Sehnsucht - Wikipedia Sehnsucht From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search German noun for an emotion of longing For other uses, see Sehnsucht (disambiguation). Sehnsucht by Oskar Zwintscher, c. 1900 Sehnsucht (German pronunciation: [ˈzeːnˌzʊxt]) is a German noun translated as "longing", "desire", "yearning", or "craving".[1] Some psychologists use the word to represent thoughts and feelings about all facets of life that are unfinished or imperfect, paired with a yearning for ideal alternative experiences.[2] Contents 1 In psychology 2 In popular culture 3 See also 4 References 4.1 Bibliography 5 External links 5.1 Scores at the International Music Score Library Project In psychology[edit] This section may stray from the topic of the article. Please help improve this section or discuss this issue on the talk page. (May 2019) Sehnsucht, sculpture by Susanne Kraißer Psychologists have worked to capture the essence of Sehnsucht by identifying its six core characteristics:[3] utopian conceptions of ideal development; sense of incompleteness and imperfection of life; conjoint time focus on the past, present, and future; ambivalent (bittersweet) emotions; reflection and evaluation of one's life; and symbolic richness. In a cross-cultural study conducted to determine whether the German concept of Sehnsucht could be generalized to the United States, four samples of American and German participants “rated their 2 most important life longings and completed measures of subjective well-being and health.”[4] German and American participants did not differ in their ability to identify life longings or the intensity of their Sehnsucht. However, German participants associated it more with unattainable, utopian states while Americans reported the concept as not as important to everyday life. Some researchers posit that Sehnsucht has a developmental function that involves life management. By imagining overarching and possibly unachievable goals, individuals may be able to create direction in their life by developing more tangible goals, or “stepping stones” that will aid them on their path toward their ideal self. "[Sehnsucht has] important developmental functions, including giving directionality for life planning and helping to cope with loss and important, yet unattainable wishes by pursuing them in one's imagination."[5] It can also operate as a self-regulatory mechanism. However, in a study that attempted to discover whether Sehnsucht played an active role in one's ability to influence their own development, psychologists asked 81 participants to report “their most important personal goals and life longings, and [evaluate] these with respect to their cognitive, emotional, and action-related characteristics.”[6] Results showed that goals were perceived as more closely linked to everyday actions, and as such more controllable. Sehnsucht, on the other hand, was reported as more related to the past and future, and therefore more emotionally and developmentally ambiguous. Also, in a study conducted in 2009, 168 middle-aged childless women were asked to rate their wish for children according to intensity and attainability. If the women rated their wish as intense and long-standing, their wish was considered a life-longing. If they rated their wish as intense and attainable, it was simply a goal. “The pursuit of the wish for children as a life longing was positively related to well-being only when participants had high control over the experience of this life longing and when other self-regulation strategies (goal adjustment) failed.”[7] In popular culture[edit] "Sehnsucht" is a poem by Friedrich Schiller that inspired composers like Franz Schubert and Siegfried Wagner. Goethe's "Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt" was set to music by multiple composers including Ludwig van Beethoven.[8] Longing, specifically longing for some unknown joy, is a central idea in many of the books by C.S. Lewis, such as his autobiography Surprised By Joy (1955). Richard Strauss composed a setting of Detlev von Liliencron's poem "Sehnsucht" in 1896 (Opus 32, number 2). Sehnsucht (1997) is the title of the second album, and title track of that album, by the German metal band, Rammstein. In 2011 the film director Badran Roy Badran treated the concept of Sehnsucht in his feature film A Play Entitled Sehnsucht.[9][10] See also[edit] Hiraeth Mono no aware Peak experience Romanticism Saudade Wabi-sabi Weltschmerz References[edit] ^ "LEO Results for "sehnsucht"". ^ Kotter-Grühn, D.; Wiest, M.; Zurek, P.; Scheibe, S. (2009). "What is it we are longing for? Psychological and demographic factors influencing the contents of Sehnsucht (life longings)". Journal of Research in Personality. 43 (3): 428–437. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.01.012. ^ Scheibe, S.; Freund, A. M.; Baltes, P. B. (2007). "Toward a developmental psychology of Sehnsucht (life longings): The optimal (utopian) life". Developmental Psychology. 43 (3): 778–795. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.778. PMID 17484587. ^ Scheibe, S.; Blanchard-Fields, F.; Wiest, M.; Freund, A. M. (2011). "Is longing only for Germans? A cross-cultural comparison of sehnsucht in Germany and the United States". Developmental Psychology. 47 (3): 603–618. doi:10.1037/a0021807. PMID 21219068. ^ Scheibe, S.; Freund, A. M. (2008). "Approaching Sehnsucht (life longings) from a life-span perspective: The role of personal utopias in development". Research in Human Development. 5 (2): 121–133. doi:10.1080/15427600802034868. S2CID 143657106. ^ Mayser, S.; Scheibe, S.; Riediger, M. (2008). "(Un)reachable? An empirical differentiation of goals and life longings". European Psychologist. 13: 126–140. doi:10.1027/1016-9040.13.2.126. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0024-FBCB-C. ^ Kotter-Grühn, D.; Scheibe, S.; Blanchard-Fields, F.; Baltes, P. B. (2009). "Developmental emergence and functionality of Sehnsucht (life longings): The sample case of involuntary childlessness in middle-aged women". Psychology and Aging. 24 (3): 634–644. doi:10.1037/a0016359. PMID 19739919. ^ "Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt" at LiederNet Archive ^ "A Play Entitled Sehnsucht". ^ "Reviews written by Khourysara6". IMDb. Bibliography[edit] Bruner, Kurt; Ware, Jim (2005), Finding God in the Land of Narnia, Tyndale House, ISBN 0-8423-8104-X External links[edit] C. S. Lewis on Joy, Sehnsucht, Longing and True Myth Joy and Sehnsucht Sehnsucht: The C. S. Lewis Journal An English description of the word by a German native speaker[dead link] "Sehnsucht" song texts at The LiederNet Archive Scores at the International Music Score Library Project[edit] Schubert: Sehnsucht, D.52 Sehnsucht, D.123 Sehnsucht der Liebe, D.180 Sehnsucht, D.310 Sehnsucht, D.359 Sehnsucht, D.481 Sehnsucht, D.516 Sehnsucht, D.636 Sehnsucht, D.656 4 Gesänge aus 'Wilhelm Meister', D.877 Sehnsucht, D.879 Mozart: Sehnsucht nach dem Frühling, K.596 Beethoven: Sehnsucht, WoO 134 Sehnsucht, WoO 146 3 Gesänge, Op.83 Siegfried Wagner: Sehnsucht v t e Songs by Franz Schubert Part songs "Schwertlied", D 170 "An die Freude", D 189 "Gesang der Geister über den Wassern", D 714 "Ständchen", D 920 Lieder "Der Taucher", D 77 "Gretchen am Spinnrade", D 118 "Rastlose Liebe", D 130 "Der Mondabend", D 141 "Amphiaraos", D 166 "Die Bürgschaft", D 246 "Heidenröslein", D 257 "Vaterlandslied", D 287 "Hermann und Thusnelda", D 322 "Der Erlkönig", D 328 "Der König in Thule", D 367 "Der Wanderer", D 489 "Wiegenlied", D 498 "Der Tod und das Mädchen", D 531 "An die Musik", D 547 "Die Forelle", D 550 "Prometheus", D 674 "Willkommen und Abschied", D 767 "Der Zwerg", D 771 "Auf dem Wasser zu singen", D 774 "Du bist die Ruh', D 776 "Lachen und Weinen", D 777 "Nacht und Träume", D 827 "Ave Maria", D 839 "Im Frühling", D 882 "Ständchen", D 889 "An Sylvia", D 891 "Der Doppelgänger", D 957 No. 13 "Der Hirt auf dem Felsen", D 965 Cycles Schubert's song cycles, including: Die schöne Müllerin, D 795 Winterreise, D 911 Schwanengesang, D 957 Multiple Mignon "Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt" Romanze Sehnsucht Ständchen Trinklied "Wandrers Nachtlied" List of compositions by Franz Schubert List of compositions by Franz Schubert by genre Schubert opus/Deutsch number concordance v t e Emotions (list) Emotions Acceptance Adoration Aesthetic emotions Affection Agitation Agony Amusement Anger Angst Anguish Annoyance Anticipation Anxiety Apathy Arousal Attraction Awe Boredom Calmness Compassion 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