergency, we didn’t hold a spring meeting, but we did hold some virtual check-ins to connect with the mmdp community and share experiences about working from home, dealing with job cuts at our institutions, or returning to the physical workspace. we are looking forward to a fully virtual fall meeting – we think that the mid-michigan digital practitioners should be able to pull off a great virtual meeting! one effort we undertook a few years ago was to create a directory of experts. conferences and meetings are great, and so is a listserv list, but sometimes it is nice for one person to connect with another to speak in-depth about a specific topic. the directory is a list of mmdp members who are willing to share their expertise in different skills and tools with other mmdp members on a one-on-one basis. if someone is looking for someone with policy-writing skills, we’ve got that. if another person needs some help with storymapjs, we’ve got that, too. and if another mmdp member needs some help cataloging cherokee-language materials, there is an expert who can help with that! we also have an mmdp member who led a pilot grant in michigan to explore the creation of a statewide digital preservation network. while the mmdp wasn’t part of the grant, we definitely contributed to getting the word out across the state. mmdp members have been at the table every step of the way. the project is now moving to the next phase in creating a digital preservation network and the mmdp is one venue for sharing information about the project with the people most likely to work with it. what did receiving the ndsa innovation award in for mmdp mean to you and/or the project team? back when we started, we were an experiment… and it worked. so, the recognition was very meaningful. the award definitely raised our profile outside of michigan. hopefully, we have inspired other digital practitioners from around the country to form similar groups. for us, in terms of our michigan constituency, it reinforced our conviction that what we are doing is valuable and needs to be sustained. many of our more recent members might not know about the ndsa innovation award, but the commitment, effort, and spirit that led ndsa to bestow the award upon us are still present in everything we strive to do for our community. what efforts, advances, or ideas over the last - years have caught your attention or interest in the area of digital stewardship? lowering the barriers to entry—across the board—for digital culture. the barriers are numerous and they aren’t solely financial. the network we mentioned a moment ago is an example of that. here in michigan, we have some world-class institutions and they can create homegrown digital preservation environments that are second-to-none. but we also have many small historical societies with historical collections that are just as important, yet they don’t have the tools, the staff, or the finances to allow them to join a major digital-preservation endeavor. mmdp members can help to make digital preservation accessible to institutions of all stripes in michigan. our members have varying levels of knowhow about a wide range of digital stewardship topics (advocacy, governance, technical infrastructure skills, developing training materials, etc.), and encouraging them to share what they know expands the potential of cultural heritage professionals around michigan. also, we can lean on the technological tools and skills at those institutions that support the network to make the essential technology of digital preservation accessible to all at a relatively low cost. hopefully, through a project like this, every library, archives, museum, and historical society in the state can jump in and join the digital preservation effort. and we can get all of those historic photos off of old flash drives! another set of barriers that we hope to do away with are the limits to access that surround much of our digital cultural content. we are inspired by all of the various digital efforts across the state and the country. but there are so many fantastic resources that are buried behind paywalls and even more fantastic resources that don’t see the light of day because of the costs associated with making them available. one of our members works with cultural institutions all across the state to help them share their collection metadata through the digital public library of america and a new state portal called michigan memories. but that isn’t enough. we also need to find resources for institutions with fantastic content but no means to host it, and help them preserve it or make it accessible with low-cost or free tools. it includes developing k- lesson plans and curricula supported by the freely available primary sources—we know how great this content is, but we also have to be aware that many of our target audiences are swamped with information and they might not have time to wade through hundreds of primary sources across several different platforms to develop a the perfect lesson. if we can help with that, students across the state benefit. the mmdp read more the post catching up with past ndsa innovation awards winners: mid-michigan digital practitioners appeared first on dlf. 	dlf and ndsa among finalists for digital preservation awards we’re thrilled by today’s announcement that projects from both dlf’s born-digital access working group (bdawg) and ndsa are among the finalists for the digital preservation coalition’s (dpc’s) prestigious digital preservation awards .   one of three finalists for the software sustainability institute award for research and innovation, bdawg is being recognized for its white paper, levels of born-digital access (lbda), a set of benchmarks and practical guidelines supporting access to born-digital materials. lbda lays out recommendations for accessibility, description, researcher support and discovery, security, and tools that institutions can consider implementing according to their needs, resources, and abilities. read more about the project. ndsa’s levels of digital preservation revision project (lodp) is among three finalists for the international council on archives (ica) award for collaboration and cooperation. first released in as a tiered set of recommendations for how organizations should begin to build or enhance their digital preservation activities, lodp was updated in with broad community input. read more about the project. learn more about other finalists and award categories at https://www.dpconline.org/events/digital-preservation-awards/the-finalists, and tune in to the #wemissipres program showcasing “the best of digital preservation in ” on wednesday, sept. . we congratulate all of the finalists! dpc member voting opens sept. and goes through oct. . winners will be announced on world preservation day, nov. , as part of an online celebration. the post dlf and ndsa among finalists for digital preservation awards appeared first on dlf. 	meet the ndsa coordinating committee candidates for the election this year we have four people who have thrown their hats into the ring to run for the ndsa’s coordinating committee (cc), of which we will elect three. the cc is dedicated to ensuring a strategic direction for ndsa, to the advancement of ndsa activities to achieve community goals, and to further communication among digital preservation professionals and ndsa member organizations. the cc is responsible for reviewing and approving ndsa membership applications and publications; updating eligibility standards for membership in the alliance, and other strategic documents; engaging with stakeholders in the community; and working to enroll new members committed to our core mission. the successful candidates will each serve a three year term.  each member organization will receive an email invitation to the ballot in the coming weeks. but right now let’s meet the candidates! &# ; elizabeth england, digital preservation specialist, u.s. national archives and records administration  elizabeth england is a digital preservation specialist at the u.s. national archives and records administration, where she participates in strategic and operational initiatives and services for the preservation of born-digital and digitized records. she previously was the digital archivist and a national digital stewardship resident at johns hopkins university. elizabeth currently serves on the ndsa communications and publications group and the digipres planning committee. as a past recipient of the ndsa future steward award, elizabeth is interested in advancing ndsa as a resource and community for students and early-career digital stewards, and strengthening the alliance by increasing representation and inclusion of smaller institutions and colleagues from groups marginalized in the field. elizabeth is interested in joining the coordinating committee to help further realize this work as well as priorities identified in the agenda, particularly around the value of digital preservation labor and exploring sustainability models for digital stewardship educational and training programs. &# ; jessica c. neal, college archivist, hampshire college  jessica is a black, queer, millennial archivist and memory worker from mobile, al. in addition to her work in academia, jessica has centered her career on building frameworks around the ethics of documentation that focus on black-led social movements, art, literature, and struggle throughout the diaspora. specifically, she is committed to partnering with communities of color to recover, document, and maintain autonomy over the processes in which their narratives and narrative art are preserved and accessed, particularly through the oral history tradition and digital environments. jessica also has experience working in academic libraries and archives, historical societies, federal government, and private sector organizations. she is currently the college archivist at hampshire college, a workshop facilitator with docnow and a member of ndsa’s digipres planning committee. &# ; linda tadic, founder/ceo, digital bedrock    linda has served on the coordinating committee for the past two years. during this time, she has promoted the levels of digital preservation to broader communities, in particular to media and entertainment organizations and non-academic institutions. she was a co-presenter on the levels at the conference of the association of moving image archivists (amia), of which she is a founding member and former president . as an educator, she incorporates ndsa reports and projects into her courses in the ucla information studies department, and has previously served as an adjunct in nyu’s moving image archiving and preservation program. linda brings to the cc her diverse experience working in non-profit and educational archives, managing digital asset management systems, and founding digital bedrock, a managed digital preservation service provider. she has over years of experience in leading preservation, metadata, and digital production operations at organizations such as artstor, hbo, the media archives and peabody awards collection at the university of georgia, and the getty research institute. if re-elected, linda will continue promoting ndsa, its activities, and digital preservation concepts to new potential constituencies. linda participates in the infrastructure working group. &# ; frederick zarndt, consultant, digital divide data / recollect cms frederick has worked with historic and contemporary newspaper, journal, magazine, book, and records digitization since computer speeds, software, technology, storage, and costs first made it practical. he has experience in every aspect of digitization projects including project requirements development, project management, conversion operations (both in-house and outsourced), acceptance testing, software development for production and delivery of digital data, and digital preservation. frederick has been a member of the ifla governing board, as well as, chair of its division ii and former secretary and chair of the ifla news media section. for years, he was the administrative chair of the alto xml editorial board. frederick has more than years’ experience in software development and is a member of acm and ieee and a certified software development professional (csdp). he is a member of ala and ifla. frederick has master&# ;s degrees in computer science and physics. &# ; the post meet 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	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 noise.offthesky.com 	 facebook (offthesky) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more offthesky , listeners related tags 	ambient 	glitch 	soundscape offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in the womb by performing on the uterus wall to cope with the intense darkness. he finally forged an escape plan in and upgraded his musical medium to a sterling kitchen floor kit. many years later during the dark ages of the /amiga, jason retired the cutlery to began forging into the vast void of bit tracking. later he began his travels to countless electronic music events which catalysted hi… read more offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in th… read more offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in the womb by performing on the uterus wall to cop… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 kate carr , listeners 	 motionfield , listeners 	 shuttle , listeners 	 wil bolton , listeners 	 christopher bissonnette , listeners 	 olga wojciechowska , listeners 	 pjusk , listeners 	 fennesz , listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday 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(offthesky) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close david newlyn music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. david newlyn play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release apparitions i and ii june play album 	 popular this week no rest in the silence listener photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists david newlyn is durham-based electronic artist. newlyn is no stranger to music, aside from running the cdr label october man recordings, he has appeared on several boltfish compilations and previously released the didn't know where i was ep and the debut album, wait here with me. view wiki david newlyn is durham-based electronic artist. newlyn is no stranger to music, aside from running the cdr label october man recordings, he has appeared on several boltfish compilations and previously released the didn't know where i was ep and the debut album, wait here with me. view wiki david newlyn is durham-based electronic artist. newlyn is no stranger to music, aside from running the cdr label october man recordings, he has appeared on several boltfish compilations and previously released the didn't know where i was ep and the debut album, wait here with me. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	idm 	experimental 	electronica add tagsview all tags similar to 	 isnaj dui 	 relmic statute 	 damian valles view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 no rest in the silence 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 overview 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 piano piece 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 dilated 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 ancient lights , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 social claustrophobia listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 disintegrating suburban dream listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 too late in the wrong rain listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday 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wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 add image add image external links 	 transmissionspage.wordpress.com don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday 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september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 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we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 add image add image external links 	 transmissionspage.wordpress.com similar artists play all 	 isnaj dui , listeners 	 relmic statute , listeners 	 damian valles , listeners 	 hessien , listeners 	 michael santos , listeners 	 northerner , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close jens pauly music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. jens pauly play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release below june play album 	 popular this week tyne listeners photo 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	german 	electronic 	experimental 	electronica add tagsview all tags similar to 	 moss covered technology 	 hipnotic earth 	 samsuo view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 tyne 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 below 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 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view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 vihne listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 r/f listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 below listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 distanz listeners mar · track play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 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december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday 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sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 moss covered technology listeners 	 hipnotic earth listeners 	 samsuo listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 ben rath listeners 	 stijn hüwels listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close archipelago — halftribe | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. halftribe archipelago more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	idm 	downtempo 	electronic 	england add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 exposed 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 we are dust 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 broken beams 	 	 buy 	loading 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this track 	 subliminal 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 imperfect 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 arboretum poemme , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 la equidistancia leandro fresco , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 leaving shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drift stations ep glåsbird listeners play album buy 	loading 	 driftwood snufmumriko listeners play album buy 	loading 	 surface textures andrew tasselmyer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the art of listening (original score soundtrack) christopher willits , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 adrift robert farrugia listeners play album buy 	loading 	 four years away sinerider listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hotel neon hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beautiful nowhere offthesky , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 weightless anthéne listeners play album buy 	loading 	 arboretum poemme , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 la equidistancia leandro fresco , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 leaving shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drift stations ep glåsbird listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 driftwood snufmumriko listeners play album buy 	loading 	 surface textures andrew tasselmyer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the art of listening (original score soundtrack) christopher willits , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 adrift robert farrugia listeners play album buy 	loading 	 four years away sinerider listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hotel neon hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beautiful nowhere offthesky , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 weightless anthéne listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@halftribal) 	 facebook (halftribe) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images halftribe , listeners related tags 	ambient 	idm 	downtempo ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 sinerider , listeners 	 hotel neon , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 purl , listeners 	 r beny , listeners 	 offthesky , listeners 	 poemme , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@halftribal) 	 facebook (halftribe) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close fragment - — hirotaka shirotsubaki | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. hirotaka shirotsubaki fragment - more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	japanese 	chillout 	soundscape add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 how not to disappear (completely) pepo galán listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for a sad guitar rest you sleeping giant listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pareidolia powlos listeners play album buy 	loading 	 short stories shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stratus (remodel) svlbrd listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the endless now wouter veldhuis listeners play album buy 	loading 	 from stills to motion adam pacione , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 today will not be like tomorrow tone color listeners play album buy 	loading 	 life will set you free eternell listeners play album buy 	loading 	 not in my family tree easychord listeners play album buy 	loading 	 beyond the shore, the sea darwin raymond listeners play album buy 	loading 	 terminus nobuto suda , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 how not to disappear (completely) pepo galán listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for a sad guitar rest you sleeping giant listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pareidolia powlos listeners play album buy 	loading 	 short stories shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 stratus (remodel) svlbrd listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the endless now wouter veldhuis listeners play album buy 	loading 	 from stills to motion adam pacione , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 today will not be like tomorrow tone color listeners play album buy 	loading 	 life will set you free eternell listeners play album buy 	loading 	 not in my family tree easychord listeners play album buy 	loading 	 beyond the shore, the sea darwin raymond listeners play album buy 	loading 	 terminus nobuto suda , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 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about this artist artist images hirotaka shirotsubaki , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	japanese hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the suburbs where he grew up, his early music’s major themes were the city and nature. however, his later music tends towards the impersonal, allowing each listener to fit the sounds into the spaces of his or her life, attempting to link the ideas of memory and recollection into his music. https://hshirptsubaki.bandcamp.com https://soundcloud.com/infection view wiki hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the subur… read more hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the suburbs where he grew up, his early music’s major t… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 blank embrace , listeners 	 nobuto suda , listeners 	 steve pacheco listeners 	 reverberant evenings , listeners 	 rest you sleeping giant , listeners 	 tone color , listeners 	 tsone , listeners 	 darwin raymond listeners 	 shuta yasukochi , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close u.s. gao - food insecurity: better information could help eligible college students access federal food assistance benefits skip navigation 						 advanced search 	reports & testimonies 	bid protests & appropriations law 	key issues 	about gao 	multimedia 	 	 food insecurity: better information could help eligible college students access federal food assistance benefits gao- - : published: dec , . publicly released: jan , . 	fast facts 	highlights 	recommendations view report (pdf, pages) 	share this: 	  	  	  	  additional materials: 	 highlights page: 	 (pdf, page) 	full report: 	view report (pdf, pages) 	 accessible version: 	 (pdf, pages) contact: 	 	 kathryn larin ( ) - larink@gao.gov   	 	 office of public affairs 	 ( ) - 	 youngc @gao.gov 	 	many college students may not have enough to eat—but nobody knows exactly how many. studies show a range of estimates, but none of the we reviewed provided a national estimate. we also looked at student use of the supplemental nutrition assistance program. of the . million students who were potentially eligible in , less than half said they participated. 	colleges have responded to student hunger by opening food pantries and helping students understand complicated snap rules. 	we recommended the food and nutrition service clarify the rules and share information on how states help eligible students use snap. 	as of september , over colleges reported having a food pantry on campus that provides free food to college students in need. 	 	photo of metal shelf with non-perishable items like cereal and peanut butter. 	view highlights additional materials: 	 highlights page: 	 (pdf, page) 	full report: 	view report (pdf, pages) 	 accessible version: 	 (pdf, pages) contact: 	 	 kathryn larin ( ) - larink@gao.gov   	 	 office of public affairs 	 ( ) - 	 youngc @gao.gov 	 	what gao found 	there is limited information about the national prevalence of food insecurity among college students. gao reviewed studies that identified a wide range of food insecurity rates among the students studied, but the studies did not provide national estimates. college students at risk of food insecurity may be eligible for benefits from the food and nutrition service's (fns) supplemental nutrition assistance program (snap). however, gao's analysis of department of education (education) data shows that almost million at-risk students who were potentially eligible for snap did not report receiving benefits in . according to gao's analysis, having a low income is the most common risk factor for food insecurity among college students. among low-income students, most have one additional risk factor associated with food insecurity, such as being a first-generation student or a single parent. 	the selected colleges that gao contacted were addressing student food insecurity in a number of ways. for example, all were providing free food to students through on-campus food pantries, and most were offering emergency funds to help students pay for living expenses that might otherwise force them to choose between buying food or staying in school. many of these colleges had centralized student services to better address their students' basic needs and provide other support, such as screening students for potential eligibility and helping them apply for federal benefit programs like snap. 	selected colleges' initiatives to address student food insecurity 	 	federal student aid generally does not cover all college costs for low-income students, and college students may have limited access to federal food assistance programs such as snap because of program eligibility restrictions. some state snap agencies reported that they are taking steps to help students access snap by conducting outreach to colleges and developing guidance. nevertheless, at of the colleges gao contacted, some college officials and students said that they were unfamiliar with or did not fully understand snap's student eligibility rules. some college officials said that they would like information from fns to better explain snap student rules, but fns has not made such information easily accessible on its website. further, college officials and state snap agencies noted that fns does not share examples of actions taken by other states to help eligible students access snap. clarification of snap student eligibility rules and enhanced information sharing about state efforts could help ensure that potentially eligible college students can access federal food assistance programs. 	why gao did this study 	increasing evidence indicates that some college students are experiencing food insecurity, which can negatively impact their academic success. however, college students are only eligible for snap in certain cases. given the substantial federal investment in higher education and the risk posed if students do not complete their degrees, gao was asked to review food insecurity among college students. 	this report examines ( ) what is known about the extent of food insecurity among college students and their use of snap; ( ) how selected colleges are addressing student food insecurity; and ( ) the extent to which federal programs assist students experiencing food insecurity. gao reviewed relevant federal laws and agency documents and studies on student food insecurity; analyzed federal student data (the most recent available), and visited four states, selected based on actions taken to address student food insecurity, geographic diversity, and other factors. gao interviewed researchers; officials from education, fns national and regional offices; and officials at colleges, including students at of these colleges. gao also emailed all state snap agencies about their efforts related to students. 	what gao recommends 	gao recommends that fns ( ) improve student eligibility information on its website and ( ) share information on state snap agencies' approaches to help eligible students. fns partially concurred, and plans to review its information. gao continues to believe additional action is warranted, as discussed in the report. 	for more information, contact kathryn larin at ( ) - or larink@gao.gov. recommendations for executive action 	 status: open comments: fns partially concurred with this recommendation and in september , the agency stated that it will take actions to address the recommendation by february . first, fns said it would review the information regarding student snap eligibility on its website and, where possible, revise this information to reduce legal and technical language. fns also stated it will evaluate the placement of student snap eligibility content on its website and assess alternatives to increase accessibility of this information for colleges and state snap agencies. we continue to believe that changes to fns's existing information are needed to improve the clarity and accessibility of information about snap student eligibility requirements on fns's website. once we receive additional information about improvements to fns's website, we will update the status of this recommendation. recommendation: the administrator of fns should make information on their website regarding student snap eligibility requirements easier to understand and more accessible, as a resource for colleges and state snap agencies. (recommendation ) agency affected: department of agriculture: office of the secretary: food, nutrition and consumer services: food and nutrition service 	 status: open comments: fns partially concurred with this recommendation and, in september , stated that it is currently evaluating strategies to address this recommendation utilizing existing resources. specifically, fns stated that by august , it will assess suitable mechanisms (e.g., policy memos, webinars, conferences) for information sharing with state snap agencies and disseminate that material as resources allow. we continue to believe that fns needs to work with its regional offices to identify and share additional information about state approaches to assist eligible college students with access to snap benefits. once we receive additional information about fns's information sharing activities, we will update the status of this recommendation. recommendation: the administrator of fns should coordinate with its regional offices to collect and review information about existing snap flexibilities and examples of approaches state snap agencies are taking to assist eligible college students to access snap benefits, and share such information with state snap agencies. (recommendation ) agency affected: department of agriculture: office of the secretary: food, nutrition and consumer services: food and nutrition service   explore the full database of gao's open recommendations » find recent work on agriculture and food  » explore related key issues  » nov , 	 food safety: cdc could further strengthen its efforts to identify and respond to foodborne illnesses gao- - : published: oct , . publicly released: nov , . nov , 	 farm programs: usda has improved its completion of eligibility compliance reviews, but additional oversight is needed gao- - : published: oct , . publicly released: nov , . sep , 	 agriculture spending: opportunities exist for usda to identify successes and challenges of the farmers to families food box program to inform future efforts gao- - r: published: sep , . publicly released: sep , . sep , 	 usda market facilitation program: information on payments for gao- - r: published: aug , . publicly released: sep , . aug , 	 national bio and agro-defense facility: dhs and usda are working to transfer ownership and prepare for operations, but critical steps remain gao- - : published: jul , . publicly released: aug , . may , 	 food safety: fda and usda could strengthen existing efforts to prepare for oversight of cell-cultured meat gao- - : published: apr , . publicly released: may , . apr , 	 priority open recommendations: u.s. department of agriculture gao- - pr: published: apr , . publicly released: apr , . dec , 	 nutrition assistance programs: agencies could do more to help address the nutritional needs of older adults gao- - : published: nov , . publicly released: dec , . dec , 	 imported seafood safety: actions needed to improve fda oversight of import alert removal decisions gao- - : published: nov , . publicly released: dec , . nov , 	 irrigated agriculture: technologies, practices, and implications for water scarcity gao- - sp: published: nov , . publicly released: nov , . looking for more? browse all our products here explore our key issues on agriculture and food 	children's health and safety 	farm programs 	food safety - high risk issue 	international food assistance explore our other key issues here 	press center 	copyright & terms of use 	foia requests 	contact us 	privacy policy 	scam alerts 	inspector general 	accessibility 	no fear act data 	restricted reports 	sitemap discogs api documentation api 	changelog 	api forum 	create an app 	api terms of use  back to tophome quickstart general information rate limiting pagination versioning and media types faq authentication discogs auth flow oauth flow request token url access token url database release release rating by user get release rating by user update release rating by user delete release rating by user community release rating release stats master release master release versions artist artist releases label all label releases search videos images marketplace inventory listing get listing edit a listing delete a listing new listing order get order edit an order list orders list order messages list order messages add new message fee fee with currency price suggestions release statistics inventory export export your inventory get recent exports get an export download an export inventory upload add inventory change inventory delete inventory get recent uploads get an upload user identity identity profile get profile edit profile user submissions user contributions user collection collection get collection folders create folder collection folder get folders edit folder delete folder collection items by release collection items by folder add to collection folder change rating of release delete instance from folder list custom fields edit fields instance collection value user wantlist wantlist add to wantlist add to wantlist edit release in wantlist delete release from wantlist user lists user lists list https://api.discogs.com home  here’s your place to code all things discogs! the discogs api lets developers build their own discogs-powered applications for the web, desktop, and mobile devices. we hope the api will connect and empower a community of music lovers around the world! the discogs api v . is a restful interface to discogs data. you can access json-formatted information about database objects such as artists, releases, and labels. your application can also manage user collections and wantlists, create marketplace listings, and more. some discogs data is made available under the cc no rights reserved license, and some is restricted data, as defined in our api terms of use. our monthly data dumps are available under the the cc no rights reserved license. if you utilize the discogs api, you are subject to the api terms of use. please also ensure that any application you develop follows the discogs application name and description policy. quickstart  if you just want to see some results right now, issue this curl command: curl https://api.discogs.com/releases/ --user-agent "foobarapp/ . " for community-maintained client libraries and example code, see the links below: 	language	type	maintainer	url 	node.js	client	bartve	https://github.com/bartve/disconnect 	php	client	ricbra	https://github.com/ricbra/php-discogs-api 	python	client	joalla	https://github.com/joalla/discogs_client 	python	example	jesseward	https://github.com/jesseward/discogs-oauth-example 	ruby	client	buntine	https://github.com/buntine/discogs general information  your application must provide a user-agent string that identifies itself – preferably something that follows rfc . some good examples include: awesomediscogsbrowser/ . +http://adb.example.com librarymetadataenhancer/ . +http://example.com/lime mydiscogsclient/ . +http://mydiscogsclient.org please don’t just copy one of those! make it unique so we can let you know if your application starts to misbehave – the alternative is that we just silently block it, which will confuse and infuriate your users. here are some bad examples that are unclear or obscure the nature of the application: curl/ . . (i -pc-linux-gnu) libcurl . . (openssl . . b) mozilla/ . (x ; linux i ; rv: . . ) gecko/ firefox/ . . my app jsonp ¶ when a callback query string parameter is supplied, the api can return responses in jsonp format. jsonp, by its nature, cannot access http information like headers or the status code, so the api supplies that information in the response, like so: get https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ?callback=callbackname ok content-type: text/javascript callbackname({ "meta": { "status": , }, "data": { "id": , "name": "persuader, the" // ... and so on } }) rate limiting  requests are throttled by the server by source ip to per minute for authenticated requests, and per minute for unauthenticated requests, with some exceptions. your application should identify itself to our servers via a unique user agent string in order to achieve the maximum number of requests per minute. our rate limiting tracks your requests using a moving average over a second window. if no requests are made in seconds, your window will reset. we attach the following headers to responses to help you track your rate limit use: x-discogs-ratelimit: the total number of requests you can make in a one minute window. x-discogs-ratelimit-used : the number of requests you’ve made in your existing rate limit window. x-discogs-ratelimit-remaining: the number of remaining requests you are able to make in the existing rate limit window. your application should take our global limit into account and throttle its requests locally. in the future, we may update these rate limits at any time in order to provide service for all users. pagination  some resources represent collections of objects and may be paginated. by default, items per page are shown. to browse different pages, or change the number of items per page (up to ), use the page and per_page query string parameters: get https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= responses include a link header: link: <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=next, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=first, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=last, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=prev and a pagination object in the response body: { "pagination": { "page": , "pages": , "items": , "per_page": , "urls": { "first": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "prev": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "next": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "last": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= " } }, "releases": [ ... ] } versioning and media types  currently, our api only supports one version: v . however, you can specify a version in your requests to future-proof your application. by adding an accept header with the version and media type, you can guarantee your requests will receive data from the correct version you develop your app on. a standard accept header may look like this: application/vnd.discogs.v .html+json if you are requesting information from an endpoint that may have text formatting in it, you can choose which kind of formatting you want to be returned by changing that section of the accept header. we currently support types: application/vnd.discogs.v .html+json application/vnd.discogs.v .plaintext+json application/vnd.discogs.v .discogs+json if no accept header is supplied, or if the accept header differs from one of the three previous options, we default to application/vnd.discogs.v .discogs+json. faq  . why am i getting an empty response from the server? this generally happens when you forget to add a user-agent header to your requests. . how do i get updates about the api? subscribe to our api announcements forum thread. for larger, breaking changes, we will send out an email notice to all developers with a registered discogs application. . where can i register a discogs application? you can register a discogs application on the developer settings. . if i have a question/issue with the api, should i file a support request? it’s generally best to start out with a forum post on the api topic since other developers may have had similar issues and can point you in the right direction. if the issue requires privacy, then a support request is the best way to go. . i’m getting a response when trying to fetch images; what gives? this may seem obvious, but make sure you aren’t doing anything to change the url. the urls returned are signed urls, so trying to change one part of the url (e.g., release id number) will generally not work. . what are the authentication requirements for requesting images? please see the images documentation page. . why am i getting a particular http response? ok the request was successful, and the requested data is provided in the response body. continue you’ve sent a post request to a list of resources to create a new one. the id of the newly-created resource will be provided in the body of the response. no content the request was successful, and the server has no additional information to convey, so the response body is empty. unauthorized you’re attempting to access a resource that first requires authentication. see authenticating with oauth. forbidden you’re not allowed to access this resource. even if you authenticated, or already have, you simply don’t have permission. trying to modify another user’s profile, for example, will produce this error. not found the resource you requested doesn’t exist. method not allowed you’re trying to use an http verb that isn’t supported by the resource. trying to put to /artists/ , for example, will fail because artists are read-only. unprocessable entity your request was well-formed, but there’s something semantically wrong with the body of the request. this can be due to malformed json, a parameter that’s missing or the wrong type, or trying to perform an action that doesn’t make any sense. check the response body for specific information about what went wrong. internal server error something went wrong on our end while attempting to process your request. the response body’s message field will contain an error code that you can send to discogs support (which will help us track down your specific issue). next  previous authentication  this section describes the various methods of authenticating with the discogs api. registration ¶ in order to access protected endpoints, you’ll need to register for either a consumer key and secret or user token, depending on your situation: 	 to easily access your own user account information, use a user token. 	 to get access to an endpoint that requires authentication and build rd party apps, use a consumer key and secret. to get one of these, sign up for a discogs account if you don’t have one already, and go to your developer settings. from there, you can create a new application/token or edit the metadata for an existing app. when you create a new application, you’ll be granted a consumer key and consumer secret, which you can plug into your application and start making authenticated requests. it’s important that you don’t disclose the consumer secret to anyone. generating a user token is as easy as clicking the generate token button on the developer settings. keep this token private, as it allows users to access your information. oauth endpoints ¶ the oauth . a flow involves three server-side endpoints: request token url: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/request_token authorize url: https://www.discogs.com/oauth/authorize access token url: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/access_token for convenience, these are also listed on the edit application page. once authenticated, you can test that everything’s working correctly by requesting the identity resource. discogs auth flow  if you do not plan on building an app which others can log into on their behalf, you should use this authentication method as it is much simpler and is still secure. discogs auth requires that requests be made over https, as you are sending your app’s key/secret or token in the request. to send requests with discogs auth, you have two options: sending your credentials in the query string with key and secret parameters or a token parameter, for example: curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana&key=foo &secret=bar " or curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana&token=abcxyz " your other option is to send your credentials in the request as an authorization header, as follows: curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana" -h "authorization: discogs key=foo , secret=bar " or curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana" -h "authorization: discogs token=abcxyz " what differentiates the key/secret pair option from the token option? let’s look at this table: 	credentials in request	rate limiting?	image urls?	authenticated as user? 	none	🐢 low tier	❌ no	❌ no 	only consumer key/secret	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	❌ no 	full oauth . a with access token/secret (see below)	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	✔️ yes, on behalf of any user 🌍 	personal access token	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	✔️ yes, for token holder only 👩 in other words: 	 using the key and secret will get you image urls. these are unavailable to unauthenticated requests. 	 using the key and secret will up your rate limit, unlike unauthenticated requests. 	 but using the key and secret does not identify the requester as any particular user, and as such will not grant access to any resources users should be able to see on their own account (e.g. marketplace orders, private inventory fields, private collections). you will need to use either of the token options for these resources. that’s it! continue sending the key/secret pair or user token with the rest of your requests. oauth flow  oauth is a protocol that allows users to grant access to their data without having to share their password. this is an explanation of how a web application may work with discogs using oauth . a. we highly suggest you use an oauth library/wrapper to simplify the process of authenticating. . obtain consumer key and consumer secret from developer settings ¶ application registration can be found here: https://www.discogs.com/settings/developers you only need to register once per application you make. you should not share your consumer secret, as it acts as a sort of password for your requests. . send a get request to the discogs request token url ¶ get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/request_token include the following headers with your request: content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_callback="your_callback" user-agent: some_user_agent note: using an oauth library instead of generating these requests manually will likely save you a headache if you are new to oauth. please refer to your oauth library’s documentation if you choose to do so. as the example shows, we suggest sending requests with https and the plaintext signature method over hmac-sha due to its simple yet secure nature. this involves setting your oauth_signature_method to “plaintext” and your oauth_signature to be your consumer secret followed by an ampersand (&). if all goes well with the request, you should get an http ok response. if an invalid oauth request is sent, you will receive an http bad request response. be sure to include a unique user-agent in the request headers. a successful request will return a response that contains the following content: oauth request token (oauth_token), an oauth request token secret (oauth_token_secret), and a callback confirmation (oauth_callback_confirmed). these will be used in the following steps. . redirect your user to the discogs authorize page ¶ authorization page: https://discogs.com/oauth/authorize?oauth_token=<your_oauth_request_token> this page will ask the user to authorize your app on behalf of their discogs account. if they accept and authorize, they will receive a verifier key to use as verification. this key is used in the next phase of oauth authentication. if you added a callback url to your discogs application registration, the user will be redirected to that url, and you can capture their verifier from the response. the verifier will be used to generate the access token in the next step. you can always edit your application settings to include a callback url (i.e., you don’t need to re-create a new application). . send a post request to the discogs access token url ¶ post https://api.discogs.com/oauth/access_token include the following headers in your request: content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_token="oauth_token_received_from_step_ " oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_verifier="users_verifier" user-agent: some_user_agent if the oauth access token is not created within minutes of when you receive the oauth request token, your oauth request token and verifier will expire, and you will need to re-create them. if you try to post to the access token url with an expired verifier or your request is malformed, you will receive an http bad request response. as the example shows, we suggest sending requests with https and the plaintext signature method over hmac-sha due to its simple yet secure nature. this involves setting your oauth_signature_method to “plaintext” and your oauth_signature to be your consumer secret followed by an ampersand (&). be sure to include a unique user-agent in the header. a successful request will return a response that contains an oauth access token (oauth_token) and an oauth access token secret (oauth_token_secret). these tokens do not expire (unless the user revokes access from your app), so you should store these tokens in a database or persistent storage to make future requests signed with oauth. all requests that require oauth will require these two tokens to be sent in the request. . send authenticated requests to discogs endpoints ¶ you are now ready to send authenticated requests with discogs through oauth. be sure to attach the user’s oauth access token and oauth access token secret to each request. to test that you are ready to send authenticated requests, send a get request to the identity url. a successful request will yield a response that contains information about the authenticated user. get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity oauth endpoints ¶ request token url  generate the request token request token get /oauth/request_token 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_callback="your_callback" user-agent: some_user_agent 	response   toggle 	 headers oauth_token: abc oauth_token_secret: xyz oauth_callback_confirmed: 'true' access token url  generate the access token access token post /oauth/access_token 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_token="oauth_token_received_from_step_ " oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_verifier="users_verifier" user-agent: some_user_agent 	response   toggle 	 headers oauth_token: abc oauth_token_secret: xyz next  previous database  release  the release resource represents a particular physical or digital object released by one or more artists. get release get /releases/{release_id}{?curr_abbr} get a release 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "title": "never gonna give you up", "id": , "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "", "name": "rick astley", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "data_quality": "correct", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/kaxvhuzuh_uat nnr zmjn lho=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/memory", "username": "memory" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/_ _", "username": "_ _" } ], "data_quality": "correct", "have": , "rating": { "average": . , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/memory", "username": "memory" }, "want": }, "companies": [ { "catno": "", "entity_type": " ", "entity_type_name": "phonographic copyright (p)", "id": , "name": "bmg records (uk) ltd.", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " }, { "catno": "", "entity_type": " ", "entity_type_name": "mastered at", "id": , "name": "utopia studios", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "country": "uk", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "extraartists": [ { "anv": "me co", "id": , "join": "", "name": "me company", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "design", "tracks": "" }, { "anv": "stock / aitken / waterman", "id": , "join": "", "name": "stock, aitken & waterman", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "producer, written-by", "tracks": "" } ], "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", "single", " rpm" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "electronic", "pop" ], "identifiers": [ { "type": "barcode", "value": " " }, ], "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/z_u yqxvdcwvnr tx hlnlaqo y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/z_u yqxvdcwvnr tx hlnlaqo y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ zygpr x hduka_jkhpjf sn mm=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/enqxados t yi zq-r i_mt hsk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/enqxados t yi zq-r i_mt hsk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/abk fwgwsrdju bkcdwk gymkbo=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": "pb ", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "rca", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "lowest_price": . , "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "uk release has a black label with the text \"manufactured in england\" printed on it.\r\n\r\nsleeve:\r\n\u \u bmg records (uk) ltd. \u a \u bmg records (uk) ltd.\r\ndistributed in the uk by bmg records \u distribu\u e en europe par bmg/ariola \u vertrieb en europa d\u fcrch bmg/ariola.\r\n\r\ncenter labels:\r\n\u pete waterman ltd.\r\noriginal sound recording made by pwl.\r\nbmg records (uk) ltd. are the exclusive licensees for the world.\r\n\r\ndurations do not appear on the release.\r\n", "num_for_sale": , "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "synth-pop" ], "tracklist": [ { "duration": " : ", "position": "a", "title": "never gonna give you up", "type_": "track" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": "b", "title": "never gonna give you up (instrumental)", "type_": "track" } ], "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/rick-astley-never-gonna-give-you-up/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "rick astley - never gonna give you up (extended version)", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "rick astley - never gonna give you up (extended version)", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=te jjncbvg " }, ], "year": } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "release not found." } release rating by user  the release rating endpoint retrieves, updates, or deletes the rating of a release for a given user. get release rating by user get /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} retrieves the release’s rating for a given user. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "username": "memory", "release": , "rating": } update release rating by user put /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} updates the release’s rating for a given user. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. 	rating 	int (required) example:  the new rating for a release between and . 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "username": "memory", "release": , "rating": } delete release rating by user delete /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} deletes the release’s rating for a given user. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. community release rating  the community release rating endpoint retrieves the average rating and the total number of user ratings for a given release. get community release rating get /releases/{release_id}/rating retrieves the community release rating average and count. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "rating": { "count": "average": . }, "release_id": } release stats  the release stats endpoint retrieves the total number of “haves” (in the community’s collections) and “wants” (in the community’s wantlists) for a given release. get release stats get /releases/{release_id}/stats retrieves the release’s “have” and “want” counts. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: mon, aug : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "num_have": , "num_want": } master release  the master resource represents a set of similar releases. masters (also known as “master releases”) have a “main release” which is often the chronologically earliest. get master get /masters/{master_id} get a master release 	parameters 		master_id 	number (required) example:  the master id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "styles": [ "goa trance" ], "genres": [ "electronic" ], "videos": [ { "duration": , "description": "electric universe - alien encounter part (spirit zone )", "embed": true, "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n lginzmdi ", "title": "electric universe - alien encounter part (spirit zone )" } ], "title": "stardiver", "main_release": , "main_release_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/electric-universe-stardiver/master/ ", "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "electric universe", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "versions_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ /versions", "year": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/_ k t_ils czlpktb mwhvi vy =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/_ k t_ils czlpktb mwhvi vy =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/sswjxkczzsedjx qohg lc f-w=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ id iowgfgb dproi _mvmcefw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ id iowgfgb dproi _mvmcefw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cm q_ s pqerfwa ln jsj y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "tracklist": [ { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "title": "alien encounter (part )" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "extraartists": [ { "join": "", "name": "dj sangeet", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "written-by, producer", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "title": "from the heart" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "title": "radio s.p.a.c.e." } ], "id": , "num_for_sale": , "lowest_price": . , "data_quality": "correct" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "master release not found." } master release versions  get all master versions get /masters/{master_id}/versions{?page,per_page} retrieves a list of all releases that are versions of this master. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		master_id 	number (required) example:  the master id 	page 	number (optional) example:  the page you want to request 	per_page 	number (optional) example:  the number of items per page 	format 	string (optional) example: vinylthe format to filter 	label 	string (optional) example: scorpio musicthe label to filter 	released 	string (optional) example:  the release year to filter 	country 	string (optional) example: belgiumthe country to filter 	sort 	string (optional) example: releasedsort items by this field: released (i.e. year of the release) title (i.e. title of the release) format label catno (i.e. catalog number of the release) country 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "versions": [ { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/wv xo ak m btcc b_hed dx_o=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", ⅓ rpm", "country": "us", "title": "plastic dreams", "label": "epic", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/kam -op vlkvujoatgziekwrvg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", ⅓ rpm", "country": "uk", "title": "plastic dreams (mixes)", "label": "r & s records", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": "rsgb t", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/cnovcvhayile tyttzho wpz =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", white label, ⅓ rpm, promo", "country": "uk", "title": "plastic dreams mixes", "label": "r & s records", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": "rsgb t", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "master release not found." } artist  the artist resource represents a person in the discogs database who contributed to a release in some capacity. get artist get /artists/{artist_id} get an artist 	parameters 		artist_id 	number (required) example:  the artist id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "namevariations": [ "nickleback" ], "profile": "nickelback is a canadian rock band from hanna, alberta formed in . nickelback's music is classed as hard rock and alternative metal. nickelback is one of the most commercially successful canadian groups, having sold almost million albums worldwide, ranking as the th best selling music act of the s, and is the nd best selling foreign act in the u.s. behind the beatles for the 's.", "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/artist/ -nickelback", "urls": [ "http://www.nickelback.com/", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nickelback" ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ xj t ibn ddmpg ussdj igm =/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ xj t ibn ddmpg ussdj igm =/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/--xqi cbtabzz qojvcvzgvnrmu=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/r jrg b -nlqthplj-t jr ugoa=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/r jrg b -nlqthplj-t jr ugoa=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ k-ci xdgsurmc- ox ucygzdgw=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "members": [ { "active": true, "id": , "name": "chad kroeger", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "daniel adair", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "mike kroeger", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "ryan \"vik\" vikedal", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "ryan peake", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " } ], } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "artist not found." } artist releases  returns a list of releases and masters associated with the artist. accepts pagination. get an artist's releases get /artists/{artist_id}/releases{?sort,sort_order} get an artist’s releases 	parameters 		artist_id 	number (required) example:  the artist id 	sort 	string (optional) example: yearsort items by this field: year (i.e. year of the release) title (i.e. title of the release) format 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "releases": [ { "artist": "nickelback", "id": , "main_release": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "role": "main", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/lb zp --flarp lmj w dhfwenc=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "curb", "type": "master", "year": }, { "artist": "nickelback", "format": "cd, ep", "id": , "label": "not on label (nickelback self-released)", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "role": "main", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/efrgd n uhtvrjhdlzyxs qjxk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "hesher", "type": "release", "year": }, { "artist": "nickelback", "id": , "main_release": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "role": "main", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ lxbuv ihjyb drfzotqxgcqs=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "leader of men", "type": "master", "year": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "artist not found." } label  the label resource represents a label, company, recording studio, location, or other entity involved with artists and releases. labels were recently expanded in scope to include things that aren’t labels – the name is an artifact of this history. get label get /labels/{label_id} get a label 	parameters 		label_id 	number (required) example:  the label id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "profile": "classic techno label from detroit, usa.\r\n[b]label owner:[/b] [a=carl craig].\r\n", "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases", "name": "planet e", "contact_info": "planet e communications\r\np.o. box \r\ndetroit, , usa\r\n\r\np: . . \r\nf: . . \r\n\r\nemail: info at planet-e dot net\r\n", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/label/ -planet-e", "sublabels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "name": "antidote ( )" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "name": "community projects" } ], "urls": [ "http://www.planet-e.net", "http://planetecommunications.bandcamp.com", "http://twitter.com/planetedetroit" ], "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ -gkw oexfdp ihtqtcf y_zgi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ -gkw oexfdp ihtqtcf y_zgi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "width": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "data_quality": "needs vote" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "label not found." } all label releases  get all label releases get /labels/{label_id}/releases{?page,per_page} returns a list of releases associated with the label. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		label_id 	number (required) example:  the label id 	page 	number (optional) example:  the page you want to request 	per_page 	number (optional) example:  the number of items per page 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "urls": { "last": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases?per_page= &page= ", "next": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases?per_page= &page= " }, "items": }, "releases": [ { "artist": "andrea parker", "catno": "!k cd", "format": "cd, mixed", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "dj-kicks", "year": }, { "artist": "naomi daniel", "catno": " inz ", "format": " \"", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "stars", "year": }, { "artist": "innerzone orchestra", "catno": " - ", "format": "cd, album, p/mixed", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "programmed", "year": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "label not found." } search  issue a search query to our database. this endpoint accepts pagination parameters authentication (as any user) is required. search get /database/search?q={query}&{?type,title,release_title,credit,artist,anv,label,genre,style,country,year,format,catno,barcode,track,submitter,contributor} issue a search query 	parameters 		query 	string (optional) example: nirvanayour search query 	type 	string (optional) example: releasestring. one of release, master, artist, label 	title 	string (optional) example: nirvana - nevermindsearch by combined “artist name - release title” title field. 	release_title 	string (optional) example: nevermindsearch release titles. 	credit 	string (optional) example: kurtsearch release credits. 	artist 	string (optional) example: nirvanasearch artist names. 	anv 	string (optional) example: nirvanasearch artist anv. 	label 	string (optional) example: dgcsearch label names. 	genre 	string (optional) example: rocksearch genres. 	style 	string (optional) example: grungesearch styles. 	country 	string (optional) example: canadasearch release country. 	year 	string (optional) example:  search release year. 	format 	string (optional) example: albumsearch formats. 	catno 	string (optional) example: dgcd- search catalog number. 	barcode 	string (optional) example:  - - search barcodes. 	track 	string (optional) example: smells like teen spiritsearch track titles. 	submitter 	string (optional) example: milktsearch submitter username. 	contributor 	string (optional) example: jerome search contributor usernames. 	requesttoggle 	body get https://api.discogs.com/database/search?release_title=nevermind&artist=nirvana&per_page= &page= 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json content-encoding: gzip server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "urls": { "last": "http://api.discogs.com/database/search?per_page= &artist=nirvana&release_title=nevermind&page= ", "next": "http://api.discogs.com/database/search?per_page= &artist=nirvana&release_title=nevermind&page= " }, "items": }, "results": [ { "style": [ "interview", "grunge" ], "thumb": "", "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "country": "australia", "format": [ "dvd", "pal" ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind-classic-albums/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision", "rajon vision", "classic albums" ], "catno": "rv ", "year": " ", "genre": [ "non-music", "rock" ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "style": [ "interview", "grunge" ], "thumb": "", "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "country": "france", "format": [ "dvd", "pal" ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind-classic-albums/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision", "classic albums" ], "catno": "ev ", "year": " ", "genre": [ "non-music", "rock" ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "style": [ "hard rock", "classic rock" ], "thumb": "", "format": [ "umd" ], "country": "europe", "barcode": [ " " ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision" ], "catno": "erumd ", "genre": [ "rock" ], "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . server error reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "query time exceeded. please try a simpler query." } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . server error reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "an internal server error occurred. (malformed query?)" } videos  if your application integrates youtube videos, then third party cookies may be used. you can view youtube and google’s cookie policy here. next  previous images  the image resource represents a user-contributed image of a database object, such as artists or releases. image requests require authentication and are subject to rate limiting. it’s unlikely that you’ll ever have to construct an image url; images keys on other resources use fully-qualified urls, including hostname and protocol. to retrieve images, authenticate via oauth or discogs auth and fetch the object that contains the image of interest (e.g., the release, user profile, etc.). the image url will be in the response using the https protocol, and requesting that url should succeed. next  previous marketplace  inventory  returns the list of listings in a user’s inventory. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each listing and the corresponding release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information about the release, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if you are not authenticated as the inventory owner, only items that have a status of for sale will be visible. if you are authenticated as the inventory owner you will get additional weight, format_quantity, external_id, and location keys. if the user is authorized, the listing will contain a in_cart boolean field indicating whether or not this listing is in their cart. get inventory get /users/{username}/inventory{?status,sort,sort_order} get a seller’s inventory 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example:  vinylthe username for whose inventory you are fetching 	status 	string (optional) example: for saleonly show items with this status. 	sort 	string (optional) example: pricesort items by this field: listed price item (i.e. the title of the release) artist label catno audio status (when authenticated as the inventory owner) location (when authenticated as the inventory owner) 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json link: <https://api.discogs.com/users/ vinyl/inventory?per_page= &page= >; rel="last", <https://api.discogs.com/users/ vinyl/inventory?per_page= &page= >; rel="next" server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "listings": [ { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": true, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes promotional booklet from original purchase!", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": " , tmr ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "danger mouse & daniele luppi - rome (lp, ora + lp, whi + album, ltd, tip)", "artist": "danger mouse & daniele luppi", "title": "rome", "format": "(lp, ora + lp, whi + album, ltd, tip)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cfew vfc lvuqdftsvkh ftya=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "id": , "condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes slipmats", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "sth ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "various - stones throw x serato ( x \", ltd, cle)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/bfviibw nzoa bhd xn vfu x_g=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": true, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "sth ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "last electro-acoustic space jazz & percussion ensemble, the - summer suite (cd, minialbum, ltd)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pm piqf vek s rckysa eknfgk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes poster, includes download card, includes \", in original bag w/ hype sticker. complete set!", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "nsd- ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "metal fingers - presents special herbs the box set vol. - (box, comp, ltd + xlp + \")", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/wyy _nchnz_ergzk gd wxqr-k =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "the request resource was not found." } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unprocessable entity reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "invalid status: expected one of all, deleted, draft, expired, for sale, sold, suspended, violation." } listing  view the data associated with a listing. if the authorized user is the listing owner the listing will include the weight, format_quantity, external_id, and location keys. if the user is authorized, the listing will contain a in_cart boolean field indicating whether or not this listing is in their cart. get listing get /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} the listing resource allows you to view marketplace listings. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "original_price": { "curr_abbr": "usd", "curr_id": , "formatted": "$ . ", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "mint (m)", "id": , "condition": "mint (m)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "brand new... still sealed!", "seller": { "username": "booms ", "avatar_url": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ aa fcfa be d ccad da cc ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/booms ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/booms ", "id": "shipping": "buyer responsible for shipping. price depends on distance but is usually $ - .", "payment": "paypal", "stats": { "rating": " ", "stars": . , "total": } }, "shipping_price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "original_shipping_price": { "curr_abbr": "usd", "curr_id": , "formatted": "$ . ", "value": . }, "release": { "catalog_number": " - , - (k )", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "lcd soundsystem - the long goodbye: lcd soundsystem live at madison square garden ( xlp + box)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/usvcarhmrxb km qh_drp gef e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "the request resource was not found." } edit a listing post /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} edit the data associated with a listing. if the listing’s status is not for sale, draft, or expired, it cannot be modified – only deleted. to re-list a sold listing, a new listing must be created. authentication as the listing owner is required. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are posting 	condition 	string (required) example: mintthe condition of the release you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) 	sleeve_condition 	string (optional) example: fairthe condition of the sleeve of the item you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) generic not graded no cover 	price 	number (required) example:  . the price of the item (in the seller’s currency). 	comments 	string (optional) example: this item is wonderfulany remarks about the item that will be displayed to buyers. 	allow_offers 	boolean (optional) example: truewhether or not to allow buyers to make offers on the item. defaults to false. 	status 	string (required) example: draftthe status of the listing. defaults to for sale. options are for sale (the listing is ready to be shown on the marketplace) and draft (the listing is not ready for public display). 	external_id 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that can be used for the seller’s own reference. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field is called “private comments” on the discogs website. 	location 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that is intended to help identify an item’s physical storage location. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field will be visible on the inventory management page and will be available in inventory exports via the website. 	weight 	number (optional) example:  . the weight, in grams, of this listing, for the purpose of calculating shipping. set this field to auto to have the weight automatically estimated for you. 	format_quantity 	number (optional) example:  . the number of items this listing counts as, for the purpose of calculating shipping. this field is called “counts as” on the discogs website. set this field to auto to have the quantity automatically estimated for you. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   delete a listing delete /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} permanently remove a listing from the marketplace. authentication as the listing owner is required. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   new listing  create new listing post /marketplace/listings{?release_id,condition,sleeve_condition,price,comments,allow_offers,status,external_id,location,weight,format_quantity} create a marketplace listing. authentication is required; the listing will be added to the authenticated user’s inventory. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are posting 	condition 	string (required) example: mintthe condition of the release you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) 	sleeve_condition 	string (optional) example: fairthe condition of the sleeve of the item you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) generic not graded no cover 	price 	number (required) example:  . the price of the item (in the seller’s currency). 	comments 	string (optional) example: this item is wonderfulany remarks about the item that will be displayed to buyers. 	allow_offers 	boolean (optional) example: truewhether or not to allow buyers to make offers on the item. defaults to false. 	status 	string (required) example: draftthe status of the listing. defaults to for sale. options are for sale (the listing is ready to be shown on the marketplace) and draft (the listing is not ready for public display). 	external_id 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that can be used for the seller’s own reference. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field is called “private comments” on the discogs website. 	location 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that is intended to help identify an item’s physical storage location. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field will be visible on the inventory management page and will be available in inventory exports via the website. 	weight 	number (optional) example:  . the weight, in grams, of this listing, for the purpose of calculating shipping. set this field to auto to have the weight automatically estimated for you. 	format_quantity 	number (optional) example:  . the number of items this listing counts as, for the purpose of calculating shipping. this field is called “counts as” on the discogs website. set this field to auto to have the quantity automatically estimated for you. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "listing_id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ " } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } order  the order resource allows you to manage a seller’s marketplace orders. get order get /marketplace/orders/{order_id} view the data associated with an order. authentication as the seller is required. 	parameters 		order_id 	number (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": " - ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "status": "new order", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ], "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "media_condition": "mint (m)", "sleeve_condition": "mint (m)", "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unauthorized reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json www-authenticate: oauth realm="https://api.discogs.com" server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "you must authenticate to access this resource." } edit an order post /marketplace/orders/{order_id} edit the data associated with an order. authentication as the seller is required. the response contains a next_status key – an array of valid next statuses for this order, which you can display to the user in (for example) a dropdown control. this also renders your application more resilient to any future changes in the order status logic. changing the order status using this resource will always message the buyer with: seller changed status from old status to new status and does not provide a facility for including a custom message along with the change. for more fine-grained control, use the add a new message resource, which allows you to simultaneously add a message and change the order status. if the order status is neither cancelled, payment received, nor shipped, you can change the shipping. doing so will send an invoice to the buyer and set the order status to invoice sent. (for that reason, you cannot set the shipping and the order status in the same request.) 	parameters 		order_id 	number (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	status 	string (optional) example: new orderthe status of the order you are updating. must be one of the following: new order buyer contacted invoice sent payment pending payment received shipped refund sent cancelled (non-paying buyer) cancelled (item unavailable) cancelled (per buyer's request) the order’s current status furthermore, the new status must be present in the order’s next_status list. for more information about order statuses, see edit an order. 	shipping 	number (optional) example:  . the order shipping amount. as a side-effect of setting this value, the buyer is invoiced and the order status is set to invoice sent. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "id": " - ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "status": "invoice sent", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ], "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": } } list orders  returns a list of the authenticated user’s orders. accepts pagination parameters. list orders get /marketplace/orders{?status,created_after,created_before,sort,sort_order} returns a list of the authenticated user’s orders. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		status 	string (optional) example:  - only show orders with this status. valid status keys are: all new order buyer contacted invoice sent payment pending payment received shipped merged order changed refund sent cancelled cancelled (non-paying buyer) cancelled (item unavailable) cancelled (per buyer's request) cancelled (refund received) 	created_after 	string (optional) example:  - - t : : zonly show orders created after this iso timestamp. 	created_before 	string (optional) example:  - - t : : zonly show orders created before this iso timestamp. 	archived 	boolean (optional) example: trueonly show orders with a specific archived status. if no key is provided, both statuses are returned. valid archived keys are: true false 	sort 	string (optional) example:  - sort items by this field (see below). valid sort keys are: id buyer created status last_activity 	sort_order 	string (optional) example:  - sort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": {} }, "orders": [ { "status": "new order", "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumbnail": "http://api-img.discogs.com/soug t i zfvk khvtd zjgvd_y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": . }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "id": " - " "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ] } ] } list order messages  list order messages get /marketplace/orders/{order_id}/messages returns a list of the order’s messages with the most recent first. accepts pagination parameters. authentication as the seller is required. 	parameters 		order_id 	string (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "messages": [ { "refund": { "amount": , "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " } }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "example_buyer received refund of $ . .", "type": "refund_received", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "refund": { "amount": , "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " } }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "example_seller sent refund of $ . .", "type": "refund_sent", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "from": { "id": , "username": "example_seller", "avatar_url": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ ddcc fb fb c f ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "thank you for your order!", "type": "message", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "new message - order # - - tz goes beyond ! + more item" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to shipped.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to payment received.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to invoice sent.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "original": , "new": , "message": "example_seller set the shipping price to $ . .", "type": "shipping", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_seller created the order by merging orders # - , # - .", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" } ] } add new message post /marketplace/orders/{order_id}/messages adds a new message to the order’s message log. when posting a new message, you can simultaneously change the order status. if you do, the message will automatically be prepended with: seller changed status from old status to new status while message and status are each optional, one or both must be present. 	parameters 		order_id 	string (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	message 	string (optional) example: hello world 	status 	string (optional) example: new order 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "from": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "seller changed status from payment received to shipped\n\nyour order is on its way, tracking number #foobarbaz!", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "subject": "discogs order # - , stockholm" } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } fee  calculate fee get /marketplace/fee/{price} the fee resource allows you to quickly calculate the fee for selling an item on the marketplace. 	parameters 		price 	number (optional) example:  . the price to calculate a fee from 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "value": . , "currency": "usd", } fee with currency  calculate fee get /marketplace/fee/{price}/{currency} the fee resource allows you to quickly calculate the fee for selling an item on the marketplace given a particular currency. 	parameters 		price 	number (optional) example:  . the price to calculate a fee from 	currency 	string (optional) example: usddefaults to usd. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "value": . , "currency": "usd", } price suggestions  get price suggestions get /marketplace/price_suggestions/{release_id} retrieve price suggestions for the provided release id. if no suggestions are available, an empty object will be returned. authentication is required, and the user needs to have filled out their seller settings. suggested prices will be denominated in the user’s selling currency. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id to calculate a price from. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "very good (vg)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "good plus (g+)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "near mint (nm or m-)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "good (g)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "very good plus (vg+)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "mint (m)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "fair (f)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "poor (p)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . } } release statistics  get marketplace stats get /marketplace/stats/{release_id}{?curr_abbr} retrieve marketplace statistics for the provided release id. these statistics reflect the state of the release in the marketplace currently, and include the number of items currently for sale, lowest listed price of any item for sale, and whether the item is blocked for sale in the marketplace. authentication is optional. authenticated users will by default have the lowest currency expressed in their own buyer currency, configurable in buyer settings, in the absence of the curr_abbr query parameter to specify the currency. unauthenticated users will have the price expressed in us dollars, if no curr_abbr is provided. releases that have no items for sale in the marketplace will return a body with null data in the lowest_price and num_for_sale keys. releases that are blocked for sale will also have null data for these keys. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id whose stats are desired 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "lowest_price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "num_for_sale": , "blocked_from_sale": false } next  previous inventory export  export your inventory  export your inventory post /inventory/export request an export of your inventory as a csv. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get recent exports  get recent exports get /inventory/export get a list of all recent exports of your inventory. accepts pagination parameters. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "items": [ { "status": "success", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "download_url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ /download", "filename": "cburmeister-inventory- - .csv", "id": } ], "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get an export  get an export get /inventory/export/{id} get details about the status of an inventory export. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: multipart/form-data if-modified-since: thu, sep : : gmt 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json last-modified: thu, sep : : gmt body { "status": "success", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "download_url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ /download", "filename": "cburmeister-inventory- - .csv", "id": } 	response   	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json download an export  download an export get /inventory/export/{id}/download download the results of an inventory export. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: text/csv; charset=utf- content-disposition: attachment; filename=cburmeister-inventory- - .csv 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json next  previous inventory upload  add inventory  add inventory post /inventory/upload/add upload a csv of listings to add to your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: release_id,price,media_condition,comments , . ,mint (m),comments about this release for sale , . ,near mint (nm or m-),more comments , . ,good (g),signed vinyl copy things to note: ¶ these listings will be marked “for sale” immediately. currency information will be pulled from your marketplace settings. any fields that aren’t optional or required will be ignored. required fields ¶ 	 release_id - must be a number. this value corresponds with the discogs database release id. 	 price - must be a number. 	 media_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). optional fields ¶ 	 sleeve_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 comments accept_offer - must be y or n. 	 location - private free-text field to help identify an item’s physical location. 	 external_id - private notes or ids for your own reference. 	 weight - in grams. must be a non-negative integer. 	 format_quantity - number of items that this item counts as (for shipping). conditions ¶ when you specify a media condition, it must exactly match one of these: 	 mint (m) 	 near mint (nm or m-) 	 very good plus (vg+) 	 very good (vg) 	 good plus (g+) 	 good (g) 	 fair (f) 	 poor (p) sleeve condition may be any of the above, or: 	 not graded 	 generic 	 no cover 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file of items to add to your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json change inventory  change inventory post /inventory/upload/change upload a csv of listings to change in your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: release_id,price,media_condition,comments , . ,mint (m),comments about this release for sale , . ,near mint (nm or m-),more comments , . ,good (g),signed vinyl copy things to note: ¶ these listings will be marked “for sale” immediately. currency information will be pulled from your marketplace settings. any fields that aren’t optional or required will be ignored. required fields ¶ 	release_id - must be a number. this value corresponds with the discogs database release id. optional fields (at least one required) ¶ 	 price - 	 media_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 sleeve_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 comments 	 accept_offer - must be y or n. 	 external_id - private notes or ids for your own reference. 	 location - private free-text field to help identify an item’s physical location. 	 weight - in grams. must be a non-negative integer. 	 format_quantity - number of items that this item counts as (for shipping). conditions ¶ when you specify a media condition, it must exactly match one of these: 	 mint (m) 	 near mint (nm or m-) 	 very good plus (vg+) 	 very good (vg) 	 good plus (g+) 	 good (g) 	 fair (f) 	 poor (p) sleeve condition may be any of the above, or: 	 not graded 	 generic 	 no cover 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file of items to alter in your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json delete inventory  delete inventory post /inventory/upload/delete upload a csv of listings to delete from your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: listing_id required fields ¶ 	listing_id - must be a number. this is the id of the listing you wish to delete. 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file listing items to remove from your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get recent uploads  get recent uploads get /inventory/upload get a list of all recent inventory uploads. accepts pagination parameters. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "items": [ { "status": "success", "results": "csv file contains records.<p>processed records.", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "filename": "add.csv", "type": "change", "id": } ], "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get an upload  get an upload get /inventory/upload/{id} get details about the status of an inventory upload. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: multipart/form-data if-modified-since: thu, sep : : gmt 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "status": "success", "results": "csv file contains records.<p>processed records.", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "filename": "add.csv", "type": "change", "id": } 	response   	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json next  previous user identity  identity  get identity get /oauth/identity retrieve basic information about the authenticated user. you can use this resource to find out who you’re authenticated as, and it also doubles as a good sanity check to ensure that you’re using oauth correctly. for more detailed information, make another request for the user’s profile. 	requesttoggle 	body get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json content-encoding: gzip content-location: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity?oauth_body_hash=some_hash&oauth_nonce=... server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": , "username": "example", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example", "consumer_name": "your application name" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unauthorized reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json www-authenticate: oauth realm="https://api.discogs.com" server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "you must authenticate to access this resource." } profile  get profile get /users/{username} retrieve a user by username. if authenticated as the requested user, the email key will be visible, and the num_list count will include the user’s private lists. if authenticated as the requested user or the user’s collection/wantlist is public, the num_collection / num_wantlist keys will be visible. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of whose profile you are requesting. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "profile": "i am a software developer for discogs.\r\n\r\n[img=http://i.imgur.com/iak ukk.gif]", "wantlist_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/wants", "rank": , "num_pending": , "id": , "num_for_sale": , "home_page": "", "location": "i live in the good ol' pacific nw", "collection_folders_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/collection/folders", "username": "rodneyfool", "collection_fields_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/collection/fields", "releases_contributed": , "registered": " - - t : : - : ", "rating_avg": . , "num_collection": , "releases_rated": , "num_lists": , "name": "rodney", "num_wantlist": , "inventory_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/inventory", "avatar_url": "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/ f dc b c b abc d ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "banner_url": "https://img.discogs.com/dhuje-prjmod hn cdvi pugeh =/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg)/discogs-banners/b- -user- - .jpg.jpg", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/user/rodneyfool", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool", "buyer_rating": . , "buyer_rating_stars": , "buyer_num_ratings": , "seller_rating": . , "seller_rating_stars": , "seller_num_ratings": , "curr_abbr": "usd", } edit profile post /users/{username} edit a user’s profile data. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: vreonthe username of the user. 	name 	string (optional) example: nicolas cagethe real name of the user. 	home_page 	string (optional) example: www.discogs.comthe user’s website. 	location 	string (optional) example: portlandthe geographical location of the user. 	profile 	string (optional) example: i am a discogs user!biographical information about the user. 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "username": "example", "name": "example sampleman", "email": "sampleman@example.com", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example", "inventory_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/inventory", "collection_folders_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders", "collection_fields_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/fields", "wantlist_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/user/example", "profile": "this is some [b]different sample[/b] data!", "home_page": "http://www.example.com", "location": "australia", "registered": " - - : : - : ", "num_lists": , "num_for_sale": , "num_collection": , "num_wantlist": , "num_pending": , "releases_contributed": , "rank": , "releases_rated": , "rating_avg": . } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } user submissions  the submissions resource represents all edits that a user makes to releases, labels, and artist. get submissions get /users/{username}/submissions retrieve a user’s submissions by username. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: shooezgirlthe username of the submissions you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "items": , "page": , "pages": , "per_page": , "urls": {} }, "submissions": { "artists": [ { "data_quality": "needs vote", "id": , "name": "grimy", "namevariations": [ "grimmy" ], "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/artist/ -grimy" } ], "labels": [], "releases": [ { "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "", "name": "chaka khan", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/diognes_the_fox", "username": "diognes_the_fox" } ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "have": , "rating": { "average": , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, "want": }, "companies": [], "country": "us", "data_quality": "needs vote", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", " rpm", "promo" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "funk / soul" ], "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/i jf s s lmnbuwxstcxaqs rw =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/i jf s s lmnbuwxstcxaqs rw =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/xmswaqp t snwduto-gxmhxwt s=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/st pldmoocfjz- jeui xqr kw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/st pldmoocfjz- jeui xqr kw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/f qfdjbjpup-eht dvslcfptte =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": " - ", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "warner bros. records", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "promotion not for sale", "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "rhythm & blues" ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/xmswaqp t snwduto-gxmhxwt s=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "love of a lifetime", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/chaka-khan-love-of-a-lifetime/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "chaka khan - love you all my lifetime (live)", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - love you all my lifetime (live)", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=worcyzfchti" }, { "description": "chaka khan - love of a lifetime [official video]", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - love of a lifetime [official video]", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= k -q vqjde" }, { "description": "chaka khan - coltrane dreams ~{the version}~", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - coltrane dreams ~{the version}~", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= eag kds g" } ], "year": } ] } } user contributions  the contributions resource represents releases, labels, and artists submitted by a user. get contributions get /users/{username}/contributions{?sort,sort_order} retrieve a user’s contributions by username. accepts pagination parameters. valid sort keys are: label artist title catno format rating year added valid sort_order keys are: asc desc 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: shooezgirlthe username of the submissions you are trying to fetch. 	sort 	string (optional) example: artistsort items by this field (see below for all valid sort keys. 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: descsort items in a particular order (asc or desc) 	response   toggle 	body { "contributions": [ { "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "and", "name": "cher", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/aquacrash_dj", "username": "aquacrash_dj" } ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "have": , "rating": { "average": , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, "want": }, "companies": [], "country": "us", "data_quality": "needs vote", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", " rpm", "single", "promo" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "rock", "pop" ], "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/e x tnzv nkdootpjan-dtcbfa =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/e x tnzv nkdootpjan-dtcbfa =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ et xtf reflokoqi nsj ajvfi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": " - -dj", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "geffen records", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "promotion not for sale", "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "ballad" ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ et xtf reflokoqi nsj ajvfi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "after all", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/cher-and-peter-cetera-after-all/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "cher & peter cetera - after all [on-screen lyrics]", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "cher & peter cetera - after all [on-screen lyrics]", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy j iscw" } ], "year": } ], "pagination": { "items": , "page": , "pages": , "per_page": , "urls": {} } } next  previous user collection  collection  the collection resource allows you to view and manage a user’s collection. a collection is arranged into folders. every user has two permanent folders already: id , the “all” folder, which cannot have releases added to it, and id , the “uncategorized” folder. because it’s possible to own more than one copy of a release, each with its own notes, grading, and so on, each instance of a release in a folder has an instance id. through the discogs website, users can create custom notes fields. there is not yet an api method for creating and deleting these fields, but they can be listed, and the values of the fields on any instance can be modified. get collection folders get /users/{username}/collection/folders retrieve a list of folders in a user’s collection. if the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only folder id (the “all” folder) will be visible (if the requested user’s collection is public). 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to retrieve. 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "folders": [ { "id": , "count": , "name": "all", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " }, { "id": , "count": , "name": "uncategorized", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } ] } create folder post /users/{username}/collection/folders create a new folder in a user’s collection. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to retrieve. 	name 	string (optional) example: my favoritesthe name of the newly-created folder. 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "name": "my music", "count": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } collection folder  get folders get /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} retrieve metadata about a folder in a user’s collection. if folder_id is not , authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to request. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to request. 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": , "count": , "name": "uncategorized", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } edit folder post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} edit a folder’s metadata. folders and cannot be renamed. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "count": , "name": "an example folder", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } delete folder delete /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} delete a folder from a user’s collection. a folder must be empty before it can be deleted. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to delete. 	response   collection items by release  get items by release get /users/{username}/collection/releases/{release_id} view the user’s collection folders which contain a specified release. this will also show information about each release instance. the release_id must be non-zero. authentication as the collection owner is required if the owner’s collection is private. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: susan.salkeldthe username of the collection you are trying to view. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release to request. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "releases": [ { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": }, { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": }, { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": } ] } collection items by folder  get items get /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases returns the list of item in a folder in a user’s collection. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if folder_id is not , or the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only public notes fields will be visible. valid sort keys are: label artist title catno format rating added year 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to request. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to request. 	sort 	string (optional) example: artistsort items by this field (see below for all valid sort keys. 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: descsort items in a particular order (asc or desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": { "next": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "last": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", } }, "releases": [ { "id": , "instance_id": , "folder_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "id": , "title": "information chase", "year": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/vzpyq _kc gzfs c scj ze =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/vzpyq _kc gzfs c scj ze /fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "mini", "ep" ], "name": "cdr" } ], "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": " bp ", "id": , "name": " bitpeoples" } ], "artists": [ { "id": , "name": "bit shifter", "join": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "" } ], "genres": [ "electronic", "pop" ], "styles": [ "chiptune" ] }, "notes": [ { "field_id": , "value": "bleep bloop blorp." } ] } ] } add to collection folder  add release post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id} add a release to a folder in a user’s collection. the folder_id must be non-zero – you can use for “uncategorized”. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are adding. 	response   toggle 	body { "instance_id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /release/ /instance/ " } change rating of release  change rating post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id} change the rating on a release and/or move the instance to another folder. this endpoint potentially takes folder_id parameters: one in the url (which is the folder you are requesting, and is required), and one in the request body (representing the folder you want to move the instance to, which is optional) authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (optional) example:  the id of the folder to modify (this parameter is set in the request body and is set if you want to move the instance to this folder). 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  the rating of the instance you are supplying. 	response   delete instance from folder  delete instance delete /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id} remove an instance of a release from a user’s collection folder. to move the release to the “uncategorized” folder instead, use the post method. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	response   	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } list custom fields  list fields get /users/{username}/collection/fields retrieve a list of user-defined collection notes fields. these fields are available on every release in the collection. if the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only fields with public set to true will be visible. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "fields": [ { "name": "media", "options": [ "mint (m)", "near mint (nm or m-)", "very good plus (vg+)", "very good (vg)", "good plus (g+)", "good (g)", "fair (f)", "poor (p)" ], "id": , "position": , "type": "dropdown", "public": true }, { "name": "sleeve", "options": [ "generic", "no cover", "mint (m)", "near mint (nm or m-)", "very good plus (vg+)", "very good (vg)", "good plus (g+)", "good (g)", "fair (f)", "poor (p)" ], "id": , "position": , "type": "dropdown", "public": true }, { "name": "notes", "lines": , "id": , "position": , "type": "textarea", "public": true } ] } edit fields instance  edit fields post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id}/fields/{field_id}{?value} change the value of a notes field on a particular instance. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	value 	string (required) example: foothe new value of the field. if the field’s type is dropdown, the value must match one of the values in the field’s list of options. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	field_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the field. 	response   collection value  get collection value get /users/{username}/collection/value returns the minimum, median, and maximum value of a user’s collection. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "maximum": "$ . ", "median": "$ . ", "minimum": "$ . " } next  previous user wantlist  wantlist  the wantlist resource allows you to view and manage a user’s wantlist. get wantlist get /users/{username}/wants returns the list of releases in a user’s wantlist. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if the wantlist has been made private by its owner, you must be authenticated as the owner to view it. the notes field will be visible if you are authenticated as the wantlist owner. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": {} }, "wants": [ { "rating": , "basic_information": { "formats": [ { "text": "digipak", "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "album" ], "name": "cd" } ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pslacp_i -eppksbahx t dmxtg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pslacp_i -eppksbahx t dmxtg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "year zero", "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": "b - ", "id": , "name": "interscope records" } ], "year": , "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "nine inch nails", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "id": }, { "rating": , "basic_information": { "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "album" ], "name": "cdr" } ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/w cvy ppmyedlqy sjoaojc mhq=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/w cvy ppmyedlqy sjoaojc mhq=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "dawn metropolis", "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": "norm ", "id": , "name": "normative" } ], "year": , "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "anamanaguchi", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, "notes": "sample notes.", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "id": } ] } add to wantlist  add a release to a user’s wantlist. authentication as the wantlist owner is required. add to wantlist put /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are adding. 	notes 	string (optional) example: my favorite releaseuser notes to associate with this release. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  user’s rating of this release, from (unrated) to (best). defaults to . 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "rating": , "notes": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "basic_information": { "id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "stockholm", "year": , "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ " \"" ], "name": "vinyl" } ], "labels": [ { "name": "svek", "entity_type": " ", "catno": "sk ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "persuader, the", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ] } } edit release in wantlist post /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	notes 	string (optional) example: my favorite releaseuser notes to associate with this release. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  user’s rating of this release, from (unrated) to (best). defaults to . 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "rating": , "notes": "i've added some notes!", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "basic_information": { "id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "stockholm", "year": , "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ " \"" ], "name": "vinyl" } ], "labels": [ { "name": "svek", "entity_type": " ", "catno": "sk ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "persuader, the", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ] } } delete release from wantlist delete /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	response   next  previous user lists  user lists  the list resource allows you to view a user’s lists. get lists get /users/{username}/lists returns a user’s lists. private lists will only display when authenticated as the owner. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the lists you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": { "prev": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/lists?per_page= &page= ", "first": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/lists?per_page= &page= " }, "pages": }, "lists": [ { "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "name": "rodneyfool", "id": , "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/lists/rodneyfool/ ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/lists/ ", "public": false, "description": "foo test description" } ] } list  get list items get /lists/{list_id} returns items from a specified list. private lists will only display when authenticated as the owner. 	parameters 		list_id 	string (required) example:  the id of the list you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "created_ts": " - - t : : - : ", "modified_ts": " - - t : : - : ", "name": "new list", "list_id": , "url": "https://www.discogs.com/lists/new-list/ ", "items": [ { "comment": "my list comment", "display_title": "silent phase - the rewired mixes", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/silent-phase-the-rewired-mixes/release/ ", "image_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/- gf ykx-ok pcpnr b rt_dc=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "comment": "item comment", "display_title": "various - artificial intelligence ii", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/various-artificial-intelligence-ii/release/ ", "image_url": "http://api-img.discogs.com/euixsynjwqxjelre_kqnv-ztx y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "comment": "this is an artist", "display_title": "silent phase", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/artist/ -silent-phase", "image_url": "http://api-img.discogs.com/- gf ykx-ok pcpnr b rt_dc=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "type": "artist", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/lists/ ", "public": false, "description": "what a cool list!" } previous © discogs® this page may not display correctly when opened as a local file. instead, view it from a web server. tim donovan | discography | discogs 	 explore 	 discover 	explore all 	trending releases 	list explorer 	advanced search 	articles about music 	 contribute 	submission guidelines 	submit a release 	how to make a list 	monthly leaderboard 	help translate discogs 	 genres 	rock 	electronic 	hip hop 	folk, world, & country 	jazz 	 styles 	house 	punk 	soul 	explore all styles 	regional style map 	 marketplace 	 format 	 vinyl , , 	 cd , , 	 cassette , , 	 dvd , 	 box set , 	 genre 	 rock , , 	 electronic , , 	 pop , , 	 funk / soul , , 	 jazz , , 	 style 	 pop rock , , 	 house , , 	 disco , , 	 synth-pop , , 	 soul , , 	 buy music 	 all items 	 items i want 	 purchases 	 cart 	 record store day 	 sell music 	 list item for sale 	 orders 	 inventory 	 billing 	 community 	 groups 	 forum 	 blog 	 friends 	 community guidelines 	 database guidelines 	 events 	 record shops 	 register 	 log in 	 	 please enable javascript to take full advantage of our site features. 	 edit artist tim donovan profile: american freelance engineer, producer sites: linkedin.com in groups: variations: viewing all | tim donovan tim donavan, tim donavon [a ] artist 	 edit artist 	 share marketplace , for sale vinyl and cd 	 discography 	 credits 	 vocals 	 instruments & performance 	 writing & arrangement 	 technical 	 add release data quality 	 correct 	 changes minor 	 new 	 updated 	 submissions pending – of 	 prev 	 next sort title, a-z title, z-a label, a-z label, z-a year, - year, - show refresh 	 vocals 	 	srcl 	 	toshinobu kubota	 not yet ! toshinobu kubota - bumpin' voyage ‎(cd, album) 	sony records	srcl 	japan	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 instruments & performance 	 	cmc - 	 	molly hatchet	 molly hatchet - silent reign of heroes (album) versions 	spv recordings, cbh records	cmc - 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	bay cd	 	 	 - recessional ‎(cd, album, mixed) 	leaf	bay cd	uk	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	svt - 	 	various	 five spot after dark (ali shaheed muhammad remix) various - re-bop: the savoy remixes (comp) versions 	savoy jazz	svt - 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	none	 	 	 - lifeline ‎( xdvdr, dvd-v, mixed) 	not on label ( self-released)	none	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	none	 	powernap	 powernap - gone to croatan ‎(cdr, album, unofficial) 	lasercave	none		unknown		 	 sell this version 	 	 writing & arrangement 	 	 	 	nalini	 lay down / interlude nalini - let my love grow ‎(cd, album) 	virgin france s.a.	 	france	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	cr 	 	 	 - sixes and sevens ‎(cd, album) 	conduit records	cr 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	 	 	metallica	 metallica - orgulho, paixão e glória - três noites na cidade do méxico versions 	universal music dvd video	 	brazil	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 technical 	 	 - - 	 	eddie palmieri	 eddie palmieri - palmas (album) versions 	elektra nonesuch	 - - 	germany	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	none	 	big joe krash	 big joe krash - break the chain (psychosonic comic!) (ep) versions 	marvel music, inc.	none	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	 - 	 	vanessa williams	 vanessa williams - the sweetest days (album) versions 	wing records, mercury	 - 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	spv - , cd - 	 	joan jett and the blackhearts*	 joan jett and the blackhearts* - pure and simple ‎(cd, album) 	spv recordings, spv recordings, blackheart records, blackheart records	spv - , cd - 	germany	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	 - 	 	various	 freedom (theme from panther) (the black bag mix) and more… various - panther (the original motion picture soundtrack) ‎(cd, album) 	mercury	 - 	canada	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	prepcd 	 	lord finesse	 lord finesse - the awakening (album) versions 	penalty recordings	prepcd 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	 g- 	 	wider	 wider - main / strapping / " ‎( ", single) 	third gear records	 g- 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	srcl 	 	toshinobu kubota	 toshinobu kubota - bumpin' voyage ‎(cd, album) 	sony records	srcl 	japan	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	ud- 	 	a+	 alpha omega a+ - the latch-key child ‎(cd, album) 	universal records, kedar entertainment	ud- 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	cdv , 	 	gravity kills	 gravity kills - gravity kills (album) versions 	tvt records	cdv , 	uk	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	 - 	 	bush babees*	 in meh dreams and more… bush babees* - gravity (album) versions 	warner bros. records	 - 	europe	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	 - - 	 	keith murray	 dangerous ground keith murray - enigma (album) versions 	jive	 - - 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	uds , uds- 	 	a+	 alpha omega (main mix) and more… a+ - all i see ‎(cd, maxi) 	universal records, kedar entertainment	uds , uds- 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 	 	dgcd- 	 	the roots	 no great pretender and more… the roots - illadelph halflife (album) versions 	dgc	dgcd- 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	 - 	 	tony! toni! toné!	 tony! toni! toné! - house of music (album) versions 	mercury	 - 	europe	 		 	 sell this version 	 versions 	 	prcd - 	 	gravity kills	 blame (original version) gravity kills - blame ‎(cd, maxi, promo) 	lava, atlantic	prcd - 	us	 		 	 sell this version 	 – of 	 prev 	 	 	 	 	 	 next show refresh reviews add review lists add to list view more lists → videos edit add a video master release - [help] release notes: (optional) submission notes: (optional) save cancel contained releases: 	 discogs 	 about us 	 blog 	 app 	 careers 	 api 	 change log 	 help is here 	 help & support 	 forum 	 keyboard shortcuts 	 database guidelines 	 discogs shipping 	 join in 	 get started 	 sign up 	 contribute 	 add release 	 contributor list 	 help translate 	 discogs events 	 advertise with us 	 follow us 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 instagram 	 mixcloud 	 soundcloud 	 pinterest © discogs® cookie settings cookie policy terms of service privacy policy california privacy notice english deutsch english español français italiano 日本語 한국어 português (brasil) Русский slow machines — michael grigoni & stephen vitiello | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist do you have any photos of this artist? add an image michael grigoni & stephen vitiello listeners related tags 	american slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap steel guitars with a hushed, ambient sound. with both calling the southern mid-atlantic region of the united states home, the two met up and discussed a collaboration in which grigoni would provide the guitars and stephen the electronics and processing with a goal of combining each of their artistic languages into a new form. vitiello, whose work is steeped heavily in the installation and art world… read more slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap ste… read more slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap steel guitars with a hushed, ambient sound. with… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 federico durand , listeners 	 marcus fischer , listeners 	 ohio , listeners 	 minamo & moskitoo listeners 	 michael grigoni listeners 	 taylor deupree , listeners 	 midori hirano , listeners 	 warmth , listeners 	 r beny , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 www.ezekielhonig.com 	 twitter (@ezekielhonig) 	 facebook (pages/ezekiel-honig/ ) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 ezekiel honig & morgan packard , listeners 	 morgan packard , listeners 	 mark templeton , listeners 	 mokira , listeners 	 fourcolor , listeners 	 solo andata , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close jardín de invierno — federico durand | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. federico durand jardín de invierno more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	dreamy 	sleep 	beautiful add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 lilium 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 florilegio 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 figuritas de jade 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 mariposas nocturnas 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 jardín de invierno 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 copos de nieve 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 canción de las gacelas 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 azahar 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 un gran bosque rodea el monoblock 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 ver a través del follaje 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 tarde de lluvia 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 las sierra se disuelven entre las nubes 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 echo's verse r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ways of meaning kyle bobby dunn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 entropy yui onodera listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a colour for autumn lawrence english , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in a place of such graceful shapes taylor deupree + marcus fischer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 navigare simon scott , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in between words christopher bissonnette , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the elevated quiet forest management , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a travÉs del espejo federico durand , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hymn binding aaron martin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mirror chihei hatakeyama , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 permanently midnight the gentleman losers , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 echo's verse r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ways of meaning kyle bobby dunn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 entropy yui onodera listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a colour for autumn lawrence english , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 in a place of such graceful shapes taylor deupree + marcus fischer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 navigare simon scott , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in between words christopher bissonnette , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the elevated quiet forest management , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a travÉs del espejo federico durand , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hymn binding aaron martin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mirror chihei hatakeyama , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 permanently midnight the gentleman losers , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more federico durand , listeners related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	dreamy federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surround him. federico durand’s music is a weave of sound searching introspection and delight through small sound melodies. view wiki federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surroun… read more federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surround him. federico durand’s music is a weave of s… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 taylor deupree , listeners 	 marcus fischer , listeners 	 offthesky , listeners 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners 	 yui onodera , listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners 	 taylor deupree + marcus fischer , listeners 	 christopher bissonnette , listeners 	 wil bolton , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? 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connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. idra lone voyagers, lovers and lands more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	rap 	italian 	progressive metalcore add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 transmute the antarctica project listeners play album buy 	loading 	 search - single nidus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 everchanger invent, animate , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dead matter by the thousands , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ruins lost conduit listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love rhythm sentinels listeners play album buy 	loading 	 internal relapse [explicit] never knew listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in motion design the void listeners play album buy 	loading 	 discoveries northlane , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hopeless he films the clouds listeners buy 	loading 	 labyrinth above, below listeners play album buy 	loading 	 plus ultra (choke) the ansible , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 transmute the antarctica project listeners play album buy 	loading 	 search - single nidus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 everchanger invent, animate , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dead matter by the thousands , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 ruins lost conduit listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love rhythm sentinels listeners play album buy 	loading 	 internal relapse [explicit] never knew listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in motion design the void listeners play album buy 	loading 	 discoveries northlane , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hopeless he films the clouds listeners buy 	loading 	 labyrinth above, below listeners play album buy 	loading 	 plus ultra (choke) the ansible , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more idra listeners related tags 	rap 	italian 	progressive metalcore idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut album 'the invisible tide' available now. view wiki idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut albu… read more idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut album 'the invisible tide' available now. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 blueshift , listeners 	 currents , listeners 	 never knew listeners 	 the antarctica project listeners 	 artificial sky , listeners 	 sentinels , listeners 	 our souls evolve listeners 	 above, below , listeners 	 invent, animate , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close discogs api documentation api 	changelog 	api forum 	create an app 	api terms of use  back to tophome quickstart general information rate limiting pagination versioning and media types faq authentication discogs auth flow oauth flow request token url access token url database release release rating by user get release rating by user update release rating by user delete release rating by user community release rating release stats master release master release versions artist artist releases label all label releases search videos images marketplace inventory listing get listing edit a listing delete a listing new listing order get order edit an order list orders list order messages list order messages add new message fee fee with currency price suggestions release statistics inventory export export your inventory get recent exports get an export download an export inventory upload add inventory change inventory delete inventory get recent uploads get an upload user identity identity profile get profile edit profile user submissions user contributions user collection collection get collection folders create folder collection folder get folders edit folder delete folder collection items by release collection items by folder add to collection folder change rating of release delete instance from folder list custom fields edit fields instance collection value user wantlist wantlist add to wantlist add to wantlist edit release in wantlist delete release from wantlist user lists user lists list https://api.discogs.com home  here’s your place to code all things discogs! the discogs api lets developers build their own discogs-powered applications for the web, desktop, and mobile devices. we hope the api will connect and empower a community of music lovers around the world! the discogs api v . is a restful interface to discogs data. you can access json-formatted information about database objects such as artists, releases, and labels. your application can also manage user collections and wantlists, create marketplace listings, and more. some discogs data is made available under the cc no rights reserved license, and some is restricted data, as defined in our api terms of use. our monthly data dumps are available under the the cc no rights reserved license. if you utilize the discogs api, you are subject to the api terms of use. please also ensure that any application you develop follows the discogs application name and description policy. quickstart  if you just want to see some results right now, issue this curl command: curl https://api.discogs.com/releases/ --user-agent "foobarapp/ . " for community-maintained client libraries and example code, see the links below: 	language	type	maintainer	url 	node.js	client	bartve	https://github.com/bartve/disconnect 	php	client	ricbra	https://github.com/ricbra/php-discogs-api 	python	client	joalla	https://github.com/joalla/discogs_client 	python	example	jesseward	https://github.com/jesseward/discogs-oauth-example 	ruby	client	buntine	https://github.com/buntine/discogs general information  your application must provide a user-agent string that identifies itself – preferably something that follows rfc . some good examples include: awesomediscogsbrowser/ . +http://adb.example.com librarymetadataenhancer/ . +http://example.com/lime mydiscogsclient/ . +http://mydiscogsclient.org please don’t just copy one of those! make it unique so we can let you know if your application starts to misbehave – the alternative is that we just silently block it, which will confuse and infuriate your users. here are some bad examples that are unclear or obscure the nature of the application: curl/ . . (i -pc-linux-gnu) libcurl . . (openssl . . b) mozilla/ . (x ; linux i ; rv: . . ) gecko/ firefox/ . . my app jsonp ¶ when a callback query string parameter is supplied, the api can return responses in jsonp format. jsonp, by its nature, cannot access http information like headers or the status code, so the api supplies that information in the response, like so: get https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ?callback=callbackname ok content-type: text/javascript callbackname({ "meta": { "status": , }, "data": { "id": , "name": "persuader, the" // ... and so on } }) rate limiting  requests are throttled by the server by source ip to per minute for authenticated requests, and per minute for unauthenticated requests, with some exceptions. your application should identify itself to our servers via a unique user agent string in order to achieve the maximum number of requests per minute. our rate limiting tracks your requests using a moving average over a second window. if no requests are made in seconds, your window will reset. we attach the following headers to responses to help you track your rate limit use: x-discogs-ratelimit: the total number of requests you can make in a one minute window. x-discogs-ratelimit-used : the number of requests you’ve made in your existing rate limit window. x-discogs-ratelimit-remaining: the number of remaining requests you are able to make in the existing rate limit window. your application should take our global limit into account and throttle its requests locally. in the future, we may update these rate limits at any time in order to provide service for all users. pagination  some resources represent collections of objects and may be paginated. by default, items per page are shown. to browse different pages, or change the number of items per page (up to ), use the page and per_page query string parameters: get https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= responses include a link header: link: <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=next, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=first, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=last, <https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= >; rel=prev and a pagination object in the response body: { "pagination": { "page": , "pages": , "items": , "per_page": , "urls": { "first": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "prev": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "next": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "last": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases?page= &per_page= " } }, "releases": [ ... ] } versioning and media types  currently, our api only supports one version: v . however, you can specify a version in your requests to future-proof your application. by adding an accept header with the version and media type, you can guarantee your requests will receive data from the correct version you develop your app on. a standard accept header may look like this: application/vnd.discogs.v .html+json if you are requesting information from an endpoint that may have text formatting in it, you can choose which kind of formatting you want to be returned by changing that section of the accept header. we currently support types: application/vnd.discogs.v .html+json application/vnd.discogs.v .plaintext+json application/vnd.discogs.v .discogs+json if no accept header is supplied, or if the accept header differs from one of the three previous options, we default to application/vnd.discogs.v .discogs+json. faq  . why am i getting an empty response from the server? this generally happens when you forget to add a user-agent header to your requests. . how do i get updates about the api? subscribe to our api announcements forum thread. for larger, breaking changes, we will send out an email notice to all developers with a registered discogs application. . where can i register a discogs application? you can register a discogs application on the developer settings. . if i have a question/issue with the api, should i file a support request? it’s generally best to start out with a forum post on the api topic since other developers may have had similar issues and can point you in the right direction. if the issue requires privacy, then a support request is the best way to go. . i’m getting a response when trying to fetch images; what gives? this may seem obvious, but make sure you aren’t doing anything to change the url. the urls returned are signed urls, so trying to change one part of the url (e.g., release id number) will generally not work. . what are the authentication requirements for requesting images? please see the images documentation page. . why am i getting a particular http response? ok the request was successful, and the requested data is provided in the response body. continue you’ve sent a post request to a list of resources to create a new one. the id of the newly-created resource will be provided in the body of the response. no content the request was successful, and the server has no additional information to convey, so the response body is empty. unauthorized you’re attempting to access a resource that first requires authentication. see authenticating with oauth. forbidden you’re not allowed to access this resource. even if you authenticated, or already have, you simply don’t have permission. trying to modify another user’s profile, for example, will produce this error. not found the resource you requested doesn’t exist. method not allowed you’re trying to use an http verb that isn’t supported by the resource. trying to put to /artists/ , for example, will fail because artists are read-only. unprocessable entity your request was well-formed, but there’s something semantically wrong with the body of the request. this can be due to malformed json, a parameter that’s missing or the wrong type, or trying to perform an action that doesn’t make any sense. check the response body for specific information about what went wrong. internal server error something went wrong on our end while attempting to process your request. the response body’s message field will contain an error code that you can send to discogs support (which will help us track down your specific issue). next  previous authentication  this section describes the various methods of authenticating with the discogs api. registration ¶ in order to access protected endpoints, you’ll need to register for either a consumer key and secret or user token, depending on your situation: 	 to easily access your own user account information, use a user token. 	 to get access to an endpoint that requires authentication and build rd party apps, use a consumer key and secret. to get one of these, sign up for a discogs account if you don’t have one already, and go to your developer settings. from there, you can create a new application/token or edit the metadata for an existing app. when you create a new application, you’ll be granted a consumer key and consumer secret, which you can plug into your application and start making authenticated requests. it’s important that you don’t disclose the consumer secret to anyone. generating a user token is as easy as clicking the generate token button on the developer settings. keep this token private, as it allows users to access your information. oauth endpoints ¶ the oauth . a flow involves three server-side endpoints: request token url: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/request_token authorize url: https://www.discogs.com/oauth/authorize access token url: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/access_token for convenience, these are also listed on the edit application page. once authenticated, you can test that everything’s working correctly by requesting the identity resource. discogs auth flow  if you do not plan on building an app which others can log into on their behalf, you should use this authentication method as it is much simpler and is still secure. discogs auth requires that requests be made over https, as you are sending your app’s key/secret or token in the request. to send requests with discogs auth, you have two options: sending your credentials in the query string with key and secret parameters or a token parameter, for example: curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana&key=foo &secret=bar " or curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana&token=abcxyz " your other option is to send your credentials in the request as an authorization header, as follows: curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana" -h "authorization: discogs key=foo , secret=bar " or curl "https://api.discogs.com/database/search?q=nirvana" -h "authorization: discogs token=abcxyz " what differentiates the key/secret pair option from the token option? let’s look at this table: 	credentials in request	rate limiting?	image urls?	authenticated as user? 	none	🐢 low tier	❌ no	❌ no 	only consumer key/secret	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	❌ no 	full oauth . a with access token/secret (see below)	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	✔️ yes, on behalf of any user 🌍 	personal access token	🐰 high tier	✔️ yes	✔️ yes, for token holder only 👩 in other words: 	 using the key and secret will get you image urls. these are unavailable to unauthenticated requests. 	 using the key and secret will up your rate limit, unlike unauthenticated requests. 	 but using the key and secret does not identify the requester as any particular user, and as such will not grant access to any resources users should be able to see on their own account (e.g. marketplace orders, private inventory fields, private collections). you will need to use either of the token options for these resources. that’s it! continue sending the key/secret pair or user token with the rest of your requests. oauth flow  oauth is a protocol that allows users to grant access to their data without having to share their password. this is an explanation of how a web application may work with discogs using oauth . a. we highly suggest you use an oauth library/wrapper to simplify the process of authenticating. . obtain consumer key and consumer secret from developer settings ¶ application registration can be found here: https://www.discogs.com/settings/developers you only need to register once per application you make. you should not share your consumer secret, as it acts as a sort of password for your requests. . send a get request to the discogs request token url ¶ get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/request_token include the following headers with your request: content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_callback="your_callback" user-agent: some_user_agent note: using an oauth library instead of generating these requests manually will likely save you a headache if you are new to oauth. please refer to your oauth library’s documentation if you choose to do so. as the example shows, we suggest sending requests with https and the plaintext signature method over hmac-sha due to its simple yet secure nature. this involves setting your oauth_signature_method to “plaintext” and your oauth_signature to be your consumer secret followed by an ampersand (&). if all goes well with the request, you should get an http ok response. if an invalid oauth request is sent, you will receive an http bad request response. be sure to include a unique user-agent in the request headers. a successful request will return a response that contains the following content: oauth request token (oauth_token), an oauth request token secret (oauth_token_secret), and a callback confirmation (oauth_callback_confirmed). these will be used in the following steps. . redirect your user to the discogs authorize page ¶ authorization page: https://discogs.com/oauth/authorize?oauth_token=<your_oauth_request_token> this page will ask the user to authorize your app on behalf of their discogs account. if they accept and authorize, they will receive a verifier key to use as verification. this key is used in the next phase of oauth authentication. if you added a callback url to your discogs application registration, the user will be redirected to that url, and you can capture their verifier from the response. the verifier will be used to generate the access token in the next step. you can always edit your application settings to include a callback url (i.e., you don’t need to re-create a new application). . send a post request to the discogs access token url ¶ post https://api.discogs.com/oauth/access_token include the following headers in your request: content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_token="oauth_token_received_from_step_ " oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_verifier="users_verifier" user-agent: some_user_agent if the oauth access token is not created within minutes of when you receive the oauth request token, your oauth request token and verifier will expire, and you will need to re-create them. if you try to post to the access token url with an expired verifier or your request is malformed, you will receive an http bad request response. as the example shows, we suggest sending requests with https and the plaintext signature method over hmac-sha due to its simple yet secure nature. this involves setting your oauth_signature_method to “plaintext” and your oauth_signature to be your consumer secret followed by an ampersand (&). be sure to include a unique user-agent in the header. a successful request will return a response that contains an oauth access token (oauth_token) and an oauth access token secret (oauth_token_secret). these tokens do not expire (unless the user revokes access from your app), so you should store these tokens in a database or persistent storage to make future requests signed with oauth. all requests that require oauth will require these two tokens to be sent in the request. . send authenticated requests to discogs endpoints ¶ you are now ready to send authenticated requests with discogs through oauth. be sure to attach the user’s oauth access token and oauth access token secret to each request. to test that you are ready to send authenticated requests, send a get request to the identity url. a successful request will yield a response that contains information about the authenticated user. get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity oauth endpoints ¶ request token url  generate the request token request token get /oauth/request_token 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_callback="your_callback" user-agent: some_user_agent 	response   toggle 	 headers oauth_token: abc oauth_token_secret: xyz oauth_callback_confirmed: 'true' access token url  generate the access token access token post /oauth/access_token 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded authorization: oauth oauth_consumer_key="your_consumer_key", oauth_nonce="random_string_or_timestamp", oauth_token="oauth_token_received_from_step_ " oauth_signature="your_consumer_secret&", oauth_signature_method="plaintext", oauth_timestamp="current_timestamp", oauth_verifier="users_verifier" user-agent: some_user_agent 	response   toggle 	 headers oauth_token: abc oauth_token_secret: xyz next  previous database  release  the release resource represents a particular physical or digital object released by one or more artists. get release get /releases/{release_id}{?curr_abbr} get a release 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "title": "never gonna give you up", "id": , "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "", "name": "rick astley", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "data_quality": "correct", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/kaxvhuzuh_uat nnr zmjn lho=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/memory", "username": "memory" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/_ _", "username": "_ _" } ], "data_quality": "correct", "have": , "rating": { "average": . , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/memory", "username": "memory" }, "want": }, "companies": [ { "catno": "", "entity_type": " ", "entity_type_name": "phonographic copyright (p)", "id": , "name": "bmg records (uk) ltd.", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " }, { "catno": "", "entity_type": " ", "entity_type_name": "mastered at", "id": , "name": "utopia studios", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "country": "uk", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "extraartists": [ { "anv": "me co", "id": , "join": "", "name": "me company", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "design", "tracks": "" }, { "anv": "stock / aitken / waterman", "id": , "join": "", "name": "stock, aitken & waterman", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "producer, written-by", "tracks": "" } ], "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", "single", " rpm" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "electronic", "pop" ], "identifiers": [ { "type": "barcode", "value": " " }, ], "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/z_u yqxvdcwvnr tx hlnlaqo y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/z_u yqxvdcwvnr tx hlnlaqo y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ zygpr x hduka_jkhpjf sn mm=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/enqxados t yi zq-r i_mt hsk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/enqxados t yi zq-r i_mt hsk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/abk fwgwsrdju bkcdwk gymkbo=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": "pb ", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "rca", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "lowest_price": . , "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "uk release has a black label with the text \"manufactured in england\" printed on it.\r\n\r\nsleeve:\r\n\u \u bmg records (uk) ltd. \u a \u bmg records (uk) ltd.\r\ndistributed in the uk by bmg records \u distribu\u e en europe par bmg/ariola \u vertrieb en europa d\u fcrch bmg/ariola.\r\n\r\ncenter labels:\r\n\u pete waterman ltd.\r\noriginal sound recording made by pwl.\r\nbmg records (uk) ltd. are the exclusive licensees for the world.\r\n\r\ndurations do not appear on the release.\r\n", "num_for_sale": , "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "synth-pop" ], "tracklist": [ { "duration": " : ", "position": "a", "title": "never gonna give you up", "type_": "track" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": "b", "title": "never gonna give you up (instrumental)", "type_": "track" } ], "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/rick-astley-never-gonna-give-you-up/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "rick astley - never gonna give you up (extended version)", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "rick astley - never gonna give you up (extended version)", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=te jjncbvg " }, ], "year": } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "release not found." } release rating by user  the release rating endpoint retrieves, updates, or deletes the rating of a release for a given user. get release rating by user get /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} retrieves the release’s rating for a given user. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "username": "memory", "release": , "rating": } update release rating by user put /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} updates the release’s rating for a given user. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. 	rating 	int (required) example:  the new rating for a release between and . 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "username": "memory", "release": , "rating": } delete release rating by user delete /releases/{release_id}/rating/{username} deletes the release’s rating for a given user. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	username 	string (required) example: memorythe username of the rating you are trying to request. community release rating  the community release rating endpoint retrieves the average rating and the total number of user ratings for a given release. get community release rating get /releases/{release_id}/rating retrieves the community release rating average and count. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "rating": { "count": "average": . }, "release_id": } release stats  the release stats endpoint retrieves the total number of “haves” (in the community’s collections) and “wants” (in the community’s wantlists) for a given release. get release stats get /releases/{release_id}/stats retrieves the release’s “have” and “want” counts. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: mon, aug : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "num_have": , "num_want": } master release  the master resource represents a set of similar releases. masters (also known as “master releases”) have a “main release” which is often the chronologically earliest. get master get /masters/{master_id} get a master release 	parameters 		master_id 	number (required) example:  the master id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "styles": [ "goa trance" ], "genres": [ "electronic" ], "videos": [ { "duration": , "description": "electric universe - alien encounter part (spirit zone )", "embed": true, "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n lginzmdi ", "title": "electric universe - alien encounter part (spirit zone )" } ], "title": "stardiver", "main_release": , "main_release_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/electric-universe-stardiver/master/ ", "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "electric universe", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "versions_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ /versions", "year": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/_ k t_ils czlpktb mwhvi vy =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/_ k t_ils czlpktb mwhvi vy =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/sswjxkczzsedjx qohg lc f-w=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ id iowgfgb dproi _mvmcefw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ id iowgfgb dproi _mvmcefw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cm q_ s pqerfwa ln jsj y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "tracklist": [ { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "title": "alien encounter (part )" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "extraartists": [ { "join": "", "name": "dj sangeet", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "written-by, producer", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "title": "from the heart" }, { "duration": " : ", "position": " ", "type_": "track", "title": "radio s.p.a.c.e." } ], "id": , "num_for_sale": , "lowest_price": . , "data_quality": "correct" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "master release not found." } master release versions  get all master versions get /masters/{master_id}/versions{?page,per_page} retrieves a list of all releases that are versions of this master. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		master_id 	number (required) example:  the master id 	page 	number (optional) example:  the page you want to request 	per_page 	number (optional) example:  the number of items per page 	format 	string (optional) example: vinylthe format to filter 	label 	string (optional) example: scorpio musicthe label to filter 	released 	string (optional) example:  the release year to filter 	country 	string (optional) example: belgiumthe country to filter 	sort 	string (optional) example: releasedsort items by this field: released (i.e. year of the release) title (i.e. title of the release) format label catno (i.e. catalog number of the release) country 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "versions": [ { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/wv xo ak m btcc b_hed dx_o=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", ⅓ rpm", "country": "us", "title": "plastic dreams", "label": "epic", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/kam -op vlkvujoatgziekwrvg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", ⅓ rpm", "country": "uk", "title": "plastic dreams (mixes)", "label": "r & s records", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": "rsgb t", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, { "status": "accepted", "stats": { "user": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": }, "community": { "in_collection": , "in_wantlist": } }, "thumb": "https://img.discogs.com/cnovcvhayile tyttzho wpz =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "format": " \", white label, ⅓ rpm, promo", "country": "uk", "title": "plastic dreams mixes", "label": "r & s records", "released": " ", "major_formats": [ "vinyl" ], "catno": "rsgb t", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "master release not found." } artist  the artist resource represents a person in the discogs database who contributed to a release in some capacity. get artist get /artists/{artist_id} get an artist 	parameters 		artist_id 	number (required) example:  the artist id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "namevariations": [ "nickleback" ], "profile": "nickelback is a canadian rock band from hanna, alberta formed in . nickelback's music is classed as hard rock and alternative metal. nickelback is one of the most commercially successful canadian groups, having sold almost million albums worldwide, ranking as the th best selling music act of the s, and is the nd best selling foreign act in the u.s. behind the beatles for the 's.", "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/artist/ -nickelback", "urls": [ "http://www.nickelback.com/", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nickelback" ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ xj t ibn ddmpg ussdj igm =/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ xj t ibn ddmpg ussdj igm =/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/--xqi cbtabzz qojvcvzgvnrmu=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/a- - .jpg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/r jrg b -nlqthplj-t jr ugoa=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/r jrg b -nlqthplj-t jr ugoa=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ k-ci xdgsurmc- ox ucygzdgw=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "members": [ { "active": true, "id": , "name": "chad kroeger", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "daniel adair", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "mike kroeger", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "ryan \"vik\" vikedal", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " }, { "active": true, "id": , "name": "ryan peake", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ " } ], } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "artist not found." } artist releases  returns a list of releases and masters associated with the artist. accepts pagination. get an artist's releases get /artists/{artist_id}/releases{?sort,sort_order} get an artist’s releases 	parameters 		artist_id 	number (required) example:  the artist id 	sort 	string (optional) example: yearsort items by this field: year (i.e. year of the release) title (i.e. title of the release) format 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "releases": [ { "artist": "nickelback", "id": , "main_release": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "role": "main", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/lb zp --flarp lmj w dhfwenc=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "curb", "type": "master", "year": }, { "artist": "nickelback", "format": "cd, ep", "id": , "label": "not on label (nickelback self-released)", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "role": "main", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/efrgd n uhtvrjhdlzyxs qjxk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "hesher", "type": "release", "year": }, { "artist": "nickelback", "id": , "main_release": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "role": "main", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ lxbuv ihjyb drfzotqxgcqs=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "leader of men", "type": "master", "year": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "artist not found." } label  the label resource represents a label, company, recording studio, location, or other entity involved with artists and releases. labels were recently expanded in scope to include things that aren’t labels – the name is an artifact of this history. get label get /labels/{label_id} get a label 	parameters 		label_id 	number (required) example:  the label id 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "profile": "classic techno label from detroit, usa.\r\n[b]label owner:[/b] [a=carl craig].\r\n", "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases", "name": "planet e", "contact_info": "planet e communications\r\np.o. box \r\ndetroit, , usa\r\n\r\np: . . \r\nf: . . \r\n\r\nemail: info at planet-e dot net\r\n", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/label/ -planet-e", "sublabels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "name": "antidote ( )" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "name": "community projects" } ], "urls": [ "http://www.planet-e.net", "http://planetecommunications.bandcamp.com", "http://twitter.com/planetedetroit" ], "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ -gkw oexfdp ihtqtcf y_zgi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ -gkw oexfdp ihtqtcf y_zgi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "width": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "data_quality": "needs vote" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "label not found." } all label releases  get all label releases get /labels/{label_id}/releases{?page,per_page} returns a list of releases associated with the label. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		label_id 	number (required) example:  the label id 	page 	number (optional) example:  the page you want to request 	per_page 	number (optional) example:  the number of items per page 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "urls": { "last": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases?per_page= &page= ", "next": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ /releases?per_page= &page= " }, "items": }, "releases": [ { "artist": "andrea parker", "catno": "!k cd", "format": "cd, mixed", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "dj-kicks", "year": }, { "artist": "naomi daniel", "catno": " inz ", "format": " \"", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "stars", "year": }, { "artist": "innerzone orchestra", "catno": " - ", "format": "cd, album, p/mixed", "id": , "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "status": "accepted", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cymcut yh falfhyoqkfo-md e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/l- - .png.jpg", "title": "programmed", "year": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "label not found." } search  issue a search query to our database. this endpoint accepts pagination parameters authentication (as any user) is required. search get /database/search?q={query}&{?type,title,release_title,credit,artist,anv,label,genre,style,country,year,format,catno,barcode,track,submitter,contributor} issue a search query 	parameters 		query 	string (optional) example: nirvanayour search query 	type 	string (optional) example: releasestring. one of release, master, artist, label 	title 	string (optional) example: nirvana - nevermindsearch by combined “artist name - release title” title field. 	release_title 	string (optional) example: nevermindsearch release titles. 	credit 	string (optional) example: kurtsearch release credits. 	artist 	string (optional) example: nirvanasearch artist names. 	anv 	string (optional) example: nirvanasearch artist anv. 	label 	string (optional) example: dgcsearch label names. 	genre 	string (optional) example: rocksearch genres. 	style 	string (optional) example: grungesearch styles. 	country 	string (optional) example: canadasearch release country. 	year 	string (optional) example:  search release year. 	format 	string (optional) example: albumsearch formats. 	catno 	string (optional) example: dgcd- search catalog number. 	barcode 	string (optional) example:  - - search barcodes. 	track 	string (optional) example: smells like teen spiritsearch track titles. 	submitter 	string (optional) example: milktsearch submitter username. 	contributor 	string (optional) example: jerome search contributor usernames. 	requesttoggle 	body get https://api.discogs.com/database/search?release_title=nevermind&artist=nirvana&per_page= &page= 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json content-encoding: gzip server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "urls": { "last": "http://api.discogs.com/database/search?per_page= &artist=nirvana&release_title=nevermind&page= ", "next": "http://api.discogs.com/database/search?per_page= &artist=nirvana&release_title=nevermind&page= " }, "items": }, "results": [ { "style": [ "interview", "grunge" ], "thumb": "", "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "country": "australia", "format": [ "dvd", "pal" ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind-classic-albums/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision", "rajon vision", "classic albums" ], "catno": "rv ", "year": " ", "genre": [ "non-music", "rock" ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "style": [ "interview", "grunge" ], "thumb": "", "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "country": "france", "format": [ "dvd", "pal" ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind-classic-albums/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision", "classic albums" ], "catno": "ev ", "year": " ", "genre": [ "non-music", "rock" ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "style": [ "hard rock", "classic rock" ], "thumb": "", "format": [ "umd" ], "country": "europe", "barcode": [ " " ], "uri": "/nirvana-nevermind/release/ ", "community": { "want": , "have": }, "label": [ "eagle vision" ], "catno": "erumd ", "genre": [ "rock" ], "title": "nirvana - nevermind", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . server error reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "query time exceeded. please try a simpler query." } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . server error reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "an internal server error occurred. (malformed query?)" } videos  if your application integrates youtube videos, then third party cookies may be used. you can view youtube and google’s cookie policy here. next  previous images  the image resource represents a user-contributed image of a database object, such as artists or releases. image requests require authentication and are subject to rate limiting. it’s unlikely that you’ll ever have to construct an image url; images keys on other resources use fully-qualified urls, including hostname and protocol. to retrieve images, authenticate via oauth or discogs auth and fetch the object that contains the image of interest (e.g., the release, user profile, etc.). the image url will be in the response using the https protocol, and requesting that url should succeed. next  previous marketplace  inventory  returns the list of listings in a user’s inventory. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each listing and the corresponding release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information about the release, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if you are not authenticated as the inventory owner, only items that have a status of for sale will be visible. if you are authenticated as the inventory owner you will get additional weight, format_quantity, external_id, and location keys. if the user is authorized, the listing will contain a in_cart boolean field indicating whether or not this listing is in their cart. get inventory get /users/{username}/inventory{?status,sort,sort_order} get a seller’s inventory 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example:  vinylthe username for whose inventory you are fetching 	status 	string (optional) example: for saleonly show items with this status. 	sort 	string (optional) example: pricesort items by this field: listed price item (i.e. the title of the release) artist label catno audio status (when authenticated as the inventory owner) location (when authenticated as the inventory owner) 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: ascsort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json link: <https://api.discogs.com/users/ vinyl/inventory?per_page= &page= >; rel="last", <https://api.discogs.com/users/ vinyl/inventory?per_page= &page= >; rel="next" server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "listings": [ { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": true, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes promotional booklet from original purchase!", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": " , tmr ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "danger mouse & daniele luppi - rome (lp, ora + lp, whi + album, ltd, tip)", "artist": "danger mouse & daniele luppi", "title": "rome", "format": "(lp, ora + lp, whi + album, ltd, tip)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/cfew vfc lvuqdftsvkh ftya=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "id": , "condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes slipmats", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "sth ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "various - stones throw x serato ( x \", ltd, cle)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/bfviibw nzoa bhd xn vfu x_g=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": true, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "very good plus (vg+)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "sth ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "last electro-acoustic space jazz & percussion ensemble, the - summer suite (cd, minialbum, ltd)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pm piqf vek s rckysa eknfgk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false }, { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "id": , "condition": "near mint (nm or m-)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "includes poster, includes download card, includes \", in original bag w/ hype sticker. complete set!", "seller": { "username": "rappcats", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rappcats", "id": }, "release": { "catalog_number": "nsd- ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "metal fingers - presents special herbs the box set vol. - (box, comp, ltd + xlp + \")", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/wyy _nchnz_ergzk gd wxqr-k =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false } ] } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "the request resource was not found." } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unprocessable entity reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "invalid status: expected one of all, deleted, draft, expired, for sale, sold, suspended, violation." } listing  view the data associated with a listing. if the authorized user is the listing owner the listing will include the weight, format_quantity, external_id, and location keys. if the user is authorized, the listing will contain a in_cart boolean field indicating whether or not this listing is in their cart. get listing get /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} the listing resource allows you to view marketplace listings. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "status": "for sale", "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "original_price": { "curr_abbr": "usd", "curr_id": , "formatted": "$ . ", "value": . }, "allow_offers": false, "sleeve_condition": "mint (m)", "id": , "condition": "mint (m)", "posted": " - - t : : - : ", "ships_from": "united states", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/item/ ", "comments": "brand new... still sealed!", "seller": { "username": "booms ", "avatar_url": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ aa fcfa be d ccad da cc ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/booms ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/booms ", "id": "shipping": "buyer responsible for shipping. price depends on distance but is usually $ - .", "payment": "paypal", "stats": { "rating": " ", "stars": . , "total": } }, "shipping_price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "original_shipping_price": { "curr_abbr": "usd", "curr_id": , "formatted": "$ . ", "value": . }, "release": { "catalog_number": " - , - (k )", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": , "description": "lcd soundsystem - the long goodbye: lcd soundsystem live at madison square garden ( xlp + box)", "thumbnail": "https://api-img.discogs.com/usvcarhmrxb km qh_drp gef e=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg" }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ ", "audio": false } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . not found reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "the request resource was not found." } edit a listing post /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} edit the data associated with a listing. if the listing’s status is not for sale, draft, or expired, it cannot be modified – only deleted. to re-list a sold listing, a new listing must be created. authentication as the listing owner is required. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are posting 	condition 	string (required) example: mintthe condition of the release you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) 	sleeve_condition 	string (optional) example: fairthe condition of the sleeve of the item you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) generic not graded no cover 	price 	number (required) example:  . the price of the item (in the seller’s currency). 	comments 	string (optional) example: this item is wonderfulany remarks about the item that will be displayed to buyers. 	allow_offers 	boolean (optional) example: truewhether or not to allow buyers to make offers on the item. defaults to false. 	status 	string (required) example: draftthe status of the listing. defaults to for sale. options are for sale (the listing is ready to be shown on the marketplace) and draft (the listing is not ready for public display). 	external_id 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that can be used for the seller’s own reference. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field is called “private comments” on the discogs website. 	location 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that is intended to help identify an item’s physical storage location. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field will be visible on the inventory management page and will be available in inventory exports via the website. 	weight 	number (optional) example:  . the weight, in grams, of this listing, for the purpose of calculating shipping. set this field to auto to have the weight automatically estimated for you. 	format_quantity 	number (optional) example:  . the number of items this listing counts as, for the purpose of calculating shipping. this field is called “counts as” on the discogs website. set this field to auto to have the quantity automatically estimated for you. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   delete a listing delete /marketplace/listings/{listing_id}{?curr_abbr} permanently remove a listing from the marketplace. authentication as the listing owner is required. 	parameters 		listing_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the listing you are fetching 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   new listing  create new listing post /marketplace/listings{?release_id,condition,sleeve_condition,price,comments,allow_offers,status,external_id,location,weight,format_quantity} create a marketplace listing. authentication is required; the listing will be added to the authenticated user’s inventory. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are posting 	condition 	string (required) example: mintthe condition of the release you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) 	sleeve_condition 	string (optional) example: fairthe condition of the sleeve of the item you are posting. must be one of the following: mint (m) near mint (nm or m-) very good plus (vg+) very good (vg) good plus (g+) good (g) fair (f) poor (p) generic not graded no cover 	price 	number (required) example:  . the price of the item (in the seller’s currency). 	comments 	string (optional) example: this item is wonderfulany remarks about the item that will be displayed to buyers. 	allow_offers 	boolean (optional) example: truewhether or not to allow buyers to make offers on the item. defaults to false. 	status 	string (required) example: draftthe status of the listing. defaults to for sale. options are for sale (the listing is ready to be shown on the marketplace) and draft (the listing is not ready for public display). 	external_id 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that can be used for the seller’s own reference. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field is called “private comments” on the discogs website. 	location 	string (optional) example:  . a freeform field that is intended to help identify an item’s physical storage location. information stored here will not be displayed to anyone other than the seller. this field will be visible on the inventory management page and will be available in inventory exports via the website. 	weight 	number (optional) example:  . the weight, in grams, of this listing, for the purpose of calculating shipping. set this field to auto to have the weight automatically estimated for you. 	format_quantity 	number (optional) example:  . the number of items this listing counts as, for the purpose of calculating shipping. this field is called “counts as” on the discogs website. set this field to auto to have the quantity automatically estimated for you. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "listing_id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/listings/ " } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } order  the order resource allows you to manage a seller’s marketplace orders. get order get /marketplace/orders/{order_id} view the data associated with an order. authentication as the seller is required. 	parameters 		order_id 	number (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": " - ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "status": "new order", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ], "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "media_condition": "mint (m)", "sleeve_condition": "mint (m)", "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unauthorized reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json www-authenticate: oauth realm="https://api.discogs.com" server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "you must authenticate to access this resource." } edit an order post /marketplace/orders/{order_id} edit the data associated with an order. authentication as the seller is required. the response contains a next_status key – an array of valid next statuses for this order, which you can display to the user in (for example) a dropdown control. this also renders your application more resilient to any future changes in the order status logic. changing the order status using this resource will always message the buyer with: seller changed status from old status to new status and does not provide a facility for including a custom message along with the change. for more fine-grained control, use the add a new message resource, which allows you to simultaneously add a message and change the order status. if the order status is neither cancelled, payment received, nor shipped, you can change the shipping. doing so will send an invoice to the buyer and set the order status to invoice sent. (for that reason, you cannot set the shipping and the order status in the same request.) 	parameters 		order_id 	number (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	status 	string (optional) example: new orderthe status of the order you are updating. must be one of the following: new order buyer contacted invoice sent payment pending payment received shipped refund sent cancelled (non-paying buyer) cancelled (item unavailable) cancelled (per buyer's request) the order’s current status furthermore, the new status must be present in the order’s next_status list. for more information about order statuses, see edit an order. 	shipping 	number (optional) example:  . the order shipping amount. as a side-effect of setting this value, the buyer is invoiced and the order status is set to invoice sent. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "id": " - ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "status": "invoice sent", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ], "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": }, "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": } } list orders  returns a list of the authenticated user’s orders. accepts pagination parameters. list orders get /marketplace/orders{?status,created_after,created_before,sort,sort_order} returns a list of the authenticated user’s orders. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		status 	string (optional) example:  - only show orders with this status. valid status keys are: all new order buyer contacted invoice sent payment pending payment received shipped merged order changed refund sent cancelled cancelled (non-paying buyer) cancelled (item unavailable) cancelled (per buyer's request) cancelled (refund received) 	created_after 	string (optional) example:  - - t : : zonly show orders created after this iso timestamp. 	created_before 	string (optional) example:  - - t : : zonly show orders created before this iso timestamp. 	archived 	boolean (optional) example: trueonly show orders with a specific archived status. if no key is provided, both statuses are returned. valid archived keys are: true false 	sort 	string (optional) example:  - sort items by this field (see below). valid sort keys are: id buyer created status last_activity 	sort_order 	string (optional) example:  - sort items in a particular order (one of asc, desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": {} }, "orders": [ { "status": "new order", "fee": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "created": " - - t : : - : ", "items": [ { "release": { "id": , "description": "persuader, the - stockholm ( x \")", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumbnail": "http://api-img.discogs.com/soug t i zfvk khvtd zjgvd_y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg" }, "price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "id": } ], "shipping": { "currency": "usd", "method": "standard", "value": . }, "shipping_address": "asdf exampleton\n ne asdf st.\nasdf town, oregon, \nunited states\n\nphone: - - \npaypal address: asdf@example.com", "additional_instructions": "please use sturdy packaging.", "archived": false, "seller": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller", "username": "example_seller", "id": }, "last_activity": " - - t : : - : ", "buyer": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_buyer", "username": "example_buyer", "id": }, "total": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "id": " - " "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "messages_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - /messages", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/sell/order/ - ", "next_status": [ "new order", "buyer contacted", "invoice sent", "payment pending", "payment received", "shipped", "refund sent", "cancelled (non-paying buyer)", "cancelled (item unavailable)", "cancelled (per buyer's request)" ] } ] } list order messages  list order messages get /marketplace/orders/{order_id}/messages returns a list of the order’s messages with the most recent first. accepts pagination parameters. authentication as the seller is required. 	parameters 		order_id 	string (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "messages": [ { "refund": { "amount": , "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " } }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "example_buyer received refund of $ . .", "type": "refund_received", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "refund": { "amount": , "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " } }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "example_seller sent refund of $ . .", "type": "refund_sent", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "from": { "id": , "username": "example_seller", "avatar_url": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ ddcc fb fb c f ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "message": "thank you for your order!", "type": "message", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "new message - order # - - tz goes beyond ! + more item" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to shipped.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to payment received.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_buyer changed the order status to invoice sent.", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "original": , "new": , "message": "example_seller set the shipping price to $ . .", "type": "shipping", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" }, { "status_id": , "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "actor": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "example_seller created the order by merging orders # - , # - .", "type": "status", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "subject": "" } ] } add new message post /marketplace/orders/{order_id}/messages adds a new message to the order’s message log. when posting a new message, you can simultaneously change the order status. if you do, the message will automatically be prepended with: seller changed status from old status to new status while message and status are each optional, one or both must be present. 	parameters 		order_id 	string (required) example:  - the id of the order you are fetching 	message 	string (optional) example: hello world 	status 	string (optional) example: new order 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	body { "from": { "username": "example_seller", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example_seller" }, "message": "seller changed status from payment received to shipped\n\nyour order is on its way, tracking number #foobarbaz!", "order": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/marketplace/orders/ - ", "id": " - " }, "timestamp": " - - t : : - : ", "subject": "discogs order # - , stockholm" } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } fee  calculate fee get /marketplace/fee/{price} the fee resource allows you to quickly calculate the fee for selling an item on the marketplace. 	parameters 		price 	number (optional) example:  . the price to calculate a fee from 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "value": . , "currency": "usd", } fee with currency  calculate fee get /marketplace/fee/{price}/{currency} the fee resource allows you to quickly calculate the fee for selling an item on the marketplace given a particular currency. 	parameters 		price 	number (optional) example:  . the price to calculate a fee from 	currency 	string (optional) example: usddefaults to usd. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "value": . , "currency": "usd", } price suggestions  get price suggestions get /marketplace/price_suggestions/{release_id} retrieve price suggestions for the provided release id. if no suggestions are available, an empty object will be returned. authentication is required, and the user needs to have filled out their seller settings. suggested prices will be denominated in the user’s selling currency. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id to calculate a price from. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "very good (vg)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "good plus (g+)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "near mint (nm or m-)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "good (g)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "very good plus (vg+)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "mint (m)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "fair (f)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "poor (p)": { "currency": "usd", "value": . } } release statistics  get marketplace stats get /marketplace/stats/{release_id}{?curr_abbr} retrieve marketplace statistics for the provided release id. these statistics reflect the state of the release in the marketplace currently, and include the number of items currently for sale, lowest listed price of any item for sale, and whether the item is blocked for sale in the marketplace. authentication is optional. authenticated users will by default have the lowest currency expressed in their own buyer currency, configurable in buyer settings, in the absence of the curr_abbr query parameter to specify the currency. unauthenticated users will have the price expressed in us dollars, if no curr_abbr is provided. releases that have no items for sale in the marketplace will return a body with null data in the lowest_price and num_for_sale keys. releases that are blocked for sale will also have null data for these keys. 	parameters 		release_id 	number (required) example:  the release id whose stats are desired 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. defaults to the authenticated users currency. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "lowest_price": { "currency": "usd", "value": . }, "num_for_sale": , "blocked_from_sale": false } next  previous inventory export  export your inventory  export your inventory post /inventory/export request an export of your inventory as a csv. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get recent exports  get recent exports get /inventory/export get a list of all recent exports of your inventory. accepts pagination parameters. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "items": [ { "status": "success", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "download_url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ /download", "filename": "cburmeister-inventory- - .csv", "id": } ], "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get an export  get an export get /inventory/export/{id} get details about the status of an inventory export. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: multipart/form-data if-modified-since: thu, sep : : gmt 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json last-modified: thu, sep : : gmt body { "status": "success", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "download_url": "https://api.discogs.com/inventory/export/ /download", "filename": "cburmeister-inventory- - .csv", "id": } 	response   	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json download an export  download an export get /inventory/export/{id}/download download the results of an inventory export. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: text/csv; charset=utf- content-disposition: attachment; filename=cburmeister-inventory- - .csv 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json next  previous inventory upload  add inventory  add inventory post /inventory/upload/add upload a csv of listings to add to your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: release_id,price,media_condition,comments , . ,mint (m),comments about this release for sale , . ,near mint (nm or m-),more comments , . ,good (g),signed vinyl copy things to note: ¶ these listings will be marked “for sale” immediately. currency information will be pulled from your marketplace settings. any fields that aren’t optional or required will be ignored. required fields ¶ 	 release_id - must be a number. this value corresponds with the discogs database release id. 	 price - must be a number. 	 media_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). optional fields ¶ 	 sleeve_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 comments accept_offer - must be y or n. 	 location - private free-text field to help identify an item’s physical location. 	 external_id - private notes or ids for your own reference. 	 weight - in grams. must be a non-negative integer. 	 format_quantity - number of items that this item counts as (for shipping). conditions ¶ when you specify a media condition, it must exactly match one of these: 	 mint (m) 	 near mint (nm or m-) 	 very good plus (vg+) 	 very good (vg) 	 good plus (g+) 	 good (g) 	 fair (f) 	 poor (p) sleeve condition may be any of the above, or: 	 not graded 	 generic 	 no cover 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file of items to add to your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json change inventory  change inventory post /inventory/upload/change upload a csv of listings to change in your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: release_id,price,media_condition,comments , . ,mint (m),comments about this release for sale , . ,near mint (nm or m-),more comments , . ,good (g),signed vinyl copy things to note: ¶ these listings will be marked “for sale” immediately. currency information will be pulled from your marketplace settings. any fields that aren’t optional or required will be ignored. required fields ¶ 	release_id - must be a number. this value corresponds with the discogs database release id. optional fields (at least one required) ¶ 	 price - 	 media_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 sleeve_condition - must be a valid condition (see below). 	 comments 	 accept_offer - must be y or n. 	 external_id - private notes or ids for your own reference. 	 location - private free-text field to help identify an item’s physical location. 	 weight - in grams. must be a non-negative integer. 	 format_quantity - number of items that this item counts as (for shipping). conditions ¶ when you specify a media condition, it must exactly match one of these: 	 mint (m) 	 near mint (nm or m-) 	 very good plus (vg+) 	 very good (vg) 	 good plus (g+) 	 good (g) 	 fair (f) 	 poor (p) sleeve condition may be any of the above, or: 	 not graded 	 generic 	 no cover 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file of items to alter in your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json delete inventory  delete inventory post /inventory/upload/delete upload a csv of listings to delete from your inventory. file structure ¶ the file you upload must be a comma-separated csv. the first row must be a header with lower case field names. here’s an example: listing_id required fields ¶ 	listing_id - must be a number. this is the id of the listing you wish to delete. 	parameters 		upload 	file (required) the csv file listing items to remove from your inventory. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json location: https://api.discogs.com/inventory/upload/ 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get recent uploads  get recent uploads get /inventory/upload get a list of all recent inventory uploads. accepts pagination parameters. 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "items": [ { "status": "success", "results": "csv file contains records.<p>processed records.", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "filename": "add.csv", "type": "change", "id": } ], "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": } } 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json get an upload  get an upload get /inventory/upload/{id} get details about the status of an inventory upload. 	parameters 		id 	number (required) id of the export. 	requesttoggle 	 headers content-type: multipart/form-data if-modified-since: thu, sep : : gmt 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json body { "status": "success", "results": "csv file contains records.<p>processed records.", "created_ts": " - - t : : ", "finished_ts": " - - t : : ", "filename": "add.csv", "type": "change", "id": } 	response   	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json 	response   toggle 	 headers content-type: application/json next  previous user identity  identity  get identity get /oauth/identity retrieve basic information about the authenticated user. you can use this resource to find out who you’re authenticated as, and it also doubles as a good sanity check to ensure that you’re using oauth correctly. for more detailed information, make another request for the user’s profile. 	requesttoggle 	body get https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json content-encoding: gzip content-location: https://api.discogs.com/oauth/identity?oauth_body_hash=some_hash&oauth_nonce=... server: lighttpd content-length: date: tue, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": , "username": "example", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example", "consumer_name": "your application name" } 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . unauthorized reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json www-authenticate: oauth realm="https://api.discogs.com" server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "message": "you must authenticate to access this resource." } profile  get profile get /users/{username} retrieve a user by username. if authenticated as the requested user, the email key will be visible, and the num_list count will include the user’s private lists. if authenticated as the requested user or the user’s collection/wantlist is public, the num_collection / num_wantlist keys will be visible. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of whose profile you are requesting. 	response   toggle 	 headers status: http/ . ok reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "profile": "i am a software developer for discogs.\r\n\r\n[img=http://i.imgur.com/iak ukk.gif]", "wantlist_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/wants", "rank": , "num_pending": , "id": , "num_for_sale": , "home_page": "", "location": "i live in the good ol' pacific nw", "collection_folders_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/collection/folders", "username": "rodneyfool", "collection_fields_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/collection/fields", "releases_contributed": , "registered": " - - t : : - : ", "rating_avg": . , "num_collection": , "releases_rated": , "num_lists": , "name": "rodney", "num_wantlist": , "inventory_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/inventory", "avatar_url": "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/ f dc b c b abc d ?s= &r=pg&d=mm", "banner_url": "https://img.discogs.com/dhuje-prjmod hn cdvi pugeh =/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg)/discogs-banners/b- -user- - .jpg.jpg", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/user/rodneyfool", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool", "buyer_rating": . , "buyer_rating_stars": , "buyer_num_ratings": , "seller_rating": . , "seller_rating_stars": , "seller_num_ratings": , "curr_abbr": "usd", } edit profile post /users/{username} edit a user’s profile data. authentication as the user is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: vreonthe username of the user. 	name 	string (optional) example: nicolas cagethe real name of the user. 	home_page 	string (optional) example: www.discogs.comthe user’s website. 	location 	string (optional) example: portlandthe geographical location of the user. 	profile 	string (optional) example: i am a discogs user!biographical information about the user. 	curr_abbr 	string (optional) example: usdcurrency for marketplace data. must be one of the following: usd gbp eur cad aud jpy chf mxn brl nzd sek zar 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "username": "example", "name": "example sampleman", "email": "sampleman@example.com", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example", "inventory_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/inventory", "collection_folders_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders", "collection_fields_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/fields", "wantlist_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/user/example", "profile": "this is some [b]different sample[/b] data!", "home_page": "http://www.example.com", "location": "australia", "registered": " - - : : - : ", "num_lists": , "num_for_sale": , "num_collection": , "num_wantlist": , "num_pending": , "releases_contributed": , "rank": , "releases_rated": , "rating_avg": . } 	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } user submissions  the submissions resource represents all edits that a user makes to releases, labels, and artist. get submissions get /users/{username}/submissions retrieve a user’s submissions by username. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: shooezgirlthe username of the submissions you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "items": , "page": , "pages": , "per_page": , "urls": {} }, "submissions": { "artists": [ { "data_quality": "needs vote", "id": , "name": "grimy", "namevariations": [ "grimmy" ], "releases_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ /releases", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/artist/ -grimy" } ], "labels": [], "releases": [ { "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "", "name": "chaka khan", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/diognes_the_fox", "username": "diognes_the_fox" } ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "have": , "rating": { "average": , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, "want": }, "companies": [], "country": "us", "data_quality": "needs vote", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", " rpm", "promo" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "funk / soul" ], "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/i jf s s lmnbuwxstcxaqs rw =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/i jf s s lmnbuwxstcxaqs rw =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/xmswaqp t snwduto-gxmhxwt s=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": }, { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/st pldmoocfjz- jeui xqr kw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "secondary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/st pldmoocfjz- jeui xqr kw=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/f qfdjbjpup-eht dvslcfptte =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": " - ", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "warner bros. records", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "promotion not for sale", "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "rhythm & blues" ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/xmswaqp t snwduto-gxmhxwt s=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "love of a lifetime", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/chaka-khan-love-of-a-lifetime/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "chaka khan - love you all my lifetime (live)", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - love you all my lifetime (live)", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=worcyzfchti" }, { "description": "chaka khan - love of a lifetime [official video]", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - love of a lifetime [official video]", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= k -q vqjde" }, { "description": "chaka khan - coltrane dreams ~{the version}~", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "chaka khan - coltrane dreams ~{the version}~", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= eag kds g" } ], "year": } ] } } user contributions  the contributions resource represents releases, labels, and artists submitted by a user. get contributions get /users/{username}/contributions{?sort,sort_order} retrieve a user’s contributions by username. accepts pagination parameters. valid sort keys are: label artist title catno format rating year added valid sort_order keys are: asc desc 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: shooezgirlthe username of the submissions you are trying to fetch. 	sort 	string (optional) example: artistsort items by this field (see below for all valid sort keys. 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: descsort items in a particular order (asc or desc) 	response   toggle 	body { "contributions": [ { "artists": [ { "anv": "", "id": , "join": "and", "name": "cher", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "role": "", "tracks": "" } ], "community": { "contributors": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/aquacrash_dj", "username": "aquacrash_dj" } ], "data_quality": "needs vote", "have": , "rating": { "average": , "count": }, "status": "accepted", "submitter": { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/shooezgirl", "username": "shooezgirl" }, "want": }, "companies": [], "country": "us", "data_quality": "needs vote", "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "estimated_weight": , "format_quantity": , "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ " \"", " rpm", "single", "promo" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "genres": [ "rock", "pop" ], "id": , "images": [ { "height": , "resource_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/e x tnzv nkdootpjan-dtcbfa =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "type": "primary", "uri": "https://api-img.discogs.com/e x tnzv nkdootpjan-dtcbfa =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "uri ": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ et xtf reflokoqi nsj ajvfi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "width": } ], "labels": [ { "catno": " - -dj", "entity_type": " ", "id": , "name": "geffen records", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ " } ], "master_id": , "master_url": "https://api.discogs.com/masters/ ", "notes": "promotion not for sale", "released": " ", "released_formatted": " ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "series": [], "status": "accepted", "styles": [ "ballad" ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ et xtf reflokoqi nsj ajvfi=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "after all", "uri": "http://www.discogs.com/cher-and-peter-cetera-after-all/release/ ", "videos": [ { "description": "cher & peter cetera - after all [on-screen lyrics]", "duration": , "embed": true, "title": "cher & peter cetera - after all [on-screen lyrics]", "uri": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qy j iscw" } ], "year": } ], "pagination": { "items": , "page": , "pages": , "per_page": , "urls": {} } } next  previous user collection  collection  the collection resource allows you to view and manage a user’s collection. a collection is arranged into folders. every user has two permanent folders already: id , the “all” folder, which cannot have releases added to it, and id , the “uncategorized” folder. because it’s possible to own more than one copy of a release, each with its own notes, grading, and so on, each instance of a release in a folder has an instance id. through the discogs website, users can create custom notes fields. there is not yet an api method for creating and deleting these fields, but they can be listed, and the values of the fields on any instance can be modified. get collection folders get /users/{username}/collection/folders retrieve a list of folders in a user’s collection. if the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only folder id (the “all” folder) will be visible (if the requested user’s collection is public). 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to retrieve. 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "folders": [ { "id": , "count": , "name": "all", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " }, { "id": , "count": , "name": "uncategorized", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } ] } create folder post /users/{username}/collection/folders create a new folder in a user’s collection. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to retrieve. 	name 	string (optional) example: my favoritesthe name of the newly-created folder. 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "name": "my music", "count": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } collection folder  get folders get /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} retrieve metadata about a folder in a user’s collection. if folder_id is not , authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to request. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to request. 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "id": , "count": , "name": "uncategorized", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } edit folder post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} edit a folder’s metadata. folders and cannot be renamed. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "count": , "name": "an example folder", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ " } delete folder delete /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id} delete a folder from a user’s collection. a folder must be empty before it can be deleted. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to delete. 	response   collection items by release  get items by release get /users/{username}/collection/releases/{release_id} view the user’s collection folders which contain a specified release. this will also show information about each release instance. the release_id must be non-zero. authentication as the collection owner is required if the owner’s collection is private. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: susan.salkeldthe username of the collection you are trying to view. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release to request. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": {}, "pages": }, "releases": [ { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": }, { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": }, { "instance_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "labels": [ { "name": "varèse vintage", "entity_type": " ", "catno": " ", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "formats": [ { "descriptions": [ "lp", "album", "compilation", "limited edition", "mono" ], "name": "vinyl", "qty": " " } ], "thumb": "http://api-img.discogs.com/fgmdbz m wnpweasn ywz jzqui=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "the bbc radio sessions", "artists": [ { "join": ",", "name": "the zombies", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "http://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "year": , "id": }, "folder_id": , "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "id": } ] } collection items by folder  get items get /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases returns the list of item in a folder in a user’s collection. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if folder_id is not , or the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only public notes fields will be visible. valid sort keys are: label artist title catno format rating added year 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to request. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to request. 	sort 	string (optional) example: artistsort items by this field (see below for all valid sort keys. 	sort_order 	string (optional) example: descsort items in a particular order (asc or desc) 	response   toggle 	 headers reproxy-status: yes access-control-allow-origin: * cache-control: public, must-revalidate content-type: application/json server: lighttpd content-length: date: wed, jul : : gmt x-varnish: age: via: . varnish connection: keep-alive body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": { "next": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", "last": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /releases?page= &per_page= ", } }, "releases": [ { "id": , "instance_id": , "folder_id": , "rating": , "basic_information": { "id": , "title": "information chase", "year": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/vzpyq _kc gzfs c scj ze =/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/vzpyq _kc gzfs c scj ze /fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "mini", "ep" ], "name": "cdr" } ], "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": " bp ", "id": , "name": " bitpeoples" } ], "artists": [ { "id": , "name": "bit shifter", "join": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "" } ], "genres": [ "electronic", "pop" ], "styles": [ "chiptune" ] }, "notes": [ { "field_id": , "value": "bleep bloop blorp." } ] } ] } add to collection folder  add release post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id} add a release to a folder in a user’s collection. the folder_id must be non-zero – you can use for “uncategorized”. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are adding. 	response   toggle 	body { "instance_id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/collection/folders/ /release/ /instance/ " } change rating of release  change rating post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id} change the rating on a release and/or move the instance to another folder. this endpoint potentially takes folder_id parameters: one in the url (which is the folder you are requesting, and is required), and one in the request body (representing the folder you want to move the instance to, which is optional) authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (optional) example:  the id of the folder to modify (this parameter is set in the request body and is set if you want to move the instance to this folder). 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  the rating of the instance you are supplying. 	response   delete instance from folder  delete instance delete /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id} remove an instance of a release from a user’s collection folder. to move the release to the “uncategorized” folder instead, use the post method. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	response   	response   toggle 	body { "message": "you don't have permission to access this resource." } list custom fields  list fields get /users/{username}/collection/fields retrieve a list of user-defined collection notes fields. these fields are available on every release in the collection. if the collection has been made private by its owner, authentication as the collection owner is required. if you are not authenticated as the collection owner, only fields with public set to true will be visible. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "fields": [ { "name": "media", "options": [ "mint (m)", "near mint (nm or m-)", "very good plus (vg+)", "very good (vg)", "good plus (g+)", "good (g)", "fair (f)", "poor (p)" ], "id": , "position": , "type": "dropdown", "public": true }, { "name": "sleeve", "options": [ "generic", "no cover", "mint (m)", "near mint (nm or m-)", "very good plus (vg+)", "very good (vg)", "good plus (g+)", "good (g)", "fair (f)", "poor (p)" ], "id": , "position": , "type": "dropdown", "public": true }, { "name": "notes", "lines": , "id": , "position": , "type": "textarea", "public": true } ] } edit fields instance  edit fields post /users/{username}/collection/folders/{folder_id}/releases/{release_id}/instances/{instance_id}/fields/{field_id}{?value} change the value of a notes field on a particular instance. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	value 	string (required) example: foothe new value of the field. if the field’s type is dropdown, the value must match one of the values in the field’s list of options. 	folder_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the folder to modify. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are modifying. 	instance_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the instance. 	field_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the field. 	response   collection value  get collection value get /users/{username}/collection/value returns the minimum, median, and maximum value of a user’s collection. authentication as the collection owner is required. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the collection you are trying to modify. 	response   toggle 	body { "maximum": "$ . ", "median": "$ . ", "minimum": "$ . " } next  previous user wantlist  wantlist  the wantlist resource allows you to view and manage a user’s wantlist. get wantlist get /users/{username}/wants returns the list of releases in a user’s wantlist. accepts pagination parameters. basic information about each release is provided, suitable for display in a list. for detailed information, make another api call to fetch the corresponding release. if the wantlist has been made private by its owner, you must be authenticated as the owner to view it. the notes field will be visible if you are authenticated as the wantlist owner. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "pages": , "page": , "items": , "urls": {} }, "wants": [ { "rating": , "basic_information": { "formats": [ { "text": "digipak", "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "album" ], "name": "cd" } ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pslacp_i -eppksbahx t dmxtg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/pslacp_i -eppksbahx t dmxtg=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "year zero", "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": "b - ", "id": , "name": "interscope records" } ], "year": , "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "nine inch nails", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "id": }, { "rating": , "basic_information": { "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ "album" ], "name": "cdr" } ], "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/w cvy ppmyedlqy sjoaojc mhq=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/w cvy ppmyedlqy sjoaojc mhq=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "dawn metropolis", "labels": [ { "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "entity_type": "", "catno": "norm ", "id": , "name": "normative" } ], "year": , "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "anamanaguchi", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "id": }, "notes": "sample notes.", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "id": } ] } add to wantlist  add a release to a user’s wantlist. authentication as the wantlist owner is required. add to wantlist put /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	release_id 	number (required) example:  the id of the release you are adding. 	notes 	string (optional) example: my favorite releaseuser notes to associate with this release. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  user’s rating of this release, from (unrated) to (best). defaults to . 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "rating": , "notes": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "basic_information": { "id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "stockholm", "year": , "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ " \"" ], "name": "vinyl" } ], "labels": [ { "name": "svek", "entity_type": " ", "catno": "sk ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "persuader, the", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ] } } edit release in wantlist post /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	notes 	string (optional) example: my favorite releaseuser notes to associate with this release. 	rating 	number (optional) example:  user’s rating of this release, from (unrated) to (best). defaults to . 	response   toggle 	body { "id": , "rating": , "notes": "i've added some notes!", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/users/example/wants/ ", "basic_information": { "id": , "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "thumb": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "cover_image": "https://api-img.discogs.com/ hgtqztb os duruukqeleleapk=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb()/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "title": "stockholm", "year": , "formats": [ { "qty": " ", "descriptions": [ " \"" ], "name": "vinyl" } ], "labels": [ { "name": "svek", "entity_type": " ", "catno": "sk ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/labels/ ", "id": , "entity_type_name": "label" } ], "artists": [ { "join": "", "name": "persuader, the", "anv": "", "tracks": "", "role": "", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "id": } ] } } delete release from wantlist delete /users/{username}/wants/{release_id}{?notes,rating} 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the wantlist you are trying to fetch. 	response   next  previous user lists  user lists  the list resource allows you to view a user’s lists. get lists get /users/{username}/lists returns a user’s lists. private lists will only display when authenticated as the owner. accepts pagination parameters. 	parameters 		username 	string (required) example: rodneyfoolthe username of the lists you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "pagination": { "per_page": , "items": , "page": , "urls": { "prev": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/lists?per_page= &page= ", "first": "https://api.discogs.com/users/rodneyfool/lists?per_page= &page= " }, "pages": }, "lists": [ { "date_added": " - - t : : - : ", "date_changed": " - - t : : - : ", "name": "rodneyfool", "id": , "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/lists/rodneyfool/ ", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/lists/ ", "public": false, "description": "foo test description" } ] } list  get list items get /lists/{list_id} returns items from a specified list. private lists will only display when authenticated as the owner. 	parameters 		list_id 	string (required) example:  the id of the list you are trying to fetch. 	response   toggle 	body { "created_ts": " - - t : : - : ", "modified_ts": " - - t : : - : ", "name": "new list", "list_id": , "url": "https://www.discogs.com/lists/new-list/ ", "items": [ { "comment": "my list comment", "display_title": "silent phase - the rewired mixes", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/silent-phase-the-rewired-mixes/release/ ", "image_url": "https://api-img.discogs.com/- gf ykx-ok pcpnr b rt_dc=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "comment": "item comment", "display_title": "various - artificial intelligence ii", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/various-artificial-intelligence-ii/release/ ", "image_url": "http://api-img.discogs.com/euixsynjwqxjelre_kqnv-ztx y=/fit-in/ x /filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/r- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/releases/ ", "type": "release", "id": }, { "comment": "this is an artist", "display_title": "silent phase", "uri": "https://www.discogs.com/artist/ -silent-phase", "image_url": "http://api-img.discogs.com/- gf ykx-ok pcpnr b rt_dc=/ x /smart/filters:strip_icc():format(jpeg):mode_rgb():quality( )/discogs-images/a- - .jpeg.jpg", "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/artists/ ", "type": "artist", "id": } ], "resource_url": "https://api.discogs.com/lists/ ", "public": false, "description": "what a cool list!" } previous © discogs® this page may not display correctly when opened as a local file. instead, view it from a web server. departed glories — biosphere | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. biosphere departed glories play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august label: smalltown supersound ‎– sts cd format: cd, album country: norway released: aug genre: electronic style: ambient, experimental the artist jessica ingram’s series of photographs “road through midnight: a civil rights memorial” seems, at a glance, to simply portray beautiful or quotidian parts of the southern landscape. but the postcard-ready images are backlit by an appalling fact: they were all the sites of racist murders. on his new biosphere record, departed glories, the influential norwegian ambient musician geir jenssen does something strikingly similar, poised … read more label: smalltown supersound ‎– sts cd format: cd, album country: norway released: aug genre: electronic style: ambient, experimental the a… read more label: smalltown supersound ‎– sts cd format: cd, album country: norway released: aug genre: electronic style: ambient, experimental the artist jessica ingram’s series of phot… read more related tags 	ambient 	a distant fire burning 	drone 	electronic 	 add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 out of the cradle 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 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intelligence agency & biosphere listeners buy 	loading 	 tri repetae autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dreamtime return steve roach , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 patashnik biosphere , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the isness the future sound of london , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 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friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@_biosphere_) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more biosphere , listeners related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	experimental biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in the sombre sweep of his music. his songs evoke the endless expanse of the arctic. satellites, dropsondes and nuclear power plants have been among the themes on jenssen's conceptual albums, revealing a preoccupation with technology and how it interacts with the natural world. some tracks are freely downloadable on biosphere's website. . a lo-fi hip hop/beats producer from toronto. biosph… read more biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in t… read more biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in the sombre sweep of his music. his songs evoke … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 the higher intelligence agency & biosphere , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 gas , listeners 	 global communication , listeners 	 deathprod , listeners 	 steve roach , listeners 	 the higher intelligence agency , listeners 	 the future sound of london , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 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tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@_biosphere_) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close christina vantzou music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. christina vantzou play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release multi natural july play album 	 popular this week anna mae listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born in 	kansas city, jackson county, missouri, united states in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead texan with her partner adam wiltzie and eventually creating her own solo audiovisual project. the dead texan toured extensively in - and in christina was commissioned to make animations and play onstage with sparklehorse. in the meantime commissions for videos also developed into collaborations with christopher willits, fovea hex, tokion magazine, interpol, and mtv netherlands. christina… read more in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead texan with her partner adam wiltzie and eventually creating her own solo audiovisual project. the dead texa… read more in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead texan with her partner adam wiltzie and eventually creating her own solo audiovisual project. the dead texan toured extensively in - and in christina was commissioned… read more related tags 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	cello 	minimalism 	instrumental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 olan mill 	 sarah davachi 	 rafael anton irisarri view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 anna mae 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 homemade mountains 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 at dawn 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 at dawn (mixed) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 little darlin seize the sun 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current 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wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.christinavantzou.com 	 facebook (christinavantzou) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.christinavantzou.com 	 facebook (christinavantzou) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 olan mill , listeners 	 sarah davachi , listeners 	 rafael anton irisarri , listeners 	 kyle bobby dunn , listeners 	 brian mcbride , listeners 	 klara lewis , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close colleen music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. colleen play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release ultimate pre-party collection november play album 	 popular this week soul alphabet listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 (age ) 	born in 	paris, Île-de-france, france cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples were a common part of her early work and in summer the debut album everyone alive wants answers was released. it was notable for its heavy use of looped samples, which were taken from records in her collection and heavily modified. the album was critically well-received and drew enough attention to warrant touring. during live shows, schott would replicate the sounds from the album using acou… read more cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples were a common part of her early work and in summer the debut album everyone alive wants answers was… read more cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples were a common part of her early work and in summer the debut album everyone alive wants answers was released. it was notable for its heavy use of looped samples, which wer… read more related tags 	ambient 	experimental 	electronic 	french 	electronica add tagsview all tags similar to 	 susumu yokota 	 grouper 	 christina vantzou view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 soul alphabet 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 captain of none 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 november 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 summer water 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the golden morning breaks 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 geometría del universo 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 moonlit sky 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 separating 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 i'm kin 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the stars vs creatures 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 the golden morning breaks , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 everyone alive wants answers , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 captain of none , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the weighing of the heart , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 colleenplays.org 	 facebook (colleenplays) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close saunter — chihei hatakeyama | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. chihei hatakeyama saunter play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	may 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	may do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	japanese 	experimental 	atmospheric 	room add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 threads echoing far away from sea coast 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the room in past 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 images of broken light 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 a stone inside the box 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 small pond 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 landscape on a hill 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 lapses pausal , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pine olan mill , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 arboretum poemme , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 electronic drops one second old listeners buy 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, listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wilderness of mirrors lawrence english , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 void xiv chihei hatakeyama , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ways of meaning kyle bobby dunn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 with love ex confusion , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the history of yellowstone - the discovery brian mcbride , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday 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tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.chihei.org 	 twitter (@chi_hatakeyama_) 	 facebook (chihei-hatakeyama- ) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more chihei hatakeyama , listeners related tags 	ambient 	minimal 	japanese chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars, pianos, and vibraphones on a laptop. the result is a mix of droning chords and sparse single instruments rising above the mix. his music may be classified as either post-ambient experimental music or new-age music. chihei hatakeyama has released over albums as of . he released his first full-length album, minima moralia on kranky in hatakeyama's debut us album is a meditation on … read more chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars,… read more chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars, pianos, and vibraphones on a laptop. the resu… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 subatomic dreams , listeners 	 one second old , listeners 	 argentus , listeners 	 holy hydrogen , listeners 	 lanfranco spadaro , listeners 	 hakobune , listeners 	 taylor deupree , listeners 	 brian mcbride , listeners 	 christopher willits , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 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november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.chihei.org 	 twitter (@chi_hatakeyama_) 	 facebook (chihei-hatakeyama- ) trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close james murray music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. james murray play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release the muse - ep march play album 	 popular this week unbroken lines listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective aesthetic. the critically acclaimed where edges meet was released by ultimae records in and followed in by floods and by the land bridge, both on his own independent imprint slowcraft records. view wiki james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective aesthetic. the critically acclaimed where edges meet was released by ultimae records in and follow… read more james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective aesthetic. the critically acclaimed where edges meet was released by ultimae records in and followed in by floods and by the land bridge, both on his own indepe… read more related tags 	ambient 	downtempo 	chillout 	electronic 	psychill add tagsview all tags similar to 	 circular 	 hybrid leisureland 	 aes dana view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 unbroken lines 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 tucchaka 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 what can be done 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 appaṇihita 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 rittaka 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 where edges meet 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 awayward 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 outside context solution 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 nautilus 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 lokuttara 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 where edges meet , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 floods , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 eyes to the height , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 falling backwards listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you 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wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 www.jamesmurray.info 	 facebook (jamesmurray.info) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 circular , listeners 	 hybrid 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you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the expanding flower planet — deradoorian | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. deradoorian the expanding flower planet play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	sexy 	electronic 	female vocalists 	neo-psychedelia 	later add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 a beautiful woman 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 expanding flower planet 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 violet minded 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 komodo 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 your creator 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the invisible man 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 darklord 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 ouneya 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 the eye 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 grow 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 l.a. witch l.a. witch , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 person pitch panda bear , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stridulum ii zola jesus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wait to pleasure no joy , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 women women , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 peaking lights , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mind raft deradoorian , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 kiss yr frenemies illuminati hotties , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs of shame woods , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 water dehd , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beat stuff hannah georgas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i don't run hinds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 l.a. witch l.a. witch , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 person pitch panda bear , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stridulum ii zola jesus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wait to pleasure no joy , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 women women , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 peaking lights , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mind raft deradoorian , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 kiss yr frenemies illuminati hotties , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs of shame woods , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 water dehd , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beat stuff hannah georgas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i don't run hinds , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 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saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@deradoorian) 	 facebook (deradoorian) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more deradoorian , listeners related tags 	psychedelic 	lo-fi 	female vocalists angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is available through insound. according to her myspace page (http://www.myspace.com/angelderadoorian): "i'm trying something new. still using garageband. sounds better in headphones. bands i play in: dirty projectors, secret surprise and the latter day saints, inlets, mature women, fleetwood mac." concerning her new record: "i have finished recording my first real recording of mus… read more angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is … read more angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is available through insound. according to her my… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 dehd , listeners 	 will butler , listeners 	 woods , listeners 	 nadine shah , listeners 	 panda bear , listeners 	 no joy , listeners 	 bill callahan , listeners 	 torres , listeners 	 zola jesus , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday 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next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. david newlyn apparitions i and ii more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading do you have the artwork for this album? add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	idm 	experimental 	electronica add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 intro (statik) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 nuclear ghosts 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 broken - parts i, ii and iii 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 tide 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 i've got all that you don't need 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 walk on glass fragments 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 one minute (waltz) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 illumine 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener 	 	 	 love this track 	 nebulous 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener 	 	 	 love this track 	 forlorn 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener 	 	 	 love this track 	 seen in a different light 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener 	 	 	 love this track 	 untitled (end) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener 	 	 	 love this track 	 outro 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listener similar albums 	 singing stones jasper tx , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a dream in blood sun hammer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 disintegrating suburban dream david newlyn listeners play album buy 	loading 	 anthropology, vol. loren dent , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 when life mirrors itself jannick schou listeners play album buy 	loading 	 durée minamo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 procesamiento digital dos ontayso listeners play album buy 	loading 	 abstracts on solitude isnaj dui listeners play album buy 	loading 	 northerner listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow, with pages of fluttering interference christopher hipgrave , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 home is where the ghost is hessien , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 modern pressure kane ikin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 singing stones jasper tx , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a dream in blood sun hammer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 disintegrating suburban dream david newlyn listeners play album buy 	loading 	 anthropology, vol. loren dent , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 when life mirrors itself jannick schou listeners play album buy 	loading 	 durée minamo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 procesamiento digital dos ontayso listeners play album buy 	loading 	 abstracts on solitude isnaj dui listeners play album buy 	loading 	 northerner listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow, with pages of fluttering interference christopher hipgrave , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 home is where the ghost is hessien , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 modern pressure kane ikin , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 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several boltfish compilations and previously released the didn't know where i was ep and the debut album, wait here with me. view wiki david newlyn is durham-based electronic artist. newlyn is no stranger to music, aside from running the cdr label october man recordings, he has appeared on several boltfish compilations and… read more david newlyn is durham-based electronic artist. newlyn is no stranger to music, aside from running the cdr label october man recordings, he has appeared on several boltfish compilations and previously released the didn't know wher… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 isnaj dui , listeners 	 relmic statute , listeners 	 damian valles , listeners 	 hessien , listeners 	 michael santos , listeners 	 northerner , listeners 	 jannick schou , listeners 	 ryonkt , listeners 	 loren dent , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically 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track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 like a drug 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 waiting 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 milk and honey 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 work it out 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 know me frankie rose , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 lavender half waif , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tal uno barrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 alvvays alvvays , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 amo xo no vacation , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sure hatchie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 picture you staring tops , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fazerdaze ep fazerdaze , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 soft sounds from another planet japanese breakfast , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the days we had day wave , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vhs castlebeat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nausea craft spells , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 know me frankie rose , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 lavender half waif , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tal uno barrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 alvvays alvvays , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 amo xo no vacation , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sure hatchie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 picture you staring tops , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fazerdaze ep fazerdaze , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 soft sounds from another planet japanese breakfast , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the days we had day wave , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vhs castlebeat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nausea craft spells , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday 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shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more hazel english , listeners related tags 	dream pop 	indie pop 	indie australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was working, the two hit it off and began collaborating. their first three songs were posted on soundcloud and became something of a sensation. english formed a band and played her first show opening for craft spells at the great american music hall in san francisco in late . the band played more shows throughout , opening for acts like ride and field music, along with headlining. toward the end … read more australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was wor… read more australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was working, the two hit it off and began collaborati… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 day wave , listeners 	 fazerdaze , listeners 	 yumi zouma , listeners 	 barrie , listeners 	 alvvays , listeners 	 anna burch , listeners 	 hatchie , listeners 	 tops , listeners 	 geowulf , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday 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december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 hazelenglish.com 	 twitter (@iamhazelenglish) 	 facebook (hazelenglishmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close stats | open library donate ♥ 	log in 	sign up 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support all title author text subject lists advanced 	 browse 	subjects 	lists 	k- student library 	random book 	advanced search 	 my books 	my loans 	my reading log 	my reading stats 	my lists 	 more 	add a book 	sponsor a book 	recent community edits 	developer center 	help & support 	 log in 	sign up stats edits per day edits 		today	yesterday	last days	last days 	human	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , , 	bot	 	 	 , 	 , 	total	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , , new accounts per day members 	today	yesterday	last days	last days	all time 	 	 , 	 , 	 , 	 , , 	items added 	last days	last days	trend	total 	works added	 , 	 , 	 	 , , 	editions added	 , 	 , 	 	 , , 	authors added	 , 	 , 	 	 , , 	covers added	 	 , 	 	 , , 	new members	 , 	 , 	 	 , , 	lists added	 	 	 	 , 	books logged	 , 	 , 		 , , 	users logging	 , 	 , 		 , , unique visitors borrows open library 	vision 	volunteer 	careers 	blog 	terms of service 	donate discover 	home 	books 	authors 	subjects 	advanced search 	return to top develop 	development center 	api documentation 	bulk data dumps 	writing bots 	add a book help 	help center 	report a problem 	suggesting edits twitter github open library is an initiative of the internet archive, a (c)( ) non-profit, building a digital library of internet sites and other cultural artifacts in digital form. other projects include the wayback machine, archive.org and archive-it.org version f d b goldmund music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. goldmund play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release the time it takes october play album 	 popular this week threnody listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be heard in a number of documentaries and films, including harmony korine's film 'mister lonely' and a trailer for the film "revolutionary road". it has also been featured in commercials for clients such as honda, mtv, canon, t mobile, american express, audi, levi's, aeg, doctors without borders, vinamilk, and christie's. discography: * two point discrimination ( … read more goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be heard in a number of documentaries and films, including harmony korine's film 'mister lonely&#… read more goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be heard in a number of documentaries and films, including harmony korine's film 'mister lonely' and a trailer for the film "revolutionary road". it has a… read more related tags 	piano 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	instrumental 	neoclassical add tagsview all tags similar to 	 keith kenniff 	 helios 	 peter broderick view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 threnody 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sometimes 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 finding it there 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 day in day out 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this 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listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 the malady of elegance , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 sometimes , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 corduroy road , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 all will prosper , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 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december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.goldmund.ch don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.goldmund.ch similar artists play all 	 keith kenniff , listeners 	 helios , listeners 	 peter broderick , listeners 	 library tapes , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 brambles , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close david bowie music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. david bowie play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release lady stardust october play album 	 popular this week heroes - remaster , listeners play album skip to youtube video , photos 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 january 	born in 	brixton, lambeth, london, england, united kingdom 	died 	 january (aged ) david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musicians of the th century, acclaimed by critics and musicians, particularly for his innovative work during the s. his career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, with his music and stagecraft having a significant impact on popular music. during his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at million albums worldwide, made him one of th… read more david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musicians of the th century, acclaimed by critics and musician… read more david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musicians of the th century, acclaimed by critics and musicians, particularly for his innovative work during the s. his career was… read more related tags 	rock 	glam rock 	classic rock 	 s 	 s add tagsview all tags similar to 	 tin machine 	 iggy pop 	 lou reed view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 heroes - remaster 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 starman - remaster 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 space oddity - remaster 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 life on mars? - remaster 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 rebel rebel - remaster 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current 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oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 let's dance , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 hunky dory , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the best of david bowie - , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 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	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image , more photos add image , more photos external links 	 www.davidbowie.com 	 twitter (@davidbowiereal) 	 facebook (davidbowie) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image , more photos add image , more photos external links 	 www.davidbowie.com 	 twitter (@davidbowiereal) 	 facebook (davidbowie) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 tin machine , listeners 	 iggy pop , , listeners 	 lou reed , , listeners 	 roxy music , listeners 	 t. rex , , listeners 	 the rolling stones , , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close federico durand music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. federico durand play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release alba april play album 	 popular this week lluvia de estrellas listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surround him. federico durand’s music is a weave of sound searching introspection and delight through small sound melodies. view wiki federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surround him. federico durand’s music is a weave of sound searching introspection and delight through small sound melodies. view wiki federico durand is a sound artist and literature teacher in la cumbre, argentina. his melodies overflow between the autumnal sounds and the poetry interpreted by the landscapes that surround him. federico durand’s music is a weave of sound searching introspection and delight through small sound melodies. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	dreamy 	sleep 	beautiful add tagsview all tags similar to 	 taylor deupree 	 marcus fischer 	 offthesky view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 lluvia de estrellas 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 el jardín encantado (the enchanted garden) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 mirador en la montaña (viewpoint in the mountain) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 el cascabel de plata 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 canción de la vía láctea (milky way song) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 la historia de la niña junco 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 melodía de felpa, continuación 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 mariposas nocturnas 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current 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friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 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november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 taylor deupree , listeners 	 marcus fischer , listeners 	 offthesky , listeners 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners 	 yui onodera , listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close deerhunter music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. deerhunter play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release timebends - ep november play album 	 popular this week agoraphobia , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	atlanta, fulton county, georgia, united states deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, vocals). the group began with the ambition of fusing the lulling hypnotic states induced by ambient and minimalist music with the klang and propulsion of garage rock. the band has weathered chaotic line-up changes and the death of a member. cryptograms was the second full-length offering from deerhunter, and their first for kranky. the album took almost t… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, vocals). the group began with the ambition of fusing the lulli… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, vocals). the group began with the ambition of fusing the lulling hypnotic states induced by ambient and minimalist music with the klan… read more related tags 	shoegaze 	experimental 	indie 	psychedelic 	indie rock add tagsview all tags similar to 	 atlas sound 	 lotus plaza 	 panda bear view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 agoraphobia 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 desire lines 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 he would have laughed 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 revival 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 helicopter 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 earthquake 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 nothing ever happened 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 never stops 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 memory boy 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 don't cry 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 halcyon digest , listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 microcastle , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 cryptograms , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 fading frontier , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 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november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 deerhuntermusic.com 	 facebook (deerhuntermusicgroup) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday 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heritage month pride work in progress impact: this new world highline listen to america podcasts huffpost personal video horoscopes from our partners living well, delivered time to act women's work what's working: d & i in action newsletters international australia brazil canada españa france Ελλάδα (greece) india italia 日本 (japan) 한국 (korea) quebec u.k. u.s. follow us terms | privacy policy part of huffpost impact. © verizon media. all rights reserved. breaking news tap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to you. log in join huffpost plus news coronavirus politics elections entertainment life personal video shopping u.s. canada u.k. australia españa france Ελλάδα (greece) italia 日本 (japan) 한국 (korea) quebec u.s. edition lydia callis, contributor nationally certified sign language interpreter, advocate, and ally to the d/deaf community. proud coda from generations of deaf family. name signs, what's that about? / / : pm et updated dec , 	 	 	 	 	 everyone at the office calls your deaf coworker diane, but she is better known in the deaf community as "bright." bright is a genuine person who is always smiling and positive. her cheerful name sign captures her personality way better than the name "diane" ever could!  many hearing people are surprised to learn that the deaf community has it's own unique naming system. the only true way to get a name sign is to be given one by individuals who are deaf, since asl is their native language. name signs come in all forms. some are based on the person's birth name or initials, for example, someone named amy could be an "a" that moves down the side of the face to signify long hair. some are based on their physical features or personality traits, such as "dimples" or "motivated".  and other name signs might be based on the person's interests, like "dance" or "star". once you have a name sign, good luck changing it on your own! on the other hand, deaf people might change your name sign if they feel a different name suits you better. for example, i was given a name sign by my mother who is deaf. my original name sign is an "l" that is waving, because as a child i was always waving at everyone. once i moved to new york city and became involved in a much larger deaf community, people began referring to me as "lc," which identifies me by my initials so i can not be confused with someone else who has the same name sign. in my intimate circles, i remain true to my birth name sign, but in nyc my name sign has evolved. name signs are personally inspired and usually reflect some aspect of the individual. those in the deaf community know, this can be both a good and a bad thing. when people discuss you in asl using your name sign, your reputation precedes you. before people even meet you, they have an idea of who you are based on your name sign. journalist charlie swinbourne explained how one of his deaf colleagues became known as "murder" in an unfortunate re-naming incident. some deaf friends thought it would be humorous one night to change the individuals last name from "burder" to "murder" and it ended up sticking. although he was formerly known as "smooth", because of his skill with the ladies, he stopped getting dates once his new name got around. as one might expect, being called "murder" can really impact a person's life! an asl name is so much more than a nickname, it becomes a major part of your deaf identity. because an individual can not simply change their own name sign, these names carry a history and personality all their own. each facial expression and classifier, which is a descriptive handshape, gives a little insight into who the individual is and how they are viewed by others. take my deaf niece jaisy, for example, who is known as "same". when jaisy was just a newborn, her big sister took one look at her and signed "same" because the baby had the same hair and eye color as her. her name is jaisy, but people who know her use the sign for "same" to represent her in conversation. when she gets a little older, her mother will give her a new sign name that is more appropriate for her growing personality. while it might seem like a novelty to hearing people, having an asl name is very meaningful for those in the deaf community, and it could even be considered an honor. name signs in the u.s. are not used on documents and they are not spoken out loud. they are created and used exclusively by members of deaf culture. these names aren't just given out to anyone -- they are a right of passage into the deaf community. a name sign means you're an active asl user who is worthy of being more than b-o-b, or l-y-d-i-a (finger spelled). to have a name sign means you are officially part of the deaf world. download 	 	 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 		 	 calling all huffpost superfans! sign up for membership to become a founding member and help shape huffpost's next chapter join huffpost more: impact asl deaf identity sign language today is national voter registration day! we made it easy for you to exercise your right to vote! register now! 	 news 	 politics 	 entertainment 	 life 	 communities 	 huffpost personal 	 video 	 newsletters 	 huffpost 	 about us 	 advertise 	 about our ads 	 contact us 	 rss 	 faq 	 careers 	 archive 	 user agreement 	 comment policy 	 huffpost press room 	 privacy policy part of huffpost impact. © verizon media. all rights reserved. the huffington post code lib photos on flickr | flickr 	 		 	 	 	 		 			 			 				 							 				 			 				 						 							explore 						 							 								recent photos 	 								trending 	 									events 								 	 								the commons 							 	 								flickr galleries 							 	 								world map 							 	 								camera finder 							 	 								flickr blog 							 					 	 						 							prints 						 							 								 									prints & wall art 								 							 	 								 									photo books 								 							 					 	 						get pro 					 				 						 						 	 		 		 	 	 	 						 					 	 						 							upload 						 					 	 						log in 					 	 						sign up 					 			 			 							 								 									log in 								 							 						 							 								explore 							 						 	trending 	events 	the commons 	flickr galleries 	flickr blog 						 							 								prints & wall art 							 						 	 							 								photo books 							 						 						 							 								get pro 							 						 					 			 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 				 						 							explore 							 						 						 					 	 						 							trending 							 						 						 					 	 						 							events 							 						 						 					 	 					more 					 				 			 				more 				 			 		 		 	 		 		tags 				 code lib 	 	 		 		 	 			 			view allall photos tagged code lib 		 		 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				disassembling a quasi-authority database "hankalat musiikkinimet" with #screenscraping, #xquery and #basex. #code lib 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 the database has a human-operateable interface for mapping from discouraged to encouraged (and vice versa) ways to spell musicisian names. i'm made it's data computer readable by screenscraping an some xquery. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				 dollars of thirsty 				 							by kurt nordstrom 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 i saw this bottle of water out of the corner of my eye when we entered our hotel room, and went to get it when i had some thirst...only a big blue tag on the neck of the bottle stopped me dead. four bucks for a crummy bottle of water? get outta here. i filled a glass from the tap, and it was great tasting. i guess you just get used to mediocre water living in texas. oregonians got it good.  the next morning though, two young ladies entered our elevator, drinking out of similar bottles. guess the hotel got bucks richer. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				just received . gb of marc records, now indexing to basex. let the weekend begin! 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				shit, my tool to check quasi-authority control database hankalat musiikkinimet works. #xquery #likeaboss #code lib 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				zomg, nostalgia 				 							by kurt nordstrom 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 continuing our walk around downtown portland, we dropped in on powell's technical books, not realizing that the place was famous. they had a lot of books, but even cooler (to me), was a bunch of old computers that they had set up all over the place. stole this picture, and woulda taken some more, but i'm skittish about photography inside of stores. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				kittens... or beer? 				 							by sylvar 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 the code lib cage match topic.  kittens: www.flickr.com/photos/earthandeden/ /  beer: www.flickr.com/photos/peterkaminski/ / 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				pineapple rice 				 							by kurt nordstrom 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 brandon (who is ending up in a lot of my shots), models his lunch at e-san's, which was pineapple fried rice...served in a pineapple. pretty durn cool. only, he got it with tofu. who eats tofu? seriously. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				the minivan 				 							by gabriel farrell 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				luis salazar 				 							by nicole c. baratta 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				laptop in the minivan 				 							by gabriel farrell 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				brandon, with beers 				 							by kurt nordstrom 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 brandon, my co-worker, graciously models for us at dinnertime. after walking around downtown portland for a while, we succumbed to hunger (and thirst) and stopped into a place called "the life of riley". nice beer selection and excellent food. i had the fish and chips. mark and i (not pictured), were drinking ipas, and brandon (pictured) had a porter. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				 -feb- 				 							by paul joseph 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 everyone's got a laptop at the code lib conference in asheville, north carolina 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				the great wall of "standards" 				 							by casey bisson 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 (image from my code lib presentation)  though programmers in libraries face many of the same challenges as those outside libraries, we use unique "standards" that are unsupported outside our small community and limit cross-polination with the outside world. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				p 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				and some tshirts from apress 				 							by ed summers 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				coverage of authority control in our subject headings. #xquery #code lib #datamining 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				counting subject heading distribution per thesaurus. #xquery #basex #code lib #sundayeveningwellspent 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				chocolate milk 				 							by casey bisson 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 sweet nectar, provided for one of the conference breaks. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				#brainmelt with xml namespaces on #marc records >_<' #basex 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				jaaaaaaahas... 				 							by mace ojala 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				classy, yet clever? 				 							by kurt nordstrom 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 yeah, so, somebody got funny with the baby changing station in the bathroom of the powell's technical bookstore. i don't know whether to snicker, or roll my eyes. guess i'll do both. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				voodoo doughnuts! 				 							by bess sadler 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 david moody got a voodoo doll doughnut (filled with raspberry jelly) and i got a "dirty old bastard" doughnut. 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				_mg_ 				 							by declan fleming 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				visualizing library data 				 							by uldis bojārs 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 the more info slide from #code lib talk "visualizing library data" by @librarywebchic 	 		 	 	 		 		 	 		 				dsc_ 				 							by ray schwartz 				 		 		 			 				 						 						 				 				 					 				 			 			 				 					 				 				 					 				 			 		 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 			 			 			 			••• 			 			 		 	 		 				about 	jobs 	blog 	developers 	guidelines 	privacy 	terms 	help 	report abuse 	help forum 	 					english 					 				 	 						 							 								smugmug+flickr. 							 						 					 	 					 							 								 							 							 	 								 							 	 								 								 							 					 				 		 		 			 					privacy 	terms 			 				 					 						smugmug+flickr. 					 					 						connecting people through photography. 					 				 			 					 						 					 	 						 					 	 						 					 			 		 	 	 		 				about 	jobs 	blog 	developers 	guidelines 	report abuse 	privacy 	terms 	help forum 	 					english 					 				 		 		 			 					privacy 	terms 	help 			 				 					 						smugmug+flickr. 					 					 						connecting people through photography. 					 				 			 					 						 					 	 						 					 	 						 					 			 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 virginia tech principles of community | inclusivevt | virginia tech 	skip to main content 	skip to search virginia tech™home universal access toggle universal access close universal access dialog universal access options 	report a barrier 	accessibility portal 	 pause all background videos 	 underline all links 	apply 	visit 	give 	 shop 	hokie gear apparel, clothing, gear and merchandise 	hokie shop university bookstore, merchandise and gifts 	hokie license plates part of every virginia tech plate purchase funds scholarships resources for 	future students 	current students 	parents and families 	faculty and staff 	alumni 	industry and partners 	 inclusivevt menu 	 inclusivevt 	 home home submenu toggle 	inclusivevt structure 	 about about submenu toggle 	dr. menah pratt-clarke 	our team 	advancement: scholarships & funds 	news 	the inclusivevt difference 	 initiatives 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of every virginia tech plate purchase funds scholarships resources for 	future students 	current students 	parents and families 	faculty and staff 	alumni 	industry and partners search search submit 	 	 	inclusivevt / 	programs / 	principles of community / explore 	 annual diversity summit 	 advancing diversity gathering 	 black college institute 	 faculty women of color in the academy conference 	 future faculty diversity program 	 soar 	 inclusivevt week 	 current page: principles of community 	 transgender letter of support 	 principles of community award virginia tech principles of community virginia tech is a public land-grant university, committed to teaching and learning, research, and outreach to the commonwealth of virginia, the nation, and the world community. learning from the experiences that shape virginia tech as an institution, we acknowledge those aspects of our legacy that reflected bias and exclusion. therefore, we adopt and practice the following principles as 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increasing our own understanding of these issues through education, training, and interaction with others. 	we pledge our collective commitment to these principles in the spirit of the virginia tech motto of ut prosim (that i may serve).   september ,   the "virginia tech principles of community" were reaffirmed on september ,  by the following eight individuals/organizations:  	deborah petrine, rector, board of visitors 	timothy sands, president, virginia tech 	bernice hausman, president, faculty senate 	dan cook, president, staff senate 	elizabeth lazor, president, student government association 	greg purdy, presidents, graduate student assembly 	matt winston jr., president, virginia tech alumni association 	aaron bond, chair, commission on equal opportunity and diversity march , the "virginia tech principles of community" were first endorsed by the virginia tech board of visitors on march , , by the following eight individuals/organizations: 	ben j. davenport jr., rector, board of visitors 	charles w. steger, president, virginia tech 	w. samuel easterling, president, faculty senate 	sue ellen crocker, president, staff senate, 	sumeet bagai, president, student government association, 	myrna c. callison and yvette quintela, co-presidents, graduate student assembly 	raymond v. plaza, chair, commission on equal opportunity and diversity 	kimble reynolds, virginia tech alumni association follow us principles of community week principles of community document principles of community awards cultural connection directory contact us office for inclusion and diversity ( ) burruss hall, virginia tech drillfield drive blacksburg, va phone  - - email: inclusivevt@vt.edu give to inclusivevt 	 			 		 			 				 			 			 				get directions   				see all locations   contact virginia tech   			 	university status 	principles of community 	privacy statement 	acceptable use 	we remember 	university libraries 	accessibility 	consumer information 	stop abuse 	policies 	equal opportunity 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play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	modern classical 	neo classical 	neo-classical add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 as old roads 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sometimes 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play 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tomorrow hammock , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the prepared piano hauschka , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pine olan mill , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 gravity (special edition) ben lukas boysen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 artifacts - ryan teague , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 when the detail lost its freedom brian mcbride , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 docile peter broderick , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 palemote slow meadow , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 views from sixteen stories alaskan tapes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 copia eluvium , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 years (a look back) keith kenniff , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 feelings for something lost library tapes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 maybe they will sing for us tomorrow hammock , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the prepared piano hauschka , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pine olan mill , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 gravity (special edition) ben lukas boysen , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 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images more goldmund , listeners related tags 	piano 	ambient 	contemporary classical goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be heard in a number of documentaries and films, including harmony korine's film 'mister lonely' and a trailer for the film "revolutionary road". it has also been featured in commercials for clients such as honda, mtv, canon, t mobile, american express, audi, levi's, aeg, doctors without borders, vinamilk, and christie's. discography: * two point discrimination ( … read more goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be … read more goldmund is an alias of keith kenniff aka helios and mint julep. in he began the record label unseen. goldmund's music has been featured on programs for npr, the bbc, and can be heard in a number of documentaries and films, … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 keith kenniff , listeners 	 helios , listeners 	 peter broderick , listeners 	 library tapes , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 brambles , listeners 	 brian mcbride , listeners 	 ryan teague , listeners 	 a winged victory for the sullen , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 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additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close idra music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. idra play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release in your wake august 	 popular this week explorare listeners photos 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut album 'the invisible tide' available now. view wiki idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut album 'the invisible tide' available now. view wiki idra is a -piece progressive metalcore band from trier, rhineland-palatinate - germany. members: johnny - vocals, andre - guitars, mirko - guitars, eric - bass, carsten - drums. debut album 'the invisible tide' available now. view wiki related tags 	rap 	italian 	progressive metalcore add tagsview all tags similar to 	 blueshift 	 currents 	 never knew view all artists 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is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 blueshift , listeners 	 currents , listeners 	 never knew listeners 	 the antarctica project listeners 	 artificial sky , listeners 	 sentinels , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close api docs | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. 	last.fm api	getting started 	api guides 	introduction 	authentication 	web how-to 	mobile how-to 	desktop how-to 	auth spec 	scrobbling . documentation 	radio api 	playlists api 	api tools 	rest requests 	xml-rpc 	terms of service 	api methods 	album 	album.addtags 	album.getinfo 	album.gettags 	album.gettoptags 	album.removetag 	album.search 	artist 	artist.addtags 	artist.getcorrection 	artist.getinfo 	artist.getsimilar 	artist.gettags 	artist.gettopalbums 	artist.gettoptags 	artist.gettoptracks 	artist.removetag 	artist.search 	auth 	auth.getmobilesession 	auth.getsession 	auth.gettoken 	chart 	chart.gettopartists 	chart.gettoptags 	chart.gettoptracks 	geo 	geo.gettopartists 	geo.gettoptracks 	library 	library.getartists 	tag 	tag.getinfo 	tag.getsimilar 	tag.gettopalbums 	tag.gettopartists 	tag.gettoptags 	tag.gettoptracks 	tag.getweeklychartlist 	track 	track.addtags 	track.getcorrection 	track.getinfo 	track.getsimilar 	track.gettags 	track.gettoptags 	track.love 	track.removetag 	track.scrobble 	track.search 	track.unlove 	track.updatenowplaying 	user 	user.getfriends 	user.getinfo 	user.getlovedtracks 	user.getpersonaltags 	user.getrecenttracks 	user.gettopalbums 	user.gettopartists 	user.gettoptags 	user.gettoptracks 	user.getweeklyalbumchart 	user.getweeklyartistchart 	user.getweeklychartlist 	user.getweeklytrackchart # last.fm music discovery api the last.fm api allows anyone to build their own programs using last.fm data. find out more about how you can plug directly into our vast database or browse the list of methods on the left. # getting started our api is available to anyone. here's what you need to get going: 	get an api account 	read the documentation 	join the support forums commercial usage if you are planning to use our api for commercial purposes, please contact us via email at partners@last.fm. introduction → company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close go fair initiative: make your data & services fair 		 		 			× 			 		 		 			× 			 				 	 		search	 	 		 		 			 		 	 			 		 		 			 				 					 						 	 		 	 						 							 						 						 							 							 									fair principles 	fair principles 	how to go fair 	fairification process 	implementation networks 	what is an implementation network? 	current implementation networks 	go fair today 	how to join 	news 	events 	resources 	go fair materials 	go fair workshop series 	faq 	rdm starter kit 	more on fair 	glossary 	about go fair 	go fair initiative 	go change 	go train 	go build 	governance 	go fair offices 	contact 							 						 					 				 				 	 		 							 					 						 							 								 									 										the th go fair newsletter is out									 								 								 									 											our th go fair newsletter is out: november-december edition 	check out the programme of our international fair convergence symposium 	discover what our ins have been up to 	meet more members of our go fair family happy reading! 	 									 															 													 					 				 							 					 						 							 								 									 										go fair community joins forces									 								 								 									 										 									 															 													 					 				 							 					 						 							 								 									 										data together: joint commitment by go fair, codata, rda & wds									 								 								 									 											the four major international data organisations – go fair, codata, rda & wds – commit to working together to optimise the global research data ecosystem and to identify the opportunities and needs that will trigger federated infrastructures to service the new reality of data-driven science. [more]	 									 															 													 					 				 					 	 	 	 		 			 		 		 			 				 					 						what is in it for you?					 				 			 			 									 						 							 							 								 									go fair today								 							 													 					 									 						 							 							 								 									implementation networks								 							 													 					 									 						 							 							 								 									 								 							 													 					 									 						 							 							 								 									 								 							 													 					 									 						 							 							 								 									 								 							 													 					 									 						 							 							 								 									fair principles								 							 													 					 							 		 	 	 		 			 				 	 		 			 news		 		 				 						 							 november 						 						 							 								promoting the reuse of research data 							 							 								more than international experts from all over the world…							 						 					 	 						 							 october 						 						 							 								new eu publication: six recommendations for implementation of fair practice 							 							 								on october the european commission and eosc executive…							 						 					 	 						 							 october 						 						 							 								advancednano in driving forward a fair-compliant repository for data & tools for nano & advanced material safety 							 							 								blair johnston, co-coordinator of the advancednano in reports: the advancednano…							 						 					 	 						 							 october 						 						 							 								early-mover fair communities produce first fair implementation profiles 							 							 								in preparation for the international fair convergence symposium, a set…							 						 					 	 						 							 october 						 						 							 								proof of concept developed by vodan africa and asia 							 							 								this short report was written by mirjam van reisen (in…							 						 					 			 				 					all news				 			 		 	 				 			 				 	 		 events	 	 		 			there are no upcoming events.		 		 			 				view archive			 		 	 	 				 	 		 tweets	 	 			 		 	 				 					 					 						 							 								 									 								 							 							 										 except where otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a creative commons attribution . license by go fair 							 							 									contact 	imprint 	legal notice 	twitter 							 						 											 				 			 		 		 	 vihne — jens pauly | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. jens pauly vihne more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	german 	electronic 	experimental 	electronica add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 nacht 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 form 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 licht 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 staub 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 naab 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 vihne 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 elde 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 trost 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 black heart music ben rath listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the elia passages marty hicks listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vowels dag rosenqvist listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beautiful nowhere offthesky , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nesteda alex bober listeners play album buy 	loading 	 here now samsuo listeners play album buy 	loading 	 suspended in silence hipnotic earth listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parenthetical innesti listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tall trees black brunswicker listeners play album buy 	loading 	 leaving shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pie are squared ep pie are squared listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vanishing forms hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 black heart music ben rath listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the elia passages marty hicks listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vowels dag rosenqvist listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the beautiful nowhere offthesky , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 nesteda alex bober listeners play album buy 	loading 	 here now samsuo listeners play album buy 	loading 	 suspended in silence hipnotic earth listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parenthetical innesti listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tall trees black brunswicker listeners play album buy 	loading 	 leaving shuta yasukochi listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pie are squared ep pie are squared listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vanishing forms hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images jens pauly listeners related tags 	ambient 	german 	electronic do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 moss covered technology listeners 	 hipnotic earth listeners 	 samsuo listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 ben rath listeners 	 stijn hüwels listeners 	 alex bober listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners 	 spheruleus , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close halcyon digest — deerhunter | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. deerhunter halcyon digest play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september halcyon digest is the fourth studio album by american indie rock band deerhunter. it was released september , to very enthusiastic reviews. it was the band's first album distributed exclusively by ad worldwide (previously ad only handled overseas distribution while kranky records handled it within the u.s) the album was self-produced with assistance from ben allen and was recorded at chase park transduction studios in athens, georgia. the final track, "he would have laughed" was recorded separately by bradford cox at notown sound in marietta, ga and is a trib… read more halcyon digest is the fourth studio album by american indie rock band deerhunter. it was released september , to very enthusiastic reviews. it… read more halcyon digest is the fourth studio album by american indie rock band deerhunter. it was released september , to very enthusiastic reviews. it was the band's first album dist… read more related tags 	 	indie rock 	dream pop 	best of 	poptron add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more deerhunter , listeners related tags 	shoegaze 	experimental 	indie deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, vocals). the group began with the ambition of fusing the lulling hypnotic states induced by ambient and minimalist music with the klang and propulsion of garage rock. the band has weathered chaotic line-up changes and the death of a member. cryptograms was the second full-length offering from deerhunter, and their first for kranky. the album took almost t… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guit… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, voca… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 atlas sound , listeners 	 lotus plaza , listeners 	 panda bear , listeners 	 animal collective , , listeners 	 grizzly bear , , listeners 	 diiv , listeners 	 women , listeners 	 no age , listeners 	 real estate , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 deerhuntermusic.com 	 facebook (deerhuntermusicgroup) trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close fair principles - go fair 		 		 			× 			 		 		 			× 			 				 	 		search	 	 		 		 			 		 	 			 		 		 			 				 					 						 	 		 	 						 							 						 						 							 							 									fair principles 	fair principles 	how to go fair 	fairification process 	implementation networks 	what is an implementation network? 	current implementation networks 	go fair today 	how to join 	news 	events 	resources 	go fair materials 	go fair workshop series 	faq 	rdm starter kit 	more on fair 	glossary 	about go fair 	go fair initiative 	go change 	go train 	go build 	governance 	go fair offices 	contact 							 						 					 				 				 	 		 			 				 					 						fair principles					 					 											 							 		 	 	 		 			home › fair principles 			 				 					 	 			 			 				toggle menu			 			 					fair principles 		f : (meta) data are assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers 	f : data are described with rich metadata 	f : metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe 	f : (meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource 	a : (meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communication protocol 	a . : the protocol is open, free and universally implementable 	a . : the protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation where necessary 	a : metadata should be accessible even when the data is no longer available 	i : (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation 	i : (meta)data use vocabularies that follow the fair principles 	i : (meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data 	r : (meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes 	r . : (meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license 	r . : (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance 	r . : (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards 	how to go fair 	fairification process 			 			 		 				 				 					 						 	 		in , the ‘fair guiding principles for scientific data management and stewardship’ were published in scientific data. the authors intended to provide guidelines to improve the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reuse of digital assets. the principles emphasise machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in volume, complexity, and creation speed of data. a practical “how to” guidance to go fair can be found in the three-point fairification framework. findable the first step in (re)using data is to find them. metadata and data should be easy to find for both humans and computers. machine-readable metadata are essential for automatic discovery of datasets and services, so this is an essential component of the fairification process. f . (meta)data are assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier f . data are described with rich metadata (defined by r below) f . metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe f . (meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource accessible once the user finds the required data, she/he needs to know how can they be accessed, possibly including authentication and authorisation. a . (meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardised communications protocol a .  the protocol is open, free, and universally implementable a .  the protocol allows for an authentication and authorisation procedure, where necessary a . metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available interoperable the data usually need to be integrated with other data. in addition, the data need to interoperate with applications or workflows for analysis, storage, and processing. i . (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation. i . (meta)data use vocabularies that follow fair principles i . (meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data reusable the ultimate goal of fair is to optimise the reuse of data. to achieve this, metadata and data should be well-described so that they can be replicated and/or combined in different settings. r . (meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes r . . (meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license r . . (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance r . . (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards the principles refer to three types of entities: data (or any digital object), metadata (information about that digital object), and infrastructure. for instance, principle f defines that both metadata and data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource (the infrastructure component). 	 					 									 			 		 	 				 					 					 						 							 								 									 								 							 							 										 except where otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a creative commons attribution . license by go fair 							 							 									contact 	imprint 	legal notice 	twitter 							 						 											 				 			 		 		 	 falsehoods programmers believe about names | kalzumeus software kalzumeus 	archive 	greatest hits 	standing invitation 	start here 	about me falsehoods programmers believe about names [readers have translated this essay. you’re welcome to translate it into any language; i’d appreciate you sending me an email so i can link to it. 	プログラマの抱いている名前についての誤謬 	戳这里看中文翻译 ] john graham-cumming wrote an article today complaining about how a computer system he was working with described his last name as having invalid characters.  it of course does not, because anything someone tells you is their name is — by definition — an appropriate identifier for them.  john was understandably vexed about this situation, and he has every right to be, because names are central to our identities, virtually by definition. i have lived in japan for several years, programming in a professional capacity, and i have broken many systems by the simple expedient of being introduced into them.  (most people call me patrick mckenzie, but i’ll acknowledge as correct any of six different “full” names, any many systems i deal with will accept precisely none of them.) similarly, i’ve worked with big freaking enterprises which, by dint of doing business globally, have theoretically designed their systems to allow all names to work in them.  i have never seen a computer system which handles names properly and doubt one exists, anywhere. so, as a public service, i’m going to list assumptions your systems probably make about names.  all of these assumptions are wrong.  try to make less of them next time you write a system which touches names. 	people have exactly one canonical full name. 	people have exactly one full name which they go by. 	people have, at this point in time, exactly one canonical full name. 	people have, at this point in time, one full name which they go by. 	people have exactly n names, for any value of n. 	people’s names fit within a certain defined amount of space. 	people’s names do not change. 	people’s names change, but only at a certain enumerated set of events. 	people’s names are written in ascii. 	people’s names are written in any single character set. 	people’s names are all mapped in unicode code points. 	people’s names are case sensitive. 	people’s names are case insensitive. 	people’s names sometimes have prefixes or suffixes, but you can safely ignore those. 	people’s names do not contain numbers. 	people’s names are not written in all caps. 	people’s names are not written in all lower case letters. 	people’s names have an order to them.  picking any ordering scheme will automatically result in consistent ordering among all systems, as long as both use the same ordering scheme for the same name. 	people’s first names and last names are, by necessity, different. 	people have last names, family names, or anything else which is shared by folks recognized as their relatives. 	people’s names are globally unique. 	people’s names are almost globally unique. 	alright alright but surely people’s names are diverse enough such that no million people share the same name. 	my system will never have to deal with names from china. 	or japan. 	or korea. 	or ireland, the united kingdom, the united states, spain, mexico, brazil, peru, russia, sweden, botswana, south africa, trinidad, haiti, france, or the klingon empire, all of which have “weird” naming schemes in common use. 	that klingon empire thing was a joke, right? 	confound your cultural relativism!  people in my society, at least, agree on one commonly accepted standard for names. 	there exists an algorithm which transforms names and can be reversed losslessly.  (yes, yes, you can do it if your algorithm returns the input.  you get a gold star.) 	i can safely assume that this dictionary of bad words contains no people’s names in it. 	people’s names are assigned at birth. 	ok, maybe not at birth, but at least pretty close to birth. 	alright, alright, within a year or so of birth. 	five years? 	you’re kidding me, right? 	two different systems containing data about the same person will use the same name for that person. 	two different data entry operators, given a person’s name, will by necessity enter bitwise equivalent strings on any single system, if the system is well-designed. 	people whose names break my system are weird outliers.  they should have had solid, acceptable names, like 田中太郎. 	people have names. this list is by no means exhaustive.  if you need examples of real names which disprove any of the above commonly held misconceptions, i will happily introduce you to several.  feel free to add other misconceptions in the comments, and refer people to this post the next time they suggest a genius idea like a database table with a first_name and last_name column. originally written: june , about the author patrick mckenzie (patio ) ran four small software businesses. he writes about software, marketing, sales, and general business topics. opinions here are his own. older · view archive ( ) detecting bots with javascript for better a/b test results i am a big believer in not spending time creating features until you know customers actually need them.  this goes the same for oss projects: there is no point in overly complicating things until “customers” tell you they need to be a little more complicated.  (helpfully, here some customers are actually capable of helping themselves… well, ok, it is theoretically possible at any rate.) newer running apache on a memory-constrained vps yesterday about a hundred thousand people visited this blog due to my post on names, and the server it was on died several fiery deaths. this has been a persistent issue for me in dealing with apache (the site dies nearly every time i get reddited — with only about , visitors each time, which shouldn’t be a big number on the internet), but no amount of enabling wordpress cache plugins, tweaking my apache settings, upgrading the vps’ ram, or googling lead me to a solution. who am i? my name is patrick mckenzie (better known as patio on the internets.) twitter: @patio hn: patio © patrick mckenzie (kalzumeus software, llc) - . shoutout to elle kasai for the shiori theme. escapism — library tapes | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 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the trees” and on the ”fragment” ep that was released in by kning disk. in david relea… read more library tapes was formed in by david wenngren and per jardsell. they did two albums together for the resonant label before per quit the band in . in david released ”höstluft”,… read more library tapes was formed in by david wenngren and per jardsell. they did two albums together for the resonant label before per quit the band in . in david released ”höstluft”, an album consisting of solo piano and field r… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 greg haines , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 keith kenniff , listeners 	 ryan teague , listeners 	 brambles , listeners 	 peter broderick , listeners 	 last days , listeners 	 otto a totland , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening 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by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band fridge. hebden's solo work typically utilises samples lifted from various sources including hip-hop, electronica, techno, jazz, and folk mixed with his own guitar playing. four tet shares some stylistic similarities with other musicians, such as prefuse , who use computer editing techniques that give the music a staccato, cut-up feel. hebden's music is notable for its rich, organic sou… read more four tet is the name used by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band … read more four tet is the name used by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band fridge. hebden's solo work typically util… read more view full 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	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close high stakes for hip-hop studies | huffpost us edition u.s. canada u.k. australia españa france Ελλάδα (greece) italia 日本 (japan) 한국 (korea) quebec close coronavirus news u.s. news world news business environment health social justice politics congress donald trump election tracker extremism entertainment culture & arts media celebrity tv & film life style & beauty food & drink parenting travel finds wellness relationships money home & living work/life communities queer voices women black voices latino voices asian voices special projects in this together latinx heritage month pride work in progress impact: this new world highline listen to america podcasts huffpost personal video horoscopes from our partners living well, delivered time to act women's work what's working: d & i in action newsletters international australia brazil canada españa france Ελλάδα (greece) india italia 日本 (japan) 한국 (korea) quebec u.k. u.s. follow us terms | privacy policy part of multicultural/hpmg news. © verizon media. all rights reserved. breaking news tap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to you. log in join huffpost plus news coronavirus politics elections entertainment life personal video shopping u.s. canada u.k. australia españa france Ελλάδα (greece) italia 日本 (japan) 한국 (korea) quebec u.s. edition erik nielson, contributor associate professor, university of richmond high stakes for hip-hop studies / / : pm et updated jun , 	 	 	 	 	 in my last piece, i considered the significant role of the academy in the formation and evolution of hip-hop, arguing that historical narratives of hip-hop often neglect the importance of the ivory tower and in doing so present an incomplete picture of a complex cultural movement. here, i'd like to turn my attention to a related (and for some, controversial) phenomenon: the proliferation of hip-hop-themed courses at academic institutions. since the early s, colleges have offered hundreds of classes on hip-hop, and at last count, hip-hop-related books have appeared on more than college syllabi. today, it seems that institutions are lining up to offer more still, with a few, such as the university of arizona, even beginning to offer formal credentials in hip-hop studies. as someone who earned a ph.d. studying african american literary and musical traditions, who has written extensively about hip-hop culture, and who regularly teaches seminars on rap music, i see these additions to college curricula as a matter of basic common sense and something to celebrate. after all, with a rich and complex history spanning nearly four decades, hip-hop has arguably become the single most influential cultural movement of its time, spreading its reach beyond the borders of the u.s. to all corners of the globe on a scale few who saw its beginnings in the s bronx could've possibly imagined. today, its constituent elements have become a veritable lingua franca of the world's youth. the new york graffiti scene, once localized and insular, has given birth to vibrant graffiti movements everywhere, from latin america and europe to africa and asia. breakdancing, or b-boying, has gone global as well, complete with international competitions featuring performers from a wide range countries. and then, of course, there's rap, the music first performed in sweaty clubs and crowded block parties that now fills the airwaves from new york to new delhi, from south korea to south africa. with audiences that dwarf their traditional literary counterparts, rappers have introduced the world to a powerful new poetry, memorized and recited by millions of people, that has given voice to entire communities of marginalized people, and at its best, serves as an anthem of resistance in the face of global injustice. surely such a vast, sophisticated, and undeniably potent movement merits a place in college curricula. and yet teaching it remains controversial. for some, it is simply not worthy of higher education, a perspective that invariably surfaces every time there is a public discussion about the educational value of hip-hop. alex beam, for example, a columnist at the boston globe, has on more than one occasion derided the study of rap music and by extension the "rap-ademics" who teach it. while viewpoints such as beam's often originate outside the academy from people who lack the literary and historical training to properly evaluate rap music, there has been plenty of criticism from university faculty as well, some of whom view mainstream hip-hop's perpetuation of harmful stereotypes about people of color as reason enough to keep it out of the classroom. others make the less critical argument that the study of hip-hop cheapens the otherwise noble pursuit of a college degree. for others still, the question is less about hip-hop's themes or intrinsic value, and more about whether university classrooms are the appropriate places to study it in the first place. at a conference hosted by stanford university, legendary artist krs one expressed clear frustration with the notion that academics, journalists, and other social critics with no direct connection to hip-hop production were nevertheless presenting themselves as authorities on it. at one point, clearly getting angry, he homed in on the incompatibility of higher education and hip-hop. "you can't go to college then say you hip-hop," he argued, provocatively undermining the authority of many people in the room to identify with hip-hop culture. "you better be a b-boy, mc, graffiti writer, dj, or beat boxer and you can call yourself hip-hop... how you gonna critique somethin' you ain't even doin'?" perhaps predictably, the panel discussion rapidly degenerated into a heated disagreement over who can claim hip-hop authenticity. these kinds of arguments, which are as old as hip-hop itself, have become increasingly high stakes in the academy as schools devote more resources to the study of it. what's more, they raise important questions about the compatibility of this once-subcultural form with traditional modes of academic inquiry. for example, the argument that to teach hip-hop you must be hip-hop rests on an assumption that is largely at odds with the kind of theorizing that takes place at universities. how many literature professors publish the kinds of works they critique? how many sociologists or anthropologists claim to be members of the groups they study? not many. indeed, intimate involvement with the subject is not a requisite for (and can actually complicate) academic investigation. krs one's claim, echoed by many, seems to assume that the people who produce hip-hop are, or should be, the sole arbiters of its meaning. the moment a work of art is reproduced and mass distributed, though, that becomes impossible: its meaning and impact largely rest with people who consume it, including the people farthest removed from its site of production. this is something i constantly remind students -- that their experiences, memories, and knowledge play an important role in defining hip-hop and that they have the authority, and perhaps even a responsibility, to critique it. i have found some of their insights -- on the rampant misogyny in mainstream rap, for instance -- to be far more nuanced and compelling than what many rappers themselves have said about it. nevertheless, given the real-life hardships that gave rise to hip-hop -- poverty, abusive policing, and institutional neglect among them -- it's understandable that people might chafe against any kind of abstract theorizing, especially at predominantly white universities that have finely manicured campuses, private police forces, and nauseatingly posh amenities. in these settings, sometimes next door to communities where poverty and violence remain a reality, the elevation of hip-hop can begin to look like the appropriation of it, following the long tradition in which white america has ensured for itself the spoils of black artistic labor. candidly acknowledging his own role in this tradition, on the track "without me," eminem raps, "i am the worst thing since elvis presley / to do black music so selfishly /and use it to get myself wealthy." hence, debates about who is hip-hop sometimes become racially encoded attempts to delineate cultural ownership. travis gosa, an assistant professor of social science at cornell university who regularly teaches courses on hip-hop culture, notes that there is anxiety over the way white professors in particular might try to use hip-hop. "some of it is a fear about how hip-hop is going to be dealt with or approached by white scholars," he told me. "they might take a deficit approach, using hip-hop as a way to justify criticism of black people or black culture. there may also be a concern that white academics are cut from the same cloth as white executives in the hip-hop music industry, who have the power to filter out certain aspects of the culture or music for their own agenda." these are legitimate concerns, and as a white person teaching a predominantly black music, i am always aware of my race. i know students are, too -- i've had plenty of end-of-semester student evaluations that include some permutation of "at first i was skeptical of this white guy teaching hip-hop..." so when class starts, i spend time talking about the ways my own race informs, and complicates, my teaching. (this is pretty much a must for white guy who plans to quote racially charged rap lyrics in all their splendor.) what i find is that students -- regardless of race, ethnicity, age, or gender -- are willing to give me the benefit of the doubt. they size up my credibility based upon my knowledge of the subject and my ability to teach it rather than my race, ethnicity, or ability to freestyle. they also want what they came for: a better understanding of the genre through sustained engagement with it. unfortunately, this is not always what college students get when they sign up for hip-hop-themed classes. instead, some faculty who know little about hip-hop use its allure to boost enrollments (or their own pop culture currency among students), then use it as an entry point to explore something different. by the time students realize that they actually registered for a tired sociology or english class with a few tupac lyrics interspersed throughout to spice it up, it's probably too late to drop. mission accomplished, for the faculty anyway. along similar lines, sometimes departments will offer a single hip-hop course, less out of interest in the culture, but more to entice students to study more "serious" material in the discipline. as gosa puts it, these classes become "loss leaders," ways to get students to consider a certain field but that are not seen as rich or significant enough to justify extensive study on their own. "instead of making real investments in hip-hop," he says, "they create these sexy classes in the hopes students will say 'hey, why don't i become a sociology student? why don't i become an african american studies major?' it's a marketing strategy." sadly, when hip-hop culture is used in this way, what initially seems to be academic recognition begins to look more like opportunism and exploitation. in her poem "how long has trane been gone," poet and performance artist jayne cortez indicts corporate interests for their selfish appropriation of black music, at one point writing, "& you really don't give / a shit as long as you take." as colleges and universities continue to expand their offerings in hip-hop, cortez's words should serve as warning. with a genuine interest in exploring the culture and helping it grow in new ways, institutions of higher education can be vital partners, just as they have been throughout much of hip-hop's history. but if they merely view it as an untapped market, they may end up as unwitting accomplices in the degradation of a culture that they are ostensibly paying tribute to. let's hope they get it right because, in the words of de la soul, "stakes is high." download 	 	 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 		 			 		 		 			 		 		 		 	 calling all huffpost superfans! sign up for membership to become a founding member and help shape huffpost's next chapter join huffpost more: college education news hip hop music academia race today is national voter registration day! we made it easy for you to exercise your right to vote! register now! 	 news 	 politics 	 entertainment 	 life 	 communities 	 huffpost personal 	 video 	 newsletters 	 huffpost 	 about us 	 advertise 	 about our ads 	 contact us 	 rss 	 faq 	 careers 	 archive 	 user agreement 	 comment policy 	 huffpost press room 	 privacy policy part of multicultural/hpmg news. © verizon media. all rights reserved. the huffington post hotel neon music, videos, stats, and 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	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 hotelneonmusic.com 	 twitter (@hotelneonmusic) 	 facebook (hotelneonmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 warmth , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 gray acres listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close api docs | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. 	last.fm api	getting started 	api guides 	introduction 	authentication 	web how-to 	mobile how-to 	desktop how-to 	auth spec 	scrobbling . documentation 	radio api 	playlists api 	api tools 	rest requests 	xml-rpc 	terms of service 	api methods 	album 	album.addtags 	album.getinfo 	album.gettags 	album.gettoptags 	album.removetag 	album.search 	artist 	artist.addtags 	artist.getcorrection 	artist.getinfo 	artist.getsimilar 	artist.gettags 	artist.gettopalbums 	artist.gettoptags 	artist.gettoptracks 	artist.removetag 	artist.search 	auth 	auth.getmobilesession 	auth.getsession 	auth.gettoken 	chart 	chart.gettopartists 	chart.gettoptags 	chart.gettoptracks 	geo 	geo.gettopartists 	geo.gettoptracks 	library 	library.getartists 	tag 	tag.getinfo 	tag.getsimilar 	tag.gettopalbums 	tag.gettopartists 	tag.gettoptags 	tag.gettoptracks 	tag.getweeklychartlist 	track 	track.addtags 	track.getcorrection 	track.getinfo 	track.getsimilar 	track.gettags 	track.gettoptags 	track.love 	track.removetag 	track.scrobble 	track.search 	track.unlove 	track.updatenowplaying 	user 	user.getfriends 	user.getinfo 	user.getlovedtracks 	user.getpersonaltags 	user.getrecenttracks 	user.gettopalbums 	user.gettopartists 	user.gettoptags 	user.gettoptracks 	user.getweeklyalbumchart 	user.getweeklyartistchart 	user.getweeklychartlist 	user.getweeklytrackchart # album.getinfo get the metadata and tracklist for an album on last.fm using the album name or a musicbrainz id. # example urls json: / . /?method=album.getinfo&api_key=your_api_key&artist=cher&album=believe&format=json xml: / . /?method=album.getinfo&api_key=your_api_key&artist=cher&album=believe # params artist (required (unless mbid)] : the artist name album (required (unless mbid)] : the album name mbid (optional) : the musicbrainz id for the album autocorrect[ | ] (optional) : transform misspelled artist names into correct artist names, returning the correct version instead. the corrected artist name will be returned in the response. username (optional) : the username for the context of the request. if supplied, the user's playcount for this album is included in the response. lang (optional) : the language to return the biography in, expressed as an iso alpha- code. api_key (required) : a last.fm api key. # auth this service does not require authentication. # sample response <album> <name>believe</name> <artist>cher</artist> <id> </id> <mbid> bf -b a - f - d - eb dfb </mbid> <url>http://www.last.fm/music/cher/believe</url> <releasedate> apr , : </releasedate> <image size="small">...</image> <image size="medium">...</image> <image size="large">...</image> <listeners> </listeners> <playcount> </playcount> <toptags> <tag> <name>pop</name> <url>http://www.last.fm/tag/pop</url> </tag> ... </toptags> <tracks> <track rank=" "> <name>believe</name> <duration> </duration> <mbid/> <url>http://www.last.fm/music/cher/_/believe</url> <streamable fulltrack=" "> </streamable> <artist> <name>cher</name> <mbid>bfcc d -a a - bc - - aec </mbid> <url>http://www.last.fm/music/cher</url> </artist> </track> ... </tracks> </album> # attributes 	duration : in seconds # errors 	 : invalid service - this service does not exist 	 : invalid method - no method with that name in this package 	 : authentication failed - you do not have permissions to access the service 	 : invalid format - this service doesn't exist in that format 	 : invalid parameters - your request is missing a required parameter 	 : invalid resource specified 	 : operation failed - something else went wrong 	 : invalid session key - please re-authenticate 	 : invalid api key - you must be granted a valid key by last.fm 	 : service offline - this service is temporarily offline. try again later. 	 : invalid method signature supplied 	 : there was a temporary error processing your request. please try again 	 : suspended api key - access for your account has been suspended, please contact last.fm 	 : rate limit exceeded - your ip has made too many requests in a short period ← album.addtags album.gettags → company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close information flaneur information flaneur a blog about libraries, computer programming, and the impending end of humanity. 	marginalia - intelligent artifice thoughts about technology, ai, and work. 	go glam miniconf summary of the go clam miniconf i ran with sae ra germaine at lca 	marginalia in the mail marginalia is becoming an email newsletter 	what really matters let&#x ;s not forget what really mattered in the covid- crisis, when it&#x ;s over. 	introducing rockpool - a web app for communities of practice i&#x ;ve rebuilt the software running aus glam blogs &#x ;from the ground up&#x ; 	ephemera - how to automatically delete your old tweets and toots using your own computer you can make your social media posts ephemeral with a couple of python scripts and your own computer 	internet time a blog about libraries, computer programming, and the impending end of humanity. 	shiny - maintenance and memory the push for worker-free libraries is another front in the culture wars 	empathy daleks sarah lambert&#x ;s talk at crig flips the usual framing of &quot;student success&quot;. 	for what we will the only &quot;covid recovery&quot; worth pursuing is one that rejects &quot;jobs&quot; and centres care. four tet music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. four tet play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release sosick kh version april play album 	 popular this week baby , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	september (age ) 	born in 	putney, wandsworth, london, england, united kingdom four tet is the name used by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band fridge. hebden's solo work typically utilises samples lifted from various sources including hip-hop, electronica, techno, jazz, and folk mixed with his own guitar playing. four tet shares some stylistic similarities with other musicians, such as prefuse , who use computer editing techniques that give the music a staccato, cut-up feel. hebden's music is notable for its rich, organic sou… read more four tet is the name used by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band fridge. hebden's solo work typically utilises samples lifted from various sources including hip-hop… read more four tet is the name used by kieran hebden (born in putney, london, uk) for his experimental electronic music-oriented solo efforts, to differentiate from his work with post-rock band fridge. hebden's solo work typically utilises samples lifted from various sources including hip-hop, electronica, techno, jazz, and folk mixed with his own guitar playing.… read more related tags 	electronic 	idm 	experimental 	electronica 	instrumental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 caribou 	 floating points 	 nicolas jaar view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 baby 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 two thousand and seventeen 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 teenage birdsong 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 lush 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 school 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 daughter 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 locked 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 romantics 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 t recordings 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 harpsichord 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 rounds , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 pause , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 there is love in you , listeners · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 everything ecstatic , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday 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october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 may 	 	 four tet 	 ufo im velodrom, berlin, germany 	 going · interested 	 jun 	 	 we love green 	 bois de vincennes, paris, france 	 going · interested 	 jul 	 	 mad cool 	 espacio mad cool, madrid, spain 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.fourtet.net 	 twitter (@fourtet) 	 facebook (fourtetkieran) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 may 	 	 four tet 	 ufo im velodrom, berlin, germany 	 going · interested 	 jun 	 	 we love green 	 bois de vincennes, paris, france 	 going · interested 	 jul 	 	 mad cool 	 espacio mad cool, madrid, spain 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.fourtet.net 	 twitter (@fourtet) 	 facebook (fourtetkieran) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 caribou , , listeners 	 floating points , listeners 	 nicolas jaar , listeners 	 rival consoles , listeners 	 burial , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners view all similar artists 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(deluxe edition) — flying lotus | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. flying lotus you're dead! (deluxe edition) more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	electronic 	experimental 	hip-hop 	instrumental hip-hop 	idm add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 beats of mind ras g , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rainforest clams casino , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drukqs aphex twin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 donuts j dilla , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 breatharian mndsgn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 it is what it is thundercat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pause four tet , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rap beats vol. samiyam , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 you're dead! flying lotus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 do you love her now / he jai paul , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 iv badbadnotgood , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 beat konducta vol. - : movie scenes madlib , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 beats of mind ras g , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rainforest clams casino , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drukqs aphex twin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 donuts j dilla , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 breatharian mndsgn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 it is what it is thundercat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pause four tet , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rap beats vol. samiyam , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 you're dead! flying lotus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 do you love her now / he jai paul , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 iv badbadnotgood , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 beat konducta vol. - : movie scenes madlib , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more flying lotus , listeners related tags 	electronic 	experimental 	hip-hop los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus, often abbreviated to flylo, is the founder and leader of the brainfeeder collective, which includes such artists as samiyam, teebs and daedelus. he is also often seen as being at the forefront of the new wave of beatmakers and musicians who fuse idm and electronica with hip-hop and trip-hop. flying lotus released his first album, on plug research records in . his june release, los … read more los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus,… read more los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus, often abbreviated to flylo, is the founder an… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 thundercat , listeners 	 teebs , listeners 	 j dilla , listeners 	 mndsgn , listeners 	 knxwledge , listeners 	 aphex twin , , listeners 	 mono/poly , listeners 	 madlib , listeners 	 daedelus , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. andrew weathers play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release recordings with guitar september play album 	 popular this week we can only speak to the future listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 may (age ) 	born in 	watertown, middlesex county, massachusetts, united states andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a space between improvisation and composition - equally influenced by the th century american minimalists and underground noise. he has a bm in music composition from the university of north carolina - greensboro, and is currently pursuing an mfa in electronic music at mills college. weathers performs rigorously in a variety of contexts, both composed and improvised. in addition to solo performances,… read more andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a space between improvisation and composition - equally influenced by the th century american minimalists a… read more andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a space between improvisation and composition - equally influenced by the th century american minimalists and underground noise. he has a bm in music composition from the universi… read more related tags 	drone 	ambient 	minimal 	action research add tagsview all tags similar to 	 nicholas szczepanik 	 aquarelle 	 radere view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 we can only speak to the future 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 olympic peninsula blues 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 for peace and harmony free titans 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the star on the horizon (long version) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 it's ok to be excited 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 diamond blues 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 ripples of lost echo's 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 hi jolly at quartzsite 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 swing south at needles, straight shot to quartzsite 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 save, lord, or we perish 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 i am happy when i am moving listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 littlefield listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 a great southern city listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 we don't have suns like this listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 andrewweathers.com 	 twitter (@andrewweathers) 	 facebook (andrewweathersmusic) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 nicholas szczepanik , listeners 	 aquarelle , listeners 	 radere , listeners 	 superstorms listeners 	 high aura'd , listeners 	 alex cobb , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close below ost - volume ii — jim guthrie | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more jim guthrie , listeners related tags 	folk 	indie 	canadian jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. guthrie first made a name for himself by releasing a series of self-produced cassettes, and subsequently released albums on three gut records. he was nominated for a juno award for his album now, more than ever. his song "hands in my pocket" appeared in a television commercial for capital one's canadian branch in . view wiki jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelp… read more jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. gut… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 darren korb , listeners 	 danny baranowsky , listeners 	 nervous_testpilot , listeners 	 kyle gabler , listeners 	 scntfc , listeners 	 chris christodoulou , listeners 	 eirik suhrke , listeners 	 alec holowka , listeners 	 jonathan coulton , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photo external links 	 www.awvfts.com 	 twitter (@awvfts) 	 facebook (awvfts) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 nils frahm , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 ben lukas boysen , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the undivided five — a winged victory for the sullen | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? 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upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 our lord debussy 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sullen sonata 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the haunted victorian pencil 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the slow descent has begun 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 aqualung, motherfucker 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 a minor fifth is made of phantoms 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 adios, florida 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the rhythm of a dividing pair 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 keep it dark, deutschland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 eingya helios , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 moments eluding greg haines , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spells ben lukas boysen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 keys library tapes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 two & one luke howard , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 city lake bing & ruth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the dead texan the dead texan , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stare Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mist lanfranco spadaro listeners play album buy 	loading 	 owl splinters deaf center , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow meadow slow meadow , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ...and they have escaped the weight of darkness Ólafur arnalds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 eingya helios , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 moments eluding greg haines , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spells ben lukas boysen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 keys library tapes , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 two & one luke howard , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 city lake bing & ruth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the dead texan the dead texan , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stare Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mist lanfranco spadaro listeners play album buy 	loading 	 owl splinters deaf center , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow meadow slow meadow , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ...and they have escaped the weight of darkness Ólafur arnalds , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.awvfts.com 	 twitter (@awvfts) 	 facebook (awvfts) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more a winged victory for the sullen , listeners related tags 	ambient 	neoclassical 	piano a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composers dustin o'halloran and adam bryanbaum wiltzie met backstage in , introduced by a mutual friend francesco donadello — who, as fate would have it, went on to become their longtime collaborative sound engineer. four years after their introduction, their eponymous debut emerged in all its splendor: a grand, elegiac composition, featuring seven different harmonic landscapes, redolent of the l… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composer… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composers dustin o'halloran and adam bryanbaum wi… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 nils frahm , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 ben lukas boysen , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 the dead texan , listeners 	 alaskan tapes , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? 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upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 black origami 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 enigma 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 kyanite 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 holy child 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 nyakinyua rise 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 hatshepsut 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 calcination 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 carbon ( ) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 nandi 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 % 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 never created, never destroyed 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 challenge (to be continued) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 teklife vol. : what you need dj spinn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the crack capone dj roc , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 equalized eq why listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the underdogg ep dj tre listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pariah jana rush , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 s.l.f. aïsha devi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 if i had a dream today (feat. ethinicity) dj trouble listeners play album buy 	loading 	 da mind of traxman, vol. traxman , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sleep kush jones listeners play album buy 	loading 	 do you party? the soft pink truth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 % ghetto dj clent listeners play album buy 	loading 	 da trak genious dj nate , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 teklife vol. : what you need dj spinn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the crack capone dj roc , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 equalized eq why listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the underdogg ep dj tre listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 pariah jana rush , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 s.l.f. aïsha devi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 if i had a dream today (feat. ethinicity) dj trouble listeners play album buy 	loading 	 da mind of traxman, vol. traxman , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sleep kush jones listeners play album buy 	loading 	 do you party? the soft pink truth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 % ghetto dj clent listeners play album buy 	loading 	 da trak genious dj nate , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 twitter (@jlin_p) 	 facebook (jlintheinnovator) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more jlin , listeners related tags 	footwork 	juke 	electronic jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides in gary, indiana, miles from downtown chicago. though previously having used samples in her work, she now refuses to and her tracks are comprised of all her own original material, with influences from idm. in march she released her debut album dark energy on planet mu. it received critical acclaim, and was named the best album of by the wire and the quietus. her second studio record, b… read more jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides i… read more jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides in gary, indiana, miles from downtown chicag… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 rp boo , listeners 	 dj rashad , listeners 	 traxman , listeners 	 dj roc , listeners 	 dj spinn , listeners 	 dj paypal , listeners 	 dj earl , listeners 	 dj nate , listeners 	 machinedrum , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. a winged victory for the sullen atomos play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	modern classical 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	neo-classical 	post-classical add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more a winged victory for the sullen , listeners related tags 	ambient 	neoclassical 	piano a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composers dustin o'halloran and adam bryanbaum wiltzie met backstage in , introduced by a mutual friend francesco donadello — who, as fate would have it, went on to become their longtime collaborative sound engineer. four years after their introduction, their eponymous debut emerged in all its splendor: a grand, elegiac composition, featuring seven different harmonic landscapes, redolent of the l… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composer… read more a winged victory for the sullen is a collaboration between stars of the lid member adam wiltzie and dustin o'halloran. a winged victory for the sullen began with a friendship. composers dustin o'halloran and adam bryanbaum wi… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 nils frahm , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 ben lukas boysen , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds & nils frahm , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 the dead texan , listeners 	 alaskan tapes , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? 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"the last time we actually made a serious change to the working week was done by henry ford" claims the boss. um no. he didn't even do that for americans. ford's offer in of an eight hour day only stood for "worthy" workers of the ford motor company. this was a full fifty eight years after melbourne's stonemasons had already successfully won an eight hour day for the same wages as the former ten hour working day. they did it by going on strike until their demands were met. in (eleven years before "henry ford gave us the eight hour day") socialist tom mann unveiled the eight hours monument near victoria's parliament house, celebrating the events of and the status quo fact of an eight hour working day for most workers in victoria. liam hogan has already succinctly noted the core problem of "romance day", but it bears repeating. bosses aren't doing you a favour when they "give" you some "time off". a job is labour time in exchange for money. never mistake it for something else. there are certainly ways of organising human societies where you do have obligations to others when you're not working for them. serfdom. feudalism. gift economies. communalism. mutual aid. but we live under capitalism. you don't owe your boss anything when you're not on the clock. essential work even with the "second wave" in melbourne, australia has been quite lucky with covid- and avoided the sort of overwhelming chaos we see in europe and the americas. we're able to talk about "covid recovery" already, and what it might look like. so far, it appears — perhaps unsurprisingly — our elites in politics and the media have learned nothing at all from the experience here or elsewhere. all talk is of "job creation" and that political staple, the "shovel ready project". even adam bandt has gotten into the action, parroting the latest trends from the united states left and calling for a "green new deal" and "green jobs". earlier this year there was some speculation about genetic factors being behind the much higher covid- death rate for black and south asian britons. but more recently it's become apparent that africa — which western health experts expected to be decimated by covid — has on the contrary largely contained the virus much more effectively than other continents. so clearly african genes are playing a marginal role here, if any. the more recent evidence from britain suggest that, unsurprisingly, the problem is simply that those from minority ethnicities are more likely to live in crappy houses with bad air quality, or work in the most dangerous, often low paid jobs. the uk government's own report notes: disparities in the risk and outcomes of covid- - released june, updated august people who live in deprived areas have higher diagnosis rates and death rates than those living in less deprived areas. the mortality rates from covid- in the most deprived areas were more than double the least deprived areas, for both males and females. ...high diagnosis rates may be due to geographic proximity to infections or a high proportion of workers in occupations that are more likely to be exposed. the pattern of second-wave infections in melbourne was likewise all too obvious: the suburbs with the most frequent and large case clusters were those housing the most tenuously employed in the lowest paid jobs. it's marginalisation, not genes, that makes people more likely to get covid. staying at home and avoiding contact with potential infections is much easier when everyone is guaranteed to have a home, and doesn't have to worry about paying rent or a mortgage. staying away from a crowded or dangerous workplace is easy for someone like me, in an office-based professional job. it's impossible for someone staring at eviction and hunger if they don't turn up, as is the case for abattoir and warehouse workers, or those without the right government paperwork. work sucks and that's a problem, according to martin betts. the fact that i have some kind of job security, i mean. he thinks it would be much more "exciting" for us if all university staff were uberised short-contract or sham contract workers, instead of the only % of us who already are. you will be shocked to learn martin describes himself as a "strategic consultant" and "thought leader". it's the reliance on cash income and a market economy for every facet of life that has caused so much trouble in this pandemic and of course well before it. what, exactly, is so great about a "job"? work sucks. capitalists only ever got people to work for wages by violently cutting off access to systems of community sustenance, whether in the british isles, north america, el salvador, australia or elsewhere. it's not "jobs" or "work" that people need. it's sustenance, meaning, and connection. or as authors in uneven earth noted: the coronavirus pandemic has clearly revealed the rather limited list of jobs and sectors that are essential for meeting society’s basic needs. a "sector" that has recently gained a lot of attention for all the wrong reasons is what is euphemistically called the "care industry". when "economic growth" is prized above all other things due to a fantasy that it "improves living standards", we should expect to see something exactly like this. socialised to follow individual lives in a system structured to make the alternative difficult, saddled with huge debts or outrageous rents in order to live in poorly constructed housing, and working unpredictable or inflexible schedules, we warehouse the old, the unwell, and disabled. in exchange for the work of providing for their needs on our behalf, other desperate workers are paid ever so slightly above minimum wage, with no prospect of promotion or progression. david speers recently proposed that the solution to this depressing state of affairs is to double down. steering unemployed young people into caring careers might just pay off he suggests. the only people who have "careers" that "pay off" in the "care sector" are the executives in head office and the corporate board members. everybody else just has a shit job — often literally. a truly civilised society would see that care is essential, and care is an abomination. that providing good housing for all is an obligation, and real estate is violence. that the health of the populace is largely determined by the health of the society they live in. it would work together rather than having jobs alone. it sure as hell wouldn't make you work ten hour days making shitty ads and call it romance. 	home 	about 	archive 	privacy 	rss i've published my thoughts about libraries and technology on this blog for several years. some of my views have evolved over time - past writing may not reflect my current opinion. all content © hugh rundle except as noted in acknowledgements. text licensed cc-by . . please ensure any redistribution adheres to the creative commons best practices for attribution. published with eleventy. dreams and visions from the llano estacado — andrew weathers | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. andrew weathers dreams and visions from the llano estacado more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	minimal 	action research 	folk add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 northwest escarpment 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wind/plastic 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wind/air 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 salt permeable earth 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get 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radere listeners play album buy 	loading 	 no river long enough doesn't contain a bend high aura'd listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow walkers slow walkers , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday 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friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday 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facebook (andrewweathersmusic) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more andrew weathers , listeners related tags 	drone 	ambient 	minimal andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a space between improvisation and composition - equally influenced by the th century american minimalists and underground noise. he has a bm in music composition from the university of north carolina - greensboro, and is currently pursuing an mfa in electronic music at mills college. weathers performs rigorously in a variety of contexts, both composed and improvised. in addition to solo performances,… read more andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a spa… read more andrew weathers is a young american composer and improviser originally from chapel hill, north carolina, united states, but currently based in oakland, california. his music exists in a space between improvisation and composition - equ… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 nicholas szczepanik , listeners 	 aquarelle , listeners 	 radere , listeners 	 superstorms listeners 	 high aura'd , listeners 	 alex cobb , listeners 	 dylan golden aycock , listeners 	 dag rosenqvist , listeners 	 mind over mirrors , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 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time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close empathy daleks information flaneur empathy daleks mon nov : : gmt+ (australian eastern daylight time) glam blog club the annual crig seminar is a highlight of the calendar in victorian academic libraries, and like everything else in , this year's program was a bit different to normal. entirely online, free, and open to all, the organising committee came up with three fantastic sessions spread over a week and a half. the first session on ‌oer resources and open pedagogy with sarah lambert and rajiv jhangiani was outstanding. dr jhangiani showed himself to be an extremely effective communicator about the importance and pedagogical benefits of open educational practices, and i learned a lot about how to do that better. but unfortunately for him, it was dr lambert's talk that struck me more forcefully. lambert's research focusses on social justice actions and discourse within open educational practice. she spoke among other things about the effect of using and revising openly licensed educational resources to make them, well, less uniformly male and white. her research shows some interesting effects of diversifying text books that were completely obvious in retrospect but that i had never properly considered. open educational resources commonly referred to as oer validation as a pedagogical tool her studies indicate that diversifying the authors, perspectives, representations and examples in standard textbooks is not simply "more inclusive" or "just" in an abstract way (though that would be good anyway). students who feel they belong — who feel validated as members or potential members of a profession or academic discipline — are more likely to succeed and complete their degrees. that is, lambert suggests that diversifying the authors and even the examples or hypothetical actors in university textbooks by itself has a positive effect on completion rates, engagement, and student satisfaction with courses. amy nusbaum shows in a recent article that oer is an effective way to accelerate this, because with licenses allowing "remixing" of content the examples used within open textbooks can be updated to suit local needs without having to rewrite the entire text. it's possible i have never felt more white and male than i did listening to this. the thought "that's amazing" was immediately followed by "that's obvious". because of course there is more cognitive load required by someone trying to learn about a field of study that is new to them, if they also have to deal with the (perhaps correct) impression that people like them are not really welcome in that field. of course if one sees oneself as potentially part of "the field" because one sees oneself in the literature, engaging with that literature will be easier. women and racialised people have been saying this for decades or longer in all sorts of contexts. but it was lambert uttering the magic words about diverse texts improving "student success" that suddenly felt quite subversive. to understand why, we need to interrogate what universities usually mean when they talk about "student success", and particularly the infrastructures universities have been building around it. universities as a site of discipline education systems are sites of discipline. there are "canons", "standards", "traditions" and examinations. in an interview for the new inquiry about his book, beyond education: radical studying for another world, eli meyerhoff describes the standard education system: its key elements include a vertical imaginary of individualized ascent up levels of education, a pedagogical mode of accounting with a system of honor and shame that eventually took the form of graded exams, hierarchical relationships of teacher over student, separations of students from the means of studying, the commodification of access to the means of studying through tuition, and opposed figures of educational waste (e.g., the dropout) and value (e.g., the graduate). this mode of study shapes subjects for their participation in governance and work within the dominant mode of world-making. universities are obsessed above all with correct forms. heaven help the unwitting new recruit who accidentally refers to professor smith as ms smith, or mixes up the pro-vice chancellor with the deputy provost. enormous amounts of time and money are dedicated to ensuring that students italicise the correct words and use particular punctuation for any of half a dozen referencing systems that manage to somehow be incredibly prescriptive in the specifics whilst relatively vague, undefined and incomplete, never quite covering all possibilities. avoiding plagiarism is now defined as whether your paper passes the test set by commercial black box software. the march of progress has inevitably led to a what john warner has described as a "plagiarism singularity": paper mills are now using turnitin/writecheck to certify to their customers that the essays they’ve purchased from the paper mill will successfully pass the turnitin/writecheck report at their institution. ...turnitin now sits at the center of a perfect little marketplace, a plagiarism singularity if you will, where they get paid coming and going to certify work as “original,” even though the very circular nature of the arrangement means the software itself is worthless when it comes to detecting originality. the point of all this isn't really to "certify originality" at all, but in fact the opposite. ironically, the fake obsession with originality hinders actual research, to the point that researchers are reduced to begging scientific publishers not to reject articles on the basis that they use standardised methods. turnitin plagiarism detection tool. above all else, a university degree certifies the holder's ability to follow particular rules, only some of which are explicitly stated. those who have difficulty following — or even recognising — these rules are a problem for which the university seeks a solution. they are referred to by an ever-growing list of euphemisms: "first in family", "at risk", "non-traditional background", "diverse", "low ses", "disengaged". students are told in more and less subtle ways that they don't belong, that they're here under sufferance, and when, inevitably, they fail, it will be their fault. the educational experience of the average undergraduate today is a multi-year hazing by what jeffrey moro calls, simply, "cop shit". empathy daleks "cop shit" is evolving from the merely kafkaesque (the turnitin black box) to the orwellian (the intelligent campus). rather than waiting for students to fail classes, universities are now eagerly signing up for prediction machines to identify precrime students at risk of failing in order to "intervene". jisc has spruiked their "intelligent campus" product as part of a more widespread push to use "learning analytics" to measure student "engagement". one of the more troubling aspects of this project is the narrative that it is a potential solution to the growing number of students experiencing acute mental distress. instead of recognising that universities are particular site of trauma within a broader crisis of community and collective care in hyper-capitalist societies, and responding with increased human interaction and human connection, jisc's "intelligent campus" doubles down to present the very disembodied, machinic cause of the problem as its own "solution". rather than rebuilding universities as the sites of genuine human care, connection, and community claimed in their glossy brochures and award winning websites, the business model of today's university produces empathy daleks. instead of the emotional intelligence of humans, universities embrace the artificial intelligence of machines to identify and neutralise non-compliance. using analytics and automation to "nudge" "at-risk" students works on a kind of infection model: "test and trace" for the inability to match up to the university's model of a "good" student. dalek a fictional extraterrestrial race of mutants principally portrayed in the british science fiction television programme doctor who. what do we mean by "success"? what does it mean to say a student has "failed"? rola ajjawi tells us that % of students will fail at least one unit in the course of their degree. this is an extraordinary number. if four in ten students "fail", then surely it would be more accurate to say that the higher education system is broken. but then again, perhaps universities don't see this as a failure at all. economists like to talk about "stated preferences" versus "revealed preferences". in perhaps the most under-stated sentence in her book, generous thinking: a radical approach to saving the university, kathleen fitzpatrick notes: generous thinking: a radical approach to saving the university pages and the inability of institutions of higher education to transform their internal structures and processes in order to fully align with their stated mission and values may mean that the institutions have not in fact fully embraced that mission or those values. fitzpatrick's hope is for nothing less than a complete reconstruction of not only the role, but the culture and structures of the university: it is not just a matter of making it possible for more kinds of people to achieve conventionally coded success within the institution, but instead of examining what constitutes success, how it is measured, and why. so this is why i see sarah lambert's framing of the impact of diversifying university textbooks as so subversive. lambert completely flips the assumption about what and who needs to change for students to have more success and engagement with education and learning. it is not merely that universities should diversify their teaching material because it's nice, or politically correct, or just. it's not simply that they should do so because it would go some way to resolve the misalignment that fitzpatrick has identified between the university's stated and practiced values. far more dangerously, universities should do this because it is shown to improve their own stated measures of their own success. improving "student success" in this way requires a change in the university, not in the students. and whist it's certainly not enough on its own, diversifying teaching material addresses "student success" much more cheaply, effectively, and ethically than any empathy dalek ever will. 	home 	about 	archive 	privacy 	rss i've published my thoughts about libraries and technology on this blog for several years. some of my views have evolved over time - past writing may not reflect my current opinion. all content © hugh rundle except as noted in acknowledgements. text licensed cc-by . . please ensure any redistribution adheres to the creative commons best practices for attribution. published with eleventy. big thief music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 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okay with the inevitability of death," says adrianne. masterpiece, big thief's debut album, is filled with characters and visceral narratives, songs that pivot … read more big thief is an american indie rock band with folk roots. the band is based in brooklyn, new york, and comprises adrianne lenker, buck meek, max oleartchik, and james krivchenia. big thief's music, rooted in the songs of adrianne lenker, paints in vivid tones "the process of harnes… read more big thief is an american indie rock band with folk roots. the band is based in brooklyn, new york, and comprises adrianne lenker, buck meek, max oleartchik, and james krivchenia. big thief's music, rooted in the songs of adrianne lenker, paints in vivid tones "the process of harnessing pain, loss, and love, while simultaneously letting go, looking into… read more related tags 	indie rock 	folk 	indie 	acoustic 	indie folk add tagsview all tags similar to 	 adrianne lenker 	 angel olsen 	 julia jacklin view all artists top tracks 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tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 mar 	 	 big thief 	 corner hotel, richmond, melbourne, australia 	 going · interested 	 mar 	 	 big thief 	 corner hotel, richmond, australia 	 going 	 mar 	 cancelled 	 big thief 	 enmore theatre, enmore, australia 	 going add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 bigthief.net 	 twitter (@bigthiefmusic) 	 facebook (bigthiefmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday 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interested 	 mar 	 	 big thief 	 corner hotel, richmond, australia 	 going 	 mar 	 cancelled 	 big thief 	 enmore theatre, enmore, australia 	 going add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 bigthief.net 	 twitter (@bigthiefmusic) 	 facebook (bigthiefmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 adrianne lenker , listeners 	 angel olsen , listeners 	 julia jacklin , listeners 	 lucy dacus , listeners 	 sharon van etten , listeners 	 waxahatchee , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close everything now — arcade fire | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. arcade fire everything now play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july everything now is the fifth studio album by the canadian indie rock band arcade fire. it was released on july , , physically through sonovox records and digitally through columbia records. the album was produced by arcade fire alongside thomas bangalter of the electronic-house duo daft punk and pulp bassist steve mackey. previous collaborator markus dravs provides co-production, with additional production by geoff barrow of portishead and eric heigle. view wiki everything now is the fifth studio album by the canadian indie rock band arcade fire. it was released on july , , physically through sonovox re… read more everything now is the fifth studio album by the canadian indie rock band arcade fire. it was released on july , , physically through sonovox records and digitally through columbia … read more related tags 	 	rock 	disco 	alternative rock 	 s add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 everything_now (continued) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 everything now 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set 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november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , external links 	 apple music 	 arcadefire.com 	 twitter (@arcadefire) 	 facebook (arcadefire) 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more arcade fire , , listeners related tags 	indie rock 	indie 	rock arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy gurdy, drums), richard reed parry (bass, guitar), will butler (keyboards, guitar), tim kingsbury (bass), and jeremy gara (drums). montreal percussionist dane mills performed on the ep and in early live shows. the touring band includes horn players and violinists. the band’s trademark fashion consists in wearing rather formal attire during live events and a use of orchestral instruments. when aske… read more arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy … read more arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy gurdy, drums), richard reed parry (bass, guita… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 the national , , listeners 	 the killers , , listeners 	 will butler , listeners 	 interpol , , listeners 	 yeah yeah yeahs , , listeners 	 mgmt , , listeners 	 the war on drugs , listeners 	 vampire weekend , , listeners 	 broken social scene , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 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	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 arcadefire.com 	 twitter (@arcadefire) 	 facebook (arcadefire) 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close arcade fire music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. arcade fire play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release i give you power (feat. mavis staples) - single november play album 	 popular this week the suburbs , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	montreal, montreal, quebec, canada arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy gurdy, drums), richard reed parry (bass, guitar), will butler (keyboards, guitar), tim kingsbury (bass), and jeremy gara (drums). montreal percussionist dane mills performed on the ep and in early live shows. the touring band includes horn players and violinists. the band’s trademark fashion consists in wearing rather formal attire during live events and a use of orchestral instruments. when aske… read more arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy gurdy, drums), richard reed parry (bass, guitar), will butler (keyboards, guitar), tim kingsbury (bass),… read more arcade fire is an indie rock band formed in montreal, quebec, canada in . the band consists of win butler (vocals, guitar, piano), régine chassagne (vocals, accordion, keyboards, hurdy gurdy, drums), richard reed parry (bass, guitar), will butler (keyboards, guitar), tim kingsbury (bass), and jeremy gara (drums). montreal percussionist dane mills performed on… read more related tags 	indie rock 	indie 	rock 	alternative 	canadian add tagsview all tags similar to 	 the national 	 the killers 	 will butler view all artists 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september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday 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sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 arcadefire.com 	 twitter (@arcadefire) 	 facebook (arcadefire) 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 the national , , listeners 	 the killers , , listeners 	 will butler , listeners 	 interpol , , listeners 	 yeah yeah yeahs , , listeners 	 mgmt , , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close blackstar — david bowie | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. david bowie blackstar play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 january 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 january blackstar (stylised as ★) is the th studio album by david bowie, released on january , , the date of bowie's th birthday. the album features seven songs, with the title track being released as a single on november , . bowie died on january , after a secret month battle with cancer: it was days after his th birthday and the release of blackstar ( ). tony visconti - a producer and friend with bowie for over decades - commented "he made blackstar for us — his parting gift . i knew for a year this was the way it would be. i wasn’t, however, p… read more blackstar (stylised as ★) is the th studio album by david bowie, released on january , , the date of bowie's th birthday. the album fea… read more blackstar (stylised as ★) is the th studio album by david bowie, released on january , , the date of bowie's th birthday. the album features seven songs, with the title tra… read more related tags 	 	art rock 	jazz 	experimental rock 	rock add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 blackstar 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 'tis a pity she was a whore 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 lazarus 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sue (or in a season of crime) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 girl loves me 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 dollar days 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 i can't give everything away 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 goodbye yellow brick road elton john , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 avalon roxy music , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 all the young dudes (expanded edition) mott the hoople , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the idiot iggy pop , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 here come the warm jets brian eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the smiths the smiths , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 electric warrior t. rex , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 revolver the beatles , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parallel lines blondie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the kick inside kate bush , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 berlin lou reed , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 us peter gabriel , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 goodbye yellow brick road elton john , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 avalon roxy music , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 all the young dudes (expanded edition) mott the hoople , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the idiot iggy pop , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 here come the warm jets brian eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the smiths the smiths , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 electric warrior t. rex , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 revolver the beatles , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parallel lines blondie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the kick inside kate bush , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 berlin lou reed , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 us peter gabriel , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.davidbowie.com 	 twitter (@davidbowiereal) 	 facebook (davidbowie) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images , more david bowie , , listeners related tags 	rock 	glam rock 	classic rock david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musicians of the th century, acclaimed by critics and musicians, particularly for his innovative work during the s. his career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, with his music and stagecraft having a significant impact on popular music. during his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at million albums worldwide, made him one of th… read more david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is… read more david robert jones ( january – january ), known professionally as david bowie, was an english singer, songwriter and actor. he was a leading figure in the music industry and is considered one of the most influential musici… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 tin machine , listeners 	 iggy pop , , listeners 	 lou reed , , listeners 	 roxy music , listeners 	 t. rex , , listeners 	 the rolling stones , , listeners 	 the velvet underground , , listeners 	 talking heads , , listeners 	 mott the hoople , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.davidbowie.com 	 twitter (@davidbowiereal) 	 facebook (davidbowie) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close hazel english music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. hazel english play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release five and dime april play album 	 popular this week never going home listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 november (age ) 	born in 	sydney, new south wales, australia australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was working, the two hit it off and began collaborating. their first three songs were posted on soundcloud and became something of a sensation. english formed a band and played her first show opening for craft spells at the great american music hall in san francisco in late . the band played more shows throughout , opening for acts like ride and field music, along with headlining. toward the end … read more australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was working, the two hit it off and began collaborating. their first three songs were posted on soundcloud and … read more australian-born singer/songwriter hazel english moved to san francisco, then oakland, in . when she met up with jackson phillips of the band day wave at the book store where she was working, the two hit it off and began collaborating. their first three songs were posted on soundcloud and became something of a sensation. english formed a band and played her fi… read more related tags 	dream pop 	indie pop 	indie 	female vocalists 	pop add tagsview all tags similar to 	 day wave 	 fazerdaze 	 yumi zouma view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last 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to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. ezekiel honig a passage of concrete more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners 	 scrobbles . k more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march melancholic, warm, pensive, with a sombre wonder for everyday experience, a passage of concrete, the newest album from anticipate label-head ezekiel honig, ebbs and flows across an electroacoustic narrative of fragmented memory tethered to the present moment, unravelling movement, location, distance in a story that cares about place as both texture and emotional notation. sounds from crowded streets, parks, empty apartments, and high-ceilinged spaces all fit into honig's music on equal footing with kick drums, household percussion, saturated piano, and stretched-out horns. stea… read more melancholic, warm, pensive, with a sombre wonder for everyday experience, a passage of concrete, the newest album from anticipate label-head ezekiel … read more melancholic, warm, pensive, with a sombre wonder for everyday experience, a passage of concrete, the newest album from anticipate label-head ezekiel honig, ebbs and flows across an elect… read more related tags 	ambient 	minimal 	electronic 	idm 	minimal techno add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 apartment workshop 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 visiting a recent past 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 forest of refractions 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love 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listeners play album buy 	loading 	 living vicariously through burnt bread twerk , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 letter of sounds fourcolor , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 past utopia tilman ehrhorn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 you're going to love our defeatist attitude the remote viewer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 airships fill the sky morgan packard , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tools giuseppe ielasi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a way to find the day mapstation , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 linienbusse studio pankow , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 land iii fax , listeners buy 	loading 	 a white rainbow spanning the dark donato wharton , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 opaque (+re) steinbrüchel , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 jealous heart mark templeton , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 living vicariously through burnt bread twerk , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 letter of sounds fourcolor , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 past utopia tilman ehrhorn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 you're going to love our defeatist attitude the remote viewer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 airships fill the sky morgan packard , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 tools giuseppe ielasi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a way to find the day mapstation , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 linienbusse studio pankow , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 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saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.ezekielhonig.com 	 twitter (@ezekielhonig) 	 facebook (pages/ezekiel-honig/ ) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more ezekiel honig , listeners related tags 	ambient 	minimal 	electronic a new york city native and founder of the anticipate and microcosm labels, ezekiel honig concentrates on emotively warm and minimal music. he strives to incorporate the ethos of the past with something new, striding that blurry line between occasional dance floor sensibilities and intriguing, yet heart warming home listening. ambience, soft, colorful tones, found sounds, a techno background, / microsound, and an affinity for off kilter rhythm edits are all involved in this process, while paying constant attention to deceptively simple melodic structures, along with seemingly rand… read more a new york city native and founder of the anticipate and microcosm labels, ezekiel honig concentrates on emotively warm and minimal music. he strives to incorporate the ethos of the past w… read more a new york city native and founder of the anticipate and microcosm labels, ezekiel honig concentrates on emotively warm and minimal music. he strives to incorporate the ethos of the past with something new, striding that blurry line b… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 ezekiel honig & morgan packard , listeners 	 morgan packard , listeners 	 mark templeton , listeners 	 mokira , listeners 	 fourcolor , listeners 	 solo andata , listeners 	 the fun years , listeners 	 giuseppe ielasi , listeners 	 move d & benjamin brunn , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm 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saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close introducing the candidate name pronunciation feature in… | greenhouse skip to content 	 close mobile sub-navigation greenhouse home link 	 products & solutions products 	recruiting 	onboarding segments 	enterprise 	small to midsize solutions 	integrations 	structured hiring 	candidate experience 	diversity, equity & inclusion 	more solutions 	 resources resources 	blog 	guidance 	customer stories the greenhouse podcast the greenhouse podcast hiring for what’s next hear from today’s talent thought leaders to discover how a winning talent strategy drives real business results. listen now 	 about us about us 	mission 	belonging 	company 	careers 	press & awards 	contact just released just released all-new greenhouse report builder create custom multi-metric reports with our intuitive report builder tool and make powerful insights available to stakeholders across your organization. take a look 	 community community 	events 	open 	talent makers 	newsletter save the date save the date greenhouse open join talent practitioners, business leaders, and hiring managers for a fully digital, highly interactive conference. learn more request a demo sign in modern recruiter newsletter our bi-weekly newsletter full of inspiration, podcasts, trends and news. choose your language english german 	privacy policy 	terms of service © greenhouse software, inc. 	sign in 	request a demo 	 toggle search form 	 open mobile navigation search the site submit 	 blog say my name: introducing the candidate name pronunciation feature in greenhouse subscribe to our newsletter our bi-weekly newsletter full of inspiration, podcasts, trends and news. thank you your form has been successfully submitted. filed under: 	 de&i names matter – they’re a central part of someone’s identity, representative of who they are and often where they come from. and it's safe to say that the correct pronunciation of a name is just as important. beyond a workplace courtesy at greenhouse, we’ve seen how inclusive hiring cultures build stronger businesses. it’s clear that creating that culture is rooted in seemingly small details – like pronouncing every candidate’s name correctly. it’s not just common courtesy, it’s a crucial behavior for achieving true workplace inclusivity – one that prioritizes acceptance and belonging. according to the study teachers, please learn our names!: racial microaggressions and the k- classroom, “although the racial undertones to the mispronunciation of names are often understated, when analyzed within a context of historical and current day racism, these incidents are considered racial microaggressions – subtle daily insults that, as a form of racism, support a racial and cultural hierarchy of minority inferiority.” because mispronunciation in the classroom causes a harmful form of othering, it affects the emotional wellbeing of students of color, and essentially hinders their ability to learn. now imagine the triggering effects for a candidate hearing their name pronounced incorrectly during their dream job interview: confusion, disappointment and frustration – none of which are adjectives you’d like to see on your candidate feedback survey. hello, my name is the candidate name pronunciation feature we’re so excited to announce that greenhouse is launching the candidate name pronunciation feature – it gives your candidates the opportunity to pre-record their names before their first interview, so your hiring team is clear on how they should be addressed. how it works with this new feature, candidates are able to pre-record the correct pronunciation of their names when recruiters request their interview schedule availability through greenhouse. candidates can: 	record up to seconds of audio 	playback to ensure they’re comfortable with it 	re-record as many times as they’d like 	delete the recording if they so choose listen to a few examples from greenhouse employees below improve the interview experience for everyone involved in your hiring process giving every candidate the ability to pre-record their name with the correct pronunciation helps provide an exceptional candidate experience, even before their first contact with you. avoid discomfort. not only does it allow them to be addressed as they’d like, it also removes the distracting inner debate that comes with the cringe of hearing their name pronounced incorrectly – “do i correct them? would it seem arrogant? will the interviewer be embarrassed?” empower candidates. candidates from underrepresented backgrounds with unique names, who usually bear the burden of correcting others, will feel seen, safe and acknowledged – and ready to focus on what really matters. combat implicit bias. are some names really “too difficult” to pronounce, or is this idea rooted in the fact that many of them don’t fall into categories deemed recognizable or acceptable by western colonialism? the answer is clear, and by offering potential hires the candidate name pronunciation feature, your organization can break from the status quo and denounce the idea of whiteness as the “easy to pronounce” default. if they can learn to say tchaikovsky and michelangelo and dostoyevsky, then they can learn to say uzoamaka. –uzo aduba, emmy winning actress for orange is the new black and mrs. america make your commitment to de&i clear. they’ll also leave the interview with a positive lasting impression and an understanding of your company's commitment to inclusion on a deeper level than any mission statement could provide. so say their name, get it right, commit to radical inclusivity and hire great talent. if you’re a greenhouse customer, please visit the help center to learn more about setting up the candidate name pronunciation feature. editor's note: we understand that we still have more work to do when it comes to addressing the needs of people who are deaf or hard of hearing. we're constantly iterating on our processes and we'll be looking into how we can make our product more inclusive to as many people as possible. micah gebreyes is a senior content manager at greenhouse where she creates and elevates the greenhouse social media, blog and newsletter content strategies. when she's not in the office engaging online communities, she enjoys spending time with her pomeranian, cashew. keep the conversation growing with micah on linkedin or through the greenhouse linkedin, twitter, facebook and instagram. ready to become great at hiring? request a demo today be_ixf;ym_ d_ ; ct_ 	be_ixf; php_sdk; php_sdk_ . . . 	https://www.greenhouse.io/blog/say-my-name-introducing-candidate-name-pronunciation 	https://www.greenhouse.io/blog/say-my-name-introducing-candidate-name-pronunciation modern recruiter newsletter our bi-weekly newsletter full of inspiration, podcasts, trends and news. choose your language english german products 	recruiting 	onboarding 	pricing segments 	enterprise 	small to midsize solutions 	integrations 	structured hiring 	candidate experience 	diversity, equity & inclusion 	more solutions resources 	blog 	guidance 	customer stories 	support 	developer resources platform 	ethical principles 	services 	mobile 	apis 	security 	gdpr about us 	mission 	belonging 	company 	careers 	press & awards 	contact community 	events 	open 	talent makers 	newsletter choose your language english german © greenhouse software, inc. “hire for what’s next” and “greenhouse talent makers” are trademarks of greenhouse software. 	privacy policy 	terms of service this site uses cookies. by continuing to use this site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. privacy policy okay jlin music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. jlin play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release autobiography september play album 	 popular this week enigma listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 july (age ) 	born in 	gary, lake county, indiana, united states jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides in gary, indiana, miles from downtown chicago. though previously having used samples in her work, she now refuses to and her tracks are comprised of all her own original material, with influences from idm. in march she released her debut album dark energy on planet mu. it received critical acclaim, and was named the best album of by the wire and the quietus. her second studio record, b… read more jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides in gary, indiana, miles from downtown chicago. though previously having used samples in her work, she … read more jerrilynn patton, also known as jlin, is the most prominent female juke/footwork music producer of this current generation. originally from decatur, georgia, she grew up and still resides in gary, indiana, miles from downtown chicago. though previously having used samples in her work, she now refuses to and her tracks are comprised of all her own original mate… read more related tags 	footwork 	juke 	electronic 	experimental 	idm add tagsview all tags similar to 	 rp boo 	 dj rashad 	 traxman view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 enigma 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 never created, never destroyed 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 nyakinyua rise 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 black origami 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 kyanite 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 erotic heat 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 unknown tongues 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 % 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 hatshepsut 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 guantanamo 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 black origami , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 dark energy , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 autobiography (music from wayne mcgregor's autobiography) , listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 dark lotus , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 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monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@jlin_p) 	 facebook (jlintheinnovator) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@jlin_p) 	 facebook (jlintheinnovator) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 rp boo , listeners 	 dj rashad , listeners 	 traxman , listeners 	 dj roc , listeners 	 dj spinn , listeners 	 dj paypal , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close june — brendon anderegg | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. brendon anderegg june more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	folk add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 	 buy 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	loading 	 dersu kilchhofer listeners play album buy 	loading 	 when rectangles roll under cities brendon anderegg listener play album buy 	loading 	 when we were eating unripe pears bee mask , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 patterns for resonant space sontag shogun , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 salt & firewood mark renner listeners play album buy 	loading 	 novisad novisad listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 brendonanderegg.com don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images brendon anderegg listeners related tags 	ambient 	folk 	acoustic member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 golden retriever , listeners 	 koen holtkamp , listeners 	 greg davis , listeners 	 a broken consort , listeners 	 forma , listeners 	 ipek gorgun , listeners 	 kilchhofer , listeners 	 brett naucke , listeners 	 scott tuma , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 brendonanderegg.com trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close what you kill — gersey | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. gersey what you kill play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 may 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 may do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	indie 	melbourne 	australian add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 this is just the beginning 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 when you hollow out 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 see lucienne 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 endlessness 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 curtaincall 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 summer days 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love 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tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images gersey , listeners related tags 	indie 	melbourne 	australian gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (drums) and drew pearse (keyboards). the band are among a number of australian indie-rock bands formed in the mid-late s who are influenced by shoegaze movement of the early s, including gaslight radio, sounds like sunset and ides of space. the band began their recording careers with the rare ep "bewilderment is a blessing" ( ). since then they have released three full length albums… read more gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (d… read more gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (drums) and drew pearse (keyboards). the band ar… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 deloris , listeners 	 machine translations , listeners 	 saab , listeners 	 screamfeeder , listeners 	 big heavy stuff , listeners 	 even , listeners 	 dappled cities , listeners 	 gerling , listeners 	 starky , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday 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time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close waypoints — caught in the wake forever | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. caught in the wake forever waypoints more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	acoustic 	idm 	electronic 	piano add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 a flutter in the backwoods 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current 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travel to a human heart strom noir listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the disguised familiar spheruleus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a seasons past hirotaka shirotsubaki listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ...from dreams... listening mirror listeners play album buy 	loading 	 lost seas lowered listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ancient lights david newlyn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 collection: blue james harmon listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hacia la luz david cordero listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.caughtinthewakeforever.com 	 twitter (@caughtinthewake) 	 facebook (pages/caught-in-the-wake-forever/ ) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more caught in the wake forever , listeners related tags 	ambient 	acoustic 	idm caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead singer of paisley based miserablist’s small town boredom. at the beginning of he began working on several instrumental pieces blending a more electronic approach with his already established lo-fi acoustic aesthetics. these new tunes are characterised mainly by the use of rhodes piano & classical guitar surrounded by the subtle warmth of electronics, string machines & dictaphone field re… read more caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead sin… read more caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead singer of paisley based miserablist’s small town … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 lowered , listeners 	 simon bainton , listeners 	 ithaca trio , listeners 	 jonatan nästesjö listeners 	 spheruleus , listeners 	 moss covered technology listeners 	 isnaj dui , listeners 	 glacis , listeners 	 david newlyn , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.caughtinthewakeforever.com 	 twitter (@caughtinthewake) 	 facebook (pages/caught-in-the-wake-forever/ ) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close hirotaka shirotsubaki music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. hirotaka shirotsubaki play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release music for artificial island july play album 	 popular this week yanagiwara listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the suburbs where he grew up, his early music’s major themes were the city and nature. however, his later music tends towards the impersonal, allowing each listener to fit the sounds into the spaces of his or her life, attempting to link the ideas of memory and recollection into his music. https://hshirptsubaki.bandcamp.com https://soundcloud.com/infection view wiki hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the suburbs where he grew up, his early music’s major themes were the city and nature. however, his later music t… read more hirotaka shirotsubaki is a japanese ambient artist from a small town in kobe and was born in . he began his career in . taking inspiration from the natural surroundings in the suburbs where he grew up, his early music’s major themes were the city and nature. however, his later music tends towards the impersonal, allowing each listener to fit the sounds in… read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	japanese 	chillout 	soundscape add tagsview all tags similar to 	 blank embrace 	 nobuto suda 	 steve pacheco view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 yanagiwara 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 monguchi 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 daikai 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 otabi 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 tsukamoto 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 eizawa 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 hasaka 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 relic 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 morning haze 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 autumn blanket 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 reminiscence listeners 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events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 blank embrace , listeners 	 nobuto suda , listeners 	 steve pacheco listeners 	 reverberant evenings , listeners 	 rest you sleeping giant , listeners 	 tone color , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close jim guthrie music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. jim guthrie play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release below - volume iii (original soundtrack) february play album 	 popular this week and we got older(bonus track) listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born in 	guelph, wellington county, ontario, canada jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. guthrie first made a name for himself by releasing a series of self-produced cassettes, and subsequently released albums on three gut records. he was nominated for a juno award for his album now, more than ever. his song "hands in my pocket" appeared in a television commercial for capital one's canadian branch in . view wiki jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. guthrie first made a name for himself by releasing a series o… read more jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. guthrie first made a name for himself by releasing a series of self-produced cassettes, and subsequently released albums on three gut… read more related tags 	folk 	indie 	canadian 	singer-songwriter 	soundtrack add tagsview all tags similar to 	 darren korb 	 danny baranowsky 	 nervous_testpilot view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 and we got older(bonus track) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the light in us all 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 lone star 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dark flute 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 you, me & gravity 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 aspect imaginarium 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the prettiest weed 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the ballad of the space babies 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 theories of an eager heart 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 with friendship & peace 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 sword & sworcery lp: the ballad of the space babies , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 now, more than ever , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 indie game: the movie soundtrack , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 you, me & gravity: the music of planet coaster , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday 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facebook (jimguthriemusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.jimguthrie.org 	 twitter (@jampants) 	 facebook (jimguthriemusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 darren korb , listeners 	 danny baranowsky , listeners 	 nervous_testpilot , listeners 	 kyle gabler , listeners 	 scntfc , listeners 	 chris christodoulou , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close biosphere music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. biosphere play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release tales from the flowers - ep may play album 	 popular this week poa alpina listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in the sombre sweep of his music. his songs evoke the endless expanse of the arctic. satellites, dropsondes and nuclear power plants have been among the themes on jenssen's conceptual albums, revealing a preoccupation with technology and how it interacts with the natural world. some tracks are freely downloadable on biosphere's website. . a lo-fi hip hop/beats producer from toronto. biosph… read more biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in the sombre sweep of his music. his songs evoke the endless expanse of the arctic. satellites, dropsondes … read more biosphere is the main recording name of geir jenssen (born in tromsø, norway). his expertise spans from instruments to hardware and obscure software. jenssen's signature lies in the sombre sweep of his music. his songs evoke the endless expanse of the arctic. satellites, dropsondes and nuclear power plants have been among the themes on jenssen's co… read more related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	experimental 	chillout 	deepspaceone add tagsview all tags similar to 	 the higher intelligence agency & biosphere 	 loscil 	 gas view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 poa alpina 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 strangers 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 angel's flight 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dissolving clouds 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 a simple bunny girl 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 kobresia 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 chukhung 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 oi- 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 black mesa 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the sakuras will cry for you 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 substrata , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 n-plants , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 microgravity , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 patashnik , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is 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events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@_biosphere_) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 	 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, 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@_biosphere_) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 the higher intelligence agency & biosphere , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 gas , listeners 	 global communication , listeners 	 deathprod , listeners 	 steve roach , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close brendon anderegg music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. brendon anderegg play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release june june play album 	 popular this week june pt. listeners photo 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki member of mountains. makes pretty singer/songwriter stuff. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	folk 	acoustic 	experimental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 golden retriever 	 koen holtkamp 	 greg davis view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 june pt. 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 june listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 falling air listeners · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 when rectangles roll under cities listener · track play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 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november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image external links 	 brendonanderegg.com don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday 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	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image external links 	 brendonanderegg.com similar artists play all 	 golden retriever , listeners 	 koen holtkamp , listeners 	 greg davis , listeners 	 a broken consort , listeners 	 forma , listeners 	 ipek gorgun , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close josh alexander music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube 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you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki related tags add tags similar to 	 snorri hallgrímsson 	 jesse woolston 	 jameson nathan jones view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dusk 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 murmur 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 canter 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 elan 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 an apology 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 on arrival 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 cirrus 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 suspended 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 backwoods 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 winter garden 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 hiraeth listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 dusk listeners oct · track play album buy 	loading 	 dusk - single listeners oct · track play album buy 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last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close halftribe music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. halftribe play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release archipelago march play album 	 popular this week swimmimg off that sombre shore listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki ryan bissett, electronic music producer & dj born in northern ireland, residing in manchester, uk. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	idm 	downtempo 	electronic 	england add tagsview all tags similar to 	 robert farrugia 	 sinerider 	 hotel neon view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 swimmimg off that sombre shore 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 for the summer, 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	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close nebe — blochemy | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. blochemy nebe more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	electronic 	idm 	ambient 	experimental 	glitch add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: 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http://soundcloud.com/blochemy view wiki blochemy is the ambiental/idm music project from ostrava, czech republic. http://soundcloud.com/blochemy view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 arkanau listeners 	 nuanÆ listeners 	 enabl.ed , listeners 	 jérôme chassagnard , listeners 	 nearfield , listeners 	 keiss , listeners 	 glanko listeners 	 alice is lost™ listeners 	 huron , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 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attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close caught in the wake forever music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. caught in the wake forever play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release waypoints june play album 	 popular this week durham listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead singer of paisley based miserablist’s small town boredom. at the beginning of he began working on several instrumental pieces blending a more electronic approach with his already established lo-fi acoustic aesthetics. these new tunes are characterised mainly by the use of rhodes piano & classical guitar surrounded by the subtle warmth of electronics, string machines & dictaphone field re… read more caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead singer of paisley based miserablist’s small town boredom. at the beginning of he began working on seve… read more caught in the wake forever is the solo project of musician & home recording artist fraser mcgowan. having previously released work on london label «the remains of my estate» as lead singer of paisley based miserablist’s small town boredom. at the beginning of he began working on several instrumental pieces blending a more electronic approach with his alr… read more related tags 	ambient 	acoustic 	idm 	electronic 	piano add tagsview all tags similar to 	 lowered 	 simon bainton 	 ithaca trio view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 your absent breath 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 durham 	 buy 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listeners 	 jonatan nästesjö listeners 	 spheruleus , listeners 	 moss covered technology listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close max richter music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. max richter play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release voices july play album 	 popular this week on the nature of daylight , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 march (age ) 	born in 	hamelin, niedersachsen, germany max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early s. richter is classically trained, having graduated in composition from the royal academy of music and studied with luciano berio in italy. richter is known for his prolific output: composing and recording his own music; writing for stage, opera, ballet and screen; producing and collaborating on the records of others; and collaborating with performanc… read more max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early s. richter is classically trained, having graduated in co… read more max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early s. richter is classically trained, having graduated in composition from the royal academy of music and studied with luciano berio… read more related tags 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	classical 	piano add tagsview all tags similar to 	 jóhann jóhannsson 	 Ólafur arnalds 	 nils frahm view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 on the nature of daylight 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the departure 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 recomposed by max richter: vivaldi, the four seasons: spring 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dream (before the wind blows it all away) - pt. 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 a catalogue of afternoons 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 written on the sky 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 vladimir's blues 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 family circles 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 only questions 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 to the stars - from "ad astra" soundtrack 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 the blue notebooks , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 memoryhouse , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the leftovers (music from the hbo® series) season , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 songs from before , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? 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december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.maxrichtermusic.com 	 twitter (@maxrichtermusic) 	 facebook (maxrichtermusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday 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people — chicano batman | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. chicano batman invisible people play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	rock 	psychedelic 	psychedelic rock 	latin 	usa add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 color my life 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 blank slate 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 i know it 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 invisible people 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 manuel's story 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 moment of joy 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 pink elephant 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 polymetronomic harmony 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the way 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the prophet 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 bella 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 wounds 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 raw honey drugdealer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 innerspeaker tame impala , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 double youth helado negro , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dream girls moses gunn collective , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 corsicana lemonade white denim , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 quantum leap dumbo gets mad , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 masana temples kikagaku moyo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 foam divino niño , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 man it feels like space again pond , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 re café tacvba , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the cart ceramic animal , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sugar candy mountain , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 raw honey drugdealer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 innerspeaker tame impala , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 double youth helado negro , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dream girls moses gunn collective , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 corsicana lemonade white denim , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 quantum leap dumbo gets mad , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 masana temples kikagaku moyo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 foam divino niño , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 man it feels like space again pond , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 re café tacvba , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the cart ceramic animal , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sugar candy mountain , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 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thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 chicanobatman.com 	 twitter (@chicanobatman) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more chicano batman , listeners related tags 	rock 	psychedelic 	psychedelic rock originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a broad range of s and s influences. oliver wang describes their music as "a mesh of brazilian bossa nova and samba with spacey psychedelia with slow jam soul with surf rock cumbia." view wiki originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a … read more originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a broad range of s and s influences. oliver … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 the growlers , listeners 	 post animal , listeners 	 chaz bundick meets the mattson , listeners 	 khruangbin , listeners 	 dumbo gets mad , listeners 	 moses gunn collective , listeners 	 allah-las , listeners 	 mild high club , listeners 	 tame impala , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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photos 	 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 lightbath , listeners 	 amulets , listeners 	 r beny , listeners 	 black brunswicker , listeners 	 kilchhofer , listeners 	 steve pacheco listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close flying lotus music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. flying lotus play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release flamagra instrumentals may play album 	 popular this week never catch me , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 october (age ) 	born in 	los angeles, los angeles county, california, united states los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus, often abbreviated to flylo, is the founder and leader of the brainfeeder collective, which includes such artists as samiyam, teebs and daedelus. he is also often seen as being at the forefront of the new wave of beatmakers and musicians who fuse idm and electronica with hip-hop and trip-hop. flying lotus released his first album, on plug research records in . his june release, los … read more los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus, often abbreviated to flylo, is the founder and leader of the brainfeeder collective, which includes suc… read more los angeles resident steven ellison, better known as flying lotus, is a producer of electronic music and hip-hop beats, known for his abstract and sometimes jazz-tinted style. flying lotus, often abbreviated to flylo, is the founder and leader of the brainfeeder collective, which includes such artists as samiyam, teebs and daedelus. he is also often seen as being… read more related tags 	electronic 	experimental 	hip-hop 	instrumental hip-hop 	idm add tagsview all tags similar to 	 thundercat 	 teebs 	 j dilla view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 never catch me 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 black balloons reprise 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 black balloons reprise - instrumental 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 do the astral plane 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 more 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 zodiac shit 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 massage situation 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 mmmhmm 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 clock catcher 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 pickled! 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 cosmogramma , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 los angeles , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 you're dead! , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 flying-lotus.com 	 twitter (@flyinglotus) 	 facebook (flyinglotus) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 flying-lotus.com 	 twitter (@flyinglotus) 	 facebook (flyinglotus) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 thundercat , listeners 	 teebs , listeners 	 j dilla , listeners 	 mndsgn , listeners 	 knxwledge , listeners 	 aphex twin , , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close library tapes music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. library tapes play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release the quiet city august play album 	 popular this week brighter lights listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists library tapes was formed in by david wenngren and per jardsell. they did two albums together for the resonant label before per quit the band in . in david released ”höstluft”, an album consisting of solo piano and field recordings on make mine music and in the same year he started working together with danny norbury and peter broderick. danny played cello and saw on ”sketches” and ”a summer beneath the trees” while peter played many different instruments on”a summer beneath the trees” and on the ”fragment” ep that was released in by kning disk. in david relea… read more library tapes was formed in by david wenngren and per jardsell. they did two albums together for the resonant label before per quit the band in . in david released ”höstluft”, an album consisting of solo piano and field recordings on make mine music and in the same year he start… read more library tapes was formed in by david wenngren and per jardsell. they did two albums together for the resonant label before per quit the band in . in david released ”höstluft”, an album consisting of solo piano and field recordings on make mine music and in the same year he started working together with danny norbury and peter broderick. danny played… read more related tags 	ambient 	piano 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	experimental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 greg haines 	 olan mill 	 goldmund view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 brighter lights 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 entering 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 entering (reprise) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 from an open window 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 fields 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sun peeking through 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 pieces of us were left on the tracks... 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 variation ii 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 end of the summer 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the sound of emptiness (part ) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 fragment , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 feelings for something lost , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 keys , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 sketches , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 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december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 librarytapes.com 	 facebook (librarytapes) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 librarytapes.com 	 facebook (librarytapes) similar artists play all 	 greg haines , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 goldmund , listeners 	 keith kenniff , listeners 	 ryan teague , listeners 	 brambles , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close gersey music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. gersey play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release what you kill may play album 	 popular this week crashing listeners play album skip to youtube video photo 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	melbourne, victoria, australia gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (drums) and drew pearse (keyboards). the band are among a number of australian indie-rock bands formed in the mid-late s who are influenced by shoegaze movement of the early s, including gaslight radio, sounds like sunset and ides of space. the band began their recording careers with the rare ep "bewilderment is a blessing" ( ). since then they have released three full length albums… read more gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (drums) and drew pearse (keyboards). the band are among a number of australian indie-rock bands formed in … read more gersey is an australian rock band based in melbourne, which formed in . the band is comprised of craig jackson (vocals, bass), daryl bradie (guitar), matt davis (guitar), danny tulen (drums) and drew pearse (keyboards). the band are among a number of australian indie-rock bands formed in the mid-late s who are influenced by shoegaze movement of the early … read more related tags 	indie 	melbourne 	australian 	lack of sleep but its alright 	where the lights touch the earth add tagsview all tags similar to 	 deloris 	 machine translations 	 saab view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 crashing 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 it means nothing 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 being at your station 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 a day to be certain 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 endlessness 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 gallantry & grace 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 searchlights 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 then there's sirens ii 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 there are things that you and i can never be 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 curtaincall 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 storms dressed as stars listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 what you kill listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 hope springs listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 no satellites listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday 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events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 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youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. porya hatami play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release kani + remixes july play album 	 popular this week fen listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 (age ) porya hatami (b. ) is an experimental sound artist based in sanandaj, iran. working in the field of ambient/minimal. his compositions explore the balance between electronics and environmental sounds, utilizing processed acoustic and electronic sources and field recording. his first album, 'land', was released on somehow recordings http://poryahatami.com/ bandcamp soundcloud twitter view wiki porya hatami (b. ) is an experimental sound artist based in sanandaj, iran. working in the field of ambient/minimal. his compositions explore the balance between electronics and environmental sounds, utilizing processed acoustic and electronic sources and field recording. his first album, … read more porya hatami (b. ) is an experimental sound artist based in sanandaj, iran. working in the field of ambient/minimal. his compositions explore the balance between electronics and environmental sounds, utilizing processed acoustic and electronic sources and field recording. his first album, 'land', was released on somehow recordings http://poryahatami.… read more related tags 	ambient 	microsound 	minimal 	noise 	experimental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 pjusk 	 ex confusion 	 kwajbasket view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 fen 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 kani (day) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 pomegranates 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 after the rain 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 rain 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 river 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sea 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 baun 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 ladybug 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 firefly 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 phone to logos , listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 kani , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 shallow , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 monads , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 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saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 www.poryahatami.com 	 twitter (@poryahatami) 	 facebook (porya.hatami) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 www.poryahatami.com 	 twitter (@poryahatami) 	 facebook (porya.hatami) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 pjusk , listeners 	 ex confusion , listeners 	 kwajbasket , listeners 	 pausal , listeners 	 oren ambarchi , listeners 	 hakobune , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my 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everything running smoothly, please reload the site. christina vantzou no. play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	deepspaceone 	robertitus coleccion 	played 	ambient 	contemporary classical add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 valley drone 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 laurie spiegel 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as 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ruth , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 no. christina vantzou , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 metal aether lea bertucci , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a fragile geography rafael anton irisarri , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 melancholia william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pine olan mill , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 endless falls loscil , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 grafts kara-lis coverdale , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow vessels ian william craig , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.christinavantzou.com 	 facebook (christinavantzou) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more christina vantzou , listeners related tags 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	cello in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead texan with her partner adam wiltzie and eventually creating her own solo audiovisual project. the dead texan toured extensively in - and in christina was commissioned to make animations and play onstage with sparklehorse. in the meantime commissions for videos also developed into collaborations with christopher willits, fovea hex, tokion magazine, interpol, and mtv netherlands. christina… read more in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead tex… read more in the last decade christina vantzou has gone from an art student playing around with motion graphics and animations to designing projections for touring musicians, co-founding the dead texan with her partner adam wiltzie and eventuall… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 olan mill , listeners 	 sarah davachi , listeners 	 rafael anton irisarri , listeners 	 kyle bobby dunn , listeners 	 brian mcbride , listeners 	 klara lewis , listeners 	 lawrence english , listeners 	 the dead texan , listeners 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.christinavantzou.com 	 facebook (christinavantzou) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close eyes to the height — james murray | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. james murray eyes to the height play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	chillout 	downtempo 	ambient chillout 	psybient add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 the black and the grey 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 holloways 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 what can be done 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 particles, pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 eyes to the height 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 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tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.jamesmurray.info 	 facebook (jamesmurray.info) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more james murray , listeners related tags 	ambient 	downtempo 	chillout james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective aesthetic. the critically acclaimed where edges meet was released by ultimae records in and followed in by floods and by the land bridge, both on his own independent imprint slowcraft records. view wiki james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective… read more james murray is a london-based composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist. his productions combine delicate sound design with manipulated acoustic recordings and tend towards a reflective aesthetic. the critically acclaimed where edg… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 circular , listeners 	 hybrid leisureland , listeners 	 aes dana , listeners 	 cell , listeners 	 miktek , listeners 	 i awake , listeners 	 martin nonstatic , listeners 	 h.u.v.a. network , listeners 	 connect.ohm , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 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	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. jim guthrie below ost - volume iii more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading do you have the artwork for this album? add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 february do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	folk 	indie 	canadian 	singer-songwriter 	soundtrack add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 black chrysalis 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 a presence 	 	 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	loading 	 music for code nervous_testpilot , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 now, more than ever jim guthrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 super meat boy! soundtrack db soundworks , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rings in rings in rings a shell in the pit , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 assassin's creed (original game soundtrack) jesper kyd , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 infiniheart chad vangaalen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aquaria: original soundtrack alec holowka , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the sunset tree the mountain goats , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 undertale サウンドトラック toby fox , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 minit (original soundtrack) jukio kallio , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pyre (original soundtrack) darren korb , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 has a good home final fantasy , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 music for code nervous_testpilot , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 now, more than ever jim guthrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 super meat boy! soundtrack db soundworks , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rings in rings in rings a shell in the pit , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 assassin's creed (original game soundtrack) jesper kyd , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 infiniheart chad vangaalen , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aquaria: original soundtrack alec holowka , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the sunset tree the mountain goats , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 undertale サウンドトラック toby fox , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 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sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.jimguthrie.org 	 twitter (@jampants) 	 facebook (jimguthriemusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more jim guthrie , listeners related tags 	folk 	indie 	canadian jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. guthrie first made a name for himself by releasing a series of self-produced cassettes, and subsequently released albums on three gut records. he was nominated for a juno award for his album now, more than ever. his song "hands in my pocket" appeared in a television commercial for capital one's canadian branch in . view wiki jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelp… read more jim guthrie is a canadian singer-songwriter. he used to be in the band royal city until they disbanded in . he also worked with islands on return to sea. he was born and raised in guelph, ontario and currently lives in toronto. gut… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 darren korb , listeners 	 danny baranowsky , listeners 	 nervous_testpilot , listeners 	 kyle gabler , listeners 	 scntfc , listeners 	 chris christodoulou , listeners 	 eirik suhrke , listeners 	 alec holowka , listeners 	 jonathan coulton , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.jimguthrie.org 	 twitter (@jampants) 	 facebook (jimguthriemusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close chicano batman music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. chicano batman play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 latest release invisible people april play album 	 popular this week black lipstick listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	los angeles, los angeles county, california, united states originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a broad range of s and s influences. oliver wang describes their music as "a mesh of brazilian bossa nova and samba with spacey psychedelia with slow jam soul with surf rock cumbia." view wiki originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a broad range of s and s influences. oliver wang describes their music as "a mesh of brazilian bo… read more originally the trio of bardo martinez, eduardo arenas and gabriel villa and now a quartet with carlos arévalo, chicano batman themselves as ethnomusicologists and say that they draw upon a broad range of s and s influences. oliver wang describes their music as "a mesh of brazilian bossa nova and samba with spacey psychedelia with slow jam soul with surf … read more related tags 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friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images ian nyquist listeners related tags 	ambient 	experimental 	dark ambient do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 ben rath listeners 	 bill seaman listeners 	 leigh toro listeners 	 cicely irvine listeners 	 daniel w j mackenzie listeners 	 aries mond listeners 	 aaron martin , listeners 	 vittorio guindani listeners 	 dramavinile listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 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last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close chihei hatakeyama music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. chihei hatakeyama play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release void xxi july play album 	 popular this week door to the cosmos listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 (age ) 	born in 	fujisawa, kanagawa, japan chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars, pianos, and vibraphones on a laptop. the result is a mix of droning chords and sparse single instruments rising above the mix. his music may be classified as either post-ambient experimental music or new-age music. chihei hatakeyama has released over albums as of . he released his first full-length album, minima moralia on kranky in hatakeyama's debut us album is a meditation on … read more chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars, pianos, and vibraphones on a laptop. the result is a mix of droning chords and sparse single instrument… read more chihei hatakeyama (畠山地平), born in ) is an electronic music artist from tokyo, japan. hatakeyama's music is characteristically very slow, composed by repeatedly processing guitars, pianos, and vibraphones on a laptop. the result is a mix of droning chords and sparse single instruments rising above the mix. his music may be classified as either post-ambie… read more related tags 	ambient 	minimal 	japanese 	electronic 	drone add tagsview all tags similar to 	 subatomic dreams 	 one second old 	 argentus view all artists top tracks play all 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wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 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	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.chihei.org 	 twitter (@chi_hatakeyama_) 	 facebook (chihei-hatakeyama- ) similar artists play all 	 subatomic dreams , listeners 	 one second old , listeners 	 argentus , listeners 	 holy hydrogen , listeners 	 lanfranco spadaro , listeners 	 hakobune , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close deradoorian music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. deradoorian play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release mask of yesterday august play album 	 popular this week the illuminator listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 july (age ) 	born in 	los angeles, los angeles county, california, united states angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is available through insound. according to her myspace page (http://www.myspace.com/angelderadoorian): "i'm trying something new. still using garageband. sounds better in headphones. bands i play in: dirty projectors, secret surprise and the latter day saints, inlets, mature women, fleetwood mac." concerning her new record: "i have finished recording my first real recording of mus… read more angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is available through insound. according to her myspace page (http://www.myspace.com/angelderadoorian): &quo… read more angel deradoorian is mostly known for her role in the dirty projectors. her first solo recording entitled "mind raft ep" was released on / / by lovepump united records. it is available through insound. according to her myspace page (http://www.myspace.com/angelderadoorian): "i'm trying something new. still using garageband. sounds better i… read more related tags 	psychedelic 	lo-fi 	female vocalists 	alternative 	indie rock add tagsview all tags similar to 	 dehd 	 will butler 	 woods view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 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when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 may 	 	 deradoorian 	 badaboum, paris, france 	 interested 	 jun 	 	 deradoorian 	 underdogs', praha, czech republic 	 going 	 jun 	 	 deradoorian 	 merleyn, nijmegen, netherlands 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@deradoorian) 	 facebook (deradoorian) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 may 	 	 deradoorian 	 badaboum, paris, france 	 interested 	 jun 	 	 deradoorian 	 underdogs', praha, czech republic 	 going 	 jun 	 	 deradoorian 	 merleyn, nijmegen, netherlands 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 twitter (@deradoorian) 	 facebook (deradoorian) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 dehd , listeners 	 will butler , listeners 	 woods , listeners 	 nadine shah , listeners 	 panda bear , listeners 	 no joy , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close james elkington and nathan salsburg music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your 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artists top tracks play all sorted by: all time 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 up of stairs 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 reel around the fountain 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 great big god of hands 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 invention # 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 dim recollection 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the narrowing of grey park 	 buy 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november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image external links 	 facebook (ciroberenguermusic) similar artists play all 	 ben rath listeners 	 arovane & mike lazarev listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners 	 moss covered technology listeners 	 the prairie lines listeners 	 andrew tasselmyer listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close sensorimotor — lusine | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. lusine sensorimotor play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march released rd march . since , the acclaimed output of texas-raised/seattle-based producer jeff mcilwain has spanned techno, ambient, and electro-pop releases, as well as film scores. consistent across all is a combined sense of fearless curiosity and considered restraint. sensorimotor, his new full-length with longtime label ghostly international, finds the artist not only crossing genre but approach—instructions and instinct, digital and analog, vocal collaboration and minimalist atmosphere—exploring the dynamic between the brain’s perceptions and the body’s actions. pulsing… read more released rd march . since , the acclaimed output of texas-raised/seattle-based producer jeff mcilwain has spanned techno, ambient, and elect… read more released rd march . since , the acclaimed output of texas-raised/seattle-based producer jeff mcilwain has spanned techno, ambient, and electro-pop releases, as well as film scor… read more related tags 	electronica 	dance 	idm 	 	james-joul - albums add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 canopy 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 ticking hands 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 slow motion 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 just a cloud 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the level 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this 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listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 a strangely isolated place ulrich schnauss , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 where do we float from here? ruxpin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 full circle shigeto , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 body riddle clark , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 captured from static northcape , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 myam james part kettel , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a midsummer nice dream ochre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ex-aquarium kelpe , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 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november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.lusineweb.com 	 facebook (lusine.official) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more lusine , listeners related tags 	idm 	electronic 	ambient jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living in la and put out his self titled debut on scott's imprint, isophlux. he relocated to seattle in late and began steadily releasing his music on ghostly international. mcilwain has also contributed tracks to various compilations and remix releases on mute, !k , kompakt, asthmatic kitty, and shitkatapult. in , he released the album, "a certain distance", which featured the sin… read more jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living i… read more jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living in la and put out his self titled debut on scot… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 lusine icl , listeners 	 arovane , listeners 	 shigeto , listeners 	 kiln , listeners 	 ochre , listeners 	 proem , listeners 	 kelpe , listeners 	 telefon tel aviv , listeners 	 kettel , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and 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november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.lusineweb.com 	 facebook (lusine.official) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close captain of none (bonus track version) — colleen | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. colleen captain of none (bonus track version) play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles , play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	robertitus coleccion 	cinematic 	post-minimalism 	experimental pop 	thrill jockey add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 holding horses 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 i'm kin 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 this hammer breaks 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 salina stars 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 lighthouse 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 soul alphabet 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 eclipse 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 captain of none 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 i'm kin version (bonus track) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 captain of dub (bonus track) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 minima moralia chihei hatakeyama , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for the broken hearted windy & carl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 forse alessandro cortini , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 introspection (edit) laraaji , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hand in hand felicia atkinson , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 grinning cat susumu yokota , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 marijn machinefabriek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a year with moons jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aun fennesz , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 will julianna barwick , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 lowlands taylor deupree , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ruins grouper , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 minima moralia chihei hatakeyama , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for the broken hearted windy & carl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 forse alessandro cortini , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 introspection (edit) laraaji , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 hand in hand felicia atkinson , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 grinning cat susumu yokota , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 marijn machinefabriek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a year with moons jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aun fennesz , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 will julianna barwick , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 lowlands taylor deupree , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ruins grouper , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 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	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 colleenplays.org 	 facebook (colleenplays) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more colleen , listeners related tags 	ambient 	experimental 	electronic cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples were a common part of her early work and in summer the debut album everyone alive wants answers was released. it was notable for its heavy use of looped samples, which were taken from records in her collection and heavily modified. the album was critically well-received and drew enough attention to warrant touring. during live shows, schott would replicate the sounds from the album using acou… read more cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples … read more cécile schott was born in france and began making music under the name colleen in , after a friend gave her a cd-r with the acid pro music production software contained within. samples were a common part of her early work and in su… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 susumu yokota , listeners 	 grouper , listeners 	 christina vantzou , listeners 	 fennesz , listeners 	 kaitlyn aurelia smith , listeners 	 william basinski , listeners 	 julianna barwick , listeners 	 the dead texan , listeners 	 richard skelton , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 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	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday 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italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close ambsace — james elkington and nathan salsburg | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. james elkington and nathan salsburg ambsace play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading do you have the artwork for this album? add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	folk 	americana 	blues 	guitar 	instrumental add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 up of stairs 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 invention # 	 james elkington & nathan salsburg 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 dim recollection 	 james elkington & nathan salsburg 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the narrowing of grey park 	 james elkington & nathan salsburg 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the unhaunted williams 	 james elkington & nathan salsburg 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 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september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 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required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist do you have any photos of this artist? add an image james elkington and nathan salsburg listeners related tags add tags do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 julian lage chris eldridge listeners 	 the frisbys listeners 	 sonny terry brownie mcghee listeners 	 woodkid nils frahm , listeners 	 nathan bowles , listeners 	 tamar halperin , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds nils frahm , listeners 	 damian montagu , listeners 	 pete yorn scarlett johansson , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 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november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close fading frontier — deerhunter | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. deerhunter fading frontier play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october in december , bradford cox was involved in a car crash which left him "seriously injured, but also provided a perspective-giving jolt". prior to the release of fading frontier, cox stated that the accident "erased all illusions" and admitted that it was a definite turning point for him. fading frontier is deerhunter's and cox's first release since the accident. this album saw the departure of frankie broyles, who left the band in to focus on his solo career. view wiki in december , bradford cox was involved in a car crash which left him "seriously injured, but also provided a perspective-giving jolt".… read more in december , bradford cox was involved in a car crash which left him "seriously injured, but also provided a perspective-giving jolt". prior to the release of fading front… read more related tags 	 	dream pop 	indie rock 	best of 	bagel add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 all the same 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 living my life 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 breaker 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 duplex planet 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 take care 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 leather and wood 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 snakeskin 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 ad astra 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 carrion 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 oshin diiv , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spooky action at a distance lotus plaza , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 brighten the corners pavement , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hidden lands candy claws , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 everything in between no age , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mature themes ariel pink's haunted graffiti , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 destroyer's rubies destroyer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 logos atlas sound , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 public strain women , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 yellow house grizzly bear , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the noise made by people broadcast , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dedicated to bobby jameson ariel pink , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 oshin diiv , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 spooky action at a distance lotus plaza , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 brighten the corners pavement , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hidden lands candy claws , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 everything in between no age , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mature themes ariel pink's haunted graffiti , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 destroyer's rubies destroyer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 logos atlas sound , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 public strain women , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 yellow house grizzly bear , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the noise made by people broadcast , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dedicated to bobby jameson ariel pink , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 deerhuntermusic.com 	 facebook (deerhuntermusicgroup) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more deerhunter , listeners related tags 	shoegaze 	experimental 	indie deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, vocals). the group began with the ambition of fusing the lulling hypnotic states induced by ambient and minimalist music with the klang and propulsion of garage rock. the band has weathered chaotic line-up changes and the death of a member. cryptograms was the second full-length offering from deerhunter, and their first for kranky. the album took almost t… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guit… read more deerhunter is a band which formed in in atlanta, georgia, united states. the band consists of bradford cox (vocals, guitar, piano), moses archuleta (drums, synths), lockett pundt (guitar, organ, vocals), and josh mckay (bass, voca… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 atlas sound , listeners 	 lotus plaza , listeners 	 panda bear , listeners 	 animal collective , , listeners 	 grizzly bear , , listeners 	 diiv , listeners 	 women , listeners 	 no age , listeners 	 real estate , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close context — hotel neon | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. hotel neon context play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	ambient electronic 	 	drone 	depressing add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 : am (feat. hakobune) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 : am 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 backwater revisited halftribe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nesteda alex bober listeners play album buy 	loading 	 loss marcus fischer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 weightless anthéne listeners play album buy 	loading 	 underwater paradise gallery six listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parallel warmth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 material forces gray acres listeners play album buy 	loading 	 shadow on the lawn hakobune , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stratus (remodel) svlbrd listeners play album buy 	loading 	 diminished composition willamette , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ways of meaning kyle bobby dunn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hotel neon hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 backwater revisited halftribe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nesteda alex bober listeners play album buy 	loading 	 loss marcus fischer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 weightless anthéne listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 underwater paradise gallery six listeners play album buy 	loading 	 parallel warmth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 material forces gray acres listeners play album buy 	loading 	 shadow on the lawn hakobune , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stratus (remodel) svlbrd listeners play album buy 	loading 	 diminished composition willamette , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ways of meaning kyle bobby dunn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hotel neon hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 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to shout page about this artist artist images more hotel neon , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone ambient project consisting of twin brothers michael and andrew tasselmyer and steven kemner. they focus on creating delicate ambient drone tracks. view wiki ambient project consisting of twin brothers michael and andrew tasselmyer and steven kemner. they focus on creating delicate ambient drone tracks. view wiki ambient project consisting of twin brothers michael and andrew tasselmyer and steven kemner. they focus on creating delicate ambient drone tracks. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 warmth , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 gray acres listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 svlbrd , listeners 	 ian hawgood , listeners 	 halftribe , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 hotelneonmusic.com 	 twitter (@hotelneonmusic) 	 facebook (hotelneonmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close lusine music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. lusine play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 latest release retrace ep july play album 	 popular this week just a cloud listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born in 	dallas, dallas county, texas, united states jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living in la and put out his self titled debut on scott's imprint, isophlux. he relocated to seattle in late and began steadily releasing his music on ghostly international. mcilwain has also contributed tracks to various compilations and remix releases on mute, !k , kompakt, asthmatic kitty, and shitkatapult. in , he released the album, "a certain distance", which featured the sin… read more jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living in la and put out his self titled debut on scott's imprint, isophlux. he relocated to seattle in lat… read more jeff mcilwain has been producing his visceral, melodic strain of abstract electronic music as lusine for over years now. originally a texas native, mcilwain met shad scott while living in la and put out his self titled debut on scott's imprint, isophlux. he relocated to seattle in late and began steadily releasing his music on ghostly international. … read more related tags 	idm 	electronic 	ambient 	minimal 	lush add tagsview all tags similar to 	 lusine icl 	 arovane 	 shigeto view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 just a cloud 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 arterial 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 two dots 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 witness 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 ticking hands 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 gravity 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 retrace 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 panoramic 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 february 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 operation costs 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 a certain distance , listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 serial hodgepodge , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 sensorimotor , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the waiting room , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 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america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close yellow beach — rhucle | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. rhucle yellow beach more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	new age 	drone 	japanese add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wading birds 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 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album buy 	loading 	 slow morning robert farrugia , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 lasted benoît pioulard , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 memory module halftribe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dawning luchs , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 home warmth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ellipsis argentus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 red carpet in mars one second old listeners play album buy 	loading 	 after dark forest management , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 音は光る (the sound is shining) michiru aoyama , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday 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november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 rhucle.com 	 twitter (@rhucle) 	 facebook (rhucle) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more rhucle , listeners related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	new age ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 fovea hex , listeners 	 holy hydrogen , listeners 	 subatomic dreams , listeners 	 argentus , listeners 	 one second old , listeners 	 hakobune , listeners 	 billow observatory , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 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user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust — rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman - movements of dust more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading hmm, it looks like we don’t know much about this album. can you help us out? 	 add artwork 	 start the wiki 	 tag this album do you have the artwork for this album? add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki do you know what kind of music this is? tag this album similar albums 	 slow walking moss covered technology listeners play album buy 	loading 	 broken landscapes gareth davis & merzbow listeners play album buy 	loading 	 echo's verse r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vagnhallen trio ramberget listeners play album buy 	loading 	 changing structures michel banabila listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ancient lights david newlyn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dons lärmschutz listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the flower and the vessel félicia atkinson listeners play album buy 	loading 	 qonrad modelbau listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a seasons past hirotaka shirotsubaki listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ranonkel machinefabriek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mizukagami hakobune , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow walking moss covered technology listeners play album buy 	loading 	 broken landscapes gareth davis & merzbow listeners play album buy 	loading 	 echo's verse r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vagnhallen trio ramberget listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 changing structures michel banabila listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ancient lights david newlyn , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dons lärmschutz listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the flower and the vessel félicia atkinson listeners play album buy 	loading 	 qonrad modelbau listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a seasons past hirotaka shirotsubaki listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ranonkel machinefabriek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 mizukagami hakobune , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 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now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist do you have any photos of this artist? add an image rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman listeners related tags add tags do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 lärmschutz listeners 	 edu comelles listeners 	 tori kudo listeners 	 moss covered technology listeners 	 machinefabriek , listeners 	 modelbau listeners 	 aidan baker x lärmschutz listeners 	 trio ramberget listeners 	 caroline shaw & attacca quartet listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 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wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close mixing colours — roger eno | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. roger eno mixing colours more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	new age 	ethereal 	atmospheric 	earwaves add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 memoryhouse max richter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rainforest robert rich , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cobalt blue michael brook , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 last night the moon came dropping its clothes in the street jon hassell , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 themes vangelis , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 gone to earth david sylvian , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 carousel robin guthrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 blue sky, red guitars erik wøllo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 no pussyfooting fripp & eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 celestial music - laraaji , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 another green world brian eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 at the dam mary lattimore , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 memoryhouse max richter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rainforest robert rich , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cobalt blue michael brook , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 last night the moon came dropping its clothes in the street jon hassell , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 themes vangelis , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 gone to earth david sylvian , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 carousel robin guthrie , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 blue sky, red guitars erik wøllo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 no pussyfooting fripp & eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 celestial music - laraaji , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 another green world brian eno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 at the dam mary lattimore , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more roger eno , listeners related tags 	ambient 	new age 	ethereal roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to study music. on graduating and after a period of busking in london he returned to colchester to run a music therapy course at a local hospital for the mentally handicapped. his first recording experience was with his brother brian eno and daniel lanois for the album apollo at lanois' grant avenue studios in canada. his first solo album voices appeared shortly afterwards. although mainly regarded… read more roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to stu… read more roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to study music. on graduating and after a period of … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 harold budd , listeners 	 brian eno , , listeners 	 robin guthrie , listeners 	 michael stearns , listeners 	 harold budd/brian eno , listeners 	 jon hassell , listeners 	 patrick o'hearn , listeners 	 steve roach , listeners 	 hans-joachim roedelius , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close specialcollections.txt | the new york public library 	 skip to main content 	 click to learn about accessibility at the library the new york public library 	log in 	nypl locations near me 	open search 	open navigation the new york public library	log in 	locations 	get a library card 	get email updates 	donate 	shop 	books/music/movies 	research 	education 	events 	connect 	give 	get help search get a library cardget email updatesshop nypldonate 	blogs	blog channels 	posts by subject 	about nypl blogs 	blogger profiles 	audio & video 	digital projects 	print publications 	connect with nypl specialcollections.txt exploring the digital space of the special collections division, our work with digitized and born-digital material, and the systems that make this work possible. reflections from the pratt digital preservation & archives fellow at nypl: part by anne boissonnault may , see this follow-up on a semester of detailed research and preservation, a treat for digital archivists and archive enthusiasts. leave a comment reflections from the pratt digital preservation & archives fellow at nypl: part by anne boissonnault march , what goes into being an archivist? here's a look at current projects from a student working across nypl departments and locations. leave a comment implementing archivesspace at nypl: part by alexander duryee january , the archives unit provides an inside look at their implementation of the archivesspace data management system. if you're fascinated by archive and data storage, this post is for you. leave a comment let's start with a box: special collections & object management by mary kidd, special collections operations and systems coordinator july , in an effort to address this issue, key staff of special collections came together to form the object data model group. over a series of months we thought conceptually about what we wanted an ideal system for object management to accomplish.leave a comment understanding file formats by nick krabbenhoeft, head of digital preservation may , trying to come up with a list of all file formats is an endless, seemingly impossible, but ultimately necessary task for all of the staff that works with digital materials at nypl. this series of posts will discuss how we in nypl's special collections understand and use formats.leave a comment implementing archivesspace at nypl: part by alexander duryee march , in , the archives unit at the new york public library began its evaluation of archivesspace. following a rigorous review of the application, we began implementation in earnest in , and started using it in production earlier this year. leave a comment nypl’s new digital archives lab by susan malsbury january , in august, the digital archives program, took an exciting and long-awaited step by moving into our own space. leave a comment   subscribe to nypl blogs rss feeds 	specialcollections.txt 	all nypl blogs 	 	accessibility 	press 	careers 	space rental 	 	privacy policy 	other policies 	terms & conditions 	governance 	 	rules & regulations 	about nypl 	language 	 	 	 	 © the new york public library, the new york public library is a (c)( ) | ein - persona — rival consoles | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. rival consoles persona play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	 	ambient 	idm 	electronic 	experimental add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 unfolding 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 persona 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 memory arc 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 phantom grip 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 be kind 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 i think so 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sun's abandon 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 dreamer's wake 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 untravel 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 rest 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 hidden 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 fragment 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 immunity jon hopkins , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 moderat moderat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hello mom! modeselektor , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fahrenheit fair enough telefon tel aviv , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 orgoned kiasmos , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 everything ecstatic four tet , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wysing forest luke abbott , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rest proof clockwork plaid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the devil's walk apparat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a certain distance lusine , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 compro skee mask , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 compassion forest swords , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 immunity jon hopkins , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 moderat moderat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hello mom! modeselektor , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fahrenheit fair enough telefon tel aviv , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 orgoned kiasmos , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 everything ecstatic four tet , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wysing forest luke abbott , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rest proof clockwork plaid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the devil's walk apparat , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a certain distance lusine , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 compro skee mask , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 compassion forest swords , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 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	 apple music 	 www.rivalconsoles.net 	 twitter (@rivalconsoles) 	 facebook (rivalconsoles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more rival consoles , listeners related tags 	idm 	electronic 	ambient rival consoles is ryan lee west. born on november , in leicester, england, ryan graduated from de montfort university after experimenting with sound production. he made his debut erased tapes records release in with the 'vemeer' ep. 'the decadent' ep would be his first release on the label as rival consoles. in , he featured tracks on the split ' / milo' with label mates kiasmos. 'io', the first full-length release, was rereleased the same year. it was followed by 'kid velo' in , the track 'odyssey' … read more rival consoles is ryan lee west. born on november , in leicester, england, ryan graduated from de montfort university after experimenting with sound production. he made his debut erased… read more rival consoles is ryan lee west. born on november , in leicester, england, ryan graduated from de montfort university after experimenting with sound production. he made his debut erased tapes records release in with the '… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 kiasmos , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners 	 daniel avery , listeners 	 four tet , , listeners 	 apparat , listeners 	 kelpe , listeners 	 clark , listeners 	 ital tek , listeners 	 plaid , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.rivalconsoles.net 	 twitter (@rivalconsoles) 	 facebook (rivalconsoles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close warmth music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. warmth play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release fields iv (dj mix) march play album 	 popular this week no stars tonight listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born in 	valencia, valencia, comunidad valenciana, spain initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using the name for his solo work, abandoning the rjp moniker. steev currently resides in michigan and continues to make sounds that he rarely shares with anyone. view wiki initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using the name for his solo work, abandoning the rjp moniker. steev currently resides in michigan and continu… read more initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using the name for his solo work, abandoning the rjp moniker. steev currently resides in michigan and continues to make sounds that he rarely shares with anyone. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	dub techno 	drone ambient 	deepspaceone add tagsview all tags similar to 	 purl 	 robert farrugia 	 svlbrd view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 no stars tonight 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 breathe 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 aligned 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 isolation 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 roads 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 hivern 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 youth - original mix 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 refracted 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 no stars tonight - warmth's dawn version 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 waves 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 home , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 essay , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 parallel , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 wildlife , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 facebook (warmthx ) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 purl , listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 svlbrd , listeners 	 hotel neon , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close sarah davachi music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? 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upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.sarahdavachi.com 	 facebook (sarahdavachimusic) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 kali malone , listeners 	 lea bertucci , listeners 	 caterina barbieri , listeners 	 christina vantzou , listeners 	 kara-lis coverdale , listeners 	 klara lewis , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the untuning of the sky — sarah davachi | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. sarah davachi the untuning of the sky play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june all tracks composed, performed and recorded by sarah davachi. arp odyssey, buchla , korg ps- , sequential circuits pro-one and serge modular synthesizers / mellotron m / harmonium. recorded between april and september . mastered by andrew weathers, artwork by tilman zitzmann. view wiki all tracks composed, performed and recorded by sarah davachi. arp odyssey, buchla , korg ps- , sequential circuits pro-one and serge modular sy… read more all tracks composed, performed and recorded by sarah davachi. arp odyssey, buchla , korg ps- , sequential circuits pro-one and serge modular synthesizers / mellotron m / harmoni… read more related tags 	canada 	 	ambient 	electronic 	minimalism add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 alms vert 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 spanish banks 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 rainbands 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 brumeux 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 aurum 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 marking time richard skelton , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 grapes from the estate oren ambarchi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wakes on cerulean kassel jaeger , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sirens kara-lis coverdale , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 euclid kaitlyn aurelia smith , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 after its own death / walking in a spiral towards the house nivhek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 no. christina vantzou , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 city lake bing & ruth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 water memory emily a. sprague , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nuuk thomas köner , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love is a stream jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 will julianna barwick , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 marking time richard skelton , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 grapes from the estate oren ambarchi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 wakes on cerulean kassel jaeger , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sirens kara-lis coverdale , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 euclid kaitlyn aurelia smith , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 after its own death / walking in a spiral towards the house nivhek , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 no. christina vantzou , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 city lake bing & ruth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 water memory emily a. sprague , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nuuk thomas köner , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love is a stream jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 will julianna barwick , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more sarah davachi , listeners related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	minimalism sarah davachi (b. , calgary, canada) holds a bachelor's degree in philosophy from the university of calgary, and a master's degree in electronic music and recording media from mills college in oakland, california. as a composer of electronic and electroacoustic music, davachi's compositional projects are primarily concerned with disclosing the antiquated instruments and forgotten sonics of a bygone era in analog synthesis, with concurrent treatment of acoustic sources – particularly organ, piano, strings, and woodwinds – often involving de-familiarization through … read more sarah davachi (b. , calgary, canada) holds a bachelor's degree in philosophy from the university of calgary, and a master's degree in electronic music and recording media from… read more sarah davachi (b. , calgary, canada) holds a bachelor's degree in philosophy from the university of calgary, and a master's degree in electronic music and recording media from mills college in oakland, california. as a co… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 kali malone , listeners 	 lea bertucci , listeners 	 caterina barbieri , listeners 	 christina vantzou , listeners 	 kara-lis coverdale , listeners 	 klara lewis , listeners 	 felicia atkinson , listeners 	 félicia atkinson , listeners 	 sophia loizou , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more white rainbow , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	psychedelic almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised master jams (punctuated with dance-floor rhythms) since the mid-’ s—in collaboration with others in yume bitsu and world, dark yoga, surface of eceon, and solo as [[]] and white rainbow. the music of white rainbow flows through assorted albums on the kranky, states rights records, marriage records and gnar tapes labels. he has recently self-released several albums via his bandcamp digital storefr… read more almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised … read more almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised master jams (punctuated with dance-floor rhyth… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 robin guthrie , listeners 	 harmonia & eno ' , listeners 	 windy & carl , listeners 	 belong , listeners 	 lawrence english , listeners 	 the seven fields of aphelion , listeners 	 christopher willits , listeners 	 from the mouth of the sun , listeners 	 rudy adrian , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? 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'the decadent' ep would be his first release on the label as rival consoles. in , he featured tracks on the split ' / milo' with label mates kiasmos. 'io', the first full-length release, was rereleased the same year. it was followed by 'kid velo' in , the track 'odyssey' … read more rival consoles is ryan lee west. born on november , in leicester, england, ryan graduated from de montfort university after experimenting with sound production. he made his debut erased tapes records release in with the 'vemeer' ep. 'the decadent' ep would be his … read more rival consoles is ryan lee west. born on november , in leicester, england, ryan graduated from de montfort university after experimenting with sound production. he made his debut erased tapes records release in with the 'vemeer' ep. 'the decadent' ep would be his first release on the label as rival consoles. in , he featured tra… read more related tags 	idm 	electronic 	ambient 	experimental 	electro add tagsview all tags similar to 	 kiasmos 	 jon hopkins 	 daniel avery view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 memory arc 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dreamer's wake 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sudden awareness of now 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 vibrations on a string 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 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	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday 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	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events upcoming event 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 jun 	 	 tauron nowa muzyka 	 teren byłej kwk "katowice", katowice, poland 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.rivalconsoles.net 	 twitter (@rivalconsoles) 	 facebook (rivalconsoles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events upcoming event 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 jun 	 	 tauron nowa muzyka 	 teren byłej kwk "katowice", katowice, poland 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.rivalconsoles.net 	 twitter (@rivalconsoles) 	 facebook (rivalconsoles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 kiasmos , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners 	 daniel avery , listeners 	 four tet , , listeners 	 apparat , listeners 	 kelpe , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close wikidata query service/user manual/sparql federation endpoints - mediawiki 	 	 	 	 	wikidata query service/user manual/sparql federation endpoints 	 		from mediawiki.org 		< wikidata query service‎ | user manual 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		translate this page other languages: english • ‎français • ‎italiano • ‎polski • ‎العربية • ‎தமிழ் • ‎ไทย • ‎中文 • ‎日本語 • ‎한국어 we allow sparql federated queries to call out to a selected number of external databases. supported endpoints are: 	url 	owner (docs) 	http://sparql.europeana.eu/ 	europeana 	http://data.cervantesvirtual.com/openrdf-sesame/repositories/data 	biblioteca virtual miguel de cervantes 	 http://datos.bne.es/sparql 	biblioteca nacional de españa 	 https://bnb.data.bl.uk/sparql 	british national bibliography 	http://edan.si.edu/saam/sparql 	smithsonian american art museum 	 https://data.bnf.fr/current/sparql.html 	bibliothèque nationale de france 	http://dbpedia.org/sparql 	dbpedia 	http://vocab.getty.edu/sparql.json 	getty vocabularies 	http://rdf.insee.fr/sparql 	insee 	http://dati.camera.it/sparql 	italian chamber of deputies 	http://nomisma.org/query 	nomisma.org 	http://data.plan all.eu/sparql 	smart points of interest 	http://opendatacommunities.org/sparql 	uk department for communities and local government 	http://statistics.data.gov.uk/sparql 	uk office for national statistics 	https://data.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/datasets/os-linked-data/apis/sparql 	uk ordnance survey 	http://linkeddata.uriburner.com/sparql 	uri burnder 	http://sparql.wikipathways.org/sparql 	wikipathways 	http://tools.wmflabs.org/mw sparql/sparql 	mw sparql 	http://collection.britishart.yale.edu/openrdf-sesame/repositories/ycba 	yale center for british art 	http://linkedgeodata.org/sparql 	linked geodata 	http://sparql.hegroup.org/sparql/ 	obo/ontobee 	http://opencitations.net/sparql 	opencitations 	http://dati.beniculturali.it/sparql 	dati.beniculturali.it 	http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/stw/query 	stw thesaurus for economics 	http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/gnd/query 	experimental gnd 	http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/econ_pers/query 	gnd economists 	http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/econ_corp/query 	gnd economics institutions 	https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/sparql 	mesh sparql endpoint 	http://collection.britishmuseum.org/sparql 	british museum 	http://lod.opentransportdata.swiss/query 	linked open transportdata switzerland 	http://data.bibliotheken.nl/sparql 	koninklijke bibliotheek 	https://data.pdok.nl/sparql 	pdok data platform 	https://lov.linkeddata.es/dataset/lov/sparql 	linked open vocabularies 	https://sparql.uniprot.org/sparql 	the universal protein resource 	https://dati.quirinale.it/sparql 	historical archive of the italian presidency of the republic 	https://ld.stadt-zuerich.ch/query 	open data zürich 	http://data.nobelprize.org/sparql 	nobel prize linked data 	http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/pm /query 	 th century press archives 	http://libris.kb.se/sparql 	libris 	https://api.parliament.uk/sparql 	the uk parliament vocabulary 	https://data.istex.fr/sparql/ 	data istex 	https://data.epo.org/linked-data/query 	european patent office linked open ep data service 	http://agrovoc.uniroma .it: /agrovoc/sparql 	agrovoc 	https://data.niod.nl/poolparty/sparql/wo _thesaurus 	niod institute for war, holocaust and genocide studies 	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/rdf/services/sparql 	european bioinformatics institute 	https://integbio.jp/rdf/ddbj/sparql 	ndbc rdf portal - ddbj 	https://integbio.jp/rdf/kero/sparql 	ndbc rdf portal - dbkero 	https://integbio.jp/rdf/sparql 	ndbc rdf portal 	http://sciencesource-query.wmflabs.org/proxy/wdqs/bigdata/namespace/wdq/sparql 	sciencesource project by contentmine 	https://data.idref.fr/sparql 	idref 	https://sophox.org/sparql 	openstreetmap (sophox) 	https://api.druid.datalegend.net/datasets/nlgis/gemeentegeschiedenis/services/gemeentegeschiedenis/sparql 	gemeentegeschiedenis 	https://data.niod.nl/poolparty/sparql/wo _biografieen 	data.niod.nl 	http://data.muziekschatten.nl/sparql 	muziekschatten 	https://jpsearch.go.jp/rdf/sparql/ 	japan search 	http://rdf.geneontology.org 	http://geneontology.org 	https://slod.fiz-karlsruhe.de/sparql 	linked stage graph 	http://dati.isprambiente.it/sparql 	linked ispra 	https://api.data.pldn.nl/datasets/cbs/wijken-buurten/services/wijken-buurten/sparql 	https://data.pldn.nl/cbs/wijken-buurten 	https://query.wikidata.org/bigdata/namespace/categories/sparql 	wikidata_query_service/categories you can nominate more endpoints at the wikidata federation input page. this sign marks endpoints having federation issues. please see more detailed information on federation issues page. retrieved from "https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=wikidata_query_service/user_manual/sparql_federation_endpoints&oldid= " 		category: 	wikidata query service 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			english 	not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			page 	discussion 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	get mediawiki 	get extensions 	tech blog 	contribute 		 	 	 	 		support 	 	 			user help 	faq 	technical manual 	support desk 	communication 		 	 	 		development 	 	 			bug tracker 	code docs 	code repository 	statistics 		 	 	 		mediawiki.org 	 	 			community portal 	recent changes 	translate content 	random page 	current issues 	sandbox 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	upload file 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 	cite this page 	wikidata item 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			create a book 	download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		in other projects 	 	 			wikidata 		 	 	 	 		in other languages 	 	 		 		add links 	 		 this page was last edited on may , at : . 	text is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. see terms of use for details. 		privacy policy 	about mediawiki.org 	disclaimers 	code of conduct 	mobile view 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 none spheruleus music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. spheruleus play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release sub​-​aquatic spheres may play album 	 popular this week inertia ridge - mixed listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes flutter beneath, and now as spheruleus. he creates ambient textures designed chiefly to be listened to at low volume for quiet contemplation. his first ep was released on webbed hand records; since then he has released three subsequent albums on that netlabel. his first venture away from webbed hand was with phantom channel. harry typically uses his own field recordings in all of his album-length … read more spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes flutter beneath, and now as spheruleus. he creates ambient textures designed chiefly to be listened to a… read more spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes flutter beneath, and now as spheruleus. he creates ambient textures designed chiefly to be listened to at low volume for quiet contemplation. his first ep was released on webbe… read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	field recordings 	atmospheric 	dark ethereal ambient add tagsview all tags similar to 	 damian valles 	 jannick schou 	 bas van huizen view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 inertia ridge - mixed 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 inertia ridge 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 hollow bloom 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the warm room 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this 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	loading 	 tales from the labyrinth , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the disguised familiar listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 a vision obscured listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 spheruleus.com 	 facebook (spheruleus) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 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december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 spheruleus.com 	 facebook (spheruleus) similar artists play all 	 damian valles , listeners 	 jannick schou , listeners 	 bas van huizen , listeners 	 ryonkt , listeners 	 strom noir , listeners 	 philip sulidae , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close by the river — valotihkuu | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. valotihkuu by the river more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	lo-fi 	chillwave 	electronic 	dream pop 	psychedelic add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 morning by the river 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 lying on the grass 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 afternoon 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 whispering wind 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 fascinated by clouds 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 faded memories 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 evening breeze 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 dusk 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get 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more 	 Сон Творожное Озеро , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sounds vol. galapagos listeners play album buy 	loading 	 that's true, love magnetic poetry listeners play album buy 	loading 	 summer nightrunner a gap between , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 thoughts of mirth light leak , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 teplaja ep muchachos , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 loveritual ep bittertv listeners play album buy 	loading 	 yung life yung life , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday 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december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more valotihkuu , listeners related tags 	lo-fi 	chillwave 	electronic valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhood memories, which are carefully transferred into music. view wiki valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhoo… read more valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhood memories, which are carefully transferred into music. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 muchachos , listeners 	 Мох , listeners 	 Творожное Озеро , listeners 	 culture voyage , listeners 	 capo blanco , listeners 	 selva oscura , listeners 	 tiiiza , listeners 	 waskerley way , listeners 	 curd lake's magic , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 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some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close unreleased home recordings - — windy & carl | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. windy & carl unreleased home recordings - more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	shoegaze 	post-rock 	experimental add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 you (instrumental demo, february ) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 dragonfly (instrumental demo # ) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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album buy 	loading 	 xièxie celer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 below sea level simon scott , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 distance flying saucer attack , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the disintegration loops (remastered) william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in arboreal whispering hakobune , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday 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thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.brainwashed.com/wc 	 facebook (pages/windy-carl/ ) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more windy & carl , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	shoegaze windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their sound is very slow, dreamy, and based in drones. using guitar, bass, and some keyboards and electronic effects as well as windy's singing on some tracks they create long delicate washes of sound. they released their first album "portal" in , followed by several other full-lengths on the blue flea, darling and kranky labels. after a few years of inactivity, they released an ep titled… read more windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their soun… read more windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their sound is very slow, dreamy, and based in drones. u… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 landing , listeners 	 roy montgomery , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners 	 belong , listeners 	 labradford , listeners 	 flying saucer attack , listeners 	 jessica bailiff , listeners 	 grouper , listeners 	 amp , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 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简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close luis miehlich music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch 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track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 st. aygulf 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 夜風 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 march 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 rain's embrace 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 starlight 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 海風 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 observatory 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 cloudspotting 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 st. aygulf - mixed 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 silences listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 koyomi listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 timecuts listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 currents listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 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tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 add image add image external links 	 twitter (@luismiehlich) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 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	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 add image add image external links 	 twitter (@luismiehlich) similar artists play all 	 alex bober listeners 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners 	 akisai , listeners 	 the green kingdom , listeners 	 darren harper , listeners 	 wil bolton , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community 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website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. tigue play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release something - single june play album 	 popular this week cranes listeners photos 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists tigue is a group of three percussionists with a fluid musical identity. the brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of instrumental minimalism while opening up the possibilities of their instrumentation through commissioning and collaboration. tigue’s debut album peaks was released in with new amsterdam records with highlighted performances at the ecstatic music festival, bric celebrate brooklyn! festival, and the zemlika festival in durbe, latvia. recent commissions and premieres have included works by molly her… read more tigue is a group of three percussionists with a fluid musical identity. the brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of instrumental minimalism while opening up the possibilities of their instrumentation through commissioning an… read more tigue is a group of three percussionists with a fluid musical identity. the brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of instrumental minimalism while opening up the possibilities of their instrumentation through commissioning and collaboration. tigue’s debut album peaks was released in with new… read more related tags 	rock 	jazz 	instrumental 	experimental 	american add tagsview all tags similar to 	 yarn/wire 	 glenn kotche 	 ensemble view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 cranes 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 drips 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 triangle 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 sitting 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 mouth 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 dress well 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 drones 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 cerulean 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 ripped 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 triangle (single edit) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 peaks listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 strange paradise listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 time listeners oct · track play album buy 	loading 	 jungle jump - single listeners apr · track play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 add image add image don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 yarn/wire listeners 	 glenn kotche , listeners 	 ensemble listeners 	 christopher cerrone listeners 	 vijay iyer & wadada leo smith , listeners 	 anteloper , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close orc — oh sees | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. oh sees orc more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags add tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 help thee oh sees , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 help thee oh sees , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday 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sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images oh sees , listeners related tags add tags do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 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attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close mathieu karsenti music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. mathieu karsenti play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release downstream blue - ep june play album 	 popular this week twenty seven listeners do you have any photos of this artist? add an image 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists hmm, it looks like we don’t know much about this artist. can you help us out? 	 add image 	 start the wiki 	 tag this artist do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki do you know what kind of music this is? tag this artist similar to 	 federico mosconi 	 doug thomas 	 silent vigils view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 twenty seven 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 upwards 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set 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set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 abstraction number two 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 aitaké suite for solo violin listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 viola abstractions listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 cello prayers listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 movements listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 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	 flickr 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 github 	 	 	 © oclc domestic and international trademarks and/or service marks of oclc, inc. and its affiliates this site uses cookies. by continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. find out more about oclc's cookie notice. 	feedback 	privacy statement 	accessibility statement 	iso certificate michael grigoni & stephen vitiello music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. michael grigoni & stephen vitiello play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 latest release slow machines february play album 	 popular this week sheridan, wy listeners play album skip to youtube video do you have any photos of this artist? add an image 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap steel guitars with a hushed, ambient sound. with both calling the southern mid-atlantic region of the united states home, the two met up and discussed a collaboration in which grigoni would provide the guitars and stephen the electronics and processing with a goal of combining each of their artistic languages into a new form. vitiello, whose work is steeped heavily in the installation and art world… read more slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap steel guitars with a hushed, ambient sound. with both calling the southern mid-atlantic region of the unit… read more slow machines brings together veteran stephen vitiello and k newcomer michael grigoni, whose debut mount carmel ( k , ) made an impression for its merging of the pedal and lap steel guitars with a hushed, ambient sound. with both calling the southern mid-atlantic region of the united states home, the two met up and discussed a collaboration in which gr… read more related tags 	american add tagsview all tags similar to 	 federico durand 	 marcus fischer 	 ohio view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sheridan, wy 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 arthur ganson 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 purpling cloud 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 transparent as a hanging glass 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 a clearing 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 slow machines listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 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monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos do you have any photos of this artist? add an image external links 	 www.mgrigmusic.com 	 twitter (@mgrigmusic) 	 facebook (mgrigmusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 federico durand , listeners 	 marcus fischer , listeners 	 ohio , listeners 	 minamo & moskitoo listeners 	 michael grigoni listeners 	 taylor deupree , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close white rainbow music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. white rainbow play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release exoticism escap september play album 	 popular this week waves listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 march (age ) almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised master jams (punctuated with dance-floor rhythms) since the mid-’ s—in collaboration with others in yume bitsu and world, dark yoga, surface of eceon, and solo as [[]] and white rainbow. the music of white rainbow flows through assorted albums on the kranky, states rights records, marriage records and gnar tapes labels. he has recently self-released several albums via his bandcamp digital storefr… read more almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised master jams (punctuated with dance-floor rhythms) since the mid-’ s—in collaboration with others in yum… read more almost an institution in portland, oregon (where he is currently music curator at the yale union contemporary-art center), adam forkner has been making meditative, ambi-tasting, improvised master jams (punctuated with dance-floor rhythms) since the mid-’ s—in collaboration with others in yume bitsu and world, dark yoga, surface of eceon, and solo as [[]] and whi… read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	psychedelic 	experimental 	post-rock add tagsview all tags similar to 	 robin guthrie 	 harmonia & eno ' 	 windy & carl view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 waves 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 see and the field feels 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 warm clicked fruit 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 awakening 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sand sift 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 porchdusk 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 - - acoustic 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 tuuubms 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 birthday driving test pt. 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 - - porchdusk 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 prism of eternal now , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 new clouds , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 sky drips drifts , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 zome , listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically 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listeners 	 the seven fields of aphelion , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close social interoperability in research support javascript is currently not supported or is disabled by this browser. some features of this site will not be available. please enable javascript for full functionality. oclc.org 	oclc.org home 	support & training 	community center 	developer network 	webjunction  covid- | information and resources to help skip to page content. 	 research areas 	 partnership 	 people 	 news & events 	 publications 	 presentations 	 about 		settings 	menu 	search 	 research 	 publications 	 social interoperability in research support: cross-campus partnerships and the university research enterprise social interoperability in research support: cross-campus partnerships and the university research enterprise by rebecca bryant, annette dortmund, and brian lavoie 	 report 	 supplemental to develop robust research support services across the entire research life cycle, individuals and units from across the university, including the library, must collaborate across internal silos. effective social interoperability—the creation and maintenance of working relationships between individuals and organizational units—in higher education requires a thorough knowledge of campus partners. the oclc research report social interoperability in research support explores the social and structural norms that shape cross-campus collaboration and offers a conceptual model of key university stakeholders in research support. information about their goals, interests, expertise, and crucially, the importance of cross-campus relationships in their work was synthesized from interviews conducted with practitioners from  a wide range of campus stakeholders in research support. the report describes the network of campus units involved in both the provision and consumption of major categories of research support services, and concludes with recommendations for establishing and maintaining successful cross-campus relationships. visit oc.lc/social-interoperability-project for more related project outputs. download us letter .pdf download a .pdf   suggested citation: bryant, rebecca, annette dortmund, and brian lavoie. . social interoperability in research support: cross-campus partnerships and the university research enterprise. dublin, oh: oclc research. https://doi.org/ . /wyrd-n for more information for more information about this work, please contact oclc research. email oclc research follow oclc research:   © oclc domestic and international trademarks and/or service marks of oclc, inc. and its affiliates this site uses cookies. by continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. see oclc's cookie notice to learn more. 	privacy statement 	accessibility statement 	iso certificate bygones — mathieu karsenti | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 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play album buy 	loading 	 summer's wet work is done viul listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dusk josh alexander listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the seagull manos milonakis listeners play album buy 	loading 	 march of the mysterious kryshe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in the half light liam j hennessy listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hrklávka tomáš Šenkyřík listeners play album buy 	loading 	 december garreth broke listeners play album buy 	loading 	 languish ep sven laux , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 'round midnight doug thomas listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aitaké suite for solo violin mathieu karsenti listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ea the alvaret ensemble listeners play album buy 	loading 	 turns seabuckthorn listeners play album buy 	loading 	 summer's wet work is done viul listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dusk josh alexander listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 the seagull manos milonakis listeners play album buy 	loading 	 march of the 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december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist do you have any photos of this artist? add an image mathieu karsenti listeners related tags add tags do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 federico mosconi listeners 	 doug thomas , listeners 	 silent vigils listeners 	 madeleine cocolas , listeners 	 robin schlochtermeier listeners 	 tomáš Šenkyřík listeners 	 josh alexander listeners 	 suumhow listeners 	 klangriket , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 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america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close miskatonic university press | miskatonic university press miskatonic university press 	about spade and archive 	 november 	 	aaronsw 	 	code lib 	 	libraries 	 	literature 	 the mystery house: how a san francisco mason solved a real estate mystery—and a literary secret, from the noir issue of california freemason (!) is about bill arney, who lived in apartment at post street in san francisco: the apartment where dashiell hammett wrote the maltese falcon and the model for detective sam spade’s apartment in the book. i’ve been in that apartment! in february i went to a meeting hosted by the internet archive about planning the open library. i was out in san francisco for two days. the first was the meeting, at the presidio where the archive then was. that was the day i saw aaron swartz, though i never talked to him. he committed suicide just under five years later. i did talk to brewster kahle, who happily is still with the archive and still pushing the limits of access to knowledge. here’s a blurry photo with swartz on the left and kahle on the right: aaron swartz and brewster kahle the room was full of leading library technologists of the time, generally from the code lib world. i was out of my depth and don’t remember contributing anything, but i was damned glad to be there. it was a mind-blowing day (not just the ideas floating around, but seeing the ia’s servers, for example) and then a memorable evening after. the dashiell hammett tour cover the next day don herron generously gave me a solo dashiell hammett tour. he knows arney and when we got near he called to see if we could come up to see the apartment. we could. i went into dashiell hammett’s apartment! this was sam spade’s place! and that was just one part of the tour. herron knows hammett’s san francisco like the back of his hand, and he showed me where various stories had been set, where miles archer was shot, and many other places, as well as covering a lot of city history. he does an incredible job, and if you’re ever in san francisco, i highly recommend the tour. read some hammett beforehand if you haven’t, but even if you’re not a great fan, it’s a perfect combination of guide and subjects that makes a great introduction to the city. what a city. i packed in hours more walking that day, including city lights and later drinks at the top of the mark. those two days in san francisco was the best short trip i’ve ever had. desert island discworld 	 november 	 	literature 	 	terry.pratchett 	 this summer i discovered desert island discworld, a podcast where the host interviews a guest about a favourite book from the discworld series by terry pratchett. if you like pratchett, i highly recommend it. there are other pratchett podcasts out there, and i tried three but dropped them. they were too talky and rambling. this one is informed, interesting, concise and thoughtful. each episode is about an hour long. for the first half, the host talks to the guest about their life and work. most come from comics or role playing games or comedy. they’re all good, and they have a lot of insight into stories and what makes them work. i learned a lot from these bits: for example, in episode . , where game designer grant howitt talks about witches abroad, i was introduced to one-page role-playing games. he designed sexy battle wizards, where characters have three traits: sexy, battle and wizard. genius. another game designer, hannah nicklin, in episode . on i shall wear midnight, was also particularly good. in the second half, they get into the book in question: how it works, why it works, what’s good, what’s not so good, how it fits in with the other books, and so on. this is far beyond merely recapping the story and quoting favourite lines (though of course there’s some of that, because some lines are so good). every episode has given me new things to think about. cover of monstrous regiment. there’s a new episode just out for monstrous regiment, which i’m reading right now, so i’m holding off until tomorrow when i’m done. this is one of the first discworld books i read, as it happens, and one of the best. i liked it back then and i like it even more now that i’m rereading them all in order and i know where it fits in the big structure. if i remember right, when i first read it i’d never read any of the watch books, so i didn’t know about sam vimes and the others of the watch who have small roles here. he’s a duke now, and on a diplomatic mission to solve a problem about two small warring countries. late in the book the hero(ine) polly and her squad have been captured by the enemy. people from ankh-morpork (a distant city-state) come into their cell: soldiers and a few very well-dressed officers, led by lord rust, who’s in charge of the military mission. if you’ve read the novels in order, you’ve met rust before. and you don’t like him. the others aren’t introduced. but then: polly was watching the officers. they looked nervous … … except for the one at the back. she’d thought all the guards had gone and, while this man was dressed like a guard—dressed, that is, like a badly dressed guard—he wasn’t acting like one. he was leaning against the wall by the door, smoking half a cigar, and grinning. he looked like a man enjoying a show. … behind the officers, the man with the cigar winked a polly. his uniform was very old-fashioned—an ancient helmet, a breastplate, some slightly rusted chain mail, and big boots. he wore it like a workman wears his overalls. unlike the braid and brilliance in front of her, the only statement his clothes made was that he didn’t intend to get hurt. vimes. he winks and gives her a thumbs up. if vimes is on her side, you know it’s going to end well. night watch, the wee free men and monstrous regiment: three masterpieces in a row. the nero wolfe cookbook 	 november 	 	literature 	 	rex.stout 	 thirty years ago, in november , i’d been working at the reader’s den bookstore for six months. it was across from philosopher’s walk, north side of bloor west of avenue. it’s not there any more. it went bankrupt in february in the recession—christmas sales were dismal, i remember, though i was too inexperienced to see the inevitable—and the location has been an egg restaurant for quite a while now. i’ve never been in. who knows, maybe with the pandemic it’s gone bankrupt too. some time in , probably, i was given responsibility for handling buying from academic and small presses. the manager did trade frontlist (the biggest portfolio), the assistant manager did paperbacks (second biggest), and i ended up handling the rest. a few times a year reps would come by with catalogues and help meg pick out what the store would get in: two of this, one of this, eight of that, etc. the reps really knew the books, and they knew what the store sold, and their advice was excellent. it was a good gig. one of the academic reps—i think he handled a bunch of smaller american university presses—was a man named michael romano. i remember one late afternoon he came by to go through the upcoming season of titles, and then he asked if i wanted to join him for dinner at the swiss chalet down the street. i think i expressed some hesitation at the idea of swiss chalet, but he said they did a good chicken. i said okay. besides, i barely had any money, and this was a free dinner. looking back now, i realize he’d been out on the road for days or weeks—he’d do this at least three times a year, maybe covering all of eastern canada—and he’d probably been to several stores in toronto and had more to do tomorrow; the day was done, he was tired, and he’d enjoy some company at table before he went back to his hotel room. being a travelling sales rep is a lonely job no matter what industry you’re in. over dinner he mentioned that he’d ghost-written the nero wolfe cookbook. i didn’t know what to make of this. i’d never read any of rex stout’s nero wolfe mysteries (even though we sold quite a few in the bookstore; the paperback reprints did well), and had the outrageously presumptuous and jejune opinion that because i’d never read any of them they couldn’t be any good. my logic was: i’ve read many good series of classic mysteries; therefore if i haven’t read a series of classic mysteries it can’t be good. of course this is nonsense. “pfui,” wolfe would say. twenty-five years later i realized my mistake and i began to read the nero wolfe mysteries. my reading diary shows i read in and in . that was all library books. as p.g. wodehouse says, “[stout] passes the supreme test of being rereadable” and i’m enjoying working my way through them again, this time buying them from sellers and newel. i know i’ll reread them again. because of this rereading, and the frequent mentions of what wolfe and archie goodwin eat, i thought about michael romano and the nero wolfe cookbook. i got a copy from a used bookstore out west. cover of the nero wolfe cookbook. the book is wonderful. there are hundreds of recipes, all mentioned in the wolfe books, with representative quotes. for example, there’s this quote from death of a doxy, followed immediately by recipes for the four dishes. business is taboo at the dinner table, but crime and criminals aren’t, and the rosenberg case hogged the conversation all through the anchovy fritters, partridge in casserole with no olives in the sauce, cucumber mousse, and creole curds and cream. (creole curds and cream has you “allow the sour milk to clabber in a -quart crock” so i won’t be trying that.) the book’s first recipe (in the first chapter, “breakfast in the old brownstone”) is for eggs au buerre noir, which are eaten several times in the books. here it is: 	 tablespoons butter 	 large eggs 	 tablespoon dry sherry preheat the broiler. melt tablespoon butter in each of the shirred egg dishes and add the eggs, yolks unbroken, to a dish. cook over medium heat for or minutes until the egg white is set. spoon the butter over the eggs. put the dishes under the hot broiler for another minute until the eggs have filmed over. remove from the oven and let stand in a warm place. in a skillet melt the remaining tablespoons of butter over medium heat. when white waxy particles have settled to the bottom pour the clear liquid off into a bowl. return the clarified butter to the pan and continue to cook until it has turned a deep golden brown. watch it carefully to be sure the butter does not burn. add the sherry and stir until blended. pour the butter sauce over the eggs and serve immediately. (serves .) i think it changed in a later edition, however. this post at flame noir candle co. has a slightly different recipe that i think comes from the paperback. compare my version: remove from the oven and let stand in a warm place. in a skillet melt the remaining tablespoons of butter over medium heat. when white waxy particles have settled to the bottom pour the clear liquid off into a bowl. return the clarified butter to the pan … to this: remove them from the oven and let them stand in a warm place. next, you will want to clarify the remaining tablespoons of butter. to clarify, heat the butter up in a skillet at medium-low temperature until the butter has melted and you notice a white foam forming at the top. the clarification process separates the water and dairy that has turned into foam from the pure butter fat, so you’ll want to skim the white foam off of the top of the butter and discard it in order to clarify the butter. next, pour the butter into a small bowl. this will leave any additional white particles that may have floated to the bottom in the skillet. wipe the pan out, and then return the clarified butter to the pan. that’s much clearer: it explains that you’re clarifying butter and has lots of detail about how to do it. my version has you pouring melted butter into a bowl and then straight back into the pan. this morning i did a first test by just baking an egg in the oven in a ramekin with some butter and milk, which i’d never done before. very nice! i’ll do the sauce next time. all the other recipes i looked at seem fine, however. there are many i won’t make because i don’t eat mammals, but even if i did i wouldn’t make squirrel stew (which calls for “ squirrels, skinned and cleaned” and begins “cut the squirrels into serving pieces”) or my own headcheese (“ calf’s head; pair pig’s feet,” “ask the butcher to clean the calf’s head and remove the brain and tongue”). there are lots of recipes for fish, on the other hand, some nice desserts, salads with tasty dressings, basics like biscuits, a chicken fricassee i’ll try, and many more. the recipes i won’t make are still worth reading just to imagine what a meal with nero wolfe would be like, and when i read a wolfe story and see a mention of a meal i can look up how it was made. it’ll be quite a while before i can have a dinner party and serve these new recipes. wolfe likes company at dinner, and he enjoys good conversation. michael romano did too, i now understand. until that’s possible again, at least we have the books. david partridge in the daily telegraph 	 october 	 	art 	 following up on david partridge photograph from a couple of weeks ago: i emailed the british library’s reference enquiry team with my request for the mention of him in the daily telegraph and got a quick response with all of page from tuesday june . it was the editorial and letters page, with a daily diary called “london day by day” with the byline “peterborough” (also the name of the column for many years, apparently) which is where mr. partridge is mentioned. the mention: from the daily telegraph (see how the crop marks on my copy of the photo turned into the smaller version used.) text: a casual conversation last christmas at ellingham mill, suffolk, which was derelict when bought by lucy halford, the industrial designer, and her husband, the artist, chester williams, will result in a five-man exhibition of paintings and sculptures there from monday. andré dzierzynski, the artist who had decorated the mill, had suggested that the williamses should hold their first joint exhibition in london. mrs. williams went one better, putting forward the idea of a larger exhibition at the mill, to run concurrently with the aldeburgh festival. aldeburgh, whose festival opens on friday, is miles away. the five artists are david partridge and john piper, in my pictures, elena gaputyte, andré dzierzynski and chester williams. so now we know about a small group show that was a tiny bit of mr. partridge’s life. he deserves a biography and a full catalogue raisonné. some links: 	andré dzierzynski’s site. 	elena gaputyte trust 	john piper (wikipedia) 	chester williams obit (independent, ) (mentions lucy halford, but i don’t see anything much about her online) 	ellingham (wikipedia) and a page about the ellingham mill that mentions “april : art gallery used by ellingham mill art society.” hawkwind and rush 	 october 	 	music 	 this month i got books on two of my favourite bands: hawkwind and rush. having been a male canadian science fiction- and fantasy-reading teenager in the early ’ s, loving rush can be taken for granted. i can’t remember exactly when i first heard about hawkwind, but it would have been through their connection with michael moorcock. in university i picked up a double lp best-of, i think the hawkwind collection, which was a great introduction. i didn’t know anyone else who liked hawkwind, and when i played them some, that usually didn’t change their opinion, but the fact lemmy had been kicked out of the band, which led him to form motörhead, gave it some notability, if not credibility. cover of limelight. canadian rock historian and critic martin popoff just released his second of three detailed books about rush: limelight: rush in the ’ s, which follows anthem: rush in the ’ s. they’re thorough and very well documented, with lengthy quotes from the band members and others, covering all aspects of the history of the band, how they wrote the songs, their changing instrumentation and approach, and much else. the personalities of geddy lee, alex lifeson and neil peart all come across well, including the familiar dynamic of geddy and alex as the ones that are out in public while neil is off on his own. cover of hawkwind. the other is hawkwind: days of the underground; radical escapism in the age of paranoia by joe banks, which looks equally thorough to the combined three popoff books, but goes much more into the band’s place in culture. the wire published an extract that gives a sense of it, and banks had acid, nudity and sci-fi nightmares: why hawkwind were the radicals of s rock in the guardian recently. this is hawkwind in all their scuzzy, interstellar glory, the underground’s biggest band promoting their new single – less than a year later, and with a million copies of it sold, they’ll be headlining wembley. it tends to be forgotten just how big this band of west london renegades were in the s, playing to audiences of thousands wherever they went. they’re misremembered now, and were often misrepresented at the time, but as i discovered when writing a book about them, hawkwind’s story amounts to an alternative narrative for s music culture – very different to the one that’s lazily trotted out by scene historians…. with their mood of anarchic possibility, hawkwind gigs were a breeding ground for young punks everywhere, those “dedicated teenagers” coming of age and striking out on their own. john lydon was a regular presence at their gigs in the early s, and was taken under calvert’s wing at the height of sex pistols mania, with the self-proclaimed antichrist attending the singer’s wedding reception. coming out of the same ladbroke grove milieu, joe strummer and mick jones of the clash had grown up in hawkwind’s world, while brian james and captain sensible of the damned were also fans. poster for the gig. i was delighted to see this poster in the hawkwind book: rush opened for hawkwind in kansas city, kc on october ! hawkwind were touring for hall of the mountain grill (it was on this tour that they had their equipment impounded by the irs for an unpaid tax bill from their previous tour). rush was on their first american tour, supporting all kinds of acts, with neil peart having just replaced first drummer john rutsey—this was before fly by night. popoff mentions the connection in anthem: “following the band’s dates with kiss, plus assorted shows with the likes of hawkwind and t. rex, rush did a clutch of ontario dates with scottish hard rockers nazareth—a band that would take them across canada the following year.” i always feel obliged to mention indexes in reviews of nonfiction. popoff’s books don’t have them, but they should. banks’s hawkwind book does have an index, with one entry for rush (the poster was not indexed), in a footnote in the chapter “new worlds and dangerous vision: hawkwind as the ultimate science fiction band:” bands including van der graaf generator, genesis, ramases, black sabbath and rush also leaned in an sf direction, while the pop charts featured such songs as the carpenters’ klaatu cover ‘calling occupants of interplanetary craft’ and sarah brightman & hot gossip’s ‘i lost my heart to a starship trooper,’ the latter inspired by star wars and perhaps the best known song from the late s sci-fi disco boom (risqué lyrics include ‘take me, make me feel the force’—plus a reference to ’s other big sf film: ‘what my body needs is close encounters three’). popoff gives a chapter to each rush album from the eighties, and i’m enjoying listening to each one as i read the chapter about it. it’s a perfect match. i’m looking forward to working through hawkwind’s catalogue when i get to the banks book. the house on the borderland 	 october 	 	literature 	 	terry.pratchett 	 it was time to pick out a book to read, and i saw william hope hodgson’s the house on the borderland on my shelf. cover of my edition. i think i’ve had it for over years but never read it. time to give it a try. if i thought i’d want to reread it, i’d keep it. if i didn’t, i’d deaccession it. i’m trimming my collection. there’s an introduction by gerald suster in my edition. it begins: the book you have bought is unique in english literature. its blend of horror, fantasy, science fiction, mind expansion and spiritual dread, was called “a classic of the first water” by h.p. lovecraft, this century’s greatest american weird fiction writer. yet, as lovecraft admitted, its imaginative power is sadly impaired by bad writing. lovecraft thought it was badly written?! cripes, that’s reason enough not to even try. but the wikipedia entry on the book quotes terry pratchett saying it was “the big bang in my private universe as a science fiction and fantasy reader and, later, writer.” that’s certainly reason to try. i read the first couple of chapters, then looked towards the end. another, a troubled, memory came to me—of the formless thing that had haunted the shores of the sea of sleep. the guardian of that silent, echoless place. these, and other, details, i remembered, and knew, without doubt that i was looking out upon that same sea. with the assurance, i was filled with an overwhelming feeling of surprise, and joy, and shaken expectancy, conceiving it possible that i was about to see my love, again. intently, i gazed around; but could catch no sight of her. at that, for a little, i felt hopeless. fervently, i prayed, and ever peered, anxiously…. how still was the sea! down, far beneath me, i could see the many trails of changeful fire, that had drawn my attention, formerly. vaguely, i wondered what caused them; also, i remembered that i had intended to ask my dear one about them, as well as many other matters—and i had been forced to leave her, before the half that i had wished to say, was said. i should have read it when i was young. i can imagine how this kind of story caught pratchett when he was young, but it just doesn’t grab me any more. i’m not even going to read it once. (if you want to, the full text is in the gutenberg project.) pratchett, though, i continue to reread. david partridge photograph 	 october 	 	art 	 	listening.to.art 	 this summer i checked on ebay to see if anything by artist david partridge was for sale. i was surprised to see a photograph from the universal pictorial press and agency (an independent news photograph agency) for sale from a vendor in iceland (!) who i guess had bought (some of?) the daily telegraph photo archive. it was taken in september , just before he turned . photograph of david partridge here’s the back, which was stamped a few times. it looks like the daily telegraph used the photo in a story in june . i don’t have access to digitized archives from back then, but i’ll see if i can find someone who does. reverse side, stamped by photo agency today’s new issue of listening to art is . , mr. partridge’s small valleys, a naillie from . charting date ranges in r 	 september 	 	r 	 i wanted to turn a table of date ranges into a chart, and i figured out a way to do it that seems worth noting in case it’s of use. i’m doing this with r in org mode, but the only org-specific thing is how the data is ingested—it could just as easily come from as csv file or a spreadsheet. let’s say in org i have a table of date ranges associated with a name. the date could represent when someone did something, or was somewhere, or when a type of event happened, whatever. the way i have it set up, the date ranges are mmm dd–mmm dd, separated with an en dash. (it may seem silly to use an en dash, but they are correct for connecting date ranges, so it’s not silly, it’s pedantic.) we’ll turn that into something more general. #+name: example_table | name | range | year | |------+---------------+------| | a | jul –aug | | | b | jul –aug | | | b | aug –aug | | | b | sep –sep | | | a | sep –oct | | | c | aug –aug | | | c | aug –oct | | | a | jun –jul | | | b | jun –jul | | | a | jul –jul | | | b | aug –aug | | | c | aug –aug | | | c | sep –oct | | | a | aug –aug | | now i start the r source blocks. first is always the setup, which i’ll only run once per session. #+begin_src r :session r:days :results silent library(tidyverse) library(lubridate) #+end_src the next block has a pipeline that reads the data from the table (thank you, org) and splits the date ranges on the en dash so it can make two new columns with properly formatted dates for the start and end. the separate command comes from tidyr. if the original data looked like this, it wouldn’t be necessary to munge it, but i’m dealing with what i have. #+begin_src r :session r:days :results value :var raw_example_dates=example_table :colnames yes example_dates <- raw_example_dates %>% separate(col = "range", sep = "–", c("start", "end")) %>% mutate(start = paste (start, ", ", year), end = paste (end, ", ", year)) %>% mutate(start = mdy(start), end = mdy(end)) %>% mutate(name = as.factor(name)) %>% select(-year) %>% as_tibble() head(example_dates) #+end_src #+results: | name | start | end | |------+------------+------------| | a | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | a | - - | - - | | c | - - | - - | now i have a data frame (actually a tibble) with start and end dates for each thing. if your data is kept in a more orderly way, you could start here. next i need to build a tibble that has one row for each day for each thing. the next block has this and some more stuff. first, i set up tmp_dates, a tibble that has a throwaway row that is just there to set up the column types. there’s probably a better way to do this, but i didn’t see how. next, i use pmap_dfr from purrr to iterate over the rows in the data. what i’m doing i copied from map over each row of a dataframe in r with purrr by angelo zehr, because i’m new to purrr, but thanks to zehr’s example i got the hang of it.. row by row (where each row becomes a one-row tibble called current), i build a new multi-row tibble (tmp_table) where one column is the name (repeated on each row) and the other is a sequence of dates, made using seq from the start date to end date. the new tibble has one row for each date in the date range. it adds this table (with bind_rows) to the tmp_dates table it’s building along the way, which ends up being the return value of the function. after that, i throw away the row i don’t need any more, and i do a date trick i use when i’m comparing dates across years and want everything to line up year to year: i make a column for the year that will be used for identification, and then adjust all the years so they are in . for example, “ - - ” is in year but is changed to “ - - ” so it’s simple to compare and to each other. finally, i find the minimum and maximum dates so i can set limits on what the charts show. my data is focused on spring–fall, so i don’t want to waste space showing january or december. #+begin_src r :session r:stony :colnames yes tmp_dates <- tibble(name = "x", date = as.date(" - - ")) ## set up so column types are set. eg_dates <- example_dates %>% pmap_dfr(function(...) { current = tibble (...) dates <- seq(current$start, current$end - days( ), by = "day") tmp_table <- tibble(name = current$name, date = dates) details <- bind_rows(tmp_dates, tmp_table) }) eg_dates <- eg_dates %>% filter(! name == "x") %>% mutate(year = year(date), date = date - years(year - )) min_x_date <- min(eg_dates$date) max_x_date <- max(eg_dates$date) head(eg_dates) #+end_src #+results: | name | date | year | |------+------------+------| | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | now i can make a chart. i’ll switch to syntax-highlighted r here. ggplot(eg_dates, aes(x = date, y = as.character(year), fill = as.factor(year))) + geom_tile(show.legend = false, aes(width = , height = . )) + xlim(min_x_date, max_x_date) + facet_grid(name ~ .) + labs(title = "days (by name)", x = "", y = "") + scale_colour_brewer(palette = "dark ") days by name geom_tile makes a nice viz, but geom_point could also be used, though you’d need to change fill to colour. with three names and two years using colours may not be necessary, but with more data, it helps. i set the y-axis to be as.character(year) so r doesn’t show , . , . , . , . finally, here’s a chart groups by years, comparing names within each year. left alone the years ended up with at the top, which i didn’t like (in other charts it goes low up to high, so is at the top) so i had to reorder (by reversing) the factors. as always, there’s probably a better way to do this, but it works. ## here to get at the top we need to fiddle with factors. reordered_eg_dates <- eg_dates %>% mutate(year = as.factor(year)) reordered_eg_dates$year <- factor(reordered_eg_dates$year, levels = rev(levels(reordered_eg_dates$year))) ggplot(reordered_eg_dates, aes(x = date, y = name, fill = name)) + geom_tile(show.legend = false, aes(height = . )) + xlim(min_x_date, max_x_date) + facet_grid(year ~ .) + labs(title = "days (by year)", x = "", y = "") + scale_colour_brewer(palette = "dark ") days by year those are just the visualizations i wanted. dr. canadiana 	 september 	 	podcasts 	 speaking of podcasts, my friend and collaborator ashley williamson (with whom i did theatre science) is teaching an intro to canadian theatre history at the university of toronto, mississauga this term. it’s all online. as a way to get background information to her students outside of class time, so there’s more time in class (done over zoom or something similar) for discussion and questions and problems, she’s doing a podcast: dr. canadiana. it’s made for her students, but will be of interest to anyone who wants to learn more about the subject. the episodes are about twenty minutes, and there will be some special mini-episodes digging into detailed topics. each one is well researched and covers a lot of ground but in a lively and engaging way—this is definitely not an academic reading a paper in a dull drone. minutes of silence 	 september 	 	john.cage 	 	podcasts 	 back in early i discovered joey clift’s excellent podcast series minutes of silence. in may i appeared in an episode! then the series stopped (i hope not because of me) and all the episodes went away. i just discovered clift uploaded them all to the internet archive! highly recommended. the episodes with laura kuhn and jerry m. linenger are especially good. list of all blog posts 	 	 william denton 	 <wtd@pobox.com> 	 	 	 toronto, 	 ontario 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 "legendo autem et 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on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images sven laux , listeners related tags 	minimal 	electronic 	ambient sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic music in after discovering a talent for meticulously sampling and looping audio. now residing in berlin, sven laux has done anything but conform. his unique take on music making has him sharing the company of artisans like pheek, ezekiel honig and marc neyen. laux has become notorious for manipulating foundsounds and employing layers of field recordings in his work. in a discography that str… read more sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic… read more sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic music in after discovering a talent for … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 solid-m listeners 	 keinzweiter , listeners 	 just two ordinary people , listeners 	 elco park listeners 	 paradroid , listeners 	 ed.arcade , listeners 	 tom ellis , listeners 	 humeka , listeners 	 tilman , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday 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under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the beatles (remastered) — the beatles | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. the beatles the beatles (remastered) play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november incorrect tag for the beatles (information such as "remastered", if it is to be included at all in album tags, should be in square brackets as per english grammar standards). view wiki incorrect tag for the beatles (information such as "remastered", if it is to be included at all in album tags, should be in square brackets… read more incorrect tag for the beatles (information such as "remastered", if it is to be included at all in album tags, should be in square brackets as per english grammar standards). view wiki related tags 	rock 	psychedelic rock 	pop 	 s 	 add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 back in the u.s.s.r. - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 dear prudence - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 glass onion - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 ob-la-di, ob-la-da - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 wild honey pie - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , 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	 play track 	 love this track 	 julia - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 birthday - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 yer blues - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 mother nature's son - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 everybody's got something to hide except me and my monkey 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sexy sadie - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 helter skelter - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 long, long, long - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 revolution - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 honey pie - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 savoy truffle - remastered 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 cry baby cry - 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play album buy 	loading 	 all the best paul mccartney , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the doors the doors , , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday 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traditional pop in innovative ways; the band later explored music styles ranging from ballads and indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. as pion… read more the beatles were an english rock band formed in liverpool in . with a line-up comprising john lennon, paul mccartney, george harrison and ringo starr, they are regarded as the most infl… read more the beatles were an english rock band formed in liverpool in . with a line-up comprising john lennon, paul mccartney, george harrison and ringo starr, they are regarded as the most influential band of all time. the group were integ… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 john lennon , , listeners 	 george harrison , , listeners 	 paul mccartney , , listeners 	 wings , listeners 	 ringo starr , listeners 	 paul mccartney & wings , listeners 	 the beach boys , , listeners 	 the rolling stones , , listeners 	 paul & linda mccartney , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling 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	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.thebeatles.com 	 twitter (@thebeatles) 	 facebook (thebeatles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the rise and fall of getting things done | the new yorker skip to main content 	newsletter to revisit this article, select my⁠ ⁠account, then view saved stories. close alert sign in search 	news 	books & culture 	fiction & poetry 	humor & cartoons 	magazine 	crossword 	video 	podcasts 	archive 	goings on open navigation menu to revisit this article, visit my profile, then view saved stories. close alert annals of technology the rise and fall of getting things done how personal productivity transformed work—and failed to. by cal newport november , 	 	 	 	 	 save this story for later. as the obligations of knowledge work have grown increasingly frenetic, workers have flocked to productivity tools and techniques.illustration by timo lenzen 	 	 	 	 	 save this story for later. in the early two-thousands, merlin mann, a web designer and avowed macintosh enthusiast, was working as a freelance project manager for software companies. he had held similar roles for years, so he knew the ins and outs of the job; he was surprised, therefore, to find that he was overwhelmed—not by the intellectual aspects of his work but by the many small administrative tasks, such as scheduling conference calls, that bubbled up from a turbulent stream of e-mail messages. “i was in this batting cage, deluged with information,” he told me recently. “i went to college. i was smart. why was i having such a hard time?” mann wasn’t alone in his frustration. in the nineteen-nineties, the spread of e-mail had transformed knowledge work. with nearly all friction removed from professional communication, anyone could bother anyone else at any time. many e-mails brought obligations: to answer a question, look into a lead, arrange a meeting, or provide feedback. work lives that had once been sequential—two or three blocks of work, broken up by meetings and phone calls—became frantic, improvisational, and impossibly overloaded. “e-mail is a ball of uncertainty that represents anxiety,” mann said, reflecting on this period. in , he came across a book that seemed to address his frustrations. it was titled “getting things done: the art of stress-free productivity,” and, for mann, it changed everything. the time-management system it described, called g.t.d., had been developed by david allen, a consultant turned entrepreneur who lived in the crunchy mountain town of ojai, california. allen combined ideas from zen buddhism with the strict organizational techniques he’d honed while advising corporate clients. he proposed a theory about how our minds work: when we try to keep track of obligations in our heads, we create “open loops” that make us anxious. that anxiety, in turn, reduces our ability to think effectively. if we could avoid worrying about what we were supposed to be doing, we could focus more fully on what we were actually doing, achieving what allen called a “mind like water.” to maintain such a mind, one must deal with new obligations before they can become entrenched as open loops. g.t.d.’s solution is a multi-step system. it begins with what allen describes as full capture: the idea is to maintain a set of in-boxes into which you can drop obligations as soon as they arise. one such in-box might be a physical tray on your desk; when you suddenly remember that you need to finish a task before an upcoming meeting, you can jot a reminder on a piece of paper, toss it in the tray, and, without breaking concentration, return to whatever it was you were doing. throughout the day, you might add similar thoughts to other in-boxes, such as a list on your computer or a pocket notebook. but jotting down notes isn’t, in itself, enough to close the loops; your mind must trust that you will return to your in-boxes and process what’s inside them. allen calls this final, crucial step regular review. during reviews, you transform your haphazard reminders into concrete “next actions,” then enter them onto a master list. this list can now provide a motive force for your efforts. in his book, allen recommends organizing the master list into contexts, such as @phone or @computer. moving through the day, you can simply look at the tasks listed under your current context and execute them one after another. allen uses the analogy of cranking widgets to describe this calmly mechanical approach to work. it’s a rigorous system for the generation of serenity. to someone with mann’s engineering sensibility, the precision of g.t.d. was appealing, and the method itself seemed ripe for optimization. in september, , mann started a blog called  folders—a reference to an organizational hack, the “tickler file,” described in allen’s book. in an introductory post, mann wrote, “believe me, if you keep finding that the water of your life has somehow run onto the floor, gtd may be just the drinking glass you need to get things back together.” he published nine posts about g.t.d. during the blog’s first month. the discussion was often highly technical: in one post, he proposed the creation of a unified xml format for g.t.d. data, which would allow different apps to display the same tasks in multiple formats, including “graphical map, outline, rdf, structured text.” he told me that the writer cory doctorow linked to an early  folders post on doctorow’s popular nerd-culture site, boing boing. traffic surged. mann soon announced that, in just thirty days,  folders had received over a hundred and fifty thousand unique visitors. (“that’s just nuts,” he wrote.) the site became so popular that mann quit his job to work on it full time. as his influence grew, he popularized a new term for the genre that he was helping to create: “productivity pr n,” an adaptation of the “leet speak,” or geek lingo, word for pornography. the hunger for this pr n, he noticed, was insatiable. people were desperate to tinker with their productivity systems. what mann and his fellow-enthusiasts were doing felt perfectly natural: they were trying to be more productive in a knowledge-work environment that seemed increasingly frenetic and harder to control. what they didn’t realize was that they were reacting to a profound shift in the workplace that had gone largely unnoticed. before there was “personal productivity,” there was just productivity: a measure of how much a worker could produce in a fixed interval of time. at the turn of the twentieth century, frederick taylor and his acolytes had studied the physical movements of factory workers, looking for places to save time and reduce costs. it wasn’t immediately obvious how this industrial concept of productivity might be adapted from the assembly line to the office. a major figure in this translation was peter drucker, the influential business scholar who is widely regarded as the creator of modern management theory. drucker was born in austria in . his parents, adolph and caroline, held evening salons that were attended by friedrich hayek and joseph schumpeter, among other economic luminaries. the intellectual energy of these salons seemed to inspire drucker’s own productivity: he wrote thirty-nine books, the last shortly before his death, at the age of ninety-five. his career took off after the publication of his second book, “the future of industrial man,” in , when he was a thirty-three-year-old professor at bennington college. the book asked how an “industrial society”—one unfolding within “the entirely new physical reality which western man has created as his habitat since james watt invented the steam engine”—might best be structured to respect human freedom and dignity. arriving in the midst of an industrial world war, the book found a wide audience. after reading it, the management team at general motors invited drucker to spend two years studying the operations of what was then the world’s largest corporation. the book that resulted from that engagement, “concept of the corporation,” was one of the first to look seriously at how big organizations actually got work done. it laid the foundation for treating management as a subject that could be studied analytically. in the nineteen-fifties, the american economy began to move from manual labor toward cognitive work. drucker helped business leaders understand this transformation. in his book, “landmarks of tomorrow,” he coined the term “knowledge work,” and argued that autonomy would be the central feature of the new corporate world. drucker predicted that corporate profits would depend on mental effort, and that each individual knowledge worker, possessing skills too specialized to be broken down into “repetitive, simple, mechanical motions” choreographed from above, would need to decide how to “apply his knowledge as a professional” and monitor his own productivity. “the knowledge worker cannot be supervised closely or in detail,” drucker wrote, in “the effective executive,” from . “he must direct himself.” drucker’s emphasis on the autonomy of knowledge workers made sense, as there was no obvious way to deconstruct the efforts required by newly important mid-century jobs—like corporate research and development or advertisement copywriting—into assembly-line-style sequences of optimized steps. but drucker was also influenced by the politics of the cold war. he viewed creativity and innovation as key to staying ahead of the soviets. citing the invention of the atomic bomb, he argued that scientific work of such complexity and ambiguity could not have been managed using the heavy-handed techniques of the industrial age, which he likened to the centralized planning of the soviet economy. future industries, he suggested, would need to operate in “local” and “decentralized” ways. to support his emphasis on knowledge-worker autonomy, drucker introduced the idea of management by objectives, a process in which managers focus on setting out clear targets, but the details of how they’re accomplished are left to individuals. this idea is both extremely consequential and rarely debated. it’s why the modern office worker is inundated with quantified quarterly goals and motivating mission statements, but receives almost no guidance on how to actually organize and manage these efforts. it was thus largely owing to drucker that, in , when merlin mann found himself overwhelmed by his work, he took it for granted that the solution to his woes would be found in the optimization of his personal habits. as the popularity of folders grew, so did mann’s influence in the online productivity world. one breakthrough from this period was a novel organizational device that he called “the hipster pda.” pre-smartphone handheld devices, such as the palm pilot, were often described as “personal digital assistants”; the hipster p.d.a. was proudly analog. the instructions for making one were aggressively simple: “ . get a bunch of x inch index cards. . clip them together with a binder clip. . there is no step .” the “device,” mann suggested, was ideal for implementing g.t.d.: the top index card could serve as an in-box, where tasks could be jotted down for subsequent processing, while colored cards in the stack could act as dividers to organize tasks by project or context. a article in the globe and mail noted that ian capstick, a press secretary for canada’s new democratic party, wielded a hipster p.d.a. in place of a blackberry. just as g.t.d. was achieving widespread popularity, however, mann’s zeal for his own practice began to fade. an inflection point in his writing came in , soon after he gave a g.t.d.-inspired speech about e-mail management to an overflow audience at google’s mountain view headquarters. building on the classic productivity idea that an office worker shouldn’t touch the same piece of paper more than once, mann outlined a new method for rapidly processing e-mails. in this system, you would read each e-mail only once, then select from a limited set of options—delete it, respond to it, defer it (by moving it into a folder of messages requiring long responses), delegate it, or “do” it (by extracting and executing the activity at its core, or capturing it for later attention in a system like g.t.d.). the goal was to apply these rules mechanically until your digital message pile was empty. mann called his strategy inbox zero. after google uploaded a video of his talk to youtube, the term entered the vernacular. editors began inquiring about book deals. not long afterward, mann posted a self-reflective essay on folders, in which he revealed a growing dissatisfaction with the world of personal productivity. productivity pr n, he suggested, was becoming a bewildering, complexifying end in itself—list-making as a “cargo cult,” system-tweaking as an addiction. “on more than a few days, i wondered what, precisely, i was trying to accomplish,” he wrote. part of the problem was the recursive quality of his work. refining his productivity system so that he could blog more efficiently about productivity made him feel as if he were being “tossed around by a menacing rube goldberg device” of his own design; at times, he said, “i thought i might be losing my mind.” he also wondered whether, on a substantive level, the approach that he’d been following was really capable of addressing his frustrations. it seemed to him that it was possible to implement many g.t.d.-inflected life hacks without feeling “more competent, stable, and alive.” he cleaned house, deleting posts. a new “about” page explained that folders was no longer a productivity blog but a “website about finding the time and attention to do your best creative work.” mann’s posting slowed. in , after a couple years of desultory writing, he published a valedictory essay titled “cranking”—a rumination on an illness of his father’s, and a description of his own struggle to write a book about inbox zero after becoming disenchanted with personal productivity as a concept. “i’d type and type. i’d crank and i’d crank,” he recounted. “i’m done cranking. and, i’m ready to make a change.” after noting that his editor would likely cancel his book contract, he concluded with a bittersweet sign-off: “thanks for listening, nerds.” there have been no posts on the site for the past nine years. even after the loss of one of its leaders, the productivity pr n movement continued to thrive because the overload culture that had inspired it continued to worsen. g.t.d. was joined by numerous other attempts to tame excessive work obligations, from the bullet-journal method, to the explosion in smartphone-based productivity apps, to my own contribution to the movement, a call to emphasize “deep” work over “shallow.” but none of these responses solved the underlying problem. the knowledge sector’s insistence that productivity is a personal issue seems to have created a so-called “tragedy of the commons” scenario, in which individuals making reasonable decisions for themselves insure a negative group outcome. an office worker’s life is dramatically easier, in the moment, if she can send messages that demand immediate responses from her colleagues, or disseminate requests and tasks to others in an ad-hoc manner. but the cumulative effect of such constant, unstructured communication is cognitively harmful: on the receiving end, the deluge of information and demands makes work unmanageable. there’s little that any one individual can do to fix the problem. a worker might send fewer e-mail requests to others, and become more structured about her work, but she’ll still receive requests from everyone else; meanwhile, if she decides to decrease the amount of time that she spends engaging with this harried digital din, she slows down other people’s work, creating frustration. in this context, the shortcomings of personal-productivity systems like g.t.d. become clear. they don’t directly address the fundamental problem: the insidiously haphazard way that work unfolds at the organizational level. they only help individuals cope with its effects. a highly optimized implementation of g.t.d. might have helped mann organize the hundreds of tasks that arrived haphazardly in his in-box daily, but it could do nothing to reduce the quantity of these requests. there are ways to fix the destructive effects of overload culture, but such solutions would have to begin with a reëvaluation of peter drucker’s insistence on knowledge-worker autonomy. productivity, we must recognize, can never be entirely personal. it must be connected to a system that we can study, analyze, and improve. one of the few academics who has seriously explored knowledge-work productivity in recent years is tom davenport, a professor of information technology and management at babson college. many organizations claim to be interested in productivity, he told me, but they almost always pursue it by introducing new technology tools—spreadsheets, network applications, web-based collaboration software—in piecemeal fashion. the general belief is that knowledge workers will never stand for intrusions into the autonomy they’ve come to expect. the idea of large-scale interventions that might replace the mess of unstructured messaging with a more structured set of procedures is rarely considered. although davenport’s book, “thinking for a living,” attempted to offer concrete advice about how knowledge-worker productivity might be improved, in many places his advice is constrained by the assumed inviolability of autonomy. in one chapter, for example, he explores the possibility of routinizing or constraining the tasks of “transaction” workers, who perform similar duties over and over, by using a diagram to communicate an optimal sequence of actions. he adds, however, that such routinization simply won’t appeal to “expert” workers, who he says are unlikely to pay attention to elaborate flowcharts suggesting when they should collaborate and when they should leave each other alone. in the end, “thinking for a living” failed to find an audience. “it was one of my worst-selling books,” davenport said. he soon shifted his attention to more popular topics, such as big data and artificial intelligence. advertisement and yet, even if we accept that people don’t want to be micromanaged, it doesn’t follow that every single aspect of knowledge work must be left to the individual. if i’m a computer programmer, i might not want my project manager telling me how to solve a coding problem, but i would welcome clear-cut rules that limit the ability of other divisions to rope me into endless meetings or demand responses to never-ending urgent messages. the benefits of top-down interventions designed to protect both attention and autonomy could be significant. in an article published in , drucker noted that, in the course of the twentieth century, the productivity of the average manual laborer had increased by a factor of fifty—the result, in large part, of an obsessive focus on how to conduct this work more effectively. by some estimates, knowledge workers in north america outnumber manual workers by close to four to one—and yet, as drucker wrote, “work on the productivity of the knowledge worker has barely begun.” fittingly, we can derive a clear vision of a more productive future by returning to merlin mann. in the final years of folders, mann began dabbling in podcasting. after shuttering his web site, he turned his attention more fully toward this emerging medium. mann now hosts four regular podcasts. one show, “roderick on the line,” consists of “unfiltered” conversations with mann’s friend john roderick, the lead singer of the band the long winters. another show, “back to work,” tackles productivity, mixing some early folders-style exploration of digital tools with late folders-style digressions on the purpose of productivity. a recent episode of “back to work” combined a technical conversation about taskpaper—a plain-text to-do-list software for macs—with a metaphysical discussion about disruptions. mann no longer uses the full g.t.d. system. he remains a fan of david allen (“there’s a person for whom g.t.d. is a perfect fit,” he told me), but the nature of his current work doesn’t generate the overwhelming load of obligations that first drove him to the system, back in . “my needs are very modest from a task-management perspective,” he said. “i have a production schedule for the podcasts; it’s that and grocery lists.” he does still use some big ideas from g.t.d., such as deploying calendar notifications to remind him to water his plants and clean his cat’s litter box. (“why would i let that take up any part of my brain?”) however, his day is now structured in such a way that he can spend most of his time focussed on the autonomous, creative, skilled work that drucker identified as so crucial to growing our economy. most of us are not our own bosses, and therefore lack the ability to drastically overhaul the structure of our work obligations, but in mann’s current setup there’s a glimpse of what might help. imagine if, through some combination of new management thinking and technology, we could introduce processes that minimize the time required to talk about work or fight off random tasks flung our way by equally harried co-workers, and instead let us organize our days around a small number of discrete objectives. a way, that is, to preserve drucker’s essential autonomy while sidestepping the uncontrollable overload that this autonomy can accidentally trigger. this vision is appealing, but it cannot be realized by individual actions alone. it will require management intervention. up until now, there has been little will to instigate this shift in responsibility for productivity from the person to the organization. as davenport discovered, most knowledge-work companies have been more focussed on keeping up with technological breakthroughs that might open up new markets. to get more done, it’s been sufficient to simply exhort employees to work harder. laptops and smartphones helped these efforts by enabling office workers to find extra hours in the day to get things done, providing a productivity counterbalance to the inefficiencies of overload culture. and then covid- arrived. in a remarkably short span, the spread of the coronavirus shut down offices around the world. this unexpected change amplified the inefficiencies latent in our haphazard approach to work. many individuals responded by immersing themselves in a folders-style world of productivity hacks. as we attempt to juggle percolating crises, endless zoom calls, and, for many, the requirement to somehow integrate both child care and homeschooling into the same hours, there’s a sudden, urgent need to carefully organize tasks and intricately synchronize schedules. but it’s becoming clear that, as mann learned, individual efforts are not enough. although offices are now partially reopening, a significant amount of work will, for the foreseeable future, continue to be performed remotely. to survive the current crisis, knowledge-work companies may finally be forced to move past drucker’s insistent autonomy and begin asking hard questions about how their work is actually accomplished. it seems likely that any successful effort to reform professional life must start by making it easier to figure out who is working on what, and how it’s going. because so much of our effort in the office now unfolds in rapid exchanges of digital messages, it’s convenient to allow our in-boxes to become an informal repository for everything we need to get done. this strategy, however, obscures many of the worst aspects of overload culture. when i don’t know how much is currently on your plate, it’s easy for me to add one more thing. when i cannot see what my team is up to, i can allow accidental inequities to arise, in which the willing end up overloaded and the unwilling remain happily unbothered. (for instance, in field tests led by linda babcock, of carnegie mellon university, women were found to take on a disproportionate load of “non-promotable” service tasks, such as organizing office parties, and to be more likely than men to say yes when asked to do so, leading to their being asked more often.) consider instead a system that externalizes work. following the lead of software developers, we might use virtual task boards, where every task is represented by a card that specifies who is doing the work, and is pinned under a column indicating its status. with a quick glance, you can now ascertain everything going on within your team and ask meaningful questions about how much work any one person should tackle at a time. with this setup, optimization becomes possible. in software development, for example, it’s widely accepted that programmers are most effective when they work on one feature at a time, focussing in a distraction-free sprint until done. it’s conceivable that other knowledge fields might enjoy similar productivity boosts from more intentional assignments of effort. what if you began each morning with a status meeting in which your team confronts its task board? a plan could then be made about which handful of things each person would tackle that day. instead of individuals feeling besieged and resentful—about the additional tasks that similarly overwhelmed colleagues are flinging their way—they could execute a collaborative plan designed to benefit everyone. the ability to better visualize work would also enable smarter processes. if you notice that the influx of administrative demands from other parts of your company is overwhelming you and your co-workers, you’re now motivated to seek fixes. such optimizations are unlikely to occur when the scope of the problem is hidden among in-box detritus, and when productivity is still understood as a matter of personal will. whether or not coronavirus-driven disruption provides the final push we need to move away from our flawed commitment to personal productivity, we can be certain that this transition will eventually happen. even if we convince ourselves that the psychological toll of overload culture is acceptable collateral damage for a fast-paced modern world, there’s too much latent economic value at stake to keep ignoring the haphazard nature of how we currently work. it’s ironic that drucker, the very person who extolled the potential of knowledge-worker productivity, helped plant the ideas that have since held it back. to move forward, we must step away from drucker’s commitment to total autonomy—allowing for freedom in how we execute tasks without also allowing for chaos in how these tasks are assigned. we must, in other words, acknowledge the futility of trying to tame our frenzied work lives all on our own, and instead ask, collectively, whether there’s a better way to get things done. cal newport is a professor of computer science at georgetown university. 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next album felines everywhere was released in may in . now, mikael is working on a new piece based around experimental piano sounds. http://mikaellind.blogspot.com view wiki electronic artist with classical influences. mikael works more and more with different piano sounds and violins in his compositions. the album alltihop was released in , and the next album felines everywhere was released in may in . now, mikael is working on a new piece based around e… read more electronic artist with classical influences. mikael works more and more with different piano sounds and violins in his compositions. the album alltihop was released in , and the next album felines everywhere was released in may in . now, mikael is working on a new piece based around experimental piano sounds. http://mikaellind.blogspot.com view wiki related tags 	folktronica 	icelandic 	electronic 	ambient 	experimental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 sun dro 	 kira kira 	 kippi kaninus view all artists top tracks play 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berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch control ("auf kosten der gesundheit"). when it came time to begin working on an album, moderat suddenly broke up. meanwhile modeselektor set a milestone in german music history with their sophomore album, happy birthday!, including musicians such as puppetmastaz, maximo park and thom yorke. amongst a slew of remixes for the likes of thom yorke… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch c… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 apparat , listeners 	 modeselektor , listeners 	 ellen allien & apparat , listeners 	 kiasmos , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners 	 trentemøller , listeners 	 christian löffler , listeners 	 phon.o , listeners 	 weval , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday 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the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close life — warmth | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. warmth life play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	brain-altering lobotomy sexual fantasy 	ambient 	drone 	drone ambient 	dub techno add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 breathe 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 safe 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 you're not here 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 passage 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 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paradise gallery six listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drift stations ep glåsbird listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vanishing forms hotel neon , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 driftwood snufmumriko listeners play album buy 	loading 	 blooming spring poemme , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 four years away sinerider listeners play album buy 	loading 	 worn robert farrugia , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 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december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 facebook (warmthx ) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more warmth , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	dub techno initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using the name for his solo work, abandoning the rjp moniker. steev currently resides in michigan and continues to make sounds that he rarely shares with anyone. view wiki initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using… read more initially, it was chicagoans steev thompson (roxanne jean polise, athenian mercury) and branden divens (quilts, knife city, drenches). after both artists left chicago, steev continued using the name for his solo work, abandoning the rj… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 purl , listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 svlbrd , listeners 	 hotel neon , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 bvdub , listeners 	 snufmumriko , listeners 	 motionfield , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 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user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close give shape to space — mikael lind | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. mikael lind give shape to space more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	folktronica 	icelandic 	electronic 	ambient 	experimental add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 give shape to space 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 coming into existence 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 slight differentiation 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 ornamental shapes 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 lingering outside the window 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 identifying with disorder 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 episodic memories 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 worldviews 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 piano says goodbye 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 happens secretly kippi kaninus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vittu til snorri helgason , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 what's the story, allegory? wave hands like clouds listeners play album buy 	loading 	 real to reel part timer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slowblow slowblow , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 over light earth daníel bjarnason , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 snapshots tonik ensemble , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 skotta kira kira , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the creative listener clorinde , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow films in low light ian hawgood , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 think over apjiw listeners play album buy 	loading 	 adrift robert farrugia listeners play album buy 	loading 	 happens secretly kippi kaninus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 vittu til snorri helgason , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 what's the story, allegory? wave hands like clouds listeners play album buy 	loading 	 real to reel part timer , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 slowblow slowblow , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 over light earth daníel bjarnason , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 snapshots tonik ensemble , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 skotta kira kira , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the creative listener clorinde , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 slow films in low light ian hawgood , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 think over apjiw listeners play album buy 	loading 	 adrift robert farrugia listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more mikael lind , listeners related tags 	folktronica 	icelandic 	electronic electronic artist with classical influences. mikael works more and more with different piano sounds and violins in his compositions. the album alltihop was released in , and the next album felines everywhere was released in may in . now, mikael is working on a new piece based around experimental piano sounds. http://mikaellind.blogspot.com view wiki electronic artist with classical influences. mikael works more and more with different piano sounds and violins in his compositions. the album alltihop was released in , and the next al… read more electronic artist with classical influences. mikael works more and more with different piano sounds and violins in his compositions. the album alltihop was released in , and the next album felines everywhere was released in may in … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 sun dro listeners 	 kira kira , listeners 	 kippi kaninus , listeners 	 mógil , listeners 	 clorinde , listeners 	 for a minor reflection , listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 skúli sverrisson , listeners 	 Útidúr , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 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november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close the beatles music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. the beatles # position in the global top artists chart play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release beetles july play album 	 popular this week here comes the sun - remastered , listeners play album skip to youtube video # in the global top artists chart , photos 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – ( years) 	founded in 	liverpool, merseyside, england, united kingdom the beatles were an english rock band formed in liverpool in . with a line-up comprising john lennon, paul mccartney, george harrison and ringo starr, they are regarded as the most influential band of all time. the group were integral to the development of s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. rooted in skiffle, beat and s rock and roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways; the band later explored music styles ranging from ballads and indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. as pion… read more the beatles were an english rock band formed in liverpool in . with a line-up comprising john lennon, paul mccartney, george harrison and ringo starr, they are regarded as the most influential band of all time. the group were integral to the development of s counterculture and popular… read more the beatles were an english rock band formed in liverpool in . with a line-up comprising john lennon, paul mccartney, george harrison and ringo starr, they are regarded as the most influential band of all time. the group were integral to the development of s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. rooted in skiffle, beat and … read more related tags 	classic rock 	rock 	 s 	british 	pop add tagsview all tags similar to 	 john lennon 	 george harrison 	 paul mccartney view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 here comes the sun - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 come together - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 yesterday - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 strawberry fields forever - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 blackbird - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 let it be - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 in my life - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 something - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 eleanor rigby - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 hey jude - remastered 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 abbey road , , listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 sgt. pepper's lonely hearts club band , listeners may · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 revolver , listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 rubber soul , listeners tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday 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wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image , more photos add image , more photos external links 	 www.thebeatles.com 	 twitter (@thebeatles) 	 facebook (thebeatles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image , more photos add image , more photos external links 	 www.thebeatles.com 	 twitter (@thebeatles) 	 facebook (thebeatles) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 john lennon , , listeners 	 george harrison , , listeners 	 paul mccartney , , listeners 	 wings , listeners 	 ringo starr , listeners 	 paul mccartney & wings , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close norken & nyquist music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. norken & nyquist play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 popular this week mutual listeners do you have any photos of this artist? add an image 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play artist more actions 	 play similar artists do you know any background info about this artist? start the wiki related tags 	techno add tagsview all tags similar to 	 _nyquist 	 norken 	 futuregrapher view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 invisible reflections 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 mutual 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 love simulation 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 imago 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 aux patch 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 anhip 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 delaypal 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the far center 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 auxxx thatched 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 mutual 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listener view all tracks scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday 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language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close miskatonic university press miskatonic university press william denton 	spade and archive the mystery house: how a san francisco mason solved a real estate mystery—and a literary secret, from the noir issue of california freemason (!) is about bill arney, who lived in apartment at post street in san francisco: the apartment where dashiell hammett wrote the maltese falcon and the model for detective sam spade’s apartment in the book. i’ve been in that apartment! in february i went to a meeting hosted by the internet archive about planning the open library. i was out in san francisco for two days. the first was the meeting, at the presidio where the archive then was. that was the day i saw aaron swartz, though i never talked to him. he committed suicide just under five years later. i did talk to brewster kahle, who happily is still with the archive and still pushing the limits of access to knowledge. here’s a blurry photo with swartz on the left and kahle on the right: aaron swartz and brewster kahle the room was full of leading library technologists of the time, generally from the code lib world. i was out of my depth and don’t remember contributing anything, but i was damned glad to be there. it was a mind-blowing day (not just the ideas floating around, but seeing the ia’s servers, for example) and then a memorable evening after. the dashiell hammett tour cover the next day don herron generously gave me a solo dashiell hammett tour. he knows arney and when we got near he called to see if we could come up to see the apartment. we could. i went into dashiell hammett’s apartment! this was sam spade’s place! and that was just one part of the tour. herron knows hammett’s san francisco like the back of his hand, and he showed me where various stories had been set, where miles archer was shot, and many other places, as well as covering a lot of city history. he does an incredible job, and if you’re ever in san francisco, i highly recommend the tour. read some hammett beforehand if you haven’t, but even if you’re not a great fan, it’s a perfect combination of guide and subjects that makes a great introduction to the city. what a city. i packed in hours more walking that day, including city lights and later drinks at the top of the mark. those two days in san francisco was the best short trip i’ve ever had. 	desert island discworld this summer i discovered desert island discworld, a podcast where the host interviews a guest about a favourite book from the discworld series by terry pratchett. if you like pratchett, i highly recommend it. there are other pratchett podcasts out there, and i tried three but dropped them. they were too talky and rambling. this one is informed, interesting, concise and thoughtful. each episode is about an hour long. for the first half, the host talks to the guest about their life and work. most come from comics or role playing games or comedy. they’re all good, and they have a lot of insight into stories and what makes them work. i learned a lot from these bits: for example, in episode . , where game designer grant howitt talks about witches abroad, i was introduced to one-page role-playing games. he designed sexy battle wizards, where characters have three traits: sexy, battle and wizard. genius. another game designer, hannah nicklin, in episode . on i shall wear midnight, was also particularly good. in the second half, they get into the book in question: how it works, why it works, what’s good, what’s not so good, how it fits in with the other books, and so on. this is far beyond merely recapping the story and quoting favourite lines (though of course there’s some of that, because some lines are so good). every episode has given me new things to think about. cover of monstrous regiment. there’s a new episode just out for monstrous regiment, which i’m reading right now, so i’m holding off until tomorrow when i’m done. this is one of the first discworld books i read, as it happens, and one of the best. i liked it back then and i like it even more now that i’m rereading them all in order and i know where it fits in the big structure. if i remember right, when i first read it i’d never read any of the watch books, so i didn’t know about sam vimes and the others of the watch who have small roles here. he’s a duke now, and on a diplomatic mission to solve a problem about two small warring countries. late in the book the hero(ine) polly and her squad have been captured by the enemy. people from ankh-morpork (a distant city-state) come into their cell: soldiers and a few very well-dressed officers, led by lord rust, who’s in charge of the military mission. if you’ve read the novels in order, you’ve met rust before. and you don’t like him. the others aren’t introduced. but then: polly was watching the officers. they looked nervous … … except for the one at the back. she’d thought all the guards had gone and, while this man was dressed like a guard—dressed, that is, like a badly dressed guard—he wasn’t acting like one. he was leaning against the wall by the door, smoking half a cigar, and grinning. he looked like a man enjoying a show. … behind the officers, the man with the cigar winked a polly. his uniform was very old-fashioned—an ancient helmet, a breastplate, some slightly rusted chain mail, and big boots. he wore it like a workman wears his overalls. unlike the braid and brilliance in front of her, the only statement his clothes made was that he didn’t intend to get hurt. vimes. he winks and gives her a thumbs up. if vimes is on her side, you know it’s going to end well. night watch, the wee free men and monstrous regiment: three masterpieces in a row. 	the nero wolfe cookbook thirty years ago, in november , i’d been working at the reader’s den bookstore for six months. it was across from philosopher’s walk, north side of bloor west of avenue. it’s not there any more. it went bankrupt in february in the recession—christmas sales were dismal, i remember, though i was too inexperienced to see the inevitable—and the location has been an egg restaurant for quite a while now. i’ve never been in. who knows, maybe with the pandemic it’s gone bankrupt too. some time in , probably, i was given responsibility for handling buying from academic and small presses. the manager did trade frontlist (the biggest portfolio), the assistant manager did paperbacks (second biggest), and i ended up handling the rest. a few times a year reps would come by with catalogues and help meg pick out what the store would get in: two of this, one of this, eight of that, etc. the reps really knew the books, and they knew what the store sold, and their advice was excellent. it was a good gig. one of the academic reps—i think he handled a bunch of smaller american university presses—was a man named michael romano. i remember one late afternoon he came by to go through the upcoming season of titles, and then he asked if i wanted to join him for dinner at the swiss chalet down the street. i think i expressed some hesitation at the idea of swiss chalet, but he said they did a good chicken. i said okay. besides, i barely had any money, and this was a free dinner. looking back now, i realize he’d been out on the road for days or weeks—he’d do this at least three times a year, maybe covering all of eastern canada—and he’d probably been to several stores in toronto and had more to do tomorrow; the day was done, he was tired, and he’d enjoy some company at table before he went back to his hotel room. being a travelling sales rep is a lonely job no matter what industry you’re in. over dinner he mentioned that he’d ghost-written the nero wolfe cookbook. i didn’t know what to make of this. i’d never read any of rex stout’s nero wolfe mysteries (even though we sold quite a few in the bookstore; the paperback reprints did well), and had the outrageously presumptuous and jejune opinion that because i’d never read any of them they couldn’t be any good. my logic was: i’ve read many good series of classic mysteries; therefore if i haven’t read a series of classic mysteries it can’t be good. of course this is nonsense. “pfui,” wolfe would say. twenty-five years later i realized my mistake and i began to read the nero wolfe mysteries. my reading diary shows i read in and in . that was all library books. as p.g. wodehouse says, “[stout] passes the supreme test of being rereadable” and i’m enjoying working my way through them again, this time buying them from sellers and newel. i know i’ll reread them again. because of this rereading, and the frequent mentions of what wolfe and archie goodwin eat, i thought about michael romano and the nero wolfe cookbook. i got a copy from a used bookstore out west. cover of the nero wolfe cookbook. the book is wonderful. there are hundreds of recipes, all mentioned in the wolfe books, with representative quotes. for example, there’s this quote from death of a doxy, followed immediately by recipes for the four dishes. business is taboo at the dinner table, but crime and criminals aren’t, and the rosenberg case hogged the conversation all through the anchovy fritters, partridge in casserole with no olives in the sauce, cucumber mousse, and creole curds and cream. (creole curds and cream has you “allow the sour milk to clabber in a -quart crock” so i won’t be trying that.) the book’s first recipe (in the first chapter, “breakfast in the old brownstone”) is for eggs au buerre noir, which are eaten several times in the books. here it is: tablespoons butter large eggs tablespoon dry sherry preheat the broiler. melt tablespoon butter in each of the shirred egg dishes and add the eggs, yolks unbroken, to a dish. cook over medium heat for or minutes until the egg white is set. spoon the butter over the eggs. put the dishes under the hot broiler for another minute until the eggs have filmed over. remove from the oven and let stand in a warm place. in a skillet melt the remaining tablespoons of butter over medium heat. when white waxy particles have settled to the bottom pour the clear liquid off into a bowl. return the clarified butter to the pan and continue to cook until it has turned a deep golden brown. watch it carefully to be sure the butter does not burn. add the sherry and stir until blended. pour the butter sauce over the eggs and serve immediately. (serves .) i think it changed in a later edition, however. this post at flame noir candle co. has a slightly different recipe that i think comes from the paperback. compare my version: remove from the oven and let stand in a warm place. in a skillet melt the remaining tablespoons of butter over medium heat. when white waxy particles have settled to the bottom pour the clear liquid off into a bowl. return the clarified butter to the pan … to this: remove them from the oven and let them stand in a warm place. next, you will want to clarify the remaining tablespoons of butter. to clarify, heat the butter up in a skillet at medium-low temperature until the butter has melted and you notice a white foam forming at the top. the clarification process separates the water and dairy that has turned into foam from the pure butter fat, so you’ll want to skim the white foam off of the top of the butter and discard it in order to clarify the butter. next, pour the butter into a small bowl. this will leave any additional white particles that may have floated to the bottom in the skillet. wipe the pan out, and then return the clarified butter to the pan. that’s much clearer: it explains that you’re clarifying butter and has lots of detail about how to do it. my version has you pouring melted butter into a bowl and then straight back into the pan. this morning i did a first test by just baking an egg in the oven in a ramekin with some butter and milk, which i’d never done before. very nice! i’ll do the sauce next time. all the other recipes i looked at seem fine, however. there are many i won’t make because i don’t eat mammals, but even if i did i wouldn’t make squirrel stew (which calls for “ squirrels, skinned and cleaned” and begins “cut the squirrels into serving pieces”) or my own headcheese (“ calf’s head; pair pig’s feet,” “ask the butcher to clean the calf’s head and remove the brain and tongue”). there are lots of recipes for fish, on the other hand, some nice desserts, salads with tasty dressings, basics like biscuits, a chicken fricassee i’ll try, and many more. the recipes i won’t make are still worth reading just to imagine what a meal with nero wolfe would be like, and when i read a wolfe story and see a mention of a meal i can look up how it was made. it’ll be quite a while before i can have a dinner party and serve these new recipes. wolfe likes company at dinner, and he enjoys good conversation. michael romano did too, i now understand. until that’s possible again, at least we have the books. 	david partridge in the daily telegraph following up on david partridge photograph from a couple of weeks ago: i emailed the british library’s reference enquiry team with my request for the mention of him in the daily telegraph and got a quick response with all of page from tuesday june . it was the editorial and letters page, with a daily diary called “london day by day” with the byline “peterborough” (also the name of the column for many years, apparently) which is where mr. partridge is mentioned. the mention: from the daily telegraph (see how the crop marks on my copy of the photo turned into the smaller version used.) text: a casual conversation last christmas at ellingham mill, suffolk, which was derelict when bought by lucy halford, the industrial designer, and her husband, the artist, chester williams, will result in a five-man exhibition of paintings and sculptures there from monday. andré dzierzynski, the artist who had decorated the mill, had suggested that the williamses should hold their first joint exhibition in london. mrs. williams went one better, putting forward the idea of a larger exhibition at the mill, to run concurrently with the aldeburgh festival. aldeburgh, whose festival opens on friday, is miles away. the five artists are david partridge and john piper, in my pictures, elena gaputyte, andré dzierzynski and chester williams. so now we know about a small group show that was a tiny bit of mr. partridge’s life. he deserves a biography and a full catalogue raisonné. some links: andré dzierzynski’s site. elena gaputyte trust john piper (wikipedia) chester williams obit (independent, ) (mentions lucy halford, but i don’t see anything much about her online) ellingham (wikipedia) and a page about the ellingham mill that mentions “april : art gallery used by ellingham mill art society.” 	hawkwind and rush this month i got books on two of my favourite bands: hawkwind and rush. having been a male canadian science fiction- and fantasy-reading teenager in the early ’ s, loving rush can be taken for granted. i can’t remember exactly when i first heard about hawkwind, but it would have been through their connection with michael moorcock. in university i picked up a double lp best-of, i think the hawkwind collection, which was a great introduction. i didn’t know anyone else who liked hawkwind, and when i played them some, that usually didn’t change their opinion, but the fact lemmy had been kicked out of the band, which led him to form motörhead, gave it some notability, if not credibility. cover of limelight. canadian rock historian and critic martin popoff just released his second of three detailed books about rush: limelight: rush in the ’ s, which follows anthem: rush in the ’ s. they’re thorough and very well documented, with lengthy quotes from the band members and others, covering all aspects of the history of the band, how they wrote the songs, their changing instrumentation and approach, and much else. the personalities of geddy lee, alex lifeson and neil peart all come across well, including the familiar dynamic of geddy and alex as the ones that are out in public while neil is off on his own. cover of hawkwind. the other is hawkwind: days of the underground; radical escapism in the age of paranoia by joe banks, which looks equally thorough to the combined three popoff books, but goes much more into the band’s place in culture. the wire published an extract that gives a sense of it, and banks had acid, nudity and sci-fi nightmares: why hawkwind were the radicals of s rock in the guardian recently. this is hawkwind in all their scuzzy, interstellar glory, the underground’s biggest band promoting their new single – less than a year later, and with a million copies of it sold, they’ll be headlining wembley. it tends to be forgotten just how big this band of west london renegades were in the s, playing to audiences of thousands wherever they went. they’re misremembered now, and were often misrepresented at the time, but as i discovered when writing a book about them, hawkwind’s story amounts to an alternative narrative for s music culture – very different to the one that’s lazily trotted out by scene historians…. with their mood of anarchic possibility, hawkwind gigs were a breeding ground for young punks everywhere, those “dedicated teenagers” coming of age and striking out on their own. john lydon was a regular presence at their gigs in the early s, and was taken under calvert’s wing at the height of sex pistols mania, with the self-proclaimed antichrist attending the singer’s wedding reception. coming out of the same ladbroke grove milieu, joe strummer and mick jones of the clash had grown up in hawkwind’s world, while brian james and captain sensible of the damned were also fans. poster for the gig. i was delighted to see this poster in the hawkwind book: rush opened for hawkwind in kansas city, kc on october ! hawkwind were touring for hall of the mountain grill (it was on this tour that they had their equipment impounded by the irs for an unpaid tax bill from their previous tour). rush was on their first american tour, supporting all kinds of acts, with neil peart having just replaced first drummer john rutsey—this was before fly by night. popoff mentions the connection in anthem: “following the band’s dates with kiss, plus assorted shows with the likes of hawkwind and t. rex, rush did a clutch of ontario dates with scottish hard rockers nazareth—a band that would take them across canada the following year.” i always feel obliged to mention indexes in reviews of nonfiction. popoff’s books don’t have them, but they should. banks’s hawkwind book does have an index, with one entry for rush (the poster was not indexed), in a footnote in the chapter “new worlds and dangerous vision: hawkwind as the ultimate science fiction band:” bands including van der graaf generator, genesis, ramases, black sabbath and rush also leaned in an sf direction, while the pop charts featured such songs as the carpenters’ klaatu cover ‘calling occupants of interplanetary craft’ and sarah brightman &amp; hot gossip’s ‘i lost my heart to a starship trooper,’ the latter inspired by star wars and perhaps the best known song from the late s sci-fi disco boom (risqué lyrics include ‘take me, make me feel the force’—plus a reference to ’s other big sf film: ‘what my body needs is close encounters three’). popoff gives a chapter to each rush album from the eighties, and i’m enjoying listening to each one as i read the chapter about it. it’s a perfect match. i’m looking forward to working through hawkwind’s catalogue when i get to the banks book. 	the house on the borderland it was time to pick out a book to read, and i saw william hope hodgson’s the house on the borderland on my shelf. cover of my edition. i think i’ve had it for over years but never read it. time to give it a try. if i thought i’d want to reread it, i’d keep it. if i didn’t, i’d deaccession it. i’m trimming my collection. there’s an introduction by gerald suster in my edition. it begins: the book you have bought is unique in english literature. its blend of horror, fantasy, science fiction, mind expansion and spiritual dread, was called “a classic of the first water” by h.p. lovecraft, this century’s greatest american weird fiction writer. yet, as lovecraft admitted, its imaginative power is sadly impaired by bad writing. lovecraft thought it was badly written?! cripes, that’s reason enough not to even try. but the wikipedia entry on the book quotes terry pratchett saying it was “the big bang in my private universe as a science fiction and fantasy reader and, later, writer.” that’s certainly reason to try. i read the first couple of chapters, then looked towards the end. another, a troubled, memory came to me—of the formless thing that had haunted the shores of the sea of sleep. the guardian of that silent, echoless place. these, and other, details, i remembered, and knew, without doubt that i was looking out upon that same sea. with the assurance, i was filled with an overwhelming feeling of surprise, and joy, and shaken expectancy, conceiving it possible that i was about to see my love, again. intently, i gazed around; but could catch no sight of her. at that, for a little, i felt hopeless. fervently, i prayed, and ever peered, anxiously…. how still was the sea! down, far beneath me, i could see the many trails of changeful fire, that had drawn my attention, formerly. vaguely, i wondered what caused them; also, i remembered that i had intended to ask my dear one about them, as well as many other matters—and i had been forced to leave her, before the half that i had wished to say, was said. i should have read it when i was young. i can imagine how this kind of story caught pratchett when he was young, but it just doesn’t grab me any more. i’m not even going to read it once. (if you want to, the full text is in the gutenberg project.) pratchett, though, i continue to reread. 	david partridge photograph this summer i checked on ebay to see if anything by artist david partridge was for sale. i was surprised to see a photograph from the universal pictorial press and agency (an independent news photograph agency) for sale from a vendor in iceland (!) who i guess had bought (some of?) the daily telegraph photo archive. it was taken in september , just before he turned . photograph of david partridge here’s the back, which was stamped a few times. it looks like the daily telegraph used the photo in a story in june . i don’t have access to digitized archives from back then, but i’ll see if i can find someone who does. reverse side, stamped by photo agency today’s new issue of listening to art is . , mr. partridge’s small valleys, a naillie from . 	charting date ranges in r i wanted to turn a table of date ranges into a chart, and i figured out a way to do it that seems worth noting in case it’s of use. i’m doing this with r in org mode, but the only org-specific thing is how the data is ingested—it could just as easily come from as csv file or a spreadsheet. let’s say in org i have a table of date ranges associated with a name. the date could represent when someone did something, or was somewhere, or when a type of event happened, whatever. the way i have it set up, the date ranges are mmm dd–mmm dd, separated with an en dash. (it may seem silly to use an en dash, but they are correct for connecting date ranges, so it’s not silly, it’s pedantic.) we’ll turn that into something more general. #+name: example_table | name | range | year | |------+---------------+------| | a | jul –aug | | | b | jul –aug | | | b | aug –aug | | | b | sep –sep | | | a | sep –oct | | | c | aug –aug | | | c | aug –oct | | | a | jun –jul | | | b | jun –jul | | | a | jul –jul | | | b | aug –aug | | | c | aug –aug | | | c | sep –oct | | | a | aug –aug | | now i start the r source blocks. first is always the setup, which i’ll only run once per session. #+begin_src r :session r:days :results silent library(tidyverse) library(lubridate) #+end_src the next block has a pipeline that reads the data from the table (thank you, org) and splits the date ranges on the en dash so it can make two new columns with properly formatted dates for the start and end. the separate command comes from tidyr. if the original data looked like this, it wouldn’t be necessary to munge it, but i’m dealing with what i have. #+begin_src r :session r:days :results value :var raw_example_dates=example_table :colnames yes example_dates &lt;- raw_example_dates %&gt;% separate(col = "range", sep = "–", c("start", "end")) %&gt;% mutate(start = paste (start, ", ", year), end = paste (end, ", ", year)) %&gt;% mutate(start = mdy(start), end = mdy(end)) %&gt;% mutate(name = as.factor(name)) %&gt;% select(-year) %&gt;% as_tibble() head(example_dates) #+end_src #+results: | name | start | end | |------+------------+------------| | a | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | b | - - | - - | | a | - - | - - | | c | - - | - - | now i have a data frame (actually a tibble) with start and end dates for each thing. if your data is kept in a more orderly way, you could start here. next i need to build a tibble that has one row for each day for each thing. the next block has this and some more stuff. first, i set up tmp_dates, a tibble that has a throwaway row that is just there to set up the column types. there’s probably a better way to do this, but i didn’t see how. next, i use pmap_dfr from purrr to iterate over the rows in the data. what i’m doing i copied from map over each row of a dataframe in r with purrr by angelo zehr, because i’m new to purrr, but thanks to zehr’s example i got the hang of it.. row by row (where each row becomes a one-row tibble called current), i build a new multi-row tibble (tmp_table) where one column is the name (repeated on each row) and the other is a sequence of dates, made using seq from the start date to end date. the new tibble has one row for each date in the date range. it adds this table (with bind_rows) to the tmp_dates table it’s building along the way, which ends up being the return value of the function. after that, i throw away the row i don’t need any more, and i do a date trick i use when i’m comparing dates across years and want everything to line up year to year: i make a column for the year that will be used for identification, and then adjust all the years so they are in . for example, “ - - ” is in year but is changed to “ - - ” so it’s simple to compare and to each other. finally, i find the minimum and maximum dates so i can set limits on what the charts show. my data is focused on spring–fall, so i don’t want to waste space showing january or december. #+begin_src r :session r:stony :colnames yes tmp_dates &lt;- tibble(name = "x", date = as.date(" - - ")) ## set up so column types are set. eg_dates &lt;- example_dates %&gt;% pmap_dfr(function(...) { current = tibble (...) dates &lt;- seq(current$start, current$end - days( ), by = "day") tmp_table &lt;- tibble(name = current$name, date = dates) details &lt;- bind_rows(tmp_dates, tmp_table) }) eg_dates &lt;- eg_dates %&gt;% filter(! name == "x") %&gt;% mutate(year = year(date), date = date - years(year - )) min_x_date &lt;- min(eg_dates$date) max_x_date &lt;- max(eg_dates$date) head(eg_dates) #+end_src #+results: | name | date | year | |------+------------+------| | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | | a | - - | | now i can make a chart. i’ll switch to syntax-highlighted r here. ggplot(eg_dates, aes(x = date, y = as.character(year), fill = as.factor(year))) + geom_tile(show.legend = false, aes(width = , height = . )) + xlim(min_x_date, max_x_date) + facet_grid(name ~ .) + labs(title = "days (by name)", x = "", y = "") + scale_colour_brewer(palette = "dark ") days by name geom_tile makes a nice viz, but geom_point could also be used, though you’d need to change fill to colour. with three names and two years using colours may not be necessary, but with more data, it helps. i set the y-axis to be as.character(year) so r doesn’t show , . , . , . , . finally, here’s a chart groups by years, comparing names within each year. left alone the years ended up with at the top, which i didn’t like (in other charts it goes low up to high, so is at the top) so i had to reorder (by reversing) the factors. as always, there’s probably a better way to do this, but it works. ## here to get at the top we need to fiddle with factors. reordered_eg_dates &lt;- eg_dates %&gt;% mutate(year = as.factor(year)) reordered_eg_dates$year &lt;- factor(reordered_eg_dates$year, levels = rev(levels(reordered_eg_dates$year))) ggplot(reordered_eg_dates, aes(x = date, y = name, fill = name)) + geom_tile(show.legend = false, aes(height = . )) + xlim(min_x_date, max_x_date) + facet_grid(year ~ .) + labs(title = "days (by year)", x = "", y = "") + scale_colour_brewer(palette = "dark ") days by year those are just the visualizations i wanted. 	dr. canadiana speaking of podcasts, my friend and collaborator ashley williamson (with whom i did theatre science) is teaching an intro to canadian theatre history at the university of toronto, mississauga this term. it’s all online. as a way to get background information to her students outside of class time, so there’s more time in class (done over zoom or something similar) for discussion and questions and problems, she’s doing a podcast: dr. canadiana. it’s made for her students, but will be of interest to anyone who wants to learn more about the subject. the episodes are about twenty minutes, and there will be some special mini-episodes digging into detailed topics. each one is well researched and covers a lot of ground but in a lively and engaging way—this is definitely not an academic reading a paper in a dull drone. 	 minutes of silence back in early i discovered joey clift’s excellent podcast series minutes of silence. in may i appeared in an episode! then the series stopped (i hope not because of me) and all the episodes went away. i just discovered clift uploaded them all to the internet archive! highly recommended. the episodes with laura kuhn and jerry m. linenger are especially good. 	listening to art ad i ran an ad for listening to art in the september issue of one of my favourite magazines: the wire. the quarter-page advertisement i got the idea while reading duchamp is my lawyer: the polemics, pragmatics, and poetics of ubuweb by kenneth goldsmith, who runs ubuweb. he mentions the advertisement that lynda benglis ran in artforum in november . she ran it so she could have control of the image, and get something into the magazine that they didn’t want to run as editorial content. what i’m doing is utterly different, but the idea of running an advertisement got me thinking. the advertising rates at the wire say a “sixteenth page” (imagine dividing the page up into a four-by-four grid—this is one rectangle, . mm wide by mm high) is £ for full colour. i did one up and sent it in and things got underway. before it went to print the advertising contact said there was a chance they could bump it up to a quarter-page ad at no extra charge! to my great fortune, that’s how it ended up. the entire page 	donna summer and the dance i was surprised to hear anthony powell named as an inspiration for donna summer’s i remember yesterday album on the new episode of the bbc radio four show great lives: jessie ware on donna summer. pete bellotte (who produced the album with giorgio moroder) is the expert witness, and says: donna’s next record was called love trilogy, and this was because i’d been reading mervyn peake’s gormenghast trilogy. the third album, i’d been reading alexandria quartet by lawrence durrell, and we turned that into four seasons of love. then the next album, i’d been reading dance to the music of time by anthony powell, which is twelve volumes, and it gave me the idea of taking songs from the fifties, going through tamla, funk, coming up to today, and then ending on a futuristic song, and that was how “i feel love” came about. 	terry pratchett on shades of grey from carpe jugulum by terry pratchett, in one of the conversations between the witch granny weatherwax and omnian missionary mightily-praiseworthy-are-ye-who-exalteth-om oats. “and that’s what your holy men discuss, is it?” “not usually. there is a very interesting debate raging at the moment about the nature of sin, for example.” “and what do they think? against it, are they?” “it’s not as simple as that. it’s not a black and white issue. there are so many shades of grey.” “nope.” “pardon?” “there’s no greys, only white that’s got grubby. i’m surprised you don’t know that. and sin, young man, is when you treat people as things. including yourself. that’s what sin is.” “it’s a lot more complicated than that—” “no. it ain’t. when people say things are a lot more complicated than that, they means they’re getting worried that they won’t like the truth. people as things, that’s where it starts.” “oh, i’m sure there are worse crimes—” “but they starts with thinking about people as things.” this was the fourteenth discworld book i reread this year. it’s one of the best, and that’s saying a lot. see also denton on discworld, a short thing i wrote at work in a series on pandemic reading. 	tuesday, march th, jamie zawinski does it in perl: the date is now tuesday, march th, . here it is in r: $ rscript -e 'march_date &lt;- as.integer(sys.date() - as.date(" - - ")); sub("xx", march_date, format(sys.time(), "%y- -xx %t"))' [ ] " - - : : " 	firefox and emacs again there was a new version ( . ) of emacs earlier this month, and today firefox version is out. this reminded me of when will firefox overtake emacs? (from ) and firefox overtook emacs ( ). i updated the release history data a csv file (the ugly date format is because it’s easiest to copy and paste from the firefox version history article on wikipedia; the emacs release history has better dates) and if you have r installed (and the tidyverse) then you can generate the chart with this pipeline: ## install.packages("tidyverse") library(tidyverse) read_csv("https://www.miskatonic.org/files/se-program-versions- .csv") %&gt;% mutate(date = as.date(date, format = "%b %d, %y")) %&gt;% ggplot(aes(x = date, y = version, colour = program)) + geom_point() + geom_step() + labs(title = "emacs and firefox release history", caption = "william denton (cc by)", x = "", colour = "") chart of emacs and firefox version number history firefox is the best browser still, but you can run firefox inside emacs. it may do releases more slowly, but emacs will always win this contest. or any contest. 	teksavvy i got an email on august from my internet service provider, teksavvy: in august the canadian radio-television and telecommunications commission (crtc) announced final rates that companies like teksavvy are charged by the large telecom carriers. in some cases, those new rates were a reduction of more than %. teksavvy took steps to pass on those savings on by reducing rates for the vast majority of our customers. we saw it as simply the right thing to do. however, the large carriers petitioned federal cabinet to overturn the crtc’s decision and impose higher rates. in their recent august , statement, the federal cabinet effectively directed the crtc to increase these wholesale rates. ultimately, in announcing its verdict on the petitions, cabinet caved to pressure from the large carriers, who threatened to hold back investments in rural canada unless they were protected from competition. the decision is a reversal from cabinet’s previous direction that the crtc place affordability, competition and consumer interests at the forefront. after years of cost uncertainty, inflated interim rates, and anti-competitive behaviour by the large carriers, teksavvy is left with no choice but to interpret this announcement as an expectation from the government that retail prices should be raised, specifically to protect incumbent investments. we are therefore making a difficult decision in order to continue providing you with the service you have come to expect. we’re writing to notify you about changes to the pricing of the services that you have with teksavvy. starting with your first billing cycle with an effective date of service on or after october , there will be a change to your current package with us for oid xxxxx. your current package mbps with unlimited gb of usage at a monthly cost of $ . will be invoiced at $ . . your package speed and monthly usage will not change. they’d posted about it on august: cabinet decision means higher prices, less competition for internet services: teksavvy. the press release from the government is here: response by the government of canada to petitions concerning crtc wholesale internet rates. the government made the wrong decision. the prices charged by the big phone companies for telephone and internet access are way too high. the rates they charge to smaller companies like teksavvy for access to their networks need to be lower. this decision will make internet access worse for canadians. this year, we all need reliable internet access more than ever. that will just be more true year after year. 	mask up this afternoon i was listening to wwoz, the classic new orleans radio station (through whip radio), and heard a great song about covid- and wearing a mask. the playlist said it was “mask up” by lilli lewis: .bt-video-container iframe,.bt-video-container object,.bt-video-container embed{position:absolute;top: ;left: ;width: %;height: %;margin-top: } real new orleans sound, with great rapping and tight horns. 	fictional dentons i’ve started a new page on the site: fictional dentons. it was prompted by reading the donald e. westlake story mentioned and being surprised to find a “don denton.” westlake: a wonderful author with a great taste for names. 	catr theatre science ashley williamson and i were supposed to be in montreal in may for partition/ensemble , this year’s joint conference of the canadian association for theatre research and la société québécoise d’études théâtrale. we were going to do a workshop on theatre science. the in-person conference was cancelled, of course, and instead they’re having a relaxed digital conference. it started on monday and runs to august: everyone who was going to do something has instead either posted something online (a pdf, a narrated presentation, a video) or (in a few cases) will be doing a live talk. for example, the panel discussion on theatre and climate change was done a little while ago in a video call, recorded and then transcribed. all the conference participants can watch it and leave comments. (an advantage of moving online is that all the content is available for free for everyone else, too.) ashley and i decided we’d do a “thirty minute immersive audio experience,” which we later realized was really a “forty minute radio play.” it is made of seventeen scenes that start with the conception of the idea and end with a brief excerpt of experiment one, the full performance. there are three audio environments: flat narration (for facts), phone conversations, and meetings in the great hall of the arts and letters club (which we recorded over zoom; i added room tone from recordings i’d made last year). see the theatre science site for the downloads. an mp and the full script are available (both under a cc by license). screenshot of zoom recording session only participants will be able to leave comments on the conference web site, but feel free to email ashley and me about it if you like. 	ron graham i was sorry to hear that ron graham, the great mathematician and juggler, died last week. i first heard of him decades ago, in my teens, and he seemed amazing: he did math and juggled and was a magician and helped paul erdős and did many, many other things. i never met him or even saw him in person, but he was always out there as an inspiration. just last month i read magical mathematics: the mathematical ideas that animate great magic tricks, which he wrote with persi diaconis. some obits: american mathematical society obit international jugglers’ association obit numberphile podcast obit a remarkable life, and one from which we can all learn lessons. here’s a video clip from where he talks about juggling and math. .bt-video-container iframe,.bt-video-container object,.bt-video-container embed{position:absolute;top: ;left: ;width: %;height: %;margin-top: } iii — moderat | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. moderat iii play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 march iii ( ) iii is the third studio album by electronic trio moderat. a box set was also released for the deluxe edition which included extra albums: iii 'instrumentals' and iii 'bonus tracks & remixes'. released on april , on monkeytown records. track listing: 	 . eating hooks 	 . running 	 . finder 	 . ghostmother 	 . reminder 	 . the fool 	 . intruder 	 . animal trails 	 . ethereal cd - iii (instrumentals) 	 . eating hooks (instrumental version) 	 . running (instrumental version) 	 . finder 	 . ghostmother (instrumental version) 	 . reminder (instrumental version) 	 . the f… read more iii ( ) iii is the third studio album by electronic trio moderat. a box set was also released for the deluxe edition which included extra albums… read more iii ( ) iii is the third studio album by electronic trio moderat. a box set was also released for the deluxe edition which included extra albums: iii 'instrumentals' and i… read more related tags 	 releases 	 	electronic 	house 	maximinimal add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running 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shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more moderat , listeners related tags 	electronic 	idm 	techno moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch control ("auf kosten der gesundheit"). when it came time to begin working on an album, moderat suddenly broke up. meanwhile modeselektor set a milestone in german music history with their sophomore album, happy birthday!, including musicians such as puppetmastaz, maximo park and thom yorke. amongst a slew of remixes for the likes of thom yorke… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch c… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 apparat , listeners 	 modeselektor , listeners 	 ellen allien & apparat , listeners 	 kiasmos , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners 	 trentemøller , listeners 	 christian löffler , listeners 	 phon.o , listeners 	 weval , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 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available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. moderat play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release bad kingdom – head high & marcel dettmann remixes june play album 	 popular this week a new error , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	berlin, germany moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch control ("auf kosten der gesundheit"). when it came time to begin working on an album, moderat suddenly broke up. meanwhile modeselektor set a milestone in german music history with their sophomore album, happy birthday!, including musicians such as puppetmastaz, maximo park and thom yorke. amongst a slew of remixes for the likes of thom yorke… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch control ("auf kosten der gesundheit"). when it ca… read more moderat are modeselektor and apparat. moderat's formation began back in in berlin, germany when sascha ring (aka apparat) and gernot bronsert and sebastian szary (aka modeselektor) recorded an ep for the record label bpitch control ("auf kosten der gesundheit"). when it came time to begin working on an album, moderat suddenly broke up. meanwhi… read more related tags 	electronic 	idm 	techno 	glitch 	bpitch control add tagsview all tags similar to 	 apparat 	 modeselektor 	 ellen allien & apparat view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 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scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday 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	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 moderat.fm 	 twitter (@moderatofficial) 	 facebook (moderat.band) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday 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august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 moderat.fm 	 twitter (@moderatofficial) 	 facebook (moderat.band) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 apparat , listeners 	 modeselektor , listeners 	 ellen allien & apparat , listeners 	 kiasmos , listeners 	 jon hopkins , listeners 	 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norken & nyquist | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. norken & nyquist synchronized minds play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 april do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	techno add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 anhip 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 imago 	 norken & _nyquist 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 aux patch 	 norken & _nyquist 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 mutual 	 norken & _nyquist 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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	loading 	 micro expression / scipridc _nyquist listeners play album buy 	loading 	 retape retape listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 quantized memories xirtam listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cymatic ep g-prod listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the guidance of ancestry eric "the" taylor listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hrafnagil futuregrapher listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the vacuum state rob clouth , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 soul static bureau norken , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 braconian beta steven rutter & kirk degiorgio listeners play album buy 	loading 	 science of sound ep tim jackiw listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 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_nyquist listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday 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friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close offthesky music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. offthesky play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release psalm of solum june play album 	 popular this week gently, drown the scene listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in the womb by performing on the uterus wall to cope with the intense darkness. he finally forged an escape plan in and upgraded his musical medium to a sterling kitchen floor kit. many years later during the dark ages of the /amiga, jason retired the cutlery to began forging into the vast void of bit tracking. later he began his travels to countless electronic music events which catalysted hi… read more offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in the womb by performing on the uterus wall to cope with the intense darkness. he finally forged an escape p… read more offthesky is the more current, evolved moniker that equals works created by jason corder, also known as off the sky, and formerly known zen sauvage. jason began devising sonic schemes in the womb by performing on the uterus wall to cope with the intense darkness. he finally forged an escape plan in and upgraded his musical medium to a sterling kitchen floor … read more related tags 	ambient 	glitch 	soundscape 	experimental 	minimal add tagsview all tags similar to 	 kate carr 	 motionfield 	 shuttle view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 gently, drown the scene 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 terra firma 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 o holy night 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 an affair on invisibility 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 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on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. moss covered technology slow walking play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 august do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	new age 	british 	drone 	eilean rec add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 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listeners 	 tsone , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday 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november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community 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	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. max richter mary queen of scots (original motion picture soundtrack) play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks 	release date 	 december 	length 	 tracks 	release date 	 december do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical 	ost 	score add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the shores of scotland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 elizabeth's portrait 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 a claim to the throne 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 if ye love me 	 the london voices 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 	 listener 	 	 play track 	 love 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listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 finale 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 lumiere dustin o'halloran , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ab ovo joep beving , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 down to the bone sylvain chauveau , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 room to expand hauschka , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 koyaanisqatsi philip glass , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ...and they have escaped the weight of darkness Ólafur arnalds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 viaggi in aeromobile fabrizio paterlini , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 divenire ludovico einaudi , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 screws nils frahm , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 keys library tapes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 memoryhouse max richter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the undivided five a winged victory for the sullen , listeners play album buy 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recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 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november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.maxrichtermusic.com 	 twitter (@maxrichtermusic) 	 facebook (maxrichtermusic) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more max richter , listeners related tags 	ambient 	contemporary classical 	neoclassical max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early s. richter is classically trained, having graduated in composition from the royal academy of music and studied with luciano berio in italy. richter is known for his prolific output: composing and recording his own music; writing for stage, opera, ballet and screen; producing and collaborating on the records of others; and collaborating with performanc… read more max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternat… read more max richter (born march ) is a german-born british composer who has been an influential voice in post-minimalist composition and in the meeting of contemporary classical and alternative popular musical styles since the early … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 jóhann jóhannsson , listeners 	 Ólafur arnalds , listeners 	 nils frahm , listeners 	 dustin o'halloran , listeners 	 abel korzeniowski , listeners 	 fabrizio paterlini , listeners 	 a winged victory for the sullen , listeners 	 luke howard , listeners 	 ludovico einaudi , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 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terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close drawn and quartered — oneohtrix point never | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. oneohtrix point never drawn and quartered more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	experimental 	electronic 	psychedelic add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 r plus seven oneohtrix point never , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 burial burial , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 incunabula autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 for those of you who have never (and also those who have) huerco s. , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the disintegration loops (remastered) william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sushi james ferraro , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 narkopop gas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 what happened emeralds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 splazsh actress , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the tired sounds of stars of the lid stars of the lid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 blanck mass blanck mass , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 music has the right to children boards of canada , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 r plus seven oneohtrix point never , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 burial burial , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 incunabula autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 for those of you who have never (and also those who have) huerco s. , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 the disintegration loops (remastered) william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sushi james ferraro , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 narkopop gas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 what happened emeralds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 splazsh actress , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the tired sounds of stars of the lid stars of the lid , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 blanck mass blanck mass , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 music has the right to children boards of canada , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more oneohtrix point never , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	experimental daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker in , and received early acclaim in for the compilation rifts. in subsequent years, he released albums such as replica ( ) and r plus seven ( ) to critical praise and signed to british label warp, while also taking part in a number of side-projects, collaborations, and film scores. born and raised in massachusetts, lopatin is the son of … read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasi… read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 james ferraro , listeners 	 tim hecker , listeners 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin , listeners 	 autechre , listeners 	 actress , listeners 	 laurel halo , listeners 	 aphex twin , , listeners 	 emeralds , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday 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know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close pagan oceans i, ii, iii — tsone | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. tsone pagan oceans i, ii, iii more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 october do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	drone 	ambient 	noise 	american 	haunting add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 kitsu's song 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 a good cleansing always sets one's mind to rights 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wind tunnels 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 lacunae 	 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listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 halfway through suburbia 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 let's be honest with ourselves 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 once more with feeling 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 double vision 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 sits this one out, pt. 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 echo sandwich 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 these are lessons we all learn 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 quarry bends 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 paper cuts 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 background musics christopher sisk , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i'll make you quiet radere , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 imagined distances eternell listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pagan oceans i tsone listeners play album buy 	loading 	 satumaa wouter veldhuis , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pandora igneous flame & ensueno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 st report reverberant evenings listeners play album buy 	loading 	 resting in aspic listening mirror , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for a sad guitar rest you sleeping giant listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hidden amongst the trees and foothills black brunswicker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a place to belong time being listeners play album buy 	loading 	 low priest erinome listeners play album buy 	loading 	 background musics christopher sisk , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 i'll make you quiet radere , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 imagined distances eternell listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pagan oceans i tsone listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 satumaa wouter veldhuis , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pandora igneous flame & ensueno , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 st report reverberant evenings listeners play album buy 	loading 	 resting in aspic listening mirror , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 songs for a sad guitar rest you sleeping giant listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hidden amongst the trees and foothills black brunswicker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a place to belong time being listeners play album buy 	loading 	 low priest erinome listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 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september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more tsone , listeners related tags 	drone 	ambient 	noise tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist from finland . tony obr is a multimedia artist, sound designer, and composer whose design aesthetic focuses mainly on the innovative uses of sound in a non-musical context. in the past few years his work has centered on the development of interactive systems for dance performances and art installations. he lives in phoenix, arizona . tsone is a an amateur electronic music production hobbyist fr… read more tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist… read more tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist from finland . tony obr is a multimedia arti… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 pillow garden , listeners 	 porky , listeners 	 easychord , listeners 	 christopher sisk , listeners 	 igneous flame & ensueno , listeners 	 bob guido , listeners 	 reverberant evenings , listeners 	 wings of an angel , listeners 	 time being , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 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wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday 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tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close #vtditc vol : intro to djing and fair use - youtube aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc garden of delete — oneohtrix point never | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. oneohtrix point never garden of delete play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 november garden of delete is the seventh studio album by oneohtrix point never. released on november on warp records. view wiki garden of delete is the seventh studio album by oneohtrix point never. released on november on warp records. view wiki garden of delete is the seventh studio album by oneohtrix point never. released on november on warp records. view wiki related tags 	 	electronic 	experimental 	progressive electronic 	ambient add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 intro 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 ezra 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 eccojamc 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sticky drama 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 sdfk 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 mutant standard 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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album buy 	loading 	 neo cali vektroid , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 dissolvi steve hauschildt , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 drukqs aphex twin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 incunabula autechre , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 geogaddi boards of canada , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 harmony in ultraviolet tim hecker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 what happened emeralds , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 for those of you who have never (and also those who have) huerco s. , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 psychic secession yellow swans , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 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friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.pointnever.com 	 twitter (@ pn) 	 facebook (oneohtrix) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more oneohtrix point never , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	experimental daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker in , and received early acclaim in for the compilation rifts. in subsequent years, he released albums such as replica ( ) and r plus seven ( ) to critical praise and signed to british label warp, while also taking part in a number of side-projects, collaborations, and film scores. born and raised in massachusetts, lopatin is the son of … read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasi… read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 james ferraro , listeners 	 tim hecker , listeners 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin , listeners 	 autechre , listeners 	 actress , listeners 	 laurel halo , listeners 	 aphex twin , , listeners 	 emeralds , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday 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november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 www.pointnever.com 	 twitter (@ pn) 	 facebook (oneohtrix) 	 soundcloud trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close thee oh sees music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. thee oh sees play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release protean threat september play album 	 popular this week poem , listeners photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	san francisco, california, united states osees (formerly 'oh sees') are a band from san francisco, california, usa. the group began as an outlet for john dwyer to release his instrumental, experimental home recordings, and over the course of several albums evolved into a full band. the band is noted for both its prolific album releases, energetic live shows, and their whimsical visual aesthetic that juxtaposes cartoon imagery and horror. the band has changed its name several times, being known as orinoka crash suite, ocs, orange county sound, the ohsees, thee oh sees. some say john dwyer (of coachwhips, pink &… read more osees (formerly 'oh sees') are a band from san francisco, california, usa. the group began as an outlet for john dwyer to release his instrumental, experimental home recordings, and over the course of several albums evolved into a full band. the band is noted for both its prolific a… read more osees (formerly 'oh sees') are a band from san francisco, california, usa. the group began as an outlet for john dwyer to release his instrumental, experimental home recordings, and over the course of several albums evolved into a full band. the band is noted for both its prolific album releases, energetic live shows, and their whimsical visual aestheti… read more related tags 	garage rock 	lo-fi 	psychedelic 	garage 	bagel add tagsview all tags similar to 	 ty segall 	 fuzz 	 king gizzard & the lizard wizard view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 poem 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 scramble experiment 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the dream 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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hulks 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 carrion crawler / the dream , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 floating coffin , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 putrifiers ii , listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 help , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 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upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 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tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 may 	 	 thee oh sees 	 the crossing, birmingham, united kingdom 	 going 	 may 	 	 thee oh sees 	 cambridge junction, cambridge, united kingdom 	 going 	 may 	 	 thee oh sees 	 swx, bristol, united kingdom 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.theeohsees.com 	 facebook (theeohsees) similar artists play all 	 ty segall , listeners 	 fuzz , listeners 	 king gizzard & the lizard wizard , listeners 	 the murlocs , listeners 	 ty segall band , listeners 	 wand , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close oneohtrix point never music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. oneohtrix point never play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release kcrw session tx / / november play album 	 popular this week long road home , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 july (age ) 	born in 	wayland, middlesex county, massachusetts, united states daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker in , and received early acclaim in for the compilation rifts. in subsequent years, he released albums such as replica ( ) and r plus seven ( ) to critical praise and signed to british label warp, while also taking part in a number of side-projects, collaborations, and film scores. born and raised in massachusetts, lopatin is the son of … read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker in , and received early acclaim in for the compi… read more daniel lopatin (born july ), best known by the recording alias oneohtrix point never, is an american experimental musician, composer, and producer based in brooklyn. he began releasing electronic recordings under the opn moniker in , and received early acclaim in for the compilation rifts. in subsequent years, he released albums such as replica ( … read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	experimental 	electronic 	psychedelic add tagsview all tags similar to 	 james ferraro 	 tim hecker 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 long road home 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 babylon 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 i don’t love me anymore 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 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track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 cross talk ii 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 r plus seven , listeners sep · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 replica , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 love in the time of lexapro , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 garden of delete , listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 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thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.pointnever.com 	 twitter (@ pn) 	 facebook (oneohtrix) 	 soundcloud similar artists play all 	 james ferraro , listeners 	 tim hecker , listeners 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin , listeners 	 autechre , listeners 	 actress , listeners 	 laurel halo , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 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platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. tim hecker harmony in ultraviolet play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 january 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 january harmony in ultraviolet is the fourth studio album by canadian experimental musician tim hecker, released on october , on kranky. view wiki harmony in ultraviolet is the fourth studio album by canadian experimental musician tim hecker, released on october , on kranky. view wiki harmony in ultraviolet is the fourth studio album by canadian experimental musician tim hecker, released on october , on kranky. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	 	electronic 	noise add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 rainbow blood 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 stags, aircraft, kings and secretaries 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 palimpsest i 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 chimeras 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 harmony in blue iv 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 radio spiricom 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 whitecaps of white noise i 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 whitecaps of white noise ii 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 blood rainbow 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 dumb flesh blanck mass , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the man who died in his boat grouper , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aftertime roly porter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 first narrows loscil , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 endless summer fennesz , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 consciousness windy & carl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a colour for autumn lawrence english , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pop gas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fantasma parastasie aidan baker & tim hecker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love in the time of lexapro oneohtrix point never , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ravedeath, tim hecker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dumb flesh blanck mass , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 the man who died in his boat grouper , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 aftertime roly porter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 first narrows loscil , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 endless summer fennesz , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 consciousness windy & carl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a colour for autumn lawrence english , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pop gas , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 fantasma parastasie aidan baker & tim hecker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 love in the time of lexapro oneohtrix point never , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ravedeath, tim hecker , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 william basinski , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 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	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.sunblind.net 	 twitter (@tim_hecker) 	 facebook (timheckermusic) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more tim hecker , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	electronic tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known internationally for recordings released under his own name, such as harmony in ultraviolet ( ) and ravedeath, ( ). he has released eight albums and a number of eps in addition to collaborations with artists such as ben frost, daniel lopatin, and aidan baker. his latest album love streams was released on his new label ad on april . born in vancouver, hecker is the son of two art teach… read more tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known inte… read more tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known internationally for recordings released under his … read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin , listeners 	 fennesz , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners 	 aidan baker & tim hecker , listeners 	 oneohtrix point never , listeners 	 jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners 	 william basinski , listeners 	 grouper , listeners 	 ben frost , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday 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york to his mother's home in everett, wa. in these relatively isolated conditions, hadreas felt a compulsion to make music and began composing fragile yet brutally honest songs on the piano. by he had set up a myspace page and began offering his music there, along with similarly spare and evocative homemade music videos. turnstile released the single mr. peterson – the tale of a suicidal, pedophile high-school teacher – in… read more mike hadreas, also known as perfume genius is a singer/songwriter from seattle, washington, us. perfume genius began when he moved from new york to his mother's home in everett, wa. in these relatively isolated conditions, hadreas felt a compulsion to make music and began composing frag… read more mike hadreas, also known as perfume genius is a singer/songwriter from seattle, washington, us. perfume genius began when he moved from new york to his mother's home in everett, wa. in these relatively isolated conditions, hadreas felt a compulsion to make music 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	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 aug 	 	 tame impala 	 gorge amphitheatre, george, united states 	 going add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 perfumegenius.org 	 twitter (@perfumegenius) 	 facebook (perfumegeniusofficial) 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 moses sumney , listeners 	 fiona apple , , listeners 	 phoebe bridgers , listeners 	 sufjan stevens , , listeners 	 waxahatchee , listeners 	 arca , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close biden's name in sign language resembles gang sign, some say - los angeles times 	 business 	 california 	 climate & environment 	 entertainment & arts 	 en español 	 food 	 hot property 	 housing & homelessness 	 lifestyle 	 obituaries 	 opinion 	 politics 	 science 	 sports 	 travel 	 world & nation 	 _________________ 	 about us 	 about us 	 archives 	 company news 	 for the record 	 got a tip? 	 l.a. times careers 	 l.a. times store 	 newsroom directory 	 reprints, rights & permissions 	 about us 	 archives 	 company news 	 for the 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subscription 	 ezpay 	 delivery issue 	 enewspaper 	 students & educators 	 subscribe 	 subscriber terms 	 manage subscription 	 ezpay 	 delivery issue 	 enewspaper 	 students & educators 	 subscribe 	 subscriber terms copyright © , los angeles times | terms of service | privacy policy | ca notice of collection | do not sell my personal information sections 	california 	entertainment 	sports 	food 	climate 	opinion 	| 	place an ad 	crossword 	enewspaper show search search query submit search advertisement 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 show more sharing options share close extra sharing options 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 linkedin 	 email 	 copy link urlcopied! 	 print california biden has a new moniker in sign language. some say it looks like a gang sign the deaf community has been unable to unify around a single american sign language name for president-elect joe biden. (drew angerer / getty images) by sonja sharpstaff writer  nov. , : pm 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 show more sharing options share close extra sharing options 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 linkedin 	 email 	 copy link urlcopied! 	 print deaf americans are picking a new name for president-elect joe biden, shorthand that would replace b-i-d-e-n in colloquial american sign language. but many have taken to social media this week to denounce the top contender, saying it looks like a gang sign. “we bipoc completely disagree with that [sign],” american sign language influencer and tiktok star nakia smith signed in a video on monday, using the acronym for black, indigenous and people of color. "[the sign] feels so unsafe for us.” the contested sign — one of a handful under consideration — is meant to evoke the president-elect’s signature ray-ban sunglasses. but smith and others say it resembles a “c” sign used by members of the crips gang in some american cities and could be dangerous for signers of color and embarrassing to the the incoming administration. view this post on instagram i signed what i signed a post shared by my hands are loud enough (@itscharmay) on nov , at : am pst advertisement the “sign name for biden don’t look good for him,” she wrote in response to a comments on instagram. “he said he got our back [as black americans] so we ain’t [trying to] make him look stupid.” asl sign names are often bestowed by friends or family in childhood. but the process of naming a prominent hearing person, like choosing the shorthand for a social media service or novel disease, can lead to disagreement. “the deaf community tends to come together to create new signs when our society experiences changes,” said michael agyin, a deaf activist in l.a. and the founder of the compton asl club. “just as a sign for the coronavirus came about, the same applies to the new president.” a sign language interpreter during a speech by joe biden on july at the william hicks anderson community center in wilmington, del. (mark makela / getty images) advertisement presidential sign names typically follow one of three major conventions: initials, physical appearance or reputation. presidents john f. kennedy and franklin d. roosevelt fall squarely into the first category, as do barack obama and abraham lincoln, though the latter two add a physical flourish: obama’s “b” flutters out in the shape of a flag, while lincoln’s “l” springs up from the forehead like a top hat. on the opposite end of the spectrum is the popular sign name for donald trump, which bears no lexical relationship to the president’s name in english but deftly evokes his iconic comb-over. “the sign name can go both ways, either positive or negative,” agyin said. “there can be other signs, but it won’t be dominant.” advertisement to wit: presidents bill clinton and richard nixon were both rechristened with sign names that evoked their political scandals. since watergate, the sign for nixon has combined the hand shape for “n” with the motion for “liar,” while a popular sign name for clinton has incorporated the word for “affair” since his impeachment. california how do you sign ‘black lives matter’ in asl? for black deaf angelenos, it’s complicated california how do you sign ‘black lives matter’ in asl? for black deaf angelenos, it’s complicated for deaf angelenos of color, and particularly those who are black, the language they sign among themselves is strikingly different from what’s on tv. the tension is evident in a seemingly simple phrase like “black lives matter.” yet despite his long life in the public eye, biden has yet to inspire a single, common moniker. “one reason biden’s sign name is tricky is that he has no strong visual characteristics that make him stand out,” agyin said. “i mean, biden has been around in politics for years, and this is the first time he’s actually getting a sign name.” advertisement while the sunglasses sign has stirred controversy, signers have so far failed to unify around an alternative. an initial-based name has been criticized for looking too much like obama’s. another, evoking biden’s slicked-back hair, likewise failed to launch. some have floated signs evoking biden’s crooked smile, which agyin and others hope may catch on. but whatever the community chooses, the president-elect should cherish his new name, the activist said. “biden should be proud and honored he’s getting a new sign name,” agyin said. “because he’s adding new sign language vocabulary, and that’s definitely awesome.” californiapoliticsworld & nation newsletter the stories shaping california get up to speed with our essential california newsletter, sent six days a week. enter email address sign me up you may occasionally receive promotional content from the los angeles times. sonja sharp follow us 	 twitter 	 instagram 	 email 	 facebook sonja sharp covers the westside for the los angeles times. subscribers are reading 	 california ‘i’ve seen people die.’ covid- slams central valley hospitals, as many resist lockdowns california ‘i’ve seen people die.’ covid- slams central valley hospitals, as many resist lockdowns as medical providers plead with their communities to help them control the coronavirus, some workers and business owners say they can’t afford to listen. more coverage covid- wave battering suburban counties tracking the coronavirus in california 	 california with l.a. courts paralyzed by covid- , public defenders say caseloads are ‘unconscionable’ california with l.a. courts paralyzed by covid- , public defenders say caseloads are ‘unconscionable’ public defenders across los angeles county say their caseloads have doubled, and in some cases tripled, as the coronavirus has all but paralyzed jury trials. 	 politics mcmanus: trump has changed tactics in his election fight. his new approach is more dangerous politics mcmanus: trump has changed tactics in his election fight. his new approach is more dangerous trump’s challenge to vote counts has become a brazen demand to award him the election — and strengthen his control of the republican party. more coverage supreme court rejects trump’s last-chance lawsuit to undo biden victory 	 world & nation infected after minutes, from feet away: south korea study shows coronavirus’ spread indoors world & nation infected after minutes, from feet away: south korea study shows coronavirus’ spread indoors a south korean study raises concerns that six feet of social distance may not be far enough to keep people safe from the coronavirus. more coverage covid- hit latinos hard. now officials must build trust around vaccine in the community coronavirus and pandemic 	 science fda review says moderna’s covid- vaccine is safe and effective science fda review says moderna’s covid- vaccine is safe and effective a food and drug administration analysis finds moderna’s covid- vaccine to be safe and effective, making its authorization for emergency use likely. more coverage your questions about covid- vaccines answered tracking the coronavirus in california 	 world & nation why is the european union taking so long to ok a covid- vaccine? world & nation why is the european union taking so long to ok a covid- vaccine? as americans, britons and canadians begin receiving shots, pressure is building on the eu’s regulator to approve the pfizer-biontech covid- vaccine. 	 california with vaccine, california enters new phase in the coronavirus pandemic california with vaccine, california enters new phase in the coronavirus pandemic but while the vaccine offers promise, it comes as the u.s. is facing the darkest moment of the coronavirus crisis. on monday, the u.s. death toll topped , , and california, like much of the nation, is in the throes of the worst wave of the disease. 	 california icu capacity explained california icu capacity explained public health officials are anxiously tracking the capacity of intensive care units as coronavirus case numbers surge. why is that metric important? 	 california l.a. city attorney files multimillion-dollar lawsuit against underground nightclub la party society california l.a. city attorney files multimillion-dollar lawsuit against underground nightclub la party society the city is seeking millions in damages from the underground nightclub la party society, accusing manager yves oscar jr. and others of holding crowded events amid a surging pandemic. 	 	 	 advertisement latest california 	 california claremont church depicts black lives matter protest in nativity scene california claremont church depicts black lives matter protest in nativity scene a nativity scene at claremont united methodist church shows a crowd of people holding signs reading,"i can’t breathe” and “black lives matter” behind statues of mary, joseph and jesus. 	 california ‘is it worth it?’ how distance learning brings new challenges to college applications california ‘is it worth it?’ how distance learning brings new challenges to college applications amid virtual learning, replicating the college counseling process online has been difficult, with some students opting out. others continue to be resilient despite challenges. 	 california in love and in limbo, a texas rancher separated from her husband by immigration policy california in love and in limbo, a texas rancher separated from her husband by immigration policy with covid and trump’s immigration policies, it took months for this texas rancher to bring her brazilian husband to the u.s. biden could move to ease restrictions. 	 california lapd union seeks to raise $ million to fight layoffs and help political allies in california lapd union seeks to raise $ million to fight layoffs and help political allies in the lapd’s largest union is looking to raise at least $ million from members to fight cuts and support its favored candidates in . 	 california column: why the ‘beginning of the end’ of covid- is further away than some think california column: why the ‘beginning of the end’ of covid- is further away than some think for years, the faculty of charles r. drew university has built trust in south l.a. it’s the best chance of beating hesitancy about the covid- vaccine. advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement advertisement subscribe for unlimited access follow us 	 twitter 	 instagram 	 youtube 	 facebook 	 	 enewspaper 	 coupons 	 find/post jobs 	 place an ad 	 media kit: why the l. a. times? 	 bestcovery 	 	 crossword 	 sudoku 	 obituaries 	 podcasts 	 recipes 	 wine club 	 	 about/contact 	 for the record 	 l.a. times careers 	 manage subscription 	 reprints and permissions 	 site map copyright © , los angeles times | terms of service | privacy policy | ca notice of collection | do not sell my personal information set my heart on fire immediately — perfume genius | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 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listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday 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december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , external links 	 apple music 	 perfumegenius.org 	 twitter (@perfumegenius) 	 facebook (perfumegeniusofficial) 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more perfume genius , listeners related tags 	singer-songwriter 	ambient 	experimental mike hadreas, also known as perfume genius is a singer/songwriter from seattle, washington, us. perfume genius began when he moved from new york to his mother's home in everett, wa. in these relatively isolated conditions, hadreas felt a compulsion to make music and began composing fragile yet brutally honest songs on the piano. by he had set up a myspace page and began offering his music there, along with similarly spare and evocative homemade music videos. turnstile released the single mr. peterson – the tale of a suicidal, pedophile high-school teacher – in… read more mike hadreas, also known as perfume genius is a singer/songwriter from seattle, washington, us. perfume genius began when he moved from new york to his mother's home in everett, wa. i… read more mike hadreas, also known as perfume genius is a singer/songwriter from seattle, washington, us. perfume genius began when he moved from new york to his mother's home in everett, wa. in these relatively isolated conditions, hadrea… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 moses sumney , listeners 	 fiona apple , , listeners 	 phoebe bridgers , listeners 	 sufjan stevens , , listeners 	 waxahatchee , listeners 	 arca , listeners 	 st. vincent , , listeners 	 julia holter , listeners 	 laura marling , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday 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	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 perfumegenius.org 	 twitter (@perfumegenius) 	 facebook (perfumegeniusofficial) 	 instagram trending 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playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. inkdroid ed summers • scrobbling since aug 	 overview (current section) 	 reports 	 library 	 playlists 	 following 	 followers 	 loved tracks 	 obsessions 	 events 	 neighbours 	 tags 	 shouts play track top track all day long new order hi! 	 scrobbles , 	 artists , 	 loved tracks play track top track all day long new order recent tracks 	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	timestamp 	 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 i had to rewrite wikipedia's sauce article (series finale) 	 alex 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	  hours ago 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 - - - 	 ana roxanne 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : am 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 suite pour l'invisible 	 ana roxanne 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : am 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 a study in vastness 	 ana roxanne 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : am 	 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 apathy 	 gia margaret 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : am 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 untitled 	 ana roxanne 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : pm 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 si 	 autechre 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : pm 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 f 	 autechre 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : pm 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 m lema 	 autechre 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : pm 	 play track 	 	 inkdroid doesn't love this track 	 lichtung 	 pantha du prince 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 go to track 	 go to track in library 	 go to artist 	 go to artist in library 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 dec : pm more tracks want your own personalised music charts? join last.fm for free to get your own music profile! join last.fm listening reports last.week dec — dec last.year top artists sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	 david newlyn plays 	 mary lattimore plays 	 k-lone plays 	 neil young plays 	 mariem hassan plays more artists don't want to see 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not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close kaziwa — porya hatami | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. porya hatami kaziwa more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 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compositions explore the balance between electronics and environmental sounds, utilizing processed acoustic and electronic sources and field recording. his first album, 'land', was released on somehow recordings http://poryahatami.com/ bandcamp soundcloud twitter view wiki porya hatami (b. ) is an experimental sound artist based in sanandaj, iran. working in the field of ambient/minimal. his compositions explore the balance between electronics and environm… read more porya hatami (b. ) is an experimental sound artist based in sanandaj, iran. working in the field of ambient/minimal. his compositions explore the balance between electronics and environmental sounds, utilizing processed acoustic and… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 pjusk , listeners 	 ex confusion , listeners 	 kwajbasket , listeners 	 pausal , listeners 	 oren ambarchi , listeners 	 hakobune , listeners 	 marcus fischer , listeners 	 wil bolton , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners view all 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Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close renovatio — purl | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch 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imprint mule electronic, appearances on tea drops international and a full length release on lovezone records, alve… read more ludvig cimbrelius has been quietly developing a catalog of beautifully expressive electronic compositions for over a decade. currently residing in the woods of höör, the swedish native has … read more ludvig cimbrelius has been quietly developing a catalog of beautifully expressive electronic compositions for over a decade. currently residing in the woods of höör, the swedish native has been making an unprecedented impression with h… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 purl & deflektion , listeners 	 warmth , listeners 	 purl & sinius , listeners 	 bvdub , listeners 	 robert farrugia , listeners 	 svlbrd , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 illuvia listeners 	 quantec , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your 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	biography 	cataloging 	_descriptive cataloging 	__aacr 	__rda 	_subject cataloging 	__lcsh 	__lcc 	_authority control 	__authority record 	_cutter’s objects 	_ifla icp 	_ifla lrm 	_marc 	_bibframe 	_cataloging tools 	_cataloging examples 	_metadata 	dissertation 	_research 	encyclopedia 	glossary 	lis laws 	_lis courses 	_lis videos 	on this day 	_book & copyright day 	_library lovers day 	quiz 	_lis exams (india) quiz 	quote 	_i love being a librarian free blogger templates controversies in the library of congress subject headings (lcsh): the case of illegal aliens april , library of congress subject headings (lcsh) includes some headings which are considered pejorative, disrespectful or biased by some people. in this article, we shall discuss one such lcsh heading "illegal aliens." contents 	introduction to the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) 	controversies in the library of congress subject headings (lcsh): the case of illegal aliens 	illegal aliens 	screenshots of the heading illegal aliens in lcsh from the library of congress website 	background 	change the subject - a documentary 	the project 	change the subject movie trailer 	change the subject full movie 	conclusion introduction to the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) library of congress subject headings (lcsh) is the list of headings produced from the subject authority file maintained by the united states library of congress for use in bibliographic records. it is popularly known by its abbreviation as lcsh and is sometimes used interchangeably with the phrase subject authority file. lcsh is a controlled vocabulary. a single word or phrase is chosen to represent each concept that is included, and synonyms are provided as see-references to that heading. it also indicates relationships between and among headings. it is not a true thesaurus, though, because for historical reasons it does not completely conform to the international standard on thesaurus construction. lcsh comprises the complete alphabetic list of terms to be used as controlled vocabulary for subject concepts by the catalogers of the library of congress and other libraries to provide such controlled subject access to surrogate records. lcsh has been used in cataloging since at the library of congress in assigning subject headings to facilitate subject access to the resources in its library catalog. lcsh is a multidisciplinary vocabulary that includes headings in all subjects, from science to religion, to history, social science, education, literature, and philosophy. it also includes headings for geographic features, ethnic groups, historical events, building names, etc. library of congress subject headings (lcsh) is the most widely used subject vocabulary in the world.  lcsh comprises a thesaurus or a controlled vocabulary of subject headings which is used by a cataloger or an indexer to assign subject headings to a bibliographic record to represent the subject of a work he/she is cataloging. lcsh contains the preferred subject access terms (controlled vocabulary) that are assigned as an added entry in the bibliographic record which works as an access point and enables the work to be searched and retrieved by subject from the library catalog database. the controlled vocabulary identifies synonym terms and selects one preferred term among them to be used as the subject heading. for homonyms, it explicitly identifies the multiple concepts expressed by that word or phrase. cross-references are used with headings to direct the user from terms not used as headings to the term that is used, and from broader and related topics to the one chosen to represent a given subject. the fortieth edition of library of congress subject headings (lcsh ) contains headings established by the library through january . the headings included in this list were obtained by creating a file consisting of all subject heading and subdivision records in verified status in the subject authority file at the library of congress. there were , authority records in the file then. the subject authority database from which the headings in this edition were drawn indicates that the file contains approximately , personal name headings of which , represent family names, , corporate headings, meeting or conference headings, uniform titles, , topical subject headings, and , geographic subject headings. there are general use references, , general see also references, , references from one usable heading to another, and , references from unused terms to used headings. controversies in the library of congress subject headings (lcsh): the case of illegal aliens crystal vaughan in her article the language of cataloguing: deconstructing and decolonizing systems of organization in libraries⁶ writes: "as society, politics, and economies change, so too does the language of representation. therefore, the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) as a system of categorization is only as effective as the language that is used to define what is and what is not. moreover, those who control the language of categorization control access to the information categorized within that system. consequently, librarians must always be critical of the language they are using in their information organization systems. language is continuously evolving according to societal discourse and politics; therefore, if libraries are to maintain their social responsibility to provide information to all, including socially disadvantaged and marginalized peoples, then librarians must continuously advocate for changes to subject headings. librarians must also recognize and reflect on their own internal biases when cataloguing and make it their job to deconstruct language and decolonize the systems that perpetuate the continued marginalization of others ...  despite the many changes that have been implemented in the lcsh, there are still many lcsh that marginalize and dehumanize vulnerable, disadvantaged, and/or minority populations, which therefore restricts their access to information. if libraries are to maintain their social responsibility to provide information to all, including socially disadvantaged and marginalized peoples (ifla, )⁷, then librarians must continue to advocate for changes to politically charged or controversial subject headings. " illegal aliens “illegal aliens” is a controversial lcsh heading that is used for undocumented immigrant persons who are not citizens of the country in which they reside. for many years, the library of congress categorized many of its books under a controversial subject heading: “illegal aliens.”⁴ screenshots of the heading illegal aliens in lcsh from the library of congress website 	 	lcsh heading - illegal aliens [source: library of congress authorities] 	 	lcsh heading - illegal aliens [source: library of congress linked data service] background in , dartmouth undergraduate and former undocumented immigrant, melissa padilla, came across the current lcsh “illegal aliens” while doing research. angered, padilla stated the term is essentially used to “criminalize the choices our parents made in order to provide us with better lives,” and is meant to demean mexican immigrants specifically. padilla brought up the issue with dartmouth students at a meeting of the coalition for immigration reform, equality and dreamers, which, with the help of dartmouth librarians, submitted a formal request to lc in to replace the term “illegal aliens” with “undocumented immigrants.” in february , lc publicly responded that it would not change the heading. following discussions in ala including within the subject analysis committee (sac), social responsibilities roundtable, and reforma, ala formulated a resolution asking lc to reconsider the original request, arguing that “aliens” and “illegal aliens” are pejorative terms.⁸ in , the library of congress announced that it would reconsider the usage of “aliens” and its related terms in the library of congress subject headings, following a student-led movement to change the pejorative term “illegal aliens.” yet, three years on, these terms remain in the lcsh.⁵ on march , , the library made a momentous decision, announcing that it was canceling the subject heading “illegal aliens” in favor of “noncitizens” and “unauthorized immigration.” however, the decision was overturned a few months later, when the house of representatives ordered the library to continue using the term “illegal alien.” they said they decided this in order to duplicate the language of federal laws written by congress. this was the first time congress ever intervened over a library of congress subject heading change. even though many librarians and the american library association opposed congress’s decision, “illegal aliens” remains the authorized subject heading today. cataloging and classification are critical to any library. without them, finding materials would be impossible. however, there are biases that can result in patrons not getting the materials they need. change the subject - a documentary the project change the subject shares the story of a group of college students, who from their first days at dartmouth college, were committed to advancing and promoting the rights and dignity of undocumented peoples.  in partnership with staff at dartmouth, these students – now alumni – produced a film to capture their singular effort at confronting an instance of anti-immigrant sentiment in their library catalog.  their advocacy took them all the way from baker-berry library to the halls of congress, showing how an instance of campus activism entered the national spotlight, and how a cataloging term became a flashpoint in the immigration debate on capitol hill. year: runtime: minutes language: english country: united states change the subject - movie trailer change the subject is a must-watch documentary for all the lovers of lcsh who want to see it free from all the pejorative, disrespectful or biased headings. change the subject - full movie conclusion even after all the criticisms, lcsh is the most used subject headings list in libraries all around the world. its usage and adoption by libraries has been increased by leaps and bounds since it is made available free by the library of congress. it remains a model for many other vocabularies in english and other languages. the strongest aspect of lcsh is that it represents subject headings of the library of congress, the national library of the united states, one of the richest of national libraries of the world. the administrative and managerial machinery of lc has made it possible for lcsh to stand out as an undisputed leader. see also 	library of congress subject headings (lcsh) 	library and information science encyclopedia references . library of congress, "lcsh introduction," https://www.loc.gov/aba/publications/freelcsh/lcsh % main% intro.pdf (accessed february , ). . janis l. young and  daniel n. joudrey, library of congress, "library of congress subject headings: online training,"  https://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/lcsh/index.html (accessed march , ). . dartmouth college, "change the subject," https://sites.dartmouth.edu/changethesubject/about/ (accessed april , ). . amanda ros, the conversation, "the bias hiding in your library," http://theconversation.com/the-bias-hiding-in-your-library-  (accessed april , ). . grace lo, "“aliens” vs. catalogers: bias in the library of congress subject heading," legal reference services quarterly, , no. ( ) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/ . / x. . (accessed april , ). . crystal vaughan, "the language of cataloguing: deconstructing and decolonizing systems of organization in libraries," djim, ( ).  . international federation of library associations and institutions (ifla).( , august). ifla code of ethics for librarians and other information workers (full version). retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/ . providing alternative subject headings for controversial library of congress subject headings in the alliance shared ils: discussion paper by the alliance cataloging standing group. feedback  	help us improve this article! contact us with your feedback. you can use the comments section below, or reach us on social media. some feedback received are given below: twitter if you missed the live streaming of "change the subject" documentary or want a refresh of the issues take a look at this o👍 https://t.co/usgcwgv vo — cilip cig (@cilipcig) april , tags: news subject 	facebook 	twitter 	 	 	 	 	 you may like these posts post a comment comments connect 	 	 	 	 	 	 facebook tags 	 acquisition 	 biographies 	 cataloging 	 circulation 	 classification 	 education 	 librarianship 	 libraries 	 lists 	 management 	 miscellanea 	 news 	 personality 	 quizzes 	 reference 	 research 	 subject 	 technology total pageviews random posts /random/post-list recent in lists /lists/post-list popular posts best quotes about libraries librarians and library and information science november , library and information science questions answers quizzes june , five laws of library science april , menu footer widget 	home 	about 	contact 	guidelines for authors 	copyright 	creative commons 	disclaimer 	privacy policy 	sitemap natural fiction — r beny | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… 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hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a master of modular synthesis. view wiki austin cairns, based in california, is the musician behind the electronic ambient project r beny. utilising modular and hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a maste… read more austin cairns, based in california, is the musician behind the electronic ambient project r beny. utilising modular and hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a master of modular synthesis. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 jogging house , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 emily a. sprague , listeners 	 halftribe , listeners 	 benoît pioulard , listeners 	 warmth , listeners 	 sinerider , listeners 	 morimoto naoki listeners 	 lightbath , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent 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	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close oclc developers network news oclc developers network news latest developments, technical briefs, and activities at developer network 	upcoming wms ncip api changes oclc will be making two changes to the wms ncip service in the coming weeks. on may , oclc will install changes which affect the patron profile – updaterequestitem message. on june , oclc will install changes affecting both the staff and patron 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	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. r.e.m. document - th anniversary edition play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 september do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	rock 	alternative rock 	 s 	alternative 	rem add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 finest worksong 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 welcome to the occupation 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 exhuming mccarthy 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 disturbance at the heron house 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 strange 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 it's the end of the world as we know it (and i feel fine) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 the one i love 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 fireplace 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 lightnin' hopkins 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 king of birds 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 oddfellows local 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 finest worksong - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 these days - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 lightnin' hopkins - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 welcome to the occupation - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 driver - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 feeling gravitys pull - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 i believe - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 the one i love - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 exhuming mccarthy - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wolves, lower - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 fall on me - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 just a touch - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 oddfellows local - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 little america - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 it's the end of the world as we know it (and i feel fine) - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 begin the begin - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 disturbance at the heron house - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 moral kiosk - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 life and how to live it - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners show more 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 so. central rain - live at muziekcentrum vredenburg, utrecht, holland 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 let it be [expanded edition] the replacements , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 this is my truth tell me yours manic street preachers , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pinkerton weezer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 garbage garbage , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in the sun michael stipe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ten pearl jam , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 new miserable experience gin blossoms , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 our time in eden , maniacs , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 surfer rosa pixies , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 this desert life counting crows , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in rainbows radiohead , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 copper blue (remastered) sugar , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 let it be [expanded edition] the replacements , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 this is my truth tell me yours manic street preachers , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 pinkerton weezer , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 garbage garbage , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 in the sun michael stipe listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ten pearl jam , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 new miserable experience gin blossoms , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 our time in eden , maniacs , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 surfer rosa pixies , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 this desert life counting crows , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 in rainbows radiohead , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 copper blue (remastered) sugar , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.remhq.com 	 twitter (@remhq) 	 facebook (remhq) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more r.e.m. , , listeners related tags 	rock 	alternative rock 	alternative r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. was noted for buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, mills's melodic basslines and backing vocals, and berry's tight, economical style of drumming. r.e.m. released its first single—"radio free europe"—in on the independent record label hib-tone. the single was fo… read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one … read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. wa… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 michael stipe , listeners 	 u , , listeners 	 the replacements , listeners 	 pearl jam , , listeners 	 manic street preachers , , listeners 	 counting crows , , listeners 	 barenaked ladies , , listeners 	 pixies , , listeners 	 , maniacs , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday 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photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. purl play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release renovatio may play album 	 popular this week anticipation listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists ludvig cimbrelius has been quietly developing a catalog of beautifully expressive electronic compositions for over a decade. currently residing in the woods of höör, the swedish native has been making an unprecedented impression with his modest delivery and heartfelt execution. his ambient moniker purl was the first to surface in with a ″ release on phisteria, but it’s been the work of alveol garnering the most recent attention. with a debut in on renown imprint mule electronic, appearances on tea drops international and a full length release on lovezone records, alve… read more ludvig cimbrelius has been quietly developing a catalog of beautifully expressive electronic compositions for over a decade. currently residing in the woods of höör, the swedish native has been making an unprecedented impression with his modest delivery and heartfelt execution. his ambient mo… read more ludvig cimbrelius has been quietly developing a catalog of beautifully expressive electronic compositions for over a decade. currently residing in the woods of höör, the swedish native has been making an unprecedented impression with his modest delivery and heartfelt execution. his ambient moniker purl was the first to surface in with a ″ release on phiste… read more related tags 	ambient 	dub techno 	techno 	electronic 	swedish add tagsview all tags similar to 	 purl & deflektion 	 warmth 	 purl & sinius view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 anticipation 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 waking up 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sprickor 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	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 drown in love 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 a quiet awakening , listeners apr · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 behind clouds , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 stillpoint , listeners jun · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 deep ground listeners jul · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close windy & carl music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. windy & carl play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release unreleased home recordings - june play album 	 popular this week forest trails listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	dearborn, wayne county, michigan, united states windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their sound is very slow, dreamy, and based in drones. using guitar, bass, and some keyboards and electronic effects as well as windy's singing on some tracks they create long delicate washes of sound. they released their first album "portal" in , followed by several other full-lengths on the blue flea, darling and kranky labels. after a few years of inactivity, they released an ep titled… read more windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their sound is very slow, dreamy, and based in drones. using guitar, bass, and some keyboards and electronic effec… read more windy & carl is the music project of husband and wife musicians windy weber and carl hultgren. they began collaborating on music in in dearborn, michigan, united states. their sound is very slow, dreamy, and based in drones. using guitar, bass, and some keyboards and electronic effects as well as windy's singing on some tracks they create long delic… read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	shoegaze 	post-rock 	experimental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 landing 	 roy montgomery 	 stars of the lid view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 forest trails 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 undercurrent 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 crossing over 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 moth to the flame 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 set adrift 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the sun 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 sirens 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 depths 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 the silent ocean 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 the stranger 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 depths , listeners dec · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 consciousness , listeners feb · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 songs for the broken hearted , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 we will always be , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday 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december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photos external links 	 www.brainwashed.com/wc 	 facebook (pages/windy-carl/ ) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday 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but fewer cites from those who would have cited the article based on superficial knowledge but who refrain once they learn that the article is a bad match. we test the theory with data for over , science articles binned by cites received during a pre-study period. consistent with the theory, the marginal effect of open access is negative for the least-cited articles, positive for the most cited, and generally monotonic for quality levels in between. also consistent with the theory is a magnification of these effects for articles placed on pubmed central, one of the broadest open-access platforms, and the differential pattern of results for cites from insiders versus outsiders to the article’s field. 	 acknowledgements and disclosures the authors are grateful to ted bergstrom, laura braunstein, david card, brett danaher, barbara defelice, stefano dellavigna, robert johnson, elizabeth kirk, andreas moxnes, nina pavcnik, and participants at the american economic association annual meetings and international industrial organization conference for helpful comments. the authors thank mark bard, jamie bergeson-bradshaw, yilan hu, ella kim, scot parsley, reagen readinger, kyle thomason, and jasonwei for excellent research assistance. joseph brightbill at clarivate provided the web of science category data used in our insider/outsider analysis. funding for the citation data used in this and earlier papers was supported by a grant from the andrew w. mellon foundation. work on this paper was supported by a grant from the alfred p. sloan foundation. the authors are grateful for the generous funding from these sources. the views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the national bureau of economic research. 	 download citation marc ris bibteΧ download citation data related topics microeconomics economics of information industrial organization market structure and firm performance development and growth innovation and r&d programs industrial organization law and economics labor studies public economics productivity, innovation, and entrepreneurship working groups innovation policy more from nber in addition to working papers, the nber disseminates affiliates’ latest findings through a range of free periodicals — the nber reporter, the nber digest, the bulletin on retirement and disability, and the bulletin on health — as well as online conference reports, video lectures, and interviews. the economics of digitization 	article 	 author: shane greenstein the nber economics of digitization project, established in with support from the alfred p. sloan foundation,... the martin feldstein lecture: journey across a century of women 	lecture claudia goldin, the henry lee professor of economics at harvard university and a past president of the american... summer institute methods lectures: differential privacy for economists 	lecture the extent to which individual responses to household surveys are protected from discovery by outside parties depends... national bureau of economic research contact us massachusetts ave. cambridge, ma - - info@nber.org follow 	 	 	 	homepage 	privacy policy © national bureau of economic research. all rights reserved. mute forest music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. mute forest play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release riderstorm april play album 	 popular this week morning guitar listeners photo 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists mute forest is the solo project of mombi's kael smith. smith arranges subtle beats, layered electronics and occasional nylon guitar for a sound that is gloomily melodic and meditative. view wiki mute forest is the solo project of mombi's kael smith. smith arranges subtle beats, layered electronics and occasional nylon guitar for a sound that is gloomily melodic and meditative. view wiki mute forest is the solo project of mombi's kael smith. smith arranges subtle beats, layered electronics and occasional nylon guitar for a sound that is gloomily melodic and meditative. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	experimental 	indietronica 	usa 	title is a full sentence add tagsview all tags 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let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close radiohead music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. radiohead play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release the gloaming september play album 	 popular this week creep , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – present ( years) 	founded in 	abingdon-on-thames, oxfordshire, england, united kingdom radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments), ed o'brien (guitar, backing vocals), colin greenwood (bass guitar) and phil selway (drums, percussion). the early years ( – ) radiohead released their first single, "creep" in . the song was initially unsuccessful, but it became a worldwide hit several months after the release of their debut album, pablo honey ( ). rad… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments), ed o'brien (guitar, backing vocals), colin greenwo… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments), ed o'brien (guitar, backing vocals), colin greenwood (bass guitar) and phil selway (drums, percussion). the early years ( … read more related tags 	alternative 	rock 	alternative rock 	indie 	electronic add tagsview all tags similar to 	 thom yorke 	 atoms for peace 	 muse view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 creep 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 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thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.radiohead.com 	 twitter (@radiohead) 	 facebook (radiohead) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 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sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday 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wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 josh alexander listeners 	 tomáš Šenkyřík listeners 	 federico mosconi listeners 	 esolagoto listeners 	 maxy dutcher & john hayes listeners 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open science discussion series javascript is currently not supported or is disabled by this browser. some features of this site will not be available. please enable javascript for full functionality. oclc.org 	oclc.org home 	support & training 	community center 	developer network 	webjunction  covid- | information and resources to help skip to page content. 	 research areas 	 partnership 	 people 	 news & events 	 publications 	 presentations 	 about 		settings 	menu 	search 	 research 	 news & events 	 events 	 round up, oclc-liber open science discussion series nov round up, oclc-liber open science discussion series this webinar concludes the oclc-liber open science discussion series this event has passed. description webinar slides available here in this concluding webinar to the liber-oclc open science discussion series we will 	provide an overview of the small group discussions 	highlight some of the visions developed, challenges identified and collaboration opportunities identified 	outline next steps and future opportunities for engagement date november time : – : central european time [utc + ] : – : british summer time [utc ] : am – : am eastern daylight time, north america [utc - ] venue webinar   × select a time zone (gmt- : ) midway island, samoa (gmt- : ) hawaii (gmt- : ) alaska (gmt- : ) arizona (gmt- : ) pacific time (us and canada);tijuana (gmt- : ) mountain time (us and canada) (gmt- : ) regina (gmt- : ) bogota, lima, quito (gmt- : ) mexico city (gmt- : ) central time (us and canada) (gmt- : ) caracas, la paz (gmt- : ) indiana (east) (gmt- : ) eastern time (us and canada) (gmt- : ) buenos aires, georgetown (gmt- : ) brasilia (gmt- : ) santiago (gmt- : ) atlantic time (canada) (gmt- : ) newfoundland (gmt- : ) cape verde is (gmt+ : ) greenwich mean time (gmt+ : ) azores (gmt+ : ) west central africa (gmt+ : ) casablanca, monrovia (gmt+ : ) dublin, edinburgh, lisbon, london (gmt+ : ) harare, pretoria (gmt+ : ) cairo (gmt+ : ) sarajevo, skopje, 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(gmt+ : ) auckland, wellington (gmt+ : ) nukualofa set time zone follow oclc research:   © oclc domestic and international trademarks and/or service marks of oclc, inc. and its affiliates this site uses cookies. by continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. see oclc's cookie notice to learn more. 	privacy statement 	accessibility statement 	iso certificate a moon shaped pool — radiohead | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. radiohead a moon shaped pool play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 metascore play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 may 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 may a moon shaped pool is the ninth studio album by the english rock band radiohead, released as a download on may . the album's first two singles were "burn the witch" and "daydreaming". cd and lp editions will be released by xl recordings on june , followed in september by a "special edition" containing additional artwork and two bonus tracks. the album was produced by nigel godrich. radiohead began work on a moon shaped pool intermittently after finishing the tour for their previous album, 's the king of limbs. several son… read more a moon shaped pool is the ninth studio album by the english rock band radiohead, released as a download on may . the album's first two sin… read more a moon shaped pool is the ninth studio album by the english rock band radiohead, released as a download on may . the album's first two singles were "burn the witch" … read more related tags 	radiohead 	art rock 	alternative 	 	art pop add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 burn the witch 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 daydreaming 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play 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tense 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 tinker tailor soldier sailor rich man poor man beggar man thief 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 true love waits 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , listeners similar albums 	 odelay beck , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 funeral arcade fire , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 without you i'm nothing placebo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 white blood cells the white stripes , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 ok computer radiohead , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a rush of blood to the head coldplay , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 absolution muse , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 our love to admire interpol , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rarities & b-sides the smashing pumpkins , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stories from the city, stories from the sea pj harvey , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 default atoms for peace , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nirvana nirvana , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 odelay beck , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 funeral arcade fire , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 without you i'm nothing placebo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 white blood cells the white stripes , , listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 ok computer radiohead , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 a rush of blood to the head coldplay , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 absolution muse , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 our love to admire interpol , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rarities & b-sides the smashing pumpkins , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stories from the city, stories from the sea pj harvey , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 default atoms for peace , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nirvana nirvana , , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 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saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , external links 	 apple music 	 www.radiohead.com 	 twitter (@radiohead) 	 facebook (radiohead) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more radiohead , , listeners related tags 	alternative 	rock 	alternative rock radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments), ed o'brien (guitar, backing vocals), colin greenwood (bass guitar) and phil selway (drums, percussion). the early years ( – ) radiohead released their first single, "creep" in . the song was initially unsuccessful, but it became a worldwide hit several months after the release of their debut album, pablo honey ( ). rad… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny green… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 thom yorke , , listeners 	 atoms for peace , listeners 	 muse , , listeners 	 the strokes , , listeners 	 pixies , , listeners 	 gorillaz , , listeners 	 jeff buckley , , listeners 	 the smiths , , listeners 	 weezer , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it 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leave feedback api calls close r.e.m. music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. r.e.m. play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release old man kensey september play album 	 popular this week losing my religion , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	years active 	 – ( years) 	founded in 	athens, clarke county, georgia, united states r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. was noted for buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, mills's melodic basslines and backing vocals, and berry's tight, economical style of drumming. r.e.m. released its first single—"radio free europe"—in on the independent record label hib-tone. the single was fo… read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. was noted for buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style,… read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. was noted for buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, mills's… read more related tags 	rock 	alternative rock 	alternative 	indie 	 s add tagsview all tags similar to 	 michael stipe 	 u 	 the replacements view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 losing my religion 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 everybody hurts 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 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	webjunction  covid- | information and resources to help skip to page content. 	 research areas 	 partnership 	 people 	 news & events 	 publications 	 presentations 	 about 		settings 	menu 	search 	 events 	 oclc-liber open science discussion series the liber open science roadmap provides advice on how libraries can advocate for open science both within their institutions and internationally in order to expand the impact of research. it also provides practical ideas for supporting open science through tools and services. this fall liber and oclc are jointly offering a webinar and discussion series to explore the liber open science roadmap and to lead community discussions to collectively create a bold vision for the future role of libraries in each of the seven roadmap focus areas. the series consists of three different components: 	an introductory webinar by liber providing an overview of the open science roadmap. 	seven highly interactive small group discussions to collectively explore a bold vision and path forward for the future role of libraries in each of the roadmap focus areas. 	a concluding webinar by liber and oclc providing an overview of the small group discussions. 	introductory webinar slides - download pptx file 	hanging together blogpost  registration is separate for each event. note that there is unlimited registration available for the two webinars, but that (virtual) seating is limited for the small group discussion. discussion group participants are expected to familiarize themselves with the relevant section of the open science roadmap prior to convening and also commit to attending and actively participating for the entire minute discussion; those unable to do this should make their seat available to another. previous webinars show details nov november round up, oclc-liber open science discussion series this webinar concludes the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october citizen science: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the seventh in a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october research integrity: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the sixth in a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october open science skills: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the fifth in a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october metrics and rewards: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the fourth in a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october research infrastructures & the eosc: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the third in a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details oct october fair data: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar is the second of a series of small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details sep september scholarly publishing: oclc-liber small group discussion this webinar will is the first of a small group discussions for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. show details sep september introductory webinar: oclc-liber open science discussion series this webinar will be the kick-off meeting for the oclc-liber open science discussion series 	time: : – : central european [summer] time [utc + ] this event has passed. view the archive. follow oclc research:   © oclc domestic and international trademarks and/or service marks of oclc, inc. and its affiliates this site uses cookies. by continuing to browse the site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. see oclc's cookie notice to learn more. 	privacy statement 	accessibility statement 	iso certificate peripeteia — rafael anton irisarri | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to 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	 apple music 	 www.irisarri.org 	 twitter (@blackknoll) 	 facebook (rafaelantonirisarri) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more rafael anton irisarri , listeners related tags 	ambient 	piano 	contemporary classical originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guitars, strings, and electronics, creating dense clouds of blurry, hypnotic sound that often have a mournful, elegiac quality. he has performed concerts in collaboration with numerous experimental, electronic, and indie musicians, including fennesz, greg davis, grouper, and lawrence english. since , he has co-curated numerous experimental music festivals and concerts, including seattle's de… read more originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guita… read more originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guitars, strings, and electronics, creating dense c… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 the sight below , listeners 	 leandro fresco & rafael anton irisarri , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 christina vantzou , listeners 	 deaf center , listeners 	 loscil , listeners 	 leandro fresco , listeners 	 , listeners 	 richard skelton , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 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music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close pride skip to content 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	manage cookies ok computer oknotok — radiohead | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. radiohead ok computer oknotok play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play album more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june ok computer oknotok (sometimes referred to simply as oknotok) includes a remastered version of ok computer, plus eight b-sides and three previously unreleased tracks: "i promise," "man of war", and "lift". the boxed edition includes the album on vinyl, a hardcover art book, a book of yorke's notes, a sketchbook of donwood and yorke's "preparatory work". it also includes an audio cassette of ok computer demos and session recordings, among them a previously unreleased song, and early versions of "the national anthem"… read more ok computer oknotok (sometimes referred to simply as oknotok) includes a remastered version of ok computer, plus eight b-sides and three pr… read more ok computer oknotok (sometimes referred to simply as oknotok) includes a remastered version of ok computer, plus eight b-sides and three previously unreleased tracks: "i p… read more related tags 	remastered 	 	alternative rock 	alternative 	rock add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 play track 	 love this track 	 airbag (remastered) 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 , 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	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , external links 	 apple music 	 www.radiohead.com 	 twitter (@radiohead) 	 facebook (radiohead) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more radiohead , , listeners related tags 	alternative 	rock 	alternative rock radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments), ed o'brien (guitar, backing vocals), colin greenwood (bass guitar) and phil selway (drums, percussion). the early years ( – ) radiohead released their first single, "creep" in . the song was initially unsuccessful, but it became a worldwide hit several months after the release of their debut album, pablo honey ( ). rad… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny green… read more radiohead is an english alternative rock band from abingdon, oxfordshire, uk which formed in . the band is composed of thom yorke (lead vocals, rhythm guitar, piano, beats), jonny greenwood (lead guitar, keyboard, other instruments… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 thom yorke , , listeners 	 atoms for peace , listeners 	 muse , , listeners 	 the strokes , , listeners 	 pixies , , listeners 	 gorillaz , , listeners 	 jeff buckley , , listeners 	 the smiths , , listeners 	 weezer , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 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	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close rafael anton irisarri music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. rafael anton irisarri play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release distance - single august play album 	 popular this week arduous clarity listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guitars, strings, and electronics, creating dense clouds of blurry, hypnotic sound that often have a mournful, elegiac quality. he has performed concerts in collaboration with numerous experimental, electronic, and indie musicians, including fennesz, greg davis, grouper, and lawrence english. since , he has co-curated numerous experimental music festivals and concerts, including seattle's de… read more originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guitars, strings, and electronics, creating dense clouds of blurry, hypnotic sound that often have a mournful… read more originally based in seattle, rafael anton irisarri is an american artist who composes ambient, drone, and post-minimalist music. his recordings heavily utilize field recordings, bowed guitars, strings, and electronics, creating dense clouds of blurry, hypnotic sound that often have a mournful, elegiac quality. he has performed concerts in collaboration with nume… read more related tags 	ambient 	piano 	contemporary classical 	modern classical 	instrumental add tagsview all tags similar to 	 the sight below 	 leandro fresco & rafael anton irisarri 	 olan mill view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 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tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 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facebook (rafaelantonirisarri) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 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	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.irisarri.org 	 twitter (@blackknoll) 	 facebook (rafaelantonirisarri) similar artists play all 	 the sight below , listeners 	 leandro fresco & rafael anton irisarri , listeners 	 olan mill , listeners 	 christina vantzou , listeners 	 deaf center , listeners 	 loscil , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close r beny music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. r beny play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release the dashboard cast a spectral glow june play album 	 popular this week alone in the pavilion listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists austin cairns, based in california, is the musician behind the electronic ambient project r beny. utilising modular and hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a master of modular synthesis. view wiki austin cairns, based in california, is the musician behind the electronic ambient project r beny. utilising modular and hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a master of modular synthesis. view wiki austin cairns, based in california, is the musician behind the electronic ambient project r beny. utilising modular and hardware synthesizers, samplers, and tape machines, r beny is a master of modular synthesis. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone add tagsview all tags similar to 	 jogging house 	 gallery six 	 emily a. sprague view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 alone in the pavilion 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 bright - hilyard's darker recycle 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 full blossom of the evening 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 mamiya 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 shimmering and obvious 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 round glass and concrete prism 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 alpenglow 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 pale fire 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 glittering pain 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 we used to know 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 full 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december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 facebook (ntrprgrm) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 jogging house , listeners 	 gallery six , listeners 	 emily a. sprague , listeners 	 halftribe , listeners 	 benoît pioulard , listeners 	 warmth , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close sven laux music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. sven laux play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release home diaries : scattered fragments of separation june play album 	 popular this week fragment listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic music in after discovering a talent for meticulously sampling and looping audio. now residing in berlin, sven laux has done anything but conform. his unique take on music making has him sharing the company of artisans like pheek, ezekiel honig and marc neyen. laux has become notorious for manipulating foundsounds and employing layers of field recordings in his work. in a discography that str… read more sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic music in after discovering a talent for meticulously sampling and looping audio. now residing in b… read more sven laux is part of a modest faction of producers that have been faithfully progressing the evolution of micro composition. born in neubrandenburg, germany, laux started writing electronic music in after discovering a talent for meticulously sampling and looping audio. now residing in berlin, sven laux has done anything but conform. his unique take on music… read more related tags 	minimal 	electronic 	ambient 	microhouse 	minimal techno add tagsview all tags similar to 	 solid-m 	 keinzweiter 	 just two ordinary people view all artists top 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listeners 	 paradroid , listeners 	 ed.arcade , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close riderstorm — mute forest | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. mute forest riderstorm more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 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mombi's kael smith. smith arranges subtle beats, layered electronics and occasional nylon guitar for a sound that is gloomily melodic and meditative. view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 federico mosconi listeners 	 hidden rivers , listeners 	 graveyard tapes listeners 	 william ryan fritch , listeners 	 kryshe , listeners 	 vieo abiungo , listeners 	 the alvaret ensemble , listeners 	 origamibiro , listeners 	 dag rosenqvist , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 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this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close tim hecker music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. tim hecker play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release anoyo may play album 	 popular this week boreal kiss pt. listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 (age ) 	born in 	vancouver, metro vancouver, british columbia, canada tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known internationally for recordings released under his own name, such as harmony in ultraviolet ( ) and ravedeath, ( ). he has released eight albums and a number of eps in addition to collaborations with artists such as ben frost, daniel lopatin, and aidan baker. his latest album love streams was released on his new label ad on april . born in vancouver, hecker is the son of two art teach… read more tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known internationally for recordings released under his own name, such as harmony in ultraviolet ( ) and ravede… read more tim hecker is an electronic musician and sound artist based in los angeles, united states and montreal, canada. hecker initially recorded under the moniker jetone, but has become known internationally for recordings released under his own name, such as harmony in ultraviolet ( ) and ravedeath, ( ). he has released eight albums and a number of eps in ad… read more related tags 	ambient 	drone 	electronic 	experimental 	glitch add tagsview all tags similar to 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin 	 fennesz 	 stars of the lid view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love 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track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 prism 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 in the fog ii 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 virginal i 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 ravedeath, , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 virgins , listeners buy 	loading 	 harmony in ultraviolet , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 radio amor , listeners mar · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 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saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.sunblind.net 	 twitter (@tim_hecker) 	 facebook (timheckermusic) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image more photos add image more photos external links 	 www.sunblind.net 	 twitter (@tim_hecker) 	 facebook (timheckermusic) similar artists play all 	 tim hecker & daniel lopatin , listeners 	 fennesz , listeners 	 stars of the lid , listeners 	 aidan baker & tim hecker , listeners 	 oneohtrix point never , listeners 	 jefre cantu-ledesma , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close i know — koji itoyama | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. koji itoyama i know more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles 	 listeners 	 scrobbles more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 june do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags add tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 jola 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 utopia 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 abstract [define] 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 kisha 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 perlan 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 stay 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 jola fin 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners similar albums 	 stillpoint purl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hrklávka tomáš Šenkyřík listeners play album buy 	loading 	 timecuts luis miehlich listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dusk josh alexander listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cascade symmetry r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 amber dawn chorus and the infallible sea listeners play album buy 	loading 	 phone to logos porya hatami , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nuclear winter gamardah fungus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rea blochemy listeners play album buy 	loading 	 intentions and variations mikael lind , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 絵空事 esolagoto listeners play album buy 	loading 	 circular movements in the sky oxherding listeners play album buy 	loading 	 stillpoint purl , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 hrklávka tomáš Šenkyřík listeners play album buy 	loading 	 timecuts luis miehlich listeners play album buy 	loading 	 dusk josh alexander listeners play album buy 	loading show more 	 cascade symmetry r beny , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 amber dawn chorus and the infallible sea listeners play album buy 	loading 	 phone to logos porya hatami , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 nuclear winter gamardah fungus listeners play album buy 	loading 	 rea blochemy listeners play album buy 	loading 	 intentions and variations mikael lind , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 絵空事 esolagoto listeners play album buy 	loading 	 circular movements in the sky oxherding listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 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artist profile similar artists play all 	 josh alexander listeners 	 tomáš Šenkyřík listeners 	 federico mosconi listeners 	 esolagoto listeners 	 maxy dutcher & john hayes listeners 	 wil bolton , listeners 	 mikael lind , listeners 	 luis miehlich , listeners 	 oxherding listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 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december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close rhucle music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. rhucle play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k 	 latest release pastel - single may play album 	 popular this week chiffon listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki ( - present) rhucle is a japanese photographer, illustrator, painter & ambient musician based in tokyo. he also manages the private label night coast. view wiki related tags 	ambient 	electronic 	new age 	drone 	japan add tagsview all tags similar to 	 chihei hatakeyama 	 anthéne 	 fovea hex view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 chiffon 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 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	 	 	 love this track 	 tin light 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners 	 	 	 	 love this track 	 middle 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 fantastic garden listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 more beautiful than silence listeners nov · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 reflection of the shine listeners aug · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 the moon's sigh listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 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thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photo external links 	 rhucle.com 	 twitter (@rhucle) 	 facebook (rhucle) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 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thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image more photo external links 	 rhucle.com 	 twitter (@rhucle) 	 facebook (rhucle) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 chihei hatakeyama , listeners 	 anthéne , listeners 	 fovea hex , listeners 	 holy hydrogen , listeners 	 subatomic dreams , listeners 	 argentus , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close taylor swift music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. taylor swift on tour # position in the global top artists chart play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release exile - single october 	 popular this week willow , listeners play album skip to youtube video # in the global top artists chart , photos 	 listeners . m 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 december (age ) 	born in 	reading, berks county, pennsylvania, united states taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over million album units and million singles worldwide. taylor swift is that rarest of pop phenomena: a superstar who managed to completely cross over from country to the mainstream. other singers performed similar moves – notably, dolly parton and willie nelson both became enduring mainstream icons based on their ' s work – but swift shed her country roots like they were a second sk… read more taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over million album units and million singles worldwide. taylor swift is that rarest of pop phenomena: a supe… read more taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over million album units and million singles worldwide. taylor swift is that rarest of pop phenomena: a superstar who managed to completely cross over from country to the mainstrea… read more related tags 	pop 	country 	female vocalists 	taylor swift 	singer-songwriter add tagsview all tags similar to 	 lorde 	 selena gomez 	 halsey view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 willow 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 champagne problems 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 gold rush 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 no body, no crime (feat. haim) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 tolerate it 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 ‘tis the damn season 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 happiness 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 dorothea 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 coney island (feat. the national) 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 ivy 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 , listeners view all tracks albums sorted by: most popular 	 most popular 	 by release date 	 fearless , listeners oct · track play album buy 	loading 	 taylor swift , listeners oct · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 speak now , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading 	 red , listeners jan · tracks play album buy 	loading view all albums scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 tuesday july 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday 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november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , upcoming events upcoming events 	date	status	name	venue	attendees 	 jan 	 	 rd annual grammy awards 	 staples center, los angeles, united states 	 going · interested 	 jul 	 	 taylor swift: lover fest tour 	 allianz parque, são paulo, brazil 	 going · interested 	 jul 	 	 taylor swift: lover fest tour 	 allianz parque, são paulo, brazil 	 going · interested add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image , more photos add image , more photos external links 	 www.taylorswift.com 	 twitter (@taylorswift ) 	 facebook (taylorswift) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday june 	 , 	 thursday june 	 , 	 friday june 	 , 	 saturday june 	 , 	 sunday june 	 , 	 monday june 	 , 	 tuesday june 	 , 	 wednesday july 	 , 	 thursday july 	 , 	 friday july 	 , 	 saturday july 	 , 	 sunday july 	 , 	 monday july 	 , 	 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	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday 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(@taylorswift ) 	 facebook (taylorswift) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 lorde , , listeners 	 selena gomez , , listeners 	 halsey , listeners 	 sugarland , listeners 	 kacey musgraves , listeners 	 troye sivan , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close tsone music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. tsone play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release pagan oceans i, ii, iii october play album 	 popular this week a strange economy listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist from finland . tony obr is a multimedia artist, sound designer, and composer whose design aesthetic focuses mainly on the innovative uses of sound in a non-musical context. in the past few years his work has centered on the development of interactive systems for dance performances and art installations. he lives in phoenix, arizona . tsone is a an amateur electronic music production hobbyist fr… read more tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist from finland . tony obr is a multimedia artist, sound designer, and composer whose design aesthetic fo… read more tsone refers to either: . the stage name used by tony obr, a sound artist and composer based in phoenix, arizona. -or- . valtteri heikkilä, an amateur electronic music production hobbyist from finland . tony obr is a multimedia artist, sound designer, and composer whose design aesthetic focuses mainly on the innovative uses of sound in a non-musical context. i… read more related tags 	drone 	ambient 	noise 	american 	haunting add tagsview all tags similar to 	 pillow garden 	 porky 	 easychord view all artists top tracks play all sorted by: last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 last days 	 all time 	rank	play	 album 	loved	 track name 	buy	options	listeners 	 	 play track 	 	 love this track 	 a strange economy 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track 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listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday 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	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday 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	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image similar artists play all 	 pillow garden , listeners 	 porky , listeners 	 easychord , listeners 	 christopher sisk , listeners 	 igneous flame & ensueno , listeners 	 bob guido , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close making a hash out of knitting with data return to sitereturn to site making a hash out of knitting with data over the summer of i spotted on social media that someone had created a scarf that recorded the train delays that she’d encountered on her commute. i loved this. data is so powerful when it’s tangible - it sparks conversations and generates new ideas. it chimed a lot for me with stef posavec’s work that i’d seen in the big bang data exhibition in london a few years earlier. it was also a real treat to watch the progress on open data manchester’s data loom, where they had woven a piece of cloth using the initials of people who visited their tent at the bluedot festival in . and the two pieces of cloth woven from the election results from and . so with all this inspiration and my tendency towards a bit of nature and craft downtime, it was inevitable that i would eventually get to work on my own data knitting project. julian tait, ceo of open data manchester cic, with chi onwurah, mp for newcastle central, and the election data cloth i’ve been doing the rspb big garden birdwatch for several years - i love a bit of citizen science. each year, i select a one hour slot during the specified weekend in january, watch the birds and count the maximum number of each species that lands at any one time, then upload the results to the rspb site. last year, i didn’t stop there. i used a cheat sheet from open data manchester’s loom projects that converts the alphabet to ita baudot-murray code. there are rows of knitting needed for each letter of the alphabet, so spelling out bird names wasn’t really an option unless i wanted to produce a scarf worthy of tom baker’s dr who. i needed a simple code list. after a fair bit of digging i discovered the british list, which had an option of or letter codes for birds recorded in britain. rows of knitting per bird seemed reasonable, so i set about translating my bird names to bird codes, so i could get to the baudot-murray codes. that would require two colours for the binary representation. i used rowan hemp tweed in duck egg for s and paprika for s. so the letter a was: 	duck egg 	duck egg 	duck egg 	paprika 	paprika some of the letter codes were actually a single letter (standards, eh?), so i thought i might get into a tangle if i couldn’t easily see where the spaces were between bird types. i introduced a third colour (rowan hemp tweed in teal) to help me navigate the pattern visually. so for space in the baudot-murray code i used: 	duck egg 	duck egg 	teal 	duck egg 	duck egg if i saw only one of a species of bird, i knitted its code once, if i saw of them, i repeated the code three times. i added space only between different types of bird, so i could get a sense of which were the most prevalent, however some of the codes being a single letter rather than makes it less visually reliable. what i found fascinating about this project was how much i learned about the whole experience of implementing a simple standard using code, and the decisions i had to make along the way. it came together in a way that worked, but someone else repeating the exercise starting with the baudot-murray codes, the bird list, and the data from my bird count, would have ended up with a very different outcome. if they’d used their own data, we definitely wouldn’t have been able to lay our scarves side by side and draw any comparisons about the birds that had visited our gardens. it’s ever likely that there are so many interoperability problems in the software and data world. to reach a shared outcome, co-operation on standards really does matter. previousfrom lockdown with love next  return to site	 powered by strikingly best website builder this website is built with strikingly. create yours today! this website is built with strikingly. create your free website today! start now all posts × almost done… we just sent you an email. please click the link in the email to confirm your subscription! oksubscriptions powered by strikingly murmur - deluxe edition — r.e.m. | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change 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november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 www.remhq.com 	 twitter (@remhq) 	 facebook (remhq) 	 soundcloud don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more r.e.m. , , listeners related tags 	rock 	alternative rock 	alternative r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. was noted for buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style, stipe's distinctive vocal quality and obscure lyrics, mills's melodic basslines and backing vocals, and berry's tight, economical style of drumming. r.e.m. released its first single—"radio free europe"—in on the independent record label hib-tone. the single was fo… read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one … read more r.e.m. was an american rock band from athens, georgia, formed in by drummer bill berry, guitarist peter buck, bassist/backing vocalist mike mills, and lead vocalist michael stipe. one of the first alternative rock bands, r.e.m. wa… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 michael stipe , listeners 	 u , , listeners 	 the replacements , listeners 	 pearl jam , , listeners 	 manic street preachers , , listeners 	 counting crows , , listeners 	 barenaked ladies , , listeners 	 pixies , , listeners 	 , maniacs , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 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brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of instrumental minimalism while opening up the possibilities of their instrumentation through commissioning and collaboration. tigue’s debut album peaks was released in with new amsterdam records with highlighted performances at the ecstatic music festival, bric celebrate brooklyn! festival, and the zemlika festival in durbe, latvia. recent commissions and premieres have included works by molly her… read more tigue is a group of three percussionists with a fluid musical identity. the brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of inst… read more tigue is a group of three percussionists with a fluid musical identity. the brooklyn-based trio (matt evans, amy garapic and carson moody) makes their own kinetic and hypnotic blend of instrumental minimalism while opening up the possi… read more view full artist profile similar 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website. leave feedback api calls close valotihkuu music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. valotihkuu play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k 	 latest release spring inside - ep april play album 	 popular this week stillness listeners photos 	 listeners , 	 scrobbles . k play artist more actions 	 play similar artists valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhood memories, which are carefully transferred into music. view wiki valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhood memories, which are carefully transferred into music. view wiki valotihkuu is an ambient project from russia. his music is mixture of nature sounds with a variety of acoustic and electroacoustic instruments, tape loops, found objects and lot of childhood memories, which are carefully transferred into music. view wiki related tags 	lo-fi 	chillwave 	electronic 	dream pop 	psychedelic add tagsview all tags similar to 	 muchachos 	 Мох 	 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, listeners 	 culture voyage , listeners 	 capo blanco , listeners 	 selva oscura , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close eight-hour day | national museum of australia skip to content see plan your visit for important visitor and safety information including a request to provide your first name and a contact number. 	 open 	 free general admission 	 contrast home - the national museum of australia 														 	 menu close menu 	 what’s on 														 what’s on close menu 	 exhibitions 	 calendar 	 tours and experiences 	 family activities endeavour anniversary activities 				 	 visit 														 visit close menu 	 plan your visit 	 accessibility 	 cafe 	 shop 	 venue hire endeavour voyage the untold stories of cook and the first australians forecourt garden 				 	 explore 														 explore close menu 	 stories explorer 	 blog 	 online features 	 collection 	 curatorial and research 	 defining moments 	 audio on demand 				 	 learn 														 learn close menu 	 australia's defining moments digital classroom 	 digital excursions 	 onsite school programs 	 teacher professional learning 	 national history challenge 				 	 about 														 about close menu 	 contact us 	 corporate information 	 employment 	 media 	 publications 				 	 join & support 														 join & support close menu 	 donations 	 museum friends 	 bequests 	 partnerships 				 				 shop online menu defining moments eight-hour day : melbourne building workers win an eight-hour day an eight-hour day parade in bourke street, melbourne, on april stonemasons in melbourne downed tools and walked off the job in protest over their employers’ refusal to accept their demands for reduced working hours. this brought the employers to the negotiating table and led to an agreement whereby stonemasons worked no more than an eight-hour day. it was the first of a long, hard-fought series of victories that led to australia having one of the most progressive labour environments in the world by the early th century. a th-century workers ditty: eight hours to work, eight hours to play, eight hours to sleep, eight bob a day. a fair day’s work, for a fair day’s pay. left: pioneers of the eight-hour day movement. right: jacob ford, one of the eight-hour day pioneers early australian working conditions when the first convicts arrived in australia in , there was little protection for them around their working conditions. typically convict labourers worked from sunrise to sunset with a part day on saturday. sunday was a day of rest but they had to attend church. labouring in the colony was part of a convict’s punishment and free settlers came to see convicts as a ‘free’ labour force. the first industrial action in australia was in when convicts went on strike demanding daily rather than weekly food rations. in the early years of the colony, the relationship between employers and employees was governed by the british masters and servants acts (and after the equivalent new south wales legislation), which were weighted heavily in the interests of employers. employees could be prosecuted for a range of contraventions including drunkenness, absence without leave and inattention to duty. penalties could include deduction of wages or imprisonment. these were only enforceable through the courts, but since magistrates were of the same class as the employers most cases were found in the employers’ favour. in the convict shepherd james straighter was sentenced to lashes, one month’s solitary confinement and five years penal servitude for ‘inciting his master’s servants to combine for the purposes of obliging him to raise the wages and increase the rations’. university of melbourne law quadrangle, site of the eight-hour day strike first unions and labour organisation between and the first australian unions were formed by associations of skilled workers such as shipwrights, printing compositors and cabinet-makers. however, these early trade unions faced stiff opposition from employers and government. in the government used convict compositors to help break a strike by the society of compositors. as the colony started to grow in the early part of the th century, new businesses, including many shops, started up. with the advent of street lighting in , shop employees had to work later and later until they were typically working hours a day. such long hours led to the formation of the early closing movement, which in sought to have working hours reduced from to hours a day. convict transportation to new south wales ceased in . from then, all new felons were diverted to tasmania, which led to the formation in of the anti-transportation league in that colony. the league succeeded in stopping transportation to the east coast by . the end of transportation created a shortage of workers that increased dramatically through the s as a great many working men moved to the goldfields. unions were now in a much better position to campaign for better working conditions. eight-hour day campaign on february the operative masons’ society was re-formed at a meeting in clark’s hotel, collingwood, melbourne. the union had suspended operations because so many members had moved to the goldfields. one of the organisers was james stephens, a mason recently arrived from britain where he had been a member of the chartist movement, which advocated for a more representative parliamentary system. he had participated in the newport rising riot where police killed chartist protesters. the resurrection of the operative masons’ society is viewed as the start of the eight-hour movement in australia, because a committee was formed to confer with building contractors on the introduction of the eight-hour day. the eight-hour day had first been proposed by robert owen in at his socialist community in new lanark, scotland. the sentiments of the movement were captured by the slogan, ‘eight hours labour, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest’. george megalogenis : journalist and author george megalogenis discusses the significance of the eight-hour day the union put forward three main arguments for a shorter working day. the first was that australia’s harsh climate demanded reduced hours. the second was that labourers needed time to develop their ‘social and moral condition’ through education. the third was that workers would be better fathers, husbands and citizens if they were allowed adequate leisure time. on march workers called a public meeting at the queen’s theatre to make a stand on improving working conditions. at the meeting it was announced that ‘the time has arrived when the system of hours should be introduced into the building trades and that after the st of this month we promise to work hours and no longer’. negotiations between the union and the building companies broke down and on april stonemasons, led by stephens, downed tools at the construction site of the law faculty buildings at melbourne university and walked off the job. as stephens said, ‘it was a burning hot day and i thought the occasion a good one, so i called upon the men to follow me, to which they immediately consented, when i marched them … to parliament house.' stonemasons from other construction sites along the way joined the march until they eventually reached the belvedere hotel where a banquet was organised to mark the event. in the months to come, negotiations with employers and the government continued until an agreement was reached whereby stonemasons would work an eight-hour day but collect the same wage they had previously been paid for hours. eight-hour day initially only a minority of workers, mainly in the building trades, won the eight-hour day. most workers, including women and children, generally worked longer hours for less pay. the fight for working conditions continued throughout the th century. it was not until that the eight hours act was passed in victoria and new south wales. it would not be until january that the commonwealth arbitration court approved a -hour, five-day working week for all australians. facebook twitter pinterest messenger email topics 	colonial 	politics places 	vic curriculum subjects 	australian history 	economics and business year levels 	 	 in our collection waterside workers federation of australia sydney branch, in memory of our fallen members at the frontthis banner was used in may day rallies from - s and was painted by eric whitbread. explore defining moments eureka stockade secret ballot introduced islander labourers convict transportation free education introduced you may also like separation of nsw and victoria balarinji art and design collection australian rules football first steam railway convict love tokens references julie kimber and peter love, the time of their lives: the eight hour day and working life, australian society for the study of labour history, melbourne, . greg patmore, australian labour history, longman cheshire, melbourne, . updated: april 										 return to top show the national museum of australia acknowledges first australians and recognises their continuous connection to country, community and culture. connect with us 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 youtube 	 instagram 	 email 	 tripadvisor subscribe to our newsletter home - the national museum of australia lawson crescent acton peninsula, canberra daily am– pm, closed christmas day freecall: museum shop am– pm museum cafe am– pm, weekdays am– . pm, weekends 														 	what’s on 	visit 	explore 	learn 	about 	join & support 				 a quality tourism accredited business this website contains names, images and voices of deceased aboriginal and torres strait islander people. 	contact us 	media 	employment 	privacy 	copyright 	conditions of use abn   |  the national museum of australia is an australian government agency rutger zuydervelt and bill seaman music, videos, stats, and photos | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback 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tumblr share on facebook share on twitter gop reinstates usage of ‘illegal alien’ in library of congress’ records politics may , : pm est washington — republicans on a powerful house panel tuesday narrowly defended a tea party-fueled move to tell the library of congress how to label immigrants living in the country illegally. the gop move is designed to force the library of congress to retain the term “illegal alien” for cataloging and search purposes, reversing the library’s plan to replace “illegal alien” with less prejudicial terms like “noncitizens” or “unauthorized immigration.” appropriations committee democrats tried to defend the library’s move, which came in response to a petition from the american library association, to change the immigration-related search terms. they lost by a - vote. conservatives were angered by the library’s move and sought the provision, which was added to legislation funding house and senate operations and congressional agencies like the library. rep. debbie wasserman schultz, d-fla., said the library should “continue with its process of choosing subject headings without political influence.” but rep. tom graves, r-ga., author of the provision, said the library had overstepped and had privately acknowledged its error. the library said in a march statement that “the phrase illegal aliens has taken on a pejorative tone in recent years” and added that “aliens” can be confusing since it can also mean beings from another planet. the bill funding the operations of congress is the most obscure and little-watched of the annual appropriations bills, making news only because it contains a freeze on lawmakers’ pay and permits sledding on the capitol grounds. the panel also agreed by a nearly unanimous voice vote to boost their office budgets by . percent. rep. sam farr, d-calif., sponsored the $ million boost, saying that a clampdown on lawmakers’ office budgets has led to rapid staff turnover and a loss of expertise as salaries haven’t been able to keep up with washington’s high cost of living. left: the house appropriations committee voted tuesday to retain the two-word phrase as a subject heading in the library's catalog. go deeper 	immigrants 	immigration 	library of congress by — andrew taylor, associated press andrew taylor, associated press @apandrewtaylor support provided by: learn more support pbs newshour: educate your inbox subscribe to here’s the deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t find anywhere else. email address subscribe form error message goes here. thank you. please check your inbox to confirm. full episode monday, dec additional support provided by: 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 trending now 	 read dec electoral college formally casts votes: live updates 	 watch dec biden speaks after electoral college certification results 	 read dec watch: biden speaks after electoral college vote 	 watch dec tamara keith and amy walter on biden’s leadership after trump 	 watch dec childhood trauma impacts millions 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platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. roger eno play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 latest release mixing colours (expanded) july play album 	 popular this week celeste , listeners play album skip to youtube video photos 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m play artist more actions 	 play similar artists 	born 	 (age ) 	born in 	woodbridge, suffolk, england, united kingdom roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to study music. on graduating and after a period of busking in london he returned to colchester to run a music therapy course at a local hospital for the mentally handicapped. his first recording experience was with his brother brian eno and daniel lanois for the album apollo at lanois' grant avenue studios in canada. his first solo album voices appeared shortly afterwards. although mainly regarded… read more roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to study music. on graduating and after a period of busking in london he returned to colchester to run a music… read more roger eugene eno was born in woodbridge, england in . he is known primarily as an ambient composer. he began euphonium lessons at twelve and at sixteen entered colchester college to study music. on graduating and after a period of busking in london he returned to colchester to run a music therapy course at a local hospital for the mentally handicapped. his fi… read more related tags 	ambient 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november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now upcoming events we don’t have any upcoming events for this artist right now. add event view all events photos 	 	 	 	 	 	 add image add image external links 	 facebook (pages/seabuckthorn/ ) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram similar artists play all 	 vieo abiungo , listeners 	 william ryan fritch , listeners 	 ben mcelroy listeners 	 memory drawings , listeners 	 united bible studies , listeners 	 voice of the seven woods , listeners view all similar artists trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close google's deep dream is the trippiest thing in the internet 	 toggle navigation 	 design 	 business 	 photography 	 inspiration articles resources freebies inspiration google’s deep dream is the trippiest thing in the internet by kevin rabida . july th, 	 	 	 shares facebooktwitter picture yourself on a boat in a river with tangerine trees and marmalade skies. throw in a dog that looks like a slug and you get google’s artificial neural network “deep dream”. lucy in the sky with lots of eyes two weeks ago, google’s research team featured in their blog a visualization tool designed to understand how neural networks work and how to replicate them artificially. artificial neural networks are learning models essential in machine learning. derived from biological central nervous systems, they are used in image classification and speech recognition by feeding them large amount of input data to “train” them. in the past, classifying images into categories was nearly impossible but advances in cognitive science made it possible for machines to distinguish images with a high degree of accuracy. say you want train a machine how a dog looks like. by feeding it dog images, larger quantity for higher accuracy, it could be trained to spot dogs in images, tell if there aren’t any, or say it is unsure. such algorithm but what do these machine see? a psychedelic trip apparently. the research team explained in their post “we know that after training, each layer progressively extracts higher and higher-level features of the image, until the final layer essentially makes a decision on what the image shows.” “for example, the first layer maybe looks for edges or corners. intermediate layers interpret the basic features to look for overall shapes or components, like a door or a leaf. the final few layers assemble those into complete interpretations—these neurons activate in response to very complex things such as entire buildings or trees. ” accompanying image from google’s post the google research team found out that feeding the algorithm iteratively with its own output yielded interesting results. check out some of the psychedelic images generated by google’s deep dream below: from lincoln harrison’s startrail gallery nickelodeon’s patrick star jackson pollock’s “no. ” a sunday afternoon on the island of la grande jatte that frigging dress an eye with eyes guardians of the galaxy much wow van gogh’s starry night edvard munch’s the scream images from research at google  why are there a lot of animals? according to google’s research team, this particular algorithm was trained with a large number of animal images and naturally, it is likely to interpret shapes as animals. the data is stored in high abstraction which results to the creation of hybrid animals. creepy pasta. literally. so it’s not really limited to dogs but rather to data sets fed to the code. here’s a video of someone using mit’s places cnn. so how do you make your own? google’s research team made their visualization code public after gaining a great amount of interest from programmers and artists alike. check out their github post here. oh yeah the code can be applied on both static images and videos. check out this video that uses the code iteratively. each frame is recursively fed back to the network starting with a frame of random noise. every frames ( seconds) the next layer is targeted until the lowest layer is reached. no worries if you are not programming-savvy. you can submit your images at http://psychic-vr-lab.com/deepdream/ or http://deepdream.pictures/static/ which use the same code to generate these trippy images. sources: inceptionism: going deeper into neural networks deepdream – a code example for visualizing neural networks   do you have deep dream images you generated? post them in the comments below! about the author: kevin rabida kevin is a reader first, a writer second, and a gamer somewhere in between. when not rooting for tyrion lannister for the iron throne, he's probably writing some morbid short story. he enjoys some surreal art, clever advertising campaigns, and a warm cup of coffee while reading murakami. 	 	 follow ucreative 		 			 			 						 							 						 					 			 		 	 popular posts 	 design , views 	 free chalkboard fonts , views 	 water splash photoshop brushes , views 	 free big, bold, and beautiful headline fonts , views 	 creative food advertisements that will win you over , views categories design photography business information about copyright privacy sitemap social media ucreative network copyright © . all rights reserved. 			 			 			 		 through a vulnerable occur — seabuckthorn | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, 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woods , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 living contact christina carter , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 and the world is still yawning vieo abiungo , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 cracked mirrors & stopped clocks origamibiro , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 worried about the fire aaron martin , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 sloppy ground eric chenaux , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 under the same sky raoul vignal listeners play album buy 	loading 	 bird-stone ben mcelroy listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 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december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 facebook (pages/seabuckthorn/ ) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more seabuckthorn , listeners related tags 	folk 	experimental 	psychedelic view wiki view wiki view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 vieo abiungo , listeners 	 william ryan fritch , listeners 	 ben mcelroy listeners 	 memory drawings , listeners 	 united bible studies , listeners 	 voice of the seven woods , listeners 	 six organs of admittance , listeners 	 a broken consort , listeners 	 rauelsson , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is 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goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close light through open blinds — spheruleus | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. spheruleus light through open blinds more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	ambient 	drone 	field recordings 	atmospheric 	dark ethereal ambient add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 light through open blinds 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 conserving warmth 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 floor 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 eighteen gallon 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 overseed 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 wreathe 	 	 buy 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friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 spheruleus.com 	 facebook (spheruleus) don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more spheruleus , listeners related tags 	ambient 	drone 	field recordings spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes flutter beneath, and now as spheruleus. he creates ambient textures designed chiefly to be listened to at low volume for quiet contemplation. his first ep was released on webbed hand records; since then he has released three subsequent albums on that netlabel. his first venture away from webbed hand was with phantom channel. harry typically uses his own field recordings in all of his album-length … read more spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes … read more spheruleus is british musician and producer harry towell, who releases ambient music in the drone, dark ambient, and musique concrete subgenres, under the project names audio gourmet, eyes flutter beneath, and now as spheruleus. he cre… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 damian valles , listeners 	 jannick schou , listeners 	 bas van huizen , listeners 	 ryonkt , listeners 	 strom noir , listeners 	 philip sulidae , listeners 	 relmic statute , listeners 	 seconds in formaldehyde , listeners 	 loren dent , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday september 	 	 friday september 	 	 saturday september 	 	 sunday september 	 	 monday september 	 	 tuesday september 	 	 wednesday september 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 thursday october 	 	 friday october 	 	 saturday october 	 	 sunday october 	 	 monday october 	 	 tuesday october 	 	 wednesday october 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday november 	 	 wednesday november 	 	 thursday november 	 	 friday november 	 	 saturday november 	 	 sunday november 	 	 monday november 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 	 sunday december 	 	 monday december 	 	 tuesday december 	 	 wednesday december 	 	 thursday december 	 	 friday december 	 	 saturday december 	 don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music 	 spheruleus.com 	 facebook (spheruleus) trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help 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play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. seabuckthorn other other more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , 	 listeners 	 scrobbles , more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artwork 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july 	length 	 tracks, : 	release date 	 july do you know any background info about this album? start the wiki related tags 	folk 	experimental 	psychedelic 	acoustic 	ambient add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now tracklist sorted by: running order 	 running order 	 most popular 	track number	play	loved	 track name 	artist name 	buy	options	duration	listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 where the road gets to 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 meridian i 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 it will be dark by then 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 meridian ii 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 unforeseen 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this track 	 set track as current obsession 	 get track 	loading 	 : 	 listeners 	 	 	 love this track 	 come eluding i 	 	 buy 	loading 	 more 	 love this 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saturday december 	 external links 	 apple music 	 facebook (pages/seabuckthorn/ ) 	 soundcloud 	 instagram don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images more seabuckthorn , listeners related tags 	folk 	experimental 	psychedelic view wiki view wiki view wiki view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 vieo abiungo , listeners 	 william ryan fritch , listeners 	 ben mcelroy listeners 	 memory drawings , listeners 	 united bible studies , listeners 	 voice of the seven woods , listeners 	 six organs of admittance , listeners 	 a broken consort , listeners 	 rauelsson , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 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türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close folklore (deluxe version) — taylor swift | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading player… scrobble from spotify? connect your spotify account to your last.fm account and scrobble everything you listen to, from any spotify app on any device or platform. connect to spotify dismiss last.fm searchsearchsearch toggle navigation	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	 subscribe 	 join 	 login 	upgrade to pro 	live 	music 	charts 	events 	features 	join 	login a new version of last.fm is available, to keep everything running smoothly, please reload the site. taylor swift folklore (deluxe version) more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m 	 listeners . k 	 scrobbles . m more actions 	 go to artist profile 	 get album 	loading add artworkview all artwork folklore (stylized in all lowercase) is the eighth studio album by american singer-songwriter taylor swift, released on july , , through republic records. a surprise album announced without pre-release promotion, folklore was written and recorded while in isolation during the covid- pandemic. categorized as an indie folk, alternative rock, electro-folk, and chamber pop record, the album marks a departure from the upbeat pop sound of swift's preceding studio albums to stripped-down tunes driven by piano and guitar, with production from aaron dessner, jack antonoff and sw… read more folklore (stylized in all lowercase) is the eighth studio album by american singer-songwriter taylor swift, released on july , , through republ… read more folklore (stylized in all lowercase) is the eighth studio album by american singer-songwriter taylor swift, released on july , , through republic records. a surprise album announce… read more related tags 	indie 	folk 	indie pop 	chamber pop 	lesbian add tagsview all tags don't want to see ads? upgrade now similar albums 	 illuminate (deluxe) shawn mendes , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 midnight memories (deluxe) one direction , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 halcyon days ellie goulding , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 unapologetically kelsea ballerini , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 teenage dream katy perry , , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 future nostalgia dua lipa , listeners play album 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(deluxe) little mix , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 bangerz (deluxe version) miley cyrus , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 strawberries & cigarettes troye sivan , listeners play album buy 	loading 	 kiss & tell selena gomez & the scene , listeners play album buy 	loading scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday august 	 , 	 wednesday august 	 , 	 thursday august 	 , 	 friday august 	 , 	 saturday august 	 , 	 sunday august 	 , 	 monday august 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday september 	 , 	 friday september 	 , 	 saturday september 	 , 	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 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	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , external links 	 apple music don't want to see ads? upgrade now shoutbox javascript is required to view shouts on this page. go directly to shout page about this artist artist images , more taylor swift , , listeners related tags 	pop 	country 	female vocalists taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over million album units and million singles worldwide. taylor swift is that rarest of pop phenomena: a superstar who managed to completely cross over from country to the mainstream. other singers performed similar moves – notably, dolly parton and willie nelson both became enduring mainstream icons based on their ' s work – but swift shed her country roots like they were a second sk… read more taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over mil… read more taylor alison swift is an american singer-songwriter and actress. swift is a -time grammy winner with a total of nominations (nov ). as of august , swift has sold over million album units and million singles world… read more view full artist profile similar artists play all 	 lorde , , listeners 	 selena gomez , , listeners 	 halsey , listeners 	 sugarland , listeners 	 kacey musgraves , listeners 	 troye sivan , listeners 	 katy perry , , listeners 	 carly rae jepsen , , listeners 	 ariana grande , , listeners view all similar artists scrobble stats ? what is scrobbling? scrobbling is when last.fm tracks the music you listen to and automatically adds it to your music profile. learn more recent listening trend 	day	listeners 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday june 	 	 thursday june 	 	 friday june 	 	 saturday june 	 	 sunday june 	 	 monday june 	 	 tuesday june 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday july 	 	 sunday july 	 	 monday july 	 	 tuesday july 	 	 wednesday july 	 	 thursday july 	 	 friday july 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 friday august 	 	 saturday august 	 	 sunday august 	 	 monday august 	 	 tuesday august 	 	 wednesday august 	 	 thursday august 	 	 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	 sunday september 	 , 	 monday september 	 , 	 tuesday september 	 , 	 wednesday september 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 thursday october 	 , 	 friday october 	 , 	 saturday october 	 , 	 sunday october 	 , 	 monday october 	 , 	 tuesday october 	 , 	 wednesday october 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday november 	 , 	 wednesday november 	 , 	 thursday november 	 , 	 friday november 	 , 	 saturday november 	 , 	 sunday november 	 , 	 monday november 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , 	 sunday december 	 , 	 monday december 	 , 	 tuesday december 	 , 	 wednesday december 	 , 	 thursday december 	 , 	 friday december 	 , 	 saturday december 	 , don't want to see ads? upgrade now external links 	 apple music trending tracks 	 	 	 	 	 	 view all trending tracks features 	 	 	 	 company 	about last.fm 	contact us 	jobs help 	track my music 	community support 	community guidelines 	help goodies 	download scrobbler 	developer api 	free music downloads 	merchandise account 	join 	login 	subscribe follow us 	facebook 	twitter 	instagram 	youtube 	 englishcurrent language 	 deutsch 	 español 	 français 	 italiano 	 日本語 	 polski 	 português 	 Русский 	 svenska 	 türkçe 	 简体中文 time zone: america/new_york 	cbs interactive © last.fm ltd. all rights reserved 	terms of use 	privacy policy 	legal policies 	california privacy/info we collect 	california do not sell my info 	jobs at cbsi 	last.fm music some user-contributed text on this page is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. audioscrobbler let us know what you think of the last.fm website. leave feedback api calls close ...plays the brown mountain lights — twincities | last.fm playing via spotify playing via youtube playback options 	 listening on… 	switch spotify device 	open in spotify web player 	 change playback source 	open on youtube website 	 change playback source 	 previous 	 play 	 next skip to youtube video loading 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loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice 	 	share timnit gebru, speaking at techcrunch disrupt in (kimberly white/getty images) this post is free for all to read thanks to the investment platformer subscribers have made in independent journalism. if this work is meaningful to you, i invite you to become a subscriber today. subscribe last week, a prominent a co-leader of the ethical artificial intelligence team at google sent an email to her colleagues. timnit gebru had been working on a research paper that she hoped to publish, but ran into resistance from her superiors at google. and so she sent a letter expressing her frustration to the internal listserv google brain women and allies. a few days later, gebru was fired — google reportedly found the email “inconsistent with the expectations of a google manager.” it details the struggles gebru experienced as a black leader working on ethics research within the company, and presents a bleak view of the path forward for underrepresented minorities at the company. gebru is well known and respected in the ai ethics community; here are shelly banjo and mark bergen on her background at bloomberg: gebru, an alumni of the stanford artificial intelligence laboratory, is one of the leading voices in the ethical use of artificial intelligence. she is well-known for her work on a landmark study in that showed how facial recognition software misidentified dark-skinned women as much as % of the time, whereas the technology worked with near precision on white men. she has also been an outspoken critic of the lack of diversity and unequal treatment of black workers at tech companies, particularly at alphabet inc.’s google, and said she believed her dismissal was meant to send a message to the rest of google’s employees not to speak up. platformer received the email gebru sent; she herself did not have access to her account after google terminated her. it is published in full below. google did not immediately respond to a request for comment. but on thursday morning, jeff dean, the head of google research, emailed employees with his account of what happened. dean said gebru had issued ultimatum and would resign unless certain conditions were met. platformer obtained dean’s email as well; you can find it below gebru’s. hi friends, i had stopped writing here as you may know, after all the micro and macro aggressions and harassments i received after posting my stories here (and then of course it started being moderated). recently however, i was contributing to a document that katherine and daphne were writing where they were dismayed by the fact that after all this talk, this org seems to have hired % or so women this year. samy has hired % from what i understand but he has zero incentive to do this. what i want to say is stop writing your documents because it doesn’t make a difference. the dei okrs that we don’t know where they come from (and are never met anyways), the random discussions, the “we need more mentorship” rather than “we need to stop the toxic environments that hinder us from progressing” the constant fighting and education at your cost, they don’t matter. because there is zero accountability. there is no incentive to hire % women: your life gets worse when you start advocating for underrepresented people, you start making the other leaders upset when they don’t want to give you good ratings during calibration. there is no way more documents or more conversations will achieve anything. we just had a black research all hands with such an emotional show of exasperation. do you know what happened since? silencing in the most fundamental way possible. have you ever heard of someone getting “feedback” on a paper through a privileged and confidential document to hr? does that sound like a standard procedure to you or does it just happen to people like me who are constantly dehumanized? imagine this: you’ve sent a paper for feedback to + researchers, you’re awaiting feedback from pr & policy who you gave a heads up before you even wrote the work saying “we’re thinking of doing this”, working on a revision plan figuring out how to address different feedback from people, haven’t heard from pr & policy besides them asking you for updates (in months). a week before you go out on vacation, you see a meeting pop up at : pm pst on your calendar (this popped up at around pm). no one would tell you what the meeting was about in advance. then in that meeting your manager’s manager tells you “it has been decided” that you need to retract this paper by next week, nov. , the week when almost everyone would be out (and a date which has nothing to do with the conference process). you are not worth having any conversations about this, since you are not someone whose humanity (let alone expertise recognized by journalists, governments, scientists, civic organizations such as the electronic frontiers foundation etc) is acknowledged or valued in this company. then, you ask for more information. what specific feedback exists? who is it coming from? why now? why not before? can you go back and forth with anyone? can you understand what exactly is problematic and what can be changed? and you are told after a while, that your manager can read you a privileged and confidential document and you’re not supposed to even know who contributed to this document, who wrote this feedback, what process was followed or anything. you write a detailed document discussing whatever pieces of feedback you can find, asking for questions and clarifications, and it is completely ignored. and you’re met with, once again, an order to retract the paper with no engagement whatsoever. then you try to engage in a conversation about how this is not acceptable and people start doing the opposite of any sort of self reflection—trying to find scapegoats to blame. silencing marginalized voices like this is the opposite of the nauwu principles which we discussed. and doing this in the context of “responsible ai” adds so much salt to the wounds. i understand that the only things that mean anything at google are levels, i’ve seen how my expertise has been completely dismissed. but now there’s an additional layer saying any privileged person can decide that they don’t want your paper out with zero conversation. so you’re blocked from adding your voice to the research community—your work which you do on top of the other marginalization you face here. i’m always amazed at how people can continue to do thing after thing like this and then turn around and ask me for some sort of extra dei work or input. this happened to me last year. i was in the middle of a potential lawsuit for which kat herller and i hired feminist lawyers who threatened to sue google (which is when they backed off--before that google lawyers were prepared to throw us under the bus and our leaders were following as instructed) and the next day i get some random “impact award.” pure gaslighting. so if you would like to change things, i suggest focusing on leadership accountability and thinking through what types of pressures can also be applied from the outside. for instance, i believe that the congressional black caucus is the entity that started forcing tech companies to report their diversity numbers. writing more documents and saying things over and over again will tire you out but no one will listen. timnit and here is the email that jeff dean sent out to googlers on thursday morning. hi everyone, i’m sure many of you have seen that timnit gebru is no longer working at google. this is a difficult moment, especially given the important research topics she was involved in, and how deeply we care about responsible ai research as an org and as a company. because there’s been a lot of speculation and misunderstanding on social media, i wanted to share more context about how this came to pass, and assure you we’re here to support you as you continue the research you’re all engaged in. timnit co-authored a paper with four fellow googlers as well as some external collaborators that needed to go through our review process (as is the case with all externally submitted papers). we’ve approved dozens of papers that timnit and/or the other googlers have authored and then published, but as you know, papers often require changes during the internal review process (or are even deemed unsuitable for submission). unfortunately, this particular paper was only shared with a day’s notice before its deadline — we require two weeks for this sort of review — and then instead of awaiting reviewer feedback, it was approved for submission and submitted. a cross functional team then reviewed the paper as part of our regular process and the authors were informed that it didn’t meet our bar for publication and were given feedback about why. it ignored too much relevant research — for example, it talked about the environmental impact of large models, but disregarded subsequent research showing much greater efficiencies.  similarly, it raised concerns about bias in language models, but didn’t take into account recent research to mitigate these issues. we acknowledge that the authors were extremely disappointed with the decision that megan and i ultimately made, especially as they’d already submitted the paper.  timnit responded with an email requiring that a number of conditions be met in order for her to continue working at google, including revealing the identities of every person who megan and i had spoken to and consulted as part of the review of the paper and the exact feedback. timnit wrote that if we didn’t meet these demands, she would leave google and work on an end date. we accept and respect her decision to resign from google. given timnit's role as a respected researcher and a manager in our ethical ai team, i feel badly that timnit has gotten to a place where she feels this way about the work we’re doing. i also feel badly that hundreds of you received an email just this week from timnit telling you to stop work on critical dei programs. please don’t. i understand the frustration about the pace of progress, but we have important work ahead and we need to keep at it. i know we all genuinely share timnit’s passion to make ai more equitable and inclusive. no doubt, wherever she goes after google, she’ll do great work and i look forward to reading her papers and seeing what she accomplishes. thank you for reading and for all the important work you continue to do.  -jeff 	 sign up to like post subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice 	 	share subscribe ← previousnext → create your profile set photo sign up for the newsletter save & post comment only paying subscribers can comment on this post subscribe already a paying subscriber? sign in check your email for your security, we need to re-authenticate you. click the link we sent to , or click here to log in. 	 	ztgsbdec liked by casey newton the root controversy here is a pretty big factual discrepancy about the nature of the review process. did she turn it in a day before the deadline instead of the normal two weeks, or did google ghost her and her coauthors for two months? was the review a normal one or a confidential memo? the issue was not clear from the new york times' coverage, which neglects to include the fact that dean's email contests her account of the timing. if the company's version is true google's actions are far easier to defend; if dr. gebru's version is true then the scandal is even worse. it would be helpful to have some background on how the review process normally works. sign up to like comment subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice reply reply by casey newton 	 	lucy suchmandec liked by casey newton as someone who was a researcher at xerox's palo alto research center (parc) for years, i find the internal review process for google researchers deeply troubling. at parc our research papers were reviewed for intellectual property only, with questions of the quality of research content left up to peer review. an internal, corporate review process runs the serious risk of acting as a mode of censorship above and beyond questions of ip. so regardless of chronology, i think this process raises serious questions about research integrity at google, particularly for those like timnit gebru who are committed to critical thinking about technology. sign up to like comment subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice reply more comments… topnewcommunitywhat is platformer?about ready for more? subscribe © substack inc. see privacy, terms and information collection notice publish on substack this site requires javascript to run correctly. please turn on javascript or unblock scripts zoom by istvan banyai: | penguinrandomhouse.com: books 	skip to main content (press enter) when you buy a book, we donate a book 	 	 	 	 	 	 sign in 	 holiday gift guide 	 books 	 kids 	 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	 	 	 	 	 		 			 		 		 		 			 			 				 			 			 				 paperback $ . jul , | isbn 			 			 				 add to cart 			 			 				 *this format is not eligible to earn points towards the reader rewards program 				 				 also available from: 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 			 			 			 			 hardcover $ . 			 mar , | isbn 			 			 			 add to cart 			 			 				 also available from: 		 		 		 		 		 see all formats 		 ( ) 		 + 		 		 		 									 							 	 	 					 					paperback 					 					 – 	 	 	 	 	 		 	 paperback $ . jul , | isbn | - years add to cart also available from: *this format is not eligible to earn points towards the reader rewards program 							 							 	 	 					 					hardcover 					 					 + 	 	 	 	 	 		 	 hardcover $ . mar , | isbn | - years add to cart also available from: 				 	buy the hardcover: 		barnes & noble 	walmart 	books a million 	indiebound 	amazon 	powell’s 	target 	 add to cart 	 add to cart 	 	 about zoom as seen on the serial podcast, season , episode (“dustwun”)! open this wordless book and zoom from a farm to a ship to a city street to a desert island. but if you think you know where you are, guess again. for nothing is ever as it seems in istvan banyai’s sleek, mysterious landscapes of pictures within pictures, which will tease and delight readers of all ages. “this book has the fascinating appeal of such works of visual trickery as the waldo and magic eye books.” — kirkus reviews “ingenious.”– the horn book about zoom as seen on the serial podcast, season , episode (“dustwun”)!  open this wordless book and zoom from a farm to a ship to a city street to a desert island. but if you think you know where you are, guess again. for nothing is ever as it seems in istvan banyai’s sleek, mysterious landscapes of pictures within pictures, which will tease and delight readers of all ages.  “this book has the fascinating appeal of such works of visual trickery as the waldo and magic eye books.” – kirkus reviews “ingenious.”– the horn book 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 	 	 	 		 also by istvan banyai 	 see all books by istvan banyai also by istvan banyai 	 see all books by istvan banyai about istvan banyai istvan banyai is a commercial illustrator and animator as well as the author/illustrator of zoom (viking and puffin) and rem (viking). he lives in new york city. about istvan banyai istvan banyai is a commercial illustrator and animator as well as the author/illustrator of zoom (viking and puffin) and rem (viking). he lives in new york city. product details category: children’s activity & novelty books | children’s picture books paperback | $ . published by puffin books jul , | pages | - / x - / | - years | isbn category: children’s activity & novelty books | children’s picture books hardcover | $ . published by viking books for young readers mar , | pages | - / x - / | - years | isbn 	 	 inspired by your browsing history 	 	 buy other books like zoom 												 ‹ 																					 › 																															 									christmas puzzles 									 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president of the jungle 									larissa ribeiro, andré rodrigues, pedro markun and paula desgualdo 																																				 									richard scarry’s best word book ever 									richard scarry 																																				 		 	 	 	 		 		inspired by your browsing history 		 	 		 		 		buy other books like zoom 		 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 					 				 					 				 			 				 	 	 	 praise “readers are in for a perpetually surprising-and even philosophical-adventure,”–publisher’s weekly, starred review “this book has the fascinating appeal of such works of visual trickery as the waldo and magic eye books.”—kirkus reviews 	 		 	 		 		 related articles looking for more great reads? discover book picks from the ceo of penguin random house us 	   close download hi res   close 	 	zoom 						category: children's activity & novelty books | children's picture books category: children's activity & novelty books | children's picture books 	 	 	zoom 			 	 	 	buy now 		 		 		 		 			 			 				 			 			 				paperback 				jul , | isbn 			 			 												 buy 				 			 		 		 		 		 		 		 		 			 			 			 			 			 hardcover 			 mar , | isbn 			 			 			 			 				 buy 				 			 		 		 		 		 		 see all formats 		 ( ) 		 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namespaces is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. 		privacy policy 	about wikidata 	disclaimers 	mobile view 	data access 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 intel's nm is broken, company announces delay until , | tom's hardware skip to main content tom's hardware search rss 	 	 reviews 	 best picks 	 raspberry pi 	 cpus 	 gpus 	 holiday 	 more 	 laptops 	 ssds 	 motherboards 	 cooling 	 desktops 	 pc builds 	 monitors 	 ram 	 pc cases 	 keyboards 	 headsets 	 mice 	 power supplies 	 vr headsets 	 windows tips forums trending 	 cyberpunk 	 rtx ti 	 rx xt 	 x review 	 apple m 	 ampere 	 xbox series x 	 ps tom's hardware is supported by its audience. when you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. learn more 	home 	news intel's nm is broken, company announces delay until , by paul alcorn july from bad to worse 	 	 	 	 	 	 shares comments ( ) (image credit: tom's hardware)intel announced today in its q earnings release that it has now delayed the rollout of its nm cpus by six months relative to its previously-planned release date, undoubtedly resulting in wide-ranging delays to the company's roadmaps. intel's press release also says that yields for its nm process are now twelve months behind the company's internal targets, meaning the company isn't currently on track to produce its nm process in an economically viable way. the company now says its nm cpus will not debut on the market until late or early .  here's the snippet from intel's press release: "the company's nm-based cpu product timing is shifting approximately six months relative to prior expectations. the primary driver is the yield of intel's nm process, which based on recent data, is now trending approximately twelve months behind the company's internal target." on the earnings call, intel ceo bob swan said the company had identified a "defect mode" in its nm process that caused yield degradation issues. as a result, intel has invested in "contingency plans," which swan later defined as including using third-party foundries. the company will also use external third-party foundries for its forthcoming nm ponte vecchio gpus, the company's first graphics chips. ponte vecchio comes as a chiplet-based design, and swan clarified that production for some of the chiplets (tiles) will be outsourced to third parties. swan noted the gpus will come in late or early , portending a delay beyond the original schedule for a launch in the exascale aurora supercomputer.  intel's first nm server cpus (granite rapids) will arrive in , which is later than listed in earlier roadmaps that projected a launch in . that timeline is concerning in the face of amd's continued execution with its epyc data center chips – amd's roadmaps outline its nm genoa processors coming to market before the end of . swan also said that intel's first nm processors will debut for the client market, meaning chips targeting either desktop pcs or laptops. intel's first nm desktop cpus, alder lake, will arrive in the second half of . for perspective, rival foundry tsmc plans to be on the nm node in the same time frame as intel's new schedule for nm. intel clearly isn't pleased with its execution on the nm node, as an embattled swan remarked that "and we feel pretty good about where we are, though we’re not happy. i’m not pleased with our nm process performance" at the end of the call after a bruising question and answer session with analysts. swan also said "we have root-caused the [ nm] issue and believe there are no fundamental roadblocks," and that the company would provide further updates at an upcoming architecture day.  swan said the company had a built-in buffer in its roadmap to account for process node delays. that accomodation comes as a result of hard-learned lessons from the company's incessant nm delays. intel says it will use its advanced packaging technologies, which allow it to mix and match components produced from external sources with its own chips, to help reconcile the six month delay to its nm processors with the year-long delay to its internal nm yield projections. swan also noted that intel could use third-party foundries for entire chip designs. in the past, intel stated that it would also enable newer architectures to be portable to older nodes, so it's plausible that intel could resort to back-porting some architectures as part of its contingency plan. the nm delay reflects yet another setback as intel still struggles to overcome the multi-year yield issues it has encountered with its nm process. those delays have allowed its competitors, like amd, to wrest the process node leadership position from intel for the first time in the company's history. that's triggered a price war in the market as intel fights a true x competitor with a better node, not to mention amazon's new graviton arm chips based on tsmc's nm node. apple also recently announced that it is transitioning from intel's chips to its own arm-based nm silicon. the nm delay also exacerbates the recent news that rock star chip architect jim keller, who was a key part of a team effort to revitalize the company's roadmaps, has left the company.  (image credit: intel)intel cfo george davis has previously indicated that the company's process tech would lag its its competitors until nm arrived in , and that the company would regain the lead with its nm process at an undefined time: "so we bring a lot of capability to the table for our customers, in addition to the cpu, and we feel like we're starting to see the acceleration on the process side that we have been talking about to get back to parity in the nm generation and regain leadership in the nm generation." that plan to regain a competitive footing has now obviously shifted due to the nm delay. intel had planned to speed the delivery of its nm node to offset the underperforming nm, which it said would not perform as well as other nodes. at the time, davis noted that the company was trying to be clear with investors about the impacts of nm on the company's gross margins: "...but the fact is that i wanted to be clear what was happening during the nm generation. the fact is, it isn't going to be as strong a node as people would expect from nm or what they'll see in nm." in regards to the nm node, davis commented: "as we said back at our analyst day in may of : look, this isn't just going to be the best node that intel has ever had. it's going to be less productive than nm, less productive than nm, but we're excited about the improvements that we're seeing and we expect to start the nm period with a much better profile of performance over that starting at the end of ." "also, we were at a time when in order to regain process leadership we had to accelerate the overlap between nm, nm, and then nm and nm, so the cost that you're absorbing, starting in particular in , you’ve got this intersection of the performance of nm, the investment in nm, and were also well into starting the investment in nm: all of those elements just combine to impact gross margin." today intel said that it plans to increase its shipments of nm chips by % over its prior projections, so it appears the company's nm plans have shifted out of necessity. intel's new plan centers on gaining another 'full node' of performance from its current nm node, meaning nm may have longer legs than the company expected when it announced last year that it would accelerate nm production. intel pulled off a similar feat with its nm processors through a series of "+" revisions that added incremental performance improvements, so it does have a track record of successful inter-node improvements that could help it remain competitive until it can correct the issues with its nm process. intel has also traditionally used third-party fabs, currently to the tune of ~ % of its production, for low-margin, non-cpu products built on trailing-edge nodes. intel's new plans to more aggressively leverage external fabs could result in it using other fabs for its core logic, like cpus and gpus, which the company hasn't done in the past. as swan noted, that will present challenges in maintaining attractive asps for intel's products, especially given the scale of its production needs. ultimately, intel could also face significantly reduced margins if it outsources significant portions of its fabrication of high-margin products, like cpus, to third parties. relying upon an outside vendor for leading-edge node production also incurs more risk in terms of supply assurance as intel could be forced to compete with deep-pocketed rival semiconductor companies, like apple, nvidia and amd, among others, for production capacity.  topics cpus see all comments ( ) comments comment from the forums 	 dave haynie july : yikes! intel bugged their nm process long enough to fall behind, despite probably having the best nm process around. full control of process was intel's superpower, going back to the cisc vs risc wars of the s- s. kind of a shame... though i've had amd in this horse-race for quite some time. but i pretty much always like the underdog! reply 	 invaliderror july : a couple years ago when nm was slipping, intel said the lessons it'll learn in pushing ahead with nm despite setbacks would be useful for pushing nm afterward. however, intel still hasn't fully sorted nm out and i'm guessing that some of the lessons learned don't port over to nm quite as well as intel hoped they would. looks like intel may not have much for people to get excited about until . reply 	 passivecool july : poor intel. slept for ten years then woke up with a hangover. reply 	 jamessneed july : invaliderror said: a couple years ago when nm was slipping, intel said the lessons it'll learn in pushing ahead with nm despite setbacks would be useful for pushing nm afterward. however, intel still hasn't fully sorted nm out and i'm guessing that some of the lessons learned don't port over to nm quite as well as intel hoped they would. looks like intel may not have much for people to get excited about until . i think moving to euv is a huge change and they are having a hard time getting the yields up on euv. they were being too optimistic once again. you know this is why tsmc did the initial nm where only some up front processes were nm rest was - nm. then they improved that process my having more processes use nm. now tsmc are using euv for nm. this is the lesson intel needs to learn, baby steps on node improvements going forward so its small evolutionary steps not revolutionary steps. things are way to freaking complicated now to make big leaps. this is why tsmc is ahead now. this is the missing lesson. reply 	 kamen rider blade july : dave haynie said: i think moving to euv is a huge change and they are having a hard time getting the yields up on euv. they were being too optimistic once again. you know this is why tsmc did the initial nm where only some up front processes were nm rest was - nm. then they improved that process. now tsmc are using euv for nm. this is the lesson intel needs to learn, baby steps on node improvements going forward so its small evolutionary steps not revolutionary steps. things are way to freaking complicated now to make big leaps. this is why tsmc is ahead now. this is the missing lesson. remember the 'children's fable/story' of the "tortoise & the hare"? slow & steady wins the race! tsmc, was improving incrementally, while intel decided to shoot for as far as they can like icarus. we all know what happened to icarus wings. reply 	 robertcharon july : invaliderror said: a couple years ago when nm was slipping, intel said the lessons it'll learn in pushing ahead with nm despite setbacks would be useful for pushing nm afterward. however, intel still hasn't fully sorted nm out and i'm guessing that some of the lessons learned don't port over to nm quite as well as intel hoped they would. looks like intel may not have much for people to get excited about until . listening to intel q earnings conference... intel is touting that they have the most technically advanced packaging technology... while their new nm process is technically screwed. i could be wrong but that seems like wrong priorities </s> ridiculous! reply 	 robertcharon july : listening to q&a now. wow, that was some bs response from swan (intel ceo). i guess that was expected from an mba instead of an engineer. reply 	 makaveli july : hmm ya i guess time to buy more amd stock lol reply 	 kamen rider blade july : robertcharon said: listening to q&a now. wow, that was some bs response from swan (intel ceo). i guess that was expected from an mba instead of an engineer. i think intel shot themselves in the foot when they fired brian krzanich from the ceo position. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/brian_krzanich brian krzanich was a chemistry major and worked as a process engineer in intel's fab's. he worked his way up to ceo position, but he's still a chemistry guy at the core. far more useful then bob swan who's just a glorified middle manager with a mba degree. reply 	 thisisaname july : invaliderror said: however, intel still hasn't fully sorted nm out and i'm guessing that some of the lessons learned don't port over to nm quite as well as intel hoped they would. when they say lessons learned you can be pretty sure they are not going to be. reply 	 view all comments show more comments be in the know get instant access to breaking news, in-depth reviews and helpful tips. contact me with news and offers from other future brands receive email from us on behalf of our trusted partners or sponsors thank you for signing up to tom's hardware. you 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us 	contact us © future us, inc. west nd street, th floor, new york, ny . covid- impact on ethnic minorities linked to housing and air pollution | world news | the guardian skip to main content the guardian - back to home support the guardian available for everyone, funded by readers contribute subscribe contribute search jobs sign in my account 	 account overview 	 billing 	 profile 	 emails & marketing 	 settings 	 help 	 comments & replies 	 sign out search 	 switch to the us edition 	 switch to the uk edition 	 switch to the australia edition 	 switch to the international edition current edition: us edition 	 news 	 opinion 	 sport 	 culture 	 lifestyle show more 	 news 	 us news 	 elections 	 world news 	 environment 	 soccer 	 us politics 	 business 	 tech 	 science 	 newsletters 	 opinion 	 the guardian view 	 columnists 	 letters 	 opinion videos 	 cartoons 	 sport 	 soccer 	 nfl 	 tennis 	 mlb 	 mls 	 nba 	 nhl 	 culture 	 film 	 books 	 music 	 art & design 	 tv & radio 	 stage 	 classical 	 games 	 lifestyle 	 fashion 	 food 	 recipes 	 love & sex 	 home & garden 	 health & fitness 	 family 	 travel 	 money what term do you want to search? search with google 	 make a contribution 	 subscribe 	 us edition 	 switch to the uk edition 	 switch to the australia edition 	 switch to the international edition 	 search jobs 	 digital archive 	 guardian puzzles app 	 the guardian app 	 video 	 podcasts 	 pictures 	 inside the guardian 	 guardian weekly 	 crosswords 	 facebook 	 twitter 	 search jobs 	 digital archive 	 guardian puzzles app 	 world 	 europe 	 us 	 americas 	 asia 	 australia 	 middle east 	 africa 	 inequality 	 global development more coronavirus this article is more than months old covid- impact on ethnic minorities linked to housing and air pollution this article is more than months old exclusive: minority ethnic patients twice as likely to live in deprived environments and to be admitted to intensive care 	coronavirus – latest updates 	see all our coronavirus coverage damian carrington environment editor @dpcarrington sun jul .  edt last modified on mon jul .  edt 	 share on facebook 	 share on twitter 	 share via email the study followed coronavirus patients admitted to a hospital in birmingham, england. photograph: joe giddens/pa the severe impact of covid- on people from minority ethnic groups has been linked to air pollution and overcrowded and poor-standard homes by a study of hospital patients. it found patients from ethnic minorities were twice as likely as white patients to live in areas of environmental and housing deprivation, and that people from these areas were twice as likely to arrive at hospital with more severe coronavirus symptoms and to be admitted to intensive care units (itu). minority ethnic groups were known to be disproportionately affected by covid- : they account for % of critically ill covid- patients in the uk despite constituting % of the population. but the reasons for the disparity remain unclear. the research is the first to examine the role of environmental and housing deprivation. doctors praised the study but cautioned it has yet to be formally reviewed by other scientists and that additional, detailed studies in other areas are urgently needed. the study also found patients from ethnic minorities were on average years younger than the white patients, though the explanation for this is unknown. age, frailty and underlying health conditions remain critical factors for all patients in determining the outcome of covid- . + vs last week daily deaths - total deaths - england daily cases - scotland daily cases - wales daily cases - ni daily cases - data from phe at . note: uk total is not always the sum of the totals for individual countries. low daily deaths at weekends is often a result of delayed reporting. weekly change shows new daily cases compared to days ago. about the data "> the study concluded: “patients of black, asian and minority ethnicity (bame) are more likely to be admitted from regions of highest air pollution, housing quality and household overcrowding deprivation. this is likely to contribute an explanation towards the higher itu admissions reported among covid- bame patients.” i'm a nurse in a deprived area of the uk. here's the sinister truth about covid and inequality read more david thickett, professor of respiratory medicine at the university of birmingham and one of the study team, said. “it’s no surprise that people living in poor areas and poor housing do badly in a pandemic. it’s been true since the black death and this reaffirms the importance of deprivation in influencing the pattern of disease.” a public health england report released in june showed a link between overall deprivation and worse coronavirus outcomes, but did not examine specific types of deprivation. at the time, the equalities minister, kemi badenoch, rejected claims that “systemic injustice” was the reason for the disparities. there is also “compelling” evidence of an association between dirty air and coronavirus infections and deaths. thickett said the public health message of the new study was better targeting of social distancing and handwashing advice to people in deprived areas and particularly those living in large households. “i don’t think there was very good engagement with ethnically diverse populations, particularly in terms of language barriers,” he said. “the limitation of this study is that it’s in a single centre.” thickett said. “what you really want is data from several different areas.” this research is being planned. prof stephen holgate, the royal college of physicians’ special adviser on air quality, said: “this seems a strong study with appropriate methods used.” it suggests air pollution may be an important driver, he said. dr aarash saleh, an nhs respiratory doctor and member of the doctors against diesel campaign said: “we need more research like this to understand how air pollution interacts with other societal injustices to exacerbate health inequities, including death from covid- . strategic responses to air pollution are urgently needed and must acknowledge and address the socioeconomic and racial intersections of this public health crisis.” the study, which has been submitted to a medical journal and made available online, followed covid- patients admitted to the queen elizabeth hospital in birmingham. two-thirds of the patients listed their ethnicity as “white”, % as “asian/asian british” and % were “black/african/caribbean”. the analysis used deprivation data from the english indices of deprivation report published by the government. this divides the country into , small areas, containing an average of households. among the seven measures of deprivation are “living environment”, which comprises air pollution, housing in poor condition and road traffic accidents. coronavirus near me: are uk covid- cases rising or falling in your area? read more another measure is “barriers to housing and services”, including household overcrowding, distance to amenities such as schools and gps, and housing affordability. the researchers found a “strongly suggestive” statistical link between those living in the bottom % of areas under these measures, being from an ethnic minority and covid- outcomes, said thickett. air pollution and household overcrowding were already known to be associated with higher rates of community-acquired pneumonia and the worst air pollution levels are in neighbourhoods with a high population of minority ethnic residents. thickett said the research was unlikely to explain why a disproportionate number of nhs staff from ethnic minorities had died from covid- : “that can’t just be due to deprivation, because they are at least in employment.” prof chris griffiths, at barts and the london school of medicine, said: “this study suggests that markers of socio-economic and environment are linked to pneumonia and itu admission with covid- . this is important, but the [deprivation] measures used are really too broad to be able to point the finger at a specific component of each of these markers. more work is urgently needed.” “teasing out the individual components is difficult,” said prof jonathan grigg, of queen mary, university of london. he said the study was in line with his research showing exposure to air pollution increases the number of the ace receptors that the coronavirus hijacks to enter the body. dr gilles de wildt, a birmingham gp, said: “though the study is not yet peer reviewed, this is such an important area of research. we have all felt the clean air in birmingham during the lockdown and know that emissions need to be curbed drastically for all health’s sake, not just covid- .” thickett said: “for most diseases, there’s a relationship with deprivation, frailty, [underlying illnesses] and age – it’s not rocket science. what you’re looking for is things that you can modify, to make things better for the future.” 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account + english 	video 	tv 	the : project 	news 	world news 	tech 	music 	food 	health 	money 	drugs 	election 	identity 	games 	entertainment 	environment 	travel 	horoscopes 	sex 	vice magazine 	 	 	 sign increate account 	video 	tv 	podcasts 	shop 	apps 	vice voices 	 	 	 	 	 	 	 	the : project 	news 	world news 	tech 	music 	food 	health 	money 	drugs 	election 	identity 	games 	entertainment 	environment 	travel 	horoscopes 	sex 	vice magazine 	about 	jobs 	partner 	vice voices 	content funding on vice 	security policy 	privacy & terms 	 © vice media group identity ​the little-known history of how the canadian government made inuit wear ‘eskimo tags’ for decades, inuit had to wear numbered identification tags around their necks, mainly because white administrators couldn't pronounce their names. by natasha macdonald-dupuis december , , : pm 	share 	tweet 	snap to many, "eskimo identification tags" looked and felt like dog tags. photo via the author this article originally appeared on vice canada. "well, my name's jennifer qupanuaq may… but apparently in the eyes of the government i'm still e - ," she says with irony. the -year-old inuk woman from kuujuuaq, quebec, is referring to her eskimo identification number, a long-forgotten government program that ran for decades in the north—all the way until the s in some areas. every inuit was issued a number, the first letter and number indicating the region where they lived, the last four digits a personalized id. the goal was to facilitate the administration of social and medical aid. the government thereafter addressed them as such, often dropping their names altogether in written correspondence. according to some accounts, children were asked to call out their disk number at school rather than a name. when the program was introduced in the early s, inuit still lived as nomads; they didn't carry wallets, didn't write, and only spoke inuktitut. because of this, the number had to be worn at all times on a small leather or copper disk around the neck. to many, they looked and felt like dog tags. the program was dropped in the s ( s in quebec), after an inuk member of the northwest territories legislative assembly decided he no longer wanted to be known as w - . at first glance, it sounds like a messed-up version of the social insurance number system we have today. in reality, old records from the department of indian and northern affairs show that white administrators in the north were mostly just frustrated at their inability to pronounce or understand inuit names. they tried fingerprinting at first, but eventually settled for the tagging system. an ugly reminder of canadian history a. j. mackinnon, the medical examiner for the remote northern community of pangnirtung, came up with the idea. he was stumped by the absence of actual surnames in inuit society, which made his job more complicated. in a letter to his superiors, he wrote: "a good example of this is in the fairly common name of ruth. the natives cannot get the sounding mechanism around the r letter; as a result, different persons would write down the following: urootee, ulootee, alootah, etc. my humble suggestion would be that at each registration the child be given an identity disk on the same line as an army disk and the same instance that it'd be worn all the time. the novelty of it would appeal to the natives." like many before him, he assumed that messing with identity would be of little consequence for those renamed. while ignored for a while, his suggestion was eventually adopted. by , the family allowance act of canada defined an "eskimo" person as "one to whom an identification disk has been issued." may was born in , one of the last inuks to ever receive an e-number. she never had to use hers, but two years ago she received a puzzling piece of mail from service canada. "for some reason, it had my e-number printed next to my name. i choked up in shock. i thought about all the people who had to wear the physical tags. why the hell was that number still in my file?" she never called service canada to find out, but agreed to let me check for her. they told me they'd investigate, but eventually sent a generic pr statement instead. "the government of canada has discontinued the use of the 'eskimo' disk numbers completely. generally, inuit are known by given names and surnames, and are registered through vital statistics records the same way as other canadians," it read in part. who knows, maybe it was a glitch, or maybe the e-numbers are still in the system somewhere. "the canadian government considered the inuit as 'things,' as weird savage people," says jennifer. "it's getting better, but it's still misunderstood. we tend to repress that, but our social issues stem from this repression; people have ptsd from being sent to residential schools, from wearing dog tags, and being just a number in their government's eyes." to be fair, some inuit people aren't as bothered with it. when i was researching this piece, one inuit woman eagerly photocopied each of her family member's e-tags for me, which she's kept neatly stored in a jewelry box for decades. nevertheless, the government of canada has never apologized for or spoken about this program publicly. throughout history, most aboriginal people in canada were identified by name; the inuit were the only ones to be "tagged" in this way. of course, the inuit had their own naming system, which worked just fine for them. in , arctic explorer vilhjalmur stefansson said, "the name in eskimo belief, is the soul, and the soul is the name." what he meant was that naming was—and still is—viewed as reincarnation. to this day, in most parts of the arctic, name and gender aren't connected. an inuit woman once put it this way: "no child is only a child. if i give my grandfather's atiq (name) to my baby daughter, she is my grandfather. i will call her ataatassiaq, grandfather. she is entitled to call me grandson." to many, the eskimo identification system felt like an erasure of inuit identity, but in recent years, young inuks have started to reclaim it. songs have been written about it. olivia ikey duncan, also from kuujuuaq, got a disk tattooed to the inside of her arm after she saw jennifer's service canada letter posted on facebook. "until then i had never known about it, even though it was discontinued only four years before i was born. even our families aren't willing to teach us about it, because they've never healed. i know a man who threw his off a bridge somewhere in montreal." olivia ikey duncan's tattoos. photo via the author what angers her the most, she says, is that while the government was "tracking their every move," inuit families were trying to locate their children in residential school, or sick relatives in southern hospitals. "if the government knew where we were, why weren't the children brought back?" the history of the eskimo identification program still isn't talked about in canadian classrooms, but its legacy lingers still, through a custom that neither olivia or jennifer can really explain. "growing up, all inuit kids picked a number for themselves, like a lucky number, it was just a normal thing," says olivia. "we signed everything with our numbers, i was number …my brother was . i guess it just kind of transferred over, weirdly, to this day." follow natasha macdonald-dupuis on twitter. tagged:racismindigenouscanadahistoryvice canadaidentityinuittagsnamesvice blogsurnamenatasha macdonald-dupuissad historyjennifer qupanuaq may get a personalized roundup of vice's best stories in your inbox. subscribe by signing up to the vice newsletter you agree to receive electronic communications from vice that may sometimes include advertisements or sponsored content. advertisement 	about 	jobs 	partner 	vice voices 	content funding on vice 	security policy 	privacy & terms 	 © vice media group q - wikidata 	 	 	 	 	 no label defined (q ) 	 		from wikidata 		 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		 no description defined edit 	language	label	description	also known as 	english	 no label defined 	 no description defined 	 statements instance of research institute references part of consiglio 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	user:jneubert/swib queries 	 		from wikidata 		< user:jneubert 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		swib institution map[edit] federated query, using a custom set of instition items with the number of swib participants from these institutions. the following query uses these: 	properties: image (p )   , logo image (p )   , coordinate location (p )   , headquarters location (p )   , located in the administrative territorial entity (p )   , country (p )    	 features: map (q )    #defaultview:map # # swib participants' institutions, mapped to wikidata and enriched from there # prefix zbwext: <http://zbw.eu/namespaces/zbw-extensions/> # # from possibly multi-valued fields, use an arbitrary value select distinct ?item ?itemlabel (sample(?logo ) as ?logo) (sample(?img) as ?image) (sample(?pos) as ?coord) ?participants where { # institutions' items and count of participants from custom wdqs-enabled endpoint service <http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/econ_corp/query> { ?item zbwext:swib 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items and count of participants from custom wdqs-enabled endpoint service <http://zbw.eu/beta/sparql/econ_corp/query> { ?item zbwext:swib participants ?count. bind(concat(str(?count), ' participant', if(?count > , 's', '')) as ?participants) } service wikibase:label { bd:serviceparam wikibase:language "en,[auto_language],de,fr,es". } } order by desc(?count) try it! retrieved from "https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=user:jneubert/swib_queries&oldid= " 		 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			english 	not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			user page 	discussion 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 			 			 			 			 		 	 		 	 	 	 		 	 	 	 		navigation 	 	 			main page 	community portal 	project chat 	create a new item 	recent changes 	random item 	query service 	nearby 	help 	donate 		 	 	 	 		lexicographical data 	 	 			create a new lexeme 	recent changes 	random lexeme 		 	 	 		tools 	 	 			what links here 	related changes 	user contributions 	logs 	view user groups 	special pages 	permanent link 	page information 		 	 	 		print/export 	 	 			create a book 	download as pdf 	printable version 		 	 	 		 this page was last edited on november , at : . 	all structured data from the main, property, lexeme, and entityschema namespaces is available under the creative commons cc license; text in the other namespaces is available under the creative commons attribution-sharealike license; additional terms may apply. by using this site, you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy. 		privacy policy 	about wikidata 	disclaimers 	mobile view 	data access 	developers 	statistics 	cookie statement 		 	 	 user:jneubert/swib queries/swib institutions extended - wikidata 	 	 	 	 	user:jneubert/swib queries/swib institutions extended 	 		from wikidata 		< user:jneubert‎ | swib queries 		 		 		 		jump to navigation 		jump to search 		#defaultview:map # # swib participants' institutions, mapped to wikidata and enriched from there # prefix zbwext: <http://zbw.eu/namespaces/zbw-extensions/> # # from possibly multi-valued fields, use an arbitrary value select distinct ?item ?itemlabel (sample(?logo ) as ?logo) (sample(?img) as ?image) (sample(?pos) as ?coord) ?participants where { # institutions' items and count, verbatim values ( ?item ?count ) { ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( 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wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) ( wd:q ) } bind(concat(str(?count), ' participant', if(?count > , 's', '')) as ?participants) optional { ?item wdt:p ?img . } optional { ?item wdt:p ?logo . } optional { ?item wdt:p ?pos . } optional { ?item wdt:p /wdt:p ?pos . } optional { ?item wdt:p /wdt:p ?pos . } optional { ?item wdt:p /wdt:p ?pos . } # use the most precise position bind(coalesce(?pos , ?pos , ?pos , ?pos ) as ?pos) service wikibase:label { bd:serviceparam wikibase:language "en,[auto_language],de,fr,es". } } group by ?item ?itemlabel ?participants try it! retrieved from "https://www.wikidata.org/w/index.php?title=user:jneubert/swib_queries/swib_institutions_extended&oldid= " 		 	 	navigation menu 	 		 	 		personal tools 	 	 			english 	not logged in 	talk 	contributions 	create account 	log in 		 	 		 			 	 		namespaces 	 	 			user page 	discussion 		 	 			 	 	 		variants 	 	 		 		 	 		 		 			 	 		views 	 	 			read 	edit 	view history 		 	 			 	 	 		more 	 	 		 		 	 			 	 		search 	 	 		 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statement 		 	 	 aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc to prevent free, frictionless access to human knowledge, publishers want librarians to be afraid, very afraid | techdirt 	sign in 	register 	preferences techdirt 	techdirt 	greenhouse 	tech & covid 	free speech 	  	deals 	jobs 	support techdirt content moderation case study: moderating an anonymous social network ( ) clearview resurfaces to make some empty promises about keeping cops from abusing its tech to prevent free, frictionless access to human knowledge, publishers want librarians to be afraid, very afraid copyright from the because-security dept wed, nov th : pm — glyn moody after many years of fierce resistance to open access, academic publishers have largely embraced -- and extended -- the idea, ensuring that their - % profit margins live on. in the light of this subversion of the original hopes for open access, people have come up with other ways to provide free and frictionless access to knowledge -- most of which is paid for by taxpayers around the world. one is preprints, which are increasingly used by researchers to disseminate their results widely, without needing to worry about payment or gatekeepers. the other is through sites that have taken it upon themselves to offer immediate access to large numbers of academic papers -- so-called "shadow libraries". the most famous of these sites is sci-hub, created by alexandra elbakyan. at the time of writing, sci-hub claims to hold million papers. even academics with access to publications through their institutional subscriptions often prefer to use sci-hub, because it is so much simpler and quicker. in this respect, sci-hub stands as a constant reproach to academic publishers, emphasizing that their products aren't very good in terms of serving libraries, which are paying expensive subscriptions for access. not surprisingly, then, sci-hub has become enemy no. for academic publishers in general, and the leading company elsevier in particular. the german site netzpolitik has spotted the latest approach being taken by publishers to tackle this inconvenient and hugely successful rival, and other shadow libraries. at its heart lies the scholarly networks security initiative (snsi), which was founded by elsevier and other large publishers earlier this year. netzpolitik explains that the idea is to track and analyze every access to libraries, because "security": elsevier is campaigning for libraries to be upgraded with security technology. in a snsi webinar entitled "cybersecurity landscape -- protecting the scholarly infrastructure", hosted by two high-ranking elsevier managers, one speaker recommended that publishers develop their own proxy or a proxy plug-in for libraries to access more (usage) data ("develop or subsidize a low cost proxy or a plug-in to existing proxies"). with the help of an "analysis engine", not only could the location of access be better narrowed down, but biometric data (e.g. typing speed) or conspicuous usage patterns (e.g. a pharmacy student suddenly interested in astrophysics) could also be recorded. any doubts that this software could also be used -- if not primarily -- against shadow libraries were dispelled by the next speaker. an ex-fbi analyst and it security consultant spoke about the security risks associated with the use of sci-hub. since academic publishers can't compete against sci-hub on ease of use or convenience, they are trying the old "security risk" angle -- also used by traditional software companies against open source in the early days. yes, they say, sci-hub/open source may seem free and better, but think of the terrible security risks… an faq on the main snsi site provides an "explanation" of why sci-hub is supposedly a security risk: sci-hub may fall into the category of state-sponsored actors. it hosts stolen research papers which have been harvested from publisher platforms often using stolen user credentials. according to the washington post, the us justice department is currently investigating the founder of sci-hub, alexandra elbakayan, for links between her and russian intelligence. if there is substance to this investigation, then using sci-hub to access research papers could have much wider ramifications than just getting access to content that sits behind a paywall. as techdirt pointed out when that washington post article came out, there is no evidence of any connections between elbakyan and russian intelligence. indeed, it's hard not to see the investigation as simply the result of whining academic publishers making the same baseless accusation, and demanding that something be "done". an article in research information provides more details about what those "wider ramifications than just getting access to content that sits behind a paywall" might be: in the specific case of sci-hub, academic content (journal articles and books) is illegally harvested using a variety of methods, such as abusing legitimate log in credentials to access the secure computer networks of major universities and by hijacking "proxy" credentials of legitimate users that facilitate off campus remote access to university computer systems and databases. these actions result in a front door being opened up into universities' networks through which sci-hub, and potentially others, can gain access to other valuable institutional databases such as personnel and medical records, patent information, and grant details. but that's not how things work in this context. the credentials of legitimate users that sci-hub draws on -- often gladly "lent" by academics who believe papers should be made widely available -- are purely to access articles held on the system. they do not provide access to "other valuable institutional databases" -- and certainly not sensitive information such as "personnel and medical records" -- unless they are designed by complete idiots. that is pure scaremongering, while this further claim is just ridiculous: such activities threaten the scholarly communications ecosystem and the integrity of the academic record. sci-hub has no incentive to ensure the accuracy of the research articles being accessed, no incentive to ensure research meets ethical standards, and no incentive to retract or correct if issues arise. sci-hub simply provides free, frictionless access for everyone to existing articles from academic publishers. the articles are still as accurate and ethical as they were when they first appeared. to accuse sci-hub of "threatening" the scholarly communications ecosystem by providing universal access is absurd. it's also revealing of the traditional publishers' attitude to the uncontrolled dissemination of publicly-funded human knowledge, which is what they really fear and are attacking with the new snsi campaign. follow me @glynmoody on twitter, diaspora, or mastodon. thank you for reading this techdirt post. with so many things competing for everyone’s attention these days, we really appreciate you giving us your time. we work hard every day to put quality content out there for our community. techdirt is one of the few remaining truly independent media outlets. we do not have a giant corporation behind us, and we rely heavily on our community to support us, in an age when advertisers are increasingly uninterested in sponsoring small, independent sites — especially a site like ours that is unwilling to pull punches in its reporting and analysis. while other websites have resorted to paywalls, registration requirements, and increasingly annoying/intrusive advertising, we have always kept techdirt open and available to anyone. but in order to continue doing so, we need your support. we offer a variety of ways for our readers to support us, from direct donations to special subscriptions and cool merchandise — and every little bit helps. thank you. –the techdirt team filed under: academic research, libraries, open access, publishers, security companies: elsevier, sci-hub comments | leave a comment if you liked this post, you may also be interested in... 	benton study again shows how 'open access' broadband networks can drive competition, improve service 	good news: academics can make their articles published in top journal nature freely available as open access. bad news: they must pay $ , for each one 	facebook's threat to nyu researchers is a mistake, but it's the inevitable follow on to overreaction to cambridge analytica 	sci-hub downloads boost article citations -- and help academic publishers 	after taming open access, academic publishing giants now seek to assimilate the world of preprints reader comments subscribe: rss view by: thread 	 that one guy (profile), nov @ : pm 'won't someone think of our obscene profits?!' the only 'threat' sci-hub poses is to parasites who don't like that their insanely lucrative business as gatekeepers might be facing some competition by academics who are increasingly angry that their research is being locked up and paywalled rather than disseminated and shared, that kinda being the whole point of research as knowledge not shared is little different than knowledge never discovered or learned. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : pm ... and so it starts [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 jeroen hellingman (profile), nov @ : pm since copyright is a regulation to help publisher recoup their investments in producing a work, there is no need whatsoever to have a copyright at all on any work produced with public funds, as many of the scientific research articles are. the reward belongs to the public and is biggest when the article can be disseminated with as little friction as possible. there should be a ban on claiming copyright over any work that has been substantially financed by public means. what also will be needed is an infrastructure to validate the integrity of articles, if only to counter this type of scare-mongering. this could be as easy as having a digital signature of the author and reviewers over a properly canonicalized version of the paper. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 pault (profile), nov @ : am re: "since copyright is a regulation to help publisher recoup their investments in producing a work" well, the stated aim is to "promote the progress", which does not necessarily include profit although it so often does. copyright is something that also underpins things like open source to a degree, the chosen rules are just different to the standard one otherwise forced on everyone. "there should be a ban on claiming copyright over any work that has been substantially financed by public means." no argument there. if anything needs to change, it's the idea of "socialise the risk, privatise the rewards", upon which too much is based right now. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am re: re: i think copyright is to encourage the author to continue creating new works even many years after their death. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am re: re: re: that's what they say, but how many authors control the rights to the works they produced? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am re: re: re: re: woooosh? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 scary devil monastery (profile), nov @ : am re: "since copyright is a regulation to help publisher recoup their investments in producing a work..." that's actually not the case. at best you could describe copyright as a red flag act intended to bolster an ailing industry of middlemen feeling threatened by the ease of building a printing press. the us optional extra of article -"...to further progress of science and the arts..." has never been used for its intended purpose. copyright has always been, is today, and will remain nothing but a modern iteration of medieval church heresy law - intended to ensure everyone needs to go to a specified gatekeeper to obtain a copy of information because it's your head on the block if you transcribe a copy yourself. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: re: hey, "scary devil monastery": you are wackily prolix! copyright has always been, is today, and will remain nothing but a modern iteration of medieval church heresy law first, what? that's just silly. if makes sense to you, then are drunk or stoned. looks a lot like the excess syllables style of "bill jackson" and not coincidentally timothy geigner. it's utterly incredible that you all have medieval-ish techno-babble. you are astro-turfing. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 scary devil monastery (profile), nov @ : am re: re: re: hey, "scary devil monastery": you are wackily prolix "if makes sense to you, then are drunk or stoned." or unlike you i've actually read up on history. the catholic church remained in power for so long mainly because they held the view that the only people allowed to copy, read or interpret the bible were ordained priests. when someone other than a priest read the bible or copied it they usually found out that the bible didn't exactly say what the priests kept declaring. all of heresy law is essentially identical to copyright law. and this was what mary queen of scots copied when she introduced the precursor to modern copyright as a socio-religious censorship tool which queen anne then refurbished to serve private interests. "looks a lot like the excess syllables style of "bill jackson" and not coincidentally timothy geigner." you just keep insisting everyone who doesn't agree with you is mike masnick in disguise, asshat. meanwhile something i'm sure both you and geigner have in common is that you'll both have to hit google translate up for what "ta dig i dalen, virrpanna" means. "you are astro-turfing." i'm not the one who got caught using a dozen sock puppets. every accusation a confession, eh? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am re: re: re: re: hey, "scary devil monastery": you are wackily pr yes, we all know religion is a scam to live free and run things. latin needed scribes so people could read/write letters. the printing press wrecked that and new religions were created from pure bullshit as the new priests decided that to live for free was good. as for religion preserving knowledge - they perpetuated their own bs and when they ran out of paper(thin animal skin) they scraped off archimedes et all. thus a great deal of written history was eliminated to preserve their crap. (google palimpsest) in a similar way the era of academic printing is threatened by the internet. i am not making the wave, the wave is there, wide and deep and spontaneous. soon more and more governments will decree that publicly funded data must be open sourced. cut off the roots and the elsevier strangler tree will die. be better if all past publicly funded research is open sourced. if % is paid by the public then the whole thing is public [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bhull (profile), nov @ : pm re: re: re: hey, "scary devil monastery": you are wackily prolix i’ve been known to be rather prolix with my vocabulary as well. are you going to call me a sockpuppet too? also, you’re surprised to see “techno-babble” on a site called “techdirt”? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 pault (profile), nov @ : am re: re: re: re: hey, "scary devil monastery": you are wackily pr i'm sure he's shocked and confused by all sorts of factual information. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: no, "jeroen hellingman", copyright is a right. since copyright is a regulation to help publisher recoup their investments in producing a work, it may do that (especially if you narrow it to almost "for hire" as here), but the key point of copyright is protecting the individual's work which is more precious to some than mere money. and it's not a mere "regulation": it's in body of constitution specifying that one duty of gov't to protect for individuals an already existing right to control copies of their creations. period. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 paul, nov @ : am maybeses, couldbeses, perhapses. same old narrative of “what could, if it would” is as old as american tv news propaganda about wars in iraq, syria, lybia... theoretical hypothetical bullcrap [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am to accuse sci-hub of "threatening" the scholarly communications ecosystem by providing universal access is absurd. it is more than absurd, as it is the academic publishers that most threaten scholarly communication by making it too expensive. besides which an attack on sci-hub is an attack on the scholarly community, who are it prime supporter and users. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am microkerning as you know, kerning is the process whereby letters are aligned on the page to increase readibility. google for more. there is the related process that is often used to create unique document signatures on diplomatic and other sensitive documents. this i have called 'microkerning - the addition of added small fractional spaces scattered through the document so that each document is identifiably different. 'by this means every document downloaded from any repository (by the owners of the repository) can be identified as to source. that means if i use my subsription to get a paper and give it to sci-hub, it can be analyzed and tracked back to me and my institution - who is then punished in some way. i suspect the academic publishers are doing this. this can be eliminated by sci-hub running their donated papers through a 'dekerning; engine. this be something as simple as replacing the font with a standard width font and using a word processor to impose standard spacing rules. this can be automated for a lower burden on sci-hub. a similar process to strip off steganographic cues from pictures can also be used. the tradeoff in clarity is negligible. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am re: microkerning sci-hub could download the paper several times from different accounts and check whether they're identical (e.g. by hashing). of course, publishers could do tricky things like change the file every day and see which accounts accessed a file on a specific day. if they try hard enough, they might eventually track a lot of these papers back to... the papers' authors. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bobvious, nov @ : am the old "investigating my enemy" schtick so evil seer is using their patented scholarly tracking analysis spying initiative (stasi) to boost their claims of impropriety through the use of "the (insert three-letter-acronym here) department is currently investigating the (enemy of complainant) because of (complaint), lodged by (complainant)" because "if you throw enough mud". how very saruman of them. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 wshuff (profile), nov @ : am “sci-hub has no incentive to ensure the accuracy of the research articles being accessed, no incentive to ensure research meets ethical standards, and no incentive to retract or correct if issues arise.” oh, you mean like that time elsevier published fake journals? https://www.the-scientist.com/the-nutshell/elsevier-published- -fake-journals- [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 dny (profile), nov @ : am threats to ecosystems of course sci-hub and the like are threats to the scholarly communications ecosystem -- that ecosystem currently includes a robust species of parasite, known by the common name "commercial academic publishers", which could go extinct. the parasites evolved from a species known by the same common name which before the advent of latex and the internet had a symbiotic relation with academicians, organizing peer review, beautifully typesetting accepted works and distributing it to other academicians. as the latter two functions in the symbiosis became useless to the hosts with the new environmental conditions, the symbiotes became parasitic, with an increasingly voracious appetite for monopoly rents. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am parasite - yes, kill them and their eggs.... [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am copyright, and it's many extensions, as bought and paid for by the disney corporation. it was originally intended to protect against unauthorised copies to allow the author and his heirs to live on it for the term. now it has been extended to +++ years. the forced abrogation of all rights in an academic work to the journal publisher who then proceed to extract fees from the poor of the world and hold back science in many places as a consequence should be blocked and all publicly paid works should be open sourced when written. with modren hard drives there are copies of almost all papers now freely circulated to the poor countries. elseviers of the world try to litigate in most of these countries, so it carries on as a latter day 'sneaker net'. let them die, let the flies have their way - their day is done. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 code monkey (profile), nov @ : am waiting for the takedown patiently waiting on mike's followup article where sci-hub is sued by someone for dcma takedown action..... [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 brandon (profile), nov @ : am scihub is a problem i have no love for the conventional publishing economy controlled by massive publishers, but scihub isn't the right answer. scihub routes around those behemoths but doesn't fix the fundamental problem. preprints are only valuable, really, after the final article has passed peer review and been edited, because then the content that debuted in the preprint can be weighed using the published end-result. while publishers don't pay for peer review, and often don't pay for some of their editing, they do help organize everything and provide that network (to an extent). how this control is used to leverage massive profits is a big problem, but without that peer review and editing there's simply too much academic literature to process. this constant glut of literature is part of the publish or perish paradigm which needs to be eliminated at our universities. scihub would have little to no value without those reviewed and edited final works. the question then becomes how do we make scientific research accessible equitably and still provide a healthy and robust peer review process and the necessary editing and publishing required to reach readers? what we have now is clearly a big problem, but scihub isn't the solution. what we need is something else. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am re: scihub is a problem do you realize that the peer review is done by the same academics that publish in journals? in a world with the internet, why has academia not moved to a system where librarians and administrators manage the peer review process, and mark papers in their systems when it is accepted by the reviewers, and if it is retracted, along with a distributed search engine for finding papers? they have the systems, and expertise to do the cataloguing in their own libraries. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: scihub is a problem -- says the zombie! one huge gap after two comments the day it began: brandon or spenoza: (< . ), eight and half year gap; may rd, https://www.techdirt.com/user/marurun [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: re: scihub is a problem -- says the zombie! crawling out on slow day as all bite nails over the election, are yet more zombies! with the characteristic name change ang long gaps. this one has over six years of gaps: peter or peter voveris: ( . ), mo gap; mo gap; mar th, https://www.techdirt.com/user/pvoveris [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: re: scihub is a problem -- says the zombie! then "bill jackson" out with several today, though skipped , two in , and one long gap: ( ), mo gap; jul https://www.techdirt.com/user/aurizon bill is a foreigner, states: "here in canada", but keen on us of a problems -- and on helping out techdirt on a slow day. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bhull (profile), nov @ : pm re: re: re: scihub is a problem -- says the zombie! a good portion of the people who comment regularly here aren’t from america, either. also, this site comments fairly often on places like australia, europe, new zealand, and china. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 scary devil monastery (profile), nov @ : am re: scihub is a problem "he question then becomes how do we make scientific research accessible equitably and still provide a healthy and robust peer review process and the necessary editing and publishing required to reach readers?" that's not a serious question, i hope? elsevier - major gatekeepers in general - are a very new phenomenon in that regard. it's actually part of the academic credit ladder that you are, as the holder of a prestigious academic title, expected to peer review a number of publications. and you do this, of course, because you know damn well both that being bottlenecked yourself by no one reviewing your publication is the end of your career and it is decidedly in your own best interests to peer review anything written by other skilled people in the field you yourself hope to excel in. so yea, elsevier does indeed field the largely irrelevant argument that they "help" with peer reviews. and that is as flat out as deceptive as some random bum doing a rain dance around a car wash claiming participation money from the guy actually cleaning your car. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 dny (profile), nov @ : pm re: scihub is a problem two examples from mathematics show there is no need for commercial publishers collecting monopoly rents to organize peer review: theory and applications of categories is the preeminent journal in category theory. it is free to publish in, free to download content from, and peer-reviewed by the same sort of volunteer editors and labor used by commercial publishers. also operating on the same model is algebraic and geometric topology, the original editorial board of which had been the editorial board of one of the preeminent topology journals, topology until they resigned en masse over the predatory practices of it new owners, elsevier. every academic discipline and subdiscipline could have journals of this sort simply by the university employing a notable figure in the field agreeing to provide server space. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am sci-hub is the solution -especially as it forces a review of the process. i can see the reviewers being paid the elsevier 'tax', we now pay a lot more to support their bloated edifice.. it is true, review is needed viz;- the huge rise of fake/trash papers. i often suspect elsevier feeds the trash maw to cite it in their defence. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm re: sci-hub is the solution -especially as it bloated edifice.. nobody normal uses words this way. it's geigner as usual. it is true, review is needed viz;- the huge rise of fake/trash papers. "fake" says the astro-turfing zombie. i often suspect elsevier feeds the trash maw to cite it in their defence. "trash maw" -- again, word combination that may be unique in all the world! google for it, see how often it's used. no one but timothy geigner writes with this excess. and there's yet more unique in every "bill jackson" comment. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bhull (profile), nov @ : pm re: re: sci-hub is the solution -especially as it i’ve heard plenty of people use phrases like those. not that it’s common, but as an indicator of authorship, it’s severely lacking. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am of course, slow and on an unpaid basis. there needs to be an improved review pathway - possibly the librarians as well as the same reviewers on a paid basis. the huge body of past work needs to be open sourced so it can be freely accessed without undue cost. it is now in libraries of past printed journals that are indexed - but it is cumbersome. it needs to be open and online. i am open to how far back the old papers need to be scanned and onlined, but the old broken era ofthe elseviers of the world needs to draw to a close. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm "bill", you're sure prolix today! why? on such dull topics with hardly anyone else comment, why do you suddenly pop out and spew repeatedly? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bhull (profile), nov @ : pm re: "bill", you're sure prolix today! why? because he cares about publications of scientific papers? and he has more free time now, possibly because of the pandemic? seriously, what’s your deal? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : am bad assumption the assumption that being smart and/or educated makes it more likely for a system to be designed securely is probably a fallacy... unless they are designed by complete idiots well, i certainly don't hold a high opinion on the current state of higher education in the usa, but i'm not sure i'm ready to call them complete idiots... anyways, one does not need to be a complete idiot to design something horribly and manage to unnecessarily expose private info that isn't even used! [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : am academe was so decoupled - all they did was request papers, and they had no idea of the corrupt system behind the scenes. it was only the revolt of many universities at the naked cash grab by the elseviers, who own these walled gardens, who make margins of ~~ % after paying taxes and huge executive salaries that prompted this revolution among the poor when they demaned further increases in journal fees. like a parasite without regards to the host, it has reached the point of the death of the host. look at all the colleges in india, bangladesh etc., who would be beggared - were it not for sci-hub... [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm techdirt is astro-turfing to look as though has activity. no one has any other explanation. given that inescapable conclusion, the anonymous ones and repeated names are more than suspect too. the style of these jumps out when suspect: unique unnecessary combinations of words, a pseudo-medieval techno-babble, way too many syllables that lose the point. just as timothy geigner can't help doing. ya really ought to purge old accounts, maz, at least those inactive for over six years! even if genuine, make ya look like what ya are: phony. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 scary devil monastery (profile), nov @ : am re: techdirt is astro-turfing to look as though has activity. "the style of these jumps out when suspect: unique unnecessary combinations of words, a pseudo-medieval techno-babble, way too many syllables that lose the point. just as timothy geigner can't help doing." i think you'll find that anyone with an actual education tends to use proper words and nuance. we can't all be uneducated trailer trash, baghdad bob. but hey, i guess that's the usual complaint from your type when it comes to academics? we all use "dem big book-learnt words"? [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 this comment has been flagged by the community. click here to show it spot light, nov @ : pm phew. tired after pointing up the astro-turfing. now to topic. elsevier has every right to control copies and get paid for the librarying. techdirt is claiming a public good, but who would pay for the librarying if not in the current system? want that explicitly on the public taxes too? so that it can become another fat gov't bureaucracy? or should it be left to private sector? sci-hub already has tens of millions in judgments against it, because its "business model" is to simply steal the valuable products without paying a cent for the actual work of librarying. by the way, who pays for sci-hub to operate? bandwidth isn't quite free. so who pays that? it's a key point, and techdirt never bothers to mention. if the owner can ever be found in us jurisdiction, she'll be hounded for the money, and should be, for rest of her life. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 stephen t. stone (profile), nov @ : pm techdirt is claiming a public good, but who would pay for the librarying if not in the current system? want that explicitly on the public taxes too? so long as it coincides with raised taxes on major corporations and the ultra-wealthy? sure, i don’t see how that’d be a problem. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 anonymous coward, nov @ : pm re: sure, i don’t see how that’d be a problem. and that, in a nutshell, is blue's problem... [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 pault (profile), nov @ : pm re: phew. tired after pointing up the astro-turfing. now to topi "want that explicitly on the public taxes too?" why not? half the stuff there was already paid for by the public, and the benefit of a public library system has already been recognised for many decades for non-scientific literature. the public benefit of this kind of funding is immeasurable, and trivial compared to your country's expensive obsession with murdering people. "by the way, who pays for sci-hub to operate?" a cursory google search would tell you it's mainly user donations. many useful services are funded this way. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 scary devil monastery (profile), nov @ : am re: phew. tired after pointing up the astro-turfing. now to topi "elsevier has every right to control copies and get paid for the librarying. " so, in your logic if someone comes to your house, takes what you paid for and own, then put it in a stand, sorted, it's now theirs? "...who would pay for the librarying if not in the current system?" the same ones who did for the hundreds of years when a greedy intermediate gatekeeper like elsevier didn't exist? like asking why anyone would learn to spell if computers didn't exist. you're a fucking embarrassment, baghdad bob. "sci-hub already has tens of millions in judgments against it, because its "business model" is to simply steal the valuable products without paying a cent for the actual work of librarying." except those products were paid for by public money and so belongs to the public...to which sci-hub then makes it available. by your logic if you walk into a public library and write a new index, you own the books? "by the way, who pays for sci-hub to operate? bandwidth isn't quite free. so who pays that? it's a key point, and techdirt never bothers to mention." sci-hub is an openly audited non-profit operation which lives on publicly accountable donations. that answer was all of one google query away but i guess we can always trust you to concoct a malicious conspiracy before even looking. "if the owner can ever be found in us jurisdiction, she'll be hounded for the money, and should be, for rest of her life." ah, the typical malicious bullshit we're so used to from you. no, that owner is giving back to the public what the public paid for and elsevier stole. but hey, i don't think anyone is surprised by now to realize that you're motivated entirely by the idea of someone, anyone, being hurt without reason. [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] 	 bill jackson (profile), nov @ : pm lol, if it were true to it's origin... now it has been bastardised to serve elsevier et al, with little to nothing to the originators... [ reply to this | link to this | view in chronology ] add your comment have a techdirt account? sign in now. want one? register here subscribe to the techdirt daily newsletter this is for spambots, do not use this comment options: 	 use markdown. use plain text. 	remember name/email/url (set a cookie) close add a reply have a techdirt account? sign in now. want one? register here subscribe to the techdirt daily newsletter this is for spambots, do not use this comment options: 	 use markdown. use plain text. 	remember name/email/url (set a cookie) content moderation case study: moderating an anonymous social network ( ) clearview resurfaces to make some empty promises about keeping cops from abusing its tech follow techdirt techdirt daily newsletter special affiliate offer essential reading new to techdirt? explore some core concepts: 	the grand unified theory on the economics of free 	an economic explanation for why drm cannot open up new business model opportunities 	if intellectual 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integration to zotero, bringing to google docs the same powerful citation functionality — with support for over , citation styles — that zotero offers in word and libreoffice. today we’re adding a feature that lets you move documents between google docs and word or libreoffice while preserving active zotero citations. you can now begin writing a document collaboratively in google docs and move it to word or libreoffice for final editing, or vice versa. when you use this feature, zotero will convert the citations and bibliography to a temporary format that can be transferred safely between word processors. we’ve added instructions for specific word processors, but the basic process is the same: 	choose “switch to a different word processor…” from the plugin’s document preferences window. 	save the converted file. 	open the file in the other word processor. 	click refresh to continue using it. in google docs, you can also choose “switch word processors…” from the zotero menu. while the process should be entirely reversible, we recommend performing the conversion in a copy of the file. while this conversion process is required to move active citations in and out of google docs, you can also use it to move documents between word and libreoffice without some of the problems inherent in bookmarks mode. you can start using this feature today in zotero . . and zotero connector . . . retracted item notifications with retraction watch integration posted june th, by dan stillman zotero can now help you avoid relying on retracted publications in your research by automatically checking your database and documents for works that have been retracted. we’re providing this service in partnership with retraction watch, which maintains the largest database of retractions available, and we’re proud to help sustain their important work. how it works retracted publications are flagged in the items list, and if you click on one you’ll see a warning at the top of the item pane with details on the retraction and links to additional information. if you try to cite a retracted item using the word processor plugin, zotero will warn you and confirm that you still want to cite it. if you’ve already added a citation to a document and it later is retracted, zotero will warn you the next time you update the document’s citations, even if the item no longer exists in your zotero library or was added by a co-author. currently, this feature is limited to items with a doi or pmid (entered in the doi field or in extra as “doi:”, “pmid:”, or “pubmed id:”), which covers about / of retraction watch data, but we’re hoping to support items without identifiers as best as possible in a future update. designed for privacy the full retraction data is stored on zotero servers, but we’ve designed this feature in a way that allows the zotero client to check for retracted items without sharing the contents of your library. you don’t need to use zotero syncing or upload a list of items to benefit from this feature. for each item in your library, zotero calculates a non-unique identifier that could map to hundreds or thousands of publications, and then compares those to a list of similar partial identifiers of retracted publications that it retrieves from zotero servers. for each potential match, it requests the full details of all possible retractions, and then checks for local items matching any of those full identifiers and flags any that it finds. the zotero servers have no way of knowing whether you have the retracted work in your library or one of hundreds or thousands of others. (a similar approach is used by some tools to check for compromised passwords without sharing the passwords they’re checking with the server.) and, as with our other services, we’re not logging the contents of even these anonymized lookups. this feature is available today in zotero . . . scan books into zotero from your iphone or ipad posted november th, by dan stillman zotero makes it easy to collect research materials with a single click as you browse the web, but what do you do when you want to add a real, physical book to your zotero library? if you have an iphone or ipad running ios , you can now save a book to zotero just by scanning its barcode: your browser doesn’t support html video in webm with vp or mp with h. . this feature takes advantage of the new shortcuts functionality in ios , which can chain together series of actions to perform tasks. to get started, you’ll first need to install apple’s shortcuts app, if you don’t yet have it on your iphone or ipad. next, install the scan book to zotero shortcut by tapping on the link below from your iphone or ipad and selecting open in “shortcuts”: download shortcut update, october : in ios , you need to enable “allow untrusted shortcuts” in settings to install shortcuts from outside the shortcuts app gallery. as of ios . . , it may be necessary to first download another shortcut from the gallery before the option appears in settings. after the shortcut opens, tap done to close it, and then tap on the “scan book to zotero” rectangle. the first time you run it, you’ll need to select “run shortcut” and grant the shortcut access to the camera, and you’ll need to log into the zotero website before you can save. (if you haven’t yet set up syncing with zotero on your computer, you’ll want to do that as well so that items you save will sync to zotero on your computer.) whenever you want to scan a book into zotero, you can trigger the shortcut in a number of different ways: 	you can open the shortcuts app and select scan book to zotero. 	you can swipe right from the lock screen or home screen to open the today view and select scan book to zotero in the shortcuts widget. if the shortcuts widget doesn’t appear or doesn’t appear where you want it, you can add or move it via the edit button at the bottom. 	if you have an iphone that supports d touch, you can hard-press on the shortcuts app icon and select scan book to zotero from the widget popup. 	you can say something like “hey siri, add this book to zotero”. (maybe don’t use this one in the library.) to set a phrase for siri, open the shortcuts app, tap the three dots in the scan book to zotero rectangle, tap the settings icon in the top right, and then tap add to siri and assign a phrase. in our testing, we found siri support to still be a bit buggy in the current version of shortcuts, so if siri doesn’t recognize your phrase, try editing the shortcut and re-recording the phrase or wait for an update from apple. happy scanning! p.s. if you don’t use an iphone or ipad, or you can’t upgrade to ios , you can still save a book from your phone when you’re away from your computer by entering the isbn manually. simply bookmark this page and load it whenever you need to add a physical book. zotero comes to google docs posted october th, by dan stillman we’re excited to announce the availability of zotero integration with google docs, joining zotero’s existing support for microsoft word and libreoffice. the same powerful functionality that zotero has long offered for traditional word processors is now available for google docs. you can quickly search for items in your zotero library, add page numbers and other details, and insert citations. when you’re done, a single click inserts a formatted bibliography based on the citations in your document. zotero supports complex style requirements such as ibid. and name disambiguation, and it keeps your citations and bibliography updated as you make changes to items in your library. if you need to switch citation styles, you can easily reformat your entire document in any of the over , citation styles that zotero supports. google docs support is part of the zotero connector for chrome and firefox, which adds a new zotero menu to the google docs interface: it also adds a toolbar button for one-click citing: when you start using zotero in a document, you’ll first need to authenticate it with your google account. you can then begin inserting citations from the zotero libraries on your computer, just as you can with word and libreoffice. once you’ve finished your document and are ready to submit it, use file → “make a copy…” and, in the new document, use zotero → “unlink citations” to convert the citations and bibliography to plain text. you can then download that second document as a pdf or other type of file, while keeping active citations in the original document in case you need to make further changes. zotero will prompt you to create a copy if you try to download your original document. built for collaboration zotero and google docs are a perfect combination for people writing together. zotero groups are a great way to collect and manage materials for a shared project, and google docs integration allows you and your coauthors to insert and edit citations in a shared document. groups are free and can contain an unlimited number of members, so you can collaborate with as many people as you like. while citing from the same library allows everyone to make changes to items in zotero and have them reflected in the document, if you don’t want to work from a group, that’s fine too: zotero can generate correct citations and bibliography entries even for items people add from their own libraries. get started ready to try it out? open a document in google docs and look for the zotero menu. if you don’t see it, make sure you have zotero connector . . for chrome or firefox. see our documentation to learn more about using zotero with google docs. if you run into any trouble, let us know in the zotero forums. « previous entries archives 	july 	june 	november 	october 	may 	march 	november 	july 	april 	march 	september 	june 	may 	april 	october 	may 	april 	november 	september 	april 	january 	september 	august 	july 	june 	april 	march 	february 	january 	october 	september 	august 	may 	april 	march 	january 	december 	october 	june 	may 	april 	march 	february 	january 	december 	november 	october 	september 	august 	july 	june 	may 	april 	march 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uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc #vtditc vol : the hour challenge ( - - ) - youtube aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc the internet archive's policies on archival integrity and removal the oakland archive policy   recommendations for managing removal requests and preserving archival integrity school of information management and systems, u.c. berkeley december - ,   introduction   online archives and digital libraries collect and preserve publicly available internet documents for the future use of historians, researchers, scholars, and the general public. these archives and digital libraries strive to operate as trusted repositories for these materials, and work to make their collections as comprehensive as possible.    at times, however, authors and publishers may request that their documents not be included in publicly available archives or web collections.  to comply with such requests, archivists may restrict access to or remove that portion of their collections with or without notice as outlined below.   because issues of integrity and removal are complex, and archivists generally wish to respond in a transparent manner, these policy recommendations have been developed with help and advice of representatives of the electronic frontier foundation, chilling effects, the council on library and information resources, the berkeley boalt school of law, and various other commercial and non-commercial organizations through a meeting held by the archive policy special interest group (sig), an ad hoc, informal group of persons interested the practice of digital archiving.   in addition, these guidelines have been informed by the american library association's library bill of rights http://www.ala.org/work/freedom/lbr.html, the society of american archivists code of ethics http://www.archivists.org/governance/handbook/app_ethics.asp, the international federation of library association's internet manifesto http://www.unesco.org/webworld/news/ /ifla_manifesto.rtf, as well as applicable law.        recommended policy for managing removal requests   historically, removal requests fall into one of the following five categories.  archivists who wish to adopt this policy will respond according to the following guidelines:     	 type of removal request 	 response 	 request by a webmaster of a private (non-governmental) web site, typically for reasons of privacy, defamation, or embarrassment. 	 . archivists should provide a 'self-service' approach site owners can use to remove their materials based on the use of the robots.txt standard.  .  requesters may be asked to substantiate their claim of ownership by changing or adding a robots.txt file on their site. .  this allows archivists to ensure that material will no longer be gathered or made available. .  these requests will not be made public; however, archivists should retain copies of all removal requests.   	 third party removal requests based on the digital millennium copyright act of (dmca).  	 .  archivists should attempt to verify the validity of the claim by checking whether the original pages have been taken down, and if appropriate, requesting the ruling(s) regarding the original site.  .  if the claim appears valid, archivists should comply.  .  archivists will strive to make dmca requests public via chilling effects, and notify searchers when requested pages have been removed.  .  archivists will notify the webmaster of the affected site, generally via email.   	 third party removal requests based on non-dmca intellectual property claims (including trademark, trade secret). 	 .  archivists will attempt to verify the validity of the claim by checking whether the original pages have been taken down, and if appropriate, requesting the ruling(s) regarding the original site.  .  if the original pages have been removed and the archivist has determined that removal from public servers is appropriate, then the archivists will remove the pages from their public servers.  .  archivists will strive to make these requests public via chilling effects, and notify searchers when requested pages have been removed. .  archivists will notify the webmaster of the affected site, generally via email   	 third party removal requests based on objection to controversial content (e.g. political, religious, and other beliefs).  	 as noted in the library bill of rights, ' libraries should provide materials and information presenting all points of view on current and historical issues. materials should not be proscribed or removed because of partisan or doctrinal disapproval.'    therefore, archivists should not generally act on these requests.  	 third party removal requests based on objection to disclosure of personal data provided in confidence. 	 occasionally, data disclosed in confidence by one party to another may eventually be made public by a third party.  for example, medical information provided in confidence is occasionally made public when insurance companies or medical practices shut down.    these requests are generally treated as requests by authors or publishers of original data.   	 requests by governments.  	 archivists will exercise best-efforts compliance with applicable court orders   beyond that, as noted in the library bill of rights, 'libraries should challenge censorship in the fulfillment of their responsibility to provide information and enlightenment.'   	 other requests and grievances, including underlying rights issues, error correction and version control, and re-insertions of web sites based on change of ownership. 	 these are handled on a case by case basis by the archive and its advisors.         addendum: an example implementation of robots.txt-based removal policy at the internet archive   to remove a site from the wayback machine, place a robots.txt file at the top level of your site (e.g. www.yourdomain.com/robots.txt) and then submit your site below. the robots.txt file will do two things:       .   it will remove all documents from your domain from the wayback machine.       .   it will tell the internet archive's crawler not to crawl your site in the future. to exclude the internet archive's crawler (and remove documents from the wayback machine) while allowing all other robots to crawl your site, your robots.txt file should say:                        user-agent: ia_archiver                        disallow: / robots.txt is the most widely used method for controlling the behavior of automated robots on your site (all major robots, including those of google, alta vista, etc. respect these exclusions). it can be used to block access to the whole domain, or any file or directory within. there are a large number of resources for webmasters and site owners describing this method and how to use it.  here are a few:        o    http://www.global-positioning.com/robots_text_file/index.html        o    http://www.webtoolcentral.com/webmaster/tools/robots_txt_file_generator        o    http://pageresource.com/zine/robotstxt.htm once you have put a robots.txt file up, submit your site (www.yourdomain.com) on the form on http://pages.alexa.com/help/webmasters/index.html#crawl_site. the robots.txt file must be placed at the root of your domain (www.yourdomain.com/robots.txt). if you cannot put a robots.txt file up, submit a request to wayback @archive.org. for further information, please contact jeff - at - archive - dot - org. #vtditc vol : beat battle & music production workshop featuring beatsbyjblack - youtube aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information - insight insightsubscribe 	about 	archive 	help 	sign in the pandemic heroes who gave us the gift of time and gift of information as safe and effective vaccines make news, let's remember the heroism of china's scientists and medical workers 	 	zeynep 	nov 	 sign up to like post subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice 	 	share there is excellent news today on the vaccine front. to appreciate how we got here, especially how we got here so fast, we should take a moment to recognize the crucial early role played by chinese scientists and healthcare workers who gave us a uniquely precious gift—time and information—at great risk to themselves. let’s step back. early on during the pandemic, people were predicting that it would take as long as months to develop vaccines, and some thought that was hopeful. people were hoping for a vaccine that would be - % effective. we’ve blown past all of those expectations. today, just ten months after a pandemic was declared, moderna, a company specializing in mrna technology, is applying to the us food and drug administration for an emergency authorization of its vaccine, presenting stunning data. the moderna trial enrolled , participants in the united states. there were infections across the group, with in the placebo group and just in the vaccine group. the level of efficacy, around %, is better than most everything many hoped for in february.  plus, remarkably, every single one of the severe cases of infection were in the placebo group. not a single person given the vaccine got a severe infection, which promises % efficacy against severe disease. that is remarkable. there appear to be no huge safety concerns, either—patients suffered mostly fever and fatigue for about a day. plus, we have reason to think that the safety profile will hold since these vaccines are likely to be safe exactly because of the novel technology they use, messenger rna, which does not pose an infection risk.  the crucial story in this rate of success and speed is that these are new kinds of vaccines. this will be the first time that a technology that uses messenger rna—messenger ribonucleic acid—has been used at this scale for a vaccine. pfizer/biontech is reporting similar success and efficiency in its trials and that vaccine is also an mrna one—in effect, a replication—and it is similarly ahead of the pack. as this explainer from chemical & engineering news puts it, and as many of us learned in biology classes, with a vaccine, we are aiming to show the body what the threat looks like, so the immune system can learn how to fight it: although vaccines have evolved over the past century, their goal has remained the same: trick the body into thinking it is infected with a virus, give the immune system time to safely study the decoy, and when the real deal strikes, hope that your immune cells took good notes. for many years, scientists used dead or weakened viruses for the job, grown in chicken eggs. some vaccine makers have shifted to using vats of genetically engineered cells to produce particular viral proteins; this approach helps the immune system study the most important part of the virus. while they also work well, traditional vaccines can require “the laborious production of actual viruses or viral proteins,” whereas the gene-based vaccines can be designed quickly from the genetic sequence. with such vaccines, all that is encoded is a particular viral protein—in this case, the spike protein of sars-cov- , which acts like a key to our cells. the mrna vaccine temporarily instructs our cells to make just the spike protein, which cannot infect us (it’s not the whole virus! hence the safety advantage!) but offers our immune systems “target practice.” and then it all goes away, leaving us with much better protection. graphic from nature, october , and, amazingly, these vaccines can be designed very quickly—they just need the genetic sequence. moderna’s vaccine was apparently designed in just a few days, over a weekend, after the genetic sequence became available on january th, .  here’s why that date matters: the sequence was published ten days before china acknowledged the severity of the problem by admitting sustained human-to-human transmission and shutting down the city of wuhan, on january th. the sequence was published while china—and the who, which depended on china for information—were still downplaying what was going on, in their official statements. the sequence wasn’t published in an official document. instead, it was published independently in an open-source depository by yong-zhen zhang, a professor at the shanghai public health clinical center and school of public health. zhang had received the virus from wuhan on january rd, around : p.m., when a metal box continuing a test tube packed in dry ice arrived at his office. the researchers in his team worked feverishly to sequence it over the next two days. just about hours later, on january th at a.m., his team was done. zhang immediately realized the danger the pathogen posed. as he put it in a later interview with time magazine: “i realized that this virus is closely related to sars, probably %. so certainly, it was very dangerous.” he shared the genome with members of his consortium, which included australian scientist eddie holmes. on the morning of january th (in china), holmes called zhang as he was about to take off for a trip to beijing for another meeting concerning the outbreak at wuhan. holmes called and asked zhang for permission to release the genome to the world.  here’s what happened next:  “i asked eddie to give me one minute to think,’” zhang recalls. “then i said ok.” for the next two hours, zhang was cocooned from the world at , feet, but holmes’ post on the website virological.org sent shockwaves through the global scientific community. holmes sent out a tweet. eddie holmes @edwardcholmes all, an initial genome sequence of the coronavirus associated with the wuhan outbreak is now available at virological.org here: novel coronavirus genome th january this posting is communicated by edward c. holmes, university of sydney on behalf of the consortium led by professor yong-zhen zhang, fudan university, shanghai the shanghai public health clinical center & school of public health, in collaboration with the central hospital of wuh…virological.orgjanuary th retweets likes so it began. scientists around the world got to work immediately, to develop tests, to start the race for the vaccine and to better understand this pathogen that would consume our lives. the very next day, researchers began pointing out that the pathogen was clearly related to sars, which meant it posed an enormous danger. it could potentially become a pandemic.  by the start of the next week, just two days later, the first vaccines were already designed, including the one by moderna that millions of health-care workers and other high-risk people will start receiving in a few weeks. it may have taken him a single minute for zhang to decide, but his bravery was real. this was just days after whistleblowers in wuhan who had attempted to warn others had been detained by the police. the punishment of these doctors for “rumor-mongering” was broadcast on national tv. tragically, one of the most prominent whistleblowers, dr. li wenliang, would die of the virus, just a month later (his son was born this summer to his widow). it was a time of silence, not of speaking out. between january th and january th, the wuhan government would not update the number of infected people. it would be another days before the dam broke and president xi jinping made his first public statement, saying “the virus must be taken seriously.” sadly, the hammer did come down fast. zhang’s lab was immediately shut down for “rectification”—an obscure term to imply some “malfeasance,” as the south china morning post explains. to many observers, it seemed that furious officials scrambling to snuff out evidence of the outbreak were punishing zhang simply for sharing the sars-cov- genome—and in the meanwhile, slowing down the release of this key information. at the end of february, the south china morning post was reporting that zhang’s lab was still shut down. things did improve, though. dr. zhang continues to carry out important work—and has been recognized with awards.  professor zhang's efforts in sharing the first sars-cov- genome has already been acknowledged around the world, with time magazine recognizing him as a "saving grace" and naming him as one of the most influential people of . stating that: "the zhang team's unprecedented speed in sharing data envisions what is possible with a collaborative, connected public-health collective." professor loman further highlighted the need for sequence data as the only means to get started on truly managing a viral outbreak, saying: "whilst the generation of a new viral sequence is a technical accomplishment in itself, much more important is the speed of sharing: until this happens the global scientific community cannot get started on a response. the process of designing diagnostic pcr assays and sequencing protocols are critically contingent on that first genome sequence." professor coin further pointed to how essential having a viral sequence available is to the medical profession, noting: "early availability of the genome sequence also enabled researchers to start developing vaccines and antiviral therapies even before the virus could be grown in sufficient quantities in cell culture for it to be studied directly." the availability of this data within weeks of the first identified covid- patient undoubtedly saved many lives and will be highlighted for many years to come as the perfect example of why we can see further by standing on the shoulders of giants. the gigascience prize was an acknowledgement for all of prof zhang and his groups efforts and will likely be one of many recognitions to come. and in interviews since, zhang, who still works in china, downplays his role and his bravery.  still, as the good news from these vaccines rolls in, we should remember and celebrate the gift dr. zhang and his team gave us, perhaps the most important ones for fighting a pandemic: the gift of time and gift of information. dr. zhang acted without being incentivized by the huge amounts of money that the companies will receive—moderna’s stock has increased almost percent already—and he faced down potentially catastrophic consequences for himself and his lab.  for many years, we will be analyzing the failure of many governments and our institutions in their responses to this pandemic. but the successes are real, too. more than anything, we should also remember those who bravely stepped up when it counted: the healthcare workers and the researchers around the world—starting with professor yong-zhen zhang and doctor li wenliang of china. . 	 sign up to like post subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice 	 	share subscribe ← previousnext → create your profile set photo sign up for the newsletter save & post comment only paying subscribers can comment on this post subscribe already a paying subscriber? sign in check your email for your security, we need to re-authenticate you. click the link we sent to , or click here to log in. 	 	juliennov liked by zeynep it's a very important story to tell, and i didn't know of it. thank you. sign up to like comment subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice reply 	 	ernie chowdec liked by zeynep thank you for telling this story sign up to like comment subscribe loginprivacytermsinformation collection notice reply more comments… topnewcommunitywhat is insight?about ready for more? subscribe © zeynep tufekci. see privacy, terms and information collection notice publish on substack this site requires javascript to run correctly. please turn on javascript or unblock scripts #vtditc vol : hip hop & liberation ( - - ) - youtube aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc hip hop @ vt mural timelapse - - - - youtube aboutpresscopyrightcontact uscreatorsadvertisedeveloperstermsprivacypolicy & safetyhow youtube workstest new features© google llc liber open science roadmap | zenodo toggle navigation 	upload 	communities log in sign up july , report open access liber open science roadmap ayris, paul; bernal, isabel; cavalli, valentino; dorch, bertil; frey, jeannette; hallik, martin; hormia-poutanen, kristiina; labastida, ignasi; maccoll, john; ponsati obiols, agnès; sacchi, simone; scholze, frank; schmidt, birgit; smit, anja; sofronijevic, adam; stojanovski, jadranka; svoboda, martin; tsakonas, giannis; van otegem, matthijs; verheusen, astrid; vilks, andris; widmark, wilhelm; horstmann, wolfram editor(s) grant, friedel other(s) kuchma, iryna embracing open science is critical if we are to make science more collaborative, reproducible, transparent and impactful. open science undoubtedly has the power to 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(denis farrell/ap) opinion by karen attiah karen attiah global opinions editor, writing on international affairs and social issues email biofollowglobal opinions editor september , at : p.m. utc after the novel coronavirus first appeared in africa in late february, ghana’s government decided it would take no chances. ghanaian citizens were soon put under lockdown, and travel between major cities was banned. then president nana akufo-addo announced the closure of the country’s land and sea borders. support our journalism. subscribe today. at the time, my dad was in ghana visiting family, and he faced the prospect of being stuck until commercial flights resumed. as experts predicted how the pandemic would be a unique and devastating disaster in africa, my siblings and i scrambled to get my father a spot on a state department repatriation flight for u.s. citizens. we rushed to get him out because we thought he would be better off in the united states. but after he got back to texas, the number of cases there started to rise, and i joked with him that he would have been safer in ghana. “ghana is doing much better with this than america,” he had said after i picked him up from the airport, amused that i sprayed down the entire car with disinfectant before making him sit in the back seat, away from me. full coverage of the coronavirus pandemic news reports and opinion articles have posited that corruption and a lack of health-care infrastructure meant that africa was a “time bomb” waiting to explode. rampant poverty and a lack of effective governance would cause the dark continent to fall apart under the weight of a public health emergency. the world, the experts said, should prepare to offer aid, loans and debt forgiveness to african governments — in other words, they should prepare to save africa. no need. while so much about the virus and how it operates remains unclear, sub-saharan africa so far has dodged a deadly wave of coronavirus cases. many factors have contributed to this. a number of west african nations already had a pandemic response infrastructure in place from the ebola outbreak of late to . just six years ago, liberia lost nearly , people to ebola. at the beginning of this year, liberia began screening for covid- at airports. travelers coming in from countries with more than cases were quarantined. to date, liberia, a country of some million, has , cases and around deaths. after the ebola pandemic, senegal set up an emergency operations center to manage public health crises. some covid- test results come back in hours, and the country employs aggressive contact tracing. every coronavirus patient is given a bed in hospital or other health-care facility. senegal has a population of million, but has only registered deaths. several countries have come up with innovations. rwanda, a country of million, also responded early and aggressively to the virus, using equipment and infrastructure that was in place to deal with hiv/aids. testing and treatment for the virus are free. rwanda has recorded only deaths. as the united states approaches , deaths, the west seems largely blind to africa’s successes. in recent weeks, headline writers seem to be doing their hardest to try to reconcile western stereotypes about africa with the reality of the low death rates on the continent. the bbc came under fire for a since-changed headline and a tweet that read “coronavirus in africa: could poverty explain mystery of low death rate?” the new york post published an article with the headline, “scientists can’t explain puzzling lack of coronavirus outbreaks in africa.” it’s almost as if they are disappointed that africans aren’t dying en masse and countries are not collapsing. while black americans have been disproportionately contracting covid- and dying, africa’s performance shows, as i quoted a kenyan anthropologist saying in may, “being a black person in this world doesn’t kill you, but being a black person in america clearly can.” this pandemic has coincided with a global movement challenging anti-black racism and white supremacy. this should have been a moment for media outlets to challenge corrosive narratives about africa and the idea that africans are not capable of effective policy-making. we could be learning from the experiences that africans and their governments have had with pandemics and viral diseases, including ebola and aids. instead, the media has largely ignored the policy successes out of africa. in doing so, western media is reinforcing colonial narratives of black inferiority and the inability of black nations to govern themselves at all, much less govern better than resource-rich white nations. we are interested in hearing about how the struggle to reopen amid the pandemic is affecting people's lives. please tell us yours. none of this is to say there have not been missteps and challenges on the continent. in countries such as kenya, police officers have used coronavirus restrictions as a cover to escalate police brutality against citizens — police killed people while enforcing curfew restrictions. misinformation has spread online, making things harder for health-care professionals. but overall, african countries have made great efforts to contain the coronavirus, and citizens so far have escaped the nightmare predictions. african lives have been saved thanks to the hard work of many dedicated health-care workers and the collective responsibility of communities. in this global pandemic, africa’s success stories matter more than ever. watch opinions videos: read more: michael gerson: coronavirus presents a crisis for africa. we have a duty to help. karen attiah: why chadwick boseman’s fight for african accents in ‘black panther’ was so important kinitra d. brooks: with ‘black is king,’ beyoncé has gone all in on black. and beyoncé doesn’t lose. nell irvin painter: why ‘white’ should be capitalized, too updated december , coronavirus: what you need to read the washington post is providing some coronavirus coverage free, including: coronavirus maps: cases and deaths in the u.s. | cases and deaths worldwide vaccine tracker: see how many doses will be available in your state what you need to know: what you need to know about the vaccines | tracking vaccine doses by state | covid- symptoms guide | coronavirus etiquette | your life at home | personal finance guide | make your own fabric mask | follow all of our coronavirus coverage and sign up for our free newsletter. how to help: your community | seniors | restaurants | keep at-risk people in mind show moreshow less comments today’s headlines the most important news stories of the day, curated by post editors and delivered every morning. by signing up you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy today’s headlines the most important news stories of the day, curated by post editors and delivered every morning. by signing up you agree to our terms of use and privacy policy about us 	public 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