id sid tid token lemma pos en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 2 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 3 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 4 Wikipedia wikipedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 5 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 6 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 7 From from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 8 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 11 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 12 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 13 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 14 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 15 navigation navigation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 16 Jump Jump NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 17 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 18 search search VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 19 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 20 Speed Speed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 1 21 ! ! . en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 1 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 2 Edmund Edmund NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 3 Blair Blair NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 4 Leighton Leighton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 6 1900 1900 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 9 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 10 Victorian victorian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 11 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 14 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 15 giving give VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 17 favor favor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 20 knight knight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 21 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 23 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 24 battle battle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 25 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 26 love love VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 27 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 28 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 30 fin'amor fin'amor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 31 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 32 finaˈmuɾ finaˈmuɾ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 33 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 34 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 35 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 36 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 37 amour amour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 38 courtois courtois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 39 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 40 amuʁ amuʁ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 41 kuʁtwa kuʁtwa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 42 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 43 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 44 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 45 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 46 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 47 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 48 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 49 conception conception NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 51 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 52 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 53 emphasized emphasize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 54 nobility nobility NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 55 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 56 chivalry chivalry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 2 57 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 1 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 2 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 4 filled fill VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 5 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 6 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 8 knights knight NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 9 setting set VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 10 out out RP en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 12 adventures adventure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 14 performing perform VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 15 various various JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 16 deeds deed NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 17 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 18 services service NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 19 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 20 ladies lady NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 21 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 25 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 26 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 27 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 3 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 2 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 4 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 6 originally originally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 8 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 9 fiction fiction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 10 created create VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 13 entertainment entertainment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 16 nobility nobility NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 20 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 21 passed pass VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 23 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 24 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 25 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 26 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 27 changed change VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 29 attracted attract VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 30 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 31 larger large JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 32 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 4 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 3 high high JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 4 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 5 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 9 game game NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 11 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 13 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 14 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 15 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 16 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 19 set set NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 21 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 22 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 5 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 2 Loving love VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 3 nobly nobly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 6 considered consider VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 7 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 8 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 10 enriching enriching NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 12 improving improve VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 13 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 6 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 2 1][2 1][2 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 4 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 6 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 9 ducal ducal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 11 princely princely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 12 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 14 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 16 Provence Provence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 18 Champagne Champagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 20 ducal ducal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 21 Burgundy Burgundy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 24 Norman Norman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 25 Kingdom Kingdom NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 27 Sicily[3 Sicily[3 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 29 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 31 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 34 eleventh eleventh JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 35 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 7 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 2 essence essence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 4 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 6 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 7 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 8 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 10 erotic erotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 11 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 13 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 14 attainment attainment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 18 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 20 once once RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 21 illicit illicit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 23 morally morally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 24 elevating elevate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 26 passionate passionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 28 disciplined discipline VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 30 humiliating humiliating JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 32 exalting exalt VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 34 human human NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 36 transcendent transcendent NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 37 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 8 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 2 4 4 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 5 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 7 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 8 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 10 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 11 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 12 popularized popularize VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 14 Gaston Gaston NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 15 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 17 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 18 since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 19 come come VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 20 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 22 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 23 variety variety NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 25 definitions definition NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 27 uses use NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 9 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 2 interpretation interpretation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 4 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 6 influences influence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 7 continue continue VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 11 matter matter NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 13 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 14 debate debate NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 10 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 1 Contents content NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 2 1 1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 3 Origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 5 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 6 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 7 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 8 2.1 2.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 9 Andalusian andalusian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 11 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 12 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 13 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 14 Analysis Analysis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 15 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 16 Literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 17 convention convention NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 18 4.1 4.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 19 Lyric Lyric NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 20 4.2 4.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 21 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 22 4.3 4.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 23 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 24 4.4 4.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 25 Later late JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 26 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 27 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 28 Points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 30 controversy controversy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 31 5.1 5.1 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 32 Sexuality Sexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 33 5.2 5.2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 34 Real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 35 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 36 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 37 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 38 5.3 5.3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 39 Courts Courts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 41 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 42 5.4 5.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 43 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 44 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 45 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 46 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 47 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 49 canon canon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 50 law law NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 51 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 52 Stages stage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 53 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 54 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 55 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 56 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 57 References reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 58 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 59 Sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 60 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 61 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 62 reading read VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 63 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 64 External external JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 65 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 66 Origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 67 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 68 term[edit term[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 69 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 70 While while IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 71 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 72 origin origin NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 73 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 74 uncertain uncertain JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 75 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 76 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 77 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 78 amour amour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 79 courtois courtois NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 80 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 81 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 82 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 83 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 84 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 85 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 86 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 87 given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 88 greater great JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 89 popularity popularity NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 90 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 91 Gaston Gaston NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 92 Paris[5 Paris[5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 93 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 94 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 95 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 96 1883 1883 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 97 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 98 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 99 Études étude VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 100 sur sur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 101 les les NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 102 romans romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 103 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 104 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 105 Table Table NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 106 Ronde Ronde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 107 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 108 Lancelot Lancelot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 109 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 110 Lac Lac NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 111 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 112 II II NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 113 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 114 Le Le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 115 conte conte JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 116 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 117 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 118 charrette charrette NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 119 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 120 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 121 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 122 treatise treatise NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 123 inspecting inspect VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 124 Chrétien Chrétien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 125 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 126 Troyes Troyes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 127 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 128 Lancelot Lancelot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 129 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 130 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 131 Knight Knight NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 132 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 133 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 134 Cart Cart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 135 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 136 1177 1177 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 137 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 11 138 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 1 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 2 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 3 amour amour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 4 courtois courtois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 7 idolization idolization NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 8 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 9 ennobling ennoble VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 10 discipline discipline NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 12 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 2 lover lover NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 3 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 4 idolizer idolizer NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 5 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 6 accepts accept VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 8 independence independence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 10 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 11 mistress mistress NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 13 tries try VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 15 make make VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 16 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 17 worthy worthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 19 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 21 acting act VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 22 bravely bravely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 24 honorably honorably RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 26 nobly nobly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 30 doing do VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 31 whatever whatever WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 32 deeds deed NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 33 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 34 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 35 desire desire VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 37 subjecting subject VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 38 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 39 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 40 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 41 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 43 tests test NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 44 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 45 ordeals ordeal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 47 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 48 prove prove VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 49 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 50 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 51 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 52 ardor ardor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 54 commitment commitment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 13 55 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 1 Sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 2 satisfaction satisfaction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 4 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 5 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 7 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 9 have have VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 10 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 11 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 12 goal goal NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 13 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 14 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 15 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 16 result result NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 18 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 20 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 21 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 22 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 23 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 24 platonic platonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 25 either either RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 30 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 32 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 33 attraction attraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 14 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 2 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 4 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 5 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 6 definition definition NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 7 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 8 soon soon RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 9 widely widely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 10 accepted accept VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 12 adopted adopt VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 15 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 2 1936 1936 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 3 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 5 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 6 wrote write VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 8 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 10 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 11 further further RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 12 solidifying solidify VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 13 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 14 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 18 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 21 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 22 specialized specialized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 23 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 25 whose whose WP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 26 characteristics characteristic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 27 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 28 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 29 enumerated enumerate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 31 Humility Humility NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 33 Courtesy Courtesy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 35 Adultery Adultery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 37 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 38 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 39 Religion Religion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 40 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 41 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 42 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 16 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 2 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 4 Later later RBR en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 6 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 7 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 8 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 9 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 10 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 11 Robertson Robertson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 13 Jr Jr NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 15 ,[7 ,[7 NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 16 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 19 1960s 1960 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 21 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 22 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 23 Moore[8 Moore[8 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 24 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 26 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 27 Talbot Talbot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 28 Donaldson[9 Donaldson[9 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 29 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 32 1970s 1970 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 34 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 35 critical critical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 38 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 39 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 40 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 42 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 43 invention invention NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 45 Donaldson Donaldson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 46 calling call VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 47 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 48 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 49 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 50 Myth Myth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 51 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 52 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 53 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 54 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 55 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 56 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 57 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 58 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 59 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 60 supported support VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 61 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 62 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 63 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 17 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 2 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 4 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 6 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 7 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 8 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 9 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 10 appear appear VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 11 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 13 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 14 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 15 extant extant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 16 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 17 poem poem NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 18 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 20 cortez cortez NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 21 amors amor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 24 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 25 12th 12th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 26 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 27 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 28 lyric lyric NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 29 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 30 Peire Peire NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 31 d'Alvernhe d'Alvernhe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 32 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 34 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 35 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 36 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 37 related related JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 38 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 40 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 41 fin'amor fin'amor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 43 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 44 fine fine JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 45 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 47 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 48 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 49 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 50 appear appear VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 51 frequently frequently RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 52 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 53 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 54 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 55 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 57 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 58 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 59 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 60 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 61 translated translate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 62 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 63 hohe hohe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 64 Minne Minne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 18 65 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 2 addition addition NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 4 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 5 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 7 phrases phrase NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 8 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 11 courtliness courtliness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 15 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 16 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 17 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 18 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 19 throughout throughout IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 21 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 22 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 19 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 1 Even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 2 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 3 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 4 used use VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 5 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 6 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 7 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 8 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 9 support support NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 12 contemporaneous contemporaneous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 13 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 19 neologism neologism NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 21 does do VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 22 usefully usefully RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 23 describe describe VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 24 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 25 particular particular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 26 conception conception NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 27 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 28 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 30 focuses focus VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 31 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 33 courtliness courtliness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 34 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 35 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 36 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 37 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 38 essence essence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 20 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 4 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 5 Trachsler Trachsler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 6 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 7 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 10 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 12 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 13 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 14 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 15 linked link VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 18 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 21 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 23 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 24 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 26 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 27 produced produce VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 29 read read VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 30 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 31 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 33 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 34 sharing share VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 35 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 36 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 38 elaborate elaborate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 39 culture culture NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 40 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 41 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 42 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 43 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 44 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 45 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 21 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 4 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 5 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 7 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 10 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 11 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 12 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 13 claim claim VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 15 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 16 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 17 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 18 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 20 uncourtly uncourtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 22 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 25 argues argue VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 26 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 27 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 28 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 29 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 30 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 31 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 33 determine determine VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 34 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 35 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 36 courtliness courtliness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 37 ends end VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 38 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 39 uncourtliness uncourtliness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 40 starts start VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 42 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 43 readers reader NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 44 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 45 enjoy enjoy VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 46 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 47 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 48 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 49 supposed suppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 51 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 52 entirely entirely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 53 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 54 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 55 realizing realize VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 56 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 57 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 58 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 59 enjoying enjoy VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 60 texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 61 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 62 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 63 uncourtly uncourtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 22 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 4 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 5 presents present VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 7 clear clear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 8 problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 11 understanding understanding NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 13 courtliness courtliness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 23 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 2 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 4 History[edit History[edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 6 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 8 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 10 Provence Provence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 13 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 14 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 16 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 18 manuscript manuscript NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 21 Bibliothèque Bibliothèque NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 22 Nationale Nationale NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 24 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 26 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 27 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 29 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 30 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 31 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 34 castle castle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 35 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 37 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 38 regions region NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 39 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 40 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 42 Provence Provence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 44 Champagne Champagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 46 ducal ducal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 47 Burgundy Burgundy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 49 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 50 around around IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 52 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 53 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 55 First First NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 56 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 57 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 58 1099 1099 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 59 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 24 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 1 Eleanor Eleanor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 3 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 5 1124 1124 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 6 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 7 1204 1204 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 9 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 10 ideals ideal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 12 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 13 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 15 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 16 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 19 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 21 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 23 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 25 England England NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 27 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 28 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 29 queen queen JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 30 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 31 consort consort NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 33 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 35 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 36 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 37 realms realm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 39 succession succession NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 40 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 25 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 2 daughter daughter NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 3 Marie Marie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 5 Countess Countess NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 7 Champagne Champagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 9 1145 1145 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 11 1198 1198 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 12 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 13 brought bring VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 14 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 15 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 18 Count Count NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 20 Champagne Champagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 21 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 22 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 26 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 2 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 3 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 4 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 7 lyric lyric NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 8 poems poem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 9 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 11 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 13 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 15 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 16 IX IX NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 18 Duke Duke NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 20 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 22 1071–1126 1071–1126 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 25 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 28 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 29 troubadour troubadour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 30 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 27 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 1 Poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 2 adopted adopt VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 4 terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 6 feudalism feudalism NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 8 declaring declare VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 9 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 11 vassal vassal NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 14 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 16 addressing address VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 17 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 18 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 19 midons midon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 20 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 21 my -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 22 lord lord NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 25 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 26 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 27 dual dual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 28 benefits benefit NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 29 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 30 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 32 poet poet NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 34 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 36 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 37 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 38 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 39 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 40 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 41 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 42 avoid avoid VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 43 having have VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 44 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 45 reveal reveal VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 46 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 47 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 48 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 49 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 50 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 51 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 52 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 53 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 54 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 55 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 56 flattering flatter VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 57 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 58 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 59 addressing address VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 60 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 61 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 62 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 63 lord lord NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 28 64 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 2 troubadour troubadour NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 3 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 4 model model NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 7 ideal ideal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 8 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 9 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 11 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 13 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 14 employer employer NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 15 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 16 lord lord NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 19 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 21 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 22 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 23 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 24 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 26 rich rich JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 28 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 29 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 30 head head NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 31 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 33 castle castle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 29 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 1 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 2 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 3 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 5 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 6 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 7 Crusade Crusade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 9 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 10 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 11 dominated dominate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 13 household household NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 15 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 16 affairs affair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 17 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 18 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 19 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 22 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 23 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 24 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 26 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 27 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 28 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 29 home home NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 30 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 2 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 3 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 4 rich rich JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 6 powerful powerful JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 9 poet poet NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 10 gave give VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 11 voice voice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 14 aspirations aspiration NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 17 courtier courti JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 18 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 21 only only RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 22 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 23 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 24 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 25 noble noble JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 26 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 27 engage engage VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 28 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 29 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 30 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 31 31 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 2 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 3 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 6 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 7 nobility nobility NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 9 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 10 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 11 wealth wealth NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 12 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 13 family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 14 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 18 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 20 actions action NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 21 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 22 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 23 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 24 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 26 piety piety NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 28 gallantry gallantry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 30 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 31 appealing appeal VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 32 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 33 poorer poor JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 34 knights knight NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 35 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 36 saw see VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 37 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 38 avenue avenue NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 39 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 40 advancement advancement NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 32 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 1 Since since IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 2 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 4 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 5 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 6 marriages marriage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 7 among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 8 nobility nobility NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 9 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 10 little little JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 12 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 14 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 15 perspectives perspective NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 17 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 18 constitutes constitute VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 19 love,[11 love,[11 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 20 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 21 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 22 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 24 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 26 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 28 nobles noble NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 29 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 30 express express VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 32 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 33 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 34 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 35 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 36 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 37 marriage marriage NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 33 38 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 2 12 12 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 5 Lovers Lovers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 9 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 11 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 12 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 13 need nee MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 14 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 15 refer refer VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 16 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 17 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 19 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 20 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 23 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 25 loving loving NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 34 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 3 lovers lover NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 5 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 6 short short JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 7 trysts tryst NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 9 secret secret NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 11 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 12 escalated escalate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 13 mentally mentally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 15 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 16 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 17 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 18 physically physically RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 35 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 7 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 9 continual continual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 10 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 11 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 12 beds bed NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 14 sleeping sleep VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 15 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 17 lover lover NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 19 arms arm NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 21 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 22 sources source NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 23 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 26 troubador troubador NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 27 albas albas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 29 romances romance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 30 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 31 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 32 Chrétien Chrétien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 33 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 34 Lancelot Lancelot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 35 imply imply VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 36 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 37 least least JJS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 39 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 40 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 41 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 42 context context NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 44 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 45 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 46 intercourse intercourse NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 36 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 3 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 4 12th 12th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 5 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 6 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 7 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 8 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 9 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 10 influential influential JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 11 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 12 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 13 amore amore VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 16 Concerning Concerning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 17 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 20 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 21 codified codify VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 23 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 25 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 26 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 37 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 1 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 2 amore amore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 3 lists list NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 4 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 5 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 6 as:[14 as:[14 VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 7 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 9 Marriage marriage NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 10 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 11 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 12 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 13 excuse excuse NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 15 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 16 loving love VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 38 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 2 He -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 3 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 5 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 6 jealous jealous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 7 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 8 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 9 love love VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 39 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 2 No no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 3 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 4 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 5 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 6 bound bind VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 9 double double JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 10 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 40 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 2 When when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 3 made make VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 4 public public JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 6 rarely rarely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 7 endures endure VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 41 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 1 Much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 3 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 4 structure structure NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 6 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 7 sentiments sentiment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 8 derived derive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 9 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 10 Ovid Ovid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 12 Ars Ars NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 13 amatoria amatoria NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 42 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 2 15 15 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 4 Andalusian andalusian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 6 Islamic Islamic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 7 influence[edit influence[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 9 Warfare warfare NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 10 imagery imagery NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 13 Siege Siege NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 16 Castle Castle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 18 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 19 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 20 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 21 ivory ivory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 22 mirror mirror NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 23 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 24 back back NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 26 possibly possibly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 27 Paris Paris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 29 ca ca NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 43 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 1 1350–1370 1350–1370 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 2 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 3 Musée Musée NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 4 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 5 Louvre Louvre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 7 Hispano Hispano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 9 Arabic Arabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 10 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 12 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 13 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 14 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 15 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 16 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 18 Sicily Sicily NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 20 provided provide VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 22 further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 23 source source NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 26 parallel parallel NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 27 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 28 Ovid Ovid NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 30 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 32 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 33 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 35 Provence Provence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 36 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 37 overlooked overlook VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 38 though though IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 39 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 40 sometimes[quantify sometimes[quantify NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 41 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 42 is[by is[by UH en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 43 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 44 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4784 44 45 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 1 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 2 accounts account NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 4 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 45 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 2 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 3 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 5 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 7 Muslim Muslim NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 8 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 9 express express VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 10 similarly similarly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 11 oxymoronic oxymoronic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 12 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 14 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 15 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 16 both both CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 17 beneficial beneficial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 19 distressing distress VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 22 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 25 do;[3 do;[3 NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 27 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 29 broader broad JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 30 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 31 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 32 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 34 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 35 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 36 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 37 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 38 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 39 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 40 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 41 consideration consideration NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 46 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 2 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 4 Given give VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 6 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 7 similar similar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 8 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 9 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 10 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 12 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 13 prevalent prevalent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 14 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 15 Al Al NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 16 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 17 Andalus Andalus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 19 elsewhere elsewhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 22 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 23 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 26 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 27 very very RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 28 likely likely JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 29 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 30 Islamic islamic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 31 practices practice NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 32 influenced influence VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 34 Christian Christian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 35 Europeans Europeans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 36 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 37 especially especially RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 39 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 40 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 41 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 42 classical classical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 43 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 45 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 46 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 47 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 48 emerged emerge VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 47 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 3 Gustave Gustave NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 4 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 5 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 6 Grunebaum Grunebaum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 8 several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 9 relevant relevant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 10 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 11 developed develop VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 13 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 14 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 15 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 16 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 17 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 18 contrasts contrast NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 20 sickness sickness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 21 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 22 medicine medicine NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 24 delight delight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 25 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 26 torment torment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 27 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 28 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 29 characterise characterise VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 31 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 32 experience experience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 48 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 2 3 3 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 5 notions notion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 8 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 9 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 10 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 11 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 12 sake sake NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 16 exaltation exaltation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 19 beloved beloved JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 20 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 22 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 23 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 24 traced trace VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 25 back[by back[by NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 26 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 27 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4784 49 28 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 1 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 2 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 3 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 6 9th 9th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 8 10th 10th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 9 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 50 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 2 Persian persian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 3 psychologist psychologist NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 5 philosopher philosopher NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 6 Ibn Ibn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 7 Sina Sina NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 9 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 10     _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 11 980 980 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 12 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 13 1037 1037 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 14 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 15 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 16 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 18 Avicenna Avicenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 21 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 23 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 25 notion notion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 28 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 29 ennobling ennobling JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 30 power power NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 31 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 33 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 36 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 37 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 38 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 39 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 40 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 41 treatise treatise NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 42 Risala Risala NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 43 fi'l fi'l NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 44 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 45 Ishq Ishq NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 46 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 47 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 48 Treatise Treatise NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 49 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 50 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 51 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 52 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 51 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 2 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 3 element element NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 5 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 6 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 9 concept concept NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 12 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 14 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 15 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 16 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 18 fulfilled fulfil VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 19 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 21 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 22 occurred occur VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 23 implicitly implicitly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 24 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 25 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 26 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 28 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 29 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 30 developed develop VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 31 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 32 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 33 doctrine doctrine NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 34 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 35 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 36 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 38 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 39 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 40 all all DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 41 four four CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 42 elements element NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 43 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 44 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 45 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 46 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 47 present present JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 52 48 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 2 17 17 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 6 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 7 argument argument NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 8 outlined outline VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 9 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 10 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 11 Rosa Rosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 12 Menocal Menocal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 15 Arabic Arabic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 16 Role Role NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 18 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 19 Literary Literary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 20 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 22 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 26 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 27 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 28 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 29 Spain Spain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 32 group group NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 34 wandering wander VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 35 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 36 appeared appear VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 37 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 38 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 39 go go VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 40 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 41 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 43 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 45 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 46 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 47 travel travel VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 49 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 50 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 52 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 53 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 54 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 55 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 56 situation situation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 57 closely closely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 58 mirroring mirror VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 59 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 60 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 61 happen happen VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 62 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 63 southern southern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 64 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 65 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 66 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 67 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 68 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 53 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 1 Contacts contact NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 2 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 3 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 4 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 5 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 8 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 9 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 11 frequent frequent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 54 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 2 metrical metrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 3 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 4 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 5 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 7 Spanish spanish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 8 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 9 resembled resemble VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 10 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 11 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 12 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 15 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 55 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 2 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 4 Analysis[edit Analysis[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 7 historic historic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 8 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 10 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 11 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 12 varies varie NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 13 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 14 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 15 schools school NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 17 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 56 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 1 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 2 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 4 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 6 views view VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 8 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 9 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 10 Ages Ages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 11 dominated dominate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 12 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 14 prudish prudish NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 16 patriarchal patriarchal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 17 theocracy theocracy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 19 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 20 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 21 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 24 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 25 humanist humanist JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 26 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 27 reaction reaction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 28 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 30 puritanical puritanical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 31 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 34 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 35 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 57 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 2 19][20 19][20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 4 Scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 5 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 6 endorse endorse VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 7 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 8 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 9 value value NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 10 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 11 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 12 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 13 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 14 exaltation exaltation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 16 femininity femininity NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 18 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 19 ennobling ennobling JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 21 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 24 moral moral JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 25 force force NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 26 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 28 contrast contrast NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 29 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 31 ironclad ironclad JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 32 chauvinism chauvinism NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 35 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 37 second second JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 38 estates estate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 58 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 2 5 5 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 5 condemnation condemnation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 7 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 8 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 11 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 14 13th 13th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 15 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 16 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 18 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 19 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 20 heretical heretical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 22 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 23 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 24 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 25 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 26 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 29 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 30 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 31 attempt attempt NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 33 put put VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 34 down down RP en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 35 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 37 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 38 rebellion rebellion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 39 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 59 40 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 2 5][21 5][21 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 7 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 8 note note VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 9 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 10 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 11 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 13 certainly certainly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 14 tied tie VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 15 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 17 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 19 effort effort NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 21 civilize civilize VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 23 crude crude JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 24 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 25 feudal feudal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 26 codes code NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 29 late late JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 30 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 31 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 60 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 2 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 4 been be VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 5 suggested suggest VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 6 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 8 prevalence prevalence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 10 arranged arranged JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 11 marriages marriage NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 12 required require VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 13 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 14 outlets outlet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 17 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 19 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 20 personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 21 occurrences occurrence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 23 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 24 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 27 thus thus RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 28 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 29 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 30 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 32 reaction reaction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 33 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 35 prudery prudery NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 36 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 37 patriarchy patriarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 40 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 41 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 42 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 44 nuptial nuptial JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 45 customs custom NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 46 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 47 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 48 era era NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 49 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 50 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 51 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 52 arose arise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 61 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 6 Germanic germanic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 7 cultural cultural JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 8 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 10 special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 11 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 13 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 14 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 15 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 16 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 17 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 19 namely namely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 20 Minne Minne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 62 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 1 At at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 2 times time NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 5 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 6 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 7 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 8 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 9 princesse princesse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 10 lointaine lointaine NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 13 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 14 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 15 away away RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 16 princess princess NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 19 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 20 tales tale NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 21 told tell VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 23 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 24 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 25 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 26 fallen fall VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 27 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 28 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 29 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 30 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 31 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 32 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 33 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 34 never never RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 35 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 37 merely merely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 38 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 39 hearing hear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 40 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 41 perfection perfection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 42 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 44 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 45 normally normally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 46 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 47 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 48 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 49 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 50 distant distant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 63 51 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 1 As as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 3 etiquette etiquette NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 5 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 6 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 7 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 8 more more RBR en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 9 complicated complicated JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 12 knight knight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 13 might may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 14 wear wear VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 16 colors color NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 18 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 19 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 21 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 22 blue blue JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 23 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 24 black black JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 25 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 26 sometimes sometimes RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 28 colors color NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 30 faithfulness faithfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 32 green green JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 33 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 34 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 35 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 36 sign sign NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 37 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 38 unfaithfulness unfaithfulness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 64 39 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 1 Salvation salvation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 3 previously previously RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 4 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 7 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 10 priesthood priesthood NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 12 now now RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 13 came come VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 14 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 16 hands hand NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 18 one one NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 19 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 20 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 65 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 2 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 3 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 5 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 6 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 7 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 8 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 9 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 10 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 11 expressed express VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 13 same same JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 14 sentiment sentiment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 15 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 16 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 66 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 1 Literary Literary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 2 convention[edit convention[edit , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 5 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 6 convention convention NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 8 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 9 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 10 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 11 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 12 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 14 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 17 major major JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 18 authors author NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 21 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 22 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 23 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 25 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 26 Chaucer Chaucer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 28 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 29 Gower Gower NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 30 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 31 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 33 Marie Marie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 34 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 35 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 37 Chretien Chretien NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 38 de de IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 39 Troyes Troyes NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 41 Gottfried Gottfried NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 42 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 43 Strassburg Strassburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 44 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 45 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 46 Malory Malory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 67 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 2 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 3 genres genre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 5 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 6 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 7 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 8 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 9 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 10 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 11 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 12 include include VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 14 lyric lyric NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 17 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 20 allegory allegory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 68 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 1 Lyric[edit lyric[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 3 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 4 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 5 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 6 born bear VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 9 lyric lyric NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 11 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 12 appearing appear VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 14 Provençal Provençal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 15 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 18 11th 11th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 19 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 21 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 22 itinerant itinerant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 24 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 25 minstrels minstrel VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 26 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 27 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 29 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 30 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 31 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 32 trouvères trouvère NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 34 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 35 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 38 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 39 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 40 lays lay NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 69 41 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 1 Texts text NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 2 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 3 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 4 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 6 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 7 lays lay NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 10 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 11 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 12 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 13 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 14 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 15 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 17 minstrels minstrel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 70 18 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 3 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 4 Ardis Ardis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 5 Butterfield Butterfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 7 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 8 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 10 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 12 air air NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 14 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 15 genres genre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 17 troubadour troubadour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 18 song song NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 19 breathe breathe DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 20 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 71 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 2 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 4 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 5 much much JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 7 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 8 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 9 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 11 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 13 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 17 whom whom WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 18 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 19 pieces piece NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 20 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 21 performed perform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 23 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 24 we -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 25 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 26 infer infer VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 27 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 29 pieces piece NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 30 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 31 performed perform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 32 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 33 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 34 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 35 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 36 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 37 trouvères trouvère NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 39 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 40 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 41 courtiers courtier NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 42 themselves -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 72 43 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 2 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 3 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 4 inferred infer VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 5 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 6 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 7 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 8 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 9 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 10 encouraged encourage VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 11 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 12 expected expect VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 14 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 16 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 19 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 20 proficient proficient JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 21 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 22 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 23 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 24 areas area NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 26 including include VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 27 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 73 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 1 Several several JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 2 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 3 became become VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 4 extremely extremely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 5 wealthy wealthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 6 playing play VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 8 fiddle fiddle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 10 singing singe VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 11 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 12 songs song NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 13 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 14 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 15 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 16 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 18 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 19 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 74 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 1 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 3 difficult difficult JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 4 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 5 know know VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 6 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 8 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 9 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 10 songs song NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 11 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 12 performed perform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 13 because because IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 14 most most JJS en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 17 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 18 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 19 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 20 topics topic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 21 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 22 provided provide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 25 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 26 itself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 75 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 1 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 2 lay lay NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 5 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 6 Lay Lay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 8 Lecheor Lecheor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 9 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 11 says say VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 12 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 13 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 15 lay lay NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 17 composed compose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 20 Then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 22 lay lay NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 24 preserved preserve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 25 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 26 Until until IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 29 known know VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 30 everywhere everywhere RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 31 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 32 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 33 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 34 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 35 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 36 skilled skilled JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 37 musicians musician NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 38 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 39 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 40 viol viol NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 42 harp harp NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 44 rote rote NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 45 / / , en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 46 Carried carry VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 47 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 48 forth forth RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 49 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 50 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 51 region region NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 52 … … NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 53 "[24 "[24 NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 54 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 55 Scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 56 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 57 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 58 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 59 decide decide VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 60 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 61 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 62 take take VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 63 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 64 description description NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 65 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 66 truth truth NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 67 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 68 fiction fiction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 76 69 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 1 Period period NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 2 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 4 performance performance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 5 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 8 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 9 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 10 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 11 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 13 show show VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 15 quiet quiet JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 16 scene scene NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 17 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 19 household household NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 20 servant servant NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 21 performing perform VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 22 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 24 king king NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 26 lord lord NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 28 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 29 few few JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 30 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 31 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 32 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 33 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 34 unaccompanied unaccompanied JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 77 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 1 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 2 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 3 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 4 Christopher Christopher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 5 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 7 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 9 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 11 piece piece NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 12 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 13 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 14 depended depend VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 17 availability availability NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 19 instruments instrument NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 21 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 22 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 23 accompany accompany VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 25 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 26 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 27 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 28 setting set VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 78 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 2 25 25 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 4 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 5 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 6 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 7 minstrels minstrel NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 9 pieces piece NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 10 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 11 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 12 accompanied accompany VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 13 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 14 fiddle fiddle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 16 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 17 called call VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 19 vielle vielle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 21 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 23 harp harp NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 79 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 2 musicians musician NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 3 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 4 played play VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 6 vielle vielle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 9 harp harp NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 11 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 12 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 14 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 15 types type NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 17 viols viol NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 19 flutes flute NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 80 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 2 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 3 tradition tradition NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 4 spread spread NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 5 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 8 German German NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 9 Minnesänger Minnesänger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 11 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 13 Walther Walther NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 14 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 15 der der XX en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 16 Vogelweide Vogelweide NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 18 Wolfram Wolfram NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 19 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 20 Eschenbach Eschenbach NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 81 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 4 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 5 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 6 influenced influence VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 8 Sicilian Sicilian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 9 School School NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 11 Italian italian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 12 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 13 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 15 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 16 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 18 Petrarch Petrarch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 19 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 20 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 82 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 2 26 26 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 4 Romance[edit romance[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 6 Lancelot Lancelot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 8 Guinevere Guinevere NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 9 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 10 Howard Howard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 11 Pyle Pyle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 13 illustration illustration NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 15 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 16 Story Story NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 19 Champions Champions NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 22 Round Round NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 23 Table Table NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 24 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 25 1905 1905 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 26 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 27 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 28 vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 29 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 32 romans romans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 33 courtois courtois NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 34 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 35 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 36 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 37 romances romance NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 39 included include VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 40 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 41 examples example NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 43 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 44 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 83 45 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 3 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 4 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 5 set set VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 6 within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 8 cycle cycle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 10 poems poem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 11 celebrating celebrate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 12 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 13 Arthur Arthur NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 14 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 15 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 84 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 2 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 4 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 6 leisure leisure NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 8 directed direct VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 11 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 12 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 13 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 14 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 16 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 17 time time NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 18 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 19 European european JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 20 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 85 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 2 5 5 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 4 Allegory[edit allegory[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 6 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 7 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 9 Allegory allegory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 12 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 13 Ages Ages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 14 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 16 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 19 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 20 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 21 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 23 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 24 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 28 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 29 often often RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 30 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 31 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 32 interpret interpret VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 33 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 34 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 35 already already RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 36 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 86 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 3 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 4 strong strong JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 5 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 6 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 7 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 8 imagery imagery NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 10 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 11 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 12 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 14 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 15 writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 87 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 2 tradition tradition NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 4 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 5 allegory allegory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 6 began begin VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 8 part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 9 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 11 interpretation interpretation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 14 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 16 Songs Songs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 17 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 19 Bible Bible NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 88 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 2 medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 3 writers writer NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 4 thought think VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 7 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 8 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 9 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 10 taken take VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 11 literally literally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 12 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 13 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 14 erotic erotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 15 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 17 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 18 believed believe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 19 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 21 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 23 Songs Songs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 24 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 25 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 26 metaphor metaphor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 27 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 29 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 30 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 31 Christ Christ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 32 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 34 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 36 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 38 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 39 could could MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 40 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 41 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 42 exist exist VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 43 without without IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 44 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 45 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 46 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 47 metaphorical metaphorical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 48 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 89 49 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 1 Still still RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 2 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 3 claimed claim VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 6 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 7 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 8 written write VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 9 literally literally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 10 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 11 sex sex NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 12 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 13 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 14 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 15 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 16 must must MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 17 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 18 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 19 superseded supersede VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 20 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 21 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 22 related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 23 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 24 Christ Christ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 26 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 28 church church NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 30 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 31 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 32 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 33 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 34 soul soul NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 35 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 90 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 2 27 27 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 4 Marie Marie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 5 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 6 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 7 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 8 lai lai NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 10 Eliduc eliduc FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 12 toys toy VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 15 idea idea NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 16 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 17 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 18 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 19 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 20 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 22 symbol symbol NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 23 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 24 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 25 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 26 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 27 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 28 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 29 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 30 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 31 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 32 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 33 so so RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 34 fully fully RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 35 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 36 completely completely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 37 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 38 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 39 leave leave VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 40 each each DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 41 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 42 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 43 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 45 separating separate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 46 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 47 moving move VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 48 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 49 different different JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 50 religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 51 environments environment NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 91 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 2 28 28 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 4 Furthermore furthermore RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 7 main main JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 8 character character NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 10 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 11 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 12 leaves leave VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 13 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 14 husband husband NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 15 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 16 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 17 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 18 nun nun NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 19 so so IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 20 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 21 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 22 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 23 marry marry VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 24 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 25 new new JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 26 lover lover NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 92 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 2 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 4 Allegorical allegorical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 5 treatment treatment NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 7 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 8 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 9 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 10 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 11 found find VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 14 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 15 de de NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 16 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 17 Rose Rose NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 19 Guillaume Guillaume NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 20 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 21 Lorris Lorris NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 23 Jean Jean NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 24 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 25 Meun Meun NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 93 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 4 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 5 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 8 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 9 becomes become VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 10 enamored enamor VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 11 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 12 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 13 individual individual NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 14 rose rise VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 17 rosebush rosebush NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 19 attempting attempt VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 21 pick pick VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 22 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 23 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 24 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 25 succeeding succeed VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 94 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 2 rose rose NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 3 represents represent VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 5 female female JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 6 body body NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 8 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 10 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 11 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 12 contains contain VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 13 lengthy lengthy JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 14 digressive digressive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 16 discussions discussion NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 17 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 18 free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 19 will will NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 20 versus versus IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 21 determinism determinism NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 22 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 23 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 24 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 25 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 26 optics optic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 29 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 31 heavenly heavenly JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 32 bodies body NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 33 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 34 human human JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 35 behavior behavior NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 36 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 95 37 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 2 30 30 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 4 Later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 5 influence[edit influence[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 7 Through through IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 8 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 9 routes route NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 10 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 11 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 12 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 13 record record NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 16 Courts Courts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 18 Love[31 Love[31 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 19 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 22 later later JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 23 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 24 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 25 Petrarchism Petrarchism NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 27 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 28 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 29 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 31 continuing continue VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 32 influence influence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 33 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 34 Ovid),[5 Ovid),[5 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 35 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 37 themes theme NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 39 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 40 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 41 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 42 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 43 confined confine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 44 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 46 medieval medieval NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 48 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 49 appear appear VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 50 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 51 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 52 serious serious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 53 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 54 comic comic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 55 forms form NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 56 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 57 early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 58 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 59 Europe Europe NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 96 60 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 1 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 2 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 3 Romeo Romeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 5 Juliet Juliet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 7 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 8 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 10 shows show VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 11 Romeo Romeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 12 attempting attempt VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 13 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 14 love love VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 15 Rosaline Rosaline NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 17 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 18 almost almost RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 19 contrived contrive VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 20 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 21 fashion fashion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 22 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 23 Mercutio Mercutio NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 24 mocks mock VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 25 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 26 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 27 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 28 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 30 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 32 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 33 plays play NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 34 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 35 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 36 sonnets sonnet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 38 writer writer NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 39 can can MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 40 be be VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 41 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 42 appropriating appropriate VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 44 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 45 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 46 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 47 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 48 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 49 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 50 own own JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 51 ends end NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 97 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 2 32 32 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 4 Paul Paul NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 5 Gallico Gallico NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 6 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 7 1939 1939 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 8 novel novel NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 10 Adventures adventure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 12 Hiram Hiram NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 13 Holliday Holliday NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 14 depicts depict VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 16 Romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 17 modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 18 American American NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 19 consciously consciously RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 20 seeking seek VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 22 model model VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 23 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 26 ideal ideal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 27 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 28 knight knight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 98 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 1 Among among IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 2 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 3 things thing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 5 when when WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 6 finding find VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 7 himself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 9 Austria Austria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 12 aftermath aftermath NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 15 Anschluss Anschluss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 17 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 18 saves save VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 19 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 20 Habsburg Habsburg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 21 princess princess NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 22 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 23 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 24 threatened threaten VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 27 Nazis Nazis NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 29 acts act VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 30 towards towards IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 31 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 33 strict strict JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 34 accordance accordance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 35 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 37 maxims maxim NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 38 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 39 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 40 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 41 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 42 finally finally RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 43 wins win VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 44 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 45 after after IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 46 fighting fight VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 47 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 48 duel duel NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 49 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 50 her -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 51 aristocratic aristocratic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 52 betrothed betrothed NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 99 53 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 1 Points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 3 controversy[edit controversy[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 5 Sexuality[edit sexuality[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 6 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 7 Part part NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 9 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 10 series series NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 12 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 13 Types Types NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 15 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 16 Affection Affection NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 17 Bonding bond VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 18 Broken Broken NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 19 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 20 Compassionate compassionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 21 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 22 Conjugal Conjugal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 23 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 24 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 25 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 26 courtship courtship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 27 troubadours troubadour VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 28 Falling fall VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 30 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 31 Friendship friendship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 32 cross cross JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 33 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 34 sex sex JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 35 romantic romantic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 36 zone zone NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 37 Interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 38 relationship relationship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 39 Intimacy Intimacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 40 Limerence Limerence NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 41 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 42 addiction addiction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 43 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 44 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 45 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 46 sight sight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 47 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 48 triangle triangle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 49 Lovesickness Lovesickness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 50 Lovestruck Lovestruck NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 51 Obsessive obsessive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 52 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 53 Passion Passion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 54 Platonic Platonic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 55 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 56 Puppy Puppy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 57 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 58 Relationship Relationship NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 59 Romance Romance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 60 Self Self NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 61 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 62 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 63 Amour Amour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 64 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 65 soi soi NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 66 Unconditional unconditional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 67 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 68 Unrequited unrequite VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 69 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 70 Social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 71 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 72 Anarchist Anarchist NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 73 Free free JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 74 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 75 Chinese Chinese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 76 Ren Ren NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 77 Yuanfen Yuanfen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 78 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 79 Amour Amour NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 80 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 81 propre propre JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 82 Greek greek JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 83 words word NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 84 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 85 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 86 Agape Agape NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 87 Eros Eros NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 88 Ludus Ludus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 89 Mania Mania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 90 Philautia Philautia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 91 Philia Philia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 92 Philos Philos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 93 Pragma Pragma NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 94 Storge Storge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 95 Xenia Xenia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 96 Indian Indian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 97 Kama Kama NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 98 Bhakti Bhakti NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 99 Maitrī Maitrī NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 100 Islamic Islamic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 101 Ishq Ishq NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 102 Jewish Jewish NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 103 Chesed chese VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 104 Latin Latin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 105 Amore Amore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 106 Charity Charity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 107 Portuguese Portuguese NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 108 Saudade Saudade NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 109 Yaghan Yaghan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 110 Mamihlapinatapai Mamihlapinatapai NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 111 Concepts Concepts NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 112 Color color NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 113 wheel wheel NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 114 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 115 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 116 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 117 Biological biological JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 118 basis basis NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 119 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 120 letter letter NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 121 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 122 magic magic NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 123 Valentine Valentine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 124 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 125 Day Day NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 126 Philosophy Philosophy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 127 Religious religious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 128 views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 129 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 130 deities deity NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 131 Mere mere JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 132 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 133 exposure exposure NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 134 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 135 Similarity Similarity NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 136 Physical Physical NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 137 attractiveness attractiveness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 138 Triangular Triangular NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 139 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 140 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 141 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 142 v v NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 143 t t NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 144 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 145 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 146 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 147 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 148 ongoing ongoing JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 149 controversy controversy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 150 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 151 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 152 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 153 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 154 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 155 what what WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 156 extent extent NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 157 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 158 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 159 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 100 160 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 1 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 2 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 3 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 4 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 5 erotic erotic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 6 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 7 some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 8 degree degree NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 11 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 12 purely purely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 13 platonic platonic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 14 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 16 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 17 speak speak VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 20 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 21 beauty beauty NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 23 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 24 ladies lady NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 27 feelings feeling NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 29 desires desire VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 31 ladies lady NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 32 arouse arouse VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 33 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 34 them -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 101 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 3 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 5 unclear unclear JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 6 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 8 poet poet NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 9 should should MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 10 do do VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 11 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 12 live live VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 14 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 16 perpetual perpetual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 17 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 18 channeling channel VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 19 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 20 energies energy NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 22 higher high JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 23 ends end NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 25 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 26 physically physically RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 27 consummate consummate VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 102 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 1 Scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 2 have have VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 3 seen see VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 4 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 5 both both DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 6 ways way NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 103 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 1 Denis Denis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 3 Rougemont Rougemont NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 4 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 5 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 7 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 8 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 9 influenced influence VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 11 Cathar Cathar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 12 doctrines doctrine NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 13 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 14 rejected reject VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 15 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 16 pleasures pleasure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 19 flesh flesh NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 21 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 22 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 23 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 24 metaphorically metaphorically RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 25 addressing address VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 27 spirit spirit NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 28 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 29 soul soul NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 31 their -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 32 ladies lady NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 104 33 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 1 Rougemont Rougemont NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 2 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 3 said say VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 4 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 5 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 6 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 7 subscribed subscribe VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 10 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 12 chivalry chivalry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 15 therefore therefore RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 16 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 17 knight knight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 18 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 19 loyalty loyalty NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 20 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 21 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 22 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 24 King King NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 25 before before IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 26 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 27 mistress mistress NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 105 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 2 22 22 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 4 Edmund Edmund NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 5 Reiss Reiss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 6 claimed claim VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 7 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 8 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 9 also also RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 11 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 12 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 14 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 16 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 17 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 18 had have VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 19 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 21 common common JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 22 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 23 Christian christian JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 24 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 26 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 27 caritas caritas NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 106 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 2 33 33 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 4 On on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 6 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 7 hand hand NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 9 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 10 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 11 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 12 Mosché Mosché NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 13 Lazar Lazar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 14 claim claim VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 15 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 16 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 17 adulterous adulterous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 18 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 19 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 20 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 21 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 22 possession possession NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 24 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 25 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 27 desired desire VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 28 end end NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 107 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 2 34 34 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 4 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 5 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 6 identify identify VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 7 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 8 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 9 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 12 pure pure JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 13 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 15 described describe VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 17 1184 1184 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 18 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 19 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 21 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 22 amore amore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 23 libri libri NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 24 tres tre NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 26 It -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 27 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 29 pure pure JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 30 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 31 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 32 binds bind VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 33 together together RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 34 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 35 hearts heart NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 36 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 37 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 38 lovers lover NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 39 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 40 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 41 feeling feeling NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 43 delight delight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 108 44 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 2 kind kind NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 3 consists consist VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 6 contemplation contemplation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 9 mind mind NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 12 affection affection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 15 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 16 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 17 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 18 goes go VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 19 as as RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 20 far far RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 22 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 23 kiss kiss NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 26 embrace embrace NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 27 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 29 modest modest JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 30 contact contact NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 31 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 33 nude nude JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 34 lover lover NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 36 omitting omit VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 38 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 39 solace solace NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 41 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 42 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 43 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 44 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 45 permitted permit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 46 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 47 those those DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 48 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 49 wish wish VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 50 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 51 love love VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 52 purely purely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 53 .... .... . en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 54 That that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 55 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 56 called call VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 57 mixed mixed JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 58 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 59 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 60 gets get VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 61 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 62 effect effect NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 63 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 64 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 65 delight delight NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 66 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 67 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 68 flesh flesh NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 69 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 70 culminates culminate NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 71 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 72 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 73 final final JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 74 act act NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 75 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 76 Venus Venus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 109 77 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 2 35 35 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 4 Within within IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 6 corpus corpus NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 8 troubadour troubadour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 9 poems poem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 10 there there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 11 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 12 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 13 wide wide JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 14 range range NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 16 attitudes attitude NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 18 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 19 across across IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 21 works work NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 22 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 23 individual individual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 24 poets poet NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 110 25 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 2 poems poem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 3 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 4 physically physically RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 5 sensual sensual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 7 even even RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 8 bawdily bawdily RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 9 imagining imagine VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 10 nude nude JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 11 embraces embrace NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 13 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 14 others other NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 15 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 16 highly highly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 17 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 18 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 19 border border NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 20 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 22 platonic platonic NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 111 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 4 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 5 lyrical lyrical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 6 use use NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 9 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 10 midons midon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 12 borrowed borrow VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 13 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 14 Guilhem Guilhem NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 15 de de FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 16 Poitou Poitou NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 18 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 19 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 21 address address VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 22 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 23 listeners listener NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 24 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 26 lords lord NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 27 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 28 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 31 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 34 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 35 alike alike RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 112 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 1 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 2 sort sort NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 4 hermaphroditic hermaphroditic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 5 code code NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 6 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 8 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 9 senhan senhan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 11 scholar scholar NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 12 Meg Meg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 13 Bogin Bogin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 14 writes write VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 17 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 18 meanings meaning NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 19 behind behind IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 20 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 21 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 22 allowed allow VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 23 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 24 covert covert JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 25 form form NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 26 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 27 flattery flattery NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 28 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 29 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 30 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 31 refusing refuse VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 32 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 33 disclose disclose VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 34 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 35 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 36 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 37 name name NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 38 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 40 troubadour troubadour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 41 permitted permit VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 42 every every DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 43 woman woman NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 44 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 46 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 48 notably notably RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 49 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 50 patron patron NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 51 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 52 wife wife NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 53 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 54 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 55 think think VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 56 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 57 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 58 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 59 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 60 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 61 then then RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 62 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 63 besides besides IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 64 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 65 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 66 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 67 object object NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 69 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 70 secret secret JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 71 passion passion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 72 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 73 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 74 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 75 always always RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 76 covert covert JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 77 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 78 — — : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 79 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 80 making make VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 81 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 82 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 83 lord lord NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 84 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 85 flashed flash VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 86 her -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 87 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 88 aggrandized aggrandized JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 89 image image NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 90 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 91 herself -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 92 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 93 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 94 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 95 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 96 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 97 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 98 just just RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 99 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 100 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 101 woman woman NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 102 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 103 she -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 104 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 105 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 106 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 113 107 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 3 37 37 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 5 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 6 points point NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 8 multiple multiple JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 9 meaning meaning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 11 ambiguity ambiguity NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 12 facilitated facilitate VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 13 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 14 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 15 coquetry coquetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 17 class class NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 20 allowing allow VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 22 male male JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 23 troubadours troubadour NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 24 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 25 use use VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 27 images image NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 28 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 29 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 30 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 31 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 32 means means NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 33 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 34 gain gain VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 35 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 36 status status NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 37 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 38 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 39 men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 40 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 41 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 42 simultaneously simultaneously RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 43 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 44 Bogin Bogin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 45 suggests suggest VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 47 voiced voice VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 48 deeper deep JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 49 longings longing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 50 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 51 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 52 audience audience NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 53 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 54 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 55 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 56 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 57 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 58 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 59 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 60 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 61 expressed express VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 62 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 63 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 65 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 66 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 67 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 68 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 69 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 70 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 71 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 72 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 73 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 74 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 75 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 76 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 77 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 78 static static JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 79 hierarchy hierarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 80 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 81 feudalism feudalism NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 82 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 83 uprooted uproot VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 84 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 85 transformed transform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 86 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 87 express express VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 88 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 89 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 90 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 91 motion motion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 92 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 93 transformation transformation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 114 94 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 2 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 3 38 38 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 5 Real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 7 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 8 practice[edit practice[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 9 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 11 continued continue VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 12 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 14 controversy controversy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 15 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 16 whether whether IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 17 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 18 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 19 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 20 purely purely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 21 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 22 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 23 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 24 actually actually RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 25 practiced practice VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 26 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 27 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 28 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 115 29 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 1 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 2 are be VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 3 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 4 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 5 records record NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 6 that that WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 7 offer offer VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 8 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 10 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 11 presence presence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 13 reality reality NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 116 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 1 Historian Historian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 2 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 3 Benton Benton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 4 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 5 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 6 documentary documentary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 7 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 9 law law NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 10 codes code NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 12 court court NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 13 cases case NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 15 chronicles chronicle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 16 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 17 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 18 historical historical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 19 documents document NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 117 20 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 4 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 7 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 10 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 11 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 12 fiction fiction JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 13 genre genre NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 14 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 15 courtesy courtesy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 16 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 17 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 18 perhaps perhaps RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 19 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 20 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 21 its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 22 practice practice NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 118 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 2 example example NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 4 according accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 6 Christine Christine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 7 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 8 Pizan Pizan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 9 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 10 courtesy courtesy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 11 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 12 Book Book NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 15 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 16 Virtues Virtues NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 18 c. c. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 19 1405 1405 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 20 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 21 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 22 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 23 expresses express VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 24 disapproval disapproval NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 26 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 27 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 29 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 30 convention convention NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 31 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 32 being be VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 33 used use VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 34 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 35 justify justify VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 37 cover cover VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 38 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 39 illicit illicit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 40 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 41 affairs affair NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 119 42 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 2 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 3 probably probably RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 4 found find VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 5 expression expression NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 8 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 9 world world NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 10 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 11 customs custom NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 12 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 15 crowning crowning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 17 Queens Queens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 18 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 19 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 20 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 21 Beauty Beauty NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 22 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 23 tournaments tournament NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 120 24 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 1 Philip Philip NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 2 le le FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 3 Bon Bon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 7 Feast Feast NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 10 Pheasant Pheasant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 11 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 12 1454 1454 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 14 relied rely VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 15 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 16 parables parable NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 17 drawn draw VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 18 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 19 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 20 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 21 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 22 incite incite VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 23 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 24 nobles noble NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 25 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 26 swear swear VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 27 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 28 participate participate VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 29 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 30 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 31 anticipated anticipate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 32 crusade crusade NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 33 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 34 while while IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 35 well well RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 36 into into IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 37 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 38 15th 15th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 39 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 40 numerous numerous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 41 actual actual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 42 political political JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 44 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 45 conventions convention NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 46 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 47 largely largely RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 48 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 49 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 50 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 51 formulas formula NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 52 dictated dictate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 53 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 54 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 55 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 56 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 57 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 58 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 59 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 60 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 121 61 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 2 citation citation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 3 needed need VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 4 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 5 Courts Courts NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 7 love[edit love[edit CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 8 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 9 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 10 point point NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 12 controversy controversy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 13 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 15 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 18 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 20 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 23 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 24 mentioned mention VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 25 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 26 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 27 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 122 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 1 These these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 2 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 3 supposed suppose VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 4 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 5 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 6 up up RP en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 8 tribunals tribunal NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 9 staffed staff VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 10 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 11 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 12 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 13 70 70 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 14 women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 15 who who WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 16 would would MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 17 hear hear VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 18 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 19 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 21 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 22 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 23 rule rule VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 24 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 25 it -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 26 based base VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 27 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 28 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 29 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 30 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 31 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 123 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 2 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 3 19th 19th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 4 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 6 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 7 took take VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 9 existence existence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 11 these these DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 12 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 13 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 14 fact fact NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 16 but but CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 17 later later RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 18 historians historian NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 19 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 20 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 21 Benton Benton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 22 noted note VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 23 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 24 none none NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 26 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 27 abundant abundant JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 28 letters letter NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 30 chronicles chronicle NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 31 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 32 songs song NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 33 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 34 pious pious JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 35 dedications dedication NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 37 suggest suggest VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 38 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 39 ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 40 existed exist VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 41 outside outside RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 42 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 43 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 44 poetic poetic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 45 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 124 46 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 2 39 39 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 4 According accord VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 5 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 6 Diane Diane NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 7 Bornstein Bornstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 9 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 10 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 11 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 12 reconcile reconcile VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 13 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 14 differences difference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 15 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 16 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 17 references reference NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 18 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 19 courts court NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 21 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 23 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 24 literature literature NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 26 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 27 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 28 lack lack NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 30 documentary documentary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 31 evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 32 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 33 real real JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 34 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 36 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 37 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 38 they -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 39 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 40 like like IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 41 literary literary JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 42 salons salon NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 43 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 44 social social JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 45 gatherings gathering NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 47 where where WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 48 people people NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 49 read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 50 poems poem NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 51 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 52 debated debate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 53 questions question NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 55 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 56 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 57 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 58 played play VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 59 word word NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 60 games game NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 61 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 62 flirtation flirtation NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 125 63 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 2 36 36 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 4 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 5 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 7 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 8 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 10 canon canon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 11 law[edit law[edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 12 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 13 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 14 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 15 emphasized emphasize VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 16 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 17 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 18 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 19 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 20 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 21 spiritual spiritual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 22 rather rather RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 23 than than IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 24 sexual sexual JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 25 connection connection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 126 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 2 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 4 There there EX en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 5 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 6 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 7 possibility possibility NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 8 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 9 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 10 writings writing NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 11 not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 12 associated associate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 13 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 15 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 16 over over RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 17 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 18 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 19 were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 20 made make VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 21 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 22 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 23 response response NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 24 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 25 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 26 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 27 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 28 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 29 ideas idea NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 30 about about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 31 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 127 32 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 1 Many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 2 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 3 believe believe VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 4 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 5 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 6 ’ ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 7 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 9 De De NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 10 arte arte NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 11 honeste honeste NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 12 amandi amandi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 14 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 15 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 16 satire satire NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 17 poking poke VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 18 fun fun NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 19 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 20 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 21 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 128 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 2 that that DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 3 work work NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 5 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 6 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 7 supposedly supposedly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 8 writing write VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 9 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 10 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 11 young young JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 12 man man NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 13 named name VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 14 Walter Walter NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 17 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 18 spends spend VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 19 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 20 first first JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 21 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 22 books book NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 23 telling tell VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 24 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 25 how how WRB en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 26 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 27 achieve achieve VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 28 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 29 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 30 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 31 rules rule NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 33 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 129 34 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 1 However however RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 3 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 5 third third JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 6 book book NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 7 he -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 8 tells tell VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 9 him -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 10 that that IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 12 only only JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 13 way way NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 14 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 15 live live VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 16 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 17 life life NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 18 correctly correctly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 19 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 20 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 21 shun shun VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 22 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 23 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 24 favor favor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 25 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 26 God God NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 130 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 2 sudden sudden JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 3 change change NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 5 what what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 6 has have VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 7 sparked spark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 9 interest interest NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 11 many many JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 12 scholars scholar NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 131 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 1 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 2 41 41 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 4 Stages[edit Stages[edit `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 5 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 6 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 7 vignettes vignette VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 8 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 9 an an DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 10 ivory ivory JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 11 mirror mirror NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 12 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 13 case case NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 14 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 15 first first RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 16 third third NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 17 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 18 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 19 14th 14th JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 20 century century NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 22 Musée Musée NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 23 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 24 Louvre Louvre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 27 Adapted adapt VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 28 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 29 Barbara Barbara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 30 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 31 Tuchman)[42 Tuchman)[42 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 32 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 33 Attraction attraction NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 34 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 35 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 36 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 38 usually usually RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 39 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 40 eyes eye NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 41 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 42 glance glance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 43 Worship worship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 44 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 45 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 46 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 47 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 48 afar afar JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 49 Declaration Declaration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 50 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 51 passionate passionate JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 52 devotion devotion NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 53 Virtuous virtuous JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 54 rejection rejection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 55 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 56 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 57 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 58 Renewed renew VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 59 wooing woo VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 60 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 61 oaths oath NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 63 virtue virtue NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 64 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 65 eternal eternal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 66 fealty fealty NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 67 Moans Moans NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 68 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 69 approaching approach VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 70 death death NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 71 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 72 unsatisfied unsatisfied JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 73 desire desire NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 74 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 75 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 76 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 77 physical physical JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 78 manifestations manifestation NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 79 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 80 lovesickness lovesickness NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 81 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 82 Heroic heroic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 83 deeds deed NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 84 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 85 valor valor NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 86 which which WDT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 87 win win VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 88 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 89 lady lady NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 90 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 91 heart heart NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 92 Consummation Consummation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 93 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 94 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 95 secret secret JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 96 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 97 Endless endless JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 98 adventures adventure NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 99 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 100 subterfuges subterfuge NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 101 avoiding avoid VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 102 detection detection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 103 See see VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 104 also[edit also[edit NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 105 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 106 Cicisbeo Cicisbeo NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 107 Domnei Domnei NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 108 Dulcinea Dulcinea NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 109 References[edit references[edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 110 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 111 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 112 Stevens Stevens NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 113 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 114 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 115 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 116 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 117 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 132 118 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 1 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 3 Poetry Poetry NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 6 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 7 Tudor Tudor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 8 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 133 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 5 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 134 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 135 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 135 2 Newman Newman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 135 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 135 4 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 135 5 X. X. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 136 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 136 2 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 136 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 136 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 2 Meaning Meaning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 4 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 5 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 137 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 1 Albany Albany NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 3 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 6 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 7 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 138 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 5 Ousby Ousby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 7 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 8 213 213 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 10 sfn sfn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 11 error error NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 13 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 14 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 15 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 16 CITEREFOusby,_p._213 CITEREFOusby,_p._213 NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 18 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 20 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 21 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 22 X. X. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 23 Newman Newman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 25 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 139 26 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 140 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 140 2 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 140 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 140 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 2 Meaning Meaning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 4 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 5 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 7 vii vii NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 141 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 4 c c NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 5 d d NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 6 e e NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 7 f f NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 8 g g NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 9 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 10 Boase Boase NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 11 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 12 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 13 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 142 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 2 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 3 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 7 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 10 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 11 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 13 Vol Vol NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 143 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 144 1 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 144 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 144 3 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 144 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 145 1 667–668 667–668 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 145 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 2 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 4 C.S. C.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 7 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 9 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 12 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 146 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 2 1936 1936 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 4 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 5 Robertson Robertson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 6 Jr. Jr. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 8 D. D. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 9 W. W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 11 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 12 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 13 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 14 Doctrines Doctrines NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 16 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 17 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 19 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 20 Preface Preface NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 21 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 22 Chaucer Chaucer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 147 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 2 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 3 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 4 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 5 begins begin VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 6 his -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 7 review review NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 10 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 11 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 12 pitfalls pitfall NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 15 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 17 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 18 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 19 beginning beginning NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 20 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 21 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 22 term term NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 23 ' ' `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 24 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 25 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 26 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 27 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 28 commonly commonly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 29 placed place VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 30 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 31 one one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 32 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 33 two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 34 centuries century NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 36 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 37 nineteenth nineteenth NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 38 or or CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 39 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 40 twelfth twelfth NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 41 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 42 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 43 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 44 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 45 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 46 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 47 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 48 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 49 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 50 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 51 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 52 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 53 Problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 54 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 55 Terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 56 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 57 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 58 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 59 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 60 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 61 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 62 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 63 Ideas Ideas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 64 40.4 40.4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 65 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 66 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 67 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 68 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 69 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 70 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 148 71 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 149 1 621–632 621–632 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 149 2 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 149 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 2 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 3 Talbot Talbot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 4 Donaldson Donaldson NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 8 Myth Myth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 10 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 11 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 14 Speaking speak VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 16 Chaucer Chaucer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 17 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 18 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 19 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 20 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 21 Norton Norton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 23 1970 1970 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 25 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 26 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 150 27 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 151 1 154–163 154–163 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 151 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 4 c c NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 5 Busby Busby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 7 Keith Keith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 9 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 10 Christopher Christopher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 11 Kleinhenz Kleinhenz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 152 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 2 Arts art NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 5 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 7 Courtliness Courtliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 8 : : . en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 9 Selected select VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 10 Papers Papers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 13 Eleventh Eleventh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 14 Triennial Triennial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 15 Congress Congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 18 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 19 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 20 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 21 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 153 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 154 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 154 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 154 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 154 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 154 5 D.S. D.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 155 1 Brewer Brewer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 155 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 155 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 155 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 156 1 679 679 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 156 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 156 3 692 692 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 156 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 157 1 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 157 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 3 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 4 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 158 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 159 1 Middle middle JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 159 2 Ages.com ages.com ADD en-wikipedia-org-4784 159 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 1 2007 2007 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 3 05 05 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 5 16 16 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 160 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 161 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 3 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 4 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 6 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 7 origins origin NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 9 romance romance NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 10 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 162 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 163 1 Wsu.edu Wsu.edu NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 163 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 164 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 3 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 4 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 6 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 8 Silences silence NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 11 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 12 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 165 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 166 1 Employees.oneonta.edu Employees.oneonta.edu NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 166 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 167 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 4 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 6 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 7 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 8 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 9 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 10 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 168 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 169 1 Astro.umd.edu Astro.umd.edu NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 169 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 6 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 8 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 10 23 23 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 170 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 171 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 2 Ousby Ousby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 4 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 5 214 214 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 7 sfn sfn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 8 error error NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 10 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 11 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 12 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 13 CITEREFOusby,_p._214 CITEREFOusby,_p._214 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 14 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 15 help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 16 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 17 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 18 K. K. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 19 Clark Clark NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 21 Civilisation Civilisation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 22 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 23 1969 1969 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 24 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 25 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 26 64 64 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 27 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 28 G. G. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 29 E. E. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 30 von von NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 31 Grunebaum Grunebaum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 32 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 33 1952 1952 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 34 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 35 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 36 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 37 Avicenna Avicenna NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 38 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 39 Risâla Risâla NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 40 fî fî NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 41 ' ' POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 42 l-'išq l-'išq NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 43 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 44 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 45 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 46 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 47 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 48 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 49 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 50 Near Near NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 51 Eastern Eastern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 52 Studies Studies NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 53 11 11 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 54 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 55 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 56 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 57 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 58 233 233 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 59 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 60 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 61 [ [ -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 62 233 233 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 63 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 64 4 4 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 65 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 172 66 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 2 Menocal Menocal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 4 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 5 Rosa Rosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 173 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 2 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 3 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 4 Role Role NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 5 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 6 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 7 Literary Literary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 8 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 10 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 11 Forgotten Forgotten NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 12 Heritage Heritage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 174 14 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 175 1 Project Project NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 175 2 Muse Muse NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 175 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 176 1 Penn Penn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 176 2 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 176 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 177 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 177 2 24 24 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 177 3 January January NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 177 4 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 177 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 1 ^ ^ FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 3 Deirdre Deirdre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 4 O'Siodhachain O'Siodhachain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 6 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 7 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 9 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 10 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 178 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 179 1 Eleanorofaquitaine.net Eleanorofaquitaine.net NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 179 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 1 Archived archived JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 2 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 4 original original NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 5 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 6 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 7 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 8 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 10 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 180 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 1 Retrieved Retrieved NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 2 2010 2010 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 3 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 4 01 01 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 6 18 18 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 181 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 2 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 3 analysis analysis NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 4 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 5 heavily heavily RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 6 informed inform VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 7 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 9 Chivalric Chivalric NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 10 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 11 Matriarchal matriarchal NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 12 reading reading NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 14 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 15 love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 16 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 17 put put VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 18 forth forth RP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 19 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 20 critics critic NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 21 such such JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 22 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 23 Thomas Thomas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 24 Warton Warton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 25 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 26 Karl Karl NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 27 Vossler Vossler NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 182 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 1 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 2 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 3 considers consider VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 4 courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 5 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 6 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 7 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 8 intersection intersection NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 9 between between IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 10 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 11 theocratic theocratic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 12 Catholic Catholic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 13 Church Church NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 15 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 16 Germanic Germanic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 17 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 18 Celtic celtic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 19 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 20 Pictish pictish JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 21 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 22 matriarchy matriarchy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 183 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 1 For for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 2 more more JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 3 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 4 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 5 theory theory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 7 see see VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 8 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 9 Origin Origin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 10 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 11 Meaning Meaning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 12 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 13 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 14 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 16 Roger Roger NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 17 Boase Boase NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 19 pg pg NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 20 75 75 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 184 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 1 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 2 Deirdre Deirdre NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 3 O'Siodhachain O'Siodhachain NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 6 Practice Practice NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 8 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 9 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 10 Archived Archived NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 11 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 12 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 13 08 08 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 14 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 15 20 20 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 16 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 18 Wayback Wayback NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 19 Machine Machine NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 20 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 21 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 22 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 23 Denis Denis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 24 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 25 Rougemont Rougemont NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 27 1956 1956 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 29 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 30 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 31 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 32 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 33 Western Western NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 34 World World NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 185 35 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 186 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 186 2 Butterfield Butterfield NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 186 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 186 4 Ardis Ardis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 186 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 2 Vernacular vernacular JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 3 poetry poetry NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 5 music music NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 187 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 2 Companion Companion NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 3 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 4 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 5 Music Music NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 188 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 189 1 Ed Ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 189 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 190 1 Mark Mark NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 190 2 Everist Everist NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 190 3 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 5 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 7 2011 2011 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 191 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 192 1 209 209 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 192 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 2 Burgess Burgess NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 4 Glyn Glyn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 5 S S NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 6 .. .. NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 7 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 8 C'est C'est NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 9 le le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 10 Lay Lay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 11 dou dou FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 12 Lecheor Lecheor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 193 14 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 1 Three three CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 2 old old JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 3 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 4 narrative narrative NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 5 lays lay NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 7 Trot Trot NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 9 Lecheor Lecheor NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 11 Nabaret Nabaret NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 194 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 1 Liverpool liverpool NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 5 Liverpool Liverpool NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 7 Department Department NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 9 French French NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 10 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 11 1999 1999 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 195 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 196 1 67 67 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 196 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 197 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 197 2 Page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 197 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 197 4 Christopher Christopher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 197 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 1 Voices Voices NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 3 Instruments Instruments NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 6 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 7 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 198 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 1 London London NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 3 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 4 M. M. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 5 Dent Dent NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 7 Sons Sons NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 8 Ltd Ltd NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 10 1987 1987 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 199 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 2 Dorothy Dorothy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 3 Sayers Sayers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 4 trans tran NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 6 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 8 Purgatory purgatory NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 9 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 10 1971 1971 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 12 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 13 260 260 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 14 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 15 279 279 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 16 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 17 Mary Mary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 18 Dove Dove NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 20 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 21 Sex Sex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 22 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 23 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 24 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 25 Censorship censorship NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 27 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 28 Reconsideration Reconsideration NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 29 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 30 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 31 Commentaries Commentaries NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 32 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 33 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 34 Song Song NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 35 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 36 Songs Songs NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 37 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 38 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 39 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 40 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 41 Theology Theology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 42 10 10 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 43 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 44 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 45 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 46 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 47 317 317 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 48 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 49 319 319 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 50 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 51 320 320 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 200 52 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 2 Monica Monica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 3 Brzezinsky Brzezinsky NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 4 Potkay Potkay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 6 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 7 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 8 Limits limit NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 10 Romantic Romantic NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 11 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 13 Marie Marie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 14 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 15 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 16 's 's POS en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 17 Eliduc Eliduc NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 18 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 19 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 20 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 21 Perspectives perspective VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 22 9 9 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 23 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 24 1994 1994 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 25 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 26 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 27 135 135 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 201 28 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 202 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 202 2 Potkay Potkay NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 202 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 202 4 135 135 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 202 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 5 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 7 Summary Summary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 10 Text Text NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 11 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 12 Lori Lori NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 13 J. J. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 14 Walters Walters NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 203 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 1 Roman roman JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 2 de de NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 3 la la NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 4 Rose Rose NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 5 Digital Digital NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 6 Library Library NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 204 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 205 1 Accessed access VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 205 2 13 13 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 205 3 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 205 4 2012 2012 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 205 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 2 Helen Helen NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 3 Waddell Waddell NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 6 Wandering Wandering NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 7 Scholars Scholars NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 8 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 9 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 10 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 11 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 12 311 311 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 13 ^ ^ NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 14 William William NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 15 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 16 Carroll Carroll NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 17 ed ed NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 18 . . NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 20 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 21 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 22 Gentlemen gentleman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 23 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 24 Verona Verona NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 25 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 26 2004 2004 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 27 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 28 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 29 31 31 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 30 ^ ^ . en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 31 Edmund Edmund NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 32 Reiss Reiss NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 33 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 34 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 35 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 206 36 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 2 Fin'amors fin'amor NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 4 Its -PRON- PRP$ en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 5 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 6 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 7 Meaning mean VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 8 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 9 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 10 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 13 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 14 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 15 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 16 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 17 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 18 Renaissance Renaissance NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 19 Studies Studies NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 20 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 207 21 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 1 ^ ^ NFP en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 2 Mosché Mosché NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 3 Lazar Lazar NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 5 1964 1964 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 208 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 1 Amour amour JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 2 courtois courtois NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 3 et et FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 5 fin'amors fin'amors NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 6 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 7 dans dan VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 8 le le NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 9 littérature littérature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 10 du du NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 11 XII XII NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 12 siècle siècle NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 209 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 2 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 3 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 6 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 8 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 9 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 11 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 12 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 13 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 14 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 15 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 16 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 17 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 18 1964 1964 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 19 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 21 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 22 122 122 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 210 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 3 b b NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 4 Dian Dian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 5 Bornstein Bornstein NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 7 1986 1986 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 8 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 211 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 2 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 3 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 6 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 7 Dictionary Dictionary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 8 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 10 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 11 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 13 volume volume NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 14 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 16 pp.668 pp.668 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 17 - - : en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 18 674 674 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 212 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 2 Bogin Bogin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 4 Meg Meg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 6 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 213 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 214 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 214 2 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 214 3 Troubadours troubadour VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 214 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 4 W.W. W.W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 5 Norton Norton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 6 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 7 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 9 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 10 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 215 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 216 1 49–50 49–50 LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 216 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 5 393 393 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 7 00965 00965 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 217 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 2 Bogin Bogin NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 4 Meg Meg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 5 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 6 1980 1980 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 7 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 218 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 219 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 219 2 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 219 3 Troubadours troubadour VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 219 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 1 W.W. W.W. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 2 Norton Norton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 3 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 4 Company Company NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 6 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 8 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 9 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 220 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 221 1 p. p. NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 221 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 221 3 56 56 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 221 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 5 393 393 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 7 00965 00965 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 9 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 222 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 2 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 3 b b NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 5 F. F. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 6 Benton Benton NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 8 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 9 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 10 Evidence evidence NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 11 for for IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 12 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 13 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 14 Re Re NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 15 - - , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 16 examined examine VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 17 Again Again NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 18 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 19 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 20 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 21 Studies Studies NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 22 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 23 Philology Philology NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 24 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 25 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 26 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 27 1962 1962 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 28 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 29 ; ; : en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 30 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 31 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 32 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 33 Court Court NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 34 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 35 Champagne Champagne NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 36 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 37 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 38 Literary Literary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 39 Center Center NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 40 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 41 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 42 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 43 Speculum Speculum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 44 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 45 36(1961 36(1961 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 46 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 223 47 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 224 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 224 2 Brundage Brundage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 224 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 224 4 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 224 5 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 225 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 225 2 1996 1996 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 225 3 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 225 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 226 1 Sex Sex NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 226 2 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 226 3 Canon Canon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 226 4 Law Law NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 226 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 227 1 Bullough Bullough NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 227 2 & & CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 227 3 Brundage Brundage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 227 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 228 1 pp pp NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 228 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 229 1 33–50 33–50 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 229 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 2 Moore Moore NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 4 John John NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 5 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 6 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 7 Oct Oct NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 8 – – : en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 9 Dec Dec NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 10 1979 1979 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 230 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 2 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 3 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 4 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 6 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 7 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 8 Problem problem NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 9 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 10 Terminology terminology NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 11 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 231 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 1 Journal Journal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 2 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 3 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 4 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 6 Ideas Ideas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 232 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 233 1 40 40 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 233 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 233 3 621–632 621–632 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 233 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 234 1 doi:10.2307/2709362 doi:10.2307/2709362 FW en-wikipedia-org-4784 234 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 1 ^ ^ NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 2 Tuchman Tuchman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 4 Barbara Barbara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 5 Wertheim Wertheim NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 7 A a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 8 Distant Distant NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 9 Mirror Mirror NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 12 Calamitous Calamitous NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 13 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 14 Century Century NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 15 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 16 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 17 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 18 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 19 Knopf Knopf NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 20 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 21 1978 1978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 22 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 235 23 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 3 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 5 394 394 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 7 40026 40026 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 8 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 9 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 236 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 1 Sources[edit sources[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 2 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 3 Ousby Ousby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 5 I. I. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 7 ed ed NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 9 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 10 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 11 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 12 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 14 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 15 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 16 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 17 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 18 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 19 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 20 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 21 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 22 1995 1995 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 23 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 24 Further further JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 25 reading[edit reading[edit LS en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 26 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 27 Duby Duby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 28 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 29 Georges Georges NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 237 30 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 2 Knight Knight NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 5 Lady Lady NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 9 Priest Priest NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 10 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 11 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 12 Making making NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 13 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 14 Modern modern JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 15 Marriage Marriage NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 16 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 17 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 18 France France NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 238 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 239 1 Translated translate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 239 2 by by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 239 3 Barbara Barbara NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 239 4 Bray Bray NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 239 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 4 Pantheon Pantheon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 5 Books Books NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 7 1983 1983 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 240 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 2 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 4 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 6 226 226 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 8 16768 16768 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 10 2 2 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 241 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 242 1 Frisardi Frisardi NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 242 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 242 3 Andrew Andrew NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 242 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 2 Young Young NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 3 Dante Dante NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 4 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 6 One one CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 7 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 8 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 9 Two two CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 10 Lectures lecture NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 11 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 13 Vita Vita NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 14 Nova Nova NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 243 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 244 1 Temenos Temenos NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 244 2 Academy Academy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 244 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 244 4 2013 2013 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 244 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 1 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 2   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 3 978 978 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 4 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 5 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 6 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 7 9564078 9564078 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 8 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 9 8 8 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 10 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 11 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 245 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 246 1 Gaunt Gaunt NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 246 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 246 3 Simon Simon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 246 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 2 Marginal Marginal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 3 Men Men NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 5 Marcabru Marcabru NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 8 Orthodoxy Orthodoxy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 10 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 11 Early early JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 12 Troubadours Troubadours NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 14 Adultery Adultery NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 15 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 247 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 1 Medium Medium NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 2 Aevum Aevum NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 3 59 59 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 4 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 5 1990 1990 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 6 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 7 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 8 55–71 55–71 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 248 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 1 Lewis Lewis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 3 C. C. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 4 S. S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 5 The The NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 6 Allegory Allegory NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 8 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 9 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 10 A A NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 11 Study Study NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 12 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 13 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 14 Tradition Tradition NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 249 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 3 Clarendon Clarendon NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 6 1936 1936 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 250 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 2 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 4 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 6 19 19 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 8 281220 281220 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 10 3 3 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 12 Lupack Lupack NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 14 Alan Alan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 251 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 2 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 3 Guide Guide NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 4 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 5 Arthurian Arthurian NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 6 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 7 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 8 Legend Legend NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 252 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 1 Oxford Oxford NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 6 2005 2005 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 253 7 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 254 1 Menocal Menocal NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 254 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 254 3 Maria Maria NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 254 4 Rosa Rosa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 254 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 2 Arabic arabic JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 3 Role Role NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 4 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 5 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 6 Literary Literary NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 7 History History NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 255 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 1 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 3 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 4 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 5 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 8 2003 2003 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 256 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 2 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 4 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 6 8122 8122 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 8 1324 1324 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 9 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 10 6 6 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 12 Murray Murray NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 14 Jacqueline Jacqueline NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 257 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 1 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 3 Marriage marriage NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 4 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 5 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 6 Family family NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 7 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 9 Middle Middle NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 10 Ages Ages NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 258 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 1 Canada Canada NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 3 Broadview Broadview NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 4 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 5 Ltd. Ltd. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 7 2001 2001 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 259 8 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 260 1 Newman Newman NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 260 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 260 3 Francis Francis NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 260 4 X. X. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 2 Meaning Meaning NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 4 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 5 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 261 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 1 Albany Albany NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 3 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 6 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 7 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 8 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 10 1968 1968 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 262 11 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 2 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 4 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 6 87395 87395 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 8 038 038 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 10 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 12 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 14 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 263 15 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 1 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 2 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 3 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 4 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 5 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 264 6 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 1 New New NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 2 York York NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 3 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 4 Columbia Columbia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 5 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 6 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 8 1964 1964 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 265 9 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 1 Schultz Schultz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 3 James James NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 4 A. A. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 5 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 6 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 7 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 9 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 10 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 11 Courtliness Courtliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 14 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 15 History history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 17 Sexuality Sexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 18 ' ' '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 266 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 1 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 2 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 3 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 4 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 5 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 6 Chicago Chicago NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 7 Press Press NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 8 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 9 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 267 10 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 1 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 2 ISBN ISBN NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 3   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 4 0 0 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 5 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 6 226 226 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 7 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 8 74089 74089 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 10 7 7 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 11 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 12 Busby Busby NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 14 Keith Keith NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 16 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 17 Christopher Christopher NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 18 Kleinhenz Kleinhenz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 268 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 1 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 2 Arts art NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 4 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 5 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 6 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 7 Courtliness Courtliness NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 8 : : . en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 9 Selected select VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 10 Papers Papers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 11 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 12 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 13 Eleventh Eleventh NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 14 Triennial Triennial NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 15 Congress Congress NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 16 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 17 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 18 International International NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 19 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 20 Literature Literature NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 21 Society Society NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 269 22 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 270 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 270 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 270 3 MA MA NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 270 4 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 270 5 D.S. D.S. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 271 1 Brewer Brewer NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 271 2 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 271 3 2006 2006 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 271 4 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 272 1 679–692 679–692 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 272 2 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 1 External External NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 2 links[edit links[edit , en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 3 ] ] -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 4 Michael Michael NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 5 Delahoyde Delahoyde NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 7 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 8 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 9 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 10 Washington Washington NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 11 State State NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 12 University University NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 273 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 1 Andreas Andreas NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 2 Capellanus Capellanus NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 3 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 4 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 5 The the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 6 Art art NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 8 Courtly Courtly NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 9 Love love NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 10 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 11 btw btw RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 274 12 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 1 1174 1174 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 2 - - SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 3 1186 1186 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 4 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 5 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 6 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 7 extracts extract VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 8 via via IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 10 Internet Internet NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 11 Medieval Medieval NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 12 Sourcebook Sourcebook NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 275 13 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 276 1 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 276 2 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 276 3 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 276 4 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 276 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 277 1 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 277 2 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 277 3 Britannica Britannica NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 277 4 Online Online NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 277 5 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 1 Richard Richard NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 2 Utz Utz NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 3 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 4 Were be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 5 Women woman NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 6 Ever ever RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 7 Sacred sacred JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 278 8 ? ? . en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 1 Some some DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 2 Medieval medieval JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 3 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 4 Modern Modern NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 5 Men man NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 6 Would Would MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 7 Like like VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 8 Us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 9 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 10 Think think VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 11 So so RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 12 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 13 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 14 medievalists.net medievalists.net NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 15 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 16 14 14 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 17 October October NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 18 2018 2018 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 19 Retrieved retrieve VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 20 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 21 " " `` en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 22 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Courtly_love&oldid=991350679 https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Courtly_love&oldid=991350679 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 23 " " '' en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 24 Categories Categories NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 25 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 26 Courtly courtly RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 27 love love VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 28 Heterosexuality Heterosexuality NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 29 Love Love NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 30 Interpersonal interpersonal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 31 relationships relationship NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 32 Hidden hide VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 33 categories category NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 34 : : : en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 35 Harv Harv NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 36 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 37 Sfn Sfn NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 38 no no DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 39 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 40 target target NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 41 errors error NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 42 Webarchive webarchive JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 43 template template NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 44 wayback wayback NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 45 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 46 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 47 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 48 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 49 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 50 post post NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 51 1500)-language 1500)-language CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 52 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 53 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 54 containing contain VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 55 French french JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 56 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 57 language language NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 58 text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 59 All all DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 60 articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 61 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 62 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 63 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 64 Articles article NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 65 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 66 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 67 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 68 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 69 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 70 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 71 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 72 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 73 specifically specifically RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 74 marked mark VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 75 weasel weasel NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 76 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 77 worded word VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 78 phrases phrase NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 79 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 80 March March NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 81 2019 2019 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 82 Articles Articles NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 83 with with IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 84 unsourced unsourced JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 85 statements statement NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 86 from from IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 87 August August NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 88 2008 2008 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 89 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 90 menu menu NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 91 Personal personal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 92 tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 93 Not not RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 94 logged log VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 95 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 96 Talk Talk NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 97 Contributions Contributions NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 98 Create Create NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 99 account account NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 100 Log Log NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 101 in in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 102 Namespaces Namespaces NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 103 Article Article NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 104 Talk talk NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 105 Variants variant VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 106 Views view NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 107 Read read VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 108 Edit edit NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 109 View View NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 110 history history NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 111 More More JJR en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 112 Search Search NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 113 Navigation Navigation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 114 Main Main NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 115 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 116 Contents content VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 117 Current current JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 118 events event NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 119 Random random JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 120 article article NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 121 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 122 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 123 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 124 us -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 125 Donate Donate NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 126 Contribute contribute NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 127 Help help NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 128 Learn learn VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 129 to to TO en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 130 edit edit VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 131 Community community NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 132 portal portal JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 133 Recent recent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 134 changes change NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 135 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 136 file file NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 137 Tools tool NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 138 What what WP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 139 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 140 here here RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 141 Related relate VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 142 changes change VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 143 Upload upload JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 144 file file VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 145 Special special JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 146 pages page NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 147 Permanent permanent JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 148 link link NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 149 Page Page NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 150 information information NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 151 Cite cite VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 152 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 153 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 154 Wikidata wikidata NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 155 item item NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 156 Print print NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 157 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 158 export export NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 159 Download Download NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 160 as as IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 161 PDF PDF NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 162 Printable Printable NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 163 version version NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 164 In in IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 165 other other JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 166 projects project NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 167 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 168 Commons Commons NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 169 Languages Languages NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 170 Alemannisch Alemannisch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 171 العربية العربية NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 172 Български Български NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 173 Català Català NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 174 Cymraeg Cymraeg NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 175 Deutsch Deutsch NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 176 Español Español NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 177 Esperanto Esperanto NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 178 فارسی فارسی JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 179 Français Français NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 180 Galego Galego NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 181 한국어 한국어 NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 182 Hrvatski Hrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 183 Bahasa Bahasa NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 184 Indonesia Indonesia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 185 Italiano Italiano NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 186 ქართული ქართული NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 187 Lietuvių Lietuvių NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 188 Lumbaart Lumbaart NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 189 Nederlands Nederlands NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 190 日本語 日本語 NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 191 Occitan Occitan NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 192 Polski Polski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 193 Português Português NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 194 Română Română NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 195 Русский Русский NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 196 Simple Simple NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 197 English English NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 198 Српски Српски NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 199 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 200 srpski srpski JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 201 Srpskohrvatski Srpskohrvatski NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 202 / / SYM en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 203 српскохрватски српскохрватски NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 204 Svenska Svenska NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 205 Українська Українська NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 206 中文 中文 NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 207 Edit Edit NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 208 links link NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 209 This this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 210 page page NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 211 was be VBD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 212 last last RB en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 213 edited edit VBN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 214 on on IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 215 29 29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 216 November November NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 217 2020 2020 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 218 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 219 at at IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 220 16:29 16:29 CD en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 221   _SP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 222 ( ( -LRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 223 UTC UTC NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 224 ) ) -RRB- en-wikipedia-org-4784 279 225 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 1 Text text NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 2 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 3 available available JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 4 under under IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 5 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 6 Creative Creative NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 7 Commons Commons NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 8 Attribution Attribution NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 9 - - HYPH en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 10 ShareAlike ShareAlike NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 11 License License NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 12 ; ; , en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 13 additional additional JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 14 terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 15 may may MD en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 16 apply apply VB en-wikipedia-org-4784 280 17 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 1 By by IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 2 using use VBG en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 3 this this DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 4 site site NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 5 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 6 you -PRON- PRP en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 7 agree agree VBP en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 8 to to IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 9 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 10 Terms term NNS en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 11 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 12 Use Use NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 13 and and CC en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 14 Privacy Privacy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 15 Policy Policy NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 281 16 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 2 ® ® NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 3 is be VBZ en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 4 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 5 registered registered JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 6 trademark trademark NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 7 of of IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 8 the the DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 9 Wikimedia Wikimedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 10 Foundation Foundation NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 11 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 12 Inc. Inc. NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 13 , , , en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 14 a a DT en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 15 non non JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 16 - - JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 17 profit profit JJ en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 18 organization organization NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 282 19 . . . en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 1 Privacy privacy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 2 policy policy NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 3 About about IN en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 5 Disclaimers Disclaimers NNPS en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 6 Contact Contact NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 7 Wikipedia Wikipedia NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 8 Mobile Mobile NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 9 view view NN en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 10 Developers Developers NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 11 Statistics Statistics NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 12 Cookie Cookie NNP en-wikipedia-org-4784 283 13 statement statement NN