Tribuni militum consulari potestate - Wikipedia Tribuni militum consulari potestate From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Ancient Rome This article is part of a series on the politics and government of ancient Rome Periods Roman Kingdom 753–509 BC Roman Republic 509–27 BC Roman Empire 27 BC – AD 395 Principate 27 BC – AD 284 Dominate AD 284–641 Western AD 395–476 Eastern AD 395–1453 Timeline Roman Constitution Constitution of the Kingdom Constitution of the Republic Constitution of the Empire Constitution of the Late Empire Senate Legislative assemblies Executive magistrates Precedent and law Roman law Ius Imperium Mos maiorum Collegiality Auctoritas Roman citizenship Cursus honorum Senatus consultum Senatus consultum ultimum Assemblies Centuriate Curiate Plebeian Tribal Ordinary magistrates Consul Praetor Quaestor Promagistrate Aedile Tribune Censor Governor Extraordinary magistrates Corrector Dictator Magister equitum Consular tribune Rex Triumviri Decemviri Titles and honours Emperor Legatus Dux Officium Praeses Praefectus Vicarius Vigintisexviri Lictor Magister militum Imperator Princeps senatus Pontifex maximus Augustus Caesar Tetrarch Other countries v t e The tribuni militum consulari potestate ("military tribunes with consular power"), in English commonly also Consular Tribunes, were tribunes elected with consular power during the so-called "Conflict of the Orders" in the Roman Republic, starting in 444 BC and then continuously from 408 BC to 394 BC and again from 391 BC to 367 BC. Contents 1 Origin and dissolution of the office 2 Consular Tribunes by year 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References Origin and dissolution of the office[edit] According to the histories of Livy and Dionysius of Halicarnassus,[citation needed] the magistracy of the tribuni militum consulari potestate was created during the Conflict of the Orders, along with the magistracy of the censor, in order to give the Plebeian order access to higher levels of government without having to reform the office of consul; plebeians could be elected to the office of Consular Tribune.[1] The choice whether a collegium of Consular Tribunes or consuls were to be elected for a given year was made by senatus consultum,[2] thereby (according to Livy) accounting for the periods of either office interspersed with the other. The number of Consular Tribunes varied from 2 to 6, and because they were considered colleagues of the two censors, there is sometimes mention of the "eight tribunes".[citation needed] Modern scholars now believe, however, that the creation of the consular tribunes was due to the changing military and administrative requirements of the expanding Roman state.[3] In the beginning during the 440s, the consular tribunes, elected from the three ancient tribes of the Titienses, Ramnenses, and Luceres, were part of an overall redesign of the military structure of the Roman state to maximise military efficiency, which included the creation of the Censorship (responsible for taking the census to identify the numbers of men capable of military duty) and the Quaestorship (responsible for the supply of money and goods for the armies).[3] Originally patrician office holders, they were referred to as "military tribunes", and were responsible for leading the armies into battle. It was only much later that they were given the anachronistic addition of "with consular power", in an attempt to distinguish them from the Military tribunes who were the legionary officers of the middle and late Republic.[4] The tribunes, like their consular predecessors, exercised consular potestas,[5] indicating they must have been elected by the comitia centuriata, and that the current needs of the state could not be served by the previous consular system.[3] From their initial number of three, the consular tribunes were increased to four for the first time in 426 BC in response to the military situation which saw the Roman state capture and annex Fidenae.[3] Then in 405 BC, the number of consular tribunes was increased to six for the first time; and after that, apart from the very occasional year in which eight or ten consular tribunes are recorded, the Roman state was led by six consular tribunes for almost every year down to the dissolution of the office and the reintroduction of the consulship in 366 BC. The increase was due to the need for the consular tribunes to not only handle the military affairs of Rome, but also the administrative needs of the city as well.[6] According to Livy, the practice of electing consular tribunes came to a definitive end in 366 BC, when the Lex Licinia Sextia took effect, allowing the Plebeian order access to the office of consul. Modern understanding of this process interprets the change to one where Rome’s position in Latium had become sufficiently secure to allow the urban duties of the consular tribunes to be discharged by other office holders with different levels of competencies and powers, including imperium in the case of the Praetor.[7] Thus the reorganization of the Roman state in 367/6 BC. saw the replacement of the six consular tribunes with five officials with distinct functions: the head of state became the two consuls, who would wage Rome’s wars and lead the Senate's deliberations. In addition there was one praetor who would oversee lawsuits in the city, while two curule aediles would undertake all other administrative duties within the city, such as the organization and holding of public games and overseeing and controlling the markets in Rome.[7] Consular Tribunes by year[edit] Presented by Varronian chronology. For more information on deciphering early Roman names, see Roman names. Year Tribunes 444 BC A. Sempronius Atratinus T. Atilius Luscus T. Cloelius Siculus 438 BC Mam. Aemilius Mamercinus L. Quinctius Cincinnatus L. Julius Iulus 434 BC Ser. Cornelius Cossus M. Manlius Capitolinus Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Praetextatus 433 BC M. Fabius Vibulanus M. Folius Flaccinator L. Sergius Fidenas 432 BC L. Pinarius Mamercinus L. Furius Medullinus Sp. Postumius Albus Regillensis 426 BC T. Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus C. Furius Pacilus Fusus M. Postumius Albinus Regillensis A. Cornelius Cossus 425 BC A. Sempronius Atratinus L. Quinctius Cincinnatus L. Furius Medullinus L. Horatius Barbatus 424 BC Ap. Claudius Crassus Sp. Nautius Rutilus L. Sergius Fidenas Sex. Julius Iulus 422 BC L. Manlius Capitolinus Q. Antonius Merenda L. Papirius Mugillanus 420 BC L. Quinctius Cincinnatus L. Furius Medullinus M. Manlius Vulso A. Sempronius Atratinus 419 BC Agrippa Menenius Lanatus P. Lucretius Tricipitinus Sp. Nautius Rutilus C. Servilius Axilla 418 BC L. Sergius Fidenas M. Papirius Mugillanus C. Servilius Axilla 417 BC P. Lucretius Tricipitinus Agrippa Menenius Lanatus C. Servilius Axilla Sp. Rutilius Crassus 416 BC * A. Sempronius Atratinus M. Papirius Mugillanus Q. Fabius Vibulanus Sp. Nautius Rutilus 415 BC P. Cornelius Cossus C. Valerius Potitus Volusus N. Fabius Vibulanus Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus 414 BC Cn. Cornelius Cossus L. Valerius Potitus Q. Fabius Vibulanus P. Postumius Albinus Regillensis 408 BC C. Julius Iulus P. Cornelius Cossus C. Servilius Ahala 407 BC L. Furius Medullinus C. Valerius Potitus Volusus N. Fabius Vibulanus C. Servilius Ahala 406 BC P. Cornelius Rutilus Cossus Cn. Cornelius Cossus N. Fabius Ambustus L. Valerius Potitus 405 BC T. Quinctius Capitolinus Barbatus Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus C. Julius Iulus A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus L. Furius Medullinus M'. Aemilius Mamercinus 404 BC C. Valerius Potitus Volusus M'. Sergius Fidenas P. Cornelius Maluginensis Cn. Cornelius Cossus K. Fabius Ambustus Sp. Nautius Rutilus 403 BC M'. Aemilius Mamercinus L. Valerius Potitus Ap. Claudius Crassus Inregillensis M. Quinctilius Varus L. Julius Iulus M. Furius Fusus M. Postumius Albinus Regillensis M. Postumius 402 BC C. Servilius Ahala Q. Servilius Fidenas L. Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus M'. Sergius Fidenas 401 BC L. Valerius Potitus M. Furius Camillus M'. Aemilius Mamercinus Cn. Cornelius Cossus K. Fabius Ambustus L. Julius Iulus 400 BC P. Licinius Calvus Esquilinus P. Manlius Vulso L. Titinius Pansa Saccus P. Maelius Capitolinus Sp. Furius Medullinus L. Publilius Philo Vulscus 399 BC Cn. Genucius Augurinus L. Atilius Priscus M. Pomponius Rufus C. Duillius Longus M. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus Volero Publilius Philo 398 BC L. Valerius Potitus M. Valerius Lactucinus Maximus M. Furius Camillus L. Furius Medullinus Q. Servilius Fidenas Q. Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus 397 BC L. Julius Iulus L. Furius Medullinus L. Sergius Fidenas A. Postumius Albinus Regillensis P. Cornelius Maluginensis A. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus 396 BC L. Titinius Pansa Saccus P. Licinius Calvus Esquilinus P. Maelius Capitolinus Q. Manlius Vulso Capitolinus Cn. Genucius Augurinus L. Atilius Priscus 395 BC P. Cornelius Cossus P. Cornelius Scipio K. Fabius Ambustus L. Furius Medullinus Q. Servilius Fidenas M. Valerius Lactucinus Maximus 394 BC M. Furius Camillus L. Furius Medullinus C. Aemilius Mamercinus L. Valerius Publicola Sp. Postumius Albinus Regillensis P. Cornelius 391 BC L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus Ser. Sulpicius Camerinus L. Aemilius Mamercinus L. Furius Medullinus Agrippa Furius Fusus C. Aemilius Mamercinus 390 BC Q. Fabius Ambustus K. Fabius Ambustus N. Fabius Ambustus Q. Sulpicius Longus Q. Servilius Fidenas P. Cornelius Maluginensis 389 BC L. Valerius Publicola L. Verginius Tricostus P. Cornelius A. Manlius Capitolinus L. Aemilius Mamercinus L. Postumius Albinus Regillensis 388 BC T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus Q. Servilius Fidenas L. Julius Iulus L. Aquilius Corvus L. Lucretius Flavus Tricipitinus Ser. Sulipicius Rufus 387 BC L. Papirius Cursor Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo L. Aemilius Mamercinus Licinus Menentius Lanatus L. Valerius Publicola L. Cornelius 386 BC M. Furius Camillus Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Q. Servilius Fidenas L. Quinctius Cincinnatus L. Horatius Pulvillus P. Valerius Potitus Publicola 385 BC A. Manlius Capitolinus P. Cornelius T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus L. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus L. Papirius Cursor Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo 384 BC Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis P. Valerius Potitus Publicola M. Furius Camillus Ser. Sulpicius Rufus C. Papirius Crassus T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus 383 BC L. Valerius Publicola A. Manlius Capitolinus Ser. Sulpicius Rufus L. Lucretius Flavus Tricipitinus L. Aemilius Mamercinus M. Trebonius 382 BC Sp. Papirius Crassus L. Papirius Mugillanus Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Q. Servilius Fidenas C. Sulpicius Camerinus L. Aemilius Mamercinus 381 BC M. Furius Camillus A. Postumius Albinus Regillensis L. Postumius Albinus Regillensis L. Furius Medullinus L. Lucretius Tricipitinus Flavus M. Fabius Ambustus 380 BC L. Valerius Publicola P. Valerius Potitus Publicola Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Licinus Menentius Lanatus C. Sulpicius Peticus L. Aemilius Mamercinus Cn. Sergius Fidenas Coxo Ti. Papirius Crassus L. Papirius Mugillanus 379 BC P. Manlius Capitolinus C. Manlius L. Julius Iulus C. Sextilius M. Albinius L. Antistius 378 BC Sp. Furius Q. Servilius Fidenas Licinus Menenius Lanatus P. Cloelius Siculus M. Horatius L. Geganius Macerinus 377 BC L. Aemilius Mamercinus P. Valerius Potitus Publicola C. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus Ser. Sulpicius Rufus L. Quinctius Cincinnatus C. Quinctius Cincinnatus 376 BC L. Papirius Mugillanus Licinus Menenius Lanatus Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus 370 BC L. Furius Medullinus A. Manlius Capitolinus Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis P. Valerius Potitus Publicola C. Valerius Potitus 369 BC Q. Servilius Fidenas C. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus A. Cornelius Cossus M. Cornelius Maluginensis Q. Quinctius Cincinnatus M. Fabius Ambustus 368 BC T. Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus Ser. Cornelius Maluginensis Ser. Sulpicius Praetextatus Sp. Servilius Structus L. Papirius Crassus L. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus 367 BC A. Cornelius Cossus M. Cornelius Maluginensis M. Geganius Macerinus P. Manlius Capitolinus L. Veturius Crassus Cicurinus P. Valerius Potitus Publicola See also[edit] Constitution of the Roman Republic Notes[edit] ^ Forsythe, pgs. 234-235 ^ Livy, Ab Urbe condita libri, IV.12.4 ^ a b c d Forsythe, p. 236 ^ Bringmann, Hans; Smyth, W. J. (trans) A History of the Roman Republic (2007), p. 15 ^ T.Corey Brennan, « The Praetorship in the Roman Republic-Vol 1 Origins to 122BC- §2.4 The Consular Tribunate», Oxford University Press, 2001 ^ Forsythe, pp. 236-237 ^ a b Forsythe, pg. 237 References[edit] Forsythe, Gary A Critical History of Early Rome: From Prehistory to the First Punic War, University of California Press (2005) Tribunus v t e Ancient Rome topics Outline Timeline History Foundation Kingdom overthrow Republic Empire History Pax Romana Principate Dominate Western Empire fall historiography of the fall Byzantine Empire decline fall Constitution History Kingdom Republic Empire Late Empire Senate Legislative assemblies Curiate Centuriate Tribal Plebeian Executive magistrates SPQR Law Twelve Tables Mos maiorum Citizenship Auctoritas Imperium Status Litigation Government Curia Forum Cursus honorum Collegiality Emperor Legatus Dux Officium Prefect Vicarius Vigintisexviri Lictor Magister militum Imperator Princeps senatus Pontifex Maximus Augustus Caesar Tetrarch Optimates Populares Province Magistrates Ordinary Consul Censor Praetor Tribune Tribune of the Plebs Military tribune Quaestor Aedile Promagistrate Governor Extraordinary Rex Interrex Dictator Magister Equitum Decemviri Consular Tribune Triumvir Military History Borders Establishment Structure Campaigns Political control Strategy Engineering Frontiers and fortifications castra Technology Army Legion Infantry tactics Personal equipment Siege engines Navy Auxiliaries Decorations and punishments Hippika gymnasia Economy Agriculture Deforestation Commerce Finance Currency Republican currency Imperial currency Culture Architecture Art Bathing Calendar Clothing Cosmetics Cuisine Hairstyles Education Literature Music Mythology Religion Deities Romanization Roman people Sexuality Theatre Wine Society Patricians Plebs Conflict of the Orders Secessio plebis Equites Gens Tribes Assembly Naming conventions Demography Women Marriage Adoption Slavery Bagaudae Technology Amphitheatres Aqueducts Bridges Circuses Civil engineering Concrete Domes Metallurgy Numerals Roads Temples Theatres Sanitation Thermae Latin History Alphabet Versions Old Classical Vulgar Late Medieval Renaissance New Contemporary Ecclesiastical Romance languages Writers Latin Aelius Donatus Ammianus Marcellinus Appuleius Asconius Pedianus Augustine Aurelius Victor Ausonius Boëthius Caesar Catullus Cassiodorus Censorinus Cicero Claudian Columella Cornelius Nepos Ennius Eutropius Fabius Pictor Sextus Pompeius Festus Rufus Festus Florus Frontinus Fronto Fulgentius Gellius Horace Hydatius Hyginus Jerome Jordanes Julius Paulus Justin Juvenal Lactantius Livy Lucan Lucretius Macrobius Marcellus Empiricus Marcus Aurelius Manilius Martial Nicolaus Damascenus Nonius Marcellus Obsequens Orosius Ovid Petronius Phaedrus Plautus Pliny the Elder Pliny the Younger Pomponius Mela Priscian Propertius Quadrigarius Quintilian Quintus Curtius Rufus Sallust Seneca the Elder Seneca the Younger Servius Sidonius Apollinaris Silius Italicus Statius Suetonius Symmachus Tacitus Terence Tertullian Tibullus Valerius Antias Valerius Maximus Varro Velleius Paterculus Verrius Flaccus Vergil Vitruvius Greek Aelian Aëtius of Amida Appian Arrian Cassius Dio Diodorus Siculus Diogenes Laërtius Dionysius of Halicarnassus Dioscorides Eusebius of Caesaria Galen Herodian Josephus Julian Libanius Lucian Pausanias Philostratus Phlegon of Tralles Photius Plutarch Polyaenus Polybius Porphyrius Priscus Procopius Simplicius of Cilicia Sozomen Stephanus Byzantinus Strabo Themistius Theodoret Zonaras Zosimus Major cities Alexandria Antioch Aquileia Berytus Bononia Carthage Constantinopolis Eboracum Leptis Magna Londinium Lugdunum Lutetia Mediolanum Pompeii Ravenna Roma Smyrna Vindobona Volubilis Lists and other topics Cities and towns Climate Consuls Dictators Distinguished women Dynasties Emperors Generals Gentes Geographers Institutions Laws Legacy Legions Magistri equitum Nomina Pontifices Maximi Praetors Quaestors Tribunes Roman–Iranian relations Wars and battles Civil wars and revolts Fiction Films Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tribuni_militum_consulari_potestate&oldid=929184720" Categories: Ancient Roman titles Lists of office-holders in ancient Rome Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015 Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages العربية Azərbaycanca Български Català Čeština Español Français Hrvatski Italiano ქართული Latina Magyar Nederlands 日本語 Polski Português Русский Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Türkçe Українська Edit links This page was last edited on 4 December 2019, at 05:14 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization. Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Mobile view Developers Statistics Cookie statement